id int64 39 79M | url stringlengths 31 227 | text stringlengths 6 334k | source stringlengths 1 150 ⌀ | categories listlengths 1 6 | token_count int64 3 71.8k | subcategories listlengths 0 30 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8,701,933 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global%20Health%20Security%20Initiative | The Global Health Security Initiative (GHSI) is a collaborative effort among several nations and organizations focused on strengthening global health security. Established in response to the 2001 terrorist attacks, its primary goal is to prepare for and address public health risks related biological, chemical, nuclear ... | Global Health Security Initiative | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 902 | [
"Nuclear organizations",
"Biological warfare",
"nan",
"Nuclear warfare",
"Radiation protection organizations",
"Radioactivity"
] |
8,702,775 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-forcing%20equalizer | The zero-forcing equalizer is a form of linear equalization algorithm used in communication systems which applies the inverse of the frequency response of the channel. This form of equalizer was first proposed by Robert Lucky.
The zero-forcing equalizer applies the inverse of the channel frequency response to the rece... | Zero-forcing equalizer | [
"Engineering"
] | 557 | [
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Filter theory"
] |
8,702,779 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanofiltration | Nanofiltration is a membrane filtration process that uses nanometer sized pores through which particles smaller than about 1–10 nanometers pass through the membrane. Nanofiltration membranes have pore sizes of about 1–10 nanometers, smaller than those used in microfiltration and ultrafiltration, but a slightly bigger t... | Nanofiltration | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 2,946 | [
"Water desalination",
"Separation processes",
"Water treatment",
"Chemical equipment",
"Filters",
"Materials science",
"Water pollution",
"Membrane technology",
"Filtration",
"Environmental engineering",
"Water technology",
"Nanotechnology"
] |
8,703,587 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silvan%20Dam | Silvan Dam is an embankment concrete-face rock-fill currently under construction on the Batman River in the district of Silvan, Diyarbakır Province in southeastern Turkey. It is part of the Southeastern Anatolia Project and located upstream of the Batman Dam. Construction began on 26 July 2011. The purpose of the dam i... | Silvan Dam | [
"Engineering"
] | 260 | [
"Southeastern Anatolia Project",
"Irrigation projects"
] |
8,704,209 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline%20of%20design | The following outline is provided as an overview of a topical guide to design:
Design (as a verb: designing, or, to design) is the intentional creation of a plan or specification for the construction or manufacturing of an object or system or for the implementation of an activity or process.
Design (as a noun: a desi... | Outline of design | [
"Engineering"
] | 624 | [
"Design"
] |
8,704,220 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline%20of%20construction | The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to construction:
Construction – process of building or assembling infrastructure. A complex activity, large scale construction involves extensive multitasking. Normally, a job is managed by a project manager, and supervised by a construction manager... | Outline of construction | [
"Engineering"
] | 561 | [
"Construction"
] |
8,704,223 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline%20of%20chemical%20engineering | The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to chemical engineering:
Chemical engineering – deals with the application of physical science (e.g., chemistry and physics), and life sciences (e.g., biology, [[microbi
logy]] and biochemistry) with mathematics and economics, to the process of conv... | Outline of chemical engineering | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 411 | [
"Chemical engineering",
"nan"
] |
16,037,749 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synantherology | Synantherology is a branch of botany that deals with the study of the plant family Asteraceae (also called Compositae). The name of the field refers to the fused anthers possessed by members of the family, and recalls an old French name, synantherées, for the family.
Although many of the plants of the Asteraceae were ... | Synantherology | [
"Biology"
] | 252 | [
"Branches of botany"
] |
16,039,139 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic-tracking%20satellite%20dish | Automatic Tracking Satellite Dishes are satellite dishes used while a vehicle, boat or ship is in motion. Automatic tracking satellite dishes utilize gyroscopes, GPS position sensors, and uses unique satellite identification data and an integrated DVB decoder to aid in identification of the satellite that it is pointin... | Automatic-tracking satellite dish | [
"Engineering"
] | 231 | [
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Satellite broadcasting"
] |
16,040,681 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald%20D.%20Macfarlane | Ronald D. Macfarlane (born February 21, 1933, Buffalo, New York) is distinguished professor of Chemistry at Texas A&M University. In 1991, he received the Inaugural Award of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry's Distinguished Achievement Award.
Early life and education
1954 University at Buffalo, New York - B... | Ronald D. Macfarlane | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 179 | [
"Biochemists",
"Mass spectrometry",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Mass spectrometrists"
] |
5,515,464 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina%20Henriette%20MacGillavry | Carolina Henriette MacGillavry (22 January 1904 in Amsterdam – 9 May 1993 in Amsterdam) was a Dutch chemist and crystallographer. She is known for her discoveries on the use of diffraction in crystallography.
Biography
MacGillavry (nicknamed "Mac") was born the second of six children in an intellectual family (her fat... | Carolina Henriette MacGillavry | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 632 | [
"Crystallographers",
"Crystallography"
] |
5,516,086 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ac%C3%A1mbaro%20figures | The Acámbaro figures are about 33,000 small ceramic figurines allegedly found by Waldemar Julsrud in July 1944, in the Mexican city of Acámbaro, Guanajuato. The figurines are said by some to resemble dinosaurs and are sometimes cited as anachronisms. Some young-Earth creationists have adduced the existence of figurines... | Acámbaro figures | [
"Biology"
] | 923 | [
"Creationism",
"Biology theories",
"Obsolete biology theories"
] |
5,516,188 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%20plane | In mathematics, the Moore plane, also sometimes called Niemytzki plane (or Nemytskii plane, Nemytskii's tangent disk topology), is a topological space. It is a completely regular Hausdorff space (that is, a Tychonoff space) that is not normal. It is an example of a Moore space that is not metrizable. It is named afte... | Moore plane | [
"Mathematics"
] | 553 | [
"Topological spaces",
"Mathematical structures",
"Topology",
"Space (mathematics)"
] |
5,516,588 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaze3D | Glaze3D was a family of graphics cards announced by BitBoys Oy on August 2, 1999, that would have produced substantially better performance than other consumer products available at the time. The family, which would have come in the Glaze3D 1200, Glaze3D 2400 and Glaze3D 4800 models, was supposed to offer full support ... | Glaze3D | [
"Technology"
] | 1,120 | [
"Computer industry",
"Vaporware"
] |
5,517,014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauke%20starling | The Mauke starling or mysterious starling (Aplonis mavornata) is an extinct species of starling found on the island of Mauke, Cook Islands. The binomen is the result of Buller's misreading of the name inornata on the specimen label. As he seems to have genuinely believed this spelling to be correct, the binomial, altho... | Mauke starling | [
"Biology"
] | 1,064 | [
"Individual organisms",
"Species known from a single specimen"
] |
5,517,287 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deconstructivism | Deconstructivism is a postmodern architectural movement which appeared in the 1980s. It gives the impression of the fragmentation of the constructed building, commonly characterised by an absence of obvious harmony, continuity, or symmetry. Its name is a portmanteau of Constructivism and "Deconstruction", a form of se... | Deconstructivism | [
"Engineering"
] | 4,403 | [
"Postmodern architecture",
"Design",
"Architectural design",
"Architecture"
] |
5,517,376 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphenosuchia | Sphenosuchia is a suborder of basal crocodylomorphs that first appeared in the Triassic and occurred into the Middle Jurassic. Most were small, gracile animals with an erect limb posture. They are now thought to be ancestral to crocodyliforms, a group which includes all living crocodilians.
Stratigraphic range
The ea... | Sphenosuchia | [
"Biology"
] | 453 | [
"Phylogenetics",
"Paraphyletic groups"
] |
5,517,534 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankford%20Avenue%20Bridge | The Frankford Avenue Bridge, also known as the Pennypack Creek Bridge, the Pennypack Bridge, the Holmesburg Bridge, and the King's Highway Bridge, erected in 1697 in the Holmesburg section of Northeast Philadelphia, in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania, is the oldest surviving roadway bridge in the United States. The thre... | Frankford Avenue Bridge | [
"Engineering"
] | 725 | [
"Civil engineering",
"Historic Civil Engineering Landmarks"
] |
5,517,556 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extension%20topology | In topology, a branch of mathematics, an extension topology is a topology placed on the disjoint union of a topological space and another set. There are various types of extension topology, described in the sections below.
Extension topology
Let X be a topological space and P a set disjoint from X. Consider in X ∪ P... | Extension topology | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 888 | [
"Mathematical structures",
"Space (mathematics)",
"Topological spaces",
"Topology",
"Space",
"Geometry",
"Spacetime"
] |
5,517,733 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied%20Mechanics%20Division | The Applied Mechanics Division (AMD) is a division in the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). The AMD was founded in 1927, with Stephen Timoshenko being the first chair. The current AMD membership is over 5000, out of about 90,000 members of the ASME. AMD is the largest of the six divisions in the ASME ... | Applied Mechanics Division | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,800 | [
"American Society of Mechanical Engineers",
"Mechanical engineering organizations"
] |
5,517,814 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Bartosh | Michael Bartosh (September 18, 1977 – June 11, 2006) was president and CTO of 4am Media, Inc, an Apple Certified Trainer, certified member of the Apple Consultants Network, published author and former systems engineer for Apple Computer. Previous to joining Apple full-time he had worked as an Apple campus rep (at Texas... | Michael Bartosh | [
"Technology"
] | 343 | [
"Computer systems engineers",
"Computer systems"
] |
5,517,983 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Period-after-opening%20symbol | The period-after-opening symbol or PAO symbol is a graphic symbol that identifies the useful lifetime of a cosmetic product after its package has been opened for the first time. It depicts an open cosmetics pot and is used together with a written number of months or years.
In the European Union, cosmetics products wit... | Period-after-opening symbol | [
"Mathematics"
] | 339 | [
"Symbols",
"Pictograms"
] |
5,518,314 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association%20for%20Computer%20Aided%20Design%20in%20Architecture | The Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture (ACADIA) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization active in the area of computer-aided architectural design (CAAD).
Mission statement
Begun in 1981, the organization's objectives are recorded in its bylaws:
"ACADIA was formed for the purpose of facilitating com... | Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture | [
"Engineering"
] | 737 | [
"Design",
"Architectural design",
"Architecture"
] |
5,518,587 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W.%20E.%20P.%20Duncan | Wilfred Eben Pinkerton Duncan (1897 – 28 January 1977) was an important figure in the early period of the Toronto Transit Commission's history.
He was born in Glasgow, Scotland, and graduated with a B.Sc. degree in engineering from Glasgow University. He emigrated to Canada and worked from 1910 to 1914 in the construc... | W. E. P. Duncan | [
"Engineering"
] | 330 | [
"Civil engineering",
"Civil engineering stubs"
] |
5,518,588 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1-Chloro-9%2C10-bis%28phenylethynyl%29anthracene | 1-Chloro-9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene is a fluorescent dye used in lightsticks. It emits yellow-green light, used in 30-minute high-intensity Cyalume sticks.
See also
9,10-Bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene
2-Chloro-9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene
References
Fluorescent dyes
Organic semiconductors
Anthracenes
Alkyn... | 1-Chloro-9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene | [
"Chemistry"
] | 115 | [
"Semiconductor materials",
"Molecular electronics",
"Organic semiconductors"
] |
5,518,616 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5%2C12-Bis%28phenylethynyl%29naphthacene | 5,12-Bis(phenylethynyl)naphthacene is a fluorescent dye used in lightsticks. It yields orange light.
See also
9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene
References
Fluorescent dyes
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Organic semiconductors
Alkyne derivatives | 5,12-Bis(phenylethynyl)naphthacene | [
"Chemistry"
] | 71 | [
"Semiconductor materials",
"Molecular electronics",
"Organic semiconductors"
] |
5,518,657 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bis%282%2C4%2C5-trichloro-6-%28pentyloxycarbonyl%29phenyl%29oxalate | Bis[2,4,5-trichloro-6-(pentyloxycarbonyl)phenyl]oxalate (also known as bis(2,4,5-trichloro-6-carbopentoxyphenyl) oxalate or CPPO) is an organic compound with the formula . A white solid, it is classified as a diester of oxalic acid. It is an active ingredient for the chemiluminescence in glowsticks. It can be synthe... | Bis(2,4,5-trichloro-6-(pentyloxycarbonyl)phenyl)oxalate | [
"Chemistry"
] | 329 | [
"Luminescence",
"Chemiluminescence"
] |
5,518,664 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcarnitine | Acetyl-L-carnitine, ALCAR or ALC, is an acetylated form of L-carnitine. It is naturally produced by the human body, and it is available as a dietary supplement. Acetylcarnitine is broken down in the blood by plasma esterases to carnitine which is used by the body to transport fatty acids into the mitochondria for break... | Acetylcarnitine | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 1,396 | [
"Salts of carboxylic acids",
"Anti-aging substances",
"Senescence",
"Salts"
] |
5,520,376 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shock%20factor | Shock factor is a commonly used figure of merit for estimating the amount of shock experienced by a naval target from an underwater explosion as a function of explosive charge weight, slant range, and depression angle (between vessel and charge).
R is the slant range in feet
W is the equivalent TNT charge weight i... | Shock factor | [
"Chemistry"
] | 465 | [
"Explosives",
"Explosions"
] |
5,520,917 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia%20over%20Coax%20Alliance | The Multimedia over Coax Alliance (MoCA) is an international standards consortium that publishes specifications for networking over coaxial cable. The technology was originally developed to distribute IP television in homes using existing cabling, but is now used as a general-purpose Ethernet link where it is inconveni... | Multimedia over Coax Alliance | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 965 | [
"Computer networking",
"Computer science",
"Computer engineering"
] |
5,521,022 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darwin%20Streaming%20Server | Darwin Streaming Server (DSS) was the first open sourced RTP/RTSP streaming server. It was released March 16, 1999 and is a fully featured RTSP/RTP media streaming server capable of streaming a variety of media types including H.264/MPEG-4 AVC, MPEG-4 Part 2 and 3GP.
Development
Developed by Apple, it is the open sou... | Darwin Streaming Server | [
"Technology"
] | 208 | [
"Multimedia",
"Streaming"
] |
5,521,184 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Academy%20of%20Engineering | The National Academy of Engineering (NAE) is an American nonprofit, non-governmental organization. It is part of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM), along with the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) and the National Academy of Medicine (NAM).
The NAE operates engineering programs aim... | National Academy of Engineering | [
"Engineering"
] | 5,700 | [
"United States National Academy of Engineering",
"National academies of engineering"
] |
5,521,498 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araucania%20%28wasp%29 | Araucania is an invalid genus of braconid wasps in the family Braconidae, found in South America. There are at least two described species in Araucania.
The valid genus Araucania Pate 1947, in the family Sapygidae, has nomenclatural precedence over the braconid name, published in 1993, so the latter name must be repla... | Araucania (wasp) | [
"Biology"
] | 130 | [
"Biological hypotheses",
"Controversial taxa"
] |
5,521,842 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superghost | In a supersymmetric quantum field theory, a superghost is a fermionic Faddeev–Popov ghost, which is used in the gauge fixing of a fermionic symmetry generator.
References
Supersymmetric quantum field theory
String theory | Superghost | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 55 | [
"Astronomical hypotheses",
"Supersymmetric quantum field theory",
"Theoretical physics",
"Quantum physics stubs",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Theoretical physics stubs",
"String theory",
"Supersymmetry",
"Symmetry"
] |
5,521,966 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super%20Virasoro%20algebra | In mathematical physics, a super Virasoro algebra is an extension of the Virasoro algebra (named after Miguel Ángel Virasoro) to a Lie superalgebra. There are two extensions with particular importance in superstring theory: the Ramond algebra (named after Pierre Ramond) and the Neveu–Schwarz algebra (named after André... | Super Virasoro algebra | [
"Astronomy"
] | 729 | [
"String theory",
"Astronomical hypotheses"
] |
585,577 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BESM-6 | BESM-6 (, short for Большая электронно-счётная машина, i.e. 'Large Electronic Calculating Machine') was a Soviet electronic computer of the BESM series.
Overview
The BESM-6 was the most well-known and influential model of the series designed at the Institute of Precision Mechanics and Computer Engineering. The design ... | BESM-6 | [
"Technology"
] | 672 | [
"Supercomputers",
"Supercomputing",
"Computer systems",
"Soviet computer systems"
] |
585,648 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modularity | Modularity is the degree to which a system's components may be separated and recombined, often with the benefit of flexibility and variety in use. The concept of modularity is used primarily to reduce complexity by breaking a system into varying degrees of interdependence and independence across and "hide the complexit... | Modularity | [
"Engineering"
] | 5,867 | [
"Design"
] |
585,710 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NUTS%20statistical%20regions%20of%20Sweden | In the NUTS (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) codes of Sweden (SE), the three levels are:
NUTS codes
SE SWEDEN (SVERIGE)
SE1 EAST SWEDEN (ÖSTRA SVERIGE)
SE11 Stockholm (Stockholm)
SE110 Stockholm County (Stockholms län)
SE12 East Middle Sweden (Östra Mellansverige)
SE121 Uppsala County (Uppsala län)
... | NUTS statistical regions of Sweden | [
"Mathematics"
] | 685 | [
"Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics",
"Statistical concepts",
"Statistical regions"
] |
585,797 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer-valued%20polynomial | In mathematics, an integer-valued polynomial (also known as a numerical polynomial) is a polynomial whose value is an integer for every integer n. Every polynomial with integer coefficients is integer-valued, but the converse is not true. For example, the polynomial
takes on integer values whenever t is an integer. ... | Integer-valued polynomial | [
"Mathematics"
] | 583 | [
"Discrete mathematics",
"Algebra",
"Polynomials",
"Ring theory",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Commutative algebra",
"Number theory"
] |
585,826 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invariant%20subspace | In mathematics, an invariant subspace of a linear mapping T : V → V i.e. from some vector space V to itself, is a subspace W of V that is preserved by T. More generally, an invariant subspace for a collection of linear mappings is a subspace preserved by each mapping individually.
For a single operator
Consider a v... | Invariant subspace | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,720 | [
"Linear algebra",
"Representation theory",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Algebra"
] |
585,842 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabot%20%28firearms%29 | A sabot (, ) is a supportive device used in firearm/artillery ammunitions to fit/patch around a projectile, such as a bullet/slug or a flechette-like projectile (such as a kinetic energy penetrator), and keep it aligned in the center of the barrel when fired. It allows a narrower projectile with high sectional density ... | Sabot (firearms) | [
"Physics"
] | 2,329 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Ballistics"
] |
585,887 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floor%20plan | In architecture and building engineering, a floor plan is a technical drawing to scale, showing a view from above, of the relationships between rooms, spaces, traffic patterns, and other physical features at one level of a structure.
Dimensions are usually drawn between the walls to specify room sizes and wall length... | Floor plan | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,033 | [
"Design engineering",
"Technical drawing",
"Civil engineering",
"Architectural terminology",
"Architecture"
] |
586,066 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballistic%20gelatin | Ballistic gelatin is a testing medium designed to simulate the effects of bullet wounds in animal muscle tissue. It was developed and improved by Martin Fackler and others in the field of wound ballistics. It is calibrated to match pig muscle, which is ballistically similar to human muscle tissue.
Ballistic gelatin is... | Ballistic gelatin | [
"Physics"
] | 1,397 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Ballistics"
] |
586,091 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabinoid%20receptor | Cannabinoid receptors, located throughout the body, are part of the endocannabinoid system of vertebrates a class of cell membrane receptors in the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. As is typical of G protein-coupled receptors, the cannabinoid receptors contain seven transmembrane spanning domains. Cannabinoid re... | Cannabinoid receptor | [
"Chemistry"
] | 2,060 | [
"G protein-coupled receptors",
"Signal transduction"
] |
586,191 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ES%20EVM | The ES EVM (, "Unified System of Electronic Computing Machines"), or YeS EVM, also known in English literature as the Unified System or Ryad (, "Series"), is a series of mainframe computers generally compatible with IBM's System/360 and System/370 mainframes, built in the Comecon countries under the initiative of the S... | ES EVM | [
"Technology"
] | 1,081 | [
"Computer systems",
"Soviet computer systems"
] |
586,253 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combination%20square | A combination square is a multi-purpose measuring and marking tool used in metalworking, woodworking, and stonemasonry. It is composed of a rule and one or more interchangeable heads that can be attached to the rule. Other names for the tool include adjustable square, combo square, and sliding square.
The most common ... | Combination square | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 916 | [
"Quantity",
"Dimensional instruments",
"Physical quantities",
"Size"
] |
586,307 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote%20surgery | Remote surgery (also known as cybersurgery or telesurgery) is the ability for a doctor to perform surgery on a patient even though they are not physically in the same location. It is a form of telepresence. A robot surgical system generally consists of one or more arms (controlled by the surgeon), a master controller... | Remote surgery | [
"Biology"
] | 1,813 | [
"Medical robotics",
"Medical technology"
] |
586,316 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Soviet%20computer%20systems | This is the list of Soviet computer systems. The Russian abbreviation EVM (ЭВМ), present in some of the names below, means "electronic computing machine" ().
List of hardware
The Russian abbreviation EVM (ЭВМ), present in some of the names below, means "electronic computing machine" ().
Ministry of Radio Technology... | List of Soviet computer systems | [
"Technology"
] | 1,488 | [
"Computing-related lists",
"Computer systems",
"Soviet computer systems"
] |
586,357 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial%20general%20intelligence | Artificial general intelligence (AGI) is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that matches or surpasses human cognitive capabilities across a wide range of cognitive tasks. This contrasts with narrow AI, which is limited to specific tasks. Artificial superintelligence (ASI), on the other hand, refers to AGI that grea... | Artificial general intelligence | [
"Mathematics"
] | 9,159 | [
"Unsolved problems in computer science",
"Unsolved problems in mathematics",
"Mathematical problems"
] |
586,599 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penning%20trap | A Penning trap is a device for the storage of charged particles using a homogeneous magnetic field and a quadrupole electric field. It is mostly found in the physical sciences and related fields of study for precision measurements of properties of ions and stable subatomic particles, like for example mass, fission yiel... | Penning trap | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,939 | [
"Molecular physics",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Instrumental analysis",
"Mass",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Measuring instruments",
"Particle traps",
"Mass spectrometry",
"Atomic physics",
" molecular",
"Atomic",
"Matter",
" and optical physics"
] |
586,694 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signed%20number%20representations | In computing, signed number representations are required to encode negative numbers in binary number systems.
In mathematics, negative numbers in any base are represented by prefixing them with a minus sign ("−"). However, in RAM or CPU registers, numbers are represented only as sequences of bits, without extra symbol... | Signed number representations | [
"Mathematics"
] | 3,000 | [
"Computer arithmetic",
"Arithmetic"
] |
586,699 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darwin%20Medal | The Darwin Medal is one of the medals awarded by the Royal Society for "distinction in evolution, biological diversity and developmental, population and organismal biology".
In 1885, International Darwin Memorial Fund was transferred to the Royal Society. The fund was devoted for promotion of biological research, and ... | Darwin Medal | [
"Technology"
] | 416 | [
"Science and technology awards",
"Biology awards"
] |
586,735 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeobatrachia | Archaeobatrachia (Neo-Latin archaeo- ("old") + batrachia ("frog")) is a suborder of the order Anura containing various primitive frogs and toads. As the name suggests, these are the most primitive frogs. Many of the species (28 in total) show certain physiological characteristics which are not present in other frogs an... | Archaeobatrachia | [
"Biology"
] | 169 | [
"Phylogenetics",
"Paraphyletic groups"
] |
586,817 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass%20spectrum | A mass spectrum is a histogram plot of intensity vs. mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) in a chemical sample, usually acquired using an instrument called a mass spectrometer. Not all mass spectra of a given substance are the same; for example, some mass spectrometers break the analyte molecules into fragments; others observe t... | Mass spectrum | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 1,789 | [
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Instrumental analysis",
"Mass",
"Mass spectrometry",
"Matter"
] |
586,918 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce%20Medal | The Catherine Wolfe Bruce Gold Medal is awarded every year by the Astronomical Society of the Pacific for outstanding lifetime contributions to astronomy. It is named after Catherine Wolfe Bruce, an American patroness of astronomy, and was first awarded in 1898.
List of Bruce Medalists
Source: Astronomical Society of... | Bruce Medal | [
"Astronomy",
"Technology"
] | 875 | [
"Astronomical Society of the Pacific",
"Astronomy education",
"Astronomy prizes",
"Science and technology awards"
] |
586,931 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine%20Wolfe%20Bruce | Catherine Wolfe Bruce (January 22, 1816, New York – March 13, 1900, New York) was a noted American philanthropist and patron of astronomy.
Early life
Bruce was born on January 22, 1816. She was the daughter of the George Bruce (1781–1866), a famous type founder who was born in Edinburgh, and Catherine Wolfe (1785–1861... | Catherine Wolfe Bruce | [
"Astronomy"
] | 564 | [
"People associated with astronomy"
] |
586,963 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoothbore | A smoothbore weapon is one that has a barrel without rifling. Smoothbores range from handheld firearms to powerful tank guns and large artillery mortars.
History
Early firearms had smoothly bored barrels that fired projectiles without significant spin. To minimize inaccuracy-inducing tumbling during flight, their pr... | Smoothbore | [
"Technology"
] | 978 | [
"Artillery components",
"Components"
] |
587,106 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava%20flow%20%28programming%29 | In computer programming jargon, lava flow is an anti-pattern that occurs when computer source code written under sub-optimal conditions is deployed into a production environment and subsequently expanded upon while still in a developmental state. The term derives from the natural occurrence of lava which, once cooled, ... | Lava flow (programming) | [
"Technology"
] | 385 | [
"Computer science",
"Anti-patterns",
"Computing stubs",
"Computer science stubs"
] |
587,163 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-time%20correction | Light-time correction is a displacement in the apparent position of a celestial object from its true position (or geometric position) caused by the object's motion during the time it takes its light to reach an observer.
Light-time correction occurs in principle during the observation of any moving object, because the... | Light-time correction | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy",
"Mathematics"
] | 540 | [
"Physical quantities",
"Time",
"Time stubs",
"Quantity",
"Astrometry",
"Spacetime",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities",
"Astronomical sub-disciplines"
] |
587,173 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20house%20styles | This list of house styles lists styles of vernacular architecture – i.e., outside any academic tradition – used in the design of houses.
African
Asian
South American
Mediterranean, Spanish, Italian
Neoclassical
Elizabethan and Tudor
Colonial
French and Canadian
Victorian and Queen Anne
American
Indian
Centr... | List of house styles | [
"Engineering"
] | 75 | [
"Design-related lists",
"Design"
] |
587,247 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical%20planet | A classical planet is an astronomical object that is visible to the naked eye and moves across the sky and its backdrop of fixed stars (the common stars which seem still in contrast to the planets). Visible to humans on Earth there are seven classical planets (the seven luminaries). They are from brightest to dimmest: ... | Classical planet | [
"Astronomy"
] | 1,776 | [
"Ancient astronomy",
"Outer space",
"Solar System",
"History of astronomy"
] |
587,271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torsion%20spring | A torsion spring is a spring that works by twisting its end along its axis; that is, a flexible elastic object that stores mechanical energy when it is twisted. When it is twisted, it exerts a torque in the opposite direction, proportional to the amount (angle) it is twisted. There are various types:
A torsion bar is ... | Torsion spring | [
"Physics"
] | 2,432 | [
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities",
"Force",
"Physical quantities",
"Torque"
] |
587,339 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit%20diagram | A circuit diagram (or: wiring diagram, electrical diagram, elementary diagram, electronic schematic) is a graphical representation of an electrical circuit. A pictorial circuit diagram uses simple images of components, while a schematic diagram shows the components and interconnections of the circuit using standardized... | Circuit diagram | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,362 | [
"Electronic design",
"Electronic engineering",
"Design",
"Electrical diagrams"
] |
587,654 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speculum%20metal | Speculum metal is a mixture of around two-thirds copper and one-third tin, making a white brittle alloy that can be polished to make a highly reflective surface. It was used historically to make different kinds of mirrors from personal grooming aids to optical devices until it was replaced by more modern materials such... | Speculum metal | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 1,454 | [
"Copper alloys",
"Materials",
"Optical materials",
"Alloys",
"Matter"
] |
587,678 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerve%20complex | In topology, the nerve complex of a set family is an abstract complex that records the pattern of intersections between the sets in the family. It was introduced by Pavel Alexandrov and now has many variants and generalisations, among them the Čech nerve of a cover, which in turn is generalised by hypercoverings. It ca... | Nerve complex | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,121 | [
"Combinatorics",
"Basic concepts in set theory",
"Topology",
"Space",
"Families of sets",
"Simplicial sets",
"Geometry",
"Spacetime"
] |
587,698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure%20copy%20protocol | Secure copy protocol (SCP) is a means of securely transferring computer files between a local host and a remote host or between two remote hosts. It is based on the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol. "SCP" commonly refers to both the Secure Copy Protocol and the program itself.
According to OpenSSH developers in April 2019,... | Secure copy protocol | [
"Mathematics",
"Technology"
] | 1,111 | [
"Windows commands",
"Cryptographic software",
"Computing commands",
"Mathematical software"
] |
587,884 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UMAX%20Technologies | UMAX Technologies (), originally known as UMAX Computer Corporation, is a manufacturer of computer products, including scanners, mice, and flash drives, based in Taiwan. The company also uses the Yamada and Vaova brand names.
History
UMAX was formerly a maker of Apple Macintosh clones, using the SuperMac brand name o... | UMAX Technologies | [
"Technology"
] | 1,111 | [
"Computer hardware companies",
"Computers"
] |
587,970 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clopidogrel | Clopidogrel, sold under the brand name Plavix among others, is an antiplatelet medication used to reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke in those at high risk. It is also used together with aspirin in heart attacks and following the placement of a coronary artery stent (dual antiplatelet therapy). It is taken by m... | Clopidogrel | [
"Chemistry"
] | 4,818 | [
"Chemicals in medicine",
"Prodrugs"
] |
588,001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waste%20treatment | Waste treatment refers to the activities required to ensure that waste has the least practicable impact on the environment. In many countries various forms of waste treatment are required by law.
Solid waste treatment
The treatment of solid wastes is a key component of waste management. Different forms of solid waste... | Waste treatment | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 212 | [
"Water treatment",
"Waste treatment technology",
"Environmental engineering"
] |
588,004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater%20treatment | Wastewater treatment is a process which removes and eliminates contaminants from wastewater. It thus converts it into an effluent that can be returned to the water cycle. Once back in the water cycle, the effluent creates an acceptable impact on the environment. It is also possible to reuse it. This process is called w... | Wastewater treatment | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 1,148 | [
"Chemical engineering",
"Water pollution",
"Civil engineering",
"Environmental engineering"
] |
588,168 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SM%20EVM | SM EVM (СМ ЭВМ, abbreviation of Система Малых ЭВМ—literally System of Mini Computers) are several types of Soviet and Comecon minicomputers produced from 1975 through the 1980s.
Most types of SM EVM are clones of DEC PDP-11 and VAX. SM-1 and SM-2 are clones of Hewlett-Packard minicomputers.
The common operating syste... | SM EVM | [
"Technology"
] | 202 | [
"Computer systems",
"Soviet computer systems"
] |
588,193 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MOS%20%28operating%20system%29 | Mobile Operating System (MOS; ) is an operating system, a Soviet clone of Unix from the 1980s.
Overview
This operating system is commonly found on SM EVM minicomputers; it was also ported to ES EVM and Elbrus. MOS is also used by high-end PDP-11 clones.
Modifications of MOS include MNOS, DEMOS, , etc.
See also
List... | MOS (operating system) | [
"Technology"
] | 96 | [
"Operating system stubs",
"Computing stubs",
"Computing in the Soviet Union",
"History of computing"
] |
588,196 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landscape%20design | Landscape design is an independent profession and a design and art tradition, practiced by landscape designers, combining nature and culture. In contemporary practice, landscape design bridges the space between landscape architecture and garden design.
Design scope
Landscape design focuses on both the integrated ma... | Landscape design | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,037 | [
"Environmental design",
"Design",
"Landscape architecture",
"Architecture"
] |
588,255 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green%20gross%20domestic%20product | The green gross domestic product (green GDP or GGDP) is an index of economic growth with the environmental consequences of that growth factored into a country's conventional GDP. Green GDP monetizes the loss of biodiversity, and accounts for costs caused by climate change. Some environmental experts prefer physical ind... | Green gross domestic product | [
"Environmental_science"
] | 3,253 | [
"Environmental social science concepts",
"Environmental social science"
] |
588,260 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kakeya%20set | In mathematics, a Kakeya set, or Besicovitch set, is a set of points in Euclidean space which contains a unit line segment in every direction. For instance, a disk of radius 1/2 in the Euclidean plane, or a ball of radius 1/2 in three-dimensional space, forms a Kakeya set. Much of the research in this area has studied ... | Kakeya set | [
"Mathematics"
] | 3,073 | [
"Discrete geometry",
"Eponyms in geometry",
"Discrete mathematics",
"Geometry"
] |
588,330 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardening%20%28computing%29 | In computer security, hardening is usually the process of securing a system by reducing its attack surface, which is larger when a system performs more functions; in principle a single-function system is more secure than a multipurpose one. Reducing available ways of attack typically includes changing default passwords... | Hardening (computing) | [
"Engineering"
] | 373 | [
"Cybersecurity engineering",
"Computer security procedures"
] |
588,441 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trolling%20motor | A trolling motor is a self-contained marine propulsion unit that includes an electric motor, propeller and control system, and is affixed to an angler's boat, either at the bow or stern. A gasoline-powered outboard used in trolling, if it is not the vessel's primary source of propulsion, may also be referred to as a tr... | Trolling motor | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 860 | [
"Marine engines",
"Marine propulsion",
"Engines",
"Marine engineering"
] |
588,622 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pregnancy%20category | The pregnancy category of a medication is an assessment of the risk of fetal injury due to the pharmaceutical, if it is used as directed by the mother during pregnancy. It does not include any risks conferred by pharmaceutical agents or their metabolites in breast milk.
Every drug has specific information listed in it... | Pregnancy category | [
"Chemistry"
] | 876 | [
"Pharmacological classification systems",
"Pharmacology"
] |
588,652 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chylomicron | Chylomicrons (from the Greek χυλός, chylos, meaning juice (of plants or animals), and micron, meaning small), also known as ultra low-density lipoproteins (ULDL), are lipoprotein particles that consist of triglycerides (85–92%), phospholipids (6–12%), cholesterol (1–3%), and proteins (1–2%). They transport dietary lipi... | Chylomicron | [
"Chemistry"
] | 2,064 | [
"Lipid biochemistry",
"Lipoproteins"
] |
588,689 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20rail%20accidents%20%282000%E2%80%932009%29 | This is a list of rail accidents from 2000 to 2009. For a list of terrorist incidents involving trains, see List of terrorist incidents involving railway systems.
2000
January 4 – Norway – Åsta accident, Åsta in Åmot: Two diesel passenger trains collided in Rørosbanen killing 19. The fire after the collision lasted ... | List of rail accidents (2000–2009) | [
"Technology"
] | 11,021 | [
"Railway accidents and incidents",
"Lists of railway accidents and incidents"
] |
588,886 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorate | Chlorate is the common name of the anion, whose chlorine atom is in the +5 oxidation state. The term can also refer to chemical compounds containing this anion, with chlorates being the salts of chloric acid. Other oxyanions of chlorine can be named "chlorate" followed by a Roman numeral in parentheses denoting the ox... | Chlorate | [
"Chemistry"
] | 909 | [
"Chlorates",
"Salts"
] |
589,225 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bimetallic%20strip | A bimetallic strip or bimetal strip is a strip that consists of two strips of different metals which expand at different rates as they are heated. They are used to convert a temperature change into mechanical displacement. The different expansions force the flat strip to bend one way if heated, and in the opposite dire... | Bimetallic strip | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,743 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Metallurgy",
"Engineering thermodynamics",
"Measuring instruments",
"Bimetal",
"Thermodynamics",
"Mechanical engineering",
"Thermometers"
] |
589,277 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Huggins | Sir William Huggins (7 February 1824 – 12 May 1910) was a British astronomer best known for his pioneering work in astronomical spectroscopy together with his wife, Margaret.
Biography
William Huggins was born at Cornhill, Middlesex, in 1824. In 1875, he married Margaret Lindsay, daughter of John Murray of Dublin, wh... | William Huggins | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 1,180 | [
"Physical chemists",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Analytical chemists",
"Spectroscopists",
"Spectroscopy"
] |
589,286 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%20bond | In chemistry, pi bonds (π bonds) are covalent chemical bonds, in each of which two lobes of an orbital on one atom overlap with two lobes of an orbital on another atom, and in which this overlap occurs laterally. Each of these atomic orbitals has an electron density of zero at a shared nodal plane that passes through t... | Pi bond | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 920 | [
"Chemical bonding",
"Condensed matter physics",
"nan"
] |
589,303 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular%20orbital%20theory | In chemistry, molecular orbital theory (MO theory or MOT) is a method for describing the electronic structure of molecules using quantum mechanics. It was proposed early in the 20th century. The MOT explains the paramagnetic nature of O2, which valence bond theory cannot explain.
In molecular orbital theory, electrons... | Molecular orbital theory | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 3,107 | [
"Quantum chemistry",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Theoretical chemistry",
"Condensed matter physics",
" molecular",
"nan",
"Atomic",
"Chemical bonding",
" and optical physics"
] |
589,307 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Christophe%20Yoccoz | Jean-Christophe Yoccoz (29 May 1957 – 3 September 2016) was a French mathematician. He was awarded a Fields Medal in 1994, for his work on dynamical systems. Yoccoz died on 3 September 2016 at the age of 59.
Biography
Yoccoz attended the Lycée Louis-le-Grand, during which time he was a silver medalist at the 1973 Inte... | Jean-Christophe Yoccoz | [
"Mathematics"
] | 581 | [
"Dynamical systems theorists",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
589,488 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perxenate | In chemistry, perxenates are salts of the yellow xenon-containing anion . This anion has octahedral molecular geometry, as determined by Raman spectroscopy, having O–Xe–O bond angles varying between 87° and 93°. The Xe–O bond length was determined by X-ray crystallography to be 1.875 Å.
Synthesis
Perxenates are synt... | Perxenate | [
"Chemistry"
] | 688 | [
"Salts"
] |
589,503 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenon%20tetroxide | Xenon tetroxide is a chemical compound of xenon and oxygen with molecular formula XeO4, remarkable for being a relatively stable compound of a noble gas. It is a yellow crystalline solid that is stable below −35.9 °C; above that temperature it is very prone to exploding and decomposing into elemental xenon and oxygen (... | Xenon tetroxide | [
"Chemistry"
] | 594 | [
"Inorganic compounds",
"Oxides",
"Salts"
] |
589,516 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual%20maturity | Sexual maturity is the capability of an organism to reproduce. In humans, it is related to both puberty and adulthood. Puberty is the biological process of sexual maturation, while adulthood, the condition of being socially recognized as an independent person capable of giving consent and taking responsibility, gener... | Sexual maturity | [
"Biology"
] | 631 | [
"Behavior",
"Sex",
"Reproduction",
"Biological interactions",
"Sexual reproduction",
"Sexuality"
] |
589,548 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prothrombin%20time | The prothrombin time (PT) – along with its derived measures of prothrombin ratio (PR) and international normalized ratio (INR) – is an assay for evaluating the extrinsic pathway and common pathway of coagulation. This blood test is also called protime INR and PT/INR. They are used to determine the clotting tendency of ... | Prothrombin time | [
"Chemistry"
] | 2,901 | [
"Blood tests",
"Chemical pathology"
] |
1,539,826 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzhou%20numerals | The Suzhou numerals, also known as (), is a numeral system used in China before the introduction of Hindu numerals. The Suzhou numerals are also known as (), (), (), () and ().
History
The Suzhou numeral system is the only surviving variation of the rod numeral system. The rod numeral system is a positional num... | Suzhou numerals | [
"Mathematics"
] | 953 | [
"Numeral systems",
"Numerals",
"Mathematical objects",
"Numbers"
] |
1,539,909 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrotatory%20and%20disrotatory | In organic chemistry, an electrocyclic reaction can either be classified as conrotatory or disrotatory based on the rotation at each end of the molecule. In conrotatory mode, both atomic orbitals of the end groups turn in the same direction (such as both atomic orbitals rotating clockwise or counter-clockwise). In dis... | Conrotatory and disrotatory | [
"Chemistry"
] | 627 | [
"Physical organic chemistry"
] |
1,539,973 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overlapping%20generations%20model | The overlapping generations (OLG) model is one of the dominating frameworks of analysis in the study of macroeconomic dynamics and economic growth. In contrast to the Ramsey–Cass–Koopmans neoclassical growth model in which individuals are infinitely-lived, in the OLG model individuals live a finite length of time, long... | Overlapping generations model | [
"Physics"
] | 1,677 | [
"Spacetime",
"Economics and time",
"Physical quantities",
"Time"
] |
1,540,070 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob%20Palis |
Jacob Palis Jr. (born 15 March 1940) is a Brazilian mathematician and professor. Palis' research interests are mainly dynamical systems and differential equations. Some themes are global stability and hyperbolicity, bifurcations, attractors and chaotic systems.
Biography
Jacob Palis was born in Uberaba, Minas Gerais.... | Jacob Palis | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,369 | [
"Dynamical systems theorists",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
1,540,093 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Federation%20of%20Chemical%2C%20Energy%2C%20Mine%20and%20General%20Workers%27%20Unions | The International Federation of Chemical, Energy, Mine and General Workers' Unions (ICEM) was a global union federation of trade unions. As of November 2007, ICEM represented 467 industrial trade unions in 132 countries, claiming a membership of over 20 million workers.
History
The federation was founded in 1995 in W... | International Federation of Chemical, Energy, Mine and General Workers' Unions | [
"Chemistry"
] | 640 | [
"Chemical industry trade unions"
] |
1,540,172 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research%20vessel | A research vessel (RV or R/V) is a ship or boat designed, modified, or equipped to carry out research at sea. Research vessels carry out a number of roles. Some of these roles can be combined into a single vessel but others require a dedicated vessel. Due to the demanding nature of the work, research vessels may be con... | Research vessel | [
"Technology",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 996 | [
"Hydrography",
"Hydrology",
"Oceanographic instrumentation",
"Measuring instruments"
] |
1,540,206 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3C%2048 | 3C48 is a quasar discovered in 1960; it was the second source conclusively identified as such.
3C48 was the first source in the Third Cambridge Catalogue of Radio Sources for which an optical identification was found by Allan Sandage and Thomas A. Matthews in 1960 through interferometry.
In 1963 Jesse L. Greenstein an... | 3C 48 | [
"Astronomy"
] | 441 | [
"Triangulum",
"Constellations"
] |
1,540,218 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrene | In chemistry, a nitrene or imene () is the nitrogen analogue of a carbene. The nitrogen atom is uncharged and monovalent, so it has only 6 electrons in its valence level—two covalent bonded and four non-bonded electrons. It is therefore considered an electrophile due to the unsatisfied octet. A nitrene is a reactive in... | Nitrene | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 1,392 | [
"Free radicals",
"Functional groups",
"Octet-deficient functional groups",
"Organic compounds",
"Senescence",
"Biomolecules",
"Physical organic chemistry",
"Reactive intermediates"
] |
1,540,333 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perron%E2%80%93Frobenius%20theorem | In matrix theory, the Perron–Frobenius theorem, proved by and , asserts that a real square matrix with positive entries has a unique eigenvalue of largest magnitude and that eigenvalue is real. The corresponding eigenvector can be chosen to have strictly positive components, and also asserts a similar statement for c... | Perron–Frobenius theorem | [
"Mathematics"
] | 8,520 | [
"Theorems in algebra",
"Theorems in linear algebra"
] |
1,540,704 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equation%20of%20state%20%28cosmology%29 | In cosmology, the equation of state of a perfect fluid is characterized by a dimensionless number , equal to the ratio of its pressure to its energy density :
It is closely related to the thermodynamic equation of state and ideal gas law.
The equation
The perfect gas equation of state may be written as
where is ... | Equation of state (cosmology) | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 791 | [
"Astronomical sub-disciplines",
"Equations of physics",
"Theoretical physics",
"Astrophysics",
"Statistical mechanics",
"Equations of state",
"Physical cosmology"
] |
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