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Incentive-centered design Students will start off with 0 experience points, and class requirements such as homework, class attendance, exams, and projects are turned into "quests", "fighting monsters", "crafting", and "joining a guild". Lee Sheldon, a university course coordinator, found that student interest and perfo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37210623 |
The Poor Pay More is a 1967 book published by David Caplovitz. It is a sociology study of what could be called the "poverty penalty", which is a concept that poor people pay more for the same goods and services as people with more money do. Esther Peterson cited the book as being important for understanding contemporar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37256400 |
Ecological Economics (journal) Ecological Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Elsevier on behalf of the International Society for Ecological Economics. It covers research on ecological economics. The journal was established in 1989 by founding editor-in-chief Robert Costanza. The current editor-i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37260207 |
Final product In production, a final product is a product that is ready for sale. For example, oil is the final product of an oil company. The farmer sells his vegetables as his final product, after they have been though the whole process of growth. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37292742 |
Ladli Laxmi Yojana is a scheme introduced by Government of Madhya Pradesh. It was inaugurated by Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan on 2nd May 2007, which was followed by expansion to six additional states including Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Delhi, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Goa. It came into effect from 7th April, 2007... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37356277 |
Ladli Laxmi Yojana Division of women and children improvement is responsible to implement the plan; the same has been propelled for all regions of the state. Essentially this Scheme was actualized for the span of one year under which is March 2008. The base of the effect examination was just April 2007 to December 2007... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37356277 |
Ladli Laxmi Yojana In spite of the inclination that the girl child is a burden to the family, women will come up as the head and equivalents to other individual family members. The Scheme will establish young girls in the point of view of the society and family and they would get the absolute advantage of the Scheme, w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37356277 |
Skin in the game (phrase) To have "skin in the game" is to have incurred risk (monetary or otherwise) by being involved in achieving a goal. In the phrase, "skin" is a synecdoche for the person involved, and "game" is the metaphor for actions on the field of play under discussion. The aphorism is particularly common in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37375042 |
Skin in the game (phrase) Many banks and other financial institutions bar employees from having any "skin" where client capital is managed, principally to address the issue of front running and commingled funds (MF Global). Investment structures such as hedge funds, private equity, Trusts and mutual funds are legally l... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37375042 |
Maturity transformation is the practice by financial institutions of borrowing money on shorter timeframes than they lend money out. Financial markets also have the effect of maturity transformation whereby investors such as shareholders and bondholders can sell their shares and bonds in the secondary market (i.e. the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37384019 |
Diploma of Financial Studies The Level 3 Diploma in Financial Studies is an educational qualification in finance offered principally in the United Kingdom. It counts for up to 140 UCAS tariff points depending on the grade, making it the equivalent to an A2 A-level albeit with an "A" grade being the highest attainable. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37387981 |
Almost ideal demand system The Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) is a consumer demand model used primarily by economists to study consumer behavior. The AIDS model gives an arbitrary first-order approximation to any demand system and has many desirable qualities of demand systems. For instance it satisfies the axioms o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37411835 |
Almost ideal demand system In addition, the AIDS system has been used as a brand demand system to determine optimal consumption rates for each brand using product category spending and brand prices alone. An extension of the almost ideal demand system is the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) which was devel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37411835 |
Quartz (publication) Quartz is a business-focused English-language international news organization, it launched from New York City in 2012, and is owned by Japanese business media company Uzabase (Japanese: ). It operates editions globally, outside of the United States and Japan, including in the United Arab Emirates, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37441707 |
Quartz (publication) According to a press release, the name "Quartz" was chosen for reasons related to its branding and the unusual combination of two infrequently used letters, "q" and "z", in the title. On September 24, 2012, "Quartz" launched its website, "qz.com". The site was designed to deliver content primarily ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37441707 |
Quartz (publication) In October 2019, co-CEO and editor in chief Kevin Delaney, stepped down from his position. Zach Seward, the company's second employee, will be the company's new chief executive officer. Apple removed the Quartz app from its Chinese App Store for its reporting on the 2019 Hong Kong protests. In trad... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37441707 |
Crowdcube is a British investment crowdfunding platform, established by Darren Westlake and Luke Lang in 2011. Equity based crowdfunding is a new fundraising model for entrepreneurs. Individuals' investments are pooled, allowing entrepreneurs to secure funding directly from the general public and bypass business angels... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37471602 |
Crowdcube On 12 November 2018, introduced a new investor fee that charges investors for investing on the platform, 1.5% of the total investment, added on when the investment is collected. This fee is capped at £250. The fee was met with some backlash within the community, particularly as it was introduced just before C... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37471602 |
Crowdcube 2526 per share, depending on whether they accept an option with a variable element based on sales growth to be paid at a later date. Reports said this was a nominal return on investment of just under 70%, implying that AB InBev paid around £85 million. Some examples of companies that have acquired funding usi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37471602 |
The Capitalist Manifesto is a 1958 book by Louis O. Kelso, a lawyer-economist and Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) inventor, and Mortimer J. Adler, a neo-Thomist philosopher. Kelso and Adler detail the three principles of economic justice, "Participation", "Distribution", and "Limitation". These principles laid the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37495925 |
Alan White (economist) Alan D. White is a University of Toronto finance professor, a specialist in financial engineering, best known for the Hull-White Interest Rate Model and associated numerical procedures, authored with John Hull. He is the Peter L. Mitchelson/SIT Investment Associates Foundation Chair in Investment... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37512122 |
Thymology In praxeology, thymology is the study of those human aspects that precede or cause purposeful human behavior. In his "Theory and History", Ludwig von Mises wrote on the relationship between praxeology and thymology: [Thymology] is what a man knows about the way in which people value different conditions, abou... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37542807 |
Thymology But the natural sciences must admit that this factor must be considered as real also from their point of view, as it is a link in a chain of events that result in changes in the sphere the description of which they consider as the specific field of their studies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37542807 |
Monika Piazzesi is the Joan Kenney Professor of Economics at Stanford University. In 2005, when she was Assistant Professor at the University of Chicago Business School, she won the Germán Bernácer Prize. The following year, she won the Elaine Bennett Research Prize. Her research focuses on asset pricing and time serie... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37547879 |
Monika Piazzesi " From 2008 – 2011 she was an Affiliated Professor of the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37547879 |
Country attractiveness is a multidisciplinary concept at the crossroads of development economics, financial economics, comparative law and political science: it aims at tracking and contrasting the relative appeal of different territories and jurisdictions competing for “scarce” investment inflows, by scoring them quan... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37551679 |
Econography is the study of spending profiles of a population of a region and the culture of its people, down to the postcode level, including consumer and business spending by gender, age, income, living situation and location. Econographic trends describe the historical changes in category spending over time, by segm... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37568257 |
Econography The information companies gather has become a milestone in how they interact with their customers. This can also be used as a basis for future product innovations that are best suited for the consumer. Australian bank UBank introduced the world's first tool, on Tuesday 6 November 2012 at Finovate where it w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37568257 |
Econography Governments around the globe have many ways of showing the familiar faces of the econography of their region. Censuses and other means of representation have been used over the years to get an accurate description of the financial standpoint of the people. In the United States, the Census Bureau reports the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37568257 |
Econography For example, today, a loaf of bread today can be obtained for under a dollar at the right location; however, during the Great Depression that same loaf of bread may have cost about eight cents. The value of eight cents compared to a dollar today would hold little to no merit as time, as well as prices, have... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37568257 |
Magic store A magic store (also magic shop or magician's supply shop) is an establishment which sells materials for performing magic tricks. Magic shops often also sell practical jokes and novelty items, and frequently serve as informal gathering places for amateur magicians, with some hosting organized magic clubs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37578611 |
Infrastructure-based development Infrastructure-based economic development, also called infrastructure-driven development, combines key policy characteristics inherited from the Rooseveltian progressivist tradition and Neo-Keynesian economics in the United States, France's Gaullist and Neo-Colbertist centralized econom... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37598550 |
Infrastructure-based development Furthermore, the infrastructure investment not only increases the quality of life, but, based on the time series evidence for the post-World War II period in the United States, infrastructure also has positive impact on both labor and multifactor productivity. The multifactor productivi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37598550 |
Infrastructure-based development Aschauer uses the production function formula_1, where: He estimates the production function relation using the average data from 1965 to 1983 for the 50 states. This enables Aschauer to conclude that the level of per capita output is positively and significantly related to core infrast... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37598550 |
Infrastructure-based development They calculated the revenue gain from the land appreciation to be $33,000-$200,000 per mile, while construction costs were $20,000-$40,000 per mile. Hence, on average the revenue from construction of a new railroad outweighed the costs. While initial construction returns were high, the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37598550 |
Infrastructure-based development They conclude that infrastructure investment accounts for a significant fraction of the growth in consumer surplus and business revenue in telecommunications services, both of which indicate the growth in economic performance. Some European and Asian economists suggest that “infrastruct... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37598550 |
Infrastructure-based development This considerable investment gap allowed the Chinese economy to grow at near optimal conditions while many South American, South Asian and African economies suffered from various development bottlenecks: poor transportation networks, aging power grids, inadequate school facilities, amon... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37598550 |
Infrastructure-based development In the wake of the Great Recession that started after 2007, liberal and Neo-Keynesian economists in the United States have developed renewed arguments in favor of “Rooseveltian” economic policies removed from the ‘Neoclassical’ orthodoxy of the past 30 years- notably a degree of federal... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37598550 |
Infrastructure-based development He also considers infrastructure investments a tool to create jobs and to spur economic growth. A key aspect of this policy is that it relegates primary funding responsibility to local authorities and the private sector. Trump's aim with this funding policy is to realize his promise dur... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37598550 |
Infrastructure-based development Donald Trump was quick to seize on the issue to make a broader slap against the laissez-faire complacency of the federal government: ‘when I see the crumbling roads and bridges, or the dilapidated airports or the factories moving overseas to Mexico, or to other countries for that matter... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37598550 |
Infrastructure-based development Trump's goal is to achieve "energy dominance," or the maximization of the production of fossil fuels for domestic use and for exports. Donald Trump's policies aim at harnessing private capital to leverage government spending on infrastructure at federal, state and local level. This appr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37598550 |
Infrastructure-based development Saudi Arabia will provide $20 billion from its Private Investment Fund (PIF) towards the Blackstone infrastructure fund. Limited partners will contribute $20 billion. "With debt financing, Blackstone hopes eventually to bring the total to $100 billion" in "total infrastructure investmen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37598550 |
Shome Panel The is responsible for constituting guidelines for General Anti Avoidance Rules (GAAR) in India. The panel was established by Dr. Manmohan Singh and headed by economist Parthasarathi Shome. The committee has said that the retrospective application of tax law should happen in the rarest of rare cases and for... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37638877 |
Fiscal Studies is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Institute for Fiscal Studies. The journal was established in 1979 and aims to bridge the gap between academic research and policy. The contents of the journal reflect a broad interpretation of “fiscal studies”, wi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37660437 |
Start-Up Chile is a seed accelerator created by the Chilean Government based in Santiago, Chile. It provides equity free investment for qualified startups. The program is managed by CORFO, the Chilean Economic Development Agency, via "InnovaChile", with the mission of encouraging entrepreneurship and innovation to impr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37670737 |
Start-Up Chile The entrepreneur participants of are measured during their time in the program by indicators that include their participation in local events, presenting workshops on their particular expertise, raising local or international capital, and contracting talent. The program has received major media coverage ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37670737 |
Risk transformation is about how to mitigate risk and in parallel develop competitive advantages. The goals of risk transformation are first to combat risk and secondly to differentiate and create solutions for the benefits of clients/users. Risk may include financial risk, security/safety-related risks, uncertainty, a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37680171 |
Tax buoyancy is an indicator to measure efficiency and responsiveness of revenue mobilization in response to growth in the Gross domestic product or National income. A tax is said to be buoyant if the tax revenues increase more than proportionately in response to a rise in national income or output. A tax is buoyant wh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37686518 |
Socioeconomic engineering is the application of economic and political means to bring about desired changes in a society. It is not an actual field of "engineering" as such but is more of an applied interdisciplinary field of political science, sociology and economics. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37717597 |
Scottish budget The is an annual Act of the Scottish Parliament, giving statutory authority to the Scottish Government for its revenue and expenditure plans. For the financial year 2016/17 the budget was approximately £33.18 billion. Until 2020 the Budget Bill was presented to Parliament by the Cabinet Secretary for Fi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37738086 |
Best–worst scaling (BWS) techniques involve choice modelling (or discrete choice experiment – "DCE") and were invented by Jordan Louviere in 1987 while on the faculty at the University of Alberta. In general with BWS, survey respondents are shown a subset of items from a master list and are asked to indicate the best a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37756578 |
Best–worst scaling Marley had encountered problems axiomatising certain types of ranking data and speculated in the discussion of his thesis that examination of the "inferior" and "superior" items in a list might be a fruitful topic for future research. The idea then languished for three decades until the first working... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37756578 |
Best–worst scaling There are two different purposes of BWS – as a method of data collection, and/or as a theory of how people make choices when confronted with three or more items. This distinction is crucial, given the continuing misuse of the term maxdiff to describe the method. As Marley and Louviere note, maxdiff i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37756578 |
Best–worst scaling However, its realism as a description of how humans might actually provide best and worst data can be questioned for the following reason. As the number of items increases, the number of possible pairs increases in a multiplicative fashion: n items produces n(n-1) pairs (where best-worst order matter... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37756578 |
Best–worst scaling BWS can, particularly in the age of web-based surveys, be used to collect data in a systematic way that (1) forces all respondents to provide best and worst data in the same way (by, for instance, asking best first, greying out the chosen option, then asking worst); (2) Enables collection of a full r... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37756578 |
Best–worst scaling It is particularly useful when eliciting the degree of importance or agreement that respondents ascribe from a set of statements and when the researcher wishes to ensure that the items compete with each other (so that respondents cannot easily rate multiple items as being of the same importance). Cas... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37756578 |
Best–worst scaling These cause every item to appear the same number of times and also force every item to compete with every other the same number of times. These features are attractive since the respondent is prevented from inferring erroneous information about the items (what items the designer is "really" intereste... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37756578 |
Best–worst scaling At the 2003 Sawtooth Conference, Steve Cohen's paper "Maximum Difference Scaling: Improved Measures of Importance and Preference for Segmentation," was selected as Best Presentation. Steve and Bryan agreed that MaxDiff should be part of the Sawtooth package and it was introduced later that year. Late... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37756578 |
Best–worst scaling The book contains an introductory chapter summarising the history of BWS and the three cases, together with why the respondent must think whether (s)he wishes to use it to understand theory (processes) of decision-making and/or merely to collect data in a systematic way. Three chapters, one for each ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37756578 |
Best–worst scaling It also produces: involves the collection of at least two sets of data: at a minimum, first-best and first-worst, and in some cases additional ranks (second best, second worst, etc...) The issue of how to combine these data is pertinent. Early work assumed best was simply the inverse of worst: that r... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37756578 |
Best–worst scaling It is unknown if the preferences are consistent with choices made in the real world (revealed preferences). In some instances revealed preferences (typically real market decisions) are available, providing a test of the BWS choices. In others, quite often health, there are no revealed preference data... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37756578 |
Antifragile Antifragile: Things That Gain From Disorder is a book by Nassim Nicholas Taleb published on November 27, 2012, by Random House in the United States and Penguin in the United Kingdom. This book builds upon ideas from his previous works including "Fooled by Randomness" (2001), (2007–2010), and "The Bed of Pro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37758875 |
Antifragile The larger point, according to Taleb, is that depriving systems of vital stressors is not necessarily a good thing and can be downright harmful. More technically, Taleb defines antifragility as a nonlinear response: "Simply, antifragility is defined as a convex response to a stressor or source of harm (for ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37758875 |
Antifragile The major idea is to develop antifragility by design, building a system which improves from environment's input. To have "skin in the game" is to have incurred risk by being involved in achieving a goal. Taleb extends the definition to include any risk so that "Every captain goes down with every ship". This... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37758875 |
Antifragile A technology, or anything nonperishable, increases in life expectancy with every day of its life—unlike perishable items (such as humans, cats, dogs, and tomatoes). So a book that has been a hundred years in print is likely to stay in print another hundred years. The opposite is Neomania, a love of change f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37758875 |
Antifragile The term "green lumber" refers to a story by authors Jim Paul and Brendan Moynihan in their book "What I Learned Losing A Million Dollars", where a trader made a fortune trading lumber he thought was literally "green" rather than fresh cut. "This gets at the idea that a supposed understanding of an investme... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37758875 |
Antifragile 412), for example, Taleb criticizes Alan Blinder, the former vice chairman of the board of governors of the Federal Reserve System for trying to sell him an investment product at Davos in 2008 which would allow an investor to circumvent the regulations limiting deposit insurance and to benefit from coverage... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37758875 |
Antifragile The relation of fragility, convexity and sensitivity to disorder is thus mathematical and not derived from empirical data." Less favorable reviews include Michiko Kakutani of "The New York Times", who described the book as being "maddening, bold, repetitious, judgmental, intemperate, erudite, reductive, shr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37758875 |
Cut off period Cutoff period is a term in finance. In capital budgeting, it is the period (usually in years) below which a project's payback period must fall in order to accept the project. Generally it is the time period in which a project gives its investment back if a project fails to do so the project will be rejec... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37784067 |
An Essay on Marxian Economics is a 1942 book about the philosopher Karl Marx by the economist Joan Robinson. "An Essay on Marxian Economics" received a positive review from the economist Eric Roll in "The Yale Law Journal". Roll considered the book important. He maintained that its appearance alongside the Marxian econ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37785478 |
Journal of Agricultural Economics The is a triannual peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Agricultural Economics Society. It was established in 1928 as the "Journal of the Proceedings of the Agricultural Economics Society" and became the "Journal of Agricultural Economics" in 195... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37793015 |
The Truth About Markets The Truth About Markets: Why Some Nations are Rich but Most Remain Poor is a book by economist John Kay, published in 2003 by Allen Lane. "The Truth About Markets" looks at why market economies performed better than socialist or centrally directed ones. The book looks at markets in a number of d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37797213 |
Development and Change is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Institute of Social Studies. The journal was established in 1970 and covers development studies and social change. Specific topics of interest are international agencies, macroanalysis, non-governmental or... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37858486 |
Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie The (English: "Journal of Economic & Social Geography") is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Royal Dutch Geographical Society. The editor-in-chief is Frank van Oort (Erasmus University Rotterdam). The journal focuses on conte... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37858745 |
Wisconsin Valley Improvement Company The is a private company chartered by Section 182.70 of the Wisconsin Statutes. The company is responsible for organizing the flow from most of the upper Wisconsin River tributaries, and this flow affects the economy and ecosystem of the entire river. Its member companies are the ow... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37874012 |
Wisconsin Valley Improvement Company The other four are on the Willow River, Tomahawk River, Spirit River, and Big Eau Pleine River, all of which are western tributaries of the Wisconsin. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37874012 |
Cognitive hierarchy theory (CHT) is a behavioral model originating in behavioral economics and game theory that attempts to describe human thought processes in strategic games. CHT aims to improve upon the accuracy of predictions made by standard analytic methods (including backwards induction and iterated elimination ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37886282 |
Cognitive hierarchy theory Econometrically, a Mixture Model is typically used to identify subpopulations. Level-k theory assumes that players in strategic games base their decisions on their predictions about the likely actions of other players. According to level-k, players in strategic games can be categorized by the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37886282 |
Cognitive hierarchy theory A level zero player will select a number non-strategically. That number might be selected at random, or may have special significance to the player (in which case it is indistinguishable from a random number by other players). A level one player will choose the number consistent with the beli... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37886282 |
Cognitive hierarchy theory As a result, she will choose to end the game on her last round rather than expanding the pot. If Alice is level two, she will predict that Bob expects her to end the game on her last round, and will try to end the game just before she does. As a result, Alice will choose to end the game on he... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37886282 |
Cognitive hierarchy theory The standard solution to the centipede game is determined by backward induction. According to this method, if Bob reaches his final decision, he will prefer to keep a larger share of a smaller pot to the smaller share of a larger pot, so he will end the game instead of expanding the pot. Alic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37886282 |
Cognitive hierarchy theory In the case of altruism, a player opposed by an altruist will cooperate temporarily to increase the size of the payoff, with the intention of defecting later. In the case of error, a player does not appreciate the vulnerabilities created by cooperative play. If a player anticipates that the o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37886282 |
Cognitive hierarchy theory Furthermore, because researchers are able to preserve the common assumption that players are self-interested, CHT can be incorporated into existing models rather than replacing them outright. CHT can offer reasonably accurate predictions about human behavior while acknowledging stronger forms... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37886282 |
The Formation of the Economic Thought of Karl Marx The Formation of the Economic Thought of Karl Marx: 1843 to Capital () is a 1967 book by the Marxist theorist Ernest Mandel, in which the author discusses the economic theories of Karl Marx. It appeared in English translation in 1971. "The Formation of the Economic Tho... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37926769 |
Swedish F-tax certificate F-tax is a tax paid by a self-employed person in Sweden. Sole proprietors (sole traders) in Sweden who actively conduct business usually have an F-tax certificate. An F-tax certificate signifies that the sole proprietor himself or herself is liable for paying their corporate taxes and social s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37955889 |
Returns-based style analysis is a statistical technique used in finance to deconstruct the returns of investment strategies using a variety of explanatory variables. The model results in a strategy's exposures to asset classes or other factors, interpreted as a measure of a fund or portfolio manager's style. While the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37958919 |
Returns-based style analysis RBSA uses the capital asset pricing model as its backbone, of which William Sharpe was also a primary contributor. In CAPM, a single index is often used as a proxy to represent the return of the market. The first step is to extend this to allow for multiple market proxy indices, thus: where... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37958919 |
Returns-based style analysis The exposures calculated by RBSA software can provide various pictures of a fund's evolution, both in isolation and in comparison to similar strategies. This analysis is usually done to better understand a fund over an explicitly chosen period of time. Since Sharpe's original formulation of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37958919 |
Returns-based style analysis Similar information describing a fund's investment style can be aggregated by comprehensive analysis of a fund's holdings. Returns-based analysis, which assesses the behavior of an investment vehicle versus known investment products (i.e., indices) is intended to be used in a complementary ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37958919 |
Fiscal agent A fiscal agent, fiscal sponsor, or financial agent is a proxy that manages fiscal matters on behalf of another party. A fiscal agent may assist in the redemption of bonds or coupons at maturity, disbursing dividends, and handling tax issues. For example, the United States Federal Reserve is the fiscal agen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37984804 |
Affine term structure model An affine term structure model is a financial model that relates zero-coupon bond prices (i.e. the discount curve) to a spot rate model. It is particularly useful for "deriving the yield curve" – the process of determining spot rate model inputs from observable bond market data. The affine c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37988471 |
Affine term structure model Assuming that the bond price is a function of formula_16 latent factors leads to the PDE:formula_17where formula_18 is the covariance matrix of the latent factors where the latent factors are driven by an Ito stochastic differential equation in the risk-neutral measure:formula_19Assume a sol... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37988471 |
Affine term structure model In a series of papers, a proposed dynamic yield curve model was developed using an arbitrage-free version of the famous Nelson-Siegel model, which the authors label AFNS. To derive the AFNS model, the authors make several assumptions: From the assumed model of the zero-coupon bond price:form... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37988471 |
Affine term structure model To find the AESR, recall that the dynamics of the latent factors under the real-world measure formula_49 are:formula_74The general solution of the multivariate Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process is:formula_75Note that formula_76 is the matrix exponential. From this solution, it is possible to explic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37988471 |
Walter Erwin Diewert (born 1941) is a Canadian economist. He was born in Vancouver, British Columbia. He completed a B.A. degree in 1963, and an M.A. in mathematics in 1964, both at the University of British Columbia. He completed a Ph.D. at the University of California at Berkeley in 1968. He is a professor of economi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=37989441 |
State Planning Organization (Turkey) State Planning Organization (, DPT) was founded in September 30, 1960 as part of the NUC's plans to help Turkey recover from the rule of the DP (whose leader Adnan Menderes did not use state planning except for partially in the agricultural sector). It was one of the most important ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38000899 |
Scroogenomics is a non-fiction book written by the economist Joel Waldfogel. In his book Waldfogel argues that purchasing gifts for other people is a "terrible way to allocate resources" as a result of gift givers' lack of knowledge of the recipients' true preferences. Waldfogel estimates that approximately $12 billion... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38027745 |
COGEN Europe is a European advocacy group based in Belgium that promotes the practice of cogeneration in energy production. The group acts as a liaison between its member companies and European Union energy organizations and committees. The managing director of is also the coordinator of the ene.field project. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38063354 |
Marx and Modern Economics is a 1968 book about the philosopher Karl Marx edited by David Horowitz. "Marx and Modern Economics" received a positive review from the economist Shigeto Tsuru in the "Journal of Economic Literature". He found Horowitz's introduction too brief, but considered him correct to emphasize that the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38071084 |
SumZero is an online community for professional investors (collectively referred to as the "buyside"), which hosts investment research, job opportunities, and capital introduction services. Buyside professionals are granted membership per an application, where they must be on the research team at a hedge fund, mutual f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38099797 |
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