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We study the radio-frequency diagonal conductivities of the anisotropic
stripe phases of higher Landau levels near half integer fillings. In the hard
direction, in which larger dc resistivity occurs, the spectrum exhibits a
striking resonance, while in the orthogonal, easy direction, no resonance is
discernable. The resonance is interpreted as a pinning mode of the stripe
phase.
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The rapid rotation of planets causes cyclonic thermal turbulence in their
cores which may generate the large-scale magnetic fields observed outside the
planets. We consider the model which enables us reproduce the typical features
of small-scale geostrophic flows in physical and wave spaces. We present
estimates of kinetic and magnetic energy fluxes as a function of the wave
number. The joint existence of forward and inverse cascades are demonstrated.
We also consider the mechanism of magnetic field saturation at the end of the
kinematic dynamo regime.
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The one sheets and newspaper campaign suggested (as often they did) a far more lurid and violent piece than showed up on the drive-in screens. Claude Brook is actually an Americanization of Claudio Brook, who worked in films for years. This one's quite hard to find anymore; I'd love to see it again to compare it to other international horrors of the day, but don't remember particularly impressed way back when. Chances are it was a chopped up version that made it to U.S. theatres and video. But oh, that one sheet...still a gem of my later horror collection.
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I rented this movie the other night because neither my girlfriend or myself had ever seen it, even though we had heard from a mutual friend how "great it was".<br /><br />Now, I am pretty conservative in my views, but I knew going in it would be pretty liberal given who directed it. I figured before the movie started Michael Douglas would play a compassionate popular liberal beloved by the masses, and there would be a stodgy conservative opponent as his antagonist. But I thought thats where the political statement would begin and end.<br /><br />OK, the plot was solid: Single president falls for a lobbyist. OK, this has potential I thought to be pretty entertaining, since the plot was unique. But then the movie turned into a liberal infomercial. The movie became more about gun control and environmental issues than it did about the relationship between the President and Sydney(Annette Bening).<br /><br />There were several ridiculous premises in this movie: 1) The character Sydney playing this six figure lobbyist who is a "closer". Could she have been more flighty? She was constantly disorganized and seemed in awe of everything. Hardly a "closer". I am an sales, and she could not "close" selling a glass of water to a man dying of thirst.<br /><br />2) Secondly, is there anything more ridiculous than Richard Dreyfuss playing a right wing fanatic? This is the most liberal man in Hollywood and her is playing some right wing ideologue. Give me a break. I liked how he took his conservative character and made him as sinister as possible.<br /><br />3) The speech at the end was simply ludicrous. The line about "I am a proud card carrying member of the ACLU" was a joke. First, no president would ever admit something like that, being an active member of an ultra fringe group. Second, why even bring something like that up. You just alienated off over half the movie going audience who is moderate or conservative.<br /><br />I thought the plot was great and unique. I thought Michael Douglas was a good choice as president. But the movie went from being a "movie" to a left wing political statement, which is why the movie failed.<br /><br />Its a shame to see a great plot ruined by Hollywood having to force their political views on the audience
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We study the zero-temperature many-body properties of twisted bilayer
graphene with a twist angle equal to the so-called `first magic angle'. The
system low-energy single-electron spectrum consists of four (eight, if spin
label is accounted) weakly-dispersing partially degenerate bands, each band
accommodating one electron per Moir{\'{e}} cell per spin projection. This weak
dispersion makes electrons particularly susceptible to the effects of
interactions. Introducing several excitonic order parameters with
spin-density-wave-like structure, we demonstrate that (i)~the band degeneracy
is partially lifted by the interaction, and (ii)~the details of the low-energy
spectrum becomes doping-dependent. For example, at or near the undoped state,
interactions separate the eight bands into two quartets (one quartet is almost
filled, the other is almost empty), while for two electrons per Moir\'{e} cell,
the quartets are pulled apart, and doublets emerge. When the doping is equal to
one or three electrons per cell, the doublets split into singlets. Hole doping
produces similar effects. As a result, electronic properties (e.g., the density
of states at the Fermi energy) demonstrate oscillating dependence on the doping
concentration. This allows us to reproduce qualitatively the behavior of the
conductance observed recently in experiments [Cao et al., Nature {\bf 556}, 80
(2018)]. Near half-filling, the electronic spectrum loses hexagonal symmetry
indicating the appearance of a many-body nematic state.
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Temporal models based on recurrent neural networks have proven to be quite
powerful in a wide variety of applications. However, training these models
often relies on back-propagation through time, which entails unfolding the
network over many time steps, making the process of conducting credit
assignment considerably more challenging. Furthermore, the nature of
back-propagation itself does not permit the use of non-differentiable
activation functions and is inherently sequential, making parallelization of
the underlying training process difficult. Here, we propose the Parallel
Temporal Neural Coding Network (P-TNCN), a biologically inspired model trained
by the learning algorithm we call Local Representation Alignment. It aims to
resolve the difficulties and problems that plague recurrent networks trained by
back-propagation through time. The architecture requires neither unrolling in
time nor the derivatives of its internal activation functions. We compare our
model and learning procedure to other back-propagation through time
alternatives (which also tend to be computationally expensive), including
real-time recurrent learning, echo state networks, and unbiased online
recurrent optimization. We show that it outperforms these on sequence modeling
benchmarks such as Bouncing MNIST, a new benchmark we denote as Bouncing
NotMNIST, and Penn Treebank. Notably, our approach can in some instances
outperform full back-propagation through time as well as variants such as
sparse attentive back-tracking. Significantly, the hidden unit correction phase
of P-TNCN allows it to adapt to new datasets even if its synaptic weights are
held fixed (zero-shot adaptation) and facilitates retention of prior generative
knowledge when faced with a task sequence. We present results that show the
P-TNCN's ability to conduct zero-shot adaptation and online continual sequence
modeling.
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We provide a characterization of the set of configurations in N=4 SYM theory
that are dual to small AdS black holes. Our construction shows that the black
hole dual states are approximately thermal on a SU(M) subset of degrees of
freedom of a SU(N) gauge theory. M is determined dynamically and the black hole
degrees of freedom are dynamically insulated from the rest. These states are
localized on the S^5 and have dynamical processes that correspond to matter
absorption that make them behave as black objects.
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The opening scene of the beach at Fircombe while amusing in itself, unfortunately provides a suitable metaphor for the film - insipid and washed out. It is actually not as corny as most of the others in the Carry On series, but maybe because of that doesn't really deliver much fun. It's a fair bet that the title will appeal to fans of the Benny Hill show but those looking for attractive females in bikinis and miniskirts, while they will see some in this, will probably enjoy some of the other titles in the series, such as "Carry On Abroad" or "Carry On Up the Jungle" more. The emergence of early 1970s feminism is used as a plot device which seems rather self-defeating.
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“We have two leaks,” Trump said
“You have the leaks coming out of intelligence and various departments having to do with Syria, having to do with all sorts of different places, having to do frankly with North Korea.
And those are very serious.
And then, you have the leaks where people want to love me, and they’re all fighting for love.
Those are little inner-White House leaks.
They’re not very important.
But actually, I’m somewhat honored by them.”
DeepState Leaks Bad!
Even when imaginary.
Devoted Blobfish Leaks Good!
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The propagation of a cylindrical shock wave in a self-gravitating, rotating
axisymmetric dusty gas under the action of monochromatic radiation with a
constant intensity per unit area, which has variable azimuthal and axial
components of fluid velocity, is investigated. The gas is assumed to be grey
and opaque, and the shock is assumed to be transparent. The dusty gas is
considered as a mixture of non-ideal gas and small solid particles, in which
solid particles are continuously distributed. To obtain some essential features
of shock propagation, small solid particles are considered as a pseudo-fluid,
and it is assumed that the equilibrium flow condition is maintained in the
entire flow-field. Similarity solutions are obtained as well as the effects of
the variation of the radiation parameter, the gravitation parameter, the
non-idealness parameter of the gas, the mass concentration of solid particles
in the mixture, the ratio of the density of solid particles to the initial
density of the gas are worked out in detail. The similarity solution exists
under the constant initial angular velocity, and the shock strength is
independent from the radiation parameter and the gravitation parameter. It is
found that radiation parameter dominates the effect of dusty gas parameters on
the variation of radiation heat flux. The total energy of the flow-field behind
the shock front is not constant but varies as fourth power of the shock radius.
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Robots need to learn skills that can not only generalize across similar
problems but also be directed to a specific goal. Previous methods either train
a new skill for every different goal or do not infer the specific target in the
presence of multiple goals from visual data. We introduce an end-to-end method
that represents targetable visuomotor skills as a goal-parameterized neural
network policy. By training on an informative subset of available goals with
the associated target parameters, we are able to learn a policy that can
zero-shot generalize to previously unseen goals. We evaluate our method in a
representative 2D simulation of a button-grid and on both button-pressing and
peg-insertion tasks on two different physical arms. We demonstrate that our
model trained on 33% of the possible goals is able to generalize to more than
90% of the targets in the scene for both simulation and robot experiments. We
also successfully learn a mapping from target pixel coordinates to a robot
policy to complete a specified goal.
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BackgroundWe aimed to evaluate the risk factors for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related severe outcome in New York State (NYS) and proposed a method that could be used to inform future work to develop clinical algorithms and predict resource needs for COVID-19 patients.
MethodsWe analyzed COVID-19 related hospital encounter and hospitalization in NYS from April 1st to November 17th, 2020, using Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) hospital discharge dataset. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate the risk factors for COVID-19 related in-hospital death using demographic variables, symptom, rapid clinical examination, and medical history of chronic co-morbid conditions. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was calculated, and cut-off points for predictors were selected to stage the risk of COVID-19 related fatal outcome.
FindingsLogistic regression analysis showed age was the greatest risk factor for COVID-19 related fatal outcome, which by itself achieved the diagnostic accuracy of 0.78 represented by the area under the ROC curve. By adding other demographic variables, dyspnea or hypoxemia and multiple chronic co-morbid conditions, the diagnostic accuracy was improved to 0.85. We selected cut-off points for predictors and provided a general recommendation to categorize the levels of risk for COVID-19 related fatal outcome.
InterpretationWe assessed risk factors associated with in-hospital COVID-19 mortality and identified cut-off points that might be used to categorize the level of risk. Further studies are warranted to evaluate laboratory tests and develop laboratory biomarkers to improve the diagnostic accuracy for early intervention.
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In this paper, online convex optimization is applied to the problem of
controlling linear dynamical systems. An algorithm similar to online gradient
descent, which can handle time-varying and unknown cost functions, is proposed.
Then, performance guarantees are derived in terms of regret analysis. We show
that the proposed control scheme achieves sublinear regret if the variation of
the cost functions is sublinear. In addition, as a special case, the system
converges to the optimal equilibrium if the cost functions are invariant after
some finite time. Finally, the performance of the resulting closed loop is
illustrated by numerical simulations.
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I can barely even remember what DECADE I saw this film. It was when I was a teenager, I think (I'm 37 now). I started watching it as a late night movie sometime in the mid to early 80s, and so much of it has stayed with me ever since. Seeing other comments, I had NO idea it was shown at theatres, or that anyone else even new it existed. I don't think I've even mentioned the movie to anyone else.<br /><br />But half a lifetime later, I still remember much of the movie that I watched late at night so long ago. I think the innocence of the charactors, their situation, their mutual affection over a long period of time, left a long term imprint for reasons I don't quite understand. Maybe it is because I was a teenager at the time I saw it, and it touched me somehow..... I really don't know! I also REALLY wanted to know what was going to happen when the after the end of the film happened. Oh, the agony!!<br /><br />I've not seen it before, or since, but I would love to. I keep a casual look out for it, but I now doubt it will been shown and it seems to have faded into oblivion. But I'd proberbly miss it in the TV guide even if it DID show up. Pssttt!!!<br /><br />Reading the reviews here has renewed my interest. If anyone knows of its availability in Australia, by all means email me and let me know.<br /><br />Oh, and Sean Bury... nice to see you make an appearance on the comments here. I've had a look at your movie history and noticed your last appearance in a James Bond film. What are you up to these day? Oh, and do YOU have a copy of the film? CHEERS!!!
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Haha! Oh my! Someone lives in a box if you think I'm the nastiest person! 😂 Let me see, the fire chief of Unalaska, AK was arrested for a sexual assault case in Illinois, Another man charged with 76 felony counts, including 28 counts of first-degree sexual assault, another guy stabbed his girlfriend while she slept, then drove her to hospital and took off, man driving 111mph down Glenn hwy with a child in the car..need I go on? I don't thinks so!
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Classical toric varieties are among the simplest objects in algebraic
geometry. They arise in an elementary fashion as varieties parametrized by
monomials whose exponents are a finite subset $\mathcal{A}$ of $\mathbb{Z}^n$.
They may also be constructed from a rational fan $\Sigma$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$.
The combinatorics of the set $\mathcal{A}$ or fan $\Sigma$ control the geometry
of the associated toric variety. These toric varieties have an action of an
algebraic torus with a dense orbit. Applications of algebraic geometry in
geometric modeling and algebraic statistics have long studied the nonnegative
real part of a toric variety as the main object, where the set $\mathcal{A}$
may be an arbitrary set in $\mathbb{R}^n$. These are called irrational affine
toric varieties. This theory has been limited by the lack of a construction of
an irrational toric variety from an arbitrary fan in $\mathbb{R}^n$.
We construct a theory of irrational toric varieties associated to arbitrary
fans. These are $(\mathbb{R}_>)^n$-equivariant cell complexes dual to the fan.
Such an irrational toric variety is projective (may be embedded in a simplex)
if and only if its fan is the normal fan of a polytope, and in that case, the
toric variety is homeomorphic to that polytope. We use irrational toric
varieties to show that the space of Hausdorff limits of translates an
irrational toric variety associated to a finite subset $\mathcal{A}$ of
$\mathbb{R}^n$ is homeomorphic to the secondary polytope of $\mathcal{A}$.
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In this article we propose a novel measure of systemic risk in the context of
financial networks. To this aim, we provide a definition of systemic risk which
is based on the structure, developed at different levels, of clustered
neighbours around the nodes of the network. The proposed measure incorporates
the generalized concept of clustering coefficient of order $l$ of a node $i$
introduced in Cerqueti et al. (2018). Its properties are also explored in terms
of systemic risk assessment. Empirical experiments on the time-varying global
banking network show the effectiveness of the presented systemic risk measure
and provide insights on how systemic risk has changed over the last years, also
in the light of the recent financial crisis and the subsequent more stringent
regulation for globally systemically important banks.
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The transition from ordered to disordered structures in Voronoi tessellation
is obtained by perturbing the seeds that were originally identified with two
types of lattice in 2D and one type in 3D. The area in 2D and the volume in 3D
are modeled with the Kiang function. A new relationship that models the scaling
of the Kiang function with a geometrical parameter is introduced. A first
application models the local structure of sub- and supercritical ammonia as
function of the temperature and a second application models the volumes of
cosmic voids.
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We examine the use of synchronization as a mechanism for extracting parameter
and state information from experimental systems. We focus on important aspects
of this problem that have received little attention previously, and we explore
them using experiments and simulations with the chaotic Colpitts oscillator as
an example system. We explore the impact of model imperfection on the ability
to extract valid information from an experimental system. We compare two
optimization methods: an initial value method and a constrained method. Each of
these involve coupling the model equations to the experimental data in order to
regularize the chaotic motions on the synchronization manifold. We explore both
time dependent and time independent coupling. We also examine both optimized
and fixed (or manually adjusted) coupling. For the case of an optimized time
dependent coupling function u(t) we find a robust structure which includes
sharp peaks and intervals where it is zero. This structure shows a strong
correlation with the location in phase space and appears to depend on noise,
imperfections of the model, and the Lyapunov direction vectors. Comparison of
this result with that obtained using simulated data may provide one measure of
model imperfection. The constrained method with time dependent coupling appears
to have benefits in synchronizing long datasets with minimal impact, while the
initial value method with time independent coupling tends to be substantially
faster, more flexible and easier to use. We also describe a new method of
coupling which is useful for sparse experimental data sets. Our use of the
Colpitts oscillator allows us to explore in detail the case of a system with
one positive Lyapunov exponent. The methods we explored are easily extended to
driven systems such as neurons with time dependent injected current.
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Del - "You are the dumbest smart person I've ever met."<br /><br />Calvin- "Well,I had a brain, but they lost it in the re-writes."<br /><br />I think what I find most egregious about this bastardization of Asimov's work was how the character of Susan Calvin was portrayed. In the books, she was actually one of the first strong female protagonists, able to think her way through a problem. Here she's just a damsel in distress, waiting to be rescued by Wil Smith.<br /><br />There are passing references to Asimov's Laws of Robotics, but they are an afterthought to the CGI and action scenes.<br /><br />Smith is likable, as he is in most of his films, but honestly, the story isn't that good. YOu figure it out long before these genius characters do.
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The first half of this movie is a pure delight. Novel. Funny. Wonderful performances. A close knit brother and sister living in Manhattan fall for the same woman! Adult. Bright. Witty. What more could you ask. As a romantic comedy this starts refreshing. It heads into unexplored territory. And then it falls apart.<br /><br />It goes from being a universal adult comedy to a coming-of-age coming-out-of-the-closet story that has been done many times before. What a disappointment. As a people film it begins with such promise. Why does it need to turn into such a pedestrian "I am who I am" film. The freeze-frame ending shot of Heather Graham's jumping in the air to celebrate "her happiness at finding herself" underlines the banality of the last part of the film.<br /><br />It could have been different. It could have been magical. It ended up being the same old same old.
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Good value for the most part!
If I had purchased these balloons from my local party store, it would've cost me over $100. Instead it was $50 (including getting the numbers and the latex balloons blown up at my grocery store). We couldn't get the confetti to stick to the side of the balloons and a couple popped, but it was still an amazing value. Would purchase again.
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Most of the research done on quantum error correction studies an error model
in which each qubit is affected by noise, independently of the other qubits. In
this paper we study a different noise model -- one in which the noise may be
correlated with the qubits it acts upon.
We show both positive and negative results. On the one hand, we show
controlled-X errors cannot be perfectly corrected, yet can be approximately
corrected with sub-constant approximation error. On the other hand, we show
that no non-trivial quantum error correcting code can approximately correct
controlled phase error with sub-constant approximation error.
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Zinc Oxide (ZnO) semiconductor is ideal candidates for ultra-violet (UV)
photodetector due to its promising optoelectronic properties. Photodetectors
based on ZnO nanostructures show very high photoconductivity under UV light,
but they are plagued by slow photo-response time as slow as several tens of
hours, even more. Most of the studies claimed that atmospheric adsorbates such
as water and oxygen create charge traps states on the surface and remarkably
increase both the photoconductivity and response time, but there are also
limited studies that claiming the defect induced states acting as hole trap
centers responsible for these problems. However, the underlying physical
mechanism is still unclear. Here we study the effects of both adsorbates and
defect-related states on the photo-response character of Pulsed Electron
Deposited ZnO thin films. In order to distinguish between these two mechanisms,
we have compared the time-dependent photo-response measurements of bare-ZnO and
SiO2 encapsulated-ZnO thin film samples taken under UV light and high vacuum.
We show that the dominant mechanism of photo-response in ZnO is the
adsorption/desorption of oxygen and water molecules even when the measurement
is performed in high vacuum. When the samples are encapsulated by a thin SiO2
layer, the adsorption/desorption rates can significantly improve, and the
effects of these molecules partially removed.
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In this paper, we develop a class of robust numerical methods for solving
dynamical systems with multiple time scales. We first represent the solution of
a multiscale dynamical system as a transformation of a slowly varying solution.
Then, under the scale separation assumption, we provide a systematic way to
construct the transformation map and derive the dynamic equation for the slowly
varying solution. We also provide the convergence analysis of the proposed
method. Finally, we present several numerical examples, including ODE system
with three and four separated time scales to demonstrate the accuracy and
efficiency of the proposed method. Numerical results verify that our method is
robust in solving ODE systems with multiple time scale, where the time step
does not depend on the multiscale parameters.
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Hulls of linear codes have been of interest and extensively studied due to
their rich algebraic structures and wide applications. In this paper,
alternative characterizations of hulls of linear codes are given as well as
their applications. Properties of hulls of linear codes are given in terms of
their Gramians of their generator and parity-check matrices. Moreover, it is
show that the Gramian of a generator matrix of every linear code over a finite
field of odd characteristic is diagonalizable. Subsequently, it is shown that a
linear code over a finite field of odd characteristic is complementary dual if
and only if it has an orthogonal basis. Based on this characterization,
constructions of good entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting codes are
provided.
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We present Spitzer/IRS mid-infrared spectra for 15 gravitationally lensed, 24
micron--selected galaxies, and combine the results with 4 additional very faint
galaxies with IRS spectra in the literature. The median intrinsic 24 micron
flux density of the sample is 130 microJy, enabling a systematic survey of the
spectral properties of the very faint 24 micron sources that dominate the
number counts of Spitzer cosmological surveys. Six of the 19 galaxy spectra
(32%) show the strong mid-IR continuua expected of AGN; X-ray detections
confirm the presence of AGN in three of these cases, and reveal AGNs in two
other galaxies. These results suggest that nuclear accretion may contribute
more flux to faint 24 micron--selected samples than previously assumed. Almost
all the spectra show some aromatic (PAH) emission features; the measured
aromatic flux ratios do not show evolution from z=0. In particular, the high
S/N mid-IR spectrum of SMM J163554.2+661225 agrees remarkably well with
low--redshift, lower--luminosity templates. We compare the rest-frame 8 micron
and total infrared luminosities of star--forming galaxies, and find that the
behavior of this ratio with total IR luminosity has evolved modestly from z=2
to z=0. Since the high aromatic--to--continuum flux ratios in these galaxies
rule out a dominant contribution by AGN, this finding implies systematic
evolution in the structure and/or metallicity of infrared sources with
redshift. It also has implications for the estimates of star forming rates
inferred from 24 micron measurements, in the sense that at z ~2, a given
observed frame 24 micron luminosity corresponds to a lower bolometric
luminosity than would be inferred from low-redshift templates of similar
luminosity at the corresponding rest wavelength.
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Machine learning powers diverse services in industry including search,
translation, recommendation systems, and security. The scale and importance of
these models require that they be efficient, expressive, and portable across an
array of heterogeneous hardware devices. These constraints are often at odds;
in order to better accommodate them we propose a new high-level intermediate
representation (IR) called Relay. Relay is being designed as a
purely-functional, statically-typed language with the goal of balancing
efficient compilation, expressiveness, and portability. We discuss the goals of
Relay and highlight its important design constraints. Our prototype is part of
the open source NNVM compiler framework, which powers Amazon's deep learning
framework MxNet.
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Super noisy
This is a beautiful, well made diffuser and it puts out a large amount of mist, probably the strongest flow of all my diffusers. I am surprised they call it whisper quiet; this is the loudest diffuser I have ever heard, to the point that it is disruptive and I can't keep it going in any room without noticing the loud vibrating sound of the motor. I will move it to the bedroom where we use a white noise machine so we won't hear it. I have 5 diffusers throughout the house; none of them make a sound; you can't really tell they are running without looking at the light, but this one is pretty obnoxious. I gave it four stars because it is beautiful and functions well, but if you are looking for something quiet this is not a good choice.
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I feel very fortunate to have the chance to not only watch this film, but also learn more about this fascinating person and time. Lumumba is an outstanding portrayal, giving a full sense of the story without falling into the usual Hollywood trappings - yes, he is shown with his wife and children, but the essence of the story is his politics and those of the still-emerging independent Congo. The film is brilliantly made, moving along at a pace that is consistently engaging. I look forward to seeing other Raoul Peck films, as well as more from Eric Ebouaney!
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They do work as described. I ordered two a ...
They do work as described. I ordered two a purple and red one. The red one had no battery life. if would die within the day. The purple one wouldn't update and i had to constantly reconnect it to my phone.
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What does the DSM-IV define as: A. A pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others such that their motives are interpreted as malevolent, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by four (or more) of the following: (1) suspects, without sufficient basis, that others are exploiting, harming, or deceiving him (2) is preoccupied with unjustified doubts about the loyalty or trustworthiness of friends or associates (3) is reluctant to confide in others because of unwarranted fear that the information will be used maliciously against him (4) reads hidden demeaning or threatening meanings into benign remarks or events (5) persistently bears grudges, i.e., is unforgiving of insults, injuries, or slights (6) perceives attacks on his character or reputation that are not apparent to others and is quick to react angrily or to counterattack (7) has recurrent suspicions, without justification, regarding fidelity of spouse or sexual partner B. Does not occur exclusively during the course of Schizophrenia, a Mood Disorder With Psychotic Features, or another Psychotic Disorder and is not due to the direct physiological effects of a general medical condition.
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Ensemble clustering has been a popular research topic in data mining and
machine learning. Despite its significant progress in recent years, there are
still two challenging issues in the current ensemble clustering research.
First, most of the existing algorithms tend to investigate the ensemble
information at the object-level, yet often lack the ability to explore the rich
information at higher levels of granularity. Second, they mostly focus on the
direct connections (e.g., direct intersection or pair-wise co-occurrence) in
the multiple base clusterings, but generally neglect the multi-scale indirect
relationship hidden in them. To address these two issues, this paper presents a
novel ensemble clustering approach based on fast propagation of cluster-wise
similarities via random walks. We first construct a cluster similarity graph
with the base clusters treated as graph nodes and the cluster-wise Jaccard
coefficient exploited to compute the initial edge weights. Upon the constructed
graph, a transition probability matrix is defined, based on which the random
walk process is conducted to propagate the graph structural information.
Specifically, by investigating the propagating trajectories starting from
different nodes, a new cluster-wise similarity matrix can be derived by
considering the trajectory relationship. Then, the newly obtained cluster-wise
similarity matrix is mapped from the cluster-level to the object-level to
achieve an enhanced co-association (ECA) matrix, which is able to
simultaneously capture the object-wise co-occurrence relationship as well as
the multi-scale cluster-wise relationship in ensembles. Finally, two novel
consensus functions are proposed to obtain the consensus clustering result.
Extensive experiments on a variety of real-world datasets have demonstrated the
effectiveness and efficiency of our approach.
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The nucleus-nucleus potential is calculated in the frame work of the double
folding model (DFM) to obtain the Coulomb barrier parameters (barrier position
and height), starting from M3Y-Reid nucleon-nucleon interaction and realistic
nuclear matter distribution. The systematic behavior of the barrier parameters
with mass numbers, charges, and radii of interacting nuclei is studied. The
relation between the barrier height and radius is also discussed. The
systematic behavior of the barrier parameters is presented in the form of
simple analytical formulae, which can be used to calculate the barrier position
and height directly, and show which factors can affect them. The potentials
obtained from DFM are used to derive a universal function of the nuclear
proximity potential which is useful for barrier calculations for heavy ion
reactions. The obtained universal function reproduces the barrier parameters
within less than 2% deviation from the values obtained using DFM for heavy and
super heavy ion reactions. Reactions involving {\alpha}-particle are studied
individually, and another form of the universal function is presented.
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We update Monte Carlo simulations of the three-dimensional SU(3) + adjoint
Higgs theory, by extrapolating carefully to the infinite volume and continuum
limits, in order to estimate the contribution of the infrared modes to the
pressure of hot QCD. The sum of infrared contributions beyond the known 4-loop
order turns out to be a smooth function, of a reasonable magnitude and specific
sign. Unfortunately, adding this function to the known 4-loop terms does not
improve the match to four-dimensional lattice data, in spite of the fact that
other quantities, such as correlation lengths, spatial string tension, or quark
number susceptibilities, work well within the same setup. We outline possible
ways to reduce the mismatch.
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We prove that the functions t -> (t^q-1)(t^p-1)^{-1} are operator monotone in
the positive half-axis for 0 < p < q < 1, and we calculate the two associated
canonical representation formulae. The result is used to find new monotone
metrics (quantum Fisher information) on the state space of quantum systems.
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We calculate the isospin-mixing parameter for several Tz=-1, Tz=0 and Tz=1
nuclei from Mg to Sn in the particle-number conserving Higher Tamm-Dancoff
approach taking into account the pairing correlations. In particular we
investigate the role of the Coulomb interaction and the |Tz|=1 pairing
correlations. To do so the HTDA approach is implemented with the SIII Skyrme
effective nucleon-nucleon interaction in the mean-field channel and a delta
interaction in the pairing channel. We conclude from this investigation that
the pairing correlations bring a large contribution to isospin-symmetry
breaking, whereas the Coulomb interaction turns out to play a less important
role. Moreover we find that the isospin-mixing parameters for Tz=-1 and Tz=1
nuclei are comparable while they are about twice as large for Tz=0 nuclei
(between 3% and 6%, including doubly magic nuclei).
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The photon density on the ground is a fundamental quantity in all experiments
based on Cherenkov light measurements, e.g. in the Imaging Air Cherenkov
Telescopes (IACT). IACT's are commonly and successfully used in order to search
and study Very High Energy (VHE) gamma-ray sources. Difficulties with
separating primary photons from primary hadrons (mostly protons) in Cherenkov
experiments become larger at lower energies. I have calculated longitudinal and
lateral density distributions and their fluctuations at low energies basing on
Monte Carlo simulations (for vertical gamma cascades and protonic showers) to
check the influence of the detector parameters on the possible measurement.
Relative density fluctuations are significantly higher in proton than in photon
induced showers. Taking into account the limited detector field of view (FOV)
implies the changes of these calculated distributions for both types of primary
particles and causes an enlargement in relative fluctuations. Absorption due to
Rayleigh and Mie scattering has an impact on mean values but does not change
relative fluctuations. The total number of Cherenkov photons is more sensitive
to the observation height in gamma cascades than in proton showers at low
primary energies. The relative fluctuations of the density do not depend on the
reflector size in the investigated size range (from 240 m^2 up to 960 m^2).
This implies that a single telescope with a mirror area larger than that of the
MAGIC telescope cannot achieve better energy resolution than estimated and
presented in this paper. The correlations between longitudinal and lateral
distributions are much more pronounced for primary gamma-ray than for primary
proton showers.
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In this paper we investigate the value of gaze-driven adaptive interventions
to support processing of textual documents with embedded visualizations, i.e.,
Magazine Style Narrative Visualizations (MSNVs). These interventions are
provided dynamically by highlighting relevant data points in the visualization
when the user reads related sentences in the MNSV text, as detected by an
eye-tracker. We conducted a user study during which participants read a set of
MSNVs with our interventions, and compared their performance and experience
with participants who received no interventions. Our work extends previous
findings by showing that dynamic, gaze-driven interventions can be delivered
based on reading behaviors in MSNVs, a widespread form of documents that have
never been considered for gaze-driven adaptation so far. Next, we found that
the interventions significantly improved the performance of users with low
levels of visualization literacy, i.e., those users who need help the most due
to their lower ability to process and understand data visualizations. However,
high literacy users were not impacted by the interventions, providing initial
evidence that gaze-driven interventions can be further improved by
personalizing them to the levels of visualization literacy of their users.
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Rooted phylogenetic networks provide an explicit representation of the
evolutionary history of a set $X$ of sampled species. In contrast to
phylogenetic trees which show only speciation events, networks can also
accommodate reticulate processes (for example, hybrid evolution, endosymbiosis,
and lateral gene transfer). A major goal in systematic biology is to infer
evolutionary relationships, and while phylogenetic trees can be uniquely
determined from various simple combinatorial data on $X$, for networks the
reconstruction question is much more subtle. Here we ask when can a network be
uniquely reconstructed from its `ancestral profile' (the number of paths from
each ancestral vertex to each element in $X$). We show that reconstruction
holds (even within the class of all networks) for a class of networks we call
`orchard networks', and we provide a polynomial-time algorithm for
reconstructing any orchard network from its ancestral profile. Our approach
relies on establishing a structural theorem for orchard networks, which also
provides for a fast (polynomial-time) algorithm to test if any given network is
of orchard type. Since the class of orchard networks includes tree-sibling
tree-consistent networks and tree-child networks, our result generalise
reconstruction results from 2008 and 2009. Orchard networks allow for an
unbounded number $k$ of reticulation vertices, in contrast to tree-sibling
tree-consistent networks and tree-child networks for which $k$ is at most
$2|X|-4$ and $|X|-1$, respectively.
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The goal of this paper is to help mainstream programmers routinely use formal
verification on their smart contracts by 1) proposing a new YAML-format for
writing general-purpose formal specifications, 2) demonstrating how a formal
specification can be incrementally built up without needing advanced training,
and 3) showing how formal specifications can be tested by using program
mutation.
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Mammographic mass detection and segmentation are usually performed as serial
and separate tasks, with segmentation often only performed on manually
confirmed true positive detections in previous studies. We propose a
fully-integrated computer-aided detection (CAD) system for simultaneous
mammographic mass detection and segmentation without user intervention. The
proposed CAD only consists of a pseudo-color image generation and a mass
detection-segmentation stage based on Mask R-CNN. Grayscale mammograms are
transformed into pseudo-color images based on multi-scale morphological sifting
where mass-like patterns are enhanced to improve the performance of Mask R-CNN.
Transfer learning with the Mask R-CNN is then adopted to simultaneously detect
and segment masses on the pseudo-color images. Evaluated on the public dataset
INbreast, the method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods by achieving an
average true positive rate of 0.90 at 0.9 false positive per image and an
average Dice similarity index of 0.88 for mass segmentation.
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This is a cute and sad little story of cultural difference. Kyoko is a beautiful Japanese woman who has run to California to escape from a failed relationship in Japan. Ken is a Japanese American manual laborer with aspirations of rock and roll stardom but little concrete to offer a potential partner. Kyoko "marries" Ken in order to be able to stay permanently in the U.S., with the understanding that although they will live together until she gets a "green card" the marriage will be in name only. It soon develops that the parties are not on the same wavelength - or perhaps in the same "time zone", hence the title of the movie. As an immigration attorney I have seen such "arrangements" take on a life of their own, so I was pleased to see how well the filmmaker developed the dramatic possibilities of this situation.
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The Rayleigh-Taylor instability at the interface in an immiscible
two-component Bose-Einstein condensate is investigated using the mean-field and
Bogoliubov theories. Rayleigh-Taylor fingers are found to grow from the
interface and mushroom patterns are formed. Quantized vortex rings and vortex
lines are then generated around the mushrooms. The Rayleigh-Taylor instability
and mushroom-pattern formation can be observed in a trapped system.
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At first these holders were very nice but we live in the desert and the padding ...
At first these holders were very nice but we live in the desert and the padding glued on to the holder is coming off and the cards get stuff in between the padding and the plastic holder. The cards tear trying to get them out.
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Occlusion edge detection requires both accurate locations and context
constraints of the contour. Existing CNN-based pipeline does not utilize
adaptive methods to filter the noise introduced by low-level features. To
address this dilemma, we propose a novel Context-constrained accurate Contour
Extraction Network (CCENet). Spatial details are retained and contour-sensitive
context is augmented through two extraction blocks, respectively. Then, an
elaborately designed fusion module is available to integrate features, which
plays a complementary role to restore details and remove clutter. Weight
response of attention mechanism is eventually utilized to enhance occluded
contours and suppress noise. The proposed CCENet significantly surpasses
state-of-the-art methods on PIOD and BSDS ownership dataset of object edge
detection and occlusion orientation detection.
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Despite growing interest and extensive effort to search for ultralight dark
matter in the form of a hypothetical dark photon, how it fits into a consistent
cosmology is unclear. Several dark photon dark matter production mechanisms
proposed previously are known to have limitations, at least in certain mass
regimes of experimental interest. In this letter, we explore a novel mechanism,
where a coherently oscillating axion-like field can efficiently transfer its
energy density to a dark photon field via a tachyonic instability. The residual
axion relic is subsequently depleted via couplings to the visible sector,
leaving only the dark photon as dark matter. We ensure that the cosmologies of
both the axion and dark photon are consistent with existing constraints. We
find that the mechanism works for a broad range of dark photon masses,
including those of interest for ongoing experiments and proposed detection
techniques.
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Man, did this film stink! It's obvious this film helped spurn Hollywood's need to churn out tired sequels to appeal to the masses. First of all, it came out too quickly, and second of all, it just didn't have the same hipness which made the original film so successful. No new ground was broken, and it turned into a rather mundane effort.
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We present a study of the diffuse X-ray emission from the star forming region
LMC-N 57 in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). We use archival XMM-Newton
observations to unveil in detail the distribution of hot bubbles in this
complex. X-ray emission is detected from the central superbubble (SB) DEM L
229, the supernova remnant (SNR) 0532$-$675 and the Wolf-Rayet (WR) bubble DEM
L 231 around the WR star Br 48. Comparison with infrared images unveils the
powerful effect of massive stars in destroying their nurseries. The
distribution of the hot gas in the SNR and the SB display their maxima in
regions in contact with the filamentary cold material detected by IR images.
Our observations do not reveal extended X-ray emission filling DEM L 231,
although several point-like sources are detected in the field of view of this
WR nebula. The X-ray properties of Br 48 are consistent with a binary WN4$+$O
as proposed by other authors. We modeled the X-ray emission from the SB and
found that its X-ray emission can be simply explained by pressure-driven wind
model, that is, there is no need to invoke the presence of a SN explosion as
previously suggested. The pressure calculations of the hot gas confirms that
the dynamical evolution of the SB DEM L 229 is dominated by the stellar winds
from the star cluster LH 76.
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News articles such as sports game reports are often thought to closely follow
the underlying game statistics, but in practice they contain a notable amount
of background knowledge, interpretation, insight into the game, and quotes that
are not present in the official statistics. This poses a challenge for
automated data-to-text news generation with real-world news corpora as training
data. We report on the development of a corpus of Finnish ice hockey news,
edited to be suitable for training of end-to-end news generation methods, as
well as demonstrate generation of text, which was judged by journalists to be
relatively close to a viable product. The new dataset and system source code
are available for research purposes at
https://github.com/scoopmatic/finnish-hockey-news-generation-paper.
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Motivated by a problem in complex dynamics, we examine the block structure of
the natural action of monodromy groups on the tree of preimages of a generic
point. We show that in many cases, including when the polynomial has prime
power degree, there are no large blocks other than those arising naturally from
the tree structure. However, using a method of construction based on real
graphs of polynomials, we exhibit a non-trivial example of a degree 6
polynomial failing to have this property. This example settles a problem raised
in a recent paper of the second author regarding constant weighted sums of
polynomials in the complex plane. We also show that degree 6 is exceptional in
another regard, as it is the lowest degree for which the monodromy group of a
polynomial is not determined by the combinatorics of the post-critical set.
These results give new applications of iterated monodromy groups to complex
dynamics.
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Kids Can’t Follow
The illustrations are stunning. If you’re looking for a visually appealing book with illustrations capturing America’s Pacific Northwest beauty, you won’t be disappointed. This book is a work of art. However, my kids don’t get it. My 4-year-old said, “I like the boat and the monster friend, but what was that about?” My 7-year-old explained in 1st grade terms that there is not a storyline here. I doubt we’ll read it again. Sometimes it seems like a children’s book was written for adults. This is one of those times. The poetic rhythm of the words was fun for me. We all loved the illustrations. But a picture book that kids can’t follow just doesn’t make it into the read again and again pile.
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The appearance of a new phase of QCD, Quarkyonic Matter in the limit of large
number of colors is studied within Nambu-Jona-Lassinio effective chiral model
coupled to the Polyakov loop. The interplay of this novel QCD phase with chiral
symmetry restoration and color deconfinement is discussed. We find that at
vanishing temperature and at large $N_c$, the quarkyonic transition occurs at
densities only slightly lower than that expected for the chiral transition.
This property is also shown to be valid at finite temperature if the
temperature is less than that of deconfinement. The position and
$N_c$-dependence of chiral critical end point is also discussed.
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In this work, we examine the topological phases that can arise in triangular
lattices with disconnected elementary band representations. We show that,
although these phases may be "fragile" with respect to the addition of extra
bands, their topological properties are manifest in certain nontrivial
holonomies (Wilson loops) in the space of nontrivial bands. We introduce an
eigenvalue index for fragile topology, and we show how a nontrivial value of
this index manifests as the winding of a hexagonal Wilson loop; this remains
true even in the absence of time-reversal or sixfold rotational symmetry.
Additionally, when time-reversal and twofold rotational symmetry are present,
we show directly that there is a protected nontrivial winding in more
conventional Wilson loops. Crucially, we emphasize that these Wilson loops
cannot change without closing a gap to the nontrivial bands. By studying the
entanglement spectrum for the fragile bands, we comment on the relationship
between fragile topology and the "obstructed atomic limit" of B. Bradlyn et
al., Nature 547, 298--305 (2017). We conclude with some perspectives on
topological matter beyond the K-theory classification.
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Great bottoms, mediocre top
I'm 5'8", 165 pounds, usually wear size 6-8 jeans, 36B bra and I bought a large this time. I LOVE the bottoms of this bathing suit - so flattering, comfortable and pretty. The top is not as cute - I'll wear it, but if I find a better top I'd switch it out. I think it's too big on me (I could have used a medium if they sold sizes separately, especially since I've got bigger/ athletic hips and legs, but smaller bust and waist). The top seemed not as well made, either, with strings hanging off, and one side of the top was ruffled and the other laid flat (it's hard to describe, but it made the top look very strange). Overall, it's a good bathing suit. 5 stars for the bottoms, 2 or 3 stars for the top.
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With Harry Callahan getting up in years, the inevitable `old man with a chip on his shoulder' story had to come into play eventually. Callahan, looking fragile sometimes and out of place, his demeanor still was unwavering. Thankfully, this film took some time off to develop a different type of story, one that might reinvent the Dirty Harry and the whole genre. While the film fell short in doing so, it was still an excellent addition to the series, even if it was getting a little out of place during a time of silly fashion trends and New Wave music.
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Efficient allocation of scarce law enforcement resources is a hard problem to
tackle. In a previous study (forthcoming Barreras et.al (2019)) it has been
shown that a simplified version of the self-exciting point process explained in
Mohler et.al (2011), performs better predicting crime in the city of Bogot\'{a}
- Colombia, than other standard hotspot models such as plain KDE or ellipses
models. This paper fully implements the Mohler et.al (2011) model in the city
of Bogot\'{a} and explains its technological deployment for the city as a tool
for the efficient allocation of police resources.
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We present a framework to synthesize control policies for nonlinear dynamical
systems from complex temporal constraints specified in a rich temporal logic
called Signal Temporal Logic (STL). We propose a novel smooth and
differentiable STL quantitative semantics called cumulative robustness, and
efficiently compute control policies through a series of smooth optimization
problems that are solved using gradient ascent algorithms. Furthermore, we
demonstrate how these techniques can be incorporated in a model predictive
control framework in order to synthesize control policies over long time
horizons. The advantages of combining the cumulative robustness function with
smooth optimization methods as well as model predictive control are illustrated
in case studies.
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First of all , you should watch this only if you don't mind the lack of subtitles , pornography , kinky sex and utter , horrifying and truly shocking depravity . I mentioned kinky sex , but to call sex in the second half of the movie " kinky " would be a great understatement . It's more like a punch in the face if you aren't prepared for this sort of sickness . That being said , I can go back to reviewing this morbid piece of pseudo - snuff genre brought to us by our fellow Japanese .<br /><br />The plot seems to be fairly basic , almost nonexistent : a girl is hired to perform in amateur porn movie . Don't expect much in first 30 - 40 minutes . There is some dialog - if you don't speak Japanese it's not going to mean much to you - that seems to be an occasional chatting between the girl and the crew & performer , then there is some porn ( straight sex ) , and after the scene is finished the performers and the crew take a break . And then ... it starts to happen .<br /><br />It seems that the girl is talked into performing one more scene - this time tied with the rope . The abuse begins : whipping , slapping , hot wax ... In the end , girl breaks down and cries . They untie her .<br /><br />Then we see performers and crew sitting at the table as if nothing had happened - except for the girl . She is visibly shaken and looks like she wants to leave . She walks to the door , sits on the floor to put her shoes on ... and that's when hell breaks loose .<br /><br />She is hit in the head with the baseball bat , her wound is treated , she is tied to the bed . What ensues can be briefly described ( I'm not going to spoil everything for you ) as rape during dismemberment . Think of " Flower of flesh and blood " , mix it with porn and you will get the idea .It goes on for about 20 minutes or so . SFX are very good , makeup too . Everything is shown , with no mercy for the viewer . You have been warned .<br /><br />I thought " Visitor Q " was a very sick movie . After watching " Niku daruma " it looked like a fairytale to me .This movie is so sick , so depraved , so twisted , so disgusting that the harshest words pale in comparison to it's finale . Too bad it's released only on VHS so there are no subtitles available . But the movie still works without them . So , if you are into ultra sickness , extreme sadism and other beauties of this beloved genre , check this out . I hope you won't have nightmares .8/10 .
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This paper introduces two ongoing research projects which seek to apply
computer modelling techniques in order to simulate human behaviour within
organisations. Previous research in other disciplines has suggested that
complex social behaviours are governed by relatively simple rules which, when
identified, can be used to accurately model such processes using computer
technology. The broad objective of our research is to develop a similar
capability within organisational psychology.
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The Coherent Neutrino-Nucleus Interaction Experiment (CONNIE) uses low-noise
fully depleted charge-coupled devices (CCDs) with the goal of measuring
low-energy recoils from coherent elastic scattering (CE$\nu$NS) of reactor
antineutrinos with silicon nuclei and testing nonstandard neutrino interactions
(NSI). We report here the first results of the detector array deployed in 2016,
considering an active mass 47.6 g (8 CCDs), which is operating at a distance of
30 m from the core of the Angra 2 nuclear reactor, with a thermal power of 3.8
GW. A search for neutrino events is performed by comparing data collected with
reactor on (2.1 kg-day) and reactor off (1.6 kg-day). The results show no
excess in the reactor-on data, reaching the world record sensitivity down to
recoil energies of about 1 keV (0.1 keV electron-equivalent). A 95% confidence
level limit for new physics is established at an event rate of 40 times the one
expected from the standard model at this energy scale. The results presented
here provide a new window to low-energy neutrino physics, allowing one to
explore for the first time the energies accessible through the low threshold of
CCDs. They will lead to new constrains on NSI from the CE$\nu$NS of
antineutrinos from nuclear reactors.
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We reconsider the dynamics of stochastic or thermal tunneling in theories
like Dirac-Born-Infeld inflation that have non-minimal kinetic terms and, as a
result, strongly non-Gaussian perturbations. We first describe a local
description of the tunneling process which gives results consistent with the
standard Hawking-Moss tunneling. This result is under perturbative control as
long as the fluctuation determinant is well approximated by a one-loop
integral. We then move to a global description, using the methodology of
stochastic inflation and the in-in path integral formalism. This approach shows
clearly that the tunneling process becomes strongly coupled whenever the sound
speed of the tunneling trajectory departs sufficiently from unity. We argue
that these two very different perspectives are nevertheless consistent, and may
imply the existence of a simple resummation of the strongly coupled
interactions of the field.
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As noble liquid time projection chambers grow in size their high voltage
requirements increase, and detailed, reproducible studies of dielectric
breakdown and the onset of electroluminescence are needed to inform their
design. The Xenon Breakdown Apparatus (XeBrA) is a 5-liter cryogenic chamber
built to characterize the DC high voltage breakdown behavior of liquid xenon
and liquid argon. Electrodes with areas up to 33~cm$^2$ were tested while
varying the cathode-anode separation from 1 to 6~mm with a voltage difference
up to 75~kV. A power-law relationship between breakdown field and electrode
area was observed. The breakdown behavior of liquid argon and liquid xenon
within the same experimental apparatus was comparable.
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In 1988, Ivlev proposed four-valued non-deterministic semantics for modal
logics in which the alethic T axiom holds good. Unfortunately, no completeness
was proved. In previous work, we proved completeness for some Ivlev systems and
extended his hierarchy, proposing weaker six-valued systems in which the T
axiom was replaced by the deontic D axiom. Here, we eliminate both axioms,
proposing even weaker systems with eight values. Besides, we prove completeness
for those new systems. It is natural to ask if a characterization by finite
ordinary (deterministic) logical matrices would be possible for all those
systems. We will show that finite deterministic matrices do not characterize
any of them.
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We show that for $n \geq 3, n\ne 5$, in any partition of $\mathcal{P}(n)$,
the set of all subsets of $[n]=\{1,2,\dots,n\}$, into $2^{n-2}-1$ parts, some
part must contain a triangle --- three different subsets $A,B,C\subseteq [n]$
such that $A\cap B$, $A\cap C$, and $B\cap C$ have distinct representatives.
This is sharp, since by placing two complementary pairs of sets into each
partition class, we have a partition into $2^{n-2}$ triangle-free parts. We
also address a more general Ramsey-type problem: for a given graph $G$, find
(estimate) $f(n,G)$, the smallest number of colors needed for a coloring of
$\mathcal{P}(n)$, such that no color class contains a Berge-$G$ subhypergraph.
We give an upper bound for $f(n,G)$ for any connected graph $G$ which is
asymptotically sharp (for fixed $k$) when $G=C_k, P_k, S_k$, a cycle, path, or
star with $k$ edges. Additional bounds are given for $G=C_4$ and $G=S_3$.
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Automatic objective non-invasive detection of pathological voice based on
computerized analysis of acoustic signals can play an important role in early
diagnosis, progression tracking and even effective treatment of pathological
voices. In search towards such a robust voice pathology detection system we
investigated 3 distinct classifiers within supervised learning and anomaly
detection paradigms. We conducted a set of experiments using a variety of input
data such as raw waveforms, spectrograms, mel-frequency cepstral coefficients
(MFCC) and conventional acoustic (dysphonic) features (AF). In comparison with
previously published works, this article is the first to utilize combination of
4 different databases comprising normophonic and pathological recordings of
sustained phonation of the vowel /a/ unrestricted to a subset of vocal
pathologies. Furthermore, to our best knowledge, this article is the first to
explore gradient boosted trees and deep learning for this application. The
following best classification performances measured by F1 score on dedicated
test set were achieved: XGBoost (0.733) using AF and MFCC, DenseNet (0.621)
using MFCC, and Isolation Forest (0.610) using AF. Even though these results
are of exploratory character, conducted experiments do show promising potential
of gradient boosting and deep learning methods to robustly detect voice
pathologies.
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A non-perturbative Renormalization Group approach is used to calculate
scaling functions for an O(4) model in d=3 dimensions in the presence of an
external symmetry-breaking field. These scaling functions are important for the
analysis of critical behavior in the O(4) universality class. For example, the
finite-temperature phase transition in QCD with two flavors is expected to fall
into this class. Critical exponents are calculated in local potential
approximation. Parameterizations of the scaling functions for the order
parameter and for the longitudinal susceptibility are given. Relations from
universal scaling arguments between these scaling functions are investigated
and confirmed. The expected asymptotic behavior of the scaling functions
predicted by Griffiths is observed. Corrections to the scaling behavior at
large values of the external field are studied qualitatively. These scaling
corrections can become large, which might have implications for the scaling
analysis of lattice QCD results.
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Your arguments are flawed in so many ways it's hard to keep up. First off, Alaska's Constitution doesn't say the state's wildlife belongs only to those who pay hunting license and tag fees. That right there makes your entire funding argument bogus. Wildlife belongs to all Alaskans, whether they hunt or not. Therefore all Alaskans should have a voice, which includes fair representation of course, on the Board of Game.
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When a user requests a web page from a web archive, the user will typically
either get an HTTP 200 if the page is available, or an HTTP 404 if the web page
has not been archived. This is because web archives are typically accessed by
URI lookup, and the response is binary: the archive either has the page or it
does not, and the user will not know of other archived web pages that exist and
are potentially similar to the requested web page. In this paper, we propose
augmenting these binary responses with a model for selecting and ranking
recommended web pages in a Web archive. This is to enhance both HTTP 404
responses and HTTP 200 responses by surfacing web pages in the archive that the
user may not know existed. First, we check if the URI is already classified in
DMOZ or Wikipedia. If the requested URI is not found, we use ML to classify the
URI using DMOZ as our ontology and collect candidate URIs to recommended to the
user. Next, we filter the candidates based on if they are present in the
archive. Finally, we rank candidates based on several features, such as
archival quality, web page popularity, temporal similarity, and URI similarity.
We calculated the F1 score for different methods of classifying the requested
web page at the first level. We found that using all-grams from the URI after
removing numerals and the TLD produced the best result with F1=0.59. For
second-level classification, the micro-average F1=0.30. We found that 44.89% of
the correctly classified URIs contained at least one word that exists in a
dictionary and 50.07% of the correctly classified URIs contained long strings
in the domain. In comparison with the URIs from our Wayback access logs, only
5.39% of those URIs contained only words from a dictionary, and 26.74%
contained at least one word from a dictionary. These percentages are low and
may affect the ability for the requested URI to be correctly classified.
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On a compact symplectic manifold $(X,\omega)$ with a prequantum line bundle
$(L,\nabla,h)$, we consider the one-parameter family of $\omega$-compatible
complex structures which converges to the real polarization coming from the
Lagrangian torus fibration. There are several researches which show that the
holomorphic sections of the line bundle localize at Bohr-Sommerfeld fibers. In
this article we consider the one-parameter family of the Riemannian metrics on
the frame bundle of $L$ determined by the complex structures and $\nabla,h$,
and we can see that their diameters diverge. If we fix a base point in some
fibers of the Lagrangian fibration we can show that they measured
Gromov-Hausdorff converge to some pointed metric measure spaces with the
isometric $S^1$-actions, which may depend on the choice of the base point. We
observe that the properties of the $S^1$-actions on the limit spaces actually
depend on whether the base point is in the Bohr-Sommerfeld fibers or not.
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Clinical text classification is an important problem in medical natural
language processing. Existing studies have conventionally focused on rules or
knowledge sources-based feature engineering, but only a few have exploited
effective feature learning capability of deep learning methods. In this study,
we propose a novel approach which combines rule-based features and
knowledge-guided deep learning techniques for effective disease classification.
Critical Steps of our method include identifying trigger phrases, predicting
classes with very few examples using trigger phrases and training a
convolutional neural network with word embeddings and Unified Medical Language
System (UMLS) entity embeddings. We evaluated our method on the 2008
Integrating Informatics with Biology and the Bedside (i2b2) obesity challenge.
The results show that our method outperforms the state of the art methods.
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Do you believe that the 'Austrian model' - namely the taking of bilateral majority decisions - in the future will be an instrument for taking decisions ignoring the European institutions and to build a new institution, or a new group, to be able to circumvent the rule of unanimity in the Council?
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New Delhi: Congress leader Rahul Gandhi on Thursday lashed out at former party colleague Jyotiraditya Scindia, who joined the BJP on Wednesday, saying that he got worried about his political future and ‘abandoned’ his ideology.Also Read - 'Only Person in Congress Who Could Walk Into my House Anytime,' Says Rahul Gandhi on Jyotiraditya Scindia
Notably, Jyotiraditya Scindia, a former four-term Lok Sabha MP as well as a former Union Minister, on Tuesday brought to an end his 18-year-long association with the Congress. Also Read - 'While You Were Busy Destabilising Govt': Rahul Gandhi Breaks Silence, Attacks PM Modi For Madhya Pradesh Muddle
Speaking on the issue, Rahul said that Scindia joining the BJP was a ‘fight’ between two ideologies, with Congress being on one side and the Rashtriya Swayam Sevak Sangh (RSS)-the BJP’s ideological mentor-on the other. “I know Jyotiraditya’s ideology as he was with me in college. He got worried about his political future, abandoned his ideology and went with the RSS,” said Rahul Gandhi. Also Read - When Jyotiraditya Prompted Rahul Gandhi What to Say: Video And Memes Go Viral After Scindia's Exit
Rahul Gandhi, Congress: This is a fight of ideology, on one side is Congress & BJP-RSS on the other. I know Jyotiraditya Scindia's ideology, he was with me in college, I know him well. He got worried about his political future, abandoned his ideology and went with RSS. pic.twitter.com/VUD9SgPn1m — ANI (@ANI) March 12, 2020
He further said that having been Scindia’s friend for a long time, he knew that Scindia won’t get respect in the BJP and will realise this later. “What is in his heart and what is coming out of his mouth is different,” said the Congress Lok Sabha MP from Wayanad.
On being questioned why he is not sending his ‘core team members’ to the Rajya Sabha, he said that since he is not the Congress president anymore, he was not deciding on the party’s Rajya Sabha nominees.
Rahul Gandhi on being asked why he's not sending his core team members to Rajya Sabha: I'm not Congress President, I'm not taking decisions on RS nominees. I am informing the youth of the country about the economy. Who is in my team, who is not in my team is of no consequence. pic.twitter.com/BMOueCCGnM — ANI (@ANI) March 12, 2020
Not being given a ticket to the Rajya Sabha is reported to be one of the reasons that led to Jyotiraditya Scindia jumping ship to the BJP.
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I was absolutely mesmerised by this series from the moment Tom Long walked into shot - the whole 'bad boy' thing, it was just addictive.<br /><br />The story has you hooked, what will happen next - will Joey get the girl in the end, after doing 5 years in prison, and all that time thinking about his lost love, crossing paths with her again, finding he has a son... Although he is a violent bad guy, you still want him to find happiness.<br /><br />A truly captivating two parter - please bring it out on video!
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This new Candy Cane & Pink Popsicles approach to commenting in the Globe & Mail is tedious – plus the new shortened comment space, circumvents anyone with a serious bent for critique from truly stating their case complete with citations.
Further, it takes the 'non-bias' element out of Globe commenting, thereby creating a perfect situation for some acting-out in either bias, sour grapes or both – therefore every single comment that I am expected to rate will simply be given top marks – gratis.
If the Globe thinks so little of its engaged paying customers – then the Globe will not notice the loss of many loyal patrons.
Therefore...
. . . Canada -- comment your little heart out because everyone gets an uncensored free pass-the-post with the Forest - Creature..!!
/ ..
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We study the long time behavior of small (in $l^2$) solutions of discrete
nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations with potential. In particular, we are
interested in the case that the corresponding discrete Schr\"odinger operator
has exactly two eigenvalues. We show that under the nondegeneracy condition of
Fermi Golden Rule, all small solutions decompose into a nonlinear bound state
and dispersive wave. We further show the instability of excited states and
generalized equipartition property.
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Well, I'd be lying if I said that this could easily rival Spiderman or the Batman movies. Still, it was more appealing to me for it's moral value. I first bought the VHS when my son was about 2 years old and it immediately became his favorite. My wife and I are avid supporters of Robert Townsend and have been since he used credit cards to finance his first movie, "Hollywood Shuffle". True, he needs to take advantage of the talents and knowledge of technical advisors to make the films more believable, but his movies are still fun.<br /><br />Meteor Man provides a hero with an Urban Contemporary feel. I always felt that, if there were superheroes, they wouldn't provide the same scenarios as depicted in the comics. Meteor Man is realistic hero with real problems: Car broken into, bad neighborhood, local drug-dealing gangs using children for distribution, etc. The scope of his mission stayed pretty much within the community.<br /><br />What I found to be truly entertaining, outside of James Earl Jones' "young forever" performance, was how the neighborhood responded to his newly discovered powers. It wasn't long before they had a full agenda lined up for him, without his input, of course. It was hilarious to hear them offer to lend him out to other communities where their extended families lived.<br /><br />Yes, the plot was weak, the movie was predictable, there was bad acting and continuity was rotten, but it ranks #1 with my kids. Robert Townsend works to bring movies "home" so to speak. I doubt he'll ever truly be recognized as the talented actor/producer/director he truly is, but there are and will always be, those that love him for his efforts.<br /><br />One point to ponder about the film, which I find amusing: Throughout the entire battle with Simon, no one bothered to call the police???? Also, what mother and father do you know that will watch their son fight from a window? My mother would have been right there, scrapping by my side, toe-to-toe. Dad would be loading his pistol. lol<br /><br />Rent it and check it out. It's worth seeing at least once and good for those of you that are fans of Sinbad, Luther Vandross, Bill Cosby, Big Daddy Kane, etc. Great job with the cameos Robert!
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Dense 3D visual mapping estimates as many as possible pixel depths, for each
image. This results in very dense point clouds that often contain redundant and
noisy information, especially for surfaces that are roughly planar, for
instance, the ground or the walls in the scene. In this paper we leverage on
semantic image segmentation to discriminate which regions of the scene require
simplification and which should be kept at high level of details. We propose
four different point cloud simplification methods which decimate the perceived
point cloud by relying on class-specific local and global statistics still
maintaining more points in the proximity of class boundaries to preserve the
infra-class edges and discontinuities. 3D dense model is obtained by fusing the
point clouds in a 3D Delaunay Triangulation to deal with variable point cloud
density. In the experimental evaluation we have shown that, by leveraging on
semantics, it is possible to simplify the model and diminish the noise
affecting the point clouds.
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The purpose of this article is to study gradient Yamabe soliton on warped
product manifolds. First, we prove triviality results in the case of noncompact
base with limited warping function, and for compact base. In order to provide
nontrivial examples, we consider the base conformal to a semi-Euclidean space,
which is invariant under the action of a translation group, and then we
characterize steady solitons. We use this method to give infinitely many
explicit examples of complete steady gradient Yamabe solitons.
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This paper is devoted to analize inside the infinitely many possible bases of
Uq(g), same that can be considered "more equal then others". The element of
selection has been a privileged relation with the bialgebra. A new parameter z'
has been found that determines the commutation relations, independent from the
z=log(q) that defines Uq(g). Both z and z' are necessary to fix the relations
between the basic set and its coproducts. Three cases are particularly
relevant: the analytical set with z'=z, the Lie set with Lie-like commutation
relations (for z'=0) and the canonical/crystal basis with z' infinity. To
simplify the exposition, we discuss in details the easy generalizable case of
Uq(su(2)).
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Put the design on a better shirt
Great design that should’ve been put on a better shirt. The material is very thin. I’ve had it for 2 months and worn it a handful of times...it has a hole already. It’s soft and comfortable but as thin as it is there’s little reason to wonder why.
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Error bound condition has recently gained revived interest in optimization.
It has been leveraged to derive faster convergence for many popular algorithms,
including subgradient methods, proximal gradient method and accelerated
proximal gradient method. However, it is still unclear whether the Frank-Wolfe
(FW) method can enjoy faster convergence under error bound condition. In this
short note, we give an affirmative answer to this question. We show that the FW
method (with a line search for the step size) for optimization over a strongly
convex set is automatically adaptive to the error bound condition of the
problem. In particular, the iteration complexity of FW can be characterized by
$O(\max(1/\epsilon^{1-\theta}, \log(1/\epsilon)))$ where $\theta\in[0,1]$ is a
constant that characterizes the error bound condition. Our results imply that
if the constrained set is characterized by a strongly convex function and the
objective function can achieve a smaller value outside the considered domain,
then the FW method enjoys a fast rate of $O(1/t^2)$.
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Relentlessly stupid, no-budget "war picture" made mainly to show off the attributes of the spectacular Eve Meyer--not a bad idea in itself--but that should be an embarrassment to everyone connected with it. Laughable "script", performances that wouldn't pass muster in an elementary-school Christmas pageant, inept "action" scenes, confused direction by the normally competent documentary director Louis Clyde Stoumen--who is apparently not quite sure if he's making a comedy, a philosophical treatise on the futility of war or a leering T&A (by early 1960s standards, anyway) travelogue of Eve Meyer's magnificent body--and a general air of shoddiness and incompetence. Worth seeing in order to watch Eve Meyer strut her stuff, but that's pretty much it.
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We describe a scanning device where a single spin is used as an
ultrasensitive, nanoscale magnetic field sensor. As this "probe spin" we
consider a single nitrogen-vacancy defect center in a diamond nanocrystal,
attached to the tip of the scanning device. Changes in the local field seen by
the probe spin are detected by optically monitoring its electron paramagnetic
resonance transition. The room-temperature scanning device may be useful for
performing nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy, and for the
characterization of magnetic nanostructures down to the single atom level.
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We study the stationary distribution of the (spread-out) $d$-dimensional
contact process from the point of view of site percolation. In this process,
vertices of $\mathbb{Z}^d$ can be healthy (state 0) or infected (state 1). With
rate one infected sites recover, and with rate $\lambda$ they transmit the
infection to some other vertex chosen uniformly within a ball of radius $R$.
The classical phase transition result for this process states that there is a
critical value $\lambda_c(R)$ such that the process has a non-trivial
stationary distribution if and only if $\lambda > \lambda_c(R)$. In
configurations sampled from this stationary distribution, we study
nearest-neighbor site percolation of the set of infected sites; the associated
percolation threshold is denoted $\lambda_p(R)$. We prove that $\lambda_p(R)$
converges to $1/(1-p_c)$ as $R$ tends to infinity, where $p_c$ is the threshold
for Bernoulli site percolation on $\mathbb{Z}^d$. As a consequence, we prove
that $\lambda_p(R) > \lambda_c(R)$ for large enough $R$, answering an open
question of Liggett and Steif in the spread-out case.
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Magnetic fields in galaxies are produced via the amplification of seed
magnetic fields of unknown nature. The seed fields, which might exist in their
initial form in the intergalactic medium, were never detected. We report a
lower bound $B\ge 3\times 10^{-16}$~gauss on the strength of intergalactic
magnetic fields, which stems from the nonobservation of GeV gamma-ray emission
from electromagnetic cascade initiated by tera-electron volt gamma-ray in
intergalactic medium. The bound improves as $\lambda_B^{-1/2}$ if magnetic
field correlation length, $\lambda_B$, is much smaller than a megaparsec. This
lower bound constrains models for the origin of cosmic magnetic fields.
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Isn't it disingenuous to post the gross revenue without referring also to the cost of production? I know you understand that oil companies are in business to make a profit on their investments. Tax credit programs are a judgment by the State to encourage development of resources such as in Cook Inlet. Reform due to changed conditions is mandatory but lets not pretend we are getting screwed.
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We derive the infinite dimensional Supersymmetric Galilean Conformal Algebra
(SGCA) in the case of two spacetime dimensions by performing group contraction
on 2d superconformal algebra. We also obtain the representations of the
generators in terms of superspace coordinates. Here we find realisations of the
SGCA by considering scaling limits of certain 2d SCFTs which are non-unitary
and have their left and right central charges become large in magnitude and
opposite in sign. We focus on the Neveu-Schwarz sector of the parent SCFTs and
develop, in parallel to the GCA studies recently in (arXiv:0912.1090), the
representation theory based on SGCA primaries, Ward identities for their
correlation functions and their descendants which are null states.
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We investigate the low temperature magnetic field dependence of the
resistivity in the thermoelectric misfit cobalt oxide [Bi1.7Ca2O4]0.59CoO2 from
60 K down to 3 K. The scaling of the negative magnetoresistance demonstrates a
spin dependent transport mechanism due to a strong Hund's coupling. The
inferred microscopic description implies dual electronic states which explain
the coexistence between localized and itinerant electrons both contributing to
the thermopower. By shedding a new light on the electronic states which lead to
a high thermopower, this result likely provides a new potential way to optimize
the thermoelectric properties.
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Holographic representations of data encode information in packets of equal
importance that enable progressive recovery. The quality of recovered data
improves as more and more packets become available. This progressive recovery
of the information is independent of the order in which packets become
available. Such representations are ideally suited for distributed storage and
for the transmission of data packets over networks with unpredictable delays
and or erasures.
Several methods for holographic representations of signals and images have
been proposed over the years and multiple description information theory also
deals with such representations. Surprisingly, however, these methods had not
been considered in the classical framework of optimal least-squares estimation
theory, until very recently. We develop a least-squares approach to the design
of holographic representation for stochastic data vectors, relying on the
framework widely used in modeling signals and images.
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We recount the successful long career of classical physics, from Newton to
Einstein, which was based on the philosophy of scientific realism. Special
emphasis is given to the changing status and number of ontological entitities
and arguments for their necessity at any time. Newton, initially, began with
(i) point particles, (ii) aether, (iii) absolute space and (iv) absolute time.
The electromagnetic theory of Maxwell and Faraday introduced `fields' as a new
ontological entity not reducible to earlier ones. Their work also unified
electricity, magnetism and optics. Repeated failure to observe the motion of
earth through aether led Einstein to modify the Newtonian absolute space and
time concepts to a fused Minkowski space-time and the removal of aether from
basic ontological entities in his special theory of relativity. Later Einstein
in his attempts to give a local theory of gravitation was led to further modify
flat Minkowski space-time to the curved Riemannian space time. This reduced
gravitational phenomenon to that of geometry of the space time. Space-time,
matter and fields all became dynamical. We also abstract some general features
of description of nature in classical physics and enquire whether these could
be features of any scientific description?
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In December 2016, after several years of development, Elsevier launched a set
of transparent, comprehensive, current, and freely-available journal citation
metrics called CiteScore metrics. Most of the CiteScore metrics are static,
annual indicators calculated from the dynamic Scopus citation index. In the
spirit of recent public statements on the responsible use of metrics, we
outline the desirable characteristics of journal citation metrics, discuss how
we decided on the cited and citing publications years and document types to be
used for CiteScore metrics, and detail the precise method of calculation of
each metric. We further discuss CiteScore metrics eligibility criteria and
online display choices, as well as our approach to calculating static
indicators from the dynamic citation index. Finally, we look at the feedback
the metrics have so far received and how CiteScore is already developing in
response.
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I love the guy with the sign...'Education is a human right' he's lived a sheltered life. Most of the world's population doesn't have access to higher learning and the country's that offer state payed education, be ready to fork over 74% of your income in taxes. Education is not a human right but the pursuit of happiness is, so if education makes you happy you might need a second job...or maybe a first one.
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Flimsy Charger Cover
Having misplaced my Apple Pencil, I thought I would try a cheaper alternative. The pencil paired easily with my iPad Pro and seemed to work well. The rubber cover for the charging part was flimsy and disconnected from the pencil. It was very difficult to reinsert the anchor and ultimately it broke off. I guess I got what i paid for.
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Our study is initiated by a multi-component particle system underlying the
tiling of a half hexagon by three species of rhombi. In this particle system
species $j$ consists of $\lfloor j/2 \rfloor$ particles which are interlaced
with neigbouring species. The joint probability density function (PDF) for this
particle system is obtained, and is shown in a suitable scaling limit to
coincide with the joint eigenvalue PDF for the process formed by the successive
minors of anti-symmetric GUE matrices, which in turn we compute from first
principles. The correlations for this process are determinantal and we give an
explicit formula for the corresponding correlation kernel in terms of Hermite
polynomials. Scaling limits of the latter are computed, giving rise to the Airy
kernel, extended Airy kernel and bead kernel at the soft edge and in the bulk,
as well as a new kernel at the hard edge.
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Expected Utility Theory (EUT) provides axioms for maximizing utility in risky choice. The Independence Axiom (IA) is its most demanding axiom: preferences between two options should not change when altering both options equally by mixing them with a common gamble. We tested common consequence (CC) and common ratio (CR) violations of the IA over several months in thousands of stochastic choices using a large variety of binary option sets. Three monkeys showed consistently few outright Preference Reversals (8%) but substantial graded Preference Changes (46%) between the initial preferred gamble and the corresponding altered gamble. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) indicated that gamble probabilities predicted most Preference Changes in CC (72%) and CR (88%) tests. The Akaike Information Criterion indicated that probability weighting within Cumulative Prospect Theory (CPT) explained choices better than models using Expected Value (EV) or EUT. Fitting by utility and probability weighting functions of CPT resulted in nonlinear and non-parallel indifference curves (IC) in the Marschak-Machina triangle and suggested IA non-compliance of models using EV or EUT. Indeed, CPT models predicted Preference Changes better than EV and EUT models. Indifference points in out-of-sample tests were closer to CPT-estimated ICs than EV and EUT ICs. Finally, while the few outright Preference Reversals may reflect the long experience of our monkeys, their more graded Preference Changes corresponded to those reported for humans. In benefitting from the wide testing possibilities in monkeys, our stringent axiomatic tests contribute critical information about risky decision-making and serve as basis for investigating neuronal decision mechanisms.
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Breaks off of chain
It's very cute and looks just like the picture but it broke off of the chain after only a few months of use and I didn't jerk it. The fan doesn't have a wall switch and therefore requires the chain to function. It's probably fine if you don't pull the chain very often.
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No it's not. I've worked/planned political fundraising events before. Everything is reported up and an employee of the party is involved (even if just to discuss the particulars (fee) with the volunteer hosting). What should have happened is that the PM's office would look at the inflated value of the ticket and decide if it could be justified by the whole "covering the venue/meal costs' excuse. If it couldn't they should have declined to accept the invite for Trudeau to appear.
You really can't spin this. There are always bits of shady fundraising that are hard to track (people drop $300 in 20s in the collection for cash donations at the event, no on can catch that). But those are small and not really substantial in occurrence. Trudeau is blatantly flaunting the rules.
I fund raised for 2 liberal leaders, multiple liberal MPs and 5 liberal MLAs. So when I get mad about this it's because I am disgusted with how Trudeau is flaunting the rules, not because I hate the liberal party.
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We study the relation between neutron removal cross section ($\sigma_{-N}$)
and neutron skin thickness for finite neutron rich nuclei using the statistical
abrasion ablation (SAA) model. Different sizes of neutron skin are obtained by
adjusting the diffuseness parameter of neutrons in the Fermi distribution. It
is demonstrated that there is a good linear correlation between $\sigma_{-N}$
and the neutron skin thickness for neutron rich nuclei. Further analysis
suggests that the relative increase of neutron removal cross section could be
used as a quantitative measure for the neutron skin thickness in neutron rich
nuclei.
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Precise magnetic structures of RMn2O5, with R= Y, Ho, Bi in the
commensurate/ferroelectric regime, have been determined by single-crystal
neutron diffraction. For each system, the integrated intensities of a large
number of independent magnetic Bragg reflections have been measured, allowing
unconstrained least-squares refinement of the structures. The analysis confirms
the previously reported magnetic configuration in the ab-plane, in particular
the existence of zig-zag antiferromagnetic chains. For the Y and Ho compounds
additional weak magnetic components parallel to the c-axis were detected which
are modulated in phase quadrature with the a-b components. This component is
extremely small in the BiMn2O5 sample, therefore supporting symmetric exchange
as the principal mechanism inducing ferroelectricity. For HoMn2O5, a magnetic
ordering of the Ho moments was observed, which is consistent with a
super-exchange interaction through the oxygens. For all three compounds, the
point symmetry in the magnetically ordered state is m2m, allowing the polar
b-axis found experimentally.
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