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Mating and spawning are distinct events in blue crab reproduction. Males may mate several times and undergo no major changes in morphology during the process. Female blue crabs mate only once in their lifetimes during their pubertal, or terminal, molt. During this transition, the abdomen changes from a triangular to a ...	Callinectes sapidus	Wikipedia	479	574796	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Callinectes%20sapidus	Biology and health sciences	Crabs and hermit crabs	Animals
Spawning events in the Gulf of Mexico are less pronounced than in estuaries along the East Coast, like the Chesapeake. In northern waters of the Gulf of Mexico, spawning occurs in the spring, summer, and fall, and females generally spawn twice. During spawning, females migrate to high -salinity waters to develop a spon...	Callinectes sapidus	Wikipedia	454	574796	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Callinectes%20sapidus	Biology and health sciences	Crabs and hermit crabs	Animals
Gulf of Mexico The early history of the recreational blue crab fishery in the Gulf of Mexico is not well known. Commercial crabbing was first reported in the Gulf of Mexico in the 1880s. Early crab fishermen used long-handled dip nets and drop nets among other simple fishing gear types to trap crabs at night. Blue crab...	Callinectes sapidus	Wikipedia	462	574796	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Callinectes%20sapidus	Biology and health sciences	Crabs and hermit crabs	Animals
Recent decline Blue crab populations naturally fluctuate with annual changes in environmental conditions. They have been described as having a long-term dynamic equilibrium, which was first noted after irregular landings data in the Chesapeake in 1950. This tendency may have made it difficult for managers to predict th...	Callinectes sapidus	Wikipedia	473	574796	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Callinectes%20sapidus	Biology and health sciences	Crabs and hermit crabs	Animals
Bycatch Species other than blue crab are often caught incidentally in crab pots, including fish, turtles, conch, and other crab species. In Georgia, hermit crabs (Pagurus spp.), channeled whelk (Busycon canaliculatum), spider crabs (Libinia spp.), and stone crabs (Menippe mercenaria) were the most common species observ...	Callinectes sapidus	Wikipedia	414	574796	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Callinectes%20sapidus	Biology and health sciences	Crabs and hermit crabs	Animals
Mangrove crabs are crabs that live in and around mangroves. They belong to many different species and families and have been shown to be ecologically significant by burying and consuming leaf litter. Mangrove crabs have a variety of phylogenies because mangrove crab is an umbrella term that encompasses many species of ...	Mangrove crab	Wikipedia	439	574874	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangrove%20crab	Biology and health sciences	Crabs and hermit crabs	Animals
Types of mangrove crabs Sesarmid crabs Fiddler crabs Aratus pisonii, Americas Haberma, genus of small mangrove crabs, Indo-Pacific, including: Haberma tingkok, Hong Kong Metopograpsus messor, Indo-Pacific Metopograpsus thukuhar, Indo-Pacific Neosarmatium meinerti, Indo-Pacific Neosarmatium smithi, Indo-Pacifi...	Mangrove crab	Wikipedia	402	574874	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangrove%20crab	Biology and health sciences	Crabs and hermit crabs	Animals
Mangrove crabs often construct and inhabit burrows in mangrove sediment. These burrows aid them in enduring the extremes that can be found in mangroves at high and low tide, allowing them to maintain more constant and ideal temperatures and oxygen levels. These constants can additionally aid other small benthic fauna, ...	Mangrove crab	Wikipedia	385	574874	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangrove%20crab	Biology and health sciences	Crabs and hermit crabs	Animals
Biofilms Biofilm endosymbiosis occurs on the gills of some mangrove crabs, namely Aratus pisonii and Minuca rapax. Each species of these mangrove crabs likely have distinct bacterial compositions. These microbial biofilms are locations of nitrogen transformation, particularly nitrogen fixation. Bacteria like Cyanobact...	Mangrove crab	Wikipedia	437	574874	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangrove%20crab	Biology and health sciences	Crabs and hermit crabs	Animals
A motorboat or powerboat is a boat that is exclusively powered by an engine; faster examples may be called "speedboats". Some motorboats are fitted with inboard engines, others have an outboard motor installed on the rear, containing the internal combustion engine, the gearbox and the propeller in one portable unit. A...	Motorboat	Wikipedia	460	574964	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorboat	Technology	Naval transport	null
The earliest boat to be powered by a petrol engine was tested on the Neckar River by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach in 1886, when they tested their new "longcase clock" engine. It had been constructed in the former greenhouse (converted into a workshop) in Daimler's back yard. The first public display took place ...	Motorboat	Wikipedia	463	574964	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorboat	Technology	Naval transport	null
The Daimler Company began production of motor boats in 1897 from its manufacturing base in Coventry. The engines had two cylinders and the explosive charge of petroleum and air was ignited by compression into a heated platinum tube. The engine gave about six horse-power. The petrol was fed by air pressure to a large su...	Motorboat	Wikipedia	431	574964	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorboat	Technology	Naval transport	null
An article in the Cork Constitution on 13 July reported "A large number of spectators viewed the first mile from the promenade of the Yacht Club, and at Cork several thousand people collected at both sides of the river to see the finishes." Levitt was then commanded to the Royal yacht of King Edward VII where he congra...	Motorboat	Wikipedia	447	574964	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorboat	Technology	Naval transport	null
A submersible is an underwater vehicle which needs to be transported and supported by a larger watercraft or platform. This distinguishes submersibles from submarines, which are self-supporting and capable of prolonged independent operation at sea. There are many types of submersibles, including both human-occupied ve...	Submersible	Wikipedia	448	575135	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submersible	Technology	Naval transport	null
Operation Apart from size, the main technical difference between a "submersible" and a "submarine" is that submersibles are not fully autonomous and may rely on a support facility or vessel for replenishment of power and breathing gases. Submersibles typically have shorter range, and operate primarily underwater, as mo...	Submersible	Wikipedia	485	575135	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submersible	Technology	Naval transport	null
Single-atmosphere submersibles have a pressure hull with internal pressure maintained at surface atmospheric pressure. This requires the hull to be capable of withstanding the ambient hydrostatic pressure from the water outside, which can be many times greater than the internal pressure. Ambient pressure submersibles ...	Submersible	Wikipedia	465	575135	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submersible	Technology	Naval transport	null
Buoyancy control During underwater operation a submersible will generally be neutrally buoyant, but may use positive or negative buoyancy to facilitate vertical motion. Negative buoyancy may also be useful at times to settle the vessel on the bottom, and positive buoyancy is necessary to float the vessel at the surfac...	Submersible	Wikipedia	406	575135	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submersible	Technology	Naval transport	null
DSV Limiting Factor, known as Bakunawa since its sale in 2022, is a crewed deep-submergence vehicle (DSV) manufactured by Triton Submarines and owned and operated since 2022 by Gabe Newell's Inkfish ocean-exploration research organization. It holds the records for the deepest crewed dives in all five oceans. Limiting...	Submersible	Wikipedia	436	575135	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submersible	Technology	Naval transport	null
Remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) repair offshore oil platforms and attach cables to sunken ships to hoist them. Such remotely operated vehicles are attached by an umbilical cable (a thick cable providing power and communications) to a control center on a ship. Operators on the ship see video and/or sonar images sent b...	Submersible	Wikipedia	249	575135	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submersible	Technology	Naval transport	null
An antifungal medication, also known as an antimycotic medication, is a pharmaceutical fungicide or fungistatic used to treat and prevent mycosis such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis (thrush), serious systemic infections such as cryptococcal meningitis, and others. Such drugs are usually obtained by a doctor's...	Antifungal	Wikipedia	434	575176	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifungal	Biology and health sciences	Antifungals	Health
A polyene is a molecule with multiple conjugated double bonds. A polyene antifungal is a macrocyclic polyene with a heavily hydroxylated region on the ring opposite the conjugated system. This makes polyene antifungals amphiphilic. The polyene antimycotics bind with sterols in the fungal cell membrane, principally ergo...	Antifungal	Wikipedia	510	575176	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifungal	Biology and health sciences	Antifungals	Health
Albaconazole Cyproconazole Efinaconazole Epoxiconazole Fluconazole Isavuconazole Itraconazole Posaconazole Propiconazole Ravuconazole Terconazole Voriconazole Thiazoles Abafungin Allylamines Allylamines inhibit squalene epoxidase, another enzyme required for ergosterol synthesis. Examples include butenafi...	Antifungal	Wikipedia	188	575176	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifungal	Biology and health sciences	Antifungals	Health
Others Acrisorcin Amorolfine – a morpholine derivative used topically in dermatophytosis Aurones – possess antifungal properties Benzoic acid – has antifungal properties, such as in Whitfield's ointment, Friar's Balsam, and Balsam of Peru Carbol fuchsin (Castellani's paint) Ciclopirox (ciclopirox olamine) – a hyd...	Antifungal	Wikipedia	511	575176	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifungal	Biology and health sciences	Antifungals	Health
Triacetin – hydrolysed to acetic acid by fungal esterases Undecylenic acid – an unsaturated fatty acid derived from natural castor oil; fungistatic, antibacterial, antiviral, and inhibits Candida morphogenesis Zinc pyrithione	Antifungal	Wikipedia	63	575176	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifungal	Biology and health sciences	Antifungals	Health
Side effects Incidents of liver injury or failure among modern antifungal medicines are very low to non-existent. However, some can cause allergic reactions in people. There are also many drug interactions. Patients must read in detail the enclosed data sheet(s) of any medicine. For example, the azole antifungals such...	Antifungal	Wikipedia	455	575176	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifungal	Biology and health sciences	Antifungals	Health
Some fungi (e.g. Candida krusei and fluconazole) exhibit intrinsic resistance to certain antifungal drugs or classes, whereas some species develop antifungal resistance to external pressures. Antifungal resistance is a One Health concern, driven by multiple extrinsic factors, including extensive fungicidal use, overuse...	Antifungal	Wikipedia	188	575176	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifungal	Biology and health sciences	Antifungals	Health
A hide or skin is an animal skin treated for human use. The word "hide" is related to the German word , which means skin. The industry defines hides as "skins" of large animals e.g. cow, buffalo; while skins refer to "skins" of smaller animals: goat, sheep, deer, pig, fish, alligator, snake, etc. Common commercial hid...	Hide (skin)	Wikipedia	505	575495	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hide%20%28skin%29	Technology	Materials	null
Rare furs have been a notable status symbol throughout history. Ermine fur was particularly associated with European nobility, with the black-tipped tails arranged around the edges of the robes to produce a pattern of black diamonds on a white field. Demand for beaver hats in the 17th and 18th century drove some of the...	Hide (skin)	Wikipedia	416	575495	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hide%20%28skin%29	Technology	Materials	null
Controversy Animal rights activists generally protest the use of animal hides for human clothing. Forms of protest range from PETA's "I would rather go naked than wear fur" campaign, although more shocking and direct action, like damaging furs with red paint in imitation of blood, has been toned down, like the "Ink, no...	Hide (skin)	Wikipedia	109	575495	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hide%20%28skin%29	Technology	Materials	null
The deltoid muscle is the muscle forming the rounded contour of the human shoulder. It is also known as the 'common shoulder muscle', particularly in other animals such as the domestic cat. Anatomically, the deltoid muscle is made up of three distinct sets of muscle fibers, namely the anterior or clavicular part (pars...	Deltoid muscle	Wikipedia	414	575531	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deltoid%20muscle	Biology and health sciences	Human anatomy	Health
Though traditionally described as a single insertion, the deltoid insertion is divided into two or three discernible areas corresponding to the muscle's three areas of origin. The insertion is an arch-like structure with strong anterior and posterior fascial connections flanking an intervening tissue bridge. It additio...	Deltoid muscle	Wikipedia	445	575531	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deltoid%20muscle	Biology and health sciences	Human anatomy	Health
When all its fibers contract simultaneously, the deltoid is the prime mover of arm abduction along the frontal plane. The arm must be medially rotated for the deltoid to have maximum effect. This makes the deltoid an antagonist muscle of the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi during arm adduction. The anterior fiber...	Deltoid muscle	Wikipedia	488	575531	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deltoid%20muscle	Biology and health sciences	Human anatomy	Health
Clinical significance The most common abnormalities affecting the deltoid are tears, fatty atrophy, and enthesopathy. Deltoid muscle tears are unusual and frequently related to traumatic shoulder dislocation or massive rotator cuff tears. Muscle atrophy may result from various causes, including aging, disuse, denervati...	Deltoid muscle	Wikipedia	437	575531	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deltoid%20muscle	Biology and health sciences	Human anatomy	Health
Navy blue is a dark shade of the color blue. Navy blue got its name from the dark blue (contrasted with naval white) worn by officers in the Royal Navy since 1748 and subsequently adopted by other navies around the world. When this color name, taken from the usual color of the uniforms of sailors, originally came into...	Navy blue	Wikipedia	473	575590	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navy%20blue	Physical sciences	Colors	Physics
Military In many world navies, including the United States Navy and the Royal Canadian Navy, uniforms which are called "navy blue" are, in actuality, colored black, as the uniforms became progressively darker over time to counter fading of the dye, though for modern dyes are fade resistant. The Canadian Forces dress ...	Navy blue	Wikipedia	479	575590	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navy%20blue	Physical sciences	Colors	Physics
There are 95 moons of Jupiter with confirmed orbits . This number does not include a number of meter-sized moonlets thought to be shed from the inner moons, nor hundreds of possible kilometer-sized outer irregular moons that were only briefly captured by telescopes. All together, Jupiter's moons form a satellite system...	Moons of Jupiter	Wikipedia	436	575613	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Jupiter	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
The physical and orbital characteristics of the moons vary widely. The four Galileans are all over in diameter; the largest Galilean, Ganymede, is the ninth largest object in the Solar System, after the Sun and seven of the planets, Ganymede being larger than Mercury. All other Jovian moons are less than in diameter,...	Moons of Jupiter	Wikipedia	507	575613	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Jupiter	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
Chinese historian Xi Zezong claimed that the earliest record of a Jovian moon (Ganymede or Callisto) was a note by Chinese astronomer Gan De of an observation around 364 BC regarding a "reddish star". However, the first certain observations of Jupiter's satellites were those of Galileo Galilei in 1609. By January 1610,...	Moons of Jupiter	Wikipedia	454	575613	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Jupiter	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
From 2001 onward, Sheppard and Jewitt alongside other collaborators continued surveying for Jovian irregular moons with the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT), discovering an additional eleven in December 2001, one in October 2002, and nineteen in February 2003. At the same time, another independent team led by Bre...	Moons of Jupiter	Wikipedia	366	575613	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Jupiter	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
In 2016, while surveying for distant trans-Neptunian objects with the Magellan Telescopes, Sheppard serendipitously observed a region of the sky located near Jupiter, enticing him to search for Jovian irregular moons as a detour. In collaboration with Chadwick Trujillo and David Tholen, Sheppard continued surveying aro...	Moons of Jupiter	Wikipedia	361	575613	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Jupiter	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
Many more irregular moons of Jupiter will inevitably be discovered in the future, especially after the beginning of deep sky surveys by the upcoming Vera C. Rubin Observatory and Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope in the mid-2020s. The Rubin Observatory's aperture telescope and 3.5 square-degree field of view will prob...	Moons of Jupiter	Wikipedia	348	575613	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Jupiter	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
The other moons were simply labeled by their Roman numeral (e.g. Jupiter IX) in the majority of astronomical literature until the 1970s. Several different suggestions were made for names of Jupiter's outer satellites, but none were universally accepted until 1975 when the International Astronomical Union's (IAU) Task G...	Moons of Jupiter	Wikipedia	333	575613	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Jupiter	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
Regular satellites These have prograde and nearly circular orbits of low inclination and are split into two groups: Inner satellites or Amalthea group: Metis, Adrastea, Amalthea, and Thebe. These orbit very close to Jupiter; the innermost two orbit in less than a Jovian day. The latter two are respectively the fifth a...	Moons of Jupiter	Wikipedia	410	575613	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Jupiter	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
The irregular satellites are substantially smaller objects with more distant and eccentric orbits. They form families with shared similarities in orbit (semi-major axis, inclination, eccentricity) and composition; it is believed that these are at least partially collisional families that were created when larger (but s...	Moons of Jupiter	Wikipedia	512	575613	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Jupiter	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
The Pasiphae group is quite dispersed, with semi-major axes spread over , inclinations between 141° and 157°, and higher eccentricities between 0.23 and 0.44. The colors also vary significantly, from red to grey, which might be the result of multiple collisions. Sinope, sometimes included in the Pasiphae group, is red ...	Moons of Jupiter	Wikipedia	104	575613	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Jupiter	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
Based on their survey discoveries in 2000–2003, Sheppard and Jewitt predicted that Jupiter should have approximately 100 irregular satellites larger than in diameter, or brighter than magnitude 24. Survey observations by Alexandersen et al. in 2010–2011 agreed with this prediction, estimating that approximately 40 Jov...	Moons of Jupiter	Wikipedia	506	575613	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Jupiter	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
Some irregular moons have only been observed briefly for a year or two, but their orbits are known accurately enough that they will not be lost to positional uncertainties. Exploration Nine spacecraft have visited Jupiter. The first were Pioneer 10 in 1973, and Pioneer 11 a year later, taking low-resolution images of...	Moons of Jupiter	Wikipedia	357	575613	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Jupiter	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
Cheminformatics (also known as chemoinformatics) refers to the use of physical chemistry theory with computer and information science techniques—so called "in silico" techniques—in application to a range of descriptive and prescriptive problems in the field of chemistry, including in its applications to biology and rel...	Cheminformatics	Wikipedia	492	575697	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheminformatics	Physical sciences	Basics_2	Chemistry
The in silico representation of chemical structures uses specialized formats such as the Simplified molecular input line entry specifications (SMILES) or the XML-based Chemical Markup Language. These representations are often used for storage in large chemical databases. While some formats are suited for visual repres...	Cheminformatics	Wikipedia	391	575697	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheminformatics	Physical sciences	Basics_2	Chemistry
The moons of Saturn are numerous and diverse, ranging from tiny moonlets only tens of meters across to the enormous Titan, which is larger than the planet Mercury. There are 146 moons with confirmed orbits, the most of any planet in the Solar System. This number does not include the many thousands of moonlets embedded ...	Moons of Saturn	Wikipedia	394	575749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
The remaining 122, with mean diameters ranging from , orbit much farther from Saturn. They are irregular satellites, having high orbital inclinations and eccentricities mixed between prograde and retrograde. These moons are probably captured minor planets, or fragments from the collisional breakup of such bodies after ...	Moons of Saturn	Wikipedia	498	575749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
The use of long-exposure photographic plates made possible the discovery of additional moons. The first to be discovered in this manner, Phoebe, was found in 1899 by W. H. Pickering. In 1966 the tenth satellite of Saturn was discovered by Audouin Dollfus, when the rings were observed edge-on near an equinox. It was lat...	Moons of Saturn	Wikipedia	504	575749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
Study of Saturn's moons has also been aided by advances in telescope instrumentation, primarily the introduction of digital charge-coupled devices which replaced photographic plates. For the 20th century, Phoebe stood alone among Saturn's known moons with its highly irregular orbit. Then in 2000, three dozen additional...	Moons of Saturn	Wikipedia	505	575749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
The modern names for Saturnian moons were suggested by John Herschel in 1847. He proposed to name them after mythological figures associated with the Roman god of agriculture and harvest, Saturn (equated to the Greek Cronus). In particular, the then known seven satellites were named after Titans, Titanesses and Giants ...	Moons of Saturn	Wikipedia	490	575749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
Orbital groups Although the boundaries may be somewhat vague, Saturn's moons can be divided into ten groups according to their orbital characteristics. Many of them, such as Pan and Daphnis, orbit within Saturn's ring system and have orbital periods only slightly longer than the planet's rotation period. The innermost...	Moons of Saturn	Wikipedia	370	575749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
In 2007, the discovery of 150 more moonlets revealed that they (with the exception of two that have been seen outside the Encke gap) are confined to three narrow bands in the A Ring between 126,750 and 132,000 km from Saturn's center. Each band is about a thousand kilometers wide, which is less than 1% the width of Sat...	Moons of Saturn	Wikipedia	382	575749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
Shepherd satellites are small moons that orbit within, or just beyond, a planet's ring system. They have the effect of sculpting the rings: giving them sharp edges, and creating gaps between them. Saturn's shepherd moons are Pan (Encke gap), Daphnis (Keeler gap), Prometheus (F Ring), Janus (A Ring), and Epimetheus (A R...	Moons of Saturn	Wikipedia	257	575749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
The innermost large moons of Saturn orbit within its tenuous E Ring, along with three smaller moons of the Alkyonides group. Mimas is the smallest and least massive of the inner round moons, although its mass is sufficient to alter the orbit of Methone. It is noticeably ovoid-shaped, having been made shorter at the po...	Moons of Saturn	Wikipedia	452	575749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
Tethys is the third largest of Saturn's inner moons. Its most prominent features are a large (400 km diameter) impact crater named Odysseus on its leading hemisphere and a vast canyon system named Ithaca Chasma extending at least 270° around Tethys. The Ithaca Chasma is concentric with Odysseus, and these two features ...	Moons of Saturn	Wikipedia	484	575749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
Alkyonides Three small moons orbit between Mimas and Enceladus: Methone, Anthe, and Pallene. Named after the Alkyonides of Greek mythology, they are some of the smallest moons in the Saturn system. Anthe and Methone have very faint ring arcs along their orbits, whereas Pallene has a faint complete ring. Of these three ...	Moons of Saturn	Wikipedia	231	575749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
These moons all orbit beyond the E Ring. They are: Rhea is the second-largest of Saturn's moons. It is even slightly larger than Oberon, the second-largest moon of Uranus. In 2005, Cassini detected a depletion of electrons in the plasma wake of Rhea, which forms when the co-rotating plasma of Saturn's magnetosphere is...	Moons of Saturn	Wikipedia	343	575749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
Titan, at 5,149 km diameter, is the second largest moon in the Solar System and Saturn's largest. Out of all the large moons, Titan is the only one with a dense (surface pressure of 1.5 atm), cold atmosphere, primarily made of nitrogen with a small fraction of methane. The dense atmosphere frequently produces bright wh...	Moons of Saturn	Wikipedia	354	575749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
Hyperion is Titan's nearest neighbor in the Saturn system. The two moons are locked in a 4:3 mean-motion resonance with each other, meaning that while Titan makes four revolutions around Saturn, Hyperion makes exactly three. With an average diameter of about 270 km, Hyperion is smaller and lighter than Mimas. It has an...	Moons of Saturn	Wikipedia	240	575749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
Iapetus is the third-largest of Saturn's moons. Orbiting the planet at km, it is by far the most distant of Saturn's large moons, and also has the largest orbital inclination, at 15.47°. Iapetus has long been known for its unusual two-toned surface; its leading hemisphere is pitch-black and its trailing hemisphere is ...	Moons of Saturn	Wikipedia	416	575749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
Irregular Irregular moons are small satellites with large-radii, inclined, and frequently retrograde orbits, believed to have been acquired by the parent planet through a capture process. They often occur as collisional families or groups. The precise size as well as albedo of the irregular moons are not known for sur...	Moons of Saturn	Wikipedia	415	575749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
The Gallic group includes seven prograde outer moons that are similar enough in their distance from the planet (200–300 radii of Saturn), their orbital inclination (35–40°) and their color that they can be considered a group. They are Albiorix, Bebhionn, Erriapus, Tarvos, Saturn LX, S/2007 S 8, and S/2020 S 4. The larg...	Moons of Saturn	Wikipedia	505	575749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
Outlier prograde satellites Two prograde moons of Saturn do not definitively belong to either the Inuit or Gallic groups. S/2004 S 24 and S/2006 S 12 have similar orbital inclinations as the Gallic group, but have much more distant orbits with semi-major axes of ~400 Saturn radii and ~340 Saturn radii, respectively. L...	Moons of Saturn	Wikipedia	450	575749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
Temporary Much like Jupiter, asteroids and comets will infrequently make close approaches to Saturn, even more infrequently becoming captured into orbit of the planet. The comet P/2020 F1 (Leonard) is calculated to have made a close approach of km ( mi) to Saturn on 8 May 1936, closer than the orbit of Titan to the pl...	Moons of Saturn	Wikipedia	326	575749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moons%20of%20Saturn	Physical sciences	Solar System	Astronomy
The house mouse (Mus musculus) is a small mammal of the order Rodentia, characteristically having a pointed snout, large rounded ears, and a long and almost hairless tail. It is one of the most abundant species of the genus Mus. Although a wild animal, the house mouse has benefited significantly from associating with h...	House mouse	Wikipedia	403	575890	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20mouse	Biology and health sciences	Rodents	Animals
The tail, which is used for balance, has only a thin covering of hair as it is the main peripheral organ of heat loss in thermoregulation along with—to a lesser extent—the hairless parts of the paws and ears. Blood flow to the tail can be precisely controlled in response to changes in ambient temperature using a system...	House mouse	Wikipedia	456	575890	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20mouse	Biology and health sciences	Rodents	Animals
Many more subspecies' names have been given to house mice, but these are now regarded as synonyms of the five subspecies. Some populations are hybrids of different subspecies, including the Japanese house mouse (M. m. molossinus). A notable region of hybridization is a region in general Europe where M. m. domesticus an...	House mouse	Wikipedia	501	575890	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20mouse	Biology and health sciences	Rodents	Animals
House mice primarily feed on plant matter, but are omnivorous. They eat their own faeces to acquire nutrients produced by bacteria in their intestines. House mice, like most other rodents, do not vomit. Mice are generally afraid of rats which often kill and eat them, a behavior known as muricide. Despite this, free-li...	House mouse	Wikipedia	423	575890	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20mouse	Biology and health sciences	Rodents	Animals
In open areas such as shrubs and fields, the house mouse population is known as noncommensal. These populations are often limited by water or food supply and have large territories. Female-female aggression in the noncommensal house mouse populations is much higher, reaching a level generally attributed to free-ranging...	House mouse	Wikipedia	415	575890	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20mouse	Biology and health sciences	Rodents	Animals
The urine of house mice, especially that of males, has a characteristic strong odor. At least 10 different compounds, such as alkanes, alcohols, etc., are detectable in the urine. Among them, five compounds are specific to males, namely 3-cyclohexene-1-methanol, aminotriazole (3-amino-s-triazole), 4-ethyl phenol, 3-eth...	House mouse	Wikipedia	441	575890	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20mouse	Biology and health sciences	Rodents	Animals
Following copulation, female mice will normally develop a mating plug which prevents further copulation. The plug is not necessary for pregnancy initiation, as this will also occur without the plug. The presence or absence of the plug will not affect litter size either. This plug stays in place for some 24 hours. The g...	House mouse	Wikipedia	432	575890	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20mouse	Biology and health sciences	Rodents	Animals
The polygamous behavior of female house mice promotes sperm competition, which affects both male and female evolutionary fitness. Females who mate with multiple males tend to produce both pups in greater numbers, and with higher survival rates, increasing female fitness. Sperm competition that arises from polygamy favo...	House mouse	Wikipedia	474	575890	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20mouse	Biology and health sciences	Rodents	Animals
Intrauterine insemination causes an evolutionary consequence resulting from polyandrous behavior. When multiple males mate with one female, there are multiple sets of sperm gametes in a female mouse. Offspring fertilized by multiple males can compete more strongly for mother's resources and can lead to a decrease in bo...	House mouse	Wikipedia	369	575890	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20mouse	Biology and health sciences	Rodents	Animals
In several different mouse strains, a significant increase was observed with age in 8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) levels in nuclear DNA from liver, heart, brain, kidney, skeletal muscle and spleen. This increase in DNA damage was attributed to an age related increase in the sensitivity of these tissues to oxidati...	House mouse	Wikipedia	404	575890	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20mouse	Biology and health sciences	Rodents	Animals
The first written reference to mice kept as pets occurs in the Erya, the oldest extant Chinese dictionary, from a mention in an 1100 BC version. Human domestication led to numerous strains of "fancy" or hobby mice with a variety of colours and a docile temperament. Domestic varieties of the house mouse are bred as a fo...	House mouse	Wikipedia	443	575890	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20mouse	Biology and health sciences	Rodents	Animals
Rickettsialpox, caused by the bacterium Rickettsia akari and similar to chickenpox, is spread by mice in general, but is very rare and generally mild and resolves within two or three weeks if untreated. No known deaths have resulted from the disease. Murine typhus (also called endemic typhus), caused by the bacterium R...	House mouse	Wikipedia	463	575890	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20mouse	Biology and health sciences	Rodents	Animals
In the grain belt of southeastern Australia, the introduced subspecies Mus musculus domesticus breed so successfully, every three years or so they reach plague proportions, achieving densities of 1000 per hectare and causing massive disruption to communities, and losses to agriculture of A$36 million annually. As a mo...	House mouse	Wikipedia	318	575890	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20mouse	Biology and health sciences	Rodents	Animals
In mathematics, a parametric equation expresses several quantities, such as the coordinates of a point, as functions of one or several variables called parameters. In the case of a single parameter, parametric equations are commonly used to express the trajectory of a moving point, in which case, the parameter is oft...	Parametric equation	Wikipedia	495	576108	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parametric%20equation	Mathematics	Basics	null
where , , and are set-wise coprime polynomials, a resultant computation allows one to implicitize. More precisely, the implicit equation is the resultant with respect to of and . In higher dimensions (either more than two coordinates or more than one parameter), the implicitization of rational parametric equations ...	Parametric equation	Wikipedia	510	576108	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parametric%20equation	Mathematics	Basics	null
In all these formulae are the center coordinates of the hyperbola, is the length of the semi-major axis, and is the length of the semi-minor axis. Note that in the rational forms of these formulae, the points and , respectively, are not represented by a real value of , but are the limit of and as tends to infini...	Parametric equation	Wikipedia	465	576108	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parametric%20equation	Mathematics	Basics	null
The explicit representation may be very complicated, or even may not exist. Moreover, it does not behave well under geometric transformations, and in particular under rotations. On the other hand, as a parametric equation and an implicit equation may easily be deduced from an explicit representation, when a simple expl...	Parametric equation	Wikipedia	480	576108	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parametric%20equation	Mathematics	Basics	null
A squat toilet (or squatting toilet) is a toilet used by squatting, rather than sitting. This means that the posture for defecation and for female urination is to place one foot on each side of the toilet drain or hole and to squat over it. There are several types of squat toilets, but they all consist essentially of ...	Squat toilet	Wikipedia	498	576193	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squat%20toilet	Technology	Hydraulics and pneumatics	null
The user stands over the squat toilet facing the hood and pulls down (up in the case of skirts or dress) their trousers and underwear to the knees. The user then squats over the hole, as close to the front as possible, as excrement tends to fall onto the rear edge of the in-floor receptacle if the user squats too far b...	Squat toilet	Wikipedia	453	576193	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squat%20toilet	Technology	Hydraulics and pneumatics	null
Perceptions and trends There are two different attitudes towards squat toilets, largely dependent on what users are used to, or whether the toilet is at a public or private place: Some people regard squat toilets as more hygienic compared to sitting toilets. They might be easier to clean and there is no skin contact w...	Squat toilet	Wikipedia	269	576193	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squat%20toilet	Technology	Hydraulics and pneumatics	null
The following general statements can be made: Squat toilets are common in many Asian countries, including China and India. They are also widespread in Turkey (), Nepal, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Myanmar, The Philippines, Iran and Iraq. They can be found in nations like Japan, South Korea, T...	Squat toilet	Wikipedia	472	576193	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squat%20toilet	Technology	Hydraulics and pneumatics	null
Although in Japan it is believed that the squat toilet is traditional, the trend in Japan is to move away from squat toilets: According to Toto, one of Japan's major toilet manufacturers, the production of Western-style toilets increased rapidly since 1976. In 2015, only 1% of all toilets produced by this company were ...	Squat toilet	Wikipedia	163	576193	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squat%20toilet	Technology	Hydraulics and pneumatics	null
Philodendron is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. , the Plants of the World Online accepted 621 species; other sources accept different numbers. Regardless of number of species, the genus is the second-largest member of the family Araceae, after genus Anthurium. Taxonomically, the genus Philodend...	Philodendron	Wikipedia	418	576200	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philodendron	Biology and health sciences	Monocots	null
Secondary hemiepiphytes start life on the ground or on part of a tree trunk very close to the ground, where the seeds sprout. These philodendrons have their roots in the ground early in their lives. They then begin climbing up a tree and eventually may become completely epiphytic, doing away with their subterranean roo...	Philodendron	Wikipedia	194	576200	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philodendron	Biology and health sciences	Monocots	null
A few species show three peaks in temperature during flowering, which stimulates beetles within the spathe and increasing the likelihood they will be sufficiently coated with pollen. A sticky resin is also produced in drops attached to the spadix which help to keep the pollen attached to the beetles. This resin produci...	Philodendron	Wikipedia	413	576200	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philodendron	Biology and health sciences	Monocots	null
The leaves are usually large and imposing, often lobed or deeply cut, and may be more or less pinnate. They can also be oval (Philodendron 'White Princess'), spear-shaped, divided (Philodendron tripartitum) or in many other possible shape variations. The leaves are borne alternately on the stem. A quality of philodendr...	Philodendron	Wikipedia	496	576200	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philodendron	Biology and health sciences	Monocots	null
Cataphylls Philodendrons also produce cataphylls, which are modified leaves that surround and protect the newly forming leaves. Cataphylls are usually green, leaf-like, and rigid while they are protecting the leaf. In some species, they can even be rather succulent. Once the leaf has been fully formed, the cataphyll us...	Philodendron	Wikipedia	283	576200	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philodendron	Biology and health sciences	Monocots	null
Roots Philodendrons have both aerial and subterranean roots. The aerial roots occur in many shapes and sizes and originate from most of the plant's nodes or occasionally from an internode. The size and number of aerial roots per node depends on the presence of a suitable substrate for the roots to attach themselves. Ae...	Philodendron	Wikipedia	424	576200	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philodendron	Biology and health sciences	Monocots	null
When philodendrons are ready to reproduce, they will produce an inflorescence which consists of a leaf-like hood called a spathe within which is enclosed a tube-like structure called a spadix. Depending on the species, a single inflorescence can be produced or a cluster of up to 11 inflorescences can be produced at a s...	Philodendron	Wikipedia	419	576200	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philodendron	Biology and health sciences	Monocots	null
Sexual reproduction is achieved by means of beetles, with many philodendron species requiring the presence of a specific beetle species to achieve pollination. The reverse is not always the case, as many beetle species will pollinate more than one philodendron species. These same beetles could also pollinate other gene...	Philodendron	Wikipedia	292	576200	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philodendron	Biology and health sciences	Monocots	null
Once female anthesis is nearing its end and the female flowers have been pollinated, the spathe will be fully open and male anthesis begins. In the beginning of male anthesis, the fertile male flowers complete the process of producing the pollen and the female flowers become unreceptive to further pollination. Addition...	Philodendron	Wikipedia	446	576200	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philodendron	Biology and health sciences	Monocots	null
The color of the berries can vary depending on the species, but most produce a white berry with slight tones of green. Some produce orange berries and others yellow berries, though. Still others will produce berries that start off white, but then change to another color with time. Philodendrons that produce orange berr...	Philodendron	Wikipedia	401	576200	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philodendron	Biology and health sciences	Monocots	null

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