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Thrift institution A thrift institution is a financial institution that obtains the majority of its funds from the savings of the public. The term can include several cooperative banking models; This is also a financial institution, charity, that depends on the people as far as good and services as donations for free a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=599121 |
Loan sale A loan sale is a sale, often by a bank, under contract of all or part of the cash stream from a specific loan, thereby removing the loan from the bank's balance sheet. Often subprime loans from failed banks in the United States are sold by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) in an online auction ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=599160 |
Gap financing Gap Financing is a term mostly associated with mortgage loans or property loans such as a bridge loan. It is an interim loan given to finance the difference between the floor loan and the maximum permanent loan as committed. More specifically, gap financing is subordinated temporary financing paid off whe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=599826 |
Gap financing The gap documents usually state unequivocally that, in the event the rent-roll requirement is not met during the rent-roll period, the permanent lender still retains the right on demand to purchase the gap note and discharge of record any second mortgage held by the construction lender. The borrower norma... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=599826 |
Gap financing Because of its prior position as construction lender, the gap lender usually has sufficient leverage with the permanent lender to receive adequate notice provisions and a right-to-cure period from the permanent lender. can also be used in purchase/rehab lending to fill the "gap" between the borrower's dow... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=599826 |
Floor loan A floor loan refers to the minimum amount of money that a lender is willing to lend in order to enable the builder to begin the construction of a building that is to be occupied by tenants. The term is thus closely associated with mortgage and property loans. The rest of the loan's balance (called "holdback"... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=599836 |
Faroese Securities Market Virðisbrævamarknaður Føroya (the Faroese Securities Market) was founded in 2000. Technical operator for the market is the Iceland Stock Exchange. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=599968 |
Hubbert peak theory The says that for any given geographical area, from an individual oil-producing region to the planet as a whole, the rate of petroleum production tends to follow a bell-shaped curve. It is one of the primary theories on peak oil. Choosing a particular curve determines a point of maximum production b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=601621 |
Hubbert peak theory Yet, recent advances in extraction technology, particularly those that led to the extraction of tight oil and oil from shale, have drastically changed the picture. A decline in production followed the 1970s peak of more than 10 million barrels. In November 2017 the United States once again surpassed... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=601621 |
Hubbert peak theory In 1956, Hubbert proposed that fossil fuel production in a given region over time would follow a roughly bell-shaped curve without giving a precise formula; he later used the Hubbert curve, the derivative of the logistic curve, for estimating future production using past observed discoveries. Hubber... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=601621 |
Hubbert peak theory The year of maximum annual production (peak) is: so now the cumulative production formula_3 reaches the half of the total available resource: The Hubbert equation assumes that oil production is symmetrical about the peak. Others have used similar but non-symmetrical equations which may provide bette... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=601621 |
Hubbert peak theory Hubbert's 1956 production curves depended on geological estimates of ultimate recoverable oil resources, but he was dissatisfied by the uncertainty this introduced, given the various estimates ranging from 110 billion to 590 billion barrels for the US. Starting in his 1962 publication, he made his c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=601621 |
Hubbert peak theory Neither is there any reason to assume that the peak will occur when half the ultimate recoverable resource has been produced; and in fact, empirical evidence appears to contradict this idea. An analysis of a 55 post-peak countries found that the average peak was at 25 percent of the ultimate recover... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=601621 |
Hubbert peak theory Cheap natural gas has also led to ethanol fuel produced with a net EROEI of less than 1, although figures in this area are controversial because methods to measure EROEI are in debate. The assumption of inevitable declining volumes of oil and gas produced per unit of effort is contrary to recent exp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=601621 |
Hubbert peak theory Between 1950 and 1984, as the Green Revolution transformed agriculture around the globe, world grain production increased by 250%. The energy for the Green Revolution was provided by fossil fuels in the form of fertilizers (natural gas), pesticides (oil), and hydrocarbon fueled irrigation. David Pim... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=601621 |
Hubbert peak theory Although observers believe that peak coal is significantly further out than peak oil, Hubbert studied the specific example of anthracite in the US, a high grade coal, whose production peaked in the 1920s. Hubbert found that anthracite matches a curve closely. Hubbert had recoverable coal reserves wo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=601621 |
Hubbert peak theory In a paper in 1956, after a review of US fissionable reserves, Hubbert notes of nuclear power: As of 2015, the identified resources of uranium are sufficient to provide more than 135 years of supply at the present rate of consumption. Technologies such as the thorium fuel cycle, reprocessing and fas... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=601621 |
Hubbert peak theory Hubbert applied his theory to "rock containing an abnormally high concentration of a given metal" and reasoned that the peak production for metals such as copper, tin, lead, zinc and others would occur in the time frame of decades and iron in the time frame of two centuries like coal. The price of c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=601621 |
Hubbert peak theory Ore grades have fallen from around 12 grams per tonne in 1950 to nearer 3 grams in the US, Canada, and Australia. South Africa's output has halved since peaking in 1970. Output fell a further 14 percent in South Africa in 2008 as companies were forced to dig ever deeper – at greater cost – to replac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=601621 |
Hubbert peak theory Lands, perceived as marginal because of remoteness, but with very high phosphorus content, such as the Gran Chaco may get more agricultural development, while other farming areas, where nutrients are a constraint, may drop below the line of profitability. Hubbert's original analysis did not apply to... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=601621 |
Hubbert peak theory Leonardo Maugeri, vice president of the Italian energy company Eni, argues that nearly all of peak estimates do not take into account unconventional oil even though the availability of these resources is significant and the costs of extraction and processing, while still very high, are falling becau... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=601621 |
Hubbert peak theory Cambridge Energy Research Associates authored a report that is critical of Hubbert-influenced predictions: CERA does not believe there will be an endless abundance of oil, but instead believes that global production will eventually follow an "undulating plateau" for one or more decades before declin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=601621 |
Hubbert peak theory In the example of peak phosphorus, additional concentrations exist intermediate between 71,000 Mt of identified reserves (USGS) and the approximately 30,000,000,000 Mt of other phosphorus in Earth's crust, with the average rock being 0.1% phosphorus, so showing decline in human phosphorus production... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=601621 |
Quaternary sector of the economy The quaternary sector is the label used to describe a knowledge-based part of the economy, which typically includes knowledge-oriented economic sectors such as information technology, media, research and development; information-based services such as information-generation and informat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=602616 |
Quaternary sector of the economy Between them, the tertiary and quaternary sectors form the largest part of the UK economy, employing 76% of the workforce. The number of people who earn their living in these activities is increasing. Companies invest in the Quaternary sector to promote further expansion. It is seen as ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=602616 |
Food processing is the transformation of agricultural products into food, or of one form of food into other forms. includes many forms of processing foods, from grinding grain to make raw flour to home cooking to complex industrial methods used to make convenience foods. Primary food processing is necessary to make mos... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=602960 |
Food processing Commercial food processing uses control systems such as hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) and failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) to reduce the risk of harm. Secondary food processing is the everyday process of creating food from ingredients that are ready to use. Baking bread, re... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=602960 |
Food processing Salt-preservation was especially common for foods that constituted warrior and sailors' diets until the introduction of canning methods. Evidence for the existence of these methods can be found in the writings of the ancient Greek, Chaldean, Egyptian and Roman civilizations as well as archaeological evi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=602960 |
Food processing In the 20th century, World War II, the space race and the rising consumer society in developed countries contributed to the growth of food processing with such advances as spray drying, evaporation, juice concentrates, freeze drying and the introduction of artificial sweeteners, colouring agents, and su... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=602960 |
Food processing Modern supermarkets would not exist without modern food processing techniques, and long voyages would not be possible. Processed foods are usually less susceptible to early spoilage than fresh foods and are better suited for long-distance transportation from the source to the consumer. When they were fi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=602960 |
Food processing Processed food freed people from the large amount of time involved in preparing and cooking "natural" unprocessed foods. The increase in free time allows people much more choice in life style than previously allowed. In many families the adults are working away from home and therefore there is little ti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=602960 |
Food processing In the European Union, only European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) approved food additives (e.g., sweeteners, preservatives, stabilizers) are permitted at specified levels for use in food products. Approved additives receive an E number (E for Europe), simplifying communication about food additives inclu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=602960 |
Food processing Large food processors will utilize many metal detectors within the processing stream to reduce both damage to processing machinery as well as risk to consumer health. does have some benefits, such as making food last longer and making products more convenient. However, there are drawbacks to relying on ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=602960 |
Food processing 75 grams, per day. Currently, Americans consume an average of 355 calories from added sugars each day. Processing foods often involves nutrient losses, which can make it harder to meet your needs if these nutrients aren't added back through fortification or enrichment. For example, using high heat durin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=602960 |
Food processing Although the preservatives and other food additives used in many processed foods are generally recognized as safe, a few may cause problems for some individuals, including sulfites, artificial sweeteners, artificial colors and flavors, sodium nitrate, BHA and BHT, olestra, caffeine and monosodium glutam... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=602960 |
Compulsory arbitration is arbitration of labor disputes which laws of some communities force the two sides, labor and management, to undergo. These laws mostly apply when the possibility of a strike seriously affects the public interest. Some labor contracts make specific provisions for compulsory arbitration should th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=605342 |
Self-employment is the state of working for oneself rather than an employer. Generally, tax authorities will view a person as self-employed if the person chooses to be recognized as such, or is generating income such that the person is required to file a tax return under legislation in the relevant jurisdiction. In the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=609093 |
Self-employment In summary: Although the common perception is that self-employment is concentrated in a few service sector industries, like sales people and insurance agents, research by the Small Business Administration has shown that self-employment occurs across a wide segment of the U.S. economy. Furthermore, indus... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=609093 |
Self-employment Immigrants and their children who self-identify as White have the highest probability of self-employment in lucrative industries such as professional services and finance. In contrast, racial and ethnic minorities are less likely than native-born Whites to be self-employed, with the exception of Asian i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=609093 |
Self-employment Additionally, half of the self-employment tax, i.e., the employer-equivalent portion, is allowed as a deduction against income. The 2010 Tax Relief Act reduced the self-employment tax by 2% for self-employment income earned in calendar year 2011, for a total of 13.3%. This rate will continue for income ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=609093 |
Self-employment Sole proprietors can also opt for a SIMPLE IRA, which allows them to contribute to employee retirement plans as well as their own retirement plan. Research has shown that levels of self-employment in the United States are increasing, and that under certain circumstances this can have positive effects on... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=609093 |
Self-employment The study notes that the gap could be due to underreporting of income by the self-employed. Alternatively, low-productivity workers could be losing their jobs and are forced to be self-employed. Further, some research shows that higher local unemployment rates lead workers to self-select into self-emplo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=609093 |
Self-employment Other legal responsibilities include statutory public liability insurance cover, modifying premises to be disabled-friendly, and the proper recording and accounting of financial transactions. Free advice on the range of responsibilities is available from government operated Business Link centres. Many p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=609093 |
Self-employment As indicated by the European Commission in 2010, there are "different understandings and definitions of the term self-employment across the countries, with a number of different subcategories defined: for instance, according to the legal status of the enterprise, whether the business has employees or no... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=609093 |
Self-employment As indicated by Eurofound in 2014, the diversity of the self-employed has attracted diverse forms of regulation, mainly decided at national level: "EU employment law addresses the self-employed mainly in narrowly specific areas such as free movement and equal treatment". As recommended by the European F... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=609093 |
Social market economy The social market economy (SOME; ), also called Rhine capitalism or social capitalism, is a socioeconomic model combining a free market capitalist economic system alongside social policies that establish both fair competition within the market and a welfare state. It is sometimes classified as a c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610895 |
Social market economy The "social" segment is often wrongly confused with socialism and democratic socialism and although aspects were inspired by the latter the social market approach rejects the socialist ideas of replacing private property and markets with social ownership and economic planning. The "social" element... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610895 |
Social market economy The concept of the model has since been expanded upon into the idea of an eco-social market economy as not only taking into account the social responsibility of humanity, but also the sustainable use and protection of natural resources. Social market economies aims to combine free initiative and s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610895 |
Social market economy In putting social policy on par with economic policy, Müller-Armack's concept was more emphatic regarding socio-political aims than the ordoliberal economic concept. This dual principle also appeared in the name of the model. Although the adjective "social" often attracted criticism as a decorativ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610895 |
Social market economy The concept of the social market economy received fundamental impulses from reflection and critique of historical economic and social orders, namely Smithian "laissez-faire" liberalism on the one hand and Marxian socialism on the other. Furthermore, various Third Way conceptions prepared the groun... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610895 |
Social market economy He vehemently and consistently argued against the view that models were converging. Further in contrast to Müller-Armack who emphasised the social aspect, for Erhard the social market economy was always first and foremost a market economic system. By proclaiming "the freer an economy is, the more ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610895 |
Social market economy Whereas most neoliberal economists viewed the concept not only as an economic path between the Scylla of an untamed pure "laissez-faire" capitalism and the Charybdis of a collectivist planned economy, but also as a holistic and democratic social order, Erhard and in particular Müller-Armack emphas... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610895 |
Social market economy He compared the so-called "neo-American model" of a capitalistic market economy introduced by the administrations of Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher with what he called Rhine capitalism, present in Germany, France and in some of the Northern European economies. While the neo-American model bui... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610895 |
Social market economy Social market economies also posit that government regulation and even sponsorship of markets can lead to superior economic outcomes as evidenced in government sponsorship of the Internet or basic securities regulation. The main elements of the social market economy in Germany are the following: T... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610895 |
Social market economy Chancellor Otto von Bismarck developed a program in which industry and state work closely to stimulate economic growth by giving workers greater security. To trump the militant socialists, Bismarck gave workers a corporate status in the legal and political structures of the German Empire. In March... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610895 |
Social market economy Frequently, the two schools of thought were believed to be the same, although the first emerged from the latter and among the members of the Freiburg School only the founders Walter Eucken and Franz Böhm belonged to the Freiburg Circles and conversely no member of the Freiburg Circles can be attri... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610895 |
Social market economy In drawing on both Eucken's ordoliberal competitive order and Wilhelm Röpke's economic humanism leading to a "Civitas Humana", the ordoliberal competitive order was further developed by the Cologne School around the economist and anthropologist Alfred Müller-Armack, who therefore coined the term "... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610895 |
Social market economy Although it is often viewed as a "mélange" of socio-political ideas rather than a precisely outlined theoretical order, the conception possessed an effective slogan, which facilitated its communication to both politics and the public. However, the eventual implementation required not only communic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610895 |
Social market economy Thereupon, the Chairman of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) in the British zone of occupation, Konrad Adenauer, invited Erhard to also inform the party members about his socio-economic conception at the party convention in Recklinghausen, Germany on 28 August 1948. In a visionary and stirring ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610895 |
Social market economy On 20 June 1948, the principles of the "social market economy" espoused by the CDU became the foundation of modern German economic policy: After the Christian Social Union (CSU) also expressed its commitment to a market economy with social balance and the then newly elected Bavarian Minister for E... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610895 |
Social market economy the CDU and the CSU) possessed a coherent and unifying economic programme enabling a more consistent public front, the oldest German political party, the Social Democratic Party (SPD), led by the advocate of economic planning and extensive socialisation Kurt Schumacher, did not introduce its own e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610895 |
Social market economy 5 per cent actually went to the ballot boxes and showed a clear commitment to the emerging post-war democracy. Although the SPD turned out to be the most successful single party by gaining 29.12 per cent of the votes, the CDU/CSU combined attracted more votes, totalling 31 per cent and 139 mandate... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610895 |
Social market economy Although the implementation of the social market economy benefited also from other crucial factors, including the East-West conflict and a favourable political and social climate within Germany and abroad, the stabilising alliance between the conservative and liberal parties, the pro-market compos... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610895 |
Social market economy Following World War II, the main political parties agreed on the nationalization of industry and close economic regulation. In the 1970s, Joseph introduced the idea as an alternative to the post-war consensus allowing free markets for competition and innovation whilst the role of government was to... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=610895 |
Residual value is one of the constituents of a leasing calculus or operation. It describes the future value of a good in terms of absolute value in monetary terms and it is sometimes abbreviated into a percentage of the initial price when the item was new. Example: A car is sold at a list price of $20,000 today. After ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=615976 |
Residual value The formula to calculate the residual value can be seen with the next example as follows: A company owns a machine which was bought for €20,000. This machine has a useful life of five years which has just ended. The company knows that if it sells the machine now it will be able to recover 10% of the pric... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=615976 |
Sensitivity analysis is the study of how the uncertainty in the output of a mathematical model or system (numerical or otherwise) can be divided and allocated to different sources of uncertainty in its inputs. A related practice is uncertainty analysis, which has a greater focus on uncertainty quantification and propag... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620083 |
Sensitivity analysis This requires, first, a quantification of the uncertainty in any model results (uncertainty analysis); and second, an evaluation of how much each input is contributing to the output uncertainty. addresses the second of these issues (although uncertainty analysis is usually a necessary precursor), p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620083 |
Sensitivity analysis Furthermore, by changing one variable at a time, one can keep all other variables fixed to their central or baseline values. This increases the comparability of the results (all 'effects' are computed with reference to the same central point in space) and minimizes the chances of computer programme... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620083 |
Sensitivity analysis The various types of "core methods" (discussed below) are distinguished by the various sensitivity measures which are calculated. These categories can somehow overlap. Alternative ways of obtaining these measures, under the constraints of the problem, can be given. Local derivative-based methods in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620083 |
Sensitivity analysis Variance-based methods are a class of probabilistic approaches which quantify the input and output uncertainties as probability distributions, and decompose the output variance into parts attributable to input variables and combinations of variables. The sensitivity of the output to an input variab... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620083 |
Sensitivity analysis Typically this calculation involves the use of Monte Carlo methods, but since this can involve many thousands of model runs, other methods (such as emulators) can be used to reduce computational expense when necessary. Note that full variance decompositions are only meaningful when the input factor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620083 |
Sensitivity analysis More importantly, VARS is able to provide relatively stable and statistically robust estimates of parameter sensitivity with much lower computational cost than other strategies (about two orders of magnitude more efficient). Noteworthy, it has been shown that there is a theoretical link between the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620083 |
Sensitivity analysis A number of methods have been developed to overcome some of the constraints discussed above, which would otherwise make the estimation of sensitivity measures infeasible (most often due to computational expense). Generally, these methods focus on efficiently calculating variance-based measures of s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620083 |
Sensitivity analysis Clearly, the crux of an emulator approach is to find an "η" (emulator) that is a sufficiently close approximation to the model "f". This requires the following steps, Sampling the model can often be done with low-discrepancy sequences, such as the Sobol sequence – due to mathematician Ilya M. Sobol... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620083 |
Sensitivity analysis From this perspective, HDMRs can be seen as emulators which neglect high-order interactions; the advantage is that they are able to emulate models with higher dimensionality than full-order emulators. The Fourier amplitude sensitivity test (FAST) uses the Fourier series to represent a multivariate ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620083 |
Sensitivity analysis The easiest way to invalidate a model is to demonstrate that it is fragile with respect to the uncertainty in the assumptions or to show that its assumptions have not been taken 'wide enough'. The same concept is expressed by Jerome R. Ravetz, for whom bad modeling is when "uncertainties in inputs ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620083 |
Sensitivity analysis In these cases, depending on model complexity, different sampling strategies may be advisable and traditional sensitivity indices have to be generalized to cover multiple model outputs, heteroskedastic effects and correlated inputs. In a decision problem, the analyst may want to identify cost drive... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620083 |
Sensitivity analysis This is basically an 'honesty is the best policy' approach, advocated by Leamer, (1978). can also be used in model-based policy assessment studies. can be used to assess the robustness of composite indicators, also known as indices, such as the Environmental Performance Index. is common in many are... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620083 |
Sensitivity analysis Modern engineering design makes extensive use of computer models to test designs before they are manufactured. allows designers to assess the effects and sources of uncertainties, in the interest of building robust models. In a meta analysis, a sensitivity analysis tests if the results are sensitiv... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620083 |
Sensitivity analysis , ones that are not so important in that respect) to be much more critical in a given situation than ones with larger weights. That is, a sensitivity analysis may shed light into issues not anticipated at the beginning of a study. This, in turn, may dramatically improve the effectiveness of the ini... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620083 |
Sensitivity analysis One application of sensitivity analysis addresses the question of "What's important to model or system development?" One can seek to identify important connections between observations, model inputs, and predictions or forecasts. That is, one can seek to understand what observations (measurements o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620083 |
Sensitivity analysis It may happen that a sensitivity analysis of a model-based study is meant to underpin an inference, and to certify its robustness, in a context where the inference feeds into a policy or decision making process. In these cases the framing of the analysis itself, its institutional context, and the m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620083 |
Sensitivity analysis Sensitivity auditing has been especially designed for an adversarial context, where not only the nature of the evidence, but also the degree of certainty and uncertainty associated to the evidence, will be the subject of partisan interests. Sensitivity auditing is recommended in the European Commis... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620083 |
Weston A. Price Foundation The (WAPF), co-founded in 1999 by Sally Fallon (Morell) and nutritionist Mary G. Enig, is a U.S. 501(c)(3) non-profit organization dedicated to "restoring nutrient-dense foods to the American diet through education, research and activism." The foundation has been criticized by the U.S. Food a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620730 |
Weston A. Price Foundation The sponsors include grass-fed meat and wild fish producers, as well as health product companies. A 2004 report published by the foundation stated that it is dedicated to "restoring nutrient-dense foods to the American diet through education, research and activism", and "supports a number of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620730 |
Weston A. Price Foundation The foundation is known for its positive stance towards the consumption of saturated fats and cholesterol from traditional foods, its support of local food and farms, and its opposition to veganism and some aspects of vegetarianism. The is a lobbying group that seeks to ban infant soy formula... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620730 |
Weston A. Price Foundation Food and Drug Administration Division of Plant- and Dairy-Food Safety, John Sheehan, called the organization's claims on the health benefits and safety of raw milk "false, devoid of scientific support, and misleading to consumers" Established with the help of the Foundation in July 2007, the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620730 |
Weston A. Price Foundation Quackwatch describes the Foundation as promoting "questionable dietary strategies" and Price's core assumptions as contrary to contemporary medical understanding. "Science-Based Medicine" evaluated the medical and nutritional claims of the Weston Price Foundation and concludes the website is ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620730 |
Man, Economy, and State Man, Economy, and State: A Treatise on Economic Principles is a 1962 book of Austrian School economics by Murray Rothbard. When originally published in 1962, the final eight chapters were removed by the publisher; these were later published as "Power and Market" in 1970. The 2009 edition publish... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=620909 |
Learning economy A learning economy is a society that values skills like assets, where learning and employment information is readily exchanged from institution to institution, and controlled by the learner and worker. Modern economies can be characterised as learning economies in which knowledge is the crucial resourc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=624918 |
Learning economy Blockchain has many applications in education including verifying the integrity of skills, returning the control of identity to the students, and defining research provenance. In April of 2019, research was published at Harvard Kennedy School making a case for a new form of Economy Corporation (E-Corp)... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=624918 |
Learning economy , disconnected from land, labour, and physical capital (machines and industrial infrastructure) and also capital in terms of fund was associated with the 'business management' literature of the 'new economy' NASDAQ bubble, which collapsed in 2001 (but slowly recovered, albeit, in a leaner format, throu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=624918 |
Equity loan An equity loan refers to lending secured by property. In the UK an equity loan is additional borrowing, normally secured as a subsequent charge, as a top-up to the amount a home owner/purchaser can borrow from a main mortgage provider. Often used by builders to encourage house sales but now also used by the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=626139 |
Equity loan The interest rate applied to equity loans is much lower than that applied to unsecured loans, such as credit card debt. The reasoning behind this is that equity loans involve collateral, and credit card debt does not. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=626139 |
Socialism is a political, social and economic philosophy encompassing a range of economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production and workers' self-management of enterprises. It includes the political theories and movements associated with such systems. Social ownership can be pu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26847 |
Socialism Socialist politics has been both internationalist and nationalist in orientation; organised through political parties and opposed to party politics; at times overlapping with trade unions and at other times independent and critical of them; and present in both industrialised and developing nations. Social dem... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26847 |
Socialism By the 1920s, communism and social democracy had become the two dominant political tendencies within the international socialist movement, with socialism itself becoming the most influential secular movement of the 20th century. While the emergence of the Soviet Union as the world's first nominally socialist ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26847 |
Socialism The original utopian socialists condemned this doctrine of individualism for failing to address social concerns during the Industrial Revolution, including poverty, oppression and vast inequalities in wealth. They viewed their society as harming community life by basing society on competition. They presented ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26847 |
Socialism It was not until after the Bolshevik Revolution that "socialism" was appropriated by Vladimir Lenin to mean a stage between capitalism and communism. He used it to defend the Bolshevik program from Marxist criticism that Russia's productive forces were not sufficiently developed for communism. The distinction... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26847 |
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