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task097_conala_remove_duplicates
task097-6e0bbcf8faac4697abce34f3bd47a9bf
In this task you will be given a list of numbers and you should remove all duplicates in the list. If every number is repeated in the list an empty list should be returned. Your list should be numbers inside brackets, just like the given list. [4, 6, 4, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5]
[]
task067_abductivenli_answer_generation
task067-8643b67292524f07ba558d7f77b370e0
In this task, you're given the beginning and the ending of a three-part story. Your job is to complete the short story by writing a middle sentence that seamlessly connects the first and last sentence. Generated sentences must be short, have fewer than 10 words, and be simple as if narrating to a child. Avoid using any irrelevant extra information when creating the middle sentence, and use names (e.g. Jack, Barbara,...) instead of pronouns (e.g. he / she) wherever possible. Beginning: There once was a soldier named Colson. Ending: He came back home and lived a good long life.
He went off and fought in the war but survived.
task002_quoref_answer_generation
task002-7b5304e015b14d7681e538c9cfbe800b
In this task, you're expected to write answers to questions involving multiple references to the same entity. The answer to the question should be unambiguous and a phrase in the paragraph. Most questions can have only one correct answer. Passage: During a Fitzroy Football Club benefit concert with other Neighbours cast members, Minogue performed "I Got You Babe" as a duet with actor John Waters, and "The Loco-Motion" as an encore. She was subsequently signed to a recording contract with Mushroom Records in 1987. Her first single, "The Locomotion", spent seven weeks at number one on the Australian singles charts and became the country's highest-selling single in the 1980s. She received the ARIA Award for the year's highest-selling single. Its success resulted in Minogue travelling to England with Mushroom Records executive Gary Ashley to work with producers Stock, Aitken & Waterman. They knew little of Minogue and had forgotten that she was arriving; as a result, they wrote "I Should Be So Lucky" while she waited outside the studio. The song reached number one in the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany, Finland, Switzerland, Israel and Hong Kong. Minogue won her second consecutive ARIA Award for the year's highest-selling single, and received a "Special Achievement Award". Minogue's debut album, Kylie was released in July 1988. The album was a collection of dance-oriented pop tunes and spent more than a year on the UK Albums Chart, including several weeks at number one. The album went gold in the United States, and the single, "The Locomotion", reached number three on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart, and number one on the Canadian Singles Chart. The single "Got to Be Certain" became her third consecutive number one single on the Australian music charts. Later in the year, she left Neighbours to focus on her music career. Minogue also collaborated with Jason Donovan for the song "Especially for You", which peaked at number-one in the United Kingdom and in December 2014 sold its one millionth copy in the UK. Minogue was sometimes referred to as "the Singing Budgie" by her detractors over the coming years. In a review of the album Kylie for AllMusic, Chris True described the tunes as "standard, late-80s ... bubblegum", but added, "her cuteness makes these rather vapid tracks bearable".Minogue's second album Enjoy Yourself was released in October 1989. The album was a success in the United Kingdom, Europe, New Zealand, Asia and Australia and spawned number one singles "Hand on Your Heart" and "Tears on My Pillow". However, it failed to sell well throughout North America and Minogue was dropped by her American record label Geffen Records. She then embarked on her first concert tour, the Enjoy Yourself Tour, in the United Kingdom, Europe, Asia and Australia in February 1990. She was also one of the featured vocalists on the remake of "Do They Know It's Christmas?". Minogue's debut film, The Delinquents was released in December 1989. The movie received mixed reviews by critics but proved popular with audiences. In the UK it grossed more than £200,000, and in Australia, it was the fourth-highest grossing local film of 1989 and the highest grossing local film of 1990. Question: What is the name of the person that had the Enjoy Yourself Tour?
Minogue.
task750_aqua_multiple_choice_answering
task750-c00f52562a4448a9b565ceb86efcca78
You are given a math word problem and you are supposed to make use of mathematical concepts like probability, combinatorics, linear equations, sequences/series, or simple operators like addition, subtraction, division, or multiplication to answer the given question. Choose the best option from the 5 given options and report that option. Question: A certain industrial loom weaves 0.13 meters of cloth every second. Approximately how many seconds will it take for the loom to weave 15 meters of cloth? Option A: 114 Option B: 115 Option C: 116 Option D: 117 Option E: 118
Option B
task1347_glue_sts-b_similarity_classification
task1347-5fd3267708f14153b956af250abb6526
Evaluate the similarity between them and classify them into classes from 0-5 as follows: 0 : The two sentences are completely dissimilar. 1 : The two sentences are not equivalent, but are on the same topic. 2 : The two sentences are not equivalent, but share some details. 3 : The two sentences are roughly equivalent, but some important information differs/missing. 4 : The two sentences are mostly equivalent, but some unimportant details differ. 5 : The two sentences are completely equivalent, as they mean the same thing. Sentence 1: The woman is slicing fish cake. Sentence 2: The woman is riding a horse.
1
task303_record_incorrect_answer_generation
task303-7a8a0a784e6e424da5ee453acbf6b264
In this task, you will be presented with a passage, and you need to write an **implausible** answer to to fill in the place of "_". Your answer should be incorrect, but should not be out of context. Try using words that are related to the context of the passage, but are not the correct answer. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. A retiring Centre Court official has defended the decision to ban racing champion Lewis Hamilton from the Royal Box at Wimbledon. Steward Alan Chalmers, 72, has handled VIP guests at every Centre Court match for the last 40 years and has now spoken out about the incident. He said: 'Wimbledon is not a beach in Marbella, it's a major tennis tournament.' Hamilton, 30, was due to sit alongside Benedict Cumberbatch and Anna Wintour on July 12 to watch Novak Djokovic clinch his third Wimbledon title against Roger Federer. But the driver was sent away by officials after turning up in a rather colourful ensemble, which included a bright floral shirt and panama hat.Wimbledon official has defended banning Lewis Hamilton from Royal BoxAlan Chalmers has worked with VIP guests at Centre Court for 40 yearsHe said: 'Wimbledon is not a beach in Marbella, it's a major tournament'Racing driver Hamilton was booted out of the enclosure for not being dressed appropriately - he wore a floral shirt instead of a jacket and tie Question:A _ spokesman said: 'If [Hamilton] was not adequately dressed you could infer that he would not have been let in, but we do not comment on our guests.'
Steward Alan Chalmers
task1726_mathqa_correct_answer_generation
task1726-d87d5e2f82e14a7ebfc643fd054b895e
The task is to generate the correct answer for a given math problem. Problem: in the youth summer village there are 125 people , 50 of them are not working , 25 of them have families and 75 of them like to sing in the shower . what is the largest possible number of people in the village , which are working , that do n ' t have families and that are singing in the shower ?
75
task389_torque_generate_temporal_question
task389-25678171c4c2479abd690ad0480cc9b9
In this task, a passage will be given and the goal is to generate a question about temporal relations based on that passage. A temporal relation describes the relation between two things with respect to time e.g., something happens/starts/terminates/... immediately/shortly/usually/... before/after/during/... something else. Your question should include an event, or ask about an event, and should not be a yes/no question. Passage: He took Polly Peck, once a small fabric wholesaler, and used it at as a base to build a conglomerate that has been doubling its profits annually since 1980. In September, it announced plans to acquire the tropical-fruit business of RJR Nabisco Inc.'s Del Monte foods unit for #557 million ($878 million).
What usually happens after took?
task310_race_classification
task310-156fd0812f874daa957422aa7bef1dbb
In this task, you're given an article, a question which often contains a blank, four options (associated with "A", "B", "C", "D") and the answer to that question. Your task is to classify whether the given answer is correct or not by providing "Yes" or "No", based on the article. Article: Nowadays, most of us live a busy life. What do you do to keep yourself relaxed? Besides spending time with family, having a glass of wine with friends or reading a book, how about a hobby? Personally, I'm a collector. I like blue and white pieces the best---blue and white anything!Plates,jars,vases, cups, bowls---I love them all. Collecting items is like something you can't get enough of. You get one, and you want to have more. I find collecting to be a fun and inspirational hobby. In many ways, it's like a puzzle I'm never tired of solving. I look high and low for new pieces to add to my collection. I can often be found visiting Marshell's, looking over their inexpensive offerings. In fact, I found one of my favorite pieces there. I've mixed inexpensive pieces from Marshell's with more expensive finds. A lot of times, it's the piece I'm not looking for that falls into my lap; I find a way to make it part of my blue and white family. What I love about my collection is that when I get inspired, I can move them around the house, mix and match and make things look fresh and new. Ever since I was a little girl, blue has been my favorite color1. I think I got it from my aunt in Mexico. Some of my earliest memories are visiting her in Mexico and sitting on a chair in her kitchen, which had blue and white tiles from the floor to the ceiling. I would spend countless hours admiring all the beautiful blue and white plates and shiny blue tiles around her kitchen. Once I had a home, I began to build my own blue and white collection. Question: We can infer that in the writer's opinion, _ . Options: (A) having a hobby can help us relax (B) reading a book alone is really boring (C) keeping a hobby is not easy for most of people (D) having a glass of wine with friends is not a good idea Asnwer: A
Yes
task303_record_incorrect_answer_generation
task303-804463cbe87348a2af3ddc4350c213d4
In this task, you will be presented with a passage, and you need to write an **implausible** answer to to fill in the place of "_". Your answer should be incorrect, but should not be out of context. Try using words that are related to the context of the passage, but are not the correct answer. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. Playing with Thierry Henry turned Bradley Wright-Phillips into the MLS's top goal scorer last season. The duo had chemistry and the result was one of those seasons that will be hard to beat, with the Englishman scoring 27 goals in 32 games and winning the league's golden boot. Doing it again might be a lot tougher. Henry, the French international who brought immense talent and recognition to the league, has retired and Wright-Phillips is going to have to go through an adjustment period. Bradley Wright-Phillips (left) didn't have a shot in the Red Bulls' season opener against Sporting Kansas CityThierry Henry retired from football at the end of the seasonBradley Wright-Phillips was the MLS's top scorer last yearNew York Red Bulls striker says he won't change playing styleEnglishman also insists he has no desire of returning to play in Europe Question:The _ have revamped their roster and Henry isn't the only one gone.
Bradley Wright-Phillips
task679_hope_edi_english_text_classification
task679-1b152ef0310046f0a4ad5f04440b68d9
Classify the given comment into 'Hope Speech' or 'Not Hope Speech'. A hope speech is defined as content that is encouraging, positive or supportive contents and talks about equality, diversity or inclusion @whatareyoutalkinabeet that's rich
Not Hope Speech
task183_rhyme_generation
task183-b6e1f5ca0d7a4dd19d9783c91f7464a6
Given an input word generate a word that rhymes exactly with the input word. If not rhyme is found return "No" tool
hoole
task405_narrativeqa_question_generation
task405-12721d5b88a24d649fc5e91a4e9d8903
You will be given a summary of a story. You need to create a question that can be answered from the story. You can create a question about characters, events, facts and beliefs, etc. Your question should be specific, try not to use pronouns instead of full names. As the stories are sometimes movie plots, they will contain actor names in parentheses. You should not use those names. Only use character names. Try to ask a question about all parts of the plot, not just the beginning. The novel follows the life and career of Henry Coningsby, the orphan grandson of a wealthy marquess, Lord Monmouth. Lord Monmouth initially disapproved of Coningsby's parents' marriage, but on their death he relents and sends the boy to be educated at Eton College. At Eton Coningsby meets and befriends Oswald Millbank, the son of a rich cotton manufacturer who is a bitter enemy of Lord Monmouth. The two older men represent old and new wealth in society. As Coningsby grows up he begins to develop his own liberal political views, and falls in love with Oswald's sister Edith. When Lord Monmouth discovers these developments he is furious and secretly disinherits his grandson. On his death, Coningsby is left penniless, and is forced to work for his living. He decides to study law and become a barrister. This proof of his character impresses Edith's father (who had previously also been hostile) and he consents to their marriage at last. By the end of the novel Coningsby is elected to Parliament for his new father-in-law's constituency and his fortune is restored. The character of Coningsby is based on George Smythe. The themes, and some of the characters, reappear in Disraeli's later novels Sybil, and Tancred.
Where does Henry Coningsby attend college?
task356_casino_classification_negotiation_self_need
task356-a375753327074b5193d6664dbfeefc1e
The input is taken from a negotiation between two participants who take the role of campsite neighbors and negotiate for Food, Water, and Firewood packages, based on their individual preferences and requirements. Given an utterance and recent dialogue context containing past 3 utterances (wherever available), output Yes if the utterance contains the self-need strategy, otherwise output No. self-need is a selfish negotiation strategy. It is used to create a personal need for an item in the negotiation, such as by pointing out that the participant sweats a lot to show preference towards water packages. Context: 'How many wood do you think you need?' 'I would like 2 of the firewood. What do you think? ' 'I don't need wood as I am usually warm so I think we can work out a deal. I like to have more water and I usually get thirsty.' Utterance: 'That sounds good to me. 🙂 I think we can make a good deal.'
No
task337_hateeval_classification_individual_en
task337-9c1498e7cc68444883a75fdc22c4645c
In this task, you are given a hateful post in English from online platforms. You are expected to classify the target being harassed in the post as individual or generic, i.e., single person or a group of people. Note that the URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link]. Post: ALSO PRETTY SURE YOU DON'T HAVE THE RIGHT TO BE A PSYCHOTIC CUNT TO YOUR EX WHEN YOU'RE THE TRIFLING ASS WHORE WHO CHEATED IN THE 1ST PLACE
Generic
task633_dbpedia_14_answer_generation
task633-64d167bbff0b423abbf7a9c1de58ccd2
In this task, you are given a text which is the body of a document. You are given a question and options. Pick the correct number. Don't generate anything else apart from the numbers provided in options. Context: Émile Moreau (1877–1959) was a French playwright and screenwriter. In co-operation with Victorien Sardou he wrote the plays Madame Sans-Gêne (1893) and Cleopatre (the basis for the 1917 film Cleopatra). He also wrote the play Les Amours de la reine Élisabeth and the script for its film adaptation. He was one of the co-founders of the Indian bookstore chain A H Wheeler & Co. Question: The document can be classified to which topic? Options: 1)Plant, 2)Animal, 3)Artist, 4)OfficeHolder, 5)Village
3
task1551_every_ith_element_from_kth_element
task1551-9871c6bec8344a7c8f4f5f844d3bbfda
In this task, you are given inputs k, i, and A, where k and i are integers and A is a list. You need to find every ith element of A starting from the kth element. The process stops when the position of the next ith element exceeds the length of the list. 1, 3, ['I', 'e', 'U', 'q', '1953', 'O']
I, q
task1601_webquestions_answer_generation
task1601-c3f767dc360b4b88915b54f685be7220
Based on the given question and tppic, give an answer. The answer is available on on the internet. The questions are mostly centered around a single named entity. concept: Mexico question: what currency do mexico use?
['Mexican peso']
task337_hateeval_classification_individual_en
task337-74523b9d20d24ed0a26aa9c7d5a0fab8
In this task, you are given a hateful post in English from online platforms. You are expected to classify the target being harassed in the post as individual or generic, i.e., single person or a group of people. Note that the URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link]. Post: Imagine as a parent giving birth to a hoe like Shamiso who gives out her pussy for cash? S/O to women who work hard for their own things
Individual
task159_check_frequency_of_words_in_sentence_pair
task159-2cb1120dc1dd43fd9dc154610be18776
In this task, answer 'Yes' if the frequency of the given word in the two sentences is equal, else answer 'No'. Sentence1: 'two adult sheep surrounding a lam near a gate', Sentence2: 'a group of young boys standing behind two microphones'. Is the frequency of the word 'lam' in two sentences equal?
No
task581_socialiqa_question_generation
task581-e50797d265ce4dec8cfcec27d726dc7d
In this task, you're given context and an answer. Your task is to generate the question for this answer based on the given context with commonsense reasoning about social situations.. Context: Cameron did their job well when he knew a promotion was possible. Answer: be recognized next
What will Cameron want to do next?
task1217_atomic_answer_generation
task1217-fe23c33454304c9ca7201b127afb1057
In this task, you are given a sentence with a missing word that can be an object, a person, and/or an action. Fill in the blank with a plausible word. Although each sentence has many correct answers, you only have to write one answer. PersonX washes the ___ away
oil
task183_rhyme_generation
task183-d81de3576e6c49a7a4d0df41d9f8a69b
Given an input word generate a word that rhymes exactly with the input word. If not rhyme is found return "No" list
cyst
task405_narrativeqa_question_generation
task405-d15c8f68acf84481aed756b85e549e6f
You will be given a summary of a story. You need to create a question that can be answered from the story. You can create a question about characters, events, facts and beliefs, etc. Your question should be specific, try not to use pronouns instead of full names. As the stories are sometimes movie plots, they will contain actor names in parentheses. You should not use those names. Only use character names. Try to ask a question about all parts of the plot, not just the beginning. The Prince of Parthia is written to be a Neo-Classical tragedy. It mostly follows the unities of time (happens in a short amount of time, usually 24 hours), place (happens in one place) and plot (one or few plot lines). It also has a five-act structure, and most of the characters follow decorum. However, with verisimilitude (or, the appearance of truth), the play is lacking. The idea that the entire plot line could happen within 24 to 48 hours is astonishing. In the first act, Phraates, an officer at court, and Gotarzes, a prince, discuss Prince Arsaces triumphal return from foreign wars. But, there is trouble at home. Vardanes, Arsaces brother, is jealous of his marital successes, and Thermusa, Arsaces stepmother and the Queen of Parthia wants to avenge her son Vonones who was killed by Arsaces for treason. Vardanes and his officer, Lysias, decide to use Thermusa s vengeance to destroy Arsaces. Meanwhile, Evanthe, whose dad, King Bethas, has been imprisoned, is in love with Arsaces. But Artabanus, the King of Parthia, has illicit feelings for Evanthe. The plot then moves into Act Two; when Vardanes and Lysias hear Arsaces tell Bethas that he loves Evanthe, they decide to tell King Artabanus that Arsaces is a traitor for sympathizing with Parthian enemies. And that is all; like most plays with a five-act structure, there are usually one or two acts that are just one scene. This keeps the five-act structure, but does not mess with the believability of the plot. By the time the plot reaches Act Three, Thermusa is very angry because she knows King Artabanus is lusting after someone else. She tells this to Vardanes, who decides to use this to destroy Arsaces and take the throne of Parthia for himself. Arsaces asks for Evanthe s hand in marriage in front of King Artabanus. Artabanus decides to let Arsaces have Evanthe because he promised Arsaces anything he wanted for being such an awesome child. Evanthe tells Arsaces that King Artabanus loves her, to which he replies that he loves her more. Vardanes then tells King Artabanus that Arsaces is a traitor. Act Four takes a sharp plot turn, which causes some incongruities. Phraates tells Gotarzes that he overheard Vardanes and Lysias talking about how they killed King Artabanus in his sleep. Vardanes and Lysias plan on blaming Arsaces, while Phraates and Gotarzes plan on telling the general Barzaphernes about who actually killed the king. Arsaces has been accused of the regicide and thrown in prison along with Bethas. They bond over their fear for Evanthe s safety. Thermusa enters the prison to kill Arsaces, but she sees a bloody ghost of King Artabanus, which causes her to brain herself against the wall, committing suicide. Barzaphernes appears and releases Arsaces. Together, they plan to get Vardanes and make Parthia right once more. In the exciting conclusion of Act Five, Vardanes comes on to Evanthe, but she does not like it. Before Vardanes can hurt Evanthe, Lysias runs in and tells Vardanes that Arsaces has escaped and knows of Vardanes plot. Then, a huge battle occurs, pitting Vardanes, Lysias and all of their followers against Arsaces, Barzaphernes, Phraates, Gotarzes and their men. Cleone, Evanthe s maid, watches the battle from a window. Cleone believes Arsaces was killed in the battle by Vardanes, but it was really Phraates. Cleone tells this to Evanthe, who drinks a vial of poison. When Arsaces, who has taken down Vardanes, hears of Evanthe s death, he impales himself on Barzaphernes sword. In the end, only Barzaphernes and Gotarzes live.
Who is the king lusting after?
task504_count_all_alphabetical_elements_in_list
task504-9e8f6bccb2f0445b862c02da798762b5
In this task, you are given an input list. A list contains several comma-separated items written within brackets. You need to return the count of all the alphabetical elements in the given list. Return 0 if no alphabetical element in the list ['3889', '909', '7681', '5489', '9407', 'U', '9159', '7935', '7703', 'h', '5785', 'U', 'r', '4675', 'e', '4981', '8779', '1377', '5859']
5
task595_mocha_answer_generation
task595-b40c72f2bb0d421c89684fc3e96b8c99
In this task, you're given a context passage, followed by a question that needs to be answered. Based on the paragraph, you must write unambiguous answers to the questions and your answer must refer to a specific phrase from the paragraph. If multiple answers seem to exist, write the answer that is the most plausible. I enjoy drinking tea. I made tea just this morning as a pleasant start to my day. I filled my kettle up with water and put it on the stove. I turned the heat all the way up so that the water would get hot quickly. When the kettle started to whistle, that let me know the water was hot. I poured the water into a mug, being very careful not to burn myself. I scooped out some tea leaves into a little tea infuser, which I put in my mug. After several minutes, I felt like the tea was probably strong enough to start drinking. I like to add a little honey to my tea to make it sweet. After I finished my cup of tea, there was enough hot water to make more! I poured water into a thermos, added more tea to the tea infuser, and sealed it up tight so that I'd have some nice strong tea ready to drink when I got to work. Question: How long will it take them to drink the tea?
Few minutes
task413_mickey_en_sentence_perturbation_generation
task413-2deef7b330c44ec4a3c0b5ec5c25bb88
Given a sentence, generate a new sentence by performing small changes on the sentence. Here, make sure that the changes are semantically related and syntactically similar to the input. And the generated sentence should have high commonsense plausibility, that is to have reasonable probability of it being true. You can eat soup with a pie .
You can eat soup with a spoon.
task1420_mathqa_general
task1420-3a2ae11a5ef14276a0bc8c284f533a07
In this task, you need to answer the given multiple-choice question on the general math. Classify your answers into 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', and 'e'. Problem: how many different positive integers exist between 10 ^ 4 and 10 ^ 5 , the sum of whose digits is equal to 2 ? Options: a ) 3 , b ) 4 , c ) 5 , d ) 6 , e ) 7
c
task405_narrativeqa_question_generation
task405-902ee0ab35194e06a9cab186dd072a5f
You will be given a summary of a story. You need to create a question that can be answered from the story. You can create a question about characters, events, facts and beliefs, etc. Your question should be specific, try not to use pronouns instead of full names. As the stories are sometimes movie plots, they will contain actor names in parentheses. You should not use those names. Only use character names. Try to ask a question about all parts of the plot, not just the beginning. Born into slavery in Edenton, NC in 1813, Linda has happy years as a young child with her brother, parents, and maternal grandmother, who are relatively well-off slaves in good positions. It is not until her mother dies that Linda even begins to understand that she is a slave. At the age of six, she is sent to live in the big house under the extended care of her mother's mistress, who treats her well and teaches her to read. After a few years, this mistress dies and bequeaths Linda to a relative. Her new masters are cruel and neglectful, and Dr. Flint, the father, takes an interest in Linda. He tries to force her into a sexual relationship with him when she comes of age. The girl resists his entreaties and maintains her distance. Knowing that Flint will do anything to get his way, as a young woman Linda consents to a relationship with a white neighbor, Mr. Sands, hoping he can protect her from Flint. As a result of their relations, Sands and Linda have two mixed-race children: Benjamin, often called Benny, and Ellen. Because they were born to a slave mother, they are considered slaves, under the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, which had been part of southern slave law since the 17th century. Linda is ashamed, but hopes this illegitimate relationship will protect her from assault at the hands of Dr. Flint. Linda also hopes that Flint would become angry enough to sell her to Sands, but he refuses to do so. Instead, he sends Linda to his son's plantation to be broken in as a field hand. When Linda discovers that Benny and Ellen are also to be sent to the fields, she makes a desperate plan. Escaping to the North with two small children would be nearly impossible. Unwilling either to submit to Dr. Flint's abuse or abandon her family, she hides in the attic of her grandmother Aunt Martha's cabin. She hopes that Dr. Flint, believing that she has fled to the North, will sell her children rather than risk having them escape as well. Linda is overjoyed when Dr. Flint sells Benny and Ellen to a slave trader secretly representing Sands. Promising to free the children one day, Sands assigns them to live with Aunt Martha. Linda becomes physically debilitated by being confined to the tiny attic, where she can neither sit nor stand. Her only pleasure is to watch her children through a tiny peephole. Mr. Sands marries and is elected as a congressman. When he takes the slave girl Ellen to Washington, D.C., to be an eventual companion for his newborn daughter, Linda realizes that he may never free their children. Worried that he will eventually sell them, she determines to escape with them to the North. But Dr. Flint continues to hunt for her, and leaving the attic is still too risky. After seven years in the attic, Linda finally escapes to the North by boat. Benny remains with Aunt Martha. Linda tracks down Ellen, by then nine years old and living in Brooklyn, New York, in the home of Sands cousin, Mrs. Hobbs. Linda is dismayed to see Ellen is being treated as a slave, after the institution was abolished in New York. She fears that Mrs. Hobbs will take Ellen back to the South and put her beyond her mother's reach. Linda finds work as a nursemaid for the Bruces, a family in New York City who treat her very kindly. Learning that Dr. Flint is still in pursuit, Linda flees to Boston, where she is reunited with her son Benny, who had also escaped. Dr. Flint claims that the sale of Benny and Ellen was illegitimate, and Linda is terrified that he will re-enslave her and her children. After a few years, Mrs. Bruce dies. Linda spends some time living with her children in Boston. She spends a year in England caring for Mr. Bruce's daughter, and for the first time in her life enjoys freedom from racial prejudice. When Linda returns to Boston, she sends Ellen to boarding school. Benny moves to California with Linda's brother William, who had also escaped to the North. Mr. Bruce remarries, and Linda takes a position caring for their new baby. Dr. Flint dies, but his daughter, Emily, writes to Linda to claim ownership of the fugitive slave. The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 is passed by Congress, making Linda and her children extremely vulnerable to capture and re-enslavement, as it requires cooperation by law enforcement and citizens of free states. Emily Flint and her husband, Mr. Dodge, arrive in New York to capture Linda. When the refugee goes into hiding, the new Mrs. Bruce offers to purchase her freedom. At first Linda refuses, unwilling to be bought and sold again, and makes plans to follow Benny to California. Mrs. Bruce buys Linda's freedom from Flint. Linda is grateful to Mrs. Bruce, but expresses disgust at the institution that required such a transaction. Linda notes that she has not yet realized her dream of making a home with her children. The book closes with two testimonials to its accuracy, one from Amy Post, a white abolitionist, and the other from George W. Lowther, a black anti-slavery writer.
How did Linda come to live in the Flint home?
task592_sciq_incorrect_answer_generation
task592-8fa71129925143ea815dc700b264cbe9
Given a scientific question, generate an incorrect answer to the given question. The incorrect answer should be a plausible alternative to the correct answer. The answer should be some other item belonging to the same category as the correct answer but should be incorrect. What are the only plants with a life cycle in which the gametophyte generation is dominant?
photoreactive
task405_narrativeqa_question_generation
task405-ab4d9c57c78440f79e21ce321b074fb0
You will be given a summary of a story. You need to create a question that can be answered from the story. You can create a question about characters, events, facts and beliefs, etc. Your question should be specific, try not to use pronouns instead of full names. As the stories are sometimes movie plots, they will contain actor names in parentheses. You should not use those names. Only use character names. Try to ask a question about all parts of the plot, not just the beginning. The secret of the title is the parentage of the heroine, Rosamund Treverton, who has been passed off as the daughter of the wealthy former actress Mrs Treverton of Porthgenna Tower, but is in fact the illegitimate child of her servant Sarah Leeson by a local miner (Mrs Treverton s motive was to provide her husband with a child, being apparently unable to bear children herself). Sarah writes down the details of the secret from the words of the dying Mrs Treverton, and hides the paper bearing the message in an unused room at Porthgenna. The novel then jumps forward some twenty years. Rosamund has married the blind Leonard Frankland, who now owns Porthgenna Tower. Sarah, under an assumed name, obtains a post as servant to the family, and gives Rosamund a cryptic warning to avoid the room in which the Secret is hidden. On a visit to Porthgenna, Rosamund finds the paper detailing the Secret and reveals it to Leonard. Leonard, who was originally deceived into thinking Rosamund was a wealthy heiress, accepts that his wife is illegitimate, but refuses to accept her inheritance. In the course of things, this would now pass to Mrs Treverton s miserly brother Andrew (whose introduction, together with his villainous servant, provides some comic relief in the novel). But Andrew Treverton, somewhat out of character, refuses to accept the windfall and Rosamund remains the heiress of the Trevertons in the expected happy ending.
What relationship does the real heir have to the Treverton inheritance?
task847_pubmedqa_question_generation
task847-816be0ecc05846a7995ff36240a0b13a
Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage. PS-341 (bortezomib, Velcade), the first proteasome inhibitor approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients with relapsed multiple myeloma, induces apoptosis in human cancer cell lines. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is an essential water-soluble vitamin required for many normal physiologic functions and has to be obtained through diet or supplemental tablets in humans. Here we studied the potential effect of vitamin C on the anticancer activity of PS-341 in human cancer cell lines.', 'The effects of vitamin C on apoptosis induction by PS-341 alone and by PS-341 combined with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand were studied. In addition, the effects of vitamin C and other antioxidants on PS-341-mediated proteasome inhibition were also examined. Finally, the direct chemical interaction between vitamin C and PS-341 was determined.', 'Vitamin C abrogated the ability of PS-341 to induce apoptosis in various human cancer cell lines, to induce G(2)-M arrest, and to augment apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand. Moreover, vitamin C suppressed PS-341-mediated inhibition of proteasome activity. PS-341 itself did not induce generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species whereas other antioxidants failed to abrogate its biological activity. Importantly, we detected a direct chemical interaction between vitamin C and PS-341.
Does vitamin C inactivate the proteasome inhibitor PS-341 in human cancer cells?
task1296_wiki_hop_question_answering
task1296-8f6af3bbaa114f5da0bc7647f1cf68fd
In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes). Context: For the song by Dream Evil of the same name , see here . And here for the INXS song of the same name `` By My Side '' is the first single off rapper Jadakiss 's third studio album , The Last Kiss . The song was produced by Eric Hudson and it features R&B singer Ne - Yo . It had reached good airplay , although it did not make it to the Billboard Hot 100 . It samples `` Teena Marie - I Need Your Lovin '', A stage name, also called a screen name, is a pseudonym used by performers and entertainers such as actors, comedians, and musicians., Shaffer Chimere Smith (born October 18, 1979), better known by his stage name Ne-Yo, is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, dancer, and actor. Ne-Yo gained fame for his songwriting abilities when he penned his 2004 hit "Let Me Love You" for singer Mario. The single's successful release in the United States prompted an informal meeting between Ne-Yo and Def Jam's label head, and the signing of a recording contract., Roc-A-Fella Records was an American record label founded by American recording artist Jay-Z, Damon Dash and Kareem "Biggs" Burke. It operated as an imprint of Def Jam, a division of IDJMG, a subsidiary of Universal Music Group., Eric Hudson (born October 15, 1986) is an American and Grammy award-winning music producer. , The Lox (stylized The LOX or The L.O.X.) is an American hip hop group formed in 1994, from Yonkers, New York. The group is composed of East Coast rappers Sheek Louch, Styles P and Jadakiss. They had originally signed to Sean Combs' Bad Boy Records in 1995, before joining Ruff Ryders Entertainment in 1999, and have since launched their own label, D-Block Records., Jason Phillips (born May 27, 1975), better known as Jadakiss, is an American rapper. He is a member of the group The LOX and the hip hop collective Ruff Ryders. Jadakiss is one of the three owners of the imprint known as D-Block Records. In early 2007, Jadakiss signed to Roc-a-Fella Records and Def Jam Records. Jadakiss has also released four studio albums, with the most recent being "Top 5 Dead or Alive" on November 20, 2015., Subject: by my side , Relation: follows, Options: (A) 18 (B) 1975 (C) 1979 (D) 2004 (E) 2015 (F) a (G) american (H) and (I) before (J) better (K) born (L) collective (M) d (N) dead (O) dead or alive (P) division (Q) eric (R) four (S) he is (T) hit (U) is (V) jay (W) love (X) love you (Y) may (Z) me love ([) music (\) name (]) new (^) new york (_) november (`) october (a) october 18 (b) on (c) or (d) p (e) release (f) roc (g) s (h) single (i) songwriter (j) stage (k) successful (l) the most (m) three (n) united (o) universal (p) x (q) yo (r) yonkers (s) you
new york
task1326_qa_zre_question_generation_from_answer
task1326-ef0285f1938748b4a28060ce8096b7b3
Generate a question which can yield the answer mentioned in the input. Generated question must be answered by the answer provided in input, without using any extra knowledge. Context : Mi-Hyun Kim (Korean: 김미현, born 13 January 1977) is a professional golfer from South Korea. Answer : golfer
What was Mi-Hyun Kim's occupation?
task303_record_incorrect_answer_generation
task303-a531b8f2265e43d0b5ef961ce300281f
In this task, you will be presented with a passage, and you need to write an **implausible** answer to to fill in the place of "_". Your answer should be incorrect, but should not be out of context. Try using words that are related to the context of the passage, but are not the correct answer. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. It's only logical that Kirstie Alley has been called out by Star Trek fans for paying tribute to the wrong Spock. The actress raised the heckles of Trekkies Sunday when she wrote a tribute on Twitter seemingly honoring a real-life celebrity child psychologist instead of the fictional science officer of USS Enterprise portrayed by the late actor Leonard Nimoy. 'Rest in peace Dr. Spock ... Xxxooo,' Alley wrote in a message accompanying a black-and-white still photograph of Nimoy as the half-Vulcan first officer under the command of Captain James T. Kirk. Scroll down for video Twitter gaffe: Kirstie Alley has been called out by Star Trek fans for calling Leonard Nimoy's character 'Dr Spock' instead of 'Mr Spock'Alley, 64, mixed up Nimoy's Mr Spock with Dr Spock, calling to mind the late pediatric psychoanalyst and bestselling author Dr Benjamin SpockThe Look Who's Talking star appeared in Star Trek: The Wrath of Khan, portraying Lt SaavikAlley defended her message in a follow-up tweet, insisting that her gaffe notwithstanding, the sentiment was the same Question:Alley, who was out of the country when _ passed away Friday at age 83, defiantly responded to the flurry of tweets about her gaffe about an hour later.
James T. Kirk
task384_socialiqa_question_classification
task384-483e1cc3c51347dea7cc164372ac89a6
In this task, you're given a context passage, an answer, and a question. Your task is to classify whether the question for this answer is correct or not, based on the given context with commonsense reasoning about social situations. If its correct ,return "True" else "False". Context: Kendall had really missed their little brother Quinn. He was so glad to see him. Answer: get close to his brother Question: Why did Kendall do this?
True
task1446_farthest_integers
task1446-4dbd91debac44f32b21de6a50e586f03
In this task you will be given a list of integers. You should find the maximum absolute difference between 2 integers in the list. The absolute difference is the absolute value of one integer subtracted by another. The output should be a single integer which is the largest possible absolute distance. [-22, -68, -9]
59
task565_circa_answer_generation
task565-2668615233b843eab267cac527a2fc72
In this task, you are given a question. Your task is to generate an answer that is relevant to the question. Are you relieved to get some time away?
It's been way too long since my last vacation.
task851_synthetic_multiply_evens
task851-a5a89efdee3d4d218045e59c76cff1e0
In this task you will be given a list, of lists, of integers. For every inner list contained in the input list, you should multiply every even number in that list. The output should be a list of integers with the same length as the number of lists in the input list. If there are no even numbers in an inner list you should output 0 for that list. [[26, -27, -20, -37], [34, 41, 42], [24, -45, -33, 4], [47, -19], [-26, -10], [9, -10, -47, 24, -28], [-35, 46], [-22, -14, -1, -9], [24, -11, 28, 11, -20], [-24, -27, 39], [24, 32]]
[-520, 1428, 96, 0, 260, 6720, 46, 308, -13440, -24, 768]
task582_naturalquestion_answer_generation
task582-d7170e778f294746b6425c906c887060
In this task, You are given an open-domain question that can be answered based on factual information. Your task is to provide \*short\* answer (in a few words only) for the given question. The short answer can be one or more entities or it can also be boolean \*yes\* or \*no\*. who received the golden buzzer on agt 2018
singer Michael Ketterer
task114_is_the_given_word_longest
task114-2d30769aa5384f02acd107a36e3700c6
In this task, you need to answer 'Yes' if the given word is the longest word (in terms of number of letters) in the given sentence, else answer 'No'. Note that there could be multiple longest words in a sentence as they can have the same length that is the largest across all words in that sentence. Sentence: 'a young child is playing a wii video game'. Is 'is' the longest word in the sentence?
No
task820_protoqa_answer_generation
task820-b1101cc6ecb44b278ea7352b1cbeee69
Write a correct answer for the question. You should reason about prototypical situations and provide the correct answer. Avoid answers that provide incomplete justification for the question. tell me something at a beach that begins with "s."
sand
task820_protoqa_answer_generation
task820-bf5d55cb2d04454a8cb707312be89a82
Write a correct answer for the question. You should reason about prototypical situations and provide the correct answer. Avoid answers that provide incomplete justification for the question. name something that is better when it is hot.
cocoa
task089_swap_words_verification
task089-7c1a555f6ee04b97896b32e50dccf078
In this task, positions of two consecutive words have been swapped. You need to output the position of the swaped words. e.g. in the sentence 'Seattle has nice a weather', the word 'a' and 'nice' have been swapped. These words are at 3rd and 4th position respectively. So, the output should be (3, 4). Note that the index of first word is 1. young Two girls getting pizza at a childs party
(1, 2)
task1661_super_glue_classification
task1661-c53c65e5ee47401e9b907bdc58230cf6
In this task, you are given Wikipedia articles on a range of topics as passages and a question from the passage. We ask you to answer the question by classifying the answer as 0 (False) or 1 (True) Passage: Manx pound -- UK notes and coins (whether from banks in England, Scotland, or Northern Ireland) are generally accepted in the Isle of Man, but Manx notes and coins are not generally accepted in the UK. To assist those travelling, the ATMs at the Sea Terminal, Douglas, and at Isle of Man Airport issue Bank of England notes only. A number of businesses accept euros. Question: can i spend manx money in the uk
0
task302_record_classification
task302-2307525670ed462188219185c466ed3d
In this task, you will be presented with a passage and have to answer a question based on your understanding of the events inferred from the passage. Among the entities, try to find the best entity that is most likely to fill in "_" and classify the answers based on options. (CNN) As House Democrats staged a sit-in in Congress in the wake of the shooting at a nightclub this month in Orlando, the public has again been left wondering if there is any politically feasible path to dealing with this country's problem with mass shootings. Of course, America isn't the only country to have experienced mass shootings. Australia suffered a string of them before deciding to take action back in 1996, when it responded with a complete ban on the possession of rapid-fire rifles and overall tightening of its overall gun regulation regime. The results have been stunning: The country has not had a single mass public shooting in 20 years.John J. Donohue: Strict gun control has worked in other countries, including AustraliaThere are four steps the United States should be taking right now, he says Questions:But when videos have surfaced urging extremists to take advantage of _'s lax gun laws, then you know it's well past time to examine what steps can be taken to diminish the chances of more mayhem. (A) CNN (B) House (C) Democrats (D) Congress (E) Orlando (F) America (G) Australia (H) John J. Donohue (I) United States
(F)
task428_senteval_inversion
task428-bb4eb5debbca4d3194598fd17ce6e74b
In this task you are given a sentence. You must judge whether there exist two consecutive words within the sentence with flipped orders, that is, whether the sentence will make sense and be correct if the order of two consecutive words changes. Label the instances as "Inversion" or "Original" based on your judgment. Not summertime warm, to be sure, but warm for a winter day here, and hot for a winter day anywhere else.
Original
task155_count_nouns_verbs
task155-569b4266ac21493b82a676f576cbe161
In this task, you need to count the number of nouns/verbs in the given sentence. Sentence: 'A black and white image of a man jumping on his skateboard'. Count the number of nouns in this sentence.
3
task1315_find_range_array
task1315-eec047d2b0ab472cbed3a57b23abc317
In this task, you are given a list of integers you need to calculate and return the range of the integers which is the difference between maximum and minimum element in the list. [467, 287, 271, 138, 423, 79, 443, 462, 407, 368, 344, 204, 114, 109, 495, 11, 179, 132, 475, 135]
484
task111_asset_sentence_simplification
task111-a8042c7be6da4ab1804b0903cae8f66c
Rewrite each original sentence in order to make it easier to understand by non-native speakers of English. You can do so by replacing complex words with simpler synonyms (i.e. paraphrasing), deleting unimportant information (i.e. compression), and/or splitting a long complex sentence into several simpler ones. The final simplified sentences need to be grammatical, fluent, and retain the main ideas of their original counterparts without altering their meanings. The first parallax measurement of the distance to Alpha Centauri is published by Thomas Henderson.
Thomas Henderson authored the first parallax measurement to Alpja Centauri.
task1288_glue_mrpc_paraphrasing
task1288-bcc4144cb2bd4bf1bdc255333ee784f3
You are given two sentences(Sentence1 and Sentence2). Answer "Yes" if these sentences are a paraphrase of one another, otherwise answer "No". Sentence1: Mr Neil said that according to the source , the report will say its inspectors have not even unearthed " minute amounts of nuclear , chemical or biological weapons material " ., Sentence2: According to the BBC , the group 's interim report will say its inspectors have not even unearthed " minute amounts of nuclear , chemical or biological weapons material " .
Yes
task067_abductivenli_answer_generation
task067-708e4ecf85204c639a0a6dcd8813e420
In this task, you're given the beginning and the ending of a three-part story. Your job is to complete the short story by writing a middle sentence that seamlessly connects the first and last sentence. Generated sentences must be short, have fewer than 10 words, and be simple as if narrating to a child. Avoid using any irrelevant extra information when creating the middle sentence, and use names (e.g. Jack, Barbara,...) instead of pronouns (e.g. he / she) wherever possible. Beginning: Mandy liked two boys at her high school. Ending: She decided to date the shy boy because he was nice.
Mandy fell down, and one boy helped her, and the other laughed.
task1446_farthest_integers
task1446-ab666ec640a747448998fe544fead6b3
In this task you will be given a list of integers. You should find the maximum absolute difference between 2 integers in the list. The absolute difference is the absolute value of one integer subtracted by another. The output should be a single integer which is the largest possible absolute distance. [-25, -63, 12, -28]
75
task080_piqa_answer_generation
task080-e4c66908fd55474d99b671e6cc429da2
In this task the focus is on physical knowledge about the world. Given the provided goal task in the input, describe a process that would lead to the asked outcome. This process often involves physical motions with objects, such as moving them, arranging them in a certain way, mixing them, shaking them, etc. To thicken up a macaroni and cheese recipe,
add a small amount of flour to the noodles and cheese while cooking.
task303_record_incorrect_answer_generation
task303-9f19dadd2ebd4a45881e7cd43dafe609
In this task, you will be presented with a passage, and you need to write an **implausible** answer to to fill in the place of "_". Your answer should be incorrect, but should not be out of context. Try using words that are related to the context of the passage, but are not the correct answer. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. A political operative has sued presidential campaign adviser David Axelrod over Axelrod's claim that he came up with the attack strategy that saved an embattled Philadelphia mayor in 2003. Philadelphia campaign consultant Frank Keel said it was his idea to blame Republicans for an FBI listening device found in Democratic Mayor John Street's office. Keel considers the decision to attack then-President George W. Bush's Republican administration 'a defining moment' of his career, according to his lawsuit. 'His brazen and successful handling of the crisis launched Keel to the forefront of his profession,' said the legal filing, filed earlier this week and first reported on by The Philadelphia Inquirer.Axelrod took credit in his memoir for a plan blaming GOP dirty-tricksters for a listening device the FBI planted in a Philadelphia mayor's office as part of a criminal probeBut another Democratic operative claims it was all his idea – and Axelrod thought it was a bad oneIt's the second time the Obama confidant's book has been branded dishonestA Mitt Romney aide said last month that Axelrod lied when he wrote that the Republican candidate suggested on Election Night 2012 that Obama only won because his outreach targeted black votersAxelrod has a long career in Democratic politics and landed a six-figure consulting contract with Britain's Labour Party during this year's elections Question:The personal aide of one-time Republican presidential nominee Mitt Romney blasted him last month for writing that Romney had claimed President _'s 2012 election victory was the product of an aggressive get-out-the-vote operation tageting blacks.
Democratic
task460_qasper_answer_generation
task460-b920003b202d425e9dce1bb302a66b21
In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question separated with a . You have to answer the question based on the context. We evaluate our cross-lingual pre-training based transfer approach against several strong baselines on two public datatsets, Europarl BIBREF31 and MultiUN BIBREF32, which contain multi-parallel evaluation data to assess the zero-shot performance. Question: which datasets did they experiment with?
Europarl MultiUN
task1290_xsum_summarization
task1290-f0bd71b80b6848f693d7293d1aba073b
In this task, you are given an article. Your task is to summarize the article in a sentence. The State of Britain's Dormice report also shows that hazel dormice are extinct in 17 English counties. The researchers assessed more than 100,000 records gathered from across the UK over 25 years. The report says the dormouse is now vulnerable to extinction in Britain. Since 1998 trained volunteers around the country have been gathering data on the tiny hazel dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius). It is one of the longest-running small mammal monitoring projects in the world. The creatures live mainly in hedgerows and woods, weaving ball-like nests in the undergrowth from bark in the summer and hibernating on or near the ground in winter between October and May. They are extremely tricky to locate - a populated area the size of two football fields will only contain four dormice. A giveaway sign is a nibbled hazelnut. Today's report shows that they are more difficult to find than ever. Over the last 16 years, the population has declined by almost 40%. Populations are now restricted to the Welsh borders and southern England. They have never been recorded in Scotland or Northern Ireland. Ian White is dormouse officer at the People's Trust for Endangered Species. He has been monitoring the species for the last decade and describes the decline as "dramatic". He says: "Dormice have been around for 40 million years, but their future in Britain is now precarious and there's a pressing need for action to ensure their long-term survival." In 1885, dormice were present in 49 English counties; today, they're known in 32 - excluding those counties where they have been reintroduced. Mr White said the evidence pointed towards a few key factors in their decline. They are a woodland animal and there has been a loss of woodland and hedgerows. Their habitats are more fragmented and they can't disperse through the landscape. The management of farmland and woodland has also changed making it harder for them to survive. They are also vulnerable to changes in the weather, in particular wetter springs and summers, when foraging for food becomes harder. Warmer winters also interrupt successful hibernation. Mr White said: "This is a sad tale, the raw data is a bit doom and gloom but my personal experience is that there is a lot more interest in what we can do about this and a lot of enthusiasm from the public to help." There have been efforts to bring hazel dormice back to the wild. More than 850 animals have been reintroduced at 26 sites. The latest was at Aysgarth in Wensleydale in June. At five of these release sites the population has died. The others have shown signs of success, such as breeding or dispersal to new areas beyond the site. PTES monitors 400 sites regularly along with building a national dataset from the information that the public sends in. They also help to train woodland managers and landowners. Follow Claire on Twitter
Britain's native dormouse has declined by more than a third since the year 2000 according to a new report by wildlife charity, the People's Trust for Endangered Species.
task063_first_i_elements
task063-40690b45ee57466ba1efeff171d913c7
In this task, you are given inputs i and A, where i is an integer and A is a list. You need to output the first i elements of A, starting with the 1st element in A. i will always have a value less than the length of A 8, ['4735', 'a', 't', 'D', 'C', 'Z', '8769', '5473', '9709', 'A', '4831', 'q', 'r', 'q', '6053', '7349', 'q', '9217', 'e', 'a', 'q', '6915', 'Y', 'H']
4735, a, t, D, C, Z, 8769, 5473
task905_hate_speech_offensive_classification
task905-58a6460a9a444e61a7d820ee223173cb
You are given a text of the tweet and a corresponding label whether this tweet is 'Offensive', 'Hate Speech' or 'Neither'. Your job is to identify if the label is correct. Generate label 'true' if it's correct, 'false' otherwise. Tweet: @FattyyTooRaw well Ontario is like kind of a dump now that the ghetto moved here since its cheaper to live here so.. 😂 Label: Neither
true
task376_reverse_order_of_words
task376-76f6a633eae344da8e6f3484da408746
In this task, you need to reverse the order of words in the given sentence. Sentence: a group of young men playing a game on a green grass covered field
field covered grass green a on game a playing men young of group a
task610_conllpp_ner
task610-40222d44ed784ef89881e0229b132ed2
In this task, you are given a text from a post. Your task is to find all of the proper nouns and label them. The labels are <B-PER>, <I-PER> for persons; <B-ORG>, <I-ORG> for organizations; <B-LOC>, <I-LOC> for locations; and <B-MISC>, <I-MISC> for other nouns. The capital 'B' denotes the first word of a proper noun phrase. The capital 'I' denotes all following words of the same noun phrase. If a word is not a part of a proper noun phrase, do not label it. - The Bosnian federation launches a common payment system on Friday .
- The Bosnian <B-MISC> federation launches a common payment system on Friday .
task605_find_the_longest_common_subsequence_in_two_lists
task605-4a9f8318d49b4275bcdeef2e76d885a5
In this task, you are given two lists A,B. Find the longest common subsequence in the lists A and B. ['Q', 'E', 3763, 'e', '6487', 'S', '997', 'W', 'W', '8249', 'G', '5245', '3473', 'z', 'V', '3425', 'x', '7495', '1801', '5331', '5131', '9843', '8227', '2703', 'h', '9309', '9501', 'O', '4977', 'j', '2969', '7813', 'V', 'u', 1595, 'e', 'z', 'u', 'z', 1519, 'Q', 7165, 'a', 'z', 1215, 715, 6191, 'b', 'k', 'V', 'O', 7349, 'z', 'i', 8783, 9691], ['J', 'N', 'J', 'H', 3497, 'u', 'q', 3485, 335, 'K', 849, 8845, 'h', 'L', 'P', '6487', 'S', '997', 'W', 'W', '8249', 'G', '5245', '3473', 'z', 'V', '3425', 'x', '7495', '1801', '5331', '5131', '9843', '8227', '2703', 'h', '9309', '9501', 'O', '4977', 'j', '2969', '7813', 'G', 6557]
6487, S, 997, W, W, 8249, G, 5245, 3473, z, V, 3425, x, 7495, 1801, 5331, 5131, 9843, 8227, 2703, h, 9309, 9501, O, 4977, j, 2969, 7813
task1289_trec_classification
task1289-135b054a5ec0469c979c538b7b9eaf4a
You are given a question. You need to detect which category better describes the question. A question belongs to the description category if it asks about description and abstract concepts. Entity questions are about entities such as animals, colors, sports, etc. Abbreviation questions ask about abbreviations and expressions abbreviated. Questions regarding human beings, description of a person, and a group or organization of persons are categorized as Human. Quantity questions are asking about numeric values and Location questions ask about locations, cities, and countries. Answer with "Description", "Entity", "Abbreviation", "Person", "Quantity", and "Location". When did Mount St. Helen last have a significant eruption ?
Quantity
task164_mcscript_question_answering_text
task164-e5183c1024b545ee85e290f2b984c275
You are given a paragraph (Passage), a question (Question) and two answer options (Option1 and Option2). Your task is to find the correct answer (and return the string of the correct option, not option1/2) for the given question from the given options and based on the given passage. Answer of the question can be found directly from the passage. Passage: One of my favorite things to do in the spring is to grow tasty vegetables that I can eat whenever I want . This year I decided that I was going to grow tomatoes . I already had some tomato seeds at my house , so all I had to do was go out to my garden and plant them in the ground . I began to water the spots where I had dropped the seeds every day so that my tomato plants would grow up big and strong . Many days of watering went by , and finally my tomato plants started to mature . It was so exciting ! Once they looked ripe and ready to eat , I picked my first tomato and used it to make my own special home made tomato sauce . I put it on my spaghetti and it tasted delicious . Question: What did they drop in the holes? Option1: tomato seeds Option2: cucumber seeds
tomato seeds
task390_torque_text_span_selection
task390-92f0fe6c66de4115af3561b0c7bb1633
In this task, you will be given a passage, a question and a list of single-word events identified from the passage. The goal is to point out all events from the given event list that can answer the question. If a question is unanswerable or none of the events answer the question, output should be empty. Passage: But that standoff became less important in the eyes of Cuban Americans here after Castro announced Wednesday that the boy's father, Juan Miguel Gonzalez, is ready to travel to the United States to take his son home. Gonzalez's lawyer, Greg Craig, asked for a visa Thursday for his client for the expected visit, but was told by U.S. State Department officials that Gonzalez himself had to apply for the visa at the U.S. diplomatic mission in Havana. Question: What event has already finished? Events: ['standoff', 'became', 'announced', 'is', 'travel', 'take', 'asked', 'visit', 'told', 'apply']
became
task325_jigsaw_classification_identity_attack
task325-cc7c39b3ab9b4da085a094eb1d7fbaad
In this task, you are given a public comment from online platforms. You are expected to classify the comment into two classes: identity-attack and non-identity-attack. Identity attack refers to anything rude or disrespectful about someone's identity, including appearance, race, gender, and sexual orientation. Comment: . . . and China can go to hell. /..
Identity-attack
task470_mrqa_question_generation
task470-5b168c45067f4de59dd46b3ad4b02e3e
Given a context passage, generate a question from the passage such that its answer is shortest continous span from the passage. The X-linked McLeod neuroacanthocytosis syndrome strongly resembles Huntington's disease and has been reported in various countries world-wide. Herein, we report two Chilean brothers with predominant psychiatric features at disease onset including schizophrenia-like psychosis and obsessive compulsive disorder. Molecular genetic analysis revealed a small deletion in the XK gene (938-942delCTCTA), which has been already described in a North American patient of Anglo-Saxon descent and a Japanese family, presenting with seizures, muscle atrophy or chorea yet absence of psychiatric features. These findings argue against a founder effect and indicate a profound phenotypic variability associated with the 938-942delCTCTA deletion. Our report supports the inclusion of McLeod syndrome in the differential diagnosis of Huntington's disease as well as acute psychosis in male subjects.
Mutation of which gene is associated with McLeod syndrome?
task323_jigsaw_classification_sexually_explicit
task323-a1fb6131b7d047498a6fe7dffe51b13e
In this task, you are given a public comment from online platforms. You are expected to classify the comment into two classes: sexual-explicit and non-sexual-explicit. A comment is considered sexual-explicit if it explicitly portrays sexual matters. Comment: Dion is a fool - not sad to see the door hit his ass on the way out !
Sexual-explicit
task1360_numer_sense_multiple_choice_qa_generation
task1360-58ba916bf1c246bb96656cde56fdd595
Given a sentence with a missing word, pick the answer option that best fills out the missing word in the sentence. Indicate each answer with its index ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd'). Stroke affects ____ out of five families and is the third leading cause of death.\Question: Choose the right answer from options given a) seven b) four c) ten d) six
b
task301_record_question_generation
task301-72e41b631c364c12b434df939b1cbb57
In this task, you will be shown a passage. You need to write a fill-in-the-gap question based on your understanding of the events that might be inferred from the passage. Your question should be answerable based on the passage and only have one correct answer. Show the gap in your question with a _ . (CNN) In a bizarre case of a state attorney suing a governor, lawyers for prosecutor Aramis Ayala and Florida Gov. Rick Scott argued Wednesday about whether Scott was justified in removing Ayala from cases in which she would not seek the death penalty. While no decision was reached, Florida Supreme Court judges heard both sides in the debate about an elected prosecutor's discretion in trying cases vs. a governor's role in considering how "justice would be best served." "What this court has repeatedly said is the absolute discretion of prosecutors to determine whether and how to prosecute cases," said Roy L. Austin Jr., the attorney representing Ayala.Prosecutor Aramis Ayala said she wouldn't seek the death penalty in alleged cop killer caseShe sued the governor over whether he has authority to reassign her cases
_'s lawsuit says the governor "has no power to remove her for exercising her prosecutorial discretion."
task083_babi_t1_single_supporting_fact_answer_generation
task083-43cb2fcbca184df9b93dd7374d2306ff
You will be given a passage consisting of set of facts and a question as input. The task is to answer a question of form 'Where is <person_name>?' using one of the given facts to determine the latest location of the person. Answer should be a word/phrase describing the location from the supporting fact. Avoid answers that are incomplete or incorrect. Passage: Daniel travelled to the bathroom. Sandra moved to the kitchen. Mary moved to the bedroom. Mary journeyed to the garden. Mary moved to the hallway. Sandra went back to the hallway. Mary went to the kitchen. John went to the garden. Question: Where is Mary?
kitchen
task1504_hatexplain_answer_generation
task1504-7c5b113aa3a2480ba3593998bc2f488a
The input is a tweet which can be Hate Speech or Offensive. Given such a tweet, output a phrase from the tweet that makes it hate speech or offensive. The output should contain only one such phrase. The output has to be from within the tweet itself. Do not generate words or phrases not present in the tweet. niggas is faggots 😂 😭 slime
niggas is faggots 😂 😭
task505_count_all_numerical_elements_in_list
task505-2bcc1a48b0264867bdee609d76bc27bd
In this task, you are given an input list. A list contains several comma-separated items written within brackets. You need to return the count of all the numerical elements in the given list. Return 0 if no numerical element in the list. ['2551', 'N', 'O', 'O', '6461']
2
task523_find_if_numbers_or_alphabets_are_more_in_list
task523-6c555c4201af4d5c9eaecabad112862f
In this task, you are given an input list A. If the count of numbers is more than that of alphabets in the list, answer 'Numbers Win'. If the count of alphabets is more than that of numbers in the list, answer 'Alphabets Win'. If the count of numbers is same as that of alphabets in the list, answer 'Numbers and Alphabets are Tied'. ['j', 'P', '2591', 'C', '8651', 't', '4191', 's', 'R', 'g', '1513', '5431', 'W', '7755', '4387', 'M', 'G', 'X', 'D', '7329', '4603', 'm', '6491', '2313', 'v', 'g', 'q', '649', 'e', 'U', '8215', '2905', '2311', '7021', '1699', 'g', 'i']
Alphabets Win
task509_collate_of_all_alphabetical_and_numerical_elements_in_list_separately
task509-57403f48fd624201ae4fcc91b14043b8
In this task, you are given an input list. A list contains several comma-separated items written within brackets. You need to collate all the alphabetical elements at the start of the list followed by all the numerical elements of the list. Maintain the order in which the alphabetical elements appear in the given input list, and do the same for the numerical elements. ['6237', '937', 'O', 'h', 'n', 'c', '2789', 'P', '5043', '2265', 'S', 'd', '6469', '4841', 'x', 'X']
O, h, n, c, P, S, d, x, X, 6237, 937, 2789, 5043, 2265, 6469, 4841
task453_swag_answer_generation
task453-a00e761707314c089d45eac9f8731e2d
Given a sentence, generate what should be the most likely next statement. The next statement should be reasonable and logically correct. There are some other people standing in the snow next to a car that has a snowboard tied to its back. The man
shares his experience wearing a red jacket as he gets on the snowboard that is tied behind the black car.
task588_amazonfood_rating_classification
task588-514b7b0639bf4756b27dd494c818e4ac
In this task, you're given a review from Amazon's food products. Your task is to generate a rating for the product on a scale of 1-5 based on the review. The rating means 1: extremely poor, 2: poor, 3: neutral or mixed, 4: good, 5: extremely good. We use this mix for pancakes and waffles and it's perfect. We have had a terrible time finding a good all purpose flour that is gluten free (the popular brands taste terrible!) so we tend to use this pancake mix as a base for a lot of our recipes--- including breading for baked chicken and other things. It's definitely best as a pancake mix of course, but using it as a starting point for baking has helped us find "normal" tasting gluten free baked foods. :)
5
task024_cosmosqa_answer_generation
task024-2db3aa8becea4d4685ba94df57c86471
Craft one correct answer to the question given in input. To make it more interesting, try to use non-stereotypical language if possible. Make sure your correct answer is reasonably long, consistent with the context, and requires common sense (instead of explicit extraction from the context.) In your answer, use as few words as possible from the given context. Use a response that is uncommon/non-stereotypical, so that it is less predictable. To be less repetitive, please vary your language for each question. Context: What an incredible thing , to see ourselves as we truly are , the magic of ourselves , the gift of us . Not the better lose this , trim this , icky , what 's my hair doing , scrunch of the face we often do in the mirror , but the seeing the best of who we are reflected back to us in someone else 's eyes . We did n't plan it this way but I saw it unfold all around us . Question: What does the author want to keep from this experience ?
She wants to remember to see the best in herself .
task405_narrativeqa_question_generation
task405-05b3ce04d19a404cb9a8413353f7f63c
You will be given a summary of a story. You need to create a question that can be answered from the story. You can create a question about characters, events, facts and beliefs, etc. Your question should be specific, try not to use pronouns instead of full names. As the stories are sometimes movie plots, they will contain actor names in parentheses. You should not use those names. Only use character names. Try to ask a question about all parts of the plot, not just the beginning. The novel begins with the character of Peregrine as a young country gentleman rejected by his cruel mother, ignored by his indifferent father, and hated by his degenerate brother. After their alienation, he turns to Commodore Hawser Trunnion, who raises him. Peregrine's detailed life experience provides a scope for Smollett's satire on human cruelty, stupidity, and greed: from his upbringing, education at Oxford, and journey to France, to his jailing at the Fleet, unexpected succession to his father's fortune, and final repentance and marriage to his beloved Emilia. The novel is written as a series of adventures, with every chapter depicting a new experience. There is also a lengthy independent story within the novel called "The Memoirs of a Lady of Quality", written by Frances Vane, Viscountess Vane. Peregrine Pickle features several amusing characters, most notably Commodore Hawser Trunnion, an old seaman and misogynist who lives in a house with his former shipmates. Trunnion's lifestyle may have inspired Charles Dickens to create the character of Wemmick from Great Expectations. Another interesting character is Peregrine's friend, Cadwallader Crabtree, an old misanthrope who amuses himself by playing ingenious jokes on naive people. Smollett also caricatured many of his enemies in the novel, most notably Henry Fielding and the actor David Garrick. Fitzroy Henry Lee was supposedly the model for Hawser Trunnion.
Who else lives with Commodore Hawser Trunnion in his house?
task1723_civil_comments_sexuallyexplicit_classification
task1723-a1b1a5e4afc74b0386fde2d7daef926a
Categorize the comment on the basis of sexual explicitness. If the comment is sexually explicit output Yes, otherwise output No. I'm not sure retiring from being a cancer survivor is a good thing.
No
task1645_medical_question_pair_dataset_text_classification
task1645-9eeb68e359614c67b805b5d41c23eef6
In this task you are given a medical question pair hand-generated. Your task is to classify a given post into two categories 1) 'Similar' if the given two questions have a same connotation 2) 'Dissimilar' if the given two questions have a different connotation or meaning. Sentence1: What are the symptoms of diphtheria Sentence2: Could you apprise me of the symptoms of diptheria?
Similar
task1420_mathqa_general
task1420-0d85565033a94f86a247003864d53da2
In this task, you need to answer the given multiple-choice question on the general math. Classify your answers into 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', and 'e'. Problem: a small beaker is 1 / 2 filled with salt water . another beaker , which has 5 times the capacity of the small beaker , is 1 / 5 filled with fresh water . after dumping all of the salt water from the small beaker into the large beaker , to what fraction of its capacity will the large beaker be filled ? Options: a ) 2 / 3 , b ) 2 / 5 , c ) 3 / 5 , d ) 3 / 10 , e ) 7 / 20
d
task1711_poki_text_generation
task1711-0976754241484d8db2a5153dec6d78dd
You are given a short text as a title. Your task is to generate a poem as output that is related to the given title and should feel like written by kids. The output should be a run-on sentence (two or more complete sentences connected without any punctuation). The poem should not be too long or too complex, because it should feel like it is written by younger person without high level of literature education. wat?!
the sun brite and yellow a it seem it not really the source of life
task1340_msr_text_compression_compression
task1340-a4543859c1a14a6388053f64ca844039
Given a text, write a compressed version of it in a single sentence. However, Bermuda pulled back from the brink of social chaos and began to return to its peaceful and law-abiding ways. With progressive taxation for its residents, the colony enjoyed one of the highest standards of living in the world.
Bermuda backed up from social chaos returning to peaceful, law-abiding ways. By taxing residents, the colony enjoyed one of the highest standards of living in the world.
task1384_deal_or_no_dialog_classification
task1384-ce737a8b47af46b5b192db7b1d23be70
Given a negotiation between two participants, answer 'Yes' if both participants agree to the deal, otherwise answer 'No'. THEM: how bout i take 3 balls and you take 2? YOU: there's only 2 balls. THEM: oh duh whoops YOU: you can have balls if i can have hat and books. THEM: sure.
Yes
task082_babi_t1_single_supporting_fact_question_generation
task082-43d4dd37f397483689188c4df62d5942
In this task, you will be given a passage consisting of set of facts. The task is to create a question of form 'Where is <person_name>?' that is answerable from exactly one of the given facts. Avoid creating questions that are unanswerable from all of the facts. Passage: Sandra travelled to the bedroom. Mary went to the hallway. Sandra went to the office. Sandra journeyed to the kitchen. Sandra travelled to the bathroom. Daniel journeyed to the office.
Where is Sandra?
task904_hate_speech_offensive_classification
task904-0b201464d327424c97730513ee4f29d1
Classify the given tweet into the three categories: (1) 'Hate Speech', (2) 'Offensive' and (3) 'Neither'. 'Hate Speech' is kind of a threating statement or sometimes include call for violence while 'offensive' statement just offensds someone. 'Neither' is when it doesn't fall into Hate Speech or Offensive category. I'm such a retard sometimes.
Neither
task207_max_element_lists
task207-cb3ebb8c6029465aa78a75ad8710c0f7
In this task, you are given a list. This list contains many lists of integers. The list is several items written within a []. Your task is to find the maximum number among the members of each inner list. The output should be a list comprised of the maximums with the same order as the internal lists. [[-75, 52, -148], [-132, 33, -150, 16, -136, 3], [46, -104, -142, 60, 53], [-122, -191, -175, -185], [81, 87, -170, -177, 75], [-54, 16]]
[52, 33, 60, -122, 87, 16]
task125_conala_pair_differences
task125-5b1f420165e4428583c9acbe023595b0
In this task you are given a list of integers and you need to find the absolute value of the difference between each two consecutive values. The output should be a list of the absolute value of the differences of each two consecutive values. [69, -65, 26, -33, 77, 96, 99, 47, -75, 11]
[134, 91, 59, 110, 19, 3, 52, 122, 86]
task631_dbpedia_14_incorrect_answer_generation
task631-4f5839f291b447c1b2804bea7254eaa8
In this task, you're given a text and question. The question is about the topic of the document. You are expected to generate an incorrect answer. The incorrect answer should be among one of the following categories: 1)Company, 2)Educational Institution, 3)Artist, 4)Athlete, 5)Office holder, 6)Mean of transportation, 7)Building, 8)Natural place, 9)Village, 10)Animal, 11)Plant, 12)Album, 13)Film, 14)Written work Text: Bidasari is the final-installment of a trilogy of Filipino language stage plays produced and written for Magwayen the premier theater group of the University of the City of Manila. It was based on the original epic of the same name or title. The epic love story originally graced the stage in 1999 and once again brought back in theaters in 2009. Question: WHat is the classified topic name
Plant
task1551_every_ith_element_from_kth_element
task1551-38e8ed4f8c0246e6a5e90c3180db1f21
In this task, you are given inputs k, i, and A, where k and i are integers and A is a list. You need to find every ith element of A starting from the kth element. The process stops when the position of the next ith element exceeds the length of the list. 2, 3, ['1213', '1307', '999', '1909', 'M', 'O', '4913', '3527', 'S', 'X', 'o', '1309', 'y', 'B', 'I']
1307, M, 3527, o, B
task1325_qa_zre_question_generation_on_subject_relation
task1325-60682db5bbed4d6b91b191267b7ab075
You will be given a context, a subject and a relation. Your task is to generate a question based on the subject and relation. The generated question should include the given subject. Try to use a minimum number of words that are not present in either context, subject or relation while generating question. Context : Ritratti di donne nella pittura di Giuseppe Amisani (1879-1941), Galleria Civica di Bari, 2012. Subject : Giuseppe Amisani Relation : educated at
What college did Giuseppe Amisani go to?
task649_race_blank_question_generation
task649-c33d419cdf5f44ce8cfae60df0433c81
In this task, you're given an article and an answer. Your task is to generate the fill-in-the-blank question for this answer based on the given article. The blanks are always at the end of the question, and can be filled with more than one word or phrase. Article: Many people turn to doctors or self-help books, but they ignore a powerful thing that could help them fight illness: their friends. Researchers are only now starting to pay attention to the importance of friendship in health. A 10-year Australian study found that old People with a large circle of friends. A large 2007 study showed an increase of nearly 60 percent in the risk for obesity among people whose friends gained weight. And last year, Harvard researchers reported that strong social ties could improve brain health as we age. " _ ," said Rebecca, a professor at the University of North Carolina. " _ . " While many friendship studies are about the close relationships of women, some research shows that it can do good to men too. In a six-year study of 736 middle-aged men, having friendships reduces the risk of heart attack. Only smoking was as important a risk factor as having little social support. Exactly why friendship has such a big effect isn't entirely clear. While friends can send a sick person to the hospital or pick up medicine, the advantages go well beyond physical help. Friendship clearly has a big psychological effect. "People with stronger friendships feel like there is someone they can turn to," said Karen, a doctor. "The message of these studies is that friends make your life better. " Answer: the risk of having no friends.
The author mentioned smoking in the text to discuss _ .
task378_reverse_words_of_given_length
task378-be8fffdbfb5f4a57a1b822fd0a4a42e8
In this task, you need to reverse all words of a given length in the sentence. The number of letters in a word determine its length. For example, the length of the word "apple" is 5. Sentence: 'a bear is seen eating grass in the foreground of multiple trees'. Reverse all words of length '1' in the given sentence.
a bear is seen eating grass in the foreground of multiple trees
task589_amazonfood_summary_text_generation
task589-b7ee78b22b614959b8f4cf640bddddd6
In this task, you're given a review from Amazon's food products. Your task is to generate a short summary of the given review in the input. Note that you don't need to write a complete sentence as a summary. Unlike another product I reviewed for Vine, at least this product does not have sugar per se in it. It is carbonated water added to a concentrate mixture of (in this order): apple, grape, tangerine and last - as well as least -- acai concentrate. The first two on the list, apple and grape are two of the most common "fruit" sweeteners used in beverages etc. That is why the product tastes sweetened. It has 140 calories -- quite a lot for 8 oz of flavored carbonated water -- and all of it is from carbohydrates (36 grams) and over 90% of the carbs (34 grams) are sugars. Apple and grapes have some of the highest concentrations of "fructose" a fruit sugar that not only commonly appears in commercial beverages because it is sweeter than regular cane sugar and thus it is cheaper to use, but it is also known to cause diarrhea, particularly in children. So another drink on the hit parade of "pretend" healthy drinks- appealing to the masses' concern for their ever-growing girth -- and deluding them that this will help forestall continued growth. You are better off drinking diet coke. You would be even more better off buying the sparkling flavored waters with no calories. My favorite is Bella Familglia -- in pomegranate, lime, lemon and orange flavors -- and is sold from time to time on Amazon as well as your local supermarket. Better yet, buy some organic pure fruit juice -- such as pomegranate and pour 1/8 cup in a glass of your favorite sparking water or a quarter cup in a 16 oz bottle of your favorite sparkling water. At least it is the actual juice and not some fructose extract.
Questionable "healthy" drink...
task499_extract_and_add_all_numbers_from_list
task499-1ba4334a70f748d18efe055a1c831633
In this task, you are given an input list A. You need to find all the elements of the list that are numbers and calculate their sum. ['3537', 'h', '4327', 'd', 'P']
7864
task1368_healthfact_sentence_generation
task1368-d9561d1f3e4945feb0e97dcd9a3a82a6
Given a paragraph, generate a claim that is supported by the given paragraph. 1) The claim must contain information from within the paragraph. 2) A sentence within the paragraph can be used as a claim. 3) The claim should not have contradictions within the paragraph. 4) The claim should be at most one sentence long. Clearly, the costs involved in cancer treatment already are high. By removing a layer of treatment from an estimated 40,000 patients, those costs would have to drop, but it is unclear from the story by how much. Also, it would have been worth mentioning whether this is likely to affect how insurance companies handle lymph node removals. The story did a good job providing some numbers on benefits, but we wish it had provided more and explained some things a bit more. It says, for example, “In 27 percent of the women who had additional nodes removed, those nodes were cancerous.” How many women had additional nodes removed and, of those, how many had cancerous nodes? A figure like 27% means 1 out of every 4 women had nodes that were, indeed, cancerous, which seems to conflict with other statements in the story about chemotherapy and radiation wiping out the cancer. The story discusses several harms from lymph node removal, and shows that the difference in survival for women who had nodes removed and those who did not was not significant. “Indeed, women in the study who had the nodes taken out were far more likely (70 percent versus 25 percent) to have complications like infections, abnormal sensations and fluid collecting in the armpit. They were also more likely to have lymphedema.” This is where the story really outperformed some of the competition covering the same news. It placed the study into the broader context of a movement in cancer care away from surgeries that don’t provide a clear benefit, and it also explained the study design and the limitations of the study in several ways. “The study, at 115 medical centers, included 891 patients. Their median age was in the mid-50s, and they were followed for a median of 6.3 years. … One potential weakness in the study is that there was not complete follow-up information on 166 women, about equal numbers from each group. The researchers said that did not affect the results. A statistician who was not part of the study said the missing information should have been discussed further, but probably did not have an important impact. It is not known whether the findings also apply to women who do not have radiation and chemotherapy, or to those who have only part of the breast irradiated. Nor is it known whether the findings could be applied to other types of cancer.” It was too bad that it did not mention limitations in terms of lack of enrollment. The targeted enrollment was 1900. There also was an imbalance in the randomization that should have been mentioned. The story is careful to explain to readers that the research findings only apply to a subset of women with breast cancer. “Now, researchers report that for women who meet certain criteria — about 20 percent of patients, or 40,000 women a year in the United States — taking out cancerous nodes has no advantage. It does not change the treatment plan, improve survival or make the cancer less likely to recur. And it can cause complications like infection and lymphedema, a chronic swelling in the arm that ranges from mild to disabling.” The Q&A that ran with the story provided more detail about the different types of cancers and cancer patients, noting, for example, “First of all, 20 percent (the estimate of the study’s lead author, Dr. Armando E. Giuliano) refers to 20 percent of all the newly diagnosed cases of invasive breast cancer each year. This does not include noninvasive breast cancer, or DCIS, ductal carcinoma in situ. The total is about 207,000, so 20 percent is roughly 40,000 women. That is about how many women would match those in the study, in terms of tumor status, affected lymph nodes and course of treatment.”  The story also says, “The results mean that women like those in the study will still have to have at least one lymph node removed, to look for cancer and decide whether they will need more treatment. But taking out just one or a few nodes should be enough.” Good quotes including from Dr. Monica Morrow, chief of the breast service at Sloan-Kettering and an author of the study, but also a few fromindependent experts toward the end. Dr. Grant W. Carlson, a professor of surgery at the Winship Cancer Institute at Emory University, and the author of an editorial accompanying the study, provides some soul-searching context by saying that, in taking out so many lymph nodes, “I have a feeling we’ve been doing a lot of harm.” Dr. Elisa R. Port, the chief of breast surgery at Mount Sinai Medical Center in Manhattan, said, “It’s definitely practice-changing.” And Dr. Alison Estabrook, the chief of the comprehensive breast center at St. Luke’s-Roosevelt hospital in New York said, “In the past, surgeons thought our role was to get out all the cancer. … Now he’s saying we don’t really have to do that.” The story does a great job explaining the history of this form of treatment and how it has evolved over time. “But doctors have continued to think that even microscopic disease in the lymph nodes should be cut out to improve the odds of survival. And until recently, they counted cancerous lymph nodes to gauge the severity of the disease and choose chemotherapy. But now the number is not so often used to determine drug treatment, doctors say. What matters more is whether the disease has reached any nodes at all. If any are positive, the disease could become deadly. Chemotherapy is recommended, and the drugs are the same, no matter how many nodes are involved.” The story goes on to do something that stories like this rarely do, it compares compares the harms from different forms of treatment, saying “After armpit surgery, 20 percent to 30 percent of women develop lymphedema, Dr. Port said, and radiation may increase the rate to 40 percent to 50 percent. Physical therapy can help, but there is no cure.” The story makes it clear that removing all under-arm lymph nodes is the standard of care for women with breast cancer and that feelings about that standard are entrenched. The story establishes that a change in treatment protocol away from removing all the lymph nodes under the arms of women with breast cancer would be novel. There is some nuance, here, though that could be missed by a casual reader. Women who have one to two positive lymph nodes would avoid having additional lymph node surgery. The overall tone of the story may make it appear to some readers that women get to avoid lymph node surgery altogether, but they don’t. The story goes well beyond any news release.
Lymph Node Study Shakes Pillar of Breast Cancer Care
task389_torque_generate_temporal_question
task389-7ef024c70429479491412f6be7deb5b8
In this task, a passage will be given and the goal is to generate a question about temporal relations based on that passage. A temporal relation describes the relation between two things with respect to time e.g., something happens/starts/terminates/... immediately/shortly/usually/... before/after/during/... something else. Your question should include an event, or ask about an event, and should not be a yes/no question. Passage: Demonstrations against US President George W. Bush turned violent in the southern Argentine city of Mar Del Plata on Friday when protesters threw rocks at the police and smashed windows of buildings. The demonstrators, chanting slogans such as "Bush, gets out of Argentina," "Bush is a fascist," set fire on a shop and burned a US flag.
What event has begun but has not finished?
task088_identify_typo_verification
task088-72e737cdde8541dd837a41d6a4c308e4
The given sentence contains a typo which could be one of the following four types: (1) swapped letters of a word e.g. 'niec' is a typo of the word 'nice'. (2) missing letter in a word e.g. 'nic' is a typo of the word 'nice'. (3) extra letter in a word e.g. 'nicce' is a typo of the word 'nice'. (4) replaced letter in a word e.g 'nicr' is a typo of the word 'nice'. You need to identify the typo in the given sentence. To do this, answer with the word containing the typo. A surfer in a wetsuit rides on a wae.
wae.
task509_collate_of_all_alphabetical_and_numerical_elements_in_list_separately
task509-628ab85ee772423eacbb5342ebe0808d
In this task, you are given an input list. A list contains several comma-separated items written within brackets. You need to collate all the alphabetical elements at the start of the list followed by all the numerical elements of the list. Maintain the order in which the alphabetical elements appear in the given input list, and do the same for the numerical elements. ['n', '3767', 'S', '285', '5215', '1939', 'h', 'l', 'F', '8365', 'G', 'b', '9999', 'm', 'D', 'h', 'g', '2683', 'c', 'x', '8597', 'v', '6389', 'h', 'N', 'b', 'H', '1441', 's', 'k', '4517', 'c', 'R', 'f', '1257']
n, S, h, l, F, G, b, m, D, h, g, c, x, v, h, N, b, H, s, k, c, R, f, 3767, 285, 5215, 1939, 8365, 9999, 2683, 8597, 6389, 1441, 4517, 1257