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0.834056 | Recipe Review: I found some kelp noodles (pictured above) at the Superfood Centre at the Jordaan gym, where I do Yoga, and was keen to see what they'd be like (given how hard it's been to buy bean or rice noodles). We both really enjoyed this soup, the smell of the house whilst the veggies were roasting was divine, although I found that 1 Tbsp of rice vinegar really stood out, Simon liked this aspect of the dish. We'd have this again even though it was a bit weird eating a pureed soup with noodles in it. Oh, and the kelp noodles only required rinsing and had no smell or noticeable taste, so I bought more!
1. Lightly oil baking sheet or use parchment paper, and spread carrots, onion, ginger, and unpeeled garlic cloves onto it. Sprinkle with cumin, cayenne and salt to taste. Place in oven and bake for 25 minutes or until carrots have softened and onions are starting to brown.
2. In a large pot combine vegetable broth and coconut milk**** over medium-low heat. When veggies are soft, squeeze garlic from its papers***** and add all veggies to pot along with lemon juice, soy sauce, and vinegar.
* I didn't measure out my cayenne pepper, I just sprinkled a light coating on the veggies.
**** I wouldn't add the coconut milk in until you've added all the veggies. I didn't realise my carrots were still quite hard, so I had to cook for longer which meant the coconut milk looked like it was splitting a little and loosing it's goodness.
***** If you really love roast garlic, don't squeeze it out; you lose so much of it this way. Lovingly peel off the skins and put the whole roasted cloves into the soup.
****** We used an immersion blender but next time I'd use a normal blender as we had to chase quite a few carrots around the pot to blend thoroughly. |
0.939455 | The road linking kingdom of Saudi Arabia with sultanate of Oman is expected to be opened after 14 months, where the project is considered as vital, because it represents the second port that links gulf corporation council with sultanate of Oman, which, by virtue of its geographic location, is not linked with the gulf states council, except with one port that is linked with united Arab of emirates.
The general administration of roads and transport in the eastern area of kingdom is executing a road project that links Batha with Sheiba , and Um Alzamoul , with 519 length costing (one billion , six hundred , twenty three million, seven hundred and fifty-six thousands and four hundred SR ). The general manager for roads and transport in the eastern area , Eng. Abd Allah Alsuleiman , explained that the project will be accomplished during 14 months from now , stating that it is one of the biggest projects currently being executed in the area , pointing out that it is considered as the first international road that will link Saudi Arabia with sultanate of Oman , which will cut short the access to sultanate of Oman for travelers coming from united Arab emirates , directly from Batha to Sheiba , then accessing to Um Alzamul , which will be the border area between the two sister countries . He added that the basis of the road will be paved with two traffic lanes in addition to the shoulders , that is being executed on three phases , the length of the former road is estimated as 319 km , starting from point by distance of 50 km away from the boarder port (Batha) , the average accomplishment of this phase is estimated as 95% , while the length of the second phase is 10 km , starting from the end of the first phase , where its average accomplishment is 40% , the third phase , which is 190 km starts from the end of the second phase before Sheiba field until the boarder port with sultanate of Oman , average accomplishment is estimated as 75% , and the entire project works will be accomplished before Muharram 1434 H. He confirmed that the project is considered as the second port which links sultanate of Oman with gulf states , where sultanate of Oman by virtue of its geographical location , is just linked with only one boarder port with united Arab of emirates , and travelers who shuttle to sultanate of Oman have to get an access to emirates territories via the only boarder port that links sultanate of Oman with gulf states , pointing out that the port will contribute to the good relations between the two countries , particularly that sultanate of Oman has an important location , linking Arab gulf with various international destinations , one of them is the waterway that links Arab gulf with Indian ocean , which gives it great significance , enhancing Saudi trend that aims to be linked with sultanate of Oman via land boarder port , in addition to facilitate trade exchange between the two countries , and the growing volume of importations and exportations . |
0.8271 | For other uses, see Reunion (disambiguation) and La Reunion.
Réunion (French: La Réunion, pronounced [la ʁe.ynjɔ̃] ( listen); previously Île Bourbon) is an overseas department and region of France and an island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar and 175 km (109 mi) southwest of Mauritius. As of January 2019[update], it had a population of 866,506.
The island has been inhabited since the 16th century, when people from France and Madagascar settled there. Slavery was abolished on 20 December 1848 (a date celebrated yearly on the island), when the French Second Republic abolished slavery in the French colonies. However, later on indentured workers were brought to Réunion from South India, among other places. The island became an overseas department of France in 1946.
As in France, the official language is French. In addition, the majority of the region's population speaks Réunion Creole.
Administratively, Réunion is one of the overseas departments of France. Like the other four overseas departments, it is also one of the 18 regions of France, with the modified status of overseas region, and an integral part of the republic with the same status as Metropolitan France. Réunion is an outermost region of the European Union and, as an overseas department of France, part of the Eurozone.
Not much is known of Réunion's history prior to the arrival of the Portuguese in the early 16th century. Arab traders were familiar with it by the name Dina Morgabin. The island is possibly featured on a map from 1153 AD by Al Sharif el-Edrisi. The island might also have been visited by Swahili or Austronesian (Ancient Indonesian–Malaysian) sailors on their journey to the west from the Malay Archipelago to Madagascar.
The first European discovery of the area was made around 1507 by Portuguese explorer Diogo Fernandes Pereira, but the specifics are unclear. The uninhabited island might have been first sighted by the expedition led by Dom Pedro Mascarenhas, who gave his name to the island group around Réunion, the Mascarenes. Réunion itself was dubbed Santa Apolónia after a favourite saint, which suggests that the date of the Portuguese discovery could have been 9 February, her saint day. Diogo Lopes de Sequeira is said to have landed on the islands of Réunion and Rodrigues in 1509.
By the early 1600s, nominal Portuguese rule had left Santa Apolónia virtually untouched. The island was then occupied by France and administered from Port Louis, Mauritius. Although the first French claims date from 1638, when François Cauche and Salomon Goubert visited in June 1638, the island was officially claimed by Jacques Pronis of France in 1642, when he deported a dozen French mutineers to the island from Madagascar. The convicts were returned to France several years later, and in 1649, the island was named Île Bourbon after the French royal House of Bourbon. Colonisation started in 1665, when the French East India Company sent the first settlers.
"Île de la Réunion" was the name given to the island in 1793 by a decree of the Convention Nationale (the elected revolutionary constituent assembly) with the fall of the House of Bourbon in France, and the name commemorates the union of revolutionaries from Marseille with the National Guard in Paris, which took place on 10 August 1792. In 1801, the island was renamed "Île Bonaparte", after First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte. During the Napoleonic Wars, the island was invaded by a Royal Navy squadron led by Commodore Josias Rowley in 1810, who used the old name of "Bourbon". When it was restored to France by the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the island retained the name of "Bourbon" until the fall of the restored Bourbons during the French Revolution of 1848, when the island was once again given the name "Île de la Réunion".
From the 17th to 19th centuries, French colonisation, supplemented by importing Africans, Chinese and Indians as workers, contributed to ethnic diversity in the population. From 1690, most of the non-Europeans were enslaved. The colony abolished slavery on 20 December 1848. Afterwards, many of the foreign workers came as indentured workers. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 reduced the importance of the island as a stopover on the East Indies trade route.
During the Second World War, Réunion was under the authority of the Vichy regime until 30 November 1942, when Free French forces took over the island with the destroyer Léopard.
Réunion became a département d'outre-mer (overseas département) of France on 19 March 1946. INSEE assigned to Réunion the department code 974, and the region code 04 when regional councils were created in 1982 in France, including in existing overseas departments which also became overseas regions.
Over about two decades in the late 20th century (1963–1982), 1,630 children from Réunion were relocated to rural areas of metropolitan France, particularly to Creuse, ostensibly for education and work opportunities. That program was led by influential Gaullist politician Michel Debré, who was an MP for Réunion at the time. Many of these children were abused or disadvantaged by the families with whom they were placed. Known as the Children of Creuse, they and their fate came to light in 2002 when one of them, Jean-Jacques Martial, filed suit against the French state for kidnapping and deportation of a minor. Other similar lawsuits were filed over the following years, but all were dismissed by French courts and finally by the European Court of Human Rights in 2011.
In 2005 and 2006, Réunion was hit by a crippling epidemic of chikungunya, a disease spread by mosquitoes. According to the BBC News, 255,000 people on Réunion had contracted the disease as of 26 April 2006. The neighbouring islands of Mauritius and Madagascar also suffered epidemics of this disease during the same year. A few cases also appeared in mainland France, carried by people travelling by airline. The French government of Dominique de Villepin sent an emergency aid package worth €36 million and deployed about 500 troops in an effort to eradicate mosquitoes on the island.
Réunion sends seven deputies to the French National Assembly and three senators to the Senate.
Administratively, Réunion is divided into 24 communes (municipalities) grouped into four arrondissements. It is also subdivided into 49 cantons, meaningful only for electoral purposes at the departmental or regional level. It is a French overseas department, hence a French overseas region. The low number of communes, compared with French metropolitan departments of similar size and population, is unique: most of its communes encompass several localities, sometimes separated by significant distances.
The communes voluntarily grouped themselves into five intercommunalities for cooperating in some domains, apart from the four arrondissements to which they belong for purposes of applying national laws and executive regulation. After some changes in the composition, name and status of intercommunalities, all of them operate with the status of agglomeration communities, and apply their own local taxation (in addition to national, regional, departmental, and municipal taxes) and have an autonomous budget decided by the assembly representing all member communes. This budget is also partly funded by the state, the region, the department, and the European Union for some development and investment programs. Every commune in Réunion is now a member of an intercommunality with its own taxation, to which member communes have delegated their authority in various areas.
Although diplomacy, military, and French government matters are handled by Paris, Réunion is a member of La Francophonie, the Indian Ocean Commission, the International Trade Union Confederation, the Universal Postal Union, the Port Management Association of Eastern and Southern Africa, and the World Federation of Trade Unions in its own right.
The island is 63 km (39 mi) long; 45 km (28 mi) wide; and covers 2,512 km2 (970 sq mi). It is above a hotspot in the Earth's crust. The Piton de la Fournaise, a shield volcano on the eastern end of Réunion Island, rises more than 2,631 m (8,632 ft) above sea level and is sometimes called a sister to Hawaiian volcanoes because of the similarity of climate and volcanic nature. It has erupted more than 100 times since 1640, and is under constant monitoring, most recently erupting on 14 July 2017. During another eruption in April 2007, the lava flow was estimated at 3,000,000 m3 (3,900,000 cu yd) per day. The hotspot that fuels Piton de la Fournaise also created the islands of Mauritius and Rodrigues.
The Piton des Neiges volcano, the highest point on the island at 3,070 m (10,070 ft) above sea level, is northwest of the Piton de la Fournaise. Collapsed calderas and canyons are south west of the mountain. While the Piton de la Fournaise is one of Earth's most active volcanoes, the Piton des Neiges is dormant. Its name is French for "peak of snows", but snowfall on the summit of the mountain is rare. The slopes of both volcanoes are heavily forested. Cultivated land and cities like the capital city of Saint-Denis are concentrated on the surrounding coastal lowlands. Offshore, part of the west coast is characterised by a coral reef system. Réunion also has three calderas: the Cirque de Salazie, the Cirque de Cilaos and the Cirque de Mafate. The last is accessible only on foot or by helicopter.
Köppen climate classification map of Réunion.
The climate in Réunion is tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation. The weather is cool and dry from May to November, but hot and rainy from November to April. Precipitation levels vary greatly within the island, with the east being much wetter than the west. More than 6 m of rain a year fall on some parts of the east and less than 1 m a year falls on the west coast. Réunion holds the world records for the most rainfall in 12-, 24-, 72- and 96-hour periods.
Réunion hosts many tropical and unique beaches. They are often equipped with barbecues, amenities, and parking spaces. Hermitage Beach is the most extensive and best preserved lagoon in Réunion Island and a popular snorkelling location. It is a white sand beach lined with casuarina trees under which the locals often organise picnics. La Plage des Brisants is a well-known surfing spot, with many athletic and leisurely activities taking place. Each November, a film festival is also organised in La Plage des Brisants. Movies are projected on a large screen in front of a crowd. Beaches at Boucan Canot are surrounded by a stretch of restaurants that particularly cater to tourists. L’Etang-Salé on the west coast is a particularly unique beach as it is covered in black sand consisting of tiny fragments of basalt. This occurs when lava contacts water, it cools rapidly and shatters into sand and fragmented debris of various size. Much of the debris is small enough to be considered sand. Grand Anse is a tropical white-sand beach lined with coconut trees in the south of Réunion, with a rock pool built for swimmers, a pétanque playground, and a picnic area.
Since 2010, Réunion is home to a UNESCO World Heritage Site that covers about 40% of the island's area and coincides with the central zone of the Réunion National Park.
Réunion is home to a variety of birds such as the white-tailed tropicbird (French: paille en queue). Its largest land animal is the panther chameleon, Furcifer pardalis. Much of the west coast is ringed by coral reef which harbours, among other animals, sea urchins, conger eels, and parrot fish. Sea turtles and dolphins also inhabit the coastal waters. Humpback whales migrate north to the island from the Antarctic waters annually during the Southern Hemisphere winter (June–September) to breed and feed, and can be routinely observed from the shores of Réunion during this season. At least 19 species formerly endemic to Réunion have become extinct following human colonisation. For example, the Réunion giant tortoise became extinct after being slaughtered in vast numbers by sailors and settlers of the island.
Between 2010 and 2017, 23 shark attacks occurred in the waters of Réunion, of which nine were fatal. In July 2013, the Prefect of Réunion Michel Lalande announced a ban on swimming, surfing, and bodyboarding off more than half of the coast. Lalande also said 45 bull sharks and 45 tiger sharks would be culled, in addition to the 20 already killed as part of scientific research into the illness ciguatera.
Migrations of humpback whales contributed to a boom of whale watching industries on Réunion, and watching rules have been governed by the OMAR (Observatoire Marin de la Réunion) and Globice (Groupe local d'observation et d'identification des cétacés).
The first members of the "Bourbon" group of garden roses originated on this island (then still Île Bourbon, hence the name) from a spontaneous hybridisation between Damask roses and Rosa chinensis, which had been brought there by the colonists. The first Bourbon roses were discovered on the island in 1817.
Ethnic groups present include people of African, Indian, European, Malagasy and Chinese origin. Local names for these are Yabs, Cafres, Malbars and Chinois. All of the ethnic groups comprising the island are immigrant populations that have come to Réunion from Europe, Asia and Africa over the centuries. There are no indigenous people on the island, as it was originally deserted. These populations have mixed from the earliest days of the island's colonial history (the first settlers married women from Madagascar and of Indo-Portuguese heritage), resulting in a majority population of mixed race and of "Creole" culture.
How many people of each ethnicity live in Réunion is not known exactly, since the French census does not ask questions about ethnic origin, which applies in Réunion because it is a part of the 1958 constitution, and also because of the extent of racial mixing on the island. According to estimates, Whites make up roughly one quarter of the population, Malbars make up more than 25% of the population and people of Chinese ancestry form roughly 3%. The percentages for mixed race people and those of Afro-Malagasy origins vary widely in estimates. Also, some people of Vietnamese ancestry live on the island, though they are very few in number.
Tamils are the largest group among the Indian community. The island's community of Muslims from north western India, particularly Gujarat, and elsewhere is commonly referred to as zarabes.
Creoles (a name given to those born on the island, regardless of ethnic origins) make up the majority of the population. Groups that are not Creole include people recently arrived from Metropolitan France (known as zoreilles) and those from Mayotte and the Comoros.
Official data from INSEE by census or estimate; estimates shown in italics.
The predominant religion is Christianity, notably Roman Catholicism, with a single (Latin Rite) jurisdiction, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Saint-Denis-de-La Réunion. Religious Intelligence estimates Christians to be 86.9% of the population, followed by Hindus (6.7%) and Muslims (3.2%). Chinese folk religion and Buddhism are also represented, among others.
Most large towns have a Hindu temple and a mosque.
Réunionese culture is a blend (métissage) of European, African, Indian, Chinese and insular traditions. The most widely spoken language, Réunion Creole, derives from French.
French is the only official language of Réunion. Although not official, Réunion Creole is the native language of a large part of the population and is spoken alongside French. Creole is used informally and orally in some administration offices whereas the official language of any administration office as well as education is French.
Because of the diverse population, other languages are also spoken such as Comorian language varieties (especially Shimaore), Malagasy by recent immigrants from Mayotte and Madagascar, Mandarin, Hakka and Cantonese by members of the Chinese community, but fewer people speak these languages as younger generations start to converse in French and Réunion Creole. There are significant number of speakers of Indian languages mostly Tamil, Gujarati and Urdu. Arabic is taught in mosques and spoken by a small community of Muslims. English is a compulsory second language as part of the French school curriculum, but as in mainland France, English fluency is rare. German and Spanish are offered as a third language. Cantonese, Arabic, Tamil is also taught as an optional language in some schools.
There are two music genres which originated in Réunion: sega, which originated earlier and is also traditional in Mauritius, Rodrigues and Seychelles and maloya, which originated in the 19th century and is only found in Réunion.
Moringue is a popular combat/dance sport similar to capoeira.
There are several famous Réunionese sportsmen and women like the handballer Jackson Richardson, as well as the karateka Lucie Ignace.
Professional footballers include Dimitri Payet, Florent Sinama Pongolle and Guillaume Hoarau. Laurent Robert and ex-Hibernian and Celtic player Didier Agathe have also featured in movies. Agathe appeared in A Shot at Glory, whilst Robert was in Goal!.
Réunion has a number of contributions to worldwide professional surfing. It has been home to notable pro surfers including Jeremy Flores, Johanne Defay and Justine Mauvin. Famous break St Leu has been host to several world surfing championship competitions.
Since 1992, Réunion has hosted a number of ultramarathons under the umbrella name of the Grand Raid. As of 2018, four different races compose the Grand Raid: the Diagonale des Fous, The Trail de Bourbon, the Mascareignes, and the Zembrocal Trail.
Réunion has a local public television channel, Réunion 1ère, which now forms part of France Télévision, and also receives France 2, France 3, France 4, France 5 and France 24 from metropolitan France, as well as France Ô, which shows programming from all of the overseas departments and territories. There are also two local private channels, Télé Kréol and Antenne Réunion.
It has a local public radio station, formerly Radio Réunion, but now known as Réunion 1ère, like its television counterpart. It also receives the Radio France networks France Inter, France Musique and France Culture. The first private local radio station, Radio Freedom, was introduced in 1981. They broadcast daily content about weather and local services.
The east dock of Réunion's main seaport in Le Port.
In 2017, the GDP of Réunion at market exchange rates, not at PPP, was estimated at 19.7 billion euros (US$22.3 bn) and the GDP per capita (also at market exchange rates) was 22,900 euros (US$25,900). Economic growth has been at around +3.0% per year in real terms since 2014.
Sugar was traditionally the chief agricultural product and export. Tourism is now an important source of income. The island's remote location combined with its stable political alignment with Europe makes it a key location for satellite receiving stations and naval navigation.
Unemployment is a major problem on Réunion, although the situation has improved markedly since the beginning of the 2000s: the unemployment rate, which stood above 30% from the early 1980s to the early 2000s, declined to 24.6% in 2007, then rebounded to 29.8% in 2011 due to the 2008 global financial crisis and subsequent Great Recession, but declined again after 2011, reaching 22.4% in 2016, its lowest level in 40 years. Since 2016, the unemployment rate has risen again, and reached 24.3% in 2018, nonetheless the fourth lowest yearly figure in 40 years.
In 2014, 40% of the population lived below the poverty line (defined by INSEE as 60% of Metropolitan France's median income; in 2014 the poverty line for a family of 2 parents and 2 young children was €2,064 (US$2,743) per month).
Rum distillation is a sugar-based process that contributes to the island's economy. A "Product of France", it is shipped to Europe for bottling, then shipped to consumers around the world.
In 2005–2006, Réunion experienced an epidemic of chikungunya, a viral disease similar to dengue fever brought in from East Africa, which infected almost a third of the population because of its transmission through mosquitoes. The epidemic has since been eradicated. See the History section for more details.
Roland Garros Airport serves the island, handling flights to mainland France, India, Madagascar, Mauritius, Tanzania, Comoros, Seychelles, South Africa, China and Thailand. Pierrefonds Airport, a smaller airport, has some flights to Mauritius and Madagascar.
^ a b INSEE. "Estimation de population par région, sexe et grande classe d'âge - Années 1975 à 2019" (in French). Retrieved 19 January 2019.
^ a b "Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by NUTS 2 regions". Eurostat. Retrieved 8 April 2019.
^ Réunion is pictured on all Euro banknotes, on the back at the bottom of each note, right of the Greek ΕΥΡΩ (EURO) next to the denomination.
^ a b Allen, Richard B. (14 October 1999). "Slaves, Freedmen and Indentured Laborers in Colonial Mauritius". Cambridge University Press – via Google Books.
^ a b Tabuteau, Jacques (1987). Histoire de la justice dans les Mascareignes (in French). Paris: Océan éditions. p. 13. ISBN 2-907064-00-2. Retrieved 11 June 2011.
^ a b c d Moriarty, Cpt. H.A. (1891). Islands in the southern Indian Ocean westward of Longitude 80 degrees east, including Madagascar. London: Great Britain Hydrographic Office. p. 269. OCLC 416495775.
^ "| Journal de l'île de la Réunion". Clicanoo.re. Retrieved 12 March 2013.
^ Jean-Jacques Martial (2003). Une enfance volée. Les Quatre Chemins. p. 113. ISBN 978-2-84784-110-7. Retrieved 13 September 2012.
^ Géraldine Marcon: CHRONOLOGIE : L'histoire des enfants réunionnais déplacés en métropole on francebleu.fr.
^ "Island disease hits 50,000 people". BBC News. 2 February 2006. Retrieved 18 August 2007.
^ Beesoon, Sanjay; Funkhouser, Ellen; Kotea, Navaratnam; Spielman, Andrew; Robich, Rebecca M. "Chikungunya Fever, Mauritius, 2006". 14 (2): 337–338. doi:10.3201/eid1402.071024. PMC 2630048. PMID 18258136.
^ "Madagascar hit by mosquito virus". BBC News. 6 March 2006. Retrieved 18 August 2007.
^ "Insee - Code Officiel Géographique". Insee.fr. Retrieved 6 May 2009.
^ Jacques Libert. "la pluviométrie". Pedagogie2.ac-reunion.fr. Archived from the original on 19 May 2013. Retrieved 12 March 2013.
^ "World Meteorological Organization: Global Weather & Climate Extremes". Arizona State University.
^ "Lagon de l'Ermitage". Snorkeling Report. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
^ Ocean, Indian. "The beaches of Réunion Island". Snorkeling Report. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
^ "Lunch at Plage de Boucan Canot". Flickr. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
^ "Pitons, cirques and remparts of Reunion Island". UNESCO. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
^ Gilibert, Laurence (1 March 2018). "Crise requin: Les causes scientifiques sous les projecteurs de la revue "Nature"" – via ZINFO974.
^ "Big Read: Reunion Island beset by shark controversy". News Corp Australia. 30 August 2013.
^ ADUMITRESEI, LIDIA; STĂNESCU, IRINA (2009). "Theoretical Considerations upon the origin and nomenclature of the present rose cultivars". Journal of Plant Development. 16.
^ "History of Roses: Bourbon Roses" (PDF). American Rose Society.
^ Bollée, Annegret (2015). "French on the Island of Bourbon (Réunion)". Journal of Language Contact. 8 (1): 91. doi:10.1163/19552629-00801005.
^ "SSRN-Why France Needs to Collect Data on Racial Identity - In a French Way by David Oppenheimer". Papers.ssrn.com. SSRN 1236362.
^ Holm, John A. (1989). Pidgins and Creoles: References survey. Cambridge University Press. p. 394. ISBN 0-521-35940-6.
^ "Réunion" (PDF). The Indian Diaspora.
^ Clicanoo. "La Réunion Métisse".
^ "Anthropometric evaluations of body composition of undergraduate students at the University of La Réunion". 2006. Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 21 August 2011.
^ a b "NRI" (PDF). Retrieved 16 April 2010.
^ Peoples of Africa: Réunion-Somalia. Marshall Cavendish. 2001. pp. 412–. ISBN 978-0-7614-7166-0.
^ "Ethnologue report (language code:rcf)". Ethnologue.com. Retrieved 16 April 2010.
^ "The Grand Raid: 25 years of madness!". La Réunion. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
^ "Réunion Island (@visitreunion) • Instagram photos and videos". www.instagram.com. Retrieved 15 April 2018.
^ CEROM. "Comptes économiques rapides de La Réunion en 2017" (PDF). Retrieved 9 April 2019.
^ "SEAS-OI, VIGISAT international success Réunion Island acquires an acquisition and processing system for high-resolution satellite images". Retrieved 3 April 2016.
^ "Surveillance of maritime and terrestrial activities by radar". Retrieved 3 April 2016.
^ "Comptes économiques définitifs de La Réunion" (in French). INSEE. 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
^ a b "Le chômage et son halo augmentent en 2018". INSEE. Retrieved 9 April 2019.
^ Célimène, Fred; Legris, André (2011). De l'économie coloniale à l'économie mondialisée - Aspects multiples de la transition (XXe et XXIe siècles). Paris: Publibook. p. 179. ISBN 978-2-7483-7225-0.
^ "Quatre Réunionnais sur dix vivent sous le seuil de pauvreté" (in French). INSEE. 2017. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
This page is based on the Wikipedia article Réunion; it is used under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License (CC-BY-SA). You may redistribute it, verbatim or modified, providing that you comply with the terms of the CC-BY-SA. |
0.970759 | President Trump Donald John TrumpHouse Dems demand Barr cancel 'inappropriate' press conference on Mueller report DOJ plans to release 'lightly redacted' version of Mueller report Thursday: WaPo Nadler accuses Barr of 'unprecedented steps' to 'spin' Mueller report MORE claimed Thursday that his approval rating would be 75 percent if it wasn't for special counsel Robert Mueller Robert Swan MuellerSasse: US should applaud choice of Mueller to lead Russia probe MORE's Russia investigation.
"Without the phony Russia Witch Hunt, and with all that we have accomplished in the last almost two years (Tax & Regulation Cuts, Judge’s, Military, Vets, etc.) my approval rating would be at 75% rather than the 50% just reported by Rasmussen," Trump tweeted.
The president's approval in the Rasmussen poll is higher than most other surveys. Gallup's tracking poll showed Trump's overall approval this week stands at 40 percent.
Trump's message is the latest example of him venting frustration over the increasing pace of developments in the Russia investigation.
Mueller released a memo this week detailing former national security adviser Michael Flynn's extensive cooperation with investigators and is expected to file similar documents on Trump's former personal lawyer Michael Cohen and former campaign chairman Paul Manafort Paul John ManafortFederal judge considers setting ex-Obama counsel's trial for August: reports Juan Williams: The high price of working for Trump Ex-Obama counsel pleads not guilty to charges tied to Ukraine lobbying MORE, both of whom have pleaded guilty to criminal charges.
Some legal observers have speculated the developments signal the investigation is moving closer to Trump's inner circle. |
0.999948 | Description: Okay hero, now we need to get a sticky consistence which will be really helpful in the future. As you know we are trying to rebuild the castle, so we will need to use that consistence as glue and glue up some peices. Go Thravine forest and slay some slimes and get that consistence and bring it to me as soon as possible.
End Text: You did a great job hero! Now we have the opportunity to start the rebuilding and we can use this sticky consistence in the work. |
0.990757 | Detects the language of the provided text using the Compact Language Detector (CLD).
string. User input string to be translated.
boolean. Whether the language was detected reliably.
integer. The percentage of the input string that was in the detected language.
var text = "L'homme est né libre, et partout il est dans les fers." |
0.998906 | America's National Wildlife Refuges...where wildlife comes first!
Tennessee National Wildlife Refuge is managed as part of the Tennessee National Wildlife Refuge Complex. A National Wildlife Refuge Complex is an administrative grouping of two or more refuges, wildlife management areas or other refuge conservation areas that are primarily managed from a central office location. Refuges are grouped into a complex structure because they occur in a similar ecological region, such as a watershed or specific habitat type, and have a related purpose and management needs.
Other refuges in the Tennessee National Wildlife Refuge Complex include: Cross Creeks National Wildlife Refuge located near Dover, TN. The Refuge Complex headquarters is located at 1371 Wildlife Drive, Springville, TN 38256. |
0.996627 | I wanted to take a moment to explain what I mean when I use the term Common Progress.
Basically this is similiar to the notion of ” a rising tide lifts all boats.” I would say the only difference is that it doesn’t necessarily require Keynesian economic policies and depends more so on finding the common ground regards where we are going as a community.
Progress is all too often viewed derisively,especially in business and political terms. We need to embrace the meaning of moving forward positively and escaping the mire of a failing or at least unsustainable status quo. |
0.997164 | Importance of effective communication with patients in a healthcare setting Essay Introduction This paper will address the importance of communicating effectively in a healthcare setting. How To Improve My Communication Skills? Check out these : Communication for Nurses: Talking with Patients Communication for Nurses: How to Prevent Harmful Events and Promote Patient Safety Therapeutic Communications for Health Care Ending Nurse-to-Nurse Hostility: Why Nurses Eat Their Young and Each Other Watch this video on Effective Healthcare Communications: I agree. At times conflict can encourage innovation and creative problem-solving if approached correctly. But on the moment they put their feet in front of your registration desk, they lose this control. Taking action though appropriate intervention strategies is next. In response to the occurrence of a sentinel event—a medical error with serious consequences—Eglin U.
So why does communication remain a persistent problem? However, the term is also used for other settings such as answer letters after a specialist outpatient visit without hospitalisation. The patient learns information about the issues that are going on with him or her and how to go about solving the issues. While healthcare practitioners are always pressed for time, if your loved one is not getting the care he or she needs, you have a right to speak up. Cancer is not just a biological disease but a biopsychosocial illness because it affects the 3 main areas of the person-the body, and the psychological and the social status of the patient. Communication is likely to be distorted or withheld in situations where there are hierarchical differences between two communicators, particularly when one person is concerned about appearing incompetent, does not want to offend the other, or perceives that the other is not open to communication. In addition, the organization may try to implant a work culture that values cooperation, teamwork, openness, collaboration, honesty and respect in order to improve the communication quality in the healthcare institution.
Short, condensed, well organized and easy to read and memorize. First of all, specialists can provide feedback on the referral letters. Each methodology should address creating a system of accountability, a collaborative approach to problem-solving and help identify existing problems in the process of delivering healthcare treatment. Followup and feedback bring closure to the process. Communication skills of anesthesiologists: An Indian perspective.
Types of model that can help express how important professional communication is within health care is the movie titled, The Doctor. Based on a study done by Fortis Memorial Research Institute, they have done a survey among anesthesiologists regarding communications skills. If not, is there an equally good drug on the panel to use instead? Continuity of care, the connection of separate and discrete elements of care into a longitudinal process, suffers from inadequate communication. An empathetic humanistic response is the best a health professional can give at that point. Include sensitive topics such as incontinence, even if it makes you uncomfortable. Moreover, the organization should create a conducive environment where the team members feel safe to share their own point of view about issues related to patient care regardless of their position in the institution.
This is because they help to build and maintain strong relationships between both healthcare professionals and patients, and healthcare professionals and their associates. Maintaining eye contact with the patient may also allow the healthcare practitioner to divert the attention of a distracted patient back to the on-going consultation. Listening is also important because you must listen in order to communicate. Communicating through the telephone for example, it has enable a real-time interaction to be conducted whenever needed but, it may also decrease efficiency by disrupting patient flow which is also interrupting a particular session in order to facilitate other. Being in a health care facility adds more worries and stresses due to lost time, expenses, and more importantly losing control. This landmark study included more than 30,000 cockpit crew members captains, first officers, and second officers and 1,033 operating room personnel attending surgeons, attending anesthesiologists, surgical residents, anesthesia residents, surgical nurses, and anesthesia nurses.
However, hospitals face increasing challenges to meet the communication needs of an increasingly diverse population. Science believes there is nothing after we die. The major concern about disruptive behaviors is how frequently they occur and the potential negative impact they can have on patient care. Results The results of the search process are summarised in Figure. For example, in some cultures, individuals refrain from being assertive or challenging opinions openly.
For example, a study by Sutcliff, Lewton, and Rosenthal reveals that social, relational, and organizational structures contribute to communication failures that have been implicated as a large contributor to adverse clinical events and outcomes. This strategy can be facilitated by the use of health information technology, such as electronic patient records. Addressing defects in communication that affect collaboration, information exchange, appreciation of roles and responsibilities, and direct accountability for patient care are key components of any patient safety program. It helps the speaker further define the topic of conversation, resulting in a more memorable communication to the receiver, which is the patient. It is also considered the most efficient way to assure quality and safety patient care with optimistic health outcomes LaValley, 2008.
Peer review is needed to assess quality indicators in this respect in each particular care process component. Prior to implementation, make sure all employees are familiar with the existence, purpose, and intent of the policies and procedures. This lack in the literature is even more surprising when keeping in mind that communication influences patient safety. Referral letters about older patients were of low quality and only the actual medical situation was well described. Media contact: Tim Parsons, director of Public Affairs, at 410-955-7619 or. We consider that as part of our personality! In the past, doctors were unquestioned authorities who took the lead in discussions with their patients on medical care. There is no right or wrong answer and of course there is no specific answer.
The practice and delivery of healthcare is argued to be fundamentally and critically dependent on effective and efficient communication. This will make us friendly caring clever doctors and build a good reputation while staying thorough, focused, organized, and efficient. If a patient does not fully understand something, there are ways to help them understand such giving the patient a pamphlet that covers more information about the issue s he or she is having. Is there a less expensive alternative? Everyone, including medical staff, physicians and patients must communicate effectively with one another. A group of nurses might benefit from a focus on assertiveness whereas a group of physicians may learn more from listening activities. Almost every day, you, medical students, residents, and physician face 'Difficult Patients' in your clinical practice.
Ask how these will be paid for. Another study shows that the priorities of patient care differed between members of the health care team, and that verbal communication between team members was inconsistent. For the medical staff, the policies should become part of the medical staff bylaws with signed agreements to abide by these policies at the time of appointment and recredentialing. This can be considered a type of ongoing chain reaction. A framework with four categories was predefined: modalities of communication, deficits in communication, economic impact of communication inefficiencies and recommendations. Oral communication requires the background skills of presenting, audience awareness, critical listening and body language. |
0.999999 | Rewrite the questions in the Present Continuous.
1 Do you drive to work? → you to work?
2 Does the dog chase cats? → cats?
3 Do you paint pictures? → you pictures?
4 Do you listen to the teacher? → to the teacher?
5 Do they cook? → they ?
6 Does he stay with you?→ he with you?
7 Do they play music? → they music?
8 Does she phone you?→ she you?
9 Do they send emails? → they emails?
10 Do the boys fight? → the boys ? |
0.999992 | I just finished reading a post on backpacker.com about trail etiquette and it got me to thinking. How many of you consider the impact you have on the trail and on others while you are out hiking? We all love the trail, otherwise we wouldn't be out there right? But have you ever stopped to consider if your being out on the trail has affected anyone else's experience? If so, I can only hope that it is in a positive manner. I hope the effects of my being on the trail have been positive for others.
The article covered 5 simple rules to consider while being on the trail.
Rule 1: Give the uphill hiker the right of way.
Rule 3: If you have to go number 2 do it as far from the trail and as far from water as possible.
Rule 4: Be friendly and greet other hikers.
Rule 5: Stay off the phone.
Most of these are pretty self explanatory especially after you've read the article. As for us, I think we do a pretty good job of following those unwritten rules. It's not our trail, it's everyone's trail and we should all be able to enjoy it, the solitude, the natural beauty, etc. I think there are a few more rules that could be passed along or at least remembered.
1. Leave no trace - There's nothing more appalling on a trail than seeing someone's garbage lying about. If you've packed it in, pack it out. Countless number of times have we seen garbage laying on the side of the trail, and typically it's from someone who has no care about their surroundings and aren't normally hikers, but are rather going to a swimming hole or heard about a waterfall so they just want to check it out. Along that same vein, however, we who love our woods should be diligent in picking up the trash that others have left behind. True, we shouldn't have to pick up after the negligent, but we shouldn't have to pick up after our kids either. However, if you have the means and it's not too much of a burden, pick up that empty soda bottle and dispose of it. It may not be your trash but every little bit helps. Think of it as your own volunteer effort to help maintain our trails and restore the beauty we are all out there to see.
2. Resist the urge to pick those pretty flowers - I'm pretty sure we've all been guilty of this at one time or another. Yes they are absolutely beautiful and would most definitely look gorgeous in your hair over your ear. Or your female trail mate might smile upon receiving the fresh picked trail flower. However, if you pick it, then no one else can enjoy it. Think of the time were it looks like there might have been a flower on the trail but you missed out because someone before you picked it. Let others share those glimpses of beauty and leave the flowers be.
3. Mind your canine pals - I've seen countless debates about dogs on trails. There has been arguments for and against them. We have Clover Beene, and in most instances we keep her on a leash while on a trail. Pretty much every park that allows our four-legged friends to accompany us on the trail, also require that they be on a leash. If that is the rule, then follow it. It's that simple. Sometimes however, you want to let Rover off to go at his/her own will. In some cases that maybe okay. If you do this make sure your dog is trained well enough to listen to and obey your commands. There are instances when we let Clover off the leash and it's usually when there doesn't appear to be anyone else on the trail. However, there have been times where we've been surprised that people are on the trail. Clover is well behaved, trail-trained, and she listens mostly - and mostly to Robin because she's spent the most time training her. It's not a major chore to call her to us and leash her instantly the second we see someone on the trail, and we've also trained her to stay on the trail (in other words, she doesn't venture off ahead making her own path in the woods). There are some who don't give it any thought at all and their dogs come bounding down the trail. We normally don't mind this, especially if Clover is not with us, but there are some who do and for us I'm not too keen on it when I have Clover as she gets quite nervous around other people and dogs. We all need to take this into consideration and think about our fellow hikers.
Okay, I could expound more, but I think I will leave it at that. Just remember that the trails we have are not a right but a privilege that many have provided for us to enjoy. Let's remember that while we are out on the trail, others may also be on it. If there isn't someone on the trail there will be before long. While something primordial may well up inside us while we gallivant in the woods just begging to be let loose, let's have a little restraint or at least maybe keep some sort of civility and respect about us so that others can thoroughly enjoy the trails we love so much. |
0.999992 | Gives a description of the pieces of the Abyssal Armor set in Titan Quest, telling what the character will get for set buffs and for each individual piece that is worn. Is the Abyssal Armor set the one for you?
The Abyssal Armor set is available in the core unexpanded edition of Titan Quest. It gives set bonuses for wearing two, three, or all four pieces of the set, plus more buffs for the items themselves. If you are looking for a nice overall set that will give you plenty of punch in your regeneration and in your leech resistance this is the set that you will want. As long as you have more than a single piece on, you will get set bonuses as well. Here is a description of the set bonuses that you can get and what each of the individual pieces will bring to the table.
2 Pieces of the Set: Gives 25% life leech resistance, +65 to defense, +50% energy regeneration, +50% health regeneration, and 25% energy leech resistance.
3 Pieces of the Set: Gives 10% damage resistance, +10% energy absorption from attacks, +90 defense, +50% energy regeneration, +50% health regeneration, 25% life leech resistance, and 25% energy leech resistance.
4 Pieces of the Set: Gives 10% damage resistance, 50% pierce resistance, 50% elemental resistance, 50% poison resistance, +10% energy absorption from attacks, +115 defense, +50% energy regeneration, +50% health regeneration, +4% shield block, 25% life leech resistance, and +25% energy leech resistance.
A four piece set with its own special helps to your character; this is a good way to see at a glance if this is the armor that you'll want to find in the game, or whether to let it pass you by for a different armor set.
Abyssal Plate – 492 Armor, with the set buffs of +14% armor protection, 5% chance of 101% damage resistance, 15% chance of 18-60 vitality retaliation, 26% energy leech resistance, 25% life leech resistance, and 26% cold resistance. It requires a level 41 and a strength of 525.
Abyssal Greaves – 492 Armor, with the set buffs of 26% fire resistance, +25% movement, +21% energy regeneration, +22% health regeneration, +15% chance of 20-60 vitality retaliation, and 28% energy leech resistance. It requires a level 41 and a strength of 525.
Abyssal Bracers – 492 Armor, with the set buffs of 27% lightning resistance, 25% life leech resistance, and +25% energy regeneration, +327 energy, 29% health regeneration, +320 health, 15% chance of 22-62 vitality retaliation, and 25% life leech resistance. It requires a level 42 and a strength of 525.
Abyssal Shield – It has the stat buffs of 45% chance to block 640 damage, 212 damage, 26% pierce resistance, 15% chance of 18-60 vitality retaliation, 10% chance of 50% damage reflected, and +5% shield block. It requires a level 39 and a strength of 440. |
0.998665 | Bob Dylan (b.1941) is an American musician, singer-songwriter, artist, and writer. He has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades. Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he was an informal chronicler and a seemingly reluctant figurehead of social unrest. A number of Dylan’s early songs, such as “Blowin’ in the Wind” and “The Times They Are a-Changin'”, became anthems for the US civil rights and anti-war movements. Leaving behind his initial base in the culture of the folk music revival, Dylan’s six-minute single “Like a Rolling Stone” radically altered the parameters of popular music in 1965. His recordings employing electric instruments attracted denunciation and criticism from others in the folk movement.
I think of a hero as someone who understands the degree of responsibility that comes with their freedom.
Don’t criticize what you can’t understand. |
0.999965 | A common property-carrying commercial vehicle in the United States is the tractor-trailer, also known as an "18-wheeler" or "semi".
The trucking industry serves the American economy by transporting large quantities of raw materials, works in process, and finished goods over land—typically from manufacturing plants to retail distribution centers. Trucks are also used in the construction industry, as dump trucks and portable concrete mixers move the large amounts of rocks, dirt, concrete, and other building materials used in construction. Trucks in America are responsible for the majority of freight movement over land and are tools in the manufacturing, transportation, and warehousing industries.
Large trucks and buses require a commercial driver's license (CDL) to operate. Obtaining a CDL requires extra education and training dealing with the special knowledge requirements and handling characteristics of such a large vehicle. Drivers of commercial motor vehicles (CMVs) must adhere to the hours of service, which are regulations governing the driving hours of commercial drivers. These and all other rules regarding the safety of interstate commercial driving are issued by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA). The FMCSA is a division of the United States Department of Transportation (USDOT), which governs all transportation-related industries such as trucking, shipping, railroads, and airlines. Some other issues are handled by another branch of the USDOT, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA).
Developments in technology, such as computers, satellite communication, and the Internet, have contributed to many improvements within the industry. These developments have increased the productivity of company operations, saved the time and effort of drivers, and provided new, more accessible forms of entertainment to men and women who often spend long periods of time away from home. In 2006, the United States Environmental Protection Agency implemented revised emission standards for diesel trucks (reducing airborne pollutants emitted by diesel engines) which promises to improve air quality and public health.
The trucking industry has affected the political and economic history of the United States in the 20th century. Before the invention of automobiles, most freight was moved by train or horse-drawn vehicle.
Trucks were first used extensively by the military during World War I. With the increase in construction of paved roads, trucking began to achieve a significant foothold in the 1930s. Public safety concerns made it necessary to implement various government regulations (such as the 1965 hours of service rule; recently revised with a compliance date of July 1, 2012) of how long drivers were allowed to work and drive each day/week. In 1956, Taxpayers provided funds to build the Interstate Highway System, an extensive network of highways and freeways that linked major cities across the continent. The addition of Interstate Highway System also made it possible for the trucking industry to grow substantially in the late 1950s and early 1960s and trucking has come to dominate the freight industry in the latter portion of the 20th century.
Trucking achieved national attention during the 1960s and 70s, when songs and movies about truck driving were major hits. Truck drivers participated in widespread strikes against the rising cost of fuel, during the energy crises of 1973 and 1979. Congress deregulated the trucking industry with the passage of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980.
Advances in modern technology have enabled significant improvements within the trucking industry. Trucks are commonly equipped with satellite communication features, automatic transmissions are gaining in popularity, and truck stops featuring WiFi Internet access are now commonplace.
The satellite communications link (a white dome-shaped plastic shell) can be seen on top of the truck cab.
Developments in satellite technology have fostered increased communication and productivity within the trucking industry. Drivers may input the information from a bill of ladinginto a simple text-only dot matrix display screen (commonly called a "Qualcomm", for their ubiquitous OmniTRACS system). This allows the driver to communicate with their dispatcher, who is normally responsible for determining and informing the driver of their pick-up and drop-off locations. Drivers are no longer required to find the nearest public phone in order to relay information regarding their load status, it can be done without leaving the truck cab.
The driver inputs the information, using a keyboard, into an automated system of pre-formatted messages known as macros. There are macros for each stage of the loading and unloading process, such as "loaded and leaving shipper" and "arrived at final destination". This system also allows the company to track the driver's fuel usage, speed, gear optimization, engine idle time, location, direction of travel, and amount of time spent driving.
Trucks equipped with GPS satellite navigation units have enabled drivers to forgo a traditional paper-based map, saving time and effort. Drivers willing to pay for satellite radio or who work for a company that pays for it can listen to commercial-free music, sports, news, and talk radio coast-to-coast without interruption of signals between cities (as terrestrial radio signals are limited to a certain radius from the broadcasting tower). Digital satellite television allows smaller dish sizes, which means truck drivers are not limited to free terrestrial broadcast television and have more options about what they watch during their off-duty periods.
Increasingly, companies have been equipping their trucks with automatic transmissions for a variety of reasons. Operating a manual transmission requires more skill and attention on the part of the driver, partly due to the unsynchronized transmission found in heavy-duty trucks. Companies have found that switching from manual to automatic transmissions has many benefits, including increased fuel efficiency, increased driver retention, reduced wear and tear on the internal gears of transmissions (inexperienced drivers may frequently grind the gears if proper shifting techniques are not followed), reduced driver fatigue, and reduced accidents (manuals require more attention from the driver, thus increasing the chances for an accident). All of these factors together add up to benefit the company by reducing costs incurred from transmission repairs, accidents, and driver turnover (a driver frustrated by a manual transmission may decide to quit his/her job).
As of May 2015, over 90.0% of players in the United States long-distance freight trucking industry are owner-operators. Therefore, even the top corporate operators only hold a small share of the total market. According to the industry market research firm IBISWorld, J.B. Hunt Transport Services holds an estimated 2.5% market share, YRC Worldwide holds 1.8%, FedEx holds 1.6%, United Parcel Service of America owns 1.5%, and Con-way holds 1.4%.
Top 10 trucking companies by revenue in 2015.
The importance of trucking is communicated by the industry adage: "If you bought it, a truck brought it." Retail stores, hospitals, gas stations, garbage disposal, construction sites, banks, and even a clean water supply depends entirely upon trucks to distribute vital cargo. Even before a product reaches store shelves, the raw materials and other stages of production materials that go into manufacturing any given product are moved by trucks.
Today, railroads are primarily used to haul bulk quantities of cargo over long distances. Unless a manufacturing or distribution facility has a direct connection to the railroad, the remainder of the trip must be handled by truck. Recent implementation of "just in time" strategies have resulted in the increased use of trucks to help satisfy businesses' fluid inventory needs. Using this strategy, businesses gain the ability to reduce the costs associated with excess inventory and larger warehousing facilities by requiring more frequent deliveries. According to an industry group, many retail, commercial, and government services require daily or weekly deliveries to keep supplies or merchandise on hand. Many hospitals have also moved to "just in time" inventory systems. The nation's busiest gas stations require deliveries of fuel several times per day, while the average station receives fuel every two to three days. Grocery stores require deliveries of perishable food items every two to three days.
Trucks are vitally important to U.S. industry, however, measuring the impact of trucking on the economy is more difficult, because trucking services are so intertwined with all sectors of the economy. According to the measurable share of the economy that trucking represents, the industry directly contributes about 5 percent to the gross domestic product annually. In addition, the industry plays a critical support role for other transportation modes and for other sectors of the economy such as the resource, manufacturing, construction, and wholesale and retail trade industries.
Within the energy industry, approximately 4 percent of crude oil and petroleum products were shipped by truck in 2012. These shipments are handled by oil and gas logistics firms, which are midstream service providers that also handle transport by pipeline, rail, and barge. Dominant companies in this space include Aux Sable, Bridger Group, DCP Midstream, Enbridge Energy Partners, Enterprise Products Partners, Genesis Energy, Gibson Energy, Inergy Midstream, Kinder Morgan Energy Partners, Oneok Partners, Sunoco Logistics, Targa Midstream Services, TransCanada, and Williams Companies.
Agricultural products totaling $118,832,000, or 82.7 percent, were shipped by truck in 2007 (excluding animal feed, cereal grains, and forage products). About half of that agricultural freight was shipped by for-hire trucks and half by private trucks. More than 92 percent of prepared foods, including dairy products and prepared fruit, vegetable, and nut products, were moved by truck in 2007.
Within the health care industry, trucking moved $501,445,000 worth, or 65 percent of the total value, of pharmaceutical products in 2007.
Lumber and other wood products totaling $168,913,000 were shipped by truck in 2007, accounting for 91.9 percent of this class of product.
Over 80 percent of all communities in the US rely exclusively on trucks to deliver all of their fuel, clothing, medicine, and other consumer goods. The trucking industry employs 10 million people (out of a total national population of 300 million) in jobs that relate directly to trucking. The trucking industry is the industry of small business, considering 93 percent of interstate motor carriers (over 500,000) operate 20 or fewer trucks.
A division of the U.S. Department of Transportation, the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) regulates nearly all aspects of the trucking industry. Truck drivers are limited by the number of daily and weekly hours they may drive, the roads and highways they may drive upon, and a lower legal definition of drunkenness. The Federal Highway Administration has established 0.04 percent as the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) level at or above which a CMV driver is deemed to be driving under the influence of alcohol. States maintain a BAC level between 0.08 and 0.10 percent for non-CMV drivers. In some states, trucks also have special speed limits, in addition to restrictions on driving in certain lanes (normally the far right lanes of multi-lane highways).
Trucks come in many different sizes, creating the need for a truck classification system. Truck drivers are required to have a commercial driver's license (CDL) to operate a CMV carrying more than 16 passengers, carrying a certain amount of hazardous materials, or weighing in excess of 26,000 pounds (12,000 kg). Acquiring a CDL requires a skills test (driving test), and knowledge test (written test) covering the unique handling qualities of driving a large, heavily loaded 18-wheeler (e.g., backing maneuvers), and the mechanical systems required to operate such a vehicle (e.g., air brakes and vehicle inspection procedures).
Drivers are required to keep track of driving hours in a log book, using a time grid for each day along with information identifying the vehicle, driver, and company.
The FMCSA defines a CMV as a single or combination (truck and trailer) vehicle with a gross weight of 10,001 pounds (4,536 kg) or more, or a vehicle used to transport hazardous materials in quantities requiring the vehicle to be marked or placarded under the hazardous materials regulations. The length of time a driver may spend operating a CMV is limited by a set of rules known as the hours of service (HOS). These laws are designed to protect the general motoring public by reducing accidents caused by driver fatigue.
The first version of the HOS was enacted in 1938, and four revisions have been made since. The more recent revisions have relied on research into the human circadian rhythm (the tendency for humans to follow a natural 24-hour cycle with 8 hours of uninterrupted sleep). As of July 1, 2013, a driver is limited to 11 hours of actual driving within a 14-hour period, and requires a 30-minute break during the first 8 hours of on duty time. After which he/she must rest for 10 hours. The rules do not explicitly require that a driver must sleep, only that a driver must take a period of "rest" within the sleeper berth or off duty (i.e., at home).
Keeping track of a driver's HOS requires the use of a log book. A truck driver's log book is a legally defined form containing a grid outlining the 24-hour day into 15-minute increments. The driver must specify where and when he/she stopped between driving shifts, what duties were performed (if any), along with the driver's name, truck number, company info, and other information. The driver must also present his or her log book to authorities upon request, for inspection. In lieu of a log book, a motor carrier may substitute an electronic on-board recorder to record the driver's hours.
The FMCSA regulates the length, width, and weight limits of CMVs for interstate commercial traffic. Interstate commercial traffic is generally limited to a network of interstate freeways, U.S. highways and state highwaysknown as the National Network (NN). Provided the truck remains on the NN, they are not subject to the state limits. State limits (which can be lower or higher than federal limits) come into effect for intrastate commercial traffic, provided the vehicle is not on the NN.
There is no federal height limit, and states may set their own limits which range from 13 feet 6 inches (4.11 m) (mostly on the east coast) to 14 feet (4.3 m) (west coast)., As a result, the majority of trucks are somewhere between 13 feet 6 inches (4.11 m) and 14 feet (4.3 m) high. Truck drivers are responsible for checking bridge height clearances (usually indicated by a warning sign) before passing underneath an overpass or entering a tunnel. Not having enough vertical clearance can result in a "top out" or "bridge hit," causing considerable traffic delays and costly repairs for the bridge or tunnel involved.
The federal gross weight limit for a Class 8 truck is 80,000 pounds (36,000 kg) (combined weight of truck, trailer, and cargo) with axle weights limited to 12,000 pounds (5,400 kg) (steering axle) and 34,000 pounds (15,000 kg) (tandem axles). Truck drivers are responsible for checking their own vehicle's weight, usually by paying to be weighed at a truck stop scale. CMVs are subject to various state and federal laws regarding limitations on truck length (measured from bumper to bumper), and truck axle length (measured from axle to axle, or fifth wheel kingpin to axle for trailers). The relationship between axle weight and spacing, known as the Federal Bridge Gross Weight Formula, is designed to protect bridges. Truck weights and sizes are checked by state authorities at a weigh station or port-of-entry.
The cab and drive axle portion of a large capacity truck and trailer. Since the primary purpose of the Cab is to pull the trailer, it is rightly referred to as a tractor. The various kinds of tractors are Yard, Day, and Sleepers.
The bobtail is essentially the front of a tractor-trailer combo. The Bobtail has all the equipment typically seen on the truck of a tractor/trailer set up.
The flatbed is essentially a trailer without the enclosed portion on the back. The back or bed is flat and open. These are often referred to as Stake Beds.
The panel van does come in various sizes. As small as a mini-van and up to having a fairly large box on the bed of a truck. These are seen as box trucks.
The Hotshot vehicle or truck is essentially a pick-up with a larger load capacity than a personal truck. Hotshots are typically single axle 1-ton to 3-ton trucks, which can be either a dual or single tire.
Truck drivers are persons employed as the operator of a CMV. CMVs can be of varying shapes and sizes, from 10,000-pound (4,500 kg) pickup trucks assigned to haul specialized or small quantities of freight, all the way up to 80,000-pound (36,000 kg) semi-trailer trucks. Trucks are assigned a class rating based upon the gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR). The facts in this section refer to drivers of "heavy duty" trucks (with a GVWR of at least 26,000 pounds (12,000 kg), which require a commercial driver's license to operate).
Truck drivers spend up to 11 hours a day driving, and up to 14 hours a day engaged in various duties (including driving time) such as fueling, filling out paperwork, obtaining vehicle repairs, and conducting mandatory vehicle inspections. Long-haul drivers often spend weeks away from home, spending their time off and sleeping at truck stops or rest areas. Driving is relatively dangerous work, as truck drivers account for 12 percent and the highest total number of all work-related deaths, and are five times more likely to die on the job than the average worker. Smoking, lack of exercise, unhealthy eating habits, and work-related injuries also contribute to the driver's generally risk-prone lifestyle. A survey by the National Institutes of Health found 67 percent of long-haul drivers were smokers or had quit smoking.
In 2006, the U.S. trucking industry employed 1.8 million drivers of heavy trucks. A major problem for the long-haul trucking industry is that a large percentage of these drivers are aging, and are expected to retire. Very few new hires are expected in the near future, resulting in a driver shortage. As of 2005, within the long-haul sector, there is an estimated shortage of 20,000 drivers. That shortage was projected to increase to 111,000 by 2014, however the actual shortage of truck drivers in 2014 was around 38,000. The trucking industry (especially the long-haul sector) is also facing an image crisis due to the long working hours, long periods of time away from home, the dangerous nature of the work, and the average earnings compared to other forms of labor (such as construction, which was 1 percent higher than trucking in 2004).
Employee turnover within the long-haul trucking industry is notorious for being extremely high. In the 4th quarter of 2005, turnover within the largest carriers in the industry reached a record 136 percent, which means for every 100 new employees hired, 136 quit their jobs. This has resulted in a "revolving door" within most long-haul trucking companies, as drivers are constantly switching jobs or quitting the industry altogether. Driver turnover within the short-haul and less-than-truckload (LTL) industries is considerably less (around 15 percent), mainly due to the better working conditions, higher pay, and unionized workers. One study suggests that larger companies with irregular routes, longer average lengths of hauls, and older equipment experience much higher rates of driver turnover. |
0.99385 | “If people went missing in the US, you would not be surprised, but not in the island of saints and scholars” – Garda Assistant Commissioner Martin Donnellan.
When this journalist ended part one of this twisting series, young college student Annie McCarrick had vanished from the lives of those she loved. Her absence fell heavily on Rita Fortune and Hilary Brady, her two dinner guests. They were left outside Annie’s flat in the cold, knocking and receiving no answer from their host. Right away, this struck the pair as odd. In true Irish style, they retreated to the warmth of a nearby pub believing Annie was after losing track of time, just out and about. When the pair returned to McCarrick’s flat a half-hour later, yet again Annie did not appear when they knocked.
Rita and Hilary had a bond with Annie. They knew her better than anyone on the Irish side of the Atlantic. After all, Annie’s dinner party was supposed to be a way of thanking the couple for helping her find her footing in Ireland. They rang Annie later and were greeted by silence once again. They then rang Annie’s mother, Nancy McCarrick. Annie had been looking forward to her mother visiting her from America in the coming weeks.
It took another 48 hours, several calls to Annie’s place of work and Annie’s flatmates returning home to find a full Quinnsworth’s shopping bag before the feeling that something was amiss had become fully clear. This brings the series of events to a Monday, the 29th of March 1993.
The couple rang Nancy McCarrick to ask the dreaded question: ‘Have you heard from Annie at all?’. The hollow answer to this question brought Nancy to board a plane destined for Ireland, taking her trip earlier than she had ever expected.
From the airport, the trio grouped together and went to the local Garda station to report Annie missing – roughly eighty hours since the young woman was last seen.
It took seven more days for an appeal to be issued to the public asking for information. That was the first use of the iconic photo of Annie McCarrick, labelling her as missing.
The McCarrick family did not have belief in the Irish Gardaí from the start. The first two weeks had not brought their daughter anywhere close to being in their arms.
The Gardaí’s efforts brought the bouncer at Johnny Fox’s pub forward with information, as detailed in my previous Unanswered article. This alleged sighting of Annie is now strongly believed to have not been Annie at all, but an American tourist. Similar sightings thought to be Annie came forward, further confusing the timeline of the investigation.
Every morning throughout the two-month period the McCarrick family resided in Ireland looking for their beloved Annie, they left their B&B to visit the surrounding areas and search. Their own investigation revealed a more reliable, local sighting. A shop assistant reportedly remembered a young woman with a distinctive American accent buying postage stamps.
Whether McCarrick had taken the bus to go walking in solitude in the fresh air, or whether she was enjoying a gig at the local pub still remains a mystery, and pales in comparison to the personal information the Gardaí seized from one of Annie’s friends. For a while, the lead focus of the investigation had been a man McCarrick had worked with and had possible romantic connections with. According to some local gossip, Annie had shared with her friend that she had a brief meeting with the man in question on the previous Saturday. She admitted that she had gone ‘too far’ with him and just wanted to forget about the situation.
When Annie’s mystery man’s alibi was proven false, the excuse for his gross lie was that he was covering for himself. He was terrified that his girlfriend would find out about his affair with Annie. Strangely enough (or maybe not so much), the Gardaí never revisited this character and his possible role in Annie’s disappearance. Maybe this was down to the male culture that is still plastered across Ireland today. Boys will be boys, won’t they? Or perhaps it was down to the lack of feminine touch to the investigation, bar Annie’s mother.
As I have warned you before, reader, there is a foggy and sad energy surrounding Annie’s case. Annie’s disappearance serves as a beginning edge for the Vanishing Triangle.
Annie’s family went home to America, at a loss.
Several years later, in 2009, a connection was made with the original bouncer sighting. New information came to light on the man who had paid for the entry of Annie McCarrick to Johnny Fox’s Pub. The suspect was identified as a hitman for the West Belfast Brigade of the Irish Republican Army (IRA). Annie’s second mystery man was on the run from the North side of Ireland for murder. On the date in question, it is believed he had been staying with some friends in a safehouse near the pub.
Retired Detective Sergeant Alan Bailey recalls the informant who had brought the information forward as being a “very reliable source”.
Does this sound like the plot of the next all-Ireland film? Disturbingly so.
According to the source, the hitman was attracted to Annie. A mixture of drink and Annie’s fascination with all things Ireland are perceived to have been the perfect situation for the suspect to spill all of his and the IRA’s deepest, darkest secrets to the young woman. Annie was now, unknowingly, packed full of lethal information. Whether she was disgusted, or if the man had gone too far and mentioned his fellow members by name is unknown. He copped on to the potential consequences awaiting him by burdening Annie with this information. It has been suggested that he offered her a lift or scared her into his Ford Sierra. This man was cunning, though. According to the source, he made sure to go to the bathroom while Annie made her way into the parking lot – giving no chance for witnesses spotting them leaving together.
What he allegedly did next, I will keep within the words of Sergeant Bailey, “[he] drove her up the mountains where he killed her, and concealed her body behind some bushes”.
When the hitman returned to his safehouse, he told his friends a warped version of what had happened, with Annie cast in the role of a Northern spy. He and his friends worked together to move the deceased McCarrick somewhere she would never be found, to the Dublin or Wicklow mountains; and they were successful.
The villainous IRA man reportedly returned to the North shortly afterwards. He was once again exiled from the IRA when allegations of sexual assault were made against him by the teenage daughter of a powerful Republican. He relocated permanently to America (of all places) and survived on work at a pub given to him by a sympathiser.
The McCarrick’s belief is firmly in the theory that it was Larry Murphy, an Irish convicted sexual criminal, who was the last person to see their daughter.
The dots connect with Murphy and connect to the other women in the Triangle. Murphy was jailed for 15 years in 2000 after being caught in the act of abducting and attempting to murder a Carlow businesswoman. The woman’s life was miraculously spared thanks to two men passing by and finding Murphy trying to suffocate his victim with a plastic bag. Her fate, much like Annie’s suggested fate, would have been a burial in the Wicklow mountains. It is generally believed this was not his first time committing such a grievous act, due to his remarks made while he was being questioned on the Carlow woman’s injuries, “Well, she’s alive, isn’t she?” and “She was lucky”, his remorse and humanity are non-existent. By coincidence or by device, the Vanishing Triangle came to a halt once Larry Murphy was thrown behind bars.
Larry Murphy, like our IRA suspect, was believed to have been residing outside of Ireland after his release in 2010 after serving just 10 years of his sentence. He now lives in Mullingar with his fellow crime buddies, always under the sharp eye of the press.
The McCarrick family still have hope in their hearts that someday Annie will be brought back to them. Every now and then they set foot on the cold damp ground of Ireland, knowing that their daughter is somewhere out there in the thousands of miles of green. They meet with investigators, get updated on any progress and meet with journalists, trying to make sure that Annie is not forgotten.
In every statement the McCarricks have given to the press, they make one thing clear: Annie is not a legend. She is a person – a person who is deeply loved and missed.
It is important to remember Annie as an individual and as still missing. She is also a signifier of Ireland’s entry into the modern world. Reminding the Green Isle that it is not isolated and cannot make its own morals and rulings. And maybe it is fair to say that Ireland’s lack of reaction and the slow movement of the investigation was a foreshadowing welcome mat for what was to come. |
0.999685 | The world's superpowers possess enough nuclear weapons to annihilate an enemy state, should a full-scale attack be launched. As a result, a threatened state with a similarly destructive arsenal of nuclear weapons would declare an intent to launch them as soon as an incoming threat was detected, in order both to deter a first strike, and to provide a chance of retaliation if a first-strike were to destroy launch stations or control facilities. In this scenario, both sides would suffer unacceptably heavy losses in what is known as 'Mutual Assured Destruction'. The theory is that this will lead to a tense but stable peace. The theory fails if early-warning systems malfunction, or if either side deems mutual destruction to be acceptable. |
0.999983 | what is a vector art file?
A vector is a mathematic representation of some geometric form. If you remember back in math class, (either Algebra or Geometry), your teacher most likely gave you a function and then had you draw it on an x/y axis. This would be a basic example of a vector-based graphic. Programs such as Adobe Illustrator, InDesign, and Corel Draw are all natively vector-based applications that allow designers to create artwork where the resulting file is a collection of vectors. Some examples of vector-based file extensions are .AI, .CDR, .EPS, .PDF, etc.
Vector files are resolution-independent—thus, their resolution is determined only by the output device. Because vector elements are mathematically-defined, scaling (enlarging or reducing their size) simply requires modification of their component mathematical descriptions. |
0.996014 | Until the late 1990's, the Jubilee Line was the largest extension of London's underground system. Today, central London and areas from East to West are to benefit from Crossrail; a brand new extension of the underground which will be a high speed railway, with 73 miles of extra track length. Crossrail is no new project and has been discussed since 1974, when a study into the railway's capacity was undertaken. By 2005, the construction of Crossrail was approved and by 2009 construction begun. Crossrail is now Europe's largest and most ambitious infrastructure project to date and will greatly benefit the housing market industry; through regeneration projects.
Regeneration, re-development and rejuvenation of many areas of East and West London in particular have become the focal point for many developers reaching out to invest. Crossrail has been used as an incentive to apply for planning permission to build new housing developments as well as build and improve current stations which will facilitate Crossrail. The idea is to house an expected 1.5million extra people in the capital who are seeking to move closer to within a 45 minute commute of London. Knight Frank UK ascertained from research that 91% of tenants in the capital wish to live within 1km of a transport link, making housing market activity extremely volatile to change and to shift towards higher end prices. Demand is high and in areas such as Brentwood, Shenfield, Ealing Broadway and Stratford, there has been a lot of buy-t0-let investors as well as buyers and sellers. Crossrail is regenerating London's housing scene for the better and is highlighting pocketed areas of the capital which will now see a greater influx of people moving to the capital and to areas once neglected.
Crossrail is regenerating London's housing scene. |
0.948298 | Positive Reviews: Nicely decorated, clean and bright. The place is quite spacious and comfortable with great view and well-decorated. They have a small rooftop pool outside of the restaurant, that can be used for cocktail party. Three small rooms can be opened up into one big room, which is appropriate for an intimate reception. One big room can accommodate up to 25 tables, whereas the common area (outside of the rooms) can accommodate up to 45 tables. The dishes served was pretty good, in term of taste. The waiters are really helpful and polite. Parking is easy as they have a multi-level carpark. Price is acceptable.
Negative Reviews: Had difficulty finding the restaurant, which is located on the top floor of the mall. The Restaurant entrance is confusing. The mall looks new but empty. The reflection of the ceiling lights was pretty intense and too bright. Too many pillars in the hall. Might be able to hear the noise from another wedding celebration going-on in the common area and share the banquet hall with other married couples or walk-in guests if wedding is small. They do have a smaller banquet hall outside, the condition is not that ideal although it's more private compared to the rooms in the common area. Seafood is not very fresh.
We arrived and parked, but had difficulty finding the restaurant, which is located on the top floor of the building. The mall itself looks new but empty. Our biggest concern was, the restaurant may close-down in a couple of months due to lack of patronage in the mall.
The restaurant in use is nicely decorated, clean and bright. The flooring was tiled all the way (the reflection of the ceiling lights were pretty intense for me), including the banquet rooms. They have a small rooftop pool outside of the restaurant, that can be used for cocktail hour on a non-rainy day. Three small banquet rooms can be opened up into one big room, which is appropriate for our intimate reception. One big banquet room can accommodate up to 25 tables, whereas the common area (outside of the banquet rooms) can accommodate up to 45 tables. This suggested that if we decide to have our celebration in the banquet rooms, we might be able to listen to another wedding celebration/commotion going-on in the common area (which is why I'm opposed to sharing banquet halls with other married couples or walk-in guests).
Price wise is acceptable, considering the good food reviews we found from the internet. Verdict: I believe this venue can be considered if we were having a big celebration. Although they do have a smaller banquet hall outside, the stench of cockroaches is unbearable, and my handsome saw a rat running in the area (eeks!) In addition, we can't accept the layout of the smaller banquet hall although it's more private compared to the banquet rooms in the common area.
I am here, finally at 7.40 pm. This Restaurant entrance are confusing. Sigh. The dishes served that night was pretty good, in term of the taste. Freshest wise for seafood are not that fresh though. Example the fish was overcooked and the prawn in butter sauce was very thick and good, but the fresh was not that fresh. Nevertheless I enjoy my time with my colleagues and friends here.
At night, we have a sumptuous wedding dinner at Dynasty Dragon Seafood Restaurant, SS2 Mall. the waiters there are really helpful and polite. the condition there is quite spacious and comfortable with great view and well-decorated.
Dynasty Dragon @ SS2 Mall - this is new mall. The restaurant have branches in Summit as well. SS2 Mall will be newer, parking is easy as they have multi-level carpark. Fairly big I would say.
my fiance not really like Dynasty Dragon (he comments the lighting is too bright).
We went SS2 mall dynasty dragon. too many pillars everywhere.
the food not bad. my fren just held her wedding dinner there.
Big hall (common area) with pillars and tile flooring. Nicely decorated, clean and bright. |
0.999969 | Fill in the blank with the appropriate word.
____________________ are additions to software that help a user prevent or fix problems, improve the performance of the computer, or enhance the computing experience.
Updates are additions to software that help a user prevent or fix problems, improve the performance of the computer, or enhance the computing experience. Turning on Microsoft Update will open Windows Update, where the user can check for any new Microsoft updates.
Which of the following components can be installed independently without the MED-V management console by clearing the Install the MED-V management application checkbox during installation?
The MED-V client component can be installed independently without the MED-V management console by clearing the Install the MED-V management application checkbox during installation. Answer: B is incorrect. The MED-V management console permits the user to manage the MED-V Client Policy, Image Distribution, and Reporting.
Answer: A is incorrect. The MED-V image repository server is an IIS server that stores the VMs, and enables the VM versioning as well as the VM retrieval and distribution using the Trim Transfer technology.
Answer: C is incorrect. The MED-V management server is used to provide centralized management of VMs stored in the MED-V image repository and deployed VMs.
You work as a Network Administrator for www.company.com Inc. You need to display information about events, such as programs starting or stopping, or security errors, that are recorded in event logs. Which of the following actions will you perform to accomplish the task?
Event Viewer, a component of Windows operating systems, lets administrators and users examine the event logs on a local or remote computer. In an operating system, components can make use of this centralized log service to report events that have taken place, such as a failure to start a component or complete an action. The system defines three log sources: System, Application, and Security.
1. Users who access your computer.
2. What resources users are authorized to use on your computer.
3. Whether or not a user’s or group’s actions are recorded in the event log. Answer: A is incorrect. Memory Diagnostic tools test the Random Access Memory (RAM) on the user’s computer for errors. The diagnostic includes an inclusive set of memory tests. If problems occur while running a system, you can use the diagnostic tools to determine whether the problems are caused by failing hardware, such as RAM or the memory system of the motherboard. Windows Memory Diagnostic tools are designed to be easy and fast.
Answer B is incorrect. Computer Management administers local or remote computers by using a single, consolidated desktop tool.
Using Computer Management, you can perform many tasks, such as monitoring system events, configuring hard disks, and managing system performance. Computer Management, or Microsoft Management Console (MMC), is a component that provides system administrators and advanced users an interface for configuring and monitoring the system. Snap-ins and the management console can host Component Object Model components called snap-ins. Administration tools are implemented as MMC snap-ins.
You are the administrator for tvloft.com. As part of a technology refresh, you are planning an upgrade of all company computers from Windows XP to Windows 7. Before deploying this company wide, you test this upgrade in the lab. However, when you put the Windows 7 setup media into the test computer, you do not have the option to upgrade. All computers meet the minimum requirements. Why is this option not available?
System components do not meet minimum standard.
Windows XP to Windows 7 is not supported.
You need to reboot the computer and choose boot from CD.
The option to upgrade is not available in Windows 7 Setup when installing Windows 7 to a computer that is running Windows XP.
Answer A is incorrect. All computers were said to meet the minimum requirements.
Answer C is incorrect. Booting from CD will not change the upgrade options.
Answer D is incorrect. You have no reason to believe that the DVD ROM is bad. It was able to start up the Windows Setup.
You work as a Network Administrator for www.company.com Inc. You have implemented the registry-based group policy on your network. The TIFF language family differs from the System default language. You want to set the language code page for indexing TIFF document content. Which of the following policies will you implement to accomplish the task?
The Set OCR languages from a code page policy sets the language code page for indexing TIFF document content if the TIFF language family differs from the System default language.
Answer A is incorrect. The Remove See More Results/ Search Everywhere link policy hides the See More Results/Search Everywhere link on the Start Menu.
Answer D is incorrect. The Remove the Search the Internet “Search again” button policy blocks access to Internet search from Windows Explorer.
Answer B is incorrect. The Turn off the display of snippets in Content view policy disables showing snippets of file contents by default when a search is returned.
Fill in the blank with the appropriate term.
____________ is the installation and configuration of the Forefront Endpoint Protection client software in a computer.
Forefront Endpoint Protection client deployment is the installation and configuration of the Forefront Endpoint Protection client software in a computer. Before deploying the Forefront Endpoint Protection client software to computers in a production environment, a user should learn about the deployment process, create a deployment plan based on the organization’s security requirements, and test the plan in a lab environment.
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate terms.
Each document that is sent to a printer is called a_____________________. A line of print jobs waiting to print is called a_____________________.
Each document that is sent to a printer is called a print job. A line of print jobs waiting to print is called a print queue. Most of the print jobs hit the queue and end up printed without any problem.
You work as a Server Administrator for www.company.com Inc. The company has a Windows-based network environment. All client computers on the network run Windows 7 Ultimate and all servers run Windows Server 2008 R2. You want to remove some applications and registry entries of the server. For this, you edit the registry and restart the system. You find that the system stops responding even before the logon screen appears. You want to restore the system to its previous configuration. What will you do?
Restart the system using the Enable Boot Logging option.
Restart the system using the Directory Services Restore Mode option.
Restart the system using the Repair Your Computer option.
Restart the system using the Last Known Good Configuration option.
In order to restore the system to its previous configuration, you should restart the system using the Last Known Good Configuration option.
The Last Known Good Configuration option is used to start Windows with the last registry and driver configuration that worked successfully.
Answer: A is incorrect. The Enable Boot Logging option is used to create the ntbtlog.txt file to list all the drivers that are installed during startup.
Answer: B is incorrect. The Directory Services Restore Mode option is used to start Windows domain controller running Active Directory so that the directory service can be restored. Answer: C is incorrect. The Repair Your Computer option is used to display a list of system recovery tools that can be used to repair startup problems, run diagnostics, and restore the system.
You work as a Database Administrator for Softech Inc. You want to create network connections, such as Local Area Networks (LANs) and Internet connections. Which of the following applets will you use to accomplish this task?
The Network Connections option displays and permits a user to edit or create network connections, such as Local Area Networks (LANs) and Internet connections. It also provides troubleshooting functions in case the computer has to be reconnected to the network.
1. General: This specifies the homepage and color schemes and permits the user to delete Internet usage history.
2. Security & Privacy: These specify whether the computer should permit websites to start certain processes and download cookies.
This panel also gives access to the inbuilt pop-up blocker and the phishing controls.
3. Content: It permits the parental controls and auto-complete to be configured and also specifies how to deal with certificates.
odem connection and email client, proxy settings, and other advanced configurations.
Answer C is incorrect. Accessibility Options permit users to organize the accessibility of their computer. This option comprises a variety of settings mainly aimed at users with disabilities or hardware problems.
Answer D is incorrect. This option allows for configuration of how folders and files are presented in Windows Explorer. It is basically used to configure folders in the computer system.
Rick works as a Desktop Administrator for www.company.com Inc. The company wants to network all computers so that the computers can share files and printers. All the computers are running Windows 7 Professional. There are some files that are not confidential and can be modified by anyone. He can set up sharing with only one printer at each cabin. How can Rick permit network files to be modified by all users of the organization?
Enable public folder access on the computers.
Save the files to a USB thumb drive and insist that the users copy the files to the drive.
Disable public folder access on the computers.
Create email accounts for the users so that they can modify files and send them to one another.
Public folders allow all the users to have complete access to the contents. The network profile must be modified to allow this feature.
Answer B, D, and C are incorrect. These are not correct ways to permit network files to be modified by all users of the organization. |
0.998811 | ‘Single inhaler therapy’ means that a single inhaler containing two drugs is used. One of these drugs acts quickly and is called the "reliever". The other works much more slowly and is called the "preventer". The reliever is a beta-agonist bronchodilator, which help to open the airways and help people breathe more easily. The preventer is a steroid that controls the underlying inflammation in the lungs, which is caused by the asthma. People on 'single inhaler therapy' (SiT) have one inhaler for use every day to control their underlying inflammation and also for symptom relief. The idea behind SiT is that when people take their inhalers to reduce their shortness of breath or wheezing they will also be getting an increased dose of the steroid preventer.
We wanted to discover whether using the SiT was better or worse than alternatives, such as receiving two separate inhalers for regular treatment and relief of symptoms.
We reviewed the clinical trials that looked at SiT against inhaled steroids and reliever medication given as two separate inhalers (sometimes called current best practice).
We found 13 trials on 13,152 adults and one trial also included 224 children, up to February 2013. The trials were all sponsored by the manufacturer of the single inhaler.
When compared with current best practice or higher doses of inhaled steroid, we found that SiT probably reduces the number of flare-ups that will need treatment with an oral steroid in adults but we are uncertain whether the number of adults admitted to hospital would be reduced. When compared with high doses of inhaled steroids, we found that fewer people experienced a flare-up that needed treatment with an oral steroid.
The results for death (1 per 1000 people given either treatment), or life threatening problems (just under 50 per 1000 people given either treatment), were too imprecise to enable us to rule out either treatment being more harmful than the other. More adults left the trial early because they experienced adverse effects in the group taking single inhalers. There was only one small trial in children, so we are unable to make any firm conclusions in children.
The studies were generally well-designed, although in the studies which compared SiT against current best practice people knew which treatment they were getting, and this could have affected the reliability of the results. The studies comparing SiT against inhaled steroids were designed differently and were more reliable. Overall, we think that more evidence from future trials might change the strength of the conclusions for the question of whether SiT is better than current best practice. We believe that there is good quality evidence that SiT is more effective than high dose inhaled steroids, although the studies recruited people who were likely to respond.
Single inhaler therapy has now been demonstrated to reduce exacerbations requiring oral corticosteroids against current best practice strategies and against a fixed higher dose of inhaled steroids. The strength of evidence that SiT reduces hospitalisation against these same treatments is weak. There were more discontinuations due to adverse events on SiT compared to current best practice, but no significant differences in serious adverse events. Our confidence in these conclusions is limited by the open-label design of the trials, and by the unknown adherence to treatment in the current best practice arms of the trials.
Single inhaler therapy can reduce the risk of asthma exacerbations needing oral corticosteroids in comparison with fixed dose maintenance ICS and separate relief medication. The reduced odds of exacerbations with SiT compared with higher dose ICS should be viewed in the context of the possible impact of LABA withdrawal during study run-in. This may have made the study populations more likely to respond to SiT.
Single inhaler therapy is not currently licensed for children under 18 years of age in the United Kingdom and there is currently very little research evidence for this approach in children or adolescents.
Traditionally inhaled treatment for asthma has used separate preventer and reliever therapies. The combination of formoterol and budesonide in one inhaler has made possible a single inhaler for both prevention and relief of symptoms (single inhaler therapy or SiT).
To assess the efficacy and safety of budesonide and formoterol in a single inhaler for maintenance and reliever therapy in asthma compared with maintenance with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) (alone or as part of current best practice) and any reliever therapy.
We searched the Cochrane Airways Group trials register in February 2013.
Parallel, randomised controlled trials of 12 weeks or longer in adults and children with chronic asthma. Studies had to assess the combination of formoterol and budesonide as SiT, against a control group that received inhaled steroids and a separate reliever inhaler.
We included 13 trials involving 13,152 adults and one of the trials also involved 224 children (which have been separately reported). All studies were sponsored by the manufacturer of the SiT inhaler. We considered the nine studies assessing SiT against best practice to be at a low risk of selection bias, but a high risk of detection bias as they were unblinded.
In adults whose asthma was not well-controlled on ICS, the reduction in hospital admission with SiT did not reach statistical significance (Peto odds ratio (OR) 0.81; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.45 to 1.44, eight trials, N = 8841, low quality evidence due to risk of detection bias in open studies and imprecision). The rates of hospital admission were low; for every 1000 people treated with current best practice six would experience a hospital admission over six months compared with between three and eight treated with SiT. The odds of experiencing exacerbations needing treatment with oral steroids were lower with SiT compared with control (OR 0.83; 95% CI 0.70 to 0.98, eight trials, N = 8841, moderate quality evidence due to risk of detection bias). For every 100 adults treated with current best practice over six months, seven required a course of oral steroids, whilst for SiT there would be six (95% CI 5 to 7). The small reduction in time to first severe exacerbation needing medical intervention was not statistically significant (hazard ratio (HR) 0.94; 95% CI 0.85 to 1.04, five trials, N = 7355). Most trials demonstrated a reduction in the mean total daily dose of ICS with SiT (mean reduction was based on self-reported data from patient diaries and ranged from 107 to 385 µg/day). Withdrawals due to adverse events were more common in people treated with SiT in comparison to current best practice (OR 2.85; 95% CI 1.89 to 4.30, moderate quality evidence due to risk of detection bias).
Three studies including 4209 adults compared SiT with higher dose budesonide maintenance and terbutaline for symptom relief. The studies were considered as low risk of bias. The run-in for these studies involved withdrawal of LABA, and patients were recruited who were symptomatic during run-in. The reduction in the odds of hospitalisation with SiT compared with higher dose ICS did not reach statistical significance (Peto OR; 0.56; 95% CI 0.28 to 1.09, moderate quality evidence due to imprecision). Fewer patients on SiT needed a course of oral corticosteroids (OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.45 to 0.64, high quality evidence). For every 100 adults treated with ICS over 11 months, 18 required a course of oral steroids, whilst for SiT there would be 11 (95% CI 9 to 12). Withdrawals due to adverse events were less common in people treated with SiT in comparison to higher dose budesonide maintenance (OR 0.57; 95% CI 0.35 to 0.93, high quality evidence).
One study included children (N = 224), in which SiT was compared with higher dose budesonide. There was a significant reduction in participants who needed an increase in their inhaled steroids with SiT, but there were only two hospitalisations for asthma and no separate data on courses of oral corticosteroids. Less inhaled and oral corticosteroids were used in the SiT group and the annual height gain was also 1 cm greater in the SiT group, (95% CI 0.3 cm to 1.7 cm).
The results for fatal serious adverse events were too rare to rule out either treatment being harmful. There was no significant difference found in non-fatal serious adverse events for any of the comparisons. |
0.56548 | * Identify "Best Time" for Studying: Everyone has high and low periods of attention and concentration. Are you a "morning person" or a "night person". Use your power times to study; use the down times for routines.
* Study Difficult Subjects First: When you are fresh, you can process information more quickly and save time as a result.
* Use Distributed Learning and Practice: Study in shorter time blocks with short breaks between. This keeps you from getting fatigued and "wasting time." This type of studying is efficient because while you are taking a break, the brain is still processing the information.
* Make Sure the Surroundings are Conducive to Studying: This will allow you to reduce distractions which can "waste time." If there are times in the residence halls or your apartment when you know there will be noise and commotion, use that time for mindless tasks.
* Make Room for Entertainment and Relaxation: You need to have a social life, yet, you need to have a balance in your life.
* Make Sure you Have Time to Sleep and Eat Properly: Sleep is often an activity (or lack of activity) that students use as their time management "bank." When they need a few extra hours for studying or socializing, they withdraw a few hours of sleep. Doing this makes the time they spend studying less effective because they will need a couple hours of clock time to get an hour of productive time. This is not a good way to manage yourself in relation to time. |
0.950783 | A subsidiary of chocolate bar-maker Mars has been sponsoring savage bear-baiting contests in in Ukraine, an animal charity's investigation has revealed.
Video taken by activists shows tape branded with the name Royal Canin being used at a competition which took place earlier this year near Vinnytsia, at the heart of the Eastern European country.
The French pet food company, which was bought by Mars around a decade ago, said it was 'horrified' to learn that it had sponsored the brutal contest.
Footage released by international animal welfare group Four Paws shows an event staged in woods where several dogs are set on a chained brown bear as a small audience of men look on.
The animal has had its claws removed and its movements controlled by several men tugging on the chain, stopping it from mounting an effective defence against the dogs, which continually bite and harry the animal.
Eventually the panicked bear begins to foam at the mouth from exhaustion and fear. The video shows a table laden with Royal Canin-branded trophies for the most aggressive dogs in the competition.
Royal Canin, which makes food for cats and dogs, promotes itself with the slogan 'respecting the animal nature of dogs and cats'.
But the evidence gathered by Four Paws will horrify animal lovers. The charity says it has evidence that Royal Canin has sponsored more than one bear-baiting contest.
Dr Amir Khalil, a vet and project leader for the charity, speaking to The Observer, questioned Royal Canin's stated commitment to animal wellbeing.
'By sponsoring bear-baiting, Royal Canin is reducing wild animals like the brown bear to the rank of second-class animals,' he said.
Four Paws has a memorandum of understanding with the Ukrainian government's department of ecology to eradicate bear baiting. Nevertheless, such contests still take place between four and six times a year, the organisation said.
Although brown bears are, on paper, legally protected in the country, it has for a long time faced accusations of cruelty towards the animals, which are often forced to perform in Ukrainian zoos and circuses.
There are estimated to be between 15 and 20 baiting bears in Ukraine, according to Four Paws.
A spokesman for the charity said: 'They live cruel lives in tiny cages with nothing but a concrete floor, and they are only released from these cages for training or to be attacked by hunting dogs.
Whether sourced from zoos, circuses or the wild, most baiting bears are snatched from their mothers at just a few months old. Most undergo a painful procedure to have their claws removed.
Four Paws said Royal Canin had admitted to its involvement in the contest.
Royal Canin said that after Four Paws alerted it to the 'humbling' incident in May it had taken immediate action to cease its sponsorship of bear-baiting contests.
MailOnline contacted Mars UK for comment, but at the time of writing was still awaiting a response. |
0.998432 | We are facing one of the sites with the best desserts in New York, so I recommend you leave a space for dessert if you come one day to lunch or dinner at Serendipity.
We are in front of one of the best known restaurants in Manhattan, and it is not precisely because of its food, that it is rich, its fame especially came through a movie, Serendipity, and its spectacular desserts, all delicious.
It's worth stopping to admire its decoration while we eat, their ice creams are great but they are huge so it is better to ask them to share: Strawberry Fields Sundae, Forbidden Broadway Sundae and "Can not Say No" Sundae.
Of course, his fame is so great that there is usually enough queue to enter and they have enabled some banks in the street to be able to wait seated, so I recommend to go during the week and better to the hours in which the New Yorkers do not tend to eat or dine. As in all restaurants in New York, it is not bad to go just to have dessert, so if you have eaten anywhere and at mid-afternoon you are hungry, without a doubt a good choice for your snack will be to go to Serendipity and ask the dessert directly, probably that day you will not have dinner. |
0.999998 | Quick and easy crockpot chicken alfredo recipe, made with simple ingredients. An easy weeknight meal – Rich, creamy, cheesy, loaded with Italian seasoning.
This meal is just as delicious as my One Pot Fettuccine Alfredo (Stovetop Version) and a classic comfort food.
Can you make chicken alfredo in the crockpot/ slow cooker?
Place in slow cooker, along with Alfredo sauce.
Garnish with parmesan cheese and you are done.
Can you cook fettuccine in a slow cooker?
I prefer mixing in cooked pasta but yes, you can cook fettuccine pasta in crockpot too. However, you would need to add more liquid such as broth or milk to allow it to cook/boil properly.
-Mushrooms– Add 1/4 cup cream of mushroom soup and also add some stir-fried sliced mushrooms in the crockpot during the last 15 minutes.
-Shrimp– Add shrimp during the last 30 minutes and let it cook. However, I, personally, prefer stir-frying the shrimps with some Italian seasoning, garlic, salt and pepper first and then mixing it with everything else in the slow cooker during the last 15 minutes.
-Spinach– Add 3/4 cup frozen spinach that has been thawed and drained of excess water in the last 30 minutes.
-Tortellini– Replace fettuccine pasta with boiled three cheese tortellini.
-Bacon– Sprinkle 1/3 cup cooked crumbled bacon on top, just prior to serving.
-Cajun seasoning– Replace Italian seasoning with Cajun for a different flavor.
-Cheese– Add a variety of cheeses at the end such as parmesan, mozzarella and even cheddar.
-Spice– For a spicy kick, sprinkle some red chili flakes on top, prior to serving.
-Adjust the amount of Italian seasoning, based on your preference.
-You must spray the inside of the slow cooker with oil to prevent sticking and burning.
-Cook time may vary, based on the brand of slow cooker you are using. For me, chicken was cooked through at 2.5 hours on low setting. Some slow cookers may require a little more time.
-Use flavored alfredo sauce such as roasted garlic alfredo because it has so much more flavor. Any brand of sauce can be used.
-Homemade alfredo sauce can be used instead of the store-bought version.
-Serving suggestion: You can either mix the boiled pasta with the crockpot alfredo sauce in the slow cooker at the very end like I did OR pour the sauce over boiled pasta.
-If the sauce is too thick, thin it out by adding some half and half, milk.
-Instead of fettuccine, any other pasta like penne or macaroni or spaghetti can be used.
– The alfredo sauce gets absorbed into the pasta and becomes thicker, as it cools. That’s why I think it tastes best when served fresh.
Rub Italian seasoning, garlic powder, salt and pepper throughly over the chicken breasts and place them in a slow cooker (that has been sprayed with oil).
Pour alfredo sauce on top of the chicken. Mix it all together.
Cover and cook on low for 2.5 hours or until chicken is fully cooked.
Remove chicken breasts and use a sharp knife to cut them into small cubes and put them back in the slow cooker and mix everything together gently. You can also shred the chicken, if you like.
Add the boiled pasta in the slow cooker and mix everything together.
Garnish with parmesan cheese, some pepper and Italian seasoning.
Tastes best when served immediately but leftovers can be stored in a sealed container in the fridge for up to 2 days. |
0.999994 | After six years of Sannyas, Sachin Tendulkar has entered the name of the world record, not too easy for Virat to break it.
After six years of the cricket, God's saying, Sachin Tendulkar, has been on top of his unique record since retiring from international cricket. Sachin to play 463 ODI match for India, the best fours in ODI cricket still hold the top on the list. The name of Sachin who retiring from international ODI cricket in the year 2012 has a record of 2016 fours in 452 shifts. After Sachin is Sri Lanka's legendary opener Sanath Jayasuriya, who has 1500 fours in 433 shifts of 445 matches. Jayasuriya's team-mates remained former skipper Kumar Sangakkara is the third number with 1385 squares in 404 ODI matches. The Aussies won the title twice in their captaincy as former skipper Ricky Ponting is the fourth number with 1231 squares in 375 matches.
After Sachin is Sri Lanka's legendary opener Sanath Jayasuriya, who has 1500 fours in 433 shifts of 445 matches. Jayasuriya's team-mates remained former skipper Kumar Sangakkara is the third number with 1385 squares in 404 ODI matches. The Aussies won the title twice in their captaincy as former skipper Ricky Ponting is the fourth number with 1231 squares in 375 matches.
Australia's only former wicketkeeper-batsman Adam Gilchrist is up by 1162 fours in 287 matches in this case fifth. West Indies batsman Chris Gayle is the only batsman in the present time who have not yet retired from international cricket and has planted more than 1000 fours. Gayle has rooted 1061 fours so far in 276 ODI matches. Among them are former Indian explosive batsman V Sehwag (1132 fours in 251 matches), Saurabh Ganguly (1122 fours in 311 matches), Sri Lanka veteran Mahela Jarayavaradhane (448 fours in 1119 matches).
Former Indian wicketkeeper-batsman and wall name Rahul Dravid has had 950 fours in 344 matches, but his name is only 42 sixes. In the name of Sachin, where is the record to find the highest fours, the former allrounder player in Pakistan has recorded the highest Sixers blow? Afridi has planted 351 sixes in 398 matches. Thereafter Chris Gayle is second with 275 sixes. |
0.999999 | Please help answer the following questions about global expansion in at least 300 words.
Task: Should all organizations become global? Why or why not? What are some factors that may discourage organizations from expanding globally? What are some benefits of expanding globally?
Should all organizations become global? Why or why not?
No, not all organizations should become global. There are specific reasons listed in the following two responses but generally speaking, the goal of becoming larger and more diversified is not necessarily the optimum for every organization. Some organizations become highly profitable by limiting their range of products or services, or by being notable in their industry for quality and service, rather than size and diversity.
This solution discusses whether all organizations should become global, with factors that may discourage organizations from expanding globally and some of the benefits in 322 words.
Benefits of Expanding Globally: Should all organizations become global organizations? |
0.946531 | As it is impossible to investigate the social life of fossil prosimians (but see Krishtalka et al., 1990; Plavcan et al., 2002), a reconstruction of the ancestral condition of primate social organization has to be based on what is known of the biology of extant species. It is widely accepted that the cheirogaleids and the lorisiforms are likely to represent the first primates most closely (CharlesDominique and Martin, 1970; Martin, 1972). The social organization patterns of these primates will therefore give the best indication of the ancestral primate condition. In addition, the whole lemur group is of major interest because lemurs exhibit a wide range of size and activity types (e.g., Fleagle, 1999; Sussman, 1999; Tattersall, 1982, 1987). The high diversity of lemur adaptations may provide insights into the evolution of primate social organization, since the evolutionary shift from nocturnal to diurnal activity rhythms is believed to have involved the change from solitary foraging to foraging in cohesive groups (Martin, 1981; van Schaik and van Hooff, 1983). In addition, information on other mammals should be included in any analysis that aims to trace evolutionary patterns among primates (Martin, 1981), because "early 'advances' in primate evolution can only be defined in relation to the hypothetical ancestral condition for placental mammals [...]", and "[...] in order to reach a clear formulation of the evolutionary origins of any single order of placental mammals, it is also necessary to take into account the evolution of monotremes and the marsupials [...]" (Martin, 1990: 141).
Müller and Thalmann (2000) reviewed the social organization of the strep-sirrhine primates, as well as that of several orders of mammals in order to investigate the ancestral pattern of social organization in primates and mammals in general. The ordinal relationships between primates and other mammals have yet to be resolved (see Müller and Thalmann, 2000 for references). For that reason, Müller and Thalmann (2000) used those orders that have either primitive morphological characteristic and/or are believed to be related to the primates in their comparative analysis of the evolution of social organization in primates and other mammals. The orders of placental mammals that were investigated include the insectivores (Insectivora), elephant shrews (Macroscelidea), tree shrews (Scandentia), and flying lemurs (Dermoptera). They further investigated those marsupials that are believed to approach the ancestral marsupial condition most closely, such as the didelphids (Didelphimorphia) and dasyurids (Dasyuromorphia) (Springer et al., 1997) as well as the monotremes (Monotremata). For every group, the most frequent pattern of social organization was inferred to be the ancestral condition of the group (Müller and Thalmann, 2000). |
0.947218 | What is the Law Regarding Employment in Russellville?
Employment law refers to the body of laws in Russellville that regulate employees, employers, and independent contractors. These laws govern issues in employment such as hiring, workplace disputes, and terminations A general understanding of Russellville employment laws is required for both the employee and their employer.
Majority of the time employment is considered to be "at-will", although in some instances there might be an employment contract between the employer and employee for a set period of time. So long as the reasons are not in violation of law, either the employee or the employer may end the position at any time under an "at-will" arrangement. Federal and state laws control the enforcement of employment clauses provisions for citizens of Russellville.
The laws applicable for citizens of Russellville usually make discrimination illegal at any phase of employment, such as hiring, working environment, and terminations. Russellville residents must follow laws which prohibit employer discrimination against members of different classes. These classes include age, gender, race, religion, disability, and national origin. |
0.955697 | Anne Enright was born in Dublin in 1962 and attended the Lester B. Pearson United World College of the Pacific in Vancouver. Back in her home city she studied philosophy at the renowned Trinity College, and at the University of East Anglia in Norwich she undertook studies in creative writing in a course set by Malcolm Bradbury in 1970, also attended by the likes of Kazuo Ishiguro and Ian McEwan. Enright worked for several years as a programme director and producer at the public broadcaster Raidió Teilifís Éireann.
In 1991 Enright presented her first collection of short stories, »The Portable Virgin«, which earned accolades from various quarters including her one-time mentor Angela Carter, who praised her prose as »elegant, scrupulously poised, always intelligent and, not least, original«. Since 1993 she has been completely devoted to writing. Her first novel, »The Wig My Father Wore« (1995), a bizarre love story, has its narrator falling in love with a suicidal angel. With empathy and a great lightness of touch she takes on the big literary themes like illness, death and loss, spirituality and physicality. Surreal episodes and the use of Irish idioms are recurring stylistic characteristics of this and later works, as is her confrontation with themes like sexuality, identity and complex familial structures. In »What Are You Like?« (2000), she follows the diverging paths of a set of twins, who are separated shortly after their birth only to find each other once more later in life. In the melange of fact and fiction which forms her lyrical historical novel »The Pleasure of Eliza Lynch« (2002), Enright scrutinises the biography of an influential Irish mistress in the 19th century. Enright finally achieved her breakthrough with a family story spanning multiple generations, »The Gathering« (2007). Along with her prose Enright regularly writes essays and reviews. Her writings have appeared in such publications as »The Paris Review«, »Granta«, »The New Yorker«, »London Review of Books«, »The Guardian«, »The Irish Times« and »The Penguin Book of Irish Fiction«.
Enright has received numerous prestigious prizes for her literary work including the Rooney Prize for Irish Literature (1991), the Encore Award (2001) as well as the highly remunerated Man Booker Prize for her novel »The Gathering« in 2007, which was also chosen as the Irish Novel of the Year the following year. In 2012 she received the Carnegie Medal for Excellence in Fiction for »The Forgotten Waltz« (2011). Enright is married to theatre director Martin Murphy. She lives with her family in Bray, on the east coast of Ireland, not far from Dublin. |
0.999448 | Can Vegas be fun if you don't gamble?
Vegas is best experienced with friends or your significant other and casinos can still be a great and affordable place to stay with lots to do. Fantastic restaurants, concerts, shows, and in some cases it can be like strolling through Disney's Epcot if you walk through the Venetian and Paris, where you can get a scoop of gelato strolling along the mock Venice canals, or the equally tasty French style pastries or sandwiches at JJ's Boulangerie, which has some seriously delicious tomato rolls.
If you want to experience black box, low budget theater at it's finest, and happen to like horror, Evil Dead: The Musical at the Tommy Wind Theater is an affordable, bloody good night out with friends. Make no mistake, this is flash and trash theater in kitschy, campy glory and they offer a pretty great cocktail to toast along with the actors to. As a huge Evil Dead fan, I enjoyed myself even if I did feel the production was quite cheap feeling. But at $25-32 a ticket, I'm not going to explain because it's an experience for sure. Just understand if you sit in the splatter zone you should be really sure of what you're getting into.
If that's not your thing, relive the 2000s with Britney Spears at MGM Grand, or grand ballad dames Celine Dion and Mariah Carey at Colosseum and Caesar's Palace.
There's Old Vegas which is always worth visiting, and a few great Tiki bars like the newer Golden Tiki, with charmingly kitschy decor and fine fine drinks or for real old school, there's Frankie's Tiki Room with it's super dim ambiance, 60s surf music vibe, and strong libations. Don't be put off that it seems like in the middle of nowhere residential Vegas next to a gas station, it has a certain acquired charm. Both are open 24/7 if you suddenly feel the call of a Zombie at 3am. Or 7am. You do you.
There's the bright and glitzy Freemont Street, home to the older Vegas casinos and as massive LED spectacle of sight and sound. Zipline down the street or enjoy people watching along this classic strip of pavement once walked upon by the Rat Pack.
Or, if you have a car and feel slightly adventurous, there's always the fact that Vegas is in the middle of a desert and about an hour outside the city is quiet and stunningly colorful Valley of Fire. At $10 per vehicle for entry, this park makes for a great day trip with stunning views and fiery orange-red rocks that don't even need Photoshop to look so vivid in pictures. Just remember to pack sunscreen and water!
With affordable flights and reasonably priced hotels, Vegas can make for a great weekend getaway with friends but just remember, what happens in Vegas...well you know the rest.
I stayed at MGM Grand, which is starting to feel the teeniest bit dated and late '90s, but it's still a solid hotel with good restaurants and bars and pretty well located.
If you want to save a couple of bucks and can overlook the slight hokeyness of it (but let's face it, you need to check that at the door in Vegas anyway), Hooters can be a decently affordable option with King rooms as low as about $32 a night if you book in advanced.
I haven't stayed there yet, but my boyfriend has confirmed the Cosmopolitan is nice and it's my goal hotel to stay at next time I'm there.
Michael Mina Pub 1842 in MGM Grand was quite tasty, and features a few tables where you can pour your own beer from tap.
Hecho En Vegas Mexican Cantina & Grill, also in MGM Grand, serves excellent drinks. The guava mojito with cachaca was delightful, and everyone in my group was really pleased with their drinks. It's also one of the only restaurants in MGM aside from Hakkasan that's open late.
The MGM Grand Buffet is worth it, I think, when you do the brunch. It's more affordable and you get a good mix of breakfast and lunch food, and you can opt in $15.99 for the champagne part if you wan't to drown your waffles down with mimosas.
JJ's Boulangerie in Paris is a quick cheap and cheerful option for a delicious lunch that won't dent your wallet.
Truly budget and epically tasty noms noms is of course In n Out. I go a little complicated with the Secret Menu, ordering a Double Double with bun extra toasted, mustard grilled patty, grilled onions, pickles, no spread, no tomato or lettuce. It's a bit tedious to order, but I love my cheeseburger this way. Also, ORDER FRIES WELL DONE. If there's one thing people don't always love about In n Out, it's the fries because they aren't as crispier at first pass as say MacDonald's, but try them well done and they come out crispier. Also, they're fresh cut potato fries. Bless. If you're feeling adventurous, order Animal Style, which is spread, cheese, and grilled onions. Even cheese and grilled onions is also a good option, just mix it up with the fries while still hot.
I will also say The Golden Tiki and Frankie's Tiki Room are both wonderful tiki places, just don't expect food so eat up before you go! |
0.984972 | One example of the harmony between the Qur'an and modern science is the subject of the age of the universe. Cosmologists estimate the age of the universe as 16-17 billion years. The Qur'an states that the entire universe was created in six days. These two time frames, which may seem contradictory, are actually surprisingly compatible. In fact, both these figures concerning the age of the universe are correct. In other words, the universe was created in six days, as revealed in the Qur'an, and this period corresponds to 16-17 billion years in the way that we experience time.
In 1915 Einstein proposed that time was relative, that the passage of time altered according to space, the speed of the person travelling and the force of gravity at that moment. Bearing in mind these differences in the passage of time, the period of time in which the universe was created as revealed in seven different verses of the Qur'an is actually highly compatible with scientists' estimations. The six-day period revealed in the Qur'an can be thought of as six periods. Because, taking into account the relativity of time, a "day" refers only to a 24-hour period experienced on Earth under current conditions. Elsewhere in the universe, however, at another time and under other conditions, a "day" could refer to a much longer period of time. Indeed, the word "ayyamin" in the period of six days (sittati ayyamin) in these verses (Qur'an 32:4, 10:3, 11:7, 25:59, 57:4, 50:38, and 7:54) means not only "days," but also "age, period, moment, term."
In the first period of the universe, the passage of time took place much faster than that with which we are familiar today. The reason for this is that, at the moment of the Big Bang, our universe was compressed into a very small point. The expansion of the universe and increase in its volume ever since the moment of that explosion has extended the borders of the universe to millions of light years. Indeed, the stretching of space ever since that moment has had very important ramifications for universal time.
The energy at the moment of the Big Bang slowed down the flow of time 1012 (one million million) times. When the universe was created the speed of universal time was higher up to a million million times, as time is experienced today. In other words, a million million minutes on Earth is the equivalent of just one minute in universal time.
When a six-day period of time is calculated according to the relativity of time, it equates to six million million (six trillion) days. That is because universal time flows a million million times faster than time on Earth. Calculated in terms of years, 6 trillion days equates to approximately 16.427 billion years. This is within the estimated range for the age of the universe.
Allah, there is no god but Him, the Living, the Self-Sustaining. He is not subject to drowsiness or sleep. Everything in the heavens and the earth belongs to Him. Who can intercede with Him except by His permission? He knows what is before them and what is behind them but they cannot grasp any of His knowledge save what He wills. His Footstool encompasses the heavens and the earth and their preservation does not tire Him. He is the Most High, the Magnificent.
Looked at from the moment when time began, the first day of creation (first phase) lasted 24 hours. This period, however, is the equivalent of 8 billion years in Earth terms.
The second day of creation (second phase) lasted 24 hours. This, however, lasted half as long, in our terms, as the preceding day, in other words 4 billion years.
The third day (third phase) lasted half as long as the second day, in other words 2 billion years.
The fourth day (fourth phase) lasted 1 billion years.
The fifth day (fifth phase) lasted 500 million years.
And the sixth day (sixth phase) lasted 250 million years.
Conclusion: When the six days of creation, in other words the six phases, are added together in Earth terms, the resulting figure is 15 billion 750 million years. This figure displays an enormous parallel with modern-day estimations.
This conclusion is one of the facts revealed by 21st century science. Science has once again confirmed a fact revealed in the Qur'an 1,400 years ago. This harmony between the Qur'an and science is one of the miraculous proofs that the Qur'an is the revelation of Allah, the Creator, the Omniscient. |
0.944893 | "Murillo was favored by Heaven not only in the eminence of his ability but also in his natural endowments; he had a good figure and an amiable disposition and was humble and modest so that he did not disdain to accept correction from anyone."
In Baroque Spain, artists were more than painters or sculptors, in the eyes of the faithful, they had the power to make the sacred real; and in Seville, Bartolomé Esteban Murillo was known as the greatest religious painter of his age. He developed a lush, illusionistic, yet accessible style that combined his grasp of the sensual world with religious conviction and respect for narrative clarity. So, whether his subject was sacred or secular, he painted convincing human beings with recognizable emotions. Murillo's pictures of street children captured their raw energy and brio, while his religious paintings held a mirror up to people and encouraged them to recognise their best qualities, so that they might strive for them in daily life. Like any good artist, he was a storyteller, and like any good storyteller, he painted to show, not tell. His elegant images of the Immaculate Conception, and his reinterpretations of the Virgin, Christ, and saints as beautiful children, blended realism and otherworldliness to immensely popular effect. Even into the 19th century, his paintings of children remained highly prized by English and French collectors, and inspired works by Thomas Gainsborough, Sir Joshua Reynolds and Jean-Baptiste Greuze.
Murillo painted Christ, the Virgin and Saint John the Baptist as beautiful children to inspire empathy and by extension, charity. Such an emotional approach to religious painting was unprecedented in Spanish art, and with the exception of Murillo's many followers, does not reappear until the late 18th century, in the work of Francisco Goya.
Murillo enlivened and simplified traditional subject matter - religious or otherwise - by using local models, and replacing attributes with dramatic poses and gestures, painting stories and lessons in a visual language ordinary people could comprehend.
Murillo was fascinated by boundaries and challenged the idea that a viewer's engagement with a painting stops at its surface. He used foreshortening, shallow foregrounds, and trompe l'oeil details to literally "fool the eye" and draw viewers deeper into his images.
In December 1617, Bartolomé Esteban Murillo was born in Seville, where he would live and work his entire life. Throughout his childhood, Seville remained the foremost city in Spain, equal in power and population to Venice, Amsterdam, or even Madrid. Seville had long held the monopoly on trade with the New World, and despite Spain's near constant wars with France and the Low Countries, the city remained prosperous well into the 1630s. Later, when Murillo established his career, Seville's population and standard of living decreased, while its churches and religious fraternities increased. Eventually, his identity became integrated so strongly with religion that his pictures arguably shaped Baroque Seville as much as the city moulded his career.
The Young Beggar was widely admired for its realism and is one of the finest examples of a subject effectively unique to Murillo: vignettes of local street children. Alternately known as Boy Delousing Himself or The Lice-Ridden Boy, these variations may have related to Andalusian folk wisdom which believed children with lice to be healthy and happy, because lice could not live on sick children. Here, as in similar pictures, most of which Murillo painted in the 1670s, his setting is only the barest suggestion of a room. He arranged the boy close to the picture plane (the child's dirty feet practically point at the viewer) and reserved only a shallow foreground to include the scattering of shellfish casings and bag of apples that hint at the boy's hunger and hardscrabble life. This level of realism would not have appealed to local collectors; Murillo actually painted these images specifically for his foreign market: the Genoese, Dutch and Flemish merchants who traded out of Seville's port on the river Guadalquivir.
Although the picture is neither signed nor dated, scholars agree Murillo painted it around 1645, when he was still influenced by Zurbarán and Velázquez. Murillo's sombre palette, volumetric forms and impasto brushwork recall genre subjects Velázquez painted before he left for Madrid, such as The Water-Seller of Seville (1620). Also, Murillo was known to share the current taste for picaresque literature, and his images of street children may have been informed by Miguel de Cervantès.
Since the early 19th century, the painting has been in the Louvre, where it influenced Realist painters, including François Bonvin, Gustave Courbet, and Édouard Manet (who actually copied it). While The Young Beggar might appear at odds with Murillo's religious imagery, examined in context of his sympathy for the poor and his dedication to charity, it emerges as not only one of his most striking paintings, but also one of his most empathetic.
Around 1644, Murillo won his first major commission from the Convento de San Francisco in Seville to paint thirteen canvases depicting various miracles and ecstasies associated with the order's friars and saints. One of the very few paintings Murillo signed and dated, The Angel's Kitchen possibly illustrates a vision of Saint Giles of Assisi, who, in 1212, made a pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela en route to Jerusalem.
Giles, one of Saint Francis' first companions, was not particularly learned or articulate, but he was utterly committed to a life of poverty and pilgrimage. He wore a second-hand habit and lived as a nomad, earning his keep by doing odd jobs for any church or monastery that gave him food and shelter. Set in a space based on the Convento's actual kitchen, Murillo painted the saint twice. Giles first appears deep in spiritual ecstasy, floating in a nimbus. The Convento's Father Superior and two gentlemen (perhaps donors) look on in amazement. Then Giles appears again, at right, grounded and looking spellbound at a group of angels and cherubs, who variously prepare food, grind spices, wash pots and set the table. Every detail of the food, tools and kitchenware is tangibly present and injects a sense of reality into the scene that highlights an amusing fact: the divine helpers are actually doing Giles's work for him. In the middle of the canvas, two large angels punctuate the two scenes marking their existential difference (i.e. Giles's vision, and the angels' hard work). At the angel's feet a plinth notes a friar named Francisco, suggesting that perhaps Murillo based Giles on the Convento's cook, Francisco Perez, who was known for his piety.
The series as a whole, and The Angel's Kitchen in particular are masterpieces of Murillo's early style, which features graceful figures, realistic details, and a distinct spatial divide between reality and the spiritual world.
Eleven of the original thirteen canvases survived the Spanish War of Independence (1808-14). But four of these were stolen and dispersed, including the present work, to France. The Convento was demolished in 1841.
Also known as The Virgin of the Escorial, this is arguably Murillo's finest Virgin and Child. A relatively early painting, it incorporates the strong chiaroscuro inspired by Caravaggio that endured in Spanish art well into the 17th century. Murillo would have known Caravaggio's paintings from prints, copies or possibly original works in local collections. However, this Virgin of the Rosary has a delicacy and sweetness atypical of Caravaggio's work, and curator Jane Martineau has argued that Murillo was inspired by the work of Bartoloméo Cavarozzi, an Italian who worked in Madrid, and whose paintings were widely known in Spain. If Caravozzi and Murillo painted similar Virgins, that may also have been due to their shared admiration of Raphael's Virgins, which Murillo would have known from drawings and engravings after the Renaissance master circulated throughout the local studios and workshops. Initially, as in much of his early work, Murillo strived for a sculptural effect in his figures, and he particularly admired the monumentality of Raphael's Virgins. By 1650, however, Murillo introduced a new elegance into his style, and painted the Virgin as younger, more delicately featured, with feathery brushwork possibly borrowed from Anthony Van Dyck, whose paintings were known in Seville. Likewise, in the present work, the Christ Child is no longer a languid baby, but an active toddler, who plays with a rosary entwined in the Virgin's hand. The beads formally unite the Child and the Virgin and their cheek-to-cheek embrace imparts a sense of tenderness that is deeply empathetic. This shift in pose also changed the overall composition, making it necessarily more vertical, allowing Murillo space to paint luxurious draperies in sweeping brushstrokes of glowing, jewel-like color.
In 1644, Murillo joined the Brotherhood of the Virgin of the Rosary, a lay fraternity dedicated to the Virgin Mary. Murillo possibly painted this Virgin of the Rosary for a private collector associated with the Brotherhood. It only entered the royal collections in the Escorial in 1788, before eventually passing to the Prado in 1827. However, the painting was always popular and well known, and it was copied by several accomplished painters. One copy in the Wallace Collection was apparently so good, it was long believed to be by Murilllo.
One of the few genre paintings that does not include children, Two Women at a Window was also one of Murillo's most widely celebrated; it was engraved several times during the 18th and 19th centuries. Strictly speaking, genre paintings were rare in Spanish Baroque art. During the 17th century, similar subjects were far more popular in the Low Countries, and for this reason, it is generally held that Murillo painted these pictures for the Dutch and Flemish merchants who traded out of Seville's port. One of these merchants, Nicolás Omazur was believed to own a copy of the present work, but this may have been a copy Murillo made after another similar painting. Murillo's window-sill composition and trompe l'oeil effect were unprecedented in Spanish painting, but characteristic of contemporary Dutch paintings, notably by Rembrandt.
Are the two women maids, a young woman of good family and her duenna, a prostitute and her procuress? A late eighteenth-century engraving after the painting was published as Las Gallegas (The Galician Women), and women from Galicia came to Seville to work as domestic servants (or prostitutes). Without pronouncing either way, the late art historian Diego Angulo Íñiguez noted an old Spanish adage that said a woman at a window spelled sexual opportunity (much like a modern red light). However, both women are young, which would be inappropriate for a prostitute and her procuress. Finally, there is Murillo's ambiguous setting. Only the lip of the window ledge is original. The area below is a later addition and it is not clear, even from later engravings, what he originally intended.
More to the point, as curator Xavier Bray pointed out, Murillo was fascinated by boundaries. Whether his subject was sacred or secular, he loved to subvert the idea that the viewer's experience of a painting is limited in any way by the physical fact of its surface. In the present picture, he painted two pretty, healthy girls in a plain, innocuous setting and included no background, nor any distracting details. In fact, he made the girls' presence so immediate, they almost seem to encroach on the viewer's physical space, an effect lightened by their smiles and direct eye contact, making this particular work a triumph of illusionism, and possibly even wish-fulfilment.
This vast canvas marked a pivotal point in Murillo's career, establishing his name as one of premier religious painters in Seville. Completed in 1656, the painting is still in its original location: the baptismal chapel of Santa María de la Sede, Seville's cathedral. The picture is difficult to view, due to its size, the lack of available light, and the fact that visitors need to peer over the baptismal font from behind a stanchion to see it. Nevertheless, even today - while other versions of this popular subject can appear whimsical or saccharine - Murillo's interpretation of the saint's dream still inspires a sense of frozen awe.
An early example of Murillo's so-called "vaporous style" that combined golden tonal color with diffused form, it is possible, as some have argued, that he was inspired by Venetian painting, or works by Herrera the Younger. However, neither would explain what compelled Murillo to pair realism (the furniture and floor are typical of local décor) with the subtle sensitivity of gesture and expression in painting this serenely supernatural image. Contemporary critic Fernando de la Torre Farfán wrote that Murillo painted even the saint's desk "with such art that there are those who testify to having seen a bird labouring to sit on it so as to peck at the white lilies there are in a vase". Today, this reads as hyperbole, but the painting won Murillo a further string of religious commissions and is now acknowledged as a masterpiece of his mature period; as art historian Jonathan Brown wrote, it was Murillo's "first essay in the high baroque".
Born in medieval Lisbon, Anthony opted first for a life of prayer, but soon his ambitions turned to martyrdom. En route to Morocco, where he planned to convert Saracens, his ship foundered off Sicily, so instead he roamed Italy as a preacher. One evening while praying in his cell, he saw the Infant Christ floating in a cloud of golden light with cherubim, a vision whose obvious appeal did not go unnoticed by the Counter-Reformation Church. Anthony also became known as the patron saint of lost property, an identity that became particularly resonant in 1874, when thieves cut out most of the lower right section of the painting. About a year later, the remnant re-appeared in New York, where a picture dealer recognized it, bought it and turned it over to the Spanish consulate. The stolen section was returned to Seville, and following careful restoration, the entire painting was reinstalled in the Cathedral.
Placed in a nominally classical setting, made intimate by his typically shallow composition, in The Good Shepherd, Murillo has combined his gift for painting children, with an almost Rococo palette, and a limpid, silver sense of light to create images that expressed both spiritual divinity and human vulnerability. The Infant Shepherd's idealised beauty is the antithesis of Murillo's street children, but he maintained a sense of naturalism in the child's casual embrace of the lamb, and its woolly fleece. Also, seizing on the fact that children with domestic animals were a common sight in Seville, Murillo knew the lamb could carry a double meaning: as the Child's pet and as His fate as the Lamb of God, allowing him to illustrate a sacred subject in the context of everyday life, therefore broadening its appeal.
Even considering his success as a religious painter, Murillo's images of the Infant Christ and the Infant Saint John the Baptist were remarkably sought after by both Spanish and foreign collectors. Not only did these pictures have obvious decorative appeal and hung well in the luxurious interiors of the wealthy and devout, but they were ideal for private chapels. In Seville, Murillo sold many of these paintings to his main patrons, Don Justino de Neve and Nicolás Omazur, but they were also coveted by English collectors, such as Joseph Townsend, who wrote that during his travels in Spain he did not find works by any other artist that "equalled [Murillo] in expression and sweetness". In fact, for a time, Murillo's work was far more famous in England than in Spain, and its presence in British collections later inspired paintings by Gainsborough, Reynolds and Greuze. The charm of these paintings and their call to human emotion helped make complex theological concepts accessible and gave these images a mass appeal that endures; they are still some of most widely reproduced artworks in the Catholic Church.
Murillo became so famous as a religious painter that for many years his work as a portraitist was relatively unexamined. However, his portrait of Don Justino de Neve was, even in Murillo's lifetime, held to be a masterpiece, in fact, one of the greatest portraits of its time.
Painted as a gift, as thanks for helping Murillo secure major commissions, the portrait shows Don Justino - Canon of Seville Cathedral - seated in his study, a room that appears to open onto a terraced garden. This inside-outside situation was typical of Roman religious portraiture, and usually symbolized the challenges of living a religious life in the secular world. However, Murillo also used this formula to intensify his likeness of Don Justino. The garden's silvery grey-greens throw warmer areas - the red chair, terracotta floor, the golden clock, and the dog's red ribbon - into high relief. And instead of dressing Don Justino - who was below average height - in elaborate robes to make him appear more substantial, Murillo painted him in a simple cassock, known as a baladran, which offsets his elegant hands and handsome face; both appear almost sculptural against the thick black material. This focus also emphasises the prayer book in Don Justino's left hand, where his finger marks his place, as if someone had just entered his study. His right hand, which is more three-dimensional, rests on but outside the chair arm, testing the boundary between the sitter and the viewer. Finally, Don Justino's dog, a perro inglese (possibly a pug) sits in the right foreground, its back to the viewer, looking up to his master. Murillo specifically included the animal, not just for verismo and its obvious appeal, but also to express his own loyalty and devotion to his friend.
Murillo did not usually sign or date his paintings, but in this portrait, he was unequivocal; he inscribed, signed and dated it to the left above Don Justino's head on a panel beneath his coat of arms. Murillo's closest friend throughout much of his life, Don Justino owned at least eighteen of his paintings, and was one of the executors of his will. When Don Justino himself died in 1685, only three years after Murillo, he bequeathed his portrait and the magnificent Immaculate Conception (1678) to the Venerables Sacredotes.
This is one of eleven canvases commissioned for the Hospital de la Caridad in Seville. Founded in 1662, by Miguel de Mañara, the Hospital represented a new direction for the Brotherhood of Charity, whose former raison d'etre had been to bury the dead. To complement and relate to the main altar's Entombment of Christ, elaborately sculpted by Pedro Roldán, Murillo, who was actually a member of this Brotherhood, painted six large canvases, each illustrating the other Acts of Mercy (Burying the Dead having been embodied by Roldán). Two of Murillo's paintings remain in the church, but the other four, including the present work, were looted in 1810 by Napoleon's Marshal Soult, and are now in various foreign museums.
Murillo took his inspiration for Visiting the Sick, from the New Testament (John, V, 2), which describes the pool at Bethesda visited regularly by angels who sanctified the waters, recharging them with healing powers. One day when Christ came to the pool a sick man lying upon a pallet complained that no matter how hard he tried, he could never reach its waters to be healed. Christ said to the man, simply, "Rise, take up thy bed, and walk", and the man, cured, did.
Murillo's Acts of Mercy cycle was an unqualified success, but the present work was singled out for his audacious use of architecture. The Gospel states that the pool was surrounded by five porches, which Murillo included not only to follow scripture, but also because they established a necessary level of depth separating the real and the miraculous, a distinction he emphasised further with silvery tones and diffused forms. In high contrast to the dreamlike background, Christ and his three Apostles loom tangibly in the foreground. Moreover, he painted the paralysed man at their feet from a slightly lower perspective that places the viewer alongside him, encouraging empathy with both his physical and spiritual weakness.
"Taking the world as it exists, and the market as the standard, the best pictures by Murillo have sold, and will sell, for more than those of any artist, except Raphael." In 1883, when the American scholar C. B. Curtis made this claim, the highest known auction price ever achieved for a painting was the sum paid in 1852 by the French government for the Immaculate Conception of the Venerables Sacredotes the last version of Murillo's most celebrated religious subject.
Murillo painted around two dozen Immaculate Conceptions, possibly more than any other Spanish painter of his time; he is even credited with creating a new iconography for this subject. Using the traditional composition of an Assumption, he got rid of redundant attributes, added the Apocalyptic crescent moon and a squadron of cherubs, and dressed the Virgin in a simple blue and white costume with a mandorla, her hands crossed at the chest, and eyes lifted to Heaven.
Murillo became recognized as the master of this particular subject, but the present work differs from earlier versions in its determined sense of upward movement, and the absence of any virginal attributes. He may have deliberately omitted these objects (the tower of David, sealed fountain, palm and cypress trees, books, lilies, etc.) because he knew the painting would carry an elaborately carved frame featuring these attributes. However, it is also possible that this frame was made specifically to provide symbolism found lacking in the painting. This frame remains in the Hospital de Venerable Sacredotes in Seville, but the painting is now in the Prado.
Following Church debates in 1616, the Immaculate Conception grew into one of Seville's genuinely local subjects, and ultimately became synonymous with Murillo. Often confused with the idea of virgin birth, the Immaculate Conception contends that Mary herself was born without the stain of original sin, making her intrinsically holy. In the Spanish Church, particularly in Seville, this was far more than some splinter belief; one actually had to swear a vow of Conceptionist faith to belong to a guild, or municipal corporation. |
0.997441 | You are told that the volume of an object of unknown shape is given by , where V is the volume and d is the diameter of the sphere.Is this equation dimensionally correct?
A baseball player hits a triple and ends up on a third base. A baseball"diamond"is a square, each side of length 27.4 m, with home plate and the three bases on the four corners. What is the magnitude of his displacement?
The second on a watch has a length of 4.5 mm and completes one revolution in 60.00 s. What is the speed of the end of the second hand as it moves in uniform circular motion?
A tennis ball is shot vertically upward from the surface of an atmosphere-free planet with an initial speed of 20.0 m/s. One second later the ball has an instantaneous velocity in the upward direction of 15.0 m/s. What is the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of this planet?
Starting from rest a particle which is confined to move along a straight line is accelerated at a rate of 5.0 m/s2. Which statement concerning the slope of the position versus time graph for this particle is true?
a. The slope has a constant value of 5.0 m/s.
b. The slope has a constant value of 5.0 m/s2.
c. The slope is both constant and negative.
Ball A is dropped from rest from a window. At the same instant, ball B is thrown downward and ball C is thrown upward from the same window. Which statement concerning the balls is necessarily true if air resistance is neglected?
a. At some instant after it is thrown the acceleration of ball C is zero.
b. All three balls strike the ground at the same time.
c. All three balls have the same velocity at any instant.
d. All three balls have the same acceleration at any instant.
Which one of the following situations is not possible?
a. A body has zero velocity and non-zero acceleration.
b. A body travels with a northward velocity and a northward acceleration.
c. A body travels with a northward velocity and a southward acceleration.
d. A body travels with a constant velocity and a time- varying acceleration.
e. A body travels with a constant acceleration and a time- varying velocity.
An elevator is moving upward with a speed of 11 m/s. Three seconds later the elevator is still moving upward but its speed has been reduced to 5.0 m/s. What is the average acceleration of the elevator during the 3.0 s interval?
A racecar traveling at constant speed makes one lap around a circular track of radius r in a time t [ NOTE: the circumference of a circle is given by C = 2 pai r]. Determine the magnitude of the average velocity of the car one complete lap.
For which one of the following situations will the path length equal the magnitude of the displacement?
a. A jogger is running around a circular path.
b. A ball is rolling down an inclined plane.
c. A train travels 5 miles east and then it stops and travels 2 miles west.
d. ball rises and falls after being thrown up from the earth s surface.
e. A ball on the end of a string is moving in a vertical circle.
. s is a distance with unit (L) , t is a time with unit (T)and theta is an angle in radians what is the required dimension for the quantity C5 in the expression theta symbol = s/C5 (ors over C5) ?
s is a distance with unit (L) , t is a time with unit (T)and theta is an angle in radians What is the required dimension for the quantity C4 in the expression s = C3 cos (C4 t) ?
s is a distance with unit (L) , t is a time with unit (T)and theta is an angle in radians What is the required dimension for the quantity C3 in the expression s = C3 cos (C4 t) ? |
0.988377 | Detroit files for bankruptcy Jump to media player The US city of Detroit in Michigan has become the largest American city ever to file for bankruptcy, with debts of at least $15bn (£10bn).
Why America's talent is moving to Detroit Jump to media player Talented professionals and entrepreneurs are being encouraged to move to Motor City as part of a scheme called Challenge Detroit.
Detroit gets new financial manager Jump to media player An emergency financial manager with wide-ranging powers has been appointed for the troubled US city of Detroit, in the biggest state takeover for years.
Detroit's decline shown in new documentary Jump to media player The documentary Detropia paints a painful picture of a city that - despite some recovery - remains a shadow of its former self.
The US city of Detroit in Michigan has become the largest American city ever to file for bankruptcy, with debts of at least $15bn (£10bn).
State-appointed emergency manager Kevyn Orr asked a federal judge to place the city into bankruptcy protection. |
0.946737 | Reasons for managing credit risk and who is responsible?
The key purpose of credit risk management is for a bank to maximize its risk-adjusted rate of return while maintaining exposure within its acceptable risk tolerance (risk appetite). Credit risk is diversifiable but impossible to fully eliminate and poses significant challenges. It involves the establishment of the distribution of probabilities of default (PD), loss given default (LGD), and credit exposures; measured in a portfolio context.
According to the Bank of International Settlements, it is the responsibility of the board of directors and senior management to ensure that the bank has the appropriate credit risk assessment processes and an effective internal control environment to properly manage credit risk.
Best practices require that an internal control framework for credit risk assessment include a clear loan review process that is independent of the lending unit. The loan review process should contain a credit grading system that will identify and rank loan quality and credit risk characteristics. The established system must be applied consistently across the loan portfolio.
The credit grading system is an important tool for classifying the various credit exposures of a bank. An effective credit grading system will determine the overall risk of the loan portfolio, PD, and the sufficiency of the provisions for loan losses. Loans should be classified on the basis of potential credit risk.
The factors that the credit grading system should consider include the borrower’s financial condition, capacity to pay, value of the collateral and other characteristics that may influence the likelihood of the collection of principal and interest.
A key aspect of credit risk management is the ability of a bank to diversify across defaults. The rule of diversification supports that a portfolio of multiple loans is less risky than a single loan. One way to diversify the portfolio is to set concentration limits. A bank can limit the exposure of its loan portfolio to a specific geographical area or to an industry. The logic behind this is that the correlation of defaults is higher within sectors vs. across sectors.
It is difficult to measure credit risk internally due to the lack of history of defaults (for specific borrowers, industries, etc), therefore, some banks use credit risk models such as Moody’s KMV. The model provides forecasts of estimated default frequencies (EDFs) for public firms using the Merton approach. The credit risk models can also assist in the calculation of PD & LGD for various borrower types.
The board of directors and senior management’s tolerance for risk (risk appetite) is well-communicated and fully understood.
The bank has a strong culture of risk awareness.
Credit analysis is comprehensive and timely.
Credit risk grading systems effectively stratify credit risk and are used as early warning tools or key risk indicators (KRIs).
Management information systems (MIS) provide an accurate, timely and comprehensive view of the portfolio.
Concentration limits are set at reasonable levels to help diversify the portfolio and protect against the risk of correlated defaults.
Strategic plans are consistent with the established risk appetite and promote an appropriate balance between risk and earnings growth.
It is important that a bank’s board of directors and senior management enforce proper internal controls to ensure that credit exposures are within the established risk appetite and that any exceptions to policies or limits are reported to the appropriate level of management. |
0.995522 | Home » Ask The Trainer Blog » Misc » Can CrossFit Training Prepare You for an Obstacle Course Race?
CrossFit Training For Obstacle Course Races?
Both are very intense forms of activity. CrossFit emphasizes highly intense functional training, while obstacle races feature physical challenges scattered over difficult terrain.
Each have a connection with elite forces.The CrossFit training system has been used by military and law enforcement as well as avid exercisers. The Tough Mudder and Spartan Race were inspired by the challenges taken on by special forces. Organizers reinterpreted these challenges into a rigorous obstacle course.
Given the similarities between CrossFit and obstacle racing, is CrossFit a great way to train for an obstacle course race? In order to answer this question, it’s helpful to review the components of CrossFit alongside the demands of an obstacle race. Whether or not these pillars address the specific skills needed for a race will determine CrossFit’s utility.
Cardiovascular endurance. Endurance is a must for obstacle course racing. For many of the longer races, you need to train your cardiovascular system to withstand distances close to a half-marathon.
Stamina. In contrast to cardiovascular endurance, stamina refers to your body’s ability to tap into energy over time, while cardiovascular endurance focuses on your system’s capacity to harness oxygen for the long haul. For an obstacle race, you need both: endurance for the run and stamina to transition from one obstacle to another over several miles.
Flexibility. Flexibility work will help you prevent injuries during your training and on the actual race day. Warming up and cooling down with dynamic and static stretches may also help ease some of the muscle soreness you’ll inevitably feel after the race.
Strength. Strength is essentially the ability of your muscles to generate force. To take on the obstacles you’ll encounter during the race, you’ll need strength. For example, monkey bars will require upper body and grip strength while scaling steep hills will call upon leg strength.
Power. In contrast to strength, power is the ability to generate force quickly over time, typically short bouts. Although the challenges of an obstacle race may wear you out to the point where you’ll be too tired to generate power, power training is an essential in optimizing sports performance. Power training will enhance many other aspects of your fitness, including strength, stamina, and endurance.
Speed. Unlike power, speed has to do with your capacity to complete one move as fast as possible. Training to improve speed by itself may appear to have very little impact on a long obstacle course race. But speed training may help with improving your running pace and the occasional explosiveness you’ll need for an obstacle.
Agility. Not all obstacle course races require agility, which can be defined as the ability to change direction rapidly and efficiently. But if you have a zombie-themed or similar race in mind, you may want to work in a few of agility drills in your training.
Balance.Balance training is helpful for an obstacle race. Walking/running over unstable surfaces like mud or teetering on narrow beams require good equilibrium.
Coordination. There will be times along your race that you’ll have to combine several movements together like walking, balancing, climbing, gripping, pulling, lifting, and others. For example, you may need to lift a heavy object over one shoulder while walking. Coordination can help with this and other tasks.
Accuracy. While coordination refers to the ability to combine several moves together, accuracy is basically coordination with precision. For example, in an obstacle race, you may need to cross “over and under” hurdles. Jumping and crouching over these barriers will require both coordination and precision (especially the jumping part!).
Overall, nearly all of the components in the CrossFit system are relevant to obstacle race training. So CrossFit can actually help you prepare for an obstacle course race. It can help you meet the demands for strength, endurance, stamina, agility, balance, and coordination necessary for your race.
However, if you are a beginner, new to a structured exercise program, CrossFit may be too intense for you. The risk for injury among newcomers is high for many intense activities like CrossFit AND obstacle racing. As a beginner, it may be best to start working one-on-one with a personal trainer that has a background in CrossFit and obstacle race training.
If cost is an issue, you can try a fitness program that trains some of the foundations similar to CrossFit such as strength, cardio, power, and flexibility. The popular P90X and other home fitness programs address these components. You can also work on mastering some of the basic movements common to the CrossFit program at home like squats, push-ups, pull-ups, deadlifts, and lunges.
But if you have some experience working out and maybe even an obstacle course race or two under your belt, you may want consider giving CrossFit a shot. It may not only get you in race-ready shape, but it may also provide you with a new fitness challenge all by itself! |
0.998017 | In the 1990s, codes allowed for a maximum of a 2 percent slope of the treads, but that provision does not appear in the most recent issues of the International Residential Code, so your stairs may have originally been constructed with a slope.
Q: We live in a 1948, three-level Cape Cod home. The steps leading to our finished basement appear to have been rather rustically homemade. We've torn the carpeting and padding off them, and they all slant forward, as if they all need some type of shim/spacer underneath the front portion of each step. I'd love to simply use some type of leverage on each step plank, lift it up a bit and insert a spacer to even it out, and then nail that back down and refinish. Is there another solution that doesn't involve replacing the entire set of steps?
A: There are two things that separate good carpenters from those who simply do a rough framing of a house: one is crown molding, which takes years of skill to develop a beautifully finished product, and the other is fabrication of the stairs.
How is this done? First, the carpenter measures the height of the stairs from the floor above to the floor below. He then measures the maximum length allowable for the stairs to make sure there is no obstruction at the bottom of the landing. The carpenter then divides the height of the stairs by 8 inches, the average maximum allowable height of a single riser, and, with any luck, he will get an even number.
With an 8-foot-high basement wall, you will almost always end up with 14 steps, with each riser having a height of 7-9/16 inches. You also have to maintain a 6-foot 8-inch headroom clearance from the risers to the floor or floor joists above. Sometimes that will require relocating one of the home's floor joists or reinstalling it at an angle.
If you really want to pry each tread loose and shim them to make them level, use what's called a handy bar. It's similar to a crowbar, but a handy bar is smaller and has a thinner profile than a crowbar. You are less likely to damage the wood by using a handy bar.
Hammer the flat end of the handy bar between the tread and the stair's stringer, and carefully raise the treads just enough to drive in a wood shim. The old wood tread is dry and could crack under pressure. Since prying will be moving the nail that secures the tread, I would suggest you use wood screws to reattach the treads you shim. Drill a pilot hole first to avoid cracking or damaging the wood.
Dwight Barnett is a certified master inspector with the American Society of Home Inspectors. Write to him with home-improvement questions at C. Dwight Barnett, Evansville Courier & Press, P.O. Box 268, Evansville, Ind. 47702 or email him at d.Barnett@insightbb.com. |
0.999536 | .: Optics & Photonics Focus :: Visible and Entangled :.
Photon detection and counting is crucial, for example, for optical communications and quantum optics. Recent advances in nanotechnology allow nanoscale detection with single photon sensitivity.
The composition of exoplanets can be inferred from their reflected light. But, what if a planet is far darker than we had ever thought possible?
Brownian particles, mind the speedcam! It is now possible to measure the instantaneous speed of a Brownian particle. Not only are these measurements of fundamental importance for statistical physics, they also open up new perspectives for the study of quantum systems.
Entangled coins. If two entangled coins were flipped, they would land on correlated sides: for example, whenever one landed on heads, the other one would land on tails. This kind of correlation is at the heart of quantum mechanics and cannot usually be seen in macroscopic objects. Now, Hartmann and Plenio have proposed a way to observe this correlation in membranes the size of a pinhead and, therefore, considerably larger than the atoms or photons that are mostly used in entanglement experiments.
Imagine flipping two coins, and never getting two heads or two tails, but always both a head and a tail. Is there a trick? You would be right to become suspicious, when using classical coins. However, imagine you are using quantum coins, then it might well be possible. This is called entanglement: intrinsic correlation between objects. Over the past decades entanglement has been experimentally demonstrated for small particles like electrons or photons, but such quantum behavior has not yet been observed in macroscopic objects like coins. Now Michael J. Hartmann from Technische Universität München (Germany) and Martin B. Plenio from the London Imperial College (England) have taken an important step towards observing entanglement in macroscopic objects by proposing a setup that could entangle some objects large enough to be seen by the naked eye.
Over the last century, our ability to observe nature has improved to the point where we are now able to routinely observe and produce effects that are, at first sight, completely counter-intuitive. Generally speaking, this is due to the fact that our daily experience is based on large objects at least of the size of a grain of dust, that involve billions and billions of atoms that move violently at room-temperature. Also, these objects interact heavily with their surroundings, as is, for example, the case of a dust particle that is in constant touch with the air that surrounds it.
When studying an object all by itself and without a lot of motion, however, it is quite possible for their behavior to change completely. Take children, for example. They way they behave while playing with their friends, running about and shouting joyfully, is quite different from the way they behave if you talk to them in the evening, when they have calmed down. If you want to study the behavior of children, you therefore have to include behavioral patterns within groups as well as when they are by themselves, away from their peers. As it turns out, the same appears to be true for nature: if you want to get an accurate description of the laws of physics, it is not enough to study particles at room temperature and while they are strongly interacting with their environment. In fact, just like in the case of children, many characteristics are never observed in a big crowd.
When trying to work out an adequate picture of the behavior of nature, it is useful to study the behavior of objects when they are not moving around violently and not interacting strongly with their surroundings, which translates to very low temperatures and in a vacuum. As in the case of children, the behavior we will observe in this case will be very different from what we are used to, and our everyday intuition will simply not work. As soon as we lift the restrictions of motion and interaction, however, everything goes back to normal and our intuitive picture is adequate again.
In general, quantum mechanical effects are highly delicate and fade away, unless we are in a very well controlled environment. To date, and for this reason, most experiments in quantum physics have been restricted to relatively small objects like atoms, or photons, or to comparably small amounts of these. "Doing research in quantum physics is extremely fascinating," Hartmann says, "and as experimenters achieve better and better control of their setups, it might now become possible to see this peculiar quantum behavior even in large objects."
One of the most pertinent quantum effects is entanglement. Suppose you take a number of coins from your lab and give half of them to your boyfriend, girlfriend, husband or wife. The next day, you call them and each of you flip a coin and tell each other the result. You realize that whenever yours lands on one side, they tell you that theirs has landed on the other. Naturally, you would get very suspicious of this: are they actually flipping their coin or are they merely saying the opposite of what you say?
If you are both using normal coins, then you should not expect any correlation between them. Should you, however, be a quantum physicist using a coin-like system as for example the polarization of a photon or the spin of an electron, you may well observe such strange behavior. As in the children analogy above, electrons, photons as well as a variety of other physical systems, do exhibit such unexpected correlations under well controlled conditions. When the constraints of, for example, temperature, control of position, interactions etc are lifted — even if, often, only slightly so — this quantum behavior fades away and for large and unconstrained systems, we are back to the classical laws of physics.
Hartmann and Plenio have devised a setup based on millimeter-sized vibrating membranes that could show quantum behavior. "Our setup consists of two membranes that are in the order of a square millimeter each," Hartmann illustrates. "By placing them in an optical cavity — essentially the space between two special types of mirrors — it would be possible to entangle them with a laser."
As entanglement lies at the heart of quantum mechanics, it is far richer than just heads or tails of coins. "The entanglement would be between the vibrational modes, i.e. the motion of the membranes. If you took the membranes to be drums, then you might think of this as entangling the two tones of these drums," Hartmann explains. "In order to bring our membranes to the regime where entanglement becomes measurable, we have to cool them down to extremely low temperatures. Otherwise, thermal motion of these membranes would destroy these highly delicate correlations and no effect could be observed. Once the system is cold enough, a laser beam passing through the membranes builds up and maintains a common behavior of the two membranes and they are in what is called an entangled state. Since our laser maintains the entangled state, it is possible to maintain the entanglement for a very long time, which is necessary for performing experiments, and hence it is possible to show entanglement in these large objects."
Jack Harris from Yale University is convinced that "the basic ideas described by Plenio and Hartmann are bound to be studied experimentally." Harris has performed experiments using membranes that are very similar to the ones described in Plenio and Hartmann's proposal. While being somewhat skeptical about several details of the proposal, he points out that "the goal of a good theoretical paper is not necessarily to lay out a detailed experimental plan, but rather to describe some of the key properties an experiment should address, and I think that is what they do."
So where will this lead? What is the impact of entanglement and quantum physics on science and technology? "Quantum technology is already an integral part of much of our lives," Harris explains. "Laser diodes for telecommunication, fast transistors for computing, and directed design of new materials based on quantum chemistry are well-established examples. I think the sophistication, speed, and accuracy of these technologies will continue to grow incrementally. Entanglement as such doesn't play much of a role in real-world devices yet. However, our understanding of how to use and protect entanglement has been growing quickly in the last decade or two, so it is only a matter of time before someone comes up with a practical device." And Hartmann concludes that "exploring the possibilities nature offers us is a fantastic endeavor — and history has shown that new applications appear that were simply unthinkable before."
J. D. Thompson et al., Strong Dispersive Coupling of a High-Finesse Cavity to a Micromechanical Membrane, Nature 452, 72 (2008).
Michael J. Hartmann and Martin B. Plenio, Steady State Entanglement in the Mechanical Vibrations of Two Dielectric Membranes, Physical Review Letters (2008) 101, 200503 (link). |
0.999518 | When looking back through the months events to see what I have done I always think that it has been a boring month but there always seems to be a lot going on! Here is my May summary: Eurovision. Looking after my friends dog. Visiting the Yoga Show in Manchester with my sister. My two year blog birthday. My one year twitter birthday. Hay Fever for the first time. Looking for a job. Spring cleaning. Helping my sister with uni work. Friends birthdays. Lots of draft blog posts + photos. Blog sales. 10 years being a vegetarian. New veggie food blog. Guest blog posts/interviews. Base Magazine feature. Royal Caribbean cruise booked - I will be in Florence for my 22nd birthday, thanks mum + papa.
Phew, firstly I celebrated a few milestones this month - I am now a vegetarian of 10 years! My blog is now 2 years old and my twitter account turned 1 this month. Oh and I made my first Sephora order a few days ago! I have been a guest blogger on Pretty Good Look and Just Jessica's blog. Also an article/feature I wrote is in a published print magazine! The magazine is called Base Magazine, click here to check it out. I also have a new blog, a veggie food blog, which I have just started, here.
This month two of my friends celebrated their 22nd birthdays and I am literally the worlds worst present wrapper *ever*. I have done a lot of shopping recently thanks to blog/ebay sales so I have treated myself to quite a few things - hauls coming soon. On the topic of shopping, I am now a PopBasic ambassador, so you can get $15 to spend on Popbasic if you sign up (which is super quick and commitment free) through my link, here.
One of the main things this month (apart from milestones, shopping, hay fever, yoga show + being super excited for our cruise in august) has been almost constant spring cleaning and sorting out. I love sorting out my wardrobe/makeup but it is so exhausting! My wardrobe is quite small but so very full, it is definitely a workout for my biceps sorting out my wardrobe! I currently have a blog sale running including makeup, skincare, clothing and more!
May likes: the New Beauty Magazine Youtube channel, Game of Thrones, holiday clothes shopping, Great British Menu TV show, The Beauty Department website, The Sims 3 and Eurovision - I am in love with the UK's + Finlands entries (I have bought both of those songs and I pretty much have them on repeat constantly....no shame). Oh and I love Chelsea Wears and Carrie Brightons blog.
May dislikes: Hay fever! Constantly feeling like I have a cold and I have been getting the feeling like I need to cough constantly, does anyone else who has hay fever get this?
Upcoming blog posts: Contouring for pale skin, april/may beauty buys, Pauls Boutique iPad case review, Elemis Mind range review + lots of initial impressions blog posts as well as hauls.
I just wanted to end this post by saying thank you so much to everyone who reads, comments and follows my little blog, I cannot believe it is two years old! I hope everyone had a great May!
Also I am going to the Essence launch event in Manchester at the end of June, has anyone else been invited - maybe we could meet up and go together?
I love having a spring clean, it's so satisfying i feel like i need to do it soon! |
0.949374 | wifi router can't make it through walls: what's the most effective way to extend the range of our wifi cloud?
I gave my parents (in germany) a wireless router for their mac/pc mix household. it's this belkin G (802.11g), their basic model. unfortunately the router has to sit in a room in the far corner of their house and thick german cement walls (no plywood here) are ensuring the signal doesn't make it all the way across the house into the attic or kitchen. the signal currently covers half the house, so getting through the walls is not completely impossible, they just do to the router what a pair of massive mittens would do to your dexterity.
I'm not married to using belkins to extend the range of the router but I am married to the router since exchanging it would be rather difficult for me right now.
what's the most effective way to extend the range of our wifi cloud?
could you explain that to someone not in the know?
You have a couple of options. The easiest and best option is to move it to a higher and more central location. Usually this involves buying a longer ethernet and power cord. Can in be put above the ceiling or anywhere away from the cement walls?
The next easiest option is to buy a higher gain antenna for the access point. You'll need to figure out what kind of connectors your access point has and what kind of adapter you might need to connect an antenna. You can get a 7db gain antenna pretty cheaply. I dont think this is a good solution when dealing with thick walls but YMMW.
The third easiest way is to buy another access point and put in gateway mode (so its not doing dhcp, nat, etc) and connecting it via ethernet cable to the other one. Run this cable to the upstairs and plug in the wireless. You can give it the same SSID if you like, but you must put it on a different channel. If you absolutely cannot run a wire, you may need to buy an ethernet over power adapter like this one for the upstairs. Lastly, some models support WDS, which would elimanate the wire from this setup, but I dont think yours does.
That hardest thing to do is get one of those extenders/repeaters to work properly. Ive had very little luck with them. Id recommend buying a dd-wrt compatible router and using the repeater function.
That hardest thing to do is get one of those extenders/repeaters to work properly.
yeah, and I'm a rather dull knife in that drawer.
the antenna seems to be a very easy way to go but I have one question about it: can the router be in one room and the antenna be in another or does it have to be connected to the router by cable?
Id recommend buying a dd-wrt compatible router and using the repeater function.
sounds good but I'm still slightly scared by the setup process they describe. ouff.
Krautland, the antenna has to be connected to the router via a cable. A nice antenna really helps a lot, it solved my problems in a similiar situation to yours.
If you want to test if an antenna helps in any way you can build one on your own, easily. The article is in German and you just need some styrofoam and some copper wire.
This antenna might also come in handy if the blekin has no socket for the external antenna. Can you unscrew th little antenna that sticks out of it?
To test if it does help, you can use wlaninfo.exe. It has a very nice "power meter" to judge signal strength and if you click on the little speaker in the lower right corner you can even hear how strong the signal is.
2nd damn dirty ape--you need a router running DD-WRT in repeater mode. They really aren't difficult to set up, but if you must you can can snag a router on eBay with DD-WRT already installed, although you will pay a premium for the convenience. I think that dda was suggesting that the out-of-the box repeaters can be a hassle, which is correct. Setting up a DD-WRT router in repeater mode is fairly easily accomplished.
I found the Windsurfer Antenna Mod to actually make my reception worse, but YMMV.
One more thought, if its just one or two computers upstairs, it may be easier for you to buy two of these, attach them to these computers, and point the dish towards the floor.
Considering these things are 40-50 bucks each, you might want to try the dd-wrt repeater trick. Like jtfowl0 suggests, theyre a lot nicer than the ones you buy at the store. The real trick is getting it placed correctly. It cant be too far from the router or you'll be repeating a weak and degraded signal. I think a lot of people buy these things, place them where there is no signal or marginal signal and expect miracles. I would place it somewhere where you have at least 25% to 30% of the original signal and see if it helps.
The only method that I can guarantee will work is to get a second wireless access point upstairs. Everything else is kinda a crapshoot, especially with thick building materials.
You could also try these powerline adapters for €88,89. So even if you cannot get an access point to work in range extender mode you can connect it to the original wlan router.
Keep in mind the the attenuation produced by the walls depends on the actual path length through said walls. IOW, try to have the line connecting the router/computers perpendicular to the walls. |
0.998485 | The Nazi Holocaust was such a major event in history that the word 'holocaust', which means catastrophe or destruction in Yiddish and Hebrew, often only refers to this particular event. Rarely is the word used for other events or situations that could be applicable because it has such a strong tie to the genocide of more than 11 million people during Hitler's rule of Germany and World War II.
The Nazi Holocaust started when Hitler was named chancellor of Germany. Shortly thereafter, he implemented a totalitarian government and became dictator, with his Nazi leaders working to help build the army and advance the Nazi agenda on a political front. The entire event started simply enough with the Nuremburg Laws, which essentially stripped Jews of their rights as equal citizens and boycotted their businesses. Eventually, they were forced from their businesses and their homes, into ghettos where they would live in squalor with other 'inferiors'. They were forced into labor when they could be, starved and exposed to disease, and many died merely as a result of illness or exposure at this period in time.
As the Holocaust gained power, it became apparent that there was a need for more organization. Germany was taking over increasing numbers of countries and they needed a system for dealing with all of their prisoners and inferiors that were being captured or kept against their will in some form. As such, they developed camps to help hold the inferiors and prisoners of war. Most people think of concentration camps when they hear about the Holocaust, but there were also labor camps, transit camps, prisoner of war camps, and extermination camps. Each had its own purpose and was used for a certain group of people.
As a result of the Nazi Holocaust, more than 6 million Jews were killed at the hands of the Germans, with another 5 million or more people killed, as well. Discrimination included Romani, Soviets, Polish citizens, homosexuals, disabled people, political opponents, Jehovah's Witnesses, and other people who did not fit the Nazi ideology for the Master Race. These people were killed by many methods, including starvation, exposure, medical experimentation, torture, and outright murder in some cases. Once the camps were set up, mass killings were common place, involving execution-style shootings or trips to the gas chambers, which prisoners were usually told were "showers".
This historic event involved the largest case of genocide in the 20th century. There were some survivors, including a few who are still alive, and even some who have shared their stories. |
0.998076 | Premise 1: I know who my father is.
Premise 2: I don’t know who the masked-man is.
Fallacious conclusion: the masked-man is not my father.
Intuitively, we know that this conclusion is fallacious, since I cannot be certain that my father is not the masked-man, based on these premises alone. The following article will show you the logical flaw in this type of reasoning, and explain the role that this fallacy plays in everyday arguments.
The masked-man fallacy is a formal logical fallacy, meaning that its reasoning is rendered invalid by a flaw in its logic. Specifically, this flaw lies in the fact that substituting two identical entities can change the truth value of a statement, when the statement says something about our knowledge of the world.
Premise 1: Bruce Wayne is Batman.
Premise 2: Batman saved Gotham.
Conclusion: Bruce Wayne saved Gotham.
Since Bruce Wayne is in fact Batman, it is true that if Batman saved Gotham, then we can say that Bruce Wayne saved Gotham. Here, since we are talking about facts, we can substitute these two characters freely.
Premise 1: The citizens of Gotham know that Batman saved their city.
Premise 2: Bruce Wayne is Batman.
Fallacious conclusion: The citizens of Gotham know that Bruce Wayne saved their city.
The conclusion in this example is obviously invalid, since the citizens of Gotham don’t necessarily know that Bruce Wayne saved their city. Even though Bruce Wayne and Batman are the same person from a logical perspective, the fact that people know something about one of them, doesn’t mean that they know the same thing about the other.
Note: This fallacy is based on the concept of identity of indiscernibles (also referred to as Leibniz’s law). Essentially, this concept means that if two entities have the exact same properties, then they are identical. However, what people know about an entity is not considered a property of that entity. Therefore, the fact that Bruce Wayne and Batman are identical (from a logical perspective), doesn’t mean that people’s knowledge of them is also identical.
This fallacy appears in arguments whenever an invalid substitution occurs, as we saw in the examples above. That is, it occurs when someone takes for granted that just because we know something about X, then it means that we also know something about Y, if X and Y are different representations of the same thing.
In arguments and debates, this fallacy is often used in conjunction with a strawman argument to attack people, by stating that their support for a person or an idea based on one aspect, means that they also support a different aspect of that person or idea.
Alice: I support the plan to reduce federal healthcare coverage.
Bob: So you’re saying you support a plan for killing thousands of poor citizens.
Bob is twisting Alice’s stance in order to make it easier to attack, by using an invalid substitution. Specifically, while it is possible that he is indeed correct, and that the plan that Alice is supporting (reducing healthcare coverage) is also a plan with the same outcome that Bob describes (killing thousands), that does not mean that that is what Alice is supporting in her mind.
Bob: The problem is that this plan will lead to the deaths of thousands of poor citizens.
Here, Bob’s argument against the plan itself is similar, but he doesn’t use fallacious reasoning to suggest that Alice directly supports the plan to kill thousands of people. Instead, he argues directly against the plan that Alice supports, without assuming that she supports the aspects of the plan that he finds problematic.
The initial strategy for countering this sort of argument is pointing out the flaw in your opponent’s logic. You do this by showing why your opponent’s reasoning is fallacious, and that just because you support X, does not mean that you also support Y.
However, while doing this is valid from a logical perspective, the problem is that it doesn’t help you argue against whatever point your opponent is trying to make against your stance. Furthermore, if you focus too much on the gap in their reasoning, there is the risk that you will appear to implicitly agree with their overall point, which is whatever negative thing they are saying about your stance.
Alice: I am definitely not saying that I support such a plan. When did you hear me say that?
Bob: Well, you might not think that, but this will be the outcome of the plan to reduce federal healthcare coverage.
Here, Alice first points out the flaw in Bob’s reasoning, while simultaneously putting him on the defensive. Then, after Bob is forced to adjust his original, fallacious argument, Alice moves on to argue against his main attack on her stance.
You might be using the masked-man fallacy yourself when attacking your opponent’s arguments. This happens whenever you substitute one aspect of their stance for a different aspect of that stance that is often more difficult for them to defend, as we saw above.
The difference between doing this and using a logically-sound argument is that here, you are essentially attacking your opponent’s supposed beliefs, instead of attacking the stance for which they express support.
The problem with using this type of arguments, beyond the inherent issue with relying on logically fallacious reasoning, is that by making your attack more personal, you will usually put the person you are arguing with in a defensive mode, where they automatically reject your argument. This can cause them to support their original stance more strongly, even if you manage to make a good point overall.
Overall, you can avoid using this fallacy yourself by being critical of your reasoning process. Specifically, you should ensure that you don’t make any unverified assumptions about people’s knowledge of the world, which could lead you to rely on invalid substitutions when building your arguments.
The masked-man fallacy is a logical fallacy where the substitution of two identical entities leads to a logical flaw in the reasoning process, as a result of the different knowledge that we have about each entity.
For example, if Bruce Wayne is Batman, and the citizens of Gotham know that Batman saved their city, it would be incorrect to assume that the citizens of Gotham know that Bruce Wayne saved their city.
In everyday arguments, this technique is used when people assume that because someone supports one aspect of an idea (e.g. reducing healthcare coverage), then it means that they also support other aspects of that idea (e.g. killing poor people). Even though both aspects may be true, it is incorrect to assume that if someone supports one of them, then they also know about and support the other aspects of that idea.
You can counter this fallacy by briefly pointing out the flaw in your opponent’s reasoning and putting them on the defensive, before moving on to attack the main point in their argument.
Remember that you might also be using this fallacy yourself, in cases where you make unverified assumptions about your opponent’s knowledge, and attack their supposed beliefs instead of addressing the actual stance that they support. Doing this generally lead to more personal arguments, which could make your opponent less willing to listen to what you have to say. |
0.779966 | Guy Mitchell (born Albert George Cernik; February 22, 1927 – July 1, 1999) was an American pop singer and actor, successful in his homeland, the UK, and Australia. He sold 44 million records, including six million-selling singles.
In the fall of 1957, Mitchell starred in ABC's The Guy Mitchell Show. He appeared as George Romack on the 1961 NBC western detective series Whispering Smith, with World War II hero Audie Murphy in the leading role.
Born of Croatian immigrants in Detroit, Michigan, at age 11 he was signed by Warner Brothers Pictures, to be a child star, and performed on the radio on KFWB in Los Angeles, California. After leaving school, he worked as a saddlemaker, supplementing his income by singing. Dude Martin, who had a country music broadcast in San Francisco, hired him for his band.
Mitchell served in the United States Navy for two years in World War II, then sang with Carmen Cavallaro's big band. In 1947 he recorded for Decca with Cavallaro's band, but left due to food poisoning. He went next to New York City and made records for King Records as Al Grant (one, "Cabaret", appeared in the Variety charts). He won on the radio show Arthur Godfrey's Talent Scouts in 1949 as a soloist.
Mitch Miller, in charge of talent at Columbia Records, noticed Cernik in 1950. He joined Columbia and took his new stage name at Miller's urging: Miller supposedly said, "my name is 'Mitchell' and you seem a nice 'guy', so we'll call you Guy Mitchell." Bob Merrill wrote hits for Mitchell. In the 1950s and 1960s Mitchell acted in such movies as Those Redheads From Seattle (1953) and Red Garters (1954). He appeared in "Choose a Victim", a 1961 episode of Thriller.
His first hit was "My Heart Cries for You" (1951). He ventured into rock with songs including "Heartaches by the Number", "Rock-a-Billy", "The Same Old Me", and his biggest hit, "Singing the Blues", which was number one for 10 weeks in 1956.
Mitchell died on July 1, 1999, aged 72, at Desert Springs Hospital in Las Vegas, Nevada of complications from cancer surgery.
In 2007, to commemorate what would have been his 80th birthday, the English division of SonyBMG released The Essential Collection CD. His song "Heartaches by the Number" was part of the soundtrack of the 2010 video game Fallout: New Vegas.
1951 "You're Just In Love"
"Feet Up (Pat Him on the Po-Po)"
"'Cause I Love You, That's A-Why"
"Why Should I Go Home"
b/w "Don't Rob Another Man's Castle"
"I Want You For A Sunbeam"
"Tell Us Where The Good Times Are"
b/w "There's Nothing As Sweet As My Baby"
1954 "The Cuff Of My Shirt"
"A Dime and A Dollar"
"There Was Once A Man"
b/w "My Heaven and Earth"
"I Met The Cutest Little Eyeful (At The Eiffel Tower)"
b/w "Gee, But You Gotta Come Home"
b/w "(Otto Drives Me Crazy) Otto's Gotta Go"
b/w "Let Us Be Sweethearts Over Again"
1956 "Ninety Nine Years (Dead Or Alive)"
"Give Me A Carriage With Eight White Horses"
b/w "I'd Like To Say A Few Words About Texas"
"Call Rosie On The Phone"
1958 "The Lord Made A Peanut"
1960 "The Same Old Me"
b/w "Ridin' Around In The Rain"
1963 "Have I Told You Lately That I Love You"
1966 "The Best Thing That Ever Happened To Me"
b/w "If I Had My Life To Live Over"
b/w "Just Wish You'd Maybe Change Your Mind"
^ Cromelin, Richard (July 3, 1999). "Guy Mitchell, Singer". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 11, 2012.
^ Obituary, New York Times, July 5, 1999.
^ Obituary for Bob Merrill, The Independent; February 20, 1998.
^ Obituary, The Guardian, July 5, 1999.
^ Profile, discogs.com; accessed February 27, 2016.
^ Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. pp. 371–372. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.
^ a b c d e f g Obituary: Guy Mitchell, The Independent, July 5, 1999.
"Guy Mitchell". Find a Grave. Retrieved May 7, 2015. |
0.999987 | In a beautiful colonial house, has an impeccable atmosphere. It is known for its gourmet food. The dishes are served in old crockery, crochet tablecloths on fabrics, feels like home.
Is located on the top floor of a nearby building of the Habana Libre. It has a modern ambiance and is known for his gourmet cuisine. The prices are high.
This beautifully designed Paladar with his warm ambiance and the owners personality is like an oasis in Central Havana.
Corte del Principe has made his place among the best palates of Havana, thanks to its Italian cuisine. Located just behind the Hotel Occidental Miramar.
Opened in mid-2011,la Galería is a place of ambient charm,which would be entirely normal in most cities, but somehow appears notable in Havana.
Worth climbing the grueling stairs to reach the restaurant, located on the terrace. It has an excellent atmosphere, modern, and international, although recently became very popular and so pretty touristy.
El litoral is a lovely very smart place to eat in front of the Malecon.
Inaugurated on August 6, 2013 Élite presents itself for diners as one of the most attractive gourmet proposals in Havana.
As the name suggests, Bella Havana is a beautiful place, located on the edge of El Vedado and Miramar, in an elegant and carefully restored house.
La Calesa travel in the space of your dreams and enjoy their colors, flavors and naturally,this is possible if you are a passenger of the Calesa Royal.
Bar de Tapas, La Esencia antiquity with modern style reflected in this cozy Restaurant-Bar, will move you to a world of refinement and originality.
Founded in 1995, is a place where Havana residents and tourists gather to enjoy the best grill in Havana. La Fontana is located in the residence of the Kings Lovio, a modern family mansion in a calm part of Miramar.
Became famous in the film Fresa y chocolate. It is visited by celebrities and politicians, and located in a mansion of the last century, with a very special atmosphere, especially at night.
The text presenting the restaurant’s menu nicely sums the proposed Moral: “Dreaming is free, so dreams, are in La Moraleja, a dream come true.” The dream was inaugurated in February 2011.
Is located in a beautiful old house restored restaurant also has a bar. The place is very chic, is known for its gourmet French food and the prices are moderate. Lately it became quite touristy.
There are three different restaurants, however Los Nardos, although it is the most expensive, it is the most recommended for its ambiance, quality of food and service.
Mediterranean atmosphere and flavor. Distinguished by the preparation of dishes from fresh and natural products. Wide range of wines and cocktails.
Opera is located in an old colonial house, decorated with artwork, it has good food and service.
Despite being a city by the sea, Havana has very few places to eat overlooking the bay and the blue ocean. Rio Mar has a beautiful terrace, with a spectacular view over the river Almendares.
Ideal to enjoy with friends good food and relaxed atmosphere with a spectacular view of Havana. This glamorous,elegant restaurant, attended by people with high purchasing power.
Vista Mar is located on the second floor of an elegant private residence of Miramar, which has been converted into a restaurant. In this restaurant you can enjoy delicious seafood dishes, while listening to the murmur of the waves and enjoy beautiful sea views. |
0.999139 | Add a fruity twist to a classic treat.
2 In a mixing bowl, add brownie mix, eggs, oil, and orange juice and whisk until well combined. Add orange peel and dates and mix everything together.
3 Grease rectangular (33 x 23 cm) baking pan and pour mix into pan. Place the pan in the oven and bake for 30 min, or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean. Leave to cool before cutting and serving. |
0.960423 | Read this article to know about the role of Jupiter in Vedic astrology.
Jupiter is also known as the "greater fortune". If this planet is well dignified in a person's horoscope, he/she will be wise, magnanimous, affable, jovial, just, and good natured and will be inclined towards religion and philosophy. However, the planet in its ill-dignified aspect influences the person to be conceited, indifferent, of shallow abilities, careless, and a religious fanatic.
If Jupiter is in Aries, the individual will be wealthy, prudent, courteous, firm, and of a patient and harmonious nature. He/she will also be blessed with a happy marriage and many children.
If this planet is in Taurus, then the individual will be stately, elegant, creative, healthy, and well read. He/she will also be blessed with a happy marriage, but will have an inclination to self gratification.
If Jupiter is in Gemini, then the individual will be elegant, scholarly, and diplomatic. He/she will also be blessed with a tall, well-built body and will tend towards poetry.
If this planet is in the zodiac sign Cancer, then the individual will be dignified, wealthy, comfortable, and well read. He/she will also be inclined towards social gossip and will make a good mathematician.
If Jupiter is in Leo, then the individual will be ambitious, active, intelligent, wise, and generous. He/she will also tend to be tall and will have a commanding appearance.
If Jupiter is in this zodiac sign, then the individual will be ambitious, selfish, fortunate, and stingy. He/she will also be blessed with a beautiful spouse and great endurance.
If this planet is in the sign of Libra, the individual will be open minded, courteous, fair, religious, and of a pleasing nature. He/she will also be good looking, attractive, and strong.
If Jupiter is in Scorpio, the individual will be selfish, proud, imprudent, and will have a low self-esteem. He/she will also be well built, but will have a stooping stature and a generally unhappy life.
If Jupiter is in this zodiac sign, the individual will be wealthy, influential, charitable, and trustworthy. He/she will also be a good conversationalist and will possess artistic qualities.
If Jupiter is in Capricorn, the individual will be timid and melancholy. He/she will also have a weak body, low intelligence, and will have to work very hard even for low financial returns.
If this planet is placed in the sign Aquarius, the individual will be philosophical, popular, compassionate, sympathetic, and melancholic. He/she will also be dreamy and will tend to suffer from dental troubles.
If Jupiter is in Pisces, the individual will be enterprising and diplomatic. They will also inherit well from their family and will be stout, with medium height.
The two most important attributes of the planet Jupiter are its intimate connection with the general betterment of humanity and imparting religious tendencies to people. This planet represents or governs judges, priests, learned men, senators, preachers, ministers, bankers, philosophers, psychiatrists, and managers according to Vedic astrology. Jupiter stays in one sign for around a year and when this particular planet aspects any other planet during its transit, then it brings out good influences from the position.
First House: There is a fear of unfavorable conditions. This transit is not considered good in the Hindu astrology and but is considered beneficial as per Western astrology.
Second House: This transit brings about materialistic gains.
Third House: This transit brings fear and sickness.
Fourth House: This transit creates loss of money and fear.
Fifth House: This transit brings gain and happiness.
Sixth House: This transit brings sickness and distress.
Seventh House: This transit provides the individual respect and happiness.
Eighth House: This transit causes physical and mental troubles.
Ninth House: This transit brings about a lot of happiness, prestige, and respect from other people.
Tenth House: This transit brings about circumstances that cause the individual a lot of humiliation.
Eleventh House: This transit brings about happiness and gain in materialistic possessions.
Twelfth House: This transit brings about sickness and fear.
At the end of the day, it is important to remember that Jupiter is a guardian planet and its blessing is a must for the prosperity in life. |
0.639963 | Peter Sculthorpe was born in Launceston, Tasmania, in 1929. As a child he was severely reprimanded by his first piano teacher for returning to her, not with well-practised pieces, but with a handful of original compositions. Consequently, the seven-year-old Sculthorpe took to writing music under the bedclothes with a torch. When discovered, his parents were supportive and later transferred him to a teacher who encouraged his writing. In addition to his interest in music, he also pursued interests in literature and drawing. However, in his early teens he realized that, whereas his poems and drawings drew heavily on the work of poets and artists he admired, his compositions said something about himself. It was at this stage that he decided to be a composer. Aged 16, he went to Melbourne University, graduating with a Bachelor of Music in piano in 1950.
Returning to Launceston, he was unable to find a sustaining music job and so agreed to start a sports shop with his brother. A breakthrough came in 1955 when his Piano Sonatina (1954), based on an Aboriginal legend, was the first work of a resident Australian chosen for performance at the International Society for Contemporary Music Festival in Baden-Baden. Then, in 1958, he was awarded the Lizette Bentwich Scholarship by the University of Melbourne, which allowed him to undertake postdoctoral studies at Oxford. There he studied composition with Edmund Rubbra and Egon Wellesz and came into contact with contemporaries such as Peter Maxwell Davies and John Cage. Rather than adopting an English or European style, however, the experience raised his awareness of his uniquely Australian perspective.
Sculthorpe returned to Australia in 1960 and in 1963 accepted the first appointment in composition at the University of Sydney's Music Department, in which position he mentored the next generation of composers, including Anne Boyd, Ross Edwards, and Barry Conyngham.
Another defining moment came with the first performance of Irkanda IV, written in 1961 following the death of his father. The acclaim this work received established him internationally and in his words "gave him the courage to continue". In 1965, a most successful business relationship was established when the London music publisher, Faber, approached him about joining its list of composers.
Sculthorpe continues to be actively involved in the national and international music scene, attending festivals and performances and teaching at summer schools, as well as composing. His music is widely performed and recorded and he regularly receives commissions from overseas performing groups such as Kronos Quartet, Verdher Trio and Brodsky Quartet, as well as from Australia's major orchestras and chamber music groups.
Sculthorpe has been honoured with many awards and prizes, including an MBE (1970), OBE (1977), and Order of Australia (1990). He is also a Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities and holds four honorary doctorates. His contribution to Australian society was acknowledged in 1998 when, by popular vote, he was elected one of Australia's 100 Living National Treasures. Then in 1999 he was made one of Australia's 45 Icons—"a visionary, an opinion maker, one who is making statements about something the nation needs to think about at this time." Of this award, Sculthorpe wrote to his publisher, "I was happy enough to become one of our 100 Living National Treasures, but this is much more impressive. It means that music has at last found a place in our consciousness." In April 2002, he joined the ranks of A.D. Hope, Sidney Nolan and Christina Stead as the only Australians to be made life members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters. At the same time as his music is local and specific, this international recognition illustrates its universal and global qualities. |
0.999732 | "Wordplay" redirects here. For other uses, see Wordplay (disambiguation).
Word play or wordplay (also: play-on-words) is a literary technique and a form of wit in which words used become the main subject of the work, primarily for the purpose of intended effect or amusement. Examples of word play include puns, phonetic mix-ups such as spoonerisms, obscure words and meanings, clever rhetorical excursions, oddly formed sentences, double entendres, and telling character names (such as in the play The Importance of Being Earnest, Ernest being a given name that sounds exactly like the adjective earnest).
Word play is quite common in oral cultures as a method of reinforcing meaning. Examples of text-based (orthographic) word play are found in languages with or without alphabet-based scripts; for example, see homophonic puns in Mandarin Chinese.
Another use of fossils is in using antonyms of unpaired words – "I was well-coiffed and sheveled," (back-formation from "disheveled").
Many businesses use word play to their advantage by making their business names more memorable. This business is located near the United Nations Headquarters and plays on the term UN Peacekeepers.
Most writers engage in word play to some extent, but certain writers are particularly committed to, or adept at, word play as a major feature of their work . Shakespeare's "quibbles" have made him a noted punster. Similarly, P.G. Wodehouse was hailed by The Times as a "comic genius recognized in his lifetime as a classic and an old master of farce" for his own acclaimed wordplay. James Joyce, author of Ulysses, is another noted word-player. For example, in his Finnegans Wake Joyce's phrase "they were yung and easily freudened" clearly implies the more conventional "they were young and easily frightened"; however, the former also makes an apt pun on the names of two famous psychoanalysts, Jung and Freud.
An epitaph, probably unassigned to any grave, demonstrates use in rhyme.
He was killed with a gun.
Crossword puzzles often employ wordplay to challenge solvers. Cryptic crosswords especially are based on elaborate systems of wordplay.
Young Thug used a play on words in his verse on "Sacrifices" by Drake featuring 2 Chainz and Young Thug.
You get it? I said I'ma username, like, "Who is he?"
Word play can enter common usage as neologisms.
Word play is closely related to word games; that is, games in which the point is manipulating words. See also language game for a linguist's variation.
Word play can cause problems for translators: e.g. in the book Winnie-the-Pooh a character mistakes the word "issue" for the noise of a sneeze, a resemblance which disappears when the word "issue" is translated into another language.
^ "wordplay: definition of wordplay in Oxford dictionary (British & World English)". Askoxford.com. 31 July 2013. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
^ "Drake - Sacrifices Lyrics in Genius". Genius.com. Retrieved 19 March 2017. |
0.987264 | Is there something holding you back from accomplishing your goals? If so, life coaching may be ideal for you. People often ask me the difference between therapy and life coaching. Coaching tends to focus on the present and future rather than the past. As a coach, I help people identify their goals and the obstacles they are facing. Like therapy, coaching involves guidance and support, but it also places a great deal of emphasis on accountability. This enables you to do more under my guidance than you might achieve on your own.
Life coaching is great for folks who have a good degree of self awareness and are ready to change for the better. Working together, career and life goals are discussed and an action plan for change is produced. The coaching relationship can help anyone become the best they can be. Great issues for life coaching are excelling at your current career, launching a business or a side hustle, and getting back into the work force after a leave. Other issues may include work/life balance, organizational challenges, getting your health in optimal shape, empowerment, self-confidence building and leadership. |
0.999692 | Do you want to know why Veterans Day is on this date?
It was November the 11th, 1918, at the 11th hour, that the armistice took effect and the guns of the Western Front fell silent.
World War I, the Great War, the "war to end all wars", had drawn to a close.
Veterans Day - a day which has come to honor all American veterans - was originally a day set aside to honor the service of the millions of soldiers from the United States who went "Over There" to fight in the trenches of Europe.
Frank Buckles, the last surviving "doughboy", passed away in February of this year. He was 110 years old. |
0.99457 | This story does not state anything regarding Istigatha, rather it clearly states “(O caliph!) Why do you turn your face from the Holy Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم), as he is the source of mediation for you and for your ancestor Adam (عليه السلام) ON THE DAY OF JUDGEMENT. Rather you should (pray and supplicate by) turning towards the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) and seek his intercession so that he intercedes for you before Allah ON THE DAY OF JUDGEMENT."
Al Haythamee Quoted this Hadeeth under the Chapter of باب قوله: لا تجعلن قبري وثناً "Chapter Saying Do not turn my grave into an idol" in his Majma Az Zawaid.
Some of the people of Madina who "HAD NEITHER COME FROM A JOURNEY NOR WERE GOING ON A JOURNEY" would do that once a day or more, sometimes once or twice on Jumu'a or other days, giving the greeting and "MAKING SUPPLICATION FOR AN HOUR".
لم يبلغني هذا عن أهل الفقه ببلدنا وتركه واسع ولا يصلح آخر هذه الأمة إلا ما أصلح أولها ولم يبلغني عن أول هذه الأمة وصدرها أنهم كانوا يفعلون ذلك ويكره إلا لمن جاء من سفر أو أراده . قال ابن القاسم : ورأيت أهل المدينة إذا خرجوا منها أو دخلوا أتوا القبر فسلموا قال ولذلك رأى .
وقد عرف بالنقل المستفيض سؤال السلف الصالح - رضي الله عنهم - شفاعة نبينا - صلى الله عليه وسلم - ورغبتهم فيها ، وعلى هذا لا يلتفت إلى قول من قال إنه يكره أن يسأل الإنسان الله تعالى أن يرزقه شفاعة محمد - صلى الله عليه وسلم - ، لكونها لا تكون إلا للمذنبين فإنها قد تكون كما قدمنا لتخفيف الحساب ، وزيادة الدرجات ثم كل عاقل معترف بالتقصير ، محتاج إلى العفو ، غير معتد بعمله ، مشفق من أن يكون من الهالكين ، ويلزم هذا القائل ألا يدعو بالمغفرة والرحمة ; لأنها لأصحاب الذنوب ، وهذا كله خلاف ما عرف من دعاء السلف والخلف . هذا آخر كلام القاضي - رحمه الله - والله أعلم .
It clearly states that we should ask Allah for the intercession of the Prophet peace be upon him.
Ibn ‘Abdil Hadi said after quoting the story attributed to Imam Malik: “I say: What is known from Malik is not facing the grave for invocation, and this story quoted by Qadi ‘Iyad with his Isnad to Malik is not true from him, and the objector (As-Subki) said in a place of his book its Isnad is a good (Jayd) Isnad, and he is mistaken in this saying with a clear mistake, rather the Isnad is not good, it is an unjust Munqati’ (disconnected) Isnad, and it comprehends someone accused of lying, and on some whose condition is not known, and ibn Humayd is Muhammad ibn Humyd Ar-Razi, he is weak with a lot of Manakir, not based upon in narrations, and he did not hear anything from Malik nor met him, rather this narration from him is Munqati’ not continuous.
And the objector thought that he (Muhammad ibn Humayd) is Abu Sufyan Muhammad ibn Humayd Al-Mu’amari, one of the trustworthy narrators present in “Sahih Muslim”, he said: “Al-Khatib mentioned him among those who narrated from Malik” and he made a clear mistake in his thinking and an ugly error, because Muhammad ibn Humayd Al-Mu’amari came before, Ya’qub ibn Ishaq ibn Abi Israil the narrator from ibn Humayd in the story did not reach him, rather there is a great gap between them. Al-Mu’amari narrated from Hisham ibn Hasaan, Mu’amar and Ath-Thawri, and he did in 182H before the birth of Ya’qub ibn Ishaq ibn Abi Israil. As for Muhammad ibn Humayd Ar-Razi then he is among the narrators from Al-Mu’amari like Abu Khaythamah, ibn Numayr, ‘Amr An-Naqid and others, and his death was in 248, and it is possible for Ya’qub ibn Ishaq to narrate from him contrary to narrating from Al-Mu’amari, because it is impossible.
Muhammad ibn Humayd Ar-Razi, and he is the one from whom the narration is narrated, has been criticised by many Imams and some attributed lie to him.
Also after the weakness of ibn Humayd, there is also disconnection as ibn Humayd did not meet Malik as explained by Ibn Taymiyah in his “Al-Qa’idah Al-Jalilah fi Tawassul Wal Wasilah” and this chain contains other unknown narrators. |
0.998344 | Why dream of a horse or a horse? This dream is very symbolic. After all, horses from ancient times were helpers, friends and companions of man. Each source treats this dream in its own way. For correct interpretation it is necessary to take into account all its details.
If a person sees a castrated horse in a dream, then someone will wake up to him in secret.
A horse in a dream foreshadows sadness. If a person travels on it, then a risky business awaits him awake. Saddle - to luck and profit. If the dreamer sees running away horses, then in reality he needs to fear some misfortune. The reared horses symbolize someone's powerful protection. To own them is to well-being. To see how animals are shod to achieve a high position. A dead horse dreams of hard work for food. Thin - to a lot of obstacles in life. Saddled horse in a dream promises a man a good wife. See how the animal harnessed - in reality to lose loved one.
The horses of gray or white suits in a dream portendsuccess and prosperity. The nests or blacks symbolize high status and power. Sitting on horseback - get a good reward for their labors. To shoe an animal - to a calm and full old age. A mare in a dream is a symbol of sexual satisfaction, and a stallion is a sexual power.
Horses in a dream are a sign of strength, help, powerfulenergy and sexuality. For girls, this vision is a symbol of marriage and love impulses. Often it dreams of the appearance of a lover or a meeting with fate.
If a person in a dream pursues a wild horse - tounfortunately. For girls this dream can mean an engagement. Keep horse skull in your hands - to illnesses and all sorts of misfortunes. The old animal - to serious damage. A beautiful horse of light colors dreams happily, a consolation in sorrow and calm old age. If the animal tries to bite or kick the sleeper - someone with his slander wants to harm him. This dream can also foreshadow the appearance of a guest with bad intentions. An exhausted horse can promise a happy occasion, as well as moving from urban to rural areas. The fallen animal foreshadows a ruin, standing on its hind legs - a quarrel. To hold a horse under the bridle is a danger. The pony tail dreams of quarrels and disputes.
A horse of black color foreshadows riskyadventures. If an animal stumbles or breaks a leg - this is a warning against excessive, meaningless risk, which threatens with great trouble. White horse is a symbol of wealth, fame and nobility. A horse in apples portends to the sleeper a very interesting, varied and rich life. A red or red animal is a sign of strong expansive emotions. This dream says that the dreamer lives on the whim and most often acts according to the senses, and not with the mind. A silver horse in a dream says that a dreamer has a dreamy nature and a great imagination. Riding on it is a very good omen. A person has every chance to achieve the most fantastic goals. Tired or driven animal, as well as a working horse-heavy-horse in a dream, says that someone is shamelessly using the nobility of a dreamer. This dream can also mean that a person has driven himself, fulfilling someone's requests and commands.
Dream: a horse and what a horse dreams about. |
0.974676 | But given the overall trend, I would argue that we are quickly heading toward an era where corporations view innovation almost strictly in terms of their own global self-interest rather than in terms of one nation or another. If this is true, then we need to adjust our thinking about America’s role as an innovation leader. When it comes to innovation and intellectual property, it may be that companies are replacing countries as the entities that make the rules.
I agree the impact of countries is declining and companies increasing. Still governments hold a great deal of power to create environments that are supportive or hostile to innovation and thereby influence where it is done.
One, of many reasons, the Untied States succeed in the last half of the 20th century was wise government support of innovation. Now other countries such as India, Singapore, China, Korea… are taking smart action also.
I happen to side with those like Lawernce Lessig that believe we are harming the United States economy by having a government policy that too restrictive about intellectual property. I believe countries that have sufficient clout to stand up to the United States, and who have a more sensible IP policy will gain a great advantage if the United States were not to adjust policies based on the ideas of Lessig and others.
The change that I think should be made is to see the role of government as a influencer of what the future will hold rather than a dictator. The actions the United States government takes will be one factor that determines where innovation takes place (and what geographic location gains the largest economic benefit) but other countries, companies and individuals will also make decisions. It will be a much more interdependent system than in the past. And no one player will be able to dictate the action.
Google’s success is not solely due to the fact it was formed in the United States. But there are many reasons why Google, ebay, Amazon, Yahoo… are based in the United States and have lead the way in internet innovation. The challenge for the United States is to keep those comparative advantages as high as possible even though the advantages are declining and will continue to do so, in my opinion.
Article: Is the US Patent System Endangering American Innovation?
We will see more and more companies emerge from non US shores. I think the US had its fair share of glory and now it’s time others can too. Just look at China and how they have grown. While they are still limited on the net due to government regulations i believe we will see more of them in the future. |
0.936646 | Dot com or doubt com?
It depends on the use, how do you use the internet. If you are using the internet just for taking some information, then it is not at all harmful and insecure and if you use sensitive information in the site like bank accounts, password during bank transactions, then it can be regarded as doubtful because if that site is not secure then you can get in great trouble. Also, it happens usually that when we are trying to get information about a particular topic then we get different results on different sites and we can't decide which one to be true.
In my opinion, Dot com is not creating any problems or confusion. It totally depends on us that how we are taking that information and some valuable site are there, if we follow these trust worthy sites we can get correct information. If we talk about secured sites while making any bank transaction then we have to notice that https not HTTP is an indication for safe payment site.
To conclude I would like to say that Dot com is everything and we do not have to take it as doubt com as it will be our mistake if we consider these valuable sites Doubt com because of our lack of knowledge.
In today's scenario internet has become a doubt com instead of dot com. Any content we see on the internet we are doubtful of its authenticity. These days there is an abundance of information and which one is authentic and which one not that creates doubt for the user. The doubt is more prevalent in cases of financial transactions. Whether the site is secured or mere an imitation of the original site. So the user should be more pragmatic of the source of the information that one seeks and filter before trusting blindly any site.
Dot com and doubt com is interesting topic and I believe all know that dot com is domain which provided information for certain or particular things which we want. But sometime dot com become doubt com because when we search and get information about anything from dot com than we also try to cross check with other resources as well as doubt com become dot com when we have doubt for information than we suddenly try to search it through dot com. So dot com sometime become doubt com and vice versa according to our need and our thinking.
Good day, all of you.
First of all, I would like to bring a notice to you that all people forgot that google is a search engine. We all use googling instead of searching. That much impact google has made in us. We are all confused with this itself. Doubt com arises when there is a dot.com. When there is two or more dot. Com we don't know what information to follow exactly.
In my opinion, both Dot.com and Doubt.com are unseperable and like day-night cycle, because if any doubt arises (Doubt.com) we go for Dot.com, when we use Dot.com it produces 'n' number of Dot.com and further leading to Doubt.com and cycling repeats.
Dot com or doubt com is a good topic and it's pleasant to have the discussion on this topic. As many negative points for dot come we have as after getting different data from different site we get doubt which information is exact.
For this, we can create an organisation who look after which domain to allow upload information and on the regular basis checkpoints should be taken so that proper functioning can be done and thus leading a dot to doubt com can practically make it as null.
According to me this very interesting topic. When any dot com becomes totally confusing or chaos then a new term is automatically invented i.e. is doubt com. Dot com means work or doubt com means confusion.
Our mind is very confusing I observed it many times we always think about result or good or bad thing before doing any work it creates fear or confusion in our mind and stop us to doing work. So if we will use our dot com very wisely it won't be become doubt com.
Bot everything lead to good one. We surf on internet, we transact the money, and we connect with people. These are the benefits which comes with the dot com. But it is also two sided. You can never judge that dot com will never harm your sensitive information or maybe your account be hacked.
So if anyone wants to enjoy the benefits of dot com, we have to consider the doubts com as negligible.
Internet by no doubt is one of the best and most remarkable inventions of the 20th century. Information on each and everything under the sun is available to us in just a few clicks. The age of internet has also ushered in freedom of expression and speech on a global platform having said this, abundance of information on a particular topic is what gives rise to doubts per see. A person using the internet therefore has to be mentally alert to not be swayed by unlimited information available on the world wide web.
Dot com or Doubt com, Internet is here to stay for generations to come, so according to me its the responsibility of the person surfing to be on guard and learn to filter information before believing anything to be true.
Internet is a ocean of knowledge. Now, Google is used to get information, to clarify doubts. But the result sites are many. It include sites of different domains such as .com, .net, .org. So people are in a confusion, that which site information may be trusted and which is secure. Also there are million, .com sites which differs in a single letter. Anyways the net result depends on the point of view of the user itself.
Dot Com now days has become doubt com because you are not sure whether the information required by the site will be secured or not. For example when we use dot com to transfer money or information, we are always in doubt whether it safe or not.
So, now days dot com is doubt com and the degree of doubt increases with the sensitivity of the information. Currently my mind is occupied with lot of doubt i.e. whether this dot com is doubt com or not. :).
Hi friends we already know .com is only used for commercial websites and we know that there are different different types of sites on the internet. They have their particular domain name according to their types. A user can use this according to his/her needs. But People generally type the direct site title on search engine or uniform resource locator but its not an efficient way to access those sites. So In my opinion we should to apply the domain name after the site name then it would be easy for us.
And sometimes we generally seeing that people normally types any site name than he/she can redirect to any other site.
In my opinion dot com, help us to know our desired question over internet, but at the same time this dot com becomes doubt com when we don't have the exact web address, it becomes like dictionary, i.e. full of meaning related to our desired question, but when we know the exact word's spelling we can easily get the answer, and here same rule applies on the web site ".com".
It makes no sense of "doubt com" when user has some prior knowledge. For the new user, some sites are very easy for you to make understand why internet is there and what can it do for you ? For example "doubt com" phrase is non sensible for the google user. As the biggest internet company, it has done so much work to provide the information in an easiest way possible from Hi Tech user to low profile user.
There have no any controversy about Internet in this century.
It will be dot com and sometime it will be doubt com also. In few words we can express it.
Dot com that helps us to give the desired asks but if we use a search engine for ask the desired, it gives us so many reply from different domains. It may cause of confusion. In that's way dot com turn into doubt com.
Though its depends upon way of use by user's by their varieties mentality.
Sometimes its also be malware but it is only technical problem. Main problem in our point of use or view or in understanding that how you can appreciate it.
Hai friends. I agree to some statements as above mentioned but now a days internet is the reference for them who has a lot of doubts, data may be varying but it is not wide varying so this not the issue.
Whenever we have doubt then the first point that strike in our mind is internet and we refer in internet and as far as me concerned doubt.com leads to dot.com.
As far as I am concerned I think a "doubt com leads to dot com". Unless or until you have to know something, you may have no need to look through dot com. Here I mean that when you are having a doubt regarding some issue you will definitely reach either your elder or teacher or internet (dot.com). Since dot com provides global information you will reach internet. Thus I relate doubt com as a part of dot com.
Internet is means of knowledge, entertainment and many more things. It is good source for getting information that what is going around the world or students can complete their assignments or projects through it. It is like ocean of knowledge. But on other hand online shopping, viruses are hitting us bad. Still many do not believe in online shopping because of lack of security measures. I suggest certain parameters must be created so that doubt com problem is being removed completely.
According to me Dot com is used for internet case but when we use doubt com we talk about the internet sites which have different sites name which are ends with '.net', '.org', '.pk' etc so it become very hard to decide that what we will use with the site name.
So I think doubt com is not the bad thing it also helps us to indicates the domain name to us so Dot com and Doubt com are same.
Hello to every one. We know very well that dot com means what, this is domain name provide by the IANA internet authority, for commercial site. This is not doubt com. Doubt com is nothing its only confusion for us. When we are using internet for banking transaction, online registration all these things that are necessary.
We are not sure this one is correct or incorrect site because more site are public.
They will create doubt in our mind. That's it.
"Dot com or doubt com?" is a "difficult to understand topic" as I can see from a number of comments here.
Dot com refers to use of internet, its reliability, its security. By Doubt com the examiner means that is Internet reliable or secure?
It depends what is your need? If you are using Internet for Education purpose, may it be finding colleges, notes, research articles etc. It is very very useful. All latest technical knowledge is available easily. Students can find colleges as per their needs.
On the other hand, if we consider Banking sector, it is becomes really doubtful to do the transactions. Of course we have Anti-viruses, Firewalls, but still a number of bank account passwords have been hacked. Security is the question here.
Same is the case with Social networking websites.
Conclusion- Internet being doubtful depends on the purpose of the use.
Yes it's depends on our perception. If we are eligible to get good from .com that will automatically useful for future. If we fail in that process that also learns you something. Have a good luck. Get good things.
Hello friends if we have proper knowledge about the topic which we are pursuing surely dot come won't be doubt come. Truly speaking it just depend on understanding. So I conclude by saying "dot com is boon for mankind".
Surely due to so many similiar sites created by doubtful creators .COM becomes Doubt com. but surfing of doubtful sites all depends on our understaing of those. before starting to use or giving personal information we analyse that whether such sites is fulfill our needs. out of above certainly com useful for us.
There are lots lots of websites available providing variety of services. A user has so many options that it becomes really very difficult hoe to choose the best one from number of websites. Definitely some are best but are not so good. This all creates lot of confusion customer's mind. I think that there should be some regulatory body who should set a parameter of standards in order to help customers. This is even more important since internet is largely used by small children as well and the materials available may not be always beneficial.
If a user has some information about the website it really wont make any confusion as every website is unique. The confusion arrives when we don't have the proper information and it leads to contradictory and non- standardized results. Here is where people keep on yelling doubt coms.
Dot comes or doubt comes. All of us have to agree with this statement because dot means a you can say a website from which we are getting lot of knowledge, vital information and in absence of this dot the things remain into our mind is only doubt.
It is the good site and very interesting topic is discussed. So in my opinion searching of unknown sites are better to get more knowledge, may be somebody misuse it. But people know that unknown things are more than missuse.
It's a doubt com or dot com. Whatever it may be the com but the user has some knowledge about which site does he works on. As per others view, it is sure that now-a-days lot of sites are taking place in Internet zone. Among those sites know one can analyse whether which site to be trust. Through Internet we can surf all our needs for which we can compensate our needs.
At last, it will remain as doubt com rather than dot com.
Dear Kalpesh, I think you did not understand the topic of discussion, the topic here is not topic about the domain, whether its. Com or. Org or anything else. . Com is used is a more analogous way to refer to the internet. I think its a doubt. Com because in more or less every situation there is a huge amount of confusion and doubt with respect to the reliability of the information that's available online. For every topic you can find varied data on millions of sites. So the doubt is which data to trust, hence I feel its definitely a doubt. Com.
With our more and more dependency on internet it's becoming our part of our life and the result of which is boom in commercial sites providing information to entertainment, but with thier increasing number now their is cacaphony of information provided on these sites sometimes contradicting each other and hence one can not say about it's authenticity and it would not be wrong to say that it has become a doubt com from dot com.
We all know that each coin has two sides so if it has some loopholes but on the other hand these sites are also important, hence it's all depend on the user that how's one is using these commercial sites as dot com or doubt com.
Even though there are lot of dot coms avilable every one has some distinguishable key points we need to identify them. then we can easily use them with out confuse.
.com are esssential for efficient searching also rather they are somewhat confusing but we can't say that .com is bad or not useful due to more and more large data such confusing problems may arose..
ya i accept your opinion. But really those things are very useful. Its not a doubt com. Its useful .com ok friends we conclude this this discussion, really its an interesting topic given to us.. also many bodies told your suggestion. If we use the internet in correct web site means really its not a doubt com.
Actually com is meant to be commercial. It says that all the .com sites are commercial sites.all bussiness managments are maintaining this com sites.some of the com sites are more confusing to us. So by those confusions they are becoming doubt coms.
we should be more carefull while visiting those sites.as we give our informations to them while registering they may mis use those information given by us. So we should be more carefull while registering in any site.
My dear friends Selva, Suresh and Sare you peoples didn't get the exact meaning of our topic "Dot com or doubt com". In the internet domain not only .com (stands for commercial sites) is present but also several different domains like .net, .in, .org, .edu is available.
Since the internet is too large having lots of different domain, so whenever you tried to get some information from internet you will got several opinions based for that particular information, say weather temperature information on diffrent site shows different weather results etc, in such non-standardize situation you might confused about that result.
So in my opinion the the information present in the internet domain in not following any defined standard causes lots of confusion.
Now a days lot of com are there and helping us to make it clear.only difficulty is with the name. great saying also there "if we want to get anythig we should face some difficulties". so to get the correct and exact information we should remember the coms..
Hai friends........ Today we are seeing many no.of websites in internet, all are usefull to us, but there some doubts about websites. All dot com are related same name just small difference found if we observed them deeply, so the all sites are (same named sites) confused us.
Now a days there are lot of dot coms are available, thats its too difficult to understand and also remember. Then some times its too helpful for to search everything and also it having disadvantages also which means lot of dot coms are it just nearly same names that is the main problem of this.
Will Indian economy grow faster with reduced Goods and Services Tax (GST)? |
0.997907 | Write a c program to check whether a year is leap year or not.
A leap year is a year containing one additional day in order to keep the calendar year in sync with the astronomical year. Each leap year lasts 366 days instead of the usual 365, by extending February to 29 days rather than the common 28 days.
If a year is divisible by 4 but not by 100, then it is a leap year.
If a year is divisible by both 4 and by 100, then it is a leap year only if it is also divisible by 400.
This program takes a year as input from user and checks whether it is leap year or not as per above mentioned algorithm and print it accordingly. |
0.999358 | Teaching the “Tools” of Poetry A poet uses many “tools” to shape language to suit an idea and a pur-pose. Here are some examples: •rhythm •musical language •sensory imagery •comparisons •shape and form •rhyme These poetic devices are discussed in more detail on the following pages. Rhythm One characteristic that distinguishes poetry from prose is the rhythm and cadence of... A lesson plan for KS1 on how to write a senses poem. Additional resources include a workshop aimed at pupils (which is also suitable for KS2) and an activity showing pupils how they can experience being deaf and blind and how that affects their senses.
Reading poetry about the polar regions and then writing poems about home provide an alternative to the traditional Venn Diagrams and other graphic organizers. An elementary school teacher in Anchorage, Alaska, (we’ll call her Ms. K) developed a lesson plan for writing sensory poems as part of a unit on poetry.
Sensory poems are an excellent way to encourage children to experiment with using words to describe their senses, and in doing so bring their writing to life for others. |
0.940934 | What exactly does a "people leader" do?
I happened across something called the 'People Strengths Quiz' online. As the title implies, it's supposed to tell you about your biggest strength as a person. The possibilities were people pleaser, people leader, people guru, and people persuader.
This was a test I couldn't "psyche out" the way you can with some instruments like Myers-Briggs, where one can figure out what they're going for and, if you were so inclined, push the test toward the outcome you want. So, whatever the result of this simple instrument, I was going to be a bit surprised, I guess.
The test told me that I'm a "people leader." Fortunately for me, that's what the work I've been called to do entails.
But the result got me to thinking about leadership, my experiences with it, and my reflections on it.
Some people misunderstand leadership, I think. It's not about being the BMOC (or BWOC), the person who barks orders out to others.
A leader is, above all, a servant, who strives to help people move from today's point A to a better and preferred point B and beyond.
Leaders are also persuaders. Persuasion isn't manipulation from afar. It is, in fact, intensely personal and collaborative.
This is true even when the leader has coercive power over those being led. Years ago, I heard Pastor Bill Hybels tell the story of a new member of his church, a retired colonel. The colonel told Hybels that pastors' claims to be leaders were laughable. "When I gave an order," he told Hybels, "people did what I told them to do." Hybels answered, "That may be. But when people don't do what I tell them, I can't order them to get down and give me 150 pushups."
There's something to that, of course. But when I told the story to Curtis "Mike" Scaparrotti, now the commander of NATO forces and a son of Saint Matthew Lutheran Church in Logan, Ohio, where I formerly was pastor, he smiled and pointed out: "You still have to be able to persuade." (That's probably why Scap is a general!) He understands something I first heard said by Pastor John Maxwell about leadership: "First people have to buy into you. Then they will buy into where you want to lead them." Once trust is earned, leaders can be persuasive.
Another way of describing persuasion is teaching. Franklin Roosevelt said that one of the primary tasks of a president is to be a teacher. Presidents (and all leaders) have to take the information they have, distill it, weave it into a vision, and communicate it in accessible ways.
The most challenging lesson FDR had to teach the country during his presidency was about its need to prepare for the possibility of war in light of the rise of fascist Germany and Italy and Imperial Japan.
This wasn't an easy lesson for the country to accept. After World War I, the country wanted "a return to normalcy" and isolationism was the rule of the day. Roosevelt slowly taught the country the need for preparedness. Miraculously, during this period, he convinced Congress and the country to adopt the Lend-Lease Program, which helped the British fend off a German invasion of their nation.
While the country's military preparedness wasn't where it needed to be when Japan attacked the country on December 7, 1941 and Germany quickly thereafter declared war on the United States, America's teaching president had moved the country closer to being ready for the fight than it would have been had he remained passive.
One of the things I learned from my student teaching experience and have continued to learn from my thirty-two years as an educator of all ages in the Church is that the teacher only has to be one lesson plan or two ahead of the students. Leaders have to try to think one to four steps ahead, far enough ahead to cast a vision, but not so far ahead as to lose people.
All of which means that leadership is a collaborative process. Leaders who don't vision with those they lead and leaders who don't recruit other leaders to help them implement that vision will soon find that they're leading nobody.
Finally, a "people leader" who wants to have a lasting positive impact on others really needs to be in constant touch with God. I think that's true whatever one's field. I try to begin my day five days a week in Quiet Time with God, seeking what God wants to show me, teach me, and call me to do and be that day by digging into His Word. I also pray for guidance. What I've learned is that when we rely on God, He helps us to do what we are incapable of doing in our own power.
I'm not sure I entirely understand or agree with the "people leader" categorization in this test, but it caused me to reflect a bit on my role as a leader in Christ's Church and, occasionally, in other contexts.
One thing I know for sure is that I've failed many times as a people leader. Some of my mistakes have cost me the trust of people I loved and trusted. I try to learn from my failures and mistakes, seeking God's forgiveness and help to do better tomorrow than I did today.
This lifestyle is what Martin Luther (a great leader) called "daily repentance and renewal," turning in trust to the God we meet in Jesus Christ in order to own our sins, receive God's forgiveness, and be reshaped by the Holy Spirit. It's a way of life that can help any of us: people pleasers, people gurus, people persuaders, or people leaders. And everybody else.
We offered this as a prayer petition during worship at Living Water yesterday. If you feel so inclined, would you join in offering petitions like this as we move toward Friday?
Almighty God, Lord of all the nations, this week will bring the inauguration of a new president. To him and to those who serve in all three branches of our federal government and to thosewho serve at all levels of government in this country, grant wisdom and the faith and humility to act on that wisdom. We ask that all office-holders will be successful not on their terms or on ours, but on Your terms alone. Lord, in Your mercy, hear our prayer.
But my Twitter correspondents would have none of it. Like the members of the Flat Earth Society, these atheist tweeters would not be confused by the facts.
And there are a lot of verifiable facts about Jesus. In their book, Reinventing Jesus: How Contemporary Skeptics Miss the Real Jesus and Mislead Popular Culture, three New Testament scholars have a helpful chart comparing the documentation we have for the New Testament, containing our most complete and earliest accounts of Jesus, compared to documents recounting other ancient history.
I’m not going to give all the details. I’ll just say that the facts speak for themselves. As you can see, we have much more documentation, extending back closer to the days when the events of the New Testament--when Jesus lived, died, and rose--took place than we have of other ancient historical events. The unflinching witness of the early Church for, not just the existence of Jesus, but also of His death, resurrection, and ascension, is more extensive than the evidence routinely cited to document the lives of ancient figures like Alexander the Great and Julius Caesar.
But when I pointed all of this out to those atheist tweeters, guess what? Not a single one of them told me that they were convinced. So far as I know, none of them, have come to faith in Jesus Christ. Yet.
And I may never know if they do. Sometimes as Christians, our job isn’t to “make the sale” of discipleship, it’s simply to plant the seed. Other Christians who come into those people’s lives may cultivate and water the seed. Still others may harvest it for God.
With the apostle Paul, we can say: “I planted the seed, Apollos watered it, but God has been making it grow.” (1 Corinthians 3:6) Our job as followers of Jesus is to keep on in the disciplemaking business.
It was after repeated encounters with real people who authentically sought to live as disciples of Jesus that my iced-over heart, my resistant mind, and, toughest of all, my stubborn will began to be pried open to the grace of God and the new life that only comes to us through Jesus Christ.
It was the lives and witness of the people of Bethlehem Lutheran Church in Columbus, Ohio, whose humble commitment to Christ through the ups and downs of life and their acceptance of me caused me to want to know more about Jesus Christ and, eventually, in their fellowship, to give my life to Him.
This brings us to the central theme from today’s gospel lesson that I want us to focus in on this morning. Take a look at it, please, John 1:29-42.
John the Baptist’s witness for Jesus in these few verses should give us the confidence we need to be witnesses for Jesus ourselves. All John did was talk about the encounter he’d had with Jesus and how he had come to see Jesus as the perfect sacrificial lamb sent by God to erase the power of sin and death over our lives. He affirmed his own personal faith in Jesus Christ. From his own relationship with the God revealed in Jesus, John was able to point others toward Jesus.
Listen: If you have a relationship with Jesus--if you believe in Him, His Holy Spirit will empower you to tell others about what Jesus means to you.
And the deeper you go in that relationship with Jesus--through daily quiet times of prayer, confession, and Bible reading, regular worship, involvement with Bible studies and the mission efforts of the Church, and devotional times with your children--the more you will have to tell about Jesus.
A Christian disciple really can’t tell her or his life story without talking about the impact of Jesus Christ on their life story.
When we know Jesus, we’re able to share Jesus, whether it’s with family members, friends, classmates, or co-workers. And that’s how disciples are made.
What is it that caused those two disciples of John the Baptist to simply get up and follow Jesus? The same thing that will cause our friends, relatives, and acquaintances to follow Jesus when we point to Him.
John the Baptist had a relationship with those disciples. John had "street cred."
When people know you and trust you, they’ll be interested in your Savior. If people buy into you, they’re more likely to buy into the Lord you follow.
Discipleship is born in relationship, not salesmanship.
Discipleship is born in relationship, not programs.
Being a welcoming church, you know, is all about how you welcome people once they enter your building. For we in the church, our buildings, our sanctuaries, our class rooms, our worship services, our learning events, and our fellowship groups all unfold in our comfort zones, here among people we know. They happen on our home court or our home field. That’s nice. But being welcoming isn’t really how you fulfill Jesus’ great commission (Matthew 28:19-20).
In our lesson, Jesus invited the two disciples of John the Baptist to come and see.
Then Andrew invited his brother Simon Peter to check Jesus out.
Jesus didn’t wait to welcome people once they showed up; He invited them to know Him better.
Andrew didn’t hang around Jesus and wait for his brother to show up; Andrew went to his brother, then invited him to know Jesus for himself.
That’s why that Lutheran congregation decided not to be a welcoming church anymore; they decided to be an inviting church. They would grow as disciples themselves and then, instead of waiting for people to show up at their church, they would go out and invite others to know and follow Jesus.
Welcoming churches are passive; inviting churches are active.
Welcoming churches wait for the unchurched to come to them; inviting churches are empowered by the Holy Spirit to carry the good news of new and everlasting life through faith in Jesus into their communities.
Welcoming churches stay in their comfort zones; inviting churches “go in peace [and] share the good news” with the world beyond its doors.
Welcoming churches may reach up and sometimes reach in; inviting churches reach up to God, reach in to fellow disciples for growth and Christian fellowship, and reach out to the world beyond that fellowship so that all the world can know and follow Jesus, trust in Him and have His presence in their lives today, and live with God for eternity.
This past week we visited our son and daughter-in-law in Texas, where our son is a pastor. One day, he and I walked to a local bakery. While we were there, a young couple walked in and my son, temperamentally an introvert, struck up a conversation with them. In no time, he'd learned that they were new to the area and where they lived. A few moments later, the man had his cell phone out and was showing pictures to Philip. In a few brief moments, Phil introduced himself and who he was and where his church was. We checked out and there were friendly goodbyes. As Phil and I walked from the bakery, he said quietly, "And that's what I do."
That's what we're all called to do: To love our neighbor and invite them to come and see our Savior Jesus.
In 2017, as we move to more firmly establish a culture of discipleship at Living Water with our partners in the North American Lutheran Church and Navigators, I pray that we all will make the effort to grow in our relationship with Christ so that we become an inviting church, a fellowship of Christians who move into the world with boldness and humility to invite others to “come and see” the Savior Jesus: the way, and the truth, and the life.
Let’s not be just a welcoming church; let’s be an inviting church!
Let’s ask everyone we know, personally and lovingly, to “come and see” Jesus Christ.
Stick to the job at hand, Franklin!
I have long been an admirer of evangelist Billy Graham.
For years, I financially supported his organization with small contributions.
My ministry and my life as a Christian have been enriched by attending two Billy Graham Schools of Evangelism.
And, in what turned out to be the penultimate evangelism campaign of his illustrious career, I served on five different committees for the Billy Graham Mission in Cincinnati, held at Paul Brown Stadium. I served (and was the only Lutheran on) the invitation committee that asked Dr. Graham to come to the Queen City. Later, I chaired a regional prayer team, two other teams, and, finally, as chair of the counseling team, that group of counselors who met people who came forward to give their lives to Christ after Graham issued his call to faith in Christ.
I've also read and learned a lot from Billy Graham's books like Facing Death, The Holy Spirit, Angels: God's Secret Agents, and others. Billy Graham's preaching and teaching have been a source of inspiration to me from the moment I came to faith in Jesus Christ.
Along with Martin Luther, Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Phillipp Melanchthon, Martin Luther King, Jr., and my mentor, Pastor Bruce Schein, Billy Graham is one of my heroes as a Christian servant-leader.
But I have become disgusted with the overt political pronouncements being made by Mr. Graham's son, Franklin, now head of the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association (BGEA).
Billy Graham grew close to presidents, of course, especially to Democrat Lyndon Johnson, for whom Graham almost decided to lead the War on Poverty. Graham was nearly as close to Johnson's successor, Richard Nixon.
After being used by Nixon though, Billy Graham decided that while he would be available as a pastor to presidents, he would never again allow himself or his message to be co-opted by a political figure. He had bigger fish to fry: to make disciples of Jesus Christ by proclaiming the good news of new life and the forgiveness of sins for all who repent and trustingly surrender to Jesus.
When pastors or evangelists get involved with politics, they risk alienating groups of people who associate political parties and candidates with the good news, the gospel, and so reject Jesus with the candidates or parties they don't like.
Franklin Graham seems to ignore this lesson learned by his father. (One I've had to learn myself after mistakenly making a run for the state house of representatives while still serving as a pastor.) The younger Graham has recently made statements that seem to intimate that God preferred Donald Trump in the recent election.
That's ridiculous. I guarantee that I know as many committed, prayerful Christians who supported candidates other than Trump in the recent presidential election as those who did back the real estate mogul.
I think that it's fine for Graham to offer an opening prayer at the Trump Inauguration this coming Friday. I myself have offered prayers for the openings of a legislative session of the Ohio House of Representatives and, more recently, of a session of the Centerville (OH) City Council. We need to pray for public leaders, both in our public and private praying.
But both clergy and the Church should stand clear of seeming to stamp the approval of Jesus on particular political parties, policies, or candidates. It's an unauthorized misuse of Jesus' name and it inhibits our capacity to reach others with a far more important message than any that might be offered by any office-holder or political party: The message about Jesus than can transform believers from God's enemies to God's eternal friends.
Some day, when I'm no longer involved daily in pastoral ministry (I think I may retire in about ten or twenty years...I'm only 63 and feel as though I'm just getting started!), I may get engaged in publicly talking my politics.
But until then, I'm sticking with commending Christ. I'd rather that one person would come to faith in Jesus through the witness of Christians like me than see fifty million people vote for the candidate of my choice. The reason for that is simple: The candidate of my choice may be a bust, but Jesus will never let anyone down, now or in eternity. Only Jesus can give us life with God that never ends.
Just my two cents' worth.
Actor Mark Hamill, who voiced the Joker on one of the animated Batman TV series, gives voice to another figure with people he identifies as his enemies, the Trumpster. No matter your politics, this is funny. |
0.997549 | the line properties, click on the line to select it (a black bar appears inside the line), then click on the H. Line icon. This opens the Horizontal Line Properties box.
menus. One is the Composition toolbar, which controls actions for the Web page, such as creating, opening, or saving, uploading files to a remote server (publish), viewing the page in the browser, editing the page, creating links and targets, inserting images and tables, and checking spelling. The other is the Formatting toolbar, which you use to execute text commands, such as paragraph formatting; setting font type, style and size; setting color; and aligning the text. You can hide or display each toolbar by clicking on the tab on the extreme left.
Use the Composer's Find feature to locate text on the Web page your working on. You can click the Find icon from the composition toolbar, or choose Edit|Find In Page, which opens the Find dialog box. Enter the characters you want to search for, set the direction of the search (up or down), then click on Find Next. You can also specify a case-sensitive search.
If you have a text link on a Web page that you'd like to include in a document you're creating in Composer, you can drag it from the browser into Composer. Watch out--this can get a little tricky; you must click and hold the mouse button on the link. If you let go, Netscape follows the link. Now just drag it from Navigator into Composer. The cursor shows an icon that looks like a chain link with a plus sign (+) if the drag is going as it should. When you let go of the mouse button, the link and associated text are out in Composer.
You can use the drag-and-drop method to create links in any HTML file. Just drag the file from your desktop or Windows Explorer right onto the page you're creating in Composer. If you drag a file from a folder other than the one containing the current page, Composer automatically copies it into the same directory as the current HTML file. This means your links work correctly when you send the file to a Web server.
What would a Web page be without images, right? The easiest and quickest way to get the right image onto your Web page is through Composer. Just copy the image you want to your clipboard, open the page in Composer, place the cursor on the spot where you want the image, then choose Edit|Paste from the menu. The image is immediately inserted onto the page.
Why spend all your time online? Composer allows you to save entire Web pages, including text, graphics, and everything, on your computer to be viewed whenever you want. To do this, go to the site in Navigator, then choose File|Edit Page from the main menu. Composer opens with the page in the window. Choose File|Save As from the Composer menu, then select where you want to save the page and click on Save. The entire page copies to your computer. When you want to view the page later, open Composer and choose File|Open Page, which opens the Open Page dialog box. Click on Choose File and select the saved file. Double-click on Open, and the page opens in the Composer window.
Once you've inserted an image in the Web page you're working on in Composer, you can set some properties. To do this, click on the image once to select it, and then press the right-mouse button and select Image Properties from the floating menu. Here you can set the size, alignment, and more. If you want to edit the image, click on Edit Image. However, you must have the image saved to your computer's hard drive before you can do this. You can't edit an image that's stored on a remote server (although you can resize it, or move it around the page, etc.).
Netscape Communicator's Composer component is one of the best and easiest ways for you to create, edit, and publish online documents. Forget messing with HTML code--Composer is a full WYSIWYG environment, that uses features like drag and drop to allow you to create those pages in no time. To get started, all you have to do is select Communicator|Page Composer from the Netscape menu or click the Composer icon from the Component bar. The Composer window opens with a blank page. The Composer window is separate from the browser window, which remains open behind.
So, you don't want to use a template to create that page, but you're not too comfortable with a blank page either. No problem; Composer includes a Page Wizard to help you along. To use it, select File|New from the Composer menu, then click on Page From Wizard from the floating menu box. A new Navigator window (half-size) opens with the Page Wizard. This is a page on the Netscape site that takes you through page creation step by step.
Creating Web pages is easy enough in Composer, but in order to get you going even more quickly, Composer allows you to use template pages as the basis of your new page. From the Composer window, choose File|New, then click on Page From Template from the floating menu box that appears. This brings up a dialog box that allows you to select the template file to be used. You can select either a local or remote file, or choose a template file from the Netscape Template File site. Once you've selected the template, you can make it your own. To do this, choose File|Edit Page, and away you go.
Remember to make judicious use of the right-mouse button in Composer. When you click the right-mouse button once in Composer, a floating menu appears with certain commands, based on where you are or what you're doing.
You look at the slickest site on the Web and say to yourself, "There's no way I could create the same thing." Not necessarily so. Composer makes it very easy for you to see the structure of Web pages and use what you can from them. To do this, open that favorite page in Navigator, then choose File|Edit Page from the main menu. This opens Composer with the page displayed in the window. From here you can see the page's underlying structure, save it to your computer's hard drive, or edit it (though you won't be able to post your changes back to the original site's server unless that server is actually yours).
Yesterday's tip showed you how easy Composer makes it for you to look at the structure of your favorite Web page. This is a great way to get ideas about things you want for your own pages, but tread on careful legal ground. No one can copyright a basic page design, but text, graphics, and even HTML code can and often are copyrighted. Make sure you get written permission before using any of these in your own pages. Even if the site says you can use the images or text, some of these sites may not have proper permission to give you the permission. Bottom line: be very careful. |
0.97886 | The Anti-de Sitter/Conformal field theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence is a conjecture that was first proposed in 1997 by Juan Maldacena in the framework of string theory, which has been developed as a consistent theory to combine gravity and quantum mechanics. The conjecture equates two seemingly very different theories to each other: a 4+1 dimensional weakly coupled gravity theory and a 3+1 dimensional strongly coupled conformal field theory. Soon after string theorists found more and more evidence to support this conjecture, they started to discover that AdS/CFT correspondence has a lot of implications and applications in various areas of physics and connects many unrelated theories together, e.g. quantum gravity, quantum field theory, hydrodynamics, nuclear physics, QCD, quantum information etc. In 2007, physicists (both high energy and condensed matter theorists) started to use AdS/CFT correspondence to solve strongly coupled condensed matter problems. AdS/CFT correspondence is a strong-weak duality, i.e. weakly coupled gravity theory in the classical limit corresponds to strongly coupled quantum field theory at the boundary. This allows us to look at difficult strongly coupled problems using the language of weakly coupled gravity theory. AdS/CFT correspondence also provides a useful tool to study the real time propagators compared to the conventional methods in condensed matter physics. AdS/CMT (applications of AdS/CFT to condensed matter theories) has been a very fruitful research area during the last ten years and has become more closely related to experiments in condensed matter physics.
1 The dual of topologically nontrivial condensed matter systems. In the condensed matter community, there has been a lot of interest in various topological condensed matter systems recently, for example, quantum hall systems and topological insulators which are gapped topological systems, and Weyl semimetals which are gapless topological systems. The concept of topology in condensed matter systems has been developed in the weakly coupled limit and an immediate question that arises is whether nontrivial topological systems still exist at strong coupling. Does there exist a duality between a certain geometry in weakly coupled gravity theory and topologically nontrivial state? If it exists, is there any novel prediction or hint from the gravity side for the dual topological system? As a first step to answer these question we build a holographic model for a topological gapless Weyl semimetal state and study possible implications of the holographic model to the transport behavior of a topological Weyl semimetal system.
2 Hydrodynamics and transport properties. The first remarkable application of AdS/CFT to strongly coupled systems (and also its first confrontation with experiments) was the discovery of KSS (Kovtun, Son, Starinets) bound in hydrodynamics using AdS/CFT correspondence, which conjectures that the ratio of the shear viscosity over the entropy density is always larger than or equal to 1/(4Pi). This has been confirmed in various experiments, e.g. for helium, for the quark gluon plasma in RHIC, etc. This suggests that AdS/CFT can be used to study hydrodynamic properties of strongly coupled systems. A related attempt is to study various transport properties of strongly coupled condensed matter systems using AdS/CFT correspondence. In this direction, we have studied the property of negative magneto-resistivity of chiral systems using both hydrodynamics and AdS/CFT correspondence.
3 Fermionic holographic systems. Due to the sign problems, strongly coupled fermionic systems are difficult to be solved even using Monte-Carlo methods. Holography provides an efficient tool to study strongly coupled strange metal systems of condensed matter physics. We studied the lattice effect in strongly coupled holographic fermionic systems and the quantum phase transition in a strongly coupled Bose-Fermi competition system.
I am also interested in/have worked on some other research topics, including black hole physics, quantum gravity, etc.
Jan Zaanen, Ya-Wen Sun, Yan Liu, Koenraad Schalm, Holographic duality in condensed matter physics, Apr 24, 2015 44 pp. |
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0.999837 | We are not able to fully measure “equal pay for equal work” because we can’t measure all relevant job characteristics. As a simple example, in the same occupation, “physician,” in the same industry, “health care,” women are more likely to be pediatricians and gerontologists and less likely to be surgeons. Surgeons get paid more. Broadly speaking there are all sorts of job characteristics that women select moreso than men, and that imply lower wages (for example, women are more likely to select jobs with better non-wage benefits like health care, women are more likely to avoid dangerous jobs like construction). This all falls under the theory of compensating differentials. As a result, it is still in general not possible to reject the free market argument you’re putting forth. Which, by the way, is Becker’s famous theory from 1957. Of course, based on the data it’s also not possible to reject the theory that the gender wage gap exists because of pure discrimination.
The unadjusted wage gap is simply the raw difference between men and women, and this comes about through a wide range of different factors, with the main ones being the ones mentioned by the other users: career choices, working hours, maternity leave, etc.
However, these factors are all accounted for when we calculate the adjusted wage gap. The adjusted wage gap is essentially everything we can possibly think of that separates the working behaviors of men and women that could explain the difference, and what’s left is (more or less) basic discrimination.
There’s a good paper that discusses the topic here: Addressing the gender pay gap: Government and social partner actions. When we account for all the factors we can think of, we’re still typically left with an adjusted wage gap of around 5-10%. So the “77 cents” figure refers to the unadjusted gap, and the “991 cents” figure refers to the adjusted gap.
Importantly, the paper I link to also discusses the myth that the unadjusted wage gap is indicative of non-discriminatory processes, as this simply isn’t true. For example, even though career choices do affect wage levels, it doesn’t change the fact there are social norms that pressure men and women into making different choices, nor does it change the fact that as the number of women in a field increases, the lower the value (and thus the wage) that is attributed to that field.
What all this means, to answer your title briefly, is the reason the wage gap exists is partly regular differences between men and women (regardless of whether it’s innate or cultural), but also partly because of discrimination.
If we can pay women less, why don’t people hire them? Well, primarily because people don’t realise that they are getting the same value at a lower price. They pay women less precisely because they think they are not as qualified or not as suitable for the job, regardless of their actual characteristics or attributes compared to other potential candidates.
This is why, for example, when faced with the exact same CV that only differs in having a male or female name attached, the “male” applicant will significantly be more successful and be paid more money when successful. The reasoning that employers give in this situation is not “well, they’re a woman so I can pay them less” but rather there is a post-hoc justification, like selecting positive attributes from a CV with a male name and selecting negative attributes from a CV with a female name, and concluding that the male applicant is better suited.
The reason why economic forces aren’t getting rid of wage gaps is because economic forces are driven by humans who are necessarily biased. They aren’t making decisions based on who is the most qualified at the best price, they are making decisions on who they think is the best qualified at what they think is a fair price.
To explain like you’re five, for the sake of argument imagine that iPhones and a similar non-branded android were actually identical in every way (they somehow got around copyright and recreated the design, had the same functioning parts, to the same build quality, same warranty, etc). You’re saying that since economic forces should be pushing for the most efficient option (the cheaper non-branded android), why don’t people just buy that? And the answer is that because people think that iPhones are better because of all the preconceptions and ideas they’ve built around the phone. These preconceptions in the wage gap are prejudices and stereotypes.
The products are equal but the buyer still believes it’s worth spending the extra amount on the iPhone for the perceived quality it brings with it. |
0.991052 | Why would an educator, student, or third party want to transact business in ODEM Tokens instead of fiat?
ODEM Tokens transactions are faster and cheaper because they're stored on the immutable public Ethereum blockchain. Smart contracts will reduce the need for costly intermediaries and start transactions instantaneously. |
0.999999 | Given an integer N, write a program that returns true if the given number is a palindrome, else return false.
A simple method for this problem is to first reverse digits of n, then compare the reverse of n with n. If both are same, then return true, else false.
# number is Palindrome or not.
# Check if rev_n and n are same or not. |
0.999998 | Analyze the strategy of Google going forward into 2016 and beyond.
1) Offer a brief review of the book In The Plex.
2) Analyze the strategy of Google going forward into 2016 and beyond. |
0.948781 | Catherine the Great (May 2, 1729—Nov. 17, 1796) was empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796, the longest reign of any female Russian leader. She expanded Russia's borders to the Black Sea and into central Europe during her reign. She also promoted westernization and modernization for her country, though it was within the context of maintaining her autocratic control over Russia and increasing the power of the landed gentry over the serfs.
Notable Quote: "I beg you take courage; the brave soul can mend even disaster."
Catherine the Great was born Sophia Frederike Auguste in Stettin, Germany (now Szczecin, Poland), on May 2, 1729 (April 21 in the Old Style calendar). She was known as Frederike or Fredericka. Her father was Prussian Prince Christian August von Anhalt-Zerbst, and her mother was Princess Johanna Elisabeth of Holstein-Gottorp.
As was common for royal and noble women, she was educated at home by tutors. She learned French and German and also studied history, music, and the religion of her homeland, Lutheranism.
She met her future husband, the Grand Duke Peter (later known as Peter III), on a trip to Russia at the invitation of Empress Elizabeth, Peter's aunt, who ruled Russia after taking power in a coup. Elizabeth, unmarried and childless, had named Peter as her heir to the Russian throne.
Peter, though the Romanov heir, was a German prince. His mother was Anna, daughter of Peter the Great of Russia, and his father was the Duke of Hostein-Gottorp. Peter the Great had 14 children by his two wives, only three of whom survived to adulthood. His son Alexei died in prison, convicted of plotting to overthrow his father. His elder daughter, Anna, was the mother of the Grand Duke Peter, whom Catherine married. Anna had died in 1728 following the birth of her only son, a few years after her father died and while her mother, Catherine I of Russia, ruled.
Catherine the Great (or Catherine II) converted to Orthodoxy, changed her name, and married the Grand Duke Peter in 1745. Though Catherine had the support of Peter's mother, the Empress Elizabeth, she disliked her husband—Catherine later wrote she had been more interested in the crown than the person—and first Peter and then Catherine were unfaithful.
Her first son, Paul, later emperor (or czar) of Russia as Paul I, was born nine years into the marriage, and some question whether his father was Catherine's husband. Her second child, daughter Anna, was likely fathered by Stanislaw Poniatowski. Her youngest, Alexei, was most likely the son of Grigory Orlov. All three were officially recorded, however, as Peter's children.
When Czarina Elizabeth died at the end of 1761, Peter became ruler as Peter III, and Catherine became the empress consort. She considered fleeing, as many thought that Peter would divorce her, but Peter's actions as emperor soon led to a coup against him. Military, church, and government leaders removed Peter from the throne, planning to install Paul, then 7 years old, as his replacement. Catherine, however, with the help of her lover, Orlov, won over the military in St. Petersburg and gained the throne for herself in 1762, later naming Paul as her heir. Soon after, she may have been behind Peter's death.
Her early years as empress were devoted to gaining the support of the military and nobility to strengthen her claim as empress. She had her ministers carry out domestic and foreign policies designed to establish stability and peace; instituted reforms inspired by the Enlightenment, a philosophical, intellectual, and cultural movement of the 17th and 18th centuries; and updated Russia's legal system to provide equality of people under the law.
Stanislas, the king of Poland, was Catherine's former lover, and in 1768, Catherine sent troops to Poland to help him suppress a revolt. The rebels brought in Turkey as an ally, and the Turks declared war on Russia. When Russia beat the Turkish troops, the Austrians threatened Russia with war, and in 1772, Russia and Austria partitioned Poland. By 1774, Russia and Turkey had signed a peace treaty, with Russia winning the right to use the Black Sea for shipping.
While Russia was still technically at war with the Turks, Yemelyan Pugachev, a Cossack, led a revolt at home. He claimed that Peter III was still alive and that oppression of serfs and others would be ended by deposing Catherine and reinstituting Peter III's rule. It took several battles to defeat the rebellion, and after this uprising that included many of the lower classes, Catherine backed off many of her reforms to benefit that stratum of society.
Catherine then began reorganizing government in the provinces, strengthening the role of the nobility and making operations more efficient. She also tried to reform municipal government and expand education.
She wanted Russia to be seen as a model of civilization, so she paid considerable attention to the arts and sciences to establish the capital, St. Petersburg, as a major center for culture.
Catherine sought the support of Austria in moving against Turkey, planning to seize Turkey's European lands. In 1787 Turkey's ruler declared war on Russia. The Russo-Turkish War took four years, but Russia gained a large amount of land from Turkey and annexed the Crimea. By that time, Austria and other European powers had withdrawn from their alliances with Russia, so Catherine wasn't able to realize her plan to take over lands as far as Constantinople.
Polish nationalists again rebelled against Russian influence, and in 1793 Russia and Prussia annexed more Polish territory. In 1794 Russia, Prussia, and Austria annexed the rest of Poland.
Catherine became concerned that her son, Paul, was not emotionally fit to rule. She planned to remove him from the succession and name Paul's son Alexander as heir. But before she could make the change, she died of a stroke on Nov. 17, 1796, and her son Paul ascended to the throne.
Russians continue to admire Catherine for increasing the boundaries of the country and streamlining its governance. At the end of her reign, Russia had broadened to the west and south over more than 200,000 square miles; provinces had been reorganized and towns renovated, expanded, or built from scratch; trade had expanded; military battles had been won; and the royal court had transformed into an attraction for the greatest minds of Europe.
Catherine was a patron of literature who promoted Russian culture and one of the few women, including British Queens Elizabeth I and Victoria, to have been influential enough to have epochs named after them.
As Encyclopaedia Britannica put it, "She was a woman of elemental energy and intellectual curiosity, desiring to create as well as to control."
"Catherine the Great: Empress of Russia." https://www.britannica.com/biography/Catherine-the-Great.
"Catherine the Great: Biography, Accomplishments & Death." https://www.livescience.com/42006-catherine-the-great.html.
"8 Things You Didn't Know About Catherine the Great." https://www.history.com/news/8-things-you-didnt-know-about-catherine-the-great. |
0.925543 | The original lead singer of the group was John "Jay" Traynor, who had been with the Mystics in the late 50's. He got together with a group called the Harbor Lites in New York City late in 1959 from among a group of students at New York University. Among the group members were Sandy Deane (a.k.a. Sandy Yaguda), Sidell Sherman and Kenny Rosenberg (a.k.a Kenny Vance).
They were discovered while performing in student venues at New York University in the late 1950s. They auditioned for Leiber and Stoller who gave the group its name. In the manner of the time, Leiber and Stoller wanted to extend this to "Binky Jones and the Americans", but Traynor declined to be known as Binky Jones his whole career. He instead offered up "Jay", a family nickname, and it suited everyone.
They first hit the Billboard Charts in 1962 with the tune "She Cried"; its highest charting was #5. The next two singles didn't fare nearly as well, and John Traynor left the group. David Black (né David Blatt) of The Empires took his place (after first agreeing to adopt the name Jay Black. Empires' guitarist Marty Sanders also joined. Black sang lead for the rest of the group's existence.
They returned to the charts in 1963 with "Only In America", a song originally meant for The Drifters. The biggest hits for the Americans were "Come a Little Bit Closer" in 1964, which hit #3, and "Cara Mia" in 1965 which hit #4. The Americans also recorded a commercial for H.I.S. Slacks, and a public service announcement for the Ad Council, featuring a backing track by Brian Wilson and Phil Spector. In 1968 they recorded an album of their favorite oldies remade fresh, called Sands of Time, and the single from the album was "This Magic Moment", which also came through the Drifters. This was the last Top Ten record for the Americans, although a follow-up album, Wax Museum, did yield the #19 hit "Walkin' In The Rain", first recorded by The Ronettes.
Other notable hits included "Sunday and Me," written by Neil Diamond which reached #18 on the Billboard Charts, "Let's Lock the Door (And Throw Away the Key) #11 on the Billboard Charts, and "Some Enchanted Evening," reaching #13 on Billboard.
While the other members moved on to solo musical careers, Jay Black continued to perform as Jay and the Americans until the1980 , with a variety of musicians, including Walter Becker and Donald Feagan, who would later found Steely Dan. The group reunited in the 1990s for special performances, most notably the 45 Years of Motown special on PBS. As of 2006, Black and his current band continue to tour as "Jay Black and the Americans." |
0.999714 | What Is Difference Between an ATM Card and a Debit Card?
ATM cards and debit cards are used to access money in one's checking account. They have quite a few similarities, but they also have a few key differences in terms of how they are used by cardholders.
The cards are generally issued directly by the bank where you hold your checking account and are not issued by credit card companies. It is also important to note that neither of these types of bank cards are credit cards.
Both ATM and debit cards serve the purpose of linking your checking account to a plastic card that can be used to access and use your money 24 hours a day. Both cards can be used to withdraw money from an ATM machine and both cards generally have PIN numbers that can be used to complete a secure transaction.
An ATM card can generally only access cash through an ATM machine and can not often be used for purchases. A debit card, on the other hand, can be used much like a credit card to buy products without cash or a check. When a debit card is swiped as a credit card, the PIN number is optional. Whatever the case, unlike a credit card, money spent through a debit card transaction is deducted directly from your checking account.
You can tell the difference between a debit and ATM card by looking on the front of the card. Cards that serve as Debit cards will have a branded logo of a transaction processing company, such as Visa or MasterCard, on the front of the card. This signifies that the card can be swiped like a credit card and the transaction will be processed over that network. It can be used wherever the matching logo is displayed.
An ATM card lacks these logos and lacks the capability to connect to these processing networks. However, in some cases, select merchants may have a Point of Service system that allows customers to purchase items with an ATM card. Debit card processing is more common.
An ATM card is a no-frills way of withdrawing money from one's checking account. The card comes with a customer-created PIN number that is entered whenever the card is used to withdraw cash. The cash withdrawal is immediately deducted from the checking account and the transaction is immediately posted to the account.
A debit card can also withdraw money from an ATM machine with a PIN number. The debit card can also be used to make purchases wherever the processing company's logo is displayed (such as Visa). The card can be swiped as 'debit' meaning that a PIN number must be entered, or the card can be swiped as 'credit' which requires no PIN. The benefit of using the 'credit' option is that some banks offer rewards programs for credit-swiped purchases.
An ATM card's biggest downside is that it usually functions only as a cash withdrawal mechanism and can not be used for much else.
A debit card has a few downsides. First off, a debit card used to make purchases may not process the transactions for a few days. This means a purchase made today might not show up on one's statement or even show the money deducted from the account balance for a few days. This can throw some people off and cause them to overdraw on their account or bounce other payments.
Also a debit card can be 'swiped' like a credit card, which does not require a PIN number. This means that theft of the card can mean the thief can use the card with no PIN number. Additionally this means that the stolen card, when used, is drawing directly from the owner's checking account, whereas with a credit card the person's own money is not accessed and the transaction only shows up on a monthly bill to be paid later.
Liability is also an issue with debit cards. More and more banks are reducing liability for unauthorized purchases on a debit card, but with a credit card the user is generally not liable for any unauthorized purchases over $50. Even if the liability is zero for a debit card user, if the transaction clears, the money is already taken from the your checking account and you must work with the bank to get the money replaced.
Even if an ATM card is used for purchases, or if a debit card is swiped as "credit," there may be a misconception that the "credit" status of the transaction means that payment is not due at the time of purchase. However no matter how the card is swiped, the money is taken out of the user's checking account within a few days of the transaction--there is no grace period or billing for a debit card run through as a credit card. |
0.999812 | Paul and Janet from the North Devon Manufacturers Association will be running a Spaghetti Challenge build in class.
A third of a packet of dried spaghetti, 12 marshmallows and eggs.
Each class has 6 teams.
Test 1 - place an egg on top of the structure the aim is to last 30 seconds.
Test 2 - For surviving structures - how many eggs can you place on your tower and how long will the tower last.
Each team will be entered into the Tallest Spaghetti Tower competition.
Winning school for the tallest tower which will hold 1 egg = £75.
Winning school for the strongest tower which holds the most eggs = £25. |
0.956009 | (CNN) - President Donald Trump raised the prospect Tuesday of cutting off aid to the Palestinian territories unless Palestinian leaders agree to resume negotiations to broker a peace deal with Israel.
He also appeared to contradict his previous statement that the US recognizing Jerusalem as Israel's capital would not impact the final status of Jerusalem in peace negotiations, claiming instead that "we have taken Jerusalem, the toughest part of the negotiation, off the table."
"We pay the Palestinians HUNDRED OF MILLIONS OF DOLLARS a year and get no appreciation or respect. They don't even want to negotiate a long overdue peace treaty with Israel," Trump tweeted. "We have taken Jerusalem, the toughest part of the negotiation, off the table, but Israel, for that, would have had to pay more. But with the Palestinians no longer willing to talk peace, why should we make any of these massive future payments to them?"
A White House spokesman declined to comment about the apparent contradiction.
Trump's tweets late Tuesday afternoon came nearly a month after he became the first sitting US President to recognize Jerusalem as Israel's capital, drawing Palestinians into the streets in protest and causing Palestinian leaders to reject the US's decades-old role as the central negotiator in Israeli-Palestinian peace talks. Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas claimed that Trump's recognition of Jerusalem, which both Israelis and Palestinians claim as their capital, discredited the US as an honest broker in the peace process.
And while Trump administration officials told CNN last month that the Jerusalem decision did not mean tougher concessions for Israelis down the line, Trump wrote in his tweet that "Israel, for that, would have had to pay more."
While Trump administration officials have said they expected a "cooling off period" with the Palestinians, Trump's tweets Tuesday signaled the President has grown frustrated with Palestinians' refusal to partake in a US-led peace process in the wake of his Jerusalem decision. The tweets also came after the White House confirmed that the US plans to withhold some of its aid to Pakistan to pressure the country into better counterterrorism cooperation with the US.
The US spent $616 million on aid to the Palestinian territories in 2016, according to the US Agency for International Development, which includes humanitarian assistance, private sector debt payments and infrastructure development assistance.
The President's tweets late Tuesday afternoon, though, did more than threaten US aid to Palestinians -- they also appeared to contradict his own statements about the impact of his recognition of Jerusalem as Israel's capital and may have undermined his administration's efforts to hammer home that message in the Middle East.
"We are not taking a position on any of the final status issues including the final boundaries of the Israeli sovereignty in Jerusalem," Trump said last month as he made his Jerusalem announcement. "Those questions are up to the parties involved. The United States remains deeply committed to helping facilitate a peace agreement that is acceptable to both sides."
Trump's statement at the announcement was intended to reassure Palestinians and the broader Arab and Muslim world that the US was not giving away control of Jerusalem to Israel or forsaking Palestinian claims to the holy city.
And in the weeks after, Trump administration officials would urge those inflamed by Trump's decision to pay attention to his message about "not taking a position" on the future status of Jerusalem. |
0.958169 | Determine whether SCCM is a viable technology for the organization based on the needs assessment and future plans of growth.
I reviewed the extensive documentation provided by Microsoft and thought I may have overheated my brain on this one. Given the client needs and plans for growth it is my opinion that SCCM would be an excellent solution at this time. My final written assessment was presented to the IT manager for further consideration.
Fortunately Microsoft provided a trial package which allowed me to review the documentation and follow along with the actual platform. I initiated a Test Lab and followed the process all the way to client deployment. Once everything was deployed within the Lab I found that deployments, hardware management, software management was much more organized.
My final assessment included the write-up and screen shots. The IT manager was quite impressed and presented the Executive Team with the report and his recommendations. SCCM is currently in use at the client location. |
0.99905 | In short: About a week ago, the third generation of Google Chromecast had been sold to someone at Best Buy, giving us the first idea that Google would be announcing a refreshed Chromecast at its hardware event tomorrow. Now it also appears to be on sale at Walmart, but this time it appears to confirm a new feature for Chromecast. The buyer of the new Chromecast had put up pictures of the device on Reddit, which also shows the FCC ID. According to that FCC ID, it was approved as a multimedia device back in July, and also has Bluetooth support. This means that you should be able to stream audio over Bluetooth to your TV using the new Chromecast.
Background: The Chromecast was originally announced back in 2013, and it was actually one of the few Google hardware announcements that was an actual surprise. It was a small dongle that you could plug into your TV and stream media from your smartphone, tablet or even your laptop. It was priced at $35, which was an absolute steal. A couple of years later, Google came out with the second generation Chromecast and also debuted Chromecast Ultra which supported 4K content at $69. Now Google is coming out with the third-generation and it appears to be mostly unchanged. But there will be Bluetooth support, and there are some design changes as well. With it coming with a matte black finish and the "G" Google logo on it. It is also no longer magnetic, so it won't stick to the back of your TV and out of the way.
Impact: Google has confirmed that at least some of the devices announced at tomorrow's hardware event will be available for pre-order the same day. But where the new Chromecast is already available and in stock at some Best Buy and Walmart locations, it may not have a pre-order time-frame, and it might just launch tomorrow as being available in store. Which is how it has done the previous two Chromecast launches, actually. |
0.999997 | Oxygen is one of the best known chemical elements on Earth. On the periodic table it is represented by the chemical symbol O and by the atomic number 8. Oxygen is an important part of the air that we breathe and the water we drink, which are both essential to human life. It is one of the most abundant elements on Earth and is the third most abundant element in the universe. Approximately 99.76% of the oxygen found on Earth is made up of one isotope, but many other isotopes have also been discovered.
How many isotopes does oxygen have?
Oxygen has 3 stable isotopes, 16O, 17O and 18O, which make up all of the naturally occurring oxygen. 16O is the most common oxygen isotope on Earth at approximately 99.76%. There are also 17 radioactive (unstable) isotopes of oxygen that have been discovered. They all have very short half lives, with the most stable being 15O with a half life of about 122 seconds and 14O with a half life of about 70 seconds. The remaining have half lives less than 30 seconds and the most unstable isotope is 12O.
15O can be used in a type of medical imaging known as positron emission tomography (PET). This imaging is used to provide a 3D image of the processes that occur within the human body. Because of the relatively short half life of 15O it must be produced immediately before a PET scan is undertaken. |
0.970842 | on what they do exceedingly well!
FOREFRONT's exclusive consulting approach can be summed up by one phrase: Reinventing the F Grade.
Reinventing the F Grade is the hallmark of FOREFRONT consulting's approach to servicing its clients.
Regardless of the challenges, FOREFRONT stands ready to help your organization embrace the Future of Work.
FOREFRONT engages with each client with a clear focus on understanding their needs and delivering services and products that exceed expectation. We embrace the letter F with a mindset and approach that it encompasses terminology based some of the most innovative outcome-based words applicable to business and industry.
We believe the term F Grade to be the embodiment of organizations focusing on what they do exceedingly well and new expansions into relative areas of business and industry that strengthens their bottom line.
To this end, our consultants employ practices that work to advance discover, create and execute the work we perform for our clients that result in their organizations discovering better ways forward.
What the "Reinventing the F Grade" means and what the "F Grade" provides to our clients?
Focused knowledge aimed at clear and proven strategies that yield cutting-edge results.
Forward thinking approaches that redefine current methods and the future of work.
Fairness demonstrated through the utilization of unbiased approaches that ensure accountability, integrity and critical industry insight.
Flexibility towards the challenges of an ever-changing business environment and creating solutions for clients to reach their goals.
REIMAGINE current business models that change the ways they interact with their end users, employees and partners. We help our clients revisit their current organization structure and focus on existing capabilities and potential strengths in order to their gain competitive advantage. FOREFRONT's expertise helps to focus efforts on establishing new goals and develop enhanced service capabilities to better leverage future services to stimulate growth.
RETHINK current business and industry developments that are being consistently transformed by technological advancements. We can help clients use these technologies to find new ways to increase access to information, operational effectiveness, cost efficiency and accountability time to market. At FOREFRONT, it's all about delivering leading-edge innovative solutions that help clients rethink their current position in their industry to improve their productivity, drive sustainability and new growth.
REINVENT approaches to business by assessing current work practice. We provide expertise to help organizations assess their current position and adopt new tools and methods to increase knowledge and improve performance and drive productivity and innovation. To this end, we help our clients by developing diversified service strategies and incorporating current technology through the use of new capabilities enabled by social, mobile, analytics and cloud technologies (SMAC). FOREFRONT can help reinvent and re-engineer organizations with transformative ideas and strategies that transform their businesses and open up new horizons of opportunity.
Forefront focuses on helping advance organizations through F Grade methods. |
0.995764 | Act I, Scene 1: "The end of June 1945"
Act I, Scene 1: "First of all, let me say"
Act I, Scene 1: "We surround the plutonium core"
Act I, Scene 1: "We are bedeviled by faulty detonators"
Act I, Scene 1: "Many of us are inclined to say"
Act I, Scene 1: "The nation's fate..."
Act I, Scene 1: "This is a petition"
Act I, Scene 1: "What if it's a dud?"
Act I, Scene 1: "The test must go on as scheduled"
Act I, Scene 1: "No, before the bomb is used"
Act I, Scene 2: "Am I in your light?"
Act I, Scene 2: "Long let me inhale, deeply..."
Act I, Scene 2: "The motive of it all was loneliness"
Act I, Scene 3: "What the hell is wrong with the weather?"
Act I, Scene 3: "Five hundred U.S. Superfortresses are raining bombs"
Act I, Scene 3: "I'll sign the report, sir"
Act I, Scene 3: "With respect, sir, anyone with two good eyes"
Act I, Scene 3: "I have been preoccupied with many matters"
Act I, Scene 3: "Get them out of here. From now on, I'm making my own weather predictions"
Act I, Scene 3: "General, you are bearing up with remarkable fortitude"
Act I, Scene 3: "Batter my heart"
Act II, Scene 1: "Easter Eve, 1945"
Act II, Scene 1: "In the north the cloud-flower blossoms"
Act II, Scene 2: "It's midnight, Jack"
Act II, Scene 2: "I've dreamed the same dream"
Act II, Scene 2: "To the farthest west, the sea and the striped country"
Act II, Scene 2: "A delay in the Potsdam Ultimatum"
Act II, Scene 2: "Fermi is taking wagers"
Act II, Scene 2: "I've spent a great deal of time indulging in controlled fantasies"
Act II, Scene 2: "Edward, the test will be delayed an hour"
Act II, Scene 3: "This program has been plagued from the start"
Act II, Scene 3: "To keep the weakness secret"
Act II, Scene 3: "I just finished reading The Magic Mountain"
Act II, Scene 3: "The winter dawned, but the dead did not come back"
Act II, Scene 3: "And love, which contains all human spirit"
Act II, Scene 3: "The only saviors are the ham sandwiches"
Act II, Scene 3: Chorus - "At the sight of this"
Act II, Scene 4: "Lieutenant Bush, keep a weather eye on Oppenheimer"
Act II, Scene 4: "To what benevolent demon do I owe the joy of being thus surrounded"
Act II, Scene 4: "That's their signal!"
Act II, Scene 4: "The sky is clear to the east"
Act II, Scene 4: "In the midnight, in the flame-brilliant midnight"
Act II, Scene 4: "Zero minus two minutes"
Congratulations to John Adams, the winner of the 2019 Erasmus Prize from the Praemium Erasmianum Foundation. The prize is awarded annually to a person or institution that has made an exceptional contribution to the field of humanities, social sciences, or the arts. It will be presented in November 2019 by King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands and includes €150,000 in prize money. Adams "receives the prize because he has created a new musical idiom by fusing elements from jazz, pop, and classical music," says the Foundation.
Carnegie Hall has announced its 2019–20 concert season, and featured among the performers taking the esteemed hall's stages are Brad Mehldau, Kronos Quartet, Jeremy Denk, Timo Andres, and Ry Cooder, as well as the New York premiere of a new work by John Adams.
Nonesuch released the first recording of John Adams's 2005 opera, Doctor Atomic, on June 29, 2018. Longtime Adams collaborator Peter Sellars created the libretto for Doctor Atomic, drawing from original sources. The composer leads the BBC Singers and the BBC Symphony Orchestra in this recording, which features a cast led by Gerald Finley, who originated the role of Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer. The two-CD boxed set includes a 64-page bound booklet with archival photos, libretto, and an essay by Mark Swed.
In addition to the San Francisco premiere, Finley has sung Oppenheimer in productions in New York, Amsterdam, Chicago, and London. He is joined on the album by Julia Bullock (Kitty Oppenheimer), Brindley Sherratt (Edward Teller), Samuel Sakker (Captain James Nolan), Andrew Staples (Robert Wilson), Jennifer Johnston (Pasqualita), and Aubrey Allicock (General Leslie Groves). This recording was made possible in part through generous support from New Music USA.
"His most visionary and ambitious stage work to date," said the Guardian. "Adams's conducting, second to none in his own music, had tremendous conviction and unique authority, with every facet of the score's terrible beauty laid bare … thrilling playing and choral singing … Gerald Finley conveyed Oppenheimer's moral agony with singing of great refinement and subtlety."
"A magnificent accomplishment that easily takes its place alongside the other Adams-Sellars triumphs," exclaimed the Los Angeles Times. "It contains music of unearthly splendor … gorgeous lushness and … rich expressivity."
Doctor Atomic concerns the final hours leading up to the first atomic bomb explosion at the Alamagordo test site in New Mexico in July 1945. The focal characters are the physicist and Manhattan Project director, Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer; his wife Kitty; Edward Teller; and General Leslie Groves, US Army commander of the project.
Sellars's libretto draws on original source material, including personal memoirs, recorded interviews, technical manuals of nuclear physics, declassified government documents, and the poetry of Muriel Rukeyser, an American poet and contemporary of Oppenheimer.
John Adams's works, spanning more than four decades, have entered the repertoire and are among the most performed of all contemporary classical music, among them Harmonielehre, Shaker Loops, Chamber Symphony, Doctor Atomic Symphony, Short Ride in a Fast Machine, and his Violin Concerto. His stage works, all in collaboration with director Peter Sellars, include Nixon in China (1987), The Death of Klinghoffer (1991), El Niño (2000), Doctor Atomic (2005), A Flowering Tree (2006), and the Passion oratorio The Gospel According to the Other Mary (2012). In November 2017, Adams's new opera Girls of the Golden West, set during the 1850s California Gold Rush, received its world premiere at San Francisco Opera. The opera's libretto, assembled by Sellars, includes original Gold Rush song lyrics, letters, journal entries, and personal memoirs from the era. Doctor Atomic is Nonesuch's thirty-first recording of the works of John Adams, beginning with Harmonielehre in 1986; the label has released forty-seven first recordings of Adams pieces.
Design: John Heiden for Smog Design, Inc.
Music from "Nixon in China"
On this first recording of John Adams's opera Doctor Atomic, the composer leads the BBC Singers and the BBC Symphony Orchestra, with a cast led by Gerald Finley, who originated the role of J. Robert Oppenheimer. Peter Sellars created the libretto, drawing from original sources to explore the final hours leading up to the first atomic bomb explosion at the Alamagordo test site in New Mexico in July 1945. "A magnificent accomplishment that easily takes its place alongside the other Adams-Sellars triumphs," exclaims the Los Angeles Times. "It contains music of unearthly splendor." The two-CD boxed set includes a 64-page bound booklet with archival photos, libretto, and an essay by Mark Swed. Grammy Award Nominee: Best Opera Recording. |
0.980272 | Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) is a bipartite, whitefly-transmitted, begomovirus which was first described on tomatoes in India in 1995 (initially as ToLCV-India). This virus was initially reported on solanaceous crops, but subsequently many reports of damage to cucurbit crops were also made. Following its discovery in India, other Asian countries reported the occurrence of ToLCNDV on a rather wide range of crops. In September 2012, symptoms caused by ToLCNDV were first observed on courgette (Cucurbita pepo var. giromontiina) in Murcia, Spain. In May 2013, similar symptoms were noticed in Almería province, and by autumn 2013, the disease was widespread in both Spanish regions. In January 2015, the virus was detected for the first time in Tunisia, causing a severe disease on melon, cucumber and courgette cultivated under plastic tunnels in the Kébili region (Southeastern Tunisia). Subsequently, it was also found in Morocco on courgette near Agadir and Taroudant in 2017, and in Greece in 2018. As ToLCNDV is an emerging virus in the Euro-Mediterranean region, the EPPO Secretariat decided to add it to the EPPO Alert List.
Information is generally lacking on the geographical distribution, which might be wider than what is listed below.
EPPO region: Greece (first found in October 2018), Italy (Sicilia, first found in autumn 2015; Sardegna and Campania in 2016), Morocco (first found in 2017), Spain (first found in autumn 2012), Tunisia (first found in January 2015).
Asia: Bangladesh, India (Andhra Pradesh, Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Maharashtra, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal), Indonesia (Java), Iran, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand.
ToLCNDV was initially found on Solanum lycopersicum (tomato), and then on other Solanaceae such as Solanum melongena (aubergine), chili pepper (Capsicum spp.) and Solanum tuberosum (potato). ToLCNDV was also found to infect many Cucurbitaceae, such as: Benincasa hispida (wax gourd), Citrullus lanatus (watermelon), Cucumis melo (melon), Cucumis melo var. flexuosus (snake melon), Cucumis sativus (cucumber), Cucurbita moschata (musky gourd), Cucurbita pepo (pumpkin), Cucurbita pepo var. giromontiina (courgette), Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd), Luffa cylindrica (sponge gourd), Momordica charantia (bitter gourd). In Spain, the virus was detected in melon (Cucurbita melo, C. melo var. flexuosus), pumpkin (C. pepo) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) crops, but apparently not in tomato. In Tunisia, ToLCNDV was also found only in cucurbit crops. In the literature, there are a few records on weeds (e.g. Eclipta prostrata – Asteraceae) and other crops such as Hibiscus cannabinus (kenaf – Malvaceae) and Carica papaya (papaya - Caricaceae).
Diseases caused by ToLCNDV on its different host plants generally include yellow mosaic, leaf curling, vein swelling, and plant stunting. On cucurbit fruits, skin roughness and longitudinal cracking have been observed. On fruiting crops, when the virus infection occurs at an early stage, affected plants are severely stunted and fruit production is significantly affected, if not supressed. In the Indian sub-continent, ToLCNDV is reported to cause severe symptoms and economic losses, in particular in solanaceous crops (e.g. tomato, aubergine, chili pepper). Surveys conducted in India from 2003 to 2010, confirmed its occurrence in several cucurbit crops associated with damage.
ToLCNDV is transmitted by Bemisia tabaci in a persistent mode. It is not known if the virus can be transmitted by contact or by seeds.
Plants for planting of susceptible hosts, viruliferous B. tabaci.
ToLCNDV has a wide host range which includes economically important crops for the EPPO region, such as tomato, aubergine, capsicum, potato and cucurbits. ToLCNDV shows genetic variability and several strains have been described, which might explain the differences in host plants affected between regions. In addition, molecular studies have shown that the presence or absence of beta-satellites might affect its pathogenicity. Control measures against ToLCNDV are very limited and mainly rely on whitefly control, cultivation under insect-proof greenhouses, elimination of infected plants, and avoidance of the most susceptible cultivars. It should be noted that for the moment, no resistance or tolerance to ToLCNDV has been identified in commercial cultivars. The introduction of this virus into Spain has raised serious concerns among cucurbit growers, and compulsory control measures were issued by the region of Murcia. Although more studies are needed to better understand the biology and epidemiology of this virus, it seems desirable to avoid its further spread.
Anonymous (2016) Incidencia de plagas y enfermedades en las Comunidades Autónomas en 2015. Phytoma-España no. 278, 16-52.
Anonymous (2016) Incidencia de plagas y enfermedades en las Comunidades Autónomas en 2015. Phytoma-España no. 278, 16-52.Phytoma-España no. 279, 16-40.
Font Sant Ambrosio MA, Alfaro Fernándes AO (2014) Sintomatología del virus del rizado de tomate de Nueva Delhi (Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus, ToLCNDV) en los cultivos españoles. Phytoma-España no. 257, 36-40.
Rodiotakis E, Pappi P (2018) Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus, ToLCNDV https://geotee.gr/lnkFiles/20181120133356_4.pdf (in Greek).
Ito T, Sharma P, Kittipakorn K, Ikegami M (2008) Complete nucleotide sequence of a new isolate of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus infecting cucumber, bottle gourd and muskmelon in Thailand. Archives of Virology 153(3), 611-613.
Juárez M, Tovar R, Fiallo-Olivé E, Aranda MA, Gosálvez B, Castillo P, Moriones E, Navas-Castillo J (2014) First detection of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus infecting zucchini in Spain. Plant Disease 98(6), p 857.
Jyothsna P, Haq QMI, Singh P, Sumiya KV, Praveen S, Rawat R, Briddon RW, Malathi VG (2013) Infection of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV), a bipartite begomovirus with betasatellites, results in enhanced level of helper virus components and antagonistic interaction between DNA B and betasatellites. Applied Genetics and Molecular Biotechnology 97, 5457-5471.
Luigi M, Manglli A, Valdes M, Sitzia M, Davino S, Tomassoli L (2016) Occurrence of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus infecting zucchini in Sardinia (Italy). Journal of Plant Pathology 98(3), p 695.
Mizutani T, Daryono BS, Ikegami M, Natsuaki KT (2001) First report of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus infecting cucumber in Central Java, Indonesia. Plant Disease 95(11), p 1485.
Padidam MRN, Beachy, Fauquet CM (1995) Tomato leaf curl geminivirus from India has a bipartite genome and coat protein is not essential for infectivity. Journal of General Virology 76, 25-35.
Parrella G, Troiano E, Formisano G, Accotto GP, Giorgini M (2018) First report of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus associated with severe mosaic of pumpkin in Italy. Plant Disease 102(2), 459-460.
Phaneendra C, Rao KRSS, Jain RK, Mandal B (2012) Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus is associated with pumpkin leaf curl: a new disease in Northern India. Indian Journal of Virology 23(1), 42-45.
Roy A, Spoorthi P, Panwar G, Kumar Bag M, Prasad TV, Kumar G, Gangopadhyay KK, Dutta M (2013) Molecular evidence for occurrence of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus in ash gourd (Benincasa hispida) germplasm showing a severe yellow stunt disease in India. Indian Journal of Virology 24(1), 74-77.
Sohrab SS, Mandal B, Pant RP, Varma A (2003) First report of association of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus with the yellow mosaic disease of Luffa cylindrica. Plant Disease 87(9), p 1148.
Sorab SS, Karim S, Varma A, Azhar EI, Mandal B, Abuzenadah AM, Chaudhary AG (2013) Factors affecting sap transmission of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi begomovirus infecting sponge gourd in India. Phytoparasitica 41, 591-592.
Srivastava A, Lumar S, Jaidi M, Raj SK, Shukla SK (2016) First report of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus on opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) in India. Plant Disease 100(1), p 232.
Tiwari AK, Sharma PK, Khan MS, Snehi SK, Raj SK, Rao GP (2010) Molecular detection and identification of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus isolate causing yellow mosaic disease in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), a medicinally important plant in India. Medicinal Plants 2(2), 117-123. |
0.999712 | Why home is a safe place to me.
I know that home is a special place because it’s where my family is and it’s a safe place.Home is a safe place to me because you have a roof over your head.
Home also makes me happy when i’m spending time with my family.Home to me is a safe place where there’s food and water.
Home is not a random place home is a safe place where you have always lived and your with your family. |
0.992568 | What can be easier than choosing, researching and buying electronics all from home? By going to the Amazon.com you can buy electronics without walking out of house. Here is how you can use the Amazon.com website to get the electronics.
Go to the Amazon.com . You will see a search menu and many advertisements. You can enter the name or type of electronics you want to buy in search field. Choose electronics from the drop down menu, before you click the search button. This will ensure you that you will not get titles of the books for the kind of electronics you are looking.
Look through the items. Click on the ones that that came up in your search and look most interesting to you.
Read the reviews. Amazon.com usually has several different reviews of each product. These can be helpful in telling you what is best for you. The reviews include written descriptions as well as star ratings about what the consumer disliked or liked about the product.
Choose an electronics item to buy. After you've decided which item is best for you, click on the "add to shopping cart" icon on your screen. In the next screen, you can choose to "continue shopping" or "proceed to checkout." If you're ready, hit the "checkout" button.
Set up account on Amazon.com. This will give you the option to store your billing and shipping information so that in future checkouts will be quicker. At this point you will be asked to enter in your credit card information.
Look over shipping information clearly, and submit order. After deciding a method of shipping, all you have to do is to buy item by submitting order. Your credit card will be charged, and your order will be in the mail soon. |
0.887664 | My first question is CY_U3P_IO_MATRIX_LPP_DEFAULT means to enable all of the low performance peripheral, whereas the I2C, I2S is disabled by "io_cfg.useI2C = CyFalse; io_cfg.useI2S = CyFalse;". Is this a contradiction?
My second question is after running the above code, I mean just complete the above code and before running the following code, will the SPI related IO will still stay float? When does the SPI related IO start to output logic level in AN84868?
For the question 1, well, it seems to be a "literal contradiction". In fact, I2C interace is always available so that io_cfg.useI2C doesn't make sense. We don't need I2S port in this application so that io_cfg_useI2S= CyFalse.
However, for FX3, if you configure it to works as 32-bit mode, only one of SPI/UART/I2S is available. In this case, you must set io.cfg_lppMode to CY_U3P_IO_MATRIX_LPP_DEFAULT. Then set one of io_cfg.useUART/useI2S/useSPI to CyTrue and others CyFalse.
This is the feature of FX3. It is not totally the same to human intuition but you need to use it in this way.
For question 2, Figure 4 of AN84868 illustrates the procedure. Please refer to it.
The first question is nicely solved. However I still have not got the answer for the second question. I think I should state the second question more clearly: When do the SCK pin and MOSI pin of SPI interface leave the tri-state and start to output signals in AN84868.
Does it happen when I just finish IO matrix configuration by the function of CyU3PDeviceConfigureIOMatrix?
Or does it happen when I just finish the initialization of SPI interface by the function of CyU3PSpiInit?
Or does it happen when I just finish the configuration of SPI interface by the function of CyU3PSpiSetConfig?
vendor command 0xB2 (VND_CMD_SLAVESER_CFGLOAD) along with the length of the configuration bit file. The firmware also sets the event CY_FX_CONFIGFPGAAPP_SW_TO_SLFIFO_EVENT for switching to the Slave FIFO interface after it receives the vendor command 0xB1 (VND_CMD_SLAVESER_CFGSTAT) and only if the FPGA configuration is successful. After CY_FX_CONFIGFPGAAPP_SW_TO_SLFIFO_EVENT is set, the firmware will switch to slave FIFO and the I/O matrix will be reconfigured if necessary.
Section 3.3 and 3.4 makes a very detailed explanation on this part.
So the answer for your question is none of the time you have mentioned.
Although I understand when will the FX3 start configuration, I still do not know when the spi interface start to leave the float state in this application note. Does SPI interface begin to leave the float state once FX3 receives the configuration command? |
0.979233 | According to the W3C WAI (Worldwide Web Consortium, Web Accessibility Initiative), Web accessibility means that websites, tools, and technologies are designed and developed so that people with disabilities can use them. Web accessibility encompasses all disabilities that affect access to the Web, including: auditory, cognitive, neurological, physical, speech, and visual. The initiative and publisher guidelines is meant to cover temporary and permanent disability conditions as well as situational/environmental and connectivity related differences among users.
The WAI has published accessibility standards called Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) with specific usability recommendations for designers and developers to use to inform web product development. WCAG 1.0 was published in 1999 and an updated WCAG 2.0 was published in 2008. The current version, WCAG 2.1 was published in 2018 and outlines five key principles for web accessibility which include: perceivable, operable, understandable, robust, and conformance. Each specification within these five areas have sub-specifications with success rating criteria from A (essential), AA (should satisfy), AAA (best, but optional). The WAI recommends that users with disabilities be included in test groups when performing usability testing given that usability testing aims to determine how well people can use the content for its intended purpose.
To share one specific aspect of accessibility to demonstrate how WCAG works in practice, I have reviewed the concept of contrast ratios. A contrast ratio is a set of values assigned to the contrast between a foreground color and background color and applies to text, images, and graphic elements.
WCAG Level AA requires a contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1 for regular text and 3:1 for large text. Text is considered large if it is over 24px or over 18px and bold.
For example, black text on a white background would have a 21:1 ratio (best) and black on black or white on white would have a 1:1 ratio (worst).
This standard is relevant because according to the World Health Organization, globally, it is estimated that approximately 1.3 billion people live with some form of distance or near vision impairment.
It is not difficult to check contrast ratios when creating a design, and there are plenty of tools online to help such as WebAIM (Web Accessibility in Mind) has a contrast checker tool that is free to use: https://webaim.org/resources/contrastchecker/.
Making digital products and websites accessible truly benefits everyone and is, in some cases like government websites, legally required. It is worth checking out the current specifications to see the full range of issues to incorporate into your design process.
Blindness and Vision Impairment (2018, October 11). Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/blindness-and-visual-impairment.
Betz, J. (2019, April 2). What Is Web Accessibility? (And Why It Matters for Your Business) [Blog post]. G2 Crowd. Retrieved from https://learn.g2crowd.com/web-accessibility?__hstc=171774463.2889d5fce58d26dd2e564b243fc58203.1555002914323.1555002914323.1555002914323.1&__hssc=171774463.2.1555002914324&__hsfp=1880097286.
Rice, B. (2019, March). Digital Accessibility: Creating Inclusive Experiences and Avoiding Lawsuits. User Experience Magazine, 19(1). Retrieved from http://uxpamagazine.org/digital-accessibility-creating-inclusive-experiences-and-avoiding-lawsuits/.
Web Accessibility Initiative. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.w3.org/WAI/.
WebAIM (Web Accessibility in Mind). (n.d.). Retrieved from https://webaim.org/resources/contrastchecker/.
The MYmta iPhone app is a travel app designed to provide relevant information related to New York City’s many public transit options: subways, buses, LIRR and Metro-North rail services, and the Access-A-Ride program. The app allows for real-time scheduling and service changes, as well as personalized settings and trip planning, and station accessibility information.
In the “Subway” service section of the app, there are subway line icons that can be tapped to see more details about the line: delay information, planned work details, and station stops where a user can further tap in to see real-time subway schedules.
There is good natural mapping since users can tap directly on the icon to see more details about the subway line as a whole, and then further into see station level information. The experience is intuitive because the hierarchy matches the experience of navigating the subway in real life and a mapped view.
The shape (circle), colors, and typography of the subway line icons also also match what is in use in the actual subway so the app picks up on the mental model that already exist in subway riders minds.
At the bottom of the main screen a user can enter a space to search for service changes to their subway line. However, there is a lack of signifiers to show what to do. There is simply a block for each service and it seems like there is not information available. However, tapping on the space does open a search panel. I would recommend adding a label or icon like in the other screens to show there is content in the space.
In the My Stations & Stops section under the Favorites menu, there is a list of subway stops that an individual user has selected as ones that are used with greater frequency, so they are able to quickly get real-time train schedules. The ability for a user to personalize their experience in a larger display of information is very useful. In this section, since multiple train lines may stop at a given station, the user must expand/open the item using a + icon to get to the real-time data.
In other sections of the app where the + icon is present, clicking on the entire row will expend the view; however, in the Favorites, section, users must tap directly on the + to expand. Therefore, consideration should be given to standardizing the experience and increasing the affordance to match that of the rail section. This change should enable users have a greater rate of successfully expanding the menu on the first try instead of making errors/slips because icon is not the first item seen or because other parts of the app offer a different level of affordance. |
0.805448 | Despite the biological plausibility of hotspots fueling malaria transmission, the evidence to support this concept has been mixed. If transmission spreads from high burden to low burden households in a consistent manner, then this could have important implications for control and elimination program development.
Data from a longitudinal cohort in The Gambia was analyzed. All consenting individuals residing in 12 villages across the country were sampled monthly from June (dry season) to December 2013 (wet season), in April 2014 (mid dry season), and monthly from June to December 2014. A study nurse stationed within each village recorded passively detected malaria episodes between visits. Plasmodium falciparum infections were determined by polymerase chain reaction and analyzed using a geostatistical model.
Household-level observed monthly incidence ranged from 0 to 0.50 infection per person (interquartile range = 0.02–0.10) across the sampling months, and high burden households exist across all study villages. There was limited evidence of a spatio-temporal pattern at the monthly timescale irrespective of transmission intensity. Within-household transmission was the most plausible hypothesis examined to explain the observed heterogeneity in infections.
Within-village malaria transmission patterns are concentrated in a small proportion of high burden households, but patterns are stochastic regardless of endemicity. Our findings support the notion of transmission occurring at the household and village scales but not the use of a targeted approach to interrupt spreading of infections from high to low burden areas within villages in this setting.
Within populations, heterogeneity in exposure to malaria has been widely documented; it is generally estimated that 20% of the population experience 80% of the disease burden [1–3]. The skewed distribution of exposure has been observed at every spatial scale, in different transmission landscapes, and is expected to be more pronounced when transmission is low . Several studies have documented both spatial and spatio-temporal high burden areas of malaria, typically referred to as hotspots but here defined as clusters, and have fueled the notion of spatially targeting interventions for control and elimination [5–7].
The consistent presence of spatial clusters of high malaria burden within populations contributed to the hypothesis that there may be hotspots, or certain households, or subsets of households within foci (spatially discrete areas with sustained transmission) that fuel transmission . The number and size of clusters within foci and the delineation of a foci itself will likely depend on the specific setting. For example, on the coast of Kenya, multiple clusters were identified per foci , whereas a single cluster was observed in a highland setting . If such clusters are in fact hotspots, meaning they are drivers of malaria transmission, and they could be easily identified and targeted with interventions, then resources could be used more effectively and their impact on transmission intensity may be greater than that of a uniform approach [8, 9]. For a hotspot-driven approach at the sub-village level to be viable, it is critical to determine whether the observed heterogeneity at the village scale is a feature of malaria transmission and supports the notion of “hotspots” fueling transmission or whether it follows a more stochastic pattern .
The notion of hotspots as intrinsic drivers of malaria transmission being an inherent part of the transmission landscape is plausible with risk being driven by macroscale and microscale characteristics [11, 12]. For example, the observed seasonality in transmission is associated with climate, specifically the rainfall patterns and temperature [13, 14]. Similarly, at the local scale, malaria risk is known to be associated with microepidemiological variation in risk factors, including greater odds of infection in those residing in proximity to mosquito breeding sites (e.g., ponds or forests) or living with other infected individuals [15–17]. The observed spatial heterogeneity in infected individuals also has implications for quantifying and understanding transmission intensity . As described as part of the hotspot model, the high burden households within an endemic area may amplify transmission by acting as a constant parasite reservoir, or equally they could absorb infectious bites, attenuating observed transmission events [19, 20]. If these households or groups of households are driving transmission within foci, then hotspot-targeted interventions would be justified [8, 21].
Although biologically plausible, the evidence to support the concept of hotspots, here considered as a single household or group of high burden households within foci, fueling transmission has been mixed. For example, a recent trial targeting serologically defined hotspots of exposure failed to observe any sustained reduction in transmission outside of the targeted area . Transmission in the study area may have been too high for well-defined hotspots, hotspot boundaries may not have been effectively defined, or hotspots may not have contributed to maintaining transmission in this setting . Despite the limited evidence to support the use of hotspot-targeted approaches, several malaria elimination programs have engaged in hotspot-inspired strategies [3, 21, 24].
In this study, we conducted a spatio-temporal analysis on a full population cohort distributed in six pairs of villages across The Gambia. The aim of this research was to establish if predicted risk of malaria transmission intensity exhibits a consistent pattern, meaning the risk of malaria moving from a high burden household or a group of households to neighboring households, over time. If the expected pattern exists, we aimed to identify at what transmission intensity this dynamic becomes apparent. In case of limited evidence to support the hotspot pattern, some potential drivers of any observed heterogeneity were explored.
Malaria transmission in The Gambia is highly seasonal and occurs during and soon after the rainy season, typically between August and December. Epidemiological data from the study cohort has been recently described . Briefly, monthly blood samples were collected during the 2013 and 2014 malaria transmission seasons (June–December) from all people residing in every household in the study villages (Fig. 1). An additional blood sample was collected during the dry season, in April 2014. Village pairs were approximately 1–3 km apart and were considered as discrete spatial units. Populations ranged between 100 and 700 individuals per village, and all residents were included in the study. All households were geo-located. The number of households per village ranged from 13 to 69, and the distance between households within a village ranged from 0.4 to a maximum of 986.8 m (Table 1). Furthermore, one round of mass drug administration (MDA) with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine was carried out in June 2014.
Finger prick blood samples were collected on filter paper for identification of Plasmodium falciparum infections using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All febrile individuals (auxiliary temperature ≥ 37.5 °C or history of fever in the last 24 h) were screened for malaria by rapid diagnostic test (RDT), and if positive they were treated with artemether-lumefantrine according to national guidelines. A study nurse was stationed within each village and recorded all malaria episodes between monthly visits, including administering an RDT and collecting a blood sample on filter paper.
Malaria parasites are transmitted to humans via the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito and can be directly measured using the entomological inoculation rate (EIR) [26, 27]. The P. falciparum parasite rate (PfPR) is a known correlate to EIR; it provides a measure of transmission intensity and is a more operationally feasible metric to generate . Using PCR infection as the dependent variable as a proxy for transmission intensity, geostatistical analysis was conducted using the PrevMap package in R (v3.3.2) to determine the predicted malaria prevalence per household per month within each village accounting for spatial autocorrelation as well as temporal trends . A Bayesian geostatistical probit model was used to predict the spatial variation in malaria parasite prevalence within each village. More details on the model specification are provided in Additional file 1. Because the cohort was a full population sample, no interpolation at unsampled locations was required. Predicted prevalence per household was estimated using the median of the posterior distribution, and maps of the combined and monthly predicted prevalence were generated.
Models were adjusted for sample date, distance to road, distance to river, and mean monthly rainfall. The distance to river and road variables were determined by extracting the relevant features from pan-sharpened Landsat 8 imagery and using the gDistance function in the rgeos package to estimate the straight-line distance in kilometers. Monthly rainfall was obtained from weather stations located in each of the six study regions across the country.
The observed overdispersed distribution of infection counts has been used to support the notion of malaria hotspots . However, it is possible that the skewed distribution is due to measurement bias in how infections are defined. For example, PCR-detected infections were not treated in this study (until becoming symptomatic and detectable by RDT) and could represent an infection from a single infectious bite or repeated inoculations within the same individual until treatment is sought. For example, by considering each time point where a PCR infection is detected as unique would lead to counting a single infection detected at 5 sequential time points as 5 unique infections instead of 1, thereby driving the observed overdispersion. To demonstrate the degree of potential measurement bias as an alternative explanation to the skewed patterns of case counts, two different approaches for counting were employed. The first was to consider each time point when a PCR positive result was recorded as a unique infection irrespective of whether there was a confirmed treatment in between sampling. The second approach considered any infections detected at sequential time points as the same infection unless the individual had been treated for malaria as part of the study. Any negative sample between two PCR positive samples in a non-treated individual was assumed to be a false negative and considered as a single infection. Any subsequent infection detected after a known treatment event (e.g., symptomatic and RDT positive, or participated in the MDA) was considered as a new infection.
In total, 41,548 monthly observations were available from 360 households across 14 sampling time points. The size of households ranged from a single person to 78 individuals, and the residents had a similar age distribution between villages (Table 1). The aggregated infection prevalence across the study period ranged from 2.6 to 18.3% across the 12 villages (Fig. 1). During the 2-year study period, 2877 samples were positive for malaria infection, with substantial heterogeneity between villages. The lowest transmission village recorded 34 infections in 10 households, whereas the village with the highest transmission had 845 infections in 42 households (Table 1). Across all time points, 12.5% (45/360) households did not record a single infection, while the number of households without any infection varied from 0 in village L to 12 in village F. Household-level observed monthly incidence ranged from 0 to 0.50 infection per person (interquartile range (IQR) = 0.02–0.10) across the sampling months.
The overall number of observed infections per individual (Fig. 2a) and per household (Fig. 2b) exhibit the expected overdispersion pattern, illustrating the considerable heterogeneity in malaria exposure experienced by this population. Results of the geostatistical model exhibited 100 m as the range of spatial autocorrelation, suggesting that village pairs were discrete transmission units. However, the geostatistical model failed to provide evidence of a pronounced spatial pattern within villages at either low or high transmission intensities (Fig. 3; see Additional file 1 for model output). Across all villages, only a single village (Fig. 3, village F) showed a pattern of high burden households grouping together. When the predicted household-level prevalence is plotted over time, there is no evidence that infection dynamics around high burden households exhibit a regular pattern around neighboring households at the monthly time step; the patterns appear stochastic (Additional file 2). Furthermore, as a group of high burden households was only evident in a single village with moderate transmission levels, the presence of hotspots within villages does not appear to be associated with transmission intensity. The spatial patterns were similar irrespective of whether an infection was symptomatic or asymptomatic (Additional file 3) .
As a consistent spatio-temporal dynamic of malaria around high burden households was not observed, the next step was to explore alternative explanations for the overdispersion pattern of malaria burden in the study population. The first explanation examined was measurement bias in how infections were defined. If we consider the most conservative definition and assume only new infections as those after a recorded treatment event, the distribution becomes less skewed, with fewer households experiencing multiple malaria episodes (Fig. 4a). As expected, the differences between methods for counting infections are more pronounced in high transmission settings (Fig. 4b, village M) compared to low transmission settings (Fig. 4b, village A). Although neither method of counting infections is expected to fully capture the number of “true” infections experienced in the population, the heterogeneity in malaria burden was still present despite the most extreme definition of counting infections being applied.
The second explanation for the observed heterogeneity in malaria that we explored was to consider the household as the relevant spatial unit of transmission. Patterns of infections appearing within households suggested that three scenarios are evident: there are cases when several individuals are infected within the same month, there are cases of infections appearing the month after another individual within the household becomes infected, and there are cases of stochastic introductions (Fig. 5). All patterns were observed in households in both the low (Fig. 5; village A) and high (Fig. 5; village M) transmission settings. However, parasite genetic data is required to confirm this hypothesis. See Additional file 4 for heat maps showing transmission dynamics within all study households.
Heterogeneity in malaria burden is an inherent aspect of transmission, rooted in complex interactions between environmental, vector, and individual characteristics [9, 21, 31]. However, evidence on the importance of the observed heterogeneity within a village in maintaining or fueling transmission, consistent with the concept of hotspots, is required to support the use of such a strategy as part of control or elimination programs. In this study, we explored spatio-temporal trends of malaria transmission intensity to see if it shifted from high burden households to the surrounding area. Though high burden households within villages exist, they were not consistently the same, and the risk of malaria was not observed to spread from high to low burden households at the monthly timescale. Together, these findings suggest that the relevant operational unit for targeting transmission in this setting is the household or the entire village, depending on the program goals and interventions being employed.
As heterogeneity in malaria infections was observed in the data, we next explored non-spatial factors that could be driving the pattern. In this study, participants were only treated if they had a symptomatic, RDT positive infection or participated in the MDA. Therefore, we hypothesized that each observed infection is unlikely to represent a unique infection event, and the overdispersion in burden may be partly driven by measurement bias. Assuming that new infections are only those identified after documented antimalarial treatment decreased but did not eliminate the observed heterogeneity. The “extreme” assumptions we used, namely that all detected infections are new ones or that new infections are only those occurring after treatment, are unlikely to represent the true number of infection events, as individuals may have cleared them spontaneously, received treatment outside of the study, or experienced superinfections [32–34]. Being able to account for superinfections and identify the role of these individuals in fueling onward transmission would help refine methods for counting new or incident infections and determining which infections matter for maintaining transmission intensity . The true incidence likely falls somewhere in between the two estimates used, but measurement bias is unlikely to contribute substantially to the levels of heterogeneity detected.
We next explored the extent to which transmission occurs within the household as a possible explanation for the observed overdispersion. Household-level risk has been identified in other settings whereby individuals residing within an infected house are more likely to also be or become infected [17, 25, 36, 37]. However, it is not known whether the increased burden is due to the aggregation of factors that increase risk of infection or because the household itself is the unit of transmission. In this setting, we observed sequential infections within households where new household members became infected in the month after the initial introduced infection. This pattern suggests that within-household transmission is plausible and supports the use of reactive case detection strategies, where households of any confirmed infection are visited and screened and/or treated for malaria to capture additional cases expected within households of index cases [17, 38]. Based on the limited spreading pattern observed, including neighboring households or those within a specific radius around index households would not be recommended in this setting. Also, a reactive approach for targeting residual infections within households is not likely to be appropriate in all settings. This is particularly true for those settings where transmission occurs outside of the household, for example, in forests, as is common in Southeast Asia [24, 39]. Furthermore, given the stochastic nature of infections across all villages, a reactive approach may not contribute to a reduction of transmission but may contribute to infections averted in household members, particularly if a drug with a longer prophylactic period is used. Given that all villages in this study are capable of supporting transmission and would therefore be considered as “active” according to the World Health Organization (WHO) definition of foci, one could argue that targeting the whole village population with interventions may be more appropriate as a way to accelerate malaria elimination .
It is possible that hotspots do exist and fuel transmission within foci, but it was not observed in this setting. It is unlikely that infections were missed, as routine sampling occurred every month during the transmission season with a study nurse capturing episodes between regular visits. Although the monthly time step was selected as it would account for the intrinsic and extrinsic incubation periods, it is possible that this temporal scale was not optimal or the monthly aggregated datasets too small to detect the spreading of infections between households. The treatment of detectable infections as part of both the passive and active screenings may have altered or masked spatio-temporal patterns. However, the expected rate of treatments required to interrupt transmission is much higher than was administered as part of routine surveillance. Secondly, the spatio-temporal patterns observed pre- and post-MDA were similar, despite the magnitude of transmission intensity being lower in the second year. Therefore, the role of treatment likely had a minimal impact on the ability to observe any patterns. Alternative spatio-modeling approaches such as point pattern or dispersion models may have yielded different results. However, the number of points per village limited any point-based analysis, and understanding whether infections cluster would not directly address the question of interest. Incorporating the parasite genetic data into this analysis to track infections within and between households may help us understand the extent of within- and between-household transmission dynamics . The detailed genetic data required for this analysis was not available. However, recent work supports the notion of microepidemiological clustering of parasite strains . Next, the non-response bias experienced in this 2-year cohort may have masked any hotspot dynamics. It is possible that the individuals missed could have better illustrated any spreading between households. However, the participation rate across all villages was reasonably high and was consistent between villages, so although possible, we do not consider this as likely.
Approaches for more efficient targeting of malaria control and elimination activities have shifted to incorporating spatial dynamics of transmission and identifying lingering foci. Although hotspots fueling malaria transmission within a village or foci are biologically plausible, the limited evidence in field settings puts their role in sustaining transmission into question. The results presented here further support this shift in thinking [40, 42]. This population-level cohort in 12 villages across The Gambia showed that there is considerable heterogeneity in transmission both within and between study villages. Our results suggest that spatio-temporal patterns of malaria risk are stochastic at all endemicities and are inconsistent with the idea of hotspots fueling malaria transmission. Transmission was more likely to occur within households in this setting, supporting the use of reactive case detection strategies targeting the household only or to target the entire village as a focus, but not an approach targeting hotspots with the goal of interrupting transmission from high to low burden areas.
Gillian H. Stresman and Julia Mwesigwa contributed equally to this work.
We would like to thank the teams involved in data collection as well as those in the laboratory who contributed to analyzing the generated samples. The authors would also like to acknowledge Dr. Nunu Sepulveda, who provided valuable input on the data and statistical analysis.
This study was funded by the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) and the UK Department for International Development (DFID) under the MRC/DFID Concordat agreement (MC_EX_MR/J002364/1) awarded to UD. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
The datasets analyzed during the current study and the R code are available through the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
JM, JA, GLdT, JvG, and UD were responsible for the cohort study design. JM, AW, and MJ were involved in data collection and database management. Analysis and interpretation of the data was performed by GS, EG, JM, CD, TB, and UD. GS wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Informed written consent was obtained from all study participants or their guardians upon recruitment into the study cohort. This study was approved by the Scientific Coordinating Committee of the Medical Research Council, Gambia Unit (SSC 1318) and The Gambia Government/MRC Joint Ethics Committee. |
0.97004 | When someone says, "It was Sunday." Which Sunday does he mean?
Hi, Ruifeng: You can only ascertain which Sunday someone means when he says "It was Sunday" by paying attention to the surrounding context, in which there might be clues as to which Sunday he is referring to. If there are no clues, then you can interpret "It was Sunday" as "It was a Sunday." The point is that Sunday was the day of the week. |
0.991974 | The French and British were always at war. They fought for land and power. In 1670, a company owned by the English, began to challenge the French for the fur trade(Hudsons Bay's Company). In 1713, the British won a success in Europe, Britan and France signed the Treaty of Utrecht. The French had to give up there forts around Hudsons Bay. In 1749, the British built the town of Halifax so they could defend themselves in case the French wanted to go to war.
Samuel de Champlain established the first successful French settlement in Acadia. He was considered the first governor of Canada, and was called the "Father of New France".
Jacques Cartier is credited with the European discovery to the entrance to Canada, the St. Lawrence river, and for claiming its shores for the king of France. He also traveled as far as Montreal. Jacques Cartier was the first to bring French language and culture to North America. As well as, the first to claim the land for France, which was then colonized as New France.
He was the first intendant in New France and was responsible for everything that involved making, selling, buying and trading products. Jean Talon developed fishing and fur trade so that the settlers could export seals, salmon and cod to France.
John CabotJohn Cabot was the first explorer to discover North America. This helped other explorers by showing them that there is new land that can be explored.
Before the 7 year war, the French took the greatest amount of territory in North America. The British blocked out the passage to the French land, so they had a chance to take over. At the end of the war, New France and Acadia were under British rule. But in 1763, France gave up it's colonial empire in North America. |
0.999973 | Faust, so sorry I'm late. Hope you had a wonderful day. Oh did you hear the one about the.....sorry my bad.
I'm late also, but the sentiment is the same. Happy birthday Faust, hope you are happy and healthy going into another year. |
0.950162 | Can the share capital of a Hong Kong company be denominated in foreign currency?
Yes. But, once the company is incorporated, it is difficult to change the currency of the share capital. |
0.999981 | Тренировочные упражнения. Present Perfect Continuous Tense. Продвинутый уровень. Advanced. Часть первая.
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык, обращая внимание на настоящее совершенное длительное время Present Perfect Continuous Tense. Начинаем переводить самые простые предложения.
1. Сколько времени вы пытаетесь связаться со своими друзьями? – Уже почти неделю.
2. Мы везде ищем эти документы уже два часа но не можем их найти.
3. Мы очень устали. Мы работали в саду целый день.
4. С каких пор они обсуждают этот вопрос? – С раннего утра.
5. Весь город только и говорит о нем, с тех пор, как он уехал.
6. Сколько времени эти студенты занимаются английским языком?
7. Я просматриваю эти документы уже три часа.
8. С каких пор она преподает в этой школе английский язык?
9. Последнее время он слишком много о ней думает.
10. Почему у тебя мокрые ботинки? – Я долго гулял под дождем.
11. Со вчерашнего дня идет снег и на улице много снега.
12. Как долго вы живете в этом городе? – Двадцать лет.
13. Пожалуйста, входите. Мы давно вас ждем.
14. Мы ходим по городу уже шесть часов и очень устали.
15. Сколько вы уже здесь находитесь? – Две недели.
16. Мама, что случилось? У тебя красные глаза. Ты плакала?
17. Те мальчики играют в футбол уже два часа.
18. Пожалуйста, не рассказывай никому, что я здесь работаю.
19. Ваш сын давно собирает марки? – С детства.
20 . Я наблюдаю за этим человеком с тех пор, как я здесь сижу.
21. Можно войти? – Конечно. Что ты делаешь наверху?
22. Как ваша дочь? – Она в порядке. Я только что разговаривала с ней по телефону.
23. С какого времени вы здесь сидите? – С десяти часов.
24. Наконец-то вы пришли! Мария только что спрашивала о вас.
25. Входи, моя дорогая. Я целое утро пытаюсь тебя найти.
26. Ребенок плачет весь вечер.
27. Джон путешествует по Африке уже три месяца.
28. Том красит стены своей комнаты с девяти часов.
29. Вы давно ищете работу?
30. Мой отец курит уже десять лет.
1. How long have you been trying to get in touch with your friends? – Nearly a week already.
2. We have been looking for these documents everywhere for two hours already and can’t find them.
3. We are very tired. We’ve been working in the garden all day.
4. Since when have they been discussing the matter? – Since early morning.
5. The whole town has been talking about him since he left.
6. How long have these students been working at their English?
7. I have been looking through these documents for three hours already.
8. Since when has she been teaching English in this school?
9. He has been thinking about her too much lately.
10. Why are your shoes wet? – I’ve been going for a walk in the rain long.
11. It has been snowing since yesterday and there are a lot of snow outside. .
12. How long have you been living in this town? – Twenty years.
13. Come in, please. We have been waiting for you long.
14. We have been walking around in the city for six hours already and are very tired.
15. How long have you been staying here? – Two weeks.
16. What is the matter, mother? Your eyes are red. Have you been crying?
17. Those boys have been playing football for two hours already.
18. Please don’t tell anybody what I have been working here.
19. Has your son been collecting stamps long? – Since his childhood.
20. I have been watching at that man since I have been sitting here.
21. May I come in?- Certainly. What have you been doing upstairs?
22. How is your daughter? – Oh, she is very well. I have just been telephoning to her.
23. Since when have you been sitting here? – Since ten o’clock.
24. Oh, you have come at last. Mary has just been asking for you.
25. Come in, my dear. I have been trying to find you all morning.
26. The baby has been crying all evening.
27. John has been travelling around Africa for three months already.
28. Tom has been painting the walls of his room since nine o’clock.
29. Have you been looking for a job long?
30. My father has been smoking for ten years already.
Тренировочные упражнения. Present Perfect Continuous Tense. Средний уровень. Intermediate. Часть вторая.
Exercise 1. Дополните следующие предложения предлогами “since” или “for”, используя словосочетания, данные в скобках.
7. I haven’t seen you. ( Christmas /a week).
Я напишу правильные ответы, чтобы вы могли себя проверить.
1. We have been here since early morning.
We have been here for two hours.
2. I haven’t been riding a bicycle for longer than I can remember.
I haven’t been riding a bicycle since my childhood.
3. I have known him for five years.
I have known him since 2012.
4. Ann hasn’t been speaking to me for more than a year.
Ann hasn’t been speaking to me since last year.
5. My husband has been asking me the same question since the beginning of the week.
My husband has been asking me the same question for last fortnight.
6. It hasn’t been raining here for more than a month.
It hasn’t been raining here since February.
7. I haven’t seen you since Christmas.
I haven’t seen you for a week.
8. My neighbours have been living in this street since 1995.
My neighbours have been living in this street for the last ten years.
My neighbours have been living in this street for a long time.
9. I haven’t been speaking Spanish for ten years.
I haven’t been speaking Spanish since 2007.
10. He hasn’t had time to do it since for five days.
He hasn’t had time to do it since last Friday.
11. She has been wearing the same old dress for at least a month.
She has been wearing the same old dress since the beginning of the month.
12. We haven’t been buying any new clothes for a year.
We haven’t been buying any new clothes for ages.
We haven’t been buying any new clothes since then.
13. You haven’t been sending me any money since last month.
You haven’t been sending me any money for fifteen days.
14. Nobody has been writing to me for many weeks.
Nobody has been writing to me since my birthday.
15. He hasn’t been eating any meat for over a year.
He hasn’t been eating any meat since he was a boy.
16. The dog has been lying on the floor for three hours.
The dog has been lying on the floor since morning.
17. He hasn’t had a car for five years.
He hasn’t had a car since 2012.
18. This question has been under consideration since Monday.
This question has been under consideration for three days.
19. We have been waiting for you for two hours.
We have been waiting for you since 11 o’clock.
20. He has been ill since last week.
He has been ill for five days.
Exercise 2. Заполните пропуски предлогами “since” или “for”.
1. John hasn’t been here … three weeks.
2. That church has been standing here … centuries.
3. What have you been doing … yesterday?
4. My friend has been selling computers … five years already .
5. He has been sleeping … ten hours.
6. He has been sleeping … ten o’clock this morning.
7. I haven’t been wearing this dress … two years.
8. She has been teaching in this school … 2001.
9. My friend has been ill … a long time.
10. We’ve been studying English … three months.
11. I’ve been reading this book … the beginning of the week.
12. It has been snowing … yesterday morning.
13. I have been busy … early morning.
14. He hasn’t been doing any work … a week already.
15. She has been speaking on the telephone … an hour already.
16. Mother has been cooking dinner … ten o’clock.
17. I haven’t seen you … a long time.
18. We have known him … ages.
19. My granny has been resting in the garden … noon.
20 They have been living in the country … ten years.
1. John hasn’t been here for three weeks.
2. That church has been standing here for centures.
3. What have you been doing since yesterday?
4. My friend has been selling computers for five years already.
5. He has been sleeping for ten years.
6. He has been sleeping since ten o’clock this morning.
7. I haven’t been wearing this dress for two years.
8. She has been teaching in this school since 2001.
9. My friend has been ill for a long time.
10. We’ve been studying English for three months.
11. I’ve been reading this book since the beginning of the week.
12. It has been raining since yesterday morning.
13. I have been busy since early morning.
14. He hasn’t been doing any work for a week already.
15. She has been speaking on the telephone for an hour already.
16. Mother has been cooking dinner since ten o’clock.
17. I haven’t seen you for a long time.
18. We have known him for ages.
19. My granny has been resting in the garden since noon.
20. They have been living in the country for ten years.
Тренировочные упражнения. Present Perfect Continuous Tense. Средний уровень. Intermediate. Часть первая.
В следующих предложениях надо раскрыть скобки и поставить глаголы в нужное время, только уже надо ориентироваться во всех оттенках настоящего времени: Present Indefinite Tense, Present Continuous Tense, Present Perfect Tense, Present perfect Continuous Tense.
1. My brother ( to collect) stamps ever since he left school. Now he ( to collect) so many that he doesn’t know where to put them.
2. What you ( to write)? – I ( to write ) my composition. I ( to write) it all morning and I ( not to finish) it yet. – I (to finish) mine.
3. This short-sighted man ( to lose) his spectacles. We ( to look) for them everywhere but we can’t find them.
4. That boy already ( to stand) at the bus stop for the last half an hour. Shall I tell him that the last bus already (to go)?
5. What you ( to do), Tom? – I ( to read). But it ( to be) late. What you ( to read) all this time?
6. You ever ( to act) as interpreter? – Yes, that is what I ( to do) for the last five months.
7. Something ( to happen) to John. I ( to wait) for him long and he ( not to come) yet.
8. Where (to be) John? – He ( to work) in the garden. He must be too tired. He ( to work) there all day.
9. They (make) up their quarrel? – I don’t know. I only know that they ( not to be) on speaking terms since September.
10. There are a lot of things I ( to do) for a long time, and I ( not to do) them yet.
11. Who you ( to wait) for? – I ( to wait) for Ann. I ( to wait) for her since 10 o’clock.
12. Our pilot (to ask) for permission to take off for ten minutes already, but he ( to get) no answer yet.
13. There is the car. My husband ( to come) back. I must go and wash my eyes. I don’t want him to see I ( to cry).
14. These people ( to stand ) here for the last twenty minutes. What they ( to talk) about all this time?
15. The workers ( to work) very hard these two weeks, they ( to be busy) with the interior decoration of the house.
16. You are old enough to begin to learn. – I ( to learn) all my life.
17. What you ( to think) of? – I (to think) of our journey. – You ( to think) of it long?
18. You (to be) of great help to us since you ( to be ) with us.
19. What you ( to do) with my bag? I ( to look) for it for an hour and can’t find it. – I think, Ann ( to go) off with it.
20. The actors ( to rehearse) since early morning; now they ( to go over) the first scene as they ( not to be) satisfied with their acting.
21. The children ( to play) chess in the sitting-room. They ( to play) since I ( to sit) here.
22. Here you (to be) at last! I ( to wait) for you for twenty minutes!
23. At last you ( to open) the door! It seems to me, I ( to ring) for an hour at least!
24. The typist ( to miss) several words as she ( talk) all the time.
25. They ( to discuss) this question ever since I ( to be) here and they ( not to come) to any definite conclusion.
Я раскрою скобки и поставлю глаголы в нужное время, чтобы вы могли себя проверить.
1. My brother has been collecting stamps since he left school. Now he has collected so many that he doesn’t know where to put them.
2. What are you writing? – I am writing my composition. I have been writing it all morning and I haven’t finished it yet. – I have finished mine.
3. This short-sighted man has lost his spectacles. We have been looking for them everywhere but we can’t find them.
4. That boy has already been standing at the bus stop for the last half an hour. Shall I tell him that the last bus has already gone?
5. What are you doing, Tom? – I am reading. But it is late. What have you been reading all this time?
6. Have ever acted as interpreter? – Yes, that is what I have been doing for the last five months.
7. Something has happened to John. I have been waiting for him long and he hasn’t come yet.
8. Where is John? He is working in the garden. He must be too tired. He has been working there all day.
9. Have they made up ther quarrel? – I don’t know. I only know that they haven’t been on speaking terms since September.
10. There are a lot of things I have been doing for a long time, and I haven’t done them yet.
11. Who are you waiting for? – I am waiting for Ann. I have been waiting for her since 10 o’clock.
12. Our pilot has been asking for permission for ten minutes already, but he has got no answer yet.
13. There is the car. My husband has come back. I must go and wash my eyes . I don’t want him to see I have been crying.
14. These people have been standing here for the last twenty minutes. What are they talking about all this time?
15. The workers have been working hard these two weeks, they have been busy with interior of the house.
16. You are old to begin to learn. – I have been learning all my life.
17. What are thinking of? – I am thinking of our journey. – Have you been thinking of it long?
18. You have been of great help to us since you have been with us.
19. What have you done with my bag? – I have been looking for it for an hour and can’t find it. – I think, Ann has gone off with it.
20. The actors have been rehearsing since early morning; now they are going over the first scene as they haven’t been satisfied with their acting.
21. The children are playing chess in the sitting room. They have been playing since I have been sitting here.
22. Here you are at last! I have been waiting for you for twenty minutes .
23. At last you have opened the door! It seemsto me, I have been ringing for an hour at least!
24. The typist has missed several words as she has been talking all the time.
25. They have been discussing this question since I have been here and they haven’t come to any definite conclusion.
Тренировочные упражнения. Present Perfect Continuous Tense. Начальный уровень. Elementary. Часть вторая.
Отрабатываем настоящее совершенное длительное время в упражнениях и начинаем с самых простых упражнений.
Exercise 1. Поставьте следующие предложения в отрицательную и вопросительную форму.
1. We have been waiting for you since yesterday.
2. The pupils have been learning English for three years.
3. The children have been playing football since early morning.
4. You have been speaking over the telephone for half an hour already.
5. We are tired. We have been working in the garden all day.
6. It has been raining since yesterday.
7. He has been wearing the same suit for years.
8. You have been translating this article since 8 o’clock.
9. The engineers have been discussing this matter for two hours already.
10. The baby has been crying all morning.
11. The boys have been running about in the park for three hours.
12. My friend has been serving in the army since last year.
13. This film has been running for a month.
14. We have been living here since 2005.
15. There are a lot of snow outside. It has been snowing.
16. He has been sleeping for over ten hours already.
17. Ann has been working here since 5 September.
18. Mother has been doing the washing for an hour and a half already.
19. He has been selling computers since last year.
20. My granny has been feeling very well lately.
21. George has been smoking for a long time.
22. You have been argueing with your co-workers for over an hour.
23. They have been considering the question all morning.
24. Tom is red because he has been sunbathing.
25. She has been having his English for half an hour already.
26. My aunt has been travelling around Europe since the beginning of the year.
26. The students have been listening to their teacher for over an hour already.
27. My grandfather has been working in the garden all day.
28. You have been laughing at this joke for ten minutes already.
29. This pictures has been hanging here for a long time.
30. His hands are dirty. He had been repairing the car.
Exercise 2. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в Present Perfect Tense или вPresent Continuous Tense.
1. I (not to see) you for a long time.
2. He ( to write) a novel for the last two years, but he ( not to finish) it yet.
3. You should tell me what you ( to do) since I last saw you.
4. She ( to work) so hard this week that she ( not to have) time to go to the hairdresser’s.
5. He ( not to be ) here since Christmas; I wonder where he ( to live) since then.
6. You ( to be asleep) all the morning? I ( to ring) the bell for the last twenty minutes.
7. I ( to try) to learn English for years, but I (not to succeed) yet.
8. Mary ( to rest) in the garden all day because she ( to be) ill.
9. We ( to live) here for the last six months, and just ( to decide) to move.
10. I ( no to find) a wife, though I ( to look for) one ever since I was twenty.
11. Since you gave me your number I (to phone) you many times and ( not to find) you at home.
12. You already ( to drink) three cups of tea since I ( to sit) here.
13. He ( not to have) a holiday for nine years because he (to be) very busy.
14. That book ( to lie) on the table for weeks. You ( not to read) it yet?
15. I (to wait) here for her since seven o’clock and she ( not to come) yet.
1. I haven’t seen you for a long time.
2. He has been writing a novel the last two years, but he hasn’t finished it yet.
3. You should tell me what you have been doing since I last saw you.
4. She has been working so hard this week that she hasn’t had time to go the hairdresser’s.
5. He hasn’ t been here since Christmas; I wonder where he has been living since then.
6. Have you been asleep all the morning? I have been ringing the bell for the last twenty minutes.
7. I have been trying to learn English for years, but I haven’t succeeded yet.
8. Mary has been resting in the garden all day because she has been ill.
9. We have been living here for the last six months, and have just decided to move.
10. I haven’ t found a wife, though I have been looking for one ever since I was twenty.
11. Since you gave me your number I have been phoning you many times and haven’t found you at home.
12. You have already been drinking three cups of tea since I have been sitting here.
13. He hasn’t been having a holiday for nine years because he has been very busy.
14. That book has been lying on the table for weeks. Have you read it yet?
15. I have been waiting for her since seven o’clock and she hasn’ t come yet.
Тренировочные упражнения. Present Perfect Continuous Tense. Начальный уровень. Elementary. Часть первая.
Начинаем привыкать к новой, только что освоенной глагольной форме: Present Perfect Continuous Tense , поэтому начинаем с самых простых упражнений. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глагол в нужном времени. Переведите предложения.
1. We ( to look for) the key everywhere since morning, but can’t find it.
2. We are very tired because we’ve been walking round the town all day.
3. The children (to do) their homework for half an hour.
4. I (to live) here since 1995.
5. This text is very difficult for me. I (to translate) it for two hours, but it isn’t quite finished yet.
6. The cat ( to sit) in front of the fire since noon.
7. He already (to wait) for a letter from his sister for a month, but hasn’t received it yet.
8. I (to look) at this picture for five minutes, but I can’t find you in it.
9. It ( to snow) since yesterday.
10. I (to try) to get in touch with them for a long time , but now I’ve given it up as hopeless.
11. Look! The light ( to burn) all night.
12. Wake up! You already (to sleep) for ten hours.
13. I know you (to talk) about grammar for the last half an hour, but I am afraid I (not to listen).
14. He ( stand) here in the rain for half an hour.
15. This pupil ( to learn) English for three years, but he can’t even read a newspaper yet.
16. I am cold because I ( to swim) for an hour.
17. Nobody has come to see us since we ( to live) in our new house.
18. What you ( to do) while I have been out? We ( to sit) here writing our homework, but it’s not quite finished yet.
19. My uncle ( to work) at the factory for twenty years.
20. They are tired because they ( to work) in the garden since early morning.
21. The weather is fine today. The sun ( to shine) ever since we got up.
22. My sister ( to speak) over the telephone long enough. It is time for her to stop talking.
23. Dinner isn’t quite ready yet, although I ( to cook) all the morning.
24. Ann should stop working so much; she has got a headache because she ( to read) too long.
25. This student ( to work) hard at his English all the time and has already made great progress.
Я раскрою скобки и поставлю глаголы в нужное время, а также переведу все предложения, чтобы вы могли себя проверить.
1. We have been looking for the key everywhere since morning, but can’t find it. = Мы с утра везде ищем ключ, но не можем его найти.
2. We are very tired because we’ve been walking round the town all day. = Мы очень устали, потому что весь день ходили по городу.
3. The children have been doing their homework for half an hour. = Дети уже полчаса делают уроки.
4. I’ve been living here since 1995. = Я живу здесь с 1995 года.
5. This text is very difficult for me. I’ve been translating it for two hours, but it isn’t quite finished yet. = Этот текст для меня очень трудный. Я перевожу его уже два часа, но он еще не совсем закончен.
6. The cat has been sitting in front of the fire since noon. = Кот сидит перед огнем с полудня.
7. He has already been waiting for a letter from his sister for a month, but hasn’t received it yet. = Он уже целый месяц ждет письмо от своей сестры, но еще его не получил.
8. I’ve been looking at the picture for five minutes, but I can’t find you in it. = Я разглядываю фотографию уже пять минут, но не могу тебя на ней найти.
9. It has been snowing since yesterday. = Со вчерашнего дня идет снег.
10. I’ve been trying to get in touch with them for a long time, but now I’ve given it up as hopeless. = У уже давно пытаюсь связаться с ними, но сейчас я уже оставил это безнадежное дело.
11. Look! The light has been burning all night. = Смотри! Всю ночь горит свет.
12. Wake up! You have already sleeping for ten hours. = Просыпайся! Ты спишь уже десять часов.
13. I know you have been talking about grammar for the last half an hour, but I am afraid I haven’t been listening. = Знаю, что ты говоришь о грамматике последние полчаса, но боюсь, я тебя не слушаю.
14. He has been standing here in the rain for half an hour. = ОН уже полчаса стоит здесь под дождем.
15. This pupil has been learning English for three years, but he can’t even read a newspaper yet. = Этот ученик учит английский язык уже три года, но не может даже прочитать газету.
16. I am cold because I have been swimming for an hour. = Я замерз потому что я уже целый час плаваю.
17. Nobody has come to see us since we have been living in our new house. = С тех пор как мы живем в нашем новом доме, еще никто нас не навестил.
18. What have you been doing while I have been out? – We have been sitting here writing our homework , but it isn’t quite finished yet. = Чем вы тут занимаетесь, пока меня не было? – Мы здесь сидим и пишем домашнее задание, но оно еще не закончено.
19. My uncle has been working at the factory for twenty years. = Мой дядя работает на заводе двадцать лет.
20. They are tired because they have been working in the garden since early morning. = Они устали, так как они с раннего утра работают в саду.
21. The weather is fine today. The sun has been shining ever since we got up. = сегодня прекрасная погода. С того момента, как мы встали светит солнце.
22. My sister has been speaking over the telephone long enough. It is time for her to stop talking. = Моя сестра уже слишком долго говорит по телефону. Пора ей перестать болтать.
23. Dinner isn’t quite ready yet, although I have been cooking all morning. = Обед еще не готов, хотя я стряпаю все утро.
24. Ann should stop working so much; she has got a headache because she has been reading too long. = Анне надо перестать так много работать; у нее уже болит голова, потому что она очень много читает.
25. This student has been working at his English all the time and has already made great progress. = Этот студент все время занимается английским и уже добился больших успехов. |
0.999993 | Why is it always so hard to write about yourself? I think that society has conditioned us to list off a list of accomplishments because somehow we are defined by what we have done in a previous life—similar to the debate around how many championships an athlete has won.
David is always excited about the adventures ahead. He currently spends most of his time: 1) co-founding Sonix, a leading automated transcription company, 2) advising startups, 3) teaching fitness, and 4) meeting new people in all walks of life.
David recently served as the Head of Design and was Employee #1 at Gusto (formerly ZenPayroll), a world-class HR company building payroll and benefits software for small and medium businesses. David has started two previous companies and spent over 8 years helping small businesses market themselves through Internet advertising.
David holds an Electrical Engineering and an Economics degree from Stanford University.
In his spare time, David loves photography and specializes in portraiture, sports, and landscapes. You can see David running along the sidelines at Stanford football games photographing the action while rooting loudly for his alma mater.
David helps the Bay Area celebrate special moments: David professionally launches fireworks for the city of San Francisco. David also has been part of the confetti crew for celebrations including championship parades for the San Francisco Giants 2010, 2012, & 2014 and Golden State Warriors in 2015 & 2017.
David loves fitness and teaches spin and core classes at WheelHouse, a gym in the Financial District in San Francisco. You’ll usually find him riding his road bike through Marin during the summer and skiing in Tahoe during the winter.
David loves chocolate, ice cream, and particularly enjoys chocolate ice cream. |
0.948184 | The emerging computational grid infrastructure consists of widely distributed heterogeneous resources, which makes mapping of increasingly complex applications a very challenging task. Utility Management Systems (UMS) manage very large number of workflows with very high resource requirements and thereby optimization of resource utilization has to be adapted. In this work we propose architecture that implements a novel concept for dynamical execution of a scheduling algorithm using near real-time feedback from the execution monitoring process. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was trained for workflow scheduling. In the case study, we first perform experiments with same number of workflows and then introduce two additional in the system observing its behavior with and without proposed improvements. Performance tests show that significant improvements of overall execution time can be achieved by introducing adaptive Artificial Neural Network. |
0.99435 | If a teaching hospital loses funding, what is the next option?
Mergers of Teaching Hospitals in Boston, New York, and Northern California investigates the recent mergers of six of the nation's most respected teaching hospitals. The author explains the reasons why these institutions decided to change their governance and the factors that have allowed two of them to continue to operate while forcing the third to dissolve after only 23 months of operation.
The case studies contained within this book rely on an impressive amount of research. Notably, instead of citing only published articles and books, the author includes information from numerous, extensive personal interviews with key participants in the various mergers. With this research the author not only presents to the reader a picture of why these mergers came about, but also investigates how the organizations have fared since joining together. The mergers are analyzed and compared in order to identify various methods of merger formation as well as ways in which other newly formed hospitals might accomplish a variety of important goals.
Offering a spectacular account of some of the mergers that occurred in the health care field at the close of the twentieth century, these stories provide insight into academia's relationship with teaching hospitals and the challenges involved in bringing prestigious and powerful medical institutions together. The institutions discussed are Partners, the corporation which includes the Massachusetts General Hospital and the Brigham and Women's Hospital, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, the union of the New York and Presbyterian hospitals in New York City, and the UCSF Stanford, the merged teaching hospitals of the University of California, San Francisco and Stanford. This book will particularly appeal to professionals and academics interested in medicine, business, and organizational studies.
John Kastor is Professor of Medicine at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. From 1984 to 1997, he was Theodore E. Woodward Professor of Medicine and Chairman of the Department of Medicine at Maryland and Chief of the Medical Service at the University of Maryland Hospital. Dr. Kastor is also the author of Arrhythmias.
"Extremely well researched and highly accurate in details...an outstanding piece of scholarship...should be required reading for all deans and hospital and medical center directors."
"Like a social anthropologist, Kastor aggregated all of his minute, detailed observations across three different sites to form some powerful, well-grounded conclusions regarding hospital mergers. This is both a refreshing and welcome change. . ."
"This beautifully researched and written book describes the conditions that led to mergers of some the the U.S.A.'s top teaching hospitals. . . ."
". . . a very important book. It is meticulously researched, balanced in its analyses, and exceptionally well written. It is a timely volume that will appeal to all academics and professionals interested in medicine and medical administration, as viewed from the perspective of this unprecedented epoch in American health care history."
"In this detailed and very well written book, John Kastor dissects for us three important mergers of the mid- and late 1990s that involved six of the country's leading academic hospitals, which were closely allied to five distinguished medical schools. The details, and of course the people, differed, but each group believed that they could continue to do what they already did so well if they teamed up with a main competitor so as to face a hostile new world with greater strength. . . . [Kastor] was, as this book amply demonstrates, born to be an investigative journalist. . . . Suffice it to say that in many places the story is a gripping one."
"John Kastor penetrates the mysteries and mythologies surrounding the mergers and unmergers of some of America's most important teaching hospitals. In a scholarly, lucid, and incisive manner, he identifies the cultures, costs, and environmental issues which make a difference."
"[This] book should be required reading for those in academic medicine and should be used in case studies of various business schools."
"This is a fascinating history, a 'must read' for members of these institutions, anyone contemplating such mergers elsewhere, and officials charged with enforcing anti-trust laws."
"A fascinating glimpse into the marital difficulties encountered in three prominent teaching hospital mergers. Kastor tells us a great deal about the underlying values and forms of academic medicine in his careful examination of these case studies in the difficulties inherent in the mingling of institutional cultures."
"In this 'thick description' of three extremely important mergers of university hospitals, Dr. John Kastor gives a balanced voice to all participants but pulls no punches in his appraisal of what happened and why." |
0.999999 | Imagine you are an emergency services worker who has experienced a traumatic event or critical incident. This refers to any incident that causes emergency services personnel to experience unusually strong emotional reactions, which have the potential to interfere with their ability to function, either at the scene or later.
The signs and symptoms of a stress reaction may last a few days, a few weeks or a few months and occasionally longer, depending on the severity of the trauma.
Don't tell him he is "lucky it wasn't worse;" a traumatized person will probably not be consoled by those types of statements. Instead, tell him you are sorry such an event has occurred and you want to understand and assist. |
0.9849 | For the punctuation mark itself, see Number sign.
Chris Messina, the inventor of the hashtag.
The use of hashtags was first proposed by Chris Messina in a 2007 tweet that, although initially decried by Twitter as a "thing for nerds", eventually led to their use rapidly becoming widespread throughout the platform. Messina, who made no attempt to copyright the use because he felt "they were born of the internet, and owned by no one", has subsequently been cred as the godfather of the hashtag. By the end of the decade hashtags could be seen in most emerging as well as established social media platforms including Instagram, Facebook, Reddit, and YouTube — so much so that Instagram had to officially place a "30 hashtags" limit on its posts to prevent people from abusing their use, a limit which Instagrammers eventually circumvented by posting hashtags in the comments section of their posts. As of 2018 more than 85% of the top 50 websites by traffic on the Internet use hashtags and their use is highly common with millennials, Gen Z, politicians, influencers, and celebrities worldwide. Because of its widespread use, hashtag was added to the Oxford English Dictionary in June 2014. The term hashtag is also sometimes erroneously used to refer to the hash symbol itself when used in the context of a hashtag. Formal taxonomies can be developed from the folk taxonomy rendered machine-readable by the markup that hashtags provide; this process is called folksonomy.
The US pound sign, number sign or hash symbol "#" is often used in information technology to highlight a special meaning. ("Pound sign" in the UK means "£"; "#" is called hash, gate, and occasionally octothorpe.) In 1970, for example, the number sign was used to denote immediate address mode in the assembly language of the PDP-11 when placed next to a symbol or a number. In 1978, Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie used # in the C programming language for special keywords that had to be processed first by the C preprocessor. In the 1986 SGML standard, ISO 8879:1986 (q.v.), # is a reserved name indicator (rni) which precedes keyword syntactic literals, --e.g., the primitive content token #PCDATA, used for parsed character data.
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) approved in November 1988 recommendation E.161 that put the pound sign on the right side of the 0 in the 4 x 3 button arrangement for push buttons on telephones. This same arrangement is still used today in most software phones (see Android dialer for example). The ITU recommendation had 2 design options for the pound sign: a European version where the hash sign was built with a 90-degree angle and a North-American version with an 80-degree angle. The North-American version seems to have prevailed as most pound signs in Europe now follow the 80-degree inclination.
The pound sign was adopted for use within internet relay chat (IRC) networks circa 1988 to label groups and topics. Channels or topics that are available across an entire IRC network are prefixed with a hash symbol # (as opposed to those local to a server, which use an ampersand '&').
Internationally, the hashtag became a practice of writing style for Twitter posts during the 2009–2010 Iranian election protests; Twitter users inside and outside Iran used both English- and Persian-language hashtags in communications during the events.
The first published use of the term "hash tag" was in a blog post by Stowe Boyd, "Hash Tags = Twitter Groupings," on August 26, 2007, according to lexicographer Ben Zimmer, chair of the American Dialect Society's New Words Committee.
Beginning July 2, 2009, Twitter began to hyperlink all hashtags in tweets to Twitter search results for the hashtagged word (and for the standard spelling of commonly misspelled words). In 2010, Twitter introduced "Trending Topics" on the Twitter front page, displaying hashtags that are rapidly becoming popular. Twitter has an algorithm to tackle attempts to spam the trending list and ensure that hashtags trend naturally.
Although the hashtag started out most popularly on Twitter as the main social media platform for this use, the use has extended to other social media sites including Instagram, Facebook, Flickr, Tumblr, and Google+.
A hashtag must begin with a hash character followed by other characters, and is terminated by a space or end of message. It is always safe to precede the “#” with a space, and to include letters without diacritics, digits, and underscores. In many cases, other characters are also allowed, in particular, accented characters used in many languages, but handling may vary from one client to another and from time to time as standards evolve. A discussion of hashtag standards suggests that if #Romeo&Juliet is used, different Twitter clients might link to #Romeo, #Romeo&, or #Romeo&Juliet. Hashtags are not case sensitive; a search for “#hashtag” will find “#HashTag”. The use of embedded capitals (CamelCase) increases legibility and avoids confusion; a (real) pen shop would be advised to use #PenIsland rather than all lower-case. On microblogging and social networking sites hashtags can be inserted anywhere within a text, often at the beginning or the end, but also within the text, usually as a word (e.g. “It is #sunny today”).
Languages which do not use letters are handled slightly differently. In China, microblogs Sina Weibo and Tencent Weibo use a double-hashtag-delimited #HashName# format, since the lack of spacing between Chinese characters necessitates a closing tag. Twitter uses a different syntax for Chinese characters and orthographies with similar spacing conventions: the hashtag contains unspaced characters, separated from preceding and following text by spaces (e.g. '我 #爱 你' instead of '我#爱你') or by zero-width non-joiner characters before and after the hashtagged element, to retain a linguistically natural appearance (displaying as unspaced '我#爱你', but with invisible non-joiners delimiting the hashtag).
It is considered acceptable to tag a post once when contributing to a specific conversation. Two hashtags are considered acceptable when adding a location to the conversation. Three hashtags are seen by some as the "absolute maximum", and any contribution exceeding this risks "raising the ire of the community."
As well as frustrating other users, the misuse of hashtags can lead to account suspensions. Twitter warns that adding hashtags to unrelated tweets, or repeated use of the same hashtag without adding to a conversation, could cause an account to be filtered from search, or suspended.
Jimmy Fallon and Justin Timberlake performed a sketch parodying the often incorrect and misunderstood use of hashtags on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon in September 2013.
Hashtags intended for discussion of a particular event tend to use an obscure wording to avoid being caught up with generic conversations on similar subjects, such as a cake festival using #cakefestival rather than simply #cake. However, this can also make it difficult for topics to become "trending topics" because people often use different spelling or words to refer to the same topic. For topics to trend, there has to be a consensus, whether silent or stated, that the hashtag refers to that specific topic.
Television broadcasters such as Channel 4 have employed the hashtag during the transmission of programmes such as First Dates and The Undateables. Research has shown that audience numbers go up when individuals can be interactive by tweeting while viewing a programme.
Hashtags can be used on the social network Instagram, by posting a picture and hashtagging it with its subject. As an example, a photo of oneself and a friend posted to the social network can be hashtagged #bffl or #friends. Instagram has banned certain hashtags, some because they are too generic, such as #photography #iPhone #iphoneography, and therefore do not fulfill a purpose. They have also blocked hashtags that can be linked to illegal activities, such as drug use. The ban against certain hashtags has a consequential role in the way that particular subaltern communities are built and maintained on Instagram. Despite Instagram's content policies, users are finding creative ways of maintaining their practices and ultimately circumventing censorship.
Famous Youtube bloggers often use hashtags to promote their videos to a wide audience. Thus, by leaving various hashtags under the video, they are trying to increase their views and gain as many likes as possible. Usually, hashtags are left under the video itself in a special line. By clicking on the hashtag you go directly to the link to the video, which are similar in topic.
This can help express contextual cues or offer more depth to the information or message that appears with the hashtag. "My arms are getting darker by the minute. #toomuchfaketan". Another function of the hashtag can be used to express personal feelings and emotions. For example, with "It's Monday!! #excited #sarcasm" in which the adjectives are directly indicating the emotions of the speaker. It can also be used as a disclaimer of the information that the hashtag accompanies, as in, "BREAKING NEWS: US GDP growth is back! #kidding". In this case, the hashtag provides an essential piece of information in which the meaning of the utterance is changed entirely by the disclaimer hashtag. This may also be conveyed with #sarcasm, as in the previous example. Self-mockery is another informal function of the hashtag used by writers, as in this tweet: "Feeling great about myself till I met an old friend who now races at the Master's level. Yup, there's today's #lessoninhumility," where the informality of the hashtag provides commentary on the tweet itself.
The feature has been added to other, non-short-message-oriented services, such as the user comment systems on YouTube and Gawker Media. In the case of the latter, hashtags for blog comments and directly submitted comments were used to maintain a more constant rate of user activity even when paid employees were not logged into the website. Real-time search aggregators such as the former Google Real-Time Search also support hashtags in syndicated posts, meaning that hashtags inserted into Twitter posts can be hyperlinked to incoming posts falling under that same hashtag; this has further enabled a view of the "river" of Twitter posts that can result from search terms or hashtags.
The use of hashtags has extended to television—a concept that began rising in prominence in the early 2010s. Broadcasters may display a hashtag as an on-screen bug, encouraging viewers to participate in a backchannel of discussion via social media prior to, during, or after the program. Television commercials have sometimes contained hashtags for similar purposes. Hashtag bugs appear on either corner of the screen, or they may appear at the end of an advertisement.
While personalities associated with broadcasts, such as hosts and correspondents, also promote their corporate or personal Twitter usernames to receive mentions and replies to posts, usage of related or "branded" hashtags alongside Twitter usernames (e.g., #edshow as well as @edshow) is increasingly encouraged as a microblogging style to "trend" the hashtag (and, hence, the discussion topic) in Twitter and other search engines. Broadcasters also make use of such a style to index select posts for live broadcast. Chloe Sladden, Twitter's director of media partnerships, identified two types of television-formatted usage of hashtags: hashtags which identify a series being broadcast (i.e. #SunnyFX) and instantaneous, "temporary" hashtags issued by television personalities to gauge topical responses from viewers during broadcasts. Some have speculated that hashtags might take the place of (or co-exist with) the Nielsen television ratings system.
An example of trending "temporary" hashtags garnering viewers during broadcasts is observed on The Tonight Show with Jimmy Fallon, a variety talk show on NBC. Every Wednesday, Fallon hosts a segment on his show called "Tonight Show Hashtags," which engages viewers by inviting them via Twitter to post humorous stories based on a specific hashtag topic, such as #WhydidIsaythat, #Worstfirstdate, to #Onetimeinclass, reflecting on funny experiences in daily life. By using hashtags, Fallon creates a sense of community and solidarity among his viewers and draws a wider range of viewers through an online platform while they watch a classic, non-interactive television program. Because of its popularity, the "Tonight Show Hashtags" are usually the 'most tweeted hashtag' on Twitter, which promotes the show. By engaging viewers with a lighthearted subject and simple hashtags, Fallon can gauge topical responses from viewers during broadcasts and also use the hashtags to brand his show.
The increased usage of hashtags as brand promotion devices has been compared to the promotion of branded "keywords" by AOL in the late 1990s and early 2000s, as such keywords were also promoted at the end of television commercials and series episodes.
Some hashtags have become famous worldwide. For instance the slogan "Je suis Charlie," which was first used on Twitter as the hashtag #jesuischarlie and #iamcharlie to indicate solidarity with Charlie Hebdo offices attacked in Paris, spread to the internet at large.
Since February 2013 Twitter and American Express have collaborated to enable users to pay for discounted goods online by tweeting a special hashtag. American Express members can sync their card with Twitter and pay for offers by tweeting; American Express tweets a response to the member that confirms the purchase.
Organized real-world events have used hashtags and ad hoc lists for discussion and promotion among participants. Hashtags are used as beacons by event participants to find each other, both on Twitter and, in many cases, during actual physical events.
Political protests and campaigns in the early 2010s, such as #OccupyWallStreet and #LibyaFeb17, have been organized around hashtags or have made extensive usage of hashtags for the promotion of discussion. Hashtags have also been used to promote official events; the Finnish Ministry of Foreign Affairs officially titled the 2018 Russia–United States summit as the "#HELSINKI2018 Meeting".
Hashtags are often used by consumers on social media platforms to complain about the customer service experience with large companies. The term "bashtag" has been created to describe situations in which a user refers to a corporate social media hashtag to criticise the company or to tell others about poor customer service. For example, in January 2012, McDonald's created the #McDStories hashtag so that customers could share positive experiences about the restaurant chain. But, the marketing effort was cancelled after two hours when McDonald's received numerous complaint tweets rather than the positive stories they were anticipating.
The use of hashtags also reveals what feelings or sentiment an author attaches to a statement. This can range from the obvious, where a hashtag directly describes the state of mind, to the less obvious. For example, words in hashtags are the strongest predictor of whether or not a statement is sarcastic—a difficult AI problem.
The YouTuber Spencer FC used the hashtag for the name and crest of his YouTube-based association football team, Hashtag United F.C..
The hashtag is also used in reference to the name of performance action-sports brand, Hashtag Board Co.
Since the 2012–13 season, the National Basketball Association (NBA) has allowed fans to vote players in as All-Star Game starters on Twitter and Facebook using #NBAVOTE. The tweets and Facebook posts must include #NBAVOTE along with the player's first and last name or Twitter handle.
During the April 2011 Canadian party leader debate, Jack Layton, then-leader of the New Democratic Party, referred to Conservative Prime Minister Stephen Harper's crime policies as "a hashtag fail" (presumably #fail).
The term "hashtag rap", coined by Kanye West, was developed in the 2010s to describe a style of rapping which, according to Rizoh of the Houston Press, uses "three main ingredients: a metaphor, a pause, and a one-word punch line, often placed at the end of a rhyme". Rappers Nicki Minaj, Big Sean, Drake, and Lil Wayne are cred with the popularization of hashtag rap, while the style has been criticized by Ludacris, The Lonely Island, and various music writers.
Bird's Eye foods released in 2014 a shaped mashed potato food that included forms of @-symbols and hashtags, called "Mashtags".
Hashtags have been used verbally to make a humorous point in informal conversations, such as "I’m hashtag confused!" In August 2012, British journalist Tom Meltzer reported in The Guardian about a new hand gesture that mimicked the hashtag, sometimes called the "finger hashtag", in which both hands form a peace sign, and then the fingers are crossed to form the symbol of a hashtag. The emerging gesture was reported about in Wired by Nimrod Kamer, and during 2013, it was seen on TV as used by Jimmy Fallon, and on The Colbert Report, among other programs. Writing in 2015, Paola Maria Caleff considered this usage a fad, but noted that people talking the way that they write was a consequence of computer-mediated communication.
Hashflags: In 2010, Twitter introduced "hashflags" during the 2010 World Cup in South Africa. They reintroduced the feature on June 10, 2014, in time for the 2014 World Cup in Brazil, and then again on April 10, 2015, with UK political party logos for the 2015 UK General Election. When a user tweets a hashtag consisting of the three letter country code of any of the 32 countries represented in the tournament, Twitter automatically embeds a flag emoticon for that country. A similar system was implemented for the 2015 Eurovision Song Contest in Vienna, Austria.
Cashtags: In 2009, StockTwits used ticker symbols preceded by the dollar sign to create "cashtags". In July 2012, Twitter adapted the hashtag style to make company ticker symbols preceded by the dollar sign clickable (as in $AAPL), a method that Twitter dubbed the "cashtag". This is intended to allow users to search posts discussing companies and their stocks. This is also used for discussion of currency pairings on Twitter, e.g. using #USDGBP or $USDGBP, when mentioning the US Dollar's level expressed in Pounds Sterling.
Mentioning a user's profile by using @ tagging in blogging.
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hashtags. |
0.999951 | The victors of war write its history in order to cast themselves in the most favorable light. That explains the considerable historical ignorance about our war of 1861 and panic over the Confederate flag. To create better understanding, we have to start a bit before the 1787 Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia.
The 1783 Treaty of Paris ended the war between the colonies and Great Britain. Its first article declared the 13 colonies "to be free, sovereign and independent states." These 13 sovereign nations came together in 1787 as principals and created the federal government as their agent. Principals have always held the right to fire agents. In other words, states held a right to withdraw from the pact -- secede.
During the 1787 Constitutional Convention, a proposal was made that would allow the federal government to suppress a seceding state. James Madison rejected it, saying, "A union of the states containing such an ingredient seemed to provide for its own destruction. The use of force against a state would look more like a declaration of war than an infliction of punishment and would probably be considered by the party attacked as a dissolution of all previous compacts by which it might be bound."
In fact, the ratification documents of Virginia, New York and Rhode Island explicitly said they held the right to resume powers delegated should the federal government become abusive of those powers. The Constitution never would have been ratified if states thought they could not regain their sovereignty -- in a word, secede.
On March 2, 1861, after seven states seceded and two days before Abraham Lincoln's inauguration, Sen. James R. Doolittle of Wisconsin proposed a constitutional amendment that read, "No state or any part thereof, heretofore admitted or hereafter admitted into the union, shall have the power to withdraw from the jurisdiction of the United States."
Several months earlier, Reps. Daniel E. Sickles of New York, Thomas B. Florence of Pennsylvania and Otis S. Ferry of Connecticut proposed a constitutional amendment to prohibit secession. Here's a question for the reader: Would there have been any point to offering these amendments if secession were already unconstitutional?
Both Northern Democratic and Republican Parties favored allowing the South to secede in peace. Just about every major Northern newspaper editorialized in favor of the South's right to secede. New York Tribune (Feb. 5, 1860): "If tyranny and despotism justified the Revolution of 1776, then we do not see why it would not justify the secession of Five Millions of Southrons from the Federal Union in 1861." Detroit Free Press (Feb. 19, 1861): "An attempt to subjugate the seceded states, even if successful, could produce nothing but evil -- evil unmitigated in character and appalling in content." The New York Times (March 21, 1861): "There is growing sentiment throughout the North in favor of letting the Gulf States go."
The War of 1861 settled the issue of secession through brute force that cost 600,000 American lives. We Americans celebrate Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg Address, but H.L. Mencken correctly evaluated the speech: "It is poetry, not logic; beauty, not sense." Lincoln said the soldiers sacrificed their lives "to the cause of self-determination -- that government of the people, by the people, for the people should not perish from the earth." Mencken says: "It is difficult to imagine anything more untrue. The Union soldiers in the battle actually fought against self-determination; it was the Confederates who fought for the right of people to govern themselves."
The War of 1861 brutally established that states could not secede. We are still living with its effects. Because states cannot secede, the federal government can run roughshod over the U.S. Constitution's limitations of the Ninth and Tenth Amendments. States have little or no response. |
0.938935 | Tanwetamani (Assyrian Tandamane or Tantamani, Greek Tementhes, also known as Tanutamun) was Egypt's last ruler of the 25th Dynasty as well as the last Nubain (Kushite) Ruler, ruling from about 664 to 657 BC. We are told his throne name was Ba-ka-re, meaning "Glorious is the Soul of Re". He succeeded Taharqa, though he was probably the son of that king's sister, queen Qalhata. His succession to the throne is recorded in a record known as the Dream Stela, not to be confused with that of Tuthmosis IV. It was discovered along with the Victory Stela of Piye at Gebel Barkal in 1862, and now resides in the Nubian Museum in Aswan.
Tanwetamani may have served as a co-regent with Taharqa, but his parentage and family relationships are difficult. From his stela we find depicted two women, one of whom is referred to as "the royal sister, the Mistress of Egypt, Qalhata", while the other is "the royal sister, the Mistress of Ta-Seti, Pi-(ankh)-Arty". An analysis of the text associated with the stela would seem to indicate that Qalhata was Tanwetamani's mother, while the second woman was his wife. The fact that Qalhata was his mother is also supported by her tomb at Nuri in the modern Sudan, where she is given the title of "King's Mother". Foundation deposits also show that the tomb was build during the reign of Tanwetamani.
Therefore, most recent histories which discuss the 25th dynasty identify Tanwetamani (Urdamani) as a son of Shabataka, Taharqa's brother, not of his uncle Shabaka as the Rassam cylinder annalist appears to suggest.. The errant orthography can be explained by the fact that the name Shabaka is more properly vocalized as Shebitku. If so then the "t" in the doubled consonant "tk" in the name of Shebitku would easily be lost to a foreign ear. The annalist wrote what he heard and recorded Shabataku instead of Shabitku.
In the narrative of his stela, the king is referred to as "lord of valor like Montu, great of strength like a fierce-eyed lion". It goes on to explain that in the first year of his reign, Tanwetamani had a dream of two serpents, one on his right hand and one on his left. After waking, the king's advisors interpreted the dream, saying that, "the southland is already thin, seize the northland". Hence, he should bring Egypt back under control of the Kushite empire. After this passage, another states that Tanwetamani then "rose on the throne of Horus", a term which may be interpreted as his having ascended the throne. This is the primary evidence we have for his co-regency with Taharqa, but we are also told that Assyrian text provides that he did not do so until after Taharqa's death.
We assume that at the time of his accession, Tanwetamani was most likely inside Egypt proper, for the text on the stela states that "he went from where he was to Napata (Nubia), and there was none who stood up to oppose him". Hence, he went to the Temple of Amun and was acknowledged as god and king.
"the sons of revolt rushed forth to fight against his majesty. His majesty made a great slaughter amongst them, and it was not know how many of them were killed."
Nekau of Sais may have been killed in this battle, but his son, Psamtek, who was loyal to the Assyrians fled to Asia. After this victory, Tanwetamani honored the God, Ptah-Sokar and his wife Sakhmet in the great temple of Memphis, and afterwards ordered the building of a chapel dedicated to Amun at Napata in Nubia. The temple, we know, was to be built of stone overlaid with gold, sections of cedar wood and the leaves of the door plated with electrum. This temple may be associated with parts of the great temple of Amun at Gebel Barkal.
His majesty said, 'Where are they at this moment?' They said 'They wait standing in the court.' Then his majesty went forth from his house and his appearance was like the shining of Re upon the horizon, and he found them prostrate upon their bellies, smelling the earth before him."
"Will you fare better than No-Amon? - She that lay by the streams of the Nile, surrounded by water, whose rampart was the Nile, waters her wall; Kush and Egypt were her strength, and it was boundless. Punt and the Libyans brought her help. Yet she to became an exile and went into captivity. Her infants too were dashed to the ground at every street corner. Her nobles were shared out by lot, and all her great men were thrown into chains."
Interestingly, Tanwetamani seems to have continued to be acknowledged as pharaoh in Thebes until his eighth year. There are inscriptions at Luxor that date the installation of priests by his name and the Kushites still maintained a large official presence in the city. Piye's daughter, Shepenwepet II we know as God's Wife of Amun, with Taharqa's daughter, Amenirdis II as her designated successor. Even in year none of Tanwetamani's reign, his cousin remained the High Priest of Amun, and we have other evidence of the Kushite's continued power within the region.
It is possible that Tanwetamani one again tried to assert control over Egypt, though the evidence is slight. In a brief passage in the work of Polyaenus from a 2nd Century (AD) text, we hear of a later battle near the temple of Isis at Memphis that may have involved Tanwetamani. He states that Psamtik, aided by Carian mercenary troops, defeated "Tementhes". A few Egyptologist believe, based on a hellenistic Jewish source, that Tanwetamani may have even retaken Memphis, but much of this is conjecture.
In any case, Tanwetamani probably continued to rule in Nubia for at least a few more years, and was buried in the necropolis at Nuri. |
0.997742 | ALLOW me to share a true story with you. June this year, our family were on a holiday tour across the United States.
One day, we decided to go for a swim in a large lake in Angola, Indiana, which is about 25 feet deep.
Our friends took us on a boat with all the safety gear and anchored our boat in the middle of the lake. My wife and children along with our friends were playing in the water with lifesaving floaters on.
I decided to show off to my family that I can swim. I threw the lifesaving floater at a distance near my family and jumped off the boat and began to swim towards my floater. Seeing that I could swim, my daughter jokingly took my lifesaving floater and threw further away to make me swim more. But in my mind, my security was gone and I began to panic and frantically swim towards the floater.
Because of the frantic pace at which I was swimming, the floater began to drift further away from me. The more energy I took to reach the floater, the more tired and weary I became and the further it drifted away from me.
On looking back, I realised that I had gone so far away from my boat and my family. Immediately, fear took a hold of my life! I started panicking and had this horrifying feeling that I was going to drown and die.
In the panic of it all I had unknowingly collected my lifesaving floater, but never realised it. I continued to believe that I was going to die and began to scream for help, until a friend of ours on the boat at a further distance yelled to me, "James, relax you have the lifesaving floaters on you."
Immediately, I began to rest and relax. Consequently, my fear was removed from my mind and I was floating in the water safe and well. To be honest with you, and to my embarrassment, I was so tired from this episode and a 14-year-old girl had to come and help me get to the boat.
Isn't this experience the reality of our everyday life in this world? We are bombarded with news of conflicts, natural disasters, diseases and new strains of drug-resistant viruses. We also hear of people losing their loved ones in freak accidents.
And we feel so tired and weary with this sinking feeling that I am not going to make it through in life and that I am going to die. And we ask ourselves, "Is there a place where I can take refuge fromm a world gone mad?"
The truth, my dear friends is, yes, there is! God foresaw all these things and He has promised in His Word protection from every evil known to man. There is no trap set by the devil that our Father God cannot deliver us from, if we trust in Him and take Him as our refuge. That is His promise in Psalm 91:1-2 "He who dwells in the secret place of the Most High shall abide under the shadow of the Almighty. I will say of the Lord, "He is my refuge and my fortress; my God, in Him I will trust."
Whether it is an earthquake at midnight, a crazy sniper, an unknown virus or a terrorist attack at noonday, God says, "You shall not be afraid of the terror by night, nor of the arrow that flies by day, nor of the pestilence that walks in darkness, nor of the destruction that lays waste at noonday." (Psalm 91: 5-6).
Because you have made Him your dwelling place, angels are watching over you right now (Psalm 91: 9-11). They give heed to the voice of God's Word, so you should give voice to God's Word. This means that you should agree with and speak what God's Word says about His preservation and protection over your life. Then, angels are sent to minister to you (Hebrews 1:14).
My friend, don't say, "If it can happen to them, it can also happen to me!" Instead say, "A thousand may fall at my side and 10,000 at my right hand, but it will not come near me!" (Psalm 91:7) The world says that there is danger everywhere. God says, "You are in this world but not of this world. You have My protection because you are of Me and in Me" (John 17: 14-23).
You have access by faith (Jesus Christ) into the secret place of the Most High where no evil can touch you. There is no need to fear living in the end times because the Lord is your refuge and your fortress. His Word says so. And those who trust His Word completely find His Word completely true! Rest and relax, your lifesaving floater is on you and you are in Him.
Rev. James Chacko, the senior pastor of LifeBridge Worship Centre in Chandigarh, is pursuing Ph.D. in theology from the Centre for Religious Studies at Punjabi University, Patiala.
A PRIMARY qualification for serving God with any amount of success, and for doing God's work well and triumphantly, is a sense of our own weakness.
When God's warrior marches forth to battle, strong in his own might, when he boasts, "I know that I shall conquer, my own right arm and my conquering sword shall get unto me the victory", defeat is not far distant.
God will not go forth with that man who marches in his own strength. He who reckoneth on victory thus has reckoned wrongly, for 'it is not by might, nor by power, but by my Spirit, said the Lord of hosts'.
They who go forth to fight, boasting of their prowess, shall return with their gay banners trailed in the dust, and their armour stained with disgrace. Those who serve God must serve Him in His own way, and in His strength, or He will never accept their service.
That which man doth, unaided by divine strength, God can never own. The mere fruits of the earth He casteth away; He will only reap that corn, the seed of which was sown from heaven, watered by grace, and ripened by the sun of divine love.
God will empty out all that thou hast before He will put His own into thee; He will first clean out thy granaries before He will fill them with the finest of the wheat.
The river of God is full of water; but not one drop of it flows from earthly springs. God will have no strength used in His battles but the strength which He Himself imparts. Are you mourning over your own weakness?
Take courage, for there must be a consciousness of weakness before the Lord will give thee victory. Your emptiness is but the preparation for your being filled, and your casting down is but the making ready for your lifting up.
PEACE I leave with you, My peace I give to you ... Let not your heart be troubled, neither let it be afraid."
The night before Jesus died, He gave His peace to His disciples -- "Peace I leave with you, My peace I give to you..." This peace was not just for His disciples, but also for us today. We have His peace.
The moment you believe in Jesus Christ, He who is the Prince of Peace comes to live inside you. And when the Prince of Peace resides in you, every blessing that you will ever need pertaining to your soundness and wholeness is already inside you.
"Pastor James, if this is true, then why do I still see problems in my health, finances, family and relationships?"
The answer is a troubled heart. That is why after Jesus said, "Peace I leave with you," He said, "Let not your heart be troubled, neither let it be afraid."
A troubled and fearful heart works like fingers that clamp down hard on a water hose. The supply of water is flowing from the tap, but little or nothing is coming out at the other end of the hose.
God's ever-present supply of blessings toward you is like the water flowing freely from the tap. But you don't see the blessings when you allow your heart to be gripped by worry or fear.
So my child's healing is accomplished. My marriage is blessed. My debts are cleared. I will let not my heart be troubled by these things."
Beloved, I cannot "let not" for you. Your family and friends cannot "let not" for you. Only you can "let not your heart be troubled". So guard your heart from being troubled. You don't have to guard your career, reputation, children or even health. When you guard your heart, God will guard everything else for you!
Rev. James Chacko is the senior minister at LifeBridge Worship Centre in Chandigarh and pursuing Ph.D. in theology from the Centre for Religious Studies, Punjabi University, Patiala. |
0.999772 | As the word "binomial" suggests, the scientific name of a species is formed by the combination of two terms: the genus name and the species descriptor.
The adoption of a system of binomial nomenclature is due to Swedish botanist and physician Carolus Linnaeus (1707–1778) who attempted to describe the entire known natural world and gave every species (mineral, vegetable or animal) a two-part name.
However, binomial nomenclature in various forms existed before Linnaeus, and was used by the Bauhins, who lived nearly two hundred years before Linnaeus.
As the word 'binomial' suggests, the scientific name of each organism is actually the combination of two names: the genus and the species (as epithet).
Nomenclature intends to keep names stable, but quite often this is not true: an organism may have several names, reflecting different rank and position in taxonomy, depending on opinion (see synonymy[?]), conservation[?] according to nomenclature codes[?], and new findings based on molecular phylogeny.
Nomenclature must acknowledge the achievement of scientists who were first to name a taxon.
As the word 'binomial' suggests, the scientific name of a species is formed by the combination of two terms: the genus name and the species epithet or descriptor.
It is a common misconception that Linnaeus also invented binomial nomenclature; in fact it dates back to the Bauhins, who lived nearly 200 years before Linnaeus.
He was, however, the first to systematize and popularize binomial nomenclature, and it is only one aspect of his systematical achievements or misachievements (such as oversimplifying fungal systematics).
Binomial name Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758 The Wolf or Grey Wolf (Canis lupus) is a mammal of the Canidae family and the ancestor of the domestic dog.
Binomial name Escherichia coli T. Escherich, 1885 E. coli at 10,000x magnification Escherichia coli, usually abbreviated to E. coli, discovered by Theodor Escherich, a pediatrician and bacteriologist, is one of the main species of bacteria that live in the lower intestines of warm-blooded animals, including birds and mammals.
Binomial name Escherichia coli T. Escherich, 1885 Escherichia coli (usually abbreviated to E. coli) is one of the main species of bacteria that live in the lower intestines of warm-blooded animals (including birds and mammals) and are necessary for the proper digestion of food.
The greatest innovation of Linnaeus, and still the most important aspect of this system, is the general use of binomial nomenclature, the combination of a genus name and a single specific epithet ("sapiens" in the example above), to uniquely identify each species of organism.
This uniqueness and stability are, of course, a result of the acceptance by working systematists (biologists specializing in taxonomy); not merely of the binomial nomenclature in itself, but of much more complex codes of rules and procedures governing the use of these names.
These rules—or at least those governing the nomenclature and classification of plants and fungi—are contained in the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, maintained by the International Association for Plant Taxonomy.
The present system of binomial nomenclature identifies each species by a scientific name of two words, Latin in form and usually derived from Greek or Latin roots.
There are two international organizations for the determination of the rules of nomenclature and the recording of specific names, one for zoology and one for botany.
According to the rules they have established, the first name to be published (from the work of Linnaeus on) is the correct name of any organism unless it is reclassified in such a way as to affect that name (for example, if it is moved from one genus to another).
The binomial nomenclature is not only more precise and standardized; it also relates plants together, thus adding much interest and information in the name.
Binomial Classification Early on in naming species taxonomists realized that there would have to be a universal system of nomenclature.
Binomial classification in its simplest form is a way of naming a species by means of two names both in Latin.
The Swedish scientist, Carolus von Linnaeus, is credited with introducing binomial nomenclature and hierarchical classification as an organized way of naming and describing organisms and their relationships to one another.
Binomial nomenclature refers to the use of a two-part name for each species (one name designating genus and one designating species).
In the binomial system, genus is always a noun, underlined (or italicized), and capitalized; species is a descriptive term, underlined (or italicized), and not capitalized.
Binomial nomenclature is the most common naming convention used for organisms.
Binomials are far more useful than common or regional names, which as their name implies, vary substantially, and they are often descriptive.
For instance, the binomial for a type of tremalale, Pseudohydnum gelatinosa, is marvelously descriptive, meaning: "gelatinous false-tooth" which admirably describes this organism.
One of his principle contributions was the taxonomic system of binomial nomenclature.
Binomial nomenclature consists of the two Latin names given to an organism.
Even though Linnaeus was not (?) the first to use the binomial naming system, he was the first to use it frequently enough for the system to be accepted and used more often by scientists everywhere.
Learn more about Binomial nomenclature in the online encyclopedia.
A species can be further divided into any of subspecies, variety, subvariety or form.
In particular, when species are transferred between genera (as not uncommonly happens as a result of new knowledge), whereever possible species names are kept the same.
The first is the taxonomic system called binomial nomenclature and the second is the more flexible horticultural classification system.
Binomial nomenclature can be extended below the species level (infraspecific classification), by including the ranks of subspecies (subsp.) and variety (var.).
Binomial nomenclature has been very successful in cataloguing the world's biodiversity, but its use below the species level may not always be appropriate for cultivated plants.
Nomenclatural stability is a widely stated objective of taxonomy, but the Linnaean binomial system is not well suited to promote stability of species names.
Transition to a system of hyphenated uninomials would not be traumatic if the uninomials were based on currently accepted binomials and utilized the same types.
Hyphenated uninomials would be compatible with both the rank-based system of nomenclature represented by the ICBN and the rankless phylogenetic nomenclature proposed by de Queiroz and Gauthier.
There are three main Codes of Nomenclature: the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, covering animals; the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, covering plants (including fungi); and the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria.
Hugh Strickland presented a Code of nomenclature to the British Association for the Advancement of Science (Charles Darwin was on its committee).
The Commission of Zoological Nomenclature decide that an available name is never to be used as a valid name despite the fact that it might be a senior synonym or homonym.
The genus is typically capitalized, while the species isn't; both are typeset in italics.
Nomenclature intends to keep names stable, but quite often this isn't true: an organism may have several names, reflecting different rank and position in taxonomy, depending on opinion (see synonymy[?]), conservation[?] according to nomenclature codes[?], and new findings based on molecular phylogeny.
For example, the ICBN plant nomenclature doesn't allow tautonymy, whereas the ICZN animal code allows it.
nomenclature - "binomial" because each organism has two names that identify it uniquely, and "nomenclature" because it sounds cool.
Rose is called, in binomial nomenclature, Rosa carolina.
There is naturally occurring double form of this rose, and its scientific name is Rosa carolina plena ("plena" from the Lain word meaning "full.") Rosa carolina plena is called a variety, and should probably be written Rosa carolina var.
In zoological works genus-group names cited in binomial names of species are often abbreviated to one or two letters, which should always be followed by a full stop, and not used on the first mention of a name; similarly for specific names cited in trinomial names of subspecies.
the nomenclatural act of an author or the Commission in fixing, by an express statement, the name-bearing type of a newly or previously established nominal genus, subgenus, species, or subspecies.
the level, for nomenclatural purposes, of a taxon in a taxonomic hierarchy (e.g.
Binomial nomenclature is also referred to as the latin or scientific name.
A species is also a group of plants that can be readily distinguished from other plants based on physical appearance but, because plants are so variable, species can be broken down into subspecies and varieties, because sometimes plants that look different can actually interbreed.
Binomial nomenclature refers to the two part name of each species.
Names that were not included in the APPROVED LISTS of 1980 lost standing in bacterial nomenclature.
word name, called a scientific name.
Binomial nomenclature gives every organism a two-word name called a scientific name.
binomial nomenclature classify families genus kingdoms orders phyla species classes taxonomy traits The branch of biology that classifies living things is called _____________.
In botanical nomenclature, the authors are given in taxonomic monographs, and if a name is changed, both the original author (in parentheses) and the revising author are named.
For an extensive and growing list and description of biodiversity, organized in the context of the evolutionary tree, see The Tree of Life.
Definitions and Abbreviations for an index of rules for bacterial nomenclature.
As a result, the examples in the current version use binomials governed by the rank-based codes when species names are cited in the phylogenetic definitions of clade names.
The ISPN membership will elect the Committee on Phylogenetic Nomenclature, the responsibilities of which are explained in Art.
We are grateful to Richard Piccard, Academic Technology Manager in Computer Services at Ohio University, for technical support, and to Andy Anderson for preparing the downloadable MS-Word and PDF files for the April 2000 draft.
One area of horticulture which continually seems to intimidate many students of the discipline is the language of horticulture, binomial nomenclature.
Obviously more specific information is needed and this is where binomial nomenclature, also called the botanical or scientific name, comes in.
Adherence to the simple rules of binomial nomenclature will produce greater consistency and reliability in the nursery, floriculture, and landscape industries. |
0.999962 | Atlantis is the subject of a legend about an advanced island civilization that was destroyed or lost. Stories about Atlantis are first mentioned in Plato's dialogues Timaeus and Critias, in which characters say it was destroyed by an earthquake or a tsunami about 9,000 years before the time in which Plato wrote. The story claims Atlantis was somewhere outside the Pillars of Hercules. According to Plato, the story originated with Ancient Egyptian priests.
Some people believe that the stories are fictions made up to serve the purposes of Plato's dialogs. But others take them as if they were serious historical accounts.
There have been dozens — perhaps hundreds — of locations proposed for the classical Atlantis. Some are more-or-less serious attempts at legitimate scholarly or archaeological works; others have been made by psychic or other pseudoscientific means. As continental drift became better understood and accepted during the 1950s, most "Lost Continent" theories of Atlantis have been proven conclusively false.
Some cultures have "lost civilization" myths. In some cases, it has been argued that there is a common historical event or real "lost civilization" at the root of some or all of these legends, but there is considerable disagreement between the competing hypotheses. It may be that these legends have arisen from many different historical events, and are only just now being associated by modern theorizers because of their similarity. It may also be that these legends are entirely fictional, but for some reason have arisen and remained popular in many different cultures at different times.
by Athanasius Kircher, Amsterdam 1665.
How do we know about Atlantis?
Timaeus and Critias, two of Plato's dialogues, are the only existing written records which specifically refer to Atlantis.
The dialogues are conversations between Socrates, Hermocrates, Timaeus, and Critias. Apparently in response to a prior talk by Socrates about ideal societies, Timaeus and Critias agree to entertain Socrates with a tale that is "not a fiction but a true story."
The story is about the conflict between the ancient Athenians and the Atlantians 9000 years before Plato's time.
Knowledge of the distant past apparently forgotten to the Athenians of Plato's day, the story of Atlantis was conveyed to Solon by Egyptian priests. Solon passed the tale to Dropides, the great-grandfather of Critias. Critias learned of it from his grandfather also named Critias, son of Dropides.
Edgar Cayce predicted the discovery of an Atlantean "Hall of Records"
the right, front paw of the Sphinx.
The following segment was taken from Cayce, Edgar "On Atlantis" New York: Warner Books, 1968.
...[the entity] was among the first to set the records that are yet to be discovered or yet to be had of those activities in the Atlantean land, and for the preservation of data that is yet to be found from the chambers of the way between the Sphinx and the pyramid of records.
Q.2: Give in detail what the sealed room contains.
New York: Warner Books, 1968.
Nearly twenty-four hundred years ago, the Athenian philosopher Plato penned one of the most controversial and tantalising stories ever written. Once upon a time, he said, there had existed a magnificent seafaring civilisation which had attempted to take over the world, but had perished when its island sank into the sea – the result of an unbearable cataclysm of earthquakes and floods.
This civilisation had been called Atlantis, and it had heralded from the Atlantic Ocean, taking its name from the god Atlas who presided over the depths of the sea. Its main island had sunk some nine thousand years before the time of Solon, circa 9600 BC by our modern-day system of reckoning. The puzzle of Atlantis is this. On the one hand, Plato was adamant that the island had sunk in the Atlantic Ocean, and equally adamant that the story was absolutely true.
And yet, on the other hand, modern scientists have mapped the floor of the Atlantic Ocean, using echo sounders, ‘Geosat’ radar and multibeam sonar, and found no trace whatsoever of any sunken island. The result is a deadlock on how to decipher the story. Some argue that it is a myth, of uncertain meaning. Others argue that it is a moral and political fable. And others, still, continue to argue that it is pure history, and that Plato simply got his geographical facts wrong.
Atlantis started with Plato and in his hands it was never a supercivilization of the sort conjectured by later authors; perhaps in strictly Greek terms it was no civilization at all but rather a fatally luxurious elaboration of an essentially barbarian way of life, for all its inception by a god. At all events, it was no seminal civilization: it wasn't the fons et origo of all later civilizations in the world, indeed Athens was its independent contemporary. Both Atlantis and old Athens were, for Plato, but episodes in the ever ongoing cycle of catastrophes and renewals that he saw as the most rational and scientific interpretation to which the world of human experience could be subjected. For him, science and religion were quite bound up together, so that the natural catastrophes were at the same time eras in which the divine light was withdrawn from the world and the equally natural renewals were times when it returned. So rational and obviously true was this scheme of things to Plato that the "problem" of the real historical location and fate of Atlantis that has exercised so many writers after him would have left him cold, or perhaps amused to think of what he had started. We quoted early in this book several passages of Plato to show how he handled stories in his works.
Time and time again the vessel shattered against the fury of the “wandering stones”, and for as many times men stubbornly restarted weaving the thread of their everlasting wander.
Obscure Penelopes of the knowledge, stimulated by an unequalled curiosity, they wanted to tear open the veil that divides the cave from the light, breaking the archaic code of prohibitions, whilst placing themselves as the sole part of becoming.
On one side strength, on the other the longing for knowledge. On one side the old world of Atlantis and of Dorian conquerors, on the other the innovation introduced by the fullness and dignity of the symbolic universe of Hellenics. So there are the Pillars of Hercules… and there is Odysseus. There is taboo… and there is the ancient dream of man.
For us, today, the outermost frontier is represented by the cosmos… our ancestors found such frontier on the dark wave next to the farthest barrier of that which was in those times their sensible universe: at that time, an inviolate and inexplicable sea.
Read the entire article [PDF] on Atlantis: Dr.Rosario Vieni - "11,500 years ago ... "
The following 4 segments contain excerpts from the full length articles listed below.
"This is probably the greatest discovery in World history", was stated by Maxine Asher, the co-director of a scientific expedition that found Atlantis at the bottom of the ocean, reported United Press International and major newspapers in the United States during the summer of 1973. UPI continued that "Maxine Asher said that scuba divers found data to prove the existence of the super-civilization which legend says sank beneath the sea thousands of years ago". "The divers had found evidence of roads and large columns, some with concentric spiral motifs, in the exact place described by the Greek philosopher Plato".
"The group of some 70 scientists, teachers and adventurers was endorsed by Pepperdine University in Los Angeles, California."
The document "History of the Golden Ages" reveals over 30 ruins including pyramids, domes, paved roads, rectangular buildings, columns, canals and artifacts that have been found on the ocean bottoms from the Bahamas to the nearby coasts of Europe and Africa, referencing the vast size of the lost continent.
Dozens of historians and famous writers wrote about the Atlantis they believed existed, how the Myans and Aztecs had told their conquerors that they came from Atlantis and Mu, about ancient tablets photographed in Peru showing those two lost continents, Atlantis and Lemuria, and ancient maps clearly showing Atlantis.
A pyramid explored by Dr Ray Brown on the sea floor off the Bahamas in 1970. Brown was accompanied by 4 divers who also found roads, domes, rectangular buildings, unidentified metallic instruments, and a statue holding a "mysterious" crystal containing miniature pyramids. The metal devices and crystals were taken to Florida for analysis at a university there. What was discovered was that the crystal amplified energy that passed through it.
Ruins of roads and buildings found off Binini Island in the 1960's by the photographed and published expeditions of Dr Mansan Valentine. Similar ruins were also photographed off Cay Sal in the Bahamas. Similar underwater ruins were found off Morocco and photographed 50 to 60 feet underwater.
A huge 11 room pyramid found 10,000 feet under water in the mid Atlantic Ocean with a huge crystal top, as reported by Tony Benlk.
A 1977 report of a huge pyramid found off Cay Sal in the Bahamas, photographed by Ari Marshall's expedition, about 150 feet underwater. The pyramid was about 650 feet high. Mysteriously the surrounding water was lit by sparkling white water flowing out of the openings in the pyramid and surrounded by green water, instead of the black water everywhere else at that depth.
A sunken city about 400 miles off Portugal found by Soviet expeditions led by Boris Asturua, with buildings made of extremely strong concrete and plastics. He said "the remains of streets suggests the use of monorails for transportation". He also brought up a statue.
A marble acropolis underwater across five acres of fluted columns raised on pillars.
Heinrich Schilemann, the man who found and excavated the famous ruins of Troy (which historians thought was only a legend), reportedly left a written account of his discovery of a bronze vase with a metal unknown to scientists who examined it, in the famous Priam Treasure. Inside it are glyphs in Phoenician stating that it was from King Chronos of Atlantis. Identical pottery was found in Tiajuanaco, Bolivia.
Many other examples of roads, buildings and columns are available, many of them made with materials not available in their areas.
Many ancient maps are also known to have Atlantis on them, including the ancient Greek ones studied by Christopher Columbus before he set sail for America.
Ancient writings from the Aztecs, Myans, Greeks, Egyptians, Spain, India, Tibet, and islands in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans all speak of ancient sunken continents and their connection to them.
Human footprints and shoe prints, a perfectly engineered cube, jewelry, a prehistoric animal with a hole in its skull that scientists admit only a bullet could make, a remnant of a screw, and other modern artifacts have been found in layered rock strata geologists admit formed on these objects MILLIONS of years ago. All of these discoveries were printed in public daily newspapers when they occurred, and left out of history books simply because historians could not explain them with THEIR theories.
Firstly, it's important to point out that Atlantis was not the only continent from ancient times that sank beneath the waves. There was the huge continent of Lemuria which also incorporated other countries like Mu and Mar in the Pacific Ocean, and Lumania in the Indian Ocean. Remnants of the lost continents may still be seen as the peaks of their mountains make small islands in the middle of vast oceans - Easter Island is thought to be a remnant of Lemuria and still bears the great stone statues, though only their heads are showing above the ground.
There were also the lands of Thule and Hyperborea in the north, which are believed to be sunk below what is now the north pole. There is also information about this land at the north pole continuing to exist today on a fourth dimensional level - but that's another story. Also the land which is now at the south pole was also thought to be once inhabited when it was a tropical land.
The story of how these various continents became inhabited with highly advanced civilizations is a fascinating one, but after many thousands of years it all came to an end for the last time around 11,500 years ago with dramatic planetary events which sank and shifted continents and covered much of the earth with water. Clues to the history on earth before our own recently recorded history can be found in the Sumerian texts.
So who were the Atlanteans and how did they live? The following information has been gathered from various sources for a very brief introduction. I recommend that you read the original documents for more in-depth information [linked at the bottom of the page].
The original Atlanteans were of extra-terrestrial origin and came to earth over 50 thousand years ago. They were of human shape, but not modern earth humans as we are. They were very tall and fair skinned and probably originated from the Lyrian star system. They are also known as the Elohim or Annunaki and their story is hidden in the texts of Genesis. They had life spans of around 800 years and are known in some texts as 'the tall ones'.
Most all ancient civilizations believed in the Titans, the race of giant humans that inhabited Earth long ago. Different races knew them by different names. These 7 to 12 foot humanoids were thought to be legendary until the excavation of over a dozen skeletons 8 to 12 feet tall, around the world, shocked archaeologists. The Spanish Conquistadors left diaries of wild blond-haired, blue eyed 8 to 12 foot high men running around in the Andes during the conquest of the Incas.
They, along with other groups working on the planet, eventually developed the smaller human being by genetic manipulation, originally for use as workers.
The 'Adamu' (or man) were originally created to work in various projects around the world. Some of these were mining, food production, construction, etc. By giving man the ability to reproduce on his own (the original sin), the population began to multiply quite rapidly. The Annunaki began to clamor for more of the workers. Human females were further altered so that conception was possible not once per year, but every 28 days. This can be found in Genesis, Chapter 3, Verse 16.
The Annunaki soldiers eventually started to reproduce with the earth human females: "When the sons of the Elohim came unto the daughters of man, and they bore them children".
The Atlantean consciousness eventually evolved from a less material, fourth-dimensional form toward the sensual, or physical. Far from being like the other 'ancient' civilizations that we know about, the level of technology reached when Atlantis was at its' peak was far superior to our own.
Among the accomplishments of the Atlanteans, for example, was 'perfect' wather control. Now the average immediate notion is of abundant fields of waving grain in endless summer alongside the most beautiful of beaches. They had that, and it bored them; too utilitarian to them, like we might look at a vineyard. They left such backlands to the serving creatures. The Atlanteans had come into the physical world essentially for the stimulation. They loved storms. Whole areas of their land were given over, like national parks, to violent displays of atmospheric turbulence. Their servants, of course, were less fond of these events, which could kn the equivalent of "artisitc licence" spill over and kill them, destroy their homes, etc. If the Atlanteans noticed and/or cared, they could restore all this damage at will. Some did, some didn't.
They also had the ability to effect geological events for their experiential pleasure. Volcanic fountains were a favourite, but much was done with steam and mineral venting for artistic result. They had plenty of time. The earlier ones were still immortal. More than one volcanic seamount poking its head above the waters of the Atlantic Ocean started out this way. Later, of course, they lost control.
The real core of Atlantean technology that can still be dug up around the earth was far beyond something as simple as weather control. What has attracted the military like carrion is the 'threshold' technology. Some hint of this floated up in the movie 'Stargate', except that the Atlantean version could be called 'Probability Gate'. It's a solid state device (with no selectable 'dial' like the stargate in the movie, for instance) that uses what we think of as time/space as an energy source. The threshold is a lens into probable existence streams, or continua. This area was delved into more deeply with research like the Philadelphia Experiment.
The Atlanteans used crystals quite extensively, and mis-used them to such a degree that they eventually led to the catastrophe which caused Atlantis to disappear into the ocean.
The Atlanteans used the knowledge of the crystal refraction, amplification and storage. It is known that a beam of light directed intensley and focused specifically on certain series of facets in a gem will, when it exits from the reflective plane of the gem, be amplified rather than diminished. And further, these amplified energies were broken down into a wide and sophisticated spectrum. The Atlanteans used the spectrum of this energy so as to be more useable, and for a specific purpose, much as one would use petoleum in terms of its various spectrum limitations for specific purposes.
Extracting this and that and other things from the same basic substance, they used certain divisions of the energy for growing things. Others for healing, others for knowledge or increasement of substance. Other phases of spectrum for dissassembling molecule structures, and yet other combinations of these strata for building, assembling structures, as in chains; or producing matter, transmutation of matter and that sort. Their basic technology is still available in the earth plane in various locations.
Crystals have the ability to transfer energy, to retain it, to maintain its intensity, to focus and transmit it over great distance to similar receivers as are equal or comparable to the transmitter. Thus, from one pyramid to another the Atlanteans, in a sense, transmitted energy. That when the face of the earth was directed toward a certain point, one pyramid would function to intensify and transmit energies to other pyramids which would then act as receiving devices and would disperse energy as it was needed. The opposite would be true, when that pyramid was at unfocusable point to their celestial alignment the others would transmit to those. Very simple method, very effective method. Though it brought them many difficulties later.
Atlantean crystals were natural forms, but their growths were speeded up. Some specimens of clear quartz were produced to almost 25 feet high and 10 feet in diameter, had 12 sides and were used for storing and transmitting power.
Small crystals, four to five feet high were infused with different colours, and had a varied number of facets, to be used for different purposes, such as healing, meditation, psychic development, increasing mental capacity, communications, powering generators, dematerialisation, and transport of objects, magnetic force fields, and travel at speeds undreamed of by our culture today.
A number of crystals were shaped into invered pyramids, with four to six sides, were infused with various shades of pink or rose, which created a light beam for surgery, by changing molecular structure, and for soothing pain, particularly in the delicate areas of the brain, the eyes, the heart and reproductive organs. Gold or yellow crystals changed colours to deeper hues in the presence of disease or bodily vibrational disorders. Ruby and purple stones helped cure emotional and spiritual problems; and black crystals, no longer in existence, were powerful protectors.
For general rejuvenation and a return of vitality the ancient Atlanteans periodically meditated 15 to 20 minutes inside a circle of 6, 11, 22 or 24 stones of different types, holding a clear quartz in their hands, which acted as a control and focaliser.
All these various crystals received their power from a variety of sources, including the Sun, the Earth's energy grid system, or from each other. The larger stones, called Fire Crystals, were the central receiving and broadcasting stations, while others acted as receivers for individual cities, buildings, vehicles and homes. On a higher spiritual level, rooms made of crystals were places where the Initiates left their bodies in the Final Transcendence, often never to return.
In the modern Bermuda Triangle, on the ocean bottom where the ruins of Atlantis now exist, the energy build-up in the sunken and damaged Fire Crystals can periodically trigger dematerialisations of anything in the area.
One of the most detailed descriptions of the Atlantean use of a mysterious instrument called the Great Crystal was given by Edgar Cayce, who mentioned it many times. The crystal, he said was housed in a special building oval in shape, with a dome that could be rolled back, exposing the Crystal to the light of the sun, moon and stars at the most favourable time.
The interior of the building was lined with non-conducting metal or stone, similar to asbestos or bakelite, a thermosetting plastic. The Crystal itself, which Cayce also called the Tuaoi Stone, or Firestone, was huge in size, cylindrical in length, and prismatic in shape, cut with six sides. Atop the crystal was a moveable capstone, used to both concentrate incoming rays of energy, and to direct currents to various parts of the Atlantean countryside.
It appears that the Crystal gathered solar, lunar, stellar, atmospheric and Earth energies as well as unknown elemental forces and concentrated these at a specific point, located between the top of the Crystal and the bottom of the capstone.
The energy was used for various purposes. In the beginning it was used as purely a spiritual tool by initiates who could handle the great energy. The early Atlanteans were peaceful people. As they developed more physical material bodies, they used the crystal to rejuvenate their bodies and were able to live hundreds of years while maintaining a youthful appearance.
Later the Crystal was put to other uses. Currents of energy were transmitted throughout the land, like radio waves, and powered by these, crafts and vehicles traversed the land, through the sky and under the sea at the speed of sound. By utilisation of other currents originating from the Crystal, the Atlanteans were also able to transmit over great distances the human voice, and pictures, like modern television. In the same manner, even heat and light could be directed to specific buildings or open arenas, giving illumination and warmth by seemingly invisible means.
Toward the end of their existence, however, the Atlanteans became greedier for more power, the operation of the Crystal was taken over by those of less spiritual fortitude, and the energies of the Great Crystal were tuned to higher and more destructive frequencies.
Finally the Crystal was tuned too high, activating volcanoes and melting mountains, ultimately causing the submergence of Atlantis, and perhaps even the axis shift of the Earth itself.
Gene D. Matlock deeply searches and analyses different cultures also comparing with Vedic (vaydik, Sanskrit: वेद)) ancient culture of Asia, quite common over India to Japan passing through Tibet and China, finding outstanding curious similarities among all cultures among the globe when all where in the mythical "golden age". He compares linguistically the different languages he analyses; western, eastern, ancient Native American and other languages.
He says that with this method , used long before him by others linguist, and exploring deep in etymology, he finds impressive similarity between the myths from ethnies around the world circa the copper age, bronze age or other ancient times he refers to in his papers.
He finds links between Maya, Native American and Asian ethnicities, oral tradition and ancient cultures.
Quote:_"Should we continue our fun guessing games about Atlantis for another few millenniums? Or should we confidently begin our search for the submerged half of Atlantis from Atlántepec's (Mexico's) southeast coast? Will the ruins that we'll surely find be those of the real Atlantis?"
Atlán, Autlán, Mazatlán, Cihuatlán, Cacatlán, Tecaltitlán, Tihuatlán, Atitlán, Zapotlán, Minititlán, Ocotlán, Miahuatlán, Tecaltitlán, Tepatitlán, Tihuatlán, Texiutlán, and the like. Notice that the Nahuatl Tlán root of these place names is exactly like the Tlan in "Atlantis."
He also cites an ancient, spiral-shaped harbor with high banks or dikes lining the channels that once existed near San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán, Mexico. This layout is very much like that described by Plato for Atlantis's great port city.
When Gene D. Matlock was seven years old, he became deathly sick from pneumonia. His mother prayed that if he survived, she would dedicate him to the study of theology. She never suspected Gene's studies would lead him to "no-no" conclusions not welcome in Sunday School, the mosque, and the synagogue.
Matlock says that the linguistic revelations comparing different cultures are astonishing. That we are and always have been a global community from the very beginning of civilization. He says: "When I was a young college student in Mexico, I took a course in linguistics. This course and my experiences in studying Spanish, Portuguese, Malay, and Nahuatl, taught me that a word is much more than a combination of strange sounds. Each one tells the history of the people who use it." According to Matlock, the secret surrounding the location of Atlantis -- and thus, proof that it really existed -- can be traced back to the forbidden letter.
He then tries to link everything with the ancient roots of "Panch" , Panis, Phoenicias and Hebrews, linking many things according to his research, but many scholars don't agree with this.
Modern game fictional characters like Gill (Street Fighter), and Urien (Street Fighter) are examples of the fantasy Atlantis may arise in subconcient, has it has being for many years a source of mystery and inventions.
More than 25,000 books, plus countless other articles have been written about a fabled confederation of city-states known as Atlantis. If it really did exist, where was it located? Does anyone have valid evidence of its existence artifacts and other remnants? According to historian, archaeologist, educator and linguist Gene D. Matlock, both questions can easily be answered: Only Mexico is named Atlan; Itlan; Otlan; Tlan; Tollan, etc. No other nation on earth can make that claim. Since this is the case and every nation on earth is what it is, Atlantis is Atlantis!
This is the ultimate book on Atlantis. Well written (though hard to understand at times due to the 19th century grammar), well researched, and very informative.
Required reading for anyone interesting in Atlantis.
E-Book - ready for download.
The most comprehensive reconstruction of the history and fate of the legendary ancient civilization of Atlantis.
* Draws together compelling evidence from geology, astronomy, myths, and ancient texts to prove the existence of Atlantean civilization and its catastrophic end.
* Includes a vivid narrative that re-creates the last days of Atlantis.
* Represents 20 years worth of research across the globe.
All human cultures, from classical and biblical to native North and South American, share the myth of an ancient deluge, often coinciding with a rain of fire from the heavens. What accounts for this shared myth of environmental catastrophe? Now, in The Destruction of Atlantis, author Frank Joseph links this worldwide cultural phenomenon to the story of the lost civilization of Atlantis, which in a single day and night disappeared into the sea in a violent cataclysm.
In the most comprehensive account of this legendary island, Joseph provides compelling evidence that Atlantis was at the root of all subsequent human civilizations. Brilliantly refuting years of modern skepticism, Joseph combines evidence from archaeology, geology, astronomy, and ancient lore to locate Atlantis in the context of Near Eastern Bronze Age society at the end of the 13th century B.C. The author seamlessly combines hard scientific evidence with a stunning imaginative re-creation of what it must have been like to walk the streets of Atlantis in its last days. The resulting portrait of a mighty empire corrupted by an overreaching lust for wealth and power offers an important lesson to our own materialistic civilization poised on the brink of ecological disaster.
Andrew Collins has spent more than twenty years investigating the relationship between paranormal phenomena, ancient sites, and the human mind. He is also the widely heralded author of Gods of Eden and Gateway to Atlantis. He lives in England.
A historian's investigation that may have solved one of humankind's greatest and most enduring mysteries: the location of the "Lost City" of Atlantis. More than 2,350 years ago Plato wrote of the fabulous island empire of Atlantis, which ruled the ocean as well as parts of the "opposite continent" - what we know today as the Americas - until the single "terrible day and night" that destroyed it in a storm of earthquakes and floods. For two millennia the fate of Atlantis has fascinated historians, philosophers, and explorers who have debated its reality and searched in vain for a kingdom shrouded in myth and legend. And now, after years of travel and research, Andrew Collins has gathered convincing evidence that may establish not only that Atlantis did indeed exist but also that remnants of it survive today. Collins's journey into the past follows the clues left by Plato, and they take him far beyond Crete and the Mediterranean, where scholars in recent times have located Atlantis. So do mummies in Egypt, Roman wreckage in the West Atlantic, the African features of great stone heads in Mexico, and the explosion of a comet 10,500 years ago. Collins's final destination will shock the experts and amaze all readers.
As a former police chief, Jacques Hebert enjoys a good mystery. That’s why he chose to take up archaeology as an avocation. These pursuits led him to look for a solution to the age-old mystery of Atlantis.
In Atlantis Rediscovered, Hébert reveals the results of his rigorous research and training as a detective. The author’s work relied heavily on analyzing Plato’s dialogues, which are among the earliest record of the famous “lost continent.” He shows how he discovered a misinterpretation of Plato’s work that confused the identification of the continent’s location. He goes on to show why a different reading places Atlantis in an unexpected setting. Compared to previous theories, his is the first that is in complete harmony with the writings of Plato, up to and including descriptions of the vegetation.
As a result of Hebert’s painstaking analysis, the myth is demystified. The author’s victory is palpable as the reader follows his discoveries step by step in a book which reads like a novel. With the results validated scientifically, his work is likely to call into question some fundamental historical concepts.
This book offers a step-by-step disputation of the myth of Atlantis. It takes the reader through a detailed analysis of the Platonic dialogues, uncovering a probable misunderstanding of a transcript of an Egyptian priest that Plato relied on. This leads the author to conclude that the Atlantic people probably did not die out entirely but more likely were the ancestors of the Phoenicians' highly successful maritime civilization.
Atlantis Rediscovered has just been released by Carnot USA Books. Carnot USA Books is a dynamic new publisher of original trade paperbacks targeted at the American experience as well as nonfiction and fiction titles focused on such global topics as current events, crime and mystery, the arts and classics. Based in New York City, Carnot USA Books is a wholly owned subsidiary of Editions Carnot, one of France’s fastest growing publishers. Carnot’s books are translated into 30 languages and distributed in over 50 countries.
(2001) In this book you will find a complete decoding not only of Plato’s lost continent of Atlantis but also of the entirety of Greek myths, mysteries and mysticism – all decoded in the light of Alan Alford’s exploded planet hypothesis. ‘The Atlantis Secret’ has been acclaimed as ‘a striking new hypothesis’ by Professor Christopher Gill, an expert on Plato and Atlantis, who has contributed a Foreword to the book.
In The Atlantis Secret (Eridu Books, 2001), the author suggests a new solution to this age-old mystery.
The essence of his theory is that the story of Atlantis – or strictly speaking the story of the war between Ancient Athens and Atlantis – was an allegory for the myth of the creation of the Universe. Or, in other words, an encrypted account of a secret tradition which had been preserved for millennia by the mystery schools of Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Greece.
In this way, Plato’s story of Atlantis may be seen as a ‘true story’. For the ancients sages believed that the myth of creation was an absolutely true account of how the Universe had been brought into being.
Provides convincing evidence that angels, demons, and fallen angels were flesh-and-blood members of a giant race predating humanity, spoken of in the Bible as the Nephilim.
* Indicates that the earthly paradise of Eden was a realm in the mountains of Kurdistan.
* By the author of Gateway to Atlantis.
Our mythology describes how beings of great beauty and intelligence, who served as messengers of gods, fell from grace through pride. These angels, also known as Watchers, are spoken of in the Bible and other religious texts as lusting after human women, who lay with them and gave birth to giant offspring called the Nephilim. These religious sources also record how these beings revealed forbidden arts and sciences to humanity--transgressions that led to their destruction in the Great Flood.
Andrew Collins reveals that these angels, demons, and fallen angels were flesh-and-blood members of a race predating our own. He offers evidence that they lived in Egypt (prior to the ancient Egyptians), where they built the Sphinx and other megalithic monuments, before leaving the region for what is now eastern Turkey following the cataclysms that accompanied the last Ice Age. Here they lived in isolation before gradually establishing contact with the developing human societies of the Mesopotamian plains below. Humanity regarded these angels--described as tall, white-haired beings with viperlike faces and burning eyes--as gods and their realm the paradise wherein grew the tree of knowledge. Andrew Collins demonstrates how the legends behind the fall of the Watchers echo the faded memory of actual historical events and that the legacy they have left humanity is one we can afford to ignore only at our own peril.
The fascinating truth about Atlantis leads to a chilling conclusion about the environmental catastrophe that destroyed it. Now you can find out how the forces that shattered the first great civilization on Earth can happen again, bringing the end of the world to us all! With an Introduction by Colin Wilson.
The authors' hypothesis, that the remains of Atlantis may be found beneath the ice of lesser Antarctica, is amazing but believable. They build on Charles H. Hapgood's work on earth crustal displacement and his study of ancient sea maps (which show the (ice-free) Antarctic coast long before its discovery in the eighteenth century); the amazing similarities in mythological accounts of floods and other disasters from around the world; the astonishing "outbreak" of agriculture in elevated areas; the account of Atlantis in Plato's Timaeus; and more. This book is an important accompaniment to the studies of Bauval, West et al on pre-pharoanic Egyptology, and those of Tompkins and Coe on the pre-Mayan civilisations. It is not a "new-age" or pseudo X-files book but a serious investigation of certain events and accounts. If you find a copy, buy it.
For decades, schoolbooks have taught that Sumer was the cradle of civilization. conventional scholarship has also held that Aryan civilization came to India by way of invasions from the north. In Search of the Cradle of Civilization: New Light on Ancient India is a ground-breaking book wherein three renowned scholars show that there was no "Aryan invasion", and that India, not Sumer, was the cradle of civilized humanity. Through exploring the rich symbols, metaphors, and myths of the Vedas, we can examine the wealth of India's spirituality and discover its relevance for today's world.
The legend of lost Atlantis turns to fact as Shirley Andrews uniquely correlates a wealth of information from more than 100 classical and Atlantean scholars, scientists, and psychics to describe the country and its inhabitants.
A MUST READ for all who are intrigued by the legendary lost continent of Atlantis! This is a book you will enjoy reading and will want to share with your friends. Shirley Andrews has brought together an extraordinary body of supportive information to lift our thoughts beyond myth to the real possibility that Atlantis existed! This book is thoroughly researched and presents many points of view from the scientific to the metaphysical. Atlantis comes to life through the clear and skillful writing of Ms. Andrews. You will easily imagine this beautiful continent and learn of its great history, advanced culture and the high evolution of its people. You'll learn of their customs and beliefs, their entertainment, education, government, religion, aviation, medicine, energy and more. You will gain insight into the location of Atlantis, what problems befell it and what caused its ultimate demise. Even the most skeptical reader will have to reflect on this great body of exciting and convincing evidence. This is truly an exceptional book!
The most interesting part of this book is the portions that talk about the fall of mankind on how and why it happened. It talks about the sons of God coming down to Earth to take wives. Large men and beings are the result that threaten to take over all of mankind. This may sound a little far fetched until you find supporting stories in Genesis Chapter 6 in the Bible and in the Dead Sea Scrolls.
It also talks about the dissemination of knowledge throughout the world which would explain the 356 day calendar that you see in part of Mexico passed down from the Aztecs and amongst the Hopi Indian tribes in the United States.
The author/editor provides us with a translation of ancient texts from India which purport to describe aircraft construction and operation. He then makes comments about the subject, including excerpts from related works. The point is that, according to Childress and others, the ancient civilization of India had made technological advances equalling and perhaps surpassing our own before it was mysteriously destroyed --perhaps in a nuclear war!
The Great Pyramid. Stonehenge. Machu Picchu. For centuries, these and other sacred sites have inspired wonder among those who ponder their origins. Conventional science tells us they were constructed by local peoples working with the primitive tools of a fledgling civilization. But these megaliths nonetheless continue to attract pilgrims, scholars, and adventurers drawn by the possibility that their true spiritual and technological secrets remain hidden. Who could have built these elaborate monuments? How did they do it? And what were their incomprehensible efforts and sacrifices designed to accomplish?
Now comes a revolutionary theory that connects these mysteries to reveal a hidden global pattern--the ancient work of an advanced civilization whose warnings of planetary cataclysm now reverberate across one hundred millennia. International bestselling author Colin Wilson and Canadian researcher Rand Flem-Ath join forces to share startling evidence of a fiercely intelligent society dating back as much as 100,000 years--one that sailed the oceans of the world, building monuments to preserve and communicate its remarkable wisdom. The Atlantis Blueprint is their term for a sophisticated network of connections between these sacred sites that they trace to Atlantis: a sophisticated maritime society that charted the globe from its home base in Antarctica...until it was obliterated by the devastating global changes it anticipated but could not escape.
Here is adventure to realms beyond our imaginings...to shifting poles, changing latitudes...into the world of ancient mariners who recharted the globe...to astonishing discoveries about our ancestors. Here are the great mysteries...the incredibly complex geography of the Temple of Luxor...the startling sophistication of Egyptian science and math...and tantalizing similarities among the Hebrew, Greek, and Mayan alphabets to the Chinese lunar zodiac. The Atlantis Blueprint opens up a Pandora's box of ancient mysteries, lost worlds, and millennial riddles. It is a story as controversial, fascinating, dangerous--and inspiring--as any ever told.
Plato provided 53 physical clues in his famous dialogue Critias-the original account of the story of Atlantis that is the sole basis of all Atlantis research. Discovery of Atlantis proves that the island of Cyprus and the underwater landscape just south of Cyprus is a perfect match with 51 of these clues. Exclusive 3D bathymetric maps based on new scientific data show for the first time a stretch of sunken land off of Cyprus. The general layout of the landscape of Atlantis as described by Plato is easily discernible on this underwater land mass, as well as the precise location of its capital-Atlantis City.
This robust empirical data is joined with other original findings based on mythological analysis and historical research, making the case for Cyprus increasingly obvious. With this compelling new interpretation of Plato, author Robert Sarmast brings the legendary island of Atlantis alive for the first time.
With the location so clearly mapped in this book, the next step in this exciting research is an expedition to the region. Humankind may soon witness the filming of the colossal ruins of this once-mighty empire and proceed to resurrect Atlantis from its watery tomb!
The son of wealthy and influential Athenian parents, Plato began his philosophical career as a student of Socrates. When the master died, Plato travelled to Egypt and Italy, studied with students of Pythagoras, and spent several years advising the ruling family of Syracuse. Eventually, he returned to Athens and established his own school of philosophy at the Academy. For students enrolled there, Plato tried both to pass on the heritage of a Socratic style of thinking and to guide their progress through mathematical learning to the achievement of abstract philosophical truth. The written dialogues on which his enduring reputation rests also serve both of these aims.
The creators of this site believe Atlantis is to be found beneath the South China Sea, and have attempted to provide evidence to support this claim.
The web page of Gilbert De Jong, a Dutch landscape designer with a penchant for the unexplained. His balanced personal exploration takes on 'quest' proportions, and he discusses various mysteries, some familiar to us, others not. Most intriguing of all is his placing of Atlantis at El Fuerte - the site on the Canary Islands recently brought to the world's attention by Thor Heyerdahl - using the Piri Re'is map as evidence.
This, the Sunken Civilizations web-site, is devoted to the "study of Atlantis and other alleged sunken civilizations". It contains general articles on the role of catastrophism, astronomy, archaeology and paleontology, and other fields. Dedicated to exploring all possibilities of homelands for a lost civilization, this open-minded site maintains articles on all favorite theories suggested in recent times, from Antarctica to the Pacific.
It also gives a history as to the research done into Atlantis since Plato's first musings in Timaeus and Critias, complete with a diagram of how it would have looked according to his descriptions.
The Institute of Metahistory in Russia. Aims to promote interdisciplinary cooperation on the history of human civilisation, a field of knowledge which it regards as too full of gaps. It will eventually contain sections on Atlantis, the ancient megaliths of the earth, protolanguage and protoscript, and the 'Golden Age'. However, at this time the latter three are still under construction. Includes a very detailed look on Viatcheslav Koudriavstev's celebrated theory of the Celtic Shelf being the Origins of Atlantis. Visit related link Hypothesis on Plato's Atlantis.
This site presents Jim Alison's fascinating investigation of the geodetic relationships between ancient cultural centres, and highlights 'Atlantis-candidates' suggested by geodetic analysis.
Offers scientific proof arguing the existence of Atlantis, with the true location of Troy, Lanka, the Garden of Eden, the Island of Avalon, the Garden of the Hesperides, the Holy Land as well as Paradise thrown in for good measure.
Tries to conjure up an image of what Atlantis might have looked like and where it might have been located, primarily on the basis of Plato's Dialogues.
Provides a brief history of the Atlantean myth and modern efforts behind resurrecting it.
Offers a useful list of related books, audio, video, software and sites on Atlantis, besides giving a brief background to the mythical civilization of Atlantis.
An engaging article trying to prove that Atlanteans were actually extraterrestrial creatures.
An article, which tries to present evidence that a previous civilization, possibly Atlantis, existed.
This article explains away the Lost Continent with magic.
Provides Plato's writings on Atlantis, Atlantean crystals, channeled information and other evidences of the existence of the mythical island.
Carries a host of links to interesting sites and books related to Plato's classical story of Atlantis and modern interpretations of his work.
Presents an interactive novel called Atlantis: A Tale of the Earth.
Includes information on Ignatius Donnelly, who revived interest in the lost civilization of Atlantis.
Emails displaying an academic interest in Plato's narration of the destruction of Atlantis and Athens.
A thoroughly researched and immensely informative site on Atlantis.
http://www.crystalinks.com/atlantis.html - Crystalinks, Atlantis Section.
Atlantis. Explore few most popular speculations about this lost continent. Timaeus and Critias - dialogues of Plato. |
0.92891 | Can the Canadian immigration authorities refuse my application?
Yes. The Canadian immigration authorities can refuse your application. They can refuse it because you don’t meet the requirements or if you’re inadmissible to Canada. |
0.999998 | What happened on January 13 in Formula One history?
Buenos Aires was again the venue for the first round of the championship, and Alan Jones' win in his Williams Ford set him on his way to that year's drivers' championship. Conditions were harsh, and sections of the track had to be relaid overnight after drivers complained it was falling apart during qualifying; unsurprisingly, the repairs disintegrated from the tenth lap onwards making the surface slippery and 15 cars retired. Nelson Piquet and Keke Rosberg were second and third respectively, both standing on the podium for the first time, while Derek Daley took a career-best fourth.
Local delight as Juan Manual Fangio, driving a Maserati, won the season-opener in Argentina on course for his fifth and final world title. Stirling Moss put his Maserati on pole position, but lost ten laps when the throttle linkage broke as he made a juddering start from the grid. Only Fangio and Jean Behra, who came second, finished all 100 laps as Maseratis took the first four places. Peter Collins, who led early on, was forced to retire a quarter of the way through with clutch problems. With the exception of one old Ferrari 500, all cars that took part were either Maserati 250Fs or Lancia Ferrari 801s.
Former world champion Denny Hulme, who had announced his decision to retire at the end of the season a few weeks earlier, won the season-opening Argentina Grand Prix, his last F1 victory. It did not go down well with a huge 120,000 crowd, including President Peron, which for 50 of the 53 laps had cheered local hero Carlos Reutemann before he was forced to retire. Reliability was a major worry as only six of the 26 starters completed the race.
Gianni Morbidelli, born on this day in Pesaro, Italy, had a lengthy but unfulfilling Formula One career. In 70 grands prix between 1990 and 1997 he finished in the top six only three times, most memorably at the 1995 Australian Grand Prix when his third place gave Arrows its first top-three finish in seven years. Later he moved to touring cars, where he enjoyed more success. He won the Dubai based Speedcar championship in the 2008-09 season.
German driver Helm Glockler, born on this day in Frankfurt, had the briefest flirtation with F1, entering the 1953 German Grand Prix in a Bristol-engined Cooper which suffered engine failure during qualifying. He had a few minor wins in sports car races in the early 1950s. |
0.98616 | The measure of how popular or justifiable a type of government is, can be found out, by understanding which countries have adopted Kleptocracy and Despotism. The major difference between Kleptocracy countries and Despotism countries lies in social or economic conditions which led to the adoption of Kleptocracy and Despotism as forms of government respectively. A continentwise breakup of Kleptocracy countries and Despotism countries has been provided. These types of government were applied with a thought of solving existing problems or improving the socio-economic conditions prevalent in those particular countries.
Kleptocracy countries in Asia are Indonesia, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia. Despotism countries in Asia include North Korea and Sri Lanka.
The list of European Kleptocracy countries comprises of Russia. Despotism is not present in Europe.
In North America, countries that have accepted Kleptocracy as form of government are Mexico, Nicaragua and Panama. Despotism countries in North America are Cuba.
Kleptocracy is not present in South American countries. Venezuela are the Despotism countries present in South America.
The list of Kleptocracy countries in Africa includes Egypt and Nigeria. Despotism countries in Africa are Sudan and Zimbabwe.
Kleptocracy is not present in other continents. Despotism is not prevalent in other continents. |
0.999996 | Durakit was established in 2006, as the result of an idea to develop durable, affordable and reliable workwear for both amateur DIY'ers and professional tradesman.
Durakit is the result of substantial research. We've researched the workwear market with a fine tooth comb, taken design elements from the snowboarding market, taken advice from the outdoor & performance clothing market and developed hundreds of samples to bring you Durakit, a trend led range of high quality workwear you'll be proud to go to work in.
In a nutshell, Durakit provides a range of affordable workwear and safety footwear that is manufactured to withstand the most rigorous of wear, combining quality, durability, functionality and ergonomics with wearer comfort and design appeal too. |
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