teven/mpww · Datasets at Hugging Face

title stringlengths 1 250 ⌀	triples list	description stringlengths 1 695 ⌀	text stringlengths 275 46.3k	alias list
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Persian Gulf" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Red Sea" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Gulf of Aqaba" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "part of", "Middl...	sovereign state in Western Asia	Gulf of Aqaba. It is the only country with both a Red Sea coast and a Persian Gulf coast, and most of its terrain consists of arid desert, lowland and mountains. As of October 2018, the Saudi economy was the largest in the Middle East and the 18th largest in the world. Saudi Arabia also has one of the world's youngest ...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Pakistan" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	traces of human activity in the world. The world's second-largest religion, Islam, emerged in modern-day Saudi Arabia. In the early 7th century, the Islamic prophet Muhammad united the population of Arabia and created a single Islamic religious polity. Following his death in 632, his followers rapidly expanded the terr...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "basic form of government", "Absolute monarchy" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "continent", "Asia" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	as numerous other dynasties in Asia, Africa and Europe. The area of modern-day Saudi Arabia formerly consisted of mainly four distinct regions: Hejaz, Najd and parts of Eastern Arabia (Al-Ahsa) and Southern Arabia ('Asir). The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was founded in 1932 by Ibn Saud. He united the four regions into a si...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official language", "Arabic" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "language used", "Arabic" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	within Sunni Islam has been called "the predominant feature of Saudi culture", with its global spread largely financed by the oil and gas trade. Saudi Arabia is sometimes called "the Land of the Two Holy Mosques" in reference to Al-Masjid al-Haram (in Mecca) and Al-Masjid an-Nabawi (in Medina), the two holiest places i...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	world's second largest oil reserves and the sixth largest gas reserves. The kingdom is categorized as a World Bank high-income economy with a high Human Development Index and is the only Arab country to be part of the G-20 major economies. The state has attracted criticism for a variety of reasons including: its treatm...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "Organisation of Islamic Cooperation" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "OPEC" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official language", "Arabic" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "language used", "Arabic" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	record, and its strict interpretation of Sharia law. The kingdom has the world's fifth-highest military expenditure and, according to SIPRI, was the world's second largest arms importer from 2010 to 2014. Saudi Arabia is considered a regional and middle power. In addition to the GCC, it is an active member of the Organ...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official language", "Arabic" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "language used", "Arabic" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	as "the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia" in English, it literally means "the Saudi Arab kingdom", or "the Arab Saudi Kingdom". The word "Saudi" is derived from the element as-Saʿūdīyah in the Arabic name of the country, which is a type of adjective known as a nisba, formed from the dynastic name of the Saudi royal family, the ...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "continent", "Asia" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "located on terrain feature", "Arabian Peninsula" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	ancestor. In the case of the Al Saud, this is Saud ibn Muhammad ibn Muqrin, the father of the dynasty's 18th-century founder, Muhammad bin Saud. History Prehistory There is evidence that human habitation in the Arabian Peninsula dates back to about 125,000 years ago. A 2011 study found that the first modern humans to s...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Bahrain" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Bahrain" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	that Tarout Island was the main port and the capital of Dilmun. Mesopotamian inscribed clay tablets suggests that, in the early period of Dilmun, a form of hierarchical organized political structure existed. In 1966 an earthworks in Tarout exposed ancient burial field that yielded a large impressive statue dating to th...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Bahrain" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Bahrain" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	appeared in Bahrain for the first time, where a laborious temple complex and thousands of burial mounds that dates to this period were discovered. By the Late Bronze Age, a historically recorded people and land (Median and the Medianites) in the north-western portion of Saudi Arabia are well-documented in the Bible. Ce...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Gulf of Aqaba" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "located on terrain feature", "Arabian Peninsula" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	wider domain that marked the pinnacle of Lihyan civilization. The third state occurred during the early 3rd century BC with bursting economic activity between the south and north that made Lihyan acquire large influence suitable to its strategic position on the caravan road. Lihyan was a powerful and highly organized a...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	A testimony to the extensive influence that Lihyan acquired. The Lihyanites fell into the hands of the Nabataeans around 65 BC upon their seizure of Hegra then marching to Tayma, and to their capital Dedan in 9 BC. The Nabataeans ruled large portions of north Arabia until their domain was annexed by the Roman Empire. M...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Pakistan" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	in about 571 CE. In the early 7th century, Muhammad united the various tribes of the peninsula and created a single Islamic religious polity. Following his death in 632, his followers rapidly expanded the territory under Muslim rule beyond Arabia, conquering huge and unprecedented swathes of territory (from the Iberian...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Persian Gulf" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	(632–661), Umayyad (661–750), Abbasid (750–1517) and the Fatimid (909–1171) caliphates. From the 10th century to the early 20th century, Mecca and Medina were under the control of a local Arab ruler known as the Sharif of Mecca, but at most times the Sharif owed allegiance to the ruler of one of the major Islamic empir...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Bahrain" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Bahrain" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	the Muslim world, particularly with their theft of the Black Stone. In 1077–1078, an Arab Sheikh named Abdullah bin Ali Al Uyuni defeated the Qarmatians in Bahrain and al-Hasa with the help of the Great Seljuq Empire and founded the Uyunid dynasty. The Uyunid Emirate later underwent expansion with its territory stretch...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Persian Gulf" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Red Sea" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Oman" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Iraq" ], [ ...	sovereign state in Western Asia	took control of the region after overthrowing the Jarwanids in the 15th century and clashed with Hormuz for more than two decades over the region for its economic revenues, until finally agreeing to pay tribute in 1507. Al-Muntafiq tribe later took over the region and came under Ottoman suzerainty. The Bani Khalid trib...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Red Sea" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "lowest point", "Red Sea" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	Al-Ahsa) to the Empire and claimed suzerainty over the interior. One reason was to thwart Portuguese attempts to attack the Red Sea (hence the Hejaz) and the Indian Ocean. Ottoman degree of control over these lands varied over the next four centuries with the fluctuating strength or weakness of the Empire's central aut...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	Saud, began in Nejd in central Arabia in 1744, when Muhammad bin Saud, founder of the dynasty, joined forces with the religious leader Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, founder of the Wahhabi movement, a strict puritanical form of Sunni Islam. This alliance formed in the 18th century provided the ideological impetus to Saudi...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Kuwait" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Kuwait" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Egypt" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	by 1818 by the Ottoman viceroy of Egypt, Mohammed Ali Pasha. A much smaller second "Saudi state", located mainly in Nejd, was established in 1824. Throughout the rest of the 19th century, the Al Saud contested control of the interior of what was to become Saudi Arabia with another Arabian ruling family, the Al Rashid, ...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	peninsula. Subject to this suzerainty, Arabia was ruled by a patchwork of tribal rulers, with the Sharif of Mecca having pre-eminence and ruling the Hejaz. In 1902, Abdul Rahman's son, Abdul Aziz—later to be known as Ibn Saud—recaptured control of Riyadh bringing the Al Saud back to Nejd, creating the third "Saudi stat...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Kuwait" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Iraq" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Kuwait" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Iraq" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	Sultan of Nejd in 1921. With the help of the Ikhwan, the Kingdom of Hejaz was conquered in 1924–25 and on 10 January 1926, Ibn Saud declared himself King of Hejaz. A year later, he added the title of King of Nejd. For the next five years, he administered the two parts of his dual kingdom as separate units. After the co...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "public holiday", "Saudi National Day" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	danger of a direct conflict with the British. At the same time, the Ikhwan became disenchanted with Ibn Saud's domestic policies which appeared to favor modernization and the increase in the number of non-Muslim foreigners in the country. As a result, they turned against Ibn Saud and, after a two-year struggle, were de...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Persian Gulf" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	kingdom was reliant on limited agriculture and pilgrimage revenues. In 1938, vast reserves of oil were discovered in the Al-Ahsa region along the coast of the Persian Gulf, and full-scale development of the oil fields began in 1941 under the US-controlled Aramco (Arabian American Oil Company). Oil provided Saudi Arabia...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "head of state", "Saud of Saudi Arabia" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "head of state", "Faisal of Saudi Arabia" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "office held by head of state", "King of Saudi Arabia" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "head of government", "Saud of Saudi A...	sovereign state in Western Asia	increasingly wasteful and extravagant. By the 1950s this had led to large governmental deficits and excessive foreign borrowing. In 1953, Saud of Saudi Arabia succeeded as the king of Saudi Arabia, on his father's death, until 1964 when he was deposed in favor of his half brother Faisal of Saudi Arabia, after an intens...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Syria" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Egypt" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	Yom Kippur War against Egypt and Syria. Oil prices quadrupled. In 1975, Faisal was assassinated by his nephew, Prince Faisal bin Musaid and was succeeded by his half-brother King Khalid. By 1976, Saudi Arabia had become the largest oil producer in the world. Khalid's reign saw economic and social development progress a...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	Iranian Islamic Revolution. It was feared that the country's Shi'ite minority in the Eastern Province (which is also the location of the oil fields) might rebel under the influence of their Iranian co-religionists. There were several anti-government uprisings in the region such as the 1979 Qatif Uprising. The second ev...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	response of the royal family was to enforce a much stricter observance of traditional religious and social norms in the country (for example, the closure of cinemas) and to give the Ulema a greater role in government. Neither entirely succeeded as Islamism continued to grow in strength. In 1980, Saudi Arabia bought out...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	of "majesty" in association with anything except God. Fahd continued to develop close relations with the United States and increased the purchase of American and British military equipment. The vast wealth generated by oil revenues was beginning to have an even greater impact on Saudi society. It led to rapid technolog...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Kuwait" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Iran" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Iraq" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with...	sovereign state in Western Asia	to be monopolized by the royal family leading to discontent among many Saudis who began to look for wider participation in government. In the 1980s, Saudi Arabia spent $25 billion in support of Saddam Hussein in the Iran–Iraq War. However, Saudi Arabia condemned the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990 and asked the US to ...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Kuwait" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Iraq" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Kuwait" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Iraq" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	Saudi Arabian forces were involved both in bombing raids on Iraq and in the land invasion that helped to liberate Kuwait. Saudi Arabia's relations with the West began to cause growing concern among some of the ulema and students of sharia law and was one of the issues that led to an increase in Islamist terrorism in Sa...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "participant in", "September 11 attacks" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Yemen" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	USS Cole bombing near the port of Aden, Yemen. 15 of the 19 terrorists involved in September 11 attacks in New York City, Washington, D.C., and near Shanksville, Pennsylvania were Saudi nationals. Many Saudis who did not support the Islamist terrorists were nevertheless deeply unhappy with the government's policies. Is...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	Fahd suffered a debilitating stroke, and the Crown Prince, Abdullah, assumed the role of de facto regent, taking on the day-to-day running of the country. However, his authority was hindered by conflict with Fahd's full brothers (known, with Fahd, as the "Sudairi Seven"). From the 1990s, signs of discontent continued a...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	by Abdullah, who continued the policy of minimum reform and clamping down on protests. The king introduced a number of economic reforms aimed at reducing the country's reliance on oil revenue: limited deregulation, encouragement of foreign investment, and privatization. In February 2009, Abdullah announced a series of ...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	same year, King Abdullah announced a package of $93 billion, which included 500,000 new homes to a cost of $67 billion, in addition to creating 60,000 new security jobs. Although male-only municipal elections were held on 29 September 2011, Abdullah allowed women to vote and be elected in the 2015 municipal elections, ...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "basic form of government", "Absolute monarchy" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	and one based on a blacklist run by Saudi Arabia's Ministry of Media, which primarily censors websites critical of the Saudi regime or associated with parties that are opposed to or opposed by Saudi Arabia. Politics Saudi Arabia is an absolute monarchy. However, according to the Basic Law of Saudi Arabia adopted by roy...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	recent years there have been limited steps to widen political participation such as the establishment of the Consultative Council in the early 1990s and the National Dialogue Forum in 2003. The rule of the Al Saud faces political opposition from four sources: Sunni Islamist activism; liberal critics; the Shi'ite minori...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "executive body", "Council of Ministers of Saudi Arabia" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	even if peaceful, is not tolerated. Monarchy and royal family The king combines legislative, executive, and judicial functions and royal decrees form the basis of the country's legislation. The king is also the prime minister, and presides over the Council of Ministers of Saudi Arabia and Consultative Assembly of Saudi...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "contains administrative territorial entity", "Riyadh Province" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	to his death in 2012, Prince Saud who had been Minister of Foreign Affairs since 1975 and current King Salman, who was Minister of Defense and Aviation before he was crown prince and Governor of the Riyadh Province from 1962 to 2011. The current Minister of Defense is Prince Mohammad bin Salman, the son of King Salman ...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	Ideological divisions include issues over the speed and direction of reform, and whether the role of the ulema should be increased or reduced. There were divisions within the family over who should succeed to the throne after the accession or earlier death of Prince Sultan. When prince Sultan died before ascending to t...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	business in the country. The enforcement of the anti-corruption laws is selective and public officials engage in corruption with impunity. A number of prominent Saudi Arabian princes, government ministers, and businesspeople, including Prince Al-Waleed bin Talal, were arrested in Saudi Arabia in November 2017. There ha...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	government. The preferred ulema are of the Salafi persuasion. The ulema have also been a key influence in major government decisions, for example the imposition of the oil embargo in 1973 and the invitation to foreign troops to Saudi Arabia in 1990. In addition, they have had a major role in the judicial and education ...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	by the Al ash-Sheikh, the country's leading religious family. The Al ash-Sheikh are the descendants of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, the 18th-century founder of the Wahhabi form of Sunni Islam which is today dominant in Saudi Arabia. The family is second in prestige only to the Al Saud (the royal family) with whom they f...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	form part of the ulema, the country's Islamic scholars. Royal decrees are the other main source of law; but are referred to as regulations rather than laws because they are subordinate to the Sharia. Royal decrees supplement Sharia in areas such as labor, commercial and corporate law. Additionally, traditional tribal l...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	to be replaced by imprisonment or fines. Atheism or "calling into question the fundamentals of the Islamic religion on which this country is based" is considered a terrorist crime. Lashings are a common form of punishment and are often imposed for offences against religion and public morality such as drinking alcohol a...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "Arab League" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "Gulf Cooperation Council" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	for a payment of diyya (blood money), by the perpetrator. Even after allowing women to drive and work, public places in Saudi Arabia are still gender-segregated and the kingdom has very strict laws on how unrelated men and women can dine together. In September 2018, a man was arrested by the Saudi authorities for appea...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "Arab League" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "World Trade Organization" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "Organisation of Islamic Cooperation" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "OPEC" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	the Islamic Conference (now the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation). It plays a prominent role in the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, and in 2005 joined the World Trade Organization. Saudi Arabia supports the intended formation of the Arab Customs Union in 2015 and an Arab common market by 2020, as ann...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Japan" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United Kingdom" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	other Arab nations imposed an oil embargo against the United States, United Kingdom, Japan and other Western nations which supported Israel in the Yom Kippur War of October 1973. The embargo caused an oil crisis with many short- and long-term effects on global politics and the global economy. Between the mid-1970s and ...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	aid and Wahhabism has fomented extremism in recipient countries. The two main allegations are that, by its nature, Wahhabism encourages intolerance and promotes terrorism. Counting only the non-Muslim-majority countries, Saudi Arabia has paid for the construction of 1359 mosques, 210 Islamic centres, 202 colleges and 2...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Yemen" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	administration, although Obama had authorized US forces to provide logistical and intelligence support to the Saudis in their military intervention in Yemen, establishing a joint coordination planning cell with the Saudi military that is helping manage the war, and CIA used Saudi bases for drone assassinations in Yemen...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Persian Gulf" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "China" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Iraq" ], [ "Saudi A...	sovereign state in Western Asia	billion immediately, and $350 billion over 10 years. In the Arab and Muslim worlds, Saudi Arabia is considered to be pro-Western and pro-American, and it is certainly a long-term ally of the United States. However, this and Saudi Arabia's role in the 1991 Persian Gulf War, particularly the stationing of US troops on Sa...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "China" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	Arabia are major allies, with relationship between the two countries growing significantly in recent decades. Majority of Saudi Arabians also expressed a favorable view of China. In February 2019, Crown Prince Mohammad defended China's Xinjiang re-education camps for Uyghur Muslims, saying "China has the right to carry...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Iran" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Jordan" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	to increasing alarm within the Saudi monarchy over the rise of Iran's influence in the region. These fears were reflected in comments of King Abdullah, who privately urged the United States to attack Iran and "cut off the head of the snake". The tentative rapprochement between the US and Iran that began in secret in 20...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Bahrain" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Iran" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Bahrain" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	Saudis' worst nightmare would be the [Obama] administration striking a grand bargain with Iran." A trip to Saudi by US President Barack Obama in 2014 included discussions of US–Iran relations, though these failed to resolve Riyadh's concerns. In order to protect the house of Khalifa, the monarchs of Bahrain, Saudi Arab...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Turkey" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Qatar" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Qatar" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border wit...	sovereign state in Western Asia	Sunni Muslim states, started a military intervention in Yemen against the Shia Houthis and forces loyal to former President Ali Abdullah Saleh, who was deposed in the 2011 Arab Spring uprisings. At least 56,000 people have been killed in armed violence in Yemen between January 2016 and October 2018. Saudi Arabia, toget...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Sweden" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "Arab League" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	covert operation to train and arm Syrian rebels. Following a number of incidents during the Hajj season, the deadliest of which killed at least 2,070 pilgrim in 2015 Mina stampede, Saudi Arabia has been accused of mismanagement and focusing on increasing money revenues while neglecting pilgrims' welfare. In March 2015,...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Sweden" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Qatar" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Tunisia" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Qatar" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border w...	sovereign state in Western Asia	Saudi Arabia recalling its ambassador to Sweden. Saudi Arabia has been seen as a moderating influence in the Arab–Israeli conflict, periodically putting forward a peace plan between Israel and the Palestinians and condemning Hezbollah. Following the Arab Spring Saudi Arabia offered asylum to deposed President Zine El A...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Canada" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Iran" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Qatar" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Qatar" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	appeared to be exploring ways of ending the rift. Saudi Arabia and its allies have criticized Qatar-based TV channel Al Jazeera and Qatar's relations with Iran. In 2017, Saudi Arabia imposed a land, naval and air blockade on Qatar. Saudi Arabia halted new trade and investment dealings with Canada and suspended diplomat...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Turkey" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	of Khashoggi being murdered inside the consulate; this has strained the already suffering Saudi Arabia–Turkey relations. As stated by Ozgur Unluhisarcikli, director of the German Marshall Fund’s Ankara office "Turkey is maintaining a very delicate balance in its relations with Saudi Arabia. The relations have the poten...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Germany" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "France" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Yemen" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	Saudi Foreign Ministry retaliated with an equal statement saying, "it will respond with greater action," indicating the kingdom’s "influential and vital role in the global economy." A joint statement was issued by Britain, France and Germany also demanding a "credible investigation to establish the truth about what hap...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "United Nations" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "located on terrain feature", "Arabian Peninsula" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	pushed to the brink of famine. According to the United Nations, the Arabian peninsula nation is home to the world’s worst humanitarian crisis. More than 50,000 children in Yemen died from starvation in 2017. The famine in Yemen is the direct result of the Saudi-led intervention and blockade of the rebel-held area. In t...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Yemen" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	stop their airstrikes on populated areas in Yemen. Theresa May backed the US call to end the coalition. President of the International Rescue Committee David Miliband called the US announcement as "the most significant breakthrough in the war in Yemen for four years". Jeremy Hunt, the UK Foreign Secretary, on his visit...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Syria" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Qatar" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Qatar" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with...	sovereign state in Western Asia	Hunt and Boris Johnson "played an utterly central and complicit role in arming and supporting the Saudi-led destruction of Yemen." Allegations of sponsoring global terrorism According to the Iraqi prime minister Nouri al-Maliki in March 2014, Saudi Arabia along with Qatar provided political, financial and media support...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Qatar" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Qatar" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	attacks. American politicians and media accused the Saudi government of supporting terrorism and tolerating a jihadist culture. Indeed, Osama bin Laden and 15 out of the 19 9/11 hijackers were from Saudi Arabia; in ISIL-occupied Raqqa, in mid-2014, all 12 judges were Saudi. The leaked US Department of State memo, dated...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "participant in", "September 11 attacks" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	Act that would allow relatives of victims of the September 11 attacks to sue Saudi Arabia for its government's alleged role in the attacks. Congress overwhelmingly rejected President Barack Obama's veto. According to Sir William Patey, former British ambassador to Saudi Arabia, the kingdom funds mosques throughout Euro...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Pakistan" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	SANG had 75,000 active soldiers and 25,000 tribal levies. In addition, there is an Al Mukhabarat Al A'amah military intelligence service. The kingdom has a long-standing military relationship with Pakistan, it has long been speculated that Saudi Arabia secretly funded Pakistan's atomic bomb programme and seeks to purch...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "France" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	Its modern high-technology arsenal makes Saudi Arabia among the world's most densely armed nations, with its military equipment being supplied primarily by the US, France and Britain. The United States sold more than $80 billion in military hardware between 1951 and 2006 to the Saudi military. On 20 October 2010, the U...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "France" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Japan" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United Kingdom" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	$67bn, overtaking that of the UK, France and Japan to place fourth globally. The United Kingdom has also been a major supplier of military equipment to Saudi Arabia since 1965. Since 1985, the UK has supplied military aircraft—notably the Tornado and Eurofighter Typhoon combat aircraft—and other equipment as part of th...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Canada" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "France" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	Institute, SIPRI, in 2010–14 Saudi Arabia became the world's second largest arms importer, receiving four times more major arms than in 2005–2009. Major imports in 2010–14 included 45 combat aircraft from the UK, 38 combat helicopters from the US, four tanker aircraft from Spain and over 600 armoured vehicles from Cana...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Yemen" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	in weapons sales to Saudi Arabia in 2015 alone. The $15 billion arms deal with Saudi Arabia is believed to be the largest arms sale in Canadian history. In 2016, the European Parliament decided to temporarily impose an arms embargo against Saudi Arabia, as a result of the Yemen civilian population's suffering from the ...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Germany" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	conducted by YouGov for Save the Children and Avaaz stated that 63 percent of British people oppose the sale of weapons to Saudi. Following the killing of Jamal Khashoggi, a nonbinding resolution was passed in the European Parliament on 25 October 2018, urging EU countries to impose an EU-wide arms embargo on Saudi Ara...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	record, the Saudi government points to the special Islamic character of the country, and asserts that this justifies a different social and political order. The United States Commission on International Religious Freedom had unsuccessfully urged President Barack Obama to raise human rights concerns with King Abdullah o...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	May 2014, Ali al-Nimr was sentenced to be publicly beheaded and crucified. In 2013, the government deported thousands of non-Saudis, many of them who were working illegally in the country or had overstayed their visas. Many reports abound, of foreigner workers being tortured either by employers or others. This resulted...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "United Nations" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	to "instill the true values of the Islamic faith, such as tolerance and moderation." This "tolerance and moderation" has been called into question by the Baltimore Sun, based on the reports from Amnesty International regarding Raif Badawi, and in the case of a man from Hafr al-Batin sentenced to death for rejecting Isl...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Turkey" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	pro-democracy demonstrations and for free elections in Saudi Arabia. In August 2017, ten Nobel Peace Prize laureates, including Desmond Tutu and Lech Wałęsa, urged Saudi Arabia to stop the executions of 14 young people for participating in the 2011–12 Saudi Arabian protests. On 2 October 2018, Saudi journalist and Wash...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	to the kingdom, "the region’s biggest music event". However, it attracted a lot controversy when lots of its high profile attendees, including Armie Hammer, Joan Smalls and Wilmer Valderrama, were criticized for engaging in "image rehab" for the kingdom, overlooking the continued human rights abuses in the country. In ...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Oman" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United Arab Emirates" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "United Arab Emirates" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Oman" ], [ "Saudi Arabi...	sovereign state in Western Asia	the Arabian Peninsula (the world's largest peninsula), lying between latitudes 16° and 33° N, and longitudes 34° and 56° E. Because the country's southern borders with the United Arab Emirates and Oman are not precisely marked, the exact size of the country is undefined. The CIA World Factbook estimates and lists Saudi...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Persian Gulf" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Red Sea" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "lowest point", "Red Sea" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	and includes the Rub' al Khali ("Empty Quarter") in the southeastern part of the country, the world's largest contiguous sand desert. Though there are a few lakes in the country, Saudi Arabia is the largest country in the world by area with no permanent rivers. Wadis, however, are very numerous. The fertile areas are t...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	narrow coastal plain, known as the Tihamah parallel to which runs an imposing escarpment. The southwest province of Asir is mountainous, and contains the Mount Sawda, which is the highest point in the country. Except for the southwestern province of Asir, Saudi Arabia has a desert climate with very high day-time temper...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Red Sea" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "lowest point", "Red Sea" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	of which are venomous. Saudi Arabia is home to a rich marine life. The Red Sea in particular is a rich and diverse ecosystem. More than 1200 species of fish have been recorded in the Red Sea, and around 10 percent of these are found nowhere else. This also includes 42 species of deepwater fish. The rich diversity is in...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Red Sea" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "lowest point", "Red Sea" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	other features such as cylinders (such as the Blue Hole (Red Sea) at Dahab). These coastal reefs are also visited by pelagic species of Red Sea fish, including some of the 44 species of shark. The Red Sea also contains many offshore reefs including several true atolls. Many of the unusual offshore reef formations defy ...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "contains administrative territorial entity", "Regions of Saudi Arabia" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	plant life mostly consists of herbs, plants and shrubs that require little water. The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) is widespread. Administrative divisions Saudi Arabia is divided into 13 regions (; manatiq idāriyya, sing. منطقة إدارية; mintaqah idariyya). The regions are further divided into 118 governorates (; muha...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "part of", "Middle East" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	economy in the Middle East and the 18th largest in the world. Saudi Arabia has the world's second-largest proven petroleum reserves and the country is the largest exporter of petroleum. It also has the fifth-largest proven natural gas reserves. Saudi Arabia is considered an "energy superpower". It has the third highest...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "OPEC" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	high rate of population growth. Per capita income fell from a high of $11,700 at the height of the oil boom in 1981 to $6,300 in 1998. Taking into account the impact of the real oil price changes on the Kingdom's real gross domestic income, the real command-basis GDP was computed to be 330.381 billion 1999 USD in 2010....	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "World Trade Organization" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	the performance of these privatized entities." The Tadawul All Share Index (TASI) of the Saudi stock exchange peaked at 16,712.64 in 2005, and closed at 8,535.60, at the end of 2013. In November 2005, Saudi Arabia was approved as a member of the World Trade Organization. Negotiations to join had focused on the degree t...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "part of", "Middle East" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	self-sufficient in a number of foodstuffs, including meat, milk and eggs. The country exports wheat, dates, dairy products, eggs, fish, poultry, fruits, vegetables and flowers to markets around the world. Dates, once a staple of the Saudi diet, are now mainly grown for global humanitarian aid. In addition, Saudi farmer...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "China" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "part of", "Middle East" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	remarkably productive annual rate of 1,800 gallons per cow, one of the highest in the world. The local dairy manufacturing company Almarai is the largest vertically integrated dairy company in the Middle East. The Kingdom's most dramatic agricultural accomplishment, noted worldwide, was its rapid transformation from im...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	3.6 tons per acre. The Kingdom has, however, stepped up fruit and vegetable production, by improving both agricultural techniques and the roads that link farmers with urban consumers. Saudi Arabia is a major exporter of fruits and vegetables to its neighbors. Among its most productive crops are watermelon, grapes, citr...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	trees soon. Consuming non-renewable groundwater resulted in the loss of an estimated four fifths of the total groundwater reserves by 2012. Water supply and sanitation Water supply and sanitation in Saudi Arabia is characterized by significant investments in seawater desalination, water distribution, sewerage and waste...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Persian Gulf" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	is supplied with desalinated water pumped from the Persian Gulf over a distance of 467 km. Given the substantial oil wealth, water is provided almost for free. Despite improvements service quality remains poor. For example, in Riyadh water was available only once every 2.5 days in 2011, while in Jeddah it is available ...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	Since 2008, the operation of urban water distribution systems is being gradually delegated to private companies as well. Tourism Although most tourism in Saudi Arabia still largely involves religious pilgrimages, there is growth in the leisure tourism sector. According to the World Bank, approximately 14.3 million peop...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Diriyah" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	foreign visitors to attend sport events and concerts. The "sharek" visa process will start with 15 December, Saudia Ad Diriyah E Prix race. In September 2019, the Kingdom announced its plans to open visa applications for visitors, where people from about 50 countries would be able to get tourist visas to Saudi. Demogra...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official language", "Arabic" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "language used", "Najdi Arabic" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "language used", "Hejazi Arabic" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "language used", "Arabi...	sovereign state in Western Asia	in urban metropolitan areas—specifically Riyadh, Jeddah, or Dammam. Its population is also quite young with over half the population under 25 years old. A large fraction are foreign nationals. (The CIA Factbook estimated that foreign nationals living in Saudi Arabia made up about 21% of the population. Other estimates ...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official language", "Arabic" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "language used", "Gulf Arabic" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "language used", "Arabic" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	8 million speakers), and Gulf Arabic (about 0.2 million speakers). Faifi is spoken by about 50,000. Saudi Sign Language is the principal language of the deaf community. The large expatriate communities also speak their own languages, the most numerous of which are Tagalog (700,000), Rohingya (400,000), Urdu (380,000), ...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located on terrain feature", "Arabian Peninsula" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	Saudi Arabia is commonly known as Wahhabism (proponents prefer the name Salafism, considering Wahhabi derogatory) , which was founded in the Arabian Peninsula by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab in the 18th century. Other denominations, such as the minority Shia Islam, are systematically suppressed. According to estimates th...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	from Islam (apostasy) and punishes it by death. According to Pew Research Center there are 390,000 Hindus in Saudi Arabia, almost all foreign workers. There may be a significant fraction of atheists and agnostics in Saudi Arabia, although they are officially called "terrorists". In its 2017 religious freedom report, th...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "Arab League" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	the population. Other sources report differing estimates. Indian: 1.5 million, Pakistani: 1.3 million, Egyptian: 900,000, Yemeni: 800,000, Bangladeshi: 400,000, Filipino: 500,000, Jordanian/Palestinian: 260,000, Indonesian: 250,000, Sri Lankan: 350,000, Sudanese: 250,000, Syrian: 100,000 and Turkish: 80,000. There are ...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	Arab states from granting them citizenship.) Saudi Arabia is not a signatory to the 1951 UN Refugee Convention. As Saudi population grows and oil export revenues stagnate, pressure for "Saudization" (the replacement of foreign workers with Saudis) has grown, and the Saudi government hopes to decrease the number of fore...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Ethiopia" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Yemen" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	entities have criticised Saudi Arabia's handling of the issue. Over 500,000 undocumented migrant workers — mostly from Somalia, Ethiopia, and Yemen — have been detained and deported since 2013. Monarchs (1932–present) King Abdulaziz (1932–1953); second longest reigning Saudi monarch. King Saud (1953–1964); third longes...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "culture", "Culture of Saudi Arabia" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	Prince. Defense Minister of Saudi Arabia. Son of King Salman. Culture Saudi Arabia has centuries-old attitudes and traditions, often derived from Arab civilization. The main factors that influence the culture of Saudi Arabia are Islamic heritage and Bedouin traditions as well as its historical role as an ancient trade ...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]
Saudi Arabia	[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ] ]	sovereign state in Western Asia	Neither Saudi citizens nor guest workers have the right of freedom of religion. The official and dominant form of Islam in the kingdom—Wahhabism—arose in the central region of Najd, in the 18th century. Proponents call the movement "Salafism", and believe that its teachings purify the practice of Islam of innovations o...	[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Persian Gulf" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Red Sea" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Gulf of Aqaba" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "part of", "Middl...

sovereign state in Western Asia

Gulf of Aqaba. It is the only country with both a Red Sea coast and a Persian Gulf coast, and most of its terrain consists of arid desert, lowland and mountains. As of October 2018, the Saudi economy was the largest in the Middle East and the 18th largest in the world. Saudi Arabia also has one of the world's youngest ...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Pakistan" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

traces of human activity in the world. The world's second-largest religion, Islam, emerged in modern-day Saudi Arabia. In the early 7th century, the Islamic prophet Muhammad united the population of Arabia and created a single Islamic religious polity. Following his death in 632, his followers rapidly expanded the terr...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "basic form of government", "Absolute monarchy" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "continent", "Asia" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

as numerous other dynasties in Asia, Africa and Europe. The area of modern-day Saudi Arabia formerly consisted of mainly four distinct regions: Hejaz, Najd and parts of Eastern Arabia (Al-Ahsa) and Southern Arabia ('Asir). The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was founded in 1932 by Ibn Saud. He united the four regions into a si...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official language", "Arabic" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "language used", "Arabic" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

within Sunni Islam has been called "the predominant feature of Saudi culture", with its global spread largely financed by the oil and gas trade. Saudi Arabia is sometimes called "the Land of the Two Holy Mosques" in reference to Al-Masjid al-Haram (in Mecca) and Al-Masjid an-Nabawi (in Medina), the two holiest places i...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

world's second largest oil reserves and the sixth largest gas reserves. The kingdom is categorized as a World Bank high-income economy with a high Human Development Index and is the only Arab country to be part of the G-20 major economies. The state has attracted criticism for a variety of reasons including: its treatm...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "Organisation of Islamic Cooperation" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "OPEC" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official language", "Arabic" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "language used", "Arabic" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

record, and its strict interpretation of Sharia law. The kingdom has the world's fifth-highest military expenditure and, according to SIPRI, was the world's second largest arms importer from 2010 to 2014. Saudi Arabia is considered a regional and middle power. In addition to the GCC, it is an active member of the Organ...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official language", "Arabic" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "language used", "Arabic" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

as "the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia" in English, it literally means "the Saudi Arab kingdom", or "the Arab Saudi Kingdom". The word "Saudi" is derived from the element as-Saʿūdīyah in the Arabic name of the country, which is a type of adjective known as a nisba, formed from the dynastic name of the Saudi royal family, the ...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "continent", "Asia" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "located on terrain feature", "Arabian Peninsula" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

ancestor. In the case of the Al Saud, this is Saud ibn Muhammad ibn Muqrin, the father of the dynasty's 18th-century founder, Muhammad bin Saud. History Prehistory There is evidence that human habitation in the Arabian Peninsula dates back to about 125,000 years ago. A 2011 study found that the first modern humans to s...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Bahrain" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Bahrain" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

that Tarout Island was the main port and the capital of Dilmun. Mesopotamian inscribed clay tablets suggests that, in the early period of Dilmun, a form of hierarchical organized political structure existed. In 1966 an earthworks in Tarout exposed ancient burial field that yielded a large impressive statue dating to th...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Bahrain" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Bahrain" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

appeared in Bahrain for the first time, where a laborious temple complex and thousands of burial mounds that dates to this period were discovered. By the Late Bronze Age, a historically recorded people and land (Median and the Medianites) in the north-western portion of Saudi Arabia are well-documented in the Bible. Ce...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Gulf of Aqaba" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "located on terrain feature", "Arabian Peninsula" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

wider domain that marked the pinnacle of Lihyan civilization. The third state occurred during the early 3rd century BC with bursting economic activity between the south and north that made Lihyan acquire large influence suitable to its strategic position on the caravan road. Lihyan was a powerful and highly organized a...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

A testimony to the extensive influence that Lihyan acquired. The Lihyanites fell into the hands of the Nabataeans around 65 BC upon their seizure of Hegra then marching to Tayma, and to their capital Dedan in 9 BC. The Nabataeans ruled large portions of north Arabia until their domain was annexed by the Roman Empire. M...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Pakistan" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

in about 571 CE. In the early 7th century, Muhammad united the various tribes of the peninsula and created a single Islamic religious polity. Following his death in 632, his followers rapidly expanded the territory under Muslim rule beyond Arabia, conquering huge and unprecedented swathes of territory (from the Iberian...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Persian Gulf" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

(632–661), Umayyad (661–750), Abbasid (750–1517) and the Fatimid (909–1171) caliphates. From the 10th century to the early 20th century, Mecca and Medina were under the control of a local Arab ruler known as the Sharif of Mecca, but at most times the Sharif owed allegiance to the ruler of one of the major Islamic empir...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Bahrain" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Bahrain" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

the Muslim world, particularly with their theft of the Black Stone. In 1077–1078, an Arab Sheikh named Abdullah bin Ali Al Uyuni defeated the Qarmatians in Bahrain and al-Hasa with the help of the Great Seljuq Empire and founded the Uyunid dynasty. The Uyunid Emirate later underwent expansion with its territory stretch...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Persian Gulf" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Red Sea" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Oman" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Iraq" ], [ ...

sovereign state in Western Asia

took control of the region after overthrowing the Jarwanids in the 15th century and clashed with Hormuz for more than two decades over the region for its economic revenues, until finally agreeing to pay tribute in 1507. Al-Muntafiq tribe later took over the region and came under Ottoman suzerainty. The Bani Khalid trib...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Red Sea" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "lowest point", "Red Sea" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

Al-Ahsa) to the Empire and claimed suzerainty over the interior. One reason was to thwart Portuguese attempts to attack the Red Sea (hence the Hejaz) and the Indian Ocean. Ottoman degree of control over these lands varied over the next four centuries with the fluctuating strength or weakness of the Empire's central aut...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

Saud, began in Nejd in central Arabia in 1744, when Muhammad bin Saud, founder of the dynasty, joined forces with the religious leader Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, founder of the Wahhabi movement, a strict puritanical form of Sunni Islam. This alliance formed in the 18th century provided the ideological impetus to Saudi...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Kuwait" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Kuwait" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Egypt" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

by 1818 by the Ottoman viceroy of Egypt, Mohammed Ali Pasha. A much smaller second "Saudi state", located mainly in Nejd, was established in 1824. Throughout the rest of the 19th century, the Al Saud contested control of the interior of what was to become Saudi Arabia with another Arabian ruling family, the Al Rashid, ...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

peninsula. Subject to this suzerainty, Arabia was ruled by a patchwork of tribal rulers, with the Sharif of Mecca having pre-eminence and ruling the Hejaz. In 1902, Abdul Rahman's son, Abdul Aziz—later to be known as Ibn Saud—recaptured control of Riyadh bringing the Al Saud back to Nejd, creating the third "Saudi stat...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Kuwait" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Iraq" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Kuwait" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Iraq" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

Sultan of Nejd in 1921. With the help of the Ikhwan, the Kingdom of Hejaz was conquered in 1924–25 and on 10 January 1926, Ibn Saud declared himself King of Hejaz. A year later, he added the title of King of Nejd. For the next five years, he administered the two parts of his dual kingdom as separate units. After the co...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "public holiday", "Saudi National Day" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

danger of a direct conflict with the British. At the same time, the Ikhwan became disenchanted with Ibn Saud's domestic policies which appeared to favor modernization and the increase in the number of non-Muslim foreigners in the country. As a result, they turned against Ibn Saud and, after a two-year struggle, were de...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Persian Gulf" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

kingdom was reliant on limited agriculture and pilgrimage revenues. In 1938, vast reserves of oil were discovered in the Al-Ahsa region along the coast of the Persian Gulf, and full-scale development of the oil fields began in 1941 under the US-controlled Aramco (Arabian American Oil Company). Oil provided Saudi Arabia...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "head of state", "Saud of Saudi Arabia" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "head of state", "Faisal of Saudi Arabia" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "office held by head of state", "King of Saudi Arabia" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "head of government", "Saud of Saudi A...

sovereign state in Western Asia

increasingly wasteful and extravagant. By the 1950s this had led to large governmental deficits and excessive foreign borrowing. In 1953, Saud of Saudi Arabia succeeded as the king of Saudi Arabia, on his father's death, until 1964 when he was deposed in favor of his half brother Faisal of Saudi Arabia, after an intens...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Syria" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Egypt" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

Yom Kippur War against Egypt and Syria. Oil prices quadrupled. In 1975, Faisal was assassinated by his nephew, Prince Faisal bin Musaid and was succeeded by his half-brother King Khalid. By 1976, Saudi Arabia had become the largest oil producer in the world. Khalid's reign saw economic and social development progress a...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

Iranian Islamic Revolution. It was feared that the country's Shi'ite minority in the Eastern Province (which is also the location of the oil fields) might rebel under the influence of their Iranian co-religionists. There were several anti-government uprisings in the region such as the 1979 Qatif Uprising. The second ev...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

response of the royal family was to enforce a much stricter observance of traditional religious and social norms in the country (for example, the closure of cinemas) and to give the Ulema a greater role in government. Neither entirely succeeded as Islamism continued to grow in strength. In 1980, Saudi Arabia bought out...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

of "majesty" in association with anything except God. Fahd continued to develop close relations with the United States and increased the purchase of American and British military equipment. The vast wealth generated by oil revenues was beginning to have an even greater impact on Saudi society. It led to rapid technolog...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Kuwait" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Iran" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Iraq" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with...

sovereign state in Western Asia

to be monopolized by the royal family leading to discontent among many Saudis who began to look for wider participation in government. In the 1980s, Saudi Arabia spent $25 billion in support of Saddam Hussein in the Iran–Iraq War. However, Saudi Arabia condemned the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990 and asked the US to ...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Kuwait" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Iraq" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Kuwait" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Iraq" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

Saudi Arabian forces were involved both in bombing raids on Iraq and in the land invasion that helped to liberate Kuwait. Saudi Arabia's relations with the West began to cause growing concern among some of the ulema and students of sharia law and was one of the issues that led to an increase in Islamist terrorism in Sa...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "participant in", "September 11 attacks" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Yemen" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

USS Cole bombing near the port of Aden, Yemen. 15 of the 19 terrorists involved in September 11 attacks in New York City, Washington, D.C., and near Shanksville, Pennsylvania were Saudi nationals. Many Saudis who did not support the Islamist terrorists were nevertheless deeply unhappy with the government's policies. Is...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

Fahd suffered a debilitating stroke, and the Crown Prince, Abdullah, assumed the role of de facto regent, taking on the day-to-day running of the country. However, his authority was hindered by conflict with Fahd's full brothers (known, with Fahd, as the "Sudairi Seven"). From the 1990s, signs of discontent continued a...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

by Abdullah, who continued the policy of minimum reform and clamping down on protests. The king introduced a number of economic reforms aimed at reducing the country's reliance on oil revenue: limited deregulation, encouragement of foreign investment, and privatization. In February 2009, Abdullah announced a series of ...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

same year, King Abdullah announced a package of $93 billion, which included 500,000 new homes to a cost of $67 billion, in addition to creating 60,000 new security jobs. Although male-only municipal elections were held on 29 September 2011, Abdullah allowed women to vote and be elected in the 2015 municipal elections, ...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "basic form of government", "Absolute monarchy" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

and one based on a blacklist run by Saudi Arabia's Ministry of Media, which primarily censors websites critical of the Saudi regime or associated with parties that are opposed to or opposed by Saudi Arabia. Politics Saudi Arabia is an absolute monarchy. However, according to the Basic Law of Saudi Arabia adopted by roy...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

recent years there have been limited steps to widen political participation such as the establishment of the Consultative Council in the early 1990s and the National Dialogue Forum in 2003. The rule of the Al Saud faces political opposition from four sources: Sunni Islamist activism; liberal critics; the Shi'ite minori...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "executive body", "Council of Ministers of Saudi Arabia" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

even if peaceful, is not tolerated. Monarchy and royal family The king combines legislative, executive, and judicial functions and royal decrees form the basis of the country's legislation. The king is also the prime minister, and presides over the Council of Ministers of Saudi Arabia and Consultative Assembly of Saudi...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "contains administrative territorial entity", "Riyadh Province" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

to his death in 2012, Prince Saud who had been Minister of Foreign Affairs since 1975 and current King Salman, who was Minister of Defense and Aviation before he was crown prince and Governor of the Riyadh Province from 1962 to 2011. The current Minister of Defense is Prince Mohammad bin Salman, the son of King Salman ...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

Ideological divisions include issues over the speed and direction of reform, and whether the role of the ulema should be increased or reduced. There were divisions within the family over who should succeed to the throne after the accession or earlier death of Prince Sultan. When prince Sultan died before ascending to t...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

business in the country. The enforcement of the anti-corruption laws is selective and public officials engage in corruption with impunity. A number of prominent Saudi Arabian princes, government ministers, and businesspeople, including Prince Al-Waleed bin Talal, were arrested in Saudi Arabia in November 2017. There ha...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

government. The preferred ulema are of the Salafi persuasion. The ulema have also been a key influence in major government decisions, for example the imposition of the oil embargo in 1973 and the invitation to foreign troops to Saudi Arabia in 1990. In addition, they have had a major role in the judicial and education ...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

by the Al ash-Sheikh, the country's leading religious family. The Al ash-Sheikh are the descendants of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, the 18th-century founder of the Wahhabi form of Sunni Islam which is today dominant in Saudi Arabia. The family is second in prestige only to the Al Saud (the royal family) with whom they f...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

form part of the ulema, the country's Islamic scholars. Royal decrees are the other main source of law; but are referred to as regulations rather than laws because they are subordinate to the Sharia. Royal decrees supplement Sharia in areas such as labor, commercial and corporate law. Additionally, traditional tribal l...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

to be replaced by imprisonment or fines. Atheism or "calling into question the fundamentals of the Islamic religion on which this country is based" is considered a terrorist crime. Lashings are a common form of punishment and are often imposed for offences against religion and public morality such as drinking alcohol a...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "Arab League" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "Gulf Cooperation Council" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

for a payment of diyya (blood money), by the perpetrator. Even after allowing women to drive and work, public places in Saudi Arabia are still gender-segregated and the kingdom has very strict laws on how unrelated men and women can dine together. In September 2018, a man was arrested by the Saudi authorities for appea...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "Arab League" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "World Trade Organization" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "Organisation of Islamic Cooperation" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "OPEC" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

the Islamic Conference (now the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation). It plays a prominent role in the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, and in 2005 joined the World Trade Organization. Saudi Arabia supports the intended formation of the Arab Customs Union in 2015 and an Arab common market by 2020, as ann...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Japan" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United Kingdom" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

other Arab nations imposed an oil embargo against the United States, United Kingdom, Japan and other Western nations which supported Israel in the Yom Kippur War of October 1973. The embargo caused an oil crisis with many short- and long-term effects on global politics and the global economy. Between the mid-1970s and ...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

aid and Wahhabism has fomented extremism in recipient countries. The two main allegations are that, by its nature, Wahhabism encourages intolerance and promotes terrorism. Counting only the non-Muslim-majority countries, Saudi Arabia has paid for the construction of 1359 mosques, 210 Islamic centres, 202 colleges and 2...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Yemen" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

administration, although Obama had authorized US forces to provide logistical and intelligence support to the Saudis in their military intervention in Yemen, establishing a joint coordination planning cell with the Saudi military that is helping manage the war, and CIA used Saudi bases for drone assassinations in Yemen...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Persian Gulf" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "China" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Iraq" ], [ "Saudi A...

sovereign state in Western Asia

billion immediately, and $350 billion over 10 years. In the Arab and Muslim worlds, Saudi Arabia is considered to be pro-Western and pro-American, and it is certainly a long-term ally of the United States. However, this and Saudi Arabia's role in the 1991 Persian Gulf War, particularly the stationing of US troops on Sa...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "China" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

Arabia are major allies, with relationship between the two countries growing significantly in recent decades. Majority of Saudi Arabians also expressed a favorable view of China. In February 2019, Crown Prince Mohammad defended China's Xinjiang re-education camps for Uyghur Muslims, saying "China has the right to carry...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Iran" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Jordan" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

to increasing alarm within the Saudi monarchy over the rise of Iran's influence in the region. These fears were reflected in comments of King Abdullah, who privately urged the United States to attack Iran and "cut off the head of the snake". The tentative rapprochement between the US and Iran that began in secret in 20...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Bahrain" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Iran" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Bahrain" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

Saudis' worst nightmare would be the [Obama] administration striking a grand bargain with Iran." A trip to Saudi by US President Barack Obama in 2014 included discussions of US–Iran relations, though these failed to resolve Riyadh's concerns. In order to protect the house of Khalifa, the monarchs of Bahrain, Saudi Arab...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Turkey" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Qatar" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Qatar" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border wit...

sovereign state in Western Asia

Sunni Muslim states, started a military intervention in Yemen against the Shia Houthis and forces loyal to former President Ali Abdullah Saleh, who was deposed in the 2011 Arab Spring uprisings. At least 56,000 people have been killed in armed violence in Yemen between January 2016 and October 2018. Saudi Arabia, toget...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Sweden" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "Arab League" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

covert operation to train and arm Syrian rebels. Following a number of incidents during the Hajj season, the deadliest of which killed at least 2,070 pilgrim in 2015 Mina stampede, Saudi Arabia has been accused of mismanagement and focusing on increasing money revenues while neglecting pilgrims' welfare. In March 2015,...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Sweden" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Qatar" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Tunisia" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Qatar" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border w...

sovereign state in Western Asia

Saudi Arabia recalling its ambassador to Sweden. Saudi Arabia has been seen as a moderating influence in the Arab–Israeli conflict, periodically putting forward a peace plan between Israel and the Palestinians and condemning Hezbollah. Following the Arab Spring Saudi Arabia offered asylum to deposed President Zine El A...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Canada" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Iran" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Qatar" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Qatar" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

appeared to be exploring ways of ending the rift. Saudi Arabia and its allies have criticized Qatar-based TV channel Al Jazeera and Qatar's relations with Iran. In 2017, Saudi Arabia imposed a land, naval and air blockade on Qatar. Saudi Arabia halted new trade and investment dealings with Canada and suspended diplomat...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Turkey" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

of Khashoggi being murdered inside the consulate; this has strained the already suffering Saudi Arabia–Turkey relations. As stated by Ozgur Unluhisarcikli, director of the German Marshall Fund’s Ankara office "Turkey is maintaining a very delicate balance in its relations with Saudi Arabia. The relations have the poten...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Germany" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "France" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Yemen" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

Saudi Foreign Ministry retaliated with an equal statement saying, "it will respond with greater action," indicating the kingdom’s "influential and vital role in the global economy." A joint statement was issued by Britain, France and Germany also demanding a "credible investigation to establish the truth about what hap...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "United Nations" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "located on terrain feature", "Arabian Peninsula" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

pushed to the brink of famine. According to the United Nations, the Arabian peninsula nation is home to the world’s worst humanitarian crisis. More than 50,000 children in Yemen died from starvation in 2017. The famine in Yemen is the direct result of the Saudi-led intervention and blockade of the rebel-held area. In t...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Yemen" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

stop their airstrikes on populated areas in Yemen. Theresa May backed the US call to end the coalition. President of the International Rescue Committee David Miliband called the US announcement as "the most significant breakthrough in the war in Yemen for four years". Jeremy Hunt, the UK Foreign Secretary, on his visit...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Syria" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Qatar" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Qatar" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with...

sovereign state in Western Asia

Hunt and Boris Johnson "played an utterly central and complicit role in arming and supporting the Saudi-led destruction of Yemen." Allegations of sponsoring global terrorism According to the Iraqi prime minister Nouri al-Maliki in March 2014, Saudi Arabia along with Qatar provided political, financial and media support...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Qatar" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Qatar" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

attacks. American politicians and media accused the Saudi government of supporting terrorism and tolerating a jihadist culture. Indeed, Osama bin Laden and 15 out of the 19 9/11 hijackers were from Saudi Arabia; in ISIL-occupied Raqqa, in mid-2014, all 12 judges were Saudi. The leaked US Department of State memo, dated...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "participant in", "September 11 attacks" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

Act that would allow relatives of victims of the September 11 attacks to sue Saudi Arabia for its government's alleged role in the attacks. Congress overwhelmingly rejected President Barack Obama's veto. According to Sir William Patey, former British ambassador to Saudi Arabia, the kingdom funds mosques throughout Euro...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Pakistan" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

SANG had 75,000 active soldiers and 25,000 tribal levies. In addition, there is an Al Mukhabarat Al A'amah military intelligence service. The kingdom has a long-standing military relationship with Pakistan, it has long been speculated that Saudi Arabia secretly funded Pakistan's atomic bomb programme and seeks to purch...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "France" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

Its modern high-technology arsenal makes Saudi Arabia among the world's most densely armed nations, with its military equipment being supplied primarily by the US, France and Britain. The United States sold more than $80 billion in military hardware between 1951 and 2006 to the Saudi military. On 20 October 2010, the U...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "France" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Japan" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United Kingdom" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

$67bn, overtaking that of the UK, France and Japan to place fourth globally. The United Kingdom has also been a major supplier of military equipment to Saudi Arabia since 1965. Since 1985, the UK has supplied military aircraft—notably the Tornado and Eurofighter Typhoon combat aircraft—and other equipment as part of th...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Canada" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "France" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

Institute, SIPRI, in 2010–14 Saudi Arabia became the world's second largest arms importer, receiving four times more major arms than in 2005–2009. Major imports in 2010–14 included 45 combat aircraft from the UK, 38 combat helicopters from the US, four tanker aircraft from Spain and over 600 armoured vehicles from Cana...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Yemen" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

in weapons sales to Saudi Arabia in 2015 alone. The $15 billion arms deal with Saudi Arabia is believed to be the largest arms sale in Canadian history. In 2016, the European Parliament decided to temporarily impose an arms embargo against Saudi Arabia, as a result of the Yemen civilian population's suffering from the ...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Germany" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

conducted by YouGov for Save the Children and Avaaz stated that 63 percent of British people oppose the sale of weapons to Saudi. Following the killing of Jamal Khashoggi, a nonbinding resolution was passed in the European Parliament on 25 October 2018, urging EU countries to impose an EU-wide arms embargo on Saudi Ara...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

record, the Saudi government points to the special Islamic character of the country, and asserts that this justifies a different social and political order. The United States Commission on International Religious Freedom had unsuccessfully urged President Barack Obama to raise human rights concerns with King Abdullah o...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

May 2014, Ali al-Nimr was sentenced to be publicly beheaded and crucified. In 2013, the government deported thousands of non-Saudis, many of them who were working illegally in the country or had overstayed their visas. Many reports abound, of foreigner workers being tortured either by employers or others. This resulted...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "United Nations" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

to "instill the true values of the Islamic faith, such as tolerance and moderation." This "tolerance and moderation" has been called into question by the Baltimore Sun, based on the reports from Amnesty International regarding Raif Badawi, and in the case of a man from Hafr al-Batin sentenced to death for rejecting Isl...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Turkey" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

pro-democracy demonstrations and for free elections in Saudi Arabia. In August 2017, ten Nobel Peace Prize laureates, including Desmond Tutu and Lech Wałęsa, urged Saudi Arabia to stop the executions of 14 young people for participating in the 2011–12 Saudi Arabian protests. On 2 October 2018, Saudi journalist and Wash...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

to the kingdom, "the region’s biggest music event". However, it attracted a lot controversy when lots of its high profile attendees, including Armie Hammer, Joan Smalls and Wilmer Valderrama, were criticized for engaging in "image rehab" for the kingdom, overlooking the continued human rights abuses in the country. In ...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Oman" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United Arab Emirates" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "United Arab Emirates" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Oman" ], [ "Saudi Arabi...

sovereign state in Western Asia

the Arabian Peninsula (the world's largest peninsula), lying between latitudes 16° and 33° N, and longitudes 34° and 56° E. Because the country's southern borders with the United Arab Emirates and Oman are not precisely marked, the exact size of the country is undefined. The CIA World Factbook estimates and lists Saudi...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Persian Gulf" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Red Sea" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "lowest point", "Red Sea" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

and includes the Rub' al Khali ("Empty Quarter") in the southeastern part of the country, the world's largest contiguous sand desert. Though there are a few lakes in the country, Saudi Arabia is the largest country in the world by area with no permanent rivers. Wadis, however, are very numerous. The fertile areas are t...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

narrow coastal plain, known as the Tihamah parallel to which runs an imposing escarpment. The southwest province of Asir is mountainous, and contains the Mount Sawda, which is the highest point in the country. Except for the southwestern province of Asir, Saudi Arabia has a desert climate with very high day-time temper...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Red Sea" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "lowest point", "Red Sea" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

of which are venomous. Saudi Arabia is home to a rich marine life. The Red Sea in particular is a rich and diverse ecosystem. More than 1200 species of fish have been recorded in the Red Sea, and around 10 percent of these are found nowhere else. This also includes 42 species of deepwater fish. The rich diversity is in...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Red Sea" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "lowest point", "Red Sea" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

other features such as cylinders (such as the Blue Hole (Red Sea) at Dahab). These coastal reefs are also visited by pelagic species of Red Sea fish, including some of the 44 species of shark. The Red Sea also contains many offshore reefs including several true atolls. Many of the unusual offshore reef formations defy ...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "contains administrative territorial entity", "Regions of Saudi Arabia" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

plant life mostly consists of herbs, plants and shrubs that require little water. The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) is widespread. Administrative divisions Saudi Arabia is divided into 13 regions (; manatiq idāriyya, sing. منطقة إدارية; mintaqah idariyya). The regions are further divided into 118 governorates (; muha...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "part of", "Middle East" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

economy in the Middle East and the 18th largest in the world. Saudi Arabia has the world's second-largest proven petroleum reserves and the country is the largest exporter of petroleum. It also has the fifth-largest proven natural gas reserves. Saudi Arabia is considered an "energy superpower". It has the third highest...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "OPEC" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

high rate of population growth. Per capita income fell from a high of $11,700 at the height of the oil boom in 1981 to $6,300 in 1998. Taking into account the impact of the real oil price changes on the Kingdom's real gross domestic income, the real command-basis GDP was computed to be 330.381 billion 1999 USD in 2010....

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "World Trade Organization" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

the performance of these privatized entities." The Tadawul All Share Index (TASI) of the Saudi stock exchange peaked at 16,712.64 in 2005, and closed at 8,535.60, at the end of 2013. In November 2005, Saudi Arabia was approved as a member of the World Trade Organization. Negotiations to join had focused on the degree t...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "part of", "Middle East" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

self-sufficient in a number of foodstuffs, including meat, milk and eggs. The country exports wheat, dates, dairy products, eggs, fish, poultry, fruits, vegetables and flowers to markets around the world. Dates, once a staple of the Saudi diet, are now mainly grown for global humanitarian aid. In addition, Saudi farmer...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "China" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "part of", "Middle East" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

remarkably productive annual rate of 1,800 gallons per cow, one of the highest in the world. The local dairy manufacturing company Almarai is the largest vertically integrated dairy company in the Middle East. The Kingdom's most dramatic agricultural accomplishment, noted worldwide, was its rapid transformation from im...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

3.6 tons per acre. The Kingdom has, however, stepped up fruit and vegetable production, by improving both agricultural techniques and the roads that link farmers with urban consumers. Saudi Arabia is a major exporter of fruits and vegetables to its neighbors. Among its most productive crops are watermelon, grapes, citr...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

trees soon. Consuming non-renewable groundwater resulted in the loss of an estimated four fifths of the total groundwater reserves by 2012. Water supply and sanitation Water supply and sanitation in Saudi Arabia is characterized by significant investments in seawater desalination, water distribution, sewerage and waste...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located in or next to body of water", "Persian Gulf" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

is supplied with desalinated water pumped from the Persian Gulf over a distance of 467 km. Given the substantial oil wealth, water is provided almost for free. Despite improvements service quality remains poor. For example, in Riyadh water was available only once every 2.5 days in 2011, while in Jeddah it is available ...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

Since 2008, the operation of urban water distribution systems is being gradually delegated to private companies as well. Tourism Although most tourism in Saudi Arabia still largely involves religious pilgrimages, there is growth in the leisure tourism sector. According to the World Bank, approximately 14.3 million peop...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Diriyah" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

foreign visitors to attend sport events and concerts. The "sharek" visa process will start with 15 December, Saudia Ad Diriyah E Prix race. In September 2019, the Kingdom announced its plans to open visa applications for visitors, where people from about 50 countries would be able to get tourist visas to Saudi. Demogra...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "capital", "Riyadh" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official language", "Arabic" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "language used", "Najdi Arabic" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "language used", "Hejazi Arabic" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "language used", "Arabi...

sovereign state in Western Asia

in urban metropolitan areas—specifically Riyadh, Jeddah, or Dammam. Its population is also quite young with over half the population under 25 years old. A large fraction are foreign nationals. (The CIA Factbook estimated that foreign nationals living in Saudi Arabia made up about 21% of the population. Other estimates ...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official language", "Arabic" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "language used", "Gulf Arabic" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "language used", "Arabic" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

8 million speakers), and Gulf Arabic (about 0.2 million speakers). Faifi is spoken by about 50,000. Saudi Sign Language is the principal language of the deaf community. The large expatriate communities also speak their own languages, the most numerous of which are Tagalog (700,000), Rohingya (400,000), Urdu (380,000), ...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "located on terrain feature", "Arabian Peninsula" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

Saudi Arabia is commonly known as Wahhabism (proponents prefer the name Salafism, considering Wahhabi derogatory) , which was founded in the Arabian Peninsula by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab in the 18th century. Other denominations, such as the minority Shia Islam, are systematically suppressed. According to estimates th...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

from Islam (apostasy) and punishes it by death. According to Pew Research Center there are 390,000 Hindus in Saudi Arabia, almost all foreign workers. There may be a significant fraction of atheists and agnostics in Saudi Arabia, although they are officially called "terrorists". In its 2017 religious freedom report, th...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "member of", "Arab League" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

the population. Other sources report differing estimates. Indian: 1.5 million, Pakistani: 1.3 million, Egyptian: 900,000, Yemeni: 800,000, Bangladeshi: 400,000, Filipino: 500,000, Jordanian/Palestinian: 260,000, Indonesian: 250,000, Sri Lankan: 350,000, Sudanese: 250,000, Syrian: 100,000 and Turkish: 80,000. There are ...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "instance of", "Country" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

Arab states from granting them citizenship.) Saudi Arabia is not a signatory to the 1951 UN Refugee Convention. As Saudi population grows and oil export revenues stagnate, pressure for "Saudization" (the replacement of foreign workers with Saudis) has grown, and the Saudi government hopes to decrease the number of fore...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Yemen" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "Ethiopia" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "shares border with", "Yemen" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

entities have criticised Saudi Arabia's handling of the issue. Over 500,000 undocumented migrant workers — mostly from Somalia, Ethiopia, and Yemen — have been detained and deported since 2013. Monarchs (1932–present) King Abdulaziz (1932–1953); second longest reigning Saudi monarch. King Saud (1953–1964); third longes...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "culture", "Culture of Saudi Arabia" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

Prince. Defense Minister of Saudi Arabia. Son of King Salman. Culture Saudi Arabia has centuries-old attitudes and traditions, often derived from Arab civilization. The main factors that influence the culture of Saudi Arabia are Islamic heritage and Bedouin traditions as well as its historical role as an ancient trade ...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]

Saudi Arabia

[ [ "Saudi Arabia", "diplomatic relation", "United States" ], [ "Saudi Arabia", "official religion", "Islam" ] ]

sovereign state in Western Asia

Neither Saudi citizens nor guest workers have the right of freedom of religion. The official and dominant form of Islam in the kingdom—Wahhabism—arose in the central region of Najd, in the 18th century. Proponents call the movement "Salafism", and believe that its teachings purify the practice of Islam of innovations o...

[ "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "🇸🇦", "KSA", "sa" ]