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Question: A car has a small gasoline engine combined with a battery-powered electric motor. When the car stops at a red light, the gasoline engine stops running and the electric motor begins working. How does this type of car most likely benefit people?
Answer: uses less gasoline |
Question: Increased populations can lead to the depletion of locally available resources. Compared to other communities, which of these locally available resources is most likely to be depleted in desert communities?
Answer: water |
Question: Where is the first place a scientist should present new research data about the structure of a galaxy in order to receive the most appropriate review of the research?
Answer: a peer-reviewed science journal |
Question: Which action most likely causes large rocks to become smaller pieces of rock?
Answer: weathering by wind and water |
Question: European starlings are birds that take over the nests of other birds. When they move into an area, starlings reproduce quickly. Taking over the nests of other birds most likely increases the number of starlings by helping them to do what?
Answer: compete for resources |
Question: Many bacteria are decomposer organisms. Which of the following statements best describes how these bacteria help make soil more fertile?
Answer: The bacteria break down plant and animal matter. |
Question: In Rutherford's experiment, what caused some high-energy particles to bounce off the metal, while most pass straight through?
Answer: positive charges |
Question: Jenny's class made an instrument to measure air pressure. The instrument is a
Answer: barometer. |
Question: Condensation in the water cycle can best be described as the result of water vapor
Answer: rising into the atmosphere, cooling and changing into a liquid form. |
Question: New carpet is being measured for a room that is 5.5 m by 4.6 m. On a measuring tape, what is the smallest unit that is necessary to measure the room accurately for the carpet?
Answer: centimeters |
Question: How does an ecosystem benefit when leaves fall from a tree and decompose on the soil?
Answer: Nutrients are released into the soil. |
Question: Which of the following gases do plants use in photosynthesis?
Answer: carbon dioxide |
Question: During an ice age, enormous ice sheets called glaciers increase in size on Earth's surface, resulting in decreased ocean depths. Due to global cooling, the water cycle is disrupted between which two stages to cause an increase in glacier size?
Answer: precipitation and runoff |
Question: Different units of measurement are more useful in some settings than in others. Which unit of measurement is most used when comparing distances within the solar system?
Answer: the astronomical unit |
Question: The formation of diamonds requires tremendous pressure that is generated
Answer: deep below the crust. |
Question: What characteristic helps a rabbit survive in a winter environment?
Answer: camouflage |
Question: A science class is taking a field trip to a forest to observe and study birds. Which tool would be most helpful for observing birds?
Answer: binoculars |
Question: An example of an instinct is
Answer: salmon returning to their birthplace to lay their eggs. |
Question: During which change of state do the particles of a substance move from being tightly packed together to having more freedom of movement?
Answer: a solid becoming a liquid |
Question: When astronauts walked on the Moon, they used weighted boots to help them walk due to the lower gravitational pull. What difference between Earth and the Moon accounts for the difference in gravity?
Answer: mass |
Question: A population of wood mice lives in a cool, moist temperate forest. Several years of hot, dry weather have affected the plants in the area. Which mice in the population are most likely to survive this change and pass their genes on to their offspring?
Answer: those with traits most adapted to the new environment |
Question: Harmful ultraviolet rays from the Sun are primarily absorbed by
Answer: ozone. |
Question: Which of these is most likely caused by the action of water, wind, and animals?
Answer: erosion |
Question: The core of Earth is divided into two layers. The outer core is made of
Answer: molten iron and nickel. |
Question: Offshore oil platforms affect ocean habitats. An ocean environment is most likely damaged by an offshore oil platform because
Answer: leaking oil from the oil platform might pollute the water |
Question: An object such as a hammer weighs less on the Moon than on Earth. This is because the Moon has a
Answer: lower mass than Earth. |
Question: A scientist plans a project to determine the effect of rain on the formation of caves. An area of rock has been chosen as the site for the investigation. How often should the scientist measure the changes in the rock?
Answer: every year |
Question: Which type of rock is formed from limestone that has been compacted, heated, and recrystallized?
Answer: marble |
Question: Isabel goes jogging for two miles on a sunny afternoon. At the end of her run, she is warmer. As Isabel jogs, which function does the skin perform to help stabilize her body temperature?
Answer: Her skin discharges water. |
Question: Which cell can survive without the help of other cells?
Answer: yeast cell |
Question: Two students make hot chocolate. One student pours the hot chocolate into a foam cup. The other student pours the hot chocolate into a metal cup. The metal cup becomes too hot to touch, but the foam cup can be held comfortably. The best explanation for this difference in temperature is that the foam cup-- A heats up much faster than the metal cup
Answer: is a better conductor of heat than the metal cup |
Question: Frogs and salamanders compete with each other for insects. Both frogs and salamanders catch flying insects with their tongues. Which feature would most likely help both animals compete for flying insects?
Answer: sticky tongues |
Question: Which interaction benefits both organisms?
Answer: a bee pollinating a flower |
Question: Which type of rock is formed when limestone is subjected to heat and pressure?
Answer: marble |
Question: Jenny measures the outside temperature as 16 degrees Celsius (°C), 61 degrees Fahrenheit (°F). She observes precipitation falling from the clouds in a solid form. What type of precipitation is Jenny most likely observing?
Answer: hail |
Question: A change in the environment that causes a response is known as a
Answer: stimulus |
Question: Aluminum is an element. Which of the following best describes the smallest particle of aluminum that retains all the properties of aluminum?
Answer: an atom |
Question: What advantage do sea stars gain from having radial symmetry?
Answer: They sense predators and potential food from all directions. |
Question: A student has a ball of clay that sinks when placed in a pan of water. Which property should he change to make the clay float?
Answer: shape |
Question: The population of which of the following 26 organisms would most likely decline if small animals like rats, rabbits, and snakes were eliminated from an ecosystem?
Answer: hawks |
Question: During a lab investigation, students were asked to determine the best way to clean up an oil spill using different materials. Investigation Materials • filter paper • foam sponge • metal wire screen • thin sock filled with hair The students tested the materials by placing each material into separate buckets containing oil and water. They recorded their observations on which material absorbed the most oil. Why would the students' teacher ask them to repeat their tests?
Answer: to improve the chances of obtaining accurate oil cleanup results |
Question: A delta can be seen from the air at the mouth of the Mississippi River. This delta was formed by
Answer: deposition of sediment. |
Question: The nose, mouth, and diaphragm are parts of which body system?
Answer: respiratory |
Question: Students are studying some leaves. They group the leaves by shape. Which science process are the students using when they put the leaves in different groups?
Answer: classifying |
Question: The thin, semi-permeable membrane that encloses a cell allows nutrients to enter and wastes to be
Answer: excreted. |
Question: A small, fast-moving river in is in a V-shaped valley on the slope of a mountain. If you follow the river to where it passes through a plain, what will the river most likely look like compared with how it looked on the mountain?
Answer: Slower and wider |
Question: The atmosphere of Mars is almost entirely composed of a greenhouse gas. Compared with Earth, which factor accounts for the low, nighttime surface temperatures on Mars?
Answer: The atmosphere on Mars has an extremely low density. |
Question: Asexually produced offspring are genetically
Answer: identical to the parent |
Question: A teacher asks her students to examine titles of four scientific articles. Which titled article is specifically about a chemical change?
Answer: How Baking Soda Reacts With Vinegar |
Question: Nuclear fusion is the source of energy for stars. Besides hydrogen, which other element is most likely also common in stars?
Answer: helium |
Question: Plants in a forest need to obtain nutrients from the soil to survive. How do most of the nutrients get back in the soil once the forest plants have used them for growth?
Answer: Organic matter recycles from dead organisms. |
Question: Conjugation in a paramecium differs from sexual reproduction in volvox because conjugation
Answer: results in two genetically identical cells. |
Question: Which of the following helps to produce urine in humans and other mammals?
Answer: kidneys |
Question: A scientist looks at a graph that shows the percentages of humus, clay, and sand that make up a soil. If the scientist had the total weight of each material, instead of percentages, what type of graph would be best to illustrate the data?
Answer: bar graph |
Question: Which unit of measurement describes an object's length?
Answer: meter |
Question: Which organ is part of the respiratory system?
Answer: lungs |
Question: The iron in iron-rich red soils may not be in a form that can be taken up by tree roots. As a result, leaves and needles may look yellow. Some trees release acids that convert iron in soil to a usable form. This change in soil chemistry is a type of which process?
Answer: weathering |
Question: The action that results when waves made in a pond strike the edges and bounce back is known as
Answer: reflection. |
Question: Sleet and hail are forms of
Answer: precipitation |
Question: Astronomers have determined the surface temperature of stars by studying their colors. What color emission represents stars with the hottest temperatures?
Answer: blue |
Question: Because sulfur cannot be decomposed by simple chemical methods into two or more different substances, it is classified as
Answer: an element. |
Question: The students watch ocean waves crash on a beach. Which statement describes what will most likely happen because of the waves?
Answer: Sand from the beach will wash away. |
Question: When plants and animals die, which organisms help return nutrients to the food chain?
Answer: decomposers |
Question: Which object used in an experiment can safely be recycled?
Answer: an aluminum can |
Question: Evidence that living things have evolved over hundreds of millions of years can be found in
Answer: rocks containing fossils |
Question: What causes the blue color of the sky?
Answer: scattering of light by matter in the atmosphere |
Question: As the population of small fish in a lake decreases, the population of large fish that depend on the small fish for food will
Answer: decrease in number |
Question: Living organisms require energy for biological processes. Chemical energy in a plant cell is
Answer: converted from solar energy. |
Question: Pollen is necessary for a flowering plant to
Answer: reproduce. |
Question: Which gas makes up the greatest percentage of Earth's atmosphere?
Answer: nitrogen |
Question: Which is the best explanation of the term ecology?
Answer: the study of organisms and their interactions with the environment |
Question: A student leaves a rock in the Sun on a bright afternoon. An hour after sunset, the weather is cool, but the rock still feels warm. The student has demonstrated a property of the rock resulting directly from which of the rock's other properties?
Answer: its specific heat |
Question: Which characteristic is not an inherited trait?
Answer: personality |
Question: Eating leafy vegetables is important for human health. This is because leafy vegetables are a good source of which of the following?
Answer: minerals |
Question: What is necessary to use on a telescope in order to photograph solar flares and solar prominences?
Answer: a light filter |
Question: Near Earth's equator, water generally exists naturally in the liquid and gas states. In which other part of Earth is water usually found naturally in only two states?
Answer: South Pole |
Question: A cat jumps when startled by a loud noise. This is an example of an organism
Answer: sensing and responding to its external environment |
Question: Which of the following materials would best slow the transfer of heat?
Answer: wood |
Question: What can cause a moving object to increase its speed in a forward direction?
Answer: a force that continually acts on the object in the direction the object is moving |
Question: In which oceanic zone do clams and crabs survive by burrowing in the sand?
Answer: intertidal |
Question: A manufacturing industry has asked to relocate its plant to your town. From an environmental perspective, which question is least important to ask before deciding whether the industry may move to your town?
Answer: What are the uses of the products that the plant will manufacture? |
Question: Some meteorologists use visual aids such as diagrams, maps, and charts when they present the weather to television viewers. How do different types of visual aids help the viewers understand complex weather phenomena?
Answer: by showing many components that impact the weather |
Question: Which renewable energy resource possesses the greatest potential for providing renewable energy to meet the future needs of the southern United States?
Answer: solar |
Question: A student performs an experiment and the results are shown below: Before- Iron filings are brown, small, and magnetic: Copper sulfate crystals are blue, brittle, and not magnetic. After- The copper formed was reddish, solid, and not magnetic: Iron sulfide solution was colorless and not magnetic. Which statement supports that a chemical reaction took place?
Answer: A new substance was formed. |
Question: In order for rocks to be classified as igneous, the rocks must
Answer: be formed from magma. |
Question: Which of these is most likely the cause of a father and son having almost identical-sounding voices?
Answer: inherited characteristics |
Question: Frog eggs hatch into tadpoles, and then tadpoles gradually develop into frogs. This process is known as
Answer: metamorphosis. |
Question: Many people like to use microwave ovens rather than traditional ovens. The main reason for this is that microwave ovens
Answer: take less time to cook food than regular ovens do. |
Question: When trees are removed from an area in a tropical rainforest, the area experiences an increase in soil erosion. Which statement best explains why removing the trees can lead to soil erosion?
Answer: There will be fewer roots to hold the soil in place. |
Question: What information is needed to calculate the speed of a car?
Answer: the distance travel |
Question: Freda always hangs her wet swimsuit outdoors after getting out of the swimming pool. Which of the following is least likely to affect the rate at which Freda's swimsuit dries?
Answer: the temperature of the water in the pool |
Question: Maria collected the gas given off by a glowing piece of charcoal. The gas was then bubbled through a small amount of colorless limewater. Part of Maria's report stated, "After the gas was put into the jar, the limewater gradually changed to a milky white color." This statement is
Answer: an observation |
Question: Some butterflies live an average of two weeks. This period of time is called a life
Answer: span |
Question: Which two body systems work together to transport oxygen to the cells?
Answer: respiratory and circulatory |
Question: Some localized layers of rock contain the element iridium. Iridium is most often found in space objects such as meteoroids and asteroids. The discovery of these iridium-containing layers has been matched to which phenomena in Earth's history?
Answer: mass species extinctions |
Question: Which of these converts electrical energy to light energy?
Answer: a flashlight |
Question: Darwin's theory that animal species can change over time was inspired by his research on which set of islands?
Answer: the Galapagos Islands |
Question: An athlete is running a race. The athlete's body needs energy. Which organelle(s) in the athlete's cells supply the energy for cellular functions?
Answer: mitochondrion |
Question: Which of these would best help a scientist discover a new planet?
Answer: looking at the night sky with a telescope |
Question: Which of these lists has only products that come from plants?
Answer: Paper, spices, and fibers |
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