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For each elliptic curve A over the rational numbers we construct a 2-periodic S^1-equivariant cohomology theory E whose cohomology ring is the sheaf cohomology of A; the homology of the sphere of the representation z^n is the cohomology of the divisor A(n) of points with order dividing n. The construction proceeds by using the algebraic models of the author's AMS Memoir ``Rational S^1 equivariant homotopy theory.'' and is natural and explicit in terms of sheaves of functions on A. This is Version 5.2 of a paper of long genesis (this should be the final version). The following additional topics were first added in the Fourth Edition: (a) periodicity and differentials treated (b) dependence on coordinate (c) relationship with Grojnowksi's construction and, most importantly, (d) equivalence between a derived category of O_A-modules and a derived category of EA-modules. The Fifth Edition included (e) the Hasse square and (f) explanation of how to calculate maps of EA-module spectra. | Rational S^1-equivariant elliptic cohomology | 12,700 |
The $A(\inft)$-algebra structure in homology of a DG-algebra is constructed. This structure is unique up to isomorphism of $A(\infty)$ algebras. Connection of this structure with Massey products is indicated. The notion of $A(\infty)$-module over an $A(\infty)$-algebra is introduced and such a structure is constructed in homology of a DG-modules over a DG-algebra. The theory of twisted tensor products is generalized from the case of DG-algebras to the case of $A(\infty)$-algebras. These algebraic results are used to describe homology of classifying spaces, cohomology of loop spaces, and homology of fibre bundles. | On the homology theory of fibre spaces | 12,701 |
We compute the mod 2 homology of spin mapping class groups in the stable range. In earlier work we computed the stable mod p homology of the oriented mapping class group, and the methods and results here are very similar. The forgetful map from the spin mapping class group to the oriented mapping class groups induces a homology isomorphism for odd p but for p=2 it is far from being an isomorphism. We include a general discussion of tangential structures on 2-manifolds and their mapping class groups and then specialise to spin structures. As in Madsen and Weiss' solution to Mumford's conjecture, the stable homology is the homology of the zero space of a certain Thom spectrum. | Mod 2 homology of the stable spin mapping class group | 12,702 |
We calculate a certain homological obstruction introduced by De Concini, Procesi and Salvetti in their study of the Schwartz genus of the fibration from the space of ordered configuration of points in the plane to the space of the unordered configurations. We show that their obstruction group vanishes in almost all, but not all, the hitherto unknown cases. It follows that if $n$ is not a power of a prime, or twice the power of a prime, then the genus is less than $n$. The case of $n=2p^k$ where $p$ is an odd prime remains undecided for some $p$ and $k$. | A note on the homology of $Σ_n$, the Schwartz genus, and solving
polynomial equations | 12,703 |
Lie groupoids generalize transformation groups, and so provide a natural language for studying orbifolds and other noncommutative geometries. In this paper, we investigate a connection between orbifolds and equivariant stable homotopy theory using such groupoids. A different sort of twisted sector, along with a classical theorem of tom Dieck, allows for a natural definition of stable orbifold homotopy groups, and motivates defining extended unstable orbifold homotopy groups generalizing previous definitions. | Orbifolds and stable homotopy groups | 12,704 |
In this paper, we investigate the properties of the category of equivariant diagram spectra indexed on the category W_G of based G-spaces homeomorphic to finite G-CW-complexes for a compact Lie group G. Using the machinery of Mandell, May, Schwede, and Shipley, we show that there is a "stable model structure" on this category of diagram spectra which admits a monoidal Quillen equivalence to the category of orthogonal G-spectra. We construct a second "absolute stable model structure" which is Quillen equivalent to the "stable model structure". Our main result is a concrete identification of the fibrant objects in the absolute stable model structure. There is a model-theoretic identification of the fibrant continuous functors in the absolute stable model structure as functors Z such that for A in W_G the collection {Z(A smash S^W)} form an Omega-G-prespectrum as W varies over the universe U. We show that a functor is fibrant if and only if it takes G-homotopy pushouts to G-homotopy pullbacks and is suitably compatible with equivariant Atiyah duality for orbit spaces G/H_+ which embed in U. Our motivation for this work is the development of a recognition principle for equivariant infinite loop spaces. | Continuous functors as a model for the equivariant stable homotopy
category | 12,705 |
Using methods applied by Atiyah in equivariant K-theory, Bredon obtained exact sequences for the relative cohomologies (with rational coefficients) of the equivariant skeletons of (sufficiently nice) T-spaces, T=(S^1)^n, with free equivariant cohomology over the cohomology of BT. Here we characterise those finite T-CW complexes with connected isotropy groups for which an analogous result holds with integral coefficients. | Exact cohomology sequences with integral coefficients for torus actions | 12,706 |
We refine our earlier work on the existence and uniqueness of E-infinity structures on K-theoretic spectra to show that at each prime p, the connective Adams summand has an essentially unique structure as a commutative S-algebra. For the p-completion we show that the McClure-Staffeldt model for it is equivalent as an E-infinity ring spectrum to the connective cover of the periodic Adams summand. We establish Bousfield equivalence between the connective cover, c(E_n), of the Lubin-Tate spectrum E_n and BP<n> and propose c(E_n) as an E-infinity approximation to the latter. | Uniqueness of $E_\infty$ structures for connective covers | 12,707 |
We compute the structure relations in special A_\infty-bialgebras whose operations are limited to those defining the underlying A_\infty-(co)algebra substructure. Such bialgebras appear as the homology of certain loop spaces. Whereas structure relations in general A_\infty-bialgebras depend upon the combinatorics of permutahedra, only Stasheff's associahedra are required here. | Structure Relations in Special A_\infty-bialgebras | 12,708 |
The aim of this paper is to gain explicit information about the multiplicative structure of l_*l, where l is the connective Adams summand. Our approach differs from Kane's or Lellmann's because our main technical tool is the MU-based Kuenneth spectral sequence. We prove that the algebra structure on l_*l is inherited from the multiplication on a Koszul resolution of l_*BP. | On the cooperation algebra of the connective Adams summand | 12,709 |
We characterize H-spaces which are p-torsion Postnikov pieces of finite type by a cohomological property together with a necessary acyclicity condition. When the mod p cohomology of an H-space is finitely generated as an algebra over the Steenrod algebra we prove that its homotopy groups behave like those of a finite complex. | Relating Postnikov pieces with the Krull filtration: A spin-off of
Serre's theorem | 12,710 |
We investigate the existence of an H-space structure on the function space, F_*(X,Y,*), of based maps in the component of the trivial map between two pointed connected CW-complexes X and Y. For that, we introduce the notion of H(n)-space and prove that we have an H-space structure on F_*(X,Y,*) if Y is an H(n)-space and X is of Lusternik-Schnirelmann category less than or equal to n. When we consider the rational homotopy type of nilpotent finite type CW-complexes, the existence of an H(n)-space structure can be easily detected on the minimal model and coincides with the differential length considered by Y. Kotani. When X is finite, using the Haefliger model for function spaces, we can prove that the rational cohomology of F_*(X,Y,*) is free commutative if the rational cup length of X is strictly less than the differential length of Y, generalizing a recent result of Y. Kotani. | H-space structure on pointed mapping spaces | 12,711 |
Following Krause \cite{Kr}, we prove Krull-Schmidt type decomposition theorems for thick subcategories of various triangulated categories including the derived categories of rings, Noetherian stable homotopy categories, stable module categories over Hopf algebras, and the stable homotopy category of spectra. In all these categories, it is shown that the thick ideals of small objects decompose uniquely into indecomposable thick ideals. We also discuss some consequences of these decomposition results. In particular, it is shown that all these decompositions respect K-theory. | Krull-Schmidt decompositions for thick subcategories | 12,712 |
Let E be a ring spectrum for which the E-Adams spectral sequence converges. We define a variant of Mahowald's root invariant called the `filtered root invariant' which takes values in the E_1 term of the E-Adams spectral sequence. The main theorems of this paper concern when these filtered root invariants detect the actual root invariant, and explain a relationship between filtered root invariants and differentials and compositions in the E-Adams spectral sequence. These theorems are compared to some known computations of root invariants at the prime 2. We use the filtered root invariants to compute some low dimensional root invariants of v_1-periodic elements at the prime 3. We also compute the root invariants of some infinite v_1-periodic families of elements at the prime 3. | Root invariants in the Adams spectral sequence | 12,713 |
The first part of this paper consists of lecture notes which summarize the machinery of filtered root invariants. A conceptual notion of "homotopy Greek letter element" is also introduced, and evidence is presented that it may be related to the root invariant. In the second part we compute some low dimensional root invariants of v_1-periodic elements at the prime 2. | Some root invariants at the prime 2 | 12,714 |
Using degree N isogenies of elliptic curves, we produce a spectrum Q(N). This spectrum is built out of spectra related to tmf. At p=3 we show that the K(2)-local sphere is built out of Q(2) and its K(2)-local Spanier-Whitehead dual. This gives a conceptual reinterpretation a resolution of Goerss, Henn, Mahowald, and Rezk. | A modular description of the K(2)-local sphere at the prime 3 | 12,715 |
Let G be a compact connected Lie group and p : E \to {\Sigma}^2V a principal G-bundle with a characteristic map \alpha : A={\Sigma}V \to G. By combining cone decomposition arguments in Iwase-Mimura-Nishimoto [3,5] with computations of higher Hopf invariants introduced in Iwase [8], we generalize the result in Iwase-Mimura [12]: Let {F_{i}|0 \leq i \leq m} be a cone-decomposition of G with a canonical structure map \sigma_{i} of cat(F_{i}) \leq i for i \leq m. We have cat(E) \leq \Max(m+n,m+2) for n \geq 1, if \alpha is compressible into F_{n} \subseteq F_{m} \simeq G and H^{\sigma_n}_n(\alpha) = 0, under a suitable compatibility condition. On the other hand, calculations of Hamanaka-Kono [3] and Ishitoya-Kono-Toda [5] on spinor groups yields a lower estimate for the L-S category of spinor groups by means of a new computable invariant Mwgt(-;{mathbb{F}_2}) which is stronger than wgt(-;{\mathbb{F}_2}) introduced in Rudyak [16] and Strom [18]. As a result, we obtain cat(Spin(9)) = Mwgt(Spin(9);\mathbb{F}_2) = 8 > 6 = wgt(Spin(9);\mathbb{F}_2). | Lusternik-Schnirelmann category of Spin{9} | 12,716 |
We introduce the notion of a matrad M = {M_{n,m}} whose submodules M_{*,1} and M_{1,*} are non-Sigma operads. We define the free matrad H_{\infty} generated by a singleton in each bidegree (m,n) and realize H_{\infty} as the cellular chains on biassociahedra KK_{n,m} = KK_{m,n}, of which KK_{n,1} = KK_{1,n} is the associahedron K_{n}. We construct the universal enveloping functor from matrads to PROPs and define an A_{\infty}-bialgebra as an algebra over H_{\infty}. | Matrads, Biassociahedra and A_{\infty}-Bialgebras | 12,717 |
Let MS_2 be the p-primary second Morava stabilizer group, C a supersingular elliptic curve over \br{FF}_p, O the ring of endomorphisms of C, and \ell a topological generator of Z_p^x (respectively Z_2^x/{+-1} if p = 2). We show that for p > 2 the group \Gamma \subseteq O[1/\ell]^x of quasi-endomorphisms of degree a power of \ell is dense in MS_2. For p = 2, we show that \Gamma is dense in an index 2 subgroup of MS_2. | Isogenies of elliptic curves and the Morava stabilizer group | 12,718 |
If Y is a diagram of spectra indexed by an arbitrary poset C together with a specified sub-poset D, we define the total cofibre \Gamma (Y) of Y as the strict cofibre of the map from hocolim_D (Y) to hocolim_C (Y). We construct a comparison map from the homotopy limit of Y to a looping of a fibrant replacement of Gamma (Y), and characterise those poset pairs (C,D) for which this comparison map is a stable equivalence. The characterisation is given in terms of stable cohomotopy of spaces related to C and D. For example, if C is a finite polytopal complex with underlying space an m-ball with boundary sphere D, then holim_C (Y) and \Gamma(Y) agree up to m-fold looping and up to stable equivalence. As an application of the general result we give a spectral sequence for the homotopy groups of \Gamma(Y) with E_2-term involving higher derived inverse limits of \pi_* (Y), generalising earlier constructions for space-valued diagrams indexed by the face lattice of a polytope. | Total Cofibres of Diagrams of Spectra | 12,719 |
The f-invariant is an injective homomorphism from the 2-line of the Adams-Novikov spectral sequence to a group which is closely related to divided congruences of elliptic modular forms. We compute the f-invariant for two infinite families of beta-elements and explain the relation of the arithmetic of divided congruences with the Kervaire invariant one problem. | Beta-elements and divided congruences | 12,720 |
The work treats smoothing and dispersive properties of solutions to the Schrodinger equation with magnetic potential. Under suitable smallness assumption on the potential involving scale invariant norms we prove smoothing - Strichartz estimate for the corresponding Cauchy problem. An application that guarantees absence of pure point spectrum of the corresponding perturbed Laplace operator is discussed too. | Smoothing - Strichartz Estimates for the Schrodinger Equation with small
Magnetic Potential | 12,721 |
For certain manifolds with an involution the mod 2 cohomology ring of the set of fixed points is isomorphic to the cohomology ring of the manifold, up to dividing the degrees by two. Examples include complex projective spaces and Grassmannians with the standard antiholomorphic involution (with real projective spaces and Grassmannians as fixed point sets). Hausmann, Holm and Puppe have put this observation in the framework of equivariant cohomology, and come up with the concept of "conjugation spaces", where the ring homomorphisms arise naturally from the existence of what they call "cohomology frames". Much earlier, Borel and Haefliger had studied the degree-halving isomorphism between the cohomology rings of complex and real projective spaces and Grassmannians using the theory of complex and real analytic cycles and cycle maps into cohomology. The main result in the present note gives a (purely topological) connection between these two results and provides a geometric intuition between the concept of a cohomology frame. In particular, we see that if every cohomology class on a manifold X with involution is the Thom class of an equivariant topological cycle of codimension twice the codimension of its fixed points (inside the fixed point set of X), these topological cycles will give rise to a cohomology frame. | Geometric cohomology frames on Hausmann-Holm-Puppe conjugation spaces | 12,722 |
Let $X$ be a finite simply connected CW complex of dimension $n$. The loop space homology $H\_*(\Omega X;\mathbb Q)$ is the universal enveloping algebra of a graded Lie algebra $L\_X$ isomorphic with $ pi\_{*-1} (X)\otimes \mathbb Q$. Let $Q\_X \subset L\_X$ be a minimal generating subspace, and set $\alpha = \limsup\_i \frac{\log{\scriptsize rk} \pi\_i(X)}{i}$. Theorem: If ${dim} L\_X = \infty$ and $\limsup ({dim} (Q\_X)\_k)^{1/k} < \limsup ({dim} (L\_X)\_k)^{1/k}$ then $$\sum\_{i=1}^{n-1} {rk} \pi\_{k+i}(X) = e^{(\alpha + \epsilon\_k)k} \hspace{1cm} {where} \epsilon\_k \to 0 {as} k\to \infty.$$ In particular $\displaystyle\sum\_{i=1}^{n-1} {rk} \pi\_{k+i}(X)$ grows exponentially in $k$. | Exponential growth of Lie algebras of finite global dimension | 12,723 |
An action of A on X is a map F: AxX to X such that F|_X = id: X to X. The restriction F|_A: A to X of an action is called a cyclic map. Special cases of these notions include group actions and the Gottlieb groups of a space, each of which has been studied extensively. We prove some general results about actions and their Eckmann-Hilton duals. For instance, we classify the actions on an H-space that are compatible with the H-structure. As a corollary, we prove that if any two actions F and F' of A on X have cyclic maps f and f' with Omega(f) = Omega(f'), then Omega(F) and Omega(F') give the same action of Omega(A) on Omega(X). We introduce a new notion of the category of a map g and prove that g is cocyclic if and only if the category is less than or equal to 1. From this we conclude that if g is cocyclic, then the Berstein-Ganea category of g is <= 1. We also briefly discuss the relationship between a map being cyclic and its cocategory being <= 1. | Homotopy Actions, Cyclic Maps and their Duals | 12,724 |
Let E be an H-space acting on a based space X. Then we refer to ev: E -> X, the map obtained by acting on the base point of X, as a ``generalized evaluation map." We establish several fundamental results about the rational homotopy behaviour of a generalized evaluation map, all of which apply to the usual evaluation map Map(X,X;1)->X. With mild hypotheses on X, we show that a generalized evaluation map ev factors, up to rational homotopy, through a map Gamma_ev: S_ev -> X where S_ev is a (relatively small) finite product of odd-dimensional spheres and the map induced by Gamma_ev on rational homotopy groups is injective. This result has strong consequences: if the image in rational homotopy groups of ev is trivial, then the generalized evaluation map is null-homotopic after rationalization; unless X satisfies a very strong splitting condition, any generalized evaluation map induces the trivial homomorphism in rational cohomology; the map Gamma_ev is rationally a homotopy monomorphism and a generalized evaluation map may be written as a composition of a homotopy epimorphism and this homotopy monomorphism. We include illustrative examples and prove numerous subsidiary results of interest. | Evaluation Maps in Rational Homotopy | 12,725 |
We investigate a dense subgroup Gamma of the second Morava stabilizer group given by a certain group of quasi-isogenies of a supersingular elliptic curve in characteristic p. The group Gamma acts on the Bruhat-Tits building for GL_2(Q_l) through its action on the l-adic Tate module. This action has finite stabilizers, giving a small resolution for the homotopy fixed point spectrum (E_2^hGamma)^hGal by spectra of topological modular forms. Here, E_2 is a version of Morava E-theory and Gal = Gal(barF_p/F_p). | Buildings, elliptic curves, and the K(2)-local sphere | 12,726 |
We prove that the coefficients of the so-called conjugation equation for conjugation spaces in the sense of Hausmann-Holm-Puppe are completely determined by Steenrod squares. This generalises a result of V.A. Krasnov for certain complex algebraic varieties. It also leads to a generalisation of a formula given by Borel and Haefliger, thereby largely answering an old question of theirs in the affirmative. | Steenrod squares on conjugation spaces | 12,727 |
The contribution of this PhD thesis is to construct for each vector bundle $\xi$ an orthogonal ring spectrum $R$, weakly equivalent to $S[\Omega M]$, together with an involution on $R$. On the homotopy groups $\pi_*S[\Omega M]$ our involution corresponds to parallel transportation in $\xi$, and reversing loops in $M$. The main result is theorem 4.3.26. The orthogonal ring spectrum $R$ with involution is intended as input for $LA$, $K$, $TC$ and $THH$, the ultimate goal is to compute homotopy groups of automorphism groups. We take a first step in this direction by considering the definition and a few basic properties of $TC(L)$ and $THH(L)$ for arbitrary orthogonal ring spectra $L$ (with involution). | Involutions on $S[ΩM]$ | 12,728 |
In this paper we explore the possibility of defining p-local finite groups in terms of transfer properties of their classifying spaces. More precisely, we consider the question posed by Haynes Miller, whether an equivalent theory can be obtained by studying triples (f,t,X), where X is a p-complete, nilpotent space with finite fundamental group, f is a map from the classifying space of a finite p-group, and t is a stable retraction of f satisfying Frobenius reciprocity at the level of stable homotopy. We refer to t as a retractive transfer of f and to (f,t,X) as a retractive transfer triple over S. In the case where S is elementary abelian, we answer this question in the affirmative by showing that a retractive transfer triple (f,t,X) over S does indeed induce a p-local finite group over S with X as its classifying space. Conversely, we show that for a p-local finite group over any finite p-group S, the natural inclusion of BS into the classifying space of the p-local finite group has a retractive transfer t, making the triple consisting of the inclusion, the retractive transfer and the classifying space of the p-local finite group a retractive transfer triple over S. This also requires a proof, obtained jointly with Ran Levi, that the classifying space of a p-local finite group is a nilpotent space, which is of independent interest. | Retractive transfers and p-local finite groups | 12,729 |
Let G be a discrete group for which the classifying space for proper G-actions is finite-dimensional. We find a space W such that for any such G, the classifying space PBG for proper G-bundles has the homotopy type of the W-nullification of BG. We use this to deduce some results concerning PBG and in some cases where there is a good model for PBG we obtain information about the BZ/p-nullification of BG. | Nullification functors and the homotopy type of the classifying space
for proper bundles | 12,730 |
Let P be a closed triangulated manifold, dim P=n. We consider the group of simplicial 1-chains C_1(P) and the homology group H_1(P). We also use some nonnegative weighting function L on C_1(P). For any homological class from H_1(P) method proposed in article builds a cycle z with minimal weight L(z). The main idea is in using a simplicial scheme of space of the regular covering with automorphism group H_1(P). We construct this covering applying index function relative to any basis of group H_{n-1}(P). | Index Function and Minimal Cycles | 12,731 |
Vassiliev's spectral sequence for long knots is discussed. Briefly speaking we study what happens if the strata of non-immersions are ignored. Various algebraic structures on the spectral sequence are introduced. General theorems about these structures imply, for example, that the bialgebra of chord diagrams is polynomial for any field of coefficients. | What is 1-term relation for higher homology of long knots | 12,732 |
For every stable model category $\mathcal{M}$ with a certain extra structure, we produce an associated model structure on the pro-category pro-$\mathcal{M}$ and a spectral sequence, analogous to the Atiyah-Hirzebruch spectral sequence, with reasonably good convergence properties for computing in the homotopy category of pro-$\mathcal{M}$. Our motivating example is the category of pro-spectra. The extra structure referred to above is a t-model structure. This is a rigidification of the usual notion of a t-structure on a triangulated category. A t-model structure is a proper simplicial stable model category $\mathcal{M}$ with a t-structure on its homotopy category together with an additional factorization axiom. | T-model structures | 12,733 |
We introduce a notion of a filtered model structure and use this notion to produce various model structures on pro-categories. This framework generalizes several known examples. We give several examples, including a homotopy theory for $G$-spaces, where $G$ is a pro-finite group. The class of weak equivalences is an approximation to the class of underlying weak equivalences. | Model structures on pro-categories | 12,734 |
We discuss the Bousfield localization $L_E X$ for any spectrum $E$ and any $HR$-module $X$, where $R$ is a ring with unit. Due to the splitting property of $HR$-modules, it is enough to study the localization of Eilenberg-Mac Lane spectra. Using general results about stable $f$-localizations, we give a method to compute the localization of an Eilenberg-Mac Lane spectrum $L_E HG$ for any spectrum $E$ and any abelian group $G$. We describe $L_E HG$ explicitly when $G$ is one of the following: finitely generated abelian groups, $p$-adic integers, Pr\"ufer groups, and subrings of the rationals. The results depend basically on the $E$-acyclicity patterns of the spectrum $H\Q$ and the spectrum $H\Z/p$ for each prime $p$. | Homological localizations of Eilenberg-Mac Lane spectra | 12,735 |
In this paper we compute the homology of the braid groups, with coefficients in the module Z[q^+-1] given by the ring of Laurent polynomials with integer coefficients and where the action of the braid group is defined by mapping each generator of the standard presentation to multiplication by -q. The homology thus computed is isomorphic to the homology with constant coefficients of the Milnor fiber of the discriminantal singularity. | The homology of the Milnor fiber for classical braid groups | 12,736 |
In this paper, we prove a version of Freyd's generating hypothesis for triangulated categories: if D is a cocomplete triangulated category and S is an object in D whose endomorphism ring is graded commutative and concentrated in degree zero, then S generates (in the sense of Freyd) the thick subcategory determined by S if and only if the endomorphism ring of S is von Neumann regular. As a corollary, we obtain that the generating hypothesis is true in the derived category of a commutative ring R if and only if R is von Neumann regular. We also investigate alternative formulations of the generating hypothesis in the derived category. Finally, we give a characterization of the Noetherian stable homotopy categories in which the generating hypothesis is true. | The generating hypothesis in the derived category of R-modules | 12,737 |
We explain how the notion of homotopy colimits gives rise to that of mapping spaces, even in categories which are not simplicial. We apply the technique of model approximations and use elementary properties of the category of spaces to be able to construct resolutions. We prove that the homotopy category of any monoidal model category is always a central algebra over the homotopy category of Spaces. | Representations of Spaces | 12,738 |
For a path-connected space X, a well-known theorem of Segal, May and Milgram asserts that the configuration space of finite points in R^n with labels in X is weakly homotopy equivalent to the n-th loop-suspension of X. In this paper, we introduce a space I_n(X) of intervals suitably topologized in R^n with labels in a space X and show that it is weakly homotopy equivalent to n-th loop-suspension of X without the assumption on path-connectivity. | The space of intervals in a Euclidean space | 12,739 |
In this paper, we introduce a Hopf algebra, developed by the author and Andre Henriques, which is usable in the computation of the tmf homology of a space. As an application, we compute the tmf homology of BSigma_3 in a manner analogous to Mahowald's computation of the ko homology RP^infty. | The 3-local tmf homology of BSigma_3 | 12,740 |
Let $M$ be a closed oriented $d$-dimensionnal manifold and let $LM$ be the space of free loops on $M$. In this paper, we give a geometrical interpretation of the loop coproduct and we study it's compatibility with the Serre spectral sequence associated to the fibration $\Omega M \to LM \to M$. Then, we show that the spectral sequence associated to the free loop fibration $LN \to LX \to LM$ of some Serre fibration $N \to X \to M$ is a spectral sequence of Frobenius algebra. | The loop-coproduct spectral sequence | 12,741 |
We provide general conditions under which the algebras for a coloured operad in a monoidal model category carry a Quillen model structure, and prove a Comparison Theorem to the effect that a weak equivalence between suitable such operads induces a Quillen equivalence between their categories of algebras. We construct an explicit Boardman-Vogt style cofibrant resolution for coloured operads, thereby giving a uniform approach to algebraic structures up to homotopy over coloured operads. The Comparison Theorem implies that such structures can be rectified. | Resolution of coloured operads and rectification of homotopy algebras | 12,742 |
Algebraic topological methods have been used successfully in concurrency theory, the domain of theoretical computer science that deals with distributed computing. L. Fajstrup, E. Goubault, and M. Raussen have introduced partially ordered spaces (pospaces) as a model for concurrent systems. In this paper it is shown that the category of pospaces under a fixed pospace is both a fibration and a cofibration category in the sense of H. Baues. The homotopy notion in this fibration and cofibration category is relative directed homotopy. It is also shown that the category of pospaces is a closed model category such that the homotopy notion is directed homotopy. | Relative directed homotopy theory of partially ordered spaces | 12,743 |
The standard reduced bar complex B(A) of a differential graded algebra A inherits a natural commutative algebra structure if A is a commutative algebra. We address an extension of this construction in the context of E-infinity algebras. We prove that the bar complex of any E-infinity algebra can be equipped with the structure of an E-infinity algebra so that the bar construction defines a functor from E-infinity algebras to E-infinity algebras. We prove the homotopy uniqueness of such natural E-infinity structures on the bar construction. We apply our construction to cochain complexes of topological spaces, which are instances of E-infinity algebras. We prove that the n-th iterated bar complexes of the cochain algebra of a space X is equivalent to the cochain complex of the n-fold iterated loop space of X, under reasonable connectedness, completeness and finiteness assumptions on X. | The bar complex of an E-infinity algebra | 12,744 |
In 1945, R. Fox introduced the so-called Fox torus homotopy groups in which the usual homotopy groups are embedded and their Whitehead products are expressed as commutators. A modern treatment of Fox torus homotopy groups and their generalization has been given and studied. In this note, we further explore these groups and their properties. We discuss co-multiplications on Fox spaces and a Jacobi identity for the generalized Whitehead products and the $\Gamma$-Whitehead products. | On Fox spaces and Jacobi identities | 12,745 |
The cell-attachment problem, perhaps first studied by J.H.C. Whitehead around 1940, asks one to describe the effect of attaching one or more cells, on the algebraic invariants of a topological space. This thesis studies the effect of cell attachments on loop space homology. It generalizes previous work by D. Anick on spherical 2-cones, and S. Halperin, J.-M. Lemaire and others on inert attaching maps. It is assumed that the loop space homology of the base space is torsion-free. Two classes of attaching maps are introduced: free and semi-inert attaching maps. For these cases, the loop space homology is calculated as a module and as an algebra, respectively, and is shown to have a surprisingly simple form. These results are also presented in terms of extensions of differential graded algebras. The second part of the thesis uses Adams-Hilton models and the previous results to prove that the loop space homology of certain CW complexes is generated by Hurewicz images. This can sometimes be used to show that the loop space of a finite complex is, after localizing away from finitely many primes, homotopy equivalent to a product of spheres and loops on spheres. A lemma, which may of independent interest, generalizes the Schreier property, which states that a Lie subalgebra of a free (graded) Lie algebra is also a free Lie algebra. | Cell attachments and the homology of loop spaces and differential graded
algebras | 12,746 |
For a compact Lie group $G$ with maximal torus $T$, Pittie and Smith showed that the flag variety $G/T$ is always a stably framed boundary. We generalize this to the category of $p$-compact groups, where the geometric argument is replaced by a homotopy theoretic argument showing that the class in the stable homotopy groups of spheres represented by $G/T$ is trivial, even $G$-equivariantly. As an application, we consider an unstable construction of a $G$-space mimicking the adjoint representation sphere of $G$ inspired by work of the second author and Kitchloo. This construction stably and $G$-equivariantly splits off its top cell, which is then shown to be a dualizing spectrum for $G$. | Adjoint spaces and flag varieties of p-compact groups | 12,747 |
We prove the following two new optimal immersion results for complex projective space. First, if n equiv 3 mod 8 but n not equiv 3 mod 64, and alpha(n)=7, then CP^n can be immersed in R^{4n-14}. Second, if n is even and alpha(n)=3, then CP^n can be immersed in R^{4n-4}. Here alpha(n) denotes the number of 1's in the binary expansion of n. The first contradicts a result of Crabb, who said that such an immersion does not exist, apparently due to an arithmetic mistake. | Some new immersion results for complex projective space | 12,748 |
Let {X_i} be a tower of discrete G-spectra, each of which is fibrant as a spectrum, so that X=holim_i X_i is a continuous G-spectrum, with homotopy fixed point spectrum X^{hG}. The E_2-term of the descent spectral sequence for \pi_*(X^{hG}) cannot always be expressed as continuous cohomology. However, we show that the E_2-term is always built out of a certain complex of spectra, that, in the context of abelian groups, is used to compute the continuous cochain cohomology of G with coefficients in lim_i M_i, where {M_i} is a tower of discrete G-modules. | The E_2-term of the descent spectral sequence for continuous G-spectra | 12,749 |
We study a spectral sequence that computes the (mod 2) S^1-equivariant homology of the free loop space LM of a manifold M (the "string homology" of M). Using it and knowledge of the string topology operations on the homology of LM, we compute the string homology of M when M is a sphere or a projective space. | String homology of spheres and projective spaces | 12,750 |
This article records basic topological, as well as homological properties of the space of homomorphisms Hom(L,G) where L is a finitely generated discrete group, and G is a Lie group, possibly non-compact. If L is a free abelian group of rank equal to n, then Hom(L,G) is the space of ordered n-tuples of commuting elements in G. If G=SU(2), a complete calculation of the cohomology of these spaces is given for n=2, 3. An explicit stable splitting of these spaces is also obtained, as a special case of a more general splitting. | Commuting Elements and Spaces of Homomorphisms | 12,751 |
This is a (slightly edited) version of the PhD dissertation of the author, submitted to Brown University in July 2005. We construct a homotopy calculus of functors in the sense of Goodwillie for the categories of rational homotopy theory. More precisely, given a homotopy functor between any of the categories of differential graded vector spaces (DG), reduced differential graded vector spaces, differential graded Lie algebras (DGL), and differential graded coalgebras (DGC), we show that there is an associated approximating "rational Taylor tower" of excisive functors. The fibers in this tower are homogeneous functors which factor as homogeneous endomorphisms of the category of differential graded vector spaces. Furthermore, we develop very straightforward and simple models for all of the objects in this tower. Constructing these models entails first building very simple models for homotopy pushouts and pullbacks in the categories DG, DGL, and DGC. We end with a short example of the usefulness of our computationally simple models for rational Taylor towers, as well as a preview of some further results dealing with the structure of rational (and non-rational) Taylor towers. | Rational Homotopy Calculus of Functors | 12,752 |
In this paper, we prove an equivariant version of the classical Dold-Thom theorem. Associated to a finite group, a CW-complex on which this group acts and a covariant coefficient system in the sense of Bredon, we functorially construct a topological abelian group by the coend construction. Then we prove that the homotopy groups of this topological abelian group are naturally isomorphic to the Bredon equivariant homology of the CW-complex. At the end we present several examples of this result. | A Functor Converting Equivariant Homology to Homotopy | 12,753 |
D. D. Long and A. W. Reid have shown that some compact flat 3-manifold cannot be diffeomorphic to a cusp cross-section of any complete finite volume 1-cusped real hyperbolic 4-manifold. This note concerns the complex hyperbolic case. We give a negative answer that there exists a 3-dimensional closed Heisenberg infranilmanifold which cannot be diffeomorphic to a cusp cross-section of any complete finite volume 1-cusped complex hyperbolic 2-manifold. | Nonexistence of cusp cross-section of one-cusped complete complex
hyperbolic manifolds II | 12,754 |
We investigate the relationship between differential graded algebras (dgas) and topological ring spectra. Every dga C gives rise to an Eilenberg-Mac Lane ring spectrum denoted HC. If HC and HD are weakly equivalent, then we say C and D are topologically equivalent. Quasi-isomorphic dgas are topologically equivalent, but we produce explicit counter-examples of the converse. We also develop an associated notion of topological Morita equivalence using a homotopical version of tilting. | Topological equivalences for differential graded algebras | 12,755 |
We want to investigate 'spaces' where paths have a 'weight', or 'cost', expressing length, duration, price, energy, etc. The weight function is not assumed to be invariant up to path-reversion. Thus, 'weighted algebraic topology' can be developed as an enriched version of directed algebraic topology, where illicit paths are penalised with an infinite cost, and the licit ones are measured. Its algebraic counterpart will be 'weighted algebraic structures', equipped with a sort of directed seminorm. In the fundamental weighted category of a generalised metric space, introduced here, each homotopy class of paths has a weight (or seminorm), which is subadditive with respect to composition. We also study a more general setting, spaces with weighted paths, which has finer quotients and strong links with noncommutative geometry. Weighted homology of weighted cubical sets has already been developed in a previous work, with similar results. | The fundamental weighted category of a weighted space (From directed to
weighted algebraic topology) | 12,756 |
In this paper we address the classification problem for locally compact (n-1)-connected CW-complexes with dimension less or equal than n+2 up to proper homotopy type. We obtain complete classification theorems in terms of purely algebraic data in those cases where the representation type of the involved algebra is finite. For this we define new quadratic functors in controlled algebra and new homotopy and cohomology invariants in proper homotopy theory. | On the proper homotopy type of locally compact A^2_n-polyhedra | 12,757 |
The embedded cobordism category under study in this paper generalizes the category of conformal surfaces, introduced by G. Segal in order to formalize the concept of field theories. Our main result identifies the homotopy type of the classifying space of the embedded d-dimensional cobordism category for all d. For d=2, our results lead to a new proof of the generalized Mumford conjecture, somewhat different in spirit from the original one. | The homotopy type of the cobordism category | 12,758 |
This note attempts to make clear the relation between configurations of points in a space Y and those in its Cartesian product with the reals. We show that under certain conditions there is an equivalence between C(Y x R^n, X) and the n-th loop space of C(Y,S^n(X)). | Configuration spaces and R^n | 12,759 |
We consider operations between two multiplicative, complex orientable cohomology theories. Under suitable hypotheses, we construct a map from unstable to stable operations, left-inverse to the usual map from stable to unstable operations. In the main example, where the target theory is one of the Morava K-theories, this provides a simple and explicit description of a splitting arising from the Bousfield-Kuhn functor | Stable and Unstable Operations in mod p Cohomology Theories | 12,760 |
In this paper we define an associative stringy product for the twisted orbifold K-theory of a compact, almost complex orbifold X. This product is defined on the twisted K-theory of the inertia orbifold of X, where the twisting gerbe is assumed to be in the image of the inverse transgression map. | A Stringy Product on Twisted Orbifold K-theory | 12,761 |
Algebraic topological methods have been used successfully in concurrency theory, the domain of theoretical computer science that deals with parallel computing. L. Fajstrup, E. Goubault, and M. Raussen have introduced partially ordered spaces (pospaces) as a model for concurrent systems. In this paper it is shown that the category of pospaces under a fixed pospace is both a fibration and a cofibration category in the sense of H. Baues. The homotopy notion in this fibration and cofibration category is relative directed homotopy. It is also shown that the category of pospaces is a closed model category such that the homotopy notion is directed homotopy. | Relative directed homotopy theory of partially ordered spaces | 12,762 |
Let X be a space and write LX for its free loop space equipped with the action of the circle group T given by dilation. We compute the equivariant cohomology H^*(LX_hT; Z/p) as a module over H^*(BT; Z/p) when X=CP^r for any positive integer r and any prime number p. The computation implies that the associated mod p Serre spectral sequence collapses from the E_3-page. | String cohomology groups of complex projective spaces | 12,763 |
A. Bak developed a combinatorial approach to higher $K$-theory, in which control is kept of the elementary operations involved, through paths and `paths of paths' in what he called a global action. The homotopy theory of these was developed by G. Minian. R. Brown and T. Porter developed applications to identities among relations for groups, and also the extension to groupoid atlases. This paper is intended as an introduction tothis circle of ideas, and so to give a basis for exploration and development of this area. | Global actions, groupoid atlases and related topics | 12,764 |
Given a suitable functor T:C -> D between model categories, we define a long exact sequence relating the homotopy groups of any X in C with those of TX, and use this to describe an obstruction theory for lifting an object G in D to C. Examples include finding spaces with given homology or homotopy groups. | Comparing homotopy categories | 12,765 |
Let $X$ be a simply connected pointed space with finitely generated homotopy groups. Let $\Pi_n(X)$ denote the set of all continuous maps $a:I^n\to X$ taking $\partial I^n$ to the basepoint. For $a\in\Pi_n(X)$, let $[a]\in\pi_n(X)$ be its homotopy class. For an open set $E\subset I^n$, let $\Pi(E,X)$ be the set of all continuous maps $a:E\to X$ taking $E\cap\partial I^n$ to the basepoint. For a cover $\Gamma$ of $I^n$, let $\Gamma(r)$ be the set of all unions of at most $r$ elements of $\Gamma$. Put $r=(n-1)!$. We prove that for any finite open cover $\Gamma$ of $I^n$ there exist maps $f_E:\Pi(E,X)\to\pi_n(X)\otimes Z[1/2]$, $E\in\Gamma(r)$, such that $$ [a]\otimes1=\sum_{E\in\Gamma(r)} f_E(a|_E) $$ for all $a\in\Pi_n(X)$. | An iterated sum formula for a spheroid's homotopy class modulo 2-torsion | 12,766 |
We geometrically construct a homology theory that generalizes the Euler characteristic mod 2 to objects in the unoriented cobordism ring N_*(X) of a topological space X. This homology theory Eh_* has coefficients Z/2 in every nonnegative dimension. There exists a natural transformation N_*(X)->Eh_*(X) that for X=pt assigns to each smooth manifold its Euler characteristic mod 2. The homology theory is constructed using cobordism of stratifolds. For discrete groups G, we also define an equivariant version of the homology theory Eh_*, generalizing the equivariant Euler characteristic. | Euler homology | 12,767 |
We define equivariant homology theories using bordism of stratifolds with a G-action, where G is a discrete group. Stratifolds are a generalization of smooth manifolds which were introduced by Kreck. He defines homology theories using bordism of suitable stratifolds. We develop the equivariant generalization of these ideas. | Equivariant stratifold homology theories | 12,768 |
For discrete groups G, we introduce equivariant Nielsen invariants. They are equivariant analogs of the Nielsen number and give lower bounds for the number of fixed point orbits in the G-homotopy class of an equivariant endomorphism f:X->X. Under mild hypotheses, these lower bounds are sharp. We use the equivariant Nielsen invariants to show that a G-equivariant endomorphism f is G-homotopic to a fixed point free G-map if the generalized equivariant Lefschetz invariant of f is zero. Finally, we prove a converse of the equivariant Lefschetz fixed point theorem. | Equivariant Nielsen invariants for discrete groups | 12,769 |
We introduce the universal functorial equivariant Lefschetz invariant for endomorphisms of finite proper G-CW-complexes, where G is a discrete group. We use K_0 of the category of "phi-endomorphisms of finitely generated free RPi(G,X)-modules". We derive results about fixed points of equivariant endomorphisms of cocompact proper smooth G-manifolds. | The universal functorial equivariant Lefschetz invariant | 12,770 |
By using the loop orbifold of the symmetric product, we give a formula for the Poincar\'e polynomial of the free loop space of the Borel construction of the symmetric product. We also show that the Chas-Sullivan product structure in the homology of the free loop space of the Borel construction of the symmetric product induces a ring structure in the homology of the inertia orbifold of the symmetric product. This ring structure is compared to the one in cohomology defined through the usual field theory formalism as in the theory of Chen and Ruan. | The loop orbifold of the symmetric product | 12,771 |
We show that the class of separable morphisms in the sense of G. Janelidze and W. Tholen in the case of Galois structure of second order coverings of simplicial sets due to R. Brown and G. Janelidze coincides with the class of covering maps of simplicial sets. | Separable morphisms of simplicial sets | 12,772 |
This note is surveying certain aspects (including recent results) of the following problem stated by F.Raymond and R.Schultz: ''It is generally felt that a manifold 'chosen at random' will have little symmetry. Can this intuitive notion be made more precise? Does there exist a closed simply connected manifold, on which no finite group acts effectively? (A weaker question, no involution?)'' | Do manifolds have little symmetry? | 12,773 |
A. Baker has constructed certain sequences of cohomology theories which interpolate between the Johnson-Wilson and the Morava K-theories. We realize the representing sequences of spectra as sequences of MU-algebras. Starting with the fact that the spectra representing the Johnson-Wilson and the Morava K-theories admit such structures, we construct the sequences by inductively forming singular extensions. Our methods apply to other pairs of MU-algebras as well. | Infinitesimal thickenings of Morava K-theories | 12,774 |
In these lectures we give an exposition of the seminal work of Devinatz, Hopkins and Smith which is surrounding the classification of the thick subcategories of finite spectra in stable homotopy theory. The lectures are expository and are aimed primarily at non-homotopy theorists. We begin with an introduction to the stable homotopy category of spectra, and then talk about the celebrated thick subcategory theorem and discuss a few applications to the structure of the Bousfield lattice. Most of the results that we discuss here were conjectured by Ravenel \cite{rav} and were proved by Devinatz, Hopkins, and Smith in \cite{dhs, hs}. | Thick subcategories in stable homotopy theory | 12,775 |
Let M be a smooth manifold and V a Euclidean space. Let Ebar(M,V) be the homotopy fiber of the map from Emb(M,V) to Imm(M,V). This paper is about the rational homology of Ebar(M,V). We study it by applying embedding calculus and orthogonal calculus to the bi-functor (M,V) |--> HQ /\Ebar(M,V)_+. Our main theorem states that if the dimension of V is more than twice the embedding dimension of M, the Taylor tower in the sense of orthogonal calculus (henceforward called ``the orthogonal tower'') of this functor splits as a product of its layers. Equivalently, the rational homology spectral sequence associated with the tower collapses at E^1. In the case of knot embeddings, this spectral sequence coincides with the Vassiliev spectral sequence. The main ingredients in the proof are embedding calculus and Kontsevich's theorem on the formality of the little balls operad. We write explicit formulas for the layers in the orthogonal tower of the functor HQ /\Ebar(M,V)_+. The formulas show, in particular, that the (rational) homotopy type of the layers of the orthogonal tower is determined by the (rational) homology type of M. This, together with our rational splitting theorem, implies that under the above assumption on codimension, the rational homology groups of Ebar(M,V) are determined by the rational homology type of M. | Calculus of functors, operad formality, and rational homology of
embedding spaces | 12,776 |
We put a monoidal model category structure on the category of chain complexes of quasi-coherent sheaves over a quasi-compact and semi-separated scheme X. The approach generalizes and simplifies methods used by the author to build monoidal model structures on the category of chain complexes of modules over a ring and chain complexes of sheaves over a ringed space. Indeed, much of the paper is dedicated to showing that in any Grothendieck category G, a nice enough class of objects, which we call a Kaplansky class, induces a model structure on the category Ch(G) of chain complexes. We also find simple conditions to put on the Kaplansky class which will guarantee that our model structure in monoidal. We see that the common model structures used in practice are all induced by such Kaplansky classes. | A Quillen Approach to Derived Categories and Tensor Products | 12,777 |
The symmetric spectra introduced by Hovey, Shipley and Smith are a convenient model for the stable homotopy category with a nice associative and commutative smash product on the point set level and a compatible Quillen closed model structure. About the only disadvantage of this model is that the stable equivalences cannot be defined by inverting those morphisms which induce isomorphisms on homotopy groups, because this would leave too many homotopy types. In this sense the naively defined homotopy groups are often `wrong`, and then their precise relationship to the `true` homotopy groups (i.e., morphisms in the stable homotopy category from sphere spectra) appears mysterious. In this paper I discuss and exploit extra algebraic structure on the naively defined homotopy groups of symmetric spectra, namely a special kind of action of the monoid of injective self maps of the natural numbers. This extra structure clarifies several issues about homotopy groups and stable equivalences and explains why the naive homotopy groups are not so wrong after all. For example, the monoid action allows a simple characterization of semistable symmetric spectra. | On the homotopy groups of symmetric spectra | 12,778 |
For a profinite group $G$, we define an $S[[G]]$-module to be a certain type of $G$-spectrum $X$ built from an inverse system $\{X_i\}_i$ of $G$-spectra, with each $X_i$ naturally a $G/N_i$-spectrum, where $N_i$ is an open normal subgroup and $G \cong \lim_i G/N_i$. We define the homotopy orbit spectrum $X_{hG}$ and its homotopy orbit spectral sequence. We give results about when its $E_2$-term satisfies $E_2^{p,q} \cong \lim_i H_p(G/N_i, \pi_q(X_i))$. Our main result is that this occurs if $\{\pi_\ast(X_i)\}_i$ degreewise consists of compact Hausdorff abelian groups and continuous homomorphisms, with each $G/N_i$ acting continuously on $\pi_q(X_i)$ for all $q$. If $\pi_q(X_i)$ is additionally always profinite, then the $E_2$-term is the continuous homology of $G$ with coefficients in the graded profinite $\widehat{\mathbb{Z}}[[G]]$-module $\pi_\ast(X)$. Other results include theorems about Eilenberg-Mac Lane spectra and about when homotopy orbits preserve weak equivalences. | A homotopy orbit spectrum for profinite groups | 12,779 |
In this article we study the Poisson algebra structure on the homology of the totalization of a fibrant cosimplicial space associated with an operad with multiplication. This structure is given as the Browder operation induced by the action of little disks operad, which was found by McClure and Smith. We show that the Browder operation coincides with the Gerstenhaber bracket on the Hochschild homology, which appears as the E2-term of the homology spectral sequence constructed by Bousfield. In particular we consider a variant of the space of long knots in higher dimensional Euclidean space, and show that Sinha's homology spectral sequence computes the Poisson algebra structure of the homology of the space. The Browder operation produces a homology class which does not directly correspond to chord diagrams. | Poisson structures on the homology of the space of knots | 12,780 |
Let G be a compact Lie group. Let E be a principal G-bundle over a closed manifold M, and Ad(E) its adjoint bundle. In this paper we describe a new Frobenius algebra structure on h_*(Ad(E)), where h_* is an appropriate generalized homology theory. Recall that a Frobenius algebra has both a product and a coproduct. The product in this new Frobenius algebra is induced by the string topology product. In particular, the product can be defined when G is any topological group and in the case that E is contractible it is precisely the Chas-Sullivan string product on H_*(LM). We will show that the coproduct is induced by the Freed-Hopkins-Teleman fusion product. Indeed, when M is replaced by BG and h_* is K-theory the coproduct is the completion of the Freed-Hopkins-Teleman fusion structure. We will then show that this duality between the string and fusion products is realized by a Spanier-Whitehead duality between certain Thom spectra of virtual bundles over Ad(E). | A duality between string topology and the fusion product in equivariant
K-theory | 12,781 |
We show that the space of long knots in an euclidean space of dimension larger than three is a double loop space, proving a conjecture by Sinha. We construct also a double loop space structure on framed long knots, and show that the map forgetting the framing is not a double loop map in odd dimension. However there is always such a map in the reverse direction expressing the double loop space of framed long knots as a semidirect product. A similar compatible decomposition holds for the homotopy fiber of the inclusion of long knots into immersions. We show also via string topology that the space of closed knots in a sphere, suitably desuspended, admits an action of the little 2-discs operad in the category of spectra. A fundamental tool is the McClure-Smith cosimplicial machinery, that produces double loop spaces out of topological operads with multiplication. | Knots, operads and double loop spaces | 12,782 |
Given a fibration of simply connected CW complexes of finite type, we study the evaluation subgroup of the fibre inclusion as an invariant of fibre-homotopy type. For spherical fibrations, we show the evaluation subgroup may be expressed as an extension of the Gottlieb group of the fibre sphere provided the classifying map induces the trivial map on homotopy groups. We extend this result after rationalization: We show that the rationalized evaluation subgroup of the fibre inclusion decomposes as the direct sum of the rationalized Gottlieb group of the fibre and the rationalized homotopy group of the base if and only if the classifying map induces the trivial map on rational homotopy groups. | The evaluation subgroup of a fibre inclusion | 12,783 |
This paper studies the homotopy invariant $\cat(X,\xi)$ introduced in \cite{farbe2}. Given a finite cell-complex $X$, we study the function $\xi\mapsto \cat(X,\xi)$ where $\xi$ varies in the cohomology space $H^1(X;\R)$. Note that $\cat(X,\xi)$ turns into the classical Lusternik - Schnirelmann category $\cat(X)$ in the case $\xi=0$. Interest in $\cat(X,\xi)$ is based on its applications in dynamics where it enters estimates of complexity of the chain recurrent set of a flow admitting Lyapunov closed 1-forms. | Cohomological estimates for $\cat(X,ξ)$ | 12,784 |
In this paper we study topology of the variety of closed planar polygons with given side lengths. We describe the Betti numbers of the moduli spaces as functions of the length vector. We also find sharp upper bounds on the sum of Betti numbers of the moduli space depending only on the number of links n. Our method is based on an observation of a remarkable interaction between Morse functions and involutions under the condition that the fixed points of the involution coincide with the critical points of the Morse function. | Homology of planar polygon spaces | 12,785 |
In this paper we study a new notion of category weight of homology classes developing further the ideas of E. Fadell and S. Husseini. In the case of closed smooth manifolds the homological category weight is equivalent to the cohomological category weight of E. Fadell and S. Husseini but these two notions are distinct already for Poincar\'e complexes. An important advantage of the homological category weight is its homotopy invariance. We use the notion of homological category weight to study various generalizations of the Lusternik - Schnirelmann category which appeared in the theory of closed one-forms and have applications in dynamics. Our primary goal is to compare two such invariants $\cat(X,\xi)$ and $\cat^1(X,\xi)$ which are defined similarly with reversion of the order of quantifiers. We compute these invariants explicitly for products of surfaces and show that they may differ by an arbitrarily large quantity. The proof of one of our main results, Theorem \ref{main2}, uses an algebraic characterization of homology classes $z\in H_i(\tilde X;\Z)$ (where $\tilde X\to X$ is a free abelian covering) which are movable to infinity of $\tilde X$ with respect to a prescribed cohomology class $\xi\in H^1(X;\R)$. This result is established in Part II which can be read independently of the rest of the paper. | Homological category weights and estimates for cat^1(X,ξ) | 12,786 |
This paper uses a relative of BP-cohomology to prove a theorem in characteristic p algebra. Specifically, we obtain some new necessary conditions for the existence of sums-of-squares formulas over fields of characteristic p > 2. These conditions were previously known in characteristic zero by results of Davis. Our proof uses a generalized etale cohomology theory called etale BP2. | Etale homotopy and sums-of-squares formulas | 12,787 |
Let EK be the simplicial suspension of a pointed simplicial set K. We construct a chain model of the James map, $\alpha_{K} : CK \to \Omega CEK$. We compute the cobar diagonal on $\Omega CEK$, not assuming that $EK$ is 1-reduced, and show that $\alpha_{K}$ is comultiplicative. As a result, the natural isomorphism of chain algebras $TCK \cong \Omega CK$ preserves diagonals. In an appendix, we show that the Milgram map, $\Omega (A \otimes B) \to \Omega A \otimes \Omega B$, where A and B are coaugmented coalgebras, forms part of a strong deformation retract of chain complexes. Therefore, it is a chain equivalence even when A and B are not 1-connected. | A chain coalgebra model for the James map | 12,788 |
There are many ways to present model categories, each with a different point of view. Here we'd like to treat model categories as a way to build and control resolutions. This an historical approach, as in his original and spectacular applications of model categories, Quillen used this technology as a way to construct resolutions in non-abelian settings; for example, in his work on the homology of commutative algebras, it was important to be very flexible with the notion of a free resolution of a commutative algebra. Similar issues arose in the paper on rational homotopy theory. (This paper is the first place where the now-traditional axioms of a model category are enunciated.) We're going to emphasize the analog of projective resolutions, simply because these are the sort of resolutions most people see first. Of course, the theory is completely flexible and can work with injective resolutions as well. | Model Categories and Simplicial Methods | 12,789 |
We extend the theory of equivariant orthogonal spectra from finite groups to profinite groups, and more generally from compact Lie groups to compact Hausdorff groups. The G-homotopy theory is "pieced together" from the G/U-homotopy theories for suitable quotient groups G/U of G; a motivation is the way continuous group cohomology of a profinite group is built out of the cohomology of its finite quotient groups. In the model category of equivariant spectra Postnikov towers are studied from a general perspective. We introduce pro-G-spectra and construct various model structures on them. A key property of the model structures is that pro-spectra are weakly equivalent to their Postnikov towers. We discuss two versions of a model structure with "underlying weak equivalences". One of the versions only makes sense for pro-spectra. In the end we use the theory to study homotopy fixed points of pro-G-spectra. | Equivariant homotopy theory for pro-spectra | 12,790 |
We give a general method that may be effectively applied to the question of whether two components of a function space have the same homotopy type. We describe certain group-like actions on function spaces. Our basic results assert that if two maps are in the same orbit under such an action, then the components of the function space that contain these maps have the same homotopy type. | Criteria for Components of a Function Space to be Homotopy Equivalent | 12,791 |
Let $\xi=(X,p,B,G)$ be a principal $G$-bundle, $F$ be a $G$ space and $\eta=(E,p,B,F)$ be the associated bundle with the fiber $F$. Generally $\xi$ and the action $H_*(G)\otimes H_*(F)\to H_*(F)$ of the Pontriagin ring $H_*(G)$ on $H_*(F)$ do not define homologies of $E$. In this paper we define a two sequences of operations $\{f^i:H_*(G)^{\otimes i}\to H_*(G), i=3,4,...\}$, which we call Hochschild twisting cochain (with respect to Gerstenhaber product), and which in fact form on $H_*(G)$ an $A(\infty$-algebra structure), and $\{\bar{f}^i:H_*(G)^{\otimes (i-1)}\otimes H*(F)\to H_*(F), i=3,4,...\}$ (which in fact form on $H_*(F)$ an $A(\infty)$-module structure over the $A(\infty)$-algebra $(H_*(G),\{f^i\})$) and show that $\xi$ and these higher structures define $H_*(E)$. | On the Differentials of the Spectral Sequence of a Fibre Bundle | 12,792 |
In this expository paper we give an elementary, hands-on computation of the homology of the little disks operad, showing that the homology of a $d-fold loop space is a Poisson algebra. One aim is to familiarize a greater audience with Euclidean configuration spaces, using tools accessible to second-year graduate students. We also give a brief introduction to the theory of operads. New results include identifying the pairing between homology and cohomology of these spaces as a pairing of graphs and trees, and treating the cooperad structure on cohomology. | The homology of the little disks operad | 12,793 |
In this paper we construct a model for the classifying space, BVCG, of a crystallographic group G of rank n relative to the family VC of virtually-cyclic subgroups of G. The model is used to show that there exists no other model for the virtually-cyclic classifying space of G with dimension less than vcd(G)+1, where vcd(G) denotes the virtual cohomological dimension of G. In addition, the dimension of our construction realizes this limit. | On The Dimension of The Virtually Cyclic Classifying Space of a
Crystallographic Group | 12,794 |
The primary algebraic model of a ring spectrum is the ring of homotopy groups. We introduce the secondary model which has the structure of a secondary analogue of a ring. This new algebraic model determines Massey products and cup-one squares. As an application we obtain new derivations of the homotopy ring. | The algebra of secondary homotopy operations in ring spectra | 12,795 |
Associated to any subspace arrangement is a "De Concini-Procesi model", a certain smooth compactification of its complement, which in the case of the braid arrangement produces the Deligne-Mumford compactification of the moduli space of genus 0 curves with marked points. In the present work, we calculate the integral homology of real De Concini-Procesi models, extending earlier work of Etingof, Henriques, Kamnitzer and the author on the (2-adic) integral cohomology of the real locus of the moduli space. To be precise, we show that the integral homology of a real De Concini-Procesi model is isomorphic modulo its 2-torsion with a sum of cohomology groups of subposets of the intersection lattice of the arrangement. As part of the proof, we construct a large family of natural maps between De Concini-Procesi models (generalizing the operad structure of moduli space), and determine the induced action on poset cohomology. In particular, this determines the ring structure of the cohomology of De Concini-Procesi models (modulo 2-torsion). | The homology of real subspace arrangements | 12,796 |
Consider the space Hom(Z^n,G) of pairwise commuting n-tuples of elements in a compact Lie group G. This forms a real algebraic variety, which is generally singular. In this paper, we construct a desingularization of the generic component of Hom(Z^n,G), which allows us to derive formulas for its ordinary and equivariant cohomology in terms of the Lie algebra of a maximal torus in G and the action of the Weyl group. This is an application of a general theorem concerning G-spaces for which every element is fixed by a maximal torus. | Cohomology of the space of commuting n-tuples in a compact Lie group | 12,797 |
In this paper we study symmetric motion planning algorithms, i.e. such that the motion from one state A to another B, prescribed by the algorithm, is the time reverse of the motion from B to A. We experiment with several different notions of topological complexity of such algorithms and compare them with each other and with the usual (non-symmetric) concept of topological complexity. Using equivariant cohomology and the theory of Schwarz genus we obtain cohomological lower bounds for symmetric topological complexity. One of our main results states that in the case of aspherical manifolds the complexity of symmetric motion planning algorithms with fixed midpoint map exceeds twice the cup-length. We introduce a new concept, the sectional category weight of a cohomology class, which generalises the notion of category weight developed earlier by E. Fadell and S. Husseini. We apply this notion to study the symmetric topological complexity of aspherical manifolds. | Symmetric Motion Planning | 12,798 |
When G is a profinite group and H and K are closed subgroups, with H normal in K, it is not known, in general, how to form the iterated homotopy fixed point spectrum (Z^{hH})^{hK/H}, where Z is a continuous G-spectrum and all group actions are to be continuous. However, we show that, if G=G_n, the extended Morava stabilizer group, and Z=L_{K(n)}(E_n \wedge X), where L_{K(n)} is Bousfield localization with respect to Morava K-theory, E_n is the Lubin-Tate spectrum, and X is any spectrum with trivial G_n-action, then the iterated homotopy fixed point spectrum can always be constructed. Also, we show that (E_n^{hH})^{hK/H} is just E_n^{hK}, extending a result of Devinatz and Hopkins. | Iterated homotopy fixed points for the Lubin-Tate spectrum, with an
Appendix: An example of a discrete G-spectrum that is not hyperfibrant | 12,799 |
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