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1,504,575	Representing the province of Sarangani, Philippines, what is the more famous day job of Filipino congressman Manny Pacquiao?	stumbleupon More StatsView More About Manny Pacquiao Boxer Manny Pacquiao currently has an estimated net worth of $250 million. While still regarded by many as the best boxer in the sport right now, Pac-Man is also busy outside the ring. He was elected a member of Congress of the Philippines in May 2010. Pacquiao spent a reported $7 million on the campaign.Pacquiao was elected to the House of Representatives in the 15th Congress of the Philippines, representing the province of Sarangani.He is the only active boxer to become a congressman in the Philippines. He earned $35 million for his two fights against Joshua Clottey and Miguel Cotto.Pacquiao is included in Forbes’ list of Highest Paid Athletes from the second half of 2009 to the first half of 2010; he is ranked 8th with an income of $42 million. Earnings & Financial Data The below financial data is gathered and compiled by TheRichest analysts team to give you a better understanding of Manny Pacquiao's net worth by breaking down the most relevant financial events such as yearly salaries, contracts, earn outs, endorsements, stock ownership and much more. ?	TIME \| Current & Breaking News \| National & World Updates Careers Quotes delayed at least 15 minutes. Market data provided by Interactive Data . ETF and Mutual Fund data provided by Morningstar, Inc. Dow Jones Terms & Conditions: http://www.djindexes.com/mdsidx/html/tandc/indexestandcs.html . S&P Index data is the property of Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc. and its licensors. All rights reserved. Terms & Conditions . Powered and implemented by Interactive Data Managed Solutions . All products and services featured are based solely on editorial selection. TIME may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. © 2017 Time Inc. All rights reserved. Powered by WordPress.com VIP YOU BROKE TIME.COM! Dear TIME Reader, As a regular visitor to TIME.com, we are sure you enjoy all the great journalism created by our editors and reporters. Great journalism has great value, and it costs money to make it. One of the main ways we cover our costs is through advertising. The use of software that blocks ads limits our ability to provide you with the journalism you enjoy. Consider turning your Ad Blocker off so that we can continue to provide the world class journalism you have become accustomed to. The TIME Team	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,576	The 12th century Welsh cleric Geoffrey of Monmouth is known for his writings on what?	BBC - Wales History: Geoffrey of Monmouth: making fact out of fiction Post categories: History , Myths and legends Phil Carradice \| 16:20 UK time, Friday, 13 July 2012 For hundreds of years the standard history of Britain was the one supplied by an obscure teacher, writer, cleric - and, later, priest - of dubious Welsh connections. His name was Geoffrey of Monmouth and his words were believed implicitly, from the time of their creation in the 12th century right down to the days of Queen Elizabeth. Only much later did it become clear that Geoffrey's version of British history came from a range of different sources. These included a ninth century Welsh book of history (written in both Latin and Welsh), the work of monks like Bede and Gildas, the poems of several Welsh bards - and, in particular, his own rather vivid imagination. Virtually everything about Geoffrey of Monmouth is obscure, even his date of birth. In all probability he was born around the year 1100, possibly in the Marches of Wales. Even that is unclear. Historia Regum Britanniae He called himself Geoffrey of Monmouth in his most famous and influential book, Historia Regum Britanniae, a supposed history of Britain's kings. He probably, therefore, had some connection with the Monmouth area and may well have been born there. The background of his parents is, likewise, also unknown but they may well have come from Brittany with William the Conqueror in 1066. It is unlikely that he had any Welsh blood in him - as was originally believed - and he almost certainly had only a passing acquaintance with the Welsh language. He wrote in Latin, as did most learned men in those days. For many years it was believed that Geoffrey was a monk or a cleric at the Benedictine Priory in Monmouth but, in fact, he may well only have studied there as a youth. Most of his adult life was actually spent outside Wales. Certainly he was made secular canon at the Collegiate Church of St George in Oxford and between 1129 and 1151 his name, along with that of the Archdeacon of Oxford, appeared on six different charters for the Oxford area. Bishop of St Asaph On 21 February 1152 Geoffrey of Monmouth was appointed Bishop of St Asaph. Amazingly, he had only been ordained as a priest some two weeks before. The new Bishop probably never went near St Asaph as the rebellion of Owain Gwynedd was raging at the time and to venture to that particular part of north Wales would, in all honestly, have meant death and disaster. Geoffrey died somewhere around December 1155, already acknowledged as a major historian but, in reality, one of the greatest legend makers Wales and Britain had ever seen. Dedicated to Robert, Earl of Gloucester, Historia Regum Britanniae remains his best known work. It purported to be a true history of Britain and of her kings from the time of Brutus - a descendant of Aeneas of Troy, not the Shakespearean character - through the Roman invasion of Julius Caesar to the reigns of Leir and Cymbeline (that one DID later become a Shakespearean figure). Creating a legend Above all his Historia included the character for whom Geoffrey is always best remembered, King Arthur. His work on creating the legend - arguably a necessity in a period of trouble and strife when the country was desperately seeking to return to happier, more peaceful times - certainly began the popularity of the Arthurian legend. Later kings and historians took the legend and adapted it to their own needs but it undoubtedly began with Geoffrey of Monmouth. Unfortunately, Geoffrey did not confine himself to the true historical facts around the character of Arthur. After all, like most story tellers - and that is how we should remember him, as a very good story teller - Geoffrey was not going to let the truth get in the way of a great tale. It remains a sad fact but if Geoffrey had told the real story of the Romano-British warrior chief who fought against the Saxon invaders we might have had more of a grasp on our history during those troubled years. As it was, his work - his fantasy work - on Arthur and Merlin opened	WALES - Welsh Rugby Memorabilia from 1900 to present day, WALES / CYMRU Welsh rugby memorabilia - you will find on this page a marvellous selection of memorabilia from all eras of Welsh Rugby. From the first Golden era to the 2008 Grand Slam, we've got the lot. Click on the links below or scroll down to see what great items we have on offer. 2012 GRAND SLAM - 2008 GRAND SLAM - 2005 GRAND SLAM - 1900's GOLDEN ERA - BETWEEN THE WARS 1920's & 30's - WARTIME/SERVICES - POST-WAR 40s, 50s & 60s - 1970's GOLDEN ERA - WELSH CENTENARY YEAR - 1980s TO DATE - THE GREAT PLAYERS - GREAT WELSH VICTORIES - GROGGS - CARDIFF ARMS PARK - SCHOOLS & COLLEGES - WELSH RUGBY UNION - CLUBS - REGIONS Welsh Rugby Book & DVD Gift Pack. This pack contains a 96 page full colour book titled "The Golden Age of Welsh Rugby" and a 100 minute DVD featuring 101 great Welsh Tries. An ideal gift for any Welsh rugby fan. The pack is brand new, unopened in very good condition. RRP ï¿½14.99 Ref: PL44-warrbkdv-gift.pack - ï¿½12.99 2012 Wales Grand Slam - INDIVIDUAL PROGRAMMES v Ireland WALES GRAND SLAM 2005 MAGIC MOMENTS - TURF PAPERWEIGHTS Rugby Relics are proud to be able to offer the actual turf on which Shane Williams touched down for his try against England and the very piece of grass from which Gavin Henson launched his penalty kick that won the game for Wales. The pitch cut up badly during the game and the Millennium Stadium and Welsh Rugby Union decided a new pitch was needed. To do this the whole pitch needed to be removed and re-laid. These two important pieces of turf were pinpointed by stadium staff and removed from the main pitch on Tuesday 15th of February. We have turned these two pieces of historical turf into a series of limited edition paperweights. For more information on the Magic Moments - Turf Paperweights - CLICK HERE ï¿½10.00 A Limited Edition print by Jonathan Evans celebrating that wonderful moment when Gavin Henson kicked the winning goal against England to set Wales on their way to the 2005 Triple Crown and Grand Slam. For further details CLICK HERE The 2005/6 Rugby Annual for Wales (37th year) - This annual includes details of Wales' Grand Slam, the British Lions tour of New Zealand, Wales tour of North America + other European & Worldwide competitions. As always it is a mine of information, the most comprehensive view of rugby in Wales - Ref: anwa2005-06 - ï¿½7.50 For other editions of the Rugby Annual for Wales including 2006/7 - CLICK HERE 1905 WALES v NEW ZEALAND - WALES TEAM POSTCARD SET A quality set of 20 A6 size postcards featuring the Welsh team that defeated New Zealand in 1906. The postcards in this set are as follows: Welsh team, Gwyn Nicholls, Percy Bush, Jack Williams, Rhys Gabe, Arthur Harding, Jehodia Hodges, Dai 'Tarw' Jones, Will Joseph, Teddy Morgan, Willie Llewellyn, Dicky Owen, Cliff Pritchard, Charlie Pritchard, George Travers, Bert Winfield, Sir JDT Llewellyn, Tom Williams, Ack Llewellyn & official programme. Ref: pcwa1905nzst20 - ï¿½25.00 Wales v New Zealand 1905 facsimile programme. This programme was reproduced in 1981. It is the same as the original programme apart from reproduction details on the back page. 8 pages, in very good condition. Ref: prwanz.1905.rpxb - ï¿½35.00 England v Wales Schools 1913 touch judges' flag. This embroidered flag which measures 47cm x 30cm was used in the intermediate (under 16) schools match at Leicester on March 1st 1913. England schools triumphed 17 points to 3, only their 2nd victory over Wales. The flag has some light marks and folding creases, for it's age it is in very good condition. From the collection of a former WRU President, COA provided.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,577	Which major UK racecourse is at Prestbury Park?	Cheltenham Horse Racing at Prestbury Park The Local Time is Friday, 20-Jan-2017 12:05:31 GMT Cheltenham Horse Racing at Prestbury Park CORPORATE ADVERTISERS This advertisement is being seen at least 4000 times per day by people wanting accommodation, tours, and Cotswolds information. Don't miss out on this valuable advertising space!! Cheltenham horse racing is a great day out for all. There are three enclosures to choose from and from wherever you are guaranteed stunning views of all the racing. The Festival Week - 15th to 18th March 2016 The Festival™ epitomises and encompasses everything that is great about Jump racing, whilst delivering an unbelievable occasion as the finest horses, jockeys, owners and trainers battle it out for the highest racing honours. Champion Day - Tuesday 15 March Ladies Day - Wednesday 16 March St Patrick's Day - Thursday 17 March Gold Cup Day - Friday 18 March Bookings can be taken for both restaurants and private boxes and tours of the racecourse are available free for people who wish to learn the history and magic of Cheltenham horse racing. For more information on the town of Cheltenham For Special and Exclusive Accommodation for Cheltenham Gold Cup Week Address: Course Details National Hunt: Left-handed oval course with the last 4 furlongs uphill all the way. Fences are generally fair but the open ditches are wider than usual. Location map of: Cheltenham Racecourse Getting There By Car: The course is a mile from Cheltenham town centre. Take the A40 or M5 to Cheltenham and follow the AA signs to the course. By Train: Lovely country home Bed and Breakfast offers guests a wonderfully relaxing stay in the Cotswold of village of Aldsworth Perfect GOLD CUP Accommodation Stunning self contained Coach House ( sleeps 6 + ) ( B&B / transport / dinner options available) This lovely country home offers the perfect stay for Cheltenham Races - set in the unspoilt and friendly Cotswold of village of Aldsworth with the best of the racing pubs close by - Stay where the owners and trainers are based and enjoy the real Gloucestershire excitement that is Gold Cup week Just off the A40 , Aldsworth is an easy run to the racecourse. Your host ( rated 5 star by Air B&B) is happy to sort out transport to and from the race course and also do drop offs/ pick ups from the pubs ! Our friendly village pub is just a short walk away too. The spacious Coach House apartment offers a totally private and relaxing stay - perfect for groups of friends . Beautifully styled and recently renovated, the Coach House sleeps 6 / 7 easily – having 3 large bedrooms and bathrooms which all come with Wifi, TV’s, dressing gowns and all the little extras. The huge Hayloft sitting room has a Smart TV, large corner sofa plus sofa bed and incorporates both a fully kitted kitchen and dining area. With its high vaulted ceiling, panelled walls and oak floor it’s the ideal area for socialising before and after your day at the races....... Your host fills your fridge with local organic breakfast ingredients, but can provide a huge cooked breakfast from locally sources ingredients in the main house dining hall should you wish to be spoilt ....... also we can do post racing dinners by the fire should you be too tired to go out . As a former racing guest put......... “ The accommodation, host and breakfast are a 10 out of 10 - and it’s great fun !”” xx Celebrate the best race meet of the year here at the Stable House xx THE COACH HOUSE CAN BE BOOKED AS A WHOLE OR ON A ROOM BY ROOM BASIS: PRICES £100 PER ROOM PER NIGHT. THE COACH HOUSE – DETAILS Up the traditional old outside steps from the garden is the stable door entrance into the Hayloft sitting room. Over 17ft long with a vast high beamed ceiling , this beautiful room has a large corner sofa and a double sofa ( which is handy sofa bed too). As well as wifi and large Smart TV, there is a lovely dining table and fully e	William Fox-Pitt Archives - Equestrian News Equestrian News Nov 012013 Following a successful season now is the time to celebrate the riders and horses that have made it to the top of the British Eventing Points ranking table. The final 2013 rankings have seen a hotly contested battle for the top spots. New Zealander Andrew Nicholson has retained first place in the rankings following another very successful season and also leads the FEI HSBC rankings. Topping the horse rankings is Irish bred Mr Cruise Control, owned jointly by Robin and Nicola Salmon alongside Andrew. Mr Cruise Control has had a prolific season finishing fifth in the 4* at Pau and first in both the CIC3* at Chatsworth in May and Luhmuhlen 4. His owners will be presented with the Calcutta Light Horse Trophy in recognition of his impressive achievement. Andrew’s Olympic bronze medal winning mount, Deborah Sellar’s Nereo, is runner up with 382 points. Best of the Brits, and winner of the Tony Collins award, is Dorset based William Fox-Pitt who attained a total of 2142 points this season. William’s European bronze medal winning horse Chilli Morning, owned by Christopher and Lisa Stone, reached third place in the BE rankings after winning 378 points. Another of Fox-Pitt’s rides, Catherine Witt’s recent Pau 4 winner Seacookie finished just behind his stable mate in fourth place with 368 points. Fellow Brit Oliver Townend again retains third place in the rankings following another busy season, amassing 1241 points. The top twenty ranked horses and riders are detailed below and the top one hundred can be found here . Jan 242013 HRH the Duchess of Cornwall, Patron of the British Equestrian Federation (BEF), hosted a reception on the evening of Tuesday 22 January 2013 to celebrate the achievements of the British equestrian teams at the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. The event, held in the majestic formal rooms of Clarence House, London, was a wonderful opportunity for the team to meet the Duchess, an enthusiastic supporter of equestrian sport and to reflect on a successful 2012. Over 80 honoured guests including horse owners, grooms, coaches and team support staff gathered with medallists to enjoy the occasion. Athletes attending included dressage gold medallist Laura Bechtolsheimer MBE; eventing silver medallists Tina Cook, William Fox-Pitt, Mary King MBE, Zara Phillips MBE and Nicola Wilson; showjumping gold medallist Peter Charles MBE; Paralympic multi-medallists Natasha Baker MBE, Sophie Christiansen OBE, Deb Criddle MBE and Sophie Wells MBE who were presented and photographed with Her Royal Highness. Chairman of the British Equestrian Federation, Keith Taylor commented; “Our Patron, HRH The Duchess of Cornwall, is wonderfully supportive of everything we do. Tonight, HRH played a very personal tribute in hosting and celebrating the successes of our athletes, their owners and the support staff at Clarence House. It was a joyous occasion in celebration of the best ever haul of medals at an Olympic and Paralympic Games.” The success of the equestrian teams during the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games saw a record 16 medals won across the four disciplines, from the historic first Olympic medals for dressage, the first showjumping gold medal for sixty years, to the unbeaten British Paralympic team (since para-dressage’s introduction in 1996) exceeding their Beijing medal haul, after securing a total of 11 medals. Jul 032012 Unfortunately DHI Topper W, ridden by Piggy French, has incurred an injury that means he will not be fit to compete at the London 2012 Olympic Games in the equestrian (eventing) competitions. The British Olympic Association (BOA) has confirmed that Nicola Wilson (35) from Northallerton, North Yorkshire, riding Opposition Buzz owned by Miss Rosemary Search has been selected to replace Piggy and DHI Topper W. Commenting on her selection Nicola Wilson said: “It’s horrific and fabulous at the same time; I just don’t know what to say; I’m devastated for Piggy and wouldn’t wish this on anybody, she’s become a very close frien	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,578	"In the cartoon show ""The Wacky Races"" who drove the Mean Machine?"	Wacky Races \| Wacky Races Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia Edit The series ran on CBS from September 14 , 1968 to January 4 , 1969. Seventeen episodes were produced, with each episode featuring two different races, for a total of 34 races in all. Attempting to foil the racers' efforts were the show's resident villains Dick Dastardly and his canine sidekick, Muttley. Dastardly would usually gain a large lead, then execute all sorts of elaborate schemes to trap, divert, blow up or stop the other racers, only to see them backfire spectacularly. The intended object lesson may have been that Dastardly might have easily won several races had he only kept his mind on the race and off dirty tricks. The Mean Machine was arguably the fastest car in the series, as evidenced by Dastardly's repeatedly zooming to a stunning lead from far behind. Like Wile E. Coyote , Dastardly never saw victory, although on one occasion he did cross the finish line first only to be disqualified when the judges reviewed the video replay, revealing that Dastardly had cheated (by extending the tip of his car). Many of Dastardly's plots look similar to those used in Road Runner cartoons, perhaps because Mike Maltese was a scriptwriter on both series. Wacky Races was inspired by the 1965 film The Great Race , and the main characters in the cartoon were based on those in the film. Penelope Pitstop (who would later have a spinoff series) took on the appearance of Maggie DuBois, played by Natalie Wood, including her pink outfit and her car's parasol. Dastardly has much in common with Jack Lemmon's portrayal of Professor Fate. Fate and his sidekick, Max Meen ( Peter Falk ), indulge in similar acts of sabotage and Max has Muttley's knack for making mistakes. Although Fate's car does not look much like the Mean Machine, it does bear the familiar spike on the front and is equipped with smoke screen, cannon, and other assorted gadgets. One of the musical themes, used in the show, was used as the opening and closing segments of the spin off show "Perils of Penelope Pitstop." One of the original plans for the series was that the races themselves would be part of a live-action quiz show with Merrill Heatter and Bob Quigley Productions, the team behind the television series Hollywood Squares. Heatter-Quigley's plan was that contestants would actually bet on which Wacky Racer would cross the finish line first. Although the game show concept was eventually scrubbed, the series still retained a Hanna-Barbera Heatter-Quigley dual production credit. In 1988, a made-for-TV movie, Around The World With The Wacky Racers, was planned as part of Hanna-Barbera's Superstars 10 series of TV movies, but it never got past the concept stage. Drivers, characters and cars The eleven racers and their numbers are: Dick Dastardly and Muttley in the Mean Machine 00 (The double 'O'/ The Double Zero) Edit The villains of the series, in a purple, rocket-powered car with an abundance of concealed weapons and ability to fly. Dick Dastardly would concoct a plan or set a trap once he got into the lead of the race to make sure no other car would catch up to him; however, every plan backfired. Ironically, many tricks Dastardly uses are not unlike the ones the other racers use, though only his are referred to as "cheating." Most of his traps always fail, with Dastardly being the one who gets hurt in the end and Muttley, his canine sidekick, snickering at his misfortune, often earning him a bonk on the head from Dastardly, who could seemingly stretch his arms considerable distances for that sole purpose. Dastardly dresses in purple, and wears a red-and-purple striped puffy hat. He also has a long, black moustach and appears as the archetypal turn-of-the-century villain . The Slag Brothers in the Bouldermobile. Edit Rock Slag and Gravel Slag are Cavemen driving a wheeled boulder. The Slag Brothers sometimes reconstructed their car from scratch just by using their clubs on any large boulder that was available. Like the Grusome Twosome, the Slag Brothers can summon up appropriate creatures - such as Ptera	The Perils of Penelope Pitstop \| The Cartoon Network Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia The Perils of Penelope Pitstop 1,030pages on The Perils of Penelope Pitstop Genre September 13, 1969 – September 4, 1971 Status Dastardly & Muttley Wiki The Perils of Penelope Pitstop is an American animated television series produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions that premiered on CBS on September 13, 1969. The series consisted of a total of 17 half-hour episodes, the last first-run episode airing on January 17, 1970, repeats aired until September 4, 1971. The series is a spin-off of the Wacky Races cartoon, reprising the characters of Penelope Pitstop and the Anthill Mob. The series previously aired in reruns on Cartoon Network and currently airs on Cartoon Network's sister channel Boomerang . Contents [ show ] Overview The series was patterned on the silent movie era melodrama cliffhanger movie serial The Perils of Pauline using the most successful characters of Wacky Races, namely Penelope Pitstop, the members of Ant Hill Mob and originally Dick Dastardly and Muttley though Dastardly and Muttley were later dropped in pre-production according to this series' DVD release information. Those characters would be later reused in their own series. Deciding to feature the characters in a different setting, studio heads decided to set the characters into an active adventure format strongly reminiscent of the 1910s. Adding to the cliffhanger serial feel, episodes typically started with a recap such as "Last time we left Penelope, she was in the clutches of the Hooded Claw". Contrary to later editing of the series in rebroadcasts, the original format of the series was to introduce the successive episodes at the end of the just-finished broadcast for the successive week that would present and leave Penelope in the middle of a dangerous situation to overcome. The cliffhanger would end with Penelope being shown placed in direct danger such as being shot out of a circus cannon to land in the wild animal cage. The audience is left there with the indication "Tune in next week for danger in the 'Big Top Trap' ". The successive episode would include recapping the previous week's end scene introduction and continue onto Penelope's successful avoidance of the danger she encountered. In all rebroadcasts of the series since the original broadcasts as well as on the DVD release of the series, these introduction endings have been removed from the main episodes. Also from the Wacky Races was the Ant Hill Mob, originally portrayed as a group of crooks but in this incarnation are now either reformed, never had the criminal background of their earlier Wacky Races incarnation, or are engaging in a protection racket. The members also have completely new names, different from the original Wacky Races series (except for their leader Clyde, who was named "Big Clyde" in the Wacky Races), who, with their largely self-aware car, Chugga-Boom, acted as the heroes and were constantly rushing to Penelope's rescue. But their attempts to save her were only half effective. The Mob's reason for being Penelope's friends and guardians is never explained, although the narrator mentions that they were her "benefactors." The Hooded Claw (voiced by Paul Lynde), aided by his pair of near identical henchmen who always speak in unison, the Bully Brothers (both voiced by Mel Blanc), concocted needlessly Goldbergian plots to kill Penelope (such as a device to drop her from an aircraft, cut her parachute, and then have her drop into a box of wildcats). While the Mob often rescued Penelope, as often as not she needed to rescue the Mob from the unintended effects of their attempts to rescue her. While Penelope was curiously helpless whenever The Hooded Claw grabbed her, once he left her tied up for his fiendish plans to take effect, she usually became resourceful and ingenious, sometimes coming up with spontaneous and creative methodologies to escape her peril. Penelope was always in a different part of the globe for every peril. Mainly she was in America, but she did go to locations such as E	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,579	What is the staple diet of the leopard seal?	Leopard Seal Facts \| Leopard Seal Diet & Habitat Facts for Kids Leopard Seal Facts \| Leopard Seal Diet & Habitat Come and discover some of the essential leopard seal facts including leopard seal diet, reproduction, and physical features. The leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) is regarded as the second largest species of seal all throughout Antarctic. The southern elephant seal is the largest specie among its family. These animals are also called sea leopards and are known to inhabit across the Antarctica coast and sub-Antarctic islands, with some species are also found on the southern coasts of Australia, South Africa, Lord Howe Island, Cook Islands, New Zealand, Tasmania, and South America. These animals can survive up to 26 years or more. The most common seal’s predators are sharks and orcas. The leopard seal belongs to the family of Phocidae. Interesting Leopard Seal Facts The leopard seal exhibits pale grey color from the stomach while the back is pure black. The males are faintly larger as compared to females. The length of the leopard seals measure around 2.4 – 3.5 meters (8.4 – 11.7 feet). The leopard seal weighs around 200 – 600 kg (440 – 1,300 lb). The front teeth of leopard seal are sharp like carnivores. These types of seals inhabit in the cold waters encompassing Antarctica. The leopard seals primarily rely on pack ice in the summer months. These species are normally solitary creatures in that they only group together at the time of mating. The gestation period of leopard seal lasts for 9 months. The female gives birth to a single pup in summer. The leopard seal is one of the bold and curious creatures. The length of the canine teeth of these animals measure around 2.5 cm (1 inch). The closest relatives of leopard seals are crabeater seal, Weddell seal, and Ross seal. In general, leopard seals are considered to be highly aggressive species but they seldom attack on humans. What Do Leopard Seals Eat The leopard seal predominantly feed on smaller species like krill, squid, and small fish. These animals are also known to take on adelie, Gentoo, emperor, and king penguins, together with other species such as crabeater seal and other seals. The leopard seals living in the sub-Antarctic island in South Georgia often prey on Antarctic fur Seal; while other prey includes fish, Antarctic krill, southern elephant seal, and penguins. Leopard Seal Facts \| Video	Africa on the Matrix: Namibia's Skeleton Coast News Skeleton Coast & Kunene Region The treacherous Skeleton Coast reaches north from the town of Swakopmund to Namibia's northern border at the Kunene River. Cold water, carried by the Benguela current flowing north from Antarctica, meets the hot, dry air of the Namib desert and forms an early-morning fog that often penetrates more than 20 miles inland. The currents, the winds, the fog and the absence of protected harbors have made this stretch of Atlantic coastline a hazardous passage for centuries. The morning fog is the only source of moisture for many of the specially-adapted plants that eke out a fragile existence in this forbidding environment. By late morning, the fog begins to burn away, revealing a windswept landscape of shifting sand dunes, crashing waves and the occasional black-backed jackal trotting along keeping a sharp lookout for an opportunistic meal. On the beach, several giant colonies of Cape fur seals (technically a species of sea lion) teem with the bleating sounds of babies and mothers trying to find one another among the multitudes as mothers return from feeding in the ocean. As mothers and babies make their way through the crowd, brief but spirited fights break out as neighbors are jostled and territories are trespassed. At several points along the coast, "ephemeral" rivers traverse the dry sand en route to the sea. The rivers are "ephemeral" because they flow with water only for brief days or weeks during the rainy season. During the rest of the year they appear as dry as the rest of the strand. Looks, however, are deceiving. In many cases, the rivers still carry some water below the surface. Local plants have adapted deep root systems to reach down for the precious water. Desert elephants, which have also adapted to the harsh conditions, have learned to dig holes in the sandy river beds and wait for ground water to seep in. In some places, underground rock layers force the water to the surface in the form of small springs that attract animals from miles around. It is an eerie experience to walk along the edge of the sea. During the heyday of whaling in the 19th century, seamen dismembered their quarry to process the meat and oil and threw the bones overboard. Many of the these bones washed ashore and remain visible today, preserved for more than a century by conditions that even decay-causing bacteria find inhospitable. There are also skeletons of young sea lions, trampled in a stampede in a crowded seal colony or perhaps snatched away by a stealthy jackal, then picked clean by the scavengers. At various points along the shore, one also sees skeletons of ships that have been dashed against the rocks and broken to pieces. In one area, there is a tomb to a seaman who lost his life along the coast (one of many to die but one of the few whose remains could be found). Inland from the Skeleton Coast lies Namibia's Kunene Region (previously known as Kaokoland when the country was under South African control). Although the region is arid, desert elephants, giraffes and many other species have adapted to the dry conditions. In addition, the Himba people have lived in the area for centuries, raising cattle, sheep and goats. Because of their isolation, the Himba have been better able to maintain their traditional lifestyle than many indigenous groups in Africa. Photos from the Kunene Region are available in a pop-up window by clicking on the link below.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,580	Signed on Sept 8, 1951, the Treaty of San Francisco officially ended what?	Treaty of San Francisco, 1951 - Council on Foreign Relations Council on Foreign Relations Treaty of San Francisco, 1951 Connect With Us: Treaty of San Francisco, 1951 Share Treaty of San Francisco, 1951 Japan and some of the Allied Powers signed this treaty on September 8, 1951, in San Francisco, and it came into force on April 28, 1952. It officially ended World War II, outlined compensation for former prisoners of war in Japan, and renounced Japan's rights to some overseas territories. Excerpt from the treaty : WHEREAS the Allied Powers and Japan are resolved that henceforth their relations shall be those of nations which, as sovereign equals, cooperate in friendly association to promote their common welfare and to maintain international peace and security, and are therefore desirous of concluding a Treaty of Peace which will settle questions still outstanding as a result of the existence of a state of war between them; WHEREAS Japan for its part declares its intention to apply for membership in the United Nations and in all circumstances to conform to the principles of the Charter of the United Nations; to strive to realize the objectives of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; to seek to create within Japan conditions of stability and well-being as defined in Articles 55 and 56 of the Charter of the United Nations and already initiated by post-surrender Japanese legislation; and in public and private trade and commerce to conform to internationally accepted fair practices; WHEREAS the Allied Powers welcome the intentions of Japan set out in the foregoing paragraph; THE ALLIED POWERS AND JAPAN have therefore determined to conclude the present Treaty of Peace, and have accordingly appointed the undersigned Plenipotentiaries, who, after presentation of their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed on the following provisions: CHAPTER I PEACE Article 1 (a) The state of war between Japan and each of the Allied Powers is terminated as from the date on which the present Treaty comes into force between Japan and the Allied Power concerned as provided for in Article 23. (b) The Allied Powers recognize the full sovereignty of the Japanese people over Japan and its territorial waters. CHAPTER II TERRITORY Article 2 (a) Japan recognizing the independence of Korea, renounces all right, title and claim to Korea, including the islands of Quelpart, Port Hamilton and Dagelet. (b) Japan renounces all right, title and claim to Formosa and the Pescadores. (c) Japan renounces all right, title and claim to the Kurile Islands, and to that portion of Sakhalin and the islands adjacent to it over which Japan acquired sovereignty as a consequence of the Treaty of Portsmouth of 5 September 1905. (d) Japan renounces all right, title and claim in connection with the League of Nations Mandate System, and accepts the action of the United Nations Security Council of 2 April 1947, extending the trusteeship system to the Pacific Islands formerly under mandate to Japan. (e) Japan renounces all claim to any right or title to or interest in connection with any part of the Antarctic area, whether deriving from the activities of Japanese nationals or otherwise. (f) Japan renounces all right, title and claim to the Spratly Islands and to the Paracel Islands. Article 3 Japan will concur in any proposal of the United States to the United Nations to place under its trusteeship system, with the United States as the sole administering authority, Nansei Shoto south of 29deg. north latitude (including the Ryukyu Islands and the Daito Islands), Nanpo Shoto south of Sofu Gan (including the Bonin Islands, Rosario Island and the Volcano Islands) and Parece Vela and Marcus Island. Pending the making of such a proposal and affirmative action thereon, the United States will have the right to exercise all and any powers of administration, legislation and jurisdiction over the territory and inhabitants of these islands, including their territorial waters. Article 4 (a) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (b) of this Article, the disposition of proper	Introduction - The World of 1898: The Spanish-American War (Hispanic Division, Library of Congress) Photographic History of the Spanish American War , p. 36. On April 25, 1898 the United States declared war on Spain following the sinking of the Battleship Maine in Havana harbor on February 15, 1898. The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898. As a result Spain lost its control over the remains of its overseas empire -- Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Philippines Islands, Guam, and other islands. Background Beginning in 1492, Spain was the first European nation to sail westward across the Atlantic Ocean, explore, and colonize the Amerindian nations of the Western Hemisphere. At its greatest extent, the empire that resulted from this exploration extended from Virginia on the eastern coast of the United States south to Tierra del Fuego at the tip of South America excluding Brazil and westward to California and Alaska. Across the Pacific, it included the Philippines and other island groups. By 1825 much of this empire had fallen into other hands and in that year, Spain acknowledged the independence of its possessions in the present-day United States (then under Mexican control) and south to the tip of South America. The only remnants that remained in the empire in the Western Hemisphere were Cuba and Puerto Rico and across the Pacific in Philippines Islands, and the Carolina, Marshall, and Mariana Islands (including Guam) in Micronesia. Cuba Following the liberation from Spain of mainland Latin America, Cuba was the first to initiate its own struggle for independence. During the years from 1868-1878, Cubans personified by guerrilla fighters known as mambises fought for autonomy from Spain. That war concluded with a treaty that was never enforced. In the 1890's Cubans began to agitate once again for their freedom from Spain. The moral leader of this struggle was José Martí , known as "El Apóstol," who established the Cuban Revolutionary Party on January 5, 1892 in the United States. Following the grito de Baire, the call to arms on February 24, 1895, Martí returned to Cuba and participated in the first weeks of armed struggle when he was killed on May 19, 1895. The Philippines Islands The Philippines too was beginning to grow restive with Spanish rule. José Rizal , a member of a wealthy mestizo family, resented that his upper mobility was limited by Spanish insistence on promoting only "pure-blooded" Spaniards. He began his political career at the University of Madrid in 1882 where he became the leader of Filipino students there. For the next ten years he traveled in Europe and wrote several novels considered seditious by Filipino and Church authorities. He returned to Manila in 1892 and founded the Liga Filipina, a political group dedicated to peaceful change. He was rapidly exiled to Mindanao. During his absence, Andrés Bonifacio founded Katipunan , dedicated to the violent overthrow of Spanish rule. On August 26, 1896, after learning that the Katipunan had been betrayed, Bonifacio issued the Grito de Balintawak , a call for Filipinos to revolt. Bonifacio was succeeded as head of the Philippine revolution by Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy , who had his predecessor arrested and executed on May 10, 1897. Aguinaldo negotiated a deal with the Spaniards who exiled him to Hong Kong with 400,000 pesos that he subsequently used to buy weapons to resume the fight. Puerto Rico During the 1880s and 1890s, Puerto Ricans developed many different political parties, some of which sought independence for the island while others, headquartered like their Cuban counterparts in New York, preferred to ally with the United States. Spain proclaimed the autonomy of Puerto Rico on November 25, 1897, although the news did not reach the island until January 1898 and a new government established on February 12, 1898. United States U.S. interest in purchasing Cuba had begun long before 1898. Following the Ten Years War, American sugar interests bought up large tracts of land in Cuba. Alterations in the U.S. sugar tariff favoring home-g	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,581	The theatres for which war included North Africa, the Philippines, Italy, Germany and Crete?	Lonely Planet Travel Guides and Travel Information Overview Things to do Hotels Tips & Articles History Although Crete has been inhabited since Neolithic times (7000–3000 BC), for most people its history begins with the Minoan civilisation. The glories of Crete’s Minoan past remained hidden until British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans made his dramatic discoveries at Knossos in the early 1900s. The term ‘Minoan’ was coined by Evans and derived from the King Minos of Greek mythology. Nobody knows what the Minoans called themselves. Among the ruins unearthed by Evans were the famous Knossos frescoes. Artistically, the frescoes are superlative; the figures that grace them have a naturalism lacking in contemporary Cycladic figurines, ancient Egyptian artwork (which they resemble in certain respects), and the Archaic sculpture that came later. What is known is that early in the 3rd millennium BC, an advanced people migrated to Crete and brought with them the art of metallurgy. The Protopalatial period (3400–2100 BC) saw the emergence of a society of unprecedented artistic, engineering and cultural achievement. It was during this time that the famous palace complexes were built at Knossos , Phaestos , Malia and Zakros. Also during this time, the Minoans began producing their exquisite Kamares pottery and silverware, and became a maritime power trading with Egypt and Asia Minor. Around 1700 BC the complexes were destroyed by an earthquake. Undeterred, the Minoans built bigger and better palaces on the sites of the originals, as well as new settlements in other parts of the island. Around 1450 BC, when the Minoan civilisation was at its peak, the palaces were mysteriously destroyed again. While there is continued speculation as to the cause of this destruction, the latest theory suggests it was the result of a giant tsunami that followed the massive volcanic eruption on the island of Santorini (Thira) . Knossos was the only palace to be salvaged. It was finally destroyed by fire around 1400 BC. The Myceneans appeared in Crete during this time, but the Minoan civilisation was a hard act to follow. The war-orientated Dorians, who arrived in Greece around 1100 BC, were pedestrian by comparison. The 5th century BC found Crete, like the rest of the country, divided into city-states. The glorious classical age of mainland Greece had little impact on Crete, and the Persians bypassed the island. It was also ignored by Alexander the Great, so was never part of the Macedonian Empire. By 67 BC, Crete had fallen to the Romans. The town of Gortyna in the south became the capital of Cyrenaica, a province that included large chunks of North Africa. Crete, along with the rest of Greece , became part of the Byzantine Empire in AD 395. In 1210 Crete was occupied by the Venetians, whose legacy is one of mighty fortresses, ornate public buildings and monuments, and handsome dwellings. Despite the massive Venetian fortifications, which sprang up all over the island, by 1669 the whole of the mainland was under Turkish rule. The first uprising against the Turks was led by Ioannis Daskalogiannis in 1770. Many more insurrections followed, and in 1898 the Great Powers ( Great Britain , France and Russia ) intervened and made the island a British protectorate. It was not until the signing of the Treaty of Bucharest in 1913 that Crete officially became part of Greece , although the island’s parliament had declared a de facto union in 1905. Crete saw much heavy fighting during WWII. Germany wanted the island as an air base and on 20 May 1941 German parachutists landed on Crete. It was the start of 10 days of fierce fighting that became known as the Battle of Crete. For two whole days the battle hung in the balance until Germany won a bridgehead for its air force at Maleme, located near Hania . The Allied forces of Britain, Australia , New Zealand and Greece then fought a valiant rear-guard action which enabled the British Navy to evacuate 18, 000 of the 32, 000 Allied troops on the island. The German occupation of Crete lasted until the end of WWII. During	The British Declaration of War - History Learning Site The British Declaration of War Citation: C N Trueman "The British Declaration of War" historylearningsite.co.uk. The History Learning Site, 31 Mar 2015. 16 Aug 2016. On August 4th 1914, Great Britain declared war on Germany. It was a decision that is seen as the start of World War One. Britain, led by Prime Minister Herbert Asquith, had given Germany an ultimatum to get out of Belgium by midnight of August 3rd. In fear of being surrounded by the might of Russia and France, Germany had put into being the Schlieffen Plan in response to the events that had occurred in Sarajevo in June 1914. By doing this, the German military hierarchy had doomed Belgium to an invasion. Belgium’s neutrality had been guaranteed by Great Britain as far back as 1839. Asquith had a very simple decision to make – but one that would have a cataclysmic impact on British society. He could either turn a blind eye to a war in mainland Europe that might have little impact on Britain if she stood as a neutral. Or the British public could see Asquith as the man who stood up to the perceived bullying of Germany and who stood for righteousness and decency. A future Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, described the scene in London in the hours that led to the declaration of war. “It was eleven o’clock at night – twelve by German time – when the ultimatum expired. The windows of the Admiralty were thrown wide open in the warm night air. Under the roof from which Nelson had received his orders were gathered a small group of admirals and captains and a cluster of clerks, pencils in hand, waiting. Along the Mall from the direction of the Palace the sound of an immense concourse singing ‘God save the King’ flouted in. On this deep wave there broke the chimes of Big Ben; and, as the first stroke of the hour boomed out, a rustle of movement swept across the room. The war telegram, which meant, “Commence hostilities against Germany”, was flashed to the ships and establishments under the White Ensign all over the world. I walked across the Horse Guards Parade to the Cabinet room and reported to the Prime Minister and the Ministers who were assembled there that the deed was done.” While Churchill seemed to indicate that there was a general expectation for war in Britain, records show that this may not have been reciprocated in Germany. Kaiser Wilhelm II said as it became clear that Germany planned to invade France: “With heavy heart I have been compelled to mobilise my army against a neighbour at whose side it has fought on many a battlefield. With genuine sorrow do I witness the end of a friendship, which Germany loyally cherished. We draw the sword with a clean conscience and clean hands.” His views seemed to be supported by the Chancellor Bethmann Hollweg when he addressed the Reichstag on the day war was declared: “Gentlemen, we are now in a state of necessity, and necessity knows no law! Our troops have occupied Luxemburg and perhaps are already on Belgium soil. Gentlemen, this is contrary to the dictates of international law. The wrong – I speak openly – that we are committing we will endeavour to make good as soon as our military goal has been reached. Anybody who is threatened, as we are threatened, and is fighting for his highest possessions can have only one thought – how he is to hack his way through.” However, the concerns about international law as expressed by the Chancellor, were not shared by the German public. They seemed, as with their counterparts in London and Paris, to be actively enthusiastic about war. It is said that Bethmann Hollweg referred the treaty between Britain and Belgium as a “scrap of paper”. However, some question whether this was a literal translation as no one knows whether he referred to the Anglo-Belgium Treaty in German or in English and whether what he actually said was lost in translation. On the surface what Bethmann Hollweg said seemed to be at odds with his declaration to the Reichstag that Germany was breaking international law. In Britain, when Asquith	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,582	Torch was the final code name for the 1942 Allied landings ……..where?	Operation Torch – History Wars Weapons About Operation Torch Operation Torch was the code-name for the Anglo-American invasion of North Africa. It took place on November 8, 1942, on the coasts of French Morocco and Algeria, during World War II. Although the British 8th Army, under the command of Bernard Montgomery, had been fighting against the German forces in North Africa, defeating Rommel’s Afrika Korps at the Battle of El Alamein, on November 5, 1942, Wiston Churchill proposed an Allied invasion on French North Africa which would relieve the 8th Army’s efforts, definitely clear the Axis Powers from North Africa, improve naval control of the Mediterranean Sea and prepare for an invasion of Southern Europe (Italy) in 1943, thus, opening the European second front the Soviets had been pressing for. To carry out Operation Torch, the Allied commanders planned a three-pronged amphibious landing to seize the key ports and airports of Morocco and Algeria simultaneously, targeting Casablanca, Oran and Algiers. Successful completion of these operations was to be followed by an advance eastwards into Tunisia. Summary of Operation Torch The British-American invasion of North Africa was conducted by three task forces: 1) the Western Task Force, which was aimed at Casablanca, consisted of the US 2nd Armored Division, the US 3rd and 9th Infantry Divisions, totalling 35,000 troops in all, with Major General George Patton in command and Rear Admiral Henry K. Hewitt heading the naval operations; 2) the Center Task Force, aimed at Oran, Morocco, included the US 509th Parachute Infantry Regiment, US 1st Infantry Division, and the US 1st Armored Division (18,500 troops), commanded by Major General Lloyd Fredendall, and the naval forces being commanded by Commodore Thomas Troubridge; 3) the Eastern Task force, aimed at Algiers, Algeria, was commanded by Lieutenant-General Kenneth Anderson and consisted of two brigades from British 78th and the US 34th Infantry Divisions and two British Commando units—No.1 and No. 6 Commandos, totalling 20,000 troops. On 8 November 1942, the Western Task Force landed before daybreak at three points in Morocco: Safi (Operation Blackstone), Fedala (Operation Brushwood the largest landing with 19,000 men), and Mehdiya-Port Lyautey (Operation Goalpost). Because it was hoped that the French would not resist, there were no preliminary bombardments. This proved to be a costly error as French defenses took a toll of American landing forces. After two days of heavy fighting, on November 10, Patton was able to land at 08:00 hours. Then, the Americans proceeded to surround the port of Casablanca and the city surrendered an hour before the final assault was due to take place. The Center Task Force was split between three beaches, two west of Oran and one east. The US 1st Ranger Battalion landed east of Oran and quickly captured the shore battery at Arzew. French batteries and the invasion fleet exchanged fire throughout 8 November and 9 November, with French troops defending Oran and the surrounding area stubbornly. Heavy fire from the British battleships brought about the surrender on 9 November. The US 34th Infantry Division, reinforced with one brigade of the British 78th, spearheaded the Eastern Task Force, landing in Algeria on November 8. The landings were split between three beaches —two west of Algiers and one east. The only fighting took place in the port of Algiers itself, where in Operation Terminal two British destroyers attempted to land a party of US Rangers directly onto the dock, in order to prevent the French destroying the port facilities and scuttling their ships. Heavy artillery fire prevented one destroyer from landing but the other was able to debark 250 Rangers. Meanwhile the 34th Infantry Division troops pushed quickly inland and General Juin surrendered the city to the Allies at 18:00 hours.	countries involved in World War Two countries involved in World War Two Map with the Participants in World War II: Dark Green: Allies before the attack on Pearl Harbour Light Green: Allied countries that entered the war after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour. Orange: Axis Powers World War II was primarily fought between two large alliances. The Axis Powers were a group of countries led by Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan, and are considered the aggressors of the conflict. The Allies, led by the United Kingdom and, until its defeat, France, were joined in the European theatre by the Soviet Union in June 1941 and by the United States in December 1941. In the Asia-Pacific theatre, the Allies were led by the Republic of China from the invasion of China by Japan in 1937 and then joined by the United States in 1941 after the attack on Pearl Harbour. The Axis Originally founded on the concept of the Rome-Berlin-axis (the Pact of Steel), later the Tripartite Pact, the Axis was not primarily a formal alliance. Each of the major countries went to war on their own initiative (Nazi Germany in 1939, Italy in 1940, and Japan in 1937 against China and 1941 against USA), and not necessarily to assist each other. There was little sharing of technology or resources, and also little in the way of cooperative strategic planning between the major Axis Powers. With the demise of Italy, Germany and Japan each functioned as wholly separate powers, each conducting the war in their theatre (Germany in Europe and Japan in the Pacific). There were a number of smaller powers on the side of the Axis, although for the most part the war effort was directed and powered by Germany and Japan. The Allies Like the Axis, the Allies were not a fully cohesive alliance. The original Allied countries, bound by their commitment to the security of Poland, were led by the United Kingdom and France. As other countries were invaded by Nazi Germany, they were added to the Allied ranks. The fall of France left the United Kingdom as the sole remaining major country of the Allies. Most of the remainder consisted of the British Commonwealth and forces commanded by various governments-in-exile. While the European war did not officially start until the 1939 invasion of Poland by Germany and the Soviet Union, the war began much earlier in Asia and Africa with the Italian invasion of Ethiopia in 1936 and the Japanese invasion of China in 1937. Subsequently, with the war spreading to Europe and the Pacific Ocean, China, with one-third of the country under occupation, dispatched its forces to help the British defend India against Japan and recapture Burma (now Myanmar) in 1944. In 1941, with Nazi Germany's attack on the Soviet Union, the British accepted the Communist Soviet Union into their alliance. Previous to the attack, the United Kingdom was unsure of how to deal with the Soviet leadership, as it had been viewed as an aggressor against Britain's ally Poland, though Winston Churchill in 1939 said that the new Soviet-German border formed an anti-Nazi front,	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,583	What kingdom, led by Otto von Bismarck, united Germany under its leadership?	Otto von Bismarck (1815-1898) Otto von Bismarck (1815-1898) Prime minister of Prussia (1862-73, 1873-90) and founder and first chancellor (1871-90) of the German Empire. Once the empire was established, he actively and skillfully pursued pacific policies in foreign affairs, succeeding in preserving the peace in Europe for about two decades. But in domestic policies his patrimony was less benign, for he failed to rise above the authoritarian proclivities of the landed squirearchy to which he was born. Early years Bismarck was born at Schönhausen, in the Kingdom of Prussia. His father, Ferdinand von Bismarck-Schönhausen, was a Junker squire descended from a Swabian family that had ultimately settled as estate owners in Pomerania. Ferdinand was a typical member of the Prussian landowning elite. The family's economic circumstances were modestFerdinand's farming skills being perhaps less than averageand Bismarck was not to know real wealth until the rewards flowed in after the achievement of German unification. His mother, Wilhelmine Mencken, came from an educated bourgeois family that had produced a number of higher civil servants and academics. She had been married to Ferdinand von Bismarck at age 16 and found provincial life confining. When her son Otto was seven, she enrolled him in the progressive Plamann Institute in Berlin and moved to the capital to be near him. The young Bismarck resented exchanging an easy life in the country for a more circumscribed life in a large city, where in school he was pitted against the sons of Berlin's best-educated families. He spent five years at the school and went on to the Frederick William gymnasium for three years. He took his university entrance examination (Abitur) in 1832. With his mother's encouragement, he took up the study of law at the University of Göttingen in the kingdom of Hanover. Evidently Bismarck was a mediocre student who spent much of his time drinking with his comrades in an aristocratic fraternity. After a brief stint at the university in Berlin, he entered the Prussian civil service, where he was plagued by boredom and an inability to adhere to the hierarchical principles of the bureaucracy. His mother's death in 1839 gave him the opportunity of resigning in order to come to the assistance of his father, who was experiencing financial difficulties in the management of his estate. From 1839 to 1847 Bismarck lived the ordinary life of a Prussian country squire. Subsequently he romanticized these years on the land and wondered why he had abandoned an idyllic existence for the insecurities of a life in politics. This frequently expressed nostalgia may have been more guise than reality. During this period he met and married Johanna von Puttkamer, the daughter of a conservative aristocratic family famed for its devout pietism. While courting Johanna, Bismarck experienced a religious conversion that was to give him inner strength and security. A subsequent critic was to remark that Bismarck believed in a God who invariably agreed with him on all issues. There is no question that the marriage was a very happy one. In fact, Bismarck's last words before dying in 1898 expressed the wish that he would once again see Johanna, who had passed away some years earlier. His politics during the 1840s did not diverge substantially from those of a typical country squire. If anything, his politics were more conservative. He believed in a Christian state that received its sanction ultimately from the deity. The existing social and political order was to be defended in order to prevent a Hobbesian chaos of all against all. Given his views, Bismarck was welcomed as a member of the religious conservative circle around the brothers von Gerlach, who were stout defenders of the noble estate against the encroachments of bureaucratic centralization. Bismarck had nothing but sarcasm for aristocratic liberals who viewed England as a model for Prussia. In 1847 he attended the Prussian United Diet, where his speeches against Jewish emancipation and contemporary liberalism gained him the reputat	Frequently Asked Questions \| Britroyals Frequently Asked Questions When did the last British King fight in a battle? George II was the last British King to lead his army in person, during the War of the Austrian Succession, at the Battle of Dettingen in Bavaria, 27th June, 1743. The last English King to die in battle was Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field in Leicestershire on 22 August 1485 defeated by Henry Tudor who became Henry VII ending the Wars of the Roses between the Houses of York and Lancaster and starting the Tudor dynasty. The last British King to die in battle was James IV of Scotland killed at the Battle of Flodden Field in Northumberland on 9 September 1513 when the Scots invaded England hoping to take advantage of Henry VIII's absence in France, but were defeated by English forces under Thomas Howard, Earl of Surrey. How far back can the British Royal Family trace their roots? Is Queen Elizabeth II really directly descended from Alfred the Great? She is the 32nd great granddaughter of King Alfred who 1,140 years ago was the first effective King of England. He ruled from 871 to 899. I thought that American Independence was in 1776. Why is it quoted as 1783? The Continental Congress of the 13 American colonies declared independence in 1776. However, the war continued and independence from Britain was not achieved until the Treaty of Paris in 1783. Was George III really mad? For most of his reign King George III was an astute king and politician with a strong sense of duty. Later in his reign he suffered from recurrent and eventually permanent mental illness. This baffled medical science at the time, although it is now generally thought that he suffered from the inherited blood disease porphyria. He suffered his first attack in 1788 and by 1810 was unfit to rule. In 1811 his son George, Prince of Wales, became Regent for 9 years until his father died in 1820. Who would now be King or Queen if Edward VIII had not abdicated? Edward VIII abdicated in 1936 less than a year after becoming King to marry Wallis Simpson. His younger brother Bertie became King George VI and was the father of the present Queen Elizabeth II . He died in 1952, and Edward who had no children died in 1972. So even if Edward had not abdicated Elizabeth would now be Queen. She would have come to the throne in 1972 instead of 1952. Why did Edward VIII have to give up the throne to marry a divorcee but Prince Charles is still in line to the throne? Royals who are divorced or marry divorcees do not lose their position in the line of succession. Edward VIII had a number of affairs with married women including Wallis Simpson who was already divorced and still married to her second husband. His parents King George V and Queen Mary did not approve and refused to meet her. When George V died Prime Minister Baldwin made it clear that the Government, popular opinion in the country and the oversees Dominions (now the Commonwealth nations) did not approve of his plans to marry Wallis. Social attitudes towards divorce and a women looking for a third marriage were considered scandalous at the time, and if Edward married against the advice of his Ministers it would have caused the Government to resign and a constitutional crisis. Edward chose to	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,584	Risotto is usually made with which type of rice?	Beyond Arborio: Discovering the " Other" Risotto Rices Beyond Arborio: Discovering the 'Other' Risotto Rices Experiment with these varieties to find your favorite by Jennifer Armentrout The luxurious, creamy texture of a good risotto depends on using the right kind of rice. Italians have several varieties of risotto rice from which to choose, but in North America our selection tends to be limited. Here, the most familiar and widely available risotto rice is arborio, but other equally good (some say better) varieties, like carnaroli, vialone nano, baldo, and Calriso, are becoming easier to find. If you like to make risotto, you might find a new favorite by experimenting with these other varieties. All risotto rices have a couple of things in common. They have plump, medium to short grains and, more important, they all have a high proportion of amylopectin, a type of sticky starch that's responsible for the trademark creamy texture of risotto. In contrast, long-grain rices, like basmati or Carolina rice, have a higher proportion of the less-sticky starch called amylose. This starch causes long-grain rices to cook up light and separate, which is why these rices don't work well in risotto. While similar on the macro level, the five risotto rices mentioned above vary in size and overall starch composition. When cooked, these variations translate into subtle, yet discernible, differences in the finished risotto. Arborio: The most widely available risotto rice, arborio is typically wider and longer than carnaroli or vialone nano. It's not as starchy and it absorbs liquid a little less well. Available in most supermarkets. Baldo: A relatively new variety, baldo is most comparable to arborio in shape and starchiness. It's the quickest cooking of the risotto rices. Available in specialty shops and from Kalustyans . Calriso: A hybrid of Italian and California rice varieties, Calriso is also quite similar to arborio in cooking characteristics, though it expands a bit more. Calriso is a trademarked brand name. Available in specialty shops, and Whole Foods stores. Carnaroli: Variously hailed as the "king" or the "caviar" of Italian rices, carnaroli is the preferred risotto rice in most regions of Italy except the Veneto. It's said to produce the creamiest risotto, yet it's more resistant to overcooking than arborio. Available in specialty shops, some supermarkets, and from Formaggio Kitchen . Vialone nano: The preferred rice of the Veneto region, vialone nano can absorb twice its weight in liquid. With a starch content almost as high as carnaroli's, it also produces a very creamy risotto. Available in specialty shops and from www.chefshop.com . Photo: Scott Phillips	Plants life form - Vietnam Plant Data Center - BVNGroup Partial rosette plants: both stem and basal rosette leaves Rosette plants: only basal rosette leaves Cryptophytes Below ground or under water - with resting buds lying either beneath the surface of the ground as a rhizome, bulb, corm, etc., or a resting bud submerged under water. Cryptophytes are divided into 3 groups: Geophytes: Resting in dry ground, e.g. crocus, tulip. May be further subdivided into rhizome, stem-tuber, root-tuber, bulb and root geophytes. Helophytes: Resting in marshy ground, e.g. reedmace, marsh-marigold. A helophyte or limnodophyte is the phytosociologic definition of a biennial or herbaceous plant of which only the buds survive a harsh period, such as winter, e.g. sweet flag (Acorus calamus) or bulrush (Typha sp.). Many helophytes can also be termed hydrophytes or aquatic plants, e.g. common duckweed (Lemna minor), eelgrass (Zostera sp.), and water soldiers (Stratiotes sp.), or geophytes, e.g. the yellow flag (Iris pseudacorus). Hydrophytes: Resting by being submerged under water, e.g. water-lily, frogbit. Aquatic plants - also called hydrophytic plants or hydrophytes - are plants that have adapted to living in or on aquatic environments. Because living on or under water surface requires numerous special adaptations, aquatic plants can only grow in water or permanently saturated soil. Aquatic vascular plants can be ferns or angiosperms (from a variety of families, including among the monocots and dicots). Seaweeds are not vascular plants but multicellular marine algae, and therefore not typically included in the category of aquatic plants. As opposed to plants types such as mesophytes and xerophytes, hydrophytes do not have a problem in retaining water due to the abundance of water in its environment. This means the plant has less need to regulate transpiration (indeed, the regulation of transpiration would require more energy than the possible benefits incurred) Therophytes Annual plants which survive the unfavourable season in the form of seeds and complete their life-cycle during favourable seasons. Annual species are therophytes. Many desert plants are by necessity therophytes. Aerophytes New addition to the Raunkiaer lifeform classification. Plant that obtains moisture (though not through haustoria) and nutrients from the air and rain; usually grows on other plants but not parasitic on them. Epiphytes see Phanerophytes above. It is a plant that grows upon another plant (such as a tree) non-parasitically or sometimes upon some other object (such as a building or a telegraph wire), derives its moisture and nutrients from the air and rain and sometimes from debris accumulating around it, and is found in the temperate zone (as many mosses, liverworts, lichens and algae) and in the tropics (as many ferns, cacti, orchids, and bromeliads) - called also air plants." Epiphyte is one of the subdivisions of the Raunkiær system. The term most commonly refers to higher plants, but epiphytic bacteria, fungi (epiphytic fungi), algae, lichens, mosses, and ferns exist as well. The term epiphytic derives from the Greek epi- (meaning 'upon') and phyton (meaning 'plant'). Epiphytic plants are sometimes called "air plants" because they do not root in soil. However, there are many aquatic species of algae, including seaweeds, that are epiphytes on other aquatic plants (seaweeds or aquatic angiosperms). Epiphytic organisms usually derive only physical support and not nutrition from their host, though they may sometimes damage the host. Parasitic and semiparasitic plants growing on other plants (mistletoe is well known) are not "true" epiphytes (a designation usually given to fully autotrophic epiphytes), but are still epiphytic in habit. Epiphytic plants use photosynthesis for energy and (where non-aquatic) obtain moisture from the air or from dampness (rain and cloud moisture) on the surface of their hosts. Roots may develop primarily for attachment, and specialized structures (for example, cups and scales) may be used to collect or hold moisture. Epiphytic	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,585	Which legend of the British pop world died on March the 8th 2016?	People we lost in 2016 People we lost in 2016 Updated 7:21 AM ET, Mon October 24, 2016 Chat with us in Facebook Messenger. Find out what's happening in the world as it unfolds. Photos: People we lost in 2016 Hide Caption 1 of 119 Photos: People we lost in 2016 Debbie Reynolds , one of Hollywood's biggest stars in the 1950s and 1960s, died December 28, one day after her daughter, actress Carrie Fisher, passed away. She was 84. Hide Caption 2 of 119 Photos: People we lost in 2016 Actress Carrie Fisher , best known for her role as Princess Leia in the "Star Wars" franchises, died December 27, according to her daughter's publicist. Fisher had suffered a cardiac event on December 23. She was 60 years old. Hide Caption 3 of 119 Photos: People we lost in 2016 Actor and comedian Ricky Harris , who was a regular on the TV sitcom "Everybody Hates Chris" and first gained attention on HBO's "Def Comedy Jam," died December 26, according to his publicist. He was 54. Hide Caption 4 of 119 Photos: People we lost in 2016 Singer George Michael , who shot to fame with the '80s band Wham!, died on Christmas Day, according to Britain's Press Association. He was 53 years old. Hide Caption 5 of 119 Photos: People we lost in 2016 English novelist Richard Adams , author of the famous children's book "Watership Down," died at the age of 96 on December 24. Hide Caption 6 of 119 Photos: People we lost in 2016 Zsa Zsa Gabor , the Hungarian beauty whose many marriages, gossipy adventures and occasional legal scuffles kept her in tabloid headlines for decades, died December 18, said her former longtime publicist Ed Lozzi. She was 99. Hide Caption 7 of 119 Photos: People we lost in 2016 Craig Sager , the longtime Turner Sports sideline reporter best known for his colorful -- and at times fluorescent -- wardrobe, died December 15 after battling acute myeloid leukemia, the network said. He was 65. Hide Caption 8 of 119 Photos: People we lost in 2016 Actor Alan Thicke , known for his role as the father in the sitcom "Growing Pains," died on December 13, according to his agent, Tracy Mapes. He was 69. Thicke's career spanned five decades -- one in which he played various roles on and off screen, from actor to writer to composer to author. Hide Caption 9 of 119 Photos: People we lost in 2016 John Glenn, the first American to orbit the Earth, died December 8, according to the Ohio State University. He was 95. Hide Caption 10 of 119 Photos: People we lost in 2016 Joseph Mascolo , the actor who portrayed archvillain Stefano DiMera in the NBC soap opera "Days of Our Lives," died December 7 after a battle with Alzheimer's disease, the network said. He was 87. Hide Caption 11 of 119 Photos: People we lost in 2016 Greg Lake , a founding member of influential progressive rock group Emerson, Lake & Palmer, died December 7 after a bout with cancer, his manager said. He's seen here at left with bandmates Keith Emerson, center, and Carl Palmer in 1972. Hide Caption 12 of 119 Photos: People we lost in 2016 Actor Ron Glass , known for his role on the police sitcom "Barney Miller," died November 25, his agent said. Glass also starred in "Firefly" and its film sequel "Serenity." Hide Caption 13 of 119 Photos: People we lost in 2016 Florence Henderson , whose "Brady Bunch" character Carol Brady was one of television's most famous mothers, died November 24 at the age of 82, her manager, Kayla Pressman, said. Hide Caption 14 of 119 Photos: People we lost in 2016 Sharon Jones , the powerful lead singer of the Dap-Kings, died November 18 after a battle with pancreatic cancer, manager Alex Kadvan told CNN. She was 60. Hide Caption 15 of 119 Photos: People we lost in 2016 Gwen Ifill , the veteran journalist and newscaster who co-anchored "PBS NewsHour," died after a battle with endometrial cancer, according to PBS on November 14. She was 61. Hide Caption 16 of 119 Photos: People we lost in 2016 Leon Russell , who emerged as a rock 'n' roll star in the 1970s after working behind the scenes as a session pianist for other musicians, died November 13, his wife told CNN. He was 74. Hi	July in London 2016 \| London Events 2016 \| LondonTown.com July in London 2016 © Hamish Brown The Royal Academy of Arts displays intimate portraits by David Hockney, Florence and the Machine, Take That and Beyonce perform live, and the Museum of London marks the 350th anniversary of the Great Fire of London in July 2016. The trip hop pioneers perform against LED screens set up by longtime collaborators United Visual Artists. Massive Attack Hyde Park, Rangers Lodge London, W2 2UH Concerts Hyde Park, Rangers Lodge, London, W2 2UH Enlarge Close The reformed trip hop duo, who originally started in Bristol in 1988, perform a provocative audio-visual show as part of British Summer Time at Hyde Park . Innovative Bristolian pioneers Massive Attack - Robert '3D' Del Naja and Grant 'Daddy G' Marshall - renowned for fusing together a wide range of styles, from punk to reggae to R&B, continues to win fans with their latest EP, Ritual Spirit, and a recent sold-out tour. The Hyde Park gig has been designed by Robert Del Naja and longtime collaborators United Visual Artists who wire up the band's trademark LED screens flashing up facts, figures and headlines. Support comes from special guests Patti Smith, TV On The Radio, Warpaint and Ghostpoet. Anthony Neilson returns to the Royal Court Theatre, creating a play in the rehearsal room. Unreachable Royal Court Theatre, Sloane Square London, SW1W 8AS Theatre Royal Court Theatre, Sloane Square, London, SW1W 8AS Dates: 01st July - 06th August 2016 Enlarge Close Known for his pioneering and imaginative work, Anthony Neilson returns to the Royal Court Theatre in 2016 with Unreachable , a play about a film director on an obsessive quest to capture the perfect light. We can't say anymore than that at the moment as the play will be created in the rehearsal room, with a cast of actors to be announced. Barclaycard presents British Summer Time Hyde Park Hyde Park, Rangers Lodge London, W2 2UH Concerts Hyde Park, Rangers Lodge, Hyde Park, London, W2 2UH Dates: 30th Jun to 6th Jul 2017 Enlarge Close British Summer Time Hyde Park is back for a fourth year in 2016 with another impressive line-up. This year will see Florence & the Machine , Kendrick Lamar, Jamie XX share the bill while Mumford & Sons and Take That headline on Friday 8th and Saturday 9th July. Now a firm fixture for summer in London, the extravaganza features live music, comedy acts and film screenings and a mini village of cafes, bistros and independent food stalls, themed pubs and cocktail bars across Hyde Park. Themed zones, each with its own installations and refreshments, provide laid back entertainment from Monday to Thursday while big name bands pump out the hits on the weekends. David Hockney RA: 79 Portraits and 2 Still Lifes Celia Birtwell and Barry Humphries are among Hockney's portraits of friends and art world figures. David Hockney RA: 79 Portraits and 2 Still Lifes Royal Academy of Arts, Burlington House London, W1J 0BD Exhibitions Royal Academy of Arts, Burlington House, London, W1J 0BD Dates: 02nd July - 02nd October 2016 Enlarge Close In 2012 David Hockney's A Bigger Picture filled the Royal Academy of Arts with vast landscapes in the year London hosted the Olympics. Now, a mere four years later, those "overblown" (Evening Standard) landscapes have been set aside for more intimate portraits. Hockney, who once said he prefers to only paint people he knows, has been working on a series of portraits of friends and art world figures since 2013, all of whom sit in the same chair against the same backdrop, painting over the course of three days. Around 70 of these new equal-sized portraits are displayed including fashion designer Celia Birtwell, Dame Edna Everage's alter ego Barry Humphries, the Californian artist John Baldessari and Hockney's older sister Margaret. Florence & The Machine, Kendrick Lamar, Jamie XX Hyde Park, Rangers Lodge London, W2 2UH Concerts Hyde Park, Rangers Lodge, London, W2 2UH Enlarge Close They've headlined at Glastonbury, won at the BRITs, had huge success with 2009 debut	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,586	Which football team have recently been crowned Portuguese League Champions?	Football's top club competition - UEFA Champions League - News - UEFA.com TagName:UCL.HISTORY.INDEX Football's top club competition Although it was launched soon after UEFA's first Congress, held in Vienna on 2 March 1955, the European Champion Clubs' Cup was not a UEFA initiative. Real Madrid players pose after their 11th win in 2016 ©AFP/Getty Images Football's top club competition Although it was launched soon after UEFA's first Congress, held in Vienna on 2 March 1955, the European Champion Clubs' Cup was not a UEFA initiative. Read more Football's premier club competition, the European Champion Clubs' Cup was launched soon after UEFA's first Congress, held in Vienna on 2 March 1955, yet the competition was not a UEFA initiative. Whereas many of UEFA's founder members were more interested in establishing a national team competition, the French sports daily L'Equipe and its then-editor Gabriel Hanot were championing the cause for a Europe-wide club competition. Hanot, together with colleague Jacques Ferran, designed a blueprint for a challenge tournament to be played on Wednesdays under floodlights. ©Getty Images Madrid won the first five editions The tournament initiated by L'Equipe did not stipulate that the participating teams had to be champions of their country, but they invited clubs who they considered had the most fan appeal. Representatives of 16 sides were invited to meetings on 2 and 3 April 1955, and the L'Equipe rules were unanimously approved. UEFA – which had been founded in June 1954 – reacted by contacting the world body FIFA, and the latter's Executive Committee, meeting in London on 8 May 1955, authorised the new club competition under the condition that it was organised by UEFA and that the national associations concerned gave their consent to their clubs taking part. UEFA's Executive Committee accepted the conditions laid down by FIFA and agreed to run the competition at its meeting on 21 June 1955. The first European Champion Clubs' Cup fixture was played in Lisbon as SC Portugal were held to a 3-3 draw by Partizan. The Yugoslavian side won the return leg in Belgrade 5-2 to advance to the next round. Real Madrid immediately made the tournament their own by winning the first five finals. Since then, other clubs have also enjoyed fruitful runs in the competition with Ajax and Bayern München both completing three consecutive victories. However, no one club has been able to claim long-term domination. Ajax waited 22 years to add a fourth title to the hat-trick obtained in the early 1970s; Madrid's triumph in 1998 was their first in 32 years; and Bayern's penalty shoot-out success in Milan in 2001 ended a 26-year quest for their fourth crown. Liverpool's four victories between 1977 and 1984 deserve a mention as the English club landed the prize with essentially different teams. The Reds' European pedigree also shone in 2005 when they battled back from 3-0 down to pip AC Milan on penalties in one of the competition's most exciting finals. ©Getty Images Milan triumphed in 2003 Real Madrid, Milan and FC Barcelona have been the most successful sides in the UEFA Champions League era, the Spanish pair lifting the trophy four times apiece and the Rossoneri three. Madrid are also the most successful club overall with 11 triumphs, followed by seven for Milan, five for Barcelona, Bayern and Liverpool, then four for Ajax. Moreover, Madrid hold the record for final appearances with 13. Milan's 2002/03 triumph came after a marathon 19 games from third qualifying round all the way to penalty shoot-out success over Juventus in the final. The major turning point in the tournament's evolution had come in the 1992/93 season when the UEFA Champions League, involving a group stage in addition to the traditional knockout elements, was officially inaugurated after a pilot round robin during the previous campaign. The popularity of the group phase means the competition has grown from eight to 32 teams with matches held on Tuesdays and Wednesdays across Europe. ©UEFA.com 1998-2017. All rights reserved. http://www.uefa.com/u	Men’s PFA Players’ Player of the Year: Nominees - News - The PFA Men’s PFA Players’ Player of the Year: Nominees ThePFA.com 16/04/2015 17:04:00 We take a closer look at the nominees for the PFA Players' Player of the Year … DIEGO COSTA PFA Players’ Player of the Year Nominee: Diego Costa Club: Chelsea FC National Team: Spain DOB: 7/10/1988 Diego Costa arrived at Stamford Bridge with a big reputation and has more than justified Chelsea’s extensive efforts to secure his signature. Costa is strong and his robust style is certainly suited to the rigours of the Premier League. He made a great start to the season, scoring seven goals from his first four games and was voted the PFA Fans’ Player of the Month in August. The 26-year-old scored 64 goals in 134 appearances during his spell with Atletico Madrid. At Chelsea Costa has been finding the net at a rate approaching a goal a game, as he sets his sights on adding a Barclays Premier League title to the La Liga crown he won with the Madrid club in 2014. DAVID DE GEA PFA Players’ Player of the Year Nominee: David de Gea Club: Manchester United FC National Team: Spain DOB: 7/11/1990 David de Gea’s journey in the Barclays Premier League is a great example of how world-class talent still requires determination, self-belief, hard-work and resilience. Having joined Manchester United in 2011 for a record British fee for a goalkeeper of £17.8m, the expectation on de Gea was huge. It was widely accepted that the Spaniard was a word-class shot-stopper, but his ability to adapt to the physicality of the English game wasn’t always such a given. After a testing start to his Old Trafford career, de Gea is now arguably United’s key player and is regarded as one of the best goalkeepers on the planet. As we approach the climax of the 2014/15 campaign it is probably a fair assessment to say that Manchester United still remain a team in transition, but under the stewardship of Dutchman Louis Van Gaal, the Red Devils are looking stronger with every game. Whilst earlier in the season some of the Old Trafford faithful were frustrated with the manner of the team’s performances, the three-times European champions still managed to grind out results and this was in no small part due to the brilliance of de Gea. The United goalkeeper at times has looked unbeatable, consistently producing match-winning saves at pivotal moments. In November this resulted in the Spanish international being voted the PFA Fans’ Player of the Month. PHILIPPE COUTINHO PFA Players’ Player of the Year Nominee: Philippe Coutinho Club: Liverpool FC National Team: Brazil DOB: 12/6/1992 There have been a number of stand-out performers in a resurgent Liverpool side this season and few deserve greater plaudits than the young Brazilian. Philippe Coutinho has been an inspiration in a floating midfield role which allows him to exert his influence over games, utilising his pace, poise and deftness of touch. A product of the Vasco da Gama academy, Coutinho continues to show maturity beyond his 22 years. Liverpool manager Brendan Rodgers is excited by the prospect of his future potential, stating: "He is certainly going to be up there, there is no doubt about that. He has played very well. If he continues to progress the way he has, he will be a world class talent.” EDEN HAZARD National Team: Belgium DOB: 7/1/1991 It is the second year in a row that Eden Hazard has been nominated for both PFA Player’s Player of the Year and PFA Young Player of the year. Signed from Lille in 2012 for a fee reported to be around £32m, Hazard had already won the UNFP Ligue 1 Player of the Year in consecutive seasons. In 2011/12 he became the youngest player to win the award, then in the following season he then repeated the feat, an achievement only matched by former Paris Saint-Germain striker Pauleta. Hazard is the current holder of the PFA Young Player of the Year award and has been an inspirational figure in Chelsea’s pursuit of the Barclays Premier League title. Whilst Jose Mourinho has imposed his characteristic steel and a resolve onto the West London cl	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,587	What is the nickname of the Beijing National Stadium?	Beijing National Stadium - Beijing Concert Venues Guide and Tickets Beijing National Stadium Reviews : Beijing National Stadium, also colloquially as Bird's Nest (Chinese Name : 国家体育场; 鸟巢), This huge stadium was designed for use throughout the 2008 Summer Olympics and Paralympics. Located in the Olympic Green, the US$423 million stadium is the world's largest steel structure. The stadium's design originally called for a capacity of 100,000 people; however 9,000 were removed during a simplification of the design. nowadays, the National Stadium host the large-scale sports tournament, concerts and otherwise after the Olympics. What's on Stage	CRICKET PLAYERS & NICKNAMES ... endless! by Chinaroad Australia's 1948 tour of England ï¿½ The Invincibles Australian national cricket team ï¿½ Baggy Greens Bangladeshi national cricket team ï¿½ The Tigers Canadian national cricket team ï¿½ One Man Band New Zealand national cricket team ï¿½ The Black Caps, The Kiwis South African national cricket team ï¿½ The Proteas West Indian national cricket team ï¿½ The Windies, The Calypsos Indian national cricket team ï¿½ The Men in Blue Pakistani national cricket teamï¿½ The Stars Officials, umpires and commentators Harold Bird ï¿½ Dickie Bird Henry Blofeld ï¿½ Blowers Brent Bowden ï¿½ Billy Steve Bucknor ï¿½ Slow Death Bill Ferguson ï¿½ Fergie Bill Frindall ï¿½ The Bearded Wonder Brian Johnston ï¿½ Johnners Christopher Martin-Jenkins ï¿½ CMJ Don Mosey ï¿½ The Alderman David Shepherd ï¿½ Shep Bryan Waddle ï¿½ Wads Players Bobby Abel ï¿½ The Guv'nor Jimmy Adams ï¿½ Padams Paul Adams ï¿½ Gogga ("insect" in Afrikaans), A frog in a blender (for his unusual bowling action) Ajit Agarkar ï¿½ Bombay Duck (for his horror streak of ducks against Australia) Jonathan Agnew ï¿½ Aggers Shoaib Akhtar ï¿½ Rawalpindi Express Wasim Akram ï¿½ Prince of Pakistan, Was, Sultan of Swing Terry Alderman ï¿½ Clem (after Clem Jones, mayor of Brisbane, curator of Gabba and an alderman) Mark Alleyne ï¿½ BooBoo Mohinder Amarnath ï¿½ Jimmy, Amarnought Surinder Amarnath ï¿½ Tommy Warwick Armstrong ï¿½ the Big Ship Jason Arnberger ï¿½ Cheesy Geoff Arnold ï¿½ Horse Shahid Afridi ï¿½ The Boom Michael Atherton ï¿½ Athers B Trevor Bailey ï¿½ The Boil, Barnacle Omari Banks ï¿½ Bankie, Cowheb Richie Benaud ï¿½ Diamonds Tino Best ï¿½ The Best, Ntini Michael Bevan ï¿½ Bevvo Andrew Bichel ï¿½ Bic Jack Blackham ï¿½ Black Jack David Boon ï¿½ Boonie, Keg on Legs, Stumpy Allan Border ï¿½ A.B., Captain Grumpy Ian Botham ï¿½ Beefy,The Both,Guy Mark Boucher ï¿½ Guinness, Billy Nicky Boje ï¿½ Bodge Nathan Bracken ï¿½ Bracks Don Bradman ï¿½ The Don Ian Bell ï¿½ Belly, the team baby C Andy Caddick ï¿½ Caddyshack Chris Cairns ï¿½ B.A. (Bad Attitude) Shivnarine Chanderpaul ï¿½ Tiger Ian Chappell ï¿½ Chapelli Ewen Chatfield ï¿½ Chats, Farmer (Mer) or The Naenae Express Stuart Clark ï¿½ Sarfraz, Stu Michael Clarke ï¿½ Pup Paul Collingwood ï¿½ Nice Ginger, Colly Herbie Collins ï¿½ Horseshoe Corey Collymore ï¿½ Screw Jeremy Coney ï¿½ Mantis Colin Cowdrey ï¿½ Kipper Jeff Crowe ï¿½ Chopper Martin Crowe ï¿½ Hogan D Adam Dale ï¿½ Chipper Joe Darling ï¿½ Paddy Phillip DeFreitas ï¿½ Half-Chocolate, Daffy Aravinda de Silva ï¿½ Mad Max Fanie de Villiers ï¿½ Vinnige Fanie ("Fast Fanie" in Afrikaans) Kapil Dev ï¿½ The Haryana Express Mahendra Singh Dhoni ï¿½ Mahi Graham Dilley ï¿½ Pica Boeta Dippenaar ï¿½ Dipps Allan Donald ï¿½ White Lightning Brett Dorey ï¿½ Hunky, John J.W.H.T. Douglas ï¿½ Johnny Won't Hit Today Rahul Dravid ï¿½ Jammy, The Wall E Bruce Edgar ï¿½ Bootsy F Damien Fleming ï¿½ Flemo Stephen Fleming ï¿½ Flange Duncan Fletcher ï¿½ Fletch Keith Fletcher ï¿½ The Gnome of Essex Andrew Flintoff ï¿½ Freddy, Twiggy, Fred, family man James Foster ï¿½ The Child Graeme Fowler ï¿½ Foxy C. B. Fry ï¿½ Lord Oxford, Charles III, Almighty G Saurav Ganguly ï¿½ Maharaj, Prince of Calcutta, Dada, Bengal Tiger Joel Garner ï¿½ Big Bird Sunil Gavaskar ï¿½ Sunny, The Little Master Chris Gayle ï¿½ Cramps, Crampy Herschelle Gibbs ï¿½ Scooter, The Sack Man Adam Gilchrist ï¿½ Churchy, Gilly, The Demolition Man Ashley Giles ï¿½ Ash, the King of Spain Jason Gillespie ï¿½ Dizzy Darren Gough ï¿½ Rhino, Goughy, the Dazzler, Dancing Darren E. M. Grace ï¿½ The Coroner W.G. Grace ï¿½ The Doctor Mark Greatbatch ï¿½ Paddy Clarrie Grimmett ï¿½ The Old Fox, Grum Subhash Gupte ï¿½ Fergie H Brad Haddin ï¿½ BJ, Harry, Guildo Richard Hadlee ï¿½ Paddles Andrew Hall ï¿½ Brosh, Merv, Hally Stephen Harmison ï¿½ Harmy (or Harmi), Tinker, GBH (Grievous Bodily Harmison) Chris Harris ï¿½ Harry, Lugs Ian Harvey ï¿½ Freak Nathan Hauritz ï¿½ Horry Matthew Hayden ï¿½ Haydos, Unit	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,588	In which London Park is 'Rotten Row'?	Rotten Row - Review of Hyde Park, London, England - TripAdvisor Review of Hyde Park Rangers Lodge, London W2 2UH, England +44 20 7298 2100 More attraction details Attraction details Owner description: Once the hunting ground for Henry VIII, this large royal park is best known for its famous Speakers' Corner, where people speak their minds; Rotton Row, a famous horse-riding area; and Serpentine Lake, home to waterfowl and oarsmen. There are newer reviews for this attraction “Rotten Row” Reviewed January 18, 2012 Massive Park - full of grass and trees and that kind of thing. Also a big rowing lake called the Serpentine - where mad people swim on Christmas Day in the freezing cold. Horses on Rotten Row it is still a place to show off and be seen, just like the 'olden days'. Sadly though, Speakers Corner should probably be renamed Squeakers Corner these days!! Helpful? Ask EssexWanderer about Hyde Park This review is the subjective opinion of a TripAdvisor member and not of TripAdvisor LLC. 11,852 reviews from our community Visitor rating “Visited for Hard Rock Calling” Reviewed January 18, 2012 Its difficult to believe this lushious green park can be found in the centre of our capital - lovely for a walk around. Helpful? Ask JPea8 about Hyde Park This review is the subjective opinion of a TripAdvisor member and not of TripAdvisor LLC. Luke242 “Excellent Park - I mean it's Hyde Park!!!” Reviewed January 14, 2012 Hyde Park, simply brilliant! Great Park, large, many things to do, free gallery (the Serpentine) and quite pleasant to me! If there is any negatives though, I would say sometimes it can be too busy with people running and it is like being in the middle of the road, yelling at me to be out of the way, which was a bit off putting! Also much construction/engineering works taking place near Kensington Palace is quite depressing, so may not re-open until late spring 2012 due to the olympics, I have heard. Recommended. Ask Luke242 about Hyde Park This review is the subjective opinion of a TripAdvisor member and not of TripAdvisor LLC. paulwilkinson “Winter Wonderland and Ice Skating” Reviewed January 13, 2012 Basically a german christmas market on steroids. A huge number of rides, shops, stalls and food and drink outlets. Food was the usual overpriced stuff, but the beer was more reasonably priced than I was expecting. There was a great selection of rides including an impressive rollercoaster and a big tower although they were quite expensive per go. All the rides required tokens which could be bought in lots of places and were a pound each. The ice rink was built around the bandstand and was huge. Live music was provided for about half of the session and the band were pretty good. Skates were the usual uncomfortable plastic ones. Plenty of help and support from the ice marshalls for those who were less confident on the ice. Visited December 2011	Bassenthwaite Lake. Links Bassenthwaite Lake Bassenthwaite Lake, dominated by the looming bulk of Skiddaw and northernmost of the lakes, is four miles long and is the fourth largest area of water in the Lake District National Park. Motorised boats are prohibited although yachts are allowed, which add to its captivating ambience of peace and tranquility. An extremely rare fish, the vendace, can be found at Bassenthwaite, the only other place this species is to be found is at Derwentwater. Left- Bassenthwaite Lake with Skiddaw rising beyond Right- The Lake from Whinlatter Forest Park The lake is owned by the Lake District National Park Authority, and is a National Nature Reserve. The lake is one of the best places for birdwatching in the Lake District, more than seventy different species of birds breed on or around the lake, including great crested grebe, common sandpiper, reed warbler and of course the ospreys. Derwentwater and Bassenthwaite Lake were once one large lake, but were split by silt from the fells during the tumultuous storms which followed the Ice Ages. There is a public footpath along the length of the west shore. Bassenthwaite is said to be the setting described by the poet Tennyson in his 'Idylls of the King'. There is no access to the east shore accept at Mirehouse . Spectacular views of Bassenthwaite Lake may be had from Skiddaw. The lake has now been appointed a National Nature Reserve and hosts a wide variety of wildlife as well as being home to England's only breeding ospreys. Nearby Dodd Wood , which looks down onto the lake, is the haunt of roe deer and red squirrels, near to the car park are the remains of an old saw mill, now a refreshment room and a short walk leads up to the Dodd Wood osprey viewpoint where telescopes are provided to view the nesting birds. The forest is a mixture of conifers and native broadleaved trees, the rock is Skiddaw slate. Dodd itself is a spur from Skiddaw, the view from the summit is superb offering views over the central Lakeland fells and on a clear day, the Scottish hills are visible. Left- Bassenthwaite Lake from Dodd Wood Right- A winter view of the lake from Whinlatter Forest Park Bassenthwaite village stands near to the north-east corner of Bassenthwaite Lake. It has a pleasant village green around which the houses are grouped. The church which serves it is somewhat detached from the village, lying isolated near to the lake shore, about three miles to the south. The church is dedicated to Saints Bridget and Bega and was founded in the twelfth century, although it was restored in the nineteenth century, it still has its Norman chancel arch and some of its early English features. Nearby Thornthwaite is a scattered community on the south west edge of Bassenthwaite. The Thornthwaite Galleries hold art exhibitions of paintings and sculpture and there are pleasant forest footpaths at Thornthwaite Forest on the west side of Bassenthwaite Lake. There is access to the lake shore from the village at the Peter Howe car park. A Forest Walk at Bassenthwaite Lake This walk commences at the Mirehouse car park (NY 235282) and involves a steep climb, but offers some panoramic views. Cross the footbridge by the sawmill, climbing the steps, follow the path until it joins a forest road. Turn right along the road. continue on the road which eventually becomes a track. An optional detour, taking a signposted path which leads off to the right, leads to the summit of the Dodd. Continue along the forest track, at the point where it is joined by a road from the left, turn right. Turn right when track bends very sharply to the left. At the ravine of Skill Beck turn left, descending to the footpath which flanks the beck. There follows a steep descent back to the car park or an easier route to the left.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,589	What is the smallest bird in the world?	Smallest Bird, Largest Bird, Fastest Bird, Slowest Bird \| Birds of a Feather B&B Birds of a Feather B&B We had a wonderful time! The dogs were great. We will certainly come again! - Kim & John Beautiful... great experience and hospitality ! - Karen 'Thank you for the nice stay. We enjoyed our short trip to Vancouver Island and now know a fine place to stay for our next trip to... - Andrea & Sven Thanks so much, your B&B was much more than advertized. We chose the right place for our last night in B.C. The 5km run to Royal... - Sarah My recent stay at Birds of a Feather was a great experience. As a new student to Royal Roads University I found the location to the... - Dianne Appleby We thoroughly enjoyed our stay. Everything from the views, our room, the comfort, the company, and Dieter's generous hospitality was... - Sonia We had an amazing time here on the island for our honeymoon! This room was perfect! It was our first experience at a B&B, and... - Ryan & Christine Holst This place is magical!! I loved eveything from the wildlife and the scenery to the full moon that took my breath away!! Thank you... - Diane Todosychuk Lovely place to stay! Dieter gave us the best advice about how to spend our limited time here. We are in awe of the beauty of the... - Patricia Bender & Judy Kelly Thank you for welcoming us into your home, everything absolutely perfect - not often I am left speecless but.... WOW! We have found... - Helena & Ray Farmer Smallest Bird, Largest Bird, Fastest Bird, Slowest Bird Best Price Guarantee Smallest Bird Male bee hummingbirds (mellisuga helenae), which live in Cuba, weigh 0.056 ounces and are 2.75 inches in length. The bill and tail account for half of this length. Smallest Bird of Prey The black-legged falconet ( Micrphierax fringlius ) of southeast Asia and the white-fronted or Bornean falconet ( M. latifrons ) of northwestern Borneo both have an average length of 5.5-6 inches, including a 2 inch tail, and weigh approximately 1.25 ounces. Smallest Parrot [contributed by Harold Armitage, Wild Macaws Wild Macaws] The Pygmy parrots of Papua and nearby islands. Genus Micropsitta. There's six different sorts - Yellow-capped, Buff-faced, Finsch's, Geelvink, Meek's, Red-breasted - all around 3" long (8cm). Thought to eat lichens and mosses but not much is known about their lifestyles. Fastest Swimming Bird Gentoo Penguin found on the Antarctic Islands can swim 40 km per hour. Large populations are found at South Georgia, Falkland Islands, and Iles Kerguelen although their breeding distribution is circumpolar. An orange bill and a white stroke behind its eye distinguish the black and white gentoos from the smaller adelie and chinstrap species. Long stiff tail feathers stick out behind as they walk, often cocked up in the water, no other penguin has such a prominent tail. They breed in winter at the more northerly sub-Antarctic islands, laying two eggs as early as July. Can dive over 300' though most prey dives are shallower. Most dives last only half a minute. Largest Carnivorous Bird (contribution by Christoph Kulmann) Titanis Walleri. This bird is known from the early Pleistocene (Ice Age) of Florida. It is the last known member of the family Phorusrhacidae, a group of large, flightless birds which evolved in South America. This creature had an estimated body height of 3 meters (if it stood fully erect, and 2.5 meters in more normal situations). Titanis really had arms instead of wings. Tallest Flying Birdscrane The largest cranes (family Gruidae) can be almost 6 ft. 6 in. tall. Heaviest Flying Birds The Kori Bustard or paauw (Ardeotis Kori) of northeast and southern Africa and the great bustard (Otis tarda) of Europe and Asia weigh about 40-42 pounds. There is a report of a 46 lb. 4 oz. male great bustard shot in northeastern China. It was too heavy to fly. Heaviest Birds of Prey Andean condors (Vultur gryphus) are the heaviest species of bird of prey. Males weigh 20-27 pounds and have a wingspan of at least 10 feet. A male California condor (Gymnogyps californianus) preserved in the Californi	The RSPB: Browse bird families: Chats and thrushes Browse bird families Image: Ben Hall 'Chats' are small, quite slender or robin-like birds with fine bills and slender legs, slim and sometimes colourful tails and short, round wings. 'Thrushes' are generally larger, often spotted underneath, but in some species, males are unspotted and clearly different from females. Many are superb songsters. There are many thrushes worldwide; four breed in the UK and two others are regular in winter, but several more have appeared on rare occasions; chats include six regular breeders and several rare visitors.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,590	Fougasse, associated with Provence, is what type of food?	Fougasse Bread Tutorial \| CraftyBaking \| Formerly Baking911 Recipes Bread Flatbread Fougasse Bread Tutorial Fougasse Bread Tutorial Baking Temp (degrees F): 450 Views: 6358 Recipe by Sarah Phillips and Kelly Hong; Food styling and photos by Kelly Hong © 2009 Sarah Phillips CraftyBaking.com Variation: Calamata Olive Fougasse The one of the left just has herbs de Provence on it and the other has calamata olives in the dough. In French cuisine, fougasse, basically an olive-oil rich Italian Focaccia Bread, is a type of bread typically associated with Southern France but found (with variations) in other regions. Some versions are sculpted or slashed into a pattern resembling a tree, which I show you here, or an ear of wheat or leaf. It can also be called Ladder Bread. In ancient Rome, panis focacius was a flat bread baked in the ashes of the hearth (focus in Latin). This became a diverse range of breads that include "focaccia" in Italian cuisine, "fugassa" in the Ligurian language, "pogača" in the Balkans, "fougasse" in Provence and "fouaisse" or "foisse" in Burgundy. The French versions are more likely to have additions in the form of olives, cheese, anchovies etc, which may be regarded as a primitive form of pizza without the tomato. Fougasse was traditionally used to assess the temperature of a wood fired oven. The time it would take to bake gives an idea of the oven temperature and whether the rest of the bread can be loaded.	Kitchen Confidential: Adventures in the Culinary Underbelly – Cooking Schools Availability: unspecified Product Description Most diners believe that their sublime sliver of seared foie gras, topped with an ethereal buckwheat blini and a drizzle of piquant huckleberry sauce, was created by a culinary artist of the highest order, a sensitive, highly refined executive chef. The truth is more brutal. More likely, writes Anthony Bourdain in Kitchen Confidential, that elegant three-star concoction is the collaborative effort of a team of "wacked-out moral degenerates, dope fiends, refugees, a thuggish assortment of drunks, sneak thieves, sluts, and psychopaths," in all likelihood pierced or tattooed and incapable of uttering a sentence without an expletive or a foreign phrase. Such is the muscular view of the culinary trenches from one who's been groveling in them, with obvious sadomasochistic pleasure, for more than 20 years. CIA-trained Bourdain, currently the executive chef of the celebrated Les Halles, wrote two culinary mysteries before his first (and infamous) New Yorker essay launched this frank confessional about the lusty and larcenous real lives of cooks and restaurateurs. He is obscenely eloquent, unapologetically opinionated, and a damn fine storyteller--a Jack Kerouac of the kitchen. Those without the stomach for this kind of joyride should note his opening caveat: "There will be horror stories. Heavy drinking, drugs, screwing in the dry-goods area, unappetizing industry-wide practices. Talking about why you probably shouldn't order fish on a Monday, why those who favor well-done get the scrapings from the bottom of the barrel, and why seafood frittata is not a wise brunch selection.... But I'm simply not going to deceive anybody about the life as I've seen it." --Sumi Hahn	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,591	What human organ makes four new words when prefixing Head, Diver, Flint and Tight?	The Last Star by Rick Yancey excerpt by Penguin Teen - issuu issuu Issuu on Google+ G. P. P UTN AM’S SONS an imprint of Penguin Random House LLC 375 Hudson Street, New York, NY 10014 Copyright © 2016 by Rick Yancey. Penguin supports copyright. Copyright fuels creativity, encourages diverse voices, promotes free speech, and creates a vibrant culture. Thank you for buying an authorized edition of this book and for complying with copyright laws by not reproducing, scanning, or distributing any part of it in any form without permission. You are supporting writers and allowing Penguin to continue to publish books for every reader. G. P. Putnam’s Sons is a registered trademark of Penguin Random House LLC. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available upon request. Printed in the United States of America. ISBN 978-0-399-16243-5 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 Design by Ryan Thomann. Text set in Sabon. Cassiopeia photo copyright © iStockphoto.com/Manfred_Konrad. This is a work of fiction. Names, characters, places, and incidents either are the product of the author’s imagination or are used fictitiously, and any resemblance to actual persons, living or dead, businesses, companies, events, or locales is entirely coincidental. S R L For Sandy “The world ends. The world begins again.” S R L TheLastStar_final_int.indd 5 2/1/16 10:51 AM Let no one despair, even though in the darkest night the last star of hope may disappear. 窶認riedrich Schiller S R L TheLastStar_final_int.indd 7 2/1/16 10:51 AM THE GIRL WHO COULD FLY MANY YEARS AGO, when he was ten, her father had ridden a big yellow bus to the planetarium. There the ceiling above him exploded into a million glimmering shards of light. His mouth dropped open. His small fingers clamped down on the edge of the wooden bench upon which he sat. Over his head, pinpricks of white fire spun, pure as the day the Earth emerged as a blackened, pockmarked rock, an average planet orbiting an average star at the edge of an average galaxy in a limitless universe. The Big Dipper. Orion. Ursa Major. The droning monotone of the astronomer’s voice. The children’s faces lifted up, open mouths, unblinking eyes. And the boy feeling infinitesimally small beneath the immensity of that artificial sky. He would not forget that day. Years later, when his daughter was very young, she would run to him, pudgy toddler legs wobbling, solid little arms lifted up, eyes burning with anticipation and joy, crying, Daddy, Daddy, stubby fingers spread wide, reaching for him, reaching for the sky. And she would leap, a fearless launch into empty space, because he wasn’t just her father—he was Daddy. He would catch her; he would not let her fall. Crying: Fly, Daddy, fly! And up she would go, rocketing toward the immensity of S the unbounded sky, arms open to embrace the infinite, her head R L TheLastStar_final_int.indd 9 2/1/16 10:51 AM thrown back, rushing to that place where terror and wonder meet, her squeals the distilled hilarity of being weightless and free, of being safe in his arms, of being alive. Cassiopeia. From that day at the planetarium, when her life lay fifteen years in the future, there was no doubt what name he would give her. S R L TheLastStar_final_int.indd 11 2/1/16 10:51 AM 1 “I WILL SIT WITH YOU” THIS IS MY BODY. In the cave’s lowermost chamber, the priest raises the last wafer—his supply has been exhausted—toward the formations that remind him of a dragon’s mouth frozen in mid-roar, the growths like teeth glistening red and yellow in the lamplight. The catastrophe of the divine sacrifice by his hands. Take this, all of you, and eat of it . . . Then the chalice containing the final drops of wine. Take this, all of you, and drink from it . . . Midnight in late November. In the caves below, the small band of survivors will remain warm and hidden with enough supplies to last until spring. No one has died of the plague in months. The worst appears to be over. They are safe here, perfectly safe. With faith in your love and mercy, I eat your body and drink your blood . . . His whispers echo in the de	INTERSTING FACTS - Google+ INTERSTING FACTS Posted by muhammad ahsan at 19:13 No comments: Email ThisBlogThis!Share to TwitterShare to Facebook most intersting and amazing Posted by muhammad ahsan at 19:07 No comments: Email ThisBlogThis!Share to TwitterShare to Facebook Interesting Facts For Your Warehouse of Useless Knowledge 1,525,000,000 miles of telephone wire a strung across the U.S. 101 Dalmatians and Peter Pan (Wendy) are the only two Disney cartoon features with both parents that are present and don't die throughout the movie. 111,111,111 x 111,111,111 = 12,345,678,987,654,321 12 newborns will be given to the wrong parents daily. 123,000,000 cars are being driven down the U.S's highways. 160 cars can drive side by side on the Monumental Axis in Brazil, the world's widest road. 166,875,000,000 pieces of mail are delivered each year in the U.S. 27% of U.S. male college students believe life is "A meaningless existential hell." 315 entries in Webster's Dictionary will be misspelled. 5% of Canadians don't know the first 7 words of the Canadian anthem, but know the first 9 of the American anthem. 56,000,000 people go to Major League baseball each year. 7% of Americans don't know the first 9 words of the American anthem, but know the first 7 of the Canadian anthem. 85,000,000 tons of paper are used each year in the U.S. 99% of the solar systems mass is concentrated in the sun. A 10-gallon hat barely holds 6 pints. A cat has 32 muscles in each ear. A cockroach can live several weeks with its head cut off. A company in Taiwan makes dinnerware out of wheat, so you can eat your plate. A cow produces 200 times more gas a day than a person. A dime has 118 ridges around the edge. A dragonfly has a lifespan of 24 hours. A fully loaded supertanker travelling at normal speed takes a least twenty minutes to stop. A giraffe can clean its ears with its 21-inch tongue. A giraffe can go without water longer than a camel can. A goldfish has a memory span of three seconds. A hard working adult sweats up to 4 gallons per day. Most of the sweat evaporates before a person realizes it's there. A hedgehog's heart beats 300 times a minute on average. A hippo can open its mouth wide enough to fit a 4 foot tall child inside. A hummingbird weighs less than a penny. A jellyfish is 95 percent water. A "jiffy" is an actual unit of time for 1/100th of a second. A jumbo jet uses 4,000 gallons of fuel to take off. A male emperor moth can smell a female emperor moth up to 7 miles away. A man named Charles Osborne had the hiccups for 6 years. Wow. A mole can dig a tunnel 300 feet long in just one night. A monkey was once tried and convicted for smoking a cigarette in South Bend, Indiana. A pig's orgasm lasts for 30 minutes. A pregnant goldfish is called a twit. A Saudi Arabian woman can get a divorce if her husband doesn't give her coffee. A shark is the only fish that can blink with both eyes. A quarter has 119 grooves on its edge, a dime has one less groove. A shark can detect one part of blood in 100 million parts of water. A skunk can spray its stinky scent more than 10 feet. A sneeze travels out your mouth at over 100 m.p.h. A toothpick is the object most often choked on by Americans! A walla-walla scene is one where extras pretend to be talking in the background -- when they say "walla-walla" it looks like they are actually talking. A whale's penis is called a dork. About 3000 years ago, most Egyptians died by the time they were 30. About 70% of Americans who go to college do it just to make more money. [The rest of us are avoiding reality for four more years.] According to a British law passed in 1845, attempting to commit suicide was a capital offense. Offenders could be hanged for trying. Actor Tommy Lee Jones and former vice-president Al Gore were freshman roommates at Harvard. Al Capone's business card said he was a used furniture dealer. All 50 states are listed across the top of the Lincoln Memorial on the back of the $5 bill. All of the clocks in the movie "Pulp Fiction" are stuck on 4:20. All porcupines float in water. Almonds are a mem	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,592	Alexander Pushkin (1799-1837), revered as a great poet, also wrote which play or drama?	The My Hero Project - Alexander Pushkin ALEXANDER PUSHKIN by Jerrilyn Jacobs Aleksandr Pushkin (1799-1837) Alexander Pushkin (Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin) is known as Russia's greatest poet. During a time when most great literature was being written in French and English, Pushkin revolutionized Russian literature with narrative poems, love poems, political poems, short stories, novels, plays, histories, and fairy tales. Pushkin's skeptical mind and sense of irony helped him capture what it means to be Russian, winning the hearts of his countrymen. His writing style has distinctive rhythmic patterns that are nearly impossible to translate, so non-Russian speakers have not always been able to appreciate the true power and beauty of his work. Alexander Pushkin was born [June 6th], 1799 in Moscow, Russia. His nobleman father was active in politics, following a 600-year tradition in that family. His great-grandfather on his mother's side, Abraham Petrovich Hannibal, was the son of an African prince in Eritrea, North Africa. He had been kidnapped as a child and brought to Turkey as a slave. Peter the Great selected him for his intelligence and brought him to Russia, where Hannibal became the czar's personal valet. Pushkin was proud of his noble heritage. He was educated at home, mostly by nannies, and later at a school for the privileged children of the nobility. At school he didnï¿½t care for any subjects except French and Russian Literature. He began writing poetry when he was very young and had his first poem published when he was 14. One of several postage stamps honoring Pushkin As a nobleman in the early 1800's, Pushkin led a reckless and generally nonproductive life, typical of noblemen, while on the staff of the ministry of foreign affairs. Because his salary was small and his family wouldn't support him, Pushkin turned to poetry as a way of making money, becoming Russia's first professional poet. Worse than the lack of money was his lack of freedom. Russians at this time lived at the mercy of a despotic state, and Pushkin used his writing as a way of expressing the agony and suppression of the Russian people. He wrote about 130 poems between 1814 and 1817, which got him in trouble for being outspoken in their political views. His first narrative poem, Ruslan and Lyudmila, is a fantasytic adventure told with humor and irony. Before it could be published the Czar, Alexander I, exiled Pushkin to the south of Russia because of the political ideas in his 1820 poem "Ode to Liberty." Later Pushkin was fired and exiled to his family home. Here he listened to his old nurse, Arina Rodionovna, tell him folk tales from the peasantry. When Alexanderï¿½s brother, Nicholas I, came to power in 1825, he invited Pushkin back to the capital, gave him a government post. However, Nicholas acted as his personal censor, making sure that Pushkin didn't publish anything that would hurt the government. They opened his mail, had spies follow him, and cut out whole stanzas from Pushkin's manuscripts. In the fall of 1830 Pushkin left the capital to visit a small estate his father had left him. It was there, free from the pressures of life in the city, that Pushkin did some of his best writing. including finishing "Eugene Onegin," his most famous narrative poem. After 1830 he wrote less poetry and began to focus on the short story. Pushkin's stories unfold quickly and with straightforward narration. The short story "The Queen of Spades," written in 1834, is a narrative masterpiece. Many of Pushkin's works provide the basis for other works, including the operas "Boris Godunov" by Mussorgsky, "Eugene Onegin" and the film "Amadeus" based on Pushkin's play "Mozart and Salieri." When he was almost 30 years old, Pushkin married Nathalie Goncharova, on January 19, 1831. They had three children, but were not a happy couple. She was very beautiful and a favorite at court, and encouraged the attention of other men. Pushkin frequently thought himself dishonored and was a compulsive duelist. Pushkin was wounded in a duel and died on January	The Doll Theatre Project – Derham Groves The Doll Theatre Project Derham Groves The first cohort of students to do the new Bachelor of Environments degree at the University of Melbourne completed the course in semester two of last year, 2010. “Architectural Design Studio 4: Fire,” which I coordinated, was the Architecture Major students’ final design subject. The task of the 183 students who did it was to design a theatre exclusively for performances of Ray Lawler’s three classic Australian plays: Summer of the Seventeenth Doll (1955), Kid Stakes (1975) and Other Times (1976), known as the “doll trilogy.” The idea of designing a theatre specifically for Ray Lawler’s doll trilogy came to me after reading an article about Agatha Christie’s amazingly enduring play, The Mousetrap, which has been running continuously in the West End of London since 1952 (until 1974 at the New Ambassadors Theatre, and since then at St. Martins Theatre). In addition, there are a number of composer-specific/playwright-specific theatres around the world, including the Bayreuth Festival Theatre in Bayreuth, Germany, where only the operas of Richard Wagner are performed, the Globe Theatre in London, where only the plays of William Shakespeare are presented, and the Wrestling School in London, where only the works of Howard Barker are staged. Summer of the Seventeenth Doll is the best known and arguably the most important play of Ray Lawler’s doll trilogy. While it was written first, it actually takes place after Kid Stakes and Other Times. The story running through the three plays unfolds over a period of seventeen years—from 1945 to 1953—in a boarding house in the inner Melbourne suburb of Carlton. The structure of Summer of the Seventeenth Doll is relatively simple, but its plot is complex, revolving around the lives of the Queensland cane-cutters, “Roo” and Barney, and their girlfriends, the Melbourne barmaids, Olive, Nancy and (later) Pearl. Each year the men spend five months—the cane-cutting off-season—living with the women in Carlton. But this arrangement is upset when Nancy marries and the sceptical Pearl replaces her. Summer of the Seventeenth Doll addresses some complex and universal themes, including resistance to change, the search for happiness, the loss of idealism, and the concept of Australian male-centric mateship. When Summer of the Seventeenth Doll was written, Australian society was in a state of flux. The country led by Prime Minister Robert Menzies (1894-1978) was experiencing a post-war economic boom, and an aggressive (pro-white European) immigration program was in place to quickly boost the workforce. As a result, the traditional Anglo-centric make-up of the population began to change, along with the accepted view of what it meant to be an Australian (migrants, especially Greeks and Italians, were called “New Australians”). At the same time, Australian artists like Sidney Nolan (1917-1992) and Arthur Boyd (1920-1999) and writers such as Patrick White (1912-1990) and Frank Hardy (1917-1994) started to be noticed; people anticipated that the 1956 Melbourne Olympic Games would put Australia on the map; and the imminent introduction of television threatened to change almost every aspect of Australian family life. It was in this context that Ray Lawler wrote Summer of the Seventeenth Doll in 1955. The opening night of Summer of the Seventeenth Doll marked a turning point in Australian theatre history. For decades, foreign plays and actors had dominated Australian theatres, but all of a sudden an Australian audience was presented with an Australian story, told in vernacular language and familiar accents, using local urban—as opposed to bush—references. Unlike so many Australian plays that preceded it, Summer of the Seventeenth Doll was not a shallow appeal to patriotism or stereotypes, but instead it dealt with universal concerns in an Australian context, which presented Australians on stage in a realistic manner for almost the first time. All of the students doing Architectural Design Studio 4 were required to read Summ	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,593	What medieval Islamic dynasty was founded in 1250 in Egypt and Syria by slave soldiers who deposed the Ayyubids?	The Art of the Ayyubid Period (ca. 1171–1260) \| Essay \| Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History \| The Metropolitan Museum of Art The Metropolitan Museum of Art The Art of the Ayyubid Period (ca. 1171–1260) See works of art Works of Art (6) Essay The Ayyubid dynasty came to power under the leadership of the Kurdish Zengid general Salah al-Din (r. 1169–93), known in Europe as Saladin. After repulsing a Crusader army that had reached the gates of Fatimid Cairo and occupying Egypt on behalf of the Zengids (1160s), Salah al-Din declared the Fatimid caliphate to be at its end, and established the Ayyubid sultanate (1171). Soon thereafter, Salah al-Din also gained control over Yemen (1174) and Syria (1180s). The conflict with the Crusaders continued throughout the Ayyubid period; Jerusalem was captured by the Muslims in 1187, then, following a failed treaty, ceded until 1244, when the city was retaken for good. The sultanate depended on mamluks (slave soldiers) for its military organization, yet the end of the dynasty in 1250 was largely caused by Turkic mamluks themselves, who overthrew the last Ayyubid sultan in Egypt, al-Malik al-Ashraf (r. 1249–50) and founded the Mamluk sultanate (1250–1517). In the arts, the Ayyubids are known especially for their works in inlaid metalwork and ceramics, particularly luster- and underglaze-painted wares. Some objects from this period, including a group of inlaid metalwork pieces, also have Christian scenes. Signatures of artists on refined and prized brass works inlaid with silver seem to indicate that the craftsmen were from Mosul (in present-day Iraq) and had fled from the approaching Mongol armies. In the case of ceramics produced in Syria, the influence of Seljuq Iran is prevalent. Among other arts, enameled glass rose to excellence in this period and carved wood was also esteemed by Ayyubid patrons. Techniques established and developed during this time formed the foundation of the arts in the Mamluk period. The Ayyubids were also vigorous builders. Their generous patronage led to tremendous architectural activity in Egypt and especially in Syria, and their local courts revived the cities of Damascus and Aleppo. The outstanding secular architecture from this period includes the fortified citadels of Cairo (1187) and Aleppo (early thirteenth century). Meanwhile, the establishment of madrasas, higher institutions for religious learning, such as the Zahiriya (1219) in Aleppo and that of Salih Najm al-Din Ayyub (1243) in Cairo, exemplify the Ayyubid interest in Sunni education after the Shi’i interlude in the region under the Fatimids. Furthermore, the Madrasa al-Sahiba in Damascus (1233), built by Salah al-Din’s sister Rabia Khatun, as well as the Mausoleum of Salih Najm al-Din Ayyub (1250), commissioned by his wife Shajarat al-Durr, reflects the importance of women as patrons of architecture under the Ayyubids. In terms of commemorative buildings and pious architectural initiatives, the Mausoleum of Imam al-Shafi’i (1211) and the Tomb of the ‘Abbasid Caliphs (1242–43) in Cairo are especially noteworthy. Suzan Yalman	Quiz for Sunday 12th June - Shelled Warriors Forums Quiz for Sunday 12th June User Name Posts: 1,403 Quiz for Sunday 12th June Nothing too fancy this week - has been a bit chaotic and stressful so had to cheat a little. Good luck 1.What is the common name of the cooking ingredient from the hard fat of kidneys and loins of oxen, famously sold under the Atora brand? lard 2.In the TV series Thunderbirds, what colour/colour are Brains' spectacle rims: Black; Brown; Blue; or Green? Blue 3.In six-dot Braille (English language), what letter and number are represented by a single dot, top left?A and 1 4.What did Frenchman Dr Pierre Dukan devise which bears his name, and after achieving great popularity in France, began to spread internationally in the early 2000s?Diet 5.What motor company's badge contains a red cross and a green snake?Alfa Romeo 6.What popular sci-fi creations were described by Dr Who's executive producer in 2011 as "...the most reliably defeatable enemies in the universe..." ? Dalek 7.The terms biconvex, biconcave, positive meniscus, negative meniscus, and plano-convex refer to types of what? Lenses 8.Sesame seeds are a very good dietary source of what elemental mineral: Magnesium; Iron; Zinc; or Mercury? Magnesium 9.In what video game brand does the Lara Croft character most famously feature? Tomb Raider 10.According to Unicef (at 2011) what percentage of Afghan women die in pregnancy or childbirth: 1%; 3%; 5% or 12ï¿½%? 12.5% 11.Name the shipping line which owned the Titanic? (Bonus points: Name the Titanic shipbuilders? And in which city was the Titanic built?) White Star Line, Harkand and Wolff, Blefast 12.A Gay Girl in Damascus is the title of the blog by feminist/freedom campaigner Amina Abdallah Alaf al Omari, who in June 2011 was based and abducted in which country?Syria 13.Who, age 30, wrote the historically significant anti-semetic diatribe known as 'the Gemlich letter' on 16 Sep 1919? Hitler 14.Which UK city hosts the Summer Sundae music festival? Leicester 15.What island is noted for its biodiversity and 80% unique wildlife due to more than 80 million years' isolation from continental land mass? Madagascar 16.Violeta Chamorro, Michelle Bachelet, Laura Chinchilla, and Dilma Rousseff share what achievement? Olympic record-holders; National leadership; Best-selling authors; Film noir stardom; or Diana Ross's Supremes? National Leadership 17.What convicted fraudster's underpants were auctioned in 2011 for $200, with other belongings, to compensate victims of his $65m Ponzi scheme swindle? Bernard Madoff 18.Name the two biggest producers of cars globally in 2010, and for several years prior? GM and Toyota 19.A blue circle with a white centre was introduced in 2006 as the international symbol for what human metabolic disease? Diabetes 20.What woman's name was given to the horrendously abusive laundry asylums for 'fallen women' run by the Catholic Church, starting in 18th century Ireland, spreading to other countries and persisting well into the 1900s? Magdalene 21.On a standard piano what normally is the lowest note? A 22.Who is Britain's longest serving consort? Prince Phillip 23.What multinational high street vendor's logo was developed from an old Norse woodcut of a twin-tailed siren or mermaid with flowing hair and crown? Starbucks 24.What letter was added to Wii by Nintendo in 2011 when naming its next generation gaming console? U 25.What is Julia Donaldson's hugely successful character and book, based on a Chinese folk tale of a fox that borrows the terror of a tiger? The Gruffalo 26.What modern system of a very old messaging method entails red and yellow ('Oscar') at sea, and white and blue ('Papa') on land? Semaphore 27.What word, from Sanskrit for 'sacred knowledge', refers to early Indian scripture, and specifically the four collections known as Rig, Sama, Yajur and Atharva, forming the basic teachings of Hinduism? Veda 28.What childplay and teaching-aid modelling product did William Harbutt devise and produce in 1900, in an old flour mill near Bath, UK? Plasticene 29.French for an additive, and	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,594	Which cyclist won the first medal for Team GB at the 2012 Olympic Games?	London 2012: Team GB wins first Olympic medals - BBC News BBC News London 2012: Team GB wins first Olympic medals 29 July 2012 Read more about sharing. Close share panel Image caption Rebecca Adlington (l) won Team GB's second medal on Sunday, while some events still had empty seats and others were disrupted by rain Team GB has won its first London 2012 medals, with cyclist Lizzie Armitstead taking silver in the women's road race. Swimmer Rebecca Adlington has taken bronze in the final of the 400m freestyle. London 2012 chairman Lord Coe insisted Olympics venues were "stuffed" with sports fans, after a row about empty seats on Saturday. However, on Sunday empty seats could be seen at several sports, including basketball, volleyball and tennis. Armitstead, 23, from Otley near Leeds, was beaten to the gold at the end of the 140-kilometre race by Holland's Marianne Vos in a sprint finish on The Mall. She said: "I'm really, really happy. Maybe later I'll start thinking about that gold, but I'm happy with silver at the moment." Adlington, 23, who lost her title to Camille Muffat of France, said she was glad she had won a medal at a home games. "The crowd were just absolutely amazing, this is what I wanted, this is what picks you up, this is what gets you from fourth to third and gets us on that podium. I know so many people wanted me to get the gold and sorry about that, but I tried my absolute hardest, I'm so pleased with that." She later tweeted: : "Ahhhhhhhh bronze medal!!! Can't believe it! SOOO happy its unreal! The crowd was incredible! THANK YOU to everyone, your support is amazing!" Adlington's battle to hold on to her 800m freestyle title will begin with heats on Thursday morning before Friday night's final. In other Olympic developments: Police say 16 people have been arrested over ticket touting at the Olympics during the past two days Three people have been charged after 182 were held following a Critical Mass cycle ride near the Olympic Park on Friday Lord Coe spoke out as the row mounted over unfilled seats in several Olympic venues. At some venues, seats in the accredited "Olympic family" areas - reserved for groups including officials, sports federations, athletes, journalists and sponsors - have remained empty. Media captionSebastian Coe: "I'm not sure that naming shaming is what we are into" "I don't think you will be seeing this as an issue, long-term through the Games," he told a press conference. Organisers Locog said it would fill some of the empty seats with servicemen and women, as well as local students and teachers. It said it would also sell more tickets, after some 1,000 tickets were released on the London 2012 website on Saturday night. A system has been introduced similar to the one used at Wimbledon, where people coming out of the stadium handed on their tickets so the seats could be made available to others. A Locog spokesman added that it would examine options to upgrade the tickets of members of the public and move them into accredited areas. Olympics coverage online On Sunday, empty seats were seen at venues including basketball at the Olympic Park, where troops filled the gaps, tennis at Wimbledon and volleyball at Earl's Court. Around 100 seats at the gymnastics at the North Greenwich Arena were also given to troops. But many other venues were full, including boxing, judo and fencing at ExCel, badminton at Wembley Arena and shooting at the Royal Artillery Barracks. American Paul Fondie, who now lives in Kew, west London, said he was frustrated by the number of empty seats at the men's gymnastics at the O2 on Saturday. Image caption Lizzie Armitstead (r) won silver in the women's road race He said he and his wife had not been able to take their six-year-old son because they could not get an extra ticket. "It tainted my experience of the Olympics - it was our moment to come under the microscope and show that London can do it well." Andy Murray has claimed his first Olympic singles victory, beating Switzerland's Stanislas Wawrinka 6-3 6-3. And Briton Ben Ainslie opened his quest for a fourth	Bradley Wiggins wins 2012 Tour de France - BBC Sport BBC Sport Bradley Wiggins wins 2012 Tour de France 22 Jul 2012 Read more about sharing. Bradley Wiggins became the first British rider to win the Tour de France as compatriot Mark Cavendish claimed a fourth consecutive final-stage victory. Wiggins, 32, finished with a winning margin of three minutes and 21 seconds after ending Sunday's race around the streets of Paris in the peloton. Fellow Brit and Team Sky team-mate Chris Froome consolidated second place with Italy's Vincenzo Nibali third. Wiggins' key Tour moments Stage 7: Finishes third to take yellow jersey for the first time Stage 9: Wins time trial from Arc-et-Senans to Besancon Stage 13: Ensures he will become first Briton to wear yellow jersey for a seventh time Stage 14: Praised for slowing the pace after rival Cadel Evans falls victim to tacks Stage 17: Extends lead over his main rivals during final day in mountains Stage 19: Wins time-trial on penultimate day to all but secure victory Cavendish won the traditional sprint down the Champs Elysees with some ease. The 27-year old from the Isle of Man is unbeaten in Paris, having also won on his three previous Tour finishes in 2009, 10 and 11. He began his sprint early and held off the challenge of the faster-finishing Peter Sagan of Slovakia, with Australia's Matthew Goss third. It lifted his tally of Tour de France stage wins to 23, to surpass seven-time Tour winner Lance Armstrong and Frenchman Andre Darrigade and move into fourth in the overall stage-win standings, 11 short of Belgian Eddy Merckx's record of 34. But the day belonged to Wiggins, who safely negotiated himself around the streets of Paris, to complete the formalities after Saturday's stunning time-trial victory gave him an almost unassailable lead. The three-time Olympic track champion crossed the line arms raised having helped set up Cavendish's sprint victory in front of thousands of British fans on the Champs Elysees, who had come to witness history being made. Team Sky rider Geraint Thomas "Bradley Wiggins has done something unbelievable by winning the Tour de France, but I know he will be the first to recognise that he would not have been able to achieve his victory without a terrific team behind him" And in winning this year's Tour, Wiggins not only fulfilled a life-long ambition but also sealed his place in the pantheon of cycling greats. "I don't know what to say, I've had 24 hours for it to soak in," said Wiggins. "I'm still buzzing from the Champs Elysees, the laps go so quick. We had a mission with Cav and we did it. What a way to finish it off. "I've got to get used to that [being a legend in the spotlight], it's going to take a while. I'm just trying to soak it all in. You never imagine it will happen to you but it's amazing." In three demanding weeks, he toiled over the Alps and the Pyrenees to complete the mammoth 20-stage, 2,173-mile race which was in its 99th edition. During his stunning transition from track to road racing, Wiggins finished fourth in the Tour in 2009 - equalling Robert Millar's 1984 British best - before crashing out with a broken collarbone when among the favourites in 2011. Tour de France stage wins Eddy Merckx, Bel (1969-75) - 34 Bernard Hinault, Fra (1978-86) - 28 Andre Leducq, Fra (1927-35) - 25 Mark Cavendish, GB (2008 to present) - 23 Lance Armstrong, US (1993-2005) - 22 Andre Darrigade, Fra (1953-64) - 22 Nicolas Frantz, Lux (1924-29) - 20 Francois Faber, Fra (1908-14) - 19 But having worn the yellow jersey for 13 consecutive stages, Wiggins showed why Team Sky principal Dave Brailsford has placed so much faith in his man as he accumulated a winning margin of more than three minutes. The margin of Wiggins' victory also answered many of those who questioned why Froome, who appeared marginally stronger in the mountains, was not Team Sky's Tour leader. Team Sky themselves achieved the rare feat of a 1-2 on the podium, the first since 1996, when Dane Bjarne Riis finished ahead of his German team-mate at Telekom, Jan Ullrich. It is also the first time compa	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,595	In English football, from which team did Aston Villa buy footballer Dion Dublin in 1998?	Dion Dublin (Soccer Player) - Pics, Videos, Dating, & News Show Less In the 1993â94 season, Dublin regained his fitness, but his first team chances were restricted by the excellent form of Eric Cantona. In December 1993, Ferguson agreed a deal with Everton manager Howard Kendall, that would have seen Dublin moving to Goodison Park, but a member of Everton's board of directors, apparently feeling that Dublin was not worth the money Kendall had offered United, intervened to prevent the transfer going through â this incident led directly to Kendall's resignation as Everton manager and Dublin ended up staying at Old Trafford until the end of the season. … Read More He managed five league appearances that season, scoring once in a 3â2 home win over Oldham Athletic in early April. He also managed a further goal in the Football League Cup second round first leg, as United were beaten 2â1 by Stoke City at the Victoria Ground. The goal against Oldham was the only competitive goal that Dublin scored for United at Old Trafford. Read Less 1994 - 1997 3 More Events 1994 25 Years Old He was left out of the FA Cup winning team, and failed to make enough appearances to merit another Premier League title winners medal, and shortly after the start of the 1994â95 season, he was sold to Coventry City for Â£2 million. … Read More In four-and-a-half years with Coventry, Dublin established himself as one of the Premier League's top strikers and during the 1997â98 season won the first of his four England full caps. That season, he equalled the Coventry City record for most goals in a top division season with 23 goals in all competitions. Read Less 1995 26 Years Old Following Phil Neal's departure in 1995, the arrival of Ron Atkinson and Gordon Strachan would see Dublin fit into an attacking team in the typical Atkinson mould. … Read More It included the likes of Noel Whelan, John Salako and Darren Huckerby to add to the already attack minded Peter Ndlovu. The addition of Gary McAllister, following Euro 96, should have provided mid table stability but the teams defensive frailties often undermined Dublin's scoring at the other end. This culminated in possibly one of the greatest escapes in Premiership history in May 1997. Sitting second from bottom, Coventry City needed favourable results elsewhere whilst needing an away win at White Hart Lane. This game followed on from an away win at Anfield (Dublin scoring in the dying seconds) and a home win against Chelsea. But at Tottenham Hotspur that afternoon, Dublin scored in the first half before Paul Williams netted to secure an unlikely 2â1 win. The game reached a nerve-racking climax which included a memorable late save from City keeper Steve Ogrizovic. Read Less 1997 28 Years Old … The following season the Sky Blues improved at home and enjoyed a season of mid table security. Dublin formed an impressive partnership with Darren Huckerby which not only produced some memorable goals but also propelled the Sky Blues to the FA Cup Sixth Round against Sheffield United; a game they narrowly lost in a penalty shoot out. Read Less The 1997â98 season also saw Dublin share elite status as the Premier League's top scorer with Blackburn's Chris Sutton and Liverpool's Michael Owen â each Englishman scoring 18 league goals. … Read More During this season, Blackburn manager Roy Hodgson tabled a bid which Dublin rejected. He remained at Highfield Road and contributed to Coventry's best finish to date in the Premiership (11th). Read Less	Etiam Pila ( Football) Etiam Pila ( Football) UNSUNG LEGENDS Sir Stanley Matthews Sir Stanley Matthews, CBE (1 February 1915 – 23 February 2000) was an English footballer. Often regarded as one of the greatest players of the English game, he is the only player to have been knighted while still playing, as well as being the first winner of both the European Footballer of the Year and the Football Writers' Association Footballer of the Year awards. Matthews' nicknames included "The Wizard of the Dribble" and "The Magician". A near-vegetarian teetotaller, he kept fit enough to play at the top level until he was 50 years old. He was also the oldest player ever to play in England's top football division and the oldest player ever to represent the country. He played his final competitive game in 1985, at the age of 70. Matthews was also an inaugural inductee to the English Football Hall of Fame in 2002 to honour his contribution to the English game. He spent nineteen years with Stoke City, playing for the "Potters" from 1932 to 1947, and again from 1961 to 1965. He helped Stoke to theSecond Division title in 1932–33 and 1962–63. In between his two spells at Stoke he spent fourteen years with Blackpool; where he became an FA Cup winner in 1953 (known as the Matthews Final), after he was on the losing side in the 1948 and 1951 finals. Between 1937 and 1957 he won 54 caps for England, playing in the FIFA World Cup in 1950 and 1954, and winning nine British Home Championship titles. Following an unsuccessful stint as Port Vale's general manager between 1965 and 1968, he travelled around the world, coaching enthusiastic amateurs. Most notable of his coaching experiences came when he established an all-black team in Soweto known as "Stan's Men" – this was despite South Africa's harsh apartheid laws at the time. Playing Career Stoke City Despite Port Vale being Matthews' favourite team growing up, and despite rumoured interest from Wolverhampton Wanderers, Birmingham City, Aston Villa, and West Bromwich Albion; Tom Mather convinced his father to allow Matthews to join the Stoke City staff as an office boy on his fifteenth birthday for pay of £1 a week. He played reserve team football in 1930–31, coming up first against Burnley; after the game his father gave his usual realist assessment: "I've seen you play better and I've seen you play worse". He played 22 reserve games in 1931–32, shunning the social scene to focus on improving his game. In one of these games, against Manchester City, he attempted to run at the left-back and take him on with a deft swerve as the defender committed himself to a challenge, rather than follow the accepted wisdom of the day which was to first wait for the defender to run at the attacker – his new technique 'worked a treat'. The national press were already predicting a bright future for the teenager, and though he could have then joined any club in the country, he signed as a professional with Stoke on his seventeenth birthday. Paid the maximum wage of £5 a week (£3 in the summer break), he was on the same wage as seasoned professionals before he even kicked a ball. Despite this his father insisted that Matthews save this money, and only spend any winning bonus money he earned. He made his first team debut against Bury at Gigg Lane on 19 March 1932; the "Potters" won the game 1–0 and Matthews learned how physical and dirty opponents could be – and get away with it. After spending the 1932–33 pre-season training intensely by himself (as opposed to playing golf with his teammates), Mather selected Matthews in fifteen games, enough to earn him in a winners medal after Stoke were crowned Second Division champions, one point ahead of Tottenham Hotspur. On 4 March 1933 he scored his first senior goal in a 3–1 win over local rivals Port Vale at The Old Recreation Ground. He played 29 First Division games in 1933–34, as Stoke secured their top-flight status with a twelfth place finish. He continued to progress in the 1934–35 campaign, and was selected by The Football League for an Inter-League game with the I	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,596	What college is the alma mater of 53 NASA astronauts, more than any other?	The Alma Mater of Astronauts Stages a Heroes' Homecoming for Her Star-Traveling Famous Sons The Alma Mater of Astronauts Stages a Heroes' Homecoming for Her Star-Traveling Famous Sons Email Over the porch of Purdue University’s Phi Delta Theta fraternity house hung a huge banner that read, “Welcome Back Neil.” A rumor was circulating among the brothers that the great man himself would stop by for a visit, but no one believed it. Suddenly brother Joe Kook shouted out, “Christ, look who’s coming!” Unannounced, the man who had made one giant leap for mankind was strolling up the walk arm in arm with his wife, Janet. As the worshipful frat boys clustered round, Neil Armstrong, Class of ’55, moseyed through his old stomping ground, noting with pleasure his signed moon-walk poster hanging in the living room, reminding the brothers he’d taken his Phi Delt pin with him to the moon. But mostly he just smiled and didn’t say much. “He’s a quiet dude,” said brother Dave Garrett. “You don’t expect to meet people from history books. You figure they’re busy.” Stepping out of the annals of space flight, Armstrong, 55, and 13 fellow astronauts returned to their Indiana alma mater for a heroes’ homecoming weekend. Purdue has graduated 16 spacemen, more than any other college except the U.S. Naval Academy, allowing the state university to call itself the “Mother of Astronauts.” Two of them, Gus Grissom and Roger Chaffee, died in the flames of Apollo I in 1967, but all the rest returned to thank Purdue for giving them a dose of the right stuff along with their engineering degrees. “It’s a down-home type university,” explained astronaut Don Williams, who flew 330 missions over Vietnam before piloting the space shuttle Discovery last April. “It’s okay to be patriotic and love your country here.” Armstrong, who retired from NASA in 1971 and now is chairman of a computer systems company based in Virginia, shunned the press during his visit, but graciously signed dozens of autographs for star-struck students as he walked the campus. “He’s had so much attention over the years and doesn’t really understand it,” explained fellow alum Eugene Cernan, the last man on the moon. “If you begin to think you’re something you’re not, you’re looking in the wrong mirror. People try to typecast astronauts as heroic and superhuman. We’re only human beings.” Show Full Article	Columbia University Columbia University Latin : Universitas Columbiae Neo Eboracensis [1] Former names In lumine Tuo videbimus lumen ( Latin ) Motto in English In Thy light shall we see light [2] ( Psalms 36:9) Type .edu Columbia University (officially Columbia University in the City of New York) is a private Ivy League research university in Upper Manhattan , New York City . It was established in 1754 as King’s College by royal charter of George II of Great Britain . Columbia is the oldest college in the state of New York and the fifth chartered institution of higher learning in the country, making it one of nine colonial colleges founded before the Declaration of Independence . [6] After the American Revolutionary War , King’s College briefly became a state entity, and was renamed Columbia College in 1784. A 1787 charter placed the institution under a private board of trustees before it was renamed Columbia University in 1896 when the campus was moved from Madison Avenue to its current location in Morningside Heights occupying 32 acres (13 ha) of land. [7] [8] Columbia is one of the fourteen founding members of the Association of American Universities , and was the first school in the United States to grant the M.D. degree . [7] [9] The university is organized into twenty schools, including Columbia College , the School of Engineering and Applied Science , and the School of General Studies . The university also has global research outposts in Amman , Beijing , Istanbul , Paris , Mumbai , Rio de Janeiro , Santiago , Asunción and Nairobi . [10] It has affiliations with several other institutions nearby, including Teachers College (the university’s Department of Education), [11] Barnard College , and Union Theological Seminary , with joint undergraduate programs available through the Jewish Theological Seminary of America , University College London , [12] Sciences Po , [13] City University of Hong Kong , [14] and the Juilliard School . [15] Columbia administers annually the Pulitzer Prize . [16] Notable alumni and former students (counting those from King’s College) include five Founding Fathers of the United States ; nine Justices of the United States Supreme Court ; [17] 20 living billionaires; [18] 29 Academy Award winners; [19] and 29 heads of state , including three United States Presidents . [20] Additionally, 100 Nobel laureates have been affiliated with Columbia as students, researchers, faculty, or staff. Columbia is second only to Harvard University in the number of Nobel Prize-winning affiliates and Pulitzer Prize-winning alumni, with over 100 recipients for both awards as of 2016. [21] Contents King’s College (1754–1784) King’s College Hall, 1770 Discussions regarding the founding of a college in the Province of New York began as early as 1704, at which time Colonel Lewis Morris wrote to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, the missionary arm of the Church of England , persuading the society that New York City was an ideal community in which to establish a college; [22] however, not until the founding of Princeton University across the Hudson River in New Jersey did the City of New York seriously consider founding a college. [22] In 1746 an act was passed by the general assembly of New York to raise funds for the foundation of a new college. In 1751, the assembly appointed a commission of ten New York residents, seven of whom were members of the Church of England , to direct the funds accrued by the state lottery towards the foundation of a college. [23] Classes were initially held in July 1754 and were presided over by the college’s first president, Dr. Samuel Johnson . [24] Dr. Johnson was the only instructor of the college’s first class, which consisted of a mere eight students. Instruction was held in a new schoolhouse adjoining Trinity Church , located on what is now lower Broadway in Manhattan. [25] The college was officially founded on October 31, 1754, as King’s College by royal charter of King George II , making it the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of N	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,597	Where is the US Masters Golf tournament always held	Masters Preview: Our Picks To Win - Golf Digest Alex Myers, Associate Editor at GolfDigest.com. The goal is to put together five-man teams for a contest that will reward not only picking the winner, but the best collective performance. We hope our selections can also be of use to you, no matter what type of fantasy league or Masters pool you might be a part of. The draft order -- aka the Tiger Woods sweepstakes -- was determined by picking names out of a hat, and Ms. Mayo was the lucky lottery winner. 1. Ashley Mayo: Surprise, surprise, I'm going with Tiger Woods. The man is rolling the ball better than anyone on tour . Literally. He leads all other golfers in the all-important strokes gained putting statistic, and consider this: he made 35 putts of eight feet or longer in his last two starts, and on Saturday at Bay Hill, he made 17 out of 18 putts within 20 feet. At a venue that rewards not only length (which Tiger clearly has) but also precision on the greens, Tiger is undeniably the guy to beat. 2. Alex Myers: Nooooooo! You picked Tiger?! Sigh. OK, I'll take Augusta's No. 2 man of this generation, Phil Mickelson. Lefty showed he has as much firepower as ever when he torched TPC Scottsdale earlier this year for a 28-under total and has showed similar spurts since at Doral and in Houston. Mickelson always seems to play well at Augusta (nine top 5s in the past 12 years) and if not for a wayward tee shot on the par-3 fourth hole on Sunday last year, we'd probably be talking about him going for a fifth green jacket this year. 3. Sam Weinman: A four-time Masters champ and a three-time champ go 1 and 2. You guys are BOLD. I'm going with the mercurial Dustin Johnson, who when he's not off galavanting with Paulina Gretzky , has proven to be capable of some stellar golf this year. Needless to say, he's plenty long to take advantage of Augusta's par 5s. 4. Geoff Shackelford: Mercurial? I suppose you could say that for Brandt Snedeker's rib, but his putter is anything but and if he's healthy enough, this former contender here has to be a top pick going in. Draw a line through the missed cuts at Bay Hill and Houston, his game is built for majors and he'll be ready. 5. Geoff (continued): As for my second pick, Justin Rose is not terribly daring because the World No. 3 seems to be everyone's second choice behind Tiger. Rose has been the most consistent golfer over the last year and though he seems to keep finishing second, he sports T-11 and T-8 finishes in his last two Masters and is must to include on your ticket. 6. Sam: You can have Justin Rose. From what I recall he starts out Masters great. Finishing them? Not so much. I will take Mr. Permagrin, Matt Kuchar, who has picked up two big wins in the past year, and made some noise at Augusta as well. A Masters win would hardly be a surprise. Related: Augusta National's unwritten rules 7. Alex: Darn. I almost took Kuchar with my first pick. OK, I'll bite and take the world's No. 2 player, Rory McIlroy. It is the SEVENTH pick after all. Sure, he's off to a lackluster start to the 2013 season, but he's got the talent to turn things around in a hurry like he did last year at the PGA Championship. Besides, D.A. Points just won after not having finished better than T-63 in his first nine starts of the year. 8. Ashley: With a gaze like Keegan Bradley's, I've gotta go with him for my second pick. He started the year pretty poorly, but the in-your-face Ryder Cupper has clearly regained his game and his confidence. We know he can win a major, so if he can continue his steady play he'll have the wherewithal to stay cool on the back nine at Augusta on Sunday. 9. Ashley (continued): Next, I like Bill Haas. I'm picking him for three main reasons: One, Alex doesn't ever stop talking about him (man crush, I think); two, because he's lurked on the first page of the leader board for a few consecutive weeks now, recording three top-10 finishes in his last three starts; and three, because he's proven he knows how to handle pressure. A flop shot from a lake to save par and win 10 million bucks? NO PROB	SAY YOUR PRAYERS AMEN CORNER MAY BE MORE FAMOUS, BUT A STRETCH ON THE FRONT NINE'S MORE DANGEROUS Mike Tyson Search SAY YOUR PRAYERS AMEN CORNER MAY BE MORE FAMOUS, BUT A STRETCH ON THE FRONT NINE'S MORE DANGEROUS April 7, 1997 Golf Plus Golfers Special Commemorative Section Basketball NBA Extra Juice Books FACES IN THE CROWD 12 Environment Rodents Running Golfers The Final Fours Ability Pro Football Salary cap Pro Basketball Casinos Tennis Women's tennis Golf Journalism Hockey Hockey players Baseball Contracts Tickets [bonus Piece] Business Inside The NBA It is Thursday morning, April 10, and our hero, the Masters rookie, is off to a good start. With a solid par at the 1st hole and a birdie at the par-5 2nd, he stands on the 3rd tee knowing that if he can make another birdie or two on the next few holes, his name will go up on the giant leader boards scattered around the course. Poor fellow. Little does he know that immediately ahead lies the potential for disaster. The next three holes, with the benign-sounding names of Flowering Peach, Flowering Crab Apple and Magnolia, were the most difficult three-hole stretch at Augusta National last year. Call it the Hot Corner. This is an article from the April 7, 1997 issue Original Layout For many years the first three holes on the back nine--the 10th, plus the first two thirds of the storied Amen Corner--played the hardest statistically. If you've watched the Masters on television, you know the holes well: the long, downhill 10th, its green surrounded by majestic pines; the 11th, where Larry Mize chipped in to beat Greg Norman in 1987; and the 12th, the short but dangerous par-3 over Rae's Creek, scene of so many disasters. "Three, 4 and 5 are every bit as difficult," says Sandy Lyle, the 1988 champion. Phil Mickelson agrees. "You just want to play for par and get out of there," he says. If your only Masters experience comes from TV, you've never seen the 3rd, 4th and 5th, owing to Augusta National's absurd policy of treating the front nine like a leper colony. Why not join our Masters rookie as he prepares to hit his drive? The 3rd hole, at 360 yards, is the shortest par-4 (along with number 7) on the course and is deceptively easy-looking, but last year it was the sixth-most difficult hole. "It's at number 3 where the course starts to play mind games with you," says Ken Venturi, who twice came within a stroke of winning the Masters. "Here is a short hole with no water and just one greenside bunker. Yet it's so difficult." There are pines on the right, a cluster of bunkers on the left. "I've seen players use everything from a driver to a long iron off the tee," says Arnold Palmer. "The strategy is to leave yourself a full shot--wedge, nine-iron, whatever--to the green. Because the green's on a plateau and narrow, you must be able to stop the ball. That's essential." Sounds easy enough, but the green is fronted on the left by an extreme upslope. "Leave it short and you're dead," says John Cook. "The ball will spin back off the green and roll all the way to the bottom." That happened to Nick Faldo last year in the third round. When his recovery chip was also short and rolled back 10 yards off the green, he wound up with a double-bogey 6. The green has a definite right-to-left slant, so when the pin is to the left, a shot played to the middle of the green will trickle down toward the hole. However, the pin is usually to the right on Saturday or Sunday, requiring a left-to-right cut shot, something that can be extremely difficult if the Augusta breezes are blowing from the left. Gary Player, a three-time winner, tells this story: Years ago he was sitting with Bobby Jones at the champions dinner. He told Jones that when the pin was to the left, the hole was almost impossible to birdie, since the green was only seven yards deep at that point. Jones leaned forward with a devilish grin and said, "You're not supposed to make birdie on 3. The hole was designed for a 4." For the last two years the 4th, a 210-yard par-3, has been the toughest hole on the course, playing at an average of	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,598	A sallet, part of Medieval armour, was worn on which part of the body?	Medieval Armour Armour Mail, or chainmail, made of interlocking iron rings, which may be riveted or welded shut is believed to have been invented in Eastern Europe about 500 BC. Gradually, small additional plates or discs of iron were added to the mail to protect vulnerable areas. Hardened leather and splinted construction were used for arm and leg pieces. A coat of plates was developed, an armour made of large plates sewn inside a textile or leather coat. Early plate in Italy, and elsewhere in the 13th15th century were made of iron. Iron armour could be carburised or case hardened to give a surface of harder steel. Plate armour became cheaper than mail by the 15th century as it required less labour and labour had become much more expensive after the Black Death, though it did require larger furnaces to produce larger blooms. Mail continued to be used to protect those joints which could not be adequately protected by plate, such as the armpit, crook of the elbow and groin. Another advantage of plate was that a lance rest could be fitted to the breast plate. The small skull cap evolved into a bigger true helmet, the bascinet, as it was lengthened downward to protect the back of the neck and the sides of the head. Additionally, several new forms of fully enclosed helmets were introduced in the late 1300s. Probably the most recognised style of armour in the World became the plate armour associated with the knights of the European Late Middle Ages, but continuing to the early 17th century Age of Enlightenment in all European countries. By about 1400 the full harness of plate armour had been developed in armouries of Lombardy. Heavy cavalry dominated the battlefield for centuries in part because of their armour. In the early 15th century, advances in weaponry allowed infantry to defeat armoured knights on the battlefield. The quality of the metal used in armour deteriorated as armies became bigger and armour was made thicker, necessitating breeding of larger cavalry horses. If during the 1415th centuries armour seldom weighed more than 15kgs, than by the late 16th century it weighed 25 kg. The increasing weight and thickness of late 16th century armour therefore gave substantial resistance. In the early years of low velocity firearms, full suits of armour, or breast plates stopped bullets fired from a modest distance. Crossbow bolts would seldom penetrate good plate, nor would any bullet unless fired from close range. In effect, rather than making plate armour obsolete, the use of firearms stimulated the development of plate armour into its later stages. For most of that period, it allowed horsemen to fight while being the targets of defending arquebuseers without being easily killed. Full suits of armour were worn by generals and princely commanders right up to the second decade of the 18th century. It was the only way they could be mounted and survey the overall battlefield with safety from distant musket fire. The horse was afforded protection from lances and infantry weapons by steel plate barding. This gave the horse protection and enhanced the visual impression of a mounted knight. Late in the era, elaborate barding was used in parade armour. Gradually starting in the mid 16th century, one plate element after another was discarded to save weight for foot soldiers. Back and breast plates continued to be used throughout the entire period of	Coat of Arms Coat of Arms The Prince of Wales and The Duchess of Cornwall The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge Prince Harry Residences Coat of Arms The Prince of Wales’s coat of arms has long historical links with the heraldry of his ancestors. The main shield is the Royal Arms of the United Kingdom. It has been used in this form since the reign of Queen Victoria. In the first and fourth quarters of the shield are the three gold lions on a red field of the Sovereigns of England. The second quarter of the shield contains Scotland’s red lion rampant on gold. In the third is the golden harp of Ireland on a blue field. The shield is marked with a white label to show that it is borne by the eldest son of the Sovereign during the latter’s lifetime. There is a smaller shield within the larger shield which represents the shield of arms of the original native princes of Gwynedd, with quarters of gold and red with four counter-coloured lions. This shield is surmounted by the coronet of the Heir Apparent. In heraldry this is depicted in the same way as the crown of the Sovereign except that it has one arch instead of two. Surrounding the whole is the blue buckled garter of the Most Noble Order of the Garter which bears in gold letters the motto, ‘Honi soit qui mal y pense’ which means ‘Shame upon him who thinks evil of it’ in Old French. On top of the shield the royal crest, a gold lion crowned with The Prince’s coronet and a white label about its neck, stands upon a larger coronet. This in turn sits upon the Royal Helm from both sides of which flow the gold and ermine mantling of the royal family. On either side, standing on gold scrollwork, are the royal supporters, the Lion and the Unicorn; both have a white label around their necks to again signify the eldest son of the Sovereign. Beneath them in the centre is the shield of arms of the Duchy of Cornwall surmounted by his coronet. On the left is the badge of The Prince of Wales, the three ostrich feathers encircled by a gold coronet, and on the right is the royal badge of the Red Dragon of Wales. Around its neck there is also a white label, to distinguish it from that of the Sovereign. Under the achievement is a scroll bearing the motto of The Prince of Wales ‘Ich dien’, which means ‘I serve’.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,599	Which epic poem by John Milton tells the story of the Fall of Adam and Eve?	Paradise Lost \| Epic Poetry Paradise Lost Home Paradise Lost Paradise Lost is an epic poem in blank verse by the 17th-century English poet John Milton (1608-1674). The first version, published in 1667, consisted of ten books with over ten thousand lines of verse. A second edition followed in 1674, arranged into twelve books (in the manner of Virgil's Aeneid) with minor revisions throughout and a note on the versification. It is considered by critics to be Milton's major work, and helped solidify his reputation as one of the greatest English poets of his time. The poem concerns the Biblical story of the Fall of Man: the temptation of Adam and Eve by the fallen angel Satan and their expulsion from the Garden of Eden. Milton's purpose, stated in Book I, is to "justify the ways of God to men". Synopsis The poem is separated into twelve "books" or sections, the lengths of which vary greatly (the longest is Book IX, with 1,189 lines, and the shortest Book VII, with 640). The Arguments at the head of each book were added in subsequent imprints of the first edition. Originally published in ten books, a fully "Revised and Augmented" edition reorganized into twelve books was issued in 1674, and this is the edition generally used today. The poem follows the epic tradition of starting in medias res (Latin for in the midst of things), the background story being recounted later. Milton's story has two narrative arcs, one about Satan (Lucifer) and the other following Adam and Eve. It begins after Satan and the other rebel angels have been defeated and banished to Hell, or, as it is also called in the poem, Tartarus. In Pandæmonium, Satan employs his rhetorical skill to organise his followers; he is aided by Mammon and Beelzebub. Belial and Moloch are also present. At the end of the debate, Satan volunteers to poison the newly created Earth and God's new and most favoured creation, Mankind. He braves the dangers of the Abyss alone in a manner reminiscent of Odysseus or Aeneas. After an arduous traversal of the Chaos outside Hell, he enters God's new material World, and later the Garden of Eden. At several points in the poem, an Angelic War over Heaven is recounted from different perspectives. Satan's rebellion follows the epic convention of large-scale warfare. The battles between the faithful angels and Satan's forces take place over three days. At the final battle, the Son of God single-handedly defeats the entire legion of angelic rebels and banishes them from Heaven. Following this purge, God creates the World, culminating in his creation of Adam and Eve. While God gave Adam and Eve total freedom and power to rule over all creation, he gave them one explicit command: not to eat from the Tree of the knowledge of good and evil on penalty of death. The story of Adam and Eve's temptation and fall is a fundamentally different, new kind of epic: a domestic one. Adam and Eve are presented for the first time in Christian literature as having a full relationship while still being without sin. They have passions and distinct personalities. Satan, disguised in the form of a serpent, successfully tempts Eve to eat from the Tree by preying on her vanity and tricking her with rhetoric. Adam, learning that Eve has sinned, knowingly commits the same sin. He declares to Eve that since she was made from his flesh, they are bound to one another ‒ if she dies, he must also die. In this manner, Milton portrays Adam as a heroic figure, but also as a greater sinner than Eve, as he is aware that what he is doing is wrong. After eating the fruit, Adam and Eve have lustful sex. At first, Adam is convinced that Eve was right in thinking that eating the fruit would be beneficial. However, they soon fall asleep and have terrible nightmares, and after they awake, they experience guilt and shame for the first time. Realizing that they have committed a terrible act against God, they engage in mutual recrimination. Eve's pleas to Adam reconcile them somewhat. Her encouragement enables Adam and Eve both to approach God, to "bow and sue for grace with suppliant knee"	The Glastonbury Legend - An Introduction The Glastonbury Legend - An Introduction Closeup of Wearyall Hill, as seen from Glastonbury Tor. This is where Joseph of Arimatheia on his arrival from the Holy Land supposedly planted his staff, which flowered into a hawthorn tree. "And did these feet in ancient time / Walk upon England's mountains green? /And was the holy Lamb of God /On England's pleasant pastures seen?" begins William Blake's poem ‘Prelude To Milton,’ the basis of England's "alternate national anthem," Jerusalem. (See inset below right.) It is perhaps the most familiar source referring to what is known as the Glastonbury Legend or The Holy Legend, though the allusion is not always understood by those singing the hymn. In summary, the legend is this: Joseph of Arimatheia was a rich man, a relative of Jesus (and one of his covert disciples), who after the Crucifixion claimed the body of Jesus from Pilate. He came to Britain with other disciples and founded the first British church at Glastonbury, where he planted his staff. This miraculously flowered into a tree, The Glastonbury Thorn, whose offshoots may still be seen today, flowering every Christmas. (A sprig or cutting is sent to Buckingham Palace every year from this tree, which analysis has shown is a Palestinian variety.) Joseph also brought and kept there certain sacred relics, perhaps the Chalice Cup or Grail. He knew Britain from his trips as a tin merchant, and in fact, on one of his trips he had brought his nephew, the boy Jesus. Joseph, and some say the Virgin Mary, is said to be buried there, along with the Grail featured in legends of Arthur – whose official tomb is still to be seen there. Although Blake's own source of inspiration may lie in the rumour (perhaps begun by him) he was a Druid, the 'Holy legend' first surfaced in print in the Grail romances of the early Middle Ages. There was a Romance from around 1200 called Joseph Of Arimatheia, depicting him and his followers (not the Church) as Keepers of the Grail, never reaching Britain but founder of a secret Order whose members	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,600	What sign of the zodiac would you be if you were born on St. Valentine's Day?	Astrology: Why Your Zodiac Sign and Horoscope Are Wrong Astrology: Why Your Zodiac Sign and Horoscope Are Wrong By Pedro Braganca \| October 23, 2007 12:16pm ET MORE It's a great conversation starter: "What's your sign?" But before you ask or answer that question, consider this: Your zodiac sign corresponds to the position of the sun relative to constellations as they appeared more 2,200 years ago! The science behind astrology may have its roots in astronomy but don't confuse these two disciplines. Astronomy can explain the position of the stars in the sky but it’s up to you to determine what, if anything, their alignment signifies. In short, as you'll see below, your zodiac sign is not what you think it is, and your corresponding horoscope can't be right. [Read: Wobbly Earth Means Your Horoscope Is Wrong ] The Constellations of the Zodiac The ecliptic, or the position of the Sun as it’s perceived from the revolving Earth, passes through the constellations that formed the Zodiac - Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius and Pisces. Zodiac signs were originally determined by which constellation the Sun was "in" on the day you were born. Early astronomers observed the Sun traveling through the signs of the Zodiac in the course of one year, spending about a month in each. Thus, they calculated that each constellation extends 30 degrees across the ecliptic. However, a phenomenon called precession has altered the position of the constellations we see today. Precession and Astrology The first day of spring in the Northern Hemisphere was once marked by the zero point of the Zodiac. Astronomers call this the vernal equinox and it occurs as the ecliptic and celestial equator intersect. Around 600 BCE, the zero point was in Aries and was called the "first point of Aries." (Figure 1) The constellation Aries encompassed the first 30 degrees of the ecliptic; from 30 to 60 degrees was Taurus; from 60 to 90 degrees was Gemini; and so on for all twelve constellations of the Zodiac. Unbeknownst to the ancient astrologers, the Earth continually wobbles around its axis in a 25,800-year cycle. This wobble—called precession—is caused by the gravitational attraction of the Moon on Earth's equatorial bulge. Over the past two-and-a-half millennia, this wobble has caused the intersection point between the celestial equator and the ecliptic to move west along the ecliptic by 36 degrees, or almost exactly one-tenth of the way around. This means that the signs have slipped one-tenth—or almost one whole month—of the way around the sky to the west, relative to the stars beyond. For instance, those born between March 21 and April 19 consider themselves to be Aries. Today, the Sun is no longer within the constellation of Aries during much of that period. From March 11 to April 18, the Sun is actually in the constellation of Pisces! (Figure 2) See also Figure 3, which demonstrates the precession of the equinoxes from 600 BCE to 2600. Your "Real Sign" The table below lists the dates when the Sun is actually within the astronomical constellations of the Zodiac, according to modern constellation boundaries and corrected for precession (these dates can vary a day from year to year). You will most likely find that once precession is taken into account, your zodiac sign is different. And if you were born between November 29 and December 17, your sign is actually one you never saw in the newspaper: you are an Ophiuchus! The eliptic passes through the constellation of Ophiuchus after Scorpius. Now you really have something cool with which to start that conversation! Check out your “real” zodiac sign below and see what the sky looked like on your birthday by going to the Birthday Sky application. Capricorn - Jan 20 to Feb 16 Aquarius - Feb 16 to Mar 11 Pisces - Mar 11 to Apr 18 Aries - Apr 18 to May 13 Taurus - May 13 to Jun 21 Gemini - Jun 21 to Jul 20 Cancer - Jul 20 to Aug 10 Leo - Aug 10 to Sep 16 Virgo - Sep 16 to Oct 30 Libra - Oct 30 to Nov 23 Scorpius - Nov 23 to Nov 29 Ophiuchus - Nov 29 to Dec 17 Sagit	What famous sauce is manufactured by McIlhenny & Co? Tabasco What year was th - Pastebin.com In what country can one find 40 species of lemurs? A: Madagascar. RAW Paste Data What famous sauce is manufactured by McIlhenny & Co? Tabasco What year was the first motor race held that was classed as Formula 1? 1950 In the wild west, how was Henry McCarty better known? Billy The Kid How many stories did each of the World Trade Towers have? 110 What is the name of the cafe in Coronation Street? Roy's Rolls According to the BBC how many rooms are there in Buckingham Palace? 775 What is the busiest single-runway airport in the world? London Gatwick By number of films made, which country has the largest film industry? India Who lit the Olympic flame at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics? Muhammad Ali On what day of the year is St George's day held? 23rd of April The scientific unit lumen is used in the measurement of what? Light Which Apollo moon mission was the first to carry a lunar rover vehicle? Apollo 15 Who wrote the Twilight series of novels? Stephenie Meyer What is the capital of India? New Delhi Who wrote the poem 'The Owl and the Pussycat'? Edward Lear Which country had a secret police force known as the Tonton Macoute? Haiti In which city is the European Parliament based? Strasbourg Gala, Jonagold and Pink Lady are varieties of which fruit? Apple Which organ of the body is affected by Bright's Disease? Kidney What is the boiling point of water in Kelvin? 373 K What was the 1st human invention that broke the sound barrier? The whip What name was given to the Samurai code of honour? Bushido What colour is the bullseye on a standard dartboard? Red What song does the main character wake up to every morning in Groundhog Day? I Got You Babe What is the only Central American country in which baseball, not soccer, is the people's favourite sport? Nicaragua What is the largest fresh water lake in North America? Lake Superior Which South American country was named after the Italian city of Venice? Venezuela How many rounds are there in an olympic boxing match? 4 The highest temperature ever recorded outside in the shade was recorded in Azizah, in Africa. In which country is this city located? Libya Which Hasbro `action figure` got its name from a Robert Mitchum film? G.I. Joe In which country is the highest mountain in South America? Argentina How many emirates make up the United Arab Emirates? 7 If you were putting numbers on new changing room lockers to be numbered from 1 to 100, how many times would you use the number 9? 20 Which famous group performed the first ever song on Top Of The Pops in 1964? The Rolling Stones Who wrote the novel Revolutionary Road, which was made into a successful feature film? Richard Yates Which supermodel is seen pole dancing in the White Stripes video for the song `I Just Don`t Know What To Do With Myself`? Kate Moss Which band has released albums titled `Word Gets Around`, `Just Enough Education To Perform` and `Pull The Pin`? Stereophonics In the Adrian Mole Diaries, what is the surname of his girlfriend? Braiwaithe Charlotte Edwards led England`s women to World Cup glory in which sport in March 2009? Cricket What is sake made from? Rice Affenpinscher, Keeshond and Leonberger are all types of what? Dog Who won the 2009 Rugby World Sevens Cup? Wales Who is the only player to win a Champion`s League medal, the Premiership and the FA Cup, and to be relegated from the Premiership without going on to play in the Championship? Kanu With which club did David Beckham make his football league debut? Preston North End Who is the host of the TV show Q.I.? Stephen Fry Anyone Can Fall In Love was a chart hit set to the theme tune of which TV show? EastEnders Who is the only character to appear in the first ever Coronation Street who is still in the show at 2009? Ken Barlow The film `Black Hawk Down` was loosely based on a true incident that took place in 1993 in which country? Somalia What word does the bird constantly repeat in Edgar Allan Poe`s classic poem `The Raven`? Nevermore In the board game `Risk`, what c	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,601	Which of the Teletubbies is missing - Tinky-Winky, Laa-Laa, Po and ?	Teletubbies: Action Story - YouTube Teletubbies: Action Story Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Jun 27, 2014 Category	History of Scooby Doo \| The Scooby Store Scooby Doo History The History of Scooby Doo Scooby-Doo is an animated series produced for Saturday morning television in several different versions beginning on September 13, 1969 until the present. Over the years, the series has had several names and characters. The original 1969 series was called “Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!” It was created for Hanna-Barbera Productions by writers Joe Ruby and Ken Spears and character designer, Iwao Takamoto. Hanna-Barbera produced numerous spin-offs and related works until being absorbed in 1997 into Warner Bros. Animation, which has handled production since then. Although the format of the show and the cast (and ages) of characters have varied significantly over the years, the most familiar versions of the show feature a talking dog named Scooby-Doo and four teenagers: Fred "Freddie" Jones, Daphne Blake, Velma Dinkley, and Norville "Shaggy" Rogers. These five characters (collectively known as “Mystery, Inc.”, but never referred to as such in the original series) drive around the world in a van called the “Mystery Machine,” and solve mysteries typically involving tales of ghosts and other supernatural forces. At the end of each episode, the supernatural forces turn out to have a rational explanation, typically criminal plots involving costumes, latex masks and special effects intended to frighten or distract. Scooby-Doo was originally broadcast on CBS from 1969 to 1976, when it moved to ABC. ABC aired the show until canceling it in 1986, and presented a spin-off, “A Pup Named Scooby-Doo,” from 1988 until 1991. This series focused on the Scooby gang as children. “What's New, Scooby-Doo?” aired on the WB Network during the Kids' WB programming block from 2002 until 2005. The current Scooby-Doo series, “Shaggy & Scooby-Doo Get a Clue!,” airs Saturday mornings on The CW network. Repeats of the original series (“Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!”), as well as second-run episodes of “What's New, Scooby-Doo?,” are broadcast frequently on the Cartoon Network and Boomerang in the United States and other countries. The Birth of Scooby Doo and the Scooby Gang Scooby was born in the 1960s. In 1968, a number of parent-run organizations, most notably Action for Children's Television (ACT), began vocally protesting what they perceived as an excessive amount of gratuitous violence in Saturday morning cartoons during the mid-to-late 1960s. Most of these shows were Hanna-Barbera action cartoons such as Jonny Quest, Space Ghost and The Herculoids, and virtually all of them were canceled by 1969 because of pressure from the parent groups. Members of these watchgroups served as advisers to Hanna-Barbera and other animation studios to ensure that their new programs would be safe for children. There was an additional motivation, an animated version of the Beatles had put on by a competing network and was beating the pants off the CBS Saturday morning cartoon lineup. Fred Silverman, executive in charge of children's programming for the CBS network at the time, was looking for a show that would revitalize his Saturday morning line-up and please the watchgroups at the same time. Silverman had recently scored big with “The Archie Show.” Silverman was eager to expand upon this success, and contacted producers William Hanna and Joseph Barbera about possibly creating another show based around a teenage rock group, but with an extra element: the kids would solve mysteries in between their gigs. Silverman envisioned the show as a cross between the popular I Love a Mystery radio serials of the 1940s and the popular early 1960s TV show The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis. Hanna and Barbera passed this task along to two of their head storymen, Joe Ruby and Ken Spears, and artist/character designer Iwao Takamoto. Their original concept of the show bore the title “Mysteries Five,” and featured five teens (Geoff, Mike, Kelly, Linda, and Linda's brother "W.W.") and their dog, “Too Much,” who were all in a band called “The Mysteries Five” (even the dog; he played the bongos). When “The Mysteries	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,602	Felix Baumgartner holder of the world freefall record was born in which country?	Felix Baumgartner \| Red Bull Stratos Red Bull Stratos Go Red Bull Stratos Pilot "I love a challenge, and trying to become the first person to break the speed of sound in freefall is a challenge like no other." Felix Baumgartner With a passion for expanding boundaries, especially in the air, Red Bull Stratos pilot Felix Baumgartner is an expert parachutist best known for completing an unprecedented freefall flight across the English Channel using a carbon wing. Felix, born April 20, 1969, grew up in Salzburg, Austria where he dreamed of skydiving and flying helicopters and was inspired by astronauts on TV. He made his first skydive at age 16. After sharpening his parachute skills as a member of a Special Forces demonstration team for the Austrian military, he supported himself by repairing motorcycles before becoming a skydiving professional. Eager to test the limits, Felix set a record for history's lowest BASE jump (from Rio de Janeiro's Christ the Redeemer statue), twice set world records for the highest BASE jump from a building (Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur and Taipei 101 tower), and even landed his canopy inside a cave in Croatia. Felix was named to Vienna's Street of Champions and nominated for a World Sports Award and two categories in the NEA Extreme Sports Awards. A licensed gas balloon pilot, he has earned private helicopter licenses in Austria and the United States, as well as a commercial European helicopter license, and he is an advocate for the nonprofit Wings for Life Spinal Cord Research Foundation. In training for Red Bull Stratos, Felix divides his time between Switzerland and the United States, but, he says, "The air is where I am at home."	RAGMAG Ohm Issue \| Sept 2011 \| Issue#16 by RAGMAG Magazine (page 138) - issuu issuu 1. What is the difference between a spiral and a helix? 1. Where can you find the Church of the Holy Sepulchre? 1. What is the S.I. standard of temperature? 2. What is it called when a liquid is cooled to below its freezing point but it does not freeze? 2. The port of Mocha is in which country? 2. Boats and planes can roll and what other two ways do they move? 3. What do the letters LI-ION mean on a battery? 4. What is the difference between KVA and KW? 5. Melanophobia is the fear of what? 3. what is the capital of Latvia? 4. Which of these is NOT a wine region of France? Rhone, Alsace, Rioja, Bordeaux or Jura? 5. The Island of Madeira is in which ocean? Atlantic, Pacific or Indian? 6. If something is described as being anular in shape, what does it 6. The Alpine Ski Resort of St. resemble? Moritz is in which country? 7. You have three identically shaped balls 1Kg, 2Kg and 3Kg and you drop them from 20 Meters, which one will land first? 8. In climatology, to what does the term “Pluvial” refer? 7. The world’s highest swing, called the Nevis Arc, is located in which country? 8. Ibiza is in which Mediterranean island group? 9. Tirana is the capital of which 9. The Pascal is the SI unit of country? pressure.The Bar is the ilder term. 1 Bar is equivalent to how many 10. What is China’s second KiloPascal? largest river? 10. What element, whose symbol derives from its Greek name hydrargyrum, meaning watering silver, melts at -38.83 °C and yet boils at 356.73 °C? 3. What is the chemical symbol for Ozone? 4. What is the name given to the bending of light as it passes from one substance to another? 1. What cheese is made backwards? 2. If you write all the numbers from 300 to 400, how many times would you write the number 3? 3. What kind of bees make milk? 4. Where on earth do the winds always blow from the south? 5. If you feed me I will live but if you give me water I will die. What am i? 5. What computer operating 6. If five thousand, five hundred fifty system has a penguin as its logo? five dollars is written as $5,555, how should twelve thousand, twelve 6. There are three types of nuclear hundred twelve dollars be written? radiation. Gamma is one. Name the other two. 7. What number is next in this sequence? 1, 3, 4, 7, 11... 7. When a liquid changes from liquid to gas it’s called evaporation. What 8. Can you name three consecutive is it called when a solid changes days without using the words to gas? Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, or 8. What is the name of the pigment Sunday? that gives leaves their green colour? 9. Mr. and Mrs. Mustard have six daughters and each daughter has 9. What is the cube root of 8000? one brother. How many people are in the Mustard family? 10. In an electrical circuit diagram, what is denoted by circle 10. A horse is tied to a 5 m. rope; 6 m. containing the capital letter A? away from it, is a bail of hay. Without breaking the rope, the horse is able to get to the bail of hay. How is this possible? dingbats LONDON PARIS Book 2 COST $100.00 EACH 12 COST $50.00 EACH Film COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN COUNTDOWN Song ROUND#1 1. A spiral is on a flat plane 2. Super Cooled 3. Lithium Ion 4. KW takes into account the power factor 5. Colour Black 6. Ring 7. At the same time 8. Rainfall 9.100 10. Mercury ROUND#2 1. Jerusalem 2. Yemen 3. Riga 4. Rioja 5. Atlantic 6. Switzerland 7. New Zealand 8. Balearic Islands 9. Albania 10. Yellow River ROUND#3 1. Kelvin 2. Pitch and Yaw 3. O3 4. Refraction 5. Linux 6. Alpha and Beta 7. Sublimation 8. Chlorophyl 9. 20 10. Ammetre ROUND#4 1. Edam 2. 120 3. Boobies 4. North Pole 5. Fire 6. 13,212 7. 18 8. Yesterday, today and tomorrow 9. Nine 10. The other end is not tied to anything A TALE (TAIL) OF TO CITIES - THE LION, THE WITCH AND THE WARDROBE - HOT CHOCOLATE THREE BLIND MICE - ONE FLEW OVER THE CUCKOO’S NEST - LITTLE WOMEN DANGEROUS MINDS - CHEAPER BY THE DOZEN - FINAL COUNTDOWN 138 RAGMAG \| SEPTEMBER 2011	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,603	What famous French film production/newsreel brand, established in 1896, was the first major movie corporation?	Macclesfield Pub Quiz League: CUP AND PLATE QUESTIONS FOR TUESDAY 28TH JANUARY CUP AND PLATE QUESTIONS FOR TUESDAY 28TH JANUARY Questions set by the Waters Green Lemmings and the Bate Horntails. ROUND ONE: Q1: The characters Vladimir and Estragon appear? A: Waiting for Godot. Q2: What relation was Pliny the Younger to Pliny the Elder? A: Nephew. Q3: Which member of the Royal Family is nicknamed “Princess Pushy”? A: Princess Michael of Kent. Q4: What was the name of Perry Mason’s secretary? A: Della Street. Q5: What famous French film production/newsreel brand, established in 1896, was the first major movie corporation? A: Pathé (Pathé Frères - Pathé Brothers) Q6: Which King conferred the title “Royal and Ancient” on the Golf Club at St. Andrews? A: William IV. Q7: In which U.S. state is the vast majority of Yellowstone National Park? A: Wyoming. Q8: Which was the last British group to win the Eurovision Song Contest? A: Katrina and the Waves (in 1997 with Love Shine A Light). Q9: In October 2013, Sebastian Vettel won the F1 Driver’s Championship for the 4th consecutive time, but how many other people have achieved this feat? A: Three: (Juan Manuel Fangio; Alain Prost; Michael Schumacher). Q10: Which country finished third in the 1966 World Cup? A: Portugal. Q11: What was the surname of Art Historian and nun, Sister Wendy? A: Becket. Q12: What is the capital of Tajikistan? A: Dushanbe. Q13: Which Beatles album followed Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band? A: Magical Mystery Tour. Q14: Which detective was created by W J Burley? A: Wycliffe. Q15: Which of Enid Blyton’s Famous Five owned Timmy the Dog? A: George. Q16: In which prison was the television series “Porridge” set? Slade. Q17: Where in the human body is the radius? A: The forearm (accept arm). Q18: To which country do the islands of Spitzbergen belong? A: Norway. Q19: In which year was the Festival of Britain? A: 1951. Q20: In whose shop window did Bagpuss sit? A: Emily’s. Q1: At which English racecourse would you find Devil’s Dyke? A: Newmarket. Q2: Which is the largest moon in the Solar System? A: Ganymede. Q3: How many Nobel Prizes are usually awarded each year? A: Six: (Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Literature, Peace and Economics). Q4: Who was the last King of Italy?	Film History Before 1920 1970s \| 1980s \| 1990s \| 2000s \| 2010s The Lumiere Brothers and the Cinematographe: The innovative Lumiere brothers in France, Louis and Auguste (often called "the founding fathers of modern film"), who worked in a Lyons factory that manufactured photographic equipment and supplies, were inspired by Edison's work. They created their own combo movie camera and projector - a more portable, hand-held and lightweight device that could be cranked by hand and could project movie images to several spectators. It was dubbed the Cinematographe and patented in February, 1895. The multi-purpose device (combining camera, printer and projecting capabilities in the same housing) was more profitable because more than a single spectator could watch the film on a large screen. They used a film width of 35mm, and a speed of 16 frames per second - an industry norm until the talkies. By the advent of sound film in the late 1920s, 24 fps became the standard. The first public test and demonstration of the Lumieres' camera-projector system (the Cinematographe) was made on March 22, 1895, in the Lumieres' basement. During the private screening to a scientific conference - a trial run for their public screening later at the end of the year (see below), they caused a sensation with their first film, Workers Leaving the Lumiere Factory (La Sortie des Ouviers de L'Usine Lumiere a Lyon), although it only consisted of an everyday outdoor image - factory workers leaving the Lumiere factory gate for home or for a lunch break. As generally acknowledged, cinema (a word derived from Cinematographe) was born on December 28, 1895, in Paris, France. The Lumieres presented the first commercial and public exhibition of a projected motion picture to a paying public in the world's first movie theatre - in the Salon Indien, at the Grand Cafe on Paris' Boulevard des Capucines. [In 1897, a cinema building was built in Paris, solely for the purpose of showing films.] It has often been considered "the birth of film" or "the First Cinema" since the Cinematographe was the first advanced projector (not experimental) and the first to be offered for sale. The 20-minute program included ten short films with twenty showings a day. These factual shorts (or mini-documentaries), termed actualities, with the mundane quality of home movies, included the following: La Sortie des Ouviers de L'Usine Lumière à Lyon (1895) (Workers Leaving the Lumiere Factory) (46 seconds) La Voltige (1895) (Horse Trick Riders) (46 seconds) La Pêche aux Poissons Rouges (1895) (Fishing for Goldfish) (42 seconds) Le Débarquement du Congrès de Photographie à Lyon (1895) (The Disembarkment of the Congress of Photographers in Lyon) (48 seconds) Les Forgerons (1895) (Blacksmiths) (49 seconds) Le Jardinier (l'Arroseur Arrosé) (The Gardener or The Sprinkler Sprinkled) (1895) (49 seconds) Le Repas (de Bébé) (1895) (Baby's Meal) (41 seconds) Le Saut à la Couverture (1895) (Jumping onto the Blanket) (41 seconds) La Place des Cordeliers à Lyon (1895) (Cordeliers Square in Lyon) (44 seconds) La Mer (Baignade en Mer) (1895) (Bathing in the Sea) (38 seconds) The ten shorts included the famous first comedy (# 6) of a gardener with a watering hose (aka The Sprinkler Sprinkled, Waterer and Watered, or L'Arrouseur Arrose), the factory worker short (# 1, see above), a sequence (# 9) of a horse-drawn carriage approaching toward the camera, and a scene (# 7) of the feeding of a baby. The Lumieres also became known for their 50-second short Arrivee d'un train en gare a La Ciotat (1895) (Arrival of a Train at La Ciotat), which some sources reported was shocking to its first unsophisticated viewing audience.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,604	Ye Olde Trip To Jerusalem claims to be the oldest pub in England, in which city is it?	Britain's oldest pubs \| CNN Travel Ye Olde Trip to Jerusalem , Brewhouse Yard, Nottingham; +44 115 947 3171 Nearby: Nottingham Castle , with museum and cave tours; Sherwood Forest. Old Ferry Boat, Holywell, St Ives This riverside thatched-roofed hostelry in rural Cambridgeshire claims to be England’s oldest pub -- it certainly looks the part. An inn supposedly stood on the site as long ago as 560, but the evidence is about as substantial as the Old Ferry Boat’s supernatural inhabitant -- the pub is said to receive an annual visit from the ghost of a lovelorn teenage girl who hanged herself and was buried in unconsecrated ground beneath the inn floor. A more reliable foundation date of 1400 relates to the current premises. Old Ferry Boat , Holywell, St Ives, Cambridgeshire; +44 1480 463 22 Nearby: City of Cambridge PIC; Cambridgeshire Fenlands PIC. The Bingley Arms, Leeds Monk-warmer, aka the Bingley Arms' fireplace.Follow a monk, historically speaking, and you’ll find somewhere to drink. Some date the origin of the Bingley Arms to as long ago as 953. Known then as The Priests Inn, it first served as a rest house for monks staggering -- sorry, traveling -- between abbeys in Leeds and York. Clergymen had it tougher a few centuries later -- the 16th century holes found in the pub’s chimney were used to conceal Catholic priests on the run from Henry VIII’s Dissolution of the Monasteries campaign. Today pub-goers can enjoy a good pint of ale by the fireplace, instead of hiding up it. Bingley Arms Church Lane, Bardsey, Leeds; +44 1937 572 462 Nearby: Yorkshire Dales ; shopping in Leeds ; historic York . Porch House, Stow-on-the-Wold, Gloucestershire Once a workhouse, now -- thankfully -- a pub.The newest of the oldest pubs in a sense, the refurbished Porch House only opened in its current guise in September of this year. However, the pub has had several incarnations (or should that be inn-carnations) over the centuries. “Parts of the Porch House building are said to date to AD947. “It’s also been a family home and a hospice over the years. “It almost became a workhouse too, but nothing came of the plans in the 1700s.” Porch House , Digbeth Street, Stow-on-the-Wold; +44 1451 870 048 Nearby: The heart of the Cotswolds . Ye Olde Fighting Cocks, St Albans A regular? Well, he may have drunk at Ye Olde Cocks at least once.This hostelry traces its origins as far back as 793 -- the property having had numerous incarnations since then. Part of the present pub is a striking freestanding octagonal dovecote, built in the 11th century before being moved to its current location in 1539. Once again, inventive monks with alcohol on their minds feature heavily in the story, with tunnels connecting the beer cellar and St Albans Cathedral. The name, however, only came into being in the 19th century, when cock-fighting was a regular pastime. However the evidence stacks up, any inn that can boast Oliver Cromwell as a past guest surely deserves its place in any olde pub chronicles. Ye Olde Fighting Cocks , 16 Abbey Mill Lane, St.Albans; +44 1727 869 152 Nearby: St Albans Cathedral ; Verulamium Museum (Roman museum). The Skirrid Mountain Inn, near Abergavenny, Wales The Skirrid's "hanging beam," helpfully reproduced for visitors.Reputed to be the oldest continuously running pub in Wales, evidence suggests there was an inn on the site as far back as the era of the 11th-century Norman Conquest. Many people who could verify that claim were no doubt put to the sword, but what is certain is the pub’s reputation for its spirits -- of both varieties. Regarding the supernatural sort, the pub’s first floor was once used as a courtroom, with hangings carried out from an oak beam above the staircase. Over the years a number of paranormal activities have been investigated -- including sightings of the ghost of the “Hanging Judge.” Some blame those on the other in-house spirits, though. Skirrid Mountain Inn , Llanvihangel, Crucorney, Monmouthshire; +44 1873 890 258 Nearby: Brecon Beacons National Park . The Sheep Heid Inn, Edinburgh Skittles at the Sheep Heid (r	Liverpool Picturebook Liverpool Entertainers Part One of a series of articles about Liverpool performers. In 2001 the Guinness Book of Records declared Liverpool 'City of Pop' due to the many number one records to have emerged from the city. The most famous band to have come from Liverpool is of course The Beatles who played many of their early gigs at the Cavern Club. There are a number of articles about The Beatles on this site, there is also a feature about Brian Epstein and another about ‘Liverpool’s Laughter Makers’ but I wanted to take some time out to mention some of the other entertainers that have put the city on the map. Now obviously, to write an article including them all would require a website all of its own, so I’m just going to pick a few at Random and maybe do a couple more of these articles over time. KENNETH Arthur Dodd, OBE was born on 8th November 1927, in Knotty Ash, Liverpool, the son of a coal merchant, Arthur Dodd and wife Sarah. He had an older brother, William (1925–2011). He went to the Knotty Ash School, and sang in the local church choir of St John’s Church, Knotty Ash. At the age of seven, he was dared by his school friends to ride his bike with his eyes shut. He accepted the dare, crashed, and received facial injuries which resulted in his distinctive buck teeth. He then attended Holt High School, a grammar school in Childwall, but left at age fourteen to work for his father. Around this time he became interested in show business after seeing an advert in a comic: "Fool your teachers, amaze your friends—send 6d in stamps and become a ventriloquist!" he sent off for the book. Not long after, his father bought him a ventriloquist's dummy and Ken called it Charlie Brown. He started entertaining at the local orphanage, then at various other local community functions. He got his big break at age twenty-six when, in September 1954, he made his professional show-business debut at the now-demolished Nottingham Empire. Kens stand-up comedy style is fast and relies on the rapid delivery of one-liner jokes. He has claimed that his comic influences include other Liverpool comedians like Arthur Askey, Robb Wilton, Tommy Handley and the "cheeky chappy" from Brighton Max Miller. He intersperses the comedy with occasional songs, both serious and humorous, in an incongruously fine light baritone voice. Ken was made an honorary fellow of The University of Chester on 4 November 2009, having been awarded the honorary degree of Doctor of Letters at a graduation ceremony in Chester Cathedral. His doctorate was presented by Gerald Grosvenor, 6th Duke of Westminster. He was awarded a Doctorate of Letters at Liverpool Hope University on 25 January 2010 during the University's Foundation Day celebrations. A bronze statue of Ken Dodd and Bessie Braddock, who died in 1970, and was MP for the old Liverpool Exchange seat for 25 years now stands at Liverpool's Lime Street Station. The statue, called 'Chance Meeting', is in the station's main concourse and shows the entertainer greeting the late Merseyside Labour MP Bessie Braddock. BILLY Fury, was born Ronald Wycherley on April 17 1940 at Smithdown Hospital, later Sefton General Hospital, on Smithdown Road. He was the first son of Albert and Sarah Jane (Jean) Wycherley. He was an internationally successful singer from the late-1950s to the mid-1960s, and remained an active songwriter until the 1980s. An early British rock and roll and film star, he equalled The Beatles’ record of 24 hits in the 1960s, and spent 332 weeks on the UK charts. Bruce Eder, stated, “His mix of rough-hewn good looks and unassuming masculinity, coupled with an underlying vulnerability, all presented with a good voice and some serious musical talent, helped turn Fury into a major rock and roll star in short order.” Some suggested that Fury's rapid rise to prominence was due to his ‘Elvis Presley-influenced, hip-swivelling, and at times highly suggestive stage act.’ Rheumatic fever, which he first contracted as a child, damaged his heart and ultimately contributed to his death and sadly, he died	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,605	Who is the only cricketer to do the double in his first first class season	What happened to the black cricketer? \| Cricket \| ESPN Cricinfo What happened to the black cricketer? Share on Facebook Share on Twitter In 1989-90 England had five Afro-Caribbean players on a tour of the West Indies In 1989-90 England had five Afro-Caribbean players on a tour of the West Indies. Now there are few in the county game to choose from. Rob Steen investigates The way it was: West Indian fans at Lord's in the 1980s © Getty Images "There is a whole generation of us, and perhaps two generations who have been formed by [cricket] not only in social attitudes but in our most intimate personal lives, in fact more than anywhere else. The social attitudes we could to some degree alter if we wished. For the inner self the die was cast." CLR James Beyond a Boundary, 1963 The Oval - or rather the Brit Oval - Friday afternoon late May. Hip-hopping homies and dreadlocked Rastas wander in and out of the underground station: Nike trainered, baseball-cap-the-right-way-round descendants of the Bajans and Jamaicans who began pouring over to Britain in 1948 aboard The Windrush, lured by the NHS, London Transport and a shared heritage. A nudged single from the Hobbs Gates, clusters of trimly-blazered teenagers, Asians, Africans or, primarily, Anglo-Caribbeans, spill out of Archbishop Tenison's. No school sits closer to a Test venue. Surrey, long the best and most exciting team on the county circuit, are scenting their first Championship victory of the term. Courtesy of West Indies' historic victory here in the Calypso Summer of 1950, and subsequent expressions of trans-generational solidarity and black pride, no British sporting venue is tied so inextricably to Afro-Caribbean identity. To Sobers, Hall and Gibbs, Viv, Curtly and Courtney, it was like playing at home. The silent turnstiles tell their own story: of a culture assimilated and a heritage spurned. Inside the Hobbs Gates another snapshot of 21st-century Britain. Those combatants qualified to play for England include Mark Ramprakash (Indo-Guyanan father), Nadeem Shahid (Karachi-born), Scott Newman (Indian dad) and Amjad Khan (Asian parents). The sole Afro-Caribbean - a fit Alex Tudor would have made it two - is Michael Carberry, ex-Surrey, now playing for the visitors Kent. No news there. Among black Britons only Tudor, Ramprakash, Mark Butcher, Monte Lynch and Lonsdale Skinner have operated at all regularly for Surrey. Across the Thames they are supposed to be more cosmopolitan. In the 1980s Middlesex's domination owed much to Roland Butcher, Norman Cowans, the West Indian Wayne Daniel, Wilf Slack and Neil Williams - "The Jackson Five". Paul Weekes alone of the current squad is of Afro-Caribbean stock and the chairman Phil Edmonds was wary, in relieving Owais Shah of the captaincy in June, that the decision might be viewed as racist. "The preponderance in our Academy are non-white and the vast majority of those are Asian," says the Middlesex secretary Vinny Codrington, "It's disappointing so few play for us. Whether that's because they opt for other careers, discover girls, are on gap years, play in their own leagues - I don't know. We used to have a lot more black people coming to watch. I don't know whether that's changed because it's a generational thing, or Lord's banned musical instruments, or ticket prices or because the West Indies board put a block on their guys playing here [half-a-dozen Busta Cup regulars are on duty this year, down from 19 in 1984]." In the era of two-divisional cricket, he contends, "colour has never mattered less". Matters are not dissimilar in Birmingham. In 1972 Gibbs, Kanhai, Kallicharran and Deryck Murray helped Warwickshire land the pennant. Today a photo hangs in the Edgbaston members' office of the 1993 squad: four Anglo-Caribbeans catch the eye - Michael Bell, Matthew Robinson, Keith Piper and Gladstone Small. He may be the nicest man ever to bowl fast for a living but, when England last won the Ashes, Small was the urn-clincher. Had body been less brittle, bat a tad broader, tongue a touch blunter, Piper would have kept for Englan	Bernard Bosanquet (cricketer) - iSnare Free Encyclopedia Bernard Bosanquet (cricketer) Bosanquet as caricatured by Spy ( Leslie Ward ) in Vanity Fair , September 1904 Personal information 11 December 1903 v Australia Last Test 5 July 1905 v Australia Domestic team information 190/0 Source: [1] , 17 October 2010 Bernard James Tindal Bosanquet (13 October 1877 – 12 October 1936) was an English cricketer best known for inventing the googly , a delivery designed to deceive the batsman. When bowled, it appears to be a leg break , but after pitching the ball turns in the opposite direction to that which is expected, behaving as an off break instead. Bosanquet, who played first-class cricket for Middlesex between 1898 and 1919, appeared in seven Test matches for England as an all-rounder . He was chosen as a Wisden Cricketer of the Year in 1905. Bosanquet played cricket for Eton College from 1891 to 1896, before gaining his Blue at Oriel College, Oxford . He was a moderately successful batsman who bowled at fast-medium pace for Oxford University between 1898 and 1900. As a student, he made several appearances for Middlesex and achieved a regular place in the county side as an amateur . While playing a tabletop game, Bosanquet devised a new technique for delivering a ball, later named the "googly", which he practised during his time at Oxford. He first used it in cricket matches around 1900, abandoning his faster style of bowling, but it was not until 1903, when he had a successful season with the ball, that his new delivery began to attract attention. Having gone on several minor overseas tours, Bosanquet was selected in 1903–04 for the fully representative Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) tour of Australia. [note 1] During that tour, he made his Test debut for England and although he largely failed as a batsman, he performed well as a bowler and troubled all the opposing batsmen with his googly. More success followed; in the 1904 season, he took more than 100 wickets and his bowling career peaked when took eight wickets for 107 runs in the first Test against Australia in 1905 to bowl England to victory. However, he never mastered control of good length bowling and remained an erratic performer. After 1905, Bosanquet's bowling went into decline; he practically gave it up and made fewer first-class appearances owing to his business interests. After taking part in the First World War in the Royal Flying Corps , he married and had a son, Reginald Bosanquet , who later became a television newsreader. He died in 1936, aged 58. Contents 10 Bibliography Early life Bosanquet was born in Bulls Cross , Enfield , Middlesex, on 13 October 1877. He was one of five children of Bernard Tindal Bosanquet and his wife Eva Maude Cotton; Bosanquet had a younger brother and three sisters. Many of his relations were well known in their fields, including his uncle and namesake Bernard Bosanquet the philosopher. [1] [2] His grandfather, James Whatman Bosanquet , was a banker and achieved distinction as a biblical historian. His father worked for the banking firm Bosanquet & Co., and became a partner in a firm of hide, leather, and fur brokers in London; he was also High Sheriff of Middlesex from 1897 to 1898 and captained Enfield cricket club. [3] [4] After going to Sunnymede School in Slough, Bosanquet attended Eton College between 1891 and 1896. [3] While at Eton, he received cricket coaching from the Surrey professionals Maurice Read and Bill Brockwell . They improved his play to the point where he played for the cricket first eleven in 1896. [note 2] [1] [5] Against Winchester College , he took three wickets and scored 29 not out in the second innings, while at Lord's Cricket Ground against Harrow School , Bosanquet scored 120 runs in 140 minutes. [6] [7] At this time, he bowled fast-medium pace , while as a batsman he had developed, in the words of his obituary in The Times , "a rather curious, wristless style; stiff and yet powerful". [1] Oxford University Main gate of Oriel College which Bosanquet attended between 1897 and 1900 In 1897, Bosanque	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,606	The drink known as ‘Ice pick’ consists of cold tea, lemon juice, and which spirit?	Vodka Cocktail and Mixed Drink Recipe Collection Cocktail Recipes Vodka Cocktail Recipes Vodka is the best spirit to keep around at all times and it is the most popular base spirit for cocktails. With a only a few mixers and liqueurs you can make a variety of cocktails, each with their own distinct taste. This is a collection of vodka cocktail recipes listed with their main ingredients. Be sure to browse the subcategories directly below as well because within those you will find well-organized collections of some of the best, most popular, and easiest vodka cocktails and martinis that you an make. Sign Up for Our Free Newsletters Thanks, You're in!	The Webtender Wiki - French 75 French 75 Jump to: navigation , search The French 75 is a Cocktail which consists of either Gin, Fresh Lemon Juice, Sugar, and Champagne. Contents 6 Links of Interest Why is it called a French 75? The French 75 is named after a WW1 artillery gun used by the French; the gun was a 75 millimetre. Historical References This is a great classic cocktail full of history. This drink is believed to be created at Harry's New York Bar in Paris in 1915. However, there is no conclusive evidence that the drink was created there or at that specific date. The drink appears in print as early as: The practical hotel steward - Page 39 by John Tellman in 1913 "75 Cocktail" This drink is commonly called a "french 75" which is believed to be composed of gin, fresh lemon juice, simple syrup, and champagne. Other sources claim this drink is made with brandy. Even today there is still some confusion over the base ingredient in this drink. The 75 has come to be known as a variation on the french 75 in which you substitute Gin for Brandy, but as seen in this piece of early literature the 75 and the french 75 are one in the same: Cyclopedia of law and procedure: Volume 23 - Page 61 by William Mack, Howard Pervear Nash in 1906 "United States — USV Ash, 75 Fed. 651. 75 cocktail. — Courts take judicial notice that 75 cocktail, a compound of which consist of French brandy, California brandy, or any other kind. Xeiv Fort.— Blatz" The name of this drink certainly derives from the french 75 mm howitzer, which was invented in 1897. There is no specific location associated with this drink, other than France. World War one had many conflicts and it is difficult to determine where exactly this drink was created. This drink dates between 1897 - 1905 and contained at least as of then: Shake these ingredients: David Wondrich Says "The French 75 is rather an open question -- with Cognac and no lemon juice or sugar, it's a French drink, although I don't think they called it that (officers used to drink it before going over the top in WWI). With gin, lemon juice and sugar (basically, a Tom Collins with champagne instead of soda water), it seems unlikely that it was originally French. Off the top of my head, I think it first shows up in the 1930 Savoy Cocktail Book, which is English. But the French cannon after which it was named wasn't used by the English in WWI and was used by the Americans, so I'd bet there's a Yank in the works somewhere." Other References of Interest "Banquet Book," by Cuyler Reynolds, 1902 "Punch. Most punches use a combination of strong liquors and wines, such as gin and champagne. Lemon is indispensable, and they are usually well sweetened." Similar Recipes	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,607	Who, in an ancient myth, removed a thorn from a lion's paw?	Androcles and the Lion: Tales of Type 156 Androcles and the Lion and other folktales of Aarne-Thompson-Uther type 156 edited by Androcles Aesop A slave named Androcles once escaped from his master and fled to the forest. As he was wandering about there he came upon a lion lying down moaning and groaning. At first he turned to flee, but finding that the lion did not pursue him, he turned back and went up to him. As he came near, the lion put out his paw, which was all swollen and bleeding, and Androcles found that a huge thorn had got into it, and was causing all the pain. He pulled out the thorn and bound up the paw of the lion, who was soon able to rise and lick the hand of Androcles like a dog. Then the lion took Androcles to his cave, and every day used to bring him meat from which to live. But shortly afterwards both Androcles and the lion were captured, and the slave was sentenced to be thrown to the lion, after the latter had been kept without food for several days. The emperor and all his court came to see the spectacle, and Androcles was led out into the middle of the arena. Soon the lion was let loose from his den, and rushed bounding and roaring towards his victim. But as soon as he came near to Androcles he recognized his friend, and fawned upon him, and licked his hands like a friendly dog. The emperor, surprised at this, summoned Androcles to him, who told him the whole story. Whereupon the slave was pardoned and freed, and the lion let loose to his native forest. Moral: Gratitude is the sign of noble souls. Source: The Fables of Æsop , selected, told anew, and their history traced by Joseph Jacobs (London: Macmillan and Company, 1902), no. 23, pp. 60-61 . First published 1894. The Slave and the Lion Aesop A slave ran away from his master, by whom he had been most cruelly treated, and, in order to avoid capture, betook himself into the desert. As he wandered about in search of food and shelter, he came to a cave, which he entered and found to by unoccupied. Really, however, it was a lion's den, and almost immediately, to the horror of the wretched fugitive, the lion himself appeared. The man gave himself up for lost. But, to his utter astonishment, the lion, instead of springing upon him, came and fawned upon him, at the same time whining and lifting up his paw. Observing it to be much swollen and inflamed, he examined it and found a large thorn embedded in the ball of the foot. He accordingly removed it and dressed the wound as well as he could. And in course of time it healed up completely. The lion's gratitude was unbounded. He looked upon the man as his friend, and they shared the cave for some time together. A day came, however, when the slave began to long for the society of his follow men, and he bade farewell to the lion and returned to the town. Here he was presently recognized and carried off in chains to his former master, who resolved to make an example of him, and ordered that he should be thrown to the beasts at the next public spectacle in the theater. On the fatal day the beasts were loosed into the arena, and among the rest a lion of huge bulk and ferocious aspect. And then the wretched slave was cast in among them. What was the amazement of the spectators, when the lion after one glance bounded up to him and lay down at his feet with every expression of affection and delight! It was his old friend of the cave! The audience clamored that the slave's life should be spared. And the governor of the town, marveling at such gratitude and fidelity in a beast, decreed that both should receive their liberty. Source: Æsop's Fables, translated by V. S. Vernon Jones (London: W. Heinemann, 1912), pp. 31-32. Androcles and the Lion Joseph Jacobs It happened in the old days at Rome that a slave named Androcles escaped from his master and fled into the forest, and he wandered there for a long time until he was weary and well nigh spent with hunger and despair. Just then he heard a lion near him moaning and groaning and at times roaring terribly. Tired as he was Androcles rose up and rushed away, as he thoug	Collection \| Artists \| The Scapegoat \| The Pre-Raphaelite Gallery William Holman Hunt (1827 - 1910) The Scapegoat (1854-6) is a painting by William Holman Hunt which depicts the "scapegoat" described in the Book of Leviticus. On the Day of Atonement, a goat would have its horns wrapped with a red cloth - representing the sins of the community - and be driven off. He started painting on the shore of the Dead Sea, and continued in his studio in London. The work exists in two versions, a small version in brighter colours with a dark-haired goat and a rainbow, held by Manchester Art Gallery,[1] and a larger version in more muted tones with a light-haired goat held by the Lady Lever Art Gallery in Port Sunlight. Themes	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,608	In literature, who was the best known pupil of Greyfriar's School?	Billy Bunter of Greyfriars School (TV Series 1952–1961) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Billy Bunter of Greyfriars School 30min a list of 96 titles created 28 Apr 2012 a list of 1320 titles created 20 Nov 2014 Title: Billy Bunter of Greyfriars School (1952–1961) 6.8/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Add Image Add an image Do you have any images for this title? 19 February 1952 (UK) See more » Filming Locations: Did You Know? Trivia Early episodes were staged twice for the benefit of child and adult viewers, usually at 3.30 pm and again at 5 pm. See more » Connections (Derby, UK) – See all my reviews You're either an all-out fan of the exploits of schoolboys Billy Bunter, Tom Merry, Jimmy Silver etc from the imagination of Frank Richards (Charles Hamilton) as I am, or you won't hope to understand the attraction at all. This is especially esoteric stuff because it relates to the Greyfriars school stories by characters and events but compared to the Master's writings this is water compared to wine. With the technical limitations of 1950's BBC (or ITV) live TV programmes it's not really surprising, even now when these plays could be handled so much better from an acting and production point of view one's own imagination is always the best place to replay a favourite story. Although the shows were centred on the perfectly cast Gerald Campion in the tour de force role of Billy Bunter, he's (luckily maybe) never intruded upon my imagination when reading any of the original stories. Charles Hamilton (1876-1961) is in the Guinness Book of Records for having written more words in his lifetime than anyone else - the equivalent of 1000 full length novels. One of his many thousands of literary creations, Billy Bunter of Greyfriars School came to life in the Magnet, a weekly British boys story paper 1908-1940, and lived on in novels published 1947-1965 (although the last were ghosted by a substitute). Although incredibly popular and influential at the time over the years since the '60's his star has waned, partly thanks to the changing times, but mainly due to his non-promotion by indifferent rights owners. With the result that now hardly anyone under 50 years old has even heard of Billy Bunter. The TV shows ran throughout the '50's, a testament to just how popular the stories were. A testament to the modern BBC in their zealous endeavours to bury or alter modern perceptions of the past up until 1970 (in other words, pre-pc) is their continued refusal to even consider releasing any surviving episodes. Why not just have done and burn the tapes then, or is letting them rot in the cans the favoured cheaper option? "Backing up Bunter" broadcast 9.9.56: Bunter has 200 lines to do for Quelch, but gets The Famous Five to help him write them out with the promise of a car ride later in the day for them all courtesy of his father's male secretary, Tregg. The car doesn't turn up, but what does is that Bunter's father has been robbed of £5000, Tregg has vanished, and a strange surly person has taken moved into a cottage close to the school.... The ancient school porter Gosling, appears in this as very helpful, around 50 years old with (thinning) black hair - not quite how most people would have imagined him! Richards had used variants of this plot from the Magnet story paper of the '10's to a hardback book in the '50's, so at the time both young and old would have been on familiar ground! The earlier series of these shows were performed live twice, once for the kids, then later in the evening for their Dads. "Bunter on the Warpath" broadcast 7.10.56: A familiar story for devotees updated to include that new fangled invention, the wireless. Bunter given lines by Quelch plots revenge by stealing and temporarily hiding his Masters radio. Nasty pair Skinne	Poetry & Remembrance: Thomas Gray's Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard Poetry & Remembrance: Thomas Gray's Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard Professor Belinda Jack Download this lecture There are two versions of Gray’s famous ‘Elegy written in a Country Churchyard’. They are both about how we may be remembered, a thought that often comes to us when we’re in a graveyard reading gravestones. But the poem is also about more common experiences, of isolation, of family, of ambition. Why did Gray write two versions? Professor Belinda Jack Belinda Jack is Fellow and Tutor in French at Christ Church, University of Oxford. She features regularly in the press and media thanks to the popularity and insight of her published works, including books such as The Woman Reader, George Sand: A Woman’s Life Writ Large and Negritude and Literary Criticism: The History and Theory of "Negro-African" Literature in French. Professor Jack obtained her D.Phil. in Negritude and Literary Criticism at St John’s College, University of Oxford in 1989, having earlier obtained a degree in French with African and Caribbean Studies from the University of Kent. Her academic career over the past twenty years has been at Christ Church, University of Oxford, where she is an ‘Official Student’ (Fellow and Member of the Governing Body) and Tutor in French. Her main interest lies in French literature of the 19th and 20th centuries. As well as her five books, Professor Jack is widely published through her many articles, essays, chapters and reviews. Her recent articles and reviews have appeared in The Wall Street Journal, Literary Review, Times Literary Supplement, Times Higher Education Supplement, BBC History Magazine and Littérature. She is a regular on the BBC and international radio and television, as well as a frequent speaker at literary festivals throughout the British Isles and beyond. In 2013 Professor Jack was appointed the Gresham Professor of Rhetoric. In her first year of appointment, her Gresham College lectures were on The Mysteries of Reading and Writing . She writes of her appointment and the series: “Reading is a subject which has long fascinated me, not least because of my role in teaching undergraduate students to read ‘difficult’ literature with the greatest attention to detail, structure and internal connections. My most recent book, The Woman Reader, is a history of women’s reading from ancient times to the present day, and the writing of it deepened my interest in the subject of reading more generally. My Gresham lectures will draw on some of the material on which I based my book, including material that I didn’t have space to treat, and on the research I am currently undertaking. My primary aim will be to encourage informed reading of a wide range of material, which will make us reconsider literature, ourselves and the society in which we live.” In 2015/16, Professor Jack continues her professorship with her third lecture series entitled The Mysteries of Writing Poems and Plays. Professor Jack's previous lecture series' are as follows: This is part of the series: The Mysteries of Writing Novels and Poems Subjects Poetry & Remembrance: Thomas Gray's Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard Professor Belinda Jack Thomas Gray’s Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard Professor Belinda Jack Good evening and welcome. For those who haven’t been before, this is eleventh of a series of sixteen lectures on ‘the mysteries of reading and writing’. In the first six I explored reading as an activity, its history and how the manner in which we red and what we read has changed over time. I then gave four lectures on the novel as a genre, a peculiarly ‘baggy’ genre into which all sorts of human experience and ideas can be bundled. We considered various themes in relation to the four novels – morality, political history, idealism and human psychology. Tonight I will be giving the first of four lectures on poetry. Unlike the language of prose, the language of poetry is endlessly flexible. Prose is generally grammatically correct whereas poetry can br	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,609	"What name is given to the ""house"" constructed by beavers?"	Beavers, Beaver Pictures, Beaver Facts - National Geographic Size relative to a 6-ft (2-m) man Please add a "relative" entry to your dictionary. Beavers are famously busy, and they turn their talents to reengineering the landscape as few other animals can. When sites are available, beavers burrow in the banks of rivers and lakes. But they also transform less suitable habitats by building dams. Felling and gnawing trees with their strong teeth and powerful jaws, they create massive log, branch, and mud structures to block streams and turn fields and forests into the large ponds that beavers love. Domelike beaver homes, called lodges, are also constructed of branches and mud. They are often strategically located in the middle of ponds and can only be reached by underwater entrances. These dwellings are home to extended families of monogamous parents, young kits, and the yearlings born the previous spring. Beavers are among the largest of rodents. They are herbivores and prefer to eat leaves, bark, twigs, roots, and aquatic plants. These large rodents move with an ungainly waddle on land but are graceful in the water, where they use their large, webbed rear feet like swimming fins, and their paddle-shaped tails like rudders. These attributes allow beavers to swim at speeds of up to five miles (eight kilometers) an hour. They can remain underwater for 15 minutes without surfacing, and have a set of transparent eyelids that function much like goggles. Their fur is naturally oily and waterproof. There are two species of beavers, which are found in the forests of North America, Europe, and Asia. These animals are active all winter, swimming and foraging in their ponds even when a layer of ice covers the surface.	What is the national animal of Canada? What is the national animal of Canada? What is the national animal of Canada? What is the national animal of Canada? Canada has two national animals � the beaver and the Canadian Horse. The beaver is a large, nocturnal, semi-aquatic rodent known for building lodges, canals, and dams. It is the world�s 2nd largest rodent, but the beaver population in North America has declined steadily due to extensive hunting (it is mainly hunted for its fur and glands). The importance of the beaver for fur trade and the economic development of the country led to its designation as a national animal. The beaver appeared on the coat of arms of the oldest commercial corporation in North America, the Hudson�s Bay Company. Established in 1913, the Beaver Insurance Company operated for many years. Eventually, it went out of business and was absorbed by a large insurance company. The beaver also appeared on the first postage stamp of 1849, which was issued in the Canadian colonies. Apart from being a national symbol, the beaver is a symbol of many associations, organizations, and units, including the Toronto Police Services, the Canadian Pacific Railway, and the Canadian Military Engineers, which display the beaver on their coat of arms or crest. Today, the beaver appears on the coat of arms of some Canadian provinces and on 5-cent coins. On provincial coats of arms, the beaver represents national unity or Canada . A lion is also depicted on some coats of arms, and it is the symbol of Great Britain. In the view of some, Conservative Senator Nicole Eaton in that number, the beaver represents the colonial past of the country. It is an industrious and humble animal which recalls Canada�s early expansion through fur trade. The polar bear, on the other hand, is a majestic animal that reflects the spirit of the nation. The polar bear is one of life�s winners and being a ruthless predator, it is at the top of the food chain. Opponents argue that the beaver is a symbol of a bygone era. However, the debate goes beyond the choice of a national animal, although it has set fur flying across the country. Some claim that Canada is undergoing an identity make over. The Canadian Horse is another animal commonly seen as a national symbol of Canada. The government of Canada passed a bill in 2003, which made the Canadian Horse an official symbol and a national animal of Canada. This animal is associated with the agricultural traditions and historical origins of the province of Quebec, and hence, provincial legislation recognized the Canadian Horse as a �heritage breed of Quebec�. Canadian Horses are generally bred for driving, but some are used as work horses as well. They compete in a variety of riding disciplines and have a good temperament, making them useful family horses. The Canadian Horse is known for having a wavy, heavy tail and mane and good feet and bones. It is considered to have endurance, hardiness, and soundness and is an easy keeper.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,610	Which composer wrote an opera based on a series of Pictures by British artist William Hogarth?	The Rake's Progress: Stravinsky, Auden, and a Tale of Debauchery \| Academy of American Poets Academy of American Poets The Academy of American Poets is the largest membership-based nonprofit organization fostering an appreciation for contemporary poetry and supporting American poets. For over three generations, the Academy has connected millions of people to great poetry through programs such as National Poetry Month, the largest literary celebration in the world; Poets.org, the Academy’s popular website; American Poets, a biannual literary journal; and an annual series of poetry readings and special events. Since its founding, the Academy has awarded more money to poets than any other organization. browse poems & poets The Rake's Progress: Stravinsky, Auden, and a Tale of Debauchery Posted October 06, 2004 The Rake’s Progress is one of the few modern operas that has a permanent place in the repertories of most contemporary opera companies. Premiering in 1951 in Vienna, it proved to be one of Igor Stravinsky’s greatest works, and his only full-length opera. The famed Russian-American composer’s inspiration for the opera came from a series of engravings of the same name he had seen on exhibit in Chicago in 1947. The eight engravings were the work of William Hogarth, the British artist and satirist who often collaborated with novelist Henry Fielding. The engravings told the story of the rise and fall of Tom Rakewell, son of a rich merchant, whose womanizing, drinking, and gambling across eighteenth-century London led to his incarceration at Bedlam, the infamous lunatic asylum. Stravinsky wrote the music, but he needed a libretto (the text of a work for musical theater, often opera). He ultimately hired W. H. Auden and Charles Kallman, who had introduced Auden to opera. The two expanded Hogarth’s tale to include a lover for Rakewell, Anne Truelove, whom he leaves for the lures of London nightlife. Rakewell’s good fortune is orchestrated by another new addition, the Mephistophelean character Nick Shadow. The ending, however, remains the same, as the hero still becomes an inmate of Bedlam. Though his most famous libretto, The Rake’s Progress is but one of many libretti Auden wrote after his notorious, and permanent, move from England to the United States in 1939. His body of operatic work, often neglected by critics when discussing his oeuvre, is considerable, and he ranks among the great librettists of the twentieth century. Auden’s love of opera, which he famously called "the last refuge of the High Style," was rooted in the freedom from "modernist irony" it offered. Auden felt it was the only area of contemporary drama, as poet and librettist Dana Gioia notes in the W. H. Auden Society newsletter, "in which the poet remained an essential contributor, and opera was the form that gave the poet most imaginative freedom." With the exception of Auden’s libretto for Benjamin Britten’s Paul Bunyan, which was his first project, the rest of the operatic work he did was in collaboration with Kallman, and included libretti for major composers such as Stravinsky and Hans Werner Henze (Elegy for Young Lovers and The Bassarids). Auden and Kallman also translated The Magic Flute and Don Giovanni, among others, and worked with Bertold Brecht on several performance pieces. Auden also wrote lyrics for more than a dozen songs, narration for two documentary films, and, with Christopher Isherwood, several verse-dramas. collected in	British Paintings: George Smith - The Rightful Heir; and The Coming of Age George Smith - The Rightful Heir; and The Coming of Age Price Realized £16,730 The Rightful Heir; and The Coming of Age the former inscribed 'The Rightful Heir' (on the reverse) and the latter signed and dated 'G Smith 1875' (lower right) oil on panel the former 10¼ x 16 in. (26 x 40.6 cm.); the latter 10 1/8 x 16 in. (25.6 x 40.6 cm.) (2) Painters of Everyday Life Lionel Lambourne George Eliot loved Dutch paintings. In Adam Bede (1859) she describes why she found 'a source of delicious sympathy in these faithful pictures of a monotonous, homely existence...I turn...to an old woman bending over her pot, or eating her solitary dinner while the noonday light...just touches the rim of her spinning-wheel, and her stone jug. Do not impose on us any aesthetic rules which shall banish...those old women scraping carrots with their work-worn hands...let Art always remind us of them...' These words remind us that our delight in tales or paintings of everyday life lies deep in human nature. Today, radio and television 'soap operas' and 'situation comedies' present 'everyday stories of country folk' or 'tales of the city' and suburb. There is nothing new about this, for since Egyptian times artists have painted pictures showing universally understood relationships, such as an idle servant and a stern master or young lovers being disturbed by intruders. The ever-enthralling battle of the sexes was a main preoccupation both of Victorian genre painters and novelists such as Thackeray and Dickens. Novels often appeared in illustrated serial form, thus helping to create a climate ideal for genre painters, enjoined since the time of Hogarth and Henry Fielding, to make their paintings 'novels in paint.' Paintings which 'told a story' via the medium of engravings found their way into many thousands of homes, just as today videos of such films as Four Weddings and a Funeral reach an audience of millions. Several paintings from this part of the Forbes Collection create interesting parallels between the Victorian age and today. We can see, for example, how the difficulties of getting your partner to the altar have changed, from the exciting exchange of vows recorded in Rebecca Solomon's A Love Letter to the arrival of the wedding dress and elaborate trousseau, laid out for the envy and admiration of family and friends, shown in Jessica Hayllar's A Coming Event. Such prodigies of embroidery sadly recall the darker side of the dressmaking industry notorious for sweated labour, activities denounced by Thomas Hood in The Song of the Shirt published in Punch in 1843: Oh! men with sisters dear, Oh! men with mothers and wives, It is not linen you're wearing out But human creatures' lives. The poem inspired Richard Redgrave's The Sempstress exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1844. The time on the clock shows half-past-two in the morning, yet the sempstress, emaciated, hopeless and worn-out, with red-rimmed eyes, is still plying her needle to finish an order. The artist Paul Falconer Poole wrote an encouraging letter to Redgrave concerning The Sempstress: 'Who can help exclaiming "Poor soul! God help her?" If any circumstance could make us...go down shirtless to our graves, it is the contemplation of this truthful and wonderful picture.' The Pre-Raphaelite artist James Collinson excelled at genre scenes. He had a love affair with Christina Rossetti which went sadly wrong, and she broke off the engagement owing to religious differences. In 1854 he resumed painting genre subjects, notably two oval paintings For Sale and To Let, both exhibited in 1857 bearing their enigmatic titles. Collinson painted several different versions of these paintings right up to his death in 1881. Each features an attractive woman, the younger with an empty purse at a church bazaar, the older a plump beauty placing a 'To Let' sign in a window above flower-pots containing a lily and a 'Bleeding Heart'. Victorian eyes alert to the 'language of flowers' would surely have noted the lady's dark costume and we	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,611	In which 2006 film did Tom Hanks play a character called Robert Langdon, a professor of religous iconography ?	The Da Vinci Code (2006) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error The Da Vinci Code ( 2006 ) PG-13 \| From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC A murder inside the Louvre and clues in Da Vinci paintings lead to the discovery of a religious mystery protected by a secret society for two thousand years -- which could shake the foundations of Christianity. Director: a list of 40 titles created 14 Mar 2011 a list of 28 titles created 23 Jun 2012 a list of 35 titles created 09 Jul 2012 a list of 33 titles created 10 Jan 2015 a list of 30 titles created 11 months ago Title: The Da Vinci Code (2006) 6.6/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Nominated for 1 Golden Globe. Another 6 wins & 21 nominations. See more awards » Videos Harvard symbologist Robert Langdon works to solve a murder and prevent a terrorist act against the Vatican. Director: Ron Howard A FedEx executive must transform himself physically and emotionally to survive a crash landing on a deserted island. Director: Robert Zemeckis When Robert Langdon wakes up in an Italian hospital with amnesia, he teams up with Dr. Sienna Brooks, and together they must race across Europe against the clock to foil a deadly global plot. Director: Ron Howard An eastern immigrant finds himself stranded in JFK airport, and must take up temporary residence there. Director: Steven Spielberg NASA must devise a strategy to return Apollo 13 to Earth safely after the spacecraft undergoes massive internal damage putting the lives of the three astronauts on board in jeopardy. Director: Ron Howard The true story of Captain Richard Phillips and the 2009 hijacking by Somali pirates of the US-flagged MV Maersk Alabama, the first American cargo ship to be hijacked in two hundred years. Director: Paul Greengrass Daniel Ocean recruits one more team member so he can pull off three major European heists in this sequel to Ocean's 11. Director: Steven Soderbergh Captain Barbossa, Will Turner and Elizabeth Swann must sail off the edge of the map, navigate treachery and betrayal, find Jack Sparrow, and make their final alliances for one last decisive battle. Director: Gore Verbinski Detective Sherlock Holmes and his stalwart partner Watson engage in a battle of wits and brawn with a nemesis whose plot is a threat to all of England. Director: Guy Ritchie Danny Ocean and his eleven accomplices plan to rob three Las Vegas casinos simultaneously. Director: Steven Soderbergh Jack Sparrow races to recover the heart of Davy Jones to avoid enslaving his soul to Jones' service, as other friends and foes seek the heart for their own agenda as well. Director: Gore Verbinski A police officer joins a secret organization that polices and monitors extraterrestrial interactions on Earth. Director: Barry Sonnenfeld Edit Storyline Professor Robert Langdon is in Paris on business when he's summoned to The Louvre. A dead body has been found, setting Langdon off on an adventure as he attempts to unravel an ancient code and uncover the greatest mystery of all time. Written by comicfan Break The Codes See more » Genres: Mystery \| Thriller Motion Picture Rating ( MPAA ) Rated PG-13 for disturbing images, violence, some nudity, thematic material, brief drug references and sexual content \| See all certifications » Parents Guide: 19 May 2006 (USA) See more » Also Known As: El código Da Vinci See more » Filming Locations: £9,501,444 (UK) (19 May 2006) Gross: Did You Know? Trivia In the story, Robert Langdon's publisher is called Jonas Faukman. Jonas Faukman is an anagram of Dan Brown 's real life publisher, Jason Kaufman. See more » Goofs (at around 1h 3 mins) Teabing says that Jesus Christ was regarded as a human prophet until Constantine's party narrowly voted to deify Jesus in 323. In fact, Je	Charlie Wilson's War Movie Review What parents need to know Positive messages Wilson isn't exactly the poster child for good behavior; he's sometimes lewd and pushy and he's plenty manipulative (so his is friend Gust). But his devotion to the rebel cause appears to be fueled by a need to do some good; when he visits Afghanistan, Wilson is moved to help make change happen. In fact, almost everyone involved in the Afghan cause in Wilson's inner circle seems to truly believe in their mission. Violence Some depictions of war violence, including demonstrations and artillery fire. In one memorable scene, a man argues loudly with his superior, then proceeds to break a glass window by hacking at it with a metal bar. Sex Charlie Wilson staffs his Beltway office with busty women, and there are plenty of cleavage shots. Even more skin is shown when women and men are naked in a hot tub; nude women are shown from the side and front, and there's a flash of a male backside. Charlie also beds a Texas socialite who wants him to help her political cause. They kiss, take a bath together, and speak in sexual innuendoes. Language Frequent use of strong language, including "f--k," "s--t," and "a--hole." Politics is a rough-and-tumble world, and so is the language. Consumerism Political names (John Murtha) and causes get plenty of air time, as does signage for locations. TV footage of news segments displays station logos and shows names. Drinking, drugs, & smoking Lots of boozing, in both social and professional settings (Wilson even asks his secretary to give him a drink). There's also a scene in which a crowd snorts cocaine, and everyone appears to smoke as well. Parents Need to Know Parents need to know that this Tom Hanks/Julia Roberts movie is decidedly adult. For starters, it deals with complex issues connected to political wrangling and Middle Eastern power struggles. And then there's the booze, gunfire, and sexual content (including some nudity), strong language (be ready for lots of "f--k"s)-- it's all here and then some. That said, the movie is also smart, with a main character who's infinitely more interesting than many other people in movies. While it's not perfect, it's still a worthy watch, especially for older teens and adults interested in the political process. User reviews Review this title! What's the story? Pay attention to the first 10 minutes of CHARLIE WILSON'S WAR. It tells you all you need to know about the titular Democratic Texan congressman ( Tom Hanks ) who, unbeknownst to many, apparently helped engineer the fall of the Soviet Union in Afghanistan by championing ways to covertly fund the Afghani rebels' operation in the early '80s. As the movie opens, Wilson is sitting in a hot tub drinking booze, surrounded by a bevy of naked, busty women (and some ogling men). But he's transfixed not by the bacchanalia around him, but rather by the news unspooling on television: The Russians have invaded Afghanistan. It's a memorable beginning for a fairly entertaining movie based on the book by George Crile, as well as a succinct capsule of who Wilson is: a smart, irreverent, and surprising politico with a penchant for drink and dames. That point is driven home later when right-wing socialite Joanne Herring ( Julia Roberts -- great acting, bad accent), who likes to put her money where her politics is, champions the Afghan cause and persuades Wilson to get involved after a quick romp. Is it any good? QUALITY Charlie Wilson is a bold role that demands a bold actor, and Hanks admirably rises to the occasion, aided by Aaron Sorkin's intelligent script and Mike Nichols ' breezy direction. Paired with Philip Seymour Hoffman -- who plays Gust Avrakos, the CIA operative who guides Wilson through his cause -- he's giving it all he's got (and effortlessly, too). But hold the box-office receipts: While Charlie Wilson's War manages to make intricate Capitol Hill and international relations maneuverings fun, it's a little too wonky to fully connect with mainstream audiences. As a one-hour West Wing episode, it would have been a smash. But a	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,612	If an animal uses thanatosis as self-protection, what does it do?	Why do some animals play dead? \| How It Works Magazine Why do some animals play dead? By How It Works Team · 4 years ago Perhaps one of the most peculiar behaviours witnessed in the animal kingdom, tonic immobility is an involuntary reflex where a creature experiences total paralysis and, essentially, appears dead. Often demonstrated by sharks and some bony fish when turned on their backs, the animal enters a cataleptic state – much like the proverbial ‘rabbit caught in the headlights’. Whether it’s your world being flipped 180 degrees or a car hurtling towards you, it’s believed this condition is the result of some form of sensory overload. Left to their own devices, most fish will ‘come to’ within 15 minutes and return to normal, however certain chemicals can be used to speed up the process. Although an animal might look dead when in a tonic state, there’s a distinction to be made between tonic immobility – which is outside a creature’s control – and thanatosis, which is an instinctual behaviour where death is actively feigned. This is seen across mammals (eg opossum – hence ‘playing possum’) to reptiles (eg grass snake) and insects (eg pselaphid beetle). Most use the technique as a defence to deceive predators, or members of their own species, into thinking they’re already dead, but a few actually use it as a means of predation. For example, the pselaphid beetle tricks ants into carrying it back to their nest, where it will dine on the colony’s eggs and larvae. There has been some research into whether humans can experience tonic immobility and recent studies suggest we can in extremely traumatic situations, where we essentially ‘switch off’ from a life-threatening situation. Most likely our brains trigger this response to try and reduce psychological damage.	Free Flashcards about GK 3 Semantics is the branch of logic concerned with what? Meaning Which Northumberland castle, located between Craster and Embleton, is closely associated with the legend of Guy the Seeker? Dunstanburgh Castle Whose poem is "The Quaker Graveyard in Nantucket"? Robert Powell Which poem did Milton write about the drowned fellow poet Edward King? Lycidas What was England's second-largest and second-most commercially important city for the bulk of the 14th century? Norwich Which sea battle was fought on 24 June 1340 as one of the opening salvoes of the 100 Years War? Sluys In which county are Chipchase and Belsay Castles? Northumberland In England, often associated with the wool trade, what European historiography term refers to the entire medieval system of trade and its taxation? Staple The narrator of Anthony Burgess's 'Earthly Powers' is generally held to have been a lampoon or caricature of which real-life author? W Somerset Maugham Maria Edgeworth is a character in which literary work? Castle Rackrent In which play does the line "to thine own self be true" appear? Hamlet In which Graham Greene novel is Scobie a character? The Heart of The Matter Paul Morel is the protagonist of which novel? Sons and Lovers Gerald Crich appears in which DH Lawrence novel? Women In Love Stephen Blackpool is the hero of which Dickens work? Hard Times Which fictitious Northern city is scene of much of the action in 'Hard Times'? Coketown In which novel is Paul Pennyfeather a character? Decline and Fall (Waugh_ In which century was the Sorbonne founded? 13th (1253) Dorothea Brooke appears in which classic novel? Middlemarch In a church, what is the chancel? The space around the altar at the liturgical East end of a church. Give a year in the reign of Philip II (Phillipe Auguste) of France. 1180-1223 Which perfume house introduced the 'Gentleman' brand in 1974? Givenchy Which word can refer to a bomber aircraft, a radio call sign and the Z-Cars code-name? Victor What was Eleanor Thornton the model for in 1911? The Spirit of Ecstasy Liverworts and green leaves are both rich in which vitamin group, including retinol, retinal, retinoic acid? Vitamin A Which Englishman designed the first modern steam turbine in 1884? Parsons Which foodstuff is prepared from Hydrocarbon toluene? Saccharine Which company made the 'Forester' car model? Subaru Which American first used the term 'torpedo' for a naval explosive? Fulton Which element is atomic number 9? Fluorine Highland Dirks and Stilettos are both types of what? Daggers Fish-oils and egg yolk are both rich in which Vitamin? Vitamin D Plasterers and Diggers are both types of what sort of insect? Wasps How long is a vicennial? Every 20 years What name is given to a female badger? Sow If a male cat is a tom, what is a female? Queen A musquash fur comes from which animal? Musk Rat What was unusual about the UK Nobel Prize Winner stamps issued in 2001? Scented What type of animals are cervidae? Deer The first UK self-adhesive stamps depicted what? Cats Gypsum is more correctly known by what chemical name? Hydrated calcium sulphate What is the chemical symbol of promethium? Pm Which Miletus-born Presocratic philosopher is sometimes called 'The Father of Science'? Thales The quagga is a subspecies of which animal? Zebra Which class of subatomic particles is named from the Greek for 'heavy'? Baryons Which Ancient Greek astronomer both discovered the precession of the equinoxes, and may have compiled the first star catalogue? Hipparchus Which kitchen appliance did Denis Papin introduce in 1679? Pressure Cooker Which vitamin deficiency causes beri-beri? B1 Which class of subatomic articles is named from the Greek for 'thick'? Hadrons In which year were self-adhesive stamps introduced to the UK? 2001 Which type of creature has the largest brain relative to body size yet known? Ant Asparagus, leeks and tulips are all part of which plant family? Lily Archangel and Havana Brown are both breeds of what animal? Cat Which mathematician is (possibly fancifully) often credited with inventing roul	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,613	Who was the female lead in the various 'Road to ' films?	Road Films Road Films Part 1 \| Examples Road Films: Road films have been a staple of American films from the very start, and have ranged in genres from westerns , comedies , gangster/crime films , dramas , and action - adventure films. One thing they all have in common: an episodic journey or quest on the open road (or undiscovered trail), to search for escape (for example, while on the lam during a crime spree) or to engage in a quest for some kind of goal -- either a distinct destination, or the attainment of love, freedom, mobility, redemption, the finding or rediscovering of onself, or coming-of-age (psychologically or spiritually). The road often functioned as a testing ground or proving ground for the main character(s). Most road pictures feature movement from East to West -- rather than the reverse, and often cross or mention the famed highway Route 66 (made popular by the early 60s TV series of the same name starring Martin Milner and George Maharis). See also this site's description of Greatest Classic Chase Scenes including many films featuring road-related auto races. Males dominate as the heroic (or anti-heroic) protagonists, with some exceptions (i.e., The Great Texas Dynamite Chase (1976) with Claudia Jennings and Jocelyn Jones as sexy bankrobbers, Herbert Ross' feminist 'road movie' Boys on the Side (1995), Ridley Scott's Thelma & Louise (1991), and Joseph Sargent's Coast to Coast (1980) with Dyan Cannon), although female characters often accompany the male during his trip. Road pictures had their heyday in the 1970s, when the traditional western declined in popularity. Many sub-categories of road films have existed: racing or chase films, biker flicks, trucker films, buddy films, road warrior films, and lovers/outlaws on the run films. Lovers-On-The Run Road Films: Fugitive couples (often lovers and/or killers) fleeing from the law have been found in numerous road films, including: Fritz Lang's film noir and second American film, You Only Live Once (1937) with Henry Fonda (as an ex-con truck driver) and Sylvia Sidney both on the lam as a doomed husband and wife the FBI crime drama Persons in Hiding (1939), based on FBI head J. Edgar Hoover's nonfiction best-selling novel with Broadway star Patricia Morison in her film debut (as pretty seductress Dorothy Bronson) and J. Carrol Naish (as small-time hood Freddie "Gunner" Martin) on the run as criminals following gas station holdups, bank robberies, and a kidnapping writer/director Nicholas Ray's first feature film, the poignant noir They Live by Night (1949), based on the novel Thieves Like Us by Edward Anderson, with Farley Granger as fugitive Bowie and Cathy O'Donnell as his romantic partner Keechie - both doomed and pursued lovers the ultimate B-picture, Joseph H. Lewis' Gun Crazy (1949) with John Dall (as Bart Tare) and Peggy Cummins (as Annie Laurie Starr), both firearms-obsessed sharpshooters on a fateful crime spree the exploitative, low-budget thriller The Sadist (1963) (aka Profile of Terror), in which demented, homicidal sadist Charlie Tibbs (Arch Hall, Jr.) held innocent victims captive with his crazy girlfriend Doris Page (Helen Hovey) Arthur Penn's Depression-era road-gangster film Bonnie and Clyde (1967) began in West Dallas, Texas, where Bonnie Parker (Faye Dunaway) fatefully met Clyde Barrow (producer/star Warren Beatty) and the couple began a bank-robbing spree that ended in their bloody ambush deaths in Gibsland, Louisiana Sam Peckinpah's violent The Getaway (1972), based on Jim Thompson's 1959 pulp novel, starring Steve McQueen (as safecracker Doc McCoy)	Dimple Records - Stevens,Cat : Tea For The Tillerman Tea For The Tillerman Usually ships in two business days Notes / Reviews Tea for the Tillerman is an album by singer-songwriter Cat Stevens. This album, Stevens' second during 1970, includes many of Stevens' best-known songs including "Where Do the Children Play?", "Hard Headed Woman", "Wild World", "Sad Lisa", "Into White" and "Father and Son". Four of the tracks ("Where Do the Children Play?", "On the Road to Find Out", "Tea for the Tillerman" and "Miles from Nowhere") were featured in the Hal Ashby and Colin Higgins' black comedy film entitled Harold and Maude, in 1971. The track "But I Might Die Tonight" was featured on another 1971 film: Deep End by Jerzy Skolimowski. Stevens, a former art student, created the artwork featured on the record's cover. With "Wild World" as an advance single, this was the album that brought Stevens world-wide fame. The album itself charted into the top 10 in the United States, where he had previously had few listeners. On 18 November 2003, Rolling Stone Magazine included this album in its 500 Greatest Albums of All Time list at number 206. Nov 18, 2003 The title-song "Tea for the Tillerman" was used as the ending theme for both series of the Golden Globe-winning BBC-HBO sitcom Extras, written and co-directed by Ricky Gervais and Stephen Merchant. In 2006, the album was included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die. In 2007, the album was included in the list of "The Definitive 200 Albums of All Time", released by The National Association of Recording Merchandisers and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In November 2008, a 'Deluxe Edition' was released featuring a second disc of demos and live recordings. Personnel Cat Stevens â acoustic guitar, keyboards, lead vocals Alun Davies â acoustic guitar, backing vocals Harvey Burns â drums Del Newman â string arrangements *John Rostein â violin Songs from this album have been covered by a diverse range of artists, which include: Jimmy Cliff ("Wild World") The Nerve Agents ("But If I Might Die Tonight") Horace Andy ("Where Do the Children Play?") Use in popular culture The title track is used by Ricky Gervais and Stephen Merchant for the closing credits of Extras. The fourth episode of the second series of the show features a cover of "Tea for the Tillerman" performed by Chris Martin of Coldplay. The song "Miles From Nowhere" is featured in "The A-Team" and is used during Face's (Dirk Benedict) walking away scenes in the episode "Alive At Five" References Category:Mobile Fidelity Sound Lab albums Category:Universal Deluxe Editions fi:Tea for the Tillerman sv:Tea for the Tillerman This text has been derived from Tea for the Tillerman on Wikipedia and is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 3.0 Artist/Band Information Yusuf Islam (born Steven Demetre Georgiou, 21 July 1948, in Marylebone, London, England), originally and commonly known by his former stage name Cat Stevens, is an English musician. He is a singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, educator, philanthropist, and prominent convert to Islam. His early 1970s record albums Tea for the Tillerman and Teaser and the Firecat were both certified as Triple Platinum by the RIAA in the United States; his 1972 album Catch Bull at Four sold half a million copies in the first two weeks of release alone and was Billboards number-one LP for three consecutive weeks. He has also earned two ASCAP songwriting awards in consecutive years for "The First Cut Is the Deepest", which has been a hit single for four different artists. Stevens converted to Islam in December 1977 and adopted his Muslim name, Yusuf Islam, the following year. In 1979, he auctioned all his guitars for charity This story originally aired on 3 December 2006. and left his music career to devote himself to educational and philanthropic causes in the Muslim community. He has been given several awards for his work in promoting peace in the world, including 2003's World Award, the 2004 Man for Peace Award, and the 2007 Mediterranea	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,614	The painting 'Venus at her Mirror' hangs in the National Gallery in London, who painted it?	Diego Velázquez \| The Toilet of Venus ('The Rokeby Venus') \| NG2057 \| National Gallery, London £ other Make this a monthly donation [{"Amount":20.0000,"CurrencyCode":"GBP","DonationDate":"2016-11-10T19:31:19","DonorDisplayName":"Kate English","DonorLocalAmount":20.0000,"DonorLocalCurrencyCode":"GBP","EstimatedTaxReclaim":5.0000,"ImageUrl":"https://www.justgiving.com/content/images/graphics/icons/avatars/facebook-avatar.gif","Message":"What an amazing institution! This is to say thank you for your daily guided tours and the free activities you run for children."},{"Amount":5.0000,"CurrencyCode":"GBP","DonationDate":"2016-11-22T10:18:24","DonorDisplayName":"","DonorLocalAmount":5.0000,"DonorLocalCurrencyCode":"GBP","EstimatedTaxReclaim":0.0000,"ImageUrl":"https://www.justgiving.com/content/images/graphics/icons/avatars/facebook-avatar.gif","Message":"These beautiful artworks belong to us all. Thank you for being custodians of the national collection"},{"Amount":20.0000,"CurrencyCode":"GBP","DonationDate":"2016-11-16T20:57:11","DonorDisplayName":"Irina ","DonorLocalAmount":20.0000,"DonorLocalCurrencyCode":"GBP","EstimatedTaxReclaim":0.0000,"ImageUrl":"https://www.justgiving.com/content/images/graphics/icons/avatars/facebook-avatar.gif","Message":"One of my favourite museums. Hope to visit again."},{"Amount":2.0000,"CurrencyCode":"GBP","DonationDate":"2016-10-25T09:01:14","DonorDisplayName":"Richard Roberts","DonorLocalAmount":2.0000,"DonorLocalCurrencyCode":"GBP","EstimatedTaxReclaim":0.5000,"ImageUrl":"http://images.justgiving.com/image/24d4733d-a317-4e81-8d0c-014c91259172.jpg?template=profilesummary","Message":"I hope this small contribution will allow you to continue your excellent work"},{"Amount":8.3800,"CurrencyCode":"GBP","DonationDate":"2016-09-06T21:24:18","DonorDisplayName":"Andreas","DonorLocalAmount":10.0000,"DonorLocalCurrencyCode":"EUR","EstimatedTaxReclaim":0.0000,"ImageUrl":"https://www.justgiving.com/content/images/graphics/icons/avatars/facebook-avatar.gif","Message":"It is great to visit for free such a prestigious museum. It's a small sum of money but donated willingly, for culture and for young people"},{"Amount":5.0000,"CurrencyCode":"GBP","DonationDate":"2016-11-17T08:56:35","DonorDisplayName":"Katja Leyendecker","DonorLocalAmount":5.0000,"DonorLocalCurrencyCode":"GBP","EstimatedTaxReclaim":1.2500,"ImageUrl":"http://images.justgiving.com/image/87facb53-ce60-4e05-9c8d-fa830c9c523c.jpg?template=profilesummary","Message":"I had a most wonderful 3 hours in the gallery's 1600s section! Must return!"},{"Amount":5.0000,"CurrencyCode":"GBP","DonationDate":"2016-08-19T23:36:01","DonorDisplayName":"Fangbin Liu","DonorLocalAmount":5.0000,"DonorLocalCurrencyCode":"GBP","EstimatedTaxReclaim":0.0000,"ImageUrl":"https://www.justgiving.com/content/images/graphics/icons/avatars/facebook-avatar.gif","Message":"I like to donate because I love this great museum and the great masterpieces kept in it."},{"Amount":10.0000,"CurrencyCode":"GBP","DonationDate":"2016-11-15T16:27:55","DonorDisplayName":"Janet Scott","DonorLocalAmount":10.0000,"DonorLocalCurrencyCode":"GBP","EstimatedTaxReclaim":2.5000,"ImageUrl":"https://www.justgiving.com/content/images/graphics/icons/avatars/facebook-avatar.gif","Message":"The wonderful National Gallery deserves all the support it can get."},{"Amount":10.0000,"CurrencyCode":"GBP","DonationDate":"2016-08-02T04:18:28","DonorDisplayName":"Suzanne Burke","DonorLocalAmount":10.0000,"DonorLocalCurrencyCode":"GBP","EstimatedTaxReclaim":0.0000,"ImageUrl":"https://www.justgiving.com/content/images/graphics/icons/avatars/facebook-avatar.gif","Message":"Excellent online information for my students!"},{"Amount":10.0000,"CurrencyCode":"GBP","DonationDate":"2016-06-21T09:56:01","DonorDisplayName":"Jane DALY","DonorLocalAmount":10.0000,"DonorLocalCurrencyCode":"GBP","EstimatedTaxReclaim":2.5000,"ImageUrl":"https://www.justgiving.com/content/images/graphics/icons/avatars/facebook-avatar.gif","Message":"A national treasure that needs supporting"}] The Toilet of Venus ('The Rokeby Venus') More paintings in thi	The Second Sin by Manré: The Painting : Seven Deadly Sins and The Four Last Things http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Seven_Deadly_Sins_and_the_Four_Last_Things At the centre of the large circle, which is said to represent the eye of God, is a "pupil" in which Christ can be seen emerging from his tomb. Below this image is the Latin inscription Cave Cave Deus Videt ("Beware, Beware, God Sees"). The Painter Hieronymus Bosch was born Hieronymus (or Jeroen, respectively the Latin and Middle Dutch form of the name "Jerome") van Aken (meaning "from Aachen"). He signed a number of his paintings as Bosch (pronounced Boss in Middle Dutch). The name derives from his birthplace, Hertogenbosch, which is commonly called "Den Bosch". In the twentieth century, when changing artistic tastes made artists like Bosch more palatable to the European imagination, it was sometimes argued that Bosch's art was inspired by heretical points of view as well as of obscure hermetic practices. His depictions of sinful humanity, his conceptions of Heaven and Hell are now seen as consistent with those of late medieval didactic literature and sermons. His work is known for its use of fantastic imagery to illustrate moral and religious concepts and narratives. The Second Sin (Gluttony) is depicted in this portrait which also forms a section of the Seven Deadly Sins painting discussed above.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,615	By what process do plants absorb moisture through their roots?	How Plant Roots Absorb Water « Dyna-gro Blog Pin It Plants absorb water through their entire surface – roots, stems and leaves. However, the majority of water is absorbed by root hairs. Root hairs are thin-walled uni-cellular outgrowths of epidermis. They are in close contact with the thin film of water surrounding the soil particles. The cell wall of the root hair is permeable to water and minerals, but its cell membrane and the membrane around the vacuole from semi-permeable membranes. Soil solution is a weaker solution as compared to the cell sap of root hair. Because of this osmosis occurs and the water is absorbed by the root hairs through cell membranes from the soil. Then the root hair cells become more turgid and their osmotic pressure falls. The cells of cortex have higher osmotic pressure which causes the diffusion of water from the root hair to cortical cells. It is through this mechanism in plants that water moves into deeper cortical cells under an osmotic concentration gradient till it reaches the endodermis of the root. When it reaches the endodermis of the root it forces the water into the xylem tubes through the passage cells. Certain pressure or force is developed by which cortical cells push the water in the xylem tubes. This pressure is called root pressure. The water column is sent and maintained up to certain height due to this pressure. The mechanism, of absorption of water from the soil by the activity of the root cells is called active absorption of water. In tall trees, active absorption plays a minor role. The main and efficient mechanism by which most of the rooted green plants absorb water is passive absorption. The passive absorption mechanism is carried out without utilization of metabolic energy. Here only the roots act as an organ of absorption or passage. Hence, sometimes it is called water absorption ‘through roots’, rather ‘by’ roots. It occurs in rapidly transpiring plants during daytime, because of opening of stomata and the atmospheric conditions. The force for absorption of water is created at the leaf end and is often referred to as the transpiration pull. The main cause behind this transpiration pull, water is lifted up in the plant axis like a bucket of water is lifted by a person from a well. Transpiration pull is responsible for dragging water at the leaf end, the pull or force is transmitted down to the root through water column in the xylem elements. The continuity of water column remains intact due to the cohesion between the molecules and it act as a rope. Roots simply act as a passive organ of absorption. As transpiration proceeds, simultaneously water absorption also takes place to compensate the water loss from leaf end. Most volume of water entering plants is by means of passive absorption. Passive transport is nothing different from diffusion but just explaining its meaning “passive” refers to requiring no input of energy. There is a free movement of molecules from their higher concentration to their lower concentration.	Plants make their own food thru the process of photosynthesis Photosynthesis, Respiration, Transpiration Plants are self-sufficient. They make their own food thru the process of photosynthesis using light energy to make sugars from carbon dioxide (C02) and water (H20). The three major functions that are basic to plant growth and development are: � Photosynthesis � the process of capturing light energy and converting it to sugar energy, in the presence of chlorophyll using CO2 and H2O, � Respiration � the process of metabolizing (burning) sugars to yield energy for growth, reproduction and other life processes, and � Transpiration � the loss of water vapor through the stomata of leaves. Photosynthesis A primary difference between plants and animals is the plant�s ability to manufacture its own food. In photosynthesis carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil react with the sun�s energy to form carbohydrates (sugars and starches). Photosynthesis literally means to put together with light. The photosynthetic process occurs only in the chloroplasts, tiny subcellular structures contained in the cells of leaves and green stems. In photosynthesis, the sun�s energy combines hydrogen from water (H20) with carbon dioxide (CO2) turning them into carbohydrates. Oxygen (O2) is given off as a by-product of photosynthesis. The chemical equation for the process of photosynthesis is: 6CO2 + 6H20 + light C6H12O6 + 6O2 This process is directly dependent on the supply of water, light and carbon dioxide. Any one of the factors on the left side of the equation (carbon dioxide, water, or light) can limit photosynthesis regardless of the availability of the other factors. If any one of these factors is limiting, then the whole process slows down or stops. An implication of drought or severe restrictions on landscape irrigation is a reduction in photosynthesis and thus a decrease in plant vigor. In a tightly closed greenhouse there can be very little fresh air infiltration and CO2 levels can become limiting. This in turn limits plant growth because the production of sugars needed to do the work involved with growing is limited. Many greenhouses provide supplemental CO2 to stimulate plant growth. The rate of photosynthesis is somewhat temperature dependent. For example, with tomatoes, when temperatures rise above 96 degrees Fahrenheit the rate of food used by respiration rises above the rate that food is manufactured by photosynthesis. Plant growth comes to a stop and produce loses its sweetness. Respiration In respiration, plants (and animals) convert the sugars back into energy for growth and to energize life processes (metabolic processes). The chemical equation for respiration shows that the sugars from photosynthesis are combined with oxygen. Notice that the equation for respiration is the opposite of photosynthesis. C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H20 + energy Chemically speaking, the process is similar to the oxidation that occurs as wood is burned, producing heat. When compounds combine with oxygen, the process is often referred to as burning. For example, athlete�s burn en	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,616	Who wrote ‘The Solitary Reaper’ (1805) and ‘The World Is Too Much With Us’ (1802)?	SparkNotes: Wordsworth’s Poetry: Analysis Wordsworth’s Poetry Context Themes, Motifs & Symbols Wordsworth’s monumental poetic legacy rests on a large number of important poems, varying in length and weight from the short, simple lyrics of the 1790s to the vast expanses of The Prelude, thirteen books long in its 1808 edition. But the themes that run through Wordsworth’s poetry, and the language and imagery he uses to embody those themes, remain remarkably consistent throughout the Wordsworth canon, adhering largely to the tenets Wordsworth set out for himself in the 1802 preface to Lyrical Ballads. Here, Wordsworth argues that poetry should be written in the natural language of common speech, rather than in the lofty and elaborate dictions that were then considered “poetic.” He argues that poetry should offer access to the emotions contained in memory. And he argues that the first principle of poetry should be pleasure, that the chief duty of poetry is to provide pleasure through a rhythmic and beautiful expression of feeling—for all human sympathy, he claims, is based on a subtle pleasure principle that is “the naked and native dignity of man.” Recovering “the naked and native dignity of man” makes up a significant part of Wordsworth’s poetic project, and he follows his own advice from the 1802 preface. Wordsworth’s style remains plain-spoken and easy to understand even today, though the rhythms and idioms of common English have changed from those of the early nineteenth century. Many of Wordsworth’s poems (including masterpieces such as “Tintern Abbey” and the “Intimations of Immortality” ode) deal with the subjects of childhood and the memory of childhood in the mind of the adult in particular, childhood’s lost connection with nature, which can be preserved only in memory. Wordsworth’s images and metaphors mix natural scenery, religious symbolism (as in the sonnet “It is a beauteous evening, calm and free,” in which the evening is described as being “quiet as a nun”), and the relics of the poet’s rustic childhood—cottages, hedgerows, orchards, and other places where humanity intersects gently and easily with nature. Wordsworth’s poems initiated the Romantic era by emphasizing feeling, instinct, and pleasure above formality and mannerism. More than any poet before him, Wordsworth gave expression to inchoate human emotion; his lyric “Strange fits of passion have I known,” in which the speaker describes an inexplicable fantasy he once had that his lover was dead, could not have been written by any previous poet. Curiously for a poet whose work points so directly toward the future, many of Wordsworth’s important works are preoccupied with the lost glory of the past—not only of the lost dreams of childhood but also of the historical past, as in the powerful sonnet “London, 1802,” in which the speaker exhorts the spirit of the centuries-dead poet John Milton to teach the modern world a better way to live. More Help	THE LONG NINETEENTH CENTURY VOLUME TWO by Chris Beetles - issuu issuu Issuu on Google+ Copyright © Chris Beetles Ltd 2014 8 & 10 Ryder Street St James’s London SW1Y 6QB 020 7839 7551 gallery@chrisbeetles.com www.chrisbeetles.com ISBN 978-1-905738-62-5 Cataloguing in publication data is available from the British Library Researched, written and edited by David Wootton, with contributions from Alexander Beetles, Rebecca Chapman, Edwina Freeman, Giles Huxley-Parlour, Christopher Newall and Sue Selwyn Editorial assistance from Catherine Andrews Design by Jeremy Brook of Graphic Ideas Photography by Julian Huxley-Parlour Reproduction by www.cast2create.com Colour separation and printing by Geoff Neal Litho Limited Front cover: William Walcot, The Royal Exchange, London [149] Front endpaper: Alfred William Hunt, A Bit of Old England Half Asleep [83] Back endpaper: William Lionel Wyllie, Point House Shipyard [93] Back cover: Aubrey Beardsley, Lady Golfers with Pierrot as their Caddie [135] THE LONG TREASURES AND PLEASURES VO L U ME T WO TO THE FIRST WORLD WAR CHR IS BEETLES 8 & 10 Ryder Street, St James’s, London SW1Y 6QB Telephone 020 7839 7551 Facsimile 020 7839 1603 gallery@chrisbeetles.com www.chrisbeetles.com Contents 5. Victorian Landscapes at Home \| 07 Thomas Hosmer Shepherd (1793-1864) Henry Dixon (1820-1893) & Alfred Henry Bool (1844-1926) George Pyne (1800-1884) George Weatherill (1810-1890) Alfred William Hunt (1830-1896) Edmund George Warren (1834-1909) Helen Allingham (1848-1926) William Lionel Wyllie (1851-1931) William Fraser Garden (1856-1921) Peter Henry Emerson (1856-1936) 6. Victorian Figures: From Page to Wall \| 33 William Edward Frost (1810-1877) John Tenniel (1820-1914) Joseph Noel Paton (1821-1901) John Edmund Buckley (1820-1884) Richard Doyle (1824-1883) John Everett Millais (1829-1896) Charles Doyle (1832-1893) John Simmons (1823-1876) Birket Foster (1825-1899) Henry Benjamin Roberts (1831-1915) George Goodwin Kilburne (1839-1924) Francis Sydney Muschamp (1851-1929) Charles Green (1840-1898) Mary Gow (1851-1929) George Samuel Elgood (1851-1943) John Henry Henshall (1856-1928) St George Hare (1857-1933) 7. Aestheticism \| 59 George Du Maurier (1834-1896) William John Hennessy (1839-1917) Walter Crane (1845-1915) Kate Greenaway (1846-1901) Mortimer Menpes (1855-1938) Laurence Housman (1865-1959) Henry Ospovat (1877-1909) Charles Dana Gibson (1867-1944) Aubrey Beardsley (1872-1898) 8. London: Imperial Capital \| 81 James Tissot (CoĂŻdĂŠ) (1836-1902) Leslie Ward (Spy) (1851-1922) Edward Tennyson Reed (1860-1933) Max Beerbohm (1872-1956) Phil May (1864-1903) Herbert Menzies Marshall (1841-1913) William Walcot (1874-1943) 9. Edwardian Dreams: Landscapes and Gardens \| 97 James Orrock (1829-1913) John William North (1842-1924) George Samuel Elgood (1851-1943) Beatrice Parsons (1869-1955) Algernon Talmage (1871-1939) 10. Edwardian Dreams: From Book Illustration to Interior Decoration \| 107 Beatrix Potter (1866-1943) Arthur Rackham (1867-1939) William Heath Robinson (1872-1944) Florence Harrison (1877-1955) George Sheringham (1884-1937) 11. The First World War \| 123 Louis Raemaekers (1869-1956) Harry Van Der Weyden (1868-1952) Edward Handley-Read (1870-1935) William Heath Robinson (1872-1944) William Rothenstein (1872-1945) Alfred Bastien (1873-1917) Fernand Lantoine (1876-1917) Muirhead Bone (1876-1953) Charles Walter Simpson (1878-1942) Index \| 135 5. VICTORIAN LANDSCAPES AT HOME 8 \| 5: VIC T ORIAN LA NDSCAP ES AT HOM E During the Victorian period, landscape painting became the subject of significant interest and debate. In taking up the cause of J M W Turner in the five volumes of Modern Painters (1843-60), the young critic, John Ruskin, explored many aspects of the genre and of the natural world that it sought to represent. His emphasis on ‘truth to nature’ influenced more than one generation of artists towards a meticulously mimetic approach; and they included many for whom landscape was often a setting for narrative, as with members of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. Some were perplexed at Ruskin’s a	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,617	Which future king of England was born in Caernarfon Castle in 1284?	Edward II, King of England b. 25 Apr 1284 Caernarfon Castle, Gwynedd, Wales d. 21 Sep 1327 Berkeley Castle, Gloucestershire, England Coat of Arms Notes Edward II who reigned as King of England from 1307-1327 was widely held as a weak and ineffective king, losing disastrously to the Scots at Bannockburn in 1314. His tendency to ignore his nobility, in favour of low-born favourites, led to constant political unrest and eventually to his deposition. His father, a notable military leader, made a point of training young Edward in warfare and statecraft starting in his childhood. Edward preferred less noble pursuits and although impressive physically, he was a bit of a wimp. Edward I attributed his sonï¿½s problems to Piers Gaveston, a Gascon Knight who some believe to have been the prince's lover. Edward II is today perhaps best remembered for a story about his alleged murder with a red-hot poker plunged anally into his entrails, which has been seen by some as evidence of his homosexuality. Although pictured in the film Braveheart as highly effeminate, this portrayal is inaccurate as Edward II's robust physical appearance was similar to his father's, right down to the drooping eyelid. The King was captured and condemned by Parliament in 1327 as 'incorrigible and without hope of amendment'. He was forced to abdicate in favour of his teenage son Edward III, and he died in Berkeley Castle later that year. Braveheart's ridiculous depiction of William Wallace being Edward III's father is impossible. Wallace was executed in 1305, seven years before Edward III was born. During Richard II's reign, the Peasants Revolt of 1381 was sparked off by the Poll Tax of one shilling a head on the whole population, regardless of the individual's means to pay it. A large part of society consisted of villeins, men and women tied to the land on which they were born and worked. The sum, small enough to the better-off, represented an unacceptable impost upon their slender resources, and when they refused to pay, or were unable to do so, they were pursued with the full rigour of the law. They retaliated by murdering the Royal Officials who attempted to collect the tax, and this invited further retribution from the Government. * [ 7 ] Edward II (25 April 1284 ï¿½ 21 September 1327), also called Edward of Caernarfon, was King of England from 1307 until he was deposed in January 1327. The fourth son of Edward I, Edward became the heir to the throne following the death of his older brother Alphonso. Beginning in 1300, Edward accompanied his father on campaigns to pacify Scotland, and in 1306 he was knighted in a grand ceremony at Westminster Abbey. Edward succeeded to the throne in 1307, following his father's death. In 1308, he married Isabella of France, the daughter of the powerful King Philip IV, as part of a long-running effort to resolve the tensions between the English and French crowns. Edward had a close and controversial relationship with Piers Gaveston, who had joined his household in 1300. The precise nature of Edward and Gaveston's relationship is uncertain; they may have been friends, lovers or sworn brothers. Gaveston's arrogance and power as Edward's favourite provoked discontent both among the barons and the French royal family, and Edward was forced to exile him. On Gaveston's return, the barons pressured the King into agreeing to wide-ranging reforms called the Ordinances of 1311. The newly empowered barons banished Gaveston, to which Edward responded by revoking the reforms and recalling his favourite. Led by Edward's cousin, the Earl of Lancaster, a group of the barons seized and executed Gaveston in 1312, beginning several years of armed confrontation. English forces were pushed back in Scotland, where Edward was decisively defeated by Robert the Bruce at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314. Widespread famine followed, and criticism of the King's reign mounted. The Despenser family, in particular Hugh Despenser the Younger, became close friends and advisers to Edward, but in 1321 Lancaster and many of the barons seized the Despensers	Timeline of the Kings & Queens of England There have been 66 monarchs of England and Britain spread over a period of 1500 years. SAXON KINGS EGBERT 827 - 839 Egbert (Ecgherht) was the first monarch to establish a stable and extensive rule over all of Anglo-Saxon England. After returning from exile at the court of Charlemagne in 802, he regained his kingdom of Wessex. Following his conquest of Mercia in 827, he controlled all of England south of the Humber. After further victories in Northumberland and North Wales, he is recognised by the title Bretwalda ( Anglo-Saxon , "ruler of the British". A year before he died aged almost 70, he defeated a combined force of Danes and Cornish at Hingston Down in Cornwall. He is buried at Winchester in Hampshire. AETHELWULF 839-856 King of Wessex , son of Egbert and father of Alfred the Great. In 851 Aethelwulf defeated a Danish army at the battle of Oakley while his eldest son Althelstan fought and beat the Danes at sea off the coast of Kent , in what is believed to be the first naval battle. A highly religous man, Athelwulf travelled to Rome with his son Alfred to see the Pope in 855. AETHELBALD 856 - 860 The eldest son of Aethelwulf, Æthelbald was born around 834. He was crowned at Kingston-upon-Thames in southwest London, after forcing his father to abdicate upon his return from pilgrimage to Rome. Following his fathers death in 858, he married his widowed stepmother Judith, but under pressure from the church the marriage was annulled after only a year. He is buried at Sherbourne Abbey in Dorset . AETHELBERT 860 - 866 Became king following the death of his brother Æthelbald. Like his brother and his father, Aethelbert (pictured to the right) was crowned at Kingston-Upon-Thames. Shortly after his succession a Danish army landed and sacked Winchester before being defeated by the Saxons. In 865 the Viking Great Heathen Army landed in East Anglia and swept across England. He is buried at Sherborne Abbey. AETHELRED I 866 - 871 Aethelred succeeded his brother Aethelbert. His reign was one long struggle with the Danes who had occupied York in 866, establishing the Viking kingdom of Yorvik . When the Danish Army moved south Wessex itself was threatened, and so together with his brother Alfred, they fought several battles with the Vikings at Reading, Ashdown and Basing. Aethelred suffered serious injuries during the next major battle at Meretun in Hampshire; he died of his wounds shortly after at Witchampton in Dorset, where he was buried. ALFRED THE GREAT 871 - 899 - son of AETHELWULF Born at Wantage in Berkshire around 849, Alfred was well educated and is said to have visited Rome on two occasions. He had proven himself to be a strong leader in many battles, and as a wise ruler managed to secure five uneasy years of peace with the Danes, before they attacked Wessex again in 877. Alfred was forced to retreat to a small island in the Somerset Levels and it was from here that he masterminded his comeback, perhaps ' burning the cakes ' as a consequence. With major victories at Edington, Rochester and London, Alfred established Saxon Christian rule over first Wessex, and then on to most of England. To secure his hard won boundaries Alfred founded a permanent army and an embryonic Royal Navy. To secure his place in history, he began the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles. EDWARD (The Elder) 899 - 924 Succeeded his father Alfred the Great. Edward retook southeast England and the Midlands from the Danes. Following the the death of his sister Aethelflaed of Mercia , Edward unites the kingdoms of Wessex and Mercia. In 923, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles record that the Scottish King Constantine II recognises Edward as "father and lord". The following year, Edward is killed in a battle against the Welsh near Chester . His body is returned to Winchester for burial. ATHELSTAN 924 - 939 Son of Edward the Elder, Athelstan extended the boundaries of his kingdom at the Battle of Brunanburh in 937. In what is said to be one of the bloodiest battles ever fought on British soil, Athelstan defeated a combined army of Scots	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,618	Who was Ronald Regan's first Secretary of State?	Cabinet Members Under Reagan Cabinet Members Under Reagan Alexander M. Haig, Jr., 1981 George P. Shultz, 1982 James A. Baker 3rd, 1985 Nicholas F. Brady, 1988 C. William Verity, Jr., 1987 Secretary of Labor Secretary of Health and Human Services Richard S. Schweiker, 1981 Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Samuel R. Pierce, Jr., 1981 Secretary of Transportation Andrew L. Lewis, Jr., 1981 Elizabeth H. Dole, 1983 James H. Burnley 4th, 1987 Secretary of Energy	Rice grilled over torture at Stanford - YouTube Rice grilled over torture at Stanford Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. The interactive transcript could not be loaded. Loading... Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on May 6, 2009 http://observers.france24.com/en/cont... A Stanford University student grills ex-US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice over the Bush administration's torture policy. Who sounds more convincing: Rice or Jeremy Cohn? Condoleezza Rice, former US President George W. Bush's security advisor and then secretary of state (2005-2009), returned to teach political science at Stanford University, where she was a professor before entering politics, in March. Jeremy Cohn is a student at Stanford. We see him questioning Condoleeza Rice in the video. The strong points were when she was talking about the situation in the country soon after September 11. It's true that a lot of people were scared and we were facing a very difficult time. A lot of the things she said at the beginning [were good], especially when she said that we can't always choose our allies. It's true that the world is a very imperfect place and that tough decisions need to be taken. But the excuse isn't valid enough. If we entrust these officials with important responsibilties, it's because we want them to take decisions without being influenced by public opinion. In the end, she didn't really convince me. My question about the United States and how we're supposed to move forward with all of those secrets coming out just turned into a regular defense of all the basic talking points within the administration. Finally, many other students shared my opinion that she was evasive and got very defensive." Category	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,619	If the currency is the Peso, copper the major export and Valparaiso the major port, what is the country?	Chile - Trade and finance \| history - geography \| Britannica.com Trade and finance Pedro de Valdivia Chile’s principal markets for mining and agricultural commodities are the European Union , the United States, China, Japan, and South Korea . Most imports are from the United States, China, Brazil , Argentina, and Germany. The balance of payments, generally unfavourable since the 1950s because of increased foreign expenditures and payment of external loans, showed occasional improvement after 1976 but with considerable fluctuation. In the early 2000s Chile signed many free-trade agreements, including one with the United States that was implemented in 2004. Nontraditional exports (seafood, fruit, wine, wood products, foodstuffs) also contributed to economic growth in the early 21st century. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. The peso is the national currency of Chile. The Central Bank of Chile, established in 1925, is the official bank of the country; it implements the internal banking policies of the government and also conducts foreign trade. In 1989 the bank became an autonomous institution entirely responsible for the country’s financial and exchange-rate policies. The State Bank of Chile is also a state entity, but it functions as a private commercial bank. National private banks as well as international banks from Europe, the United States, and Asia operate freely in the country. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Within the Chilean economic system there is collaboration between the private and public sectors, with the private sector contributing an increasing percentage of the total annual investment. Private businesses are generally organized as joint-stock companies (similar to U.S. corporations) that participate in all areas of economic activity. Transportation The country’s length and physical barriers constrain communication and traffic flow. Only the sea offers an expeditious means of transportation, which was taken advantage of during the 19th century when Chile owned one of the largest merchant fleets in Latin America. Chile’s overall economic decline during the early 20th century and the supplanting of maritime transport with overland means resulted in the reduction of the fleet. Eventually only international transport was conducted by ship. The main port of entry is Valparaíso. San Antonio , the port for Santiago, exports copper and agricultural commodities. Other ports, such as Antofagasta and Arica, serve the trade with Bolivia. Chañaral, Huasco, Guayacán, and Tocopilla export minerals. The port of Talcahuano serves the industrial complex of Concepción. The development of an overland transportation system began with two railway systems initiated about the turn of the 20th century: the northern network, between La Calera (near Valparaíso) and Iquique, now in disuse, and the southern network, between La Calera and Puerto Montt . The most traveled sections connect Santiago with Valparaíso and Santiago with Puerto Montt; both sections are electrified, making them more competitive with road transportation. The railway system is controlled by the Empresa de los Ferrocarriles del Estado (State Railway Enterprise). International railroads connect Arica and La Paz (Bolivia), Antofagasta and Oruro (Bolivia), and Los Andes and Mendoza (Argentina). A railbus transports passengers over the short route between Arica and Tacna (Peru). Related Places Maule Chile’s rapid motorization has brought enhanced highway transportation for passengers and goods. The backbone of the Chilean road system is the paved Pan-American Highway, which connects Arica with Puerto Montt, near Chiloé Island, a distance of more than 2,100 miles. From this main artery secondary routes connect numerous cities, including Santiago, with the ports of San Antonio and Valparaíso, Bulnes with Concepción, and Los Lagos with Valdivia . The most important international paved road connects Santiago with Mendoza (Argentina). All-weather roads connect Iquique with Oruro (Bolivia), Antofagasta with Salta (Argentina), La Serena with San Juan (Argentina), Osorno with San	Macclesfield Pub Quiz League: October 2014 Macclesfield Pub Quiz League & Harrington ‘B’ What well-known product was invented in 1886 by John Pemberton, who at that time was addicted to morphine and was looking to find a less harmful substitute? Coca-Cola The entrepreneur Donald F Duncan introduced which toy in 1929, often thought to be based on a weapon used by 16th Century Filipino hunters? Yo-Yo Who was the Greek God of time? Chronos Which English King was the son of Edward, The Black Prince Richard II Who succeeded Richard II as King in 1399? Henry IV What name is given to the notorious tidal current in the Lofoten islands off Norway? Maelstrom Which hit song from July 1979 was inspired by the doings of one Brenda Spencer on 29th January that year? I Don’t Like Mondays (by The Boomtown Rats) Which motor manufacturer produces the model which has the best-selling car name of all time (the model has undergone at least eleven redesigns from 1966 to date)? Toyota (the Corolla is the model in question) What was Fanny Cradock’s real Christian name? Phyllis (Born as Phyllis Nan Sortain Pechey) What is the collective name for the handmaidens of Odin who choose those who may die in battle and those who may live? Valkyries Illustrated on its logo, the product Marmite is named after a French word for what? Cooking Pot Which Nintendo game first introduced the character of Mario? Donkey Kong (in 1981…pre-dating Super Mario Bros. by 4 years) Which song was the Labour Party’s theme in its Election campaign of 1997? Things can only get better (by D:Ream) Who is the only woman to have been French Prime Minister? Edith Cresson Who designed the first Blue Peter badge as well as the “Ship” logo used by the programme? Tony Hart Born in Ulverston in 1890, by what name was Arthur Stanley Jefferson better known? Stan Laurel Of which actress did Groucho Marx say “I knew her before she became a virgin”? Doris Day Who wrote and composed the Opera ‘Oedipus Rex’? Stravinsky Who was the first “First Minister of Scotland”? Donald Dewar Who was the first Secretary General of The United Nations? Trygve Lie Against the people of which city did the Romans fight the Punic Wars? Carthage Josip Broz was a Yugoslav revolutionary and statesman, serving in various roles from 1943 until his death in 1980. By what name is he better known? Tito Which famous Independent day and Boarding School in Derbyshire was founded by Sir John Port in 1557? Repton School Buddy Holly had a posthumous hit with the song "It doesn’t matter any more". Which singer / songwriter of the time wrote it? Paul Anka An alibi is a form of defence used in criminal proceedings where the accused attempts to prove their innocence. What does the Latin word alibi literally mean? Elsewhere (The accused attempts to prove they were somewhere else at the time of the offence) Who said in a speech in 1968 “As I look ahead, I am filled with foreboding. Like the Roman, I seem to see 'the River Tiber foaming with much blood'”? Enoch Powell In a famous 1871 poem, the wedding feast consisted of “mince and quince eaten with a runcible spoon“. Name either of the parties supposedly getting married. Owl or Pussycat (in the Edward Lear poem) Who was the last King of France before the First French Republic was established in 1792? Louis XVI (the Sixteenth) Which modern Japanese martial art is descended from swordsmanship and uses a weapon called a Shinai Kendo Who wrote the book ‘Whisky Galore’? Compton Mackenzie Which fictional pirate captain went to his death murmuring the words ‘Floreat Etona’? Captain Hook In which London restaurant did Boris Becker have his famously brief, but expensive, 'affair' in a broom cupboard with model Angela Ermakova? Nobu Who was the US President throughout the period of World War I? Woodrow Wilson Who was the UK Prime Minister at the outbreak of World War I? Asquith Gruinard Island is an uninhabited Scottish island which was used as the scene for experiments on which bacterium during the 20th century? Anthrax Jihad is an Islamic term referring to a religious duty of Muslims. Wha	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,620	Ligustrum Ovalifolium is the Latin name for which shrub?	Ligustrum ovalifolium Privet, California privet PFAF Plant Database Physical Characteristics Ligustrum ovalifolium is an evergreen Shrub growing to 4 m (13ft) by 3 m (9ft) at a medium rate. It is hardy to zone (UK) 5 and is not frost tender. It is in leaf 12-Jan It is in flower in July, and the seeds ripen in October. The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs) and are pollinated by Insects.Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and can grow in heavy clay and nutritionally poor soils. Suitable pH: acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. It can grow in full shade (deep woodland) semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers dry or moist soil and can tolerate drought. The plant can tolerate maritime exposure. It can tolerate atmospheric pollution. Synonyms Woodland Garden Sunny Edge; Dappled Shade; Shady Edge; not Deep Shade; Hedge; Edible Uses None known Medicinal Uses Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally. None known Hedge ; Hedge . A very good hedge plant, succeeding in maritime exposure and in many difficult situations. Very amenable to heavy trimming but fairly slow growing, especially when in an exposed position[11, 29]. It can take 9 - 10 years to make a 3 metres tall hedge in exposed positions[75]. The cultivars 'Aureum' and 'Argenteum' are especially recommended[200]. Cultivation details A very tolerant and easily grown plant, it succeeds in any soil that is not impoverished[11]. Dislikes very alkaline soils[202]. Grows well in heavy clay soils. Succeeds in dark corners or places starved by tree roots[11, 182]. Shade tolerant, established plants also tolerate drought[200]. Plants are hardy to about -15°c[202]. They can be cut back to the ground in very severe winters but usually resprout from the base[200]. Plants are often deciduous in cold winters, when grown in poor soils, near the coast or in an exposed position. A moderately fast-growing plant[202], though it is also very greedy, robbing the surrounding soil of more nutrients and moisture than most hedging plants[200]. Some named forms have been developed for their ornamental value[182, 200]. This species is notably susceptible to honey fungus[200]. Propagation The seed does not require any pre-treatment and can be sown in the spring in a cold frame[113]. When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in the greenhouse for at least their first winter. Plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer, after the last expected frosts. Cuttings of half-ripe wood, 5 - 10cm with a heel, July/August in a frame. Very easy[78]. Cuttings of mature wood, 20 - 30cm in a sheltered outdoor bed in November/December. High percentage[78]. Other Names Found In Weed Potential Right plant wrong place. We are currently updating this section. Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it’s worth checking. Conservation Status IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status : Related Plants	Agavaceae: Agave Family Back To Alphabet Table Note: This Family Sometimes Lumped With The Liliaceae Agave atrovirens Pulque Plant [Pulque is the fermented juice from the base of flower stalk; leaves of central cone are removed and the sap is allowed to collect in the cavity; mescal and tequila are distilled pulque; other species of Agave are also used for pulque.] A. sisalina Sisal [Strong fibers from leaves.] Phormium tenax New Zealand Flax [Strong leaf fibers 3 to 7 feet long.] Sansevieria metalaea and other spp. Bowstring Hemp [Strong fiber from leaves; sometimes placed in the Liliaceae.] Cordyline fruticosa Ti Plant [Many uses for fibrous leaves of this Polynesian plant.] Amaranthus caudatus Jataco or Achita [Edible leaves used as a potherb; nutritious seeds cooked and eaten like cereal grains.] Amaranthus retroflexus Pigweed [Edible leaves and seeds.] A. cruentus, A. powellii, A. hypochondriacus Amaranth [Edible seeds ground into flour; amaranth flour was important South American cereal during pre-Columbian times; grown by the Aztecs and southwest Indians for millennia, the small seeds are rich in lysine and the young leaves are high in calcium and iron.] Amaryllidaceae: Amaryllis Family Back To Alphabet Table Note: This Family Sometimes Lumped With The Liliaceae The following plants with edible bulbs are often placed in the lily family but are more correctly members of the Amaryllis Family--Amaryllidaceae: Allium cepa Onion and Shallot [Edible bulbs; including many different varieties.] A. ampeloprasum (A. porrum) Leek [Delicious edible bulb and leaves.] A. sativum Garlic [Edible bulb; valuable seasoning and medicinal herb.] A. schoenoprasum Chives [Leaves used for garnish and herb.] Pleiogynium solandri (P. timorense) Burdekin Plum Mangifera indica Mango P. lentiscus Gum Mastic P. chinensis Chinese Pistache Pachycormus discolor Elephant Tree [Native to Baja California; also see elephant trees (Bursera spp.) in Burseraceae.] Gluta renghas Rengas Tree [Tropical Malaysian tree with beautiful heartwood; dangerous to work because of urushiol in resin.] Melanorrhoea usitata Burmese Lacquer Tree [Sap contains urushiol.] Semecarpus anacardium India Marking Nut Tree [Sap contains urushiol.] Metopium toxiferum and Comocladia dodonaea [Caribbean shrubs that contain urushiol.] Schinus molle Peruvian Pepper Tree [Female trees are the source of pink peppercorns.] S. terebinthifolius Brazilian Pepper Tree [Female trees are the source of pink peppercorns.] Toxicodendron vernicifluum Lacquer Tree. [From milky sap which darkens upon oxidation; sap contains urushiol.] Note: Shellac is prepared from a resinous secretion on the twigs of several tree species by an insect, Tachardia lacca or Laccifer lacca. This insect is a member of the order Homoptera along with aphids, scale insects, mealy bugs, and cicadas. Confectioner's glaze (also known as pharmaceutical glaze) is an alcohol based solution of food grade shellac. It extends the shelf life of candies and tablets and protects them from moisture. It also masks the unpleasant odor and taste of certain medicinal tablets and aids in swallowing. Since the shellac coating is insoluble in stomach acids, it is used in time-released pills. T. diversilobum, T. radicans, and T. vernix Poison Oak, Poison Ivy, and Poison Sumac. All are painful experiences to hypersensitive people. Dermatitis reactions can also occur from handling the shells of cashew nuts and from eating mangoes. Apium graveolens Celery [Edible leaf stalks or petioles.] Carum carvi Caraway Coriandrum sativum Coriander [Seeds used as a tasty seasoning; aromatic leaves (called cilantro) used as garnish and in salsa and guacamole dishes.] Cuminum cyminum Cumin Daucus carota Carrot [Edible taproot; also called Queen Ann's lace when flowering.] Foeniculum vulgare Fennel [Edible petioles; seeds used like anise for licorice flavoring in cady, medicines, perfumes, liquor and soap; true licorice from root of a perennial legume. Pastinaca sativa Parsnip [Edible taproot; similar to the deadly poisonous water hemlock.] Petrose	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,621	In which century was divorce legalised (by Act of Parliament) in England?	Divorce in England and Wales Genealogy - FamilySearch Wiki 19 Acknowledgment Divorce by Church Before 1858 the church courts could provide only one of two remedies. Both were costly and infrequent, there being only about forty a year in the 1840s: Divorce from bed and board (a mensa et thoro, literally from table and hearth) which separated the parties but did not allow either to remarry during the lifetime of the other. It could be granted on grounds of life-threatening cruelty, or of adultery by the husband or the wife. The payment of alimony (means of support) to the woman might then be enforced through the civil courts. Divorce from the chain or bond of matrimony (a vincula matrimonii) which declared invalid the marriage itself and thus allowed either party to remarry. It could be granted if the marriage were not consummated within two years, for impotence, frigidity or lunacy, or if the marriage could be shown to be incestuous or bigamous, or carried out by force or in error, or, before 1753, if one of the parties lacked age and consent. These were ripe fields for argument and appeal if property was involved. For the church courts and their records see the article Church Courts in England and Wales . The possibility of appeals from the lower to the higher courts (in the Province of Canterbury to the Court of Arches, in the Province of York to the Consistory Court of York, to the High Court of Delegates, and, after 1834, to the Privy Council) is there outlined. In the Province of Canterbury the published index to the records of the Court of Arches is particularly useful. Orders for maintenance arising from such actions might be recorded on the Decree Rolls of the Court of Chancery (C 78). Divorce by State It became clear that a valid marriage could only be dissolved with the aid of the legislature and in the late seventeenth century a practice sprang up of procuring divorce by private Acts of Parliament. See the article The Parliamentary Archives. In 1668, Lord Roos (later Marquis of Granby), having obtained a divorce a mensa et thoro on account of his wife’s adultery, obtained an Act of Parliament to bastardise her children and then, in 1670, a further Act to annul the marriage so that he could remarry. The diarist John Evelyn, who heard the close-run debate in the House of Lords, said it was ‘an occasion and sign not seen in England since the time of Henry VIII’, with the king on the throne and ‘all the peers sitting with their hattes on’. The first example of a divorce without the previous consent of the church courts was that of the Countess of Macclesfield, who was separated from her husband by an Act in 1698. Having been married at the age of fifteen in 1683, she and her husband lived apart from 1685. When she started to produce children by Lord Rivers in the 1690s the Earl of Macclesfield instituted proceedings in the church courts for a divorce a mensa et thoro. The Countess, fearing the loss of her fortune, resisted the action and the Earl, because of the delay, started proceedings in the House of Lords. The resulting Act made her two children illegitimate. The Earl was not to be responsible for her debts, but because his profligacy had contributed to his wife’s misconduct, the Act ordered him to repay her marriage portion. This was the first divorce Bill to be passed by both Houses of Parliament and to become law without a judgment first being obtained in the church courts. These procedures were extremely expensive and only fifteen such Acts were passed before 1750. In the House of Commons they were decided at sittings of the whole house and it was not until 1840 that they were referred to a committee of nine members. Acts passed in England in the period 1801-1947 are indexed in the Index to Local and Personal Acts (1949) [not in FHL]. By 1857 there had been in England and Wales only 317 such divorces, all but four obtained by men who were anxious to re-marry to beget heirs. They usually followed a divorce a mensa et thoro in the church courts and the recovery of damages from the adulterer in a civil action	BBC ON THIS DAY \| 19 \| 1976: Princess Margaret and Lord Snowdon to split About This Site \| Text Only 1976: Princess Margaret and Lord Snowdon to split Princess Margaret and Lord Snowdon are to separate after 16 years of marriage, it has been announced by Buckingham Palace. After weeks of speculation a 39-word statement was issued by the Palace today. It said: "HRH The Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon, and the Earl of Snowdon have mutually agreed to live apart. "The Princess will carry out her public duties and functions unaccompanied by Lord Snowdon. There are no plans for divorce proceedings." 'Desperately sad' Earl Snowdon, who is currently in Australia to open a photographic exhibition of his work, said he was "desperately sad". It is understood he knew nothing of the announcement prior to its release. He appealed for understanding for his two children, 14-year-old Viscount David Linley and 11-year-old Lady Sarah Armstrong-Jones. Princess Margaret's spokesperson, John Griffin, said: "A separation has been a possibility for some time and once the final decision had been reached it was obviously best to implement it straight away. "A separation was the best course to take in all the circumstances bearing in mind in particular the interests of the two children." Princess Margaret, who becomes the first member of the Royal family to divorce since Henry VIII, married Antony Charles Robert Armstrong-Jones on 5 May 1960. Just five years earlier she had called off plans to marry divorcee Group Captain Peter Townsend with whom she had been linked for several years. Her acquaintance with 29-year-old Roddy Llewellyn, son of Olympic gold medallist horseman, Lt-Col Harry Llewellyn, has fuelled rumours about her marriage. Last month the couple spent time on the Caribbean island of Mustique, where the Princess has taken several extended holidays without her husband since their marriage. The Queen is said to be very sad but has had no influence in the decision. It is understood the 45-year-old Princess, who is fifth in line to throne, will continue to take �35,000 a year from the Civil List and will continue with her public duties. Lord Snowdon, 46, will be required to find alternative accommodation. He has never received funds from the Civil List. In a statement the Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr Donald Coggan, who is in the West Indies said: "One hopes that every understanding will be shown to the Royal Family at this time of distress."	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,622	Who was the original Beatles drummer who left the group in 1962?	Pete Best Fired From The Beatles 50 Years Ago Today \| The Huffington Post Pete Best Fired From The Beatles 50 Years Ago Today 08/16/2012 05:36 pm ET \| Updated Aug 17, 2012 540 Cavan Sieczkowski Senior Editor, Content Strategy, The Huffington Post On Aug. 16, 1962, Pete Best was fired from the Beatles . The British rock band decided to fire their original drummer and replace him with Ringo Starr. The band went on to become one of the most successful and critically-renowned bands in history. So who is Pete Best and where is he today? Best joined the Beatles , who were then called the Silver Beatles, in 1960, according to a biography on Best's official website. The band knew Best from The Cashbah, a club they all frequented. Best left his former band, The Blackjacks, for the Beatles after getting a call from Paul McCartney and the band went on tour in Germany. In 1962, after capturing success in Liverpool and Hamburg, the band secured a record contract with EMI and met met George Martin at Abbey Road Studios in June of that year for their first recording. That same year, Best was fired from the Beatles . Some speculated it was Best's mediocre drumming skills, but this never sat well with Best. "Unfortunately, in circumstances still clouded in mystery, Pete Best was dismissed from the group he had played with for over 2 years," reads his biography. "The real reason was never given to Pete. The rest is legend..." The firing took its toll on Best . In the mid-60s, he tried to commit suicide by gassing himself but was saved by his mother and brother. "They gave me the most sensible talking-to I've ever had in my life," he told the Daily Mail in 2007. "They asked me what the hell I thought I was doing, saying that committing suicide was what people would expect me to do because of what had happened." He vowed to never do such a thing again and accepted the cards life had dealt him. "Some people expect me to be bitter and twisted, but I'm not. I feel very fortunate in my life," Best told the Daily Mail. "God knows what strains and stresses the Beatles must have been under. They became a public commodity. And John paid for that with his life." In 2009, Best gave an interview to Spinner and discussed his time with the Beatles as well as his firing . He revealed that he has not spoken to the band since 1962, even though they had seen each other while playing at the same venues. "There were things to be said but that wasn't the place to hear your differences, onstage, so there was no communication," Best told Spinner. "We'd pass like ships in the night. Some people say, 'Well, why the hell didn't you just pick up the phone?' and I've always said, 'Well, have you ever tried to phone a Beatle? It just doesn't happen.' You couldn't get to them." Best was featured on 10 tracks on the Beatles' 1995 Anthology collection, which offered some vindication. "Being on 'Anthology,' people had a bigger insight into what my drumming was about. From that point of view, I've always held my head up high and said, 'Yes, it wasn't the drumming ability.' There have been conspiracy theories -- the hairstyle, jealousy, antisocial, didn't speak enough, Brian [Epstein, the Beatles' manager] may have felt threatened -- it goes on and on. I've long passed that." Today, Best is part of The Pete Best Band . On Aug. 25 he is scheduled to play a show Liverpool, according to the Liverpool Beat, covering Beatles' hits like "My Bonnie," "I Saw Her Standing There," and "Love Me Do." LOOK: Pete Best, original drummer for The Beatles, performs with The Pete Best Band at the Fest for Beatles Fans 2007 at the Mirage Hotel & Casino July 1, 2007 in Las Vegas, Nevada. Pete Best, the Original Beatles Drummer Pete Best, the Original Beatles Drummer 1	Herman's Hermits \| Biography & History \| AllMusic google+ Artist Biography by Bruce Eder Herman's Hermits were one of those odd 1960's groups that accumulated millions of fans, but precious little respect. Indeed, their status is remarkably similar to that of the Monkees and it's not a coincidence that both groups' music was intended to appeal to younger teenagers. The difference is that as early as 1976, the Monkees began to be considered cool by people who really knew music; it has taken 35 years for Herman's Hermits to begin receiving higher regard for their work. Of course, that lack of respect had no relevance to their success: 20 singles lofted into the Top 40 in England and America between 1964 and 1970, 16 of them in the Top 20, and most of those Top Ten as well. Artistically, they were rated far lower than the Hollies , the Searchers , or Gerry & the Pacemakers , but commercially, the Hermits were only a couple of rungs below the Beatles and the Rolling Stones . The magnitude of their success seemed highly improbable, based on their modest beginnings. Guitarist/singer Keith Hopwood (born October 26, 1946), bassist/singer Karl Green (born July 31, 1947), guitarist/singer Derek "Lek" Leckenby (born May 14, 1945), and drummer Barry Whitwam (born July 21, 1946) were among the younger musicians on the Manchester band scene in 1963, when they started playing together as the Heartbeats. The city was home to many dozens of promising bands, most notable among them the Hollies , the Mockingbirds , and Wayne Fontana & the Mindbenders . Later that year, the Heartbeats got a new member in 16-year-old Peter Noone (born November 5, 1947), who filled in one night when their regular vocalist failed to turn up for a gig. Noone was already a veteran actor, trained at the Manchester School of Music and Drama; he had been a child star on television in the late '50s, on the television series Coronation Street, but he also had musical aspirations. As a vocalist with the Heartbeats, he initially worked under the name Peter Novak. The quintet followed the same path that any other struggling band did, playing shows at youth clubs and local dances, hoping to get noticed, and they picked up a pair of managers, Harvey Lisberg and Charlie Silverman. Accounts vary as to the origins of the name they ultimately adopted -- some say that their managers remarked on the facial resemblance between Noone and the character of Sherman in the Jay Ward cartoon show "Mr. Peabody & Sherman"; others credit Karl Green with mentioning it. In any case, "Sherman" became "Herman" and the group, in search of a more distinct name, became Herman & His Hermits and then Herman's Hermits. They played a pleasing, melodic brand of rock & roll, mostly standards of the late '50s and early '60s, with Noone's attractive vocals at the fore. Their big break came in 1964 when producer Mickie Most was invited by Lisberg and Silverman to a show in Manchester. He was impressed with their wholesome, clean-cut image, and with Noone's singing and pleasant, non-threatening stage presence, and he agreed to produce them, arranging a recording contract for the group with the EMI-Columbia label in England; their American releases were licensed to MGM Records. Herman's Hermits' debut single, a Carole King / Gerry Goffin song called "I'm Into Something Good," released in the summer of 1964, hit number one in England and number 13 in America. Ironically, considering the direction of many of their future releases, the group displayed anything but an English sound on "I'm Into Something Good." Instead, it had a transatlantic feel, smooth and easy-going with a kind of vaguely identifiable California sound. Of course, that statement assumed that the group had much to do with the record -- as it turned out, they didn't. In a manner typical of the majority of the acts that Most produced, the Hermits didn't play on most of their own records; Mickie Most, as was typical of producers in the era before the Beatles ' emergence, saw no reason to make a less-than-perfect reco	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,623	Who is the ex-actress wife of disgraced former war minister John Profumo?	Profumo's Loyal Wife Valerie Dies - Sunday Mail (Glasgow, Scotland) \| HighBeam Research APA "Profumo's Loyal Wife Valerie Dies." Sunday Mail (Glasgow, Scotland). MGN Ltd. 1998. Retrieved January 19, 2017 from HighBeam Research: https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-60752335.html Please use HighBeam citations as a starting point only. Not all required citation information is available for every article, and citation requirements change over time. Profumo's Loyal Wife Valerie Dies Browse back issues of this publication by date November 15, 1998 \| Copyright Copyright MGN Ltd. This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan. All inquiries regarding rights or concerns about this content should be directed to Customer Service . Create a link to this page Copy and paste this link tag into your Web page or blog: <a href="https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-60752335.html" title="Profumo's Loyal Wife Valerie Dies \| HighBeam Research">Profumo's Loyal Wife Valerie Dies</a> THE wife of disgraced former War Minister John Profumo has died. Film star Valerie Hobson, who stood by him after his affair with hooker Christine Keeler, died of a heart attack last Thursday, aged 81. She will be best remembered for her films Great Expectations (1946), playing Estella, and Kind Hearts and Coronets (1949). Miss Hobson retained her maiden name after the episode which rocked the Conservative Government in 1963. It also led to film fame for Profumo in the 1989 movie Scandal, about his fling with Keeler, who was also involved with a KGB spy. He was forced to quit the Cabinet after admitting that he had lied to Parliament over the affair. … Daily Mail (London); July 19, 2000 434 words Byline: NIGEL DEMPSTER THERE is a new spring in the step of former Conservative War Minister John Profumo, whose wife of 44 years, the actress Valerie Hobson, died 20 months ago. He is to be found occasionally dating the divorcee Thelma King-Fretts, former wife of my old school friend Lt-Col Paddy… Daily Mail (London); July 19, 2000 By Dempster, Nigel; 446 words Byline: Nigel Dempster n THERE is a new spring in the step of former Conservative War Minister John Profumo, whose wife of 44 years, the actress Valerie Hobson, died 20 months ago. He is to be found occasionally dating the divorcee Thelma King-Fretts, former wife of my old school friend Lt-Col… Hindustan Times (New Delhi, India); March 10, 2006 382 words London, March 10 -- John Profumo, who was at the centre of a political scandal in the 1960s due to his affair with call girl Christine Keeler, died here at the age of 91. He died peacefully at about midnight Thursday surrounded by his family, a spokesman for London's Chelsea and Westminster… The Herald; January 24, 2003 By BRIAN PENDREIGH; 570 words Sir Anthony Havelock-Allan came from a distinguished line of war heroes and politicians - his grandfather won the Victoria Cross and there is a statue of his great-grandfather in Trafalgar Square. It was thought he would follow in the family tradition. Havelock-Allan did serve with distinction… Birmingham Evening Mail (England); November 14, 1998 597 words VALERIE Hobson, the film star wife of disgraced former War Minister John Profumo, has died aged 81 from a heart attack, it was announced today. Miss Hobson, who stood by her husband after his resignation from the Conservative government in 1963 over his infamous affair with prostitute Christine…	Celebrity Big Brother: profile of all 2010 contestants - Telegraph Big Brother Celebrity Big Brother: profile of all 2010 contestants Football hard-man turned actor Vinnie Jones, Katie Price's boyfriend Alex Reid and former Dynasty star Stephanie Beacham are among those unveiled in the final Channel 4 series of Celebrity Big Brother. Football hard-man turned actor Vinnie Jones and Ronnie Wood's ex-girlfriend Katia Ivanova Photo: PA Image 1 of 2 Dane Bowers, left, and Alex Reid enter the Big Brother House on Sunday night Photo: PA 8:00AM GMT 04 Jan 2010 Here are profiles of the full list famous housemates taking part in this year's contest . :: Stephanie Beacham Real Name: Stephanie Beacham Age: 60 Best Known For: Tenko, Dynasty spin-off The Colbys, Bad Girls and a recent stint in Coronation Street. The list is almost endless. Related Articles Celebrity Big Brother: final series begins 03 Jan 2010 Early Life: Beacham, from Barnet, in Hertfordshire, was born deaf in her right ear and with only 75% hearing in her left. The actress says she can hear perfectly well when people speak directly to her but struggles in social situations and sometimes gets nervous. Beacham had hoped to become a ballerina but was rejected from the Royal Ballet School and instead decided to teach movement to deaf children. She studied mime with Etienne Decroux in Paris but returned to the UK after she was sacked from her job as an au pair. Beacham stumbled into acting and went on to study at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London. Career High: Landing the lead role in the 1985 ITV series Connie. Beacham had been seriously ill in hospital when she was given the scripts. In an interview with Hello magazine she said the role ''helped me to go on living''. Love Life: Divorced from actor John McEnery. The couple have two daughters, Phoebe, 35, and Chloe, 32. Don't Mention: The 1981 low-budget film Inseminoid. Beacham said she only took the science fiction flick, and other film roles around the same time, to support her young daughters after her marriage break-up. Words Of Wisdom: On her role as Rose in Tenko: ''I didn't mind millions of viewers seeing me so unglamorous because I've got no real pride in my appearance. I couldn't care less if I'm wearing gorgeous dresses like Connie or Sable (in The Colbys), or rags like Rose. The only thing I really care about is that people believe in my character.'' :: Heidi Fleiss Real Name: Heidi Fleiss Age: 44 Best Known For: Being arrested in 1993, and later jailed, for running a Hollywood prostitution ring which was reported to have many famous clients. She has so far refused to name them. Early Life: Fleiss is the daughter of a Los Angeles paediatrician. Career High: Selling the rights to her life story to Paramount Pictures in 2004 for a reported £3.1 million. Love Life: Fleiss is reportedly engaged to Dennis Hof, whose legal brothels in Nevada were featured in the Cathouse documentaries. Don't Mention: Ex-boyfriend Tom Sizemore. The Saving Private Ryan actor was convicted in 2003 of assaulting Fleiss. Words Of Wisdom: ''I don't think prostitution is a career... but maybe a little stepping stone?'' :: Lady Sovereign Real name: Louise Harman Age: 24 Best Known For: The singles Love Me Or Hate Me and Nine2Five (vs The Ordinary Boys) Early Life: Raised on a council estate in Wembley, north-west London, she was influenced by her mother's Salt-n-Pepa albums and inspired by the success of Ms Dynamite. Aged 14, she began writing raps and uploading them to a So Solid Crew fan forum. Harman met DJ Frampster online and they started uploading sets online as the garage/grime duo Heavy Like Dat. Career High: Meeting Jay-Z, then president of record label Def Jam, in 2005. He asked her to perform freestyle and she was immediately signed, although later left the label. Love Life: Single Don't Mention: The night she spent in a Brisbane police cell in September after spitting in the face of a nightclub bouncer. The rapper pleaded guilty to assault and to being drunk and disorderly. Words Of Wisdom: On Big Brother: '	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,624	Who coined the phrase 'A verbal contract is not worth the paper it's written on'?	Verbal Contract Information - Online Lawyer Source Online Lawyer Source Call Us For Additional Information (888) 803-7598 Verbal Verbal Contract Information One of the most complicated problems that attorneys in contract law deal with is the verbal contract. Movie mogul Samuel Goldwyn is reported to have once said, "Verbal contracts aren't worth the paper they're printed on." Although they are notoriously difficult to regulate, state and federal laws regarding verbal contracts do exist, and can help to ensure the enforcement of a verbal contract. If you are involved in a dispute over a verbal contract, you need to ensure that your legal rights are protected. Please contact us today for a free consultation with an experienced contract lawyer who can help you understand your legal rights and options. Three Elements of a Verbal Contract In order to be considered valid, a verbal contract must contain three elements: offer, acceptance, and consideration. Offer: The person making the offer in a verbal contract must communicate their intent to enter into a contract. A verbal contract is not considered valid if all parties do not agree to the terms of the offer. Also, verbal contracts are only valid for a specified period of time and not indefinitely. Acceptance: A verbal contract is not valid until the offer is accepted. The acceptance of a verbal contract occurs when the person to whom the contract is offered voluntarily indicates agreement to its terms and conditions. Consideration: In addition to an offer and acceptance, verbal contracts must contain consideration. This means that each side must give the other something of value for the agreement to be binding. In most verbal contracts, this is an exchange of money, such as a down payment. However, in some cases, it is not money but a promise that is exchanged. Verbal Contract Law Verbal contracts are a convenient and commonly used form of agreement between two parties. However, the main problem with a verbal contract is that if any problems should arise and there were no witnesses to the agreement, the case is reduced to one party's word against another's. Even if verbal contract law is followed, a verbal contract is often easily contested. The best way to ensure that your contract will be binding is to consult with a legal professional who can help you understand the law and determine your options. If you are involved in a dispute over a verbal contract, a qualified contract lawyer can help you maximize your legal rights and interests . Please contact us today to speak with an experienced contract attorney near you. Need Legal Help?	The Dark Side Of Colonel Parker - An EIN Spotlight 'The Dark Side Of Colonel Parker' - An EIN Spotlight by Piers Beagley Although comedian Nipsy Russell stated that "Every entertainer should go to bed at night and pray he finds a Colonel Tom Parker under his bed when he wakes up in the morning" - is that really the truth? It is a fact that after Elvis' death an official investigation found that "both Colonel Parker and RCA acted in collusion against Presley's best interests. Colonel Parker was guilty of self-dealing and overreaching and had violated his duty to both Elvis and to the estate." In this in-depth Spotlight EIN takes a look at the darker side of Colonel Tom Parker - and includes plenty of insights from Elvis’ colleagues and friends. EIN Reader's Feedback added below - Updated August 2011 June 26th 2009 is a special date that commemorates four unique events of the Elvis World. 1. The 100th birthday of Colonel Parker. 2. The 32nd Anniversary of Elvis' final concert in Indianapolis. 3. The 30th Anniversary of the death of Elvis' father, Vernon Presley. 4. The 30th Anniversary of the revelation to Elvis’ estate that Colonel Parker was still fleecing his client. "Every entertainer should go to bed at night and pray he finds a Colonel Tom Parker under his bed when he wakes up in the morning" stated comedian Nipsy Russell when he opened for an Elvis Presley Show. But is that really the truth? In a recent issue of the Essential Elvis magazine The Colonel's widow, Loanna Parker is understandably very positive about her previous husband. She said, "The Colonel never once wavered from his commitment to do the best job he could for Elvis. So much has been written in a negative light about how the Colonel did this or did that to negatively impact Elvis in some way, and I can tell you that during the entire time I saw them together from 1969 until Elvis died in 1977 I never once saw a situation where the Colonel didn't do what was in the best interest of Elvis. There was never one time that Elvis was `forced or coerced' to do anything he didn't want to do. Every project that came along the Colonel made sure that Elvis approved of and signed off on it. You have to understand, the Colonel knew the business side and Elvis knew the creative side and they allowed each other to do their own thing. No one ever told Elvis what to do. Their relationship was very complex." In a recent DeAgostini Elvis magazine there was another article about The Colonel which mainly praised the glory of his early management suggesting that it only went downhill in the final few years. While there is no doubt that Elvis and The Colonel's story is extremely complex, in this article EIN takes a look at the darker side of Colonel Tom Parker and includs plenty of comments from Elvis’ colleagues. THE COLONEL The world knew him as Colonel Tom Parker, one of the most successful managers the entertainment business has ever seen. He claimed that he was a US citizen born in Huntington, West Virginia who had been orphaned young and had a colourful carnival youth. In reality however he was Andreas Cornelis van Kuijk from Breda in Holland, not a real Colonel and also an illegal immigrant. While Parker did enrol in the US army he was also listed as a deserter and spent sometime in solitary confinement as a punishment. This in turn ended for him with a few months in a Mental Institution suffering from psychosis. After his army discharge Parker began work in various carny jobs, before finally hitting the big-time with a 25% contract deal for managing up-and-coming Country star Eddy Arnold. It was in 1948 that Parker pulled off one of his most inspired "snow-jobs" when he persuaded Jimmie Davis, former country-singer turned Governor of Louisiana, to grant him the honorary title of "Colonel". With this the fake Americanisation of Dries van Kuijk was complete. PIONEERING EARLY MANAGEMENT Admirers of The Colonel's style point to the legendary US TV shows in 1956 and '57 as shining examples of the perfect manager at work. It was indeed truly ground-breaking media work	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,625	In the 'Star Wars' films, who was the twin sister of 'Luke Skywalker'?	Luke Skywalker (Character) - Biography biography The content of this page was created by users. It has not been screened or verified by IMDb staff. Warning! This character biography may contain plot spoilers. Visit our Character Biography Help to learn more. Character Biography Born: 19 BBY Height: 5' 8" (1.73 m) He is born to Padmï¿½ Amidala, moments before his twin sister, Leia. His mother dies in childbirth. Jedi Masters Yoda and Obi-Wan Kenobi hide the children to prevent the newly declared Galactic Empire and its ruler, Palpatine, using them to gain greater control over the galaxy. Leia would go to Alderaan and grow up a princess, the adopted daughter of Senator Bail Organa, and Luke would be taken to the desert planet of Tatooine to be raised as a moisture farmer by his Uncle Owen and Aunt Beru. Obi-Wan would then go into exile on Tatooine to keep an eye on Luke during his formative years. 19 years later, Luke lives a humdrum existence on Tatooine with his aunt and uncle, who have kept his father's true history a secret from him. He makes his first steps toward his destiny when he finds two droids, C-3PO and R2-D2; he meets Obi-Wan, whom he knows as the eccentric hermit "Ben Kenobi", for whom a message in R2-D2's memory system is intended. Obi-Wan tells him that his father was a Jedi, killed by Darth Vader. He then presents Luke with his father's lightsaber. Obi-Wan offers to take Luke to Alderaan, but Luke rejects his offer. Luke changes his mind when he discovers his aunt and uncle were killed by the Storm Troopers who were hunting down C-3PO & R2-D2. They catch a ride with the smugglers Han Solo and Chewbacca on their ship, the Millennium Falcon, only to find that Alderaan has been destroyed by the Empire's new superweapon, the Death Star. The group sneaks onto the Death Star and rescues a captive Princess Leia; in the process, Obi-Wan sacrifices himself in a duel with Vader. Luke is heartbroken, but finds the strength (with help from Obi-Wan's spirit) to join the Rebel Alliance and destroy the Death Star. Three years later, Luke is a commander in the Rebel Alliance. While on a mission on the ice planet Hoth, he is nearly killed by a Wampa; he escapes with the help of the Force and his lightsaber. In the frozen wasteland, he sees the spirit of Obi-Wan, who tells him to travel to the planet Dagobah and complete his training under Jedi Master Yoda. Han Solo then saves Luke from freezing to death, having rode out into the night to do so. When the Empire discovers the Rebel base on Hoth, Luke leads a snowspeeder squadron to cover the evacuation. Escaping Hoth in his X-wing, he travels to Dagobah, rather than regrouping with the Alliance. There, he meets Yoda and undergoes rigorous Jedi training, increasing his power in the Force. His training is interrupted by a vision of his friends in pain. Against Obi-Wan and Yoda's advice, he travels to Cloud City to save them, only to be lured into a lightsaber duel with Darth Vader. As his mentors warned, Luke proves to be no match for the powerful and experienced Vader. After losing his right hand, he learns the truth: Darth Vader is his father. Vader offers him the chance to turn to the dark side of the Force and rule the galaxy at his father's side. Horrified, Luke chooses to die rather than be corrupted and throws himself into a deep reactor chasm. However, he is sucked into a garbage chute to the underside of Cloud City and left hanging onto a weather vane. Leia, flying away from Cloud City in the Millennium Falcon, senses Luke's peril and turns the ship around to save him. Aboard the medical ship after rejoining the rebel fleet, Luke's missing hand is replaced with a robotic one. Luke, along with Leia, the droids, and Lando Calrissian, save Han Solo from the gangster Jabba the Hutt, who had acquired the carbonite-encased Solo after the events in the Cloud City. Luke offers to negotiate with Jabba, but instead is forced to fight a fearsome monster, the Rancor. When Luke kills it, Jabba sentences him to be thrown into a The Pit of Karcoon, to be eaten by the Sarlacc. Luke	Carrie Fisher - Biography - IMDb Carrie Fisher Biography Showing all 92 items Jump to: Overview (4) \| Mini Bio (1) \| Spouse (1) \| Trade Mark (5) \| Trivia (49) \| Personal Quotes (31) \| Salary (1) Overview (4) 5' 1" (1.55 m) Mini Bio (1) Carrie Frances Fisher was born on October 21, 1956 in Beverly Hills, Los Angeles, California, to singers/actors Eddie Fisher and Debbie Reynolds . She was an actress and writer, and is known for Star Wars: Episode IV - A New Hope (1977) (aka Star Wars: Episode IV - A New Hope (1977)), Star Wars: Episode V - The Empire Strikes Back (1980) and Star Wars: Episode VI - Return of the Jedi (1983). Fisher is also known for her book, "Postcards From The Edge", and Fisher wrote the screenplay for the movie from her novel. Carrie Fisher and talent agent Bryan Lourd have a daughter, Billie Lourd (Billie Catherine Lourd), born on July 17, 1992. - IMDb Mini Biography By: Jen Kilmer Spouse (1) Princess Leia Organa in the Star Wars films Often played smirking, sarcastic characters Large brown eyes Her father Eddie Fisher left her mother, Debbie Reynolds , when Carrie was two years old in order to marry Elizabeth Taylor . Mother, with Bryan Lourd , of daughter Billie Lourd (Billie Catherine Lourd), born on July 17, 1992. Older half-sister of Joely Fisher and Tricia Leigh Fisher . Older sister of Todd Fisher . The punk rock group Blink 182 wrote a song called "A New Hope", in which her Star Wars: Episode IV - A New Hope (1977) character Princess Leia is the lead singer's dream girl. She made her stage debut in 1975 in the chorus of the musical Irene, which starred her mother, Debbie Reynolds . Half-sister-in-law of Christopher Duddy and Byron Thames . Attended the Central School of Speech and Drama in London. Appeared in Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back (2001), which also starred Mark Hamill . It was the first time the two had appeared in the same film since Star Wars: Episode VI - Return of the Jedi (1983). Neither of them knew the other was involved in the project until shortly after filming had been completed. They would later reunite again in Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2015). She did her very first European signing in London, England in a hotel library on August 3, 2003. It was an exclusive one-day signing, and tickets limited to 500. She has confirmed in her autobiography that she disliked the "bagel bun" hairstyle she wore in the original Star Wars: Episode IV - A New Hope (1977). However, prior to filming, the studio had requested that she lose some weight first, which she hadn't. Out of fear of being fired for it, she was eager to comply with everything that director George Lucas suggested, which included the hairstyle. When asked to choose her favorite moment from the original Star Wars: Episode IV - A New Hope (1977) trilogy, she explained that her favorite moments were the arguing scenes between her and Harrison Ford . She had to stand on a box for many of her scenes with Harrison Ford in the original Star Wars: Episode IV - A New Hope (1977) trilogy because she was roughly a foot shorter than him and did not fit into the frame. Former stepdaughter of Connie Stevens , Harry Karl and Elizabeth Taylor . She was diagnosed with bipolar disorder and spoke on this topic to thousands of psychiatrists assembled for the American Psychiatric Association's Annual Meeting in May 2004 in New York City. She was listed as a potential nominee on the 2006 Razzie Award nominating ballot in the category of the Worst Supporting Actress category for her performance in the film Undiscovered (2005), however, she failed to receive a nomination. Weighed 7 lbs 2 ozs at birth. Her mother, Debbie Reynolds , lived next door to her for most of her life. She was once engaged to Dan Aykroyd . She has one daughter, Billie Lourd , whose father is the film agent, Bryan Lourd . Fisher and Lourd never married. After he left her for a man, she used the experience as the opening premise for her novel, The Best Awful. She wrote several novels, including the semi-autobiographical Postcards from the Edge, a thinly veiled study o	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,626	Which house was filmed as Pemberley in the BBC TV adaptation of 'Pride and Prejudice'?	Filming locations of Pride & Prejudice \| VisitBritain 200th Anniversary of Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice The Houses and Halls of Pride & Prejudice February 2013 As we celebrate in 2013 the 200th anniversary of Jane Austen’s acclaimed and enduring novel Pride & Prejudice, take the opportunity to visit some of the locations that made the story come alive in the book’s numerous film and television adaptations. Many of the spectacular houses, halls, parks and gardens featured in the films and television series are open to the public and promise to enthral fans of Jane Austen and those with a fondness for the English aristocracy. Chatsworth House The Pemberley Estate belonging to the novel’s romantic hero, Mr Darcy, has been portrayed in film by various spectacular properties around England. Perhaps the most famous is Derbyshire’s imposing Chatsworth House, which featured in the 2005 film starring Kiera Knightley. Lyme Park The 1995 BBC television series of Pride & Prejudice favoured three different locations for Darcy’s Pemberley Estate, with shots of the exterior completed at Lyme Park, Cheshire. Lyme Park is famous as the location of what quickly became known as the ‘lake scene’ that sees Mr Darcy, played by Colin Firth, emerge fully clothed from Pemberley’s lake. Though not a part of the original story, the scene had the effect of simultaneously shocking the fictional Elizabeth, securing the real Firth’s status as sex symbol extraordinaire and making Lyme Park one of television’s most recognisable backdrops. Lacock Village and Abbey The BBC chose Lacock Abbey for some of their Pemberley interior scenes. The Abbey is in Lacock Village in Wiltshire, used for portraying the village of Meryton in the BBC’s take on Pride & Prejudice, and where the Bennet sisters sought the latest gossip, the latest fashions and the latest dose of attention from the officers. Any budding Elizabeths in search of their own Mr. Darcy would do very well to pick up a National Trust Touring Pass – the pass includes access to Lyme Park, Lacock Abbey and Lacock Village! Lady Catherine’s Rosings Park Aside from venues used as the Pemberley Estate, there’s still plenty of Pride & Prejudice-themed exploring to be done elsewhere. Lincolnshire is home to Burghley House and Belton House which have been used as filming locations for Lady Catherine de Bourgh’s home, Rosings Park. Unlike in the days of Pride & Prejudice in which only a select few would have the privilege of being invited to the home of the formidable Lady Catherine, Burghley and Belton are now open to the public. Belton House in particular has been home to the kind of extravagant hospitality and trappings of wealth so beloved of Lady Catherine, and the property’s ‘Below Stairs’ tours offer an insight into the working lives of the servants who made it possible. Many more National Trust properties have been used as filming locations, not just for Pride & Prejudice but also adaptations of Jane Austen’s other works such as Emma and Sense & Sensibility, and even big Hollywood blockbusters. If you’re still unsure which pass to choose, our heritage pass comparison page can help you decide. Categories	Jane Austen, Literary Adaptations, Pride and Prejudice \| Literary Traveler Revisiting Jane: A Marriage Plot for the Modern Day Posted on October 16, 2013 By Amanda Festa “We had a long discussion about the comparative merits of Mr. Darcy and Mark Darcy, both agreeing that Mr. Darcy was more attractive because he was ruder but that being imaginary was a disadvantage that could not be overlooked.” – Helen Fielding, Bridget Jones’ Diary Unlike the unmarried women in some of her tales, Jane Austen’s novels never get old. Although her classic works were published a good two centuries ago, they have been continually adapted throughout the years in all their grand and sweeping Regency Era glory. Pride and Prejudice alone has found its way to film and television ten times, and while it’s always fun to see our favorite novels come to life — to put a human face to much-loved characters –it’s especially appreciated if that face belongs to Colin Firth and he finds himself emerging refreshed from a dip in the lake. If you haven’t seen the 1995 BBC Pride and Prejudice adaptation, give this scene a watch. It’s referenced in pop culture almost as much as the novel itself, and it is now commemorated by a 12-foot fiberglass sculpture that is making its way around England this year. But, bringing her nineteenth-century romantic hijinx to the big screen isn’t the only way modern-day authors and filmmakers are paying their respects to Miss Austen. In recent years, there has been an emerging trend of not only adapting but repurposing her work in completely unexpected ways. Why Austen’s work is so often recycled by contemporary writers should come as no surprise. Her smart humor and thoughtful social commentary are timeless conventions that provide insight into relationships, families, and class distinctions. Whether applied to early nineteenth-century England or late twentieth-century Beverly Hills, her themes remain universal — an unmatched lens by which we can examine our social sphere and the world. After all, no one does the marriage plot quite like Jane, and if you are going to write a romantic comedy, you may as well take a page from the best. The fierce female protagonists of Austen – from Emma Woodhouse to Fanny Price, and of course, Elizabeth Bennet — remain an inspiration to readers and writers, who have taken them up where Austen left off. Elizabeth Bennet has always been quick-witted and independent, but in recent years she’s been a detective, a zombie hunter, the heroine of a graphic novel and a YouTube sensation. And what about the other characters? 2014 will see a retelling of Pride and Prejudice from Mary Bennet’s point of view in The Forgotten Sister , and later this fall, Dinner with Mr. Darcy will offer recipes inspired by Austen’s novels. We all know Mr. Darcy can smolder, but can he cook? Pay tribute to Austen and her unforgettable work with these contemporary forays into the romantic misadventures she made famous. Bridget Jones’ Diary – In Helen Fielding’s 1996 novel, a single woman finds love with an unlikely suitor named Darcy. Sound familiar? It’s no coincidence. Fielding willingly admits that she “shamelessly stole the plot from Pride and Prejudice…I thought it had been very well market-researched over a number of centuries and she probably wouldn’t mind” (Daily Telegraph). Fielding’s novel became a 2001 film starring Rene Zellweger as Bridget Jones and Colin Firth as Mark Darcy – an inside joke for fans, who knew Firth as the Mr. Darcy of BBC fame who Bridget herself is so enamored with in the film and novel. Lizzie Bennet Diaries – What if Pride and Prejudice took place in the modern day and Elizabeth Bennet was a live-at-home grad student with a video blog and a Twitter account? The tale is mostly told by Lizzie, with appearances in her videos by sisters Jane and Lydia and good friend Charlotte. The much-anticipated visage of William Darcy (minus the Fitz) isn’t shown on camera until episode 60, although he is discussed, and he is every bit the uptight company man you would expect – the CEO of Pemberley Di	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,627	"""Apocalyse Now"" is a modern interpretation of what book by Joseph Conrad?"	Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now - Essay - July Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now By: July • Essay • 779 Words • March 6, 2010 • 436 Views Page 1 of 4 Join now to read essay Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now Heart of Darkness written by Joseph Conrad and "Apocalypse Now" a movie directed by Francis Coppola are two works that parallel one another but at the same time reflect their own era in time and their creator's own personal feelings and prejudices. "Apocalypse Now" was released in 1979 after two years in the making, as Coppola's modern interpretation to Joseph Conrad's novel, Heart of Darkness (Harris). Conrad's book is an excellent example of the advances writers and philosophers made in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This advance deals with civilized humanity's ability to be prepared for and know the unknown. (Johnson) Comparatively, Copolla's movie does the same in the late 1970's. "Apocalypse Now" dares to breach the edges of soldier sanity in a stressful and protested Vietnam War. One of the many similarities between Heart of Darkness and "Apocalypse Now" is race. Joseph Conrad and Francis Coppola both use white men as the characters that have dominance (Bradley). The white men not only dominate their respective crews, but also the peoples native to the country the white men are visiting. The character Conrad uses, Marlow, and Coppola uses his character, Willard, both look at the natives as though white men are the civilized culture and the native people are the savage culture (Franklin). Both works also reflect the theory that "civilized" white men that go into an uncivilized land become savage and do not return to white civilization. An example of this that is in the book is MarlowХs appointment with the doctor. The doctor measures Marlow's skull to compare its size at the present time to the size of his skull upon his return from the Congo. The thought is that a civilized manХs skull is a different size than a savage's skull. When Marlow asks the doctor how what the results of this test have been in the past, the doctor comments that there are none because no civilized person has ever returned from the Congo. An example of this in the movie is when Willard faces his own personality of whether or not to complete his soldierly mission of killing Kurtz or to abort it. If he completes the mission he is still civil, if he does not, the Vietnam jungle has conquered him. The first soldier that is sent to kill Kurtz did not kill Kurtz, but in fact became one of his followers. The jungle overcame the first soldier. An important similarity of the main characters in each work is that each character has a sympathy for Kurtz and when Kurtz dies, Marlow and Willard see a little of themselves in this degenerated savage white man (Harris). Perhaps the similarity of the book and movie is that we, the reader and viewer are intended to discover the darkness in our own hearts. Although Continue for 3 more pages » • Join now to read essay Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now and other term papers or research documents Francis Ford Coppola’s Apocalypse Now lacks the impact of its inspiration, Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness. While the basic elements of imperialism and human nature 1,119 Words \| 5 Pages Nobel Prize winner Hermann Hesse once wisely noted, вЂњEvery age, every culture, every custom and tradition has its own character, its own weakness and its 2,187 Words \| 9 Pages Important Note: If you'd like to save a copy of the paper on your computer, you can COPY and PASTE it into your word processor. 2,366 Words \| 10 Pages Apocalypse Now, directed by Francis Ford Coppola, is the story of Captain Willard’s journey up the Nung River in Cambodia to kill a general, Kurtz, 1,333 Words \| 6 Pages In the opening scenes of the documentary film "Hearts of Darkness-A Filmmaker's Apocalypse," Eleanor Coppola describes her husband Francis's film, "Apocalypse Now," as being 1,452 Words \| 6 Pages	"Mr. Bennett and Mrs. Brown" - Modernism Lab Essays "Mr. Bennett and Mrs. Brown" From Modernism Lab Essays by Aleksandar Stevic “Mr. Bennett and Mrs. Brown” is a 1923 essay by Virginia Woolf . However, it should be noted that much of the argument of the essay Woolf also developed in a number of other texts, including “Modern Novels” ( 1919 ), “Character in Fiction” ( 1924 ) and “Modern Fiction” ( 1925 ). In fact, “Mr. Bennett and Mrs. Brown” is just one of several closely related versions of Woolf's account of the state of the modern novel, and it seems appropriate to read the essay with other versions of the argument in mind. There are at least two central features that “Mr. Bennett and Mrs. Brown” shares with texts like “Modern Fiction”; first, there is the shared concern with representation, and especially representation of character; and second, this concern is almost always explored with respect to the literary practices of Edwardian writers. It is typical of Woolf to define her theoretical position against the generation of novelists that immediately precedes her own. Woolf assesses the state of the novel and voices her own expectations of the genre precisely trough the analysis of what she felt were the failures of Edwardian novelists. “Mr. Bennett and Mrs. Brown” is written as a polemical answer to Arnold Bennett's claim that the novel is in crisis due to the failure of Georgian novelists in the art of “character-making” which he finds crucial for successful novel-writing. Woolf partially accepts both Bennett's account of the current state of the novel and agrees with the claim that the representation of characters is central to the novel as a genre. She accepts that “the novel is a very remarkable machine for the creation of human character” (384), and agrees that it is precisely the crisis in character-making that sparks a wider crisis of the genre: “And it is because this essence, this character-making power, has evaporated that novels are for the most part the soulless bodies we know, cumbering our tables and clogging our minds” (383-384). The point of contention for Woolf is primarily the question of the origins of this crisis. While for Bennett Georgians are to be blamed, Woolf, predictably, locates the problem in the previous generation of writers – Galsworthy, Wells and Bennett himself. Obviously, the dispute bears clear marks of a conflict between two literary generations, but in doing so it also touches on some crucial theoretical questions, and is highly instructive on the issue of Woolf's stance on representation and on the status of character in fiction. The charge against Edwardian writers in “Mr. Bennett and Mrs. Brown” is that while representing a vast number of details, they fail in creating believable characters. In their writings “every sort of town is represented, and innumerable institutions”, but “in all this vast conglomeration of printed pages, in all that congeries of streets and houses, there isn't a single man or woman we know” (385). It appears that in the Edwardian fiction Woolf sees signs of excessive pedantry and attention to detail, but lack of ability to convey complex characters. In this failure Edwardians are firmly opposed to the “astonishing vividness and reality of the characters” of the Victorian novel (385). Woolf apparently believed that after the end of the Victorian period, a crucial change took place in the English novel, undermining the task of character-representation. Woolf identified several causes of this change. First, the turn towards moralism and social reform visible in authors like Galsworthy. The second factor was the influence of Dostoevsky whose characters appear to be constructed in such a way that undermined both the Victorian understanding of character and any attempt to seriously deal with character in English fiction. “But what keyword could be applied to Raskolnikov, Mishkin, Stavrogin, or Alyosha? These characters without any features at all. We go down into them as we descend into some enormous cavern. Lights swing about; we hear the bottom of the s	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,628	Who is the quizmaster on the Radio 4 programme I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue	I'm Sorry I Haven't A Clue / Shows / Colston Hall Share this event on Facebook Tweet about this event Following sell-out tours in 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010, BBC Radio’s multi-award-winning, self-styled antidote to panel games heads back on the road. Barry Cryer, GraemeGarden, Tim Brooke-Taylor, Jeremy Hardy and host Jack Dee host an evening of inspired nonsense. “They have now become the National Theatre of fun,” says the Daily Telegraph. Were you at this show? We'd love to hear your memories of the performance. Add your photos, reviews and memories via Twitter using the hashtags: #colstonhall and #show35842 and they will appear on this page Previous Next I'm Sorry I Haven't A Clue The popular panel show ‘I’m Sorry I Haven’t A Clue’ has been delighting audiences since 1972. It has always been billed as ‘the antidote to panel games’, although the panel games to which it was originally an antidote are now long gone. The programme was devised as an alternative to I’m Sorry I’ll Read That Again, the chaotic sketch show that ran from 1964 to 1973 starring John Cleese, Graeme Garden, Bill Oddie, Tim Brooke-Taylor, Jo Kendall and David Hatch. The format of the game is very simple: four players are given silly things to do by the Chairman, with Colin Sell setting some of them to music. Jazz legend Humphrey Lyttelton was the the first chairman, until his death in 2008. Over the years many well-known names have joined the team, including Jack Dee, who hosts the radio show and chairs the live shows, along with Rob Brydon and others. The world of Clue continues to expand and evolve, constantly creating new games and welcoming a new generation of Clue players, attracting new fans along the way. facebook Jack Dee The master of deadpan humour Jack Dee has been performing stand-up since 1986, when he attended an open mic at the Comedy Store. He garnered a British Comedy Award in 1991 for Best Stage Newcomer, which led to him bagging his own Channel 4 show, The Jack Dee Show, a year later. Since then he has played to sell-out crowds at high-profile venues such as London Hammersmith Apollo and the London Palladium, as well as being a regular face on our screens appearing as a team captain on the BBC’s Shooting Stars, QI, and starring in his own sit-com, Lead Balloon. He is now the regular host of BBC Radio 4’s I’m Sorry I Haven’t A Clue, filling the shoes of the late Humphrey Littleton.	1. If Mercury is 1, and Venus is 2, what is 6? - Jade Wright - Liverpool Echo 1. If Mercury is 1, and Venus is 2, what is 6? 2. If William Hartnell is 1, and Patrick Troughton is 2, who is 4? Share Get daily updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email 2. If William Hartnell is 1, and Patrick Troughton is 2, who is 4? 3. If Alpha is 1, and Beta is 2, what is 6? 4. If Tony Blackburn won in 2002, Phil Tuffnell won in 2003, and Kerry Katona won in 2004, who won in 2007? 5. If David Lloyd George is 1, Andrew Bonal Law is 2, and Stanley Baldwin is 3, who is 4? 6. If Liverpool won in 2006, and Chelsea won in 2007, who won in 2008? 7. How many pints does a 10- gallon hat hold? 8. Who was murdered by Fitzurse, de Tracy, de Morville and Le Breton? 9. Who presents Location, Location, Location with Phil Spencer? 10. From what ancient activity does the word ‘crestfallen’ come? 11. What non-mechanical sport achieves the highest speeds? 12. What major city is on an island in the St Lawrence river? 13. Who succeeded Alf Ramsey to become caretaker manger for the English national football team in 1974? 14. What did Britain’s roads first acquire in 1914? 15. Which former Liverpool player held the record for the fastest hat-trick, scoring 3 goals in less than 5 minutes? 16. Myleen Klass (pictured) now presents 10 Years Younger on Channel 4, but what was the name of the pop band that gave her success in 2001? 17. Who was the presenter of Out Of Town in the 1960s who went on to appear on the children’s TV programme How? 18. Whose autobiography is called Dear Fatty? 19. Who were Tom and Barbara’s neighbours in The Good Life? 20. In Cockney rhyming slang what are your ‘Daisy Roots’? 21. What is the surname of the twin brothers who compiled the Guinness Book of Records together between 1955 and 1975? 22. Which actor played Columbo? 23. Does the Bactrian camel have one hump, or two? 24. Where is the world's largest four-faced chiming clock? 25. Concerned about the impact of uncontrolled development and industrialisation, what National Charity was founded in 1895 by three Victorian philanthropists, Miss Octavia Hill, Sir Robert Hunter and Canon Hardwicke Rawnsley? 26. What famous make of motorcycle was Lawrence of Arabia riding when he was tragically killed in Dorset in 1936? 27. What colour of flag should a ship fly to show it is in quarantine? 28. Purple Brittlegill, Velvet Shank and Orange Milkcap are three types of what? 29. What is the name of the flats where the Trotters lived in Only Fools And Horses? 30. In computing, what does the abbreviation USB stand for? ANSWERS: 1. Saturn; 2. Tom Baker (Doctor Who actors); 3. Zeta; 4. Christopher Biggins. (I’m a Celebrity, Get Me Out of Here. Joe Pasquale 04, Carol Thatcher 05, Matt Willis 06, and Joe Swash 08); 5. Ramsay MacDonald (Prime Ministers post WW1); 6. Portsmouth (FA Cup); 7. 6; 8. Thomas Becket; 9. Kirstie Allsopp; 10. Cockfighting; 11. Sky-diving; 12. Montreal; 13. Joe Mercer; 14. White Lines; 15. Robbie Fowler; 16. Hearsay; 17. Jack Hargreaves; 18. Dawn French; 19. Margo and Jerry Leadbetter; 20. Boots; 21. McWhirter (Ross and Norris); 22. Peter Falk; 23. Two; 24. The Clock Tower on the Palace of Westminster in London (Big Ben is the nickname for the bell); 25. The National Trust; 26. Brough Superior; 27. Yellow; 28. Fungi; 29. Nelson Mandela House; 30. Universal Serial Bus Like us on Facebook	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,629	What word is used to describe the lowest temperature at which vapour above a liquid can be ignited?	Flashing point \| Article about Flashing point by The Free Dictionary Flashing point \| Article about Flashing point by The Free Dictionary http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Flashing+point Related to Flashing point: flashpoint flash point the lowest temperature at which the vapour above a liquid can be ignited in air flash point [′flash ‚pȯint] (chemistry) The lowest temperature at which vapors from a volatile liquid will ignite momentarily upon the application of a small flame under specified conditions; test conditions can be either open- or closed-cup. flash point The minimum temperature of a combustible material at which there is sufficient vaporization to produce a combustible mixture with air if ignited by a flame.	What is a young pigeon called Squab 30 Around which French town - IT - 402 View Full Document What is a young pigeon called Squab 30 Around which French town is the champagne industry located Epernay 31 What country invented castanets Egypt 32 Who is the patron saint of music St Cecilia 33 Whose first box office film was called Risky Business Tom Cruise 34 What is the smallest state of Australia Tasmania 35 What is measured by an interferometer Wavelength of light 36 What airlines identification code is VS Virgin Atlantic 37 The Grand Duke 38 What emperor ordered St Peter crucified Nero 39 What was the name of Ali Babas female slave Morgiana 40 In which novel does the character Quebec Bagnet appear Bleak House 41 Sarah Josepha Hall wrote what Mary had a little lamb 42 What is the main ingredient of faggots Liver 43 Who were the first people to measure the year Babylonians 44 Who voices the female hyena in the lion king Whoopee Goldberg 45 Anthony McMillan became famous as who Robbie Coltrane 46 Roy Thines played David Vincent in which TV series The Invaders 47 What colour is the cap given to an England cricket player Blue 48 What capital city began as the village of Edo Tokyo 49 Whose music was on the soundtrack of When Harry met Sally Harry Connick Jr 50 In which sport is there a York round Archery Page 28 This preview has intentionally blurred sections. Sign up to view the full version. View Full Document 10000 general knowledge questions and answers www.cartiaz.ro No Questions Quiz 14 Answers 51 In Penny Lane what is the nurse selling from a tray Poppies 52 Whose last words were "lets do it" Garry Gilmore 53 The Black Swan is native to which country Australia 54 Who said "All the world's art ain't worth a good potato pie" L S Lowrie 55 Collective nouns a Toc of what Capercailzie 56 If you had podobromhidrosis what would you have Smelly Feet 57 What instrument is also called the octave flute Piccolo 58 What type of food is coulibac Russian Fish Pie 59 What spice is used to make a whiskey sling Nutmeg 60 What sort of creature is a tarantula hawk Wasp - hunts spiders 61 Where does the spice saffron come from The Crocus 62 What tennis player had trials with Bayern Munich soccer club Boris Becker 63 Which children's character was created by Mary Tourtel Rupert the Bear 64 What does the name Ghengis Khan mean Very Mighty Ruler 65 Who was Canada's first prime minister Sir John MacDonald 66 In Utmost Good Faith is the motto of which organisation Lloyds of London 67 The Shadows first record went straight to no 1 - what was it Apache 68 What is the most common disease in the world Dental Caries 69 Cirrus is a cloud type - what literal translation of its Latin name Lock of Hair 70 Which country was the first to make seat belts compulsory Czechoslovakia 71 What do Stacey Keach and Oscar Wilde have in common Reading Jail 72 Mathew Webb swam the channel - where did he drown Niagara Falls 73 In what movie did Sinatra sing My Kind of Town Robin and the 7 Hoods 74 Whose last unfinished novel was The Last Tycoon F Scott Fitzgerald 75 What do callipygian people have Prettily shaped buttocks 76 Collective nouns a Host of Sparrows 77 This is the end of the preview. Sign up to access the rest of the document. TERM Kenyatta University IT 402 - Spring 2015 1 2 3 4 5 Sampling In Research What is research? According Webster (1985), to researc HYPO.docx	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,630	Which comedian and panel game member wrote the 2007 book 'Silent Comedy' about Charlie Chaplin, Buster Keaton, Harold Lloyd and others?	Standup Comedy On TV \| Stewart Lee Standup Comedy On TV Glasgow Herald , Wednesday, August 1st, 2007. “Stand-up comedy does not work on the small screen”. It’s one of the glib truisms of television and its timorous gatekeepers, the executives, the commisioners, the controllers. Look around you. Yes, there are hundreds of stand-up comedians on television. But none of them are actually doing stand-up comedy. They are playing panel games, and hosting late night shows, and playing pranks on the public, or advertising insurance, with their funny faces. TV types think of stand-ups as versatile everymen, ideal for the era of cheap multichannel filler, more talented and adaptable than the average dedicated TV presenter, and pathetically grateful to be working. But they would rather send them to learn how to row, or cook alongside a celebrity chef, than allow them to do what they are good at. This mistreatment of the artform belittles the real strengths of stand-up – initimacy, duality of meaning, toying with taste and taboo, cross referencing between routines spread around over timeslots way beyond the standard TV half hour, and taking the risks that a relationship built on mutual trust between audience and performer in a live environment allows. Thus, the more individual and distinctive a stand-up talent is, the more they embody the possibilities of the medium of stand-up itself, the less likely it appears they are to be squeezed effectively into the box. I once took a Channel 4 executive to see a comedian I wanted to try and produce something for at a small theatre in South London. “That was one of the most amazing things I have ever seen,” he said. “But what could you do with it?” And that was that. Stand-up comedy does not work on television, they say. But who are they? They are the television people, and they commissioned Eldorado. But I am a stand-up comedian. And I would like to work on television. God knows I tried. I attempted the panel game circuit. The woman doing publicity for my forthcoming Edinburgh show lobbied to get me on one, and the money was attractive with a new baby, and so I found myself sat at the end of a line of comedians in a TV studio, having been warned of the topics that would be covered. The lights came up and I felt myself go blank. The situation seemed to have no relation to anything I had ever done before. Time passed. I waited patiently and quietly for the show to be over. Everyone else managed. I only said one thing, which was about the production company who made the programme, and had been in trouble recently for their handling of Celebrity Big Brother, which they also make, and which I had been invited to ridicule for the entertainment of the crowd. The host, who I could feel really trying to help me out, noted that, after four series of the programme, he considered what I had just said to be the least likely comment to reach the final edit of anything any guest had ever contributed. A few days later, in Galway, a man explained he had tried to get rid of his tickets to my gig having seen me on the television panel show. Nonetheless, it was a great honour, earlier this year, to be voted the 41st greatest stand-up of all time by a public vote on the internationally respected Channel 4 TV station, makers of Balls Of Steel and Celebrity Big Brother, and indeed I have named my new stand-up show 41st Best Stand-Up Ever in recognition of this. But it’s not an accolade that comes with any paid broadcasting work attached to it. Having spent my life being praised for not selling out, I’d now love to find a way of buying in, but my performance on the panel games clearly proves this is not an option for me. Can we just do some stand-up, that thing that doesn’t work on television? Increasingly, nothing works on television, – even simple phone-ins have become too complicated to administrate without causing a scandal, – so why single stand-up out as a potential problem? The reason why stand-up has been problematic for television is because it is one of the High Arts, more comparable to ballet than variety	BBC Radio 4 - Desert Island Discs - Presenters Desert Island Discs Presenters Roy Plomley Roy Plomley, the programme's creator, presented the programme for 43 years. Starting out as a stage and film actor, he began working in radio in 1936 as an announcer on Radio Normandy. Following a stint with International Radio, broadcasting from Paris and London, he began to freelance for the BBC in 1940. Although he also wrote plays, and presented other programmes such as One Minute, Please, he will be forever associated with Desert Island Discs. He wrote several books about the programme: Desert Island Discs (1975), Desert Island Picks (1982) and Desert Island Lists (1984, with his producer then, Derek Drescher). Michael Parkinson Michael Parkinson was asked to take the chair following Roy Plomley's death in May 1985. His first castaway, on 5th January 1986, was the film director Alan Parker. Parkinson, widely celebrated for his successful TV chat-show, had already himself appeared as a castaway on 19th Feb 1972. Between 1986 and 1988, he presented nearly 100 programmes but by the end of 1987 he'd decided to move on. On 13th March 1988 he interviewed his final castaway - athlete Brendan Foster Sue Lawley Sue Lawley was well-known as a TV reporter, newsreader and presenter & had appeared as a castaway on 8th November 1987, interviewed by Michael Parkinson. Her first guest was Lord Hailsham (Quintin Hogg), who was castaway on 27th March 1988. Describing the role as “one of the best jobs in broadcasting”, Sue went on to interview a further 771 people from all aspects of public life including politics, entertainment, science and sport. On 27th August 2006, her final castaway was the actress Dame Joan Plowright, Sir Laurence Olivier’s widow. Kirsty Young Journalist and broadcaster Kirsty Young opened her tenure as presenter by interviewing the illustrator Quentin Blake on 1st October 2006. Among her guests have been musicians Morrissey, Sir Tom Jones, Alice Cooper, and Barry Manilow, politicians Nick Clegg, Alex Salmond and Alan Johnson, actors Sir Michael Caine, Kathy Burke and June Spencer. In addition to Desert Island Discs, since 2008 she has been the presenter of Crimewatch on BBC One and has also presented the documentary series The British Family and The British at Work. Other Desert Island Discs presenters Two other people have presented editions of Desert Island Discs - Leslie Perowne, Head of Popular Record Programmes at the BBC, who interviewed Roy Plomley the first time he appeared as a castaway in May 1942. On the second occasion Plomley was castaway, in May 1958, he was interviewed by Eamonn Andrews. Strictly speaking, therefore, six people have presented Desert Island Discs over its sixty years, although only Roy Plomley, Michael Parkinson, Sue Lawley and Kirsty Young can genuinely be called 'Desert Island Discs presenters' in the accepted sense.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,631	Pikachu is one of the species of creatures in which series of games?	Pikachu \| Anime and Manga Characters Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia ( view authors) . Pikachu (ピカチュウ Pikachū?) is one of the species of Pokémon creatures from the Pokémon media franchise—a collection of video games, anime, manga, books, trading cards, and other media created by Satoshi Tajiri. As do all Pokémon, Pikachu fight other Pokémon in battles central to the anime, manga, and games of the series. Pikachu is among the most recognizable Pokémon, largely because a Pikachu is a central character in the Pokémon anime series. Pikachu is widely considered the most popular Pokémon, is regarded as the official mascot of the Pokémon franchise, and has become an icon of Japanese culture in recent years. Within the world of the Pokémon franchise, Pikachu are often found in houses, forests, plains, and occasionally near mountains, islands, and electrical sources (such as power plants), on most continents throughout the fictional world. As an Electric-type Pokémon, Pikachu can store electricity in its cheeks and release it in lightning-based attacks. Pikachu is the evolved form of Pichu, which evolves at full happiness, and evolves into a Raichu with a "Thunderstone".	My Questions - Documents Documents Share My Questions Embed <iframe src="http://docslide.us/embed/my-questions.html" width="750" height="600" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" style="border:1px solid #CCC; border-width:1px; margin-bottom:5px; max-width: 100%;" allowfullscreen> </iframe> <div style="margin-bottom:5px"> <strong> <a href="http://docslide.us/documents/my-questions.html" title="My Questions" target="_blank">My Questions</a></div> size(px) Download My Questions Transcript Chemically pure gold contains how many carats? What is the tallest and thickest type of grass? What was the surname of the family who employed Julie Andrews' character in 'The Sound Of Music'? Which nation has won the Eurovision Song Contest more than any other? What is the most common gas in the air we breathe? Which three different actors played Batman in the movies between 1989 and 1997? What colour is Bart's skateboard in the introduction? The theme tune to which TV show starts with the line "Stick a pony in me pocket"? Which soap opera is set in the fictional county of Borsetshire? Who did Sue Barker replace as host of the BBC quiz show "A Question Of Sport"? Which "Generation Game" presenter was famous for his catchphrase "Shut That Door"? "No Mean City" by Maggie Bell is the theme tune to which long running Scottish TV detective show? Anthony, Barbara, Dave, Denise, Jim and Norma make up which famous family on British TV? Which part did Deforest Kelley play in the TV series Star Trek? True or False In space it is impossible to cry? Famous sitcom actor Kelsey Grammar provides the voice for for a character in which famous cartoon TV Series The largest ever picnic for a childs toy was held in Dublin in 1995 where 33,573 of the toys were there . What was the toy ? Which American state comes first alphabetically? In Greek legend, what is the name given to the creature that is half man and half bull? Which country has the airline KLM? The sinking of which famous German battleship was portrayed in the title of a 1960 film? What organisation is also known as "La Cosa Nostra"? What was the Titanic’s first port of call after it left Southampton? Which mountain overshadows Fort William in scotland ? What was the name of the 1995 film starring Sandra Bullock as a computer expert whose identity is erased? A penguin called Wheezy was a character in which film ? Who played Vince in the 1980s TV series "Just Good Friends"? In which 1994 film did Whoopi Goldberg provide the voice of a hyena called Shenzi? What is the only venomous snake in Britain? How many pieces are there in a standard set of dominoes? James Earl Ray was responsible for who's death in 1968? In which city in England is the National Railway Museum? In the music world, which group sacked Simon Fuller in 1997? Which Roman God is one of the symbols of St Valentine's Day? What was the challanging method of catching a fly asked of Daniel in the film "The Karate Kid"? Actor Richard Kiel is best known for playing which character in two bond films ? Which is the odd one out, Comet, Dixon, Cupid, Vixen? Which planet in the solar system is named after the Roman messenger to the Gods? What product did Coke invented in 1982? Which Japanese word, also used in the English language, means "empty orchestra"? On which date does Halloween fall? Oscar is the first name of which of the famous songwriting duo Rogers and Hammerstein? 24 Bamboo Von Trappe Ireland Nitrogen Michael Keaton, Val Kilmer and George Clooney Green Only Fools And Horses The Archers David Coleman Larry Grayson Taggart The Royle Family Dr. Leonard "Bones" McCoy True (there is no gravity, so tears cannot flow) The Simpsons Teddy Bear Alabama Minotaur The Netherlands The Bismark The Mafia Cherbourg Ben Nevis The Net Toy Story 2 Paul Nicholas "The Lion King" The Adder 28 Martin Luther King's York Manager of the Spice Girls Cupid Using chopsticks to do it Jaws (in two James Bond films) Dixon - the others are Santa's reindeer Mercury Diet Coke Karaoke October 31st Hammerstein On 11th February 1990, which fam	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,632	In which city did George Bush begin his Asian tour	Obama begins Asia tour with reassurance to Japan - CNN.com Obama begins Asia tour with reassurance to Japan By Jethro Mullen and Kevin Liptak, CNN Updated 10:35 AM ET, Wed April 23, 2014 Chat with us in Facebook Messenger. Find out what's happening in the world as it unfolds. U.S. President Barack Obama arrives Wednesday at Haneda International Airport in Tokyo. Story highlights President Obama says a set of disputed islands fall under a U.S.-Japanese treaty He makes the comments to Japanese paper ahead of a visit to Asia China disputes his assertion, saying the U.S. should "respect the truth" President Barack Obama arrived in Japan on Wednesday for the first part of his Asia trip that started with reassuring Tokyo of U.S. support in its bitter territorial dispute with China. Obama made his first stop in Tokyo on a weeklong tour that will also take him to South Korea, Malaysia and the Philippines. Obama and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe met over what's been described as the "world's best sushi" at Sukiyabashi Jiro, a top-rated restaurant in the Ginza district. The dinner also brought out the new U.S. ambassador to Japan, Caroline Kennedy. On Thursday, Obama will start a formal state visit to the nation -- the highest designation for a foreign leader. Obama's appearances in Japan will be tinged with formality — meetings with the royal family, a stop at the Meiji shrine and a protocol-bound state dinner. Japan's first state visit by an American president in almost two decades comes as the United States works to reassure Abe and other Asian leaders that the United States remains committed to turning foreign policy focus on them. JUST WATCHED MUST WATCH 2013: U.S.-China ties tested 00:46 The "pivot to Asia" that began almost three years ago meant to put a greater emphasis on diplomatic and economic efforts toward Pacific nations to counterbalance China's influence in the region. Obama begins Asia trip with 'the best sushi I've ever had' But Middle East uprisings, the Syrian civil war and new diplomacy with Iran have made some Asian leaders wonder when the "pivot" would take shape. At the start of his long-awaited visit, Obama waded into a fraught territorial dispute between Japan and China. He told a Japanese newspaper that a group of uninhabited islands in the East China Sea claimed by both Tokyo and Beijing "fall within the scope" of a U.S.-Japanese security treaty, implying the United States could step in militarily in the event of a clash over the territory. It's the first time an incumbent U.S. President has made such a statement on the bitterly disputed islands, and comes as Asian nations nervously watch the U.S. response to Russia's incursion into Ukraine. Japan has eyed the Ukraine situation closely. Obama's comments Wednesday should dispel at least some of its worry. "We oppose any unilateral attempts to undermine Japan's administration of these islands," Obama said in answers to questions submitted by the Yomiuri Shimbun. Both Tokyo and Beijing say the islands, known as Senkaku in Japan and Diaoyu in China, are an inherent part of their territory. Taiwan, which lies 120 miles (about 190 kilometers) southwest of the islands, also stakes a claim to them. Obama's words, reiterating statements made in previous years by former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, drew a swift rebuke from Beijing. "The United States should respect the truth, not take any sides, be careful about its words and behavior, and uphold peace and stability," said Qin Gang, a spokesman for the Chinese Foreign Ministry. But Obama's comments are likely to provide some reassurance to Japan. The Chinese government has stepped up efforts in recent years to challenge Japan's control of the small, rocky islands and the waters and airspace around them. Obama's efforts to reassure Asian allies also extend to his push for the Trans-Pacific Partnership , a massive trade deal the White House hopes will open economic channels in the region. In the works for years, the Japan portion of the trade deal is not expected to be finalized this week -- due to disa	Black Eyed Peas comes home "Philippines." Apl de ap, will.i.am, Taboo and Fergie - YouTube Black Eyed Peas comes home "Philippines." Apl de ap, will.i.am, Taboo and Fergie Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. The interactive transcript could not be loaded. Loading... Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Oct 24, 2011 Black Eyed Peas' Manila concert is special for Fil-Am member apl.de.ap By: Karen Boncocan INQUIRER.net October 24, 2011 \| 8:38 pm MANILA, Philippines — The Black Eyed Peas concert "Where Is the Love? This Is the Love," set this Tuesday at the SM Mall of Asia (MOA) Concert Grounds, is not just a venue to get a dose of the group's electro-spiked hip-hop tunes but a special celebration of Filipino-American member apl.de.ap's roots. Speaking to reporters at their press conference Monday at the EDSA Shangri-La, the four-member group composed of will.i.am (William Adams), apl.de.ap (Allan Pineda), Taboo (Jaime Gomez) and Fergie (Stacy Ann Ferguson) expressed their fondness for the Philippines, the local fans and the Filipino culture. Apl.de.ap described the concert to be a very important event in his life coming from the time he was adopted and taken to the United States from his hometown Sapang Bato, Angeles City, in Pampanga. He said that it was "amazing... just to be here right now," adding that the reception of the Filipino community for his Tagalog songs gave him the "motivation to keep on singing (and) share my culture. (It is) one of the great gifts I received from my countrymen." Taboo revealed how their group started out playing their music in Filipino communities in Glendale, California, "smelling of chicken adobo...and lumpia." He said that it was also apl.de.ap who introduced him to "the beauty of Filipinas," adding that he eventually married one who hailed from Cavite. A close friend of apl.de.ap, will.i.am said that when his friend felt sad and homesick he would try to cheer him up by saying "one day we're gonna go to the Philippines." But the welcome they received when they visited the Philippines was so much more than how he had imagined it, said will.i.am. He also recalled the time when he told apl.de.ap how the reception of Filipinos for their songs were "special. America's not gonna embrace this like the Filipinos do. You could do so much for (the) country." This has translated to the Fil-Am member's work in sharing what he has achieved to Filipino children by providing computer laboratories to schools in his hometown, and the promise of creating 10,000 more classrooms nationwide through the collaboration of the Ninoy and Cory Aquino Foundation (NCAF) and the apl.de.ap Foundation dubbed "We Can Be Anything." Black Eyed Peas Apl.de.ap said that he wanted Filipino children to "have a place to develop their imagination and (have access to) technology...so they can compete around the world." Will.i.am said that he was proud of his friend for "not only (giving) back but paying it forward." The Philippines being the home of one of her closest friends whom she considers to be her "brother," Fergie said she admired the trait of the Filipino community where "everyone sticks together...like a family." She said that this character of the Filipino people was "a beautiful thing...that should be looked up to." Will.i.am supported Fergie's observation of Filipino culture by saying that "America can learn from the Philippines when it comes to culture, family, working hard--I'm not saying they don't work hard but we can learn from Filipinos." For Taboo, aside from the rich culture, the Filipinos' tenacity was also a great trait. The group revealed that their trip is also a chance for apl.de.ap to show them around the country as Fergie revealed that they were "seeing some indigenous spots...a little tour (the details of which are) very secret." "I can't wait for them to taste my mom's adobo, nilaga, tortang talong...and ye	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,633	What is the name of the owl who told us “Give a hoot – don’t pollute” in a series of Public Service Announcements?	“Give a Hoot – don’t pollute.” \| Musings of the Amusing Muse Musings of the Amusing Muse Posted on March 30, 2012 by The Amusing Muse Yes, I’m of an age that I remember that phrase/request/command uttered by the US Forest Service ‘s mascot, Woodsy Owl , during my Saturday morning cartoon binges. Slipped in there between Tom & Jerry and The Looney Tunes, Woodsy got us children caring for our environment (hopefully). I prefer the “retro” version of Woodsy as opposed to the newer rendition (which is creepy looking), which shouldn’t be seen as unusual as I prefer the retro versions of a lot of things (see my secret desire: Star Motorcycles V Star drool… deco styling in the details). I digressed… again. Woodsy Owl Woodsy’s message was ingrained into my brain along with the messages of Smokey Bear and even though it was a little before my time, I still saw it, Keep America Beautiful’s ad campaign of the “ Crying Indian “. I’ve written before about how my Mom would take us kids for walks down the road with a wagon and we’d pick up the trash in the ditches that accumulated during the winter. We’d do this a few times a year, keeping things picked up and litter-free. I’ve kept on with this same mentality and tradition, walking two miles of road around my house, towing my wagon loaded with empty cat litter buckets so I and sort the trash and recycling that I find. Smokey Bear So, imagine how disappointed I am when I see people toss trash out of their cars (apple cores and banana peels don’t count for me – they decompose… and new apple trees are born that way). I wag my finger at those who toss their cigarette butts out their car windows or open their doors at stop lights and dump their car’s ashtray out on the roadway. FOR SHAME! This disappointment I feel is doubly so when I venture to a “wild area”, which should be pristine and unspoiled, and find trash strewn about the parking lot and along the trails. DH and I pick up trash as we hike, or if it’s an in-and-out trail, make a mental note of where we saw the beer bottle/soda bottle/snack bag/used condom (eww!) to pick it up on our way back. People! Is it REALLY that hard to pick up after yourselves? Sure, I can understand finding the occasional tissue along the trail… my nose runs too, and sometimes they fall out of pockets when you reach in for a new one. My sympathy doesn’t extend to bottles, cans, snack bags, flip-flops, used condoms (ewww! but hey – at least they used one), beach towels, Kentucky Fried Chicken buckets or even the flashlight that died on you. Pick up after your damn self! (That’s right… I swore!) The littering isn’t relegated to just the trails and forests, Devil’s Lake is particularly bad for trash being on the lake bed. DH and I have thought about purchasing mesh bags for the sole purpose of hauling trash we find on the lake bed while snorkeling, out to dispose of properly. Devil’s Lake isn’t the only place where trash makes its way into the water, the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean and both Atlantic and Pacific Oceans had flotsam. I’m sure the Adriatic did as well, but I didn’t see any. I think when it comes to litter, whether it’s the person doing the littering or the people who pick it up, it comes down to responsibility. The lack of responsibility on one side, and the begrudging act of having to be responsible for those who aren’t because someone has to do it. Yes, I begrudge the people who litter. I utter oaths and poxes upon them as I pick up the refuse, not just in the forest and on the trail, not just in the lake or sea, but even my own road. The first two years DH and I lived at our house, we spend picking up trash from the previous owners. We still haven’t gotten it all because so much had been buried that it is working its way to the surface every spring; the earth trying to spit out the distasteful bits it was made to swallow. The same two years found DH and myself walking the road, picking up trash. The other neighbors, we were told just last year, attempted to keep up with the yearly trashing of the road, but just couldn’	My Questions - Documents Documents Share My Questions Embed <iframe src="http://docslide.us/embed/my-questions.html" width="750" height="600" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" style="border:1px solid #CCC; border-width:1px; margin-bottom:5px; max-width: 100%;" allowfullscreen> </iframe> <div style="margin-bottom:5px"> <strong> <a href="http://docslide.us/documents/my-questions.html" title="My Questions" target="_blank">My Questions</a></div> size(px) Download My Questions Transcript Chemically pure gold contains how many carats? What is the tallest and thickest type of grass? What was the surname of the family who employed Julie Andrews' character in 'The Sound Of Music'? Which nation has won the Eurovision Song Contest more than any other? What is the most common gas in the air we breathe? Which three different actors played Batman in the movies between 1989 and 1997? What colour is Bart's skateboard in the introduction? The theme tune to which TV show starts with the line "Stick a pony in me pocket"? Which soap opera is set in the fictional county of Borsetshire? Who did Sue Barker replace as host of the BBC quiz show "A Question Of Sport"? Which "Generation Game" presenter was famous for his catchphrase "Shut That Door"? "No Mean City" by Maggie Bell is the theme tune to which long running Scottish TV detective show? Anthony, Barbara, Dave, Denise, Jim and Norma make up which famous family on British TV? Which part did Deforest Kelley play in the TV series Star Trek? True or False In space it is impossible to cry? Famous sitcom actor Kelsey Grammar provides the voice for for a character in which famous cartoon TV Series The largest ever picnic for a childs toy was held in Dublin in 1995 where 33,573 of the toys were there . What was the toy ? Which American state comes first alphabetically? In Greek legend, what is the name given to the creature that is half man and half bull? Which country has the airline KLM? The sinking of which famous German battleship was portrayed in the title of a 1960 film? What organisation is also known as "La Cosa Nostra"? What was the Titanic’s first port of call after it left Southampton? Which mountain overshadows Fort William in scotland ? What was the name of the 1995 film starring Sandra Bullock as a computer expert whose identity is erased? A penguin called Wheezy was a character in which film ? Who played Vince in the 1980s TV series "Just Good Friends"? In which 1994 film did Whoopi Goldberg provide the voice of a hyena called Shenzi? What is the only venomous snake in Britain? How many pieces are there in a standard set of dominoes? James Earl Ray was responsible for who's death in 1968? In which city in England is the National Railway Museum? In the music world, which group sacked Simon Fuller in 1997? Which Roman God is one of the symbols of St Valentine's Day? What was the challanging method of catching a fly asked of Daniel in the film "The Karate Kid"? Actor Richard Kiel is best known for playing which character in two bond films ? Which is the odd one out, Comet, Dixon, Cupid, Vixen? Which planet in the solar system is named after the Roman messenger to the Gods? What product did Coke invented in 1982? Which Japanese word, also used in the English language, means "empty orchestra"? On which date does Halloween fall? Oscar is the first name of which of the famous songwriting duo Rogers and Hammerstein? 24 Bamboo Von Trappe Ireland Nitrogen Michael Keaton, Val Kilmer and George Clooney Green Only Fools And Horses The Archers David Coleman Larry Grayson Taggart The Royle Family Dr. Leonard "Bones" McCoy True (there is no gravity, so tears cannot flow) The Simpsons Teddy Bear Alabama Minotaur The Netherlands The Bismark The Mafia Cherbourg Ben Nevis The Net Toy Story 2 Paul Nicholas "The Lion King" The Adder 28 Martin Luther King's York Manager of the Spice Girls Cupid Using chopsticks to do it Jaws (in two James Bond films) Dixon - the others are Santa's reindeer Mercury Diet Coke Karaoke October 31st Hammerstein On 11th February 1990, which fam	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,634	A polygraph is more commonly known by what name?	Polygraph - RationalWiki Polygraph Leonarde Keeler, one of the inventors of the polygraph, testing his polygraph on a subject Style over substance v - t - e A polygraph is a machine, or a test using said machine, which measures the changes in a person's body, such as pulse, breathing rate, and skin temperature. It is used as a lie detection test. It is based on the principle that when lying, one will become nervous and have an increased pulse and need for air. Contents 9 References [ edit ] Validity of a polygraph The polygraphy works by measuring some physiological responses to questions. The method involves establishing a "baseline" by measuring a subject's responses to certain undramatic and nonthreatening questions. Following this, the interview will take place and the measurements will be compared with this baseline. So from the method alone, it can be seen that the polygraph isn't so much a "lie detector" (as it is commonly portrayed) but just a system to measure someone's emotional state — the theory is that if someone lies, their emotional state will change. The method alone should suggest how people can produce false results or intentionally game the system in their favour. Sociopaths , for example, have a nervous system that responds differently: when they lie, they remain as cool as the proverbial cucumber. [1] One in twenty-five people are sociopaths. [1] However, the ubiquity of the "lie detector" means that it has been thoroughly studied, and rarely (even when used properly by trained individuals) produces favourable results. Many pieces of research show that either a polygraph is not a valid tool for use in courts, [2] or that the validity is unmeasureable. [3] In 2002 the American Academy of Sciences called the Polygraph "a danger to national security" [4] , while John T Capiocco's Handbook of Psychophysiology states that "no spy has ever been identified as a result of a polygraph test" [5] [ edit ] Ways a polygraph test can give wrong results If the simple act of taking a polygraph test makes a subject nervous then it will be difficult for the "baseline" to be established. This makes the readings during the real section of the interview almost impossible and this leads to "inconclusive" results. Although inconclusive results should be taken as just that, inconclusive, and therefore should be ignored, they may be interpreted as a sign of guilt — as supposedly honest and innocent people shouldn't be fearful of lie detector tests. However, this is wrong; the situation of taking "lie detector" tests is harrowing for many. Indeed, an honest person who is aware of the limitations of a polygraph may be even more nervous, since they may have a strong fear of false positives, leading to a self-fulfilling prophecy. If a particular question makes the subject nervous, even as they give the correct, or honest, response, the test will give a "false" reading. In fact, one televised use of the polygraph for demonstration purposes showed the strongest reaction to the interviewer saying "now I'm going to ask you an intimate and personal question", although a question of that nature was never asked, the mere thought of a harassing question sent the measurements quite wild. It is important to note that most effects that cause the polygraph to be unreliable are invariant of whether a person is innocent or guilty, lying or telling the truth, intentionally trying to produce haphazard results or not. [ edit ] Ways to "cheat" on a polygraph test There are a few ways a polygraph can be "cheated". Not all of them intentional. If the subject doesn't realize they aren't telling the truth If the subject doesn't naturally become nervous when lying (alternatively, becoming naturally nervous at everything works too: that corrupts the baseline) If the subject trains to remain calm while lying If the subject simulates the physiological signals of lying when the questioner is establishing the baseline. The last two are important as people can, and do, learn to do this knowing that they may be subject to a polygraph at some point. Before th	Index-a This Week's Puzzles So You Think You Know Soccer A soccer goal is what dimensions, yards wide and feet high: 8x7; 7x8; 8x8 or 9x8? According to FIFA World Cup rules which flag must be displayed inside each match stadium besides those of FIFA/Fair Play, and the two competing nations? Approximately how many million people play regular organized football in the world (at the early 2000s): 5; 25; 65; or 250? The word soccer derives from: Sock; Association; Kosher; or Socrates? What is not required by the rules of soccer: Goal net; Penalty spot; Specified ball pressure; or Shin guards? The 2014 World Cup Finals allocated European and African teams respectively how many places: 3 and 9; 4 and 10; 5 and 13; or 6 and 15? What city/club football rules, which spread widely in the late 1800s, introduced heading, corners, throw-ins, changing ends, and the goal crossbar: Sheffield; Paris; Milan; or Berlin? FIFA's 2014 World Cup Finals/Qualifying rules dictate a match squad of how many players: 18; 23; 26; or 30? In the 2010 World Cup Final, Jo'bulani was the: Winner's national anthem; Winning goalscorer; Ball; or Trumpet-like horn blown by fans? The minimum rest-period between two games for any team at the 2014 World Cup is how many hours: 24; 36; 48; or 72? Soccer rules award what after an 'own goal' directly from a throw-in: Goal; Penalty; Corner; or Drop-ball? The headquarters of FIFA are in Brussels; London; Zurich, or Oslo? Who has made the World Cup footballs since 1970: Adidas; Puma; Umbro; or Nike? The World Cup Qualifiying matches between El Salvador v Honduras in 1969 coincided with what mutual event: Independence; Earthquake; Drought; or War? The first ever ï¿½100,000 (or above) football transfer, in 1961, was: Bobby Moore; Pele; Dennis Law; or Eusebio? A white ball was first used in a World Cup in: 1930; 1950; 1966; or 1982? The centre circle of a soccer pitch is used only at kick-offs/re-starts, and in which other game feature? Matthias Sammer, Ronaldo, Zinedine Zidane, Rivaldo, and Luis Figo won what between 1990-2002: European Cup; World Cup; Golden Boot; or European Footballer of the Year? The first, second and third placed teams at the 2014 World Cup receive how many medals: 20; 30; 40 or 50? Soccer has been an Olympic event since: 1900; 1964; 1992; or 2002? PAGE 6	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,635	A Shar Pei is what type of animal?	Shar-Pei Types Shar-Pei Types Horsecoat Shar-Pei puppies can have a dramatic change in appearance as they mature to an adult dog. All Shar-Pei, but especially the horsecoat need early socialization with children, strangers, and other animals.They can be stubborn, strong willed and very territorial.Early training can help control these traits before they become problem behaviors.Some people may experience a sensitivity to the harshness of the coat of either length. This is a mild, short lived rash, that can develop on the skin that has been in contact with the coat, most commonly on the forearms.When adopting an adult horsecoat Shar-Pei, it is important to remember that they often lacking the cute expression and wrinkly appearance that was once so endearing as a puppy.And that they might come with a lack of socialization, training, and a history of mistreatment. But with love, patience, training classes and a tincture of time these dogs can become beloved, loyal companions. It is worth the effort, to bring a horsecoat Shar-Pei into your home, because they always give more to the family than they ask in return. Brushcoat Shar-Pei puppies, are cute, cuddly, wrinkly balls, with a love me expression. They often retain this puppyish look well into adulthood. Because of this cuteness, their owners can be reluctant to socialize and train them while they are young. What was cute as a 20-pound puppy is not so cute as a 50 pound adult. The brushcoat matures early to be a stocky strong dog, therefore earlysocialization and training are essential, in order to have a dog that is a good family member as well as a welcome member of society. The brushcoat is not always as active as the horsecoat. And are often more content than the horsecoat to laze around the house. Like their horsecoat brothers, they are strong willed, stubborn and territorial, but these are often exhibited to a lessor degree.Both coat types, brush and horse are true Shar-Pei. Both make excellent companions. Each is similar and yet has their own uniqueness. Each of the two coat types has groups of fans that prefer one type to the other.If you are looking for an easily maintained, smart, active, loyal companion, that will challenge your intelligence, and keep your funny bone tickled with their clownish antics, the horsecoat is the Shar-Pei for you.If you are looking for an easily maintained, quick to learn, less active companion, to keep you company and enjoy activities with you the, brushcoat Shar-Pei just may be the dog you are looking for.Please look at both types and educate yourself before making a Shar-Pei a member of your family.Remember a dog is a life time commitment. Bear Coat There is another length of coat that a Shar-Pei can have. When both the male and female carry the recessive gene for this coat type, it can occur. It is any coat that is longer than 1 inch at the withers. This coat length is commonly called a "Bear Coat." This coat length resembles the coat on a breed of dog called a "Chow Chow." The personality of the bear coat is very much like that of a brush coat.Bear coats make wonderful pets."This length of coat is a major fault therefore a dog with this coat can not be shown competitively in the conformation shows." They can be shown in obedience and agility. Spotted Coat Spotted puppies (as well as bear coats) do pop up in litters now and then. This is not a RARE or sought-after Shar-Pei. This color pattern is a disqualification in the AKC standard, making it a pet quality puppy. Remember, you should never pay more money for a Shar-Pei because of its color or coat type, especially when the color or coat type is an AKC disqualification (see standard at the AKC site)	Sharm Excursions in Sharm el Sheikh \| Tours, Day Trips & Excursions MENU CLOSE back Welcome to Go Sharm Tours Are you planning to spend your holiday in Sharm el Sheikh, Dahab, Nuweiba, Taba or Cairo? And wish to know which Sharm Excursions are availabe here etc.? There are a lot of things to do in Sharm el Sheikh and many Sharm Excursions including many regions of Egypt, and here at Go Sharm Tours we endeavor to offer unique and specialised Sharm Excursions. If you wish to book excursions in Sharm el Sheikh or one of the above mentioned destinations, or want to book Transfers to or from Sharm el Sheikh airport or Cairo airport and/or book hotels in Sharm el Sheikh, then look no further as Go Sharm Tours can provide all of these services direct to you by local experts without the stress. With Go Sharm Tours you will experience first hand, the country and its people along with the best Sharm Excursions. Most favorite and booked excursions in Sharm el Sheikh CAIRO BY AIR 1 DAY A Wonderful Excursion from Sharm el Sheikh to Cairo by Air to explore Cairo sightseeing such as Pyramids of Giza, Sphinx, Egyptian Museum and much more things to see! STAR GAZING, CAMEL RIDE, DINNER & SHOW Enjoy this amazing safari trip from Sharm into the desert of Sinai, we combine Stargazing and Camel Riding with Bedouin Dinner and Oriental Show RAS MOHAMMED BY BOAT – SNORKELING Experience the amazing Snorkeling tour to Ras Mohammed, snorkel at 3 different sites and enjoy the relaxing boat trip SWIMMING WITH DOLPHINS Swimming with Dolphins in Sharm el Sheikh is an unique adventure, get to swim, touch, play and dance with these intelligent creatures, don’t miss this opportunity! We recommend these Excursions for you! CAIRO BY AIR 1 DAY A Wonderful Excursion from Sharm el Sheikh to Cairo by Air to explore Cairo sightseeing such as Pyramids of Giza, Sphinx, Egyptian Museum and much more things to see LUXOR BY AIR 1 DAY Join the trip from Sharm el Sheikh to Luxor by air, explore the magnificence of Karnak Temple, Valley of the Kings, Hatshepsut Temple and much more PETRA BY BOAT 1 DAY Enjoy the Excursion from Sharm el Sheikh to Petra in Jordan, visit the Sightseeing in Canyon and walk through the fantastic landscape of Petra SUPER QUAD BIKING, CAMEL, DINNER & SHOW Fantastic 4 × 1 Safari excursion from Sharm, explore Quad Biking and Camel Riding in the desert along with a delicious Bedouin Dinner and Oriental Show Copy Right to Go Sharm Tours - All rights reserved	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,636	In which county was Laszlo Biro, the inventor of the ballpoint pen, born?	Laszlo Jozsef Biro - inventor of the modern ballpoint pen - Famous Inventor Laszlo Jozsef Biro - inventor of the modern ballpoint pen László József Bíró (September 29, 1899 – October 24, 1985) was the inventor of the modern ballpoint pen. Bíró was born in Budapest, Austria-Hungary in 1899. He presented the first production of the ball pen at the Budapest International Fair in 1931. While working as a journalist in Hungary, he noticed that the ink used in newspaper printing dried quickly, leaving the paper dry and smudge-free. He tried using the same ink in a fountain pen but found that it would not flow into the tip, as it was too viscous. Working with his brother Georg, a chemist, he developed a new tip consisting of a ball that was free to turn in a socket, and as it turned it would pick up ink from a cartridge and then roll to deposit it on the paper. Bíró patented the invention in Paris in 1938. Birome's advertising in Argentine magazine Leoplán, 1945 In 1943 the brothers moved to Argentina and on June 10 filed another patent, and formed Biro Pens of Argentina (in fact, in Argentina the ball pen is known as birome). This new design was licensed by the British, who produced ballpoint pens for Royal Air Force aircrew, who found they worked much better than fountain pens at high altitude. In 1950 Marcel Bich bought from Bíró the patent for the pen, which soon became the main product of his Bic company. László Bíró died in Buenos Aires in 1985. Argentina's Inventor's Day is celebrated on Bíró's birthday , September 29. "Biro" trade It took Biro one year to build his ballpoint pen—a ballpoint pen is thus still widely referred to as a "biro" in many English-speaking countries, including the UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. The term "biro" in colloquial British English is used generically to mean any ball point pen. Although the word is a registered trademark, it has become a genericised trademark. The company's intellectual property department keeps a close eye on the media and will often write to publications who use its trade name without a capital letter or as a generic term for ballpoint pens, in order to preserve its trademark. They have written to Private Eye (who printed the letter on their correspondence page under the heading "What a way to make a living!") concerning this on at least one occasion. References 1. ^ a b c "Golyó a tollban - megemlékezés Bíró László Józsefről" (in Hungarian). Hungarian Patent Office. http://www.mszh.hu/kiadv/ipsz/199608/biro.html. Retrieved 2008-07-22. 2. ^ Obituary at education website of Mendoza Department, Argentina 3. ^ a b Stoyles, Pennie; Peter Pentland (2006). The A to Z of Inventions and Inventors. pp. 18. ISBN 1583407901. http://books.google.com/books?id=n9FZuxigkTkC&printsec=frontcover&hl=hu#PPT21,M1. Retrieved 2008-07-22. 4. ^ Bevan, Rob; Tim Wright (2004). Unleash Your Creativity: Secrets of Creative Genius. pp. 82. ISBN 1904902170. http://books.google.com/books?id=kayBh_z-3SEC&printsec=frontcover&hl=hu#PPA82,M1. Retrieved 2008-07-22. 5. ^ Room, Adrian (1983). Dictionary of Trade Name Origins. Routledge. pp. 41. ISBN 0710201745. http://books.google.com/books?id=Qdw9AAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=hu#PPA41,M1. Retrieved 2008-07-22. External links * Brief biography of Bíró by Budapest Pocket Guide For the complete inventors list please click here	Mono Lake, a large, shallow saline soda lake in Mono County, California \| Library of Congress Mono Lake, a large, shallow saline soda lake in Mono County, California Mono Lake, a large, shallow saline soda lake in Mono County, California Contributor Names Highsmith, Carol M., 1946-, photographer Created / Published Digital photographs--Color--2010-2020. Notes - Formed at least 760,000 years ago as a terminal lake in a basin that has no outlet to the ocean which has caused high levels of salts to accumulate. The lake has an unusually productive ecosystem based on brine shrimp, and provides critical nesting habitat for migratory birds. - Title, date, and keywords provided by the photographer. - Credit line: The Jon B. Lovelace Collection of California Photographs in Carol M. Highsmith's America Project, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division. - Gift; The Capital Group Companies Charitable Foundation in memory of Jon B. Lovelace; 2012; (DLC/PP-2012:063). - Forms part of: Jon B. Lovelace Collection of California Photographs in Carol M. Highsmith's America Project in the Carol M. Highsmith Archive. Medium 1 photograph : digital, tiff file, color. Call Number/Physical Location LC-DIG-highsm- 22451 (ONLINE) [P&P] Source Collection Highsmith, Carol M., 1946- Carol M. Highsmith Archive. Repository Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print Digital Id Library of Congress Control Number 2013632908 No known restrictions on publication. Online Format Rights & Access Rights assessment is your responsibility. The Library of Congress does not own rights to material in its collections. Therefore, it does not license or charge permission fees for use of such material and cannot grant or deny permission to publish or otherwise distribute the material. Ultimately, it is the researcher's obligation to assess copyright or other use restrictions and obtain permission from third parties when necessary before publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in the Library's collections. For information about reproducing, publishing, and citing material from this collection, as well as access to the original items, see: Carol M. Highsmith - Rights and Restrictions Information For guidance about compiling full citations consult Citing Primary Sources . Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on publication. Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-highsm-22451 (original digital file) Call Number: LC-DIG-highsm- 22451 (ONLINE) [P&P] Access Advisory: --- Obtaining Copies Some images in this collection are described in groups; others are described individually. In some cases, all of the images in the group display online, in other cases they do not. You can download online images yourself. Alternatively, you can purchase copies of various types. Determine whether the desired materials can be retrieved online. Look in the Medium field above to determine whether the description is for one photograph or more than one. If the description is for a single item and it is displaying, you can download or purchase a print. Cite the number that begins with "LC-DIG..." when purchasing copies through Library of Congress Duplication Services. If the description is for more than one item and there is a "Click for more images" icon displaying, select that. Individual images will display; you can download or purchase prints. Cite the number that begins with "LC-DIG..." when purchasing copies through Library of Congress Duplication Services. If the description is for more than one item and there is no "Click for more images" icon displaying, return to the "About this Item" tab and select the "Check for online items from this group" link. Then select the "Obtaining Copies" tab for any retrieved items that are of interest. If the images do not display online -- Select images for reproduction through one of these methods: Visit the Prints & Photographs Reading Room and request to view the group (general information about service in the reading room is available at: htt	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,637	Who is currently fifth in line to the British throne?	Line of Succession \| Britroyals Contact Line of Succession The Act of Settlement (1701) laid down that only Protestant heirs of Princess Sophia, granddaughter of James I, may succeed to the British throne. Neither Roman Catholics, nor those who marry a Roman Catholic, nor those born out of wedlock, may remain in the line of succession. Under common law the crown was passed on by male primogeniture under which younger sons succeed before their elder sisters. See Line of Succession FAQs This changed on the 26 March 2015 with the introduction of the Succession to the Crown Bill 2013 which changed the succession laws so that the right of male primogeniture no longer applies. Males born after 20 October 2011 no longer precede their elder sisters in the line of succession. The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge's first child born on 22 July 2013 was a boy Prince George. Their second child Princess Charlotte was born on 2 May 2015. She is 4th in line and will not lose her position even if she has a younger brother. The Bill removed the disqualification of those who marry Roman Catholics so that George Windsor, Earl of St Andrews, who married a Catholic in 1988 was restored in 35th place after the Duke of Kent. It also repealed the Royal Marriages Act 1772 so that only the first 6 persons in line to the throne require the Sovereign's approval to marry. This means that Princess Beatrice and Princess Eugenie no longer require permission from the Queen to marry. The British monarch is head of the Protestant Church of England so the requirement remains that only Protestants can be in the line of succession. The current line of succession to the British Throne is given below. 13. Peter Phillips (b. 1977) 14. Savannah Phillips (b. 2010) 15. Isla Phillips (b. 2012) 16. Zara Tindall (Phillips) (b. 1981) 17. Mia Grace Tindall (b. 2014) 18. David Armstrong-Jones, Viscount Linley (b. 1961) 19. Hon. Charles Armstrong Jones (b. 1999) 20. Margarita Armstrong-Jones (b. 2002) 21. Lady Sarah Chatto (b. 1964) 22. Samuel Chatto (b. 1996) 23. Arthur Chatto (b. 1999) 24. HRH Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester (b. 1944) 25. Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster (b. 1974) 26. Xan Windsor, Lord Culloden (b. 2007) 27. Lady Cosima Windsor (b. 2010) 28. Lady Davina Lewis (b. 1977) 29. Senna Lewis (b. 2010) 30. Tane Mahuta Lewis (b. 2012) 31. Lady Rose Gilman (b. 1980) 32. Lyla Gilman (b. 2010) 33. Rufus Gilman (b. 2012) 34. HRH Prince Edward, Duke of Kent (b. 1935) 35. George Windsor, Earl of St. Andrews (b. 1962) Edward Windsor, Baron Downpatrick (excluded by becoming a Roman Catholic) Lady Marina Charlotte Windsor (excluded by becoming a Roman Catholic) 36. Lady Amelia Windsor (b. 1995) Lord Nicholas Windsor (excluded by becoming a Roman Catholic) Albert Windsor (excluded by being Roman Catholic) Leopold Windsor (excluded by being Roman Catholic) Louis Windsor (excluded by being Roman Catholic) 37. Lady Helen Taylor (b. 1964) 38. Columbus Taylor (b. 1994) 39. Cassius Taylor (b. 1996) 40. Eloise Taylor (b. 2003) 41. Estella Taylor (b 2004) 42. Prince Michael of Kent (b. 1942) 43. Lord Frederick Windsor (b 1979) 44. Maud Windsor (b. 2013) 45. Isabella Windsor (b. 2016) 46. Lady Gabriella Windsor (b. 1981) 47. HRH Princess Alexandra the Hon. Lady Ogilvy (b. 1936) 48. James Ogilvy (b. 1964) 49. Alexander Ogilvy (b. 1996) 50. Flora Ogilvy (b. 1994) 51. Marina Ogilvy, Mrs Paul Mowatt (b. 1966) 52. Christian Mowatt (b. 1993) 53. Miss Zenouska Mowatt (b. 1990) 54. David Lascelles, 8th Earl of Harewood (b. 1950) 55. Alexander Lascelles, Viscount Lascelles (b. 1980) 56. Hon. Edward Lascelles (b. 1982) 57. Hon. James Lasce	New £5 note replaces Elizabeth Fry with Sir Winston Churchill \| Business \| The Guardian New £5 note replaces Elizabeth Fry with Sir Winston Churchill Departing Bank of England governor chooses wartime leader to replace prison reformer on next fiver Winston Churchill will feature on the next £5 banknote. Photograph: Bank of England New £5 note replaces Elizabeth Fry with Sir Winston Churchill Departing Bank of England governor chooses wartime leader to replace prison reformer on next fiver Friday 26 April 2013 08.41 EDT First published on Friday 26 April 2013 08.41 EDT Close This article is 3 years old Sir Winston Churchill will appear on the next Bank of England banknote, joining a select list of “eminent British personalities” including Florence Nightingale and William Shakespeare. The wartime leader’s face and famous “blood, toil, tears and sweat” quote on £5 notes will be a lasting legacy for departing Bank governor Sir Mervyn King , who made the final decision on Churchill. Announcing the choice at Churchill’s former home, Chartwell, King suggested £5 notes may even become known as “Winstons”. “It seems entirely appropriate to put Sir Winston on what is probably our most popular note,” he said. “Our banknotes acknowledge the life and work of great Britons. Sir Winston Churchill was a truly great British leader, orator and writer. Above that, he remains a hero of the entire free world. His energy, courage, eloquence, wit and public service are an inspiration to us all.” Churchill’s portrait from a photograph taken in 1941 will probably appear on £5 notes from 2016 although plans have yet to be finalised, the Bank said. If it is indeed the £5 note he appears on, he will replace social reformer Elizabeth Fry and there will no longer be any female figures celebrated on the back of British banknotes. Churchill will be pictured alongside a view of Westminster with parliament’s clock showing 3 o’clock – the approximate time on 13 May 1940 when Churchill declared in a speech: “I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat.” The Bank has pictured British personalities on the back of its notes since 1970 and the previous 15 eminent figures chosen have included the composer Sir Edward Elgar, scientist Michael Faraday and writer Charles Dickens. Only two, Fry and Nightingale, have been women. Members of the public can put forward suggestions, although the Bank will only consider figures who have made an “indisputable contribution to their particular field of work”. It considers the list of public suggestions when picking a new picture but the governor of the Bank has the final decision. The current suggestions list includes Princess Diana, the Beatles, poet William Blake and naturalist Sir David Attenborough. Lady Thatcher is not on the most recently available list of public suggestions. The new Churchill banknote will be the second time he has appeared on British money, having become the first commoner to be portrayed on a British coin – the 1965 crown or five shilling piece. King added: “Winston Churchill holds a special place in the affections of our nation. His wartime leadership inspired the British people, not least through the power of his oratory. That leadership served as an example to the free world and helped to ensure the survival of those freedoms, which we continue to enjoy today.” • This article was amended on 3 June 2016. An earlier version said that Winston Churchill will be the first statesman to feature on British banknotes. The Duke of Wellington appeared on £5 notes from 1971 to 1991. JMW Turner, Jane Austen and Sir Winston Churchill are the new additions to the Bank of England’s banknotes Published: 25 Apr 2016 Editorial: Start playing party top trumps with promissory notes, and there will be no end Published: 26 Apr 2013	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,638	Which England international footballer started his footballing career at Canadian club Calgary Foothills FC?	My Questions - Documents Documents Share My Questions Embed <iframe src="http://docslide.us/embed/my-questions.html" width="750" height="600" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" style="border:1px solid #CCC; border-width:1px; margin-bottom:5px; max-width: 100%;" allowfullscreen> </iframe> <div style="margin-bottom:5px"> <strong> <a href="http://docslide.us/documents/my-questions.html" title="My Questions" target="_blank">My Questions</a></div> size(px) Download My Questions Transcript Chemically pure gold contains how many carats? What is the tallest and thickest type of grass? What was the surname of the family who employed Julie Andrews' character in 'The Sound Of Music'? Which nation has won the Eurovision Song Contest more than any other? What is the most common gas in the air we breathe? Which three different actors played Batman in the movies between 1989 and 1997? What colour is Bart's skateboard in the introduction? The theme tune to which TV show starts with the line "Stick a pony in me pocket"? Which soap opera is set in the fictional county of Borsetshire? Who did Sue Barker replace as host of the BBC quiz show "A Question Of Sport"? Which "Generation Game" presenter was famous for his catchphrase "Shut That Door"? "No Mean City" by Maggie Bell is the theme tune to which long running Scottish TV detective show? Anthony, Barbara, Dave, Denise, Jim and Norma make up which famous family on British TV? Which part did Deforest Kelley play in the TV series Star Trek? True or False In space it is impossible to cry? Famous sitcom actor Kelsey Grammar provides the voice for for a character in which famous cartoon TV Series The largest ever picnic for a childs toy was held in Dublin in 1995 where 33,573 of the toys were there . What was the toy ? Which American state comes first alphabetically? In Greek legend, what is the name given to the creature that is half man and half bull? Which country has the airline KLM? The sinking of which famous German battleship was portrayed in the title of a 1960 film? What organisation is also known as "La Cosa Nostra"? What was the Titanic’s first port of call after it left Southampton? Which mountain overshadows Fort William in scotland ? What was the name of the 1995 film starring Sandra Bullock as a computer expert whose identity is erased? A penguin called Wheezy was a character in which film ? Who played Vince in the 1980s TV series "Just Good Friends"? In which 1994 film did Whoopi Goldberg provide the voice of a hyena called Shenzi? What is the only venomous snake in Britain? How many pieces are there in a standard set of dominoes? James Earl Ray was responsible for who's death in 1968? In which city in England is the National Railway Museum? In the music world, which group sacked Simon Fuller in 1997? Which Roman God is one of the symbols of St Valentine's Day? What was the challanging method of catching a fly asked of Daniel in the film "The Karate Kid"? Actor Richard Kiel is best known for playing which character in two bond films ? Which is the odd one out, Comet, Dixon, Cupid, Vixen? Which planet in the solar system is named after the Roman messenger to the Gods? What product did Coke invented in 1982? Which Japanese word, also used in the English language, means "empty orchestra"? On which date does Halloween fall? Oscar is the first name of which of the famous songwriting duo Rogers and Hammerstein? 24 Bamboo Von Trappe Ireland Nitrogen Michael Keaton, Val Kilmer and George Clooney Green Only Fools And Horses The Archers David Coleman Larry Grayson Taggart The Royle Family Dr. Leonard "Bones" McCoy True (there is no gravity, so tears cannot flow) The Simpsons Teddy Bear Alabama Minotaur The Netherlands The Bismark The Mafia Cherbourg Ben Nevis The Net Toy Story 2 Paul Nicholas "The Lion King" The Adder 28 Martin Luther King's York Manager of the Spice Girls Cupid Using chopsticks to do it Jaws (in two James Bond films) Dixon - the others are Santa's reindeer Mercury Diet Coke Karaoke October 31st Hammerstein On 11th February 1990, which fam	England's Managers - Index England's Managers P 4 W 2 D 2 L 0 F 7: A 2 The Coaches/Managers BME Players Not until 1946 did the England national team have a manager or coach. From 1870, when England played their first match, a friendly not recognised as official, until the Second World War, the team was selected by International Select Committee functionaries, at first the F.A. Secretary and later the F.A.'s International Committee. Although most of the national teams of Continental Europe and South America had coaches from their beginnings, England's footballing establishment viewed coaching with suspicion in general and as unnecessary at this level in particular. The selected players simply showed up, took the pitch and played their own game. Match preparation, if there was time for it, was limited to training runs, conditioning exercises and perhaps a kickabout or two. The International Federation of Football History & Statistics (IFFHS), a scholarly enterprise based in Wiesbaden, Germany, claims in its book on England's matches before the Second World War that Herbert Chapman was the team "trainer"--a term it uses in the Continental European sense of manager or coach--for the 1-1 draw with Italy in Rome on 13 May 1933 and that Thomas Whittaker was the "trainer" for six matches, the 5-2 win against Scotland at Wembley Stadium on 5 April 1930, the 2-1 loss to Austria in Vienna on 6 May 1936, the 3-2 loss to Belgium in Brussels on 9 May 1936, and the last three pre-war matches in 1939, the 2-2 draw with Italy in Milan on 13 May, the 2-1 loss to Yugoslavia in Belgrade on 18 May, and the 2-0 victory over Romania in Bucharest on 24 May. IFFHS, England (1872 - 1940), Eire (1924 - 1940), England/Amateurs (1906 - 1940): Full Internationals, pp. 116, 126, 134-35, 147-49 (IFFHS, Wiesbaden, Germany, 2000). Chapman, the famed Huddersfield Town and Arsenal manager of the 1920's and 1930's, did indeed play an advisory role in England's two-match Continental European tour of 1933, which also included the 4-0 win against Switzerland in Berne on 20 May as well as the draw with Italy a week earlier, but he never received an official appointment with the England team and acted in an entirely informal capacity. Another historian has the proper perspective: "in 1933, despite objections from selectors, he acted as unofficial manager to the England team in Italy and Switzerland with considerable success. His tactical pre-match team talks helped effect a 4-0 victory over a strong Swiss team, and a 1-1 draw against Italy, in Rome." Tony Say, "Herbert Chapman: Football Revolutionary?", The Sports Historian, vol 16, pp. 81-98 (May, 1996). Whittaker, too, accompanied the England team on occasion. But at the time he was the physical trainer for Arsenal, under Chapman at first and, following Chapman's death in early 1934, George Allison. It was almost certainly that role he filled with England; he certainly never received an appointment making him coach or manager of the England team. Whittaker did not become a manager himself until 1947, when he succeeded Allison at Arsenal. The IFFHS itself seems uncertain about Whittaker's role. While its book names him as trainer in the summaries of six matches taking place in 1930, 1936 and 1939, it inconsistently has him as trainer for only the three 1939 matches in the tabular record that follows the match summaries. The role Chapman or Whittaker filled with the England team was purely on an ad hoc basis. The F.A. did not give either of them official appointments putting them in charge of the team, and neither ever had anything resembling the authority of a manager or coach over the England team. For these reasons, it would be inaccurate to include them in the list of England managers/coaches. When international play resumed in 1946 following World War II's seven-year disruption, Walter Winterbottom was named England's first coach and manager. For the first few months of his tenure, he had responsibility for the national team as national director of coaching, but in May, 1947, imme	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,639	Who wrote the books on which TVs Inspector Alleyn was based?	Inspector Alleyn Mysteries - Show News, Reviews, Recaps and Photos - TV.com Inspector Alleyn Mysteries EDIT Welcome to The Inspector Alleyn Mysteries guide at TV.com. This detective drama was based on the novels by Ngaio Marsh, a contemporary of Agatha Christie's. Her detective, Chief Inspector Roderick Alleyn, was an Old Etonian at Scotland Yard from the 1930s onwards. In the pilot, Simon Williams played Alleyn, but he wasn't available in 1993, so Patrick Malahide took over the role. After the first series the BBC ordered three more episodes, all broadcast as specials during 1994. Fresh Off the Boat Clean Slate NEW Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Decline and Fall NEW More Info About This Show Categories Themes real police work, period piece, mysterious forces, high stake situations, British TV Important: You must only upload images which you have created yourself or that you are expressly authorised or licensed to upload. By clicking "Publish", you are confirming that the image fully complies with TV.com’s Terms of Use and that you own all rights to the image or have authorization to upload it. Please read the following before uploading Do not upload anything which you do not own or are fully licensed to upload. The images should not contain any sexually explicit content, race hatred material or other offensive symbols or images. Remember: Abuse of the TV.com image system may result in you being banned from uploading images or from the entire site – so, play nice and respect the rules! Choose background:	Queen's Birthday Honours - Who is talking about Queen's Birthday Honours on FLICKR Spouse Marilyn Mayfield (1953–1964) Website www.clarkefoundation.org Sri Lankabhimanya Sir Arthur Charles Clarke, CBE, FRAS (16 December 1917 – 19 March 2008) was a British science fiction writer, science writer and futurist,[3] inventor, undersea explorer, and television series host. He is perhaps most famous for being co-writer of the screenplay for the movie 2001: A Space Odyssey, widely considered to be one of the most influential films of all time.[4][5] His other science fiction writings earned him a number of Hugo and Nebula awards, which along with a large readership made him one of the towering figures of science fiction. For many years Clarke, Robert Heinlein and Isaac Asimov were known as the "Big Three" of science fiction.[6] Clarke was a lifelong proponent of space travel. In 1934, while still a teenager, he joined the British Interplanetary Society. In 1945, he proposed a satellite communication system,[7] an idea which won him the Franklin Institute's Stuart Ballantine Medal[8] in 1963, and other honours.[9] Later he was the chairman of the British Interplanetary Society from 1946–47 and again in 1951–53.[10] Clarke was a science writer, who was both an avid populariser of space travel and a futurist of uncanny ability. On these subjects he wrote over a dozen books and many essays, which appeared in various popular magazines. In 1961 he was awarded the Kalinga Prize, an award which is given by UNESCO for popularizing science. These along with his science fiction writings eventually earned him the moniker "Prophet of the Space Age".[11] Clarke immigrated to Sri Lanka in 1956, largely to pursue his interest in scuba diving.[12] That year he discovered the underwater ruins of the ancient Koneswaram temple in Trincomalee. Clarke augmented his fame later on in the 1980s, from being the host of several television shows such as Arthur C. Clarke's Mysterious World. He lived in Sri Lanka until his death.[13] He was knighted in 1998[14][15] and was awarded Sri Lanka's highest civil honour, Sri Lankabhimanya, in 2005.[16] Contents Biography Early years Clarke was born in Minehead, Somerset, England, and grew up in nearby Bishops Lydeard. As a boy, he grew up on a farm enjoying stargazing and reading old American science fiction pulp magazines. He received his secondary education at Huish Grammar school in Taunton. In his teens, he joined the Junior Astronomical Association and contributed to Urania, the society's journal, which was edited in Glasgow by Marion Eadie. At Clarke's request, she added an Astronautics Section, which featured a series of articles by him on spacecraft and space travel. Clarke also contributed pieces to the Debates and Discussions Corner, a counterblast to a Urania article offering the case against space travel, and also his recollections of the Walt Disney film Fantasia. He moved to London in 1936 and joined the Board of Education as a pensions auditor.[17] World War II During World War II from 1941 to 1946 he served in the Royal Air Force as a radar specialist and was involved in the early-warning radar defence system, which contributed to the RAF's success during the Battle of Britain. Clarke spent most of his wartime service working on ground-controlled approach (GCA) radar, as documented in the semi-autobiographical Glide Path, his only non-science-fiction novel. Although GCA did not see much practical use during the war, it proved vital to the Berlin Airlift of 1948–1949 after several years of development. Clarke initially served in the ranks, and was a corporal instructor on radar at No. 2 Radio School, RAF Yatesbury in Wiltshire. He was commissioned as a pilot officer (technical branch) on 27 May 1943.[18] He was promoted flying officer on 27 November 1943.[19] He was appointed chief training instructor at RAF Honiley in Warwickshire and was demobilised with the rank of flight lieutenant. Postwar After the war he attained a first-class degree in mathematics and physics from King's College London.[20] Af	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,640	How many square yards in a UK acre?	Convert square yards to acres, acres to square yards - Area Conversions Area Conversions Advertisement Convert square yards to acres, acres to square yards - Area Conversions Online calculators to convert square yards to acres (yd2 to ac) and acres to square yards (ac to yd2) with formulas, examples, and tables. Our conversions provide a quick and easy way to convert between Area units. Conversion Calculators Enter your value in one of the conversion calculators below: Convert yd2 to acres « More Area Conversions How to convert yd2 to acres : Use the conversion calculator titled "Convert yd2 to acres". Enter a value in the yd2 field and click on the "Calculate acres" button. Your answer will appear in the acres field. How to convert acres to yd2 : Use the conversion calculator titled "Convert acres to yd2". Enter a value in the acres field and click on the "Calculate square yards" button. Your answer will appear in the yd2 field. Conversion Definitions The following is a list of definitions relating to conversions between square yards and acres. What is a square yard (yd2)? A square yard is a unit of area in both US Customary Units as well as the Imperial System. The symbol for square yard is yd2 or sq yd. There are 4,840 square yards in an acre. A square yard is calculated as the area of a square that has 1 yard on each side. What is an acre (ac)? An acre is a unit of area in both US Customary Units as well as the Imperial System. The symbol for acre is ac. There are 0.00020661 acres in a square yard. Conversion Formulas Let's take a closer look at the conversion formulas so that you can do these conversions yourself with a calculator or with an old-fashioned pencil and paper. The formula to convert from ft2 to acres is: acres = ft2 ÷ 4,840 The formula to convert from acres to ft2 is: ft2 = acres x 4,840 Conversion Examples Next, let's look at some examples showing the work and calculations that are involved in converting from square feet to acres (ft2 to ac) or converting from acres to square feet (ac to ft2). Square Feet to Acres Conversion Example Task: Convert 50,000 square feet to acres (show work) Formula: ft2 ÷ 4,840 = acres Calculations: 50,000 ft2 ÷ 4,840 = 10.33057851 acres Result: 50,000 ft2 is equal to 10.33057851 acres Acres to Square Feet Conversion Example Task: Convert 20 acres to square feet (show work) Formula: acres x 4,840 = ft2 Calculations: 20 acres x 4,840 = 96,800 ft2 Result: 20 acres is equal to 96,800 ft2 Conversion Tables For quick reference purposes, below are conversion tables that you can use to convert from ft2 to acres, and acres to ft2. Square Feet to Acres Conversion Chart square feet (ft2)	1. If Mercury is 1, and Venus is 2, what is 6? - Jade Wright - Liverpool Echo 1. If Mercury is 1, and Venus is 2, what is 6? 2. If William Hartnell is 1, and Patrick Troughton is 2, who is 4? Share Get daily updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email 2. If William Hartnell is 1, and Patrick Troughton is 2, who is 4? 3. If Alpha is 1, and Beta is 2, what is 6? 4. If Tony Blackburn won in 2002, Phil Tuffnell won in 2003, and Kerry Katona won in 2004, who won in 2007? 5. If David Lloyd George is 1, Andrew Bonal Law is 2, and Stanley Baldwin is 3, who is 4? 6. If Liverpool won in 2006, and Chelsea won in 2007, who won in 2008? 7. How many pints does a 10- gallon hat hold? 8. Who was murdered by Fitzurse, de Tracy, de Morville and Le Breton? 9. Who presents Location, Location, Location with Phil Spencer? 10. From what ancient activity does the word ‘crestfallen’ come? 11. What non-mechanical sport achieves the highest speeds? 12. What major city is on an island in the St Lawrence river? 13. Who succeeded Alf Ramsey to become caretaker manger for the English national football team in 1974? 14. What did Britain’s roads first acquire in 1914? 15. Which former Liverpool player held the record for the fastest hat-trick, scoring 3 goals in less than 5 minutes? 16. Myleen Klass (pictured) now presents 10 Years Younger on Channel 4, but what was the name of the pop band that gave her success in 2001? 17. Who was the presenter of Out Of Town in the 1960s who went on to appear on the children’s TV programme How? 18. Whose autobiography is called Dear Fatty? 19. Who were Tom and Barbara’s neighbours in The Good Life? 20. In Cockney rhyming slang what are your ‘Daisy Roots’? 21. What is the surname of the twin brothers who compiled the Guinness Book of Records together between 1955 and 1975? 22. Which actor played Columbo? 23. Does the Bactrian camel have one hump, or two? 24. Where is the world's largest four-faced chiming clock? 25. Concerned about the impact of uncontrolled development and industrialisation, what National Charity was founded in 1895 by three Victorian philanthropists, Miss Octavia Hill, Sir Robert Hunter and Canon Hardwicke Rawnsley? 26. What famous make of motorcycle was Lawrence of Arabia riding when he was tragically killed in Dorset in 1936? 27. What colour of flag should a ship fly to show it is in quarantine? 28. Purple Brittlegill, Velvet Shank and Orange Milkcap are three types of what? 29. What is the name of the flats where the Trotters lived in Only Fools And Horses? 30. In computing, what does the abbreviation USB stand for? ANSWERS: 1. Saturn; 2. Tom Baker (Doctor Who actors); 3. Zeta; 4. Christopher Biggins. (I’m a Celebrity, Get Me Out of Here. Joe Pasquale 04, Carol Thatcher 05, Matt Willis 06, and Joe Swash 08); 5. Ramsay MacDonald (Prime Ministers post WW1); 6. Portsmouth (FA Cup); 7. 6; 8. Thomas Becket; 9. Kirstie Allsopp; 10. Cockfighting; 11. Sky-diving; 12. Montreal; 13. Joe Mercer; 14. White Lines; 15. Robbie Fowler; 16. Hearsay; 17. Jack Hargreaves; 18. Dawn French; 19. Margo and Jerry Leadbetter; 20. Boots; 21. McWhirter (Ross and Norris); 22. Peter Falk; 23. Two; 24. The Clock Tower on the Palace of Westminster in London (Big Ben is the nickname for the bell); 25. The National Trust; 26. Brough Superior; 27. Yellow; 28. Fungi; 29. Nelson Mandela House; 30. Universal Serial Bus Like us on Facebook	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,641	What was the name of the pub in Only Fools and Horses?	Only Fools and Locations 2 You are in: Home > Only Fools and Locations 2 Only Fools and Locations 2 This is part 2 of the guide from mega fools fan Rick Clark. Rick told us about his keen eye for locating Only Fools and Horses outside locations. Rick continues his tour of these great locations that you can still view today. “My October 2008 visit to Salisbury to photograph the locations from ‘A royal flush’ was a bit disappointing. Although I tracked down the Gentleman’s Outfitters shop on New Canal (the ‘arch’ style doorway was a dead giveaway!), I was unable to get anywhere near, and I mean anywhere near, Clarendon House (Lady Victoria & co’s house), as the whole estate is closed to the public. No luck with the market alleyway where Rodney first chats up Vicky either”. “In November 2008, my wife and I visited a friend who had just got a job teaching in Brighton, so when we were down there I left the girls to have a natter and disappeared for half an hour to snap the allotments and waste recycling site from ‘Mother Natures son’. The Pub used as the Nags Head in that episode had been demolished a few years earlier. However, on our way home we stopped off at Swain’s Farm Shop (Miles’s Organic Food Centre) in nearby Henfield”. “In April 2009, as luck would have it, I was off to Amsterdam for a mate’s stag weekend. He’s a big OFAH fan too, and I’d done a bit of research beforehand so I knew exactly where Van Kleefe’s place was to be found (Lauriergracht 4, to be precise). We also took in the streets around the Groenburgwal area where most of the chase scenes were filmed”. “On a baking hot day in the summer of 2009, I took a train from Bristol to Hull to get as many pics as I could from ‘To Hull and Back’. The roads around John Street and the Railway station were easy, however St Andrews Dock was a nightmare as most of the roads are blocked off to the general public and a lot of the old dock is being redevleoped anyway”. “The main places I’ve yet to visit are, Ipswich (Frogs Legacy), Miami (Miami Twice), and Monte Carlo (If they could see us now)”. “A couple of things I would add though before I go…firstly most people who write articles on OFAH say that Whitemead House is on “Duckmore Road”, Bristol. Its actually spelt “Duckmoor Road”!!! Plus, everyine seems to think the original pub in OFAH was a watering hole called The Alma in Chapel Market. However, thanks to fellow Flickerite ‘Roll the Dice’ who confirms that the orginal pub was actually The Three Johns (now called The Hobgoblin) in White Lion Street, Islington…as can be seen here:” “Anyway, thanks again for your interest mate” “Well thank you kind sir” as Victoria would say to Rodney I’m sure we’ve enjoyed Rich’s expertise and look forward to some further articles and details on his superb collection soon Other Pukka Posts:	Writers in London in the 1890s: The Ten Best Restaurants in London A blog dedicated to the research tangents of one writer, while writing about writers in London in the 1890s. Find fun and curious tidbits about Oscar Wilde, Bram Stoker, and many others! Sunday, September 15, 2013 The Ten Best Restaurants in London While feeling extremely distractible and editing a scene in which my characters are out for an evening in London, I came across this wonderful blog . It quotes at length from one of my favorite recent books on Constance Wilde on the subject of Dorothy Restaurant, which was a haven for the "New Woman" in 1890s London. This got me thinking of restaurant culture in 1890s London. I'm also in the middle of writing/editing a passage in which my characters are out for a night on the town in 1890. With this helpful guide, the internet and my knowledge of the time and place, I present my favourite restaurants in 1890s London. 10. Benekey's Meeting a friend to discuss some ideas? Look how private the booths are in Benekey's. Public houses or pubs were not usually recommended for their food or drink, but Benekey's served one of the finest glasses of wine in London. Karl Baedeker, the author of London and Its Environs: Handbook for Travellers , recommends it, if for that reason alone. Otherwise, there seems to be no trace of the place. Probably because it wasn't a place to be seen, but rather to hide away with a friend and talk, talk, talk... that is what good wine is for, isn't it? Benekey's isn't around anymore, but its booths are still there and its address currently houses to a new pub, called the Cittie of Yorke. Of the current establishment, one reviewer wrote : The copper sign swinging over pedestrians on High Holborn speaks of ‘beer brewed at Yorkshire’s oldest brewery’; the sign just out from a mock-Tudor façade above reads ‘established on the site of a public house in 1430’. So far, so faux, but the interior is authentically dingy, wobbly and warren-like, the kind of place in which to film a period drama. The main room is lined with conspiratorial dark wood alcoves, with old barrels over the long bar and framed portraits from Vanity Fair c.1870. Though I don't think that review was intentionally positive, it makes me really want to go there! According to Baedeker: "In the season" during the 1890s, it was "sometimes necessary to engage a table beforehand," but that went for most of these places! 9. Claridge's This place went through a lot of changes in the 1890s, but that was due to the ambition of its owners and its popularity and success. It was purchased by the Savoy Group in 1894, had some of the same management as the Savoy Hotel . In the 1890s, one might enjoy an orchestra, during afternoon tea in the central court from 4-6pm and from 7-9:30 in the restaurant. Like the Savoy Hotel, it had open terraces with a view of the river. As a hotel, it has 203 rooms and suites and went on from the 1890s to have an exciting, especially in WWII when it became the birthplace of Yugoslavian Crown Prince Alexander (1945). Unlike Benekey's, this is where one might bring their fiance's parents because it was more of an event to go there. The entertainment meant you didn't have to spend the whole time talking to the people you were with and the service/food was first class. It also would have made a really good impression. 8. The Criterion Restaurant in Piccadilly Circus The Criterion Theatre is an underground theatre in Piccadilly Circus that seats 600 people - not underground as in secret, but actually physically underground. The facade on the street is just the restaurant and box office. Dining in the Criterion would have been an incredible experience. I imagine it full of rollicking affluent young Londoners. Baedeker talks about the paintings he saw there by "eminent artists," the mosaic on the ceiling in the Marble Hall, it had a number of rooms, including and "American restaurant," a lager-beer sloon and a smoking room. (I imagined people smoking everywhere.) Going down the stairs to the theatre would have also been an	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,642	Which American cartoonist was responsible for the popular 1934 comic strip Flash Gordon ?	Super-Hero Films: Flash Gordon Flash Gordon Greatest Super-Hero Films: Flash Gordon (chronological by time period and film title) Flash Gordon - was a super-hero derived from the science-fiction adventure comic strip by Alex Raymond, first published as a King Features syndicated Sunday comic strip on January 7, 1934. Cartoonist Austin Briggs began a daily Flash Gordon strip beginning on May 27, 1940. Raymond's authoring of the Sunday comic strip lasted until April 30, 1944, although the strip (both daily and Sunday) continued to exist with new stories until March 16, 2003. First Flash Gordon Comic Strip January 7, 1934, Sunday comic strip Earth Bombarded by Meteors Another Example of Flash Gordon Sunday Strip February 25, 1934 Reprints of the Austin Briggs Comic Strip Dailies Flash Gordon Dailies Flash Gordon Dailies (1940-42) Many iterations of the character were developed (to compete with Buck Rogers) in the adventurous, sci-fiction/fantasy Flash Gordon serials of the late 1930s (with Buster Crabbe as Flash Gordon and Jean Rogers as blonde Dale Arden). Flash fought daring intergalactic battles to save mankind. The action-oriented episodes were filled with fantastic spaceships, androids, death rays, futuristic scenes and cities, monsters, exotic enemies and other imaginative creations. Title Screen Poster Flash Gordon (1936) - Theatrical Serial A 13-installment serial from Universal, the first Flash Gordon screen adventure, and the first pure science-fiction serial. The original and the best of its type, with Buster Crabbe as adventurer Flash Gordon, Jean Rogers as girlfriend Dale Arden, Frank Shannon as scientist Dr. Zarkov, and Charles Middleton as Planet Mongo tyrant Ming the Merciless. Later retitled for its home video release in the mid-1950s as Flash Gordon's Space Soldiers, to differentiate it from the same-titled TV series. It was condensed from the 245-minute serial into two feature films (cutting out the repetitive opening titles, duplicate footage, etc.), both released in 1966: Rocket Ship (1966), 66 minutes, released theatrically, and Spaceship to the Unknown (1966) (aka Atomic Rocketship), 97 minutes, released to TV and non-theatrical rental markets: Theatrical release - 1966 TV feature film - 1966 Flash Gordon's Trip to Mars (1938) - Theatrical Serial A 15-episode serial from Universal, the sequel to the 1936 serial, with Jean Rogers as a brunette. It was the final appearance of Jean Rogers as Dale Arden. Later retitled for TV viewing in the mid-1950s as Space Soldiers' Trip to Mars, to differentiate it from the same-titled TV series. There were two edited or condensed versions of the 15-part 1938 Universal serial, both released in 1966: the 99 minute The Deadly Ray From Mars (1966) released to TV in a syndication package, without the cliffhangers, the repetitive openings, etc. Another version that condensed the 15 parts of the 1938 serial into a 68 minute theatrically-released film was Mars Attacks the World (1966). TV feature film - 1966 Theatrical release - 1966 Flash Gordon Conquers the Universe (1940) - Theatrical Serial A 12-part serial from Universal, the third of three serials in the late 1930s, and the last of the trilogy of serials. With Carol Hughes as Dale Arden. Later retitled for TV viewing in the mid-1950s as Space Soldiers Conquer the Universe, to differentiate it from the same-titled TV series. The multi-part serial from 1940 was edited into two halves, for two feature films shown on TV: the 88-minute The Purple Death from Outer Space (1966) (the feature-length edited version of Chapters 1-6), and the 85-minute The Peril from Planet Mongo (1966	"Masterminds" - Evening Gazette (Middlesbrough, England), December 27, 2014 \| Online Research Library: Questia Read preview Article excerpt 1. Which actor starred as detective Magnum PI? 2. Which town in Cornwall has become famous for the number of artists who are based there because of its light? 3. Which Manx rider won five stages in the 2010 tour de France? 4. Which comedian created the characters Stavros, Tory Boy and Loadsamoney? 5. Which famous TV chef played football for Glasgow Rangers FC? 6. In the Thunderbirds TV series, which son piloted Thunderbird Two and dressed in yellow? 7. In the TV series Diagnoses Murder, who plays Dr Mark Sloan? 8. Where is the Royal Regatta held each year on the River Thames? 9. Who was the captain of the 2010 European Ryder cup team? 10. Who won 18 this year's Strictly Come Dancing final? 11. What was the name of her partner? 12. What is the capital city of Spain? 13. What is a Samoyed? 14. How many inches make a yard? 15. Which tree grows the tallest? 16. Where is Angel Falls? 17. What was once known as a love apple? 23 18. What is Cher's real name? 19. What was the name of Lou Reed's band? 20. Who invented the lightning conductor? 21. Where in England according to Bram Stoker did Dracula first set ashore? 22. Which TV detective had a secretary called Miss Lemon? 23. In which film does British rock star David Bowie star as a goblin king? 24. How was entertainer Nicolai Poliakoff better known? 25. True or False: the Kingdom of Bahrain is an island nation? … Subscribe to Questia and enjoy: Full access to this article and over 10 million more from academic journals, magazines, and newspapers Over 83,000 books Access to powerful writing and research tools Article details Newspapers Encyclopedia	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,643	Who wrote 'The Birds' in 1952, a short story on which Hitchcock based his film?	‘The Birds’ Turns 50: Alfred Hitchcock Drew Fear From Real-Life Flock ‘The Birds’ Turns 50: Alfred Hitchcock Drew Fear From Real-Life Flock meriah Alfred Hitchcock's 'The Birds,' starring Tippi Hedren, is based on a real event More Three a.m., Aug. 18, 1961. Monterey Bay, California. Residents of the picturesque area are jarred from their slumber as thousands of sea birds begin swooping in and slamming into homes. Sound vaguely familiar? The odd occurrence was not only covered in the local paper the next day but also noted by a nearby homeowner -- none other than famed suspense auteur Alfred Hitchcock. Thursday marks the 50th anniversary of the release of Hitchcock's classic "The Birds" -- inspired by those droves of birds that flew to their own demise in the middle of that summer night in 1961. [Related: Hitchcock haterade is held back as ‘The Birds’ stars celebrate 50 years ] Starring Tippi Hedren, "The Birds" comes across as more campy than scary a half-century later, with its fake-looking (by today's standards) killer flying flocks. Now 83 years old, Hedren recently revealed that the movie's mock birds failed during film production. "That was the first time anybody had seen Alfred in a situation where he didn't know what to do," Hedren said in an interview set to air Thursday night during the film's screening on Encore Suspense at 8 p.m. ET/PT (see the video below). Only On Yahoo! Movies -- Tippi Hedren Discusses Birds On Set: But when "The Birds" first flew into theaters, moviegoers were on the edge of their seats. It was a hit, earning $11.4 million -- just beating the box-office returns on Hitchcock's prior horror classic, "Psycho." 1961 photo of an official examining dead sea birds in Monterey Bay More Hitchcock based the script for "The Birds" on a 1952 short story of the same name by Daphne du Maurier (who also provided the story for Hitch's "Rebecca"). But the director had a home in Scotts Valley, just a few miles from where the real-life 1961 bird invasion took place, and is said to have been first inspired by the actual event before turning to du Maurier's fiction. "Hollywood mystery producer Alfred Hitchcock phoned The Sentinel Saturday to let us know he is using last Friday's edition as research material for his latest thriller," wrote the Santa Cruz Sentinel on Aug. 21, 1961 . For years, marine biologists were stumped as to the reason why so many birds dive-bombed from the sky that night. But now scientists seem pretty confident of the cause: poison. In 1991 marine scientist David Garrison decided to investigate the event and concluded that the birds had eaten anchovies and squid that had consumed toxic algae containing a naturally occurring poison called domoic acid. Experts say the neurotoxin poisons the brain, causing confusion, disorientation, scratching, seizures, coma, and even death. And yeah, other similar, strange bird occurrences have been linked to the ocean-dwelling gunk. Sadly, a handful of human deaths have also been linked to the very neurotoxin that is thought to have scrambled the brains of those birds on that fateful night in 1961. Only On Yahoo! Movies -- Tippi Hedren On 'The Birds' As Her First Film: Follow me on Twitter ( @meriahonfiah ) Reblog	Ernest Hemingway - Biographical Ernest Hemingway The Nobel Prize in Literature 1954 Ernest Hemingway Share this: Ernest Hemingway - Biographical Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961), born in Oak Park, Illinois, started his career as a writer in a newspaper office in Kansas City at the age of seventeen. After the United States entered the First World War, he joined a volunteer ambulance unit in the Italian army. Serving at the front, he was wounded, was decorated by the Italian Government, and spent considerable time in hospitals. After his return to the United States, he became a reporter for Canadian and American newspapers and was soon sent back to Europe to cover such events as the Greek Revolution. During the twenties, Hemingway became a member of the group of expatriate Americans in Paris, which he described in his first important work, The Sun Also Rises (1926). Equally successful was A Farewell to Arms (1929), the study of an American ambulance officer's disillusionment in the war and his role as a deserter. Hemingway used his experiences as a reporter during the civil war in Spain as the background for his most ambitious novel, For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940). Among his later works, the most outstanding is the short novel, The Old Man and the Sea (1952), the story of an old fisherman's journey, his long and lonely struggle with a fish and the sea, and his victory in defeat. Hemingway - himself a great sportsman - liked to portray soldiers, hunters, bullfighters - tough, at times primitive people whose courage and honesty are set against the brutal ways of modern society, and who in this confrontation lose hope and faith. His straightforward prose, his spare dialogue, and his predilection for understatement are particularly effective in his short stories, some of which are collected in Men Without Women (1927) and The Fifth Column and the First Forty-Nine Stories (1938). Hemingway died in Idaho in 1961. From Nobel Lectures , Literature 1901-1967, Editor Horst Frenz, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1969 This autobiography/biography was written at the time of the award and first published in the book series Les Prix Nobel . It was later edited and republished in Nobel Lectures . To cite this document, always state the source as shown above. Selected Bibliography Baker, Carlos. Hemingway: The Writer as Artist. Fourth edition, Princeton University Press: Princeton, NJ, 1972. Bruccoli, Matthew J. (Ed.). Ernest Hemingway's apprenticeship: Oak Park, 1916-1917. NCR Microcard Editions: Washington, D.C., 1971. Bruccoli, Matthew J., and Robert W. Trogdon (Eds.). The Only Thing That Counts: The Ernest Hemingway-Maxwell Perkins Correspondence 1925-1947. Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1996. Clifford, Stephen P. Beyond the Heroic "I": Reading Lawrence, Hemingway, and "masculinity". Bucknell Univ. Press: Cranbury, NJ, 1999. Hemingway, Ernest. By-Line: Ernest Hemingway. Selected articles and dispatches of four decades. Edited by William White, with commentaries by Philip Young. Collins: London, 1968. - Complete poems. Edited with an introduction and notes by Nicholas Gerogiannis. Rev. ed., University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln, 1992. - The Complete Short Stories. The Finca Vigía ed. Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1998. - Death in the Afternoon. Jonathan Cape: London, 1932. - Ernest Hemingway: Selected Letters, 1917-1961. Ed. Carlos Baker. Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1981. - A Farewell to Arms. Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1929. - Fiesta. Jonathan Cape: London, 1927. - For Whom the Bell Tolls. Charles Scribner's Sons: New York 1940. - The Garden of Eden. Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1986. - Green Hills of Africa. Charles Scribner's Sons: New York 1935. - In Our Time. Boni and Liveright: New York, 1925. - Islands in the Stream. Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1970. - A Moveabl	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,644	Who is best known for discovering the Earth's magnetosphere?	Magnetosphere http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetosphere The magnetic field in the tail points towards the Earth in the northern half and away in the southern half, this geometry being supported by a cross-tail current (neutral sheet). The magnetopause is formed at a distance where the solar wind dynamic pressure equals the magnetic pressure of Earth's field. At this location, typically around 8 - 11 RE away on the Earth-Sun line, a large scale duskward current develops in the dayside magnetopause to cancel the Earth's field outside. At the same time, the dipole field inside is increased, being now about two times the nominal dipole value. Similar current flows around the magnetotail, but there the direction has to be reversed in order to cancel the field outside. This current is closed via the cross-tail current. The thickness of the current layer is typically from several hundred to a thousand kilometers. The magnetosphere presented above is of closed type. Even if simple, it can describe some dynamic events relating to Sun-Earth connection. However, when the effects of interplanetary magnetic field are taken into account, the magnetic reconnection complicates the physics of the magnetopause considerably by "opening" up the magnetosphere. Convective Verses Co- Rotating Plasma Flow The sketchs left and below illustrate the flow of charged particles in the equatorial plane of the magnetosphere. The interaction of the solar wind with the magnetosphere (through reconnection and viscous processes) results in a bulk flow of plasma down the magnetotail. This flow is referred to as "convection," although this term is really a misnomer because convection is a thermal process and the flow of plasma is not, being governed instead by large-scale electric and magnetic fields. In the plasma sheet, the direction of the convective flow is sunward, perpendicular both to the direction of the Earth's magnetic field (out of the screen) and to the direction (dawn-to-dusk) of the electric field imposed on the magnetosphere by the solar wind interaction. (The motion of the plasma perpendicular to both the electric and magnetic fields is known as "E-cross-B drift.") As coupling between the solar wind and the magnetosphere intensifies, sunward convection increases, and the boundary separating the convective and co-rotational flow regimes (known as the "separatrix") moves inward, freeing some of the plasma previously bound on "closed" Earth-encircling trajectories to follow "open" convective paths toward the dayside magnetopause. Weakening of convection enlarges the region of near-Earth plasma that co-rotates with the Earth and allows the magnetic field lines emptied of plasma during periods of high convection to refill. The magnetotail is formed by tail lobes (on open polar cap) and the plasma sheet (closed nightside auroral field lines). In the inner magnetosphere we have plasmasphere mapping to mid- and low-latitudes. Overlapping both plasmasphere and inner plasma sheet are radiation belts and ring current. Coupling The Sun/solar wind, magnetosphere, ionosphere, and upper atmosphere (thermosphere) are variously coupled to each other. The coupling between the solar wind and the magnetosphere is via a magnetic reconnection process between the IMF component and the geomagnetic field. It creates the large scale magnetospheric convection electric field responsible for geomagnetic activity. Ionosphere and magnetosphere are closely linked together via magnetic field lines. Magnetospheric electric fields map down to the ionosphere, creating plasma convection, frictional heating and plasma instabilities. Auroral particle precipitation ionizes the high latitude atmosphere during nighttime, and heat can be conducted from the magnetosphere down to the ionosphere. Collisions between the convecting ionospheric plasma and the neutral atmosphere leads to generation of neutral winds and Joule heating of the neutral gas. Furthermore, the role of the newly discovered high-altitude atmospheric flashes in the ionospheric physics is still unknown. The two main	Nordics Who Have Distinguished Themselves in the Scientific Community \| Nordic Space Nordics Who Have Distinguished Themselves in the Scientific Community 17.08.2014 E-mail LinkedIn Facebook Twitter From the beginning of time, various people in various ways around the world have distigushed themselves regading the scientific evolution. Many of the fundamental laws of today originate from great philosophers in the late Middle Ages and throughout the very productive period in the beginning of the 20th century, with Albert Einstein, Max Planck, Ervin Scrødinger, Wiliam Heisenberg and Niels Bohr. Today, much of the physics and experiments on our planet Earth, such as the experiments that are carried out at CERN and in space, are conducted to find proof of the fundamental laws formulated by scientists and philosophers and great thinkers of the past. The Nordic countries are no exception, and from the Middle Ages several scientists distinguished themselves in this development. Denmark and Sweden were at one point, from the Middle Ages, regarded as European Great Powers, and were considered hugely vital in the scientific communityy. Norway, at that time, was a part of Denmark, (The Dark Middle Ages), but between 1814 and 1905 a part of Sweden. Finland was in different periods parts of both Sweden and Russia. This has greatly affected the scientific development in the Nordic countries. Name as Tycho Brahe, Ole Rømer, Anders Celcius, Hans Christian Ørsted, Niels Henrik Abel, Anders Ångstrøm, Svante Arrhenius, Vilhelm Bjerknes, Kristian Birkeland, Niels Bohr and Hugo Alfven will for all future be bundled to large scientific steps forward. In this article, we will introduce some of their scientific history as well as the stories behind the most famous scientists of the Nordic countires. That is only an introduction. Will you learn more, follow the links and a very large amount of more information will be accessible. The information compiled and edited in this article is provided by Baard Kringen at NordicSpace from information and documentation in different sources, mainly the Wikipedia. All pictures: Wikipedia. The Basis For the Laws of Planetary Motion Johannes Kepler is famous for formulating the three fundamental laws of planetary motion, describing elliptical motion of planets around the sun, developing the early telescopes and inventing the convex eyepiece etc. Lesser known is the fact that Johannes Kepler was assistant for the Danish Tycho Brahe from 1600 to Tycho’s death one year later. Johannes Kepler published his first two laws about planetary motion in 1609, after having found them by analyzing the astronomical observations of Tycho Brahe; Kepler’s third law was published in 1619. Much of Keepler’s work was based on Tyco Bradhe’s accurate investigations. Tycho Brahe (14 December 1546 – 24 October 1601) was a Danish nobleman known for his accurate and comprehensive astronomical and planetary observations. He was born in Scania, then a part of Denmark, now a part of Sweden. Tycho Brahe As an astronomer, Tycho worked to combine what he saw as the geometrical benefits of the Copernican system with the philosophical benefits of the Ptolemaic system into his own model of the universe, the Tychonic system. Furthermore, he was the last of the major naked eye astronomers, working without telescopes for his observations. Tycho Brahe was granted an estate on the island of Hven and the funding to build the Uraniborg, an early research institute, where he built large astronomical instruments and took many careful measurements, and later Stjerneborg, when he discovered that his instruments in the former were not sufficiently steady. On the island, he also founded manufactories such as papermaking to provide material for printing his results. After disagreements with the new Danish King Christian IV in 1597, he was invited to Prague, where he became the official imperial astronomer. He built the new observatory at Benátky nad Jizerou. There, from 1600 until his death in 1601, he was assisted by Johannes Kepler, who later used Tycho’s	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,645	What is the currency of Indonesia?	IDR - Indonesian Rupiah rates, news, and tools IDR - Indonesian Rupiah Indonesia, Rupiah The Indonesian Rupiah is the currency of Indonesia. Our currency rankings show that the most popular Indonesia Rupiah exchange rate is the IDR to AUD rate . The currency code for Rupiahs is IDR, and the currency symbol is Rp. Below, you'll find Indonesian Rupiah rates and a currency converter. You can also subscribe to our currency newsletters with daily rates and analysis, read the XE Currency Blog , or take IDR rates on the go with our XE Currency Apps and website.	Indonesia is dissected by the: Equator; Tropic of Cancer; Tropic of Capricorn; or None of these? View the step-by-step solution to: Indonesia is dissected by the: Equator; Tropic of Cancer; Tropic of Capricorn; or None of these? This question was answered on May 31, 2016. View the Answer Indonesia is dissected by the: Equator; Tropic of Cancer; Tropic of Capricorn; or None of these? monagibson posted a question · May 31, 2016 at 5:13am Top Answer Attached is a detailed explanation... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29838075) ]} rampsaud answered the question · May 31, 2016 at 5:13am Other Answers The answer to this question... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29838080) ]} Here is the explanation for... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29838090) ]} View Full Answer or ask a new question Related Questions What was the community that Pythagoras started? How was it similar to modern-day cult? Recently Asked Questions Need an Ancient History tutor? rahulbansal 26 Ancient History experts found online! Average reply time is 1 min Get Homework Help Why Join Course Hero? Course Hero has all the homework and study help you need to succeed! We’ve got course-specific notes, study guides, and practice tests along with expert tutors and customizable flashcards—available anywhere, anytime. - - Study Documents Find the best study resources around, tagged to your specific courses. Share your own to gain free Course Hero access or to earn money with our Marketplace. - Question & Answers Get one-on-one homework help from our expert tutors—available online 24/7. Ask your own questions or browse existing Q&A threads. Satisfaction guaranteed! - Flashcards Browse existing sets or create your own using our digital flashcard system. A simple yet effective studying tool to help you earn the grade that you want!	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,646	In which English county are the National Space Centre and the Foxton canal locks?	There's lots to see and do in Leicester and Leicestershire Things to see and do in Leicester and Leicestershire Leicester and Leicestershire is a destination packed with things to see and do ... whatever the weather. Leicestershire cannot fail to inspire you. From great family attractions to top class restaurants, there's plenty to discover. You might prefer to visit a museum or gallery, or hire a boat on the Grand Union Canal or travel back in time on a steam train at the Great Central Railway . You could enjoy a local festival, or explore a Leicestershire stately home. Experience contemporary, inspirational shopping in Leicester or browse the markets in our market towns , and once you're all shopped out, why not relax in a stylish city bar or restaurant. Alternatively, take life at a more leisurely pace and relax with friends over a pub lunch, or jump on a bike and explore the countryside.	1 Who is the UK secretary of state for children, schools and families? - Liverpool Echo 1 Who is the UK secretary of state for children, schools and families? 2. Whose picture features on the back of a £10 note? Share Get daily updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email 2. Whose picture features on the back of a £10 note? 3 What is the name of the saxophonist in Liverpool band The Zutons? 4. Which singer's current album is called These Streets? 5 Who is the Archbishop of Canterbury? 6 Which Liverpool-raised comedian was one half of the Shrewsbury Two? 7 Which comedian's characters include Paul Calf and Tommy Saxondale? 8. Which rugby team's home ground is Knowsley Road? 9. Who wrote the novel The Wasp Factory? 10 In computing, what does HTML stand for? ANSWERS: 1. Ed Balls 2. Charles Darwin 3. Abi Harding 4. Paulo Nutini 5. Rowan Williams 6. Ricky Tomlinson 7. Steve Coogan 8. Saints 9. Iain Banks 10. Hypertext markup language. Like us on Facebook Most Read Most Recent Most Read Most Recent	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,647	Who played Malcolm X in the 1992 film of the same name?	Malcolm X (1992) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Biographical epic of the controversial and influential Black Nationalist leader, from his early life and career as a small-time gangster, to his ministry as a member of the Nation of Islam. Director: From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC a list of 47 titles created 18 Nov 2014 a list of 30 titles created 04 Dec 2015 a list of 22 titles created 05 Dec 2015 a list of 48 titles created 11 months ago a list of 36 titles created 7 months ago Search for " Malcolm X " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Nominated for 2 Oscars. Another 18 wins & 14 nominations. See more awards » Videos The story of Rubin "Hurricane" Carter, a boxer wrongly imprisoned for murder, and the people who aided in his fight to prove his innocence. Director: Norman Jewison On the hottest day of the year on a street in the Bedford-Stuyvesant section of Brooklyn, everyone's hate and bigotry smolders and builds until it explodes into violence. Director: Spike Lee A basketball player's father must try to convince him to go to a college so he can get a shorter sentence. Director: Spike Lee Friends and family of a married black architect react in different ways to his affair with an Italian secretary. Director: Spike Lee Robert Gould Shaw leads the US Civil War's first all-black volunteer company, fighting prejudices of both his own Union army and the Confederates. Director: Edward Zwick Antwone Fisher, a young navy man, is forced to see a psychiatrist after a violent outburst against a fellow crewman. During the course of treatment a painful past is revealed and a new hope begins. Director: Denzel Washington Jazz trumpeter Bleek Gilliam makes questionable decisions in his professional and romantic lives. Director: Spike Lee John Quincy Archibald takes a hospital emergency room hostage when his insurance won't cover his son's heart transplant. Director: Nick Cassavetes A drama based on the true story of Melvin B. Tolson, a professor at Wiley College Texas. In 1935, he inspired students to form the school's first debate team, which went on to challenge Harvard in the national championship. Director: Denzel Washington In 1970s America, a detective works to bring down the drug empire of Frank Lucas, a heroin kingpin from Manhattan, who is smuggling the drug into the country from the Far East. Director: Ridley Scott Edit Storyline Biograpical epic of Malcolm X, the legendary African American leader. Born Malcolm Little, his father (a Garveyite Baptist minister) was killed by the Ku Klux Klan. Malcolm became a gangster, and while in jail discovered the Nation of Islam writings of Elijah Muhammad. He preaches the teachings when let out of jail, but later on goes on a pilgrimage to the city of Mecca, there he converts to the original Islamic religion and becomes a Sunni Muslim and changes his name to El-Hajj Malik Al-Shabazz. He is assassinated on February 21, 1965 and dies a Muslim martyr. Written by Anonymous Rated PG-13 for a scene of violence, and for drugs and some language \| See all certifications » Parents Guide: 18 November 1992 (USA) See more » Also Known As: Dolby Digital (35 mm prints)\| 70 mm 6-Track (70 mm prints) Color: Richard Pryor was briefly attached to star in the early production stages. See more » Goofs Sarah Vaughan's surname is misspelled as "Vaughn" on the Apollo Theater's marquee. See more » Quotes [first lines] Announcer: In the name of Allah the merciful, all praises due to Allah, Lord of all the worlds. The one God to whom praise is due forever. The one who came to us in the person of Master Fard Muhammad and raised up the Honorable Elijah Muhammad. Amen. [pause] Announcer: How do you feel? Crowd: Good! Announcer: Who do we want to hear? Crowd: Ma	Cry Freedom (1987) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error South African journalist Donald Woods is forced to flee the country after attempting to investigate the death in custody of his friend the black activist Steve Biko. Director: From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC a list of 26 titles created 08 May 2013 a list of 43 titles created 15 Jul 2013 a list of 44 titles created 05 Jun 2015 a list of 35 titles created 10 months ago a list of 49 titles created 5 months ago Search for " Cry Freedom " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Nominated for 3 Oscars. Another 5 wins & 11 nominations. See more awards » Photos An African American officer investigates a murder in a racially charged situation in World War II. Director: Norman Jewison A retired British soldier struggles to adjust to everyday life, with increasing difficulty. Director: Martin Stellman Robert Gould Shaw leads the US Civil War's first all-black volunteer company, fighting prejudices of both his own Union army and the Confederates. Director: Edward Zwick An attorney is terrorized by the criminal he put away years ago when he was a cop. Director: Russell Mulcahy When police officer Xavier Quinn's childhood friend, Maubee, becomes associated with murder and a briefcase full of ten thousand dollar bills, The Mighty Quinn must clear his name. Or try to catch him, which could be even trickier. Director: Carl Schenkel Biographical epic of the controversial and influential Black Nationalist leader, from his early life and career as a small-time gangster, to his ministry as a member of the Nation of Islam. Director: Spike Lee A racist cop receives a heart transplant from a black lawyer he hates, who returns as a ghost to ask the cop to help take down the men who murdered him. Director: James D. Parriott Pete St. John is a powerful and successful political consultant, with clients spread around the country. When his long-time friend and client Ohio senator Sam Hastings decides to quit ... See full summary » Director: Sidney Lumet An Indian family is expelled from Uganda when Idi Amin takes power. They move to Mississippi and time passes. The Indian daughter falls in love with a black man, and the respective families... See full summary » Director: Mira Nair The story of Rubin "Hurricane" Carter, a boxer wrongly imprisoned for murder, and the people who aided in his fight to prove his innocence. Director: Norman Jewison Antwone Fisher, a young navy man, is forced to see a psychiatrist after a violent outburst against a fellow crewman. During the course of treatment a painful past is revealed and a new hope begins. Director: Denzel Washington A white corporate executive is surprised to discover that he has a black teen-age son who can't wait to be adopted into the, almost-exclusively-white community of, San Marino, California. Director: Michael Schultz Edit Storyline Donald Woods is chief editor of the liberal newspaper Daily Dispatch in South Africa. He has written several editorials critical of the views of Steve Biko. But after having met him for the first time, he changes his opinion. They meet several times, and this means that Woods and his family get attention from the security police. When Steve Biko dies in police custody, he writes a book about Biko. The only way to get it published is for Woods himself to illegally escape the country. Written by Mattias Thuresson The true story of the friendship that shook South Africa and awakened the world Genres: 6 November 1987 (USA) See more » Also Known As: Grito de libertad See more » Filming Locations: 70 mm 6-Track (70 mm prints)\| Dolby (35 mm prints) Color: Did You Know? Trivia The movie stars two actors who both won Best Supporting Actor Academy Awards during the 1980s. Denz	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,648	Barry Fairbrother collapsed and died in the first episode of which recent BBC drama?	Rory Kinnear - IMDb IMDb Actor \| Soundtrack Rory Kinnear was born on February 17, 1978 in London, England as Rory Stewart Kinnear. He is an actor, known for The Imitation Game (2014), Skyfall (2012) and Quantum of Solace (2008). He is married to Pandora Colin . They have two children. See full bio » Born: a list of 31 people created 18 Jan 2012 a list of 33 people created 17 Mar 2013 a list of 38 people created 22 Aug 2015 a list of 25 people created 3 months ago a list of 30 people created 3 months ago Do you have a demo reel? Add it to your IMDbPage How much of Rory Kinnear's work have you seen? User Polls 3 wins & 6 nominations. See more awards » Known For The Imitation Game Detective Robert Nock (2014) 2017 Guerrilla (TV Mini-Series) ( filming ) Pence 2017 Quacks (TV Movie) ( completed ) Robert 2015 The Casual Vacancy (TV Mini-Series) Barry Fairbrother 2013-2015 Count Arthur Strong (TV Series) Michael Baker 2012 Loving Miss Hatto (TV Movie) Young Barrie 2011 Black Mirror (TV Series) Michael Callow 2009 Ashes to Ashes (TV Series) Jeremy 2008 Messiah: The Rapture (TV Mini-Series) Stewart Dean 2005 Secret Smile (TV Movie) Nick 2005 Silent Witness (TV Series) Paul 2003 The Second Coming (TV Mini-Series) Father Dillane 2002 Ultimate Force (TV Series) Policeman 2001 Judge John Deed (TV Series) Tony Cootes - Duty of Care (2001) ... Tony Cootes Hide - The Day Tennyson Died (2016) ... (performer: "All Through the Night" - uncredited) Hide 2014 Dinner at 11 (TV Movie documentary) Narrator 2011 BBC Proms (TV Series) Himself - Narrator 2008 Bond on Location (TV Short documentary) Himself 2007 BBC London News (TV Series) Himself - Stage Actor - Episode dated 6 February 2007 (2007) ... Himself - Stage Actor Hide 2007 Five Days: Making Five Days (Video documentary short) Kyle Betts (uncredited) Personal Details Other Works: He acted in William Shakespeare 's play, "The Taming of the Shrew", and John Fletcher 's play, "The Tamer Tamed", in a Royal Shakespeare Company production at the Queen's Theatre in London, England with Jasper Britton , Alexandra Gilbreath , Ian Gelder , Eve Myles , Christopher Godwin , Nicholas Tennant , Paul Chahidi , Daniel Hawksford ... See more » Height: Did You Know? Personal Quote: I can tell you it's all bullshit. It feels like my name has been randomly chosen to satisfy the public appetite. I can firmly deny that I am the next Doctor Who (2005). I don't know what the motive was - to be honest I can't even be bothered to think about it. Having said that, the rumour doesn't do any harm. I just know the show as something that's out there in the ether. I realise that it's ... See more » Trivia: Won a Laurence Olivier Award for his performance as "Sir Foppling Flutter" in "The Man of Mode" at the Royal National Theatre in 2008. See more » Star Sign:	Nicholas Lyndhurst - TV Celebrities - ShareTV Nicholas Lyndhurst Nicholas Lyndhurst's Main TV Roles Show [Complete List] BIOGRAPHY: Nicholas was a child student at Corona Theatre School. He appeared in a succession of television commercials and children's films in the late 1970s, and first gained national recognition at the age of seventeen in the sitcom Butterflies written by Carla Lane, in which he played the character Adam Parkinson. He then played the teenage son of Norman Stanley 'Fletch' Fletcher played by Ronnie Barker in Going Straight before achieving stardom in the series Only Fools and Horses in which he played Rodney Trotter, the younger brother of the main character Derek "Del Boy" Trotter. In Only Fools and Horses Nicholas was immortalised by the catchphrase aimed at his character 'Rodney, you plonker'. This programme started as a small comedy in 1981 and rapidly grew in popularity until it reached its peak in 1996 with its Christmas Day show in the UK. Lyndhurst has appeared in the show since the very start, right up to its most recent airing at Christmas 2003. Only Fools and Horses reached No.1 British sitcom ever in the BBC poll in 2003/04. During the 1990s, Lyndhurst also appeared in ITV's The Two of Us with Janet Dibley and The Piglet Files, as well as in a number of stage performances. Between 1993 and 1999, he played the complex lead character of Gary Sparrow in the fantasy sitcom Goodnight Sweetheart. At around the same time, he was the face and voice on the TV and radio commercials for the telecommunications chain People's Phone. In 1995, he was offered the role in The Full Monty playing lead role Gary but declined. Between 1997 and 1999, Nicholas Lyndhurst was the public face of the stationery chain store WH Smith, starring in their adverts as all four members of one family. He won a BAFTA for his acting in the adverts. In 2006, he appeared as Cruella de Vil's chauffeur, Reg Farnsworth, at the Children's Party at the Palace. In 2007, Lyndhurst returned to the BBC with his first new sitcom in thirteen years, After You've Gone, in which he plays a divorced dad moving back into the marital home to look after his daughter (Dani Harmer) and son (Ryan Sampson) together with his mother in law, played by Celia Imrie, after his ex wife goes to work as a recovery nurse on a third world disaster relief mission. Lyndhurst played Freddie Robdal, the 1960s gangster father of Rodney Trotter in the prequel to Only Fools and Horses - Rock & Chips. The show centres around Del Boy, Robdal and Joan Trotter in early 1960s Peckham. It was first broadcast on 24 January 2010, with another special transmitted on 29 December 2010, and the final episode in Easter 2011. He lives in West Sussex with his wife Lucy, a former ballet dancer (married in Chichester, West Sussex, 1999), and their son, Archie Bjorn Lyndhurst (born Westminster, London, 2000) and daughter, April Fjoord Lyndhurst (born Westminster, London, 1989). Lyndhurst has a passion for outdoor activities, including flying aeroplanes, surfing and deep sea diving. He is also a keen beekeeper. TRIVIA: Is left handed. Attended the Corona Stage Academy. When he did a series of adverts for WH Smith a few years ago in which he played an entire family of four, he admitted to enjoying playing the mum best. He is the result of an affair his mother had with a married man. He admits that he used to be shy of marriage as his father treated his mother very badly but took the plunge with his long-term girlfriend, Lucy Filmed an advert for Sealy (a bed company) in 1982. He has no interest in the showbiz scene, avoiding parties and social events in favour of diving which his life-long passion. Related sites for this celeb	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,649	Which city in Brazil has (early-2000s) the longest beach garden in the world, the busiest container port in Latin America, and Pele's football club?	Tourist Brazil Guide by Casa Cohiba - issuu issuu Casa Cohiba Brazil Info Guide through Brazil / Cumbuco Casa Cohiba Avenida Central do Cumbuco 2596 Phone: +55 85 8555 1678 Email: office@casa-cohiba.com Visit www.casa-cohiba.com & www.cumbuco-car-rental.com PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Wed, 16 Jan 2013 23:12:45 UTC Contents Articles Brazil References Article Sources and Contributors 72 Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 73 Roman Catholic 64.6%, Protestant 22.2%, none 8.0% (2010 Census) Electricity In general 127V/60Hz with some cities using 220V/60Hz (North American or European plug); 110V/60Hz has been confirmed in use in S達o Paulo and most other sites do not mention 127V, but 110V. Calling Code Time Zone UTC -3 (-2 to -4) Brazil Brazil (Portuguese: Brasil), [1], is the largest country in South America and fifth largest in the world. Famous for its football (soccer) tradition and its annual Carnaval in Rio de Janeiro, Salvador, Recife and Olinda. It is a country of great diversity, from the bustling urban mosaic of São Paulo to the infinite cultural energy of Pernambuco and Bahia, the wilderness of the Amazon rainforest and world-class landmarks such as the Iguaçu Falls, there is plenty to see and to do in Brazil. Understand Brazil was inhabited solely by indigenous people, mainly of the Tupi and Guarani ethnic groups. Settling by the Portuguese began late in the 16th century, with the extraction of valuable wood from the pau brasil tree, from which the country draws its name. Brazil was settled by the Portuguese and not the Spanish, as were the rest of Central, South and parts of North America in the New World. Despite Portuguese rule, some parts of Brazil formed a Dutch colony between 1630 and 1654. They founded several cities, such as Mauritsville, and many sugar cane plantations. The Dutch fought a grim jungle war with the Portuguese, and without the support of the Republic of their homeland due to a war with England, the Dutch surrendered to the Portuguese, though they did not officially recognize Portuguese rule, which led to an all-out war with Portugal off the coast of Portugal in 1656. In 1665 the Peace Treaty of The Hague was signed, Portugal lost its Asian colonies and had to pay 63 tons of gold to compensate the Dutch Republic for the loss of its colony. Brazil became the centre of the Portuguese Empire by 1808, when the King Dom João VI (John VI) fled from Napoleon's invasion of Portugal and established himself and his government in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The following four centuries saw further exploitation of the country's natural riches such as gold and rubber, alongside the rise of an economy based largely on sugar, coffee and African slave labor. Meanwhile, extermination and Christianizing of natives kept its pace, and the 19th and 20th Century saw a second wave of immigration, mainly Italian, German (in southern Brazil), Spanish, Japanese (In São Paulo State) and Portuguese, adding to the set of factors that generated today's complex and unique Brazilian culture and society. Following three centuries under the rule of Portugal, Brazil became an independent nation on September 7th, 1822. Until 1889 Brazil was an Empire under the rule of Dom Pedro I and his son Dom Pedro II. By this time, it became an emerging international power. Slavery, which had initially been widespread, was restricted by successive legislation until its final abolition in 1888. Perhaps this was the reason why the Empire was abolished in the following year: unhappy with the end of slavery, the ultraconservatives shifted their support to Republicanism and the Emperor was overthrown in a sudden coup d'état. By far the largest, most populous and prosperous country in Latin America, it has also overcome more than two decades (1964-1988) of military intervention in the governance of the country to pursue democratic rule, while facing the challenge of keeping its industrial and agricultural growth and developing its interior. Exploiti	Account Suspended Account Suspended This Account has been suspended. Contact your hosting provider for more information.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,650	When did London first host an Olympic Games?	The Olympics: London's History as a Three-Time Host - dummies By Tash Lee London 2012 isn’t the first time the English capital has played host to the Olympic Games. Since the beginning of the modern Olympics in 1896 in Athens, Greece, the Games have taken place in London twice – the first being in 1908 when the country was enjoying a time of peaceful prosperity, and the second in 1948, when the United Kingdom was still resolutely picking up the pieces of its blitz-torn capital after the brutal effects of the Second World War. Olympics 1908: Britain excels One of the main difficulties facing the 2012 Olympic organisers was the sheer number of people expected to flock to London. With a third of British children now expected to live until they’re 100, the current population of London stands at an astounding 7.8 million. In 1908 however, the average life-expectancy was 55; and with a population of 10,800 there was arguably a slightly less daunting population to deal with. After the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 1906, the games were relocated from Rome to London whilst the Italian Government used the funds for essential restoration projects instead. 1908 was a momentous year for the Olympics, making its mark with a host of firsts: The first Opening Ceremony The first appearance of diving as an Olympic Event The first games to hold the marathon we know today (26 miles, 365 yards). From 27 April to 31 October, 22 nations with 2,000 athletes took part in 110 events. The British team were hugely successful, topping the medal count, and finishing with three times the number of medals as the United States, who came in second! Olympics 1948: A year to forget After winning the Olympic bid in 1939, London prepared itself to host the games in 1944. However, in the five years that passed, World War II had ripped countries apart and caused unprecedented suffering across the globe. By 1945 when a ceasefire was finally successful, more than 60 million people had been killed, equating to 2.5 percent of the world’s population. As can only be imagined, the 1944 Olympics was cancelled; no-one was in the mood for games. The 1948 London Olympics were greeted with great jubilation and relief, largely stemming from the £30,000 profit that was made — a significant sum to put towards more bomb-restoration across the country. Between 29 July and 14 August, 59 nations competed in 136 events. With a limited budget, there was no new Olympic stadium, velodrome, aquatics centre or handball arena; and the main event of the closing ceremony was the release of thousands of pigeons above North London. The athletes were housed in RAF camps, rationed on cheap whale meat, and the only drug test that took place was to see if sportsmen had overdosed on Horlicks tablets. Olympics 2012: Third time lucky? London 2012 — and England — is ready to proudly host the Olympic Games for the third time. Starting on July 27, the 2012 London Olympics is set to be as big as its predecessors, with 216 countries taking part, and billions of pounds already spent. London holds its breath to see if history will repeat itself. With the average standing ticket price being at least £200 — compared to the 17 pence it was 64 years ago — the Olympics are set to be the most elaborate and expensive yet. Welcome to London 2012!	Sydney Olympic Games, 2000 \| australia.gov.au Sydney Olympic Games, 2000 The exceptionally well-organised Sydney Games were a true celebration of Olympic values and sporting excellence. Olympic Committee The Sydney Olympic Games were held from 15 September to 1 October 2000. Sydney was awarded the right to host the 2000 Olympic Games in 1993. It was the second time that an Australian city had hosted the Olympic Games, the first being in Melbourne in 1956. The first Olympic Games of the modern era were held in Athens in 1896 following the founding of the International Olympic Committee in 1894. The Olympics began in Greece about 3,500 years ago but were discontinued in 393 AD. In 1887, Baron Pierre de Coubertin came up with the idea of reviving the Olympics. At the Sydney 2000 Olympics there were 199 competing countries and four individual athletes from East Timor who marched in the parade of nations. There were 10,651 athletes (4,069 women, 6,582 men). There were 300 events. One of the extraordinary characteristics of the Sydney Olympics was the number of volunteers, 46,967, which had grown from an original group of 500, honoured in a parade through the city after the games. The extent of interest world-wide in the Olympics is reflected in the 16,033 accredited media people (5,298 written press, 10,735 broadcasters). Highlights – 100 years of women's participation Cathy Freeman wins gold in the 400m. Image courtesy of the ABC. Sydney 2000 celebrated 100 years of women's participation in the Olympic Games. The Triathlon made its Olympic debut with the women's race as the first event. Brigitte McMahon of Switzerland swam, cycled and ran to win gold and beat the favoured Australian athlete Michelie Jones who won silver. McMahon only passed Jones in sight of the finish line. Taekwondo was another new addition to the Olympic programme. Australian Lauren Burns, won gold in taekwondo, women's -49kg. Roared on by home fans, Burns surged ahead to 4-2 in the second round after being tied at the end of first round. Susanthika Jayasinghe became the first Sri Lankan woman to win a medal, claiming bronze in the 200m, whilst Birgit Fischer of Germany earned two gold medals in kayaking to become the first woman in any sport to win medals 20 years apart, having won gold at the Moscow, Barcelona and Atlanta Olympic Games. Women also took part in weightlifting and the modern pentathlon for the very first time. Australian Maria Pekli, won silver in judo for the women's 57kg. Other Australian women gold medal winners included Natalie Cook and Kerri Pottharst for beach volleyball, and Jenny Armstrong and Belinda Stowell for sailing, in the women's 470 class. The Australian women's hockey, softball and water polo teams also showed their excellence in winning gold. Opening ceremony and Olympic Flame Sydney 200 opening ceremony. Image courtesy of the ABC. The opening ceremony began with a tribute to Australian culture, history and identity with over 120 Australian stock horses stepping out, paying tribute to Australian stockmen. Performances that followed included references to the arrival of the First Fleet, immigration and rural industry as well as a large display of lawnmowers and an Australian Hill's hoist clothes line representing domestic life and ingenuity. Music and performance highlights of the opening were two hundred (200) Indigenous women from Central Australia dancing to cleanse and protect the Games and hundreds of tap-dancing teenagers. Olivia Newton-John and John Farnham sang the duet 'Dare to Dream' while walking among the athletes. Torres Strait Islander Christine Anu sang 'My Island Home' and the Australian National Anthem was sung by the boy band Human Nature with the second verse sung by Julie Anthony. The games were opened by the Australian Governor-General Sir William Deane with the Olympic Flag carried around the arena by eight former Australian Olympic champions: Bill Roycroft, Murray Rose, Liane Tooth, Gillian Rolton, Marjorie Jackson, Lorraine Crapp, Michael Wenden and Nick Green. Cathy Freeman lighting the Olympic Fla	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,651	In art, Lisa Gherardini became better known as whom?	Who were Francesco del Giocondo and his wife Lisa Gherardini? - The Mona Lisa Foundation The Mona Lisa Foundation Who were Francesco del Giocondo and his wife Lisa Gherardini? Breadcrump Historical Evidence Who were Francesco del Giocondo and his wife Lisa Gherardini? Francesco del Giocondo emerges in history as the husband of the lady portrayed by Leonardo da Vinci in the world’s most famous painting. The confusion and speculation about both the lady and the painting is ongoing. But as to the man who commissioned the painting in the first place, the man who made it all happen? He seems to have been largely, and often deliberately, overlooked by so many scholars and historians. One of the critical reasons for this is that in order to believe that Leonardo painted only one version of Mona Lisa, Francesco would have to be dismissed as irrelevant, and simply swatted out of the historical records like an inconvenient fly. This would be supported by de Beatis observation that the Louvre ‘Mona Lisa’ was commissioned by Giuliano de Medici. This handsome edifice at 11 Via Sant Antonino, Florence, stands where Francesco del Giocondo had one of his workshops. But Giorgio Vasari, in his great collection of biographies (the Vite), specifically introduces del Giocondo as the man for whom Leonardo undertook to paint the portrait. Vasari is unequivocal in connecting together the three main protagonists: Francesco, his wife Lisa, and Leonardo. These circumstances, and the fact that the painting was left unfinished, were detailed in Vasari’s First Edition, in 1550, and left unchanged in the revised Second Edition of 1568. (This episode was independently witnessed and confirmed by Agostino Vespucci during the painting’s execution in 1503). Coat of Arms of the Silk Weaver’s Guild, by Luca della Robbia. To properly understand the real history of the Mona Lisa, it is important to recognize the relevance of del Giocondo and his place in society. In 1475, the Florentine Government affirmed an unwritten law that “Every Florentine-born adult is free to gain his living as he wills.” The caveat to this perceived benevolence was that any merchant, trader, craftsman, or anyone pursuing a profession in order to legally earn a living had to belong to a specific guild. During the 14th Century it seemed that there was a separate guild, or trade association for every conceivable activity: ‘vaginariai’ – scabbard-makers; ‘conciatelli’ – house-tilers; ‘cereriai’ – wax-moulders; ‘rivenditori’ – used-clothes dealers. To complicate matters further, some guilds had higher ranking than others, for no apparent reason. By the 15th Century however, arrangements became more streamlined. There were seven Greater Guilds – ‘Le Arti Maggiori’, which incidentally included the wool-manufacturers and the silk-manufacturers. Following these were fourteen Lesser Guilds, ‘Le Arti Minori’; and the numerous other trade associations managed to gain recognition by subordinating themselves to larger groups. Francesco del Giocondo, born in 1465, was only 24 years old when he was elected in 1489 as a Consul of the Silk Guild – ‘L’Arte della Seta’ – and it is clear that his ambition and business acumen were recognized at an early age. Earlier, in 1472, Benedetto Dei, a chronicler and business agent for the Medici family, reported that there were eighty-three major silk workshops in Florence. The Silk Guild, also known as the ‘Arte di Por San Maria’, was one of the city’s most powerful guilds: it oversaw production and ensured that all silk cloth manufactured in the city adhered to strict measurement and quality standards. Many types of silk cloth and velvets were produced in Florence, but the most famous were the ‘auroserici’, silk fabrics enhanced with gold thread, which dominated the world textile market during the Renaissance. Del Giocondo and his brothers owned two shops, and rented an additional one in the Por Santa Maria area, that since the 14th Century has been linked to the silk trade. Other Tuscan cities such as Siena and Lucca also had thriving silk industries, and th	La Gioconda: mystery, regret and controversy behind the painting \| Italy La Gioconda: mystery, regret and controversy behind the painting Submitted by annadefilippo on Tue, 12/22/2015 - 12:04 La Gioconda: mystery, regret and controversy behind the painting One of the greatest paintings of Italian art is certainly La Gioconda, Leonardo da Vinci's masterpiece. The painting, better known abroad as "Monna Lisa" ("Monna" is the abbreviation for Madonna and corresponds to the current term "woman") is kept in the museum of the Louvre in Paris. This 77 x 53 cm painting is unsigned, but it is sure the work was painted by the Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci in 1500. However, the artist never considered the work completed and he never gave it to his commissioner. This has often raised questions which, together with many others, haven't found any answer, yet. La Gioconda Many years have passed since its creation, but the secrets surrounding La Gioconda are far from being revealed: mystery dominates all that relates to this amazing work of art. Mistery created by the penetrating, yet ambiguous gaze of Monna Lisa herself, the identity of whom we do not know. La Gioconda is a typical Renaissance painting characterized by harmony of colors and nuances. The portrait divides the canvas into two main sectors: one where the protagonist predominates the scene, and the second where we can see a landscape with rocks, streets, rivers and vegetation, considered an imaginative place. The painting and its elements have been given several different interpretations. The identity of the subject remains still uncertain, but its image well known: an enigmatic woman, smiling. According to research conducted by Florentine scholars, La Gioconda really existed in the past and she corresponds to Lisa Gherardini, the second wife of the Florentine silk trader Francesco Del Giocondo. The Del Giocondos knew Leonardo's family: it was the artist's father, it seems, who put them in touch with one another. Other women have been linked to the identity of the painting and it has also been hypothesized she may have been pregnant due to the way she rested her hands on her belly. Another interesting position on the matter, often considered hazardous, is the theory according to which the subject of the painting is Leonardo himself. This thesis was elaborated not only for the similarity between the painting and Leonardo's face, but also because the reason Leonardo never returned the painting to its commissioner has never been clarified. The attachment of Leonardo to the painting is still unexplained, but that's the same for the identity of the person portrayed, which may remain a mystery. La Gioconda, in spite of its popularity, is fundamentally a work of mystery: the smile, the eyes, the subject, all contributed to create an aura of mystery and enigma around it. The eyes and the smile of La Gioconda have been considered the key to reveal its secrets by many. Proof of it is the number of studies carried out on their analysis in the hope to solve, once and for all, the mystery of the Monna Lisa.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,652	What is the public declaration, usually in a church, of an intended marriage?	Banns of marriage - definition of Banns of marriage by The Free Dictionary Banns of marriage - definition of Banns of marriage by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Banns+of+marriage Also found in: Thesaurus , Legal , Wikipedia . banns pl.n. An announcement, especially in a church, of an intended marriage. [Middle English banes, pl. of ban, proclamation, from Old English gebann and from Old French ban (of Germanic origin; see bhā-2 in the Appendix of Indo-European roots).] banns bans pl n 1. (Ecclesiastical Terms) the public declaration of an intended marriage, usually formally announced on three successive Sundays in the parish churches of both the betrothed 2. (Ecclesiastical Terms) forbid the banns to raise an objection to a marriage announced in this way [C14: plural of bann proclamation; see ban1] banns	A Patron Saint for Musicians, Singers A Patron Saint for Musicians, Singers Thomas Craughwell As the father of Gregorian chant, Pope St. Gregory the Great was the obvious candidate for patron of singers and musicians. His position went unchallenged for 700 years until the proliferation of pipe organs in churches and a misreading of a line in the Divine Office pushed Gregory into the background and advanced St. Cecilia (3rd century; feast day November 22) as the patron of all things musical. The line that caused the shift is found in the Office for the feast of St. Cecilia: “cantantibus organis illa in corde suo sui domino decantabat.” While the instruments were playing, she [Cecilia] would sing to her Lord in her heart. The scene describes Cecilia’s wedding banquet: while the musicians played bawdy songs, Cecilia sang in her heart hymns to Christ, her heavenly bridegroom. Apparently readers in the 14th century read cantantibus organis as “the organ was playing” and interpreted the rest of the phrase to mean that Cecilia herself was the organist. The image of a beautiful young woman seated at a pipe organ singing sweetly to God captured the popular imagination of the faithful in a way that St. Gregory the Great never did. Cecilia’s wedding requires a little explanation. She had made a vow to remain a virgin, but her parents insisted that Cecilia marry. Although they were Christians, they chose a pagan named Valerian as Cecilia’s husband. On the wedding night Cecilia explained to Valerian that she had promised God to remain a virgin, that she had been forced into marriage. Her Christian faith would not permit her to break her vow. Valerian was skeptical, but Cecilia urged him to go see Pope Urban who would be able to convince him of what was right. Urban did more than persuade Valerian to respect Cecilia’s vow; he converted him to Christianity. Valerian’s conversion led his brother Tiburtius to seek out Pope Urban, and he too was baptized. Not long afterward a fresh wave of persecution swept through Rome: Cecilia, Valerian, Tiburtius and Maximus, the prison warden who had guarded Valerian and Tiburtius, were all martyred. If you go to Rome you can see St. Cecilia’s house — it is intact beneath the Basilica of St. Cecilia in the part of town called Trastevere. Before Constantine granted freedom to the Church, Christianity operated in secret. In Rome, generous, well-to-do Christians risked their lives by offering their homes as both church and community center. These house churches became known as tituli, a Roman term for an inscription placed upon a building to indicate who owned the property. By the year 300 there were 25 Christian tituli in Rome. One of these belonged to Cecilia. After St. Cecilia’s martyrdom, Pope Urban had her buried in the Catacomb of St. Callixtus. Her relics remained there until the ninth century when Pope St. Paschal I (reigned 817-24) moved the bodies of St. Cecilia and Sts. Valerian, Tiburtius and Maximus to the basilica he had built over Cecilia’s house. In 1599, Cecilia’s tomb was opened and her body was found to be incorrupt. The excavators called the sculptor Stefano Maderno to the site to make a sketch of Cecilia’s body. The martyr’s body did not remain intact: with exposure to the air, it crumbled to dust. But the life-size sculpture Maderno made from his sketch shows us what Cecilia looked like. You can see it in Rome enshrined beneath the high altar in the Basilica of St. Cecilia. Editor’s note: This article originally appeared in the Arlington Catholic Herald and is reprinted here with kind permission. First published on CE on Nov. 18, 2004. image: St. Cecilia’s Martyrdom by Stefano Maderno, Santa Cecilia in Trastevere, Rome/ Wikimedia Commons	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,653	Who is the youngest male actor to have won the Best Actor Oscar?	8 of the Youngest Oscar Winners and Nominees of All Time 8 of the Youngest Oscar Winners and Nominees of All Time Reddit When it comes to the Oscars , usually it’s the older, more established actors that come away with the nominations and awards for their film work. However, sometimes a young newcomer gives a performance that just cannot be ignored. The following is a list of the youngest Oscar nominees and winners in the acting categories. source: Focus Features 1. Adrien Brody, The Pianist Adrien Brody is the youngest actor to take home an Oscar for Best Actor for his 2002 win for Roman Polanski’s Holocaust film The Pianist. His win might be most remembered for that creepy Halle Berry kiss, but it was history-making because Brody was only 29 years old when he won. That’s much older than any of the other actors on this list, but that only goes to show the Academy’s tendency to honor older actors in the male acting categories. Critics heaped praise on the film, which they saw as one of Polanski’s most personal efforts as he explored his own experiences surviving the Holocaust through the figure of the Polish-Jewish classical composer and pianist Władysław Szpilman. Brody’s performance was honored for his dedication to the role, which saw him learn the piano and lose scary amounts of weight to become the skeletal Szpilman. source: Paramount Pictures 2. Jackie Cooper, Skippy For this 1931 movie about a couple of kids trying to save a dog, Jackie Cooper became the youngest nominee in the Best Actor category at age 9. He’s held the record ever since, for a whopping 84 years. The movie follows the character Skippy, played by Cooper and based on the comic strip of that name by Percy Crosby, as he helps his poor friend Sooky save a dog. The next-youngest actor nominated for the Oscar is a full 10 years older than Cooper. Mickey Rooney was nominated at age 19 for his role in 1939’s Babes in Arms. source: Paramount Pictures 3. Marlee Matlin, Children of a Lesser God Marlee Matlin made history in more ways than one when she took home her Oscar for Best Actress in 1986. She was not only the youngest winner of the award at age 21, but also the only deaf actor ever to win an Academy Award. In Children of a Lesser God, Matlin plays a deaf custodian at a school for the deaf who falls in love with a hearing speech teacher there. As their relationship develops, his insistence that she learn to speak rather than use sign language becomes a major source of discord between them. This was the first performance since the 1926 silent movie You’d Be Surprised to have a deaf actor in a leading role. Matlin has also received a Golden Globe award and four Emmy nominations for her work during her acting career. source: Fox Searchlight 4. Quvenzhané Wallis, Beasts of the Southern Wild The Louisiana native Quvenzhané Wallis became the youngest nominee ever in the category of Best Actress at age 9 when she was nominated for her role as the strong-willed young Katrina survivor in the magical realism film Beasts of the Southern Wild. Her nomination also made her the first African American child to earn an Oscar nomination as well as the first person born in the 21st century to do so. She was only 6 years old when the film was made and lied about her age when she auditioned for the role, as she was just 5 and the cut-off age was 6, according to an interview Roger Ebert did with the actress. Director Benh Zeitlin ended up being so impressed with Wallis that he changed the script to better suit her. Reviews of the film lavished her performance with praise. She’s gone on to land the starring role in the high-profile remake of Annie and a modeling campaign with Giorgio Armani. source: Paramount Pictures 5. Timothy Hutton, Ordinary People The 1980 film Ordinary People was the directorial debut of Robert Redford and won four Academy Awards, including for Timothy Hutton’s performance making him the youngest winner for Best Supporting Actor at age 20. The movie is about an upper middle class family attempting to return to normal life after the death of one of	Oscars 2009: Kate Winslet wins best actress for The Reader - Telegraph Oscars Oscars 2009: Kate Winslet wins best actress for The Reader Kate Winslet has won her first Oscar, for best actress, for her performance as a former Nazi death camp guard in The Reader. By Tom Leonard in Los Angeles 6:10AM GMT 23 Feb 2009 The 33-year-old British actress had been nominated for an Academy Award on five previous occasions. In a widely-predicted win, she beat other nominees for the award who included Meryl Streep for Doubt, Anne Hathaway for Rachel Getting Married, Angelina Jolie for Changeling and Melissa Leo for Frozen River. She has already won a BAFTA award, two Golden Globes and a Screen Actors Guild award this season but her emotional, breathless acceptance speech made clear her delight at finally securing an Oscar. "To the academy thank you so much. My God," she said, adding that she had dreamed of winning an Oscar for a long time. "I'd be lying if I haven't made a version of this speech before. I think I was probably eight years old and staring into the bathroom mirror and this would have been a shampoo bottle," she said. Related Articles Oscars 2009: Kate Winslet profile 22 Feb 2009 "It's not a shampoo bottle now. I feel very fortunate to have made it all the way from there to here and I'd like to thank some of the people along the way who had faith in me." She also called on her father to whistle from the audience so she could see him in the crowd, which he did. "I can't believe we're in a category with Meryl Streep at all," Winslet said. "I'm sorry, Meryl, but you have to just suck that up." She was also praised for her role as a disillusioned housewife in Revolutionary Road alongside Leonardo di Caprio, her co-star in Titanic. Released within two weeks of The Reader, Revolutionary Road was widely regarded as her stronger performance. In The Reader, she plays Hanna Schmitz, a former Nazi prison guard who begins an affair with a teenage boy more than a decade later. Winslet, who is married to the Oscar-winning director Sam Mendes, has two young children. Start your free 30 day Amazon Prime trial»	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,654	Alfred Wainwright's coast-to-coast walk starts from which point in Cumbria?	Coast to Coast Walk – Visit Cumbria Location : St Bees / Cleator / Ennerdale Bridge / Honister Pass / Borrowdale / Grasmere / Patterdale / Haweswater / Shap / Orton / Kirkby Stephen In 1972 A Wainwright devised the Coast to Coast Walk, which traversed what he described as ‘the grandest territory in the north of England’. The walk starts at St Bees on the West coast of Cumbria. It travels through Cleator, Ennerdale, Honister Pass , Rosthwaite, Grasmere, Patterdale, Haweswater, Shap, Orton, Sunbiggin Tarn , Smardale Gill , Kirkby Stephen, up to Nine Standards Rigg , then out of Cumbria. The route then travels through the Yorkshire Dales National Park, the North York Moors National Park, heading towards Robin Hood’s Bay on the East Coast of North Yorkshire. It is suggested that you buy Alfred Wainwright’s classic pictorial guide to give yourself a feel for the walk and experience some of the writer’s unique authority; then as your day-to-day guide, choose one of the more up-to-date writers who have followed in Wainwright’s footsteps and revised the essential information. Books on the Coast to Coast Walk A Coast to Coast Walk – A Pictorial Guide by A Wainwright Wainwright’s Coast to Coast Walk by A Wainwright/D Brabbs Coast to Coast Walk by Paul Hannon Coast to Coast by Ronald Turnbull A Northern Coast to Coast Walk by Terry Marsh The route is covered by 2 Ordnance Survey Outdoor Leisure maps OSL 33 – St Bees Head to Keld OSL 34 – Keld to Robin Hood’s Bay The Youth Hostels Association operates an accommodation booking service,through which the entire walk can be booked in one go, many places being Youth Hostels, but where these are not available appropriate B&B’s will be used.	The Lakes of the English Lake District, travel information Bassenthwaite Lake The most northerly of the major lakes, Bassenthwaite lies between Keswick and Cockermouth. The best views of Bassenthwaite lake, indeed, one of the best views in the Lake District, can be had by taking the minor road from Braithwaite village that leads up to the Whinlatter Pass. A pull-by part way up the climb provides wonderful views over the lake. On the eastern shore is Mirehouse, a quiet Georgian house with connections to Lord Tennyson and other Victorian literary figures. Close to Bassenthwaite village is a RSPB bird sanctuary. One of the most secluded and smallest lakes, Brothers Water lies between Ullswater and Ambleside at the foot of Kirkstone Pass. The water is shallow and lily pads cover the shallows, creating a green carpet on the blue waters. Buttermere Buttermere One of most spectacular of the lakes, Buttermere is set in a lovely basin below Grasmoor, a high Lakeland peaks. There are picnic areas overlooking the lake and trails leading into the nearby hills. Head south of Buttermere and you find yourself climbing Honister Pass; the views from the top are absolutely spectacular. Coniston Water Lying roughly parallel to Lake Windermere, Coniston Water is famous as the site of Donald Campbell's successful attempts to break the world speed record. Campbell's final record attempt led to his untimely death, and the story of Campbell's Bluebird is just one of the fascinating bits of local history you will learn about if you take one of the steam gondola trips that leave from Coniston pier. Across the lake from Coniston village is Brantwood, the home of Victorian author John Ruskin. The Brantwood estate is full of opportunities to walk and enjoy the outdoors. Coniston itself caters to those wishing to enjoy outdoor activities as well, and offers a good range of accommodation. Crummock Water Just north of the smaller Buttermere, Crummock Water lies at the foot of Grasmoor peak. The road along the shores of the lake provides wonderful views of the waters and surrounding steep sided hills. To the west of Crummock Water is Scale Force, one of the most attractive waterfalls in the region. Derwentwater One of the most 'developed' of the lakes, Derwentwater offers some of the best boating and water sport opportunities, with numerous marinas and boat hire companies serving visitors. The major destination on Derwentwater is Keswick , at the north end of the lake. On the eastern shore is the Bowder Stone, a fascinating natural site, where a huge boulder is tipped up on one corner in a seemingly precarious state of balance. Take the Watendlath road to reach a viewpoint giving superb views over the lake and surrounding hills. To the south, follow the River Derwent into Borrowdale, a narrow valley with access to some of the best hill walking routes in the region. Ennerdale Water Located at the extreme western edge of the Lake District National Park, Ennerdale is one of the most remote lakes but also one of the prettiest. Take the minor road that leads along the northern shore of Ennerdale to Ennerdale Head, a good jumping off place for some of the region's finest walks. Grasmere Grasmere A small lake just west of Rydal Water. Grasmere village is the location of Town End, the 17th century house where Beatrix Potter wrote many of her children's stories. A parking lot at the eastern end of the lake provides access to a lovely walk along the shore. Rydal Water One of the smaller lakes, Rydal Water is located just outside Grasmere at the foo	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,655	Which actress played Sid James’ wife in the UK television series ‘Bless This House’?	BBC NEWS \| Entertainment \| Actress Diana Coupland dies at 74 Actress Diana Coupland dies at 74 Diana Coupland played Maureen Carter in EastEnders in 2000 Actress Diana Coupland, best known for her role in 1970s sitcom Bless This House, has died in hospital aged 74. The comedy actress died at Coventry's University Hospital, after she failed to recuperate from surgery to resolve long-term heart problems. "The operation was a success but because of Diana's longstanding illness, her condition continued to deteriorate," the surgeon said. Coupland more recently played roles in EastEnders, Casualty and Doctors. Bond role "Diana's chances of a full recovery were discussed with her family and they made a decision that she should be allowed to pass away peacefully," said heart surgeon Ramesh Patel. "May I offer my condolences to the family for the loss of their wife and mother, who I know will be greatly missed." Diana Coupland (r) appeared in Triangle during the 1980s Coupland had not wanted to act initially. Ballet dancing was her first choice of career, but a horse-riding accident prevented her pursuing that ambition. She began acting in the 60s. Her early career saw her singing voice dubbed over the voice of Ursula Andress in the James Bond film Dr No. But it was her role in Bless This House, opposite Sid James, that brought her television fame. She continued to work solidly through the 1980s, and featured in popular shows including police drama Juliet Bravo and Triangle, the series set on a North Sea ferry. The actress was also well known for her charitable works, becoming patron for National Lupus UK, a charity supporting people suffering from Systemic and Discoid Lupus.	Oodles Of Fun: April 2010 Oodles Of Fun Are You Using Your nOodle? Pages Question of the Day - On this day in 1931, what 102-story, 1,046-foot building was dedicated in New York City? Empire State Building Bon Jovi sang "You Give Love a ____ Name". Bad Bing Crosby's real name was: Harry Which is the only Marx Brothers film to feature on the AFI's top 100? Duck Soup The Broadway show Movin' Out featured the songs of: Billy Joel The tagline "Die Harder" comes from which 1990 movie? Die Hard 2 Which film has the line, "I can't have a baby, because I have a 12:30 lunch meeting"? Baby Boom In An Affair to Remember, where did the lovers decide to meet six months later? New York Where do the scientists first find a mysterious monolith, in 2001: A Space Odyssey? The Moon Which actress stars in the film Mean Girls? Lindsay Lohan This horror classic is called: Invasion of the Body ________. Snatchers Whose real name is Eric Bishop? Jamie Foxx Who said: "Whether we bring our enemies to justice or bring justice to our enemies, justice will be done"? George W. Bush Bruce Springsteen says "Everybody's got ________". A hungry heart Who had the 1976 hit: "Play That Funky Music"? Wild Cherry Al Pacino and Matthew McConaughey starred in: Two for the Money In the "Rock DJ" video, what former Take That singer literally sheds layers of clothes and layers of flesh? Robbie Williams Which film is a love story between the King of Siam and a British schoolteacher? Anna and the King What former star of Broadway's Annie married Matthew Broderick, who starred in The Producers? Sarah Jessica Parker What was the last Beatles' album to be recorded before the band's split? Abbey Road Which actress' father is well-known actor Jon Voight? Angelina Jolie What was the name of Herman's wife on The Munsters? Lily On the TV series Heroes, the character Hiro Nakamura is able to: Stop time The music to the U.S. Navy song "Anchors Aweigh" was written by: Charles Zimmerman Talk show host Rosie O'Donnell changed hats to play which narrating character in "Seussical the Musical"? The Cat in the Hat All members of The Monkees have what same color of eyes? Brown The tagline, "Resistance is Futile", comes from which 1996 movie? Star Trek: First Contact One of the longest movie song titles, as sung by Julie Andrews in Mary Poppins, was: "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious" Who played Truman Capote in Capote? Philip Seymour Hoffman Which Scottish actor voiced a dragon called Draco in the movie Dragon Heart? Sean Connery Question of the Day - Willie Nelson turns 77 today. What is NOT one of his songs? Hit the Road, Jack Which character sings "Over the Rainbow" in The Wizard of Oz? Dorothy Finish this line from The Godfather: "Leave the gun. Take _________". The cannoli Name the ship commanded by Russell Crowe in Master and Commander. HMS Surprise In which of the Rocky movies was the statue of Rocky unveiled? Rocky III Where was the character Elijah Prince, aka "Mr. Glass", from Unbreakable born? A department store Who sang "When You Wish upon a Star" in the 1940 Walt Disney film Pinocchio? Jiminy Cricket What was the name of the woman Dustin Hoffman played in Tootsie? Dorothy Michaels What comedian actress shared Steve Martin's body in All of Me? Lily Tomlin Who played Starsky in the film Starsky and Hutch? Ben Stiller In 1995, what Irish New Age musician released the album The Memory of Trees? Enya Which best describes Kiefer Sutherland? Agent Jack Bauer on 24 Which Beatle sang "My Sweet Lord"? George Harrison In which movie does Kevin Bacon discover the secret of invisibility? Hollow Man Antonin Dvorak's most famous symphony is known as Z Noveho Sveta in his native language. What do we call it? From the New World Which actor played the monster in the original film of Frankenstein? Boris Karloff The movies Courage Under Fire and A Soldier's Story featured which actor? Denzel Washington Angela Lansbury was in which movie? Bedknobs and Broomsticks What film is showing at the Bedford Falls theater at the end of It's A Wonderful Life? The Bells of St. Mary's What sport is pla	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,656	Three Counties Radio covers Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire and which other county?	Beds, Herts & Bucks - BBC News BBC News A pedestrian dies after a fire engine responding to an emergency loses control and overturns. 19 January 2017 A man is cleared in connection with a woman's body found buried under rubble at his home. 19 January 2017 Three people are charged with murdering a 38-year-old man who died in a stabbing outside his home in Hertfordshire. 19 January 2017	Highclere Castle: As seen in the Downton Abbey TV series Highclere Castle: As seen in the Downton Abbey TV series Product code: 03D Home Out of London Highclere Castle: As seen in the Downton Abbey TV series Adult from Trip Itinerary Oxford Oxford, the city of dreaming spires, boasts one of the world’s greatest - and oldest - universities, as well as some of the finest architecture in Europe. The colleges themselves, which make up the university, are amongst the architectural highlights, their ivy-clad stone walls protecting beautiful chapels, halls and libraries. A walking tour of Oxford with our guide is included before some free time to grab a bite to eat. Why not try out a pub lunch at one of the many famous inns of Oxford. Bampton Next we head for the beautiful village of Bampton in Oxfordshire Bampton is the setting for exterior village scenes in the ITV series of Downton Abbey. Visit The Church; see Matthew Crawley's mother's house, the hospital, (series two) and current people's homes, which are transformed into the Post Office as well as various pubs. In the "hospital", which is the public library, there is also the Vesey room where the Bampton Archive is housed and various local exhibitions are set out. Downton memorabilia... Beautiful cards, prints and mugs (done by a local artist) as well as books of the filming are all on offer to purchase. Leaving Bampton we now head for Highclere Castle made famous by the Downton Abbey TV series. Highclere Castle - as seen in the Downton Abbey TV Series Built by Sir Charles Berry who also built the houses of Parliament, this is the countryseat of the Earls of Carnarvon. The tour of the Castle’s public rooms includes the magnificent public main hall, the library and sitting rooms in addition to other rooms featured in Downton Abbey. Why not spend some time enjoying the enjoying the parklands created by Lancelot “Capability” Brown who also designed the grounds of Blenheim Palace or indulge yourself with tea and cake at one of the tea rooms once you have finished touring the Castle. A signed copy of Lady Carnarvon's book will also be given to every customer on the tour. It makes for fascinating reading and is a unique souvenir to remember the day!! Departing Highclere Castle we head back to London and arrive back at approximately 7pm. Please note that the order of visit may change from time to time. Booking conditions: Once booked there are no refunds unless Premium Tours manages to re-sell the tour ticket. Doubletree by Hilton Kensington (formerly Regency Hotel) Express Holiday Inn Victoria Grande Royale London Hyde Park Grange Strathmore Hotel NOT AVAILABLE (Holiday Inn Kensington Forum) Normandie Hotel St. James Court, A Taj Hotel Strand Palace Victoria Coach Station (Gate 13-16) customer will confirm later	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,657	With what social reform is Elizabeth Fry associated?	Elizabeth Fry Elizabeth Fry Prison and Mental Asylum Reformer Elizabeth Fry. From Little Journeys To The Homes Of Famous Women, 1916 Known for: prison reform, reform of mental asylums, reform of convict ships to Australia Dates: May 21 , 1780 - October 12, 1845 Occupation: reformer Also Known as: Elizabeth Gurney Fry About Elizabeth Fry Elizabeth Fry was born in Norwich, England, into a well-off Quaker (Society of Friends) family. Her mother died when Elizabeth was young. The family practiced "relaxed" Quaker customs, but Elizabeth Fry began to practice a stricter Quakerism. At 17, inspired by the Quaker William Saveny, she put her religious faith into action by teaching poor children and visiting the sick among poor families. She practiced more plain dress, pain speech, and plain living. Marriage In 1800, Elizabeth Gurney married Joseph Fry, who was also a Quaker and, like her father, a banker and merchant. They had eight children between 1801 and 1812. In 1809, Elizabeth Fry began to speak at Quaker meeting and became a Quaker "minister." Visit to Newgate In 1813 came a key event in Elizabeth Fry's life: she was talked into visiting the women's prison in London, Newgate, where she observed women and their children in horrible conditions. continue reading below our video Test Your General Science Knowledge She didn't return to Newgate until 1816, having two more children int aht time, but she began working for reforms, including those that became themes for her: segregation of the sexes, female matrons for female prisoners, education, employment (often kitting and sewing), and religious instruction. Organizing for Reform In 1817, Elizabeth Fry began the Association for the Improvement of Female Prisoners, a group of twelve women who worked for these reforms. She lobbied authorities including Members of Parliament -- a brother-in-law was elected to Parliament in 1818 and became a supporter of her reforms. As a result, in 1818, she was called to testify before a Royal Commission, the first woman to so testify. Widening Circles of Reform Activism In 1819, with her brother Joseph Gurney, Elizabeth Fry wrote a report on prison reform. In the 1820s, she inspected prison conditions, advocated reforms and established more reform groups, including many with women members. By 1821, a number of women's reform groups came together as the British Ladies' Society for Promoting the Reformation of Female Prisoners. In 1822, Elizabeth Fry gave birth to her eleventh child. In 1823, prison reform legislation was finally introduced in Parliament. Elizabeth Fry in the 1830s Elizabeth Fry traveled extensively in western European countries in the 1830s advocating her preferred prison reform measures. By 1827, her influence had diminished. In 1835, Parliament enacted laws creating harsher prison policies instead, including hard labor and solitary confinement. Her last trip was to France in 1843. Elizabeth Fry died in 1845. More Reforms While Elizabeth Fry is known more for her prison reform activities, she was also active in investigating and proposing reforms for mental asylums. For more than 25 years, she visited every convict ship leaving for Australia, and promoted reform of the convict ship system. She worked for nursing standards and established a nursing school which influenced her distant relative, Florence Nightingale . She worked for the education of working women, for better housing for the poor including hostels for the homeless, and she founded soup kitchens. In 1845, after Elizabeth Fry died, two of her daughters published a two-volume memoir of their mother, with selections from her journals (44 handwritten volumes originally) and letters. It was more hagiography than biography. In 1918, Laura Elizabeth Howe Richards, daughter of Julia Ward Howe, published Elizabeth Fry, the Angel of the Prisons. In 2003, Elizabeth Fry's image was selected to appear on the English five pound note. More women's history biographies, by name:	abcagenda - September abcagenda SEPTEMBER 1 1666 - Great London Fire begins in Pudding Lane. 80% of London will end up being destroyed. 1843 - [N.S Sep. 13] Nadezhda Prokofievna Suslova (Надежда Прокофьевна Суслова; d. 1918), Ruaaia's first qualified female doctor, who was also a youthful revolutionary and one-time close friend of Fyodor Dostoyevsky (her sister Apollonia Suslova was Dostoyevsky's lover, born. [see: Sep. 13] 1845 - Félicien Bonnet (d. unknown), French carpenter and anarchist militant, born. [www.ephemanar.net/septembre01.html militants-anarchistes.info/spip.php?article9952] 1846 - Carlo Cafiero (d. 1892), Italian anarchist, member of the International and champion of Bakunin, born. [expand] [www.ephemanar.net/juillet17.html#17 www.fdca.it/storico/cafiero.htm www.panarchy.org/cafiero/scritti.html] 1853 - [N.S. Sep. 13] Sophia Lvovna Perovskaya (Russian: Со́фья Льво́вна Перо́вская; d. 1881), Russian revolutionary and prominent member of Narodnaya Volya (People's Will), who helped to organise the successful assassination of Tsar Alexander II of Russia, for which she was executed by hanging, born. [see: Sep. 13] 1855* - Teresa Fabbrini (Teresa Maria Anna Carolina Fabbrini Ballerini; b. 1855), Italian anarchist and feminist, who from a young age was distinguished both as a tireless propagandist of anarchist ideas and as a lecturer and writer in favour of anarchism and women's rights, born. She was also recognised by the police as playing an important role in anarchist propaganda circles, they also dismissed her in typical misogynistic terms as being a "woman of easy virtue". Amongst her most important works ii 'Dalla schiavitù alla libertà' (From slavery to freedom; 1904) [* NB: some sources give the date as August 1, 1855] [www.estelnegre.org/anarcoefemerides/0109.html www.24emilia.com/Sezione.jsp?titolo=Teresa+Fabbrini&idSezione=69930 bfscollezionidigitali.org/index.php/Detail/Object/Show/object_id/3948] 1856 - Joseph Jean-Baptiste Trenta (d. unknown), French maker of precision mechanical and optical instruments and anarchist militant, born. [www.ephemanar.net/septembre01.html militants-anarchistes.info/spip.php?article6013] 1869 - Julio Chavez Lopez (b. unknown), Mexican peasant and libertarian revolutionary propagandist, is captured by the army and shot in the courtyard of th Free and Modern School of Chaloco after being handed over to the police following 4 months of anarchist insurgency by a peasant army across Puebla and Veracruz. "I am a socialist because I am an enemy of all governments and communist because with my brothers we want to work the land in common". [www.ephemanar.net/septembre01.html sanfernandotlalpanmxico.blogspot.co.uk/2011/07/julio-chavez-lopez-1869.html] 1873 - The Sixth General Congress of the International Workingmen's Association opens in Geneva (Sept. 1-8). 1882 - Sara Bard Field (d. 1974), American poet, pacifist, suffragist, Christian socialist and anarchist sympathiser, born. Partner to philosophical anarchist Charles Erskine Scott Wood, her work appeared in the anarchist periodical 'The Blast' alongside that of C.E.S. Wood. [en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sara_Bard_Field content.cdlib.org/view?docId=kt1p3001n1&query=John C. Fremont&brand=calisphere loveradical.wordpress.com/luisa-capetillo-and-charles-erskine-scott-wood-free-love-and-the-state-at-the-turn-of-the-twentieth-century/ www.metroactive.com/metro/10.17.07/coverstory-0742.html www.ochcom.org/pdf/Tom-Clardy-poems.pdf] [B] 1887 - Blaise Cendrars (born Frédéric-Louis Sauser; d. 1961), Swiss Modernist novelist, amputee left-handed poet, adventurer, soldier, failed film director and an anarchist fellow-traveller who never fully committed himself to the movement, born. A poor student, he left school early and in 1904 was apprenticed to a Swiss watchmaker in Moscow, where he frequented Russian anarchist circles and was present during the 1905 Revolution. In 1912, he and the anarchist writer Emil Szittya, who owned a clandestine printing press, started the journal 'Les Hommes Nouveaux' (also the name of his press where he published h	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,658	What country did the Von Trapp family flee to?	The Real Story of the Von Trapp Family \| National Archives The Real Story of the Von Trapp Family Winter 2005, Vol. 37, No. 4 Movie vs. Reality: The Real Story of the von Trapp Family By Joan Gearin Maria von Trapp, photograph from her Declaration of Intention, dated January 21, 1944. (Records of District Courts of the United States, RG 21) I first saw the movie The Sound of Music as a young child, probably in the late 1960s. I liked the singing, and Maria was so pretty and kind! As I grew older, more aware of world history, and saturated by viewing the movie at least once yearly, I was struck and annoyed by the somewhat sanitized story of the von Trapp family it told, as well as the bad 1960s hairdos and costumes. "It's not historically accurate!" I'd protest, a small archivist in the making. In the early 1970s I saw Maria von Trapp herself on Dinah Shore's television show, and boy, was she not like the Julie Andrews version of Maria! She didn't look like Julie, and she came across as a true force of nature. In thinking about the fictionalized movie version of Maria von Trapp as compared to this very real Maria von Trapp, I came to realize that the story of the von Trapp family was probably something closer to human, and therefore much more interesting, than the movie led me to believe. Part of the story of the real von Trapp family can be found in the records of the National Archives. When they fled the Nazi regime in Austria, the von Trapps traveled to America. Their entry into the United States and their subsequent applications for citizenship are documented in the holdings of the National Archives and Records Administration. Maria von Trapp's certificate of arrival into Niagara Falls, NY, on December 30, 1942, authenticated that she arrived legally in the United States. (Records of District Courts of the United States, RG 21) Fact from Fiction While The Sound of Music was generally based on the first section of Maria's book The Story of the Trapp Family Singers (published in 1949), there were many alterations and omissions. Maria came to the von Trapp family in 1926 as a tutor for one of the children, Maria, who was recovering from scarlet fever, not as governess to all the children. Maria and Georg married in 1927, 11 years before the family left Austria, not right before the Nazi takeover of Austria. Maria did not marry Georg von Trapp because she was in love with him. As she said in her autobiography Maria, she fell in love with the children at first sight, not their father. When he asked her to marry him, she was not sure if she should abandon her religious calling but was advised by the nuns to do God's will and marry Georg. "I really and truly was not in love. I liked him but didn't love him. However, I loved the children, so in a way I really married the children. . . . [B]y and by I learned to love him more than I have ever loved before or after." The family was musically inclined before Maria arrived, but she did teach them to sing madrigals. Georg, far from being the detached, cold-blooded patriarch of the family who disapproved of music, as portrayed in the first half of The Sound of Music, was actually a gentle, warmhearted parent who enjoyed musical activities with his family. While this change in his character might have made for a better story in emphasizing Maria's healing effect on the von Trapps, it distressed his family greatly. The family did not secretly escape over the Alps to freedom in Switzerland, carrying their suitcases and musical instruments. As daughter Maria said in a 2003 interview printed in Opera News, "We did tell people that we were going to America to sing. And we did not climb over mountains with all our heavy suitcases and instruments. We left by train, pretending nothing." The von Trapps traveled to Italy, not Switzerland. Georg was born in Zadar (now in Croatia), which at that time was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Zadar became part of Italy in 1920, and Georg was thus an Italian citizen, and his wife and children as well. The family had a contract with an	Anne Frank - World War II - HISTORY.com Google Anne Frank’s Childhood Anne Frank was born Anneliese Marie Frank in Frankfurt, Germany, on June 12, 1929, to Edith Hollander Frank (1900-45) and Otto Frank (1889-1980), a prosperous businessman. Less than four years later, in January 1933, Adolf Hitler became chancellor of Germany and he and his Nazi government instituted a series of measures aimed at persecuting Germany’s Jewish citizens. Did You Know? In 1960, the building at Prinsengracht 263, home to the Secret Annex, opened to the public as a museum devoted to the life of Anne Frank. Her original diary is on display there. By the fall of 1933, Otto Frank moved to Amsterdam, where he established a small but successful company that produced a gelling substance used to make jam. After staying behind in Germany with her grandmother in the city of Aachen, Anne joined her parents and sister Margot (1926-45) in the Dutch capital in February 1934. In 1935, Anne started school in Amsterdam and earned a reputation as an energetic, popular girl. In May 1940, the Germans, who had entered World War II in September of the previous year, invaded the Netherlands and quickly made life increasingly restrictive and dangerous for Jewish people there. Between the summer of 1942 and September 1944, the Nazis and their Dutch collaborators deported more than 100,000 Jews in Holland to extermination camps. Anne Frank’s Family Goes into Hiding In early July 1942, after Margot Frank received a letter ordering her to report to a work camp in Germany, Anne Frank’s family went into hiding in an attic apartment behind Otto Frank’s business, located at Prinsengracht 263 in Amsterdam. In an effort to avoid detection, the family left a false trail suggesting they’d fled to Switzerland. A week after they had gone into hiding, the Franks were joined by Otto’s business associate Hermann van Pels (1898-1944), along with his wife Auguste (1900-45) and their son Peter (1926-45), who were also Jewish. A small group of Otto Frank’s employees, including his Austrian-born secretary, Miep Gies (1909-2010), risked their own lives to smuggle food, supplies and news of the outside world into the secret apartment, whose entrance was situated behind a movable bookcase. In November 1942, the Franks and Van Pels were joined by Fritz Pfeffer (1889-1944), Miep Gies’ Jewish dentist. Life for the eight people in the small apartment, which Anne Frank referred to as the Secret Annex, was tense. The group lived in constant fear of being discovered and could never go outside. They had to remain quiet during daytime in order to avoid detection by the people working in the warehouse below. Anne passed the time, in part, by chronicling her observations and feelings in a diary she had received for her 13th birthday, a month before her family went into hiding. Addressing her diary entries to an imaginary friend she called Kitty, Anne Frank wrote about life in hiding, including her impressions of the other inhabitants of the Secret Annex, her feelings of loneliness and her frustration over the lack of privacy. While she detailed typical teenage issues such as crushes on boys, arguments with her mother and resentments toward her sister, Frank also displayed keen insight and maturity when she wrote about the war, humanity and her own identity. She also penned short stories and essays during her time in hiding. The Franks are Captured by the Nazis On August 4, 1944, after 25 months in hiding, Anne Frank and the seven others in the Secret Annex were discovered by the Gestapo, the German secret state police, who had learned about the hiding place from an anonymous tipster (who has never been definitively identified). After their arrest, the Franks, Van Pels and Fritz Pfeffer were sent by the Gestapo to Westerbork, a holding camp in the northern Netherlands. From there, in September 1944, the group was transported by freight train to the Auschwitz-Birkenau extermination and concentration camp complex in German-occupied Poland. Anne and Margot Frank were spared immediate death in the Auschwi	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,659	Who once described Tarzan as a major influence on her childhood and said that she would be a much better spouse for him than his fictional wife, Jane? Naturally, she spent time around apes like him!	EDGAR RICE BURROUGHS Edgar Rice Burrough's photo portrait Edgar Rice Burroughs (ERB) was born on September the 1st 1875. He died on March the 19th 1950. Edgar was an American writer, best known for his creations of the jungle hero Tarzan (our favourite) and the heroic Mars adventurer John Carter, although he produced works in many genres. Burroughs, the son of a wealthy businessman, was educated at private schools in Chicago, at the prestigious Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts (from which he was expelled), and at Michigan Military Academy, where he subsequently taught briefly. He spent the years 1897 to 1911 in numerous unsuccessful jobs and business ventures in Chicago and Idaho. Eventually he settled in Chicago with a wife and three children when he began writing advertising copy and then turned to fiction. The story ï¿½"Under the Moons of Mars"ï¿½ appeared in serial form in the adventure magazine The All-Story in 1912 and was so successful that Burroughs turned to writing full-time. MINI BIO Burroughs was born on September 1, 1875, in Chicago, Illinois (he later lived for many years in the suburb of Oak Park), the fourth son of businessman and Civil War veteran Major George Tyler Burroughs (1833ï¿½1913) and his wife Mary Evaline (Zieger) Burroughs (1840ï¿½1920). His middle name is from his paternal grandmother, Mary Rice Burroughs (1802ï¿½ca. 70). Burroughs was educated at a number of local schools, and during the Chicago influenza epidemic in 1891, he spent a half year at his brother's ranch on the Raft River in Idaho. He then attended the Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, and then the Michigan Military Academy. Graduating in 1895, and failing the entrance exam for the United States Military Academy (West Point), he ended up as an enlisted soldier with the 7th U.S. Cavalry in Fort Grant, Arizona Territory. He was discharged in 1897 after he was diagnosed with a heart problem that made him ineligible to serve. POST MILITARY DISCHARGE After his discharge, Burroughs worked a number of different jobs. He drifted and worked on a ranch in Idaho. Then, Burroughs found work at his father's firm in 1899. He married his childhood sweetheart Emma Hulbert (1876-1944) in January 1900. In 1904, he left his job and worked less regularly, first in Idaho, then in Chicago. By 1911, after seven years of low wages, he was working as a pencil sharpener wholesaler and began to write fiction. By this time, Burroughs and Emma had two children, Joan (1908ï¿½72), who would later marry Tarzan film actor James Pierce, and Hulbert (1909ï¿½91). During this period, he had copious spare time and he began reading many pulp fiction magazines. In 1929 he recalled thinking that: "...if people were paid for writing rot such as I read in some of those magazines, that I could write stories just as rotten. As a matter of fact, although I had never written a story, I knew absolutely that I could write stories just as entertaining and probably a whole lot more so than any I chanced to read in those magazines." Burroughs divorced Emma in 1934, and in 1935 he married former actress Florence Gilbert Dearholt, the former wife of his friend, Ashton Dearholt. Burroughs adopting the Dearholts' two children. He and Florence divorced in 1942. Burroughs was in his late 60s and a resident of Hawaii at the time of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor . Despite his age, he applied for and received permission to become a war correspondent, becoming one of the oldest U.S. war correspondents during World War II . This period of his life is mentioned in William Brinkley's bestselling novel Don't Go Near the Water. After the war ended, Burroughs moved back to Encino, California , where, after many health problems, he died of a heart attack on March 19, 1950, having written almost 80 novels. The Science Fiction Hall of Fame inducted Burroughs in 2003. American film director Wes Anderson is Burroughs' great-grandson. LITERARY CAREER Aiming his work at the pulps,	James Pierce : definition of James Pierce and synonyms of James Pierce (English) 4 External links Early life/College/Early film career Big Jim Pierce, as he was known to family and friends, was an All-American center on the Indiana Hoosiers football team. Following his graduation in 1921, he coached high school football in Arizona , and began acting in his spare time. After he was cast in the 1923 production of The Deerslayer, he remained in California and coached football at Glendale High School (one of his players was John Wayne ). Portrayal of Tarzan Pierce's life changed when he attended a party given by Edgar Rice Burroughs and his daughter Joan. Burroughs, the creator and author of the Tarzan books, immediately wanted Pierce to star in the next Tarzan movie. Pierce gave up a role in the film Wings to accept the Tarzan role. His part in Wings was given to a newcomer named Gary Cooper . The silent Tarzan film Burroughs talked him into accepting was released in 1927 by RKO Radio Pictures , and entitled Tarzan and the Golden Lion . Marriage/Radio career/Later life Joan Burroughs and James Pierce married on Pierce's 28th birthday, August 8, 1928. From 1932 to 1934, James and Joan Pierce were the voices of Tarzan and Jane on national radio. They remained married until Joan's death in 1972. Both are buried in Shelbyville, Indiana, and their tombstones bear the inscriptions Tarzan and Jane. They had a daughter Joanne II Anselmo née Pierce (1930–2005) and a son James Michael Pierce (1935–1984). For many years, near the end of his life, Pierce attempted, to no avail, to find a print of Tarzan and the Golden Lion, which was thought lost. After his death, a copy was found in a foreign archive. Big Jim Pierce is also remembered for playing Prince Thun of the lion men in the 1936 movie serial Flash Gordon . He acted in small roles in several films, mostly westerns , through 1951, and worked in a lucrative real estate agency in the San Fernando Valley . He was an accomplished pilot, active during World War II with the National Airmen's Reserve , the forerunner of today's Air National Guard . External links	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,660	In 1949 who became the first post-WW2 World Heavyweight Boxing Champion?	Boxing Historian - Boxing History, facts, stats, prizefighters, history Heavyweight Champion of the World - 1937-1949 Record: 68 Wins, 3 Losses, 0 Draws - 54 KOs Joe Louis, an American Hero and Icon, is maybe the top fighter in boxing history. He made his professional debut in 1934 and rang up 68 victories, mostly by raining knee-buckling, withering blows while registering 54 knockout wins. During his long boxing career (1934-1951) Joe Louis lost just three bouts. His first loss came when he was just 22-years old and it made worldwide headline news in 1936, when he was knocked out by former heavyweight champion Max Schmeling of Germany and the Nazis equated Schmeling's win over Louis to a validation of Nazi superiority over democracy. One year later, Louis fought and knocked out James J. Braddock in the 8th round to become the champion of the world. In 1938, challenged by Nazi Germany, Louis responded and met Schmeling in a rematch in New York City. From the opening bell, Louis proceeded to deliver non-stop lefts-and-rights to Schmeling's head and knocked him out in the very first round - and free countries around the world celebrated the victory for democracy. After the second fight Joe Louis successfully defended his title by knocking out both Tony Galento in 1939 and Bill Conn in 1941. During World War II, Louis along with baseball legend Babe Ruth became heroes for their war efforts. Louis gave numerous inspirational speeches to the young men of America and helped the military with recruiting. After the war, in defense of his World Crown, Louis Nicknamed the 'Brown Bomber' met Billy Conn in a rematch, and kayoed him in the 8th round. Louis then beat Hall of Fame boxing great Jersey Joe Walcott twice in succession and then retired as Champion of the World after successfully defending his crown 25 times. In 1950, Joe Louis returned to the ring, but his comeback attempt resulted in just his second career loss - a 15-round decision to new champion Ezzard Charles. After knocking out Lee Savold in a none title bout, Louis, now 37-years old, was knocked out in the 8th round in a world championship match by Rocky Marciano in 1951 and Louis then retired permanently. He was elected to the Boxing Hall of Fame three years later. boxinghistorian.com Where There Is No Wood, The Fire Goes Out, So Where There Is No Talebearer, History Ceases Jake La Motta Middle Weight Champion of the World 1949-1950 Record: 83 Wins, 19 Losses, 4 Draws... 30 Kos An aggressive, street-style fighter, Jake La Motta whaled on his opponents with a series of hard punches and his fights with Sugar Ray Robinson all through the 1940s and early '50s created sensational headline news. He was the first fighter to beat Sugar Ray Robinson. Jake La Motta won the middleweight championship by scoring a 10-round TKO over Marcel Cerdan in 1949, and then defended his crown when he kayoed Laurent Dauthuille in '50, before losing to Sugar Ray Robinson in '51. Sugar Shane Mosley His pure physical skills enable him to reign as Welterweight Champion Professional Debut: Feb 11, 1993 Record: 36-0 including 33 Knockouts (record at the time) Born Sept/7/1971 in Lynwood, California USA April 1, 2001... by staff@boxinghistorian.com In Depth Analysis: Rates as one of the best ever lightweight and welterweight champion. Mosley's pure physical skills and counter-punching speed has stopped quite a few of his opponents 'dead in their tracks.' He's a brash performer a	Floyd Patterson is a former world heavyweight champion. Floyd Patterson Floyd Patterson (January 4, 1935 – May 11, 2006) was an American 2-time world heavyweight boxing champion. At 21, Patterson was then the youngest man to win the world heavyweight championship and, later, the first to regain it. He had a record of 55 wins 8 losses and 1 draw, with 40 wins by knockout. He won the gold medal at the 1952 Olympic Games as an amateur middleweight. Patterson carried his hands higher than most boxers, in front of his face. Sportswriters called Patterson’s style a “peek-a-boo” stance. After beating Tommy “Hurricane” Jackson in an elimination fight, Patterson faced light heavyweight champion Archie Moore on November 30, 1956, for the world heavyweight championship. He beat Moore by a knockout in five rounds, and became the youngest world heavyweight champion in history, at the age of 21 years and 10 months. He was the first Olympic gold medalist to win a professional heavyweight title. The fights against Liston Patterson lost his title to Liston on September 25, 1962 in Chicago, by a first-round knockout in front of 18,894 fans. The two fighters were a marked contrast. In the ring, Liston’s size and power proved too much for Patterson’s guile and agility. However Patterson did not use his speed to his benefit. According to Sports Illustrated writer Gilbert Rogin, Patterson didn’t punch enough and frequently tried to clinch with Liston . Liston battered Patterson with body shots and then shortened up and connected with two double hooks high on the head. The result at the time was the third-fastest knockout in boxing history . After being knocked out, Patterson left Comiskey Park in Chicago wearing dark glasses and a fake beard for the drive back to New York. After the fight questions were raised on whether or not the fight was fixed to set up a more lucrative rematch. Overnight Patterson seemed to lose his public support as a result of his swift knockout. The rematch was set for April 1963, however Liston injured his knee swinging a golf club and the fight was delayed to July 22, 1963. In Las Vegas that night Patterson attempted to become the first boxer to win the heavyweight title three times, but Liston once again knocked him out in the first round. Patterson lasted four seconds longer than in the first bout. The fight against Ali On November 22, 1965, in yet another attempt to be the first to win the world’s heavyweight title three times, Patterson lost by technical knockout at the end of the 12th round, in a bout in which Ali was clearly dominant. Ali called Patterson an “Uncle Tom” for refusing to call him Muhammad Ali , (Patterson continued to call him Cassius Clay) and for this outspokenness against Black Muslims. Instead of scoring a quick knockout, Ali mocked, humiliated and punished Patterson throughout the fight. Last fight before retirement Patterson lost a controversial 12-round decision to Jerry Quarry in 1967. Subsequently, in a third and final attempt at winning the title a third time, Patterson lost a controversial 15-round referee’s decision to Jimmy Ellis in Sweden despite breaking Ellis’ nose and scoring a disputed knockdown. Patterson continued on, however, defeating Oscar Bonavena in a close fight over ten rounds in early 1972. However, a final defeat by Muhammad Ali in a rematch for the North American Boxing Federation heavyweight title on September 20, 1972, convinced Patterson to retire at the age of 37. Photos of Floyd Patterson Floyd Patterson	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,661	Hamlet figures in which play?	Tell me about use of figures of speech in Hamlet, and give examples of different figures of speech from the play. \| eNotes Tell me about use of figures of speech in Hamlet, and give examples of different figures of speech from the play. lmetcalf \| High School Teacher \| (Level 3) Senior Educator Posted on March 6, 2011 at 1:24 AM A figure of speech is the use of language in a non-literal way, and the most common figures of speech are similes and metaphors. Also common are personification, metonymy, imagery, symbolism, and allusion. There are many other figures, but these are some of the most widely recognizable ones. Here are a few examples of figurative language found in the play, Hamlet. Simile: a stated comparison using like or as. In his first soliloquy in Act 1, Hamlet expresses his dismay at how his mother could go from being married to man as great as King Hamlet to being married to man who is so much less than that. He makes a rather complicated comparison to express the extreme difference between the two men. He says, "My father's brother, but no more like my father / Than I to Hercules." He is saying that Claudius is no more like King Hamlet than Hamlet is like Hercules. Metaphor: an implied comparison between unalike things. When Hamlet is expressing his disgust with his mother's marriage to Claudius, he compares this corruption of the state of Denmark to a garden. He says, "'Tis an unweeded garden that grows to seed; things rank and gross in nature possess it merely." Personification: assigning human qualities or abilities to a non-human thing. Horatio describes the dawn with the words, "the morn, in russet mantle clad, / Walks o'er the dew of you high eastern hill." Clearly, the rising sun and the morning cannot wear a coat or actually, walk -- but the line describes the color and the movement of the sun at early dawn. Symbolism: using a actual thing to represent an idea In Ophelia's display of crazy behavior in Act 4 she hands out various flowers to Claudius, Gertrude and her brother. In her speech to tells each receiver what each flower symbolizes. For examples she gives Laertes pansies and says "that for thoughts." Pansies were used a symbol of remembrance in the time of Shakespeare. She hands Claudius the flower rue and tells him it is called "herb of grace o' Sundays." Rue was a flower associated with repentance that could achieved through Grace with reconcillation. Metonymy: using something associated with the thing to represent the whole of the thing. In Act 3, after the "get thee to a nunnery scene," Ophelia comments and Hamlet changed behavior and thinks he has truly lost his mind. She states "O, what a noble mind is here o'erthrown! / The courtier's, soldier's, scholar's eye, tongue, sword ... [is] quite down." She names three aspects of Hamlet's character and then references three things associated with those descriptions -- Hamlet is a soldier (reference to the sword); Hamlet is a courtier (reference to the tongue); Hamlet is a scholar (reference to the eye). Also -- all references to the throne are not referring the chair, but the King of Denmark who is associated with the throne. Imagery: language used to appeal to any of the senses There are examples all throughout the text where Shakespeare uses descriptive language to clarify the scene. One example is when Marcellus states that the arrival of the ghost suggests that something is "rotten in the state of Denmark." This could be a image to draw on the sense of sight and smell. Allusion: a reference to something historical or literary In Act 1, Horatio is comparing the arrival of the ghost to some of the omens that occurred before the assassination of Julius Caesar "in the palmy state of Rome." like 1 dislike 0	Shakespeare's Plays Shakespeare's Plays Before the publication of the First Folio in 1623, nineteen of the thirty-seven plays in Shakespeare's canon had appeared in quarto format. With the exception of Othello (1622), all of the quartos were published prior to the date of Shakespeare's retirement from the theatre in about 1611. It is unlikely that Shakespeare was involved directly with the printing of any of his plays, although it should be noted that two of his poems, Venus and Adonis and The Rape of Lucrece were almost certainly printed under his direct supervision. Here you will find the complete text of Shakespeare's plays, based primarily on the First Folio, and a variety of helpful resources, including extensive explanatory notes, character analysis, source information, and articles and book excerpts on a wide range of topics unique to each drama. Tragedies The story of Mark Antony, Roman military leader and triumvir, who is madly in love with Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt. Earliest known text: First Folio (1623). Coriolanus (1607-1608) The last of Shakespeare's great political tragedies, chronicling the life of the mighty warrior Caius Marcius Coriolanus. Earliest known text: First Folio (1623). Hamlet (1600-1601) Since its first recorded production, Hamlet has engrossed playgoers, thrilled readers, and challenged actors more so than any other play in the Western canon. No other single work of fiction has produced more commonly used expressions . Earliest known text: Quarto (1603). Although there were earlier Elizabethan plays on the subject of Julius Caesar and his turbulent rule, Shakespeare's penetrating study of political life in ancient Rome is the only version to recount the demise of Brutus and the other conspirators. Earliest known text: First Folio (1623). The story of King Lear, an aging monarch who decides to divide his kingdom amongst his three daughters, according to which one recites the best declaration of love. Earliest known text: Quarto (1608). Macbeth (1605-1606) Macbeth is one of Shakespeare's most stimulating and popular dramas. Renaissance records of Shakespeare's plays in performance are scarce, but a detailed account of an original production of Macbeth has survived, thanks to Dr. Simon Forman . Earliest known text: First Folio (1623). Othello (1604-1605) Othello, a valiant Moorish general in the service of Venice, falls prey to the devious schemes of his false friend, Iago. Earliest known text: Quarto (1622). Celebrated for the radiance of its lyric poetry, Romeo and Juliet was tremendously popular from its first performance. The sweet whispers shared by young Tudor lovers throughout the realm were often referred to as "naught but pure Romeo and Juliet." Earliest known text: Quarto (1597). Written late in Shakespeare's career, Timon of Athens is criticized as an underdeveloped tragedy, likely co-written by George Wilkins or Cyril Tourneur. Read the play and see if you agree. Earliest known text: First Folio (1623). Titus Andronicus (1593-1594) A sordid tale of revenge and political turmoil, overflowing with bloodshed and unthinkable brutality. The play was not printed with Shakespeare credited as author during his lifetime, and critics are divided between whether it is the product of another dramatist or simply Shakespeare's first attempt at the genre. Earliest known text: Quarto (1594). Histories One of Shakespeare's most popular plays, featuring the opportunistic miscreant, Sir John Falstaff. Earliest known text: Quarto (1598). This is the third play in the second tetralogy of history plays, along with Richard II, Henry IV, Part 1, and Henry V. Earliest known text: Quarto (1600). Henry V is the last in the second tetralogy sequence. King Henry is considered Shakespeare's ideal monarch. Earliest known text: Quarto (1600). The first in Shakespeare's trilogy about the War of the Roses between the houses of Lancaster and York. Earliest known text: First Folio (1623). Part two of Shakespeare's chronicle play. Based on Hall's work, the play contains some historical inaccuracies. Earli	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,662	Which metal has the chemical symbol Mg	Magnesium»the essentials [WebElements Periodic Table] Magnesium tarnishes slightly in air, and finely divided magnesium readily ignites upon heating in air and burns with a dazzling white flame. Normally magnesium is coated with a layer of oxide, MgO, that protects magnesium from air and water. Magnesium: historical information Magnesium was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1755 at England. Origin of name : from the Greek word "Magnesia", a district of Thessaly. In 1618 a farmer at Epsom in England attempted to give his cows water from a well. This they refused to drink because of the water's bitter taste. However the farmer noticed that the water seemed to heal scratches and rashes. The fame of Epsom salts spread. Eventually they were recognised to be magnesium sulphate, MgSO4. Black recognized magnesium as an element in 1755. It was isolated by Davy in 1808 who electrolysed a mixture of magnesia (magnesium oxide, MgO) and mercuric oxide (HgO). Davy's first suggestion for a name was magnium but the name magnesium is now used. Sometime prior to the autumn of 1803, the Englishman John Dalton was able to explain the results of some of his studies by assuming that matter is composed of atoms and that all samples of any given compound consist of the same combination of these atoms. Dalton also noted that in series of compounds, the ratios of the masses of the second element that combine with a given weight of the first element can be reduced to small whole numbers (the law of multiple proportions). This was further evidence for atoms. Dalton's theory of atoms was published by Thomas Thomson in the 3rd edition of his System of Chemistry in 1807 and in a paper about strontium oxalates published in the Philosophical Transactions. Dalton published these ideas himself in the following year in the New System of Chemical Philosophy. The symbol used by Dalton for magnesium is shown below. [See History of Chemistry, Sir Edward Thorpe, volume 1, Watts & Co, London, 1914.] Magnesium around us Read more » Magnesium is an important element for plants and animals. Chlorophylls (responsible for the green colour of plants) are compounds knonw as porphyrins and are based upon magnesium. Magnesium is required for the proper working of some enzymes. The adult daily requirement of magnesium is about 0.3 g day-1. Magnesium is the eighth most abundant element in the earth's crust but is never found as the free metal. There are many minerals containing magnesium including magnesite and dolomite. Sea water also contains plenty of magnesium. Abundances for magnesium in a number of different environments. More abundance data » Location Second ionisation energy : 1450.7 kJ mol‑1 Isolation Isolation : magnesium can be made commercially by several processes and would not normally be made in the laboratory because of its ready availability. There are massive amounts of magnesium in seawater. This can be recovered as magnesium chloride, MgCl2 through reaction with calcium oxide, CaO. CaO + H2O → Ca2+ + 2OH- Mg2+ + 2OH- → Mg(OH)2 Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + 2H2O Electrolysis of hot molten MgCl2 affords magnesium as a liquid whih is poured off and chlorine gas. cathode: Mg2+(l) + 2e- → Mg anode: Cl-(l) → 1/2Cl2 (g) + e- The other methos used to produce magnesium is non electrolytic and involves dolomite, [MgCa(CO3)2], an important magnesium mineral. This is "calcined" by heating to form calcined dolomite, MgO.CaO, and this reacted with ferrosilicon alloy. 2[MgO.CaO] + FeSi → 2Mg + Ca2SiO4 + Fe The magnesium may be distilled out from this mixture of products. Magnesium isotopes	Magnesium \| Gravity Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia Template:Infobox magnesium Magnesium (pronounced /mæɡˈniːziəm/ , Template:Respell ) is a chemical element with the symbol Mg, atomic number 12 and common oxidation number +2. It is an alkaline earth metal and the eighth most abundant element in the Earth's crust, where it constitutes about 2% by mass, [1] and ninth in the known Universe as a whole. [2] [3] This preponderance of magnesium is related to the fact that it is easily built up in supernova stars from a sequential addition of three helium nuclei to carbon (which in turn is made from three helium nuclei). Magnesium ion's high solubility in water helps ensure that it is the third most abundant element dissolved in seawater . [4] Magnesium is the 11th most abundant element by mass in the human body; its ions are essential to all living cells, where they play a major role in manipulating important biological polyphosphate compounds like ATP , DNA , and RNA . Hundreds of enzymes thus require magnesium ions in order to function. Magnesium is also the metallic ion at the center of chlorophyll , and is thus a common additive to fertilizers. [5] Magnesium compounds are used medicinally as common laxatives, antacids (i.e., milk of magnesia ), and in a number of situations where stabilization of abnormal nerve excitation and blood vessel spasm is required (i.e., to treat eclampsia ). Magnesium ions are sour to the taste, and in low concentrations help to impart a natural tartness to fresh mineral waters. The free element (metal) is not found naturally on Earth, as it is highly reactive (though once produced, is coated in a thin layer of oxide—see passivation —which partly masks this reactivity). The free metal burns with a characteristic brilliant white light, making it a useful ingredient in flares. The metal is now mainly obtained by electrolysis of magnesium salts obtained from brine . Commercially, the chief use for the metal is as an alloying agent to make aluminium -magnesium alloys, sometimes called " magnalium " or "magnelium". Since magnesium is less dense than aluminium, these alloys are prized for their relative lightness and strength. Contents Edit Elemental magnesium is a fairly strong, silvery-white, light-weight metal (two thirds the density of aluminium). It tarnishes slightly when exposed to air, although unlike the alkali metals , storage in an oxygen-free environment is unnecessary because magnesium is protected by a thin layer of oxide which is fairly impermeable and hard to remove. Like its lower periodic table group neighbor calcium , magnesium reacts with water at room temperature, though it reacts much more slowly than calcium. When it is submerged in water, hydrogen bubbles will almost unnoticeably begin to form on the surface of the metal, though if powdered it will react much more rapidly. The reaction will occur faster with higher temperatures (see precautions). Magnesium also reacts exothermically with most acids, such as hydrochloric acid (HCl). As with aluminium, zinc and many other metals, the reaction with hydrochloric acid produces the chloride of the metal and releases hydrogen gas. Magnesium is a highly flammable metal, but while it is easy to ignite when powdered or shaved into thin strips, it is difficult to ignite in mass or bulk. Once ignited, it is difficult to extinguish, being able to burn in nitrogen (forming magnesium nitride ), carbon dioxide (forming magnesium oxide and carbon ) and water (forming magnesium oxide and hydrogen). This property was used in incendiary weapons used in the firebombing of cities in World War II , the only practical civil defense being to smother a burning flare under dry sand to exclude the atmosphere. On burning in air, magnesium produces a brilliant white light. Thus magnesium powder ( flash powder ) was used as a source of illumination in the early days of photography . Later, magnesium ribbon was used in electrically ignited flash bulbs. Magnesium powder is used in the manufacture of fireworks and marine flares where a brilliant white light is re	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,663	The Seychelles gained independence from which country in 1976?	Africa Africa Ascension is a part of the UK as a dependency of Saint Helena . Botswana was a Crown Colony until 1966. Besides English, Setswana is the other official language, and Bantu is spoken as well. Cameroon was a Crown Colony until 1961. English and French are the two official languages, plus 24 major African language groups exist here. The Gambia gained independence from Britain in 1965, English is the official language but Mandinka, Wolof, Fulani and other indigenous vernaculars are spoken. Ghana became an independent country from the UK in 1957. English is the official, but African languages (Akan, Moshi-Dagomba, Ewe and G�) are native. Lesotho was a protectorate until 1966. Sesotho is official besides English, and Zulu and Xhosa are other important languages. Liberia is the country where liberated slaves from the US were settled from 1822. It has been an independent country since 1847. English is the native tongue of about the 96% of the population, and 20 local languages from the Niger-Congo language group are spoken. Malawi was a protectorate until 1964. The two official languages are English and Chichewa. Mauritius became independent from Britain in 1968. English is official, but Creole, French, Hindi, Urdu, Hakka and Bojpoori are spoken. Namibia used to belong to South Africa . Its final independence was gained in 1990. Although English is the official language, it is spoken only by 10% of the population. Afrikaans is the language of 60%, and German and some indigenous languages like Oshivambo, Herero and Nama are spoken. Nigeria was a Crown Colony until 1960. English is official and spoken as a first language by about 50% of the population (that is 44,000,000 people). The other native languages are Hausa, Yoruba, Ibo and Fulani. Saint Helena is a dependent territory of the UK , English is the native language. Seychelles gained independence in 1976. English, French and Creole are all official, and English is the first language of about the 2% of the population (2000 people). Sierra Leone was a dependency of Britain until 1961. English is official, but regular use is limited to minority. Mende, Temne and Krio are native languages. South Africa : The two main official languages are English and Afrikaans, plus other nine languages including Ndebele, Pedi, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa and Zulu. English is the first language of only 10% of the population: about 3,000,000 people.	Silvergate Prep Jeopardy Template 100 Princess Peach In video gaming, what is the name of the princess whom Mario repeatedly stops Bowser from kidnapping? 100 What does Woody from Toy Story have in his boot? 100 We just set a goal, talkin' matchin' Lambos 100 what is the hottest planet 100 Who was the second president of the United States? 200 What Nintendo system was released after the N64 and before the Wii 200 What animals portray surfer dudes in Finding Nemo? 200 Chains Nick jonas I gave all my heart but she won't heal my soul She tasted a break and I can't get more 200 All land-dwelling living things depend upon what source of energy 200 Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? 300 What color is the ring of death on an Xbox that signifies a hardware failure? 300 Which Princess is in the Disney classic Aladdin? 300 Drake best i ever had Cause she hold me down every time I hit her up When I get right I promise that we gone live it up 300 The only planet that has a day longer than its year is ... 300 What did "prohibition" outlaw in the early 1900s? 400 In Mortal Kombat, what phrase is heard when scorpion uses his spear. 400 Which film does Eddie Murphy do the voice-over for a red Chinese dragon? 400 Beyonce irreplaceable Because you was untrue Rollin' her around in the car that I bought you Baby drop them keys Hurry up before your taxi leaves 400 Who was the first American to Orbit the Earth 400 Who allied with America during the Revolutionary war 500 The legend of Zelda Which 1986 Nintendo game is set in the fantasy land of Hyrule, and centres on a boy named Link? 500 Name the rock on which Simba will stand as King in Lion King 500 I want it that way Backstreet Boys Tell me why Ain't nothin' but a heartache Tell me why Ain't nothin' but a mistake Tell me why	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,664	What is the extramarital dating website whose subscription list was hacked in July 2015?	Online Cheating Site AshleyMadison Hacked — Krebs on Security In a long manifesto posted alongside the stolen ALM data, The Impact Team said it decided to publish the information in response to alleged lies ALM told its customers about a service that allows members to completely erase their profile information for a $19 fee . According to the hackers, although the “full delete” feature that Ashley Madison advertises promises “removal of site usage history and personally identifiable information from the site,” users’ purchase details — including real name and address — aren’t actually scrubbed. “Full Delete netted ALM $1.7mm in revenue in 2014. It’s also a complete lie,” the hacking group wrote. “Users almost always pay with credit card; their purchase details are not removed as promised, and include real name and address, which is of course the most important information the users want removed.” Their demands continue: “Avid Life Media has been instructed to take Ashley Madison and Established Men offline permanently in all forms, or we will release all customer records, including profiles with all the customers’ secret sexual fantasies and matching credit card transactions, real names and addresses, and employee documents and emails. The other websites may stay online.” A snippet of the message left behind by the Impact Team. It’s unclear how much of the AshleyMadison user account data has been posted online. For now, it appears the hackers have published a relatively small percentage of AshleyMadison user account data and are planning to publish more for each day the company stays online. “Too bad for those men, they’re cheating dirtbags and deserve no such discretion,” the hackers continued. “Too bad for ALM, you promised secrecy but didn’t deliver. We’ve got the complete set of profiles in our DB dumps, and we’ll release them soon if Ashley Madison stays online. And with over 37 million members, mostly from the US and Canada, a significant percentage of the population is about to have a very bad day, including many rich and powerful people.” ALM CEO Biderman declined to discuss specifics of the company’s investigation, which he characterized as ongoing and fast-moving. But he did suggest that the incident may have been the work of someone who at least at one time had legitimate, inside access to the company’s networks — perhaps a former employee or contractor. “We’re on the doorstep of [confirming] who we believe is the culprit, and unfortunately that may have triggered this mass publication,” Biderman said. “I’ve got their profile right in front of me, all their work credentials. It was definitely a person here that was not an employee but certainly had touched our technical services.” As if to support this theory, the message left behind by the attackers gives something of a shout out to ALM’s director of security. “Our one apology is to Mark Steele (Director of Security),” the manifesto reads. “You did everything you could, but nothing you could have done could have stopped this.” Several of the leaked internal documents indicate ALM was hyper aware of the risks of a data breach. In a Microsoft Excel document that apparently served as a questionnaire for employees about challenges and risks facing the company, employees were asked “In what area would you hate to see something go wrong?” Trevor Stokes, ALM’s chief technology officer, put his worst fears on the table: “Security,” he wrote. “I would hate to see our systems hacked and/or the leak of personal information.” In the wake of the AdultFriendFinder breach, many wondered whether AshleyMadison would be next. As the Wall Street Journal noted in a May 2015 brief titled “ Risky Business for AshleyMadison.com ,” the company had voiced plans for an initial public offering in London later this year with the hope of raising as much as $200 million. “Given the breach at AdultFriendFinder, investors will have to think of hack attacks as a risk factor,” the WSJ wrote. “And given its business’s reliance on confidentiality, prospective AshleyMadison investors should ho	Poll system, 2 new trivia lists · Twentysix26/Red-DiscordBot@9ce74b6 · GitHub 75 trivia/2015.txt @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ +In China in 2015 the record for the longest mating session between two giant pandas was broken at?`18 minutes`18 mins +Ford claimed to launch the first 'e-(What?)' at the 2015 Mobile World Congress Show?`Bike +A 2015 intensive listening study discovered that giraffes actually?`Hum +Name the last US president to meet the leader of Cuba before Barack Obama did in 2015?`Eisenhower +Jay Z and Beyonce launched a music streaming service in 2015 called? `Tidal +At auction in 2015, $1.2m was paid for Don McLean's original handrwitten lyrics for which 1971 big hit song? `American Pie +In 2015 what global contest ruled against the use of swimsuits for its 114 competitors, for the first time since 1951 inception? `Miss World +Which vast tech corporation opened its first 'Nest' branded intelligent home store in Palo Alto California in 2015?`Google +In 2015 Japan lowered its voting age to what?`18`eighteen +The abbreviation MERS, significantly impacting South Korea 2015, is otherwise known as?`Camel Flu +Christian is the lead character in the film 2015 adaptation of what extraordinarily successful book?`Fifty Shades of Grey`50 shades of grey +Who stepped down as chief of 21st Century Fox in 2015?`Rupert Murdoch`murdoch +In 2015 a new North Korean schools curriculum reportedly included that leader Kim Jong-un learnt to drive at age?`3`three +Which car company launched the Avensis model in 2015?`Toyota +In 2015 evidence of water was found on which planet?`Mars +Which 'BRIC' country launched the Astrosat space lab in 2015?`India +Who won the 2015 men's tennis French Open?`Stan Warwinka`warwinka +What company launched the S6 Edge smartphone?`Samsung +Which leading professional networking tech corporation, whose main revenue is selling user access/details to recruiters, bought the Lynda learning company for $1.5bn in 2015?`Linkedin`linked in +'Dismaland' was the temporary theme park/exhibition of which famous 'anonymous' artist?`Banksy +Matthais Muller was made chief of which troubled car company in 2015?`Volkswagen`vw +In 2015 the World Anti-Doping Agency suggested banning which nation from the 2016 Olympics?`Russia +The game of Monopoly celebrated what anniversary in 2015?`eighty`80`80th +Name the Princess born 4th in succession to the British throne in 2015, to Britain's Duke and Duchess of Cambridge?`Charlotte +The 2015 Mad Max movie is sub-titled?`Fury Road`mad max: fury road`mad max fury road +The Magna Carta, signed in London, and inspiring constitutional rights globally thereafter, was how many years old in 2015?`eight hundred`800 +In 2015 the Sinabug volcano erupted in what country?`Indonesia +Olav Bjortmont became 2015 world champion in?`Quizzing`quiz +Lars Lokke led his centre-right party to 2015 government election victory in what country?`Denmark +Blackberry's new phone for 2015 was called the...?`Priv +Facebook's new music sharing/streaming feature launched in 2015 was called "Music... "?`Stories +Eddie Jones was appointed head coach of which English sporting team in 2015?`Rugby Union`rugby +According to 2015 survey what fruit was most popular among USA children?`Apples`apple +Celebrity chef Gordon Ramsey celebrated what birthday in 2015?`49`fourty-nine`fourty nine`49th +Jon Snow was killed off in what TV series in 2015, adapted from GRR Martin's 'A Song of Ice and Fire'?`Game of Thrones +Finance minister Yanis Yaroufakis caused comment for not wearing a tie in February 2015 when negotiating the debts for which nation?`Greece +What nation hosted the 2015 Women's World (soccer) Cup?`Canada +What iconic equine-alluding company, in countless books/films/cowboy holsters, filed for bankruptcy in 2015?`Colt +Due to a 2015 contamination scandal in India/Afica, which corporation destroyed 400 million packets of Maggi noodles?`Nestle +How many years old was the McDonalds fast food company in 2015?`60`sixty +It was announced in 2015 that Alexander Hamilton would be replaced on?`$10 bill`$10`tendollars`ten dollar bill`ten	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,665	What nationality was tennis player Yvon Petra? In 1946 he became the first man to win the Men's Singles Title at Wimbledon since World War II when he beat Geoff Brown of Australia.	The FunBoxs Biggest Quiz Ever .. \| Page 2 \| Orphelia's FunBox 2 Main forum \| Guild Forums \| Gaia Online Orphelia's FunBox 2 Main forum Posted: Fri Aug 02, 2013 6:36 pm 6501..In fashion correspondent and bar are types of what item? 6502..Artemis is Greek Goddess of what - only one among all Gods? 6503..25% of the adult male population of the UK are what? 6504..Churchill, Iroquois, Owen and Smiths are all what? 6505..A company called Symbol owns patent to what common item? 6506..What can you find on California's Mount Cook? 6507..Fescue, Foxtail, Ruppia and Quitch are types of what? 6508..In the twelve labours of Hercules what did he do third? 6509..In Heraldry what symbol is a lymphad? 6510..What job links Paul Clifford, Claude Duval, Capt. Macheath? 6511..Whose cases were Empty House Copper Beeches Black Peter? 6512..Which King is known as The Suicide King? 6513..In Costa Rica and El Salvador you spend what? 6514..In the Christmas song your true love gave you give eight what? 6515..Name the Capital of the Ukraine? 6516..What was the name of the dog in Peter Pan? 6517..UK football Derby County home the Baseball Ground nickname? 6518..Every 12 seconds in USA someone does what in a Holiday Inn? 6519..Who rode a horse called Lamri? 6520..Which stringed instrument is blown to produce sound? 6521..Bear, Bird, Goat, Eagle, Swan and Rabbit what links in Ireland? 6522..Hera in Greece Juno in Rome Goddesses of what? 6523..In Japan what is an obi? 6524..Honi soit qui mal y pence is the motto of what organisation? 6525..What is unusual about The lake of Monteith in Scotland? 6526..Which tree is sacred to Apollo (Daphne changed into one)? 6527..Who wrote The Dong with the Luminous Nose and The Jumblies? 6528..What are Blur Crow, Brimstone, Owl and Ringlet types of? 6529..The liquor Curacao is flavoured with what? 6530..In French legend who is the lover of Abelard? 6531..If a male a** is a Jackass what is a female called? 6532..What are Luster, Moreen, Mungo and Nankeen types of? 6533..In George Orwell's Animal Farm what type of animal was Muriel? 6534..In London what links Lambeth, St James and Westminster? 6535..What does an icthyophage do? 6536..Oswestry founded in 1407 is Britain's oldest what? 6537..In mythology who married the beautiful maid Galatea? 6538..In Bradshaws you would find information about what? 6539..The Romans called it Mamcunium what is this English city? 6540..Shakespeare wrote Cruel only to be kind in what play? 6541..Traditional 7 Seas N S Atlantic N S Pacific Arctic Antarctic?? 6542..Launfal, Pelleas and Tristram were part of what group? 6543..Who wrote the humorous books on One Upmanship? 6544..Greek Roman Apollo Babylonian Marduk Indian Vishnu gods?? 6545..Which English King rode a horse called White Surrey? 6546..Billycock, Wideawake, Gibus and Mitre all types of what? 6547..Quilp (A Dwarf) is a character in which Dickens novel? 6548..What word can be added to Fae, Fen, Bil, Goose to make fruit? 6549..Caracul, Dorset, Urial, Mufflon and Jacobs are types of what? 6550..What are Strength, Chariot and Hermit? 6551..Belly, Block, Blout, Nut, Rib and waist are all parts of what? 6552..Mauna Loa, Paricutin, Surtsey and Susya are all what? 6553..Which countries leader was an extra in Hollywood? 6554..BOZ was the penname if which writer? 6555..What bird is sometimes called the Yaffle? 6556..What organisation is known as the Society of Friends? 6557..Balein, Boops, Fin, Grampus and Pothead are types of what? 6558..The Ten Commandments what was number four? 6559..Who wrote the play Androcles and the Lion? 6560..What country was ruled by the Schleswig-Holstein dynasty? 6561..In France what take place at Auteuil, Saint-Cloud and Chantilly? 6562..A Tiercel is the correct name for a male what? 6563..An algophile loves what? 6564..Who is the Roman Goddess of invention and wisdom? 6565..What would you do with a celesta? 6566..What would you do if someone gave you a Twank? 6567..What is the subject of the reference book Janes? 6568..Which spice comes in hands? 6569..What would you expect to see at Santa Pod? 6570..What doe	Tennis – ‘the golden age’ of the 1960s–70s and beyond \| australia.gov.au Tennis – ‘the golden age’ of the 1960s–70s and beyond Tennis – ‘the golden age’ of the 1960s–70s and beyond Mark Woodforde, Doubles Champion 1989–2000 Australians dominated world tennis in the 1950s and 1960s in major events known as Grand Slam tournaments: the Australian, French and United States Open, and Wimbledon in the UK. This period was known as the ‘golden age’ of Australian tennis. In the 1960s, men's tennis open titles were dominated by six Australian men: Rod Laver, Roy Emerson, John Newcombe, Tony Roche, Ken Rosewall, and Fred Stolle. Between 1961 and 1970, Australian men's tennis champions won at least one Open Singles title every year at either Wimbledon or the French or US Opens, as well as the Australian Open titles. In men's tennis, the golden age culminated in 1969 with Rod Laver's second Grand Slam win, as well as four major titles in the same year. Margaret Court, courtesy of Australian Open In 1970, Margaret Court also completed the Grand Slam. Court is one of only three women ever to win four international tennis open titles in one year. Indigenous player Evonne Goolagong Cawley was also a strong force in women's tennis in Australia in the 1970s with wins at Wimbledon, the French and the Australian Opens. The ‘golden age’ for Australian tennis players declined from 1969 when amateur players were joined by professionals. Also by the 1980s, the Australian Open synchronised its dates to begin in January in line with the European, UK and USA players events schedule, which greatly widened the pool of players. Yet even following the decline of Australia's dominance in the Grand Slam tournaments, tennis remained popular in urban areas and the Australian Open grows in popularity as a spectator sport. Early tennis development 1900s–1950s The golden age of Australian tennis was built on the early successes of both men's and women's tennis with Grand Slam tournament winners: Norman Brookes in the 1900s to 1919, Jack Crawford in the early 1930s, and Harry Hopman from 1929–39. This was in tandem with the consistent wins and popularity of women's tennis from the 1920s to the 1950s. Daphne Akhurst reached the Wimbledon final in 1925 and won the Doubles in 1928. From the1930s to the 1950s, Nancy Bolton got to the USA Singles Open and won other titles with her doubles partner, Thelma Long. Bolton was ranked No.4 in 1947 and stayed in that position until 1949. This series of wins in the amateur Grand Slam tournament titles of the 1940s and 1950s was made possible by extensive community and industry support, and investment in the development and administration of amateur tennis players. Harry Hopman, courtesy of Australian Open Harry Hopman was a captain turned coach of 22 Australian Davis Cup teams between 1939 and 1967. As coach Hopman guided Australian male tennis players to 15 Davis Cup victories in 20 years. Ken Rosewall, Frank Sedgeman, John Bromwich, Evonne Goolagong Cawley, Lew Hoad and Margaret Smith Court were all either trained by Harry Hopman or managed by Nell Hopman. ( The Hopman Era: Australia on the Rise) Amateurs, tennis community and industry in the 1960s By 1969 the game started to change. Professional players were invited to join the amateurs at the Grand Slam tournaments and prize money was offered for the first time, different tennis court surfaces and different game strategies emerged, and metal racquets were introduced. Professional versus amateur In 1969, the Australian Open Championships became 'open' to amateurs and professionals. This followed in the footsteps of the French Open, Roland Garros, Wimbledon, UK, and the USA Open. Rod Laver returned to win his second grand slam in 1969. The advantages to amateur Australian champions who had enjoyed the riches of the Davis Cup endorsements soon disappeared with the advent of ‘open’ tennis. The end of the golden age was seen in the average age of the Davis Cup team, which was 35 years. It was another 18 years until Pat Cash, another Australian man, won the men's singles titl	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,666	What was the tallest man-made structure before the completion of the Eiffel Tower?	BUILDING BIG: Databank: Eiffel Tower Materials: Wrought iron Engineer(s): Gustave Eiffel The Eiffel Tower, built in commemoration of the French Revolution, was the tallest building in the world when it was unveiled at the Paris World's Fair in 1889. Although it has been surpassed in height by nearly a dozen skyscrapers since then, Alexandre-Gustave Eiffel's chocolate-brown, 984-foot open-lattice wrought-iron tower remains one of the world's premiere tourist attractions. Click photo for larger image. Before the Tower's construction, critics called Eiffel's design an eyesore and predicted that the Tower would cost too much to build. Eiffel knew better. His crew assembled the 18,000 pieces of iron in just 21 months, under budget and in time for the fair's opening day. With the completion of the Tower, Eiffel earned the nickname "magician of iron." Eiffel was one of the first engineers to recognize the importance of wind forces on tall structures. He designed the surface of his Tower to be so minimal that the wind has virtually nothing to grab onto. All pieces of the Tower form an open lattice of light trusses through which the wind can blow. The Eiffel Tower was one of the first tall structures in the world to contain passenger elevators, and tourists loved them. Elevator ticket sales in the Eiffel Tower regained almost the entire cost of the structure -- in just one year! Here's how this skyscraper stacks up against the biggest skyscrapers in the world. (height, in feet) Fast Facts: The Eiffel Tower is repainted every seven years -- with 50 tons of dark brown paint. Since it was unveiled at the Paris World's Fair in 1889, more than 167 million people have visited the Eiffel Tower. The names of 72 French scientists and other famous individuals are permanently affixed to the sides of the tower in 60-centimeter letters just beneath the first platform, with 18 names per side. Counting from the ground, there are 347 steps to the first level, 674 steps to the second level, and 1,710 steps to the small platform on the top of the tower. On a clear day, it is possible to see 42 miles in every direction from the top of the Eiffel Tower. The Eiffel Tower is twice as tall as the Washington Monument and weighs 70,000 tons less!	History History Being one of the oldest and most imposing cathedrals in France, the Notre Dame cathedral Paris's con Read More History One of the most notable monuments in Paris (and in all of Europe for that matter) is the Notre Dame Cathedral. This Catholic treasure is over 800 years old. It is located on a small island called the Ile de la Cite in the middle of river Seine. The building of the cathedral was completed over the course of 200 years; it was started in 1163 during the reign of King Louis VII and was completed in 1345. As is the case with most notable historical monuments, The Notre dame Cathedral Paris has its own share of both the glorious and the tragic historical moments that will forever remain indelible in the mind of people everywhere. Among them is the crowning of Henry VI of England right inside the cathedral in 1431. The Cathedral was at one time in a stage of total disrepair and close to the point of being demolished, but was later saved by Napoleon who himself was crowned Emperor in 1804 inside the Cathedral. After restoring the Cathedral back to its formal beauty and in the midst of World War II, it was rumoured that the German soldiers might destroy the newly installed stained glass. It was therefore removed and only reinstalled again after the war had ended. The steps were taken because of only one particular archeological glass window called the Rose window which is supposed to be the biggest glass window in the world produced in the 13th century. Discussing the history of the Notre Dame Cathedral Paris would not be complete without discussing the most famous story of the peasant girl, Joan of Arc, who is well documented in the history books of France. She was very brave and claimed that she had visions from God. This poor girl had spiritual and character richness even though she had no material goods. Through her visions and courage, she helped France in the battles against the English troops. While using the wise military tactics of Joan of Arc, the well known heroine, France won many fights against England. She also was a great supporter of the monarchy; she is indirectly the reason why Charles VII was crowned. However, Joan of Arc was captured by the Burundians’, accused of heresy and tragically, she was burned at the stake. But this was not the end of the brave girl. On the 7 July 1456, Joan of Arc was declared innocent and a martyr. In 1909 she was beatified in the famous Notre Dame cathedral in Paris by Pope Pius X. Notre Dame Cathedral which can also be called “our lady” is still in use today by the Roman Catholic Church for Sunday mass and it is the seat of the Archbishop of Paris. A notable and distinct historical artefact which is very popular today is the famous bell that has been redesigned to ring automatically. Any visitor to the bell tower should be prepared to climb the 140 steps staircase, if desirous of seeing the historical bell or have a glimpse of the city of Paris. Also inside the Notre Dame Cathedral, among so many historical artefacts, is the notable 17th century organ with all of its parts still functional. There are also drawings, plans and engravings which showed the old and hidden mysteries of several of the church developments and how the city of Paris came into being.	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,667	An autotonsorialist is a person who cuts their own what?	Expert tips on cutting your own hair - NY Daily News If you're tempted to cut your own hair, be sure to follow our experts' tips Expert tips on cutting your own hair If you’re not careful when you cut your own hair, you could run into problems. (VladimirFLoyd/Getty Images/iStockphoto) NEW YORK DAILY NEWS Sunday, July 13, 2014, 2:00 AM Dame Helen Mirren hacks at her own hair — something many New York women have been tempted to do, especially during hot, humid months. And it almost always ends in disaster. “I can’t handle going to the hairdresser every six weeks, so I only go about once a year,” Mirren, 68, tells the August issue of Redbook magazine. “In between, I get out the scissors and do something, usually rather disastrously. “Sometimes I’ll even chop my hair the morning of a big red carpet event.” If you’re a woman, chances are you’ve done the same at at some point in your life — often resulting in tears and a swift trip to the hairdresser for a fix-up. “I thought I could pull it off,” says Linda Charles, from the Bronx. “It was like a bad buzz cut from the Army. I went into hiding. I would never do it again.” Katherine White, 22, of the Upper East Side, cuts her own hair often. “It was at college and I didn’t want to spend money,” she says. “Sometimes it’s a little screwy in the back.” Don’t expect perfection" “People can cut their own hair as long as the end goal isn’t a perfect, crisp, polished look." You get what you pay for. But with summer here, some gals just want to get their hair out of their face as soon as possible, and can’t always wait for a salon appointment. If you’re going to chop your own locks, follow these tips from the experts. ----- Don’t wet your hair: Cut it while it’s dry. Most stylists agree. Helen Mirren says she sometimes resorts to cutting her own hair, even before red-carpet events. (Jason Merritt/Getty Images) Use tiny scissors: Forget about professional haircutting shears. “Use something like cuticle scissors or baby nail-trimming shears, with very small blades,” says Donna Williams, stylist at Tomahawk Salon in Bushwick. “You don’t want a professional scissor — that blade is too long to control what you’re doing.” Be realistic: Don’t expect perfection. “People can cut their own hair as long as the end goal isn’t a perfect, crisp, polished look,” says Michael Angelo, founder of Michael Angelo’s Wonderland Beauty Parlor in the West Village. Don’t cut while tipsy: You’ll need steady hands and good judgment. Angelo, who’s done his share of fix-ups, says many disasters occur when the self-stylist has had a few glasses of wine. “We should always do things like this when we’re stone-cold sober,” he says. Cut only what you can see : Don’t try to use a mirror for trimming the back. “Never,” says Donna Williams of Tomahawk Salon in Bushwick. “If you can’t pull the hair around and look at those ends, then don’t try to cut it.” Keep your style. “Don’t try to re-do a haircut,” or invent a new one at home, Williams says. “You don’t ever want to take on layers yourself.” Basic maintenance is what you’re looking for. Do the twist: Beauty blogger Nuccia Ardagna did a YouTube tutorial on trimming split ends yourself. The technique involves tightly coiling dry one-inch sections of hair around your own index finger. Any ends that pop up when you’re done twisting are split ends — trim them off. When you trim your own hair, experts says it’s best to do it with small scissors, when you’re sober, and when the hair is dry. (Goodshoot/Getty Images) ----- TRIMMING YOUR BANGS Aim high: For cutting bangs, point the end of the scissors towards the ceiling, not straight across, for a softer look, says Angelo. Pull it together: With dry hair, “Pull your bangs down, then twist them all together, and then you cut it — the whole section,” says Jessica Ruby Whalen, stylist at Fringe on the Lower East Side. Just the basics: If you want to do something “really specialized” — like supershort baby bangs, or a blunt cut — don’t try this at home, advises Williams. - with Jenna O’Donnell	General Knowledge Quiz - By Zarbo84 The fictional character John Clayton is better known by what name? La Paz is the administrative capital of which South American country? Actor Charles Buchinsky was better known by what name? The medical condition ‘aphonia’ is the inability to do what? In Greek mythology, Pygmalion was the king of which Island? Who played the title role in the 1953 film ‘The Glenn Miller Story’? A third wedding anniversary is traditionally represented by which material? In the Bible, what sign did God give Noah that the earth would not be flooded again? In August 2011 NASA announced that photographic evidence had been captured of possible liquid water of which planet in our solar system? The restored tomb of which dramatist was unveiled in Paris in November 2011, after being ruined by lipstick smears left by thousands of kisses? What was the name of the hurricane which hit the East Coast of America in August 2011? On 11th March 2011 a 9.1 magnitude earthquake and subsequent tsunami hit the east of which country? Convict George Joseph Smith was known as the ‘Brides in the ‘what’ murderer’? In the human body, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis is commonly known by what name? A peregrine is what type of bird? What is the name of the highly toxic protein obtained from the pressed seeds of the castor oil plant? Which British pop musician/actor was actress Sadie Frost’s first husband? British singer Gaynor Hopkins is better known by what name? Who played Ron Kovic in the 1989 film ‘Born on the Fourth of July’? Ben Gurion International Airport is in which country? Which basketball star is kidnapped by cartoon characters in the 1996 film ‘Space Jam’? In the tv series The A Team, what does B.A. stand for in the name B.A. Baracus? In medicine, metritis is the inflammation of which part of the body? In which year was the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour in the USA? In the human body, where is the atrium? The OK Corral is in which US town? In Greek mythology, Amphitrite, queen of the sea, was the wife of which god? Which British boxer bought one of the original ‘Only Fools and Horses’ Reliant Robins in 2004? Actor Roy Harold Scherer was better known by what name? Anna Gordy was the first wife of which late soul singer? Who played Heinrich Himmler in the 1976 film ‘The Eagle Has Landed’? Which is the fastest rotating planet in our solar system? Which country was invaded by Iraq in 1990? Cobalt, Cyan and Cerulean are shades of which colour? In 1936, Joseph Bowers was the first inmate to attempt an escape from which prison? In the 18th Century, the British Royal Navy ordered limes and lemons to be carried on board ships as a remedy for which disease? In which US state were the 1692 Witch Trials held? Question Who was the father of English monarch Edward VI? Vermicide is a substance used for killing which creatures? Miss Gatsby and Miss Tibbs were two elderly residents in which UK tv sitcom? Who was US actor Mickey Rooney’s first wife? The resort town of Sliema is on which Mediterranean island? In the Bible, what is the Decalogue more commonly known as? In Greek mythology, Hypnos was the god of what? Which real-life couple starred in the 1994 remake of the film ‘The Getaway’? American 1940′s murder victim Elizabeth Short was known by what posthumous nickname? British monarch Henry VIII married which of his wives in 1540? In February 1983 which US writer choked to death on the cap from a bottle of eye drops? Which US gangster was released from Alcatraz prison in November 1939? Who built the Roman wall which divided England and Scotland? In the human body, the hallux is more commonly known by what name? The liqueur Maraschino is flavoured with which fruit? Which famous US outlaw shot the cashier of a savings bank in Gallatin Missouri in 1869? Kathmandu is the capital of which country? TAP is the chief airline of which European country? In November 2002, which member of the British royal family was convicted and fined for violating the Dangerous Dogs Act? Tommy Lee plays which instrument in the band Motley Crue? The Wang River i	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,668	Which sea surrounds the island of Martinique?	Martinique - Best Caribbean Islands, Caribbean Tourism, Best Caribbean Destination Page suivante Must see in Martinique Mount Pelée Réserve Biologique Intégrale (nature protected area), this world famous volcano on clear days offers a magnificent panoramic view of the Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. /sites/martinique/themes/martinique/img/accueil/inc1.jpg mount-pelee The islet of Sainte-Marie and its tombolo Natural wonder related to ocean tides, the Tombolo, located in the town of Sainte-Marie in the north Atlantic coast is a sandbar connecting the islet of Sainte-Marie to the mainland November to April. /sites/martinique/themes/martinique/img/accueil/inc2.jpg islet-sainte-marie-and-its-tombolo Saint-Pierre, City of Art and History Ranked 101st city of art and history, Saint-Pierre was the capital of Martinique before the 1902 eruption of the Mount Pelée volcano.. Since the destruction, Saint-Pierre is an open air museum. /sites/martinique/themes/martinique/img/accueil/inc3.jpg saint-pierre Caravelle peninsula Dry forest, thickets, mangrove, savannah, sheltered bays and steep cliffs of the Caravelle peninsula, a classified natural reserve, offers an environnement ideal for the development of many native species. /sites/martinique/themes/martinique/img/accueil/inc4.jpg caravelle-peninsula Fort-de-France bay Nearly 1.000 endemic species, numerous economic activities can be found at Fort-de-France Bay, also known as Bay of the Flemish. This site was also ranked among the most beautiful bays in the world in 2011 ! /sites/martinique/themes/martinique/img/accueil/inc5.jpg fort-de-france-bay La Pointe du Bout Highly touristic, La Pointe du Bout in Trois-Ilets features hotels, restaurants, shops and numerous sandy beaches, not to mention the beautiful view of the Bay of Fort de France ! /sites/martinique/themes/martinique/img/accueil/inc6.jpg la-pointe-du-bout Les Salines Fine sand, coconut trees, turquoise water Salines beach is one of the most beautiful beaches in the Lesser Antilles. It epitomizes postcard-perfect Martinique. /sites/martinique/themes/martinique/img/accueil/inc7.jpg les-salines Diamond Rock A paradise for seabirds, and an exceptional diving spot, this rocky outcrop in the middle of the Caribbean Sea has lived an eventful history. /sites/martinique/themes/martinique/img/accueil/inc8.jpg diamond-rock Coeur-Bouliki Enjoy greenery and freshness in this unique ecosystem of St. Joseph. In the heart of Martinique, you will find Coeur Bouliki forest. Nicknamed "the green lung of Martinique, this forest surrounds the La Rivière Blanche(White River), which originates from the Carbet peaks. /sites/martinique/themes/martinique/img/accueil/inc9.jpg coeur-bouliki The petrified savannah A protected geological site, La Savane des Pétrifications is an amazing, arid Savannah that extends to the site of an ancient volcano. It is named after the wood petrified that once stood there. /sites/martinique/themes/martinique/img/accueil/inc10.jpg petrified-savannah Josephine's Bath and white shoals This is the most spectacular and famous, sandy shallow commonly called "Les Fonds Blancs" typical to the Atlantic coast south of Martinique. This site offers exceptional swimming. /sites/martinique/themes/martinique/img/accueil/inc11.jpg josephines-bath-and-white-shoals	1100-1199 - StudyBlue Good to have you back! If you've signed in to StudyBlue with Facebook in the past, please do that again. 1100-1199 Which city does the statue of Jesus Christ, better known as Christ the Redeemer, overlook? Rio de Janeiro In an all-black cast, who played the role of Brick in the 2008 revival of "Cat on a Hot Tin Roof"? Terrence Howard Advertisement ) What term describes the purchase of securities with borrowed money using the shares themselves as collateral? Buying on Margin In the sequence of presidential succession, who is next in line after the vice president? Speaker of the House Created by Ruth Handler, which 12-inch follower of fashion has been every girl's best friend since 1959? Barbie For which film did Kathy Bates win an Oscar in 1991? Misery Which country is home of port wine? Portugal The Mediterranean island of Cyprus is geographically part of which continent? Asia Which city was hit by the second American atomic bomb in 1945? Nagasaki What does a person with mythomania tend to? Tell lies What is the latin term for the science of languages? Linguistics Which Agatha Christie's fictional characters is the only one to have been given an obituary in the N.Y. Times? Hercule Poriot Guns N' Roses guitarist Saul Hudson is better known by what name? Slash Which land animal species lives the longest? Turtle Which militant Lebanese political group sparked a 2007 attack after capturing two Israeli soldiers? Hezbollah How many calories equal 42 Joules: about 1, 10 or 42? Ten Jumping and dressage are events in which Olympic competition? Equestrian What message delivery system did U.S. computer technician Raymond Tomlinson invent at the beginning of the 1970's? E-mail What is the gesture of submission, originating in imperial China, in which you kneel and touch the ground with your forehead? Kowtow On what sitcom did John Larroquette win three straight Best Supporting Actor Emmy Awards? Night Court What is the most distinctive exterior feature on a Russian Orthodox church? The Onion Dome Which 1957 Broadway musical is loosely based on Shakespeare's "Romeo and Juliet"? West Side Story What is the name for the valuation ratio of a company's current share price compared to its per-share earnings? Price Earning Ratio What country issues gold coins called Krugerrands? South Africa In the 1960s, IBM designed a new typing head to reduce jams in typewriters. What shape was it? A ball Who directed "The Color Purple" in 1985? Steven Speilberg What does an oenologist specialize in? Wine What dam created Lake Mead, the largest man-made reservoir in the U.S.? Hoover Dam Named after the city where they signed the pact in 1955, where did eight eastern European states agree to form a political alliance? Warsaw What part of the body is affected by a swelling known as a periodontal disease? Gums Which Polynesian word means "forbidden"? Taboo Which novel by J.D. Salinger that is still controversial today features Holden Caulfield as the protagonist? The Catcher in the Rye According to the classic Van Morrison song, who "comes around here bout mid-night?" Gloria What is a tapaculo: a fish, a rodent or a bird? A bird Who did Hugo Chavez refer to as "the devil" in a 2006 speech to the UN General Assembly? George W. Bush Which temperature scale has its absolute zero at minus 273.15 degrees Celsius? Kelvin In which chess move are the rook and the king used at the same time? Castling Which frequency band uses the abbreviation "U.H.F." Ultra High Frequency In which country did T'ai Chi originate? China What character on NCIS is commonly referred to as "Ducky"? Dr. Mallard By what name is the collection of Egyptian tombs across the Nile from Luxor better known? Valley of the Kings "Les Miserables" is a musical based on a novel by which writer? Victor Hugo What term describes the simultaneous purchase and sale of an asset in order to profit from a difference in price? Arbitrage (riskless profit) What president extended a "Good Neighbor Policy" to countries in South America, Central America and the Carribean? Franklin Delano Roose	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,669	Gander Airport was used as a refuelling stop for transatlantic flights between the 1940s and the 1960s. In which Canadian province is it?	Airport Gander (USA) - International \| FlightMemory - Encyclopedia Airport Gander (USA) - International Gander International Airport ( IATA : YQX, ICAO : CYQX) is located in Gander, Newfoundland and Labrador , Canada, and is operated by the Gander International Airport Authority. Canadian Forces Base Gander shares the airfield but is a separate entity from the airport. Contents History[ edit ] Early years and prominence[ edit ] Construction of the airport began in 1936 and it was opened in 1938, with its first landing on January 11 of that year, by Captain Douglas Fraser flying a Fox Moth of Imperial Airways . Within a few years it had four runways and was the largest airport in the world. Its official name until 1941 was Newfoundland Airport. In 1940, the operation of the Newfoundland Airport was assigned by the Dominion of Newfoundland to the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) and it was renamed RCAF Station Gander in 1941. The airfield was heavily used by Ferry Command for transporting newly built aircraft across the Atlantic Ocean to the European Theatre , as well as for staging operational anti-submarine patrols dedicated to hunting U-boats in the northwest Atlantic. Thousands of aircraft flown by the United States Army Air Corps / United States Army Air Forces and the RCAF destined for the European Theatre travelled through Gander. The Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) also established Naval Radio Station Gander at the airfield, using the station as a listening post to detect the transmissions and location of enemy submarines and warships. Following the war, the RCAF handed operation of the airfield back to the dominion government in March 1946, although the RCN's radio station remained and the military role for the entire facility was upgraded through the Cold War . Transatlantic refueling stop[ edit ] Following Newfoundland's entry into Confederation , the government renamed the airport Gander Airport and it came under the administration of Canada's federal Department of Transport . Numerous improvements were made to the runways and terminals. Gander is near the great circle route between cities of the U.S. East Coast and London . Starting in the 1940s it was a refueling stop for transatlantic flights to Scotland, Ireland and beyond, and continued in this role through the early 1960s. Carriers at Gander during this era included: Air France ran several services through Gander connecting Paris and Shannon to Montreal, Boston and New York in the 1950s. [5] American Overseas Airlines used Gander as stop for Lockheed Constellation flights between New York and London from 1947. [6] British Overseas Airways Corporation operated Constellations on London-Shannon-Gander-New York, London-Glasgow-Gander-New York and London-Glasgow-Gander-Montreal routings from 1947. [7] By 1960 the Gander stop was only used as an alternative to a Glasgow or Shannon stop for Bristol Britannia service to Montreal and Toronto. [8] KLM used Gander as a stop on Amsterdam-Glasgow-Gander-New York service from 1946. [9] Pan American World Airways used Gander as a stop for transatlantic Douglas DC-4 service between New York-Idlewild and Shannon (continuing to London and Lisbon) starting in 1946. [10] Gander remained in use in 1960 as a stop for Douglas DC-7 services between New York and Scandinavia, although other transatlantic flights bypassed Gander by that point. [11] Scandinavian Airlines operated Stockholm-Oslo/Copenhagen-Prestwick-Gander-New York service from 1946. [13] Trans-Canada Air Lines used Gander as a stop for transatlantic service to London from 1946 and also operated local service from Gander to St. John's and Sydney . [14] Trans World Airlines operated Boston-Gander-Shannon and Boston-Gander-Azores-Lisbon services from 1947 using Constellations, with onward service to destinations in Europe, the Middle East and India. [15] Runway 04/22 was extended from 8,400 to 10,500 ft (2,600 to 3,200 m) in 1971. [16] With the advent of jets with longer range in the 1960s most flights no longer needed to refuel. Gander has decreased in importance, but it re	Girl Guides - The Canadian Encyclopedia Women Girl Guides The branches of the Guiding movement include Sparks, Brownies, Guides, Pathfinders, Rangers, Cadets and Junior Leaders, with groups in most communities in every province and territory, under the leadership of women volunteers and community leaders. Girl Guides Girl Guides of Canada-Guides du Canada (GGC) is a voluntary organization that promotes the emotional, physical, intellectual and spiritual well-being of girls and women through values-based programs. Official operations in Canada date from 1910 when the first group, St. Catharines Company, was registered. Membership grew quickly and by 1912 every province had groups that gathered to create the Canadian Girl Guides Association, with Lady Mary Pellatt as Canada's first Chief Commissioner. In 1917, an Act of Parliament approved the Canadian Girl Guides Association's Constitution. Another act of Parliament in 1961 changed the associations' name to Girl Guides of Canada-Guides du Canada. The branches of the Guiding movement include Sparks, Brownies, Guides, Pathfinders, Rangers, Cadets and Junior Leaders, with groups in most communities in every province and territory, under the leadership of women volunteers and community leaders. The philosophy of the organization is expressed in the Promise: "I promise to do my best, To be true to myself, my beliefs and Canada; I will take action for a better world, and respect the Guiding Law" (Brownies say "and respect the Brownie law.") The Law and the motto "Be Prepared" reflect the Guiding's aim to help girls and young women become responsible citizens, able to give leadership and service to the community, whether local, national or global. The program is designed to provide opportunities for girls and women: to develop personal values and respect for self and others; to be challenged through new experiences; to develop a sense of well-being; to achieve a sense of pride in accomplishment; to learn to work co-operatively with others; to learn and practise decision making; to make friends and have fun through the fellowship of Guiding; to acquire practical and leadership skills; to learn about the natural environment and how to preserve it; to develop knowledge and understanding of other countries, their people and cultures; to put into practice the principle of service. The Guide program is designed for girls. It is diverse and relevant to today's changing society. Women leaders provide role models and bring the program to girls and young women in a community atmosphere with a spirit of fun and friendship. Leadership training is of vital importance to the organization, contributing to the effectiveness of adults functioning as leaders of Units, Councils and Committees, as well as providing personal growth and enrichment. There are 13 Councils comprising ten provinces and three territories, each of which may be divided into Area, Division and District Councils with the National Council as its governing body. Membership in Guiding is voluntary and open to girls and women who are willing to make the Promise, without distinction of creed, race, class, nationality or any other circumstances. The program provides opportunities in the areas of Home, Community, World, Outdoors and Camping, and is divided into five age groups. Learning about the situations of girls and women throughout the world and what Guiding in Canada can do for them is an important aspect of the girls' programs. Global awareness leads to understanding of the interdependence of peoples throughout the world; appreciation of one's own country, culture and heritage; and acceptance of the cultures and heritages of other people. Some famous women who were Girl Guides include Canada's first woman astronaut, Roberta BONDAR , and actor Andrea MARTIN . Canada is a Charter Member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS) which represents more than 10 million girls and women in more than 140 countries. WAGGGS maintains four World Centres (England, Switzerland, India and Mexico). Girl Guides hold a	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,670	US actress Susan Tomalin is better known by what name?	Susan Sarandon - Film Actress - Biography.com Susan Sarandon Susan Sarandon is an Academy Award-winning American film actress known for roles in films like Bull Durham, Thelma and Louise and Dead Man Walking. IN THESE GROUPS Famous People in Action Film quotes “The only thing that gives me the courage to do things—because I'm a shy person—is the idea of living with myself afterward.” Susan Sarandon Susan Sarandon - Versatile Actress (TV-14; 1:11) Watch a short video about Susan Sarandon and learn which role that this actress with more than 50 films under her belt cherished the most. Synopsis American film actress Susan Sarandon was born on October 4, 1946, in New York City. After college, Sarandon began acting, and in 1975 she landed a role in the cult classic film The Rocky Horror Picture Show. She won an Academy Award for her performance in Dead Man Walking (1995), and received Oscar nominations for her roles in Atlantic City (1980), Thelma and Louise (1991), Lorenzo's Oil (1992) and The Client (1994). Other notable films include The Witches of Eastwick (1987) and Bull Durham (1988). Early Career Actress and activist Susan Sarandon was born on October 4, 1946, in New York City, New York. Known as an actress and an activist, Sarandon has shared with the world her dramatic talents and personal convictions. She graduated the Catholic University of America in 1968 and not long after made her film debut in Joe (1970). After a few other film roles, Sarandon landed a part in The Rocky Horror Picture Show (1975), a campy musical, which has developed quite a cult following over the years. Career Highlights Sarandon earned her first Academy Award nomination for Atlantic City (1980) starring opposite screen legend Burt Lancaster. But her career really seemed to pick up steam later that decade with appearances in The Witches of Eastwick (1987) and Bull Durham (1988). In The Witches of Eastwick, she played one of three women seduced by the devil (Jack Nicholson) and developed special powers. This comedic battle of good versus evil showed Sarandon’s talent for lighter fare. In Bull Durham, she played smart and sexy baseball groupie “Annie Savoy” who becomes involved with one of the players -- “Ebby Calvin ‘Nuke’ LaLoosh” played by Tim Robbins. Robbins would become her partner in real life. With Geena Davis, Susan Sarandon made one of her most memorable films Thelma and Louise (1991), which centered on the friendship of two women on a road trip turned wrong. Her portrayal of the tough, protective, and somewhat broken Louise brought her another Academy Award nomination. Sarandon was also nominated for Lorenzo's Oil (1992) and The Client (1994). She played a nun in the gritty and powerful capital punishment drama Dead Man Walking (1995) and won her first Academy Award for her performance. Recent Work More recently, Sarandon took to the stage to appear in a revival of Eugene Ionesco's Exit the King. She played Queen Marguerite to Geoffrey Rush's King Berenger in the critically acclaimed production. On the big screen, Sarandon took on a supporting role in The Lovely Bones (2009), a film adaptation of the best-selling novel by Alice Sebold, in addition to roles in various films and TV series, including The Big C (2012), Arbitrage (2012) and Cloud Atlas (2012). Activism Outspoken on many issues, Susan Sarandon and Tim Robbins included information on the plight of Haitian HIV-positive refugees during the 1993 Academy Awards ceremony where they appeared as presenters. In 2006, she was one of the celebrities that joined antiwar activist Cindy Sheehan in a fast against the war in Iraq. Personal Life Susan Sarandon has three children: a daughter from a relationship with writer Franco Amurri and two sons with actor Tim Robbins. She and Robbins split in the summer of 2009, they had been one of Hollywood's most enduring couples having been together for 23 years. She was also married to actor Chris Sarandon from 1967 to 1979. Fact Check We strive for accuracy and fairness. If you see something that doesn't look right, contact us	Royal baby - who's next in line? Guide to the new line of succession to the British throne \| Daily Mail Online Femail Today Keeping everyone guessing! Amal Clooney wears loose-fitting two-piece for appearance in Davos with husband George after pregnancy rumors 'Zits and all!' Brandi Glanville posts a makeup-free snap after having a non-surgical facelift Showed off results of a recent beauty treatment 'He looks like a soccer mom enjoying hunting season!' NFL star Jay Cutler is body-shamed after his wife posts 'unflattering' shot of their Mexican vacation Lisa Rinna calls Kyle Richards an 'enabler' of older sister Kim on The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills Another round of drama between the ladies 'We're surprised she showed up': Kim Kardashian 'shocked production staff by filming cameo in heist film Ocean's 8'... after revealing terror of her own robbery ordeal What will Bella say? Kylie Jenner puts on a busty display in racy outfit as she enjoys a night out with Bella's ex The Weeknd and her boyfriend Tyga Eating for two! Heavily pregnant Ciara glows as she goes on breakfast date with NFL hubby Russell Wilson The beauty showed off her huge baby bump What a catch! Bikini-clad Ashley Graham traps a lobster while modeling for swim campaign in Caribbean Just another day in the office Melania Trump 'will wear Ralph Lauren at her husband's inauguration': Designer is frontrunner for her outfit American designer Step aside Emma Stone! Ryan Gosling sweeps Ellen DeGeneres off her feet in La La Land behind-the-scenes spoof Hilarious parody So in love! Matthew McConaughey plants a kiss on gorgeous wife Camila Alves at Gold premiere in NYC He's just a big kid at heart Nina Dobrev shows off her slim figure in a colour-block dress for appearance on The Tonight Show She has been on the promotional trail Oh no! Sofia Vergara cries for help as she gets heel caught in escalator grate... but it's just a bit of overacting for Modern Family She wailed and flailed Sweet treat! Alessandra Ambrosio shows off more than just a cupcake in a daring romper from her own collection Sleavage-baring look Kendall Jenner flaunts her endless legs in skintight leather pants as she shops in NYC with rumoured love interest A$AP Rocky Make-up free Ashlee Simpson looks flush-faced after working up a sweat at the gym Showed off her dedication to fitness Ariana Grande boldly declares herself the 'hardest working 23-year-old human being on Earth' and an incredulous internet claps back Knee bother? Kristen Stewart shows off nasty scrapes on her leg in ripped jeans as she jets into Los Angeles She has always been something of a tomboy Save the date! Serena Williams says she'll start planning wedding to Alexis Ohanian after Australian Open Talk about her engagement Girls gone wild! Malin Akerman rocks leopard print coat as Emmanuelle Chiquiri flashes cleavage at LA premiere of The Space Between Us Tat-two can play at that game! Zayn Malik boasts new 'love' inking on his hand... after his girlfriend Gigi Hadid flashed band on her wedding finger Shady lady! Cool cat Gigi Hadid wears sunglasses in the dark as she goes for a stroll in green fur coat... and hides ring finger amid engagement rumors George Michael's lover Fadi Fawaz 'calls in a celebrity bodyguard' as singer's friend says the star was taking crack cocaine before he died She's no Honey Monster! Makeup free Amy Adams stocks up on Cocoa Pebbles cereal in Beverly Hills Sweet treats Makeup free Ashley Greene pampers herself at the salon as she flashes diamond engagement ring The Twilight Saga star SPONSORED To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video How one woman overcame poverty to form a multi-million dollar business Natural beauty Idina Menzel, 45, glows without a stitch of makeup while showing of her ice at LAX Displayed her natural beauty Mel B flaunts her incredible curves in a micro-mini dress as she steps out in NYC... while the future of Spice Girls off-shoot GEM hangs in the balance Sweet tooth! Jessica Biel goes shopping for c	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,671	What is the last event of an Olympic decathlon?	Decathlon - List of Sports List of Sports Leave a comment College decathlete competitors pose at the 2009 NCAA Outdoor Track & Field Championships in Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA. The decathlon is a combined event in athletics consisting of ten track and field events. The word decathlon is of Greek origin (from ???? deka [ten] and ????? athlos [contest]). Events are held over two consecutive days and the winners are determined by the combined performance in all. Performance is judged on a points system in each event, not by the position achieved. The decathlon is contested mainly by male athletes, while female athletes typically compete in the heptathlon . Traditionally, the title of “World’s Greatest Athlete” has been given to the man who wins the decathlon. This began when King Gustav V of Sweden told Jim Thorpe , “You, sir, are the world’s greatest athlete” after Thorpe won the decathlon at the Stockholm Olympics in 1912. The current holder of the title is American Bryan Clay , the gold medal winner of the event at the 2008 Beijing Olympics , who took the title from Athens Olympics Czech champion Roman Šebrle . The event developed from the ancient pentathlon . Pentathlon competitions were held at the ancient Greek Olympics . Pentathlons involved five disciplines – long jump , discus throw , javelin throw , sprint and a wrestling match. [4] Introduced in Olympia during 708 BC, the competition was extremely popular for many centuries. By the 6th century BC, pentathlons had become part of religious games. The Amateur Athletic Union held “all around events” from the 1880s and a decathlon first appeared on the Olympic athletics program at the 1904 Games . Format Men’s decathlon The vast majority of international and top level men’s decathlons are divided in to a two-day competition, with the track and field events held in the order below. Traditionally, all decathletes who finished the event do a round of honour together after the competition, rather than just the winner or medalling athletes. Day 1 1500 metres Women’s decathlon At major championships, the women’s equivalent of the decathlon is the seven-event heptathlon ; prior to 1981 it was the five-event pentathlon . However, in 2001 the IAAF approved scoring tables for women’s decathlon; the current world record holder is Austra Skujyt? of Lithuania . Women’s disciplines differ from men’s in the same way as for standalone events: the shot, discus and javelin weigh less, and the sprint hurdles uses lower hurdles over 100 m rather than 110 m. The points tables used are the same as for the heptathlon in the shared events. The schedule of events differs from the men’s decathlon, with the field events switched between day one and day two; this is to avoid scheduling conflicts when men’s and women’s decathlon competitions take place simultaneously. Day 1	Equestrianism at the 1972 München Summer Games: Mixed Three-Day Event, Individual \| Olympics at Sports-Reference.com Equestrianism at the 1972 München Summer Games: Mixed Three-Day Event, Individual Host City: München, West Germany Venue(s): Military Lands Poing, Poing; Riding Stadium, Riem, München Date Started: August 29, 1972 Date Finished: September 1, 1972 Format: Dressage, cross-country, and jumping. Gold: Jan Jönsson Summary At the 1964 Olympics, Britain's [Richard Meade] led the individual eventing after the endurance phase, but 36 faults in the jumping dropped him back to eighth place. He then placed fourth in the eventing at the 1968 Olympics, although he helped Britain to team gold. In München Meade took the lead after the endurance phase and this time rode a clean round in jumping to finally win his individual gold medal. He also helped Great Britain defend their gold medal in the team event. There was no change in the top standings after the endurance phase, as Argentine [Alessandro Argenton] was second, Sweden's [Jan Jönsson] was third, and British rider [Mary Gordon-Watson] was fourth. As did Meade, all three had clean rides in jumping, and maintained their positions. Meade would return in 1976 and again placed fourth individually, and also competed for Britain at the 1980 Alternative Equestrian Event at Fontainebleau, Paris. Outside of the Olympics, Meade was a member of the winning team at the 1967 European Championships and the 1970 World Championships and placed second individually in the 1967 and 1970 World Championships. He also won at Badminton in 1969, 1970, and 1982, and won the Burghley Horse Trials in 1964. A Sports Reference Site : About SR/Olympics \| Privacy Statement \| Conditions & Terms of Service \| Use of Data Data provided by OlyMADMen , led by Hilary Evans, Arild Gjerde, Jeroen Heijmans, and Bill Mallon. Members: David Foster, Martin Frank, Jørn Jensen, Carl-Johan Johansson, Taavi Kalju, Martin Kellner, George Masin, Stein Opdahl, Wolf Reinhardt, Ralf Regnitter, Paul Tchir, Magne Teigen, Christian Tugnoli, Morten Aarlia Torp, and Ralf Schlüter. Sports Reference LLC and www.sports-reference.com are not sponsored by or affiliated with the Olympics, the United States Olympic Committee or the International Olympic Committee. Trademarks featured or referred to on this website are the property of their respective trademark holders and not Sports Reference LLC or www.sports-reference.com . Part of the	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,672	Who was British Chancellor of the Exchequer at the start of this century?	BBC - History - British History in depth: Prime Ministers and Politics Timeline On This Day Prime Ministers and Politics Timeline Do you know which prime minister brought 'fallen women' to 10 Downing Street? Or which one fought a duel? Or who was known as 'the Goat'? Take a political journey through nearly 300 years of high ideals and low cunning, from Gordon Brown to the first man to hold prime ministerial powers, Robert Walpole. Margaret Thatcher Conservative, 1979 - 1990 Britain's first female prime minister came to power with the country descending into industrial and economic chaos. A relatively inexperienced politician, she nonetheless adopted a personal style of indomitable self-confidence and brooked no weakness in herself or her colleagues. Derisively dubbed the 'Iron Lady' by the Soviet press, she wore the moniker with pride. Her government's free-market policies included trade liberalisation, deregulation, sweeping privatisation, breaking the power of the unions, focus on the individual and the creation of an 'enterprise culture'. 'Thatcherism' has had a profound and lasting economic and social impact on Britain, and still sharply divides opinion to this day. The first PM to serve three consecutive terms (including two 'landslide' victories) she was eventually toppled by her own party following the disastrous imposition of a 'poll tax'. Nonetheless, she is generally considered to be one of the best peace time prime ministers of the 20th Century. James Callaghan Labour, 1976 - 1979 Callaghan inherited the office of prime minister following the surprise resignation of Harold Wilson. With only a tiny parliamentary majority to support him, he faced an increasingly one-sided confrontation with organised labour in the form of rampant strike action. Things came to a head in the so-called 'Winter of Discontent', a phrase from Shakespeare borrowed by Callaghan himself to describe the events leading up to February 1979. Britain was 'strikebound', with public servants staging mass walk outs, leaving food and fuel supplies undelivered, rubbish uncollected and - most notoriously - bodies unburied. Things became so bad in Hull it was dubbed 'the second Stalingrad'. The tabloid press has since been accused of overstating the severity of the situation (and wrongly quoting him as saying 'Crisis? What Crisis?') but it was enough at the time to sound the death knell for Callaghan's government later in the same year. Harold Wilson Labour, 1974 - 1976 In March 1974, Wilson became prime minister for the third time at the head of a minority government, following the first hung parliament (one where no party holds a majority) for 45 years. Often described as a wily fixer and negotiator, it took all of his skills to hold on to power in the face of economic and industrial turmoil. His party was also sharply divided, with many Labour members of parliament (MPs) bitter about Wilson's manoeuvring against his colleagues. He called another general election in October 1974, thereby ending the shortest parliament since 1681, and was returned to office with a majority of just three seats. He presided over a referendum on Britain's membership of the European Economic Community (EEC), and a collapse in the value of the pound which prompted a humiliating 'rescue operation' by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Exhausted, Wilson resigned saying 'politicians should not go on and on'. Edward Heath Conservative, 1970 - 1974 Heath succeeded in taking Britain into the European Economic Community (EEC), the precursor to the European Union, despite two previous failed attempts by Britain to gain entry, in 1961 and 1967. But his government was dogged by torrid industrial relations and recurrent economic crises. Things came to a head in January 1974, when industry was put on a 'three-day week' to conserve fuel. Fuel was in dangerously short supply following a combination of domestic industrial action (coal miners on 'work-to-rule') and a quadrupling of prices by Middle Eastern oil exporting nations in the wake of Israel's victory in the Yom Kipp	Roy Jenkins (Lord Jenkins), 1920-2003 · Liberal History By Stockley, Neil Roy Jenkins played a significant role in developing and articulating a new progressive vision of social, political and constitutional change. His reforms at the Home Office helped to transform Britain into a more modern, more civilised society. He was a successful, if orthodox, Chancellor of the Exchequer. He played an important and consistent role in taking Britain into Europe and, in doing so, did enormous damage to his own career. He was instrumental in founding the Social Democratic Party (SDP) and became its first leader. Although the SDP did not, in itself, break the mould of British politics, it helped to revitalise and develop the radical centre and to force the Labour Party to change itself. At his death, Roy Jenkins was a hero of the liberal and social democratic traditions – the great reformist Liberal Prime Minister Britain never had. Roy Harris Jenkins was born on 11 November 1920, in Abersychan, South Wales. His father, Arthur Jenkins, was an official in the South Wales Miners’ Federation who became MP for Pontypool and Parliamentary Private Secretary to Clement Attlee. His mother, Hattie, came from a more well-to-do background. From his parents, Jenkins gained a sense of civic responsibility and a strong commitment to the pursuit of change through peaceful and democratic means. Jenkins received his formal education at Abersychan School, University College, Cardiff and Balliol College, Oxford. At Oxford, he was Secretary of the Union and Chairman of the Democratic Socialist Club, a group of moderates who had broken with the left-dominated Labour Club. In 1941, he gained a first in Philosophy, Politics and Economics, with little apparent effort. He joined the Royal Artillery and was seconded on intelligence work to Bletchley. In January 1945, Jenkins married Jennifer Morris and they later had two sons and a daughter. After the war, he worked in the City as an economist for the Industrial and Commercial Finance Corporation, a semi-philanthropic body which channelled finance into new businesses. He wrote a brief biography of Clement Attlee, published in 1948. That April, he held Southwark Central for Labour in a byelection and became the youngest MP in the House. In 1950, the seat disappeared in an electoral redistribution and Jenkins became the MP for Birmingham Stechford; his political base for more than a quarter of a century. In Labour’s internal struggles between Bevanites and revisionists, Jenkins enlisted with the latter camp. His book Pursuit of Progress, published in 1953, was one of the first attempts to develop a revisionist case. In The Labour Case (1959), he described the party’s goal in decidedly non-socialist terms: a society in which everyone will have the opportunity for a full and satisfying life. Labour, he claimed, was a practical party, more concerned with ends than means. His elegantly written and sympathetic portrayal of Asquith, published in 1964, suggested that Jenkins was, at heart, a modern-day Whig rather than a doctrinaire socialist. He was a close friend and strong supporter of Hugh Gaitskell, though differed with him over Europe; in 1960, he quit the front-bench economic team to be free to campaign for Britain’s entry. When Labour returned to office in October 1964, Jenkins flourished. He was a successful Minister of Aviation and, after just fourteen months, became Home Secretary. He embarked on a series of reforms that caught the mood of the swinging sixties. He secured parliamentary time for private members’ bills to liberalise the abortion law and legalise homosexual practices between consenting adults. He also set in train a strengthening of race relations legislation and the abolition of theatre censorship. In November 1967, following the devaluation crisis, Jenkins replaced Jim Callaghan as Chancellor of the Exchequer. His unenviable task was to restore a balance of payments surplus and a stable pound. Jenkins delivered two years hard slog. He started with swingeing cuts in public spending, with defen	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,673	In 1998 who was the first 'First Lady' to appear on the cover of Vogue?	Michelle Obama graces cover of Vogue... in clothes she chose for the shoot herself \| Daily Mail Online Michelle Obama graces cover of Vogue... in clothes she chose for the shoot herself comments In her new role as the White House's 'Mom-in-Chief', she runs the First Family while her husband runs the country. But as you can see, Michelle Obama still has time for the occasional copy of Vogue. As the cover girl, of course. Every first lady since Lou Hoover - save Bess Truman - has been featured in the high-fashion magazine, but Mrs Obama is only the second to grace the cover. The First Lady invoked the image of former First Lady Jackie Kennedy in the Vogue cover. Mrs Obama's image is often likened to an imitation of Mrs Kennedy's The only other First Lady to do so was Hillary Clinton. Michelle's brand of pared-down elegance has been admired since Barack Obama first emerged as a contender for the Presidency. Mrs Obama appears wearing a magenta silk sheath dress by Jason Wu that she herself chose for the shoot. Wu also designed her inaugural gown. The coverline declares: ' The First Lady the world's been waiting for.' Mrs Obama was captured by legendary photographer Annie Leibovitz at the Hay-Adams Hotel in Washington during the inauguration. Much of the eight-page feature inside is devoted to Mrs. Obama's self-described role as 'mom in chief' to 10-year-old Malia and seven-year-old Sasha. 'I'm going to try to take them to school every morning, as much as I can,' she said. Mom in chief: A delighted Mrs Obama hugs children after reading them a book at Mary's Centre in Washington yesterday Mrs Obama receives more hugs from the children at Mary's Centre yesterday. She has sworn that her daughters Sasha and Malia will remain her priority 'But there's also a measure of independence. And obviously there will be times I won't be able to drop them off at all. I like to be a presence in my kids' school. I want to know the teachers; I want to know the other parents.' Being Vogue, though, the conversation eventually turns to clothes. Mrs. Obama said she is aware of how her wardrobe is being scrutinised, but she makes no apologies for her choices - even the Election Night combination of ripped-from-the-runway, fashion-forward dress and plain-Jane cardigan. Wu also designed the gown Mrs Obama wore on the night her husband was inaugurated as president Mrs Obama chose other designers she has worked with before for the Vogue photo shoot - including Narcisco Rodriguez, who designed her dress for Election Night, above 'I'm not going to pretend that I don't care about it,' she said. 'But I also have to be very practical. In the end, someone will always not like what you wear - people just have different tastes.' Hillary Clinton was the first First Lady to appear on the cover of Vogue for the December, 1998 issue She did choose outfits for the Vogue photos by labels she has worn before. They included Wu, who made her inaugural gown; Narcisco Rodriguez, the designer of that Election Night dress; and J. Crew, which she and her children have famously worn. Most cover models have their clothes chosen for them by Vogue, or at least editors work as advisers. Not this time. 'She doesn't need any help. She loves fashion and knows what works for her,' Vogue's editor at large Andre Leon Talley said. 'She's never had a conversation with me about, 'What do you think?' or 'How did this look?' And I'm glad for that.' Talley called his interview with Mrs Obama ahead of President Barack Obama's swearing-in ceremony 'one of the best experiences of my life.' 'She's so accessible, natural and normal. There's nothing affected about her,' he said. 'It's the warmest cover you've seen in a long time on Vogue,' he said. 'Models pose, actresses pose. This is a real woman.'	The Parisian Girl The Parisian Girl Yves Saint Lauren Yves Henri Donat Mathieu-Saint-Laurent, known as Yves Saint Laurent (August 1, 1936 – June 1, 2008), was an Algerian-born French fashion designer who was considered one of the greatest figures in French fashion in the 20th century. In 1985, Caroline Rennolds Milbank wrote, "The most consistently celebrated and influential designer of the past twenty-five years, Yves Saint Laurent can be credited with both spurring the couture's rise from its sixties ashes and with finally rendering ready-to-wear reputable". Yves Mathieu-Saint-Laurent was born in Oran, Algeria, which at the time was a French colony. According to Alice Rawsthorn, his family was among the most prominent in Oran. His father, Charles, a descendant of Baron Mathieu de Mauvières (who officiated at the wedding of Napoleon Bonaparte and Josephine de Beauharnais), was the president of an insurance company and the owner of a chain of movie theatres. His mother, Lucienne-Andrée (née Wilbaux), the daughter of a Belgian engineer and his Spanish wife, passed her sense of fashion and style on to her son. Yves was the oldest child, born just over a year after his parents' marriage; two daughters, Michèle and Brigitte, followed. Unlike most French children, Yves and his sisters were not directly affected by World War II, as their father was not called up and Algeria was far enough away from France that it was spared the worst of its defeat and occupation. Yves was severely bullied while at school; he once told a reporter, "Whenever they picked on me, I'd say to myself, 'One day you'll be famous'. That was my way of getting back at them." He found a refuge at home, where his parents allowed him to use an empty room to act out performances of plays by Molière and Giraudoux for his family. He eagerly devoured the theatre reviews in the French magazine Vogue, and became fascinated not just by the descriptions of the plays but also by the descriptions of the costumes. This led him to study the fashion sections of Vogue as well, and soon he was as interested in fashion design as he was in the theatre. In 1950, Yves submitted three sketches to a contest for young fashion designers organized by the International Wool Secretariat. He won third prize and was invited to attend the awards ceremony in Paris in December of that year. While he and his mother were in Paris, they met Michel de Brunhoff, editor-in-chief of the Paris edition of Vogue. de Brunhoff, a kindly man who enjoyed encouraging new talent, was impressed by the sketches Yves brought with him and suggested he eventually consider a course of study at the Chambre Syndicale de la Couture, the council which regulated the haute couture industry and provided training to its employees. Yves followed his advice and, leaving Oran for Paris after graduation, began his studies at the Chambre Syndicale, but he found the syllabus frustrating and left after a few months. Later that same year, Yves entered the International Wool Secretariat competition again and won, beating out his friend Fernando Sanchez and a young German student named Karl Lagerfeld. Shortly after his win, he brought a number of sketches to de Brunhoff who recognized in them close similarities to sketches he had been shown that morning by Christian Dior, a leading haute couturier. Knowing that Dior had created the sketches that morning and that the young man could not have seen them, de Brunhoff sent him to Dior, who hired him on the spot. Although Dior recognized his talent immediately, Yves spent his first year at the House of Dior on mundane tasks, such as decorating the studio and designing accessories. Eventually, however, he was allowed to submit sketches for the couture collection; with every passing season, more of his sketches were accepted by Dior. In August 1957, Dior met with Yves's mother to tell her that he had chosen Yves to succeed him as designer. His mother later said that she had been confused by the remark, as Dior was only 52 years old at the time. Both she and her son were surprised wh	trivia_qa.jsonl
1,504,674	In which year was the maximum speed limit of 70 mph introduced in the UK?	On This Day: 70mph speed limit imposed on motorways On This Day: 70mph speed limit imposed on motorways Julian Gavaghan Pin it Share DECEMBER 22, 1965: Britain’s 70mph top speed limit was imposed on motorways on this day in 1965 – in what was supposed to be only a temporary measure. The trial was introduced due to the high number of accidents while drivers were free to go as fast as they liked after the first highway – the M1 – was opened in 1959. The two-year experiment by the Department of Transport was deeply unpopular and led to protest campaigns by motoring groups such as the RAC and AA. Silent British Pathé footage shows hundreds of – mostly male - drivers attending a demonstration at Newport Pagnell service station on the M1 in Buckinghamshire. But by 1967 – when Transport Secretary Barbara Castle made her decision to make the speed limit permanent – polls showed 61 per cent of Britons were in favour. This was due to studies by the Government’s Road Research Laboratory that showed casualties had been cut by 20 per cent and 60 lives had been saved. However, motoring groups and manufacturers still doubted the report’s finding and demanded the speed limit was scrapped. Lord Chesham, executive vice-chairman of the RAC, then said: 'There are enough red herrings in this report to fill the hold of the largest Grimsby trawler.' Today, Britain’s top speed limit is one of the slowest in Europe and there have been repeated calls to increase it. For example, France, Holland, Austria and Denmark are among 17 countries on the continent where motorists can legally drive at 80mph (130km/h) on their motorways. Notably, Germany has no speed limit on the majority of its autobahn, although drivers’ insurance is voided if they crash while going over 80mph. The British Government had intended to raise the speed limit - but allegedly ditched the plans amid fears that it would alienate women voters. Former Transport Secretary Philip Hammond had in 2011 claimed the 70mph limit had been 'discredited' and a rise to 80mph would boost the economy. [On This Day: 'Birdman' Gerard Masselin dies after parachute fails] But Patrick McLoughlin, who now fills the Cabinet post, said in June this year that the move was no longer a priority. Polls have shown a majority of drivers would support the move, but significant numbers of women were against it. Speed limits for motorists were first enforced in Britain in 1861. The 1965 'red flag' amendment to the Locomotives Act (since early cars were called 'light locomotives') required vehicles to drive at 2mph in towns while a man walked 60 yards in front either waving a banner or carrying a lantern. Read More But limits, which later rose to 20mph, were abolished in 1931 after being 'so universally disobeyed that its maintenance brought the law into contempt'.	UK Number One Songs of the 70s UK Number One Songs of the 70s Updated on November 15, 2015 Source The 1970s Number One Songs on Video 1970s popular music in the UK proved that variety is the spice of life, and the Number One hit songs of the decade reflect this phenomenon. From 1970 onwards, the music scene in Britain changed dramatically and a myriad of musical styles reinforced the varying tastes of the average record buyer. Some of the most popular styles that took the British charts by storm were Glam Rock at the beginning of the decade, progressing to Disco and Punk Rock towards the end. In between saw novelty records, the progression of the rock single and the continuing evolution of teen pop, represented by the likes of David Cassidy, Donny Osmond and the Bay City Rollers. Most of these styles and artists were very popular for a time, and their records sold by the shed load. To see the musical changes across the decade is a fascinating exercise, and so this page brings together all the Number One hits from the UK in a video package, together with some short comments regarding each one. The source for this compilation is the Record Retailer/Music Week chart, which was broadcast by the BBC each Sunday evening. Source Matthews' Southern Comfort UK Number One Hits of 1970 31st Jan (5 weeks) Edison Lighthouse - Love Grows (Where My Rosemary Goes): Only ever UK Number One for this studio act. Lead singer Tony Burrows also sang on hits for many other groups. 7th Mar (3 weeks) Lee Marvin - Wandrin' Star: Only UK Number One for this actor with a song from the film Paint Your Wagon. 28th Mar (3 weeks) Simon & Garfunkel - Bridge Over Troubled Water: Surprisingly, the duo's only ever UK Number One. Only Art Garfunkel sings on this classic, but Paul Simon went on to greater solo success, even though he never had a UK Number One again, while Garfunkel did. 18th Apr (2 weeks) Dana - All Kinds Of Everything: First Eurovision Song Contest winner for Ireland. Her chart career was short-lived and this was her only UK Number One. 2nd May (2 weeks) Norman Greenbaum - Spirit In The Sky: Only ever UK Number One for Greenbaum with a self-penned song. Doctor & The Medics took the track to Number One again in 1986. 16th May (3 weeks) England World Cup Squad - Back Home: Mexico World Cup Football sing-along by the 1970 England team. 6th Jun (1 week) Christie - Yellow River: Only ever UK Number One for Jeff Christie with a song he wrote for the Tremeloes. They turned it down, so he recorded it himself. 13th Jun (7 weeks) Mungo Jerry - In The Summertime: First UK Number One for this group led by Ray Dorset. 1st Aug (6 weeks) Elvis Presley - The Wonder Of You: Elvis revived his career in Las Vegas and this was a live recording from his show. At this point, he was only one behind the Beatles as this was his 16th UK Number One. 12th Sep (1 week) Smokey Robinson & The Miracles - Tears Of A Clown: First UK Number One for Motown singer Smokey Robinson who would have to wait another 11 years before hitting the top spot again. 19th Sep (6 weeks) Freda Payne - Band Of Gold: Only ever UK Number One for this American actress. 31st Oct (3 weeks) Matthews' Southern Comfort - Woodstock: Written by Canadian folk legend Joni Mitchell, MSC's only UK Number One was about the famous rock festival of 1969. 21st Nov (1 week) Jimi Hendrix - Voodoo Chile: Posthumous Number One for the American guitar legend who died in London a couple of months earlier. 28th Nov (6 weeks) Dave Edmunds - I Hear You Knockin': Only ever UK Number One for Dave Edmunds who had further hit single success later in the Seventies. Source Slade UK Number One Hits of 1971 January 5 ( 3 weeks) Clive Dunn - Grandad: Only UK Number One for this Dad's Army star who gained sales on the back of seasonal sentimentality. January 26 (5 weeks) George Harrison - My Sweet Lord: First UK Number One for the ex-Beatle. Following the song's release, musical similarities between it and The Chiffons' hit He's So Fine led to a lengthy legal battle over the rights to the composition. March 2 (2 weeks) Mungo Jerr	trivia_qa.jsonl

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