id stringlengths 9 18 | question stringlengths 4 4.81k | choices listlengths 2 13 | full_answer stringlengths 4 180 | dataset stringclasses 5
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
aquarat_1721 | In an election between two candidates A and B, the number of valid votes received by A exceeds those received by B by 15% of the total number of votes polled. If 20% of the votes polled were invalid and a total of 9720 votes were polled, then how many valid votes did B get? | [
"1888",
"2999",
"3159",
"2777",
"2991"
] | C. 3159 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_80345 | One day, I had a bad toothache. I couldn't eat anything. So I went to see the dentist. " What's wrong with your teeth? " asked the dentist. " I have a toothache. " I told him. " Let me see your teeth ...... Um, there's a hole in one of the teeth. Do you eat a lot of sweet food? " The dentist asked me. " Yes, I do. I often eat ice cream, biscuits, chocolate and I often drink cola and milk with sugar, " I told him. " All these are bad for your teeth. You must eat less sweet food and brush your teeth at least twice every day. Now let me fill your bad tooth. " What was wrong with the write? | [
"She couldn't eat or sleep.",
"She had a toothache.",
"She couldn't eat any sweet food.",
"She had a headache."
] | B. She had a toothache. | mmlu_train |
arc_challenge_527 | Which of the following has the least momentum? | [
"a 0.5 kg mass with a 1000 m/s velocity",
"a 1 kg mass with a 100 m/s velocity",
"a 10 kg mass with an 11 m/s velocity",
"a 100 kg mass with a 2 m/s velocity"
] | B. a 1 kg mass with a 100 m/s velocity | arc_challenge |
aquarat_13883 | Father is aged three times more than his son Suresh. After 8 years, he would be two and a half times of Suresh's age. After further 8 years, how many times would he be of Suresh's age? | [
"2 times",
"2.",
"2",
"3 times",
"4 times"
] | A. 2 times | aquarat |
mmlu_train_37506 | Anne LaBastille was born in New York City and grew up in New Jersey. Her first experience with the wilderness was in the Adirondacks in the northeast of New York, where she worked at a summer resort to earn money for college tuition by caring for the horses, giving riding lessons, and working as a waitress. And she had many chances to begin her adventure in the Adirondack wilderness. Anne returned to school in the fall, but she continued to spend as much time as she could in the Adirondacks. She grew to love her time alone in the mountains. Anne graduated from college with a bachelor's degree in conservation of natural resources and began working for the National Audubon Society in Florida as a wildlife tour leader. Although Anne took great pleasure in showing people the animals living in the Florida Keys and the Everglades National Park, she longed for the mountains in the northern parts of New York. Finally she decided to build a cabin near Black Bear Lake. Over the years, however, more and more tourists began hiking near her cabin. As a result, Anne decided to build another cabin deeper in the woods at Lily Pad Lake. Anne lived in the woods for most of her life. She enjoyed living alone in the woods, and her life was far too busy for her to be lonely. When she was not writing books, she wrote articles for National Geographic, Reader's Digest, and other magazines. In her later years, Anne conducted research in Guatemala on an endangered bird called the grebe. She also lectured nationwide about ecology. Besides, Anne worked with a number of organizations dedicated to conservation. As a respected guide, author, and conservationist, Anne not only loved the land but also had found a way to become part of it. Anne's work at the summer resort _ . | [
"showed her love for long tours",
"helped her to explore the wilderness",
"earned her high admiration in college",
"gave her a chance to learn horse riding"
] | B. helped her to explore the wilderness | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1338 | When sugar is heated on a hot plate, it turns into a liquid. When the liquid sugar is cooled, a hard-crystalline substance is formed. This model best demonstrates the formation of | [
"molten rocks.",
"igneous rocks.",
"sedimentary rocks.",
"metamorphic rocks."
] | B. igneous rocks. | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_9892 | Mosquitoes have an extraordinary ability to target humans far away and fly straight to their unprotected skin. Regrettably,mosquitoes can do more than cause an itchy wound. Some mosquitoes spread several serious diseases,including Dengue,yellow fever and malaria. Over one million people worldwide die from these diseases each year. New research now shows how mosquitoes choose who to bite. Mosquitoes need blood to survive. They are attracted to human skin and breath. They smell the carbon dioxide gas,which all mammals breathe out. This gas is the main way for mosquitoes to know that a warm-blooded creature is nearby. But mosquitoes also use their eyes and sense of touch. Michael Dickinson is a professor at the California Institute of Technology. His research shows how these small insects,with even smaller brains,use three senses to find a blood meal. Michael Dickinson's team used plumes--a material that rises into the air of carbon dioxide gas into a wind tunnel. They then used cameras to record the mosquitoes. The insects followed the plume. Then,the scientists placed dark objects on the lighter colored floor and walls of the tunnel. Mr. Dickinson said,at first,the mosquitoes showed no interest in the objects at all. "What was quite striking and quite surprising is that the mosquitoes fly back and forth for hours. These are hungry females and they completely ignore the objects on the floor and wall of the tunnel. But the moment they get a hit of CO2,they change their behavior quite obviously and now would become attracted to these little visual blobs ." This suggested to the researchers that a mosquito's sense of smell is more important in the search for food. Once mosquitoes catch a smell of a human or animal,they also follow visual signals. What do mosquitoes mainly use to find their targets? | [
"Sense of smell.",
"Sense of touch.",
"Sense of sight.",
"Smart brains."
] | A. Sense of smell. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_28771 | Given a spinner with four sections of equal size labeled R, B, C, and D, what is the probability of NOT getting an R after spinning the spinner two times? | [
"15/16",
"9/16",
"1/2",
"1/4",
"1/8"
] | B. 9/16 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_94679 | Hookworms live inside the intestines of dogs. As the dog eats, the hookworms consume partially digested food. As a result of this nutrient diversion, the dog can become malnourished and weakened. Which best describes the relationship between the hookworms and the dog? | [
"a parasitic relationship",
"a mutualistic relationship",
"a predator-prey relationship",
"a producer-consumer relationship"
] | A. a parasitic relationship | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_44219 | Online Degrees Today, you can earn a degree from a major university without ever having sat in one of their classrooms. Many colleges and universities are offering online courses and degree programs now. Online Learning Programs With a computer and an Internet connection, you can earn a degree from home, work, or anywhere else for that matter. Online degree programs follow much the same routines as traditional learning, with a few twists. There are lectures, but they won't be in person. There are assignments , but you won't hand them to your instructor. In most situations, you are free to "go to class" when it fits your"schedule. If you get a phone call during class, you don't have to miss anything. If you get sick, you don't have to ask for someone's notes, and you just visit the lecture later. You'll communicate with your instructor by e-mail, chat room and instant messaging. Your classroom will live in a special software program. Contrary to popular belief, you will have close contact with other students and the instructor. Evaluating the Program There are a lot of questions to ask before you make your selection, such as: How do students interact with each other? Online programs can use chat rooms, instant messaging, teleconferencing, and video conferencing to communicate. The key is to find a program that has this interaction built into it and even requires it. What kind of reputation does the school have? It may seem simple-a good school will have a good online program. This reputation,however, may not be as straightforward as you think. It's not uncommon for a great school to have a weak program or two. So you'd better look at the overall quality of the school and make a judgment. The Employers' View As more and more employees get online degrees and use them in the workforce , hiring managers will begin to feel more secure about the quality of education these people have. In which way is online education special? | [
"If you get sick, you'll miss the lecture.",
"There are lectures, but you don't need to meet the lecturers.",
"If you get a phone call during class, you will miss something.",
"There are assignments, and you must hand them to your instructor."
] | B. There are lectures, but you don't need to meet the lecturers. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_47989 | Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital for Children (MGHfC) have invented a new term that describes dangers associated with cigarette smoke: third-hand smoke. Study results published in January, 2009 discuss how third-hand smoke is especially dangerous for children. Have you ever walked into a room that had the smell of cigarette smoke, regardless of the fact that a fan was moving the air and no one was smoking at the time? This is what researchers are calling third-hand smoke -- and it represents the poisonous deposits that are left behind long after a cigarette is put out. Cigarette smoke contains gases and small particles that are deposited on every surface it comes in contact with, for example, the smoker's hair and clothing, or the environment the cigarette was smoked in. It's dangerous for young children who may crawl on polluted surfaces. Third-hand smoke is a serious health risk for our kids, especially those who live in the homes of smokers. Jonathan Winickoff, lead author of the study, explains, "When you come into contact with your baby, even if you're not smoking at the time, he or she comes in contact with those poisons. And if you breast-feed, the poisons will transfer to your baby in your breast milk." Winickoff adds however, that nursing a baby if you're a smoker is still a better choice than bottle-feeding. Researchers involved in the study also surveyed more than 1,500 families in an effort to learn about adult attitudes regarding the danger third-hand smoke represents to their children and how that might affect smoking in the home. Approximately 95 percent of nonsmokers and 84 percent of smokers believe that secondhand smoke is dangerous for children. On the issue of whether third-hand smoke threatens the health of children, 65 percent of nonsmokers and 43 percent of smokers felt that third-hand smoke harms kids. When asked about rules regarding smoking in the home, approximately 88 percent of nonsmokers said they don't allow smoking, while only 27 percent of smokers forbid smoking in the home. However, both non-smokers and smokers who felt that third-hand smoking was harmful to children's health were more inclined to restrict smoking in their homes. The study led by Jonathan Winickoff focused on _ . | [
"bad influences long after a cigarette is smoked",
"third-hand smoke and secondhand smoke",
"the bad effects of smoking on common people",
"the terrible smell of cigarette smoke"
] | A. bad influences long after a cigarette is smoked | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_12951 | Any foreigner who has tried to learn Chinese can tell how hard it is to master the tones required to speak and understand.And anyone who has tried to learn to play the violin or other instruments can report similar challenges. Now researchers have found that people with musical training have an easier time learning Chinese.Writing in the online edition of Nature Nenroscieme, researchers from Northwestern University say that both skills draw on the same parts of the brain that help people discover changes in pitch . One of the study's authors, Nina Kraus, said the findings suggested that studying music "actually tunes our sensory system".This means that schools that want children to do well in languages should hesitate before cutting music programs.Dr.Kraus said.She said music training might also help children with language problems. Mandarin speakers have been shown to have a more complex encoding of pitch patterns in their brains than English speakers do.This is because in Mandarin and other Asian languages, pitch plays a central role.A single syllable word can have several meanings depending on how it is _ . For this study, the researchers looked at 20 non Chinese speaking volunteers, half with no musical background and half who have studied an instrument for at least six years. As they were shown a movie, the volunteers also heard an audio tape of the Mandarin word "mi" in three of its meanings: squint, bewilder and rice.The researchers recorded activities in their brain stems to see how well they were processing the sounds.Those with a music background showed much more brain activities in response to the Chinese sounds. The lead author of the study, Patrick C.M.Wong, said it might work both ways.It appear? That native speakers of tonal languages may do better at learning instruments. Why does Chinese learning have something to do with music training? | [
"Because there is the same difficulty in learning Chinese and music.",
"Because skills to learn the two make use of the same parts of the brain.",
"Because music training might help people with language study.",
"Because people who do well in Chinese study do well in music."
] | B. Because skills to learn the two make use of the same parts of the brain. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_3948 | When four fair dice are rolled simultaneously, in how many outcomes will at least one of the dice show 3? | [
"671",
"661",
"673",
"681",
"693"
] | A. 671 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_82718 | If you look at the sky one night and see something moving and shining that you have never seen before, it might be a comet . A comet sometimes looks like a star. Like a planet, a comet has no light of its own. It shines from the sunlight it reflects . Like the earth a comet goes around the sun, but on a much longer path than the earth travels. If a comet isn't a star, what is it then? Some scientists think that a large part of a comet is water frozen into pieces of ice and mixed with iron and rock dust and perhaps a few big pieces of rock. When sunshine melts the ice in the comet, great clouds of gas go trailing after it. These clouds, together with the dust, form a long tail. Many people have seen a comet. However, no one knows how many comets there are. There may be millions of comets, but only a few come close enough for us to see. An Englishman named Edmund Halley, who lived from 1656 to 1742, found out a lot about the paths that comets take through the sky. Some comets move out of our sight and never come back. Others keep coming back at regular times. A big comet that keeps coming back was named after Halley comet, because the last time it came close to the sun and the earth was in the year 1986. Then people all over the world were outside at night to look at it. You will probably be able to see Halley's comet when it comes near the earth again. ,A, B, C, D,. Many people. | [
"haven't seen any comets",
"have seen all comets",
"have seen a comet at daytime",
"have seen a comet"
] | D. have seen a comet | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_5169 | Looking back on China's road to outer space, people can easily find it has not been very smooth. In the past years, Chinese people have made hard and determined efforts to realize the dream their ancestors had for thousands of years. After China's first satellite into the Earth's orbit in 1970 came four flights of unmanned Shenzhou missions from 1999 to 2002. The country carried out its first one-piloted space flight in October, 2003, making China the third country in the world to have independent human spaceflight ability after the Soviet Union and the United States. Then came another breakthrough on October 12, 2005, when Shenzhou 6, China's second human spaceflight, was launched, with a crew of two astronauts. What's more, the landmark spacewalk done by Zhai Zhigang, one of the three boarding Shenzhou 7, launched on Sept. 25, 2008, leads the country further in its space exploration. Meanwhile, China's moon exploration project, started in 2004, has also been progressing satisfactorily. Fifty years after the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the world's first man-made satellite, China's first circumlunar satellite Chang'e 1 took off on Oct.24, 2007, which became another milestone in China's space achievements after the above-mentioned manned flights. Chang'e 1 was expected to fulfill four scientific goals, one of which was to probe mineral elements on the moon, especially those not existent on Earth. It's said that the lunar regolith is abundant in helium-3, a clean fuel that may support the Earth's energy demands for more than a century. Nearly 3 years later, Oct. 1, 2010 witnessed the blasting off of Chang'e 2, China's 2nd unmanned lunar probe, marking another step forward in moon exploration. This time the aim is to test the key techniques of Chang'e 3 and Chang'e 4, as a preparation for a soft lunar landing in the future. With great expectations, people all over the world are looking forward to China's greater space achievements. According to the text, which of the following is TRUE? | [
"China sent its first satellite into the Moon's orbit in 1970.",
"China is the third country in Asia to make human spaceflight.",
"China has blasted off 4 unmanned lunar probes.",
"The launching of Chang'e 1 became the third milestone in China's space achievements."
] | D. The launching of Chang'e 1 became the third milestone in China's space achievements. | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1331 | Which scale is used to report the intensity of an earthquake? | [
"Saffir-Simpson Scale",
"Modified Mercalli Scale",
"Richter Magnitude Scale",
"Moment Magnitude Scale"
] | B. Modified Mercalli Scale | arc_easy |
arc_challenge_813 | A city wants to build a dam nearby to increase water supplies. Which question is most important to ask about the environmental effects of building the dam? | [
"How long will it take to build?",
"How much concrete is needed?",
"How will the lake be used for recreation?",
"How will the dam affect fish populations?"
] | D. How will the dam affect fish populations? | arc_challenge |
aquarat_15945 | The length of the rectangular field is double its width. Inside the field there is square shaped pond 5m long. If the area of the pond is 1/8 of the area of the field. What is the length of the field? | [
"54",
"32",
"75",
"20",
"11"
] | D. 20 | aquarat |
aquarat_20243 | A company produces on an average 4000 items per month for the first 3 months. How many items it must produce on an average per month over the next 9 months, to average of 4375 items per month over the whole? | [
"4500",
"4600",
"4680",
"4710",
"None"
] | A. 4500 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_72462 | In our daily lives, Wechat is really hot now. Many people express themselves, exchange ideas and deliver information by Wechat. There are a number of reasons for Wechat to be popular. To begin with, Wechat is a cheap way of communication, which cuts down a great deal of the cost made by phone calls. Next, Wechat is to the taste of the most of people. Its attractive and lots of functions are loved widely. What's more, convenience also leads to its popularity. It is _ no matter where we are. However, it has problems, too. First of all, our IDs might be revealed when we use Wechat and we could be in danger. Secondly, we may spend more time on Wechat instead of with our family. As a result, relationship could break down. The last problem is that our attention might be drawn too much and sometimes we may find it difficult to focus on study. There is no doubt that Wechat will improve as time goes by. So let's look forward to the better Wechat and have more fun with it. Using Wechat could be dangerous because _ | [
"relationship could break down",
"IDs might be revealed",
"it`s difficult to focus on study",
"spending too much time on Wechat"
] | B. IDs might be revealed | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_2754 | A bird has just hatched from an egg. Which of the following stages most likely comes next in the life cycle of the bird? | [
"birth",
"death",
"growth",
"reproduction"
] | C. growth | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_92495 | Running a marathon Have you ever taken part in a marathon? A marathon is 42km long. It is the longest race in the world. To make the runner's body work, harder training is quite necessary. A runner should start to prepare for a marathon at least three months before. Preparation may have races, many hours of running at different speeds and changes in diet . During the training time the runner must eat a fit diet. The diet should have lots of things needed in training the players. In the early days of training, runners run 80km per week. The running is increased every two or three weeks and at least two long runs per week are needed. Two weeks before the marathon, the training programme becomes less, from 100km per week down to 60km and then to 30km in the final week. On the last two days they may not run at all. Breakfast should be eaten at least three hours before the race. Easily digested food such as cereal , toast and scrambled egg is best, with as much fluid as possible. Runners should drink water about half an hour before the race to keep up the body fluid. What is the length of the modern marathon? | [
"100km.",
"60km.",
"30km.",
"42km."
] | D. 42km. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_25593 | In a certain boys camp, 20% of the total boys are from school A and 30% of those study science. If there are 56 boys in the camp that are from school A but do not study science then what is the total number of boys in the camp? | [
"70",
"400",
"150",
"35",
"350"
] | B. 400 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_8527 | You might think I'd have little in common with a camel, but we do share one useful skill: both of us can go for a very long time without water. Usually I start my day with a cup of tea, and then I might have a glass of water with my lunch and one with dinner, that's about a liter of liquid in 24 hours. It feels like plenty, but apparently it's not nearly enough. After years of suffering headaches and poor digestion I spoke to a neurologist about my regular headaches and a nutritionist about my poor digestion, and both told me I should be drinking up to three liters of liquid a day for my body to function at its best. I decided to conduct an experiment. What would happen if I drank the recommended amount every day for a month? The photograph of me taken the day I started this trial demonstrates perfectly and rather frighteningly what a lack of hydration does to a face. I am 42, but have to admit I look more like 52 in this picture, which is shocking. There are dark shadows under and around my eyes, which make me look exhausted, a profusion of wrinkles and strange reddish blotches, and my skin lacks any luster . It looks dead. Even my lips look shriveled . This is all classic evidence of poor hydration, apparently. Every system and function in our body depends on water. It flushes toxins from the vital organs, carries nutrients to cells, provides a moist environment for ear, nose and throat tissues, and eliminates waste. Not drinking enough means all these functions becomes damaged. So I decided to see how I would look and feel if I drank three liters of water every day for 28 days. The results were astonishing. Why did the author decide to drink the recommended amount of water? | [
"Because she was very fond of doing experiments.",
"Because she was informed of the importance of drinking enough water.",
"Because her doctors forced her to do it.",
"Because she wanted to be cured of her stomachache."
] | C. Because her doctors forced her to do it. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_69472 | There are 55 students in my class. They come from different places, so they go to school in different ways. Twenty students go to school on foot because they live near the school. Ten students ride the bikes to school because they live not far from the school. Ten students go to school by bus because they live far from the school. Ten students go to school in their parents' car. The other five students go to school by boat, because there is a river between their houses and the school. Twenty students _ to school because they live near the school. | [
"walk",
"by bus",
"ride a bike",
"on foot"
] | A. walk | mmlu_train |
aquarat_5106 | A bonus of Rs.2800 is to be divided among 3 people such that Alex gets twice as much as David, who receives one-fourth as much as Peter. What amount did Peter get? | [
"1200",
"2000",
"1600",
"1500",
"2500"
] | C. 1600 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_37284 | Bears and humans often meet in National Parks. Although campers and hikers are warned not to feed the bears, many people ignore these warnings and feed the beasts anyway. When bears are used to people's food, problems soon arise. Bears like to eat a large variety of things, both meat and vegetable. Without human assistance, bears live nicely on roots, twigs, leaves of trees, insects and small animals. With people around, the bears' tastes quickly expand to include sandwiches, hot dogs, hamburgers, and anything else they can temp humans into giving up. Bears often develop clever strategies for getting people to let go their food supplies. More often than not, an unsuspecting hiker has taken off his or her pack for a rest only to have a bear charge out of the woods, grab the pack and quickly disappear into the underbrush with it. Hanging the pack on a tree branch won't help. Bears have been known to climb up, jump off, and catch the pack on the way down. One mother bear stretched up with her baby on her shoulders to reach a pack stored on a pole. Many bears threaten people into giving up their supplies. Although a bear is unlikely to attack a person and would probably run away if screamed at, few people are willing to do so. Most people drop the pack and run the other way. This, of course, delights the bear. In some places, the Park Service installed some metal barrels with lids to help campers keep their supplies safe from bears. Although the bears were unable to open these containers, the effort was less than successful. Most campers, unable to tell the metal drums from rubbish cans, never used them for the intended purpose. Feeding bears on people's food_. | [
"brings the people a lot of fun",
"can cause problems",
"often causes injuries and deaths",
"helps bears survive"
] | B. can cause problems | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1668 | The average temperature of the surface of Earth has increased approximately 1°C in the past century. Which reason best explains this increase in temperature? | [
"higher levels of oxygen in the atmosphere",
"lower levels of ozone in the atmosphere",
"higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere",
"lower levels of nitrogen in the atmosphere"
] | C. higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere | arc_easy |
aquarat_10623 | Of the c students at a certain college, x are studying French and y are studying German. If w are studying both French and German, which of the following expresses the number of students at the college not studying either French or German ? | [
"c + w- x- y",
"c - w- x- y",
"z- w - x + y",
"w + x + y- z",
"w - x - y - z"
] | A. c + w- x- y | aquarat |
aquarat_34574 | A boy rides his bicycle 20km at an average speed of 20km/hr and again travels 30km at an average speed of 10km/hr. His average speed for the entire trip is approximately? | [
"10.6km/hr",
"8.9km/hr",
"15.5km/hr",
"12.5km/hr",
"15km/hr"
] | D. 12.5km/hr | aquarat |
aquarat_25705 | The avearge score of a cricketer for ten matches is 38.9 runs. If the average for the first six matches is 42. Then find the average for the last four matches? | [
"33.25",
"33.5",
"34.25",
"35",
"none"
] | C. 34.25 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_51074 | Antidepressant drugs such as Prozac were viewed in the early 1900's as wonder pills that would remove depressive blues for good. But in the past five years, growing scientific evidence has shown these drugs work for only a minority of people. And now a research journal says that these antidepressants can make many patients' depression worse. This alarming suggestion centres on the very chemical that is targeted by antidepressants-serotonin . Drugs such as Prozac are known as selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors(or SSRIs). Their aim is to increase the level of this "feel-good" chemical in the brain. But the new research, published in the journal Frontiers In Evolutionary Psychology, points out that serotonin is like a chemical Swiss Army knife, performing a very wide range of jobs in the brain and body. And when we start changing serotonin levels purposely, it may cause a wide range of unwanted effects. These can include digestive problems and even early deaths in older people, according to the study's lead researcher Paul Andrews. " We need to be much more cautious about use of these drugs," says Andrews, an assistant professor of evolutionary psychology at McMaster University in Ontario, Canada. Previous research has suggested that the drugs provide little benefit for most people with mild depression, and actively help only a few of the most severely depressed. Famous psychologist Irving Kirsch has found that for many patients, SSRIs are no more effective than a placebo pill. A research in 2010 on Danish children found a small, but significant, increase in the risk of heart problems among babies whose mothers had used SSRIs in early pregnancy. The key to understanding these side-effects is serotonin, says Andrews. Serotonin is also the reason why patients can often end up feeling still more depressed after they have finished a course of SSRI drugs. He argues that SSRI antidepressants disturb the brain, leaving the patient an even greater depression than before. "After long use, when a patient stops taking SSRIs, the brain will lower its levels of serotonin production," he says, adding that it also changes the way receptors in the brain respond to serotonin, making the brain less sensitive to the chemical. These changes are believed to be temporary, but studies indicate that the effects may continue for up to two years. Most disturbingly of all, Andrews' review features three recent studies which, he says , show that elderly antidepressant users are more likely to die earlier than non-users, even after taking other important variables into account. One study, published in the British Medical Journal last year, found patients given SSRIs were more than 4 per cent more likely to die in the next year than those not on the drugs. "Serotonin is an ancient chemical," says Andrews. "It is regulating many different processes, and when you disturb these things, you can expect that it is going to cause some harm." Stafford Lightman, professor of medicine at the University of Bristol, and a leading UK expert in brain chemicals and hormones, says Andrews' review highlights some important problems, yet it should also be taken with a pinch of salt. "This report is doing the opposite of what drug companies do," he says. "Drug companies selectively present all the positives in their research, while this search selectively presents all the negatives that can be found. Nevertheless, Andrews' study is useful in that it is always worth pointing out that there is a downside to any medicine. " Professor Lightman adds that there is still a great deal we don't know about SSRIs-not least what they actually do in our brains. When it comes to understanding why the drugs work only for a limited part of patients, U.S. scientists think they might now have the answer. They think that in many depressed patients, it's not only the lack of feel-good serotonin causing their depression, but also a failure in the area of the brain that produces new cells throughout our lives. This area, the hippocampus, is also responsible for regulating mood and memory. Research suggests that in patients whose hippocampus has lost the ability to produce new cells, SSRIs do not bring any benefit. Which of the following is TRUE about SSRIs? | [
"They are used to increase the \"feel-good\" medical in the brain.",
"They can work even when the hippocampus can't produce new cells.",
"They create a risk of heart problems in pregnant women.",
"They are responsible for controlling mood and memory."
] | A. They are used to increase the "feel-good" medical in the brain. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_65146 | Researchers at Sweden's KTH Royal Institute of Technology say they have found further proof that the wolf ancestors of today's dogs can be from southern East Asia -- findings that are contrary to theories placing the birth place in the Middle East. Dr Peter Savolainen, KTH researcher in evolutionary genetics, says a new study released Nov. 23 confirms that an Asian region south of the Yangtze River was the principal and probably the only region where wolves were domesticated by humans. Research data show clearly that dogs are descended from wolves, but there's never been scientific agreement on where in the world the domestication process began. "Our analysis of Y-chromosomal DNA now confirms that wolves were first domesticated in Asia south of Yangtze River -- we call it the ASY region -- in southern China or Southeast Asia," Savolainen says. The Y data supports previous evidence from mitochondrial DNA. "Taken together, the two studies provide very strong evidence that dogs appeared first in the ASY region," Savolainen says. Archaeological data and a genetic study recently published in Nature suggest that dogs originate from the Middle East. But Savolainen rejects that view. "Because none of these studies included samples from the ASY region, evidence from ASY has been overlooked," he says. Peter Savolainen and PhD student Mattias Oskarsson worked with Chinese colleagues to analyse DNA from male dogs around the world. Their study was published in the scientific journal Heredity. Approximately half of the gene pool was universally shared everywhere in the world, while only the ASY region had the entire range of genetic diversity. "This shows that gene pools in all other regions of the world most probably originate from the ASY region," Savolainen says. "Our results confirm that Asia south of the Yangtze River was the most important -- and probably the only -- region for wolf domestication, and that a large number of wolves were domesticated," says Savolainen. In separate research published recently in Ecology and Evolution, Savolainen, PhD student Arman Ardalan and Iranian and Turkish scientists conducted a comprehensive study of mitochondrial DNA, with a particular focus on the Middle East. Because mitochondrial DNA is inherited only from the mother in most species, it is especially useful in studying evolutionary relationships. "Since other studies have indicated that wolves were domesticated in the Middle East, we wanted to be sure nothing had been missed. We find no signs whatsoever that dogs originated there," says Savolainen. In their studies, the researchers also found minor genetic contributions from crossbreeding between dogs and wolves in other geographic regions, including the Middle East. "This subsequent dog/wolf hybridisation contributed only modestly to the dog gene pool," Savolainen explains. We can learn from the passage that _ . | [
"there is a universal agreement on the place of first domestication",
"data from ASY may highlight where dogs came from",
"Dr. Savolainen's research mainly focuses on the Middle East",
"the dog/wolf hybridization makes up most of the dog gene pool"
] | B. data from ASY may highlight where dogs came from | mmlu_train |
aquarat_42502 | Ajith and Rana walk around a circular course 115 km in circumference, starting together from the same point. If they walk at speed of 4 and 5 kmph respectively, in the same direction, when will they meet ? | [
"after 20 hours",
"after 115 hours",
"after 115 minutes",
"after 20 minutes",
"after 30 minutes"
] | B. after 115 hours | aquarat |
mmlu_train_54412 | Almost every day, we discuss the topic of health, especially for kids. But what is health? "Health" means eating well, getting enough exercise, and having a healthy weight. Let's read the following rules. They can help you stay healthy. 1 Eat _ foods, especially fruit and vegetables. We all know that eating fruit and vegetables can help us stay healthy, but many of us only eat our favorite foods. Remember that we can only get the nutrition we need by eating different kinds of food, especially fruit and vegetables. 2 Drink water and milk most often. Everyone knows that water is important. Besides that, kids need plenty of calcium to grow strong bones, and milk has a lot of it. Every day, you should drink at least three cups of milk (1300 milligrams of calcium), when you are 9 years old or older. You should also try to have less sugary drinks, like soda and coca. They include a lot of sugar. Sugar just includes calories, not important nutrition. 3 Listen to your body. When you are eating, notice how your body feels. When your stomach feels comfortably full, stop eating. Eating too much makes you feel uncomfortable. If you do it too often, it can make you unhealthy and fat. 4 Limit screen time. What's screen time? It's the amount of time you spend watching TV, movies, and playing computer games. The more time you spend on these sitting-down activities, the less time you spend playing sports, like basketball, and doing other activities like bike riding and swimming. Try to spend no more than 2 hours a day on screen time. What's the main idea of the passage? | [
"How to eat healthily.",
"Eating and playing are both important.",
"Advice for staying healthy.",
"Health is very important."
] | C. Advice for staying healthy. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_49641 | If you are looking for an animal to take the title of "most violent fish in the sea", then the tiger puffer fish would have to be a strong contestant. Not only is it deadly poisonous --- though that doesn't stop people trying to eat it --- but it is also able to scare off enemies by inflating itself to become much larger than normal, when it is young it even chews on its own brothers and sisters. Tiger puffer fish attach their eggs to rocks near the bottom of the sea, often at the mouths of bays. Then the larvae move to the entries of rivers and lakes once they have grown a little. Then, having put on a lot of weight, they head out to sea. There's no innocent childhood for the puffer fish, as Shin Oikawa of Kyushu University in Japan and his colleagues found out when they put the larvae of tiger puffer fish in the lab and monitored them for two months. They found that the larvae went through three steps in which their metabolic rates increased dramatically when they reached body weights of 0.002g, 0.01g, and 0.1g. When a larva went through one of these steps, its behavior also changed. For instance, once a larva had passed the first level it would have grown its first tooth and could start attacking larvae that had not yet reached that stage. Similarly, any larva that had reached the 0.01g or 0.1g levels would start attacking lighter larvae. The researchers noted that the baby fish had a "relatively small mouth", so rather than swallowing their brothers and sisters whole, they would bite pieces out of them. Despite this limitation, the fish caused plenty of deaths --- up to 12 per cent of the deaths that happened in the lab each day. Those fish that grew fast enough to be able to chew on their fellows had an advantage. The extra food accelerated their growth and development. Tiger puffer fish are likely to be faster and swifter, so they can deal better with enemies. As the name suggests, puffer fish can inflate to make themselves seem much larger than they really are, thus scaring off enemies. They do this by filling their stomachs, which are extremely elastic , with water. If that's not enough of a threat, the tiger puffer fish --- like most of the other puffer fish in the family --- carries a deadly toxin . Eat one puffer fish and the poison will paralyze your muscles, including the muscles responsible for breathing, so death is usually caused by a lack of oxygen. Famously, the fish is a delicacy in Japan, where highly qualified chefs produce dishes that contain the safe level of the poison. Interestingly, the puffer fish does not go to the trouble of producing the poison itself. Instead, it hosts bacteria that produce the stuff. It obtains these bacteria from its diet, so the youngest adult fish are not poisonous. All of the following statements account for the violence of puffer fish except that _ . | [
"they are very difficult to catch",
"they can become larger to threaten enemies away",
"they kill their younger companions as they grow up",
"they are deadly poisonous"
] | A. they are very difficult to catch | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_39183 | Around the world coral reefs are facing threats brought by climate change and great changes in sea temperatures. While ocean warming has been the primary focus for scientists and ocean policy managers, cold events can also whiten corals. A new study by scientists compared damaged to corals exposed to heat as well as cold stress. The results show that cool temperatures can cause more damage in the short term, but heat is more destructive in the long run. Climate change is widely known to produce warming conditions in the oceans, but extreme cold-water events have become more frequent and serious as well. In 2010, for example, coral reefs around the world faced on of the coldest winters and one of the hottest summers on record. During a unique experiment, corals under cold temperatures suffered greater damage in just days compared with heat treated corals. Yet the researchers found that corals were eventually able to adjust to the cold conditions, make their health stable and continue to grow. However, over the long term corals subjected to heat suffered more greatly than those in cold, with evidence of severe whitening and growth stoppage, which leads to death. The coral's ability to adjust to cool temperatures surprised the researchers, who say the study's results show the complexities of monitoring coral health in response to different environmental factors . "Global warming is associated with increases but also decreases of temperatures," said Deheyn, one of the researchers. "Not much has been known about the comparative effects of temperature decrease on corals. These results are important because they show that corals react differently to temperature differences, which is important for future management of coral reefs in the field of climate change." Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? | [
"Corals are unable to adjust to temperature changes.",
"Cold temperature causes greater damage to corals.",
"Hot temperature helps coral reefs to grow quickly.",
"Heat and cold damage corals in their own ways."
] | D. Heat and cold damage corals in their own ways. | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_794 | What happens when oil is placed in water? | [
"Some oil sinks below the surface.",
"Oil droplets form in the water.",
"The oil and water mix together.",
"The oil floats on top of the water."
] | D. The oil floats on top of the water. | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_44395 | It's 2035. You have a job ,a family and you' re about 40 years old ! Welcome to your future life. Getting ready for work, you pause in front of the mirror. "Turn red," you say. Your shirt changes from sky blue to deep red. Tiny pre-programmed electronics are rearranged in your shirt to change its color1. Looking into the mirror, you find it hard to believe you're 40. You look much younger. With amazing advances in medicine, people in your generation may live to be 150 years old. You ' re not even middle-aged! As you go into the kitchen and prepare to pour your breakfast cereal into a bowl, you hear, "To lose weight, you shouldn't eat that," from your shoes. They read the tiny electronic code on the cereal box to find out the nutrition details. You decide to listen to your shoes. "Kitchen, what can I have for breakfast?" A list of possible food appears on the counter as the kitchen checks its food supplies. "Ready for your trip to space?" you ask your son and daughter. In 2005 only specially trained astronauts went into space -- and very few of them. Today anyone can go to space for day trips or longer vacations. Your best friend even works in space. Handing your children three strawberries each, you add, "The doctor said you need these for space travel." Thanks to medical advances, vaccination shots are a thing of the past. Ordinary foods contain specific vaccines. With the berries in their mouths, the kids head for the front door. It's time for you to go to work. Your car checks your fingerprints and unlocks the doors. " My office. Autopilot. "you command. Your car drives itself down the road and moves smoothly into traffic on the highway. You sit back and unroll your e-newspaper. The latest news downloads and fills the viewer. Looking through the pages, you watch the news as video film rather than read it. How is the text organized? | [
"In order of time.",
"In order of frequency.",
"In order of preference.",
"In order of importance."
] | A. In order of time. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_1675 | Read the article below and answer the question. Spiders have been around for over 400 million years. Early spiders mainly used their silk to construct a hiding place. Today, although many spiders-such as giant tarantulas, trap-door spiders, and some other species-still use their silk mainly for shelter, most build various types of aerial webs. The primary victims of the spider's web are insects-a lot of insects. A British researcher once calculated that local farmland was home to more than two million spiders per acre, and that insects eaten annually by spiders nationwide would outweigh the human population. In fact, the change from ground-based webs to vertical, aerial webs was a reaction to the rise of winged insects. The increase in spiders in so many places is mainly because of their ability to move. To travel, a spider goes to a high point, lets out enough silk to catch the wind, and floats away. The spider may travel many miles this way. This helps them distance themselves from other spiders competing for food and also aids them in spinning a web across a gap they would otherwise have trouble crossing. Spiders release silk from silk glands called spigots to weave their webs. Hundreds of these spigots cover the three pairs of spinnerets that most spiders have. This allows spiders to combine multiple strands of silk into single threads with characteristics that differ for different uses. Some spiders, like tarantulas, only make one type of silk, but others make silk to use for drag lines, web frames, egg cases, or to trap insects. The webs also help spiders hide from predators such as birds. Other animals also make use of the spider's web. A Hymenoepimecis wasp will attack a Plesiometa argyra spider and sting it. While the spider is paralyzed, the wasp deposits her egg on the spider's abdomen. The spider goes about its business, catching and eating prey, while the wasp larva feeds on the spider's blood. Source: National Geographic, August 2001, pp. 32-44 The spider's ability to spin silk is | [
"an acquired trait.",
"an inherited trait.",
"a life cycle stage.",
"a learned behavior."
] | B. an inherited trait. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_52252 | If it is 6:17 in the evening on a certain day, what time in the morning was it exactly 2,880,717 minutes earlier? (Assume standard time in one location.) | [
"6:22",
"6:24",
"6:27",
"6:20",
"6:32"
] | D. 6:20 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_53844 | NASA on Thursday announced the discovery of Kepler-452b, the most Earth-like planet ever found.Located 1,400 light-years from our planet, NASA called it "Earth 2.0", because it's the first planetdiscovered in the habitable zone of a G star similar to our sun."We can think of Kepler-452b as an older, bigger cousin to Earth, providing an opportunity to understand and reflect upon Earth's evolving environment," said Jon Jenkins, the Kepler data analysis lead at NASA's Ames Research Center. The planet is 5 percent farther away from its star than Earth is to the sun, making for a slightly longer year of 385 days, but gets similar light because its sun is 20 percent brighter than our own. "The sunshine from this star would feel very similar to the sunshine from our star," Jenkins told reporters. NASA believes the planet has a mass about five times more massive than Earth's, with a rocky surface below a thicker atmosphere than our own. Gravity would be about twice as strong on Kepler-452b as it is on Earth, NASA said. The planet is located in the Kepler-452 system in the constellation Cygnus . Its sun has the same surface temperature as our own, but has a diameter that is 10 percent larger. While NASA scientists have no idea if Kepler-452b's atmosphere is conducive to life, they do know that there has been plenty of time for organisms to develop. "It's awe-inspiring to consider this planet spent 6 billion years in the habitable zone of its star, which is longer the age of the Earth," Jenkins said. "That is considerable time and opportunity for life to arise somewhere on its surface or oceans if all the necessary conditions for life exist on this planet." The reason why NASA called Kepler-452b "Earth 2.0" is that _ . | [
"it is 5 percent farther away from its star than Earth is to the sun",
"it has a mass about five times more massive than Earth's",
"it's the first planet discovered in the habitable zone of a G star similar to our sun",
"it is longer the age of the Earth"
] | C. it's the first planet discovered in the habitable zone of a G star similar to our sun | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_24420 | Do You Want To Change the Future of Education? Our goal is to give a world-class education to everyone, everywhere, regardless of gender, income or social status. Today, edx.org, a not-for-profit website, provides hundreds of thousands of people from around the globe with access to free education .We offer amazing quality classes by the best professors from the best schools. We enable our members to find out a new passion that will transform their lives and their communities. Around the world from coast to coast, in over 192 countries, people are making the decision to take one or several of our courses. As we continue to grow our operations, we are looking for talented passionate people with great ideas to join the edX team. We aim to create an environment that is supportive ,diverse, and as fun as our brand.If you're hardworking and ready to contribute to an unparalleled member experience for our community, we really want you to apply. As part of the edX team, you'll receive: *Competitive compensation *Generous benefits package *Free lunch every day *A great workplace where everyone cares and wants to change the world While we appreciate every applicant's interest, only those under consideration will be contacted .We regret that phone calls will not be accepted. We promise that every applicant will be treated fairly. All positions are located in our Cambridge offices. What does edX mainly do? | [
"Providing free courses.",
"Studying people's learning habits.",
"Discovering people's new passion.",
"Researching the trend of education ."
] | A. Providing free courses. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_1308 | Which of the following is found in all living organisms? | [
"cell",
"organ",
"organ system",
"tissue"
] | A. cell | mmlu_train |
aquarat_30543 | A man can hit the target once in five shots. If he fires four shots in succession, what is the probability that he will hit the target? | [
"1",
"1/625",
"181/256",
"369/625",
"185/625"
] | D. 369/625 | aquarat |
aquarat_12947 | In an office, totally there are 6400 employees and 65% of the total employees are males. 25% of the males in the office are at-least 50 years old. Find the number of males aged below 50 years? | [
"2882",
"8277",
"3120",
"2777",
"9112"
] | C. 3120 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_83167 | Scientists tell us so much about the moon, it is quite easy to tell what it is like. It's certainly not a friendly place. As there is no air or water, there can be no life of any kind. Mile after mile there are only plains of dust with mountains around them above, the sun and the stars shine in the sky. If you _ the mountains' shadows it will mean moving from terrible cold into great heat. The moon is also a very silent world, for sound waves can only travel through air. But from the moon, you can see a friendly sight. Our earth is shining more brightly than the other stars. It looks like a very large ball, coloured blue and green and brown. Temperature on the Moon _ . | [
"is usually the same",
"is always very low",
"can be very different",
"is usually very high"
] | C. can be very different | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_8682 | Welcome to the future. It's year 2050 and Scotland is now powered completely by"clean"energy. Homes have entire roofs made of solar materials, rooms are kept warm by wallpaper, and people go to and from work in electric and hydrogen( ) cars. Oil is still being found in the North Sea, but it's not now only used to keep aircraft flying. And a new 500---mile underwater link with Iceland has been built to catch heat from the hot springs. There's still a role for king coal--but _ are now environment---friendly. People will be able to import the electricity they need and export any excess they make through rooftop windmills . New technology will store electricity better and provide it on demand. Heat exchangers will provide heating and hot water. Harmful carbon dioxide waste is being piped offshore to St Fergus and from there into some of the remaining oil--producing fields to be stored safely without entering the atmosphere. Gas remains the preferred energy source of industry and is now shipped in liquid form. But hydrogen is imported through pipelines from France and from a geothermal plant in Iceland. Hydrogen--fuelled cars have become popular. Electric bikes are common in cities using the new urban two--wheel network. Electric vehicles have become common, and their performances have been improved because of the developments in electrical drive technology like high--temperature super conducting motors. Many people leave their vehicles in a giant park where they can be recharged from the national electrical system . Oilseed rape is widely grown to fuel some motors . Which sources of energy play a more important role in people's daily life in the future ? | [
"Oil and coal",
"Hydrogen and gas",
"Electricity and gas",
"Solar energy and wind"
] | D. Solar energy and wind | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_37160 | One of the tough things about being a high school student is that you never seem to get enough sleep at night, which often leaves you nodding off during classes. "The best amount of sleep to get is about seven and a half to eight hours," Peter Venn at Queen Victoria Hospital, UK, told The Telegraph. Spending either less than six or more than nine hours in sleeping puts your health at risk. A popular solution to a lack of sleep at night is to take a "power nap" during the day, but does this work? Generally speaking, it can be beneficial. Research shows that a nap in the middle of the day --even a brief one as short as five or 10 minutes ---can clear your mind and leave you with increased energy and improved productivity , according to Forbes. However, as refreshing as it might be, if you are getting adequate sleep at night, taking a power nap isn't such a wise choice. The reason is that sleeping during the day can interfere with your body's biorhythms . The brain gets used to going to bed at roughly the same time each night and getting up at the same time each day, and you don't want to disturb this routine. One more thing to keep in mind is that a power nap should never be used as a replacement for a good night's sleep. "Twenty minutes of power nap during the day is not like a tablet which will definitely work," Rahul Mukherjee, an Indian sleep specialist, told The Telegraph. "An hour's sleep before midnight is worth a couple of hours' sleep after midnight." Why can taking a power nap in the middle of the day be beneficial? | [
"Because it refreshes people and thus improves their productivity.",
"Because it is good for our body's biorhythms.",
"Because it takes little time but always works well.",
"Because it can be used as a replacement for a good night's sleep."
] | A. Because it refreshes people and thus improves their productivity. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_82796 | Helen and Betty are very good friends. They are in the same class at school. Now they are eight years old. Helen's mother has a new baby. Helen is very happy to have a little sister, so she always talks about her to Betty. At first Betty is very interested in the new baby. But after some time she begins to get unhappy because Helen doesn't stop talking about it. One morning, the two girls meet in the library, and Helen says to Betty happily, "Do you know, Betty, my baby sister puts on about half a pound this week." "That is not much," says Betty. "I know a baby that puts on ten pounds a day." "Oh, that can't be true?" says Helen with a laugh . "Whose baby is it?" "An elephant's," says Betty. How much does the baby put on this week? | [
"About 0.5 pound",
"One pound",
"One and a half pounds",
"About 2 pounds"
] | A. About 0.5 pound | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1763 | A complete fossil has been found of a type of bird that cannot be identified. What can most likely be determined about the bird from the fossil? | [
"The bird lived for a very short time.",
"The bird lived in a dry environment.",
"The bird existed at one time but is now extinct.",
"The bird was not well preserved during the process of fossilization."
] | C. The bird existed at one time but is now extinct. | arc_easy |
aquarat_19738 | The length of rectangle is thrice its breadth and its perimeter is 40 m, find the area of the rectangle? | [
"432",
"212",
"75",
"992",
"212"
] | C. 75 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_93208 | Nonrenewable sources of energy have limited supplies. Researchers are developing devices that will make renewable energy more available. Which is a source of renewable energy? | [
"coal",
"gasoline",
"oil",
"wind"
] | D. wind | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1850 | Before it rains water must collect in | [
"clouds.",
"snow.",
"sleet.",
"fog."
] | A. clouds. | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_35273 | China's largest search engine Baidu has said it will make its latest artificial intelligence (AI) technology accessible to developers and businesses as part of the company's latest move into AI, big data and cloud computing. AI solution "Tianzhi" was launched at a cloud-computing summit held in Beijing Wednesday. It includes services in three fields: sensing technology, such as image and voice processing, machine learning, and deep learning, an advanced form of machine learning, said Zhang Yaqin, CEO of the Nasdaq-listed company, at the summit. Developers can access facial or voice recognition, algorithms for data analysis and projections, and deep learning applications, Zhang said, adding that the technology could help users innovate in their sectors. "With more devices connected to the cloud, enterprises will use cloud computing and AI more frequently," said Wu Hequan, an academician at the Chinese Academy of Engineering, " _ " The company also revealed a plan to invest 10 billion yuan (1.45 billion U.S. dollars) in cloud computing in the next five years and establish an innovation center, which will serve 10 million enterprises. Tianzhi includes services in the following fields EXCEPT _ . | [
"sensing technology",
"voice processing",
"machine learning",
"deep learning"
] | B. voice processing | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_30351 | On october5,2011,around 3:00p.m., Steven P.Jobs,the co-founder of Apple, died at his home in Palo Alto, California, aged 56, six weeks after resigning as CEO of Apple. The death was announced by company that Mr.Jobs and his high school friend Stephen Wozniak started in 1976 in a suburban California garage. Jobs was born in San Francisco and adopted at birth by Paul Jobs and Clara Jobs. Paul Jobs taught his son basic electronics and how to work his hands. Asked in a 1995 interview what he wanted to pass on to his children, Jobs replied,"Just to try to be as good a father to them as my father was to me." Following high school graduation in 1972, Jobs was admitted to Reed College in Portland, Oregon. Although he dropped out after only one semester, he continued taking classes at Reed, sleeping on the floor in friend' rooms, returning Coke bottles for food money, and getting weekly free meals at the local temple. In the late 1970s, they designed, developed, and marketed one of the first commercially successful personal computers. The Apple II series. In 1985, after losing a power struggle, Jobs left Apple and founded NeXT, a computer platform development company specializing in the higher-education and business markets. In 1986, he put money in and produced Toy Story (1995), making Jobs Disney's largest shareholder at seventy percent. Apple's 1996 buyout of NeXT brought Jobs back to the company. He became a permanent CEO from 2000, developing the iPod,iPhone and iPad products.From 2003,he fought an eight-year battle with cancer.He received a liver transplant in 2009.And he took three medical leaves of absence before stepping down in August and turning over the power to Cook. Jobs married Laurene Powell on March l8,1991,and the couple had a son and two daughters. According to the passage,the statements are TRUE except _ . | [
"Steve P.Jobs greatly appreciates his adoptive parents' love.",
"Steve P. Jobs was once unemployed by the company he cofounded.",
"With the help of his parents,he finished his college successfully.",
"He did change the world by his hard work and his intelligence."
] | C. With the help of his parents,he finished his college successfully. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_24253 | If a two-digit positive integer has its digits reversed, the resulting integer differs from the original by 18. By how much do the two digits differ? | [
"2",
"4",
"5",
"6",
"7"
] | A. 2 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_58492 | Classical philosophers called humans "the rational animal". Clearly, they never looked closely at ants. A new study suggests that ant colonies avoid irrational decisions that people and other animals often make. Consider the following scenario: You want to buy a house with a big kitchen and a big yard, but there are only two homes on the market---one with a big kitchen and a small yard and the other with a small kitchen and a big yard. Studies show you'd be about 50% likely to choose either house---and either one would be a rational choice. But now, a new home comes on the market, this one with a large kitchen and no yard. This time, studies show, you'll make an irrational decision: Even though nothing has changed with the first two houses, you'll now favor the house with the big kitchen and small yard over the one with the small kitchen and big yard. Overall, scientists have found, people and other animals will often change their original preferences when presented with a third choice. Not so with ants. These insects also shop for homes but not quite in the way that humans do. Solitary worker ants spread out, looking for two main features: a small entrance and a dark inside. If an ant finds an outstanding hole---such as the inside of an acorn or a rock crevice---it brings another worker ant to check it out. As more ants like the site, the number of workers in the new hole grows. Once the crowd reaches a critical mass, the ants race back to the old nest and start carrying the queen and larvae to move the entire colony. To test ant rationality, Stephen Pratt, a behavioral ecologist at Arizona State University in Tempe, and a colleague designed a series of possible nests for 26 ant colonies. The duo cut rectangular holes in balsa wood and covered them with glass microscope slides. The researchers then drilled holes of various sizes into the glass slides and slipped plastic light filters under the glass to vary the features ants care about most. At first, the colonies only had two options, A and B. A was dark but had a large opening, whereas B was bright with a small opening. As with humans, the ants preferred both options equally: The researchers found no difference between the number of colonies that picked A versus B. Then the scientists added a third option, called a decoy , that was similar to either A or B in one characteristic but clearly worse than both in the other (a very bright nest with a small opening, for example). Unlike humans, the ants were not tricked by the decoy, the team reports online today in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B. Although a few colonies picked the third nest, the other colonies did not start favoring A or B and still split evenly between the two. Pratt speculates that ant colonies avoid making the irrational decision because, unlike humans, each ant doesn't evaluate all options before making a choice. When the scouts find a nest, they're unaware of what else is out there, and either they pick the nest or they don't. "The group may do better precisely because the individuals are ignorant," Pratt says. Melissa Bateson, an ethnologist at Newcastle University in the United Kingdom, believes the findings could have "really interesting implications for the benefits of collective decision-making, which we could learn something from." Many grant-review boards, for example, behave like ants: Reviewers see only a subset of the total grant applications and thus have to make a decision without seeing every option. The best title for the passage would be _ . | [
"Can't Decide? Ask an Ant",
"Better Choice, Better Life",
"Man, Be Rational",
"Who lies? Philosophers or Scientists"
] | A. Can't Decide? Ask an Ant | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_68716 | The rapid growth of Smartphones and electronic tablets is making the Internet favourite for Americans reading news, a report said. News consumption online increased 17% last year from the year before. Television news, newspapers, radio and magazines all lost audience last year. For the first time, the number of people who get news online at least three times a week is larger than the number of people who get news from the newspapers. TV news has been the most popular since the 1960s. It has replaced the afternoon newspapers. But now the online news seems to be more popular than the TV news. People are used to having the Internet available on phones or small tablets. In December, 2010, 41% of Americans said they got most of their news on the Internet, more than double the 17% who said that a year earlier, the report said. In January, 2011, 7% of Americans owned electronic tablets, nearly double what it was three months earlier. It was the fastest-growing new digital technology, ahead of mobile phones when they were introduced. The online ad income was expected to surpass print newspaper ad income for the first time in 2010. The news business used to be the intermediary . You needed newspapers and TV stations to reach your customers. In this age of the computer, it's the software developers that you need. The news business depends on _ today. | [
"the reporters",
"the readers",
"the newspaper sellers",
"the software developers"
] | D. the software developers | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_97762 | Cake tastes sweet because of | [
"sweet and low",
"sucrose",
"flour",
"honey"
] | B. sucrose | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_46041 | James Proud, a British businessman who settled in San Francisco launched a Twitter campaign called "Stop DST". Daylight Saving Time (DST) refers to the time during the summer when clocks are one hour ahead of standard time. "Daylight saving was created to save energy, and it doesn't really do that." Proud said, "but what's even worse are its negative health effects. It's both outdated and harmful." daylight saving has been linked to a surprising number of health issues such as heart attacks, but Proud has a particular interest in the topic because of its disruptive effects on sleep. Last year, German researchers suggested that our body cocks never really adjust t daylight saving, which causes a host of health problems. Till Roenneberg of Ludwig-Maximillians University said that because of DST, "the majority of the population has severely decreased productivity, decreased quality of life, increasing chance of getting illness, and is just plain tired." The week after daylight saving also witnesses a sudden increase in fatal traffic accidents, according to the University of Colorado. It is believed that this is caused both by disrupted sleep schedules and the shift of daylight hours from the morning to the evening. "Daylight saving is an economic tradition. And all economic choices involve achieving a balance. " said behavioral economist David Gerard. "Even if we decide to abolish daylight saving, there would be a large number of unhappy people." Some such people are shift works, students and parents of schoolchildren, all of whom get to enjoy an extra hour of daylight after work or class with DST. Plus, restaurants love the extra evening sales DST allows. Daylight saving has also been linked to lower crime rates, due to the "deterrent effect" of longer daylight. Basically, more light increase a criminal's chances of being seen by witnesses or police, which discourages criminal activity. Gerard also point out that an extra hour of daylight has vastly more influence in the American South, where the sun sets earlier, even in the summer, than in the north. That's why residents of southern states may values DST more. What causes Proud's greatest concern? | [
"DST not keeping up with economic development",
"DST resulting in disorder in people's sleep schedule",
"DST stopping people from working productively.",
"DST not helping to save energy any more"
] | B. DST resulting in disorder in people's sleep schedule | mmlu_train |
aquarat_16894 | Which of the following has fractions in ascending order? | [
"2⁄5, 3⁄5, 1⁄3, 4⁄7, 5⁄6, 6⁄7",
"1⁄3, 2⁄5, 3⁄5, 5⁄6, 4⁄7, 6⁄7",
"1⁄3, 2⁄5, 3⁄5, 4⁄7, 5⁄6, 6⁄7",
"1⁄3, 2⁄5, 4⁄7, 3⁄5, 5⁄6, 6⁄7",
"None of these"
] | D. 1⁄3, 2⁄5, 4⁄7, 3⁄5, 5⁄6, 6⁄7 | aquarat |
aquarat_15275 | If x is divisible by 3 and 4, which of the following must divide evenly into x?
I. 2
II. 38
III. 41 | [
"I only",
"I and II",
"II and III",
"II only",
"I, II, and III"
] | A. I only | aquarat |
mmlu_train_79505 | If someone asks you, "What do you usually do with your QQ?'' You may say, "I just chat ." Niu Lianzhong teaches PE in a middle school and he sets up a QQ group. However, his purpose is not to chat or show himself. He doesn't want to do anything for fun, either. He just wants more people to know the QQ group. He hopes to help others and now he saves more than 400 people's lives. We all know there are four blood types-A, B, AB, and O. But in fact, a few people's blood types are very special . Niu is just one of them. Since he sets up his QQ group, more than 100 special-blooded people in China join in it. Now, when a patient or a hospital needs some special blood, they just call Niu for help. And Niu contacts his members of the QQ group quickly. Till now, he has donated his blood for about 20 times. Niu hopes that more people will join his group to help others. Why does he set up the QQ group? | [
"To chat.",
"To make friends.",
"To help others.",
"To show himself."
] | C. To help others. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_93356 | Which involves the greatest variety of cell types? | [
"a tissue",
"an organ",
"an organ system",
"an organism"
] | D. an organism | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_2733 | Suppose a new fuel for cars is derived from coal. Cars can go twice as far on a tankful of the new fuel as they can on the same amount of gasoline. How would you categorize the new fuel? | [
"It is a renewable fossil fuel.",
"It is a nonrenewable fossil fuel.",
"It is a renewable biomass fuel.",
"It is a nonrenewable biomass fuel."
] | B. It is a nonrenewable fossil fuel. | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1493 | Which gas makes up the greatest percentage of Earth's atmosphere? | [
"argon",
"nitrogen",
"nitrous oxide",
"carbon dioxide"
] | B. nitrogen | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_88172 | In America, most people don't get enough sleep. Children aged 5 to 12 are advised to sleep 10 to 11 hours every night, but most of them can't sleep that long. A study found that about 41 million American workers got less than six hours of sleep every night. Scientists worry that parents are passing their bad sleeping habits down to their children. In the study, Reut Gruber and some other scientists either added or reduced on hour of sleep for healthy children aged 7 to 11. They watched the children for five nights. They wanted to know if the amount of sleep can affect a child's behavior. Before the study began, students were asked to sleep the same amount of hours as usual. Their teachers were asked to record their behavior. After five nights of the records, scientists found that those who slept one hour less behaved worse than those who slept one hour more. Students with less sleep were more likely to feel sad and had more problems paying attention. The scientists chose to study children in their homes instead of in a laboratory, because they wanted to find out how everyday changes might affect children's behavior at school. "In the study, nobody became a talent, and nobody became crazy. But small changes in children can really make a big difference," says Gruber. According to the new study, children with less sleep _ . | [
"were more likely to feel excited",
"were more active in playing games",
"had more problems paying attention",
"didn't want to answer questions in class"
] | C. had more problems paying attention | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_9808 | If you don't want people to know too much about you, then you had better keep your fridge contents secret, according to a British market research document released last week. Researchers peered into the fridges of 400 people in Britain and compared the contents with the owners' lifestyles. They claim to be able to classify the nation's people by fridge contents. They say those people can be separated into five categories:nutrition nerds (no social sense), food faddiest (whatever's in style), martyr mums, fast food fanatics and restaurant regulars. Nutrition nerds care much about what they put into their bodies. Their fridges are stocked with fruit, vegetables and healthy meat. People in this category tend to be highly organized and usually work in law or accountancy. The vast majority is single, but if they have a partner, that person will be similar. A fridge full of vitamins -- enriched juices implies its owner works in media or fashion. They tend not to eat the foods they buy. Known as the food faddiest, they just want to be seen as purchasing the latest important things. A fridge filled with everything from steak to frozen fish suggests the martyr mum. Her fridge tends to be stocked with every kind of product, except what she herself would want. This fridge hints at difficulty balancing family and work life. Fast food fanatics always buy mineral water or soda pop. The nearest they will get to fresh fruit is tomato sauce. Their fridges hint at someone who works hard and plays hard, also, someone who is not into long term planning. Finally, a fridge filled with nothing more than a bottle of white wine and some sparkling mineral water implies an owner who is single, lives in a big city and enjoys the finer things in life. The fridge is empty because this person regularly eats in restaurants. According to the passage, people who belong to food faddiest _ . | [
"don't care much about money when buying things",
"will try their best to stay healthy",
"often stay up late to finish their job",
"prefer to ask others about what to do next"
] | A. don't care much about money when buying things | mmlu_train |
aquarat_42022 | The captain of a cricket team of 11 members is 26 years old and the wicket keeper is 3 years older. If the ages of these two are excluded, the average age of the remaining players is one year less than the average age of the whole team. What is the average age of the team? | [
"20 years",
"21 years",
"22 years",
"23 years",
"24 years"
] | D. 23 years | aquarat |
aquarat_27701 | If the product of all the factors of a positive integer, N, is 2 ^ 18 * 3 ^ 12, how many values can N take? | [
"None",
"1",
"2",
"3",
"4"
] | B. 1 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_73685 | My parents taught me not to waste food. My mum always found ways to make leftovers taste good. I went to YiLan to learn about some of their special food. As I was there, I learned about the food and the history of the area. I learned that they don't waste food, either, and they use leftovers! Many years ago, there was not enough food for everyone. People learned to cook and eat almost everything. They had to think of ways to make special dishes. One of these dishes is kao zha.It made with leftovers like meat, soup, oil and fat. That might not sound very good, but it does taste good. Today, kao zha is a special dish at big banquets . Another famous dish is called zao bing. It's made with fruit, meat and other things. I really liked it! But I didn't want to eat too much. It has a lot of fat in it. I smelled something burning and I saw smoke, so I found another special food of the YiLan area duck meat. The duck meat is put in a big oven to cook it. Smoke keeps the meat fresh. I don't usually eat meat, but this duck meat was delicious! It tasted sweet. YiLan is a great place with delicious food. I hope I can come back again! She finds that people in YiLan _ . | [
"alwayswastefood",
"don'tuseleftovers",
"don'thaveenoughfood",
"cancookspecialfood"
] | D. cancookspecialfood | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_32248 | Caffeine not only gives us a daily jump start, but new research suggests it also can strengthen long-term memory. According to the US Food and Drug Administration, nearly 90 percent of people worldwide consume about 200 milligrams of caffeine each day. That' s equivalent to about one strong cup of coffee a day. Writing in " Nature Neuroscience" , Johns Hopkins University researchers say their findings show that caffeine strengthens certain memories for up t0 24 hours after being taken in. " We've always known that caffeine has cognitive-enhancing effects , but its ,particular effects on strengthening memories and making them resistant to forgetting has never been examined in detail in humans, " said senior author of the paper Michael Yassa. " We re- port for the first time a specific effect of caffeine on reducing forgetting over 24 hours. " Conducting a double-blind trial, the researchers worked with a test group of people who didn't regularly consume caffeinated products. Five minutes after studying a series of images, the test subjects were given either a placebo or a 200-milligram caffeine tablet. To check the caffeine levels of their test subjects, the research team took saliva samples from them before they took their tablets and again one, three and 24 hours after- wards. Both groups of test participants ( those who took the placebo and those who took the caffeine tablet) were tested the following day to see if they could recognize the images they' d seen the previous day. The test included showing the test subjects another series of images that included some new images , those that were shown the previous day, as well as other images that were similar, but not the same as those they had viewed earlier. The researchers found that more members of the group who were given the caffeine tablets were able to correctly identify some of the new images as " similar" to previously viewed images rather than incorrectly identifying them as the same. "We also know that caffeine is associated with health and longevity and may havesome protective effects from cognitive decline like Alzheimer' s disease . " said Yassa. The purpose of the new research is | [
"to survey how much caffeine people consume a day",
"to write the paper \" Nature Neuroscience\"",
"to prove caffeine has cognitive-enhancing effects",
"to examine caffeine ' s memory-strengthening effects in detail"
] | D. to examine caffeine ' s memory-strengthening effects in detail | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_591 | Runoff from farms that use fertilizers is entering a small lake. This will most directly affect the lake by causing | [
"the lake to dry up.",
"algae to grow in the lake.",
"the lake to become deeper.",
"water in the lake to become solid."
] | B. algae to grow in the lake. | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_94829 | The surface gravity of Pluto is the weakest of the nine planets because Pluto | [
"has the lowest temperature.",
"has the smallest mass.",
"rotates the slowest.",
"is farthest from the Sun."
] | B. has the smallest mass. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_18315 | When 52416 is divided by 312, the quotient is 168. what will be the quotient when 52.416 is divided by 0.68? | [
"5",
"6",
"4",
"3",
"8"
] | D. 3 | aquarat |
arc_easy_748 | When two nuclei are combined into one nucleus, there is a slight change in mass and the release of a large amount of energy. What is this process called? | [
"conversion",
"reaction",
"fission",
"fusion"
] | D. fusion | arc_easy |
arc_challenge_498 | A company is creating an advertisement for its custom-made guitars. Which of the following statements should be in the advertisement to best emphasize the company's custom production processes? | [
"Our guitars are made using hand tools.",
"We make our guitars to your specifications.",
"We produce and sell thousands of guitars each year.",
"Our guitars are the best quality your money can buy."
] | B. We make our guitars to your specifications. | arc_challenge |
m1_pref_45 | For the number of times the apriori algorithm and the FPgrowth algorithm for association rule mining are scanning the transaction database the following is true | [
"fpgrowth has always strictly fewer scans than apriori",
"fpgrowth and apriori can have the same number of scans",
"apriori cannot have fewer scans than fpgrowth",
"all three above statements are false"
] | B. fpgrowth and apriori can have the same number of scans | m1_pref |
mmlu_train_2115 | Lighting a match and baking a cake are two actions that involve chemical changes. Why are these actions considered chemical changes? | [
"They change the state of matter.",
"They create new substances.",
"They change volume.",
"They create energy."
] | B. They create new substances. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_4786 | Tough and Tricky questions: Distance/Rate.
On a reconnaissance mission, a state-of-the-art nuclear powered submarine traveled 500 miles to reposition itself in the proximity of an aircraft carrier. This journey would have taken 2.5 hour less if the submarine had traveled 10 miles per hour faster. What was the average speed, in miles per hour, for the actual journey? | [
"40",
"30",
"60",
"80",
"100"
] | A. 40 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_42592 | No one likes germs.You wash your hands often and avoid sick people.But some of the germiest places are in your own home where you can't avoid them! Over 77,500 bacteria per square centimeter can live in your kitchen sink drain.More bacteria live in and around the sink itself.To get rid of them,clean the entire sink area with a _ . Those wet clothes from your washer are not all that clean,especially if they include underwear.Use hot water and bleach to wash underwear as it contains E.colin .Put wet laundry in the dryer quickly so the bacteria do not multiply. The germs you wash off your body stay in the tub-about 15.500 bacteria per square centimeter! Use a disinfectant to clean your tub weekly.And dry the tub with a clean towel so more germs won't grow on the wet surface. You'll find plenty of germs outside your home too. Lots of germs live on the buttons of your local ATM.According to www.health.corn,Chinese researchers tested 38 ATMs in downtown Taipei.They found that each button hosted an average of 1,200 germs.Use a hand sanitizer after using the ATM and after handling paper money too. The bottoms of women's purses house tens of thousands if not millions of bacteria.University of Arizona researchers discovered all kinds of different bacteria on purse bottoms.These included E.coli as well as bacteria that cause eye and skin infections.Women should wipe their purses every few days with a mild soap solution. All kinds of germs live on shopping cart shopping cart handles.Lots of people touch the handles each day----and who knows where their hands have been! Carry disinfectant wipes and use them on the handles.That will kill nearly a11 germs. Which of the following statement is NOT true according to the passage? | [
"Some of the germiest places are outside your home.",
"Use a disinfectant to clean your bathtub weekly.",
"Use a hand sanitizer after using an ATM or handling paper money.",
"Thousands of not millions of bacteria live on the bottoms of women's purses."
] | A. Some of the germiest places are outside your home. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_52521 | A person buys an article at Rs.480. At what price should he sell the article so as to make a profit of 24%? | [
"595",
"882",
"772",
"662",
"521"
] | A. 595 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_1935 | Which has the greatest effect on the color of a young eagle's eyes? | [
"parents",
"nest",
"diet",
"behavior"
] | A. parents | mmlu_train |
aquarat_1052 | (?)+3699+1985-2047=31111 | [
"34748",
"27474",
"30154",
"27574",
"None of them"
] | B. 27474 | aquarat |
arc_challenge_926 | Which factor most accurately describes the statement "Survival of the fittest" in relation to natural selection? | [
"the mutation rate",
"the ability of offspring to reproduce",
"the amount of food an organism obtains",
"the ability to withstand environmental extremes"
] | B. the ability of offspring to reproduce | arc_challenge |
mmlu_train_29836 | 1.2 million road deaths worldwide occur each year, plus a further 50 million injuries. Toreduce car crash rate, much research now is focused on safety and new fuelsthough some electric vehicle and biofuel research aims at going faster. Traveling at speed has always been risky. One cutting edge area of research in motoring safety is the use of digital in-car assistants. They can ensure you don't miss key road signs or fall asleep. The use of artificial intelligence software allows these assistants to monitor your driving and makes sure your phone or radio doesn't distract you at a vital moment. Most crashes result from human and not mechanical faulfs. Some safety developments aim to improve your vision. Radar can spot obstacles in fog, while other technology "sees through" high-sided vehicles blocking your view. And improvements to seat belts, pedal controls and tyres are making driving smoother and safer. The color1 of a car has been found to be linked with safety, as have, less surprisingly, size and shape. And alternatives to fossil-fuel based petrol, such as plant oils, are a hot area of research. Fuel cells based on hydrogen burn cleanly, and are the subject of a serious research effort. But whatever is in the fuel tank,you don't want a thief in the driving seat and there have been many innovations ,some using satellite tracking and remote communications, to fight against car theft. These communication systems can also come into play if you crash, automatically calling for help. Accidents cause many traffic jams, but there are slighter interplays between vehicles that can cause jams even on a clear but busy road, such jams can be analyzed using statistical tools. Robotic drivers could be programmed to make traffic flow smoothly and will perhaps one day be everyone's personal tool, but their latest efforts suggest that won't be soon. What is the passage mainly about? | [
"The improvements inside cars help to protect drivers.",
".The use of artificial intelligence can reduce car crash rate.",
".Different technology has been researched to avoid car troubles.",
"The serious fact of road accidents needs the concern of everyone."
] | C. .Different technology has been researched to avoid car troubles. | mmlu_train |
arc_challenge_918 | It takes approximately 365 days for | [
"the Sun to orbit around Earth.",
"the Moon to orbit around Earth.",
"Earth to orbit around the Sun.",
"Earth to orbit around the Moon."
] | C. Earth to orbit around the Sun. | arc_challenge |
mmlu_train_94924 | What is the most likely to be an effect of acid rain on an aquatic environment? | [
"decrease in plant life",
"increase in fish population",
"increase in plant growth",
"cleaner and clearer water"
] | A. decrease in plant life | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_1916 | A line graph is best used to | [
"compare many variables.",
"display data as parts of a whole.",
"track the relationship between two variables over time.",
"organize data using pictures of objects."
] | C. track the relationship between two variables over time. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_8038 | The balance of a trader weighs 10% less than it should. Still the trader marks up his goods to get an overall profit of 20%. What is the mark up on the cost price? | [
"40%",
"8%",
"25%",
"16.66%",
"9%"
] | B. 8% | aquarat |
mmlu_train_84567 | In 1938, a fishing boat off the coast of Africa pulled up its nets. One net held a very strange fish, five feet long and bright blue. Strangest of all, it had fins that looked like legs! In the nets, only this fish stayed alive for several hours. Before the fish began to rot ( ), a young woman made a drawing of it. She sent her drawing to a scientist on sea life, Professor J. B. Smith. Upon seeing her drawing of the fish, Smith couldn't believe his eyes. Could it be true? It just didn't seem possible, but there it was. It could be only one thing, a coelacanth, a fish people believe having died out fifty million years ago. How could the fish be swimming about only a few days before? If we found one, there must be others. The professor put up posters offering a reward for catching such a fish. Other scientists laughed at Smith. They thought the search was a waste of time. Years passed. It seemed the other scientists were right. But Smith never gave up hope. One day, fourteen years later, the professor received a telegram. Afish had been caught that looked like the one in the poster. Would the scientist fly to the region and check the fish? Smith did. With shaking fingers the professor raised the cloth around the fish. It was exactly like the one in the young woman's drawing. It was a coelacanth,a missing link with the past! After the discovery of the coelacanth, scientists began to wonder. Is it possible that an even stranger creature will someday be discovered? What is the best title for this passage? | [
"A strange creature",
"A serious professor",
"The discovery of the coelacanth",
"A missing link with the past"
] | C. The discovery of the coelacanth | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_44731 | It's puzzling, isn't it? No matter where you try to tickle yourself, even on the soles of your feet or under your arms, you just can't. To understand why, you need to know more about how your brain works. One of its main tasks is to try to make good guesses about what's going to happen next. While you're busy getting on with your life, walking downstairs or eating your breakfast, parts of your brain are always trying to predict the future. Remember when you first learned how to ride a bicycle? At first, it took a lot of concentration to keep the handlebars steady and push the pedals . But after a while, cycling became easy. Now you're not aware of the movements you make to keep the bike going. From experience, your brain knows exactly what to expect so your body rides the bike automatically. Your brain is predicting all the movements you need to make. You only have to think consciously about cycling if something changes---like if there's a strong wind or you get a flat tyre. When something unexpected happens like this, your brain is forced to change its predictions about what will happen next. If it does its job well, you'll adjust to the strong wind, leaning your body so you don't fall. Why is it so important for our brains to predict what will happen next? It helps us make fewer mistakes and can even save our lives. For example, when a chief fireman sees a fire, he immediately makes decisions about how best to position his men. His past experiences help him foresee what might happen and choose the best plan for fighting the fire. His brain can instantly predict how different plans would work out, and he can _ any bad or dangerous plans without putting his men at risk in real life. So how does all this answer your question about tickling? Because your brain is always predicting your own actions, and how your body will feel as a result, you cannot tickle yourself. Other people can tickle you because they can surprise you. You can't predict what their tickling actions will be. What is the best title for this passage? | [
"How Does the Brain work?",
"Why Can't I Tickle Myself?",
"The importance of Prediction",
"The Importance of Our Brains"
] | B. Why Can't I Tickle Myself? | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_22446 | In the old days, children were familiar with birth and death as part of life. This is perhaps the first generation of American youngsters who have never been close by during the birth of a baby and have never experienced the death of a family member. Nowadays when people grow old, we often send them to nursing homes. When they get sick, we send them to a hospital, where children are forbidden to visit terminally ill patients - even when those patients are their parents. This deprives the dying patient of significant family members during the last few days of his and it deprives the children of an experience of death, which is an important learning experience. Some of my colleagues and I once interviewed and followed about 500 terminally ill patients in order to find out what they could teach us and how we could be of more benefit, not just to them but to the members of their families as well. We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious illness were aware of its possible result. It is important for family members, and doctors and nurses to understand these patients' communications in order to truly understand their needs, fears and fantasies. Most of our patients welcomed another human being with whom they could talk openly, honestly, and frankly about their trouble. Many of them shared with us their great need to be informed, to be kept up-to-date on their medical condition and to be told when the end was near. We found out that patients who had been dealt with openly and frankly were better able to deal with the coming of death and finally to reach a true stage of acceptance prior to death. The elders in America today _ . | [
"were often absent when a family member was born or dying",
"were quite unfamiliar with birth and death",
"usually saw the birth or death of a family member",
"had often experienced the fear of death as part of life"
] | C. usually saw the birth or death of a family member | mmlu_train |
aquarat_1442 | A bus trip of 360 miles would have taken 1 hour less if the average speed V for the trip had been greater by 5 miles per hour. What was the average speed V, in miles per hour, for the trip? | [
"35",
"40",
"45",
"50",
"55"
] | B. 40 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_95542 | Flashlights run on batteries in order to light up. Those use chemical energy, light uses | [
"mechanical energy",
"Light energy",
"Hyper energy",
"solar energy"
] | B. Light energy | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_80899 | Sharks are the most frightening animals in the sea. Sometimes we can see sharks swimming in the sea around Hong Kong. People put nets around some beaches to protect swimmers. When there is a "shark's flag", people must slay on the beach. It will be too late if a shark can swim sixty kilometers an hour to you. There are 30 kinds of sharks and 25 kinds of them are dangerous. The whale sharks are very big. They can grow to 18 meters long, but they are not dangerous to people. The jaws and the tiger sharks are the most dangerous kinds of sharks. Do you know all sharks must keep swimming, or they will go down? All sharks can feel everything that happens around them. We must keep _ and don't make any noise when a shark is swimming near you. If a shark loses a tooth, a new one will grow out very quickly. So sharks always have many sharp teeth. Why do people put nets around some beaches? | [
"To keep swimmers running.",
"To keep swimmers swimming.",
"To keep swimmers safe.",
"To keep sharks swimming."
] | C. To keep swimmers safe. | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1513 | Freda always hangs her wet swimsuit outdoors after getting out of the swimming pool. Which of the following is least likely to affect the rate at which Freda's swimsuit dries? | [
"the heat of the Sun",
"the speed of the wind",
"the temperature of the water in the pool",
"the amount of water vapor in the air"
] | C. the temperature of the water in the pool | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_78388 | Once a baby cries, the parents will go to see what happened as soon as possible. According to a new study, a baby's cry can make adults react very quickly, even if they are not related. Oxford University researchers used the classic game whack-a-mole for the study. Whack-a-mole requires people to hit one of nine buttons . The players must react as quickly as they can to whichever of the buttons lights up at random . It is a game that requires speed and accuracy ( ). The study included 40 men and women volunteers aged 19 to 59. Some of them had sons or daughters but none had a baby at the time. They played whack-a-mole after listening to different sounds, including babies crying, the crying of adults in trouble and birdsong played at a similar pitch to the babies' cries. The volunteers' scores were higher after listening to the sound of crying babies. Men and women had similar scores overall. The results showed that a crying baby gets special attention. "Few sounds make people react quite like the cry of a baby," said Morten Kringelbach of Oxford's psychiatry department, who led the study. "For example, it's almost impossible to ignore(,) crying babies on planes. This is true even though there are so many other noises around." He added that a baby's cry can increase adults' heart rate and blood pressure. This is understandable, because in the course of human evolution , taking care of babies has always been an important job for adults. When a baby is hungry or feeling bored or unwell, it will cry. As a result, human brains and bodies develop a special reaction to a baby's cry. The game "whack-a-mole" shows _ . | [
"a baby's cry can get special attention from adults",
"men and women have different reaction speed and accuracy",
"adults without babies react less quickly to a baby's cry",
"women react to a baby's cry more quickly than men"
] | A. a baby's cry can get special attention from adults | mmlu_train |
aquarat_13346 | $350 is divided among A, B, and C so that A receives half as much as B, and B receives half as much as C. How much money is C's share? | [
"$200",
"$225",
"$250",
"$275",
"$300"
] | C. $250 | aquarat |
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