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GURUNANAK DEV LIFEANDTEACIllNGS By _ PROF KARTAR SINGH LAHORE BOOKSHOP 2 LAJPAT RAIMARKET LUDHIANA2008 Published 2 LajpatRaiMarket NearSocietyCinema Ludhiana LaserCaligrapher 4 ShivajiPark Jalandhar SartajPrintingPress JoshiEstate TandaRoad Jalandhar City CONTENTS CHAPfER 1 3 BirthandChildhood 4 5 II 6 7 TheSacrificial Thread 8 HisUniqueSecularOccupations 9 HealsthePhysician 10 TheGoodBargain 11 LifeatSullanpur 12 TheCall 13 TheResponse 14 ExaltstheLowly 15 Talwandi andTulamba 16 AtPakpattan withSheikBrahm 17 18 AtPanipatandDelhi 19 AtHardwar 20 Ajudhia Paryag Benares 21 AtGaya 22 SalisRaitheJewellerofPallia 23 Redemption ofNurShah 24 AtJagannath Puri 25 Rohikhand Sultanpur Talwandi 26 WithSheikhBrahmAgain 27 ALeperHealed 28 Sultanpur KiriPathanan Saidpur 29 HamzaGausandMulaKarar 30 MainMithaPAGE 1 9 17 22 29 33 36 41 46 51 ro 89 96 102 107 111 116 120 123 128 137 142 148 153 156 loo 16531 DuniChandandKatona 170 32 AtKartarpur 176 33 179 34 JainPriestsandPirMakhdum 35 Kanda theCannibal 187 36 RajaShivnabh ofCeylon 37 197 BharthriJogi 38 202 39 Brahmdas of 205 40 Lake 211 41 217 42 222 43 44 233 45 236 46 SettlesatKartarpur 248 47 SchalBataIaandMultan 250 48 AtHometoAllMankind 257 49 BabaBuddha MuslimPirs 261 SO ReturntotheEternalHome 266 51 Recapitulation Z75 52 Glimpses 281 53 TheReligionofGuruNanak 295 305 Miracles 3fJ7CHAPTER I Mterabriefdescription oftheevilswhichprevailed inIndia particularly in Lordheardtheanguished cry andso Nowhatwasthatanguished otherwords whatweretheillsandevils andwhatwerethewrongstocombat andmendorend whichGodtheBeneficent Fatherofhumanity deputedGuru Nanaktolive toil Indeed foraproperand intelligent understanding ofthecontentandsignificance teachings andforajustappreciation oftheaudacious magnitude ofthework whichheundertook andperformed itisessential thatweshouldhavea knowledge ofthetimesinwhichhelived theconditions underwhichhe worked wasaddressed | [
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Weshouldknowthemoral socialandreligious condition of thepeople their economic andpoliticalstatus andthemutualattitudeofthe rulersandtheruled IndiaatthattimewasmostlyundertheMuslimrule Nominally the SultanofDelhiwastheEmperor ofIndia Butactually thecountrywas dividedupamongseveralgovernors whowerequiteindependent intheir ownprovinces | [
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Everyoneofthemdidwithfreedomandimpunity whathe considered toberightinaccordance orhisown conception ofmorality justice andtheological laws Therulersandtheir agentsandofficials bigandsmall werelicentious andhaughtydespotswho roderoughshod onthesubjects | [
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GuruNanakdepictstheircharaCter and conductinsomeexpressive words whichmaybetranslated aredogs VarMalar thekingsarebutchers justicehastakenwingslindflown Inthiscompletely darknightofutterfalsehood themoonoftruthisnever seentorise 2 GURUNANAK Ihavebecomeperplexed inmysearch Intheutterdarkness Ifmdnoway VarMajh ReligionandJihad orexertionforthesakeofreligion hadcometobe usedasareadyexcuse andthorough justification forallsortsofirreligious actsoftorture oppression andtyranny particularly againsttheHindus Tounderstand thecharacteristics oftheMuslimrule itwillbebetter togiveabriefaccountoftheriseofIslamanditsspreadinIndia Toquote SM Latif ArabofthetribeofQuraish whoannounced tohiscountrymen adivine revelation whichhewascommanded topromulgate withthe sword Muhammadpropagated hisreligionwiththesword saidhe Adropofbloodshedinthecause ofGod anightspentinarms isofmoreavailtotheFaithful thantwo monthsoffastingandprayer inJihadorholywar went straightofheaven Inparadise nymphsoffascinating beautyimpatiently waitedtogreethisfirstapproach | [
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Therethegallantmartyrslivedforevera lifeofblissandpleasure freefromsorrowsandliabletonoinconvenience fromexcessinindulgence | [
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Theywouldpossessthousands ofbeautiful slavesandgethousesfurnished withsplendid gardensandwithallthe luxuriesoflifetolivein Suchliberalpromises offuturepleasure addedtoan immediate prospectofrichesandwealth wereenoughtokindlethefrenzy ofthedesertpopulation ofArabia Theirmartialspiritwasarousedandtheir sensualpassions 1Theyoverranallneighbouring countries Everywhere theysatisfied andriches andtheirhighlyinflamed sensualpassions | [
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Rapeandrapine fire andmurder markedtheircourse Theywerenotslowtoenjoyonearththe sensualpleasures whichtheirexertions madethementitledtoinparadise InIndiatheMuhammadan enthcentury Herworstwoesbeganfromthosedays Herwealthwascarried offbyforeigninvaders | [
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Thousands ofhersonsanddaughters weredriven awaytoserveasslavestothegreed lustandpassions oftheconquerors Thesecampaigns were nodoubt 1 S M Latif HistoryofthePunjab pp 3 HavingbeenassuredbytheirProphet ersshedseasofbloodasanactoffaith andinconfident hopesofwinning andsecuring seatsinparadise naticism whichregarded thedestruction nentlypleasing toGod madethemabsolutely pitiless 1AftertheArabian conquerors came theAfghanplunderers | [
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TheraidsofMabmud ofGhazni spreadveritable ruinandhorrorintheland Othersfollowed him Temples weredestroyed andidolswerebrokenandtrampled andlibraries wereburnt houseswereplundered womenwereraped such Hindusasofferedtheleastresistance orgaveeventhefeeblestventtoany resentment wereputtotheswordexultingly women Aftercenturies ofsuchraidsforplunder pleasureanddevastation the Muhammadan invaders resolved toestablish haustible wealthandpleasures | [
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TheMuhammadan occupation oftheland anditsattendant conversion atthepointofsword forcedonthepeoplea foreign despotic ruleandaforeignculture ThePunjabwasthefirsttobe conquered | [
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Theproselytizing zealoftheconquerors onlyincreased withtheir conquests | [
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Invaders cameinquicksuccession | [
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ries thisstruggleforsuzerainty washotandfurious Halfadozendynasties triedtobecomeSultansofDelhi Butallofthemfailedtoestablish anything likeasettledgovernment Whatever swaytheyhadwaslimitedtoasmall territoryroundaboutthecapital Therestofthecountrywasinthehandsof independent Nawabs whowerealawuntothemselves | [
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Miserable indeed wasthecondition ofthepeopleduringthisperiod TheHindussufferedthe most Belowaregivenafewexamples ofthetreatment oftheHindusbythe Muhammadan conquerors andrulersofIndia culledbyMacauliffe fromthe writingsofsomeMuhammadan historians Twarikh byibnAsir itisrecorded Kingof Ghazni thevirtualfounderoftheMuhammadan D 1 V A Smith IndiaintheMohammadan Period p 257 4 GURUNANAK | [
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putPrithviRaj KingofAjmerandDelhi todeathincoldblood He massacred thousands oftheinhabitants ofAjmerandreserved theremainder forslavery AtBenaras too theslaughter oftheHinduswasimmense | [
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None weresparedexceptwomenandchildrenwhowereledintoslavery andthe carnageofthemenwascarriedonuntil asithasbeensaid theearthgrew wearyofthemonotony D theHindutemplesinMeerutand erectedmosques ontheirsites InthecityofKoil nowcalledAligarh he converted theHinduinhabitants toIslambythesword andbeheaded allwho adheredtotheirreligion | [
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InKalinjarhedestroyed onehundredandthirteen temples builtmosques ontheirsites massacred overonelakhHindus and madeslavesofaboutfiftythousand more Itissaidthattheplacebecame blackaspitchwiththedecomposing bodiesoftheHindus itisstatedthatwhenMuhammad Bakhtyar Khiljiconquered Bihar heputtoswordaboutonelakhBrahmins andburntavaluablelibraryofancientSanskritbooks that captured thecityofCambayat atthe headofthegulfofCambay hekilledtheadultmaleHinduinhabitants forthe gloryofIslam setflowingseasofblood sentthewomenofthecountrywith alltheirgold silver andjewels tohisownhome andmadeabouttwenty thousand maidenshisprivateslaves onceaskedhisQaziwhattheMuhammadan lawprescribed for Hinduswas TheQazireplied fromthem theyought tooffergold hammadan theHindushouldopenitwide forthepurpose | [
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GodcreatedHindustobesalvesoftheMuhammadans | [
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The Prophethathordained that iftheHindusdonotacceptIsiam theyshouldbe imprisoned tortured andfinallyputtodeath andtheirproperty confiscated thatwhenthe Emperor tookthecityofBhilsa inBhopal hedestroyed allitsHindutemples tookawaytheiridols placedtheminfront ofhisfort andhadthemdailybathedwiththebloodofathousand Hindus 1 LSummarised SikhReligion vol i Introduction 5 whohadbuiltanewtemple tobeexecuted payingJizya inaMusalman country AftertheTughlaks cametheSayyidsandtheLodhis Allofthemwere fiercebigots too offerlittlebutscenesofbloodshed tyranny andtreachery 1 ThisbringsustothetimesinwhichGuruNanakwasborn Behlol D Bythetimethatihe Gurugrewtomanhood Sikandar D thethrone Underhim thestateassumed athoroughly terandofficially imposed IslamontheHindus totheMubomedan religion andmadeapointofdestroying allHindu templesandplacesoflearning | [
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Toaholymanwhosaidthattointerfere withthereligionofthesubjectswasnotproperforaking Sikandar inghissword said doyoumaintain thepropriety oftheHindu AhmadKhan theGovernor ofLucknow causehehad viewingthemoralpractices oftheHindus cutethem ABrahman whosenamewasBoodban beingupraided by someMubomedans onaccountofhisfaith maintained thatallreligions ifsincerely practised wereequallyacceptable toGod Sikandar summoned himtodefendhisopinioninhispresence againstoveradozenMuhomedan 1 A Smith IndiaintheMohamlrUUkln Periodp 250 2 IshwariPrasad HistoryofMedieval India p 481 ReadalsowhatElphinstone writesinthisconnection India Hedestroyed thetemplesinthetownsandfortsthathetookfromHindus andheforbadethepeopletoperformpilgrimages andbathingoncertainfestivals atplacesonthesacredstreamswithinhisowndominions | [
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Ononeoccasion he foraBrahmin havingbeenactivein propagating thedoctrine ifsincerely practised wereequally acceptable hesummoned himtodefendhisopinion inhispresence againsttwelveMuhomedan andonhisrefusing torenounce histolerant maxims HistoryofIndia p 410 6 GURUNANAK divines Aftermanyarguments thelearnedmenwereoftheopinionthat unlesstheinfidel whomaintained theHinduworship ceptable toGodasthatoftheTrueFaith renounced hiserrorandadopted theMuhomedan religion heoughttosufferdeath TheHindurefusedto apostatise andwasaccordingly executed whiletheMussalman doctors wererewarded withgifts Lodhiand wastorturedbyhim Wehavetoremember asSmithcallshim thatGuruNanakbeganhiscrusadeagainstthe tyrannyofirresponsible bigotsandautocrats andthecorruptpractices of Islam anddeclaredfromthehousetops thatallhumanbeingswerethesons ofthesameFatherand hence equalinallrespects in political rightsasinreligious Asweshallsee GuruNanakwas whoinformed hismajestythatafaqir whosetenetsweredifferent from thoseoftheQuranandtheVedas wasopenlypreaching tothepeople and theimportance whichhewasassuming might intheend proveseriousto thestate Ithasbeenseen onthetestimony ofaMuslimwriterthatitwas religious fanaticism aswellasadesireforplunderandsensualsatisfaction thathadprompted theMuslims toinvadeIndia Whenestablished here theirofficially avowedpolicywasthepropagation ofIslam allwaysandmeans howeverunholy weredeemed properandjustified | [
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Persecution oppression bribery economic caldisabilities andallotherconceivable meanswereemployed toforcethe Hindustoforsaketheirreligion | [
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InthetheoryofMuslimStatetheinfidels hadnoplace GodwastheSupreme Lord TheMuhammadan kingwasHis Deputyonearth Assuch itwashisdutytospread asfaraslayinhis power thereligionofGodasproclaimed bytheProphet Allotherreligions werefalseand hence notworthytolive NodissentfromIslamwastobe tolerated | [
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