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Domain Randomization (DR) is known to require a significant amount of training data for good performance. We argue that this is due to DR's strategy of random data generation using a uniform distribution over simulation parameters, as a result, DR often generates samples which are uninformative for the learner. In this work, we theoretically analyze DR using ideas from multi-source domain adaptation. Based on our findings, we propose Adversarial Domain Randomization (ADR) as an efficient variant of DR which generates adversarial samples with respect to the learner during training. We implement ADR as a policy whose action space is the quantized simulation parameter space. At each iteration, the policy's action generates labeled data and the reward is set as negative of learner's loss on this data. As a result, we observe ADR frequently generates novel samples for the learner like truncated and occluded objects for object detection and confusing classes for image classification. We perform evaluations on datasets like CLEVR, Syn2Real, and VIRAT for various tasks where we demonstrate that ADR outperforms DR by generating fewer data samples.
We show how to compute the Lagrangian Floer homology in the one-point blow up of the proper transform of Lagrangians submanifolds, solely in terms of information of the base manifold. As an example we present an alternative computation of the Lagrangian quantum homology in the one-point blow up of (CP^2,\omega) of the proper transform of the Clifford torus.
Bette Midler is indescribable in this concert. She gives her all every time she is on stage. Whether we are laughing at her jokes and antics or dabbing our eyes at the strains of one of her tremendous ballads, Bette Midler moves her audience. If you can't see it live (which is the best way to see Bette) then this is the next best thing. An interesting thing to look at is how incredible her voice has changed and matured over the years but never lost its power. Her more "vocally correct" version of "Stay With Me" never loses anything in spirit from THE ROSE or DIVINE MADNESS, Here it is just more pure and as heartfelt as ever. I will treasure this concert for a very long time.
In a recent work, B\"ol and Reese have introduced a discrete model for polymer networks by means of a finite element modeling. They have also provided a comparison with real experiments. A key parameter of their model is the size h of the finite element mesh, that is meant to be small in practice. The aim of the present work is to study the asymptotic behaviour (and the convergence of the finite element method) when the meshsize goes to zero. In particular, we address the properties satisfied by the model at the limit, depending on the properties of the mesh.
This paper is concerned with strong blow-up instability (Definition 1.3) for standing wave solutions to the system of the quadratic nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations. In the single case, namely the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation with power type nonlinearity, stability and instability for standing wave solutions have been extensively studied. On the other hand, in the case of our system, there are no results concerning the stability and instability as far as we know. In this paper, we prove strong blow-up instability for the standing wave to our system. The proof is based on the techniques in Ohta and Todorova [25]. It turns out that we need the mass resonance condition in two or three space dimensions whose cases are the mass-subcritical case.
The Government is to commemorate those who served in the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) and the Dublin Metropolitan Police (DMP) prior to independence. The event, part of the State programme to mark the decade of centenaries, will take place in Dublin Castle on January 17th will be addressed by Minister for Justice Charlie Flanagan and Garda Commissioner Drew Harris. The RIC was established in 1836 and disbanded after Irish independence in 1922. It operated in all parts of Ireland except in Dublin, where the DMP was the police force during the same period. Mr Flanagan in September became the first government minister to attend a commemoration service for policemen killed by the IRA in the War of Independence. Ministers have traditionally shied away from such services because of the role of both forces in opposing those who sought Irish independence through armed actions. The armed RIC was in the vanguard of British resistence to the IRA during the War of Independence causing thousands to quit the force. Dáil Éireann organised a boycott of the force from April 1919 on and the mass burning of RIC barracks began in January 1920. When the British government realised the RIC was not up to the task of defending British rule in Ireland, they drafted in the Black and Tans and Auxiliaries, mercenary soldiers from Britain, to take the fight to the IRA. In September, Mr Flanagan was a guest at the annual interdenominational service for members of the RIC and DMP held at the Church of St Paul of the Cross in Mount Argus in Dublin. Taoiseach Leo Varadkar was represented by his aide-de-camp Commandant Caroline Burke at the service. The names of 11 RIC and four DMP men killed in 1919 during the first year of the War of Independence were read out. Speaking to The Irish Times after the service, Mr Flanagan said he attended because the policemen involved were “doing their job. They were murdered in the line of duty. “They were doing what police officers do. As they saw it they were protecting communities from harm. They were maintaining the rule of law. These are fundamental to police services everywhere.” Mr Flanagan described himself as a “pluralist who believes in the co-existence of peoples of different traditions on the island coming together. “As Minister for Justice, I acknowledge that being a policeman is a very tough job. The men that we commemorated were all killed in the line of duty.” He added: “I believe very strongly in the spirit of the Good Friday Agreement and, in the spirit of co-existence. These are sensitive ceremonies and they are very important to me. “The fundamental basis of the Good Friday Agreement brings people together. I see the fundamental principle of Brexit being the opposite. “These are difficult and sensitive issues. We cannot any longer ignore them or be partisan. I believe I have a duty as Minister for Justice to police officers.” The decision by the State to hold a service to remember the RIC and DMP has been welcomed by the Historical & Reconciliatory Police (HARP) Society set up in 2012 to remember Irish policemen killed on duty between 1836 and 1922 of whom 525 were killed during the War of Independence. Spokesman Jim Herlihy said: “The Harp Society are delighted with the initiative now taken by Government in at long last hosting the forthcoming event in Dublin Castle and are also in hope that such an event will lead to the provision of a fitting permanent memorial to commemorate the sacrifice made by the 642 members of Royal Irish Constabulary and the 30 members of the Dublin Metropolitan Police between 1836 and 1922.” Mr Herlihy said his extensive research over the last number of years reveals that 10,936 Black and Tans and 2,264 Auxiliaries served in Ireland during the War of Independence. Of those, 152 Black and Tans and 44 Auxilaries were killed. His research also reveals that 883 Black and Tans were Irish-born and 126 Auxilaries were Irish.
With developments going from bad to worse for the Iranian regime, the mullahs have decided to play a 40 year-old card. They have orchestrated an attack on a U.S. embassy, this time the one in Baghdad. President Trump summarized the situation in this tweet: Iran killed an American contractor, wounding many. We strongly responded, and always will. Now Iran is orchestrating an attack on the U.S. Embassy in Iraq. They will be held fully responsible. In addition, we expect Iraq to use its forces to protect the Embassy, and so notified. Trump’s expectation of protection from the Iraqi government may be too optimistic. Indeed, Trump seems to recognize this. Reportedly, he is sending additional forces to keep U.S. personnel in Iraq safe. According to CNN, the number of troops will initially be less than a 1,000. A larger force of several thousand soldiers has also been placed on stand-by and could also be deployed to the region if the need arises. Let’s hope that Trump is able to avoid an embassy takeover or similar disaster. And if there is an embassy takeover, let’s hope that Trump handles it a whole lot better than Jimmy Carter did 40 years ago.
We are concerned with the existence of global in time solutions to the Cauchy problem for semi-linear Klein-Gordon equations with memory-type dissipation in $\mathbb{R}^n$. In the first place, we consider the linearized equation: applying the energy method in the Fourier space, we derive the point-wise estimate of a solution in the Fourier space. However, we found that the function in energy estimates has a mistake.
We develope $\mathbb{C}^{\ast}$-equivariant categorical Donaldson-Thomas theory for local surfaces, i.e. the total spaces of canonical line bundles on smooth projective surfaces. We introduce $\mathbb{C}^{\ast}$-equivariant DT categories for local surfaces as Verdier quotients of derived categories of coherent sheaves on derived moduli stacks of coherent sheaves on surfaces, by subcategories of objects whose singular supports are contained in unstable loci. Via Koszul duality, our construction may be regarded as certain gluing of $\mathbb{C}^{\ast}$-equivariant derived categories of factorizations. We also develope $\mathbb{C}^{\ast}$-equivariant DT theory for stable D0-D2-D6 bound states on local surfaces, including categorical Pandharipande-Thomas theory. The key result toward the construction is the description of the stack of D0-D2-D6 bound states on the local surface as the dual obstruction cone over the moduli stack of pairs on the surface. We propose several conjectures on wall-crossing of PT categories, motivated by categorifications of wall-crossing formula of PT invariants and d-critical analogue of D/K equivalence conjecture in birational geometry. We establish three ways toward the categorical wall-crossing conjecture: semiorthogonal decomposition via linear Koszul duality, window theorem for DT categories, and categorified Hall products. These techniques indicate several implications, e.g. rationality of generating series of PT categories, wall-crossing equivalence of DT categories for one dimensional stable sheaves, and categorical MNOP/PT correspondence for reduced curve classes.
Keeps randomly disconnecting. I liked Jam Bluetooth speakers, however recently my old one had been randomly disconnecting in the middle of my music. Thinking it just my speaker, I purchased the Jam Classic. However I still have the same problem. I do not have this problem with other bluetooth speakers. Dispite this problem, speaker is easy to use & very nice volume for the size!
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS$_2$) is one of the most broadly utilized solid lubricants with a wide range of applications, including but not limited to those in the aerospace/space industry. Here we present a focused review of solid lubrication with MoS$_2$ by highlighting its structure, synthesis, applications and the fundamental mechanisms underlying its lubricative properties, together with a discussion of their environmental and temperature dependence. An effort is made to cover the main theoretical and experimental studies that constitute milestones in our scientific understanding. The review also includes an extensive overview of the structure and tribological properties of doped MoS$_2$, followed by a discussion of potential future research directions.
In this article, we propose a simple method to perform variable selection as a post model-fitting exercise using continuous shrinkage priors such as the popular horseshoe prior. The proposed Signal Adaptive Variable Selector (SAVS) approach post-processes a point estimate such as the posterior mean to group the variables into signals and nulls. The approach is completely automated and does not require specification of any tuning parameters. We carried out a comprehensive simulation study to compare the performance of the proposed SAVS approach to frequentist penalization procedures and Bayesian model selection procedures. SAVS was found to be highly competitive across all the settings considered, and was particularly found to be robust to correlated designs. We also applied SAVS to a genomic dataset with more than 20,000 covariates to illustrate its scalability.
Being able to see beyond the direct line of sight is an intriguing prospective and could benefit a wide variety of important applications. Recent work has demonstrated that time-resolved measurements of indirect diffuse light contain valuable information for reconstructing shape and reflectance properties of objects located around a corner. In this paper, we introduce a novel reconstruction scheme that, by design, produces solutions that are consistent with state-of-the-art physically-based rendering. Our method combines an efficient forward model (a custom renderer for time-resolved three-bounce indirect light transport) with an optimization framework to reconstruct object geometry in an analysis-by-synthesis sense. We evaluate our algorithm on a variety of synthetic and experimental input data, and show that it gracefully handles uncooperative scenes with high levels of noise or non-diffuse material reflectance.
Hundreds of millions of structured proteins sustain life through chemical interactions and catalytic reactions1. Though dynamic, these proteins are assumed to be built upon fixed scaffolds of secondary structure, -helices and {beta}-sheets. Experimentally determined structures of over >58,000 non-redundant proteins support this assumption, though it has recently been challenged by [~]100 fold-switching proteins2. These "metamorphic3" proteins, though ostensibly rare, raise the question of how many uncharacterized proteins have shapeshifting-rather than fixed-secondary structures. To address this question, we developed a comparative sequence-based approach that predicts fold-switching proteins from differences in secondary structure propensity. We applied this approach to the universally conserved NusG transcription factor family of [~]15,000 proteins, one of which has a 50-residue regulatory subunit experimentally shown to switch between -helical and {beta}-sheet folds4. Our approach predicted that 25% of the sequences in this family undergo similar -helix {rightleftharpoons} {beta}-sheet transitions, a frequency two orders of magnitude larger than previously observed. Our predictions evade state-of-the-art computational methods but were confirmed experimentally by circular dichroism and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for all 10 assiduously chosen dissimilar variants. These results suggest that fold switching is a pervasive mechanism of transcriptional regulation in all kingdoms of life and imply that numerous uncharacterized proteins may also switch folds.
10yo loves it wish it was 2 player or more Got this for my 10-year-old daughter so they have something to do when her friend sleepover the girls all love it and it’s fun to be able to make your own monster high girl I just wish it was multiplayer so all the girls could play together instead of arguing over who gets it next .
We study the dissipative dynamics of neutral atoms in anisotropic harmonic potentials, immersed in a reservoir species that is not trapped by the harmonic potential. Considering initial motional excitation of the atoms along one direction, we explore the resulting spontaneous emission of reservoir excitations, across a range of trap parameters from strong to weak radial confinement. In different limits these processes are useful as a basis for analogies to laser cooling, or as a means to introduce controlled dissipation to many-body dynamics. For realistic experimental parameters, we analyse the distribution of the atoms during the decay and determine the effects of heating arising from a finite temperature reservoir.
We introduce the first work to tackle the image retrieval problem as a continuous operation. While the proposed approaches in the literature can be roughly categorized into two main groups: category- and instance-based retrieval, in this work we show that the retrieval task is much richer and more complex. Image similarity goes beyond this discrete vantage point and spans a continuous spectrum among the classical operating points of category and instance similarity. However, current retrieval models are static and incapable of exploring this rich structure of the retrieval space since they are trained and evaluated with a single operating point as a target objective. Hence, we introduce a novel retrieval model that for a given query is capable of producing a dynamic embedding that can target an arbitrary point along the continuous retrieval spectrum. Our model disentangles the visual signal of a query image into its basic components of categorical and attribute information. Furthermore, using a continuous control parameter our model learns to reconstruct a dynamic embedding of the query by mixing these components with different proportions to target a specific point along the retrieval simplex. We demonstrate our idea in a comprehensive evaluation of the proposed model and highlight the advantages of our approach against a set of well-established discrete retrieval models.
Choice functions accept a set of alternatives as input and produce a preferred subset of these alternatives as output. We study the problem of learning such functions under conditions of context-dependence of preferences, which means that the preference in favor of a certain choice alternative may depend on what other options are also available. In spite of its practical relevance, this kind of context-dependence has received little attention in preference learning so far. We propose a suitable model based on context-dependent (latent) utility functions, thereby reducing the problem to the task of learning such utility functions. Practically, this comes with a number of challenges. For example, the set of alternatives provided as input to a choice function can be of any size, and the output of the function should not depend on the order in which the alternatives are presented. To meet these requirements, we propose two general approaches based on two representations of context-dependent utility functions, as well as instantiations in the form of appropriate end-to-end trainable neural network architectures. Moreover, to demonstrate the performance of both networks, we present extensive empirical evaluations on both synthetic and real-world datasets.
My comments are late because I only stumbled onto this ill conceived and poorly executed piece by accident. Call me stupid if you like, but I don't see how you say the following: "This media-created narrative threatens and undermines the integrity of SARS, for example, to focus on its core mandate of revenue collection to enhance implementation of government programmes to the disadvantaged majority of this country." How does media coverage threaten SARS integrity, if what the media does, is question SARS actions and the actions of its leader, and in-actions where action is critical? How does media coverage threaten or undermine SARS integrity to focus on its mandate? If SARS and Moyane's actions demonstrate that it is more important to play political games than to focus on its mandate, then by all means, I think, SOMEONE should focus on SARS' mandate and be commended for the public service they perform. So, thank you, to the media, for focussing on SARS' mandate!!!
Initially liked the product, but did not last. At first I loved this band, but after daily wear for three months it needs to be replaced. The strap has started to wear and no longer looks nice. I initially loved this band, however I will be shopping for a different one that will last longer. Even at a low price point I expected to get more than three months wear.
We present the results of our detailed pseudospectral direct numerical simulation (DNS) studies, with up to $1024^3$ collocation points, of incompressible, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in three dimensions, without a mean magnetic field. Our study concentrates on the dependence of various statistical properties of both decaying and statistically steady MHD turbulence on the magnetic Prandtl number ${\rm Pr_M}$ over a large range, namely, $0.01 \leq {\rm Pr_M} \leq 10$. We obtain data for a wide variety of statistical measures such as probability distribution functions (PDFs) of moduli of the vorticity and current density, the energy dissipation rates, and velocity and magnetic-field increments, energy and other spectra, velocity and magnetic-field structure functions, which we use to characterise intermittency, isosurfaces of quantities such as the moduli of the vorticity and current, and joint PDFs such as those of fluid and magnetic dissipation rates. Our systematic study uncovers interesting results that have not been noted hitherto. In particular, we find a crossover from larger intermittency in the magnetic field than in the velocity field, at large ${\rm Pr_M}$, to smaller intermittency in the magnetic field than in the velocity field, at low ${\rm Pr_M}$. Furthermore, a comparison of our results for decaying MHD turbulence and its forced, statistically steady analogue suggests that we have strong universality in the sense that, for a fixed value of ${\rm Pr_M}$, multiscaling exponent ratios agree, at least within our errorbars, for both decaying and statistically steady homogeneous, isotropic MHD turbulence.
In this paper, nominal compositions of NdFeAsO0.8F0.2, NdFeAs0.95Sb0.05O0.8F0.2 and NdFeAs0.95P0.05O0.8F0.2 were prepared by one step solid state reaction method. The structural, electrical and morphological properties of samples were characterized through the XRD pattern, the 4 probe method and SEM, respectively. The crystal structure of our samples was tetragonal with P4/nmm:2 symmetry group. Also, the (x, y, z) and occupancy of ions and lattice parameters were changed by isovalent substitution of Phosphorus P and Antimony Sb in the NdFeAsO0.8F0.2 sample. The alfa and beta bond angles and Fe-As bond length are changed from the corresponding value of alfa and beta regular FeAs4 tetrahedron by isovalent doping p/As and Sb/As, that they are effective on the superconductivity transition temperature. The microstrain and crystalline size of samples were studied by the Williamson Hall method. The superconducting critical temperatures were attained at 56K and 46K for NdFeAsO0.8F0.2, NdFeAs0.95Sb0.05O0.8F0.2, respectively. The NdFeAs0.95P0.05O0.8F0.2 showed the structural transition temperature at 140K. It seems that there is a relation between the superconductivity and shrinkage of the crystal lattice. The flake type of grains was observed by SEM pictures of samples.
The Simons Observatory (SO) will make precision temperature and polarization measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) over angular scales between 1 arcminute and tens of degrees using over 60,000 detectors and sampling frequencies between 27 and 270 GHz. SO will consist of a six-meter-aperture telescope coupled to over 30,000 detectors and an array of half-meter aperture refractive cameras, coupled to an additional 30,000+ detectors. The unique combination of large and small apertures in a single CMB observatory will allow us to sample a wide range of angular scales over a common survey area while providing an important stepping stone towards the realization of CMB-Stage IV. CMB-Stage IV is a proposed project that will combine and expand on existing facilities in Chile and Antarctica to reach the ~500,000 detectors required for CMB-Stage IV's science objectives. SO and CMB-Stage IV will measure fundamental cosmological parameters of our universe, constrain primordial fluctuations, find high redshift clusters via the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect, constrain properties of neutrinos, and trace the density and velocity of the matter in the universe over cosmic time. The complex set of technical and science requirements for SO has led to innovative instrumentation solutions which we will discuss. For instance, the SO large aperture telescope will couple to a cryogenic receiver that is 2.4 m in diameter and 2.4 m long. We will give an overview of the drivers for and designs of the SO telescopes and cameras as well as the current status of the project. We will also discuss the current status of CMB-Stage IV and important next steps in the project's development.
Meal time at Alynn Casgrain's home requires some co-ordination. While her 11-month-old twin boys, Sam and Jake, wait patiently in their high chairs, four-year-old big sister Noelle cuts the vegetables for a pizza the whole family will soon be eating. Casgrain and her husband, David Upper, believe their children should eat the same things they eat. That's because the Toronto mom was surprised by the added sugars she found in products designed for infants and toddlers. "Those yogurt drinks were shocking. Low fat, all sugar," said Casgrain. A recent study published in the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics backs that up. It found that nearly 61 per cent of infants (6-11 months) and 98 per cent of toddlers (12-23 months) consumed added sugars as part of an average daily diet. The added sugars were mainly found in flavoured yogurts and fruit drinks. "We wanted to understand what the consumption of added sugars were among infants and toddlers. It's a group that's not very well studied, so we wanted to add to the research base," said lead investigator Kirsten Herrick, with the U.S. National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Md. Nutrition experts warn us to try to limit our intake of added sugars, but they are everywhere: in breakfast cereals, baked goods, even yogurt and pasta sauces. (Jonathan Hayward/Canadian Press) Herrick's team analyzed data from 1,211 young children. They found that infants consumed about one teaspoon of added sugars daily; toddlers consumed about six teaspoons. Experts, including the World Health Organization, say children should consume no more than six teaspoons of added sugar daily — an amount equal to about 25 grams. "What was surprising was how early added sugar consumption started and how quickly it increased,'' she said. 'Kids eat like we do' Herrick describes added sugars as an extra amount of sweetener that's added to any food product. It could be table sugar, honey, maple syrup or fruit concentrate. And it's "everywhere in the food system," she said, from fruit drinks and baked goods, to yogurts. Jess Haines, an associate professor of applied nutrition at the University of Guelph, isn't surprised by the findings. "Kids eat like we do. And adults, both in the U.S and Canada, we eat a fair bit of sugar," she said. Haines said the university came to similar conclusions in its long-term Guelph Family Health Study, where researchers looked at various routines of children between 18 months and five years of age. When it came to diet, it found that 54 per cent of them exceeded the six teaspoons of sugar per day. Jess Haines is an associate professor of applied nutrition at the University of Guelph. (Craig Chivers/CBC) Haines says that all this added sugar can have long-term health effects, starting with cavities. "We also see that when kids have higher intakes of sugar that's sustained over their lifetime, we can see an increased risk for cardiovascular disease, Type 2 diabetes later in life." As a parent herself, Haines understands that many babies and toddlers can be picky eaters. She also knows the time constraints many mothers and fathers face during the day, so she tries to recommend solutions that involve re-imagining what a snack can look like. "Think of snacks, really, as mini-meals. Why not take some of the foods that you've had for either breakfast or lunch, make it smaller and they can have a snack like that during the day," she said. Alynn Casgrain agrees. She and her husband try to control the added sugar intake of their children, particularly at home, by making much of their food from scratch. Casgrain hopes this will lay the groundwork for healthy eating decisions later in life — but she knows it won't be easy. "You have to be realistic about the fact that wherever they go, whether they're going to see friends or grandparents or when they get older and make their own decisions, there's going to be sweet stuff in front of them."
Dangerous!!! Do not use!!! I bought about 12 different sized and colored dildos for a bachelorette party in November. I just opened the box and noticed that there was mystery sticky black liquid all over everything. I bought one of these in black and the other in purple. Both melted!!!!! These were stored in my room and not stored in any extreme temperature. These were for bachelorette party decorations and games. I would never put these near the lady parts. Very dangerous!!! Please do not order these!!
In this paper, we study the graph-based semi-supervised learning for classifying nodes in attributed networks, where the nodes and edges possess content information. Recent approaches like graph convolution networks and attention mechanisms have been proposed to ensemble the first-order neighbors and incorporate the relevant neighbors. However, it is costly (especially in memory) to consider all neighbors without a prior differentiation. We propose to explore the neighborhood in a reinforcement learning setting and find a walk path well-tuned for classifying the unlabelled target nodes. We let an agent (of node classification task) walk over the graph and decide where to direct to maximize classification accuracy. We define the graph walk as a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP). The proposed method is flexible for working in both transductive and inductive setting. Extensive experiments on four datasets demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms several state-of-the-art methods. Several case studies also illustrate the meaningful movement trajectory made by the agent.
Social media is increasingly being used as a news-platform. To reach their intended audience, newspapers need for their articles to be well ranked by Facebook's news-feed algorithm. The number of likes, shares and other reactions determine the lead scoring criteria. This paper will try to assess how the reaction volume is impacted by the following criteria: (1) Delay between event and post release; (2) Time of the day the post is published; and (3) Post format: video, photo or text. To isolate the effect of the publication time and post format on a post, we need to control for the news-event and the publishing newspaper. For that end, a news-aggregator is designed and implemented, to group together posts that relate to the same news-event. This tool gave some spin-off results, allowing the ability to map newspapers by similarity and to detect some topic omissions.
Few statistically compelling correlations are found in pulsar timing data between the size of a rotational glitch and the time to the preceding glitch (backward waiting time) or the succeeding glitch (forward waiting time), except for a strong correlation between sizes and forward waiting times in PSR J0537-6910. This situation is counterintuitive, if glitches are threshold-triggered events, as in standard theories (e.g. starquakes, superfluid vortex avalanches). Here it is shown that the lack of correlation emerges naturally, when a threshold trigger is combined with secular stellar braking slower than a critical, calculable rate. The Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients are computed and interpreted within the framework of a state-dependent Poisson process. Specific, falsifiable predictions are made regarding what objects currently targeted by long-term timing campaigns should develop strong size-waiting-time correlations, as more data are collected in the future.
We investigate the origin and evolution of fossil groups in a concordance LCDM cosmological simulation. We consider haloes with masses between $(1-5)\times10^{13} \hMsun$ and study the physical mechanisms that lead to the formation of the large gap in magnitude between the brightest and the second most bright group member, which is typical for these fossil systems. Fossil groups are found to have high dark matter concentrations, which we can relate to their early formation time. The large magnitude-gaps arise after the groups have build up half of their final mass, due to merging of massive group members. We show that the existence of fossil systems is primarily driven by the relatively early infall of massive satellites, and that we do not find a strong environmental dependence for these systems. In addition, we find tentative evidence for fossil group satellites falling in on orbits with typically lower angular momentum, which might lead to a more efficient merger onto the host. We find a population of groups at higher redshifts that go through a ``fossil phase'': a stage where they show a large magnitude-gap, which is terminated by renewed infall from their environment.
... excited I started to use it rt away worked great on the first ball after that not so good I got this for Christmas I was soo excited I started to use it rt away worked great on the first ball after that not so good, the yarn started to slip on every turn, it did nit matter how tight or loose my tension was, the yarn even got tangled up and it took me awhile to un tangle it.im so disappointed
Good selection of paintings I am not sure why this is called an autobiography. What it does offer is a brief commentary by the artist for each painting. But the book is large enough for good-size reproductions and they seem to be of good quality. There are all in color and there are enough paintings included to have a sufficient overview of his best work. It is great to have a fine sampling of Wyeth without the bulk of a heavy, coffee-table sized volume.
We study power control for an energy harvesting communication system with independent and identically distributed Bernoulli energy arrivals. It is assumed that the transmitter is equipped with a finite-sized rechargeable battery and is able to look ahead to observe a fixed number of future arrivals. A complete characterization is provided for the optimal power control policy that achieves the maximum long-term average throughput over an additive white Gaussian noise channel.
Context. G24.78+0.08 A1 is a 20 Msun star surrounded by a hypercompact (HC) HII region, driving a CO bipolar outflow, and located at the center of a massive rotating toroid undergoing infall towards the HC region. Recent water maser observations suggest that the HC region is expanding and accretion onto the star is halted. Aims. This study aims to confirm the expansion scenario proposed for the HC region on the basis of recent H2O maser observations. Methods. We carried out continuum VLA observations at 1.3cm and 7mm with the A array plus Pie Town configuration to map the HC region towards G24 A1. Results. The emission of the HC region has been resolved and shows a ring shape structure. The profiles of the emission obtained by taking slices at different angles passing through the barycenter of the HC region confirm the shell structure of the emission. The ratio between the inner and the outer radius of the shell, Ri/Ro, derived fitting the normalized brightness temperature profile passing through the peak of the 7mm emission, is 0.9, which indicates that the shell is thin. The deconvolved outer radius estimated from the fit is 590 AU. These results imply that the HC region in G24 A1 cannot be described in terms of a classical, homogeneous HII region but is instead an ionized shell. This gives support to the model of an expanding wind-driven, ionized shell suggested by the kinematics and distribution of the H2O masers associated with the HC region. According to this model, the HC region is expanding on very short times scales, 21-66 yr.
Upgrading streetlights; sounds like a good idea. Saving money; also a good idea. Pollution sensors; I like that one a lot. Could be useful in fixing bad traffic patterns that stall drivers overlong in certain areas. Installing video, still cameras, visual tracking of any kind, audio recording capability - No. Not just no, but HELL no. Enough loss of privacy already. There's enough cameras out there now for every person on the freakin' planet to have their own selfie 24-7. Big Brother needs to be on a short leash - hopefully one so short and tight he's gasping for air.
Least squares approximation is a technique to find an approximate solution to a system of linear equations that has no exact solution. In a typical setting, one lets $n$ be the number of constraints and $d$ be the number of variables, with $n \gg d$. Then, existing exact methods find a solution vector in $O(nd^2)$ time. We present two randomized algorithms that provide very accurate relative-error approximations to the optimal value and the solution vector of a least squares approximation problem more rapidly than existing exact algorithms. Both of our algorithms preprocess the data with the Randomized Hadamard Transform. One then uniformly randomly samples constraints and solves the smaller problem on those constraints, and the other performs a sparse random projection and solves the smaller problem on those projected coordinates. In both cases, solving the smaller problem provides relative-error approximations, and, if $n$ is sufficiently larger than $d$, the approximate solution can be computed in $O(nd \log d)$ time.
A deep wide-field image in the light of the Halpha+[N II] emission lines, of the planetary nebula HFG1 which surrounds the precataclysmic binary system V664 Cas, has revealed a tail of emission at least 20' long, at a position angle of 316deg. Evidence is presented which suggests that this is an ~10^5 y old trail of shocked material, left behind V664 Cas as it ejects matter whilst ploughing through its local interstellar media at anywhere between 29 and 59 km/s depending on its distance from the Sun.
The realism of current models of the penumbra is assessed by comparing their predictions with the plasma properties of penumbral filaments as retrieved from spectropolarimetric observations. The spectropolarimeter onboard Hinode allows us to distinguish for the first time the fine structure of the penumbra. Therefore, we can use one-component inversions to obtain the stratifications of plasma parameters in each pixel. The correlations between the plasma parameters and the continuum intensity are studied. We find that, in the outer penumbra, the stronger flows and higher values of magnetic field inclination tend to be located in dark filaments. This finding does not seem to be compatible with the scenario of a field-free gappy penumbra.
The strongest absorption features with the lower-level excitation potentials $\chi_{\rm low}<1$ eV are found to be split in the high-resolution optical spectra of the post-AGB star V354 Lac taken in 2007--2008. Main parameters, T$_{eff}$=5650 K, $\log g$=0.2, $\xi_t$=5.0 km/s, and the abundances of 22 chemical elements in the star's atmosphere are found. The overabundance of the $s$-process chemical elements (Ba, La, Ce, Nd) in the star's atmosphere is partly due to the splitting of strong lines of the ions of these metals. The peculiarities of the spectrum in the wavelength interval containing the LiI $\lambda$ 6707 \AA{} line can be naturally explained only by taking the overabundances of the CeII and SmII heavy-metal ions into account. The best agreement with the synthetic spectrum is achieved assuming $\epsilon$(LiI)=2.0, $\epsilon$(CeII)=3.2, and $\epsilon$(SmII)=2.7. The velocity field both in the atmosphere and in the circumstellar envelope of V354 Lac remained stationary throughout the last 15 years of our observations.
In this study, we present the first results of a complete implementation of the LDBC SNB benchmark -- interactive short, interactive complex, and business intelligence -- in two native graph database systems---Neo4j and TigerGraph. In addition to thoroughly evaluating the performance of all of the 46 queries in the benchmark on four scale factors -- SF-1, SF-10, SF-100, and SF-1000 -- and three computing architectures -- on premise and in the cloud -- we also measure the bulk loading time and storage size. Our results show that TigerGraph is consistently outperforming Neo4j on the majority of the queries---by two or more orders of magnitude (100X factor) on certain interactive complex and business intelligence queries. The gap increases with the size of the data since only TigerGraph is able to scale to SF-1000---Neo4j finishes only 12 of the 25 business intelligence queries in reasonable time. Nonetheless, Neo4j is generally faster at bulk loading graph data up to SF-100. A key to our study is the active involvement of the vendors in the tuning of their platforms. In order to encourage reproducibility, we make all the code, scripts, and configuration parameters publicly available online.
Sturdy shipping method. Third or fourth time I have ordered these. Very sturdy and great for packaging up sticker sets. The issue I have is that the material they use to make these seems to change every time I order them. Also the last batch the construction is different as well. I still think they are a good product, but would prefer if they didn't change something that was close to perfect.
A topological space $X$ is cometrizable if it admits a weaker metrizable topology such that each point $x\in X$ has a (not necessarily open) neighborhood base consisting of metrically closed sets. We study the relation of cometrizable spaces to other generalized metric spaces and prove that all $\mathsf{as}$-cosmic spaces are cometrizable. Also, we present an example of a regular countable space of weight $\omega_1$, which is not cometrizable. Under $\omega_1=\mathfrak c$ this space contains no infinite compact subsets and hence is $\mathsf{cs}$-cosmic. Under $\omega_1<\mathfrak p$ this countable space is Fr\'echet-Urysohn and is not $\mathsf{cs}$-cosmic.
We examine the efficacy of streamwise traveling waves generated by a zero-net-mass-flux surface blowing and suction for controlling the onset of turbulence in a channel flow. For small amplitude actuation, we utilize weakly nonlinear analysis to determine base flow modifications and to assess the resulting net power balance. Receptivity analysis of the velocity fluctuations around this base flow is then employed to design the traveling waves. Our simulation-free approach reveals that, relative to the flow with no control, the downstream traveling waves with properly designed speed and frequency can significantly reduce receptivity which makes them well-suited for controlling the onset of turbulence. In contrast, the velocity fluctuations around the upstream traveling waves exhibit larger receptivity to disturbances. Our theoretical predictions, obtained by perturbation analysis (in the wave amplitude) of the linearized Navier-Stokes equations with spatially periodic coefficients, are verified using full-scale simulations of the nonlinear flow dynamics in companion paper, Lieu, Moarref & Jovanovi\'c (2010).
Wave chaos is demonstrated by studying a wave propagation in a periodically corrugated wave-guide. In the limit of a short wave approximation (SWA) the underlying description is related to the chaotic ray dynamics. In this case the control parameter of the problem is characterized by the corrugation amplitude and the SWA parameter. The considered model is fairly suitable and tractable for the analytical analysis of a wave localization length. The number of eigenmodes characterized the width of the localized wave packet is estimated analytically.
Entanglement-assisted communication over a random-parameter quantum channel with either causal or non-causal channel side information (CSI) at the encoder is considered. This describes a scenario where the quantum channel depends on the quantum state of the input environment. While Bob, the decoder, has no access to this state, Alice, the transmitter, performs a sequence of projective measurements on her environment and encodes her message accordingly. Dupuis established the entanglement-assisted capacity with non-causal CSI. Here, we establish characterization in the causal setting, and also give an alternative proof technique and further observations for the non-causal setting.
Don't use with a pop socket You do have to be careful when you charge. It doesn't always catch but others then that has charged pretty quick. Not as fast as a plug in. If you have a pop socket it won't charge at all because it blocks the connection with the phone.
This paper develops an online algorithm to solve a time-varying optimization problem with an objective that comprises a known time-varying cost and an unknown function. This problem structure arises in a number of engineering systems and cyber-physical systems where the known function captures time-varying engineering costs, and the unknown function models user's satisfaction; in this context, the objective is to strike a balance between given performance metrics and user's satisfaction. Key challenges related to the problem at hand are related to (1) the time variability of the problem, and (2) the fact that learning of the user's utility function is performed concurrently with the execution of the online algorithm. This paper leverages Gaussian processes (GP) to learn the unknown cost function from noisy functional evaluation and build pertinent upper confidence bounds. Using the GP formalism, the paper then advocates time-varying optimization tools to design an online algorithm that exhibits tracking of the oracle-based optimal trajectory within an error ball, while learning the user's satisfaction function with no-regret. The algorithmic steps are inexact, to account for possible limited computational budgets or real-time implementation considerations. Numerical examples are illustrated based on a problem related to vehicle platooning.
Medical robotics includes assistive devices used by the physician in order to make his/her diagnostic or therapeutic practices easier and more efficient. This chapter focuses on such systems. It introduces the general field of Computer-Assisted Medical Interventions, its aims, its different components and describes the place of robots in that context. The evolutions in terms of general design and control paradigms in the development of medical robots are presented and issues specific to that application domain are discussed. A view of existing systems, on-going developments and future trends is given. A case-study is detailed. Other types of robotic help in the medical environment (such as for assisting a handicapped person, for rehabilitation of a patient or for replacement of some damaged/suppressed limbs or organs) are out of the scope of this chapter.
In this paper, we will show that the sheaf of p-adic vanishing cycles of a log smooth family over a DVR of mixed characteristic is generated by Milnor symboles. A key ingredient is a computation (due to K. Kato) on the graded quotients of a multi-indexed filtration on the sheaf concerned, which has been used in several papers of the first author.
We investigate an important question of Hawking-like radiation as seen by an infalling observer during gravitational collapse. Using the functional Schrodinger formalism we are able to probe the time dependent regime which is out of the reach of the standard approximations like the Bogolyubov method. We calculate the occupation number of particles whose frequencies are measured in the proper time of an infalling observer in two crucially different space-time foliations: Schwarzschild and Eddington-Finkelstein. We demonstrate that the distribution in Schwarzschild reference frame is not quite thermal, though it becomes thermal once the horizon is crossed. We approximately fit the temperature and find that the local temperature increases as the horizon is approached, and diverges exactly at the horizon. In Eddington-Finkelstein reference frame the temperature at the horizon is finite, since the observer in that frame is not accelerated. These results are in agreement with what is generically expected in the absence of backreaction. We also discuss some subtleties related to the physical interpretation of the infinite local temperature in Schwarzschild reference frame.
In this paper, we have studied on adapting to asymmetric cryptography power Fibonacci sequence module m . To do this, We have restructed Discreate Logarithm Problem which is one of mathematical difficult problems by using power Fibonacci sequence module m and by means of this sequences, we have made the mathematical difficult problem which is used only in prime modules is also useful for composite modules. Then we have constructed cryptographic system based on this more difficult problem which we have rearranged. Hence, we have obtained a new cryptosystem as ElGamal Cryptosystem. Lastly, we have compared that ElGamal Cryptosystem and a new cryptosystem which we constitute in terms of cryptography and we have obtained that a new cryptosystem is more advantageuos than ElGamal Cryptosystem.
In this paper, we consider the following non-linear equations in unbounded domains $\Omega$ with exterior Dirichlet condition: \begin{equation*}\begin{cases} (-\Delta)_p^s u(x)=f(u(x)), & x\in\Omega,\\ u(x)>0, &x\in\Omega,\\ u(x)\leq0, &x\in \mathbb{R}^n\setminus \Omega, \end{cases}\end{equation*} where $(-\Delta)_p^s$ is the fractional p-Laplacian defined as \begin{equation} (-\Delta)_p^s u(x)=C_{n,s,p}P.V.\int_{\mathbb{R}^n}\frac{|u(x)-u(y)|^{p-2}[u(x)-u(y)]}{|x-y|^{n+s p}}dy \label{0} \end{equation} with $0<s<1$ and $p\geq 2$. We first establish a maximum principle in unbounded domains involving the fractional p-Laplacian by estimating the singular integral in (\ref{0}) along a sequence of approximate maximum points. Then, we obtain the asymptotic behavior of solutions far away from the boundary. Finally, we develop a sliding method for the fractional p-Laplacians and apply it to derive the monotonicity and uniqueness of solutions. There have been similar results for the regular Laplacian \cite{BCN1} and for the fractional Laplacian \cite{DSV}, which are linear operators. Unfortunately, many approaches there no longer work for the fully non-linear fractional p-Laplacian here. To circumvent these difficulties, we introduce several new ideas, which enable us not only to deal with non-linear non-local equations, but also to remarkably weaken the conditions on $f(\cdot)$ and on the domain $\Omega$. We believe that the new methods developed in our paper can be widely applied to many problems in unbounded domains involving non-linear non-local operators.
Very recently, the Large Hadron Collider was turned on. There, the experiments are aiming to test different scenarios for elementary particles interactions from SUSY, Extra dimensions to others. In fact, SUSY was invented to kill the conceptual problems existing in the conventional Standard model \textit{i.e.} the Hierarchy problem. However, in recent years, certain theories which was rejected in the past like the wrong sign $\phi^{4}$ theory is now well known to be a truly physically acceptable theory. Here, we analyze the renormalization group flow of the different parameters in the theory. We find that, rather than the conventional $\phi^{4}$ theory and because the theory is asymptotically free, it does not sufferer from the catastrophic blow up of the mass parameter for UV scales. This feature greatly recommend that this theory is a plausible candidate to play the role of the $SU(2)\times U(1)$ symmetry breaking in the standard model. If this picture will agree with the experimental results from LHC, then the Higgs particle was massless in the far past. Moreover, the cosmological constant problem as a Hierarchy problem may be solved too. However, when trying to calculate the metric operator, we expected that the equivalent Hermitian theory may attain non-remormalizabe terms and thus the theory is incalculable. In fact, we show that there exists a Hermitian and renormalizable equivalent theory though of indefinite metric. We reformulated the Klein-Gordon equation in such a way that the wrong sign in the propagator attains a new physical meaning that the Higgs particle is made from exotic matter.
ARDS due to COVID-19 and other etiologies results from injury to the alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) barrier resulting in noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, which causes acute respiratory failure; clinical recovery requires epithelial regeneration. During physiologic regeneration in mice, AEC2s proliferate, exit the cell cycle, and transiently assume a transitional state before differentiating into AEC1s; persistence of the transitional state is associated with pulmonary fibrosis in humans. It is unknown whether transitional cells emerge and differentiate into AEC1s without fibrosis in human ARDS and why transitional cells differentiate into AEC1s during physiologic regeneration but persist in fibrosis. We hypothesized that incomplete but ongoing AEC1 differentiation from transitional cells without fibrosis may underlie persistent barrier permeability and fatal acute respiratory failure in ARDS. Immunostaining of postmortem ARDS lungs revealed abundant transitional cells in organized monolayers on alveolar septa without fibrosis. They were typically cuboidal or partially spread, sometimes flat, and occasionally expressed AEC1 markers. Immunostaining and/or interrogation of scRNAseq datasets revealed that transitional cells in mouse models of physiologic regeneration, ARDS, and fibrosis express markers of cell cycle exit but only in fibrosis express a specific senescence marker. Thus, in severe, fatal early ARDS, AEC1 differentiation from transitional cells is incomplete, underlying persistent barrier permeability and respiratory failure, but ongoing without fibrosis; senescence of transitional cells may be associated with pulmonary fibrosis.
Let {X_{t_1,t_2}: t_1,t_2 >= 0} be a two-parameter L\'evy process on R^d. We study basic properties of the one-parameter process {X_{x(t),y(t)}: t \in T} where x and y are, respectively, nondecreasing and nonincreasing nonnegative continuous functions on the interval T. We focus on and characterize the case where the process has stationary increments.
Throughout the 1950s and into the 60s, 70s and even into the 80s, a slew of war films were produced in the former Yugoslavia, glorifying the heroism of the "Partisans" – civilians who turned out to fight a guerrilla war against the invading German forces. Hajrudin Krvavac, who's generally only known in Eastern Europe, directed quite a few of these "partisan" stories; unfortunately, only a handful of them were ever exported to the rest of the Europe and the United States. "Battle of the Eagles" is a rare, low-budget look at the formation and exploits of the Partisan Air Force.<br /><br />Marshal Tito decrees that a Partisan Air Force must be formed to combat the German Luftwaffe in the skies over Yugoslavia. A group of former pilots join forces with two small biplanes and begin raiding enemy bases and convoys; over the course of several months, more pilots and planes join the ranks, eventually forming a formidable air force. Maybe it's history, or maybe it's fable – whatever it is, it sure isn't convincing, but a cast of great actors sure try to make it work.<br /><br />The film opens strongly with a well-shot German air raid on defenseless partisans. The nuts and bolts of the plot come together almost immediately, and for a short while the audience is treated to a rather patriotic series of scenes. Then the action starts, and this title quickly becomes yet another low-budget, by-the-numbers adventure. All of the characters are familiar clichés: Major Dragan (played by a well-meaning Bekim Fehmiu) is our typical patriotic, heroic leading man. He blasts away at strafing planes with a machine-gun and even has an aerial duel with the villainous Klauberg (Radko Polic), a completely predictable and corny climax with an equally predictable outcome. The rest of the partisans are familiar: Ljubisa Samardzic ("The Battle of Neretva") is a Zare, a hotshot playboy; Bata Zivojinovic ("Hell River") is Voss, a veteran flyer who comes out of the woodwork now that his country needs him; and Rados Bajic ("The Day that Shook the World") is Dalibor, a young messenger boy who moves up through the ranks, eventually becoming a seasoned combat pilot. The characters and their stories are familiar to any war fan, and Krvavac doesn't try to build upon these stereotypes. The cast does a fair job, and despite the two-dimensional script, every player is engaging and fun to watch. Bajic, in particular, has some great moments – when he's going to take his first flight as a gunner, and later, when he is forced to land a plane after the pilot is killed. The plot merely consists of a string of air raids against the Germans, and subsequent retaliatory acts.<br /><br />Krvavac handles the action sequences competently with a mix of actual footage and miniature effects. Unfortunately, the miniatures are so cheap and false-looking that the transitions between actual aerial photography and toy planes are jarring and laughable. Some of the strafing and bombing scenes look shockingly real, while dogfights involving scale models, complete with action figure pilots, are just plain pathetic. Sometimes smoke puffs from the "machine-guns" are so big that the smoke engulfs the entire model plane. Worse, the editors often superimpose shots of fighters over real footage. Although the aircraft are usually in proper perspective, they're surrounded by a distracting glow which hinders any attempt at realism. All of this action is set to an incredibly familiar and annoying score by Bojan Adamic.<br /><br />"Battle of the Eagles" also suffers from a very poorly edited English-language release. To begin with, 28 minutes of footage is missing – cutting the film from 130 minutes to a mere 102. The missing segments were carelessly excised, and the cutting looks very sloppy. Music cues are abruptly cut off and scenes are abandoned before they are resolved. In the last third of the film, the story falls apart, and only some badly-needed action scenes can try to save it from total incomprehensibility. Then, there's the dubbing… all of the scenes revolving around the Partisans are dubbed in English (rather poorly, however), yet several lengthy scenes remain in German, without the benefit of subtitles. The film might have made much more sense had the German-language sequences been excised instead of crucial scenes revolving around the Partisans.<br /><br />On the plus side, Krvavac handles the outdoor footage quite well. There is never a moment where the audience feels like they're on a soundstage. In particular, the German Luftwaffe bases are expansive, complete with dozens of Messerschmitt fighter planes and extras costumed in leather flying jackets. The scenery is fresh and green, and Krvavac isn't afraid to shoot scenes with extremely wide angles or from far away simply to convey the scope of a battle or long trek. A German ambush of a partisan unit early on in the picture stands out, as does a sequence where Zare and Dalibor escape from an enemy base.<br /><br />As it exists on home video, "Battle of the Eagles" is just another of many stories about the Yugoslav Partisan movement. There is nothing to set it apart from the rest of the crop, and the terrible special effects and drastic editing put it a notch below acceptable. Try to avoid this one unless you can find a full-length copy.
Directing both organismal homeostasis and physiological adaptation, the pituitary is a key endocrine gland in all vertebrates. It communicates the needs of the organism to different organs by secreting hormones into the bloodstream. Here, we have used the model fish medaka to investigate the developmental dynamics in the pituitary using a comprehensive RNA-seq time series. By linking developmental expression trends to single-cell RNA-seq profiles, we show how the transcriptional activities of cell types change during sexual maturation. One of the most prominent changes is the decline of the non-endocrine folliculo-stellate cell populations, and especially of rare cells expressing genes encoding secreted lipid transport proteins. As these genes are typically associated with the liver, this reveals the existence of unexpected connections between endocrine communication, lipid homeostasis, and sexual maturation.
Finally ... This issue has been (goofily) going on for so long (for so many decades) that the current decade's plaintiffs (and their government-funded boutique lawyers) have seem to have lost touch. Or been Disney-fied. At least Tony Soprano was mostly wink-and-nod and up-front about his fund-raising efforts ... Like ... the Supreme Court of Canada is starting to sense the mood of our nation?
Synchronization is of importance in both fundamental and applied physics, but their demonstration at the micro/nanoscale is mainly limited to low-frequency oscillations like mechanical resonators. Here, we report the synchronization of two coupled optical microresonators, in which the high-frequency resonances in optical domain are aligned with reduced noise. It is found that two types of synchronization emerge with either the first- or second-order transition, both presenting a process of spontaneous symmetry breaking. In the second-order regime, the synchronization happens with an invariant topological character number and a larger detuning than that of the first-order case. Furthermore, an unconventional hysteresis behavior is revealed for a time-dependent coupling strength, breaking the static limitation and the temporal reciprocity. The synchronization of optical microresonators offers great potential in reconfigurable simulations of many-body physics and scalable photonic devices on a chip.
Dave, you should realize that this movement is an attempt to castrate the Electoral College. It is a hack; a bad solution to a real problem. Unfortunately because the Electoral College is so entrenched in our system, there is no good way to dig it out. This is why I support this effort, while holding my nose.
Good, until the ending Not bad, until the end. How is it that the hero's daughter, after going through her own mother's death, and the subsequent trauma with her dad... but wait... it gets better... then, at the end of the book being kidnapped and witnessing two people murdered, along with having to save her dad from drowning after he'd been shot... doesn't show any signs of trauma. Yep. Pretty dramatic ending. But, it's all good because they're all going to run in a 10k.
We give a pedagogical introduction to the study of supersymmetric partition functions of 3D $\mathcal{N}{=}2$ supersymmetric Chern-Simons-matter theories (with an $R$-symmetry) on half-BPS closed three-manifolds---including $S^3$, $S^2 \times S^1$, and any Seifert three-manifold. Three-dimensional gauge theories can flow to non-trivial fixed points in the infrared. In the presence of 3D $\mathcal{N}{=}2$ supersymmetry, many exact results are known about the strongly-coupled infrared, due in good part to powerful localization techniques. We review some of these techniques and emphasize some more recent developments, which provide a simple and comprehensive formalism for the exact computation of half-BPS observables on closed three-manifolds (partition functions and correlation functions of line operators). Along the way, we also review simple examples of 3D infrared dualities. The computation of supersymmetric partition functions provides exceedingly precise tests of these dualities.
In this work, we investigate the dynamics of vortex-induced vibration of an elastically mounted cylinder with very low values of mass and damping. We use two methods to investigate this canonical problem: first we calculate the instantaneous phase between the cylinder motion and the fluid forcing; second we decompose the total hydrodynamic force into drag and lift components that act along and normal to, respectively, the instantaneous effective angle of attack. We focus on the phase dynamics in the large-amplitude-response range, consisting of the initial, upper and lower branches of response. The instantaneous phase between the transverse force and displacement shows repeated phase slips separating periods of constant, or continuous-drifting, phase in the second half of the upper branch. The phase between the lift component and displacement shows strong phase locking throughout the large-amplitude range - the average phase varies linearly with the primary frequency - however the modulation of this phase is largest in the second half of the upper branch. These observations suggest that the large-amplitude-response dynamics is driven by two distinct limit cycles - one that is stable over a very small range of reduced velocity at the beginning of the upper branch, and another that consists of the lower branch. The chaotic oscillation between them - the majority of the upper branch - occurs when neither limit cycle is stable. The transition between the upper and lower branches is marked by intermittent switching with epochs of time where different states exist at a constant reduced velocity. These different states are clearly apparent in the phase between the lift and displacement, illustrating the utility of the force decomposition employed.
Elliott dimension drop interval algebra is an important class among all $C^*$-algebras in the classification theory. Especially, they are building stones of $\mathcal{AHD}$ algebra and the latter contains all $AH$ algebras with the ideal property of no dimension growth. In this paper, we will show two decomposition theorems related to the Elliott dimension drop interval algebra. Our results are key steps in classifying all $AH$ algebras with the ideal property of no dimension growth.
We characterize the accuracy of analyzing the performance of a NOMA system where users are ranked according to their distances instead of instantaneous channel gains, i.e., product of distance-based path-loss and fading channel gains. Distance-based ranking is analytically tractable and can lead to important insights. However, it may not be appropriate in a multipath fading environment where a near user suffers from severe fading while a far user experiences weak fading. Since the ranking of users in a NOMA system has a direct impact on coverage probability analysis, impact of the traditional distance-based ranking, as opposed to instantaneous signal power-based ranking, needs to be understood. This will enable us to identify scenarios where distance-based ranking, which is easier to implement compared to instantaneous signal power-based ranking, is acceptable for system performance analysis. To this end, in this paper, we derive the probability of the event when distance-based ranking yields the same results as instantaneous signal power-based ranking, which is referred to as the accuracy probability. We characterize the probability of accuracy considering Nakagami-m fading channels and three different spatial distribution models of user locations in NOMA. We illustrate the impact of accuracy probability on uplink and downlink coverage probability.
Causes neck strain because it's too bulky in the back. Pushes your head forward. This pillow was too bulky. The back portion is so thick it pushes my head forward causing strain on my neck. Attempted using it on an international flight and winded up using it as a lumbar pillow (it worked nicely for that but not why I bought it) and used the flimsy airline pillow on my neck. Super disapointing. Not sure how so many others have had positive reviews. I can only assume they bought it as a gift for someone else or haven't actually tried using it in flight. Would not recommend.
Beautiful and tasty Very beautiful wood and clean. No dents or scratches. Arrived with everything separated and bubble wrapped. Took two people to assemble and needed a power drill. Then found there was no netting for my bunny to stay clean. My dad bought some netting from ace hardware for about $10. Added to the bottom like a floor. She looks very happy and clean. The indoor hutch is her favorite to hide away from kids and other dogs. It gave her privacy. However she chewed up the entry to the hutch. Hopefully this home last long for her.
Pretty but heavy earrings The earrings are extremely well made and beautiful. Unfortunately they are too heavy for me and pull on my earlobes. The shipping cost is triple what the earrings cost and it is not worth the time or money to return them. I will have to give them away.
In this paper, we study a macroscopic system of electrically interacting metallic beads organized as a sequence along an annulus. A random mechanical shaking mimics the thermal excitation. We exhibit non Fickian diffusion (Single File Diffusion) at large time. We measure the mobility of the particles, and compare it to theoretical expectations. We show that our system cannot be accurately described by theories assuming only hard sphere interactions. Its behavior is qualitatively described by a theory extended to more realistic potentials [Kollmann, PRL {\bf 90} 180602, (2003)]. A correct quantitative agreement is shown, and we interpret the discrepancies by the violation of a key assumption of the theory, that of overdamped dynamics. We recast previous results on colloids with known interaction potentials, and compare them quantitatively to the theory. Focusing on the transition between ordinary and single file diffusion, we exhibit a dimensionless crossover time that is of order one both for colloids and our system, although the time and length scales differ by several orders of magnitude.
First an explanation on what makes a great movie for me. Excitement about not knowing what is coming next will make me enjoy a movie the first time I watch it (case en point: Twister). There are also other things that go into a great first viewing such as good humor (John Candy in Uncle Buck and The Great Outdoors), good plot with good resolution (Madeline and Matilda), imaginative storytelling (all Star Wars episodes-George Lucas is THE MAN), and good music (again all Star Wars episodes, Wizard of Oz, Sound of Music). What makes me watch a movie at least six times in the theatre and buy a DVD or VHS tape? Characters. With that said, I present Cindy Lou Who and The Grinch. Excellent performance Taylor Momsen and Jim Carrey. The rest of the cast was very good, particularly Jeffery Tambor, Bill Irwin, Molly Shannon, Christine Baranski, and Josh Ryan Evans. But, every single scene with Cindy and The Grinch-together is excellent and very funny and/or heartwarming. Cindy Lou is my favorite character in this movie and the most compelling reason why the movie is better than the cartoon. The Grinch has a strong plot, good conflicts, and a very good theme (I can't get started because I don't want to spoil it). Jim Carrey was very funny as The Grinch-particularly when he interacted with Cindy. And the music! Wow! Excellent music by James Horner. I loved his selection of instruments and the compositions. Very good job Jim Carrey-I didn't know you could sing. Taylor Momsen! Whoa! Your voice is reason enough to see the movie at least once. On your solo - Where Are You Christmas - is your voice really as high as it sounds? Sounds like an F#? That is an obscene range for a 7-year old (obscene meant in the best possible way). Great job. This is the best performance by a child I have ever heard in a movie(Taylor beat out the Von Trapp Children-no small feat!). And now to the actors. Jim Carrey was great, funny, and, surprisingly very sensitive (this really showed through in his scenes with Taylor Momsen). Taylor Momsen's unspoken expressions(one of the secrets to a good acting performance) are very strong-she really becomes Cindy Lou Who. And when she does dialogue she is even stronger.<br /><br />******************************danger:spoiler alert********************* ***********************************************************************<br /><br />Examples: expression when she first sees The Grinch. This is a classic quote ("You're the the the" and then filled in with the Grinch line "da da da THE GRINCH-after which she topples into the sorter and then is rescued by The Grinch). The "Thanks for saving me" quote and subsequent response by The Grinch was also very good.<br /><br />My favorite part of the movie is when Cindy invites The Grinch to be Holiday Cheermeister. This scene is two excellent actors at their best interacting and expressing with each other. Little Taylor Momsen completely holds her own with Jim Carrey in this spot. I sincerely hope we see Taylor Momsen in many more films to come. All in all everything was great about this movie (except maybe the feet and noses).
Selfdual representations of any group fall into two classes when they are irreducible: those which carry a symmetric bilinear form, and the others which carry an alternating bilinear form. The Langlands correspondence, which matches the irreducible representations \sigma of the Weil group of a local field k of dimension n with the irreducible representations \pi of the invertible elements of a division algebra D over k of index n, takes selfdual representations to selfdual representations. In this paper we use global methods to study how the Langlands correspondence behaves relative to this distinction among selfdual representations. We prove in particular that for n even, \sigma is symplectic if and only if \pi is orthogonal. Our results treat more generally the case of GL_m(B), for B a division algebra over k of index r, and n=mr.
More and more evidence indicates that "EIT waves" are strongly related to coronal mass ejections (CMEs). However, it is still not clear how the two phenomena are related to each other. We investigate a CME event on 1997 September 9, which was well observed by both EUV imaging telescope (EIT) and the high-cadence MK3 coronagraph at Mauna Loa Solar Observatory, and compare the spatial relation between the "EIT wave" fronts and the CME leading loops. It is found that "EIT wave" fronts are co-spatial with the CME leading loops, and the expanding EUV dimmings are co-spatial with the CME cavity. It is also found that the CME stopped near the boundary of a coronal hole, a feature common to observations of "EIT waves". It is suggested that "EIT waves"/dimmings are the EUV counterparts of the CME leading loop/cavity, based on which we propose that, as in the case of "EIT waves", CME leading loops are apparently-moving density enhancements that are generated by successive stretching (or opening-up) of magnetic loops.
The relativistic nuclear recoil, higher-order interelectronic-interaction, and screened QED corrections to the transition energies in Li-like ions are evaluated. The calculation of the relativistic recoil effect is performed to all orders in 1/Z. The interelectronic-interaction correction to the transition energies beyond the two-photon exchange level is evaluated to all orders in 1/Z within the Breit approximation. The evaluation is carried out employing the large-scale configuration-interaction Dirac-Fock-Sturm method. The rigorous calculation of the complete gauge invariant sets of the screened self-energy and vacuum-polarization diagrams is performed utilizing a local screening potential as the zeroth-order approximation. The theoretical predictions for the 2p_j-2s transition energies are compiled and compared with available experimental data in the range of the nuclear charge number Z=10-60.
Was this sitting in a wet basement? Eww i mean really? I wonder how old this tape is. It looks like it’s been in a wet basement. I know it’s just tape. But I’m disgusted that someone would even send something marked NEW that looks like this. Hope it still works. I won’t be purchasing from this seller again. Disgusting.
HD 21190 is a known $\delta$ Scuti star showing Ap star characteristics and a variability period of 3.6 h discovered by the Hipparcos mission. Using Gaia DR1 data for an astrometric analysis, it was recently suggested that HD 21190 forms a physical binary system with the companion CPD -83$^{\circ}$ 64B. An atmospheric chemical analysis based on HARPS observations revealed the presence of overabundances of heavy and rare-earth elements, which are typically observed in chemically peculiar stars with large-scale organized magnetic fields. Previous observations of HD 21190 indicated a magnetic field strength of a few hundred Gauss. The presence of a magnetic field in CPD -83$^{\circ}$ 64B remained unexplored. In this work, we reanalyse this system using Gaia DR2 data and present our search for the magnetic field in both stars based on multi-epoch HARPSpol high-resolution and FORS 2 low-resolution spectropolarimetric observations. The Gaia DR2 results clearly indicate that the two star are not physically associated. A magnetic field detection at a significance level of more than 6$\sigma$ ($\left< B_{\rm z}\right>_{\rm all}=230\pm38$ G) was achieved for the $\delta$ Scuti variable HD 21190 in FORS 2 observations using the entire spectrum for the measurements. The magnetic field appears to be stronger in CPD -83$^{\circ}$ 64B. The highest value for the longitudinal magnetic field in CPD -83$^{\circ}$ 64B, $\left< B_{\rm z}\right>_{\rm all}=509\pm104$ G, is measured at a significance level of 4.9$\sigma$. Furthermore, the high-resolution HARPS\-pol observations of this component indicate the presence of pulsational variability on a time scale of tens of minutes.
The Sarah Silverman program is very similar to Sarah's own stand up; It's so over the top with prejudice that you can't possibly take it to heart. The fact is, though, that while most all people will "get it," it doesn't mean they will all appreciate it. It's a very polarizing and one dimensional show, so if you don't like it after 10 minutes, you may as well give up there. If you do like it after 10 minutes, stay tuned, because every episode thus far has been as good as the last.<br /><br />Like all shows, though, it is not perfect. Personally I love the program, but there are some huge faults with it. Racist songs are funny, but get older a lot faster than Silverman seems to realize--a problem that I had with "Jesus is Magic" as well. It seems as if Silverman gave herself a quota for songs per episode that doesn't need to exist. Not to mention that while the lyrics to the songs she writes are good, the music, well, isn't.<br /><br />Another thing to keep in mind is that while this show will for some reason appeal to fans of Monty Python, Upright Citizens Brigade, etc., it is nothing like those shows. I can watch Monty Python all day, but, as much as I like this show, I can't watch more than the half hour limit at a time. It gets flat very fast. The repeat value for this show is low too--the second time around an episode is fairly funny, and by the third time, in my opinion, it's boring.<br /><br />Still, that first time around is very, very funny. Give it a shot.
i lie in bed or is it a coffin it feels more like a coffin not altogether unpleasant just very still i push my legs together and cross my hands i try not to cry i sink downwards hoping for a prick a poke a tube of fluid a needle of
Not great if your are at the river and walking on ... Not great if your are at the river and walking on rocks. They get stuck in the bottom. The bottom is a little thin too, so not as comfortable as I originally thought. They are lightweight and easy to put on.
We present a set of compelling science cases for the ALMA Band 1 receiver suite. For these cases, we assume in tandem the updated nominal Band 1 frequency range of 35-50 GHz with a likely extension up to 52 GHz; together these frequencies optimize the Band 1 science return. The scope of the science cases ranges from nearby stars to the re-ionization edge of the Universe. Two cases provide additional leverage on the present ALMA Level One Science Goals and are seen as particularly powerful motivations for building the Band 1 Receiver suite: (1) detailing the evolution of grains in protoplanetary disks, as a complement to the gas kinematics, requires continuum observations out to ~35 GHz (~9mm); and (2) detecting CO 3-2 line emission from galaxies like the Milky Way during the epoch of re-ionization, i.e., 6 < z < 10, also requires Band 1 receiver coverage. The range of Band 1 science is wide, however, and includes studies of very small dust grains in the ISM, pulsar wind nebulae, radio supernovae, X-ray binaries, the Galactic Center (i.e., Sgr A*), dense cloud cores, complex carbon-chain molecules, masers, magnetic fields in the dense ISM, jets and outflows from young stars, distant galaxies, and galaxy clusters (i.e., the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect). A comparison of ALMA and the Jansky VLA (JVLA) at the same frequencies of Band 1 finds similar sensitivity performance at 40-50 GHz, with a slight edge for ALMA at higher frequencies (e.g., within a factor of 2 for continuum observations). With its larger number of instantaneous baselines, however, ALMA Band 1data will have greater fidelity than those from the JVLA at similar frequencies.
Nipple leaks with lid on I really want to love these bottles but the one thing that drives me crazy is that when you put the lid on over the nipple, liquid still leaks out if turned upside down. The lid doesn’t push hard enough against the nipple. Other than that, I like the bottles. Am I doing something wrong?
Using our new numerical-relativity code SACRA, long-term simulations for inspiral and merger of black hole (BH)-neutron star (NS) binaries are performed, focusing particularly on gravitational waveforms. As the initial conditions, BH-NS binaries in a quasiequilibrium state are prepared in a modified version of the moving-puncture approach. The BH is modeled by a nonspinning moving puncture and for the NS, a polytropic equation of state with $\Gamma=2$ and the irrotational velocity field are employed. The mass ratio of the BH to the NS, $Q=M_{\rm BH}/M_{\rm NS}$, is chosen in the range between 1.5 and 5. The compactness of the NS, defined by ${\cal C}=GM_{\rm NS}/c^2R_{\rm NS}$, is chosen to be between 0.145 and 0.178. For a large value of $Q$ for which the NS is not tidally disrupted and is simply swallowed by the BH, gravitational waves are characterized by inspiral, merger, and ringdown waveforms. In this case, the waveforms are qualitatively the same as that from BH-BH binaries. For a sufficiently small value of $Q \alt 2$, the NS may be tidally disrupted before it is swallowed by the BH. In this case, the amplitude of the merger and ringdown waveforms is very low, and thus, gravitational waves are characterized by the inspiral waveform and subsequent quick damping. The difference in the merger and ringdown waveforms is clearly reflected in the spectrum shape and in the "cut-off" frequency above which the spectrum amplitude steeply decreases. When an NS is not tidally disrupted (e.g., for Q=5), kick velocity, induced by asymmetric gravitational wave emission, agrees approximately with that derived for the merger of BH-BH binaries, whereas for the case that the tidal disruption occurs, the kick velocity is significantly suppressed.
The existence of higher-spin quantum conserved currents in two dimensions guarantees quantum integrability. We revisit the question of whether classically-conserved local higher-spin currents in two-dimensional sigma models survive quantization. We define an integrability index $\mathcal{I}(J)$ for each spin $J$, with the property that $\mathcal{I}(J)$ is a lower bound on the number of quantum conserved currents of spin $J$. In particular, a positive value for the index establishes the existence of quantum conserved currents. For a general coset model, with or without extra discrete symmetries, we derive an explicit formula for a generating function that encodes the indices for all spins. We apply our techniques to the $\mathbb{CP}^{N-1}$ model, the $O(N)$ model, and the flag sigma model $\frac{U(N)}{U(1)^{N}}$. For the $O(N)$ model, we establish the existence of a spin-6 quantum conserved current, in addition to the well-known spin-4 current. The indices for the $\mathbb{CP}^{N-1}$ model for $N>2$ are all non-positive, consistent with the fact that these models are not integrable. The indices for the flag sigma model $\frac{U(N)}{U(1)^{N}}$ for $N>2$ are all negative. Thus, it is unlikely that the flag sigma models are integrable.
"More Islam is what the world needs. More Muslims to spread the Caliphate for Allah. Damn those Christians who stand in the way. Onward Muslim soldiers. Onward as to war !! Allah Akbar." That is what we are not supposed to talk about no matter how many times it is proven to be true.
Repeated root Cyclic and Negacyclic codes over Galois rings have been studied much less than their simple root counterparts. This situation is beginning to change. For example, repeated root codes of length $p^s$, where $p$ is the characteristic of the alphabet ring, have been studied under some additional hypotheses. In each one of those cases, the ambient space for the codes has turned out to be a chain ring. In this paper, all remaining cases of cyclic and negacyclic codes of length $p^s$ over a Galois ring alphabet are considered. In these cases the ambient space is a local ring with simple socle but not a chain ring. Nonetheless, by reducing the problem to one dealing with uniserial subambients, a method for computing the Hamming distance of these codes is provided.
This paper presents the characterization of the optical range of the ALHAMBRA photometric system, a 20 contiguous, equal-width, medium-band CCD system with wavelength coverage from 3500A to 9700A. The photometric description of the system is done by presenting the full response curve as a product of the filters, CCD and atmospheric transmission curves, and using some first and second order moments of this response function. We also introduce the set of standard stars that defines the system, formed by 31 classic spectrophotometric standard stars which have been used in the calibration of other known photometric systems, and 288 stars, flux calibrated homogeneously, from the Next Generation Spectral Library (NGSL). Based on the NGSL, we determine the transformation equations between Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) ugriz photometry and the ALHAMBRA photometric system, in order to establish some relations between both systems. Finally we develop and discuss a strategy to calculate the photometric zero points of the different pointings in the ALHAMBRA project.
This one was truly awful. Watching with fascinated horror, I kept on asking "why have they done this?" That is, taken all the scenarios out of "The Day after Tomorrow", "The Perfect Storm" and "Twister" and remixing them in a three-hour miniseries, directed by long-time junk TV director Dick Lowry, with every disaster movie cliché known to man and not an ounce of real suspense. Many of the cast were unknown Canadians and location filming was done in Canada, Winnepeg doubling for Chicago, so no doubt tax breaks had something to do with it. Although some ambitious special effects were attempted, the execution is so poor no decent spectacle is achieved. The actors may be a competent lot; the script is so bad no-one had a chance to show it, except perhaps for Randy Quaid as Tommy the Tornado chaser, who went right over the top and was quite amusing.<br /><br />Believe it or not, the producers have since made another one of these Canadian disaster turkeys called "Category 7 – the End of the World" which was very tastefully shown on CBS in the US a few weeks after Hurricane Katrina. How could the network of Ed Murrow and Walter Cronkite do such a thing? In prime time? PT Barnum "nobody ever went broke underestimating public taste" is proved right once more.
This is a fascinating account of the hunt for the Soviet Union's first known serial killer. I had tuned in, just expecting a half-decent TV movie, but found myself drawn by the compelling way the story was told. As others have said, there is much to admire here that is sadly lacking in many big screen releases.<br /><br />Much of the credit must go to Chris Gerolmo, whose intelligent screenplay and direction draw the viewer in, until it is impossible not to feel emotionally involved. The acting by the whole cast is also superb, especially that of the two leads, Stephen Rea and Donald Sutherland. Their convincing portrayals give their character arcs a great deal of credibility, and the scene where they have their first committee meeting after Perestroika is genuinely touching.<br /><br />If you prefer your crime films with a bit more depth and a little less sheen, I strongly recommend you look out for 'Citizen X'.<br /><br />
Let $f: M \to N$ be a holomorphic map between two complex manifolds. Assume $f$ is flat and sans \'{e}clatement en codimension 0 (no blowup in codimension 0). We study the theory of Lagrangian specialisation for such $f$, and prove a Gonz\'{a}lez-Sprinberg type formula for the local Euler obstruction relative to $f$. With the help of this formula and MacPherson's graph construction for the vector bundle map $f^*T^*N \to T^*M$, we find the Lagrangian cycle of the Milnor number constructible function $\mu$. As an application, we study the Chern class transformation of $\mu$ when $f$ has finite contact type.
A degree-$d$ polynomial $p$ in $n$ variables over a field $\F$ is {\em equidistributed} if it takes on each of its $|\F|$ values close to equally often, and {\em biased} otherwise. We say that $p$ has a {\em low rank} if it can be expressed as a bounded combination of polynomials of lower degree. Green and Tao [gt07] have shown that bias imply low rank over large fields (i.e. for the case $d < |\F|$). They have also conjectured that bias imply low rank over general fields. In this work we affirmatively answer their conjecture. Using this result we obtain a general worst case to average case reductions for polynomials. That is, we show that a polynomial that can be {\em approximated} by few polynomials of bounded degree, can be {\em computed} by few polynomials of bounded degree. We derive some relations between our results to the construction of pseudorandom generators, and to the question of testing concise representations.
It is widely believed that Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) originate in binary systems where a white dwarf accretes material from a companion star until its mass approaches the Chandrasekhar mass and carbon is ignited in the white dwarf's core. This scenario predicts that the donor star should survive the supernova explosion, providing an opportunity to understand the progenitors of Type Ia supernovae.In this paper we argue that rotation is a generic signature expected of most non-giant donor stars that is easily measurable. \citep{2004Natur.431.1069R} examined stars in the center of the remnant of SN 1572 (Tycho's SN) and showed evidence that a subgiant star (Star G by their naming convention) near the remnant's centre was the system's donor star. We present high-resolution (R \simeq 40000) spectra taken with the High Dispersion Spectrograph on Subaru of this candidate donor star and measure the star's radial velocity as $79\pm 2$ \kms with respect to the LSR and put an upper limit on the star's rotation of 7.5 \kms. In addition, by comparing images that were taken in 1970 and 2004, we measure the proper motion of Star G to be $\mu_l = -1.6 \pm 2.1$ \masyr and $\mu_b = -2.7 \pm 1.6$ \masyr. We demonstrate that all of the measured properties of Star G presented in this paper are consistent with those of a star in the direction of Tycho's SN that is not associated with the supernova event. However, we discuss an unlikely, but still viable scenario for Star G to be the donor star, and suggest further observations that might be able to confirm or refute it.
We use spherically symmetric hydrodynamic simulations to study the dynamical evolution and internal structure of superbubbles (SBs) driven by clustered supernovae (SNe), focusing on the effects of thermal conduction and cooling in the interface between the hot bubble interior and cooled shell. Our simulations employ an effective diffusivity to account for turbulent mixing from nonlinear instabilities that are not captured in 1D. The conductive heat flux into the shell is balanced by a combination of cooling in the interface and evaporation of shell gas into the bubble interior. This evaporation increases the density, and decreases the temperature, of the SB interior by more than an order of magnitude relative to simulations without conduction. However, most of the energy conducted into the interface is immediately lost to cooling, reducing the evaporative mass flux required to balance conduction. As a result, the evaporation rate is typically a factor of $\sim$3-30 lower than predicted by the classical similarity solution of Weaver et al. (1977), which neglects cooling. Blast waves from the first $\sim$30 SNe remain supersonic in the SB interior because reduced evaporation from the interface lowers the mass they sweep up in the hot interior. Updating the Weaver solution to include cooling, we construct a new analytic model to predict the cooling rate, evaporation rate, and temporal evolution of SBs. The cooling rate, and hence the hot gas mass, momentum, and energy delivered by SBs, is set by the ambient ISM density and the efficiency of nonlinear mixing at the bubble/shell interface.
The recent experimental realization of spin-orbit (SO) coupling for ultracold bosons and fermions opens an exciting avenue for engineering quantum matter that may be challenging to realize in solid state materials such as SO coupled spin-1 fermions. While one-dimensional SO coupling for spin-1 bosons has been experimentally realized, the generation of two-dimensional (2D) SO coupling and its topological properties are largely unexplored. Here we propose an experimental scheme for realizing a 2D Dresselhaus-type SO coupling in a square lattice for spin-1 Fermi gases. Because of the extended spin degree of freedom, many interesting topological phases could exist without relying on lattice point group symmetries that are crucial in solid state materials. These exotic phases include triply-degenerate points, quadratic band touching, a large Chern number ($C=5$) superfluid with 5 Majorana modes, triple-Weyl fermions, etc. Our scheme can be generalized to larger spins and provides a new route for engineering topological quantum matter by utilizing large spin degrees of freedom, instead of specific lattice symmetries.
There has been recent interest in the cosmological consequences of energy-momentum-powered gravity models, in which the matter side of Einstein's equations is modified by the addition of a term proportional to some power, $n$, of the energy-momentum tensor, in addition to the canonical linear term. In this work we treat these models as phenomenological extensions of the standard $\Lambda$CDM, containing both matter and a cosmological constant. We also quantitatively constrain the additional model parameters using low redshift background cosmology data that are specifically from Type Ia supernovas and Hubble parameter measurements. We start by studying specific cases of these models with fixed values of $n,$ which lead to an analytic expression for the Friedmann equation; we discuss both their current constraints and how the models may be further constrained by future observations of Type Ia supernovas for WFIRST complemented by measurements of the redshift drift by the ELT. We then consider and constrain a more extended parameter space, allowing $n$ to be a free parameter and considering scenarios with and without a cosmological constant. These models do not solve the cosmological constant problem per se. Nonetheless these models can phenomenologically lead to a recent accelerating universe without a cosmological constant at the cost of having a preferred matter density of around $\Omega_M\sim0.4$ instead of the usual $\Omega_M\sim0.3$. Finally we also briefly constrain scenarios without a cosmological constant, where the single component has a constant equation of state which needs not be that of matter; we provide an illustrative comparison of this model with a more standard dynamical dark energy model with a constant equation of state.
This is smaller than the previous exact same one This is the second Premium Leather Belt Clip Pouch Case for Samsung Galaxy S5, S6 and S6 Edge (Fits with Otterbox Case I purchased. I wore the first one out and liked it so I purchased another. The Quality is fine. The issue is the newer one is just a little smaller and does not work with my Samsung galaxy 6 with the Otterbox Defender Case on it. The Defender case is large and it is too tight.
We present a general framework of semi-supervised dimensionality reduction for manifold learning which naturally generalizes existing supervised and unsupervised learning frameworks which apply the spectral decomposition. Algorithms derived under our framework are able to employ both labeled and unlabeled examples and are able to handle complex problems where data form separate clusters of manifolds. Our framework offers simple views, explains relationships among existing frameworks and provides further extensions which can improve existing algorithms. Furthermore, a new semi-supervised kernelization framework called ``KPCA trick'' is proposed to handle non-linear problems.
Compact nonlocal Abelian gauge theory in (2+1) dimensions, also known as loop model, is a massless theory with a critical line that is explicitly covariant under duality transformations. It corresponds to the large N_F limit of self-dual electrodynamics in mixed three-four dimensions. It also provides a bosonic description for surface excitations of three-dimensional topological insulators. Upon mapping the model to a local gauge theory in (3+1) dimensions, we compute the spectrum of electric and magnetic solitonic excitations and the partition function on the three torus T_3. Analogous results for the S^2 x S^1 geometry show that the theory is conformal invariant and determine the manifestly self-dual spectrum of conformal fields, corresponding to order-disorder excitations with fractional statistics.
Today's industrial sensor networks require strong reliability and guarantees on messages delivery. These needs are even more important in real time applications like control/command, such as robotic wireless communications where strong temporal constraints are critical. For these reasons, classical random-based Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols present a non-null frame collision probability. In this paper we present an original full deterministic MAC-layer for industrial wireless network and its performance evaluation thanks to the development of a material prototype.
We consider geometric variational problems for a functional defined on a curve in three-dimensional space. The functional is assumed to be written in a form invariant under the group of Euclidean motions. We present the Euler-Lagrange equations as equilibrium equations for the internal force and moment. Classical as well as new examples are discussed to illustrate our approach. This new form of the equations particularly serves to promote the study of bio- and nanofilaments.
I have seen several comments here about Brando using a Southern accent, some of which felt it was a mistake. When this movie was made, racism and discrimination were very strong in the South. The Jim Crow laws were still in effect. Civil Rights was in it's infancy. Could this have possibly been a subtle social commentary, a Southern man in love with a woman of another race? The same way MASH was a subtle criticism of the Viet Nam war? Any thoughts?<br /><br />Another comment was made about Myoshi Umeki appearing "cold". Anyone who has been in Japan would understand. The Japanese people, at least in my experience, did not tend to show emotion in front of strangers. There were strict social rules, especially for men meeting single women. Americans in Japan were totally foreign to this culture, and the blunt attempts to meet women were shocking to the ladies. One trait of the Japanese was to smile when embarrassed or uncomfortable, which many American servicemen took as a sign that their advances were welcomed. Also remember that at the time represented in the movie, Japan had just been defeated, and the occupying forces were treated with reluctant acceptance. I think Myoshi Umeki gave a very credible performance of what her situation would have been. Watching her interaction with the American actors brought back several memories of my own experiences in the country. I was able to meet a pair of lovely young ladies who, after I convinced them I was not the typical American male, taught me their language and their culture during my time in their country.
The surface area of turbulent/non-turbulent interfaces (TNTIs) is continuously produced and destroyed via stretching and curvature/propagation effects. Here, the mechanisms responsible for TNTI area growth and destruction are investigated in a turbulent flow with and without stable stratification through the time evolution equation of the TNTI area. We show that both terms have broad distributions and may locally contribute to either production or destruction. On average, however, the area growth is driven by stretching, which is approximately balanced by destruction by the curvature/propagation term. To investigate the contribution of different length scales to these processes, we apply spatial filtering to the data. In doing so, we find that the averages of the stretching and the curvature/propagation terms balance out across spatial scales of TNTI wrinkles and this scale-by-scale balance is consistent with an observed scale invariance of the nearby coherent vortices. Through a conditional analysis, we demonstrate that the TNTI area production (destruction) localizes at the front (lee) edge of the vortical structures in the interface proximity. Finally, we show that while basic mechanisms remain the same, increasing stratification reduces the rates at which TNTI surface area is produced as well as destroyed. We provide evidence that this reduction is largely connected to a change in the multiscale geometry of the interface, which tends to flatten in the wall-normal direction at all active length scales of the TNTI.
Current State-of-the-Art models in Named Entity Recognition (NER) are neural models with a Conditional Random Field (CRF) as the final network layer, and pre-trained "contextual embeddings". The CRF layer is used to facilitate global coherence between labels, and the contextual embeddings provide a better representation of words in context. However, both of these improvements come at a high computational cost. In this work, we explore two simple techniques that substantially improve NER performance over a strong baseline with negligible cost. First, we use multiple pre-trained embeddings as word representations via concatenation. Second, we constrain the tagger, trained using a cross-entropy loss, during decoding to eliminate illegal transitions. While training a tagger on CoNLL 2003 we find a $786$\% speed-up over a contextual embeddings-based tagger without sacrificing strong performance. We also show that the concatenation technique works across multiple tasks and datasets. We analyze aspects of similarity and coverage between pre-trained embeddings and the dynamics of tag co-occurrence to explain why these techniques work. We provide an open source implementation of our tagger using these techniques in three popular deep learning frameworks --- TensorFlow, Pytorch, and DyNet.