id stringlengths 9 18 | question stringlengths 4 4.81k | choices listlengths 2 13 | full_answer stringlengths 4 180 | dataset stringclasses 5
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mmlu_train_54893 | Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers.Brain-computer interface(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines. Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic School in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person's thoughts. In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand.He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts. "Our brain has billions of nerve cells.These send signals through the spinal cord to the muscles to give us the ability to move.But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles," Tavella says."Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices." The researchers designed a special cap for the user.This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp and sends them to a computer.The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path.They help the computer react to commands from the brain. Prof.Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands."The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices.One example is this wheelchair." He says his team has set two goals.One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from.And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? | [
"Switzerland, the BCI Research Center",
"New Findings About How the Human Brain Works",
"BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled",
"Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries"
] | C. BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled | mmlu_train |
aquarat_30890 | The ages of three friends are prime numbers. The sum of the ages is less than 51. If the ages are in Arithmetic Progression (AP) and if at least one of the ages is greater than 10, what is the difference between the maximum possible median and minimum possible median of the ages of the three friends? | [
"0",
"1",
"13",
"6",
"8"
] | D. 6 | aquarat |
aquarat_14845 | A cycle is bought for Rs.840 and sold for Rs.1220, find the gain percent? | [
"70%",
"45%",
"48%",
"30%",
"40%"
] | B. 45% | aquarat |
m1_pref_204 | Which statement is true for linear regression? | [
"A linear regression model can be expressd as an inner product between feature vectors and a weight vector.",
"Linear regression, when using 'usual' loss functions, works fine when the dataset contains many outliers.",
"A good fit with linear regression implies a causal relationship between inputs and outputs."... | A. A linear regression model can be expressd as an inner product between feature vectors and a weight vector. | m1_pref |
aquarat_53820 | The difference between a two-digit number and the number obtained by interchanging the positions of its digits is 36. What is the difference between the two digits of that number? | [
"4",
"5",
"6",
"8",
"9"
] | A. 4 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_44839 | Tu Youyou, 84, honored with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on Oct 5, 2015. She was the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in science for her work in helping to create an anti-malaria medicine. In 1967, Communist leader Mao Zedong decided there was an urgent national need to find a cure for malaria. At the time, malaria spread by mosquitoes was killing Chinese soldiers fighting Americans in the jungles of northern Vietnam. A secret research unit was formed to find a cure for the illness. Two years later, Tu Youyou was instructed to become the new head of Mission 523. Researchers in Mission523 _ ancient books to find historical methods of fighting malaria. When she started her search for an anti-malarial drug, over 240,000 compounds around the world had already been tested, without any success. Finally, the team found a brief reference to one substance, sweet wormwood , which had been used to treat malaria in China around 400 AD. The team isolated one active compound in wormwood, artemisinin , which appeared to battle malaria-friendly parasites . The team then tested extracts of the compound but nothing was effective until Tu Youyou returned to the original ancient text. After another careful reading, she improved the drug recipe one final time, heating the extract without allowing it to reach boiling point. After the drug showed promising results in mice and monkeys, Tu volunteered to be the first human recipient of the new drug. "As the head of the research group, I had the responsibility." she explained. What can we learn about the discovery of anti-malaria drug? | [
"The process of testing extracts of the compound is very smooth.",
"No one had ever done any research on it before Tu and her team.",
"The idea of using wormwood to treat malaria was from ancient Chinese text",
"Heating the extract until it reaches boiling point is necessary."
] | C. The idea of using wormwood to treat malaria was from ancient Chinese text | mmlu_train |
m1_pref_46 | Given the following teleporting matrix (Ε) for nodes A, B and C:[0 ½ 0][0 0 0][0 ½ 1]and making no assumptions about the link matrix (R), which of the following is correct:(Reminder: columns are the probabilities to leave the respective node.) | [
"A random walker can never reach node A",
"A random walker can never leave node A",
"A random walker can always leave node C",
"A random walker can always leave node B"
] | D. A random walker can always leave node B | m1_pref |
mmlu_train_42850 | Cells were discovered in 1665 by Robert Hooke when he took a piece of cork and looked at it under a microscope. Cork is made up of dead cells but you are still able to see the cells which proved to be interesting to him. He described _ as being made of something, just like a wall is made of bricks. He then called those bricks "cells". Due to the size of cells, it is nearly impossible to see them without the aid of a light microscope, but by using an electron microscope you'd be able to see cells in much greater detail. There's a cell theory which is made up of four basic ideas. First, cells are the building blocks of life. Second, cells are derived from other cells by division. Third, cells contain DNA (the blueprint for life). Fourth, the cell is the functioning unit of life, and the chemical reactions of life take place within cells. There are two types of cells, animal cells and plant cells. Plant cells differ from animal cells in many ways. Plant cells have a large central vacuole , with the nucleus nearer to the side of the cell instead of in the middle like in animal cells. Another big difference is that plant cells can produce and store sugar as starch while animal cells contain glycogen . It's noteworthy to mention that a cell cannot survive without the nucleus which acts as a type of control center; it runs the cells. The nucleus contains DNA, which in turn contains the cell's genes. These genes tell the cell how to grow. DNA contains the genetic blueprint that tells if you have blonde hair and blue eyes. The passage was written mainly to _ . | [
"introduce different microscopes",
"tell the differences between animal cells and plant cells",
"introduce basic knowledge of cells",
"tell how to observe cells with the right tools"
] | C. introduce basic knowledge of cells | mmlu_train |
aquarat_20889 | Seats for Mathematics, Physics and Biology in a school are in the ratio 5 : 7 : 8. There is a proposal to increase these seats by 40%, 50% and 75% respectively. What will be the ratio of increased seats? | [
"2 : 3 : 4",
"6 : 7 : 8",
"6 : 8 : 9",
"6 : 8 : 7",
"None of these"
] | A. 2 : 3 : 4 | aquarat |
arc_easy_652 | An organism's traits are largely determined by the genetic makeup of its parents. A mutation in which kinds of cells in a parent could cause a new trait to appear in the parent's offspring? | [
"sperm or egg",
"egg or nerve",
"nerve or muscle",
"muscle or sperm"
] | A. sperm or egg | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_52657 | Second Life is a 3D online world in which computer users can create a new life and live a different life. Second Life is one of the most popular new online games. But unlike other games, Second Life is not about winning or losing. Second Life is technically a computer game. But people involved in it do not consider it a game because the players create everything. Second Life is more for socializing and creating communities. Users of Second Life are called residents( ). To take part, they must create an avatar, or an electronic image of themselves. Some avatars look like humans, while others look like animals or imaginary creatures. Inside the Second Life world, residents live in different versions of themselves. They build homes, run businesses, buy and sell things, work, play, and attend schools. They even have relationships and get married. Second Life was created in 2003 by Linden Lab in San Francisco, California. Linden Lab controls the website where the ever-changing world is being created. There are now about one million people around the world who are active to Second Life. The number has grown quickly since the beginning of the year when there were about one hundred thousand users. The average age of people involved with Second Life is about thirty. However, Linden Lab has recently created Teen Second Life for young users. Second Life has its own economy and its own money, called Linden dollars. Millions of dollars are made and spent each month in Second Life. Users can enter Second Life for free. But they must pay for a membership if they want to own land or buy and sell goods and services. Recently, several major companies have become involved with Second Life. They want to be part of the growing business world that exists within the made-up reality. Which is NOT true about the game "Second Life"? | [
"A resident in Second Life lives a life somewhat like that of a real life.",
"The number of users of Second Life is about ten times as large as that of 2003.",
"You can't enter Second Life until you pay the entrance fee.",
"To own possessions, a resident has to pay to be a member of Second Life."
] | C. You can't enter Second Life until you pay the entrance fee. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_13861 | Technology is changing our lives. Our present aerospace companies are gradually disappearing as private space concerns are being born every day. I'm going to discuss three spacebased businesses that are sure to soon influence us all. First we have to make space travel cheaply and safely. Engine design is the main challenge. To make money in space, the cost of space travel will have to diminish . This problem will be the most difficult to solve. Liquid fueled rockets are the only way to get out of Earth's orbit. Finding new ways to power the flight to space is also another big challenge. Finding the key to cheap space travel might be the biggest story of our times. There are a lot of great minds working on this problem. And companies are pouring money into research and development. In the next few years we'll see the first suborbital tourist. And not long after that we should really start to see new and exciting things as competition heats up. Spacecraft design and production will naturally follow rocket technology. All sorts of crafts will be needed for the wide uses they'll be tasked with. Several companies in the United States have already made small, lowcost test vehicles. Resources in space will provide great mining profits to those who can afford the cost of setting up such a huge operation. Can you imagine finding a huge asteroid of pure gold? The benefit to mankind is limitless. Mining on other planets, like Mars, also adds CO2 into the very thin atmosphere. Over time this can lead to the formation of an atmosphere similar to Earth's. Space is going to offer us untold opportunity and wealth. But this is only going to occur if wealthy investors step forward and fund the first steps forward. It is certain that technology will take us to worlds we could never have imagined. According to the passage mining on other planets might help _ . | [
"increase the travel benefits there",
"form the atmosphere like Earth's there",
"bring some new species there",
"create more job opportunities there"
] | B. form the atmosphere like Earth's there | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_57871 | SAN FRANCISCO -- In the western U.S., Hawaii and elsewhere across the globe, moon watchers were treated on Saturday to a rare celestial phenomenon: a total lunar eclipse . For about 50 minutes starting at 6:06 a.m. PST, the moon was completely blocked by the Earth's shadow. With only some indirect sunlight able to reach it after passing through the Earth's atmosphere, the moon took on a reddish weak light. Since the atmosphere scatters blue light, only red light strikes the moon, giving it a dark red color1. Dally Sam, who runs a public relations firm in Hawaii, said it had been cloudy and rainy, but the weather cleared just in time for the eclipse. Around 3 a.m., he awoke, as he usually does, and remembered to step outside the house in time to catch the beginning of the eclipse about a half hour later. No one else in the neighborhood was up then. "It was turning that dark red color1," Sayre, aged 47, said, "I'd better get a camera. To be able to see it just right outside our house was really cool." At the local observatory in Los Angeles, some 300 people, many holding coffee cups in the cold morning air, sat with blankets and chairs on the observatory's great grass land. "It's really a celestial festival out here," John Peter, aged 39, told the Los Angeles Times as he set up his camera. Lying on a slope north of downtown near the Hollywood sign, the place offers clear views of the sky. Observatory officials reminded the crowd when the eclipse began and big applause burst when the celestial event ended. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the moon goes through the long shadow cast by the Earth and is blocked from the sunlight that brightens it. ks5u What is the main purpose of the passage? | [
"To inform us of the next total lunar eclipse.",
"To tell us about a rare celestial event.",
"To alert us of the natural disaster.",
"To draw people's attention to the news."
] | B. To tell us about a rare celestial event. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_67505 | Millions of stars are travelling about in space. A few form groups which travel together, but most of them travel alone. And they travel through a universe which is so large that one star seldom comes near to another. For the most important part each star makes its journey in complete loneliness, like a ship on an empty ocean. The ship will be well over a million miles from its nearest neighbour. From this it is easy to understand why a star seldom finds another anywhere near it. We believe, however, that some two thousand million years ago, another star wandering through space, happened to come near our sun just as the sun and the moon raised its tides on the earth, so this star must have raised tides on the surface of the sun. But they were very different from the small tides that are raised in our oceans; A large tidal wave must have travelled over the surface of the sun, at last forming a mountain so high that we cannot imagine it. As the cause of the disturbance came nearer, so the mountain rose higher and higher. And before the star began to move away again, its tidal pull had become so powerful that this mountain was torn to pieces and thrown off small parts of itself into space. These small pieces have been going round the sun ever since. They are the planets. Most stars are _ . | [
"following a regular path in space",
"moving about without a fixed course",
"seldom wandering about in the universe",
"always travelling together"
] | B. moving about without a fixed course | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_55392 | A research by the National Center for Health Statistics is seen as an important confirmation of the"Hispanic mortality paradox ." On average,Hispanics _ whites by 2.5 years and blacks by 7.7 years. Their life expectancy at birth in 2006 was 80.6 years,compared with 78.1 for whites,72.9 for blacks and 77.7 years for the total population. The report shows that the Hispanic population has higher life expectancy at birth and at almost every age despite a socioeconomic status lower than that of whites."Mortality is very correlated with income,education and health care access,"says Elizabeth Arias,author of the report."You would expect the Hispanic population would have higher mortality,"in line with the black population. The Hispanic paradox has been documented for more than two decades,but this is the first time the government has had enough data to issue national numbers. Researchers are struggling to explain why Hispanics live longer. "We don't know,"says David Hayes-Bautista,director of the Center for the Study of Latino Health and Culture at UCLA's David Geffen School of Medicine."We thought it was a problem in the data,but we can pretty much say this is real." Potential factors: *Culture and lifestyle. Support from extended family and lower rates of smoking and drinking.Latino groups in particular have very strong family and social ties. *Migration. The"healthy migrant effect"argues that healthy people are more likely to emigrate. And when immigrants become ill,they might return home and die there. Solving the puzzle may help the nation deal with health care issues because Hispanics use health services less--they make fewer doctors visits and spend less time in hospitals,Hayes-Bautista says."It's clearly something in the Latino culture,"he says. Which of the following inferences is true according to the passage? | [
"Black people suffer the lowest social status in America.",
"Hispanics might have healthier ways of life.",
"Only healthy people can immigrate into America.",
"White people don't have strong family ties."
] | B. Hispanics might have healthier ways of life. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_98636 | Galileo dismissed what as a mere star? | [
"Neptune",
"Venus",
"Saturn",
"the moon"
] | A. Neptune | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_64643 | Zuhur Yasin has never been to the US, but she holds a bachelor's degree from an American university. Part of Yasin's studies in Somaliland were spent in a special classroom, lined with rows of computers equipped with webcams and microphones. The 29-year-old watched videos and took part in live virtual classes at Indiana University as part of her journalism programme at the University of Hargeisa."We had discussions and shared any challenges or questions," she says. The African Virtual University(AVU), an intergovernmental organization, connected Yasin with Indiana University. The AVU says it has used virtual learning to train 43, 000 students since its creation in 1997. Professors use programmes and apps including Skype and WhatsApp to communicate with students, but classes are taught using special software. The AVU is considering plans to make lectures accessible on mobile phones. Like Yasin, many students in sub-Saharan Africa are looking for opportunities to attend university. In 2008, the region had the lowest university attendance in the world, with just 6% of secondary school-leavers advancing to higher education, according to the UN's Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. In May, the African Union(AU) opened the e-Learning Africa Conference on ICT for development, education and training at its headquarters in Addis Ababa. Rebecca Stromeyer, the founder of e-Learning Africa, says, "Now it is the time when technology can really help to protect the progress many African countries have made in education. If the right decisions are made now, they will help to achieve long-term economic growth." Experts say online learning tools can connect African students to massive open online courses (Mooc,) such as Coursera, an education platform that provides free virtual education from some of the world's top universities. How did Yasin obtain a bachelor's degree from an American University? | [
"By teaching herself at home.",
"By employing a famous coach from America.",
"By virtual learning provided by the AVU.",
"By her further education at the University of Hargeisa."
] | C. By virtual learning provided by the AVU. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_56645 | To switch or not to switch, that is the question.Google's announcement of its Nexus One smartphone happened over a week ago and I'm still receiving lots of e-mails from readers asking the same question: Should they give up their iPhone for the Nexus One? Some people with iPhones, disappointed by American Telephone&Telegraph's inadequate service and the high monthly cost, are wondering if they have really got something to replace it.Does the Nexus One offer the functions that Apple has led them to expect? I'm on the fence myself, even though I never thought I'd be interested in anything but the iPhone.From my experience using the Nexus One, and from talking to people who have made the change, it's not necessarily about the differences between the iPhone and the Nexus One.The phones are extremely similar in design and general feel.Instead, the decision can be made based on the software services you use on your desktop. My friend Chad Dickerson received a pre-launch Nexus One from Google three weeks ago.He said Google's phone feels connected to certain services on the Web in a way the iPhone doesn't."Compared to the iPhone, the Google phone feels like it's part of the Internet to me," he said."If you live in a Google world, you have that world in your pocket in a way that's cleaner and more connected than the iPhone." Personally, the phones work perfectly with their own software, but both of them don't make an effort to play well with other services. Why are some iPhone users expecting a new type of phone? | [
"Because their old ones are out of date.",
"Because they accept Google's announcement.",
"Because of the limited service and high cost.",
"Because of the terrible software they can use.."
] | C. Because of the limited service and high cost. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_85702 | This boy is Peter Brown . His first name is Peter . His last name is Brown . He is in No.3 Middle School . His school ID card number is 279-4856 . His English teacher is Miss White . Miss White is a good teacher . Jack is his good friend at school . They are in the same school and the same grade . Mrs. Green is Jack's mother . She is an English teacher , too . She is in this school , too . But Peter does not know it . Peter's English teacher is _ . | [
"Jack",
"Brown",
"Mrs. Green",
"Miss White"
] | D. Miss White | mmlu_train |
aquarat_50429 | Pastry Chef Pierre takes x hours to decorate a wedding cake. Pastry chef Franco takes y hours to decorate a wedding cake. If Pierre works alone for z hours and is then joined by Franco until 20 cakes are decorated, for how long did the two pastry chef's work together. | [
"20xz-y/",
"y+z/",
"20x",
"20xy-z/",
"y"
] | A. 20xz-y/ (x+y) | aquarat |
mmlu_train_37308 | Wikipedia: The Online Know-It-All If you want to find out a piece of information about anything, the best place to search for it is Wikipedia. The name "Wikipedia" is from the Hawaiian word wiki, meaning "quick". This online encyclopedia is written by thousands of people around the world. Anyone with Internet access can write, add or make changes to Wikipedia articles if he or she finds it incorrect or not well written. In this way, people who know a lot about a certain subject can write about it even if they are not university professors. But contributions cannot damage Wikipedia because many experienced editors are watching pages and techies can write editing programs to keep track of or correct bad edits. Where there are disagreements on how to present facts, editors work together to arrive at an article that fairly represents current expert opinion on the subject. Wikipedia is quite different from paper-based reference sources in important ways. Unlike printed encyclopedias, it is continually created and updated, with articles on historic events appearing within minutes, rather than months or years. What's more, Wikipedia includes articles written in about 285 languages. This fact makes it one of the few websites on the Internet that are truly international. It was started in 2001 by Larry Sanger and Jimmy Wales, as a free online English-language encyclopedia project. Since its creation, it has grown rapidly into one of the largest reference websites, attracting nearly 500 million unique visitors monthly. There are more than 77,000 active contributors working on more than 22,000,000 articles in different languages. As of today, there are 4,396,866 articles in English. So, if you are looking for some information, why not try Wikipedia? It's free, multilingual,and informative. From the passage we know that _ . | [
"Wikipedia only charges users a small fee",
"Wikipedia catches a wide audience",
"incorrect editions might do great harm to Wikipedia",
"it will take long to update the information on Wikipedia"
] | B. Wikipedia catches a wide audience | mmlu_train |
aquarat_917 | A producer of tea blends two varieties of tea from two tea gardens one costing Rs 18 per kg and another Rs 20 per kg in the ratio 5 : 3. If he sells the blended variety at Rs 23 per kg, then his gain percent is | [
"12%",
"23%",
"14%",
"15%",
"16%"
] | B. 23% | aquarat |
mmlu_train_44874 | The best swimmers tend to be tall and thin with long arms, long legs, long feet, and long hands. The size of their hands gives them great "water grasp", and only a very small hand movement keeps them afloat. They also have great strength, endurance, insulation against heat loss while in water below body temperature, thus better energy conservation, low resistance when in the water, and swimming stroke mechanics . Part of the reason why some people are better swimmers than others has to do with body density. The average person's body density is slightly less than that of water. Muscle has greater density than fat. Therefore, very muscular people tend to be poor at staying afloat. Bone has greater density than fat. Therefore, very skinny people tend to be poor at staying afloat. Good buoyancy is not necessarily the most important factor in good swimming, but it certainly helps. For example, great competitive swimmers--tall, thin, and usually more muscular than average--tend to have greater body density than average and less buoyancy. Many would not float very well if they remained motionless in the water. Their much greater "water grasp" makes up for it. www.ks5u.com The average woman contains a higher proportion of fat in her body than the average man, and the average man contains a higher proportion of muscle in his body than the average woman. Therefore, in general, women are better floaters than men. Compared with other competitive sports, the performance of women is closer to that of men in competitive swimming. Which of the following can serve as the best title of the passage? | [
"How to be a good swimmer",
"Details about swimming",
"Facts about swimming",
"Better ways, better swimmers"
] | C. Facts about swimming | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_15333 | You hear this,"No wonder you are fat.All you ever d0 is eat."You feel sad."I skip my breakfast and supper.I run every morning and evening.What else can I do?" Basically you can do nothing.Your genes,not your life habits,determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it. Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that"80 percent of the children of two fat parents become fat,as compared with no more than 14.percent of the children of two parents of normal weight." How can obese people become thinner through dieting? Well,dieting can be effective.but the health costs are great. Jules Hirsch,a research physician at Rockefeller University,did a study of eight fat people.They were.given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.After more than 10 weeks,the subjects lost on average 45 kg.But after leaving the hospital,they all regained the weight. The results were surprising:by metabolic measurement,fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving.They had psychiatric problems.They dreamed of food or of breaking their diet They were anxious and depressed.Some wanted to kill themselves.They hid food in their rooms. Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn't result in normal weight,but in an abnormal state lust like that of starved non.obese people. Thin people, however,suffer from the opposite.They have to make a great effort to gain weight Ethan Sims of the University of Vermont got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight.In four to six months--they ate as much as they could.They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent. But months after the study ended,they were back to normal weight and stayed there. This did not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight.It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly 1ower their weight. The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true--each person has a comfortable weight range.The range might be as much as 9kg.Someone might weigh 60--69kg without too much effort.But,going above or below the natural weight range is difficult.The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing.the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks. The story is mainly written to_. | [
"point out the relations between our body and mind",
"warn us it's extremely harmful to reduce or gain our weight",
"tell us that it's difficult to make a significant change in our weight",
"stress that dieting 1s a recommended way to help you reach your desired weight"
] | C. tell us that it's difficult to make a significant change in our weight | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_130 | Liam lives in the Northern Hemisphere of Earth and plays in the snow in December. His friend lives in the Southern Hemisphere of Earth and plays at the beach in December. What is the best explanation for why this is possible? | [
"tilt of Earth on its axis",
"rotation of Earth on its axis",
"revolution of Earth around the Sun",
"revolution of the Moon around Earth"
] | A. tilt of Earth on its axis | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_5580 | Now, we know that if we do not get enough vitamins, we are at risk of developing a number of diseases. As a result, vitamin supplements ,though expensive, are popular with people who worry that they are not getting enough vitamins from the foods they eat. But contrary to what many people think, medical experts have found little evidence that most supplements do anything to improve health or protect against disease. In fact, medical experts warn that taking too many of some vitamins can be harmful. For example, too much vitamin E can cause bleeding. People should discuss what vitamins they take with their doctors, as some vitamins can produce harmful side effects when mixed with medicines. Experts, however, do say that sometimes vitamins can help prevent disease. People who know they lack a particular vitamin should take vitamin supplements. Some older adults, for example, may not have enough vitamin B-twelve. This is because, as people get older, their body loses its ability to take it from foods. Also, people who spend much time inside may need some extra vitamin D as the skin makes this vitamin from sunlight. Different vitamins are found in different foods. Vitamin A is found in fish liver oil. It also is in the yellow part of eggs. Sweet potatoes, carrots and other darkly color1ed fruits and vegetables contain substances that the body can change into vitamin A. Vitamin B-twelve is found in green leafy vegetables and other foods, like fruits. Vitamin K can be found in pork products. In fact, for most people, a balanced diet can ensure enough of the vitamins our bodies need. So, it is important for us to eat a mixture of foods every day to ensure that we get enough vitamins our bodies need. For people who lack Vitamin B-twelve, they can eat more from _ . | [
"sweet potatoes",
"green leafy vegetables",
"pork products",
"eggs"
] | B. green leafy vegetables | mmlu_train |
aquarat_2122 | If y exceeds x by 25%, then x is less than y by? | [
"80%",
"9%",
"20%",
"24%",
"10%"
] | C. 20% | aquarat |
mmlu_train_33384 | Human beings have a natural desire to explore the unknown. People with a strong interest in space like to say it is the last place left to explore. But scientists are warning that space exploration for long periods is not going to be easy. They say the human body is not designed to stay in space over an extended period. The New York Times recently published a report about scientists who are preparing astronauts for a trip to the Moon. The newspaper said the scientists want to make sure that their crews return home in good health. But there are many problems to be solved before people are ready for long trips to the Moon, an asteroid or even the planet Mars. Humans developed on a planet with a surface that is more than 70 percent water. Our bodies are also about 70 percent water. When there is no gravity that water moves up toward the head, raising pressure in the skull. Arms and legs grow weaker at what is called zero gravity because they no longer need to push against the force of gravity. Five years ago, astronauts who spent weeks in space reported a change in their eyesight. These astronauts were members of the crew on the International Space Station. Research showed a change in the shape of their eyes. Normally-round eyeballs had become flat during time in space. The research also showed that the right eye was affected more than the left, and that men were more affected than women. Scientists could not find an explanation for the differences. Bone loss was one of the problems first reported by astronauts returning to Earth after longer stays in space. So scientists designed exercise machines to use on the space station. Tests showed that the exercise equipment helped space travelers keep their bones almost as strong as when they left Earth. There are other health issues for astronauts who spend a long time in space. They may have problems eating and sleeping. But the biggest health issue is exposure to radiation. On Earth, human beings are protected by the atmosphere and the planet's magnetic field. In outer space, there is no such protection. What will happen to human bodies in space? | [
"Arms and legs grow stronger at what is called zero gravity",
"Blood moves up toward the head.",
"Pressure in the skull will be raised.",
"All of the above."
] | C. Pressure in the skull will be raised. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_62471 | The head of the World Health Organization (WTO) yesterday warned of worsening health in the country's vast rural areas while praising the government for its commitment on improving healthcare in the countryside. "The health indicators have failed to improve in pace with economic indicators." said Margared Chan when addressing a conference on rural primary healthcare in prefix = st1 /China. "The health gap between rural and urban areas has grown even wider and health in parts of rural China is deteriorating ,"she said, adding medical costs are rising faster than the growth of per capital income in rural areas. She said she appreciated the government's efforts and plans to build a medical system for all people. Saying "when fair and accessible public health services become the clear targets of a country's public health policy, people's health will improve." The WTO chief said she noticed that the tasks on improving people's well-being in the report by Party chief Hu Jintao at the 17thNational Congress of the Communist Party of China included a basic medical insurance system for urban dwellers and a cooperative medical care system in rural areas. She said recent WTO research has found that diseases are the source of poverty for 30 to 50 percent of the rural population of 737 million. A growing number of rural people, especially the aged, are suffering from various diseases; however, few have access to decent healthcare, she told the conference. Chan criticized the practice of allowing healthcare services to be commercialized in rural areas, warning it will cause the patients more suffering. The government has pledged to provide its population with basic medical care by 2020. It's expanding medical care through the Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme, a plan under which subscribers are provided with 50 yuan($6.4) per person--20 yuan ($2.6) each from the central and local governments and 10 yuan ($1.3) from the individual. Vice-Minister of Health Chen Xiaohong said nearly 85 percent of the country's rural area, or 2,429 counties, are participating in the plan. Which of the following statements is WRONG? | [
"Diseases are the source of poverty for the rural population",
"About 200 million of the rural population are poor because of diseases.",
"The government has taken some measures to improve the rural healthcare.",
"The local governments will give 20 Yuan to each rural person"
] | B. About 200 million of the rural population are poor because of diseases. | mmlu_train |
arc_challenge_1041 | When fresh water and salt water meet in an estuary, the salt water typically flows underneath the fresh water because the salt water is denser. What effect does this most likely have on the nutrients concentrated in the fresh water? | [
"They are kept close to the shore.",
"They are spread out from the shore.",
"They are diluted by the ocean water.",
"They are inactivated by the ocean water."
] | B. They are spread out from the shore. | arc_challenge |
aquarat_44794 | If n is a positive integer, which of the following is a possible value of |51 - 5n|? | [
"7",
"1",
"14",
"15",
"20"
] | C. 14 | aquarat |
aquarat_50543 | How many kilograms of sugar costing Rs. 9 per kg must be mixed with 27kg of sugar costing Rs.7 per kg so that there may be gain of 10% by selling the mixture at Rs.9.24 per kg? | [
"60 kg",
"63 kg",
"50 kg",
"77 kg",
"None of these"
] | B. 63 kg | aquarat |
arc_easy_273 | Which object below is gaining stored energy? | [
"A rubber band that is being stretched",
"A battery in a flashlight that is on",
"A candle that is burning"
] | A. A rubber band that is being stretched | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_91651 | An inventor has created his perfect girlfriend,a robot who can do the cleaning,remember his favorite drink and read the newspaper to him. Le Trung,33,has spent 14000 dollars creating the robot.He made the robot look like a woman in her twenties with shiny hair and blue eyes. She can speak English and Japanese and she is also good at math.She can help Mr.Trung deal with his accounts. Mr.Trung comes from Canada.He said he has never had time to find a real girlfriend--so he designed and created a robot as his girlfriend using the latest technology.He used to be a software programmer.In order to make this robot,he has taken out his credit cards,sold his car and spent all his life saving. Now he is trying to find a corporate sponsor to help him complete and perfect his robot.He said his robot is what happens when science meets beauty.He said."I want to make her look,feet and act as human as possible so she can be the perfect companion.I chat a lot with her and hope to improve her knowledge." So far the robot can understand and speak 13,000 different sentences in English and Japanese,so she's already fairly intelligent.She can _ faces and says hello when any of his family comes around to visit.She helps him what to have for dinner and knows what drinks he likes. She doesn't need holidays,food or rest,she will work almost 24 hours a day and never goes shopping.She is very patient and never complains.What a perfect woman she is ! The robot can do many things EXCEPT _ for the inventor. | [
"cleaning",
"reading newspapers",
"dealing with math problems",
"cooking"
] | D. cooking | mmlu_train |
aquarat_19328 | Number X is 30% more than that of Number Y . Find what percent of Number Y is less than Number X ? | [
"25 1/3%",
"26 1/3%",
"24 1/3%",
"23 1/3%",
"23 2/3%"
] | D. 23 1/3% | aquarat |
aquarat_44928 | It takes Warner 30 minutes to walk to the car park and 90 min to drive to work. At what time should he get out of the house in order to get to work at 9:00 a.m.? | [
"8:50 a.m",
"5:50 a.m",
"7:00 a.m",
"6:50 a.m",
"9:50 a.m"
] | C. 7:00 a.m | aquarat |
mmlu_train_37264 | The year of 2014 saw smart people always busy inventing useful things, which have hepled to make the world better, smarter and a little for fun. Now, let's take a look at some of the inventions. Super banana Australian biogeneticist James Dale visited Uganda, a poor African country, in the early 2000s, where he found that 15-30 percent of children under 5 were at risk of going blind because they did not get enough Vitamin A. Dale also learned that people there love bananas. They eat three to 11 bananas a day. So he came up with the idea to plant bananas containing added nutrition in order to improve Ugandans' health. With the help of Bill Gates' foundation, Dale developed the "super banana". He added a gene to the fruit, making it rich in Vitamin A. Coaching basketball Basketball is popular worldwide, partly because you only need a hoop and a ball to play the game. But this simple game has experienced a technology makeover this year with the development of a smart-sensor basketball. The ball, called the 94Fifty Basketball, has nine sensors inside. They can tell you anything from how fast you are going to how accurate your shot angles are. With a Bluetooth chip inside, the basketball can connect to your smartphone and tell you in the voice of a coach to "snap your wrist ", or"go faster", depending on the data. The Hovercraft Thanks to the California-based company Hendo, flying past your friends on a floating board could soon become a reality. The Hovercraft has four small engines. These create a special magnetic field which produce enough force to lift the board off the ground. At the moment, the hoverboard can only float an inch off the ground for 15 minutes and must fly over a metal material. It's expensive too, at $10,000 (61,810 yuan), but the company hopes that one day the technology could be used. Wireless electricity Most of us could not bear to live without wireless Internet. We use it every day for everything from our phones to our cars. But one company wants to go a step further, by combining wireless technology with electricity. That's right, no more tangled wires and no more having to sit and hold your cell phone near a power socket in the corner of the room. WiTricity, a US company, has invented technology that can power objects up to 2.4 meters away. It uses a special plug-in coil that creates a magnetic field! Which of the following statements would James Dale agree with? | [
"Children in Uganda should eat fewer bananas.",
"Vitamin A is largely found in fruits like bananas.",
"Super bananas are definitely a safe biological product.",
"people's eating habits can be used to develop new food."
] | D. people's eating habits can be used to develop new food. | mmlu_train |
m1_pref_100 | In vector space retrieval each row of the matrix M corresponds to | [
"A document",
"A concept",
"A query",
"A term"
] | D. A term | m1_pref |
arc_easy_525 | Which of the following is a characteristic of all chemical changes? | [
"A different state of matter is produced.",
"Some mass is converted to energy.",
"Some form of light is given off.",
"A new material is formed."
] | D. A new material is formed. | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_66189 | Looking back on my childhood. I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made. Although we were brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic. Before Word War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a crystal clear memory of dogs, the farm animals, the local birds and above all, the insects. I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil reading about other people's observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle. Because it all seems to fit together .This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books. Which some may light honor, with the title of scientific research. But curiosity a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist? One of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality I lack. A scientist can be made a naturalist. If you can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds. According to the author, a born naturalist should first of all be _ | [
"full of ambition",
"self-disciplined",
"full of enthusiasm",
"knowledgeable"
] | C. full of enthusiasm | mmlu_train |
aquarat_20890 | The radius of a cylindrical vessel is 5cm and height is 3cm. Find the whole surface of the cylinder? | [
"251.4 sq cm",
"220 sq cm",
"440 sq cm",
"132 sq cm",
"138 sq cm"
] | A. 251.4 sq cm | aquarat |
mmlu_train_45384 | Are you carrying too much on your back at school? You're not alone. Back experts in the USA were worried that young students are having back and neck problems because they are carrying too much in their backpacks (schoolbags). "It hurts my back when I run," said Eglin Reyes, a student in Virginia. "It's hard to get up the stairs with my backpack because it's too heavy." Students have to carry heavy backpacks on their backs for a whole week's study. Beeline is one of them. They have regular backpacks with two straps to carry them, but a number of students with heavy loads have switched to rolling backpacks. The backpacks have wheels and can roll on the ground. Shirley Park's backpack weighs 10 kilos, and she said, "I'll change to a rolling backpack because I am starting to have back pain." How much is too much? Experts say that students should carry no more than 10 to 15 percent of their own body weight. A few students have had a good idea to lighten the load: Less homework. Doctor's suggestions: *Lighten the load. Take home only the books the students need that night. *Wide straps are better. They can send out weight over your shoulders and be sure to wear backpacks with two straps. *The heaviest things should be packed closest to the back. *Bend both knees when you pick up the pack, don't just bend the waist . By the words of the experts, it's better for a student of 40 kilos to carry a backpack of at most _ . | [
"7 kilos",
"8 kilos",
"6 kilos",
"10 kilos"
] | C. 6 kilos | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_18760 | The Camp Invention Program will be held through July at the Hillcrest Intermediate School, North Huntingdon. It exposes children to science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM) through hands-on activities. The Camp Invention Program, created by Invent Now Kids, was founded in 1990. Now it has grown to include almost l,500 sites across the U. S., with thousands of children attending the program each year. "Our main purpose is to help children develop a greater interest in the fields of STEM," said Lori Bryne, the Senior Regional Program Manager. Children in the camp will be given the opportunity to explore the unknown and put ideas into practice. The program will challenge children to real world situations that will help them build a team spirit and life skills. The program will include five modules this year. One module will feature "Problem Solving on Planet ZAK". It will challenge children by creating a world of science fiction. Imitating a "crash" onto a planet, children will be asked to figure out ways to stay safe, find food and to "rebuild" their spacecraft, using a variety of common objects. Another module will be "Saving Sludge City" which will have children find ways to create a cleaner and eco-friendly city. "Imagination Point: Ride Physics" asks children to work as interns in the world's newest and largest theme park called "Imagination Point". Children will learn the basic principles of motion through hands-on activities related directly to rides. Another feature of the camp will be the "I Can Invent" which will focus on the real world of inventions by having children explore the process of invention. The final module will be "Global Games" which will introduce games ranging from those played in ancient times to the present day to children. "We want to encourage children to go into the fields of STEM," Bryne said. "This program is a fun way to do that." According to the text, the Camp Invention Program _ . | [
"has rapidly developed",
"is held every other year",
"was organized by Lori Bryne",
"has been in existence for 24 years"
] | A. has rapidly developed | mmlu_train |
aquarat_15857 | In an island, there are four men for every three women and five children for every three men. How many children are there in the island if it has 531 women ? | [
"454",
"1180",
"1070",
"389",
"983"
] | B. 1180 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_60787 | STUDY CENTER COURSES If a student takes the course The Short Story, he can't take _ . | [
"From Paragraph to Essay",
"Tense about Tenses",
"Source Material",
"Media Use"
] | A. From Paragraph to Essay | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_26706 | On a cool summer night in Wyoming, Dean Biggins waits patiently in his truck. Suddenly, Biggins, a wildlife biologist, spots a pair of eyes in the distance. Baggins can't believe his luck: He's just caught sight of a black-footed ferret --one of the world's rarest animals. Just over a century ago, hundreds of thousands of black-footed ferrets lived on the grasslands in North America known as the prairie. But the animals died off as prairie dog disappeared. Black-footed ferret depend on prairie dogs for both food and shelter. After a ferret has eaten a prairie dog, it moves into the animal's burrow . When cattlemen started setting up ranches on the prairie in the early 1900s, they thought prairie dogs, which eat grass, might compete with their cattle and sheep for food. To make sure that didn't happen, they killed off billions of prairie dogs. As prairie dog populations dropped, black-footed ferrets disappeared. By 1979, researchers couldn't find any ferrets and declared the species extinct. Then, two years later, a small group was discovered. Although scientists were excited about the discovery, it soon became clear that the ferrets were in danger. A disease called sylvatic plague was killing the ferrets. Soon, just 18 ferrets remained. "To help the species survive, the researchers put all the ferrets in cages in 1986 and began raising them," says Randy Matchett, a wildlife biologist. To help the black-footed ferrets learn survival skills, wildlife biologists put them through a process called preconditioning. Researchers build a fence around old prairie dog burrows and put the ferrets in them when they are a couple of months old. While the animals get used to their new home, researchers feed them live prairie dogs so they can practice hunting. "Now about 1,000 black-footed ferrets are back in the wild. Despite their amazing comeback, black-footed ferrets aren't out of the woods yet," says Matchett. Sylvatic plague is still a threat, and ranchers still don't want too many prairie dogs on their land. "We have come a long way, and we've learned a lot," says Matchett. "I think if we keep working, we'll be able to help this species recover." How do scientists help the ferrets? | [
"They take measures to stop the disease spreading.",
"They call on people to stop hunting the animals.",
"They set ferrets free when they are two months old.",
"They train the animals so they can survive in the wild."
] | D. They train the animals so they can survive in the wild. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_73843 | Have you ever wondered how and why a fall leaf changes color? We first have to understand what leaves are and what they do. Plants are the world's food factories. Plants take water from the ground and take CO2from the air. Plants use sunlight to turn water and CO2into glucose . Glucose is a kind of sugar. Using it as food, plants get energy and grow. Plants using sunlight to turn water and CO2into sugar is called photosynthesis . _ helps photosynthesis. It gives plants their green color. As summer ends and autumn comes, the days get shorter and shorter, and trees "know" to begin getting ready for winter. During winter, there is not enough light or water for photosynthesis. Trees rest during this time and live on the food they store during the summer. They begin to shut down their food -- making factories. As the green chlorophyII disappears from the leaves, we begin to see yellow and orange leaves. These colors have been in the leaves all the time. We just can't see them in the summer, because they are covered up by the green chlorophyII. The bright reds and purples we see in leaves are made mostly in autumn. In some trees, glucose is caught in the leaves after photosynthesis stops. Sunlight and the cool nights of autumn turn this glucose into a red color. The brown color of trees is made from waste left in the leaves. It is mixture of all these things. It makes the beautiful leaves during autumn. . When they rest in winter, trees live on the food they store during the _ . | [
"summer",
"autumn",
"winter",
"spring"
] | A. summer | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_99145 | A person avoiding UV rays would | [
"gather seashells at the beach",
"sunbathe in their yard",
"dig a trench outdoors",
"close their bedroom blinds"
] | D. close their bedroom blinds | mmlu_train |
aquarat_34153 | The perimeter of one face of a cube is 28 cm. Its volume will be: | [
"125cm3",
"343cm3",
"250cm3",
"625cm3",
"None of these"
] | B. 343cm3 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_68506 | Do you know that it is your own immune system working against the virus that makes you uncomfortable when getting a cold, but not the virus itself? So when you have got a strong immune system and the virus is strong enough too, you will possibly get terrible cold symptoms( ) ? Vitamin C won't stop a cold It is claimed that Vitamin C helps by increasing white blood cells. However, many tests have shown that it does not prevent colds. At best, it only slightly reduces the rime of symptoms. Staying indoors won't protect you One of the most likely sources of cold viruses is your computer mouse or desk. A study of the cold virus in offices found that 47% of desktops, 46% of computer mice and 45% of telephones had cold viruses on them. Wrapping up warm won't protect you Colds are more common in autumn and winter. That's because the cool, wet and cold weather drives people indoors, where viruses may more easily jump from one person to another. And the distinct peak in colds is in September and early January, which is likely due to the return of students to schools and colleges after the summer and winter vacation. Old granny's chicken soup is right Granny's chicken soup is an old cure for colds since a long time ago. Scientists say it is true. Chicken soup does help cure a cold. Many canned soups are just efficient as homemade ones. It is _ that makes you uncomfortable when getting a cold. | [
"the virus itself",
"Vitamin C",
"the terrible cold symptom",
"your own immune system"
] | D. your own immune system | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_13181 | Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. We go fishing, sit in the garden, have a picnic, live in the suburbs or go to the seaside. The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. When joggers jog, they don't run the streets. Every one of them tend to go to the park or the river. But despite this, our children are growing up naturedeprived . I spent my boyhood climbing trees. These days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and strange new ideas about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found. The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD--attention deficit hyperactivity disorder . Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%. ADHD is one of the great problems of modern childhood. One study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places. The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. The increasing concern for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality. Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world. We need the wild world. It is essential to our wellbeing, our health and our happiness. In what way do people benefit from their contact with nature? | [
"Children with ADHD can be cured.",
"A garden nearby improves the quality of old people's life.",
"Problems with crime and violent behaviour will easily be solved.",
"Children's performance at school is greatly improved."
] | B. A garden nearby improves the quality of old people's life. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_98107 | If a thing creates sugars in a natural system, then it is likely a | [
"daffodil",
"wolf",
"rabbit",
"deer"
] | A. daffodil | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_37949 | One day several years ago,Josie went to collect her sister from her local Harvester pub in Brentwood,Essex,where they both worked.A few men came up with gulls in their hands.The robbers then tied up their arms and legs and told them to get down on the ground,while they _ the restaurant,fleeing withPS1,000. "As I lay on the ground I felt helpless and ashamed as they took time out to laugh at me,calling me fat cow,''Josie said.Shortly after that she was able to untie herself and raise the alarm,but it was just the beginning of her nightmare. "I was too terrified to go back to work,so I had to leave.I slept with the light on for more than a year.My confidence was totally destroyed.At school people would call me fatty and shout nasty things.When the robber called me fat that night,it just brought all those horrible memories back.''Over the next few months Josie ate more and piled on more pounds as she tried to cope with the sufferings. Two years went by and Josie stuck to the same bad habits,which worried her family a lot.In order to wipe the cloud off and cheer her up,her sister suggested a trip.It wasn't until returning from the family holiday on the island of Aruba that she decided to take action once and for all and signed up for Weight.Watchers the next day with her sister. Eighteen months 1ater,a slimmer and happier Josie flew to Turkey in summer in 2012 with her family,where she met sailor Fatih,26,at a party and the pair:plan to get married next summer."If you had told me three years ago that I would be marrying a handsome Turkish man, and looking for a size 10 wedding dress,I would have never believed you." When did Josie decide to lose weight? | [
"After she heard the:robber's words.",
"When she met the sailor Fatih.",
"After she graduated from school.",
"After she finished the tour of Aruba."
] | D. After she finished the tour of Aruba. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_23525 | 2014 saw that the Ebola virus reappeared in Guinea and soon spread into neighbouring Liberia and Sierra Leone, killing over 7,800 people by the new year of 2015. It leads to viral hemorrhagic fever, which is characterized by high fever and internal bleeding etc. Ebola is named after the Ebola River, where it was first discovered in 1976. There are five different types of the Ebola virus, each named after where they first happened: Sudan, Ivory Coast, Reston, Bundibugyo, and Zaire. The deadliest of the five, Zaire, was responsible for the 2012 out- break, and is believed to be attacking Guinea. Ebola is naturally found in fruit bats, which pass on the virus to other animals by biting or sucking on their blood. Humans who are suffering from the Ebola infection might have touched the bodily fluids of the infected animals. Once infected, a human becomes a carrier of the deadly virus. Unfortunately, there are no disease - specific treatments for Ebola. Health - care workers only supply the infected people with physiological saline to keep them in good condition. Ebola can kill 90% of those infected, especially in underdeveloped societies like those in Africa. Since there have been many cases of nurses catching the disease from patients, they are forced to wear strict protective clothes, and in some cases, not even allowed to get close to the infected. The fact that there is no cure for the Ebola virus is what makes the outbreak a challenging one to control. What's worse, since we live in an interconnected world, where the situation in one country can affect us all, the influences of Ebola are huge: damaging trade relations, affecting foreign visitors, and weakening entire countries. It is feared that the disease may spread throughout west African countries. For every country, a strong health system can decrease the risk of health attack and lessen the impact of Ebola. Which of the following is true? | [
"There are no effective drugs to treat Ebola by far.",
"Ebola is now very common in Guinea.",
"Those with a fever must be infected by Ebola.",
"Females are easier to be infected by Ebola."
] | A. There are no effective drugs to treat Ebola by far. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_95409 | What happens when hexane's temperature goes above 70 degrees celsius? | [
"It melts",
"it sublimates",
"it boils",
"It freezes"
] | C. it boils | mmlu_train |
aquarat_8647 | An alloy contains tin and copper in the ratio of 4:5 . If tin has 20% impurity and copper has 58% , what is the avg impurity percentage ? | [
"20%",
"41.1%",
"35%",
"38%",
"43.1%"
] | B. 41.1% | aquarat |
mmlu_train_60719 | Researchers have announced the result of two studies on the health effects of the drug aspirin.One study shows aspirin can sharply reduce the chance that a healthy, older man will suffer from a heart attack. The study offered two new results from earlier findings, It said taking one aspirin pili every other day helped only healthy men over the age of fifty.It also said aspirin gave the greatest protection against heart attacks to men with low blood cholesterol levels. Earlier in the United States began a major aspirin study in the early 1980s.It included 22,000 healthy men doctors.Ail were between the ages of forty and eighty-four.More than 11,000 of the doctors took a harmless pill that contained no drug.The men did not know which kind of pill they were taking. The doctors who took aspirin suffered 44% fewer heart attacks than those taking the harmless pill.139 men who took aspirin suffered from heart attacks.Ten of them died.239 men who did not take aspirin suffered from heart attacks.Twenty-six of them died. The researchers said the doctors' study provides clear proof that taking aspirin can prevent a first heart attack in healthy, older men.They said, however, the result does not mean every man over the mage of fifty should take aspirin.They said aspirin couldn't help men who do not eat healthy foods, who smoke cigarettes and who are fat.The researchers said men who think they wou3d be helped by taking aspirin should talk with their doctors first. Aspirin can help those who _ . | [
"are older and healthy",
"know how to keep fit",
"are fat and smoke cigarettes",
"are suffering from heart attack"
] | A. are older and healthy | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_32524 | Moscow, Russia (Space news)... "The,computer is a better chess player, " insisted Viktor Prozorov, the loser. "It seemed as if it were laughing after every good move, I know I should have beaten it for the sake of mankind , but I just couldn't win," he announced and shook his head sadly. Prozorov's disappointment was shared by sereral grand masters who were present, some of whom were so upet that they shouted at the machine. Many chess players said that this meant the end of chess championships around the world, since the fun had been taken out of the game. The computer walked or rather, rolled-away with 5,000 dollars in prize money and limited its remarks to a set of noises and lights. After winning the game, the computer _ . | [
"laughed",
"walked away",
"made some remarks",
"gave out some lights and sounds"
] | D. gave out some lights and sounds | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_12513 | 400-year-old plants from the Little Ice Age were brought back to life, which could help us understand how the Earth will deal with climate change. Moss found buried beneath the Teardrop glacier on Ellesmere Island in Canada has been brought back to life. Findings suggest that these plants could help repopulate regions exposed by melting ice caps. Plants that were buried beneath thick ice in Canada more than 400 years ago and were thought to have frozen to death have been brought back to life by Canadian scientists. Samples of the moss plant, covered by the glacier during the Little Ice Age of 1550 to 1850 AD, were replanted in a lab at the University of Alberta and grew new stems . Researchers now think these findings can give indication as to how regions can recover as the ice covering them melts. Biologist Dr. Catherine La Farge and her team at the University of Alberta were exploring the region around the Teardrop glacier on Ellesmere Island. Ice on Ellesmere Island region has been melting at around four meters each year for the past nine years. This means that many areas of land that were previously covered by ice have since been exposed. Many ecosystems that were thought to have been destroyed during the Little Ice Age between 1550 and 1850 AD can now be studied, including many species that have never been studied before. While examining an exposed area of land, La Farge and her team discovered a small area of moss called Aulacomnium turgidum. It is a type of bryophyte plant that mainly grows across Canada, the US and the Highlands of Scotland. Dr La Farge noticed that the moss had small patches of green stems, suggesting it is either growing again or can be encouraged to repopulate. Dr La Farge told the BBC, "When we looked at the samples in detail and brought them to the lab, I could see some of the stems actually had new growth of green branches, suggesting that these plants are growing again, and that _ When we think of thick areas of ice covering the landscape, we've always thought that plants have to come from refugia , never considering that land plants come from underneath a glacier. It's a whole world of what's coming out from underneath the glacier that really needs to be studied. The ice is disappearing pretty fast. We really have not examined all the biological systems that exist in the world; we don't know it all." Dr La Farge took samples of the moss and, using carbon-dating techniques, discovered that the plants date back to the Little Ice Age. Dr La Farge's team took the samples, planted them in dishes full of nutrient-rich potting soil and fed them with water. The samples were from four separate species including Aulacomnium turgidum, Distichium capillaceum, Encalypta procera and Syntrichia ruralis. The moss plants found by Dr La Farge are types of bryophytes. Bryophytes can survive long winters and regrow when the weather gets warmer. However, Dr La Farge was surprised that the plants buried under ice have survived into the twenty-first century. Her findings appear in proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. According to the passage, Aulacomnium turgidum _ . | [
"lives better in small groups",
"is very active in hot weather",
"is strong enough to survive coldness",
"is chosen from Canadian refugia"
] | C. is strong enough to survive coldness | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_96768 | Which might need warm asphalt to help regulate its body temperature? | [
"whales",
"dolphins",
"rattlesnakes",
"squid"
] | C. rattlesnakes | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_89742 | We have known for a long time that flowers of different plants open and close at different time of day. Yet no one really understands why flowers open and close like this at particular times. It is not as simple as we might think, as new experiments have shown. In one experiment, flowers were kept in darkness. We might expect that the flowers, without any information about the time of the day, did not open as they usually do. In fact, they continued to open at their usual time. This shows that they have some mysterious way of knowing the time. Their sense of time does not depend on information from the outside world; it is, so to speak, inside them, a kind of "inner clock". This discovery may not seem to be very important. However, it was later found that not just plants but also animals including man have this "inner clock"which controls working of their bodies and their activities. Human beings, then, are also controlled by this mysterious power. Whether we wish it or not, it affects such things in our life as our need for sleep, our need for food. And our ability to concentrate . One experiment was done for finding out _ . | [
"when different flowers open and close",
"if flowers have a mysterious way of knowing the time",
"how flowers are used to tell the time in the darkness",
"why flowers open and close at particular time"
] | D. why flowers open and close at particular time | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_97780 | Digestion is when stomach acid breaks down | [
"a pizza",
"a house",
"a rock",
"a car"
] | A. a pizza | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_112 | Scientists study the current conditions of many solar system objects to gain insight into conditions early in the history of Earth. Which phenomenon most closely models current theories of early Earth? | [
"liquid forming valleys on Mars",
"hundreds of active volcanoes on Io",
"rock and ice forming the core of Neptune",
"ice covering the entire surface of Europa"
] | B. hundreds of active volcanoes on Io | arc_easy |
aquarat_34388 | A man sells a horse for Rs.800 and loses something, if he had sold it for Rs.980, his gain would have been double the former loss. Find the cost price of the horse? | [
"337",
"278",
"288",
"860",
"721"
] | D. 860 | aquarat |
arc_easy_1527 | What is the approximate length of time it takes the Moon to complete one lunar cycle? | [
"14 days",
"29 days",
"180 days",
"365 days"
] | B. 29 days | arc_easy |
arc_easy_1880 | An agricultural scientist, George Washington Carver, is most famous for his research on | [
"tobacco.",
"peanuts.",
"mold.",
"corn."
] | B. peanuts. | arc_easy |
arc_easy_1179 | At night, the Moon is the brightest object in the sky. Where does the Moon's light come from? | [
"The Moon reflects light from Earth.",
"The Moon reflects light from the Sun.",
"The Moon makes light beneath its surface.",
"The Moon has rocks on its surface that glow."
] | B. The Moon reflects light from the Sun. | arc_easy |
aquarat_38950 | The present worth of Rs.1404 due in two equal half-yearly instalments at 8% per annum. Simple interest is: | [
"1320",
"1300",
"1325",
"120",
"None of these"
] | C. 1325 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_96284 | Examples of hypothesis is | [
"September 11th was a terrorist attack",
"Rain falls from the sky",
"Fish swim in water",
"Drinking sugary drinks daily leads to obesity"
] | D. Drinking sugary drinks daily leads to obesity | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_59550 | Leaders of the World Health Organization say they are concerned about the air quality and health efiects on citizens during a recent outbreak of heavy pollution in Beijing.Still,they said they were unsure of the exact amount the air pollution takes on any person's body,casting doubts on local reports tying the area's dirty air to particular cases of illness. Speaking at a briefing on Tuesday,the WHO's Western Pacific regional director, Shin Young--Soo,cited reports about poor air quality causing lung cancer in recent weeks. "The WHO is skeptical of the information,"she said."We're cautious of whether the illness is related to air po11ution. We know it has an impact on health,but we don't know how much." The officials didn't cite particular reports.The comments follow a number of articles since late last year connecting some cases of diseases like lung cancer with pollution,.including one in November regarding an 8-year-old girl. The health impact of Beijing's gray skies has been on the minds of many over the past week. Local authorities on Tuesday preserved an orange alert the city's second highest pollution-warning level--and again warned people to stay indoors.Experts widely agree that small particulates known as PM2.5 carry significant short-and long-term health risks,particularly with children.Other studies find a certain link between pollution and shorter life spans. Chinese state media have noted a rise in cancer levels in Beijing,without specifying whether the new cases are the main result of pollution,smoking,other sources or some combination. Bernhard Schwartlander,the organization's China chief,said he is concerned and has been in contact with national authorities."There is no easy solution,"Dr. Schwartlainder said,adding that solving the problem requires managing industry and the economy.WHO leaders advised citizens.to stay indoors and limit exposure to the harmful particulates.When asked if wearing a face mask has any proven efficacy in preventing health effects of air pollution,Dr. Schwartlainder said,"Whatever you do,it's better than nothing." What would be the best title of this passage? | [
"The dangers of heavy pollution",
"The impacts of pollution on health",
"The importance of protecting the environment",
"The uncertainty of relationship between pollution and health"
] | D. The uncertainty of relationship between pollution and health | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1724 | When athletes begin to exercise, their heart rates and respiration rates increase. At what level of organization does the human body coordinate these functions? | [
"at the tissue level",
"at the organ level",
"at the system level",
"at the cellular level"
] | C. at the system level | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_6705 | Height is just one of the thousands of features your genes decide. In fact, because you have two parents, your genes provide you a height that usually lands somewhere between the height of each parent. If both your parents are tall, then most probably you will be tall, too, but if you have questions about how tall you're going to be, ask your doctor if he or she can help you find it out. But genes don't decide everything. For example, eating an unhealthy diet can keep you from growing to your ideal height. Getting plenty of sleep and enough exercise will help you grow to the expected height. No doubt you're wondering how fast you should grow. It depends. There's no perfect or right answer. Generally speaking, kids grow about 2 inches (6 centimeters) a year between age 3 and the time when they start puberty (when your body starts changing and becoming more grown up). Your doctor will know how your growth has been going over the years. Two centimeters here and 2 inches there are not nearly as important as the height you're at now, how you've been growing up to this point, and what other changes your body may be going through. Don't be scared if you seem to have grown a lot in a very short time. Everyone has a growth spurt during puberty. The age for starting puberty is about 10 for girls and about 11 for boys. But it can be earlier or later ---between 7 and 13 for girls and 9 and 15 for boys. You'll usually begin to notice that you're growing faster about a year or so after your body starts to show the first changes of puberty. This passage is mainly about _ . | [
"how the genes work in your body",
"when is the time you grow fast",
"why you look like your parents",
"how you grow to a certain height"
] | D. how you grow to a certain height | mmlu_train |
aquarat_39990 | Two trains 50 m and 120 m long run at the speed of 60 km/hr and 40 km/hr respectively in opposite directions on parallel tracks. The time which they take to cross each other is? | [
"10.9 sec",
"14.8 sec",
"6.12 sec",
"10.8 sec",
"20.8 sec"
] | C. 6.12 sec | aquarat |
mmlu_train_78202 | Many young people use computers, but few of them know how to look after them. Remember the following when you use your computer. *Keep your computer in a cool room. Too much or too little heat is bad for computers. Most computers work best at a temperature of 5 oC--30 oC. *Don't let people smoke cigarette near your computer. Smoke of all kinds is very bad for many parts of a computer and can cause many problems. *Don't eat or drink when you are near your computer. Pieces of food and a little water in the keyboard can also cause many problems. *Make sure the screen is the correct distance from your eyes. If you wear glasses, make sure these glasses are correct for using with the computer. Some people use a different pair of glasses when they use a computer. *Keep your screen clean and don't have it too bright. A dirty screen can hurt your eyes. A very bright screen can also be bad for your eyes. When you work on the computer, you can _ . | [
"wear glasses",
"smoke cigarette",
"eat some hamburgers",
"clean the keyboard with water"
] | A. wear glasses | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_6427 | Most people agree that eating healthy food is important. But sometimes making good food choices can be difficult. Now, there are apps that can help people learn about the food they eat to improve their health and their dining out experience. OpenTable app OpenTable app helps people choose restaurants when they want to go out to eat. It is a free service that shows users restaurant available based on where and when they want to dine. It gives users points when they make reservations, which can add up to discounts on restaurant visits. Max McCalman's Cheese & Wine Pairing app Wine and cheese can be a great combination. But which wines go best with which cheeses? Max McCalman's Cheese & Wine Pairing app can help. It provides information about hundreds of different cheeses and suggests wines to pair with each. Max McCalman's Cheese & Wine Pairing app is free. HappyCow app Vegetarians do not eat animal meat. Vegans do not eat any animal products. The HappyCow app is made for both groups. Users can search for vegetarian-vegan restaurants and stores around the world. LocalEats app Restaurant chains, like McDonalds, can be found almost anywhere a person might travel. But sometimes travelers want to eat like locals. The LocalEats app is designed for that. It can help you find local restaurants in major cities in the US. and in other countries. It costs about a dollar. WhereChefsEat app Where Chefs Eat is a 975-page book. Most people would not want to carry that around. But there is a much lighter app version of the same name for just $15. Six hundred chefs provide information on 3,000 restaurants around the world on the WhereChefsEat app. Happycow app is designed for those who prefer _ . | [
"local foods.",
"wine and cheese",
"vegetables",
"animal meat"
] | C. vegetables | mmlu_train |
aquarat_9881 | x+(1/x) = 3 find x^2 + (1/x^2) | [
"2.25",
"7",
"4.25",
"5.25",
"6.25"
] | B. 7 | aquarat |
m1_pref_222 | Does the following code compile? val x = 12 def foo(x: List[Int]): Int = x match \t case Nil => 0 \t case x :: xs => x | [
"Yes",
"No"
] | A. Yes | m1_pref |
aquarat_7721 | Which of the following numbers is divisible by 8? | [
"10021",
"17511",
"26778",
"18520",
"26711"
] | D. 18520 | aquarat |
arc_challenge_248 | A block of ice is placed on a hot sidewalk. The ice melts because | [
"the energy from the ice flows to the sidewalk.",
"the energy from the sidewalk flows to the ice.",
"convection currents flow between the ice and the sidewalk.",
"radiation flows between the ice and the sidewalk."
] | B. the energy from the sidewalk flows to the ice. | arc_challenge |
mmlu_train_98085 | Reproduction means a development of genes like | [
"time travel",
"a personality",
"magical powers",
"hairline"
] | D. hairline | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_66020 | We need your help -- actually, we all need each other's help! Although dinner might be just about our only daily opportunity to sit down together, catch up and eat a healthy meal, we tend to be too busy/stressed/tired (you can throw in a dozen other reasons) to cook ourselves. The kids are shrieking, everyone is starving and your fridge contains nothing but a few squishy squashes and a limp carrot. So what do we all do? We give up and give in to some awful food choices that someone in some far-off factory or fast-food restaurant "cooked" without one bit of love in their heart. And this is making us sick and fat and it's killing us. Why not try HOME COOKED SUNDAYS? The idea is simple: Use the one day of the week we do have time to cook -- Sundays. Let's make it a fun bonding activity -- and a wildly productive and delicious one, too. Let's use Sundays to shop, prep and cook with our families (hey, everyone can pitch in!), and then enjoy a great sit-down dinner at the family table. Let's turn this into a cherished weekly ritual . To get people excited and cooking again, Kirstin Uhrenholdt (she is Danish and -- no kidding -- grew up on a fruit farm) and I wrote The Family Cooks, a cookbook filled with easy, healthy and tasty recipes. We included lots of tips and tricks to avoid an unhealthy week -- including how to avoid junk food hazards in the supermarket, and ways that small and big kids can help you cook. We know you have good ones, too. So let's share all our great ideas and inspire others to give it a try, because we know that Home Cooked Sundays will guarantee calmer and healthier weeknights -- and give us the perfect way to start the week connecting with our kids while teaching them a thing or two about health and happiness. Will you help make home-cooked meals synonymous with Sundays? Share your ideas, inspirations and best tips on how you prep your fridge on Sunday for a smooth week ahead. Send us your three best tips and favorite go-to recipe for Sunday dinner. We will post ours, and together, we'll make Home Cooked Sunday the single best and most delicious day of the week! The author advises readers to _ . | [
"attend a cooking competition",
"start cooking on Sundays regularly",
"buy the cookbook The Family Cooks",
"spend more time with families on Sundays"
] | B. start cooking on Sundays regularly | mmlu_train |
aquarat_4346 | A train passes a station platform in 34 seconds and a man standing on the platform in 20 seconds. If the speed of the train is 54 km/hr, what is the length of the platform? | [
"228",
"210",
"188",
"266",
"281"
] | B. 210 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_98350 | The best place to get vitamin D is | [
"orange juice",
"a hamburger",
"popcorn",
"a cows utter"
] | D. a cows utter | mmlu_train |
aquarat_13600 | The S.I. on a certain sum of money for 6 years at 14% per annum is half the C.I. on Rs. 7000 for 2 years at 7% per annum. The sum placed on S.I. is? | [
"603.75",
"555.75",
"569.55",
"256.25",
"563.23"
] | A. 603.75 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_29679 | "In reading the lives of great men, I found that the first victory they won was over themselves... self-discipline with all of them came first." -- Harry S. Truman That is the quotation that had me thinking yesterday. Discipline , in particular self-discipline, is what will get us through most things in life, from writing this simple post to Achieving Greatness for You and I. You may ask, "Why is discipline important in writing this post?" For people who have tried writing, you would know how hard it might get sometimes to actually sit down and finish the whole article in one period without getting up every few minutes to get a drink, a snack or toilet break etc. Just with most things in life, often we lack the self-discipline to see us through what we are hoping to do or achieve. One area where self-discipline is clearly important is in losing weight. Some people are constantly looking for quick fix to their weight problem; they will jump at anything that is claimed to help them lose weight in the shortest time. They may lose weight fast, but they will find the result short-term especially if they do not change the way they live and the food they eat. A friend of mine shared his experience going through the journey from 115 kilograms to 56 kilograms in around one year. His journey of losing weight started from a trip with his daughter to the doctor for her check-up. He playfully weighed himself on the weighing machine while his daughter was having the check-up. The doctor saw his weight and made a remark, "If you maintain that balloon weight, you cannot see your grandchildren." That made him decide, "Enough is enough!" Not only that, he felt tired easily and his excessive weight made him feel like a walking balloon. In that moment of awakening, he made decisions to change his lifestyle and eating habits. The author holds the belief that _ . | [
"we can't achieve anything in life without self-discipline",
"only great men need self-discipline",
"self-discipline is most needed in losing weight",
"self-discipline has something to do with one's lifestyle"
] | A. we can't achieve anything in life without self-discipline | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_45948 | For grown-ups,an afternoon snooze is often easier said than done.But many of us have probably experienced just how simple it can be to catch some sleep in a gently rocking hammock .By examining brain waves in sleeping adults,researchers reported in the June 21issue of Current Biology,a Cell Press publication,that they now have evidence to explain why that is. "It is a common belief that rocking causes sleep:we fall asleep in a rocking chair soon and,since ancient times,we cradle our babies to sleep,"said Sophie Schwartz of the University of Geneva."Yet,how this works had remained a mystery.The goal of our study was made up of two parts:to test whether rocking does indeed improve sleep,and to understand how this might work at the brain level." Schwartz,Michel Muhlethaler,and their colleagues Laurence Bayer and Irina Constantinescu asked twelve adult volunteers to nap on a custom-made bed or"experimental hammock"that could either remain still or rock gently.All participants were good sleepers who didn't typically nap and did not suffer from excessive sleepiness during the day.Each participant took two 45-minute afternoon naps,one with the bed still and one with the bed in motion,while their brain activity was monitored. "We observed a faster transition to sleep in each and every subject in the swinging condition,"Muhlethaler said."Surprisingly,we also observed a dramatic boosting of certain types of sleep-related brain waves." More specifically,rocking increased the length of stage N2sleep,a form of non-rapid eye movement sleep that normally occupies about half of a good night's sleep.The rocking bed also had a lasting effect on brain activity,increasing slow brain waves and bursts of activity known as sleep spindles . Schwartz and Muhlethaler say the next step is to find out whether rocking can improve longer periods of sleep and to find out whether it may be useful for the treatment of sleep disorders,such as insomnia . What finding was beyond the researchers'expectation? | [
"The rocking seemed to improve participants'sleep quality.",
"All the participants fell asleep faster in the swinging condition.",
"Some participants couldn't fall asleep in the swinging condition.",
"Participants had a tendency to sleep excessively in the swinging bed."
] | A. The rocking seemed to improve participants'sleep quality. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_83039 | Hi! I'm a Chinese girl. My name is Liu Wei. My English name is Sally. I'm twelve. I'm in Class 8, Grade 1. My English teacher is Mr. Lee. He is from New York. He is a good teacher. I don't know how old he is. My good friend is Jane. She is from Canada. She is in Class 8, Grade 1, too. She is eleven. Who's Linda? She is Jane's sister. Her name is Linda. She is six. What grade are Liu Wei and Jane in? | [
"They are in Class 8, Grade 1.",
"They are in the dame class.",
"I don't know.",
"They are not in the same class."
] | A. They are in Class 8, Grade 1. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_34552 | Mr. Kramer, the losing candidate in a two-candidate election, received 942,568 votes, which was exactly 45 percent of all votes cast. Approximately what percent of the remaining votes would he need to have received in order to have won at least 50 percent of all the votes cast? | [
"9%",
"12%",
"15%",
"17%",
"20%"
] | A. 9% | aquarat |
mmlu_train_94350 | What should a scientist do to help make sure the results of an experiment are unbiased? | [
"Keep the results a secret.",
"Do the math without a calculator.",
"Change all of the variables in the experiment.",
"Ask other scientists to attempt to reproduce the results."
] | D. Ask other scientists to attempt to reproduce the results. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_48629 | Can people change their skin colour without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson? Perhaps yes. Scientists have found the gene that determines skin colour. The gene comes in two versions, one of which is found in 99 per cent of Europeans. The other is found in 93 to 100 per cent of Africans, researchers at Pennsylvania State University report in the latest issue of Science. Scientists have changed the colour of a dark-striped zebra fish to uniform gold by inserting a version of the pigment gene into a young fish. As with humans, zebra fish skin colour is determined by pigment cells, which contain melanosomes . The number, size and darkness of melanosomes per pigment cell determines skin colour. It appears that, like the golden zebra fish, light-skinned Europeans also have a mutation in the gene for melanosome production. This results in less pigmented skin. However, Keith Cheng, leader of the research team, points out that the mutation is different in human and zebra fish genes. Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about 1.5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra-violet rays of the sun, which can cause skin cancer. But when modern humans leave Africa to live in northern latitudes, they need more sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin D. So the related gene changes, according to Cheng. Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans, so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin colours, said Cheng. The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer. It also could lead to research into ways to change skin colour without damaging it like chemical treatment done on Michael Jackson. Which of the following is NOT mentioned according to the passage? | [
"The version of the pigment gene of Asians and that of Africans are the same.",
"Scientists have succeeded in turning the colour of a dark-striped zebra fish into uniform gold.",
"Dark skin can protect bodies from utral-violet rays of the sun.",
"People like pop king Michael Jackson."
] | D. People like pop king Michael Jackson. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_50990 | A can contains a mixture of liquids A and B is the ratio 7:5. When 6 litres of mixture are drawn off and the can is filled with B, the ratio of A and B becomes 7:9. How many liter of liquid A was contained by the can initially? | [
"12",
"18",
"14",
"20",
"22"
] | C. 14 | aquarat |
arc_easy_85 | Which of these human activities most relies on high-quality soil? | [
"Hiking",
"Hunting",
"Coal mining",
"Growing crops"
] | D. Growing crops | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_98861 | a revolution is when something revolves around | [
"dancing",
"poetry",
"more physical matter",
"cupcakes"
] | C. more physical matter | mmlu_train |
aquarat_25969 | Rs. 9800 are invested partly in 9% stock at 75 and 10% stock at 80 to have equal amount of incomes. The investment in 9% stock is: | [
"334",
"500",
"265",
"197",
"121"
] | B. 500 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_17608 | Nowadays, the food we eat seems to have great effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, about 68 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue. What are nitrates used for? | [
"They preserve flavor in packaged foods.",
"They preserve the color of meats.",
"They are the objects of research.",
"They cause the animals to become fatter."
] | B. They preserve the color of meats. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_71647 | You should eat well, get lots of exercise if you want to be a healthy kid. If you're healthy, you can study well and can do all the things you want to do, like running around with your friends. If you're a kid who wants to be healthy, here are some rules for you. Eat different kinds of foods If you eat different kinds of foods, you can get the nutrients your body needs. Eat at least five servings of fruits and vegetables a day. Drink milk often Water is the best drink when you're thirsty. But kids need calcium to grow, and there is enough calcium in the milk. If you are younger than 9 years old, drink 2 cups of milk a day. Children who are over nine years old should drink 3 cups of milk per day. Limit screen time The more time you spend on the sitting-down activities, like basketball, bike riding, swimming and so on. Try to spend no more than 2 hours a day on the screen. Be active For a kid, you should know which activity you like best. Not everyone loves baseball or soccer. Ask your parents to help you do your favorite activities regularly. Find ways to be active every day. If you spend more time on computer games you will _ . | [
"be more active",
"have less time for sports",
"have more time for reading",
"do your favorite activities regularly"
] | B. have less time for sports | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_30134 | Most kinds of rose plants come from Asia. But roses are also native to other areas including northwest Africa, Europe and the United States. In 1986, Congress chose the rose as America's national flower. Technically, Congress and President Ronald Reagan declared it the "national floral emblem." Whatever the name, the decision did not smell sweet to supporters of others popular flowers. Some people say roses are difficult to grow. But you have a good chance of success if you start with a few suggestions from experts. You should plant your roses where they can get sunshine for about six hours on bright days. You can buy roses form a garden center or by mail order. You can buy potted roses, also known as container roses, or bare-root plants. Each kind has its fans. Some gardeners say potted roses are easier to plant. They say the roots develop better. But Jeffrey Dinslage, an expert, pint out that bare-root roses come without soil. So they weigh less to transport. Another expert advises getting bare-foot roses as close to planting time as you can. If they arrive before you are ready to plant them, make sure the packing material is moist. Keep the plants in a cool, dark place. The resting plants have no leaves but still need water. When growing roses, the soil should feel _ deep down. Watering should be done in the morning. But do not water too much. People often ask Jeffrey Dinslage about unhealthy discoloration on rose leaves. He says the spots are usually caused by too much water. After heavy rains or too much watering, he advises pulling away mulch, the substance used to protect the roots, temporarily from around the roots. This will help dry the soil. According to Jeffrey Dinslage, people should _ to avoid the spots on the rose leaves. | [
"not water roses in the morning",
"protect the roots of roses",
"improve the quality of the soil",
"not water roses very much"
] | D. not water roses very much | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_110 | The primary reason that plants are important for an ecosystem is because they | [
"provide energy for consumers.",
"depend on other organisms for shelter.",
"break down dead animal matter.",
"consume nutrients for energy."
] | A. provide energy for consumers. | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_95911 | When the acid spilled on the plant, the plant began to | [
"smoke.",
"sing",
"flower",
"grow"
] | A. smoke. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_12429 | How many numbers from 2 to 8 are exactly divisible by 2? | [
"A) 2",
"B) 4",
"C) 5",
"D) 7",
"E) 8"
] | B. B) 4 | aquarat |
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