Instruction stringlengths 45 106 | input_code stringlengths 1 13.7k | output_code stringlengths 1 13.7k |
|---|---|---|
Generate an equivalent C# version of this C++ code. | #include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include "Poco/MD5Engine.h"
#include "Poco/DigestStream.h"
using Poco::DigestEngine ;
using Poco::MD5Engine ;
using Poco::DigestOutputStream ;
int main( ) {
std::string myphrase ( "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog's back" ) ;
MD5Engine md5 ;
DigestOutputStream outstr( md5 ) ;
outstr << myphrase ;
outstr.flush( ) ;
const DigestEngine::Digest& digest = md5.digest( ) ;
std::cout << myphrase << " as a MD5 digest :\n" << DigestEngine::digestToHex( digest )
<< " !" << std::endl ;
return 0 ;
}
| using System.Text;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
byte[] data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog's back");
byte[] hash = MD5.Create().ComputeHash(data);
Console.WriteLine(BitConverter.ToString(hash).Replace("-", "").ToLower());
|
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from C++ to C#. | #include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/date_time/local_time/local_time.hpp>
#include <sstream>
#include <boost/date_time/gregorian/gregorian.hpp>
#include <vector>
#include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <locale>
int main( ) {
std::string datestring ("March 7 2009 7:30pm EST" ) ;
std::vector<std::string> elements ;
boost::split( elements , datestring , boost::is_any_of( " " ) ) ;
std::string datepart = elements[ 0 ] + " " + "0" + elements[ 1 ] + " " +
elements[ 2 ] ;
std::string timepart = elements[ 3 ] ;
std::string timezone = elements[ 4 ] ;
const char meridians[ ] = { 'a' , 'p' } ;
std::string::size_type found = timepart.find_first_of( meridians, 0 ) ;
std::string twelve_hour ( timepart.substr( found , 1 ) ) ;
timepart = timepart.substr( 0 , found ) ;
elements.clear( ) ;
boost::split( elements , timepart , boost::is_any_of ( ":" ) ) ;
long hour = std::atol( (elements.begin( ))->c_str( ) ) ;
if ( twelve_hour == "p" )
hour += 12 ;
long minute = std::atol( ( elements.begin( ) + 1)->c_str( ) ) ;
boost::local_time::tz_database tz_db ;
tz_db.load_from_file( "/home/ulrich/internetpages/date_time_zonespec.csv" ) ;
boost::local_time::time_zone_ptr dyc = tz_db.time_zone_from_region( "America/New_York" ) ;
boost::gregorian::date_input_facet *f =
new boost::gregorian::date_input_facet( "%B %d %Y" ) ;
std::stringstream ss ;
ss << datepart ;
ss.imbue( std::locale( std::locale::classic( ) , f ) ) ;
boost::gregorian::date d ;
ss >> d ;
boost::posix_time::time_duration td ( hour , minute , 0 ) ;
boost::local_time::local_date_time lt ( d , td , dyc ,
boost::local_time::local_date_time::NOT_DATE_TIME_ON_ERROR ) ;
std::cout << "local time: " << lt << '\n' ;
ss.str( "" ) ;
ss << lt ;
boost::posix_time::time_duration td2 (12 , 0 , 0 , 0 ) ;
boost::local_time::local_date_time ltlater = lt + td2 ;
boost::gregorian::date_facet *f2 =
new boost::gregorian::date_facet( "%B %d %Y , %R %Z" ) ;
std::cout.imbue( std::locale( std::locale::classic( ) , f2 ) ) ;
std::cout << "12 hours after " << ss.str( ) << " it is " << ltlater << " !\n" ;
boost::local_time::time_zone_ptr bt = tz_db.time_zone_from_region( "Europe/Berlin" ) ;
std::cout.imbue( std::locale( "de_DE.UTF-8" ) ) ;
std::cout << "This corresponds to " << ltlater.local_time_in( bt ) << " in Berlin!\n" ;
return 0 ;
}
| class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
CultureInfo ci=CultureInfo.CreateSpecificCulture("en-US");
string dateString = "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST";
string format = "MMMM d yyyy h:mmtt z";
DateTime myDateTime = DateTime.ParseExact(dateString.Replace("EST","+6"),format,ci) ;
DateTime newDateTime = myDateTime.AddHours(12).AddDays(1) ;
Console.WriteLine(newDateTime.ToString(format).Replace("-5","EST"));
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
|
Produce a language-to-language conversion: from C++ to C#, same semantics. | #include <chrono>
#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <vector>
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
std::vector<std::thread> threads;
for (int i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
threads.emplace_back([i, &argv]() {
int arg = std::stoi(argv[i]);
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(arg));
std::cout << argv[i] << std::endl;
});
}
for (auto& thread : threads) {
thread.join();
}
}
| using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
class Program
{
static void ThreadStart(object item)
{
Thread.Sleep(1000 * (int)item);
Console.WriteLine(item);
}
static void SleepSort(IEnumerable<int> items)
{
foreach (var item in items)
{
new Thread(ThreadStart).Start(item);
}
}
static void Main(string[] arguments)
{
SleepSort(arguments.Select(int.Parse));
}
}
|
Convert this C++ block to C#, preserving its control flow and logic. | #include<cstdlib>
#include<ctime>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int arr[10][10];
srand(time(NULL));
for(auto& row: arr)
for(auto& col: row)
col = rand() % 20 + 1;
([&](){
for(auto& row : arr)
for(auto& col: row)
{
cout << col << endl;
if(col == 20)return;
}
})();
return 0;
}
| using System;
class Program {
static void Main(string[] args) {
int[,] a = new int[10, 10];
Random r = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
a[i, j] = r.Next(0, 21) + 1;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
Console.Write(" {0}", a[i, j]);
if (a[i, j] == 20) {
goto Done;
}
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
Done:
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
|
Produce a functionally identical C# code for the snippet given in C++. | #include <set>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
typedef set<int> TySet;
int data[] = {1, 2, 3, 2, 3, 4};
TySet unique_set(data, data + 6);
cout << "Set items:" << endl;
for (TySet::iterator iter = unique_set.begin(); iter != unique_set.end(); iter++)
cout << *iter << " ";
cout << endl;
}
| int[] nums = { 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 4 };
List<int> unique = new List<int>();
foreach (int n in nums)
if (!unique.Contains(n))
unique.Add(n);
|
Transform the following C++ implementation into C#, maintaining the same output and logic. | #include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
std::string lookandsay(const std::string& s)
{
std::ostringstream r;
for (std::size_t i = 0; i != s.length();) {
auto new_i = s.find_first_not_of(s[i], i + 1);
if (new_i == std::string::npos)
new_i = s.length();
r << new_i - i << s[i];
i = new_i;
}
return r.str();
}
int main()
{
std::string laf = "1";
std::cout << laf << '\n';
for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
laf = lookandsay(laf);
std::cout << laf << '\n';
}
}
| using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Linq;
class Program
{
static string lookandsay(string number)
{
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
char repeat = number[0];
number = number.Substring(1, number.Length-1)+" ";
int times = 1;
foreach (char actual in number)
{
if (actual != repeat)
{
result.Append(Convert.ToString(times)+repeat);
times = 1;
repeat = actual;
}
else
{
times += 1;
}
}
return result.ToString();
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string num = "1";
foreach (int i in Enumerable.Range(1, 10)) {
Console.WriteLine(num);
num = lookandsay(num);
}
}
}
|
Change the programming language of this snippet from C++ to C# without modifying what it does. | #include <stack>
|
System.Collections.Stack stack = new System.Collections.Stack();
stack.Push( obj );
bool isEmpty = stack.Count == 0;
object top = stack.Peek();
top = stack.Pop();
System.Collections.Generic.Stack<Foo> stack = new System.Collections.Generic.Stack<Foo>();
stack.Push(new Foo());
bool isEmpty = stack.Count == 0;
Foo top = stack.Peek();
top = stack.Pop();
|
Generate a C# translation of this C++ snippet without changing its computational steps. | #include <cassert>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
class totient_calculator {
public:
explicit totient_calculator(int max) : totient_(max + 1) {
for (int i = 1; i <= max; ++i)
totient_[i] = i;
for (int i = 2; i <= max; ++i) {
if (totient_[i] < i)
continue;
for (int j = i; j <= max; j += i)
totient_[j] -= totient_[j] / i;
}
}
int totient(int n) const {
assert (n >= 1 && n < totient_.size());
return totient_[n];
}
bool is_prime(int n) const {
return totient(n) == n - 1;
}
private:
std::vector<int> totient_;
};
int count_primes(const totient_calculator& tc, int min, int max) {
int count = 0;
for (int i = min; i <= max; ++i) {
if (tc.is_prime(i))
++count;
}
return count;
}
int main() {
const int max = 10000000;
totient_calculator tc(max);
std::cout << " n totient prime?\n";
for (int i = 1; i <= 25; ++i) {
std::cout << std::setw(2) << i
<< std::setw(9) << tc.totient(i)
<< std::setw(8) << (tc.is_prime(i) ? "yes" : "no") << '\n';
}
for (int n = 100; n <= max; n *= 10) {
std::cout << "Count of primes up to " << n << ": "
<< count_primes(tc, 1, n) << '\n';
}
return 0;
}
| using static System.Console;
using static System.Linq.Enumerable;
public class Program
{
static void Main()
{
for (int i = 1; i <= 25; i++) {
int t = Totient(i);
WriteLine(i + "\t" + t + (t == i - 1 ? "\tprime" : ""));
}
WriteLine();
for (int i = 100; i <= 100_000; i *= 10) {
WriteLine($"{Range(1, i).Count(x => Totient(x) + 1 == x):n0} primes below {i:n0}");
}
}
static int Totient(int n) {
if (n < 3) return 1;
if (n == 3) return 2;
int totient = n;
if ((n & 1) == 0) {
totient >>= 1;
while (((n >>= 1) & 1) == 0) ;
}
for (int i = 3; i * i <= n; i += 2) {
if (n % i == 0) {
totient -= totient / i;
while ((n /= i) % i == 0) ;
}
}
if (n > 1) totient -= totient / n;
return totient;
}
}
|
Convert this C++ block to C#, preserving its control flow and logic. | template<bool Condition, typename ThenType, typename Elsetype> struct ifthenelse;
template<typename ThenType, typename ElseType> struct ifthenelse<true, ThenType, ElseType>
{
typedef ThenType type;
};
template<typename ThenType, typename ElseType> struct ifthenelse<false, ThenType, ElseType>
{
typedef ElseType type;
};
ifthenelse<INT_MAX == 32767,
long int,
int>
::type myvar;
| if (condition)
{
}
if (condition)
{
}
else if (condition2)
{
}
else
{
}
|
Generate an equivalent C# version of this C++ code. | #include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <cctype>
struct icompare_char {
bool operator()(char c1, char c2) {
return std::toupper(c1) < std::toupper(c2);
}
};
struct compare {
bool operator()(std::string const& s1, std::string const& s2) {
if (s1.length() > s2.length())
return true;
if (s1.length() < s2.length())
return false;
return std::lexicographical_compare(s1.begin(), s1.end(),
s2.begin(), s2.end(),
icompare_char());
}
};
int main() {
std::string strings[8] = {"Here", "are", "some", "sample", "strings", "to", "be", "sorted"};
std::sort(strings, strings+8, compare());
return 0;
}
| using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace RosettaCode {
class SortCustomComparator {
public void CustomSort() {
String[] items = { "Here", "are", "some", "sample", "strings", "to", "be", "sorted" };
List<String> list = new List<string>(items);
DisplayList("Unsorted", list);
list.Sort(CustomCompare);
DisplayList("Descending Length", list);
list.Sort();
DisplayList("Ascending order", list);
}
public int CustomCompare(String x, String y) {
int result = -x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length);
if (result == 0) {
result = x.ToLower().CompareTo(y.ToLower());
}
return result;
}
public void DisplayList(String header, List<String> theList) {
Console.WriteLine(header);
Console.WriteLine("".PadLeft(header.Length, '*'));
foreach (String str in theList) {
Console.WriteLine(str);
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
}
|
Produce a functionally identical C# code for the snippet given in C++. | #include "animationwidget.h"
#include <QLabel>
#include <QTimer>
#include <QVBoxLayout>
#include <algorithm>
AnimationWidget::AnimationWidget(QWidget *parent) : QWidget(parent) {
setWindowTitle(tr("Animation"));
QFont font("Courier", 24);
QLabel* label = new QLabel("Hello World! ");
label->setFont(font);
QVBoxLayout* layout = new QVBoxLayout(this);
layout->addWidget(label);
QTimer* timer = new QTimer(this);
connect(timer, &QTimer::timeout, this, [label,this]() {
QString text = label->text();
std::rotate(text.begin(), text.begin() + (right_ ? text.length() - 1 : 1), text.end());
label->setText(text);
});
timer->start(200);
}
void AnimationWidget::mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent*) {
right_ = !right_;
}
| using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace BasicAnimation
{
class BasicAnimationForm : Form
{
bool isReverseDirection;
Label textLabel;
Timer timer;
internal BasicAnimationForm()
{
this.Size = new Size(150, 75);
this.Text = "Basic Animation";
textLabel = new Label();
textLabel.Text = "Hello World! ";
textLabel.Location = new Point(3,3);
textLabel.AutoSize = true;
textLabel.Click += new EventHandler(textLabel_OnClick);
this.Controls.Add(textLabel);
timer = new Timer();
timer.Interval = 500;
timer.Tick += new EventHandler(timer_OnTick);
timer.Enabled = true;
isReverseDirection = false;
}
private void timer_OnTick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string oldText = textLabel.Text, newText;
if(isReverseDirection)
newText = oldText.Substring(1, oldText.Length - 1) + oldText.Substring(0, 1);
else
newText = oldText.Substring(oldText.Length - 1, 1) + oldText.Substring(0, oldText.Length - 1);
textLabel.Text = newText;
}
private void textLabel_OnClick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
isReverseDirection = !isReverseDirection;
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
Application.Run(new BasicAnimationForm());
}
}
}
|
Produce a language-to-language conversion: from C++ to C#, same semantics. | #include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
class radix_test
{
const int bit;
public:
radix_test(int offset) : bit(offset) {}
bool operator()(int value) const
{
if (bit == 31)
return value < 0;
else
return !(value & (1 << bit));
}
};
void lsd_radix_sort(int *first, int *last)
{
for (int lsb = 0; lsb < 32; ++lsb)
{
std::stable_partition(first, last, radix_test(lsb));
}
}
void msd_radix_sort(int *first, int *last, int msb = 31)
{
if (first != last && msb >= 0)
{
int *mid = std::partition(first, last, radix_test(msb));
msb--;
msd_radix_sort(first, mid, msb);
msd_radix_sort(mid, last, msb);
}
}
int main()
{
int data[] = { 170, 45, 75, -90, -802, 24, 2, 66 };
lsd_radix_sort(data, data + 8);
std::copy(data, data + 8, std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
return 0;
}
| using System;
namespace RadixSort
{
class Program
{
static void Sort(int[] old)
{
int i, j;
int[] tmp = new int[old.Length];
for (int shift = 31; shift > -1; --shift)
{
j = 0;
for (i = 0; i < old.Length; ++i)
{
bool move = (old[i] << shift) >= 0;
if (shift == 0 ? !move : move)
old[i-j] = old[i];
else
tmp[j++] = old[i];
}
Array.Copy(tmp, 0, old, old.Length-j, j);
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int[] old = new int[] { 2, 5, 1, -3, 4 };
Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", old));
Sort(old);
Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", old));
Console.Read();
}
}
}
|
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from C++ to C#. | #include <vector>
#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
void list_comprehension( std::vector<int> & , int ) ;
int main( ) {
std::vector<int> triangles ;
list_comprehension( triangles , 20 ) ;
std::copy( triangles.begin( ) , triangles.end( ) ,
std::ostream_iterator<int>( std::cout , " " ) ) ;
std::cout << std::endl ;
return 0 ;
}
void list_comprehension( std::vector<int> & numbers , int upper_border ) {
for ( int a = 1 ; a < upper_border ; a++ ) {
for ( int b = a + 1 ; b < upper_border ; b++ ) {
double c = pow( a * a + b * b , 0.5 ) ;
if ( ( c * c ) < pow( upper_border , 2 ) + 1 ) {
if ( c == floor( c ) ) {
numbers.push_back( a ) ;
numbers.push_back( b ) ;
numbers.push_back( static_cast<int>( c ) ) ;
}
}
}
}
}
| using System.Linq;
static class Program
{
static void Main()
{
var ts =
from a in Enumerable.Range(1, 20)
from b in Enumerable.Range(a, 21 - a)
from c in Enumerable.Range(b, 21 - b)
where a * a + b * b == c * c
select new { a, b, c };
foreach (var t in ts)
System.Console.WriteLine("{0}, {1}, {2}", t.a, t.b, t.c);
}
}
|
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in C#. | #include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
#include <iostream>
template<typename ForwardIterator> void selection_sort(ForwardIterator begin,
ForwardIterator end) {
for(auto i = begin; i != end; ++i) {
std::iter_swap(i, std::min_element(i, end));
}
}
int main() {
int a[] = {100, 2, 56, 200, -52, 3, 99, 33, 177, -199};
selection_sort(std::begin(a), std::end(a));
copy(std::begin(a), std::end(a), std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
std::cout << "\n";
}
| class SelectionSort<T> where T : IComparable {
public T[] Sort(T[] list) {
int k;
T temp;
for (int i = 0; i < list.Length; i++) {
k = i;
for (int j=i + 1; j < list.Length; j++) {
if (list[j].CompareTo(list[k]) < 0) {
k = j;
}
}
temp = list[i];
list[i] = list[k];
list[k] = temp;
}
return list;
}
}
|
Produce a functionally identical C# code for the snippet given in C++. | #include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
void print_square(int i) {
std::cout << i*i << " ";
}
int main() {
int ary[]={1,2,3,4,5};
std::for_each(ary,ary+5,print_square);
return 0;
}
| int[] intArray = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
int[] squares1 = intArray.Select(x => x * x).ToArray();
int[] squares2 = (from x in intArray
select x * x).ToArray();
foreach (var i in intArray)
Console.WriteLine(i * i);
|
Write the same code in C# as shown below in C++. | #include <stdexcept>
template <typename Self>
class singleton
{
protected:
static Self*
sentry;
public:
static Self&
instance()
{
return *sentry;
}
singleton()
{
if(sentry)
throw std::logic_error("Error: attempt to instantiate a singleton over a pre-existing one!");
sentry = (Self*)this;
}
virtual ~singleton()
{
if(sentry == this)
sentry = 0;
}
};
template <typename Self>
Self*
singleton<Self>::sentry = 0;
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace
std;
class controller : public singleton<controller>
{
public:
controller(string const& name)
: name(name)
{
trace("begin");
}
~controller()
{
trace("end");
}
void
work()
{
trace("doing stuff");
}
void
trace(string const& message)
{
cout << name << ": " << message << endl;
}
string
name;
};
int
main()
{
controller*
first = new controller("first");
controller::instance().work();
delete first;
controller
second("second");
controller::instance().work();
try
{
controller
goner("goner");
controller::instance().work();
}
catch(exception const& error)
{
cout << error.what() << endl;
}
controller::instance().work();
controller
goner("goner");
controller::instance().work();
}
| public sealed class Singleton1
{
private static Singleton1 instance;
private static readonly object lockObj = new object();
public static Singleton1 Instance {
get {
lock(lockObj) {
if (instance == null) {
instance = new Singleton1();
}
}
return instance;
}
}
}
|
Rewrite the snippet below in C# so it works the same as the original C++ code. | #include <iostream>
#include <tuple>
union conv {
int i;
float f;
};
float nextUp(float d) {
if (isnan(d) || d == -INFINITY || d == INFINITY) return d;
if (d == 0.0) return FLT_EPSILON;
conv c;
c.f = d;
c.i++;
return c.f;
}
float nextDown(float d) {
if (isnan(d) || d == -INFINITY || d == INFINITY) return d;
if (d == 0.0) return -FLT_EPSILON;
conv c;
c.f = d;
c.i--;
return c.f;
}
auto safeAdd(float a, float b) {
return std::make_tuple(nextDown(a + b), nextUp(a + b));
}
int main() {
float a = 1.20f;
float b = 0.03f;
auto result = safeAdd(a, b);
printf("(%f + %f) is in the range (%0.16f, %0.16f)\n", a, b, std::get<0>(result), std::get<1>(result));
return 0;
}
| using System;
namespace SafeAddition {
class Program {
static float NextUp(float d) {
if (d == 0.0) return float.Epsilon;
if (float.IsNaN(d) || float.IsNegativeInfinity(d) || float.IsPositiveInfinity(d)) return d;
byte[] bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(d);
int dl = BitConverter.ToInt32(bytes, 0);
dl++;
bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(dl);
return BitConverter.ToSingle(bytes, 0);
}
static float NextDown(float d) {
if (d == 0.0) return -float.Epsilon;
if (float.IsNaN(d) || float.IsNegativeInfinity(d) || float.IsPositiveInfinity(d)) return d;
byte[] bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(d);
int dl = BitConverter.ToInt32(bytes, 0);
dl--;
bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(dl);
return BitConverter.ToSingle(bytes, 0);
}
static Tuple<float, float> SafeAdd(float a, float b) {
return new Tuple<float, float>(NextDown(a + b), NextUp(a + b));
}
static void Main(string[] args) {
float a = 1.20f;
float b = 0.03f;
Console.WriteLine("({0} + {1}) is in the range {2}", a, b, SafeAdd(a, b));
}
}
}
|
Please provide an equivalent version of this C++ code in C#. | for(int i = 10; i >= 0; --i)
std::cout << i << "\n";
| for (int i = 10; i >= 0; i--)
{
Console.WriteLine(i);
}
|
Please provide an equivalent version of this C++ code in C#. | #include <fstream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
ofstream file("new.txt");
file << "this is a string";
file.close();
return 0;
}
| System.IO.File.WriteAllText("filename.txt", "This file contains a string.");
|
Translate this program into C# but keep the logic exactly as in C++. | for(int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
for(int j = 0; j < i; ++j)
std::cout.put('*');
std::cout.put('\n');
}
| using System;
class Program {
static void Main(string[] args)
{
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j <= i; j++)
{
Console.Write("*");
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
}
|
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in C#. |
class N{
uint n,i,g,e,l;
public:
N(uint n): n(n-1),i{},g{},e(1),l(n-1){}
bool hasNext(){
g=(1<<n)+e;for(i=l;i<n;++i) g+=1<<i;
if (l==2) {l=--n; e=1; return true;}
if (e<((1<<(l-1))-1)) {++e; return true;}
e=1; --l; return (l>0);
}
uint next() {return g;}
};
| using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
class Program
{
public static void Main() {
var sequence = new[] { "A", "B", "C", "D" };
foreach (var subset in Subsets(sequence.Length).Where(s => !IsContinuous(s))) {
Console.WriteLine(string.Join(" ", subset.Select(i => sequence[i])));
}
}
static IEnumerable<List<int>> Subsets(int length) {
int[] values = Enumerable.Range(0, length).ToArray();
var stack = new Stack<int>(length);
for (int i = 0; stack.Count > 0 || i < length; ) {
if (i < length) {
stack.Push(i++);
yield return (from index in stack.Reverse() select values[index]).ToList();
} else {
i = stack.Pop() + 1;
if (stack.Count > 0) i = stack.Pop() + 1;
}
}
}
static bool IsContinuous(List<int> list) => list[list.Count - 1] - list[0] + 1 == list.Count;
}
|
Translate this program into C# but keep the logic exactly as in C++. | #include <cstdint>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <primesieve.hpp>
void print_twin_prime_count(long long limit) {
std::cout << "Number of twin prime pairs less than " << limit
<< " is " << (limit > 0 ? primesieve::count_twins(0, limit - 1) : 0) << '\n';
}
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
std::cout.imbue(std::locale(""));
if (argc > 1) {
for (int i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
try {
print_twin_prime_count(std::stoll(argv[i]));
} catch (const std::exception& ex) {
std::cerr << "Cannot parse limit from '" << argv[i] << "'\n";
}
}
} else {
uint64_t limit = 10;
for (int power = 1; power < 12; ++power, limit *= 10)
print_twin_prime_count(limit);
}
return 0;
}
| using System;
class Program {
static uint[] res = new uint[10];
static uint ri = 1, p = 10, count = 0;
static void TabulateTwinPrimes(uint bound) {
if (bound < 5) return; count++;
uint cl = (bound - 1) >> 1, i = 1, j,
limit = (uint)(Math.Sqrt(bound) - 1) >> 1;
var comp = new bool[cl]; bool lp;
for (j = 3; j < cl; j += 3) comp[j] = true;
while (i < limit) {
if (lp = !comp[i]) {
uint pr = (i << 1) + 3;
for (j = (pr * pr - 2) >> 1; j < cl; j += pr)
comp[j] = true;
}
if (!comp[++i]) {
uint pr = (i << 1) + 3;
if (lp) {
if (pr > p) {
res[ri++] = count;
p *= 10;
}
count++;
i++;
}
for (j = (pr * pr - 2) >> 1; j < cl; j += pr)
comp[j] = true;
}
}
cl--;
while (i < cl) {
lp = !comp[i++];
if (!comp[i] && lp) {
if ((i++ << 1) + 3 > p) {
res[ri++] = count;
p *= 10;
}
count++;
}
}
res[ri] = count;
}
static void Main(string[] args) {
var sw = System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch.StartNew();
string fmt = "{0,9:n0} twin primes below {1,-13:n0}";
TabulateTwinPrimes(1_000_000_000);
sw.Stop();
p = 1;
for (var j = 1; j <= ri; j++)
Console.WriteLine(fmt, res[j], p *= 10);
Console.Write("{0} sec", sw.Elapsed.TotalSeconds);
}
}
|
Can you help me rewrite this code in C# instead of C++, keeping it the same logically? | #include <complex>
#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>
double const pi = 4 * std::atan(1);
int main()
{
for (int n = 2; n <= 10; ++n)
{
std::cout << n << ": ";
for (int k = 0; k < n; ++k)
std::cout << std::polar(1, 2*pi*k/n) << " ";
std::cout << std::endl;
}
}
| using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Numerics;
class Program
{
static IEnumerable<Complex> RootsOfUnity(int degree)
{
return Enumerable
.Range(0, degree)
.Select(element => Complex.FromPolarCoordinates(1, 2 * Math.PI * element / degree));
}
static void Main()
{
var degree = 3;
foreach (var root in RootsOfUnity(degree))
{
Console.WriteLine(root);
}
}
}
|
Change the following C++ code into C# without altering its purpose. | #include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
typedef long long bigInt;
using namespace std;
class number
{
public:
number() { s = "0"; neg = false; }
number( bigInt a ) { set( a ); }
number( string a ) { set( a ); }
void set( bigInt a ) { neg = false; if( a < 0 ) { a = -a; neg = true; } ostringstream o; o << a; s = o.str(); clearStr(); }
void set( string a ) { neg = false; s = a; if( s.length() > 1 && s[0] == '-' ) { neg = true; } clearStr(); }
number operator * ( const number& b ) { return this->mul( b ); }
number& operator *= ( const number& b ) { *this = *this * b; return *this; }
number& operator = ( const number& b ) { s = b.s; return *this; }
friend ostream& operator << ( ostream& out, const number& a ) { if( a.neg ) out << "-"; out << a.s; return out; }
friend istream& operator >> ( istream& in, number& a ){ string b; in >> b; a.set( b ); return in; }
private:
number mul( const number& b )
{
number a; bool neg = false;
string r, bs = b.s; r.resize( 2 * max( b.s.length(), s.length() ), '0' );
int xx, ss, rr, t, c, stp = 0;
string::reverse_iterator xi = bs.rbegin(), si, ri;
for( ; xi != bs.rend(); xi++ )
{
c = 0; ri = r.rbegin() + stp;
for( si = s.rbegin(); si != s.rend(); si++ )
{
xx = ( *xi ) - 48; ss = ( *si ) - 48; rr = ( *ri ) - 48;
ss = ss * xx + rr + c; t = ss % 10; c = ( ss - t ) / 10;
( *ri++ ) = t + 48;
}
if( c > 0 ) ( *ri ) = c + 48;
stp++;
}
trimLeft( r ); t = b.neg ? 1 : 0; t += neg ? 1 : 0;
if( t & 1 ) a.s = "-" + r;
else a.s = r;
return a;
}
void trimLeft( string& r )
{
if( r.length() < 2 ) return;
for( string::iterator x = r.begin(); x != ( r.end() - 1 ); )
{
if( ( *x ) != '0' ) return;
x = r.erase( x );
}
}
void clearStr()
{
for( string::iterator x = s.begin(); x != s.end(); )
{
if( ( *x ) < '0' || ( *x ) > '9' ) x = s.erase( x );
else x++;
}
}
string s;
bool neg;
};
int main( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
number a, b;
a.set( "18446744073709551616" ); b.set( "18446744073709551616" );
cout << a * b << endl << endl;
cout << "Factor 1 = "; cin >> a;
cout << "Factor 2 = "; cin >> b;
cout << "Product: = " << a * b << endl << endl;
return system( "pause" );
}
| using System;
using static System.Console;
using BI = System.Numerics.BigInteger;
class Program {
static decimal mx = 1E28M, hm = 1E14M, a;
struct bi { public decimal hi, lo; }
static bi set4sq(decimal a) { bi r; r.hi = Math.Floor(a / hm); r.lo = a % hm; return r; }
static string toStr(bi a, bool comma = false) {
string r = a.hi == 0 ? string.Format("{0:0}", a.lo) :
string.Format("{0:0}{1:" + new string('0', 28) + "}", a.hi, a.lo);
if (!comma) return r; string rc = "";
for (int i = r.Length - 3; i > 0; i -= 3) rc = "," + r.Substring(i, 3) + rc;
return r.Substring(0, ((r.Length + 2) % 3) + 1) + rc; }
static decimal Pow_dec(decimal bas, uint exp) {
if (exp == 0) return 1M; decimal tmp = Pow_dec(bas, exp >> 1); tmp *= tmp;
if ((exp & 1) == 0) return tmp; return tmp * bas; }
static void Main(string[] args) {
for (uint p = 64; p < 95; p += 30) {
bi x = set4sq(a = Pow_dec(2M, p)), y;
WriteLine("The square of (2^{0}): {1,38:n0}", p, a); BI BS = BI.Pow((BI)a, 2);
y.lo = x.lo * x.lo; y.hi = x.hi * x.hi;
a = x.hi * x.lo * 2M;
y.hi += Math.Floor(a / hm);
y.lo += (a % hm) * hm;
while (y.lo > mx) { y.lo -= mx; y.hi++; }
WriteLine(" is {0,75} (which {1} match the BigInteger computation)\n", toStr(y, true),
BS.ToString() == toStr(y) ? "does" : "fails to"); } }
}
|
Produce a functionally identical C# code for the snippet given in C++. | #include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <tuple>
std::tuple<uint64_t, uint64_t> solvePell(int n) {
int x = (int)sqrt(n);
if (x * x == n) {
return std::make_pair(1, 0);
}
int y = x;
int z = 1;
int r = 2 * x;
std::tuple<uint64_t, uint64_t> e = std::make_pair(1, 0);
std::tuple<uint64_t, uint64_t> f = std::make_pair(0, 1);
uint64_t a = 0;
uint64_t b = 0;
while (true) {
y = r * z - y;
z = (n - y * y) / z;
r = (x + y) / z;
e = std::make_pair(std::get<1>(e), r * std::get<1>(e) + std::get<0>(e));
f = std::make_pair(std::get<1>(f), r * std::get<1>(f) + std::get<0>(f));
a = std::get<1>(e) + x * std::get<1>(f);
b = std::get<1>(f);
if (a * a - n * b * b == 1) {
break;
}
}
return std::make_pair(a, b);
}
void test(int n) {
auto r = solvePell(n);
std::cout << "x^2 - " << std::setw(3) << n << " * y^2 = 1 for x = " << std::setw(21) << std::get<0>(r) << " and y = " << std::setw(21) << std::get<1>(r) << '\n';
}
int main() {
test(61);
test(109);
test(181);
test(277);
return 0;
}
| using System;
using System.Numerics;
static class Program
{
static void Fun(ref BigInteger a, ref BigInteger b, int c)
{
BigInteger t = a; a = b; b = b * c + t;
}
static void SolvePell(int n, ref BigInteger a, ref BigInteger b)
{
int x = (int)Math.Sqrt(n), y = x, z = 1, r = x << 1;
BigInteger e1 = 1, e2 = 0, f1 = 0, f2 = 1;
while (true)
{
y = r * z - y; z = (n - y * y) / z; r = (x + y) / z;
Fun(ref e1, ref e2, r); Fun(ref f1, ref f2, r); a = f2; b = e2; Fun(ref b, ref a, x);
if (a * a - n * b * b == 1) return;
}
}
static void Main()
{
BigInteger x, y; foreach (int n in new[] { 61, 109, 181, 277 })
{
SolvePell(n, ref x, ref y);
Console.WriteLine("x^2 - {0,3} * y^2 = 1 for x = {1,27:n0} and y = {2,25:n0}", n, x, y);
}
}
}
|
Generate a C# translation of this C++ snippet without changing its computational steps. | #include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstdlib>
bool contains_duplicates(std::string s)
{
std::sort(s.begin(), s.end());
return std::adjacent_find(s.begin(), s.end()) != s.end();
}
void game()
{
typedef std::string::size_type index;
std::string symbols = "0123456789";
unsigned int const selection_length = 4;
std::random_shuffle(symbols.begin(), symbols.end());
std::string selection = symbols.substr(0, selection_length);
std::string guess;
while (std::cout << "Your guess? ", std::getline(std::cin, guess))
{
if (guess.length() != selection_length
|| guess.find_first_not_of(symbols) != std::string::npos
|| contains_duplicates(guess))
{
std::cout << guess << " is not a valid guess!";
continue;
}
unsigned int bulls = 0;
unsigned int cows = 0;
for (index i = 0; i != selection_length; ++i)
{
index pos = selection.find(guess[i]);
if (pos == i)
++bulls;
else if (pos != std::string::npos)
++cows;
}
std::cout << bulls << " bulls, " << cows << " cows.\n";
if (bulls == selection_length)
{
std::cout << "Congratulations! You have won!\n";
return;
}
}
std::cerr << "Oops! Something went wrong with input, or you've entered end-of-file!\nExiting ...\n";
std::exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
int main()
{
std::cout << "Welcome to bulls and cows!\nDo you want to play? ";
std::string answer;
while (true)
{
while (true)
{
if (!std::getline(std::cin, answer))
{
std::cout << "I can't get an answer. Exiting.\n";
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
if (answer == "yes" || answer == "Yes" || answer == "y" || answer == "Y")
break;
if (answer == "no" || answer == "No" || answer == "n" || answer == "N")
{
std::cout << "Ok. Goodbye.\n";
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
std::cout << "Please answer yes or no: ";
}
game();
std::cout << "Another game? ";
}
}
| using System;
namespace BullsnCows
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int[] nums = new int[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 };
KnuthShuffle<int>(ref nums);
int[] chosenNum = new int[4];
Array.Copy(nums, chosenNum, 4);
Console.WriteLine("Your Guess ?");
while (!game(Console.ReadLine(), chosenNum))
{
Console.WriteLine("Your next Guess ?");
}
Console.ReadKey();
}
public static void KnuthShuffle<T>(ref T[] array)
{
System.Random random = new System.Random();
for (int i = 0; i < array.Length; i++)
{
int j = random.Next(array.Length);
T temp = array[i]; array[i] = array[j]; array[j] = temp;
}
}
public static bool game(string guess, int[] num)
{
char[] guessed = guess.ToCharArray();
int bullsCount = 0, cowsCount = 0;
if (guessed.Length != 4)
{
Console.WriteLine("Not a valid guess.");
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
int curguess = (int) char.GetNumericValue(guessed[i]);
if (curguess < 1 || curguess > 9)
{
Console.WriteLine("Digit must be ge greater 0 and lower 10.");
return false;
}
if (curguess == num[i])
{
bullsCount++;
}
else
{
for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++)
{
if (curguess == num[j])
cowsCount++;
}
}
}
if (bullsCount == 4)
{
Console.WriteLine("Congratulations! You have won!");
return true;
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Your Score is {0} bulls and {1} cows", bullsCount, cowsCount);
return false;
}
}
}
}
|
Can you help me rewrite this code in C# instead of C++, keeping it the same logically? | #include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
template <typename RandomAccessIterator>
void bubble_sort(RandomAccessIterator begin, RandomAccessIterator end) {
bool swapped = true;
while (begin != end-- && swapped) {
swapped = false;
for (auto i = begin; i != end; ++i) {
if (*(i + 1) < *i) {
std::iter_swap(i, i + 1);
swapped = true;
}
}
}
}
int main() {
int a[] = {100, 2, 56, 200, -52, 3, 99, 33, 177, -199};
bubble_sort(std::begin(a), std::end(a));
copy(std::begin(a), std::end(a), std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
std::cout << "\n";
}
| using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace RosettaCode.BubbleSort
{
public static class BubbleSortMethods
{
public static void BubbleSort<T>(this List<T> list) where T : IComparable
{
bool madeChanges;
int itemCount = list.Count;
do
{
madeChanges = false;
itemCount--;
for (int i = 0; i < itemCount; i++)
{
if (list[i].CompareTo(list[i + 1]) > 0)
{
T temp = list[i + 1];
list[i + 1] = list[i];
list[i] = temp;
madeChanges = true;
}
}
} while (madeChanges);
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
List<int> testList = new List<int> { 3, 7, 3, 2, 1, -4, 10, 12, 4 };
testList.BubbleSort();
foreach (var t in testList) Console.Write(t + " ");
}
}
}
|
Translate this program into C# but keep the logic exactly as in C++. | #include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
template <typename RandomAccessIterator>
void bubble_sort(RandomAccessIterator begin, RandomAccessIterator end) {
bool swapped = true;
while (begin != end-- && swapped) {
swapped = false;
for (auto i = begin; i != end; ++i) {
if (*(i + 1) < *i) {
std::iter_swap(i, i + 1);
swapped = true;
}
}
}
}
int main() {
int a[] = {100, 2, 56, 200, -52, 3, 99, 33, 177, -199};
bubble_sort(std::begin(a), std::end(a));
copy(std::begin(a), std::end(a), std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
std::cout << "\n";
}
| using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace RosettaCode.BubbleSort
{
public static class BubbleSortMethods
{
public static void BubbleSort<T>(this List<T> list) where T : IComparable
{
bool madeChanges;
int itemCount = list.Count;
do
{
madeChanges = false;
itemCount--;
for (int i = 0; i < itemCount; i++)
{
if (list[i].CompareTo(list[i + 1]) > 0)
{
T temp = list[i + 1];
list[i + 1] = list[i];
list[i] = temp;
madeChanges = true;
}
}
} while (madeChanges);
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
List<int> testList = new List<int> { 3, 7, 3, 2, 1, -4, 10, 12, 4 };
testList.BubbleSort();
foreach (var t in testList) Console.Write(t + " ");
}
}
}
|
Ensure the translated C# code behaves exactly like the original C++ snippet. | #include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main() {
string line;
ifstream input ( "input.txt" );
ofstream output ("output.txt");
if (output.is_open()) {
if (input.is_open()){
while (getline (input,line)) {
output << line << endl;
}
input.close();
}
else {
cout << "input.txt cannot be opened!\n";
}
output.close();
}
else {
cout << "output.txt cannot be written to!\n";
}
return 0;
}
| using System;
using System.IO;
namespace FileIO
{
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
String s = scope .();
File.ReadAllText("input.txt", s);
File.WriteAllText("output.txt", s);
}
}
}
|
Write the same code in C# as shown below in C++. | #include <iostream>
int main()
{
int a, b;
std::cin >> a >> b;
std::cout << "a+b = " << a+b << "\n";
std::cout << "a-b = " << a-b << "\n";
std::cout << "a*b = " << a*b << "\n";
std::cout << "a/b = " << a/b << ", remainder " << a%b << "\n";
return 0;
}
| using System;
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int a = Convert.ToInt32(args[0]);
int b = Convert.ToInt32(args[1]);
Console.WriteLine("{0} + {1} = {2}", a, b, a + b);
Console.WriteLine("{0} - {1} = {2}", a, b, a - b);
Console.WriteLine("{0} * {1} = {2}", a, b, a * b);
Console.WriteLine("{0} / {1} = {2}", a, b, a / b);
Console.WriteLine("{0} % {1} = {2}", a, b, a % b);
Console.WriteLine("{0} to the power of {1} = {2}", a, b, Math.Pow(a, b));
}
}
|
Convert this C++ block to C#, preserving its control flow and logic. | #include <boost/numeric/ublas/matrix.hpp>
#include <boost/numeric/ublas/io.hpp>
int main()
{
using namespace boost::numeric::ublas;
matrix<double> m(3,3);
for(int i=0; i!=m.size1(); ++i)
for(int j=0; j!=m.size2(); ++j)
m(i,j)=3*i+j;
std::cout << trans(m) << std::endl;
}
| using System;
using System.Text;
namespace prog
{
class MainClass
{
public static void Main (string[] args)
{
double[,] m = { {1,2,3},{4,5,6},{7,8,9} };
double[,] t = Transpose( m );
for( int i=0; i<t.GetLength(0); i++ )
{
for( int j=0; j<t.GetLength(1); j++ )
Console.Write( t[i,j] + " " );
Console.WriteLine("");
}
}
public static double[,] Transpose( double[,] m )
{
double[,] t = new double[m.GetLength(1),m.GetLength(0)];
for( int i=0; i<m.GetLength(0); i++ )
for( int j=0; j<m.GetLength(1); j++ )
t[j,i] = m[i,j];
return t;
}
}
}
|
Write the same algorithm in C# as shown in this C++ implementation. | #include <iostream>
#include <tr1/memory>
using std::tr1::shared_ptr;
using std::tr1::enable_shared_from_this;
struct Arg {
virtual int run() = 0;
virtual ~Arg() { };
};
int A(int, shared_ptr<Arg>, shared_ptr<Arg>, shared_ptr<Arg>,
shared_ptr<Arg>, shared_ptr<Arg>);
class B : public Arg, public enable_shared_from_this<B> {
private:
int k;
const shared_ptr<Arg> x1, x2, x3, x4;
public:
B(int _k, shared_ptr<Arg> _x1, shared_ptr<Arg> _x2, shared_ptr<Arg> _x3,
shared_ptr<Arg> _x4)
: k(_k), x1(_x1), x2(_x2), x3(_x3), x4(_x4) { }
int run() {
return A(--k, shared_from_this(), x1, x2, x3, x4);
}
};
class Const : public Arg {
private:
const int x;
public:
Const(int _x) : x(_x) { }
int run () { return x; }
};
int A(int k, shared_ptr<Arg> x1, shared_ptr<Arg> x2, shared_ptr<Arg> x3,
shared_ptr<Arg> x4, shared_ptr<Arg> x5) {
if (k <= 0)
return x4->run() + x5->run();
else {
shared_ptr<Arg> b(new B(k, x1, x2, x3, x4));
return b->run();
}
}
int main() {
std::cout << A(10, shared_ptr<Arg>(new Const(1)),
shared_ptr<Arg>(new Const(-1)),
shared_ptr<Arg>(new Const(-1)),
shared_ptr<Arg>(new Const(1)),
shared_ptr<Arg>(new Const(0))) << std::endl;
return 0;
}
| using System;
delegate T Func<T>();
class ManOrBoy
{
static void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine(A(10, C(1), C(-1), C(-1), C(1), C(0)));
}
static Func<int> C(int i)
{
return delegate { return i; };
}
static int A(int k, Func<int> x1, Func<int> x2, Func<int> x3, Func<int> x4, Func<int> x5)
{
Func<int> b = null;
b = delegate { k--; return A(k, b, x1, x2, x3, x4); };
return k <= 0 ? x4() + x5() : b();
}
}
|
Transform the following C++ implementation into C#, maintaining the same output and logic. | #include <iostream>
bool a(bool in)
{
std::cout << "a" << std::endl;
return in;
}
bool b(bool in)
{
std::cout << "b" << std::endl;
return in;
}
void test(bool i, bool j) {
std::cout << std::boolalpha << i << " and " << j << " = " << (a(i) && b(j)) << std::endl;
std::cout << std::boolalpha << i << " or " << j << " = " << (a(i) || b(j)) << std::endl;
}
int main()
{
test(false, false);
test(false, true);
test(true, false);
test(true, true);
return 0;
}
| using System;
class Program
{
static bool a(bool value)
{
Console.WriteLine("a");
return value;
}
static bool b(bool value)
{
Console.WriteLine("b");
return value;
}
static void Main()
{
foreach (var i in new[] { false, true })
{
foreach (var j in new[] { false, true })
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} and {1} = {2}", i, j, a(i) && b(j));
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("{0} or {1} = {2}", i, j, a(i) || b(j));
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
}
}
|
Produce a functionally identical C# code for the snippet given in C++. | #include <iostream>
void recurse(unsigned int i)
{
std::cout<<i<<"\n";
recurse(i+1);
}
int main()
{
recurse(0);
}
| using System;
class RecursionLimit
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Recur(0);
}
private static void Recur(int i)
{
Console.WriteLine(i);
Recur(i + 1);
}
}
|
Can you help me rewrite this code in C++ instead of C#, keeping it the same logically? | using System;
class RecursionLimit
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Recur(0);
}
private static void Recur(int i)
{
Console.WriteLine(i);
Recur(i + 1);
}
}
| #include <iostream>
void recurse(unsigned int i)
{
std::cout<<i<<"\n";
recurse(i+1);
}
int main()
{
recurse(0);
}
|
Can you help me rewrite this code in C# instead of C++, keeping it the same logically? | #include <windows.h>
#include <sstream>
#include <tchar.h>
using namespace std;
const unsigned int BMP_WID = 320, BMP_HEI = 240, WHITE = 16777215, BLACK = 0;
class myBitmap
{
public:
myBitmap() : pen( NULL ), brush( NULL ), clr( 0 ), wid( 1 ) {}
~myBitmap()
{
DeleteObject( pen ); DeleteObject( brush );
DeleteDC( hdc ); DeleteObject( bmp );
}
bool create( int w, int h )
{
BITMAPINFO bi;
ZeroMemory( &bi, sizeof( bi ) );
bi.bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof( bi.bmiHeader );
bi.bmiHeader.biBitCount = sizeof( DWORD ) * 8;
bi.bmiHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB;
bi.bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1;
bi.bmiHeader.biWidth = w;
bi.bmiHeader.biHeight = -h;
HDC dc = GetDC( GetConsoleWindow() );
bmp = CreateDIBSection( dc, &bi, DIB_RGB_COLORS, &pBits, NULL, 0 );
if( !bmp ) return false;
hdc = CreateCompatibleDC( dc );
SelectObject( hdc, bmp );
ReleaseDC( GetConsoleWindow(), dc );
width = w; height = h;
return true;
}
void clear( BYTE clr = 0 )
{
memset( pBits, clr, width * height * sizeof( DWORD ) );
}
void setBrushColor( DWORD bClr )
{
if( brush ) DeleteObject( brush );
brush = CreateSolidBrush( bClr );
SelectObject( hdc, brush );
}
void setPenColor( DWORD c ) { clr = c; createPen(); }
void setPenWidth( int w ) { wid = w; createPen(); }
void saveBitmap( string path )
{
BITMAPFILEHEADER fileheader;
BITMAPINFO infoheader;
BITMAP bitmap;
DWORD wb;
GetObject( bmp, sizeof( bitmap ), &bitmap );
DWORD* dwpBits = new DWORD[bitmap.bmWidth * bitmap.bmHeight];
ZeroMemory( dwpBits, bitmap.bmWidth * bitmap.bmHeight * sizeof( DWORD ) );
ZeroMemory( &infoheader, sizeof( BITMAPINFO ) );
ZeroMemory( &fileheader, sizeof( BITMAPFILEHEADER ) );
infoheader.bmiHeader.biBitCount = sizeof( DWORD ) * 8;
infoheader.bmiHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB;
infoheader.bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1;
infoheader.bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof( infoheader.bmiHeader );
infoheader.bmiHeader.biHeight = bitmap.bmHeight;
infoheader.bmiHeader.biWidth = bitmap.bmWidth;
infoheader.bmiHeader.biSizeImage = bitmap.bmWidth * bitmap.bmHeight * sizeof( DWORD );
fileheader.bfType = 0x4D42;
fileheader.bfOffBits = sizeof( infoheader.bmiHeader ) + sizeof( BITMAPFILEHEADER );
fileheader.bfSize = fileheader.bfOffBits + infoheader.bmiHeader.biSizeImage;
GetDIBits( hdc, bmp, 0, height, ( LPVOID )dwpBits, &infoheader, DIB_RGB_COLORS );
HANDLE file = CreateFile( path.c_str(), GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL );
WriteFile( file, &fileheader, sizeof( BITMAPFILEHEADER ), &wb, NULL );
WriteFile( file, &infoheader.bmiHeader, sizeof( infoheader.bmiHeader ), &wb, NULL );
WriteFile( file, dwpBits, bitmap.bmWidth * bitmap.bmHeight * 4, &wb, NULL );
CloseHandle( file );
delete [] dwpBits;
}
void* getBits( void ) const { return pBits; }
HDC getDC() const { return hdc; }
int getWidth() const { return width; }
int getHeight() const { return height; }
private:
void createPen()
{
if( pen ) DeleteObject( pen );
pen = CreatePen( PS_SOLID, wid, clr );
SelectObject( hdc, pen );
}
HBITMAP bmp;
HDC hdc;
HPEN pen;
HBRUSH brush;
void* pBits;
int width, height, wid;
DWORD clr;
};
class bmpNoise
{
public:
bmpNoise()
{
QueryPerformanceFrequency( &_frequency );
_bmp.create( BMP_WID, BMP_HEI );
_frameTime = _fps = 0; _start = getTime(); _frames = 0;
}
void mainLoop()
{
float now = getTime();
if( now - _start > 1.0f ) { _fps = static_cast<float>( _frames ) / ( now - _start ); _start = now; _frames = 0; }
HDC wdc, dc = _bmp.getDC();
unsigned int* bits = reinterpret_cast<unsigned int*>( _bmp.getBits() );
for( int y = 0; y < BMP_HEI; y++ )
{
for( int x = 0; x < BMP_WID; x++ )
{
if( rand() % 10 < 5 ) memset( bits, 255, 3 );
else memset( bits, 0, 3 );
bits++;
}
}
ostringstream o; o << _fps; TextOut( dc, 0, 0, o.str().c_str(), o.str().size() );
wdc = GetDC( _hwnd );
BitBlt( wdc, 0, 0, BMP_WID, BMP_HEI, dc, 0, 0, SRCCOPY );
ReleaseDC( _hwnd, wdc );
_frames++; _frameTime = getTime() - now;
if( _frameTime > 1.0f ) _frameTime = 1.0f;
}
void setHWND( HWND hwnd ) { _hwnd = hwnd; }
private:
float getTime()
{
LARGE_INTEGER liTime; QueryPerformanceCounter( &liTime );
return liTime.QuadPart / ( float )_frequency.QuadPart;
}
myBitmap _bmp;
HWND _hwnd;
float _start, _fps, _frameTime;
unsigned int _frames;
LARGE_INTEGER _frequency;
};
class wnd
{
public:
wnd() { _inst = this; }
int wnd::Run( HINSTANCE hInst )
{
_hInst = hInst; _hwnd = InitAll();
_noise.setHWND( _hwnd );
ShowWindow( _hwnd, SW_SHOW );
UpdateWindow( _hwnd );
MSG msg;
ZeroMemory( &msg, sizeof( msg ) );
while( msg.message != WM_QUIT )
{
if( PeekMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE ) != 0 )
{
TranslateMessage( &msg );
DispatchMessage( &msg );
}
else
{
_noise.mainLoop();
}
}
return UnregisterClass( "_MY_NOISE_", _hInst );
}
private:
static int WINAPI wnd::WndProc( HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
switch( msg )
{
case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage( 0 ); break;
default:
return DefWindowProc( hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam );
}
return 0;
}
HWND InitAll()
{
WNDCLASSEX wcex;
ZeroMemory( &wcex, sizeof( wcex ) );
wcex.cbSize = sizeof( WNDCLASSEX );
wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wcex.lpfnWndProc = ( WNDPROC )WndProc;
wcex.hInstance = _hInst;
wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor( NULL, IDC_ARROW );
wcex.hbrBackground = ( HBRUSH )( COLOR_WINDOW + 1 );
wcex.lpszClassName = "_MY_NOISE_";
RegisterClassEx( &wcex );
RECT rc = { 0, 0, BMP_WID, BMP_HEI };
AdjustWindowRect( &rc, WS_SYSMENU | WS_CAPTION, FALSE );
int w = rc.right - rc.left, h = rc.bottom - rc.top;
return CreateWindow( "_MY_NOISE_", ".: Noise image -- PJorente :.", WS_SYSMENU, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, w, h, NULL, NULL, _hInst, NULL );
}
static wnd* _inst;
HINSTANCE _hInst;
HWND _hwnd;
bmpNoise _noise;
};
wnd* wnd::_inst = 0;
int APIENTRY _tWinMain( HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPTSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow )
{
srand( GetTickCount() ); wnd myWnd;
return myWnd.Run( hInstance );
}
| using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows.Forms;
class Program
{
static Size size = new Size(320, 240);
static Rectangle rectsize = new Rectangle(new Point(0, 0), size);
static int numpixels = size.Width * size.Height;
static int numbytes = numpixels * 3;
static PictureBox pb;
static BackgroundWorker worker;
static double time = 0;
static double frames = 0;
static Random rand = new Random();
static byte tmp;
static byte white = 255;
static byte black = 0;
static int halfmax = int.MaxValue / 2;
static IEnumerable<byte> YieldVodoo()
{
for (int i = 0; i < numpixels; i++)
{
tmp = rand.Next() < halfmax ? black : white;
yield return tmp;
yield return tmp;
yield return tmp;
}
}
static Image Randimg()
{
var bitmap = new Bitmap(size.Width, size.Height);
var data = bitmap.LockBits(rectsize, ImageLockMode.WriteOnly, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);
Marshal.Copy(
YieldVodoo().ToArray<byte>(),
0,
data.Scan0,
numbytes);
bitmap.UnlockBits(data);
return bitmap;
}
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
var form = new Form();
form.AutoSize = true;
form.Size = new Size(0, 0);
form.Text = "Test";
form.FormClosed += delegate
{
Application.Exit();
};
worker = new BackgroundWorker();
worker.DoWork += delegate
{
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(500);
while (true)
{
var a = DateTime.Now;
pb.Image = Randimg();
var b = DateTime.Now;
time += (b - a).TotalSeconds;
frames += 1;
if (frames == 30)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} frames in {1:0.000} seconds. ({2:0} FPS)", frames, time, frames / time);
time = 0;
frames = 0;
}
}
};
worker.RunWorkerAsync();
FlowLayoutPanel flp = new FlowLayoutPanel();
form.Controls.Add(flp);
pb = new PictureBox();
pb.Size = size;
flp.AutoSize = true;
flp.Controls.Add(pb);
form.Show();
Application.Run();
}
}
|
Write the same code in C# as shown below in C++. | #include <iostream>
using namespace std ;
int divisor_sum( int number ) {
int sum = 0 ;
for ( int i = 1 ; i < number ; i++ )
if ( number % i == 0 )
sum += i ;
return sum;
}
int main( ) {
cout << "Perfect numbers from 1 to 33550337:\n" ;
for ( int num = 1 ; num < 33550337 ; num++ ) {
if (divisor_sum(num) == num)
cout << num << '\n' ;
}
return 0 ;
}
| static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Perfect numbers from 1 to 33550337:");
for (int x = 0; x < 33550337; x++)
{
if (IsPerfect(x))
Console.WriteLine(x + " is perfect.");
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
static bool IsPerfect(int num)
{
int sum = 0;
for (int i = 1; i < num; i++)
{
if (num % i == 0)
sum += i;
}
return sum == num ;
}
|
Produce a language-to-language conversion: from C++ to C#, same semantics. | #include <iostream>
#include <boost/multiprecision/gmp.hpp>
#include <string>
namespace mp = boost::multiprecision;
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
uint64_t tmpres = mp::pow(mp::mpz_int(4)
, mp::pow(mp::mpz_int(3)
, 2).convert_to<uint64_t>()
).convert_to<uint64_t>();
mp::mpz_int res = mp::pow(mp::mpz_int(5), tmpres);
std::string s = res.str();
std::cout << s.substr(0, 20)
<< "..."
<< s.substr(s.length() - 20, 20) << std::endl;
return 0;
}
| using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Numerics;
static class Program {
static void Main() {
BigInteger n = BigInteger.Pow(5, (int)BigInteger.Pow(4, (int)BigInteger.Pow(3, 2)));
string result = n.ToString();
Debug.Assert(result.Length == 183231);
Debug.Assert(result.StartsWith("62060698786608744707"));
Debug.Assert(result.EndsWith("92256259918212890625"));
Console.WriteLine("n = 5^4^3^2");
Console.WriteLine("n = {0}...{1}",
result.Substring(0, 20),
result.Substring(result.Length - 20, 20)
);
Console.WriteLine("n digits = {0}", result.Length);
}
}
|
Port the following code from C++ to C# with equivalent syntax and logic. | #include <algorithm>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
const std::string _CHARS = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789.:-_/";
const size_t MAX_NODES = 41;
class node
{
public:
node() { clear(); }
node( char z ) { clear(); }
~node() { for( int x = 0; x < MAX_NODES; x++ ) if( next[x] ) delete next[x]; }
void clear() { for( int x = 0; x < MAX_NODES; x++ ) next[x] = 0; isWord = false; }
bool isWord;
std::vector<std::string> files;
node* next[MAX_NODES];
};
class index {
public:
void add( std::string s, std::string fileName ) {
std::transform( s.begin(), s.end(), s.begin(), tolower );
std::string h;
for( std::string::iterator i = s.begin(); i != s.end(); i++ ) {
if( *i == 32 ) {
pushFileName( addWord( h ), fileName );
h.clear();
continue;
}
h.append( 1, *i );
}
if( h.length() )
pushFileName( addWord( h ), fileName );
}
void findWord( std::string s ) {
std::vector<std::string> v = find( s );
if( !v.size() ) {
std::cout << s + " was not found!\n";
return;
}
std::cout << s << " found in:\n";
for( std::vector<std::string>::iterator i = v.begin(); i != v.end(); i++ ) {
std::cout << *i << "\n";
}
std::cout << "\n";
}
private:
void pushFileName( node* n, std::string fn ) {
std::vector<std::string>::iterator i = std::find( n->files.begin(), n->files.end(), fn );
if( i == n->files.end() ) n->files.push_back( fn );
}
const std::vector<std::string>& find( std::string s ) {
size_t idx;
std::transform( s.begin(), s.end(), s.begin(), tolower );
node* rt = &root;
for( std::string::iterator i = s.begin(); i != s.end(); i++ ) {
idx = _CHARS.find( *i );
if( idx < MAX_NODES ) {
if( !rt->next[idx] ) return std::vector<std::string>();
rt = rt->next[idx];
}
}
if( rt->isWord ) return rt->files;
return std::vector<std::string>();
}
node* addWord( std::string s ) {
size_t idx;
node* rt = &root, *n;
for( std::string::iterator i = s.begin(); i != s.end(); i++ ) {
idx = _CHARS.find( *i );
if( idx < MAX_NODES ) {
n = rt->next[idx];
if( n ){
rt = n;
continue;
}
n = new node( *i );
rt->next[idx] = n;
rt = n;
}
}
rt->isWord = true;
return rt;
}
node root;
};
int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) {
index t;
std::string s;
std::string files[] = { "file1.txt", "f_text.txt", "text_1b.txt" };
for( int x = 0; x < 3; x++ ) {
std::ifstream f;
f.open( files[x].c_str(), std::ios::in );
if( f.good() ) {
while( !f.eof() ) {
f >> s;
t.add( s, files[x] );
s.clear();
}
f.close();
}
}
while( true ) {
std::cout << "Enter one word to search for, return to exit: ";
std::getline( std::cin, s );
if( !s.length() ) break;
t.findWord( s );
}
return 0;
}
| using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
class InvertedIndex
{
static Dictionary<TItem, IEnumerable<TKey>> Invert<TKey, TItem>(Dictionary<TKey, IEnumerable<TItem>> dictionary)
{
return dictionary
.SelectMany(keyValuePair => keyValuePair.Value.Select(item => new KeyValuePair<TItem, TKey>(item, keyValuePair.Key)))
.GroupBy(keyValuePair => keyValuePair.Key)
.ToDictionary(group => group.Key, group => group.Select(keyValuePair => keyValuePair.Value));
}
static void Main()
{
Console.Write("files: ");
var files = Console.ReadLine();
Console.Write("find: ");
var find = Console.ReadLine();
var dictionary = files.Split().ToDictionary(file => file, file => File.ReadAllText(file).Split().AsEnumerable());
Console.WriteLine("{0} found in: {1}", find, string.Join(" ", Invert(dictionary)[find]));
}
}
|
Write a version of this C# function in C++ with identical behavior. | Using System;
class Program
{
static int gcd(int m, int n)
{
return n == 0 ? Math.Abs(m) : gcd(n, n % m);
}
static int lcm(int m, int n)
{
return Math.Abs(m * n) / gcd(m, n);
}
static void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine("lcm(12,18)=" + lcm(12,18));
}
}
| #include <boost/math/common_factor.hpp>
#include <iostream>
int main( ) {
std::cout << "The least common multiple of 12 and 18 is " <<
boost::math::lcm( 12 , 18 ) << " ,\n"
<< "and the greatest common divisor " << boost::math::gcd( 12 , 18 ) << " !" << std::endl ;
return 0 ;
}
|
Change the programming language of this snippet from C++ to C# without modifying what it does. | #include <boost/math/common_factor.hpp>
#include <iostream>
int main( ) {
std::cout << "The least common multiple of 12 and 18 is " <<
boost::math::lcm( 12 , 18 ) << " ,\n"
<< "and the greatest common divisor " << boost::math::gcd( 12 , 18 ) << " !" << std::endl ;
return 0 ;
}
| Using System;
class Program
{
static int gcd(int m, int n)
{
return n == 0 ? Math.Abs(m) : gcd(n, n % m);
}
static int lcm(int m, int n)
{
return Math.Abs(m * n) / gcd(m, n);
}
static void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine("lcm(12,18)=" + lcm(12,18));
}
}
|
Please provide an equivalent version of this C++ code in C#. | #include <iostream>
#include <ctime>
#include <cstdlib>
int main(){
srand(time(NULL));
while(true){
const int a = rand() % 20;
std::cout << a << std::endl;
if(a == 10)
break;
const int b = rand() % 20;
std::cout << b << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}
| class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Random random = new Random();
while (true)
{
int a = random.Next(20);
Console.WriteLine(a);
if (a == 10)
break;
int b = random.Next(20)
Console.WriteLine(b);
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
|
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from C# to C++. | class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int[][] wta = {
new int[] {1, 5, 3, 7, 2}, new int[] { 5, 3, 7, 2, 6, 4, 5, 9, 1, 2 },
new int[] { 2, 6, 3, 5, 2, 8, 1, 4, 2, 2, 5, 3, 5, 7, 4, 1 },
new int[] { 5, 5, 5, 5 }, new int[] { 5, 6, 7, 8 },
new int[] { 8, 7, 7, 6 }, new int[] { 6, 7, 10, 7, 6 }};
string blk, lf = "\n", tb = "██", wr = "≈≈", mt = " ";
for (int i = 0; i < wta.Length; i++)
{
int bpf; blk = ""; do
{
string floor = ""; bpf = 0; for (int j = 0; j < wta[i].Length; j++)
{
if (wta[i][j] > 0)
{ floor += tb; wta[i][j] -= 1; bpf += 1; }
else floor += (j > 0 && j < wta[i].Length - 1 ? wr : mt);
}
if (bpf > 0) blk = floor + lf + blk;
} while (bpf > 0);
while (blk.Contains(mt + wr)) blk = blk.Replace(mt + wr, mt + mt);
while (blk.Contains(wr + mt)) blk = blk.Replace(wr + mt, mt + mt);
if (args.Length > 0) System.Console.Write("\n{0}", blk);
System.Console.WriteLine("Block {0} retains {1,2} water units.",
i + 1, (blk.Length - blk.Replace(wr, "").Length) / 2);
}
}
}
| #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
enum { EMPTY, WALL, WATER };
auto fill(const std::vector<int> b) {
auto water = 0;
const auto rows = *std::max_element(std::begin(b), std::end(b));
const auto cols = std::size(b);
std::vector<std::vector<int>> g(rows);
for (auto& r : g) {
for (auto i = 0; i < cols; ++i) {
r.push_back(EMPTY);
}
}
for (auto c = 0; c < cols; ++c) {
for (auto r = rows - 1u, i = 0u; i < b[c]; ++i, --r) {
g[r][c] = WALL;
}
}
for (auto c = 0; c < cols - 1; ++c) {
auto start_row = rows - b[c];
while (start_row < rows) {
if (g[start_row][c] == EMPTY) break;
auto c2 = c + 1;
bool hitWall = false;
while (c2 < cols) {
if (g[start_row][c2] == WALL) {
hitWall = true;
break;
}
++c2;
}
if (hitWall) {
for (auto i = c + 1; i < c2; ++i) {
g[start_row][i] = WATER;
++water;
}
}
++start_row;
}
}
return water;
}
int main() {
std::vector<std::vector<int>> b = {
{ 1, 5, 3, 7, 2 },
{ 5, 3, 7, 2, 6, 4, 5, 9, 1, 2 },
{ 2, 6, 3, 5, 2, 8, 1, 4, 2, 2, 5, 3, 5, 7, 4, 1 },
{ 5, 5, 5, 5 },
{ 5, 6, 7, 8 },
{ 8, 7, 7, 6 },
{ 6, 7, 10, 7, 6 }
};
for (const auto v : b) {
auto water = fill(v);
std::cout << water << " water drops." << std::endl;
}
std::cin.ignore();
std::cin.get();
return 0;
}
|
Convert this C# snippet to C++ and keep its semantics consistent. | using System;
class Program {
static bool ispr(uint n) {
if ((n & 1) == 0 || n < 2) return n == 2;
for (uint j = 3; j * j <= n; j += 2)
if (n % j == 0) return false; return true; }
static void Main(string[] args) {
uint c = 0; int nc;
var ps = new uint[]{ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 };
var nxt = new uint[128];
while (true) {
nc = 0;
foreach (var a in ps) {
if (ispr(a))
Console.Write("{0,8}{1}", a, ++c % 5 == 0 ? "\n" : " ");
for (uint b = a * 10, l = a % 10 + b++; b < l; b++)
nxt[nc++] = b;
}
if (nc > 1) {
Array.Resize (ref ps, nc); Array.Copy(nxt, ps, nc); }
else break;
}
Console.WriteLine("\n{0} descending primes found", c);
}
}
| #include <iostream>
bool ispr(unsigned int n) {
if ((n & 1) == 0 || n < 2) return n == 2;
for (unsigned int j = 3; j * j <= n; j += 2)
if (n % j == 0) return false; return true; }
int main() {
unsigned int c = 0, nc, pc = 9, i, a, b, l,
ps[128]{ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 }, nxt[128];
while (true) {
nc = 0;
for (i = 0; i < pc; i++) {
if (ispr(a = ps[i]))
printf("%8d%s", a, ++c % 5 == 0 ? "\n" : " ");
for (b = a * 10, l = a % 10 + b++; b < l; b++)
nxt[nc++] = b;
}
if (nc > 1) for(i = 0, pc = nc; i < pc; i++) ps[i] = nxt[i];
else break;
}
printf("\n%d descending primes found", c);
}
|
Change the programming language of this snippet from C# to C++ without modifying what it does. | using System;
class Program {
static bool ispr(uint n) {
if ((n & 1) == 0 || n < 2) return n == 2;
for (uint j = 3; j * j <= n; j += 2)
if (n % j == 0) return false; return true; }
static void Main(string[] args) {
uint c = 0; int nc;
var ps = new uint[]{ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 };
var nxt = new uint[128];
while (true) {
nc = 0;
foreach (var a in ps) {
if (ispr(a))
Console.Write("{0,8}{1}", a, ++c % 5 == 0 ? "\n" : " ");
for (uint b = a * 10, l = a % 10 + b++; b < l; b++)
nxt[nc++] = b;
}
if (nc > 1) {
Array.Resize (ref ps, nc); Array.Copy(nxt, ps, nc); }
else break;
}
Console.WriteLine("\n{0} descending primes found", c);
}
}
| #include <iostream>
bool ispr(unsigned int n) {
if ((n & 1) == 0 || n < 2) return n == 2;
for (unsigned int j = 3; j * j <= n; j += 2)
if (n % j == 0) return false; return true; }
int main() {
unsigned int c = 0, nc, pc = 9, i, a, b, l,
ps[128]{ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 }, nxt[128];
while (true) {
nc = 0;
for (i = 0; i < pc; i++) {
if (ispr(a = ps[i]))
printf("%8d%s", a, ++c % 5 == 0 ? "\n" : " ");
for (b = a * 10, l = a % 10 + b++; b < l; b++)
nxt[nc++] = b;
}
if (nc > 1) for(i = 0, pc = nc; i < pc; i++) ps[i] = nxt[i];
else break;
}
printf("\n%d descending primes found", c);
}
|
Port the following code from C# to C++ with equivalent syntax and logic. | using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;
public class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
const int maxSum = 100;
var pairs = (
from X in 2.To(maxSum / 2 - 1)
from Y in (X + 1).To(maxSum - 2).TakeWhile(y => X + y <= maxSum)
select new { X, Y, S = X + Y, P = X * Y }
).ToHashSet();
Console.WriteLine(pairs.Count);
var uniqueP = pairs.GroupBy(pair => pair.P).Where(g => g.Count() == 1).Select(g => g.Key).ToHashSet();
pairs.ExceptWith(pairs.GroupBy(pair => pair.S).Where(g => g.Any(pair => uniqueP.Contains(pair.P))).SelectMany(g => g));
Console.WriteLine(pairs.Count);
pairs.ExceptWith(pairs.GroupBy(pair => pair.P).Where(g => g.Count() > 1).SelectMany(g => g));
Console.WriteLine(pairs.Count);
pairs.ExceptWith(pairs.GroupBy(pair => pair.S).Where(g => g.Count() > 1).SelectMany(g => g));
Console.WriteLine(pairs.Count);
foreach (var pair in pairs) Console.WriteLine(pair);
}
}
public static class Extensions
{
public static IEnumerable<int> To(this int start, int end) {
for (int i = start; i <= end; i++) yield return i;
}
public static HashSet<T> ToHashSet<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source) => new HashSet<T>(source);
}
| #include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <vector>
std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, std::vector<std::pair<int, int>> &v) {
for (auto &p : v) {
auto sum = p.first + p.second;
auto prod = p.first * p.second;
os << '[' << p.first << ", " << p.second << "] S=" << sum << " P=" << prod;
}
return os << '\n';
}
void print_count(const std::vector<std::pair<int, int>> &candidates) {
auto c = candidates.size();
if (c == 0) {
std::cout << "no candidates\n";
} else if (c == 1) {
std::cout << "one candidate\n";
} else {
std::cout << c << " candidates\n";
}
}
auto setup() {
std::vector<std::pair<int, int>> candidates;
for (int x = 2; x <= 98; x++) {
for (int y = x + 1; y <= 98; y++) {
if (x + y <= 100) {
candidates.push_back(std::make_pair(x, y));
}
}
}
return candidates;
}
void remove_by_sum(std::vector<std::pair<int, int>> &candidates, const int sum) {
candidates.erase(std::remove_if(
candidates.begin(), candidates.end(),
[sum](const std::pair<int, int> &pair) {
auto s = pair.first + pair.second;
return s == sum;
}
), candidates.end());
}
void remove_by_prod(std::vector<std::pair<int, int>> &candidates, const int prod) {
candidates.erase(std::remove_if(
candidates.begin(), candidates.end(),
[prod](const std::pair<int, int> &pair) {
auto p = pair.first * pair.second;
return p == prod;
}
), candidates.end());
}
void statement1(std::vector<std::pair<int, int>> &candidates) {
std::map<int, int> uniqueMap;
std::for_each(
candidates.cbegin(), candidates.cend(),
[&uniqueMap](const std::pair<int, int> &pair) {
auto prod = pair.first * pair.second;
uniqueMap[prod]++;
}
);
bool loop;
do {
loop = false;
for (auto &pair : candidates) {
auto prod = pair.first * pair.second;
if (uniqueMap[prod] == 1) {
auto sum = pair.first + pair.second;
remove_by_sum(candidates, sum);
loop = true;
break;
}
}
} while (loop);
}
void statement2(std::vector<std::pair<int, int>> &candidates) {
std::map<int, int> uniqueMap;
std::for_each(
candidates.cbegin(), candidates.cend(),
[&uniqueMap](const std::pair<int, int> &pair) {
auto prod = pair.first * pair.second;
uniqueMap[prod]++;
}
);
bool loop;
do {
loop = false;
for (auto &pair : candidates) {
auto prod = pair.first * pair.second;
if (uniqueMap[prod] > 1) {
remove_by_prod(candidates, prod);
loop = true;
break;
}
}
} while (loop);
}
void statement3(std::vector<std::pair<int, int>> &candidates) {
std::map<int, int> uniqueMap;
std::for_each(
candidates.cbegin(), candidates.cend(),
[&uniqueMap](const std::pair<int, int> &pair) {
auto sum = pair.first + pair.second;
uniqueMap[sum]++;
}
);
bool loop;
do {
loop = false;
for (auto &pair : candidates) {
auto sum = pair.first + pair.second;
if (uniqueMap[sum] > 1) {
remove_by_sum(candidates, sum);
loop = true;
break;
}
}
} while (loop);
}
int main() {
auto candidates = setup();
print_count(candidates);
statement1(candidates);
print_count(candidates);
statement2(candidates);
print_count(candidates);
statement3(candidates);
print_count(candidates);
std::cout << candidates;
return 0;
}
|
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in C++. | using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
public class Program
{
public static void Main() {
string infix = "3 + 4 * 2 / ( 1 - 5 ) ^ 2 ^ 3";
Console.WriteLine(infix.ToPostfix());
}
}
public static class ShuntingYard
{
private static readonly Dictionary<string, (string symbol, int precedence, bool rightAssociative)> operators
= new (string symbol, int precedence, bool rightAssociative) [] {
("^", 4, true),
("*", 3, false),
("/", 3, false),
("+", 2, false),
("-", 2, false)
}.ToDictionary(op => op.symbol);
public static string ToPostfix(this string infix) {
string[] tokens = infix.Split(' ');
var stack = new Stack<string>();
var output = new List<string>();
foreach (string token in tokens) {
if (int.TryParse(token, out _)) {
output.Add(token);
Print(token);
} else if (operators.TryGetValue(token, out var op1)) {
while (stack.Count > 0 && operators.TryGetValue(stack.Peek(), out var op2)) {
int c = op1.precedence.CompareTo(op2.precedence);
if (c < 0 || !op1.rightAssociative && c <= 0) {
output.Add(stack.Pop());
} else {
break;
}
}
stack.Push(token);
Print(token);
} else if (token == "(") {
stack.Push(token);
Print(token);
} else if (token == ")") {
string top = "";
while (stack.Count > 0 && (top = stack.Pop()) != "(") {
output.Add(top);
}
if (top != "(") throw new ArgumentException("No matching left parenthesis.");
Print(token);
}
}
while (stack.Count > 0) {
var top = stack.Pop();
if (!operators.ContainsKey(top)) throw new ArgumentException("No matching right parenthesis.");
output.Add(top);
}
Print("pop");
return string.Join(" ", output);
void Print(string action) => Console.WriteLine($"{action + ":",-4} {$"stack[ {string.Join(" ", stack.Reverse())} ]",-18} {$"out[ {string.Join(" ", output)} ]"}");
void Print(string action) => Console.WriteLine("{0,-4} {1,-18} {2}", action + ":", $"stack[ {string.Join(" ", stack.Reverse())} ]", $"out[ {string.Join(" ", output)} ]");
}
}
| #include <ciso646>
#include <iostream>
#include <regex>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
using std::vector;
using std::string;
#include <exception>
#include <stdexcept>
template <typename...Args> std::runtime_error error( Args...args )
{
return std::runtime_error( (std::ostringstream{} << ... << args).str() );
};
template <typename T> struct stack : public std::vector <T>
{
using base_type = std::vector <T> ;
T push ( const T& x ) { base_type::push_back( x ); return x; }
const T& top () { return base_type::back(); }
T pop () { T x = std::move( top() ); base_type::pop_back(); return x; }
bool empty() { return base_type::empty(); }
};
using Number = double;
using Operator_Name = string;
using Precedence = int;
enum class Associates { none, left_to_right, right_to_left };
struct Operator_Info { Precedence precedence; Associates associativity; };
std::unordered_map <Operator_Name, Operator_Info> Operators =
{
{ "^", { 4, Associates::right_to_left } },
{ "*", { 3, Associates::left_to_right } },
{ "/", { 3, Associates::left_to_right } },
{ "+", { 2, Associates::left_to_right } },
{ "-", { 2, Associates::left_to_right } },
};
Precedence precedence ( const Operator_Name& op ) { return Operators[ op ].precedence; }
Associates associativity( const Operator_Name& op ) { return Operators[ op ].associativity; }
using Token = string;
bool is_number ( const Token& t ) { return regex_match( t, std::regex{ R"z((\d+(\.\d*)?|\.\d+)([Ee][\+\-]?\d+)?)z" } ); }
bool is_operator ( const Token& t ) { return Operators.count( t ); }
bool is_open_parenthesis ( const Token& t ) { return t == "("; }
bool is_close_parenthesis( const Token& t ) { return t == ")"; }
bool is_parenthesis ( const Token& t ) { return is_open_parenthesis( t ) or is_close_parenthesis( t ); }
template <typename T> std::ostream& operator << ( std::ostream& outs, const std::vector <T> & xs )
{
std::size_t n = 0; for (auto x : xs) outs << (n++ ? " " : "") << x; return outs;
}
#include <iomanip>
struct Progressive_Display
{
string token_name;
string token_type;
Progressive_Display()
{
std::cout << "\n"
" INPUT │ TYPE │ ACTION │ STACK │ OUTPUT\n"
"────────┼──────┼──────────────────┼──────────────┼─────────────────────────────\n";
}
Progressive_Display& operator () ( const Token& token )
{
token_name = token;
token_type = is_operator ( token ) ? "op"
: is_parenthesis( token ) ? "()"
: is_number ( token ) ? "num"
: "";
return *this;
}
Progressive_Display& operator () (
const string & description,
const stack <Token> & stack,
const vector <Token> & output )
{
std::cout << std::right
<< std::setw( 7 ) << token_name << " │ " << std::left
<< std::setw( 4 ) << token_type << " │ "
<< std::setw( 16 ) << description << " │ "
<< std::setw( 12 ) << (std::ostringstream{} << stack).str() << " │ "
<< output << "\n";
return operator () ( "" );
}
};
vector <Token> parse( const vector <Token> & tokens )
{
vector <Token> output;
stack <Token> stack;
Progressive_Display display;
for (auto token : tokens)
if (is_number( token ))
{
output.push_back( token );
display( token )( "num --> output", stack, output );
}
else if (is_operator( token ) or is_parenthesis( token ))
{
display( token );
if (!is_open_parenthesis( token ))
{
while (!stack.empty()
and ( (is_close_parenthesis( token ) and !is_open_parenthesis( stack.top() ))
or (precedence( stack.top() ) > precedence( token ))
or ( (precedence( stack.top() ) == precedence( token ))
and (associativity( token ) == Associates::left_to_right))))
{
output.push_back( stack.pop() );
display( "pop --> output", stack, output );
}
if (is_close_parenthesis( token ))
{
stack.pop();
display( "pop", stack, output );
}
}
if (!is_close_parenthesis( token ))
{
stack.push( token );
display( "push op", stack, output );
}
}
else throw error( "unexpected token: ", token );
display( "END" );
while (!stack.empty())
{
output.push_back( stack.pop() );
display( "pop --> output", stack, output );
}
return output;
}
int main( int argc, char** argv )
try
{
auto tokens = vector <Token> ( argv+1, argv+argc );
auto rpn_expr = parse( tokens );
std::cout
<< "\nInfix = " << tokens
<< "\nRPN = " << rpn_expr
<< "\n";
}
catch (std::exception e)
{
std::cerr << "error: " << e.what() << "\n";
return 1;
}
|
Port the provided C# code into C++ while preserving the original functionality. | using System;
namespace RosettaCode
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string text = Math.Abs(int.Parse(Console.ReadLine())).ToString();
Console.WriteLine(text.Length < 2 || text.Length % 2 == 0 ? "Error" : text.Substring((text.Length - 3) / 2, 3));
}
}
}
| #include <iostream>
std::string middleThreeDigits(int n)
{
auto number = std::to_string(std::abs(n));
auto length = number.size();
if (length < 3) {
return "less than three digits";
} else if (length % 2 == 0) {
return "even number of digits";
} else {
return number.substr(length / 2 - 1, 3);
}
}
int main()
{
auto values {123, 12345, 1234567, 987654321, 10001,
-10001, -123, -100, 100, -12345,
1, 2, -1, -10, 2002, -2002, 0};
for (auto&& v : values) {
std::cout << "middleThreeDigits(" << v << "): " <<
middleThreeDigits(v) << "\n";
}
}
|
Convert this C# snippet to C++ and keep its semantics consistent. | using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
static class Program {
static List<int> l = new List<int>() { 1, 1 };
static int gcd(int a, int b) {
return a > 0 ? a < b ? gcd(b % a, a) : gcd(a % b, b) : b; }
static void Main(string[] args) {
int max = 1000; int take = 15; int i = 1;
int[] selection = new[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 100 };
do { l.AddRange(new List<int>() { l[i] + l[i - 1], l[i] }); i += 1; }
while (l.Count < max || l[l.Count - 2] != selection.Last());
Console.Write("The first {0} items In the Stern-Brocot sequence: ", take);
Console.WriteLine("{0}\n", string.Join(", ", l.Take(take)));
Console.WriteLine("The locations of where the selected numbers (1-to-10, & 100) first appear:");
foreach (int ii in selection) {
int j = l.FindIndex(x => x == ii) + 1; Console.WriteLine("{0,3}: {1:n0}", ii, j); }
Console.WriteLine(); bool good = true;
for (i = 1; i <= max; i++) { if (gcd(l[i], l[i - 1]) != 1) { good = false; break; } }
Console.WriteLine("The greatest common divisor of all the two consecutive items of the" +
" series up to the {0}th item is {1}always one.", max, good ? "" : "not ");
}
}
| #include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
unsigned gcd( unsigned i, unsigned j ) {
return i ? i < j ? gcd( j % i, i ) : gcd( i % j, j ) : j;
}
void createSequence( std::vector<unsigned>& seq, int c ) {
if( 1500 == seq.size() ) return;
unsigned t = seq.at( c ) + seq.at( c + 1 );
seq.push_back( t );
seq.push_back( seq.at( c + 1 ) );
createSequence( seq, c + 1 );
}
int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) {
std::vector<unsigned> seq( 2, 1 );
createSequence( seq, 0 );
std::cout << "First fifteen members of the sequence:\n ";
for( unsigned x = 0; x < 15; x++ ) {
std::cout << seq[x] << " ";
}
std::cout << "\n\n";
for( unsigned x = 1; x < 11; x++ ) {
std::vector<unsigned>::iterator i = std::find( seq.begin(), seq.end(), x );
if( i != seq.end() ) {
std::cout << std::setw( 3 ) << x << " is at pos. #" << 1 + distance( seq.begin(), i ) << "\n";
}
}
std::cout << "\n";
std::vector<unsigned>::iterator i = std::find( seq.begin(), seq.end(), 100 );
if( i != seq.end() ) {
std::cout << 100 << " is at pos. #" << 1 + distance( seq.begin(), i ) << "\n";
}
std::cout << "\n";
unsigned g;
bool f = false;
for( int x = 0, y = 1; x < 1000; x++, y++ ) {
g = gcd( seq[x], seq[y] );
if( g != 1 ) f = true;
std::cout << std::setw( 4 ) << x + 1 << ": GCD (" << seq[x] << ", "
<< seq[y] << ") = " << g << ( g != 1 ? " <-- ERROR\n" : "\n" );
}
std::cout << "\n" << ( f ? "THERE WERE ERRORS --- NOT ALL GCDs ARE '1'!" : "CORRECT: ALL GCDs ARE '1'!" ) << "\n\n";
return 0;
}
|
Ensure the translated C++ code behaves exactly like the original C# snippet. | using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
class Program
{
public class FastaEntry
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public StringBuilder Sequence { get; set; }
}
static IEnumerable<FastaEntry> ParseFasta(StreamReader fastaFile)
{
FastaEntry f = null;
string line;
while ((line = fastaFile.ReadLine()) != null)
{
if (line.StartsWith(";"))
continue;
if (line.StartsWith(">"))
{
if (f != null)
yield return f;
f = new FastaEntry { Name = line.Substring(1), Sequence = new StringBuilder() };
}
else if (f != null)
f.Sequence.Append(line);
}
yield return f;
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
try
{
using (var fastaFile = new StreamReader("fasta.txt"))
{
foreach (FastaEntry f in ParseFasta(fastaFile))
Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", f.Name, f.Sequence);
}
}
catch (FileNotFoundException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e);
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
| #include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
int main( int argc, char **argv ){
if( argc <= 1 ){
std::cerr << "Usage: "<<argv[0]<<" [infile]" << std::endl;
return -1;
}
std::ifstream input(argv[1]);
if(!input.good()){
std::cerr << "Error opening '"<<argv[1]<<"'. Bailing out." << std::endl;
return -1;
}
std::string line, name, content;
while( std::getline( input, line ).good() ){
if( line.empty() || line[0] == '>' ){
if( !name.empty() ){
std::cout << name << " : " << content << std::endl;
name.clear();
}
if( !line.empty() ){
name = line.substr(1);
}
content.clear();
} else if( !name.empty() ){
if( line.find(' ') != std::string::npos ){
name.clear();
content.clear();
} else {
content += line;
}
}
}
if( !name.empty() ){
std::cout << name << " : " << content << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}
|
Change the following C++ code into C# without altering its purpose. | auto strA = R"(this is
a newline-separated
raw string)";
| string path = @"C:\Windows\System32";
string multiline = @"Line 1.
Line 2.
Line 3.";
|
Can you help me rewrite this code in C# instead of C++, keeping it the same logically? | enum fruits { apple, banana, cherry };
enum fruits { apple = 0, banana = 1, cherry = 2 };
| enum fruits { apple, banana, cherry }
enum fruits { apple = 0, banana = 1, cherry = 2 }
enum fruits : int { apple = 0, banana = 1, cherry = 2 }
[FlagsAttribute]
enum Colors { Red = 1, Green = 2, Blue = 4, Yellow = 8 }
|
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from C++ to C#. | #include <list>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
class point {
public:
point( int a = 0, int b = 0 ) { x = a; y = b; }
bool operator ==( const point& o ) { return o.x == x && o.y == y; }
point operator +( const point& o ) { return point( o.x + x, o.y + y ); }
int x, y;
};
class map {
public:
map() {
char t[8][8] = {
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
{0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0},
{0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0},
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
};
w = h = 8;
for( int r = 0; r < h; r++ )
for( int s = 0; s < w; s++ )
m[s][r] = t[r][s];
}
int operator() ( int x, int y ) { return m[x][y]; }
char m[8][8];
int w, h;
};
class node {
public:
bool operator == (const node& o ) { return pos == o.pos; }
bool operator == (const point& o ) { return pos == o; }
bool operator < (const node& o ) { return dist + cost < o.dist + o.cost; }
point pos, parent;
int dist, cost;
};
class aStar {
public:
aStar() {
neighbours[0] = point( -1, -1 ); neighbours[1] = point( 1, -1 );
neighbours[2] = point( -1, 1 ); neighbours[3] = point( 1, 1 );
neighbours[4] = point( 0, -1 ); neighbours[5] = point( -1, 0 );
neighbours[6] = point( 0, 1 ); neighbours[7] = point( 1, 0 );
}
int calcDist( point& p ){
int x = end.x - p.x, y = end.y - p.y;
return( x * x + y * y );
}
bool isValid( point& p ) {
return ( p.x >-1 && p.y > -1 && p.x < m.w && p.y < m.h );
}
bool existPoint( point& p, int cost ) {
std::list<node>::iterator i;
i = std::find( closed.begin(), closed.end(), p );
if( i != closed.end() ) {
if( ( *i ).cost + ( *i ).dist < cost ) return true;
else { closed.erase( i ); return false; }
}
i = std::find( open.begin(), open.end(), p );
if( i != open.end() ) {
if( ( *i ).cost + ( *i ).dist < cost ) return true;
else { open.erase( i ); return false; }
}
return false;
}
bool fillOpen( node& n ) {
int stepCost, nc, dist;
point neighbour;
for( int x = 0; x < 8; x++ ) {
stepCost = x < 4 ? 1 : 1;
neighbour = n.pos + neighbours[x];
if( neighbour == end ) return true;
if( isValid( neighbour ) && m( neighbour.x, neighbour.y ) != 1 ) {
nc = stepCost + n.cost;
dist = calcDist( neighbour );
if( !existPoint( neighbour, nc + dist ) ) {
node m;
m.cost = nc; m.dist = dist;
m.pos = neighbour;
m.parent = n.pos;
open.push_back( m );
}
}
}
return false;
}
bool search( point& s, point& e, map& mp ) {
node n; end = e; start = s; m = mp;
n.cost = 0; n.pos = s; n.parent = 0; n.dist = calcDist( s );
open.push_back( n );
while( !open.empty() ) {
node n = open.front();
open.pop_front();
closed.push_back( n );
if( fillOpen( n ) ) return true;
}
return false;
}
int path( std::list<point>& path ) {
path.push_front( end );
int cost = 1 + closed.back().cost;
path.push_front( closed.back().pos );
point parent = closed.back().parent;
for( std::list<node>::reverse_iterator i = closed.rbegin(); i != closed.rend(); i++ ) {
if( ( *i ).pos == parent && !( ( *i ).pos == start ) ) {
path.push_front( ( *i ).pos );
parent = ( *i ).parent;
}
}
path.push_front( start );
return cost;
}
map m; point end, start;
point neighbours[8];
std::list<node> open;
std::list<node> closed;
};
int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) {
map m;
point s, e( 7, 7 );
aStar as;
if( as.search( s, e, m ) ) {
std::list<point> path;
int c = as.path( path );
for( int y = -1; y < 9; y++ ) {
for( int x = -1; x < 9; x++ ) {
if( x < 0 || y < 0 || x > 7 || y > 7 || m( x, y ) == 1 )
std::cout << char(0xdb);
else {
if( std::find( path.begin(), path.end(), point( x, y ) )!= path.end() )
std::cout << "x";
else std::cout << ".";
}
}
std::cout << "\n";
}
std::cout << "\nPath cost " << c << ": ";
for( std::list<point>::iterator i = path.begin(); i != path.end(); i++ ) {
std::cout<< "(" << ( *i ).x << ", " << ( *i ).y << ") ";
}
}
std::cout << "\n\n";
return 0;
}
| using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace A_star
{
class A_star
{
public class Coordinates : IEquatable<Coordinates>
{
public int row;
public int col;
public Coordinates() { this.row = -1; this.col = -1; }
public Coordinates(int row, int col) { this.row = row; this.col = col; }
public Boolean Equals(Coordinates c)
{
if (this.row == c.row && this.col == c.col)
return true;
else
return false;
}
}
public class Cell
{
public int cost;
public int g;
public int f;
public Coordinates parent;
}
public class Astar
{
public Cell[,] cells = new Cell[8, 8];
public List<Coordinates> path = new List<Coordinates>();
public List<Coordinates> opened = new List<Coordinates>();
public List<Coordinates> closed = new List<Coordinates>();
public Coordinates startCell = new Coordinates(0, 0);
public Coordinates finishCell = new Coordinates(7, 7);
public Astar()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++)
{
cells[i, j] = new Cell();
cells[i, j].parent = new Coordinates();
if (IsAWall(i, j))
cells[i, j].cost = 100;
else
cells[i, j].cost = 1;
}
opened.Add(startCell);
Boolean pathFound = false;
do
{
List<Coordinates> neighbors = new List<Coordinates>();
Coordinates currentCell = ShorterExpectedPath();
neighbors = neighborsCells(currentCell);
foreach (Coordinates newCell in neighbors)
{
if (newCell.row == finishCell.row && newCell.col == finishCell.col)
{
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].g = cells[currentCell.row,
currentCell.col].g + cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].cost;
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].parent.row = currentCell.row;
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].parent.col = currentCell.col;
pathFound = true;
break;
}
else if (!opened.Contains(newCell) && !closed.Contains(newCell))
{
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].g = cells[currentCell.row,
currentCell.col].g + cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].cost;
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].f =
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].g + Heuristic(newCell);
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].parent.row = currentCell.row;
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].parent.col = currentCell.col;
SetCell(newCell, opened);
}
else if (cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].g > cells[currentCell.row,
currentCell.col].g + cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].cost)
{
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].g = cells[currentCell.row,
currentCell.col].g + cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].cost;
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].f =
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].g + Heuristic(newCell);
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].parent.row = currentCell.row;
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].parent.col = currentCell.col;
SetCell(newCell, opened);
ResetCell(newCell, closed);
}
}
SetCell(currentCell, closed);
ResetCell(currentCell, opened);
} while (opened.Count > 0 && pathFound == false);
if (pathFound)
{
path.Add(finishCell);
Coordinates currentCell = new Coordinates(finishCell.row, finishCell.col);
while (cells[currentCell.row, currentCell.col].parent.row >= 0)
{
path.Add(cells[currentCell.row, currentCell.col].parent);
int tmp_row = cells[currentCell.row, currentCell.col].parent.row;
currentCell.col = cells[currentCell.row, currentCell.col].parent.col;
currentCell.row = tmp_row;
}
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++)
{
char gr = '.';
if (path.Contains(new Coordinates(i, j))) { gr = 'X'; }
else if (cells[i, j].cost > 1) { gr = '\u2588'; }
System.Console.Write(gr);
}
System.Console.WriteLine();
}
System.Console.Write("\nPath: ");
for (int i = path.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
System.Console.Write("({0},{1})", path[i].row, path[i].col);
}
System.Console.WriteLine("\nPath cost: {0}", path.Count - 1);
String wt = System.Console.ReadLine();
}
}
public Coordinates ShorterExpectedPath()
{
int sep = 0;
if (opened.Count > 1)
{
for (int i = 1; i < opened.Count; i++)
{
if (cells[opened[i].row, opened[i].col].f < cells[opened[sep].row,
opened[sep].col].f)
{
sep = i;
}
}
}
return opened[sep];
}
public List<Coordinates> neighborsCells(Coordinates c)
{
List<Coordinates> lc = new List<Coordinates>();
for (int i = -1; i <= 1; i++)
for (int j = -1; j <= 1; j++)
if (c.row+i >= 0 && c.row+i < 8 && c.col+j >= 0 && c.col+j < 8 &&
(i != 0 || j != 0))
{
lc.Add(new Coordinates(c.row + i, c.col + j));
}
return lc;
}
public bool IsAWall(int row, int col)
{
int[,] walls = new int[,] { { 2, 4 }, { 2, 5 }, { 2, 6 }, { 3, 6 }, { 4, 6 },
{ 5, 6 }, { 5, 5 }, { 5, 4 }, { 5, 3 }, { 5, 2 }, { 4, 2 }, { 3, 2 } };
bool found = false;
for (int i = 0; i < walls.GetLength(0); i++)
if (walls[i,0] == row && walls[i,1] == col)
found = true;
return found;
}
public int Heuristic(Coordinates cell)
{
int dRow = Math.Abs(finishCell.row - cell.row);
int dCol = Math.Abs(finishCell.col - cell.col);
return Math.Max(dRow, dCol);
}
public void SetCell(Coordinates cell, List<Coordinates> coordinatesList)
{
if (coordinatesList.Contains(cell) == false)
{
coordinatesList.Add(cell);
}
}
public void ResetCell(Coordinates cell, List<Coordinates> coordinatesList)
{
if (coordinatesList.Contains(cell))
{
coordinatesList.Remove(cell);
}
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Astar astar = new Astar();
}
}
}
|
Please provide an equivalent version of this C++ code in C#. | #include <list>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
class point {
public:
point( int a = 0, int b = 0 ) { x = a; y = b; }
bool operator ==( const point& o ) { return o.x == x && o.y == y; }
point operator +( const point& o ) { return point( o.x + x, o.y + y ); }
int x, y;
};
class map {
public:
map() {
char t[8][8] = {
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
{0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0},
{0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0},
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
};
w = h = 8;
for( int r = 0; r < h; r++ )
for( int s = 0; s < w; s++ )
m[s][r] = t[r][s];
}
int operator() ( int x, int y ) { return m[x][y]; }
char m[8][8];
int w, h;
};
class node {
public:
bool operator == (const node& o ) { return pos == o.pos; }
bool operator == (const point& o ) { return pos == o; }
bool operator < (const node& o ) { return dist + cost < o.dist + o.cost; }
point pos, parent;
int dist, cost;
};
class aStar {
public:
aStar() {
neighbours[0] = point( -1, -1 ); neighbours[1] = point( 1, -1 );
neighbours[2] = point( -1, 1 ); neighbours[3] = point( 1, 1 );
neighbours[4] = point( 0, -1 ); neighbours[5] = point( -1, 0 );
neighbours[6] = point( 0, 1 ); neighbours[7] = point( 1, 0 );
}
int calcDist( point& p ){
int x = end.x - p.x, y = end.y - p.y;
return( x * x + y * y );
}
bool isValid( point& p ) {
return ( p.x >-1 && p.y > -1 && p.x < m.w && p.y < m.h );
}
bool existPoint( point& p, int cost ) {
std::list<node>::iterator i;
i = std::find( closed.begin(), closed.end(), p );
if( i != closed.end() ) {
if( ( *i ).cost + ( *i ).dist < cost ) return true;
else { closed.erase( i ); return false; }
}
i = std::find( open.begin(), open.end(), p );
if( i != open.end() ) {
if( ( *i ).cost + ( *i ).dist < cost ) return true;
else { open.erase( i ); return false; }
}
return false;
}
bool fillOpen( node& n ) {
int stepCost, nc, dist;
point neighbour;
for( int x = 0; x < 8; x++ ) {
stepCost = x < 4 ? 1 : 1;
neighbour = n.pos + neighbours[x];
if( neighbour == end ) return true;
if( isValid( neighbour ) && m( neighbour.x, neighbour.y ) != 1 ) {
nc = stepCost + n.cost;
dist = calcDist( neighbour );
if( !existPoint( neighbour, nc + dist ) ) {
node m;
m.cost = nc; m.dist = dist;
m.pos = neighbour;
m.parent = n.pos;
open.push_back( m );
}
}
}
return false;
}
bool search( point& s, point& e, map& mp ) {
node n; end = e; start = s; m = mp;
n.cost = 0; n.pos = s; n.parent = 0; n.dist = calcDist( s );
open.push_back( n );
while( !open.empty() ) {
node n = open.front();
open.pop_front();
closed.push_back( n );
if( fillOpen( n ) ) return true;
}
return false;
}
int path( std::list<point>& path ) {
path.push_front( end );
int cost = 1 + closed.back().cost;
path.push_front( closed.back().pos );
point parent = closed.back().parent;
for( std::list<node>::reverse_iterator i = closed.rbegin(); i != closed.rend(); i++ ) {
if( ( *i ).pos == parent && !( ( *i ).pos == start ) ) {
path.push_front( ( *i ).pos );
parent = ( *i ).parent;
}
}
path.push_front( start );
return cost;
}
map m; point end, start;
point neighbours[8];
std::list<node> open;
std::list<node> closed;
};
int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) {
map m;
point s, e( 7, 7 );
aStar as;
if( as.search( s, e, m ) ) {
std::list<point> path;
int c = as.path( path );
for( int y = -1; y < 9; y++ ) {
for( int x = -1; x < 9; x++ ) {
if( x < 0 || y < 0 || x > 7 || y > 7 || m( x, y ) == 1 )
std::cout << char(0xdb);
else {
if( std::find( path.begin(), path.end(), point( x, y ) )!= path.end() )
std::cout << "x";
else std::cout << ".";
}
}
std::cout << "\n";
}
std::cout << "\nPath cost " << c << ": ";
for( std::list<point>::iterator i = path.begin(); i != path.end(); i++ ) {
std::cout<< "(" << ( *i ).x << ", " << ( *i ).y << ") ";
}
}
std::cout << "\n\n";
return 0;
}
| using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace A_star
{
class A_star
{
public class Coordinates : IEquatable<Coordinates>
{
public int row;
public int col;
public Coordinates() { this.row = -1; this.col = -1; }
public Coordinates(int row, int col) { this.row = row; this.col = col; }
public Boolean Equals(Coordinates c)
{
if (this.row == c.row && this.col == c.col)
return true;
else
return false;
}
}
public class Cell
{
public int cost;
public int g;
public int f;
public Coordinates parent;
}
public class Astar
{
public Cell[,] cells = new Cell[8, 8];
public List<Coordinates> path = new List<Coordinates>();
public List<Coordinates> opened = new List<Coordinates>();
public List<Coordinates> closed = new List<Coordinates>();
public Coordinates startCell = new Coordinates(0, 0);
public Coordinates finishCell = new Coordinates(7, 7);
public Astar()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++)
{
cells[i, j] = new Cell();
cells[i, j].parent = new Coordinates();
if (IsAWall(i, j))
cells[i, j].cost = 100;
else
cells[i, j].cost = 1;
}
opened.Add(startCell);
Boolean pathFound = false;
do
{
List<Coordinates> neighbors = new List<Coordinates>();
Coordinates currentCell = ShorterExpectedPath();
neighbors = neighborsCells(currentCell);
foreach (Coordinates newCell in neighbors)
{
if (newCell.row == finishCell.row && newCell.col == finishCell.col)
{
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].g = cells[currentCell.row,
currentCell.col].g + cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].cost;
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].parent.row = currentCell.row;
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].parent.col = currentCell.col;
pathFound = true;
break;
}
else if (!opened.Contains(newCell) && !closed.Contains(newCell))
{
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].g = cells[currentCell.row,
currentCell.col].g + cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].cost;
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].f =
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].g + Heuristic(newCell);
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].parent.row = currentCell.row;
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].parent.col = currentCell.col;
SetCell(newCell, opened);
}
else if (cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].g > cells[currentCell.row,
currentCell.col].g + cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].cost)
{
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].g = cells[currentCell.row,
currentCell.col].g + cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].cost;
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].f =
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].g + Heuristic(newCell);
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].parent.row = currentCell.row;
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].parent.col = currentCell.col;
SetCell(newCell, opened);
ResetCell(newCell, closed);
}
}
SetCell(currentCell, closed);
ResetCell(currentCell, opened);
} while (opened.Count > 0 && pathFound == false);
if (pathFound)
{
path.Add(finishCell);
Coordinates currentCell = new Coordinates(finishCell.row, finishCell.col);
while (cells[currentCell.row, currentCell.col].parent.row >= 0)
{
path.Add(cells[currentCell.row, currentCell.col].parent);
int tmp_row = cells[currentCell.row, currentCell.col].parent.row;
currentCell.col = cells[currentCell.row, currentCell.col].parent.col;
currentCell.row = tmp_row;
}
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++)
{
char gr = '.';
if (path.Contains(new Coordinates(i, j))) { gr = 'X'; }
else if (cells[i, j].cost > 1) { gr = '\u2588'; }
System.Console.Write(gr);
}
System.Console.WriteLine();
}
System.Console.Write("\nPath: ");
for (int i = path.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
System.Console.Write("({0},{1})", path[i].row, path[i].col);
}
System.Console.WriteLine("\nPath cost: {0}", path.Count - 1);
String wt = System.Console.ReadLine();
}
}
public Coordinates ShorterExpectedPath()
{
int sep = 0;
if (opened.Count > 1)
{
for (int i = 1; i < opened.Count; i++)
{
if (cells[opened[i].row, opened[i].col].f < cells[opened[sep].row,
opened[sep].col].f)
{
sep = i;
}
}
}
return opened[sep];
}
public List<Coordinates> neighborsCells(Coordinates c)
{
List<Coordinates> lc = new List<Coordinates>();
for (int i = -1; i <= 1; i++)
for (int j = -1; j <= 1; j++)
if (c.row+i >= 0 && c.row+i < 8 && c.col+j >= 0 && c.col+j < 8 &&
(i != 0 || j != 0))
{
lc.Add(new Coordinates(c.row + i, c.col + j));
}
return lc;
}
public bool IsAWall(int row, int col)
{
int[,] walls = new int[,] { { 2, 4 }, { 2, 5 }, { 2, 6 }, { 3, 6 }, { 4, 6 },
{ 5, 6 }, { 5, 5 }, { 5, 4 }, { 5, 3 }, { 5, 2 }, { 4, 2 }, { 3, 2 } };
bool found = false;
for (int i = 0; i < walls.GetLength(0); i++)
if (walls[i,0] == row && walls[i,1] == col)
found = true;
return found;
}
public int Heuristic(Coordinates cell)
{
int dRow = Math.Abs(finishCell.row - cell.row);
int dCol = Math.Abs(finishCell.col - cell.col);
return Math.Max(dRow, dCol);
}
public void SetCell(Coordinates cell, List<Coordinates> coordinatesList)
{
if (coordinatesList.Contains(cell) == false)
{
coordinatesList.Add(cell);
}
}
public void ResetCell(Coordinates cell, List<Coordinates> coordinatesList)
{
if (coordinatesList.Contains(cell))
{
coordinatesList.Remove(cell);
}
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Astar astar = new Astar();
}
}
}
|
Change the programming language of this snippet from C++ to C# without modifying what it does. | #include <list>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
class point {
public:
point( int a = 0, int b = 0 ) { x = a; y = b; }
bool operator ==( const point& o ) { return o.x == x && o.y == y; }
point operator +( const point& o ) { return point( o.x + x, o.y + y ); }
int x, y;
};
class map {
public:
map() {
char t[8][8] = {
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
{0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0},
{0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0},
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
};
w = h = 8;
for( int r = 0; r < h; r++ )
for( int s = 0; s < w; s++ )
m[s][r] = t[r][s];
}
int operator() ( int x, int y ) { return m[x][y]; }
char m[8][8];
int w, h;
};
class node {
public:
bool operator == (const node& o ) { return pos == o.pos; }
bool operator == (const point& o ) { return pos == o; }
bool operator < (const node& o ) { return dist + cost < o.dist + o.cost; }
point pos, parent;
int dist, cost;
};
class aStar {
public:
aStar() {
neighbours[0] = point( -1, -1 ); neighbours[1] = point( 1, -1 );
neighbours[2] = point( -1, 1 ); neighbours[3] = point( 1, 1 );
neighbours[4] = point( 0, -1 ); neighbours[5] = point( -1, 0 );
neighbours[6] = point( 0, 1 ); neighbours[7] = point( 1, 0 );
}
int calcDist( point& p ){
int x = end.x - p.x, y = end.y - p.y;
return( x * x + y * y );
}
bool isValid( point& p ) {
return ( p.x >-1 && p.y > -1 && p.x < m.w && p.y < m.h );
}
bool existPoint( point& p, int cost ) {
std::list<node>::iterator i;
i = std::find( closed.begin(), closed.end(), p );
if( i != closed.end() ) {
if( ( *i ).cost + ( *i ).dist < cost ) return true;
else { closed.erase( i ); return false; }
}
i = std::find( open.begin(), open.end(), p );
if( i != open.end() ) {
if( ( *i ).cost + ( *i ).dist < cost ) return true;
else { open.erase( i ); return false; }
}
return false;
}
bool fillOpen( node& n ) {
int stepCost, nc, dist;
point neighbour;
for( int x = 0; x < 8; x++ ) {
stepCost = x < 4 ? 1 : 1;
neighbour = n.pos + neighbours[x];
if( neighbour == end ) return true;
if( isValid( neighbour ) && m( neighbour.x, neighbour.y ) != 1 ) {
nc = stepCost + n.cost;
dist = calcDist( neighbour );
if( !existPoint( neighbour, nc + dist ) ) {
node m;
m.cost = nc; m.dist = dist;
m.pos = neighbour;
m.parent = n.pos;
open.push_back( m );
}
}
}
return false;
}
bool search( point& s, point& e, map& mp ) {
node n; end = e; start = s; m = mp;
n.cost = 0; n.pos = s; n.parent = 0; n.dist = calcDist( s );
open.push_back( n );
while( !open.empty() ) {
node n = open.front();
open.pop_front();
closed.push_back( n );
if( fillOpen( n ) ) return true;
}
return false;
}
int path( std::list<point>& path ) {
path.push_front( end );
int cost = 1 + closed.back().cost;
path.push_front( closed.back().pos );
point parent = closed.back().parent;
for( std::list<node>::reverse_iterator i = closed.rbegin(); i != closed.rend(); i++ ) {
if( ( *i ).pos == parent && !( ( *i ).pos == start ) ) {
path.push_front( ( *i ).pos );
parent = ( *i ).parent;
}
}
path.push_front( start );
return cost;
}
map m; point end, start;
point neighbours[8];
std::list<node> open;
std::list<node> closed;
};
int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) {
map m;
point s, e( 7, 7 );
aStar as;
if( as.search( s, e, m ) ) {
std::list<point> path;
int c = as.path( path );
for( int y = -1; y < 9; y++ ) {
for( int x = -1; x < 9; x++ ) {
if( x < 0 || y < 0 || x > 7 || y > 7 || m( x, y ) == 1 )
std::cout << char(0xdb);
else {
if( std::find( path.begin(), path.end(), point( x, y ) )!= path.end() )
std::cout << "x";
else std::cout << ".";
}
}
std::cout << "\n";
}
std::cout << "\nPath cost " << c << ": ";
for( std::list<point>::iterator i = path.begin(); i != path.end(); i++ ) {
std::cout<< "(" << ( *i ).x << ", " << ( *i ).y << ") ";
}
}
std::cout << "\n\n";
return 0;
}
| using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace A_star
{
class A_star
{
public class Coordinates : IEquatable<Coordinates>
{
public int row;
public int col;
public Coordinates() { this.row = -1; this.col = -1; }
public Coordinates(int row, int col) { this.row = row; this.col = col; }
public Boolean Equals(Coordinates c)
{
if (this.row == c.row && this.col == c.col)
return true;
else
return false;
}
}
public class Cell
{
public int cost;
public int g;
public int f;
public Coordinates parent;
}
public class Astar
{
public Cell[,] cells = new Cell[8, 8];
public List<Coordinates> path = new List<Coordinates>();
public List<Coordinates> opened = new List<Coordinates>();
public List<Coordinates> closed = new List<Coordinates>();
public Coordinates startCell = new Coordinates(0, 0);
public Coordinates finishCell = new Coordinates(7, 7);
public Astar()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++)
{
cells[i, j] = new Cell();
cells[i, j].parent = new Coordinates();
if (IsAWall(i, j))
cells[i, j].cost = 100;
else
cells[i, j].cost = 1;
}
opened.Add(startCell);
Boolean pathFound = false;
do
{
List<Coordinates> neighbors = new List<Coordinates>();
Coordinates currentCell = ShorterExpectedPath();
neighbors = neighborsCells(currentCell);
foreach (Coordinates newCell in neighbors)
{
if (newCell.row == finishCell.row && newCell.col == finishCell.col)
{
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].g = cells[currentCell.row,
currentCell.col].g + cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].cost;
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].parent.row = currentCell.row;
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].parent.col = currentCell.col;
pathFound = true;
break;
}
else if (!opened.Contains(newCell) && !closed.Contains(newCell))
{
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].g = cells[currentCell.row,
currentCell.col].g + cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].cost;
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].f =
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].g + Heuristic(newCell);
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].parent.row = currentCell.row;
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].parent.col = currentCell.col;
SetCell(newCell, opened);
}
else if (cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].g > cells[currentCell.row,
currentCell.col].g + cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].cost)
{
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].g = cells[currentCell.row,
currentCell.col].g + cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].cost;
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].f =
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].g + Heuristic(newCell);
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].parent.row = currentCell.row;
cells[newCell.row, newCell.col].parent.col = currentCell.col;
SetCell(newCell, opened);
ResetCell(newCell, closed);
}
}
SetCell(currentCell, closed);
ResetCell(currentCell, opened);
} while (opened.Count > 0 && pathFound == false);
if (pathFound)
{
path.Add(finishCell);
Coordinates currentCell = new Coordinates(finishCell.row, finishCell.col);
while (cells[currentCell.row, currentCell.col].parent.row >= 0)
{
path.Add(cells[currentCell.row, currentCell.col].parent);
int tmp_row = cells[currentCell.row, currentCell.col].parent.row;
currentCell.col = cells[currentCell.row, currentCell.col].parent.col;
currentCell.row = tmp_row;
}
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++)
{
char gr = '.';
if (path.Contains(new Coordinates(i, j))) { gr = 'X'; }
else if (cells[i, j].cost > 1) { gr = '\u2588'; }
System.Console.Write(gr);
}
System.Console.WriteLine();
}
System.Console.Write("\nPath: ");
for (int i = path.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
System.Console.Write("({0},{1})", path[i].row, path[i].col);
}
System.Console.WriteLine("\nPath cost: {0}", path.Count - 1);
String wt = System.Console.ReadLine();
}
}
public Coordinates ShorterExpectedPath()
{
int sep = 0;
if (opened.Count > 1)
{
for (int i = 1; i < opened.Count; i++)
{
if (cells[opened[i].row, opened[i].col].f < cells[opened[sep].row,
opened[sep].col].f)
{
sep = i;
}
}
}
return opened[sep];
}
public List<Coordinates> neighborsCells(Coordinates c)
{
List<Coordinates> lc = new List<Coordinates>();
for (int i = -1; i <= 1; i++)
for (int j = -1; j <= 1; j++)
if (c.row+i >= 0 && c.row+i < 8 && c.col+j >= 0 && c.col+j < 8 &&
(i != 0 || j != 0))
{
lc.Add(new Coordinates(c.row + i, c.col + j));
}
return lc;
}
public bool IsAWall(int row, int col)
{
int[,] walls = new int[,] { { 2, 4 }, { 2, 5 }, { 2, 6 }, { 3, 6 }, { 4, 6 },
{ 5, 6 }, { 5, 5 }, { 5, 4 }, { 5, 3 }, { 5, 2 }, { 4, 2 }, { 3, 2 } };
bool found = false;
for (int i = 0; i < walls.GetLength(0); i++)
if (walls[i,0] == row && walls[i,1] == col)
found = true;
return found;
}
public int Heuristic(Coordinates cell)
{
int dRow = Math.Abs(finishCell.row - cell.row);
int dCol = Math.Abs(finishCell.col - cell.col);
return Math.Max(dRow, dCol);
}
public void SetCell(Coordinates cell, List<Coordinates> coordinatesList)
{
if (coordinatesList.Contains(cell) == false)
{
coordinatesList.Add(cell);
}
}
public void ResetCell(Coordinates cell, List<Coordinates> coordinatesList)
{
if (coordinatesList.Contains(cell))
{
coordinatesList.Remove(cell);
}
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Astar astar = new Astar();
}
}
}
|
Change the following C# code into C++ without altering its purpose. | using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
class RangeExtraction
{
static void Main()
{
const string testString = "0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 14,15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24,25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36,37, 38, 39";
var result = String.Join(",", RangesToStrings(GetRanges(testString)));
Console.Out.WriteLine(result);
}
public static IEnumerable<IEnumerable<int>> GetRanges(string testString)
{
var numbers = testString.Split(new[] { ',' }).Select(x => Convert.ToInt32(x));
var current = new List<int>();
foreach (var n in numbers)
{
if (current.Count == 0)
{
current.Add(n);
}
else
{
if (current.Max() + 1 == n)
{
current.Add(n);
}
else
{
yield return current;
current = new List<int> { n };
}
}
}
yield return current;
}
public static IEnumerable<string> RangesToStrings(IEnumerable<IEnumerable<int>> ranges)
{
foreach (var range in ranges)
{
if (range.Count() == 1)
{
yield return range.Single().ToString();
}
else if (range.Count() == 2)
{
yield return range.Min() + "," + range.Max();
}
else
{
yield return range.Min() + "-" + range.Max();
}
}
}
}
| #include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <cstddef>
template<typename InIter>
void extract_ranges(InIter begin, InIter end, std::ostream& os)
{
if (begin == end)
return;
int current = *begin++;
os << current;
int count = 1;
while (begin != end)
{
int next = *begin++;
if (next == current+1)
++count;
else
{
if (count > 2)
os << '-';
else
os << ',';
if (count > 1)
os << current << ',';
os << next;
count = 1;
}
current = next;
}
if (count > 1)
os << (count > 2? '-' : ',') << current;
}
template<typename T, std::size_t n>
T* end(T (&array)[n])
{
return array+n;
}
int main()
{
int data[] = { 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 14,
15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24,
25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36,
37, 38, 39 };
extract_ranges(data, end(data), std::cout);
std::cout << std::endl;
}
|
Produce a language-to-language conversion: from C++ to C#, same semantics. | #include <iostream>
template <typename T>
auto typeString(const T&) {
return typeid(T).name();
}
class C {};
struct S {};
int main() {
std::cout << typeString(1) << '\n';
std::cout << typeString(1L) << '\n';
std::cout << typeString(1.0f) << '\n';
std::cout << typeString(1.0) << '\n';
std::cout << typeString('c') << '\n';
std::cout << typeString("string") << '\n';
std::cout << typeString(C{}) << '\n';
std::cout << typeString(S{}) << '\n';
std::cout << typeString(nullptr) << '\n';
}
| using System;
namespace TypeDetection {
class C { }
struct S { }
enum E {
NONE,
}
class Program {
static void ShowType<T>(T t) {
Console.WriteLine("The type of '{0}' is {1}", t, t.GetType());
}
static void Main() {
ShowType(5);
ShowType(7.5);
ShowType('d');
ShowType(true);
ShowType("Rosetta");
ShowType(new C());
ShowType(new S());
ShowType(E.NONE);
ShowType(new int[] { 1, 2, 3 });
}
}
}
|
Generate an equivalent C# version of this C++ code. | #include <iostream>
template <typename T>
auto typeString(const T&) {
return typeid(T).name();
}
class C {};
struct S {};
int main() {
std::cout << typeString(1) << '\n';
std::cout << typeString(1L) << '\n';
std::cout << typeString(1.0f) << '\n';
std::cout << typeString(1.0) << '\n';
std::cout << typeString('c') << '\n';
std::cout << typeString("string") << '\n';
std::cout << typeString(C{}) << '\n';
std::cout << typeString(S{}) << '\n';
std::cout << typeString(nullptr) << '\n';
}
| using System;
namespace TypeDetection {
class C { }
struct S { }
enum E {
NONE,
}
class Program {
static void ShowType<T>(T t) {
Console.WriteLine("The type of '{0}' is {1}", t, t.GetType());
}
static void Main() {
ShowType(5);
ShowType(7.5);
ShowType('d');
ShowType(true);
ShowType("Rosetta");
ShowType(new C());
ShowType(new S());
ShowType(E.NONE);
ShowType(new int[] { 1, 2, 3 });
}
}
}
|
Generate an equivalent C++ version of this C# code. | using System;
namespace RosetaCode
{
class MainClass
{
public static void Main (string[] args)
{
int[,] list = new int[18,19];
string input = @"55
94 48
95 30 96
77 71 26 67
97 13 76 38 45
07 36 79 16 37 68
48 07 09 18 70 26 06
18 72 79 46 59 79 29 90
20 76 87 11 32 07 07 49 18
27 83 58 35 71 11 25 57 29 85
14 64 36 96 27 11 58 56 92 18 55
02 90 03 60 48 49 41 46 33 36 47 23
92 50 48 02 36 59 42 79 72 20 82 77 42
56 78 38 80 39 75 02 71 66 66 01 03 55 72
44 25 67 84 71 67 11 61 40 57 58 89 40 56 36
85 32 25 85 57 48 84 35 47 62 17 01 01 99 89 52
06 71 28 75 94 48 37 10 23 51 06 48 53 18 74 98 15
27 02 92 23 08 71 76 84 15 52 92 63 81 10 44 10 69 93";
var charArray = input.Split ('\n');
for (int i=0; i < charArray.Length; i++) {
var numArr = charArray[i].Trim().Split(' ');
for (int j = 0; j<numArr.Length; j++)
{
int number = Convert.ToInt32 (numArr[j]);
list [i, j] = number;
}
}
for (int i = 16; i >= 0; i--) {
for (int j = 0; j < 18; j++) {
list[i,j] = Math.Max(list[i, j] + list[i+1, j], list[i,j] + list[i+1, j+1]);
}
}
Console.WriteLine (string.Format("Maximum total: {0}", list [0, 0]));
}
}
}
|
#include <iostream>
int main( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
int triangle[] =
{
55,
94, 48,
95, 30, 96,
77, 71, 26, 67,
97, 13, 76, 38, 45,
7, 36, 79, 16, 37, 68,
48, 7, 9, 18, 70, 26, 6,
18, 72, 79, 46, 59, 79, 29, 90,
20, 76, 87, 11, 32, 7, 7, 49, 18,
27, 83, 58, 35, 71, 11, 25, 57, 29, 85,
14, 64, 36, 96, 27, 11, 58, 56, 92, 18, 55,
2, 90, 3, 60, 48, 49, 41, 46, 33, 36, 47, 23,
92, 50, 48, 2, 36, 59, 42, 79, 72, 20, 82, 77, 42,
56, 78, 38, 80, 39, 75, 2, 71, 66, 66, 1, 3, 55, 72,
44, 25, 67, 84, 71, 67, 11, 61, 40, 57, 58, 89, 40, 56, 36,
85, 32, 25, 85, 57, 48, 84, 35, 47, 62, 17, 1, 1, 99, 89, 52,
6, 71, 28, 75, 94, 48, 37, 10, 23, 51, 6, 48, 53, 18, 74, 98, 15,
27, 2, 92, 23, 8, 71, 76, 84, 15, 52, 92, 63, 81, 10, 44, 10, 69, 93
};
const int size = sizeof( triangle ) / sizeof( int );
const int tn = static_cast<int>(sqrt(2.0 * size));
assert(tn * (tn + 1) == 2 * size);
for (int n = tn - 1; n > 0; --n)
for (int k = (n * (n-1)) / 2; k < (n * (n+1)) / 2; ++k)
triangle[k] += std::max(triangle[k + n], triangle[k + n + 1]);
std::cout << "Maximum total: " << triangle[0] << "\n\n";
}
|
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in C++. | using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Unix_ls
{
public class UnixLS
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
UnixLS ls = new UnixLS();
ls.list(args.Length.Equals(0) ? "." : args[0]);
}
private void list(string folder)
{
foreach (FileSystemInfo fileSystemInfo in new DirectoryInfo(folder).EnumerateFileSystemInfos("*", SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly))
{
Console.WriteLine(fileSystemInfo.Name);
}
}
}
}
| #include <iostream>
#include <set>
#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
int main(void)
{
fs::path p(fs::current_path());
std::set<std::string> tree;
for (auto it = fs::directory_iterator(p); it != fs::directory_iterator(); ++it)
tree.insert(it->path().filename().native());
for (auto entry : tree)
std::cout << entry << '\n';
}
|
Write the same algorithm in C++ as shown in this C# implementation. | using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Unix_ls
{
public class UnixLS
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
UnixLS ls = new UnixLS();
ls.list(args.Length.Equals(0) ? "." : args[0]);
}
private void list(string folder)
{
foreach (FileSystemInfo fileSystemInfo in new DirectoryInfo(folder).EnumerateFileSystemInfos("*", SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly))
{
Console.WriteLine(fileSystemInfo.Name);
}
}
}
}
| #include <iostream>
#include <set>
#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
int main(void)
{
fs::path p(fs::current_path());
std::set<std::string> tree;
for (auto it = fs::directory_iterator(p); it != fs::directory_iterator(); ++it)
tree.insert(it->path().filename().native());
for (auto entry : tree)
std::cout << entry << '\n';
}
|
Please provide an equivalent version of this C# code in C++. | using System;
namespace MagicSquareDoublyEven
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int n = 8;
var result = MagicSquareDoublyEven(n);
for (int i = 0; i < result.GetLength(0); i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < result.GetLength(1); j++)
Console.Write("{0,2} ", result[i, j]);
Console.WriteLine();
}
Console.WriteLine("\nMagic constant: {0} ", (n * n + 1) * n / 2);
Console.ReadLine();
}
private static int[,] MagicSquareDoublyEven(int n)
{
if (n < 4 || n % 4 != 0)
throw new ArgumentException("base must be a positive "
+ "multiple of 4");
int bits = 0b1001_0110_0110_1001;
int size = n * n;
int mult = n / 4;
int[,] result = new int[n, n];
for (int r = 0, i = 0; r < n; r++)
{
for (int c = 0; c < n; c++, i++)
{
int bitPos = c / mult + (r / mult) * 4;
result[r, c] = (bits & (1 << bitPos)) != 0 ? i + 1 : size - i;
}
}
return result;
}
}
}
| #include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
class magicSqr
{
public:
magicSqr( int d ) {
while( d % 4 > 0 ) { d++; }
sz = d;
sqr = new int[sz * sz];
fillSqr();
}
~magicSqr() { delete [] sqr; }
void display() const {
cout << "Doubly Even Magic Square: " << sz << " x " << sz << "\n";
cout << "It's Magic Sum is: " << magicNumber() << "\n\n";
ostringstream cvr; cvr << sz * sz;
int l = cvr.str().size();
for( int y = 0; y < sz; y++ ) {
int yy = y * sz;
for( int x = 0; x < sz; x++ ) {
cout << setw( l + 2 ) << sqr[yy + x];
}
cout << "\n";
}
cout << "\n\n";
}
private:
void fillSqr() {
static const bool tempAll[4][4] = {{ 1, 0, 0, 1 }, { 0, 1, 1, 0 }, { 0, 1, 1, 0 }, { 1, 0, 0, 1 } };
int i = 0;
for( int curRow = 0; curRow < sz; curRow++ ) {
for( int curCol = 0; curCol < sz; curCol++ ) {
sqr[curCol + sz * curRow] = tempAll[curRow % 4][curCol % 4] ? i + 1 : sz * sz - i;
i++;
}
}
}
int magicNumber() const { return sz * ( ( sz * sz ) + 1 ) / 2; }
int* sqr;
int sz;
};
int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) {
magicSqr s( 8 );
s.display();
return 0;
}
|
Generate a C++ translation of this C# snippet without changing its computational steps. | using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
namespace Same_Fringe
{
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
var rnd = new Random(110456);
var randList = Enumerable.Range(0, 20).Select(i => rnd.Next(1000)).ToList();
var bt1 = new BinTree<int>(randList);
Shuffle(randList, 428);
var bt2 = new BinTree<int>(randList);
Console.WriteLine(bt1.CompareTo(bt2) ? "True compare worked" : "True compare failed");
bt1.Insert(0);
Console.WriteLine(bt1.CompareTo(bt2) ? "False compare failed" : "False compare worked");
}
static void Shuffle<T>(List<T> values, int seed)
{
var rnd = new Random(seed);
for (var i = 0; i < values.Count - 2; i++)
{
var iSwap = rnd.Next(values.Count - i) + i;
var tmp = values[iSwap];
values[iSwap] = values[i];
values[i] = tmp;
}
}
}
class BinTree<T> where T:IComparable
{
private BinTree<T> _left;
private BinTree<T> _right;
private T _value;
private BinTree<T> Left
{
get { return _left; }
}
private BinTree<T> Right
{
get { return _right; }
}
private T Value
{
get { return _value; }
}
public bool IsLeaf { get { return Left == null; } }
private BinTree(BinTree<T> left, BinTree<T> right, T value)
{
_left = left;
_right = right;
_value = value;
}
public BinTree(T value) : this(null, null, value) { }
public BinTree(IEnumerable<T> values)
{
_value = values.First();
foreach (var value in values.Skip(1))
{
Insert(value);
}
}
public void Insert(T value)
{
if (IsLeaf)
{
if (value.CompareTo(Value) < 0)
{
_left = new BinTree<T>(value);
_right = new BinTree<T>(Value);
}
else
{
_left = new BinTree<T>(Value);
_right = new BinTree<T>(value);
_value = value;
}
}
else
{
if (value.CompareTo(Value) < 0)
{
Left.Insert(value);
}
else
{
Right.Insert(value);
}
}
}
public IEnumerable<T> GetLeaves()
{
if (IsLeaf)
{
yield return Value;
yield break;
}
foreach (var val in Left.GetLeaves())
{
yield return val;
}
foreach (var val in Right.GetLeaves())
{
yield return val;
}
}
internal bool CompareTo(BinTree<T> other)
{
return other.GetLeaves().Zip(GetLeaves(), (t1, t2) => t1.CompareTo(t2) == 0).All(f => f);
}
}
}
| #include <algorithm>
#include <coroutine>
#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
#include <tuple>
#include <variant>
using namespace std;
class BinaryTree
{
using Node = tuple<BinaryTree, int, BinaryTree>;
unique_ptr<Node> m_tree;
public:
BinaryTree() = default;
BinaryTree(BinaryTree&& leftChild, int value, BinaryTree&& rightChild)
: m_tree {make_unique<Node>(move(leftChild), value, move(rightChild))} {}
BinaryTree(int value) : BinaryTree(BinaryTree{}, value, BinaryTree{}){}
BinaryTree(BinaryTree&& leftChild, int value)
: BinaryTree(move(leftChild), value, BinaryTree{}){}
BinaryTree(int value, BinaryTree&& rightChild)
: BinaryTree(BinaryTree{}, value, move(rightChild)){}
explicit operator bool() const
{
return (bool)m_tree;
}
int Value() const
{
return get<1>(*m_tree);
}
const BinaryTree& LeftChild() const
{
return get<0>(*m_tree);
}
const BinaryTree& RightChild() const
{
return get<2>(*m_tree);
}
};
struct TreeWalker {
struct promise_type {
int val;
suspend_never initial_suspend() noexcept {return {};}
suspend_never return_void() noexcept {return {};}
suspend_always final_suspend() noexcept {return {};}
void unhandled_exception() noexcept { }
TreeWalker get_return_object()
{
return TreeWalker{coroutine_handle<promise_type>::from_promise(*this)};
}
suspend_always yield_value(int x) noexcept
{
val=x;
return {};
}
};
coroutine_handle<promise_type> coro;
TreeWalker(coroutine_handle<promise_type> h): coro(h) {}
~TreeWalker()
{
if(coro) coro.destroy();
}
class Iterator
{
const coroutine_handle<promise_type>* m_h = nullptr;
public:
Iterator() = default;
constexpr Iterator(const coroutine_handle<promise_type>* h) : m_h(h){}
Iterator& operator++()
{
m_h->resume();
return *this;
}
Iterator operator++(int)
{
auto old(*this);
m_h->resume();
return old;
}
int operator*() const
{
return m_h->promise().val;
}
bool operator!=(monostate) const noexcept
{
return !m_h->done();
return m_h && !m_h->done();
}
bool operator==(monostate) const noexcept
{
return !operator!=(monostate{});
}
};
constexpr Iterator begin() const noexcept
{
return Iterator(&coro);
}
constexpr monostate end() const noexcept
{
return monostate{};
}
};
namespace std {
template<>
class iterator_traits<TreeWalker::Iterator>
{
public:
using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
using size_type = std::size_t;
using value_type = int;
using pointer = int*;
using reference = int&;
using iterator_category = std::input_iterator_tag;
};
}
TreeWalker WalkFringe(const BinaryTree& tree)
{
if(tree)
{
auto& left = tree.LeftChild();
auto& right = tree.RightChild();
if(!left && !right)
{
co_yield tree.Value();
}
for(auto v : WalkFringe(left))
{
co_yield v;
}
for(auto v : WalkFringe(right))
{
co_yield v;
}
}
co_return;
}
void PrintTree(const BinaryTree& tree)
{
if(tree)
{
cout << "(";
PrintTree(tree.LeftChild());
cout << tree.Value();
PrintTree(tree.RightChild());
cout <<")";
}
}
void Compare(const BinaryTree& tree1, const BinaryTree& tree2)
{
auto walker1 = WalkFringe(tree1);
auto walker2 = WalkFringe(tree2);
bool sameFringe = ranges::equal(walker1.begin(), walker1.end(),
walker2.begin(), walker2.end());
PrintTree(tree1);
cout << (sameFringe ? " has same fringe as " : " has different fringe than ");
PrintTree(tree2);
cout << "\n";
}
int main()
{
BinaryTree tree1(BinaryTree{6}, 77, BinaryTree{BinaryTree{3}, 77,
BinaryTree{77, BinaryTree{9}}});
BinaryTree tree2(BinaryTree{BinaryTree{BinaryTree{6}, 77}, 77, BinaryTree{
BinaryTree{3}, 77, BinaryTree{9}}});
BinaryTree tree3(BinaryTree{BinaryTree{BinaryTree{6}, 77}, 77, BinaryTree{77, BinaryTree{9}}});
Compare(tree1, tree2);
Compare(tree1, tree3);
}
|
Convert this C# block to C++, preserving its control flow and logic. | using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace PeacefulChessQueenArmies {
using Position = Tuple<int, int>;
enum Piece {
Empty,
Black,
White
}
class Program {
static bool IsAttacking(Position queen, Position pos) {
return queen.Item1 == pos.Item1
|| queen.Item2 == pos.Item2
|| Math.Abs(queen.Item1 - pos.Item1) == Math.Abs(queen.Item2 - pos.Item2);
}
static bool Place(int m, int n, List<Position> pBlackQueens, List<Position> pWhiteQueens) {
if (m == 0) {
return true;
}
bool placingBlack = true;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
var pos = new Position(i, j);
foreach (var queen in pBlackQueens) {
if (queen.Equals(pos) || !placingBlack && IsAttacking(queen, pos)) {
goto inner;
}
}
foreach (var queen in pWhiteQueens) {
if (queen.Equals(pos) || placingBlack && IsAttacking(queen, pos)) {
goto inner;
}
}
if (placingBlack) {
pBlackQueens.Add(pos);
placingBlack = false;
} else {
pWhiteQueens.Add(pos);
if (Place(m - 1, n, pBlackQueens, pWhiteQueens)) {
return true;
}
pBlackQueens.RemoveAt(pBlackQueens.Count - 1);
pWhiteQueens.RemoveAt(pWhiteQueens.Count - 1);
placingBlack = true;
}
inner: { }
}
}
if (!placingBlack) {
pBlackQueens.RemoveAt(pBlackQueens.Count - 1);
}
return false;
}
static void PrintBoard(int n, List<Position> blackQueens, List<Position> whiteQueens) {
var board = new Piece[n * n];
foreach (var queen in blackQueens) {
board[queen.Item1 * n + queen.Item2] = Piece.Black;
}
foreach (var queen in whiteQueens) {
board[queen.Item1 * n + queen.Item2] = Piece.White;
}
for (int i = 0; i < board.Length; i++) {
if (i != 0 && i % n == 0) {
Console.WriteLine();
}
switch (board[i]) {
case Piece.Black:
Console.Write("B ");
break;
case Piece.White:
Console.Write("W ");
break;
case Piece.Empty:
int j = i / n;
int k = i - j * n;
if (j % 2 == k % 2) {
Console.Write(" ");
} else {
Console.Write("# ");
}
break;
}
}
Console.WriteLine("\n");
}
static void Main() {
var nms = new int[,] {
{2, 1}, {3, 1}, {3, 2}, {4, 1}, {4, 2}, {4, 3},
{5, 1}, {5, 2}, {5, 3}, {5, 4}, {5, 5},
{6, 1}, {6, 2}, {6, 3}, {6, 4}, {6, 5}, {6, 6},
{7, 1}, {7, 2}, {7, 3}, {7, 4}, {7, 5}, {7, 6}, {7, 7},
};
for (int i = 0; i < nms.GetLength(0); i++) {
Console.WriteLine("{0} black and {0} white queens on a {1} x {1} board:", nms[i, 1], nms[i, 0]);
List<Position> blackQueens = new List<Position>();
List<Position> whiteQueens = new List<Position>();
if (Place(nms[i, 1], nms[i, 0], blackQueens, whiteQueens)) {
PrintBoard(nms[i, 0], blackQueens, whiteQueens);
} else {
Console.WriteLine("No solution exists.\n");
}
}
}
}
}
| #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
enum class Piece {
empty,
black,
white
};
typedef std::pair<int, int> position;
bool isAttacking(const position &queen, const position &pos) {
return queen.first == pos.first
|| queen.second == pos.second
|| abs(queen.first - pos.first) == abs(queen.second - pos.second);
}
bool place(const int m, const int n, std::vector<position> &pBlackQueens, std::vector<position> &pWhiteQueens) {
if (m == 0) {
return true;
}
bool placingBlack = true;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
auto pos = std::make_pair(i, j);
for (auto queen : pBlackQueens) {
if (queen == pos || !placingBlack && isAttacking(queen, pos)) {
goto inner;
}
}
for (auto queen : pWhiteQueens) {
if (queen == pos || placingBlack && isAttacking(queen, pos)) {
goto inner;
}
}
if (placingBlack) {
pBlackQueens.push_back(pos);
placingBlack = false;
} else {
pWhiteQueens.push_back(pos);
if (place(m - 1, n, pBlackQueens, pWhiteQueens)) {
return true;
}
pBlackQueens.pop_back();
pWhiteQueens.pop_back();
placingBlack = true;
}
inner: {}
}
}
if (!placingBlack) {
pBlackQueens.pop_back();
}
return false;
}
void printBoard(int n, const std::vector<position> &blackQueens, const std::vector<position> &whiteQueens) {
std::vector<Piece> board(n * n);
std::fill(board.begin(), board.end(), Piece::empty);
for (auto &queen : blackQueens) {
board[queen.first * n + queen.second] = Piece::black;
}
for (auto &queen : whiteQueens) {
board[queen.first * n + queen.second] = Piece::white;
}
for (size_t i = 0; i < board.size(); ++i) {
if (i != 0 && i % n == 0) {
std::cout << '\n';
}
switch (board[i]) {
case Piece::black:
std::cout << "B ";
break;
case Piece::white:
std::cout << "W ";
break;
case Piece::empty:
default:
int j = i / n;
int k = i - j * n;
if (j % 2 == k % 2) {
std::cout << "x ";
} else {
std::cout << "* ";
}
break;
}
}
std::cout << "\n\n";
}
int main() {
std::vector<position> nms = {
{2, 1}, {3, 1}, {3, 2}, {4, 1}, {4, 2}, {4, 3},
{5, 1}, {5, 2}, {5, 3}, {5, 4}, {5, 5},
{6, 1}, {6, 2}, {6, 3}, {6, 4}, {6, 5}, {6, 6},
{7, 1}, {7, 2}, {7, 3}, {7, 4}, {7, 5}, {7, 6}, {7, 7},
};
for (auto nm : nms) {
std::cout << nm.second << " black and " << nm.second << " white queens on a " << nm.first << " x " << nm.first << " board:\n";
std::vector<position> blackQueens, whiteQueens;
if (place(nm.second, nm.first, blackQueens, whiteQueens)) {
printBoard(nm.first, blackQueens, whiteQueens);
} else {
std::cout << "No solution exists.\n\n";
}
}
return 0;
}
|
Change the following C# code into C++ without altering its purpose. | using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
namespace MoveToFront
{
class Program
{
private static char[] symbolTable;
private static void setSymbolTable()
{
symbolTable = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz".ToCharArray();
}
private static void moveToFront(int charIndex)
{
char toFront = symbolTable[charIndex];
for (int j = charIndex; j > 0; j--)
{
symbolTable[j] = symbolTable[j - 1];
}
symbolTable[0] = toFront;
}
public static int[] Encode(string input)
{
setSymbolTable();
var output = new List<int>();
foreach (char c in input)
{
for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++)
{
if (symbolTable[i] == c)
{
output.Add(i);
moveToFront(i);
break;
}
}
}
return output.ToArray();
}
public static string Decode(int[] input)
{
setSymbolTable();
var output = new StringBuilder(input.Length);
foreach (int n in input)
{
output.Append(symbolTable[n]);
moveToFront(n);
}
return output.ToString();
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string[] testInputs = new string[] { "broood", "bananaaa", "hiphophiphop" };
int[] encoding;
foreach (string s in testInputs)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Encoding for '{s}':");
encoding = Encode(s);
foreach (int i in encoding)
{
Console.Write($"{i} ");
}
Console.WriteLine($"\nDecoding for '{s}':");
Console.WriteLine($"{Decode(encoding)}\n");
}
}
}
}
| #include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <sstream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
class MTF
{
public:
string encode( string str )
{
fillSymbolTable();
vector<int> output;
for( string::iterator it = str.begin(); it != str.end(); it++ )
{
for( int i = 0; i < 26; i++ )
{
if( *it == symbolTable[i] )
{
output.push_back( i );
moveToFront( i );
break;
}
}
}
string r;
for( vector<int>::iterator it = output.begin(); it != output.end(); it++ )
{
ostringstream ss;
ss << *it;
r += ss.str() + " ";
}
return r;
}
string decode( string str )
{
fillSymbolTable();
istringstream iss( str ); vector<int> output;
copy( istream_iterator<int>( iss ), istream_iterator<int>(), back_inserter<vector<int> >( output ) );
string r;
for( vector<int>::iterator it = output.begin(); it != output.end(); it++ )
{
r.append( 1, symbolTable[*it] );
moveToFront( *it );
}
return r;
}
private:
void moveToFront( int i )
{
char t = symbolTable[i];
for( int z = i - 1; z >= 0; z-- )
symbolTable[z + 1] = symbolTable[z];
symbolTable[0] = t;
}
void fillSymbolTable()
{
for( int x = 0; x < 26; x++ )
symbolTable[x] = x + 'a';
}
char symbolTable[26];
};
int main()
{
MTF mtf;
string a, str[] = { "broood", "bananaaa", "hiphophiphop" };
for( int x = 0; x < 3; x++ )
{
a = str[x];
cout << a << " -> encoded = ";
a = mtf.encode( a );
cout << a << "; decoded = " << mtf.decode( a ) << endl;
}
return 0;
}
|
Please provide an equivalent version of this C++ code in C#. | #include <array>
#include <cstdio>
#include <numeric>
void PrintContainer(const auto& vec)
{
int count = 0;
for(auto value : vec)
{
printf("%7d%c", value, ++count % 10 == 0 ? '\n' : ' ');
}
}
int main()
{
auto cube = [](auto x){return x * x * x;};
std::array<int, 50> a;
std::iota(a.begin(), a.end(), 0);
std::transform_inclusive_scan(a.begin(), a.end(), a.begin(), std::plus{}, cube);
PrintContainer(a);
}
| using System; using static System.Console;
class Program { static void Main(string[] args) {
for (int i=0,j=-6,k=1,c=0,s=0;s<1600000;s+=c+=k+=j+=6)
Write("{0,-7}{1}",s, (i+=i==3?-4:1)==0?"\n":" "); } }
|
Change the following C++ code into C# without altering its purpose. | system("pause");
| using System.Diagnostics;
namespace Execute
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Process.Start("cmd.exe", "/c dir");
}
}
}
|
Convert the following code from C# to C++, ensuring the logic remains intact. | using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
public static class LIS
{
public static IEnumerable<T> FindRec<T>(IList<T> values, IComparer<T> comparer = null) =>
values == null ? throw new ArgumentNullException() :
FindRecImpl(values, Sequence<T>.Empty, 0, comparer ?? Comparer<T>.Default).Reverse();
private static Sequence<T> FindRecImpl<T>(IList<T> values, Sequence<T> current, int index, IComparer<T> comparer) {
if (index == values.Count) return current;
if (current.Length > 0 && comparer.Compare(values[index], current.Value) <= 0)
return FindRecImpl(values, current, index + 1, comparer);
return Max(
FindRecImpl(values, current, index + 1, comparer),
FindRecImpl(values, current + values[index], index + 1, comparer)
);
}
private static Sequence<T> Max<T>(Sequence<T> a, Sequence<T> b) => a.Length < b.Length ? b : a;
class Sequence<T> : IEnumerable<T>
{
public static readonly Sequence<T> Empty = new Sequence<T>(default(T), null);
public Sequence(T value, Sequence<T> tail)
{
Value = value;
Tail = tail;
Length = tail == null ? 0 : tail.Length + 1;
}
public T Value { get; }
public Sequence<T> Tail { get; }
public int Length { get; }
public static Sequence<T> operator +(Sequence<T> s, T value) => new Sequence<T>(value, s);
public IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator()
{
for (var s = this; s.Length > 0; s = s.Tail) yield return s.Value;
}
IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
}
}
| #include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
template <typename T>
struct Node {
T value;
Node* prev_node;
};
template <typename Container>
Container lis(const Container& values) {
using E = typename Container::value_type;
using NodePtr = Node<E>*;
using ConstNodePtr = const NodePtr;
std::vector<NodePtr> pileTops;
std::vector<Node<E>> nodes(values.size());
auto cur_node = std::begin(nodes);
for (auto cur_value = std::begin(values); cur_value != std::end(values); ++cur_value, ++cur_node)
{
auto node = &*cur_node;
node->value = *cur_value;
auto lb = std::lower_bound(pileTops.begin(), pileTops.end(), node,
[](ConstNodePtr& node1, ConstNodePtr& node2) -> bool { return node1->value < node2->value; });
if (lb != pileTops.begin())
node->prev_node = *std::prev(lb);
if (lb == pileTops.end())
pileTops.push_back(node);
else
*lb = node;
}
Container result(pileTops.size());
auto r = std::rbegin(result);
for (NodePtr node = pileTops.back(); node != nullptr; node = node->prev_node, ++r)
*r = node->value;
return result;
}
template <typename Container>
void show_lis(const Container& values)
{
auto&& result = lis(values);
for (auto& r : result) {
std::cout << r << ' ';
}
std::cout << std::endl;
}
int main()
{
show_lis(std::list<int> { 3, 2, 6, 4, 5, 1 });
show_lis(std::vector<int> { 0, 8, 4, 12, 2, 10, 6, 14, 1, 9, 5, 13, 3, 11, 7, 15 });
}
|
Convert this C++ snippet to C# and keep its semantics consistent. | #include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <string>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
namespace detail {
template <typename ForwardIterator>
class tokenizer
{
ForwardIterator _tbegin, _tend, _end;
public:
tokenizer(ForwardIterator begin, ForwardIterator end)
: _tbegin(begin), _tend(begin), _end(end)
{ }
template <typename Lambda>
bool next(Lambda istoken)
{
if (_tbegin == _end) {
return false;
}
_tbegin = _tend;
for (; _tend != _end && !istoken(*_tend); ++_tend) {
if (*_tend == '\\' && std::next(_tend) != _end) {
++_tend;
}
}
if (_tend == _tbegin) {
_tend++;
}
return _tbegin != _end;
}
ForwardIterator begin() const { return _tbegin; }
ForwardIterator end() const { return _tend; }
bool operator==(char c) { return *_tbegin == c; }
};
template <typename List>
void append_all(List & lista, const List & listb)
{
if (listb.size() == 1) {
for (auto & a : lista) {
a += listb.back();
}
} else {
List tmp;
for (auto & a : lista) {
for (auto & b : listb) {
tmp.push_back(a + b);
}
}
lista = std::move(tmp);
}
}
template <typename String, typename List, typename Tokenizer>
List expand(Tokenizer & token)
{
std::vector<List> alts{ { String() } };
while (token.next([](char c) { return c == '{' || c == ',' || c == '}'; })) {
if (token == '{') {
append_all(alts.back(), expand<String, List>(token));
} else if (token == ',') {
alts.push_back({ String() });
} else if (token == '}') {
if (alts.size() == 1) {
for (auto & a : alts.back()) {
a = '{' + a + '}';
}
return alts.back();
} else {
for (std::size_t i = 1; i < alts.size(); i++) {
alts.front().insert(alts.front().end(),
std::make_move_iterator(std::begin(alts[i])),
std::make_move_iterator(std::end(alts[i])));
}
return std::move(alts.front());
}
} else {
for (auto & a : alts.back()) {
a.append(token.begin(), token.end());
}
}
}
List result{ String{ '{' } };
append_all(result, alts.front());
for (std::size_t i = 1; i < alts.size(); i++) {
for (auto & a : result) {
a += ',';
}
append_all(result, alts[i]);
}
return result;
}
}
template <
typename ForwardIterator,
typename String = std::basic_string<
typename std::iterator_traits<ForwardIterator>::value_type
>,
typename List = std::vector<String>
>
List expand(ForwardIterator begin, ForwardIterator end)
{
detail::tokenizer<ForwardIterator> token(begin, end);
List list{ String() };
while (token.next([](char c) { return c == '{'; })) {
if (token == '{') {
detail::append_all(list, detail::expand<String, List>(token));
} else {
for (auto & a : list) {
a.append(token.begin(), token.end());
}
}
}
return list;
}
template <
typename Range,
typename String = std::basic_string<typename Range::value_type>,
typename List = std::vector<String>
>
List expand(const Range & range)
{
using Iterator = typename Range::const_iterator;
return expand<Iterator, String, List>(std::begin(range), std::end(range));
}
int main()
{
for (std::string string : {
R"(~/{Downloads,Pictures}/*.{jpg,gif,png})",
R"(It{{em,alic}iz,erat}e{d,}, please.)",
R"({,{,gotta have{ ,\, again\, }}more }cowbell!)",
R"({}} some {\\{edge,edgy} }{ cases, here\\\})",
R"(a{b{1,2}c)",
R"(a{1,2}b}c)",
R"(a{1,{2},3}b)",
R"(a{b{1,2}c{}})",
R"(more{ darn{ cowbell,},})",
R"(ab{c,d\,e{f,g\h},i\,j{k,l\,m}n,o\,p}qr)",
R"({a,{\,b}c)",
R"(a{b,{{c}})",
R"({a{\}b,c}d)",
R"({a,b{{1,2}e}f)",
R"({}} some }{,{\\{ edge, edge} \,}{ cases, {here} \\\\\})",
R"({{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{)",
}) {
std::cout << string << '\n';
for (auto expansion : expand(string)) {
std::cout << " " << expansion << '\n';
}
std::cout << '\n';
}
return 0;
}
| using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using static System.Linq.Enumerable;
public static class BraceExpansion
{
enum TokenType { OpenBrace, CloseBrace, Separator, Text, Alternate, Concat }
const char L = '{', R = '}', S = ',';
public static void Main() {
string[] input = {
"It{{em,alic}iz,erat}e{d,}, please.",
"~/{Downloads,Pictures}/*.{jpg,gif,png}",
@"{,{,gotta have{ ,\, again\, }}more }cowbell!",
@"{}} some }{,{\\{ edge, edge} \,}{ cases, {here} \\\\\}"
};
foreach (string text in input) Expand(text);
}
static void Expand(string input) {
Token token = Tokenize(input);
foreach (string value in token) Console.WriteLine(value);
Console.WriteLine();
}
static Token Tokenize(string input) {
var tokens = new List<Token>();
var buffer = new StringBuilder();
bool escaping = false;
int level = 0;
foreach (char c in input) {
(escaping, level, tokens, buffer) = c switch {
_ when escaping => (false, level, tokens, buffer.Append(c)),
'\\' => (true, level, tokens, buffer.Append(c)),
L => (escaping, level + 1,
tokens.With(buffer.Flush()).With(new Token(c.ToString(), TokenType.OpenBrace)), buffer),
S when level > 0 => (escaping, level,
tokens.With(buffer.Flush()).With(new Token(c.ToString(), TokenType.Separator)), buffer),
R when level > 0 => (escaping, level - 1,
tokens.With(buffer.Flush()).With(new Token(c.ToString(), TokenType.CloseBrace)).Merge(), buffer),
_ => (escaping, level, tokens, buffer.Append(c))
};
}
if (buffer.Length > 0) tokens.Add(buffer.Flush());
for (int i = 0; i < tokens.Count; i++) {
if (tokens[i].Type == TokenType.OpenBrace || tokens[i].Type == TokenType.Separator) {
tokens[i] = tokens[i].Value;
}
}
return new Token(tokens, TokenType.Concat);
}
static List<Token> Merge(this List<Token> list) {
int separators = 0;
int last = list.Count - 1;
for (int i = list.Count - 3; i >= 0; i--) {
if (list[i].Type == TokenType.Separator) {
separators++;
Concat(list, i + 1, last);
list.RemoveAt(i);
last = i;
} else if (list[i].Type == TokenType.OpenBrace) {
Concat(list, i + 1, last);
if (separators > 0) {
list[i] = new Token(list.Range((i+1)..^1), TokenType.Alternate);
list.RemoveRange(i+1, list.Count - i - 1);
} else {
list[i] = L.ToString();
list[^1] = R.ToString();
Concat(list, i, list.Count);
}
break;
}
}
return list;
}
static void Concat(List<Token> list, int s, int e) {
for (int i = e - 2; i >= s; i--) {
(Token a, Token b) = (list[i], list[i+1]);
switch (a.Type, b.Type) {
case (TokenType.Text, TokenType.Text):
list[i] = a.Value + b.Value;
list.RemoveAt(i+1);
break;
case (TokenType.Concat, TokenType.Concat):
a.SubTokens.AddRange(b.SubTokens);
list.RemoveAt(i+1);
break;
case (TokenType.Concat, TokenType.Text) when b.Value == "":
list.RemoveAt(i+1);
break;
case (TokenType.Text, TokenType.Concat) when a.Value == "":
list.RemoveAt(i);
break;
default:
list[i] = new Token(new [] { a, b }, TokenType.Concat);
list.RemoveAt(i+1);
break;
}
}
}
private struct Token : IEnumerable<string>
{
private List<Token>? _subTokens;
public string Value { get; }
public TokenType Type { get; }
public List<Token> SubTokens => _subTokens ??= new List<Token>();
public Token(string value, TokenType type) => (Value, Type, _subTokens) = (value, type, null);
public Token(IEnumerable<Token> subTokens, TokenType type) => (Value, Type, _subTokens) = ("", type, subTokens.ToList());
public static implicit operator Token(string value) => new Token(value, TokenType.Text);
public IEnumerator<string> GetEnumerator() => (Type switch
{
TokenType.Concat => SubTokens.Select(t => t.AsEnumerable()).CartesianProduct().Select(p => string.Join("", p)),
TokenType.Alternate => from t in SubTokens from s in t select s,
_ => Repeat(Value, 1)
}).GetEnumerator();
IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
}
static IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> CartesianProduct<T>(this IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> sequences) {
IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> emptyProduct = new[] { Empty<T>() };
return sequences.Aggregate(
emptyProduct,
(accumulator, sequence) =>
from acc in accumulator
from item in sequence
select acc.Concat(new [] { item }));
}
static List<Token> With(this List<Token> list, Token token) {
list.Add(token);
return list;
}
static IEnumerable<Token> Range(this List<Token> list, Range range) {
int start = range.Start.GetOffset(list.Count);
int end = range.End.GetOffset(list.Count);
for (int i = start; i < end; i++) yield return list[i];
}
static string Flush(this StringBuilder builder) {
string result = builder.ToString();
builder.Clear();
return result;
}
}
|
Write the same algorithm in C# as shown in this C++ implementation. | #ifndef INTERACTION_H
#define INTERACTION_H
#include <QWidget>
class QPushButton ;
class QLineEdit ;
class QVBoxLayout ;
class MyWidget : public QWidget {
Q_OBJECT
public :
MyWidget( QWidget *parent = 0 ) ;
private :
QLineEdit *entryField ;
QPushButton *increaseButton ;
QPushButton *randomButton ;
QVBoxLayout *myLayout ;
private slots :
void doIncrement( ) ;
void findRandomNumber( ) ;
} ;
#endif
| using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Windows.Forms;
class RosettaInteractionForm : Form
{
class NumberModel: INotifyPropertyChanged
{
Random rnd = new Random();
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged = delegate {};
int _value;
public int Value
{
get { return _value; }
set
{
_value = value;
PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("Value"));
}
}
public void ResetToRandom(){
Value = rnd.Next(5000);
}
}
NumberModel model = new NumberModel{ Value = 0};
RosettaInteractionForm()
{
var tbNumber = new MaskedTextBox
{
Mask="0000",
ResetOnSpace = false,
Dock = DockStyle.Top
};
tbNumber.DataBindings.Add("Text", model, "Value");
var btIncrement = new Button{Text = "Increment", Dock = DockStyle.Bottom};
btIncrement.Click += delegate
{
model.Value++;
};
var btDecrement = new Button{Text = "Decrement", Dock = DockStyle.Bottom};
btDecrement.Click += delegate
{
model.Value--;
};
var btRandom = new Button{ Text="Reset to Random", Dock = DockStyle.Bottom };
btRandom.Click += delegate
{
if (MessageBox.Show("Are you sure?", "Are you sure?", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo) == DialogResult.Yes)
model.ResetToRandom();
};
Controls.Add(tbNumber);
Controls.Add(btIncrement);
Controls.Add(btDecrement);
Controls.Add(btRandom);
}
static void Main()
{
Application.Run(new RosettaInteractionForm());
}
}
|
Can you help me rewrite this code in C++ instead of C#, keeping it the same logically? | class Program
{
private static Random rnd = new Random();
public static int one_of_n(int n)
{
int currentChoice = 1;
for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++)
{
double outerLimit = 1D / (double)i;
if (rnd.NextDouble() < outerLimit)
currentChoice = i;
}
return currentChoice;
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Dictionary<int, int> results = new Dictionary<int, int>();
for (int i = 1; i < 11; i++)
results.Add(i, 0);
for (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++)
{
int result = one_of_n(10);
results[result] = results[result] + 1;
}
for (int i = 1; i < 11; i++)
Console.WriteLine("{0}\t{1}", i, results[i]);
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
| #include <random>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
mt19937 engine;
unsigned int one_of_n(unsigned int n) {
unsigned int choice;
for(unsigned int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
uniform_int_distribution<unsigned int> distribution(0, i);
if(!distribution(engine))
choice = i;
}
return choice;
}
int main() {
engine = mt19937(random_device()());
unsigned int results[10] = {0};
for(unsigned int i = 0; i < 1000000; ++i)
results[one_of_n(10)]++;
ostream_iterator<unsigned int> out_it(cout, " ");
copy(results, results+10, out_it);
cout << '\n';
}
|
Transform the following C++ implementation into C#, maintaining the same output and logic. | #include <iostream>
#include <tuple>
#include <vector>
std::pair<int, int> tryPerm(int, int, const std::vector<int>&, int, int);
std::pair<int, int> checkSeq(int pos, const std::vector<int>& seq, int n, int minLen) {
if (pos > minLen || seq[0] > n) return { minLen, 0 };
else if (seq[0] == n) return { pos, 1 };
else if (pos < minLen) return tryPerm(0, pos, seq, n, minLen);
else return { minLen, 0 };
}
std::pair<int, int> tryPerm(int i, int pos, const std::vector<int>& seq, int n, int minLen) {
if (i > pos) return { minLen, 0 };
std::vector<int> seq2{ seq[0] + seq[i] };
seq2.insert(seq2.end(), seq.cbegin(), seq.cend());
auto res1 = checkSeq(pos + 1, seq2, n, minLen);
auto res2 = tryPerm(i + 1, pos, seq, n, res1.first);
if (res2.first < res1.first) return res2;
else if (res2.first == res1.first) return { res2.first, res1.second + res2.second };
else throw std::runtime_error("tryPerm exception");
}
std::pair<int, int> initTryPerm(int x) {
return tryPerm(0, 0, { 1 }, x, 12);
}
void findBrauer(int num) {
auto res = initTryPerm(num);
std::cout << '\n';
std::cout << "N = " << num << '\n';
std::cout << "Minimum length of chains: L(n)= " << res.first << '\n';
std::cout << "Number of minimum length Brauer chains: " << res.second << '\n';
}
int main() {
std::vector<int> nums{ 7, 14, 21, 29, 32, 42, 64, 47, 79, 191, 382, 379 };
for (int i : nums) {
findBrauer(i);
}
return 0;
}
| using System;
namespace AdditionChains {
class Program {
static int[] Prepend(int n, int[] seq) {
int[] result = new int[seq.Length + 1];
Array.Copy(seq, 0, result, 1, seq.Length);
result[0] = n;
return result;
}
static Tuple<int, int> CheckSeq(int pos, int[] seq, int n, int min_len) {
if (pos > min_len || seq[0] > n) return new Tuple<int, int>(min_len, 0);
if (seq[0] == n) return new Tuple<int, int>(pos, 1);
if (pos < min_len) return TryPerm(0, pos, seq, n, min_len);
return new Tuple<int, int>(min_len, 0);
}
static Tuple<int, int> TryPerm(int i, int pos, int[] seq, int n, int min_len) {
if (i > pos) return new Tuple<int, int>(min_len, 0);
Tuple<int, int> res1 = CheckSeq(pos + 1, Prepend(seq[0] + seq[i], seq), n, min_len);
Tuple<int, int> res2 = TryPerm(i + 1, pos, seq, n, res1.Item1);
if (res2.Item1 < res1.Item1) return res2;
if (res2.Item1 == res1.Item1) return new Tuple<int, int>(res2.Item1, res1.Item2 + res2.Item2);
throw new Exception("TryPerm exception");
}
static Tuple<int, int> InitTryPerm(int x) {
return TryPerm(0, 0, new int[] { 1 }, x, 12);
}
static void FindBrauer(int num) {
Tuple<int, int> res = InitTryPerm(num);
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("N = {0}", num);
Console.WriteLine("Minimum length of chains: L(n)= {0}", res.Item1);
Console.WriteLine("Number of minimum length Brauer chains: {0}", res.Item2);
}
static void Main(string[] args) {
int[] nums = new int[] { 7, 14, 21, 29, 32, 42, 64, 47, 79, 191, 382, 379 };
Array.ForEach(nums, n => FindBrauer(n));
}
}
}
|
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in C++. | using System;
namespace Repeat {
class Program {
static void Repeat(int count, Action<int> fn) {
if (null == fn) {
throw new ArgumentNullException("fn");
}
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
fn.Invoke(i + 1);
}
}
static void Main(string[] args) {
Repeat(3, x => Console.WriteLine("Example {0}", x));
}
}
}
| template <typename Function>
void repeat(Function f, unsigned int n) {
for(unsigned int i=n; 0<i; i--)
f();
}
|
Convert this C# block to C++, preserving its control flow and logic. | public class Program
{
static void Main()
{
System.Console.WriteLine(42.ModInverse(2017));
}
}
public static class IntExtensions
{
public static int ModInverse(this int a, int m)
{
if (m == 1) return 0;
int m0 = m;
(int x, int y) = (1, 0);
while (a > 1) {
int q = a / m;
(a, m) = (m, a % m);
(x, y) = (y, x - q * y);
}
return x < 0 ? x + m0 : x;
}
}
| #include <iostream>
int mul_inv(int a, int b)
{
int b0 = b, t, q;
int x0 = 0, x1 = 1;
if (b == 1) return 1;
while (a > 1) {
q = a / b;
t = b, b = a % b, a = t;
t = x0, x0 = x1 - q * x0, x1 = t;
}
if (x1 < 0) x1 += b0;
return x1;
}
int main(void) {
std::cout << mul_inv(42, 2017) << std::endl;
return 0;
}
|
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from C++ to C#. | #include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
std::map<std::string, double> atomicMass = {
{"H", 1.008},
{"He", 4.002602},
{"Li", 6.94},
{"Be", 9.0121831},
{"B", 10.81},
{"C", 12.011},
{"N", 14.007},
{"O", 15.999},
{"F", 18.998403163},
{"Ne", 20.1797},
{"Na", 22.98976928},
{"Mg", 24.305},
{"Al", 26.9815385},
{"Si", 28.085},
{"P", 30.973761998},
{"S", 32.06},
{"Cl", 35.45},
{"Ar", 39.948},
{"K", 39.0983},
{"Ca", 40.078},
{"Sc", 44.955908},
{"Ti", 47.867},
{"V", 50.9415},
{"Cr", 51.9961},
{"Mn", 54.938044},
{"Fe", 55.845},
{"Co", 58.933194},
{"Ni", 58.6934},
{"Cu", 63.546},
{"Zn", 65.38},
{"Ga", 69.723},
{"Ge", 72.630},
{"As", 74.921595},
{"Se", 78.971},
{"Br", 79.904},
{"Kr", 83.798},
{"Rb", 85.4678},
{"Sr", 87.62},
{"Y", 88.90584},
{"Zr", 91.224},
{"Nb", 92.90637},
{"Mo", 95.95},
{"Ru", 101.07},
{"Rh", 102.90550},
{"Pd", 106.42},
{"Ag", 107.8682},
{"Cd", 112.414},
{"In", 114.818},
{"Sn", 118.710},
{"Sb", 121.760},
{"Te", 127.60},
{"I", 126.90447},
{"Xe", 131.293},
{"Cs", 132.90545196},
{"Ba", 137.327},
{"La", 138.90547},
{"Ce", 140.116},
{"Pr", 140.90766},
{"Nd", 144.242},
{"Pm", 145},
{"Sm", 150.36},
{"Eu", 151.964},
{"Gd", 157.25},
{"Tb", 158.92535},
{"Dy", 162.500},
{"Ho", 164.93033},
{"Er", 167.259},
{"Tm", 168.93422},
{"Yb", 173.054},
{"Lu", 174.9668},
{"Hf", 178.49},
{"Ta", 180.94788},
{"W", 183.84},
{"Re", 186.207},
{"Os", 190.23},
{"Ir", 192.217},
{"Pt", 195.084},
{"Au", 196.966569},
{"Hg", 200.592},
{"Tl", 204.38},
{"Pb", 207.2},
{"Bi", 208.98040},
{"Po", 209},
{"At", 210},
{"Rn", 222},
{"Fr", 223},
{"Ra", 226},
{"Ac", 227},
{"Th", 232.0377},
{"Pa", 231.03588},
{"U", 238.02891},
{"Np", 237},
{"Pu", 244},
{"Am", 243},
{"Cm", 247},
{"Bk", 247},
{"Cf", 251},
{"Es", 252},
{"Fm", 257},
{"Uue", 315},
{"Ubn", 299},
};
double evaluate(std::string s) {
s += '[';
double sum = 0.0;
std::string symbol;
std::string number;
for (auto c : s) {
if ('@' <= c && c <= '[') {
int n = 1;
if (number != "") {
n = stoi(number);
}
if (symbol != "") {
sum += atomicMass[symbol] * n;
}
if (c == '[') {
break;
}
symbol = c;
number = "";
} else if ('a' <= c && c <= 'z') {
symbol += c;
} else if ('0' <= c && c <= '9') {
number += c;
} else {
std::string msg = "Unexpected symbol ";
msg += c;
msg += " in molecule";
throw std::runtime_error(msg);
}
}
return sum;
}
std::string replaceFirst(const std::string &text, const std::string &search, const std::string &replace) {
auto pos = text.find(search);
if (pos == std::string::npos) {
return text;
}
auto beg = text.substr(0, pos);
auto end = text.substr(pos + search.length());
return beg + replace + end;
}
std::string replaceParens(std::string s) {
char letter = 'a';
while (true) {
auto start = s.find("(");
if (start == std::string::npos) {
break;
}
for (size_t i = start + 1; i < s.length(); i++) {
if (s[i] == ')') {
auto expr = s.substr(start + 1, i - start - 1);
std::string symbol = "@";
symbol += letter;
auto search = s.substr(start, i + 1 - start);
s = replaceFirst(s, search, symbol);
atomicMass[symbol] = evaluate(expr);
letter++;
break;
}
if (s[i] == '(') {
start = i;
continue;
}
}
}
return s;
}
int main() {
std::vector<std::string> molecules = {
"H", "H2", "H2O", "H2O2", "(HO)2", "Na2SO4", "C6H12",
"COOH(C(CH3)2)3CH3", "C6H4O2(OH)4", "C27H46O", "Uue"
};
for (auto molecule : molecules) {
auto mass = evaluate(replaceParens(molecule));
std::cout << std::setw(17) << molecule << " -> " << std::setw(7) << std::fixed << std::setprecision(3) << mass << '\n';
}
return 0;
}
| using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace ChemicalCalculator {
class Program {
static Dictionary<string, double> atomicMass = new Dictionary<string, double>() {
{"H", 1.008 },
{"He", 4.002602},
{"Li", 6.94},
{"Be", 9.0121831},
{"B", 10.81},
{"C", 12.011},
{"N", 14.007},
{"O", 15.999},
{"F", 18.998403163},
{"Ne", 20.1797},
{"Na", 22.98976928},
{"Mg", 24.305},
{"Al", 26.9815385},
{"Si", 28.085},
{"P", 30.973761998},
{"S", 32.06},
{"Cl", 35.45},
{"Ar", 39.948},
{"K", 39.0983},
{"Ca", 40.078},
{"Sc", 44.955908},
{"Ti", 47.867},
{"V", 50.9415},
{"Cr", 51.9961},
{"Mn", 54.938044},
{"Fe", 55.845},
{"Co", 58.933194},
{"Ni", 58.6934},
{"Cu", 63.546},
{"Zn", 65.38},
{"Ga", 69.723},
{"Ge", 72.630},
{"As", 74.921595},
{"Se", 78.971},
{"Br", 79.904},
{"Kr", 83.798},
{"Rb", 85.4678},
{"Sr", 87.62},
{"Y", 88.90584},
{"Zr", 91.224},
{"Nb", 92.90637},
{"Mo", 95.95},
{"Ru", 101.07},
{"Rh", 102.90550},
{"Pd", 106.42},
{"Ag", 107.8682},
{"Cd", 112.414},
{"In", 114.818},
{"Sn", 118.710},
{"Sb", 121.760},
{"Te", 127.60},
{"I", 126.90447},
{"Xe", 131.293},
{"Cs", 132.90545196},
{"Ba", 137.327},
{"La", 138.90547},
{"Ce", 140.116},
{"Pr", 140.90766},
{"Nd", 144.242},
{"Pm", 145},
{"Sm", 150.36},
{"Eu", 151.964},
{"Gd", 157.25},
{"Tb", 158.92535},
{"Dy", 162.500},
{"Ho", 164.93033},
{"Er", 167.259},
{"Tm", 168.93422},
{"Yb", 173.054},
{"Lu", 174.9668},
{"Hf", 178.49},
{"Ta", 180.94788},
{"W", 183.84},
{"Re", 186.207},
{"Os", 190.23},
{"Ir", 192.217},
{"Pt", 195.084},
{"Au", 196.966569},
{"Hg", 200.592},
{"Tl", 204.38},
{"Pb", 207.2},
{"Bi", 208.98040},
{"Po", 209},
{"At", 210},
{"Rn", 222},
{"Fr", 223},
{"Ra", 226},
{"Ac", 227},
{"Th", 232.0377},
{"Pa", 231.03588},
{"U", 238.02891},
{"Np", 237},
{"Pu", 244},
{"Am", 243},
{"Cm", 247},
{"Bk", 247},
{"Cf", 251},
{"Es", 252},
{"Fm", 257},
{"Uue", 315},
{"Ubn", 299},
};
static double Evaluate(string s) {
s += "[";
double sum = 0.0;
string symbol = "";
string number = "";
for (int i = 0; i < s.Length; ++i) {
var c = s[i];
if ('@' <= c && c <= '[') {
int n = 1;
if (number != "") {
n = int.Parse(number);
}
if (symbol != "") {
sum += atomicMass[symbol] * n;
}
if (c == '[') {
break;
}
symbol = c.ToString();
number = "";
} else if ('a' <= c && c <= 'z') {
symbol += c;
} else if ('0' <= c && c <= '9') {
number += c;
} else {
throw new Exception(string.Format("Unexpected symbol {0} in molecule", c));
}
}
return sum;
}
static string ReplaceFirst(string text, string search, string replace) {
int pos = text.IndexOf(search);
if (pos < 0) {
return text;
}
return text.Substring(0, pos) + replace + text.Substring(pos + search.Length);
}
static string ReplaceParens(string s) {
char letter = 's';
while (true) {
var start = s.IndexOf('(');
if (start == -1) {
break;
}
for (int i = start + 1; i < s.Length; ++i) {
if (s[i] == ')') {
var expr = s.Substring(start + 1, i - start - 1);
var symbol = string.Format("@{0}", letter);
s = ReplaceFirst(s, s.Substring(start, i + 1 - start), symbol);
atomicMass[symbol] = Evaluate(expr);
letter++;
break;
}
if (s[i] == '(') {
start = i;
continue;
}
}
}
return s;
}
static void Main() {
var molecules = new string[]{
"H", "H2", "H2O", "H2O2", "(HO)2", "Na2SO4", "C6H12",
"COOH(C(CH3)2)3CH3", "C6H4O2(OH)4", "C27H46O", "Uue"
};
foreach (var molecule in molecules) {
var mass = Evaluate(ReplaceParens(molecule));
Console.WriteLine("{0,17} -> {1,7:0.000}", molecule, mass);
}
}
}
}
|
Ensure the translated C++ code behaves exactly like the original C# snippet. | using System;
namespace PythagoreanQuadruples {
class Program {
const int MAX = 2200;
const int MAX2 = MAX * MAX * 2;
static void Main(string[] args) {
bool[] found = new bool[MAX + 1];
bool[] a2b2 = new bool[MAX2 + 1];
int s = 3;
for(int a = 1; a <= MAX; a++) {
int a2 = a * a;
for (int b=a; b<=MAX; b++) {
a2b2[a2 + b * b] = true;
}
}
for (int c = 1; c <= MAX; c++) {
int s1 = s;
s += 2;
int s2 = s;
for (int d = c + 1; d <= MAX; d++) {
if (a2b2[s1]) found[d] = true;
s1 += s2;
s2 += 2;
}
}
Console.WriteLine("The values of d <= {0} which can't be represented:", MAX);
for (int d = 1; d < MAX; d++) {
if (!found[d]) Console.Write("{0} ", d);
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
}
| #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
constexpr int N = 2200;
constexpr int N2 = 2 * N * N;
int main() {
using namespace std;
vector<bool> found(N + 1);
vector<bool> aabb(N2 + 1);
int s = 3;
for (int a = 1; a < N; ++a) {
int aa = a * a;
for (int b = 1; b < N; ++b) {
aabb[aa + b * b] = true;
}
}
for (int c = 1; c <= N; ++c) {
int s1 = s;
s += 2;
int s2 = s;
for (int d = c + 1; d <= N; ++d) {
if (aabb[s1]) {
found[d] = true;
}
s1 += s2;
s2 += 2;
}
}
cout << "The values of d <= " << N << " which can't be represented:" << endl;
for (int d = 1; d <= N; ++d) {
if (!found[d]) {
cout << d << " ";
}
}
cout << endl;
return 0;
}
|
Convert the following code from C++ to C#, ensuring the logic remains intact. | #include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define defenum(name, val0, val1, val2, val3, val4) \
enum name { val0, val1, val2, val3, val4 }; \
const char *name ## _str[] = { # val0, # val1, # val2, # val3, # val4 }
defenum( Attrib, Color, Man, Drink, Animal, Smoke );
defenum( Colors, Red, Green, White, Yellow, Blue );
defenum( Mans, English, Swede, Dane, German, Norwegian );
defenum( Drinks, Tea, Coffee, Milk, Beer, Water );
defenum( Animals, Dog, Birds, Cats, Horse, Zebra );
defenum( Smokes, PallMall, Dunhill, Blend, BlueMaster, Prince );
void printHouses(int ha[5][5]) {
const char **attr_names[5] = {Colors_str, Mans_str, Drinks_str, Animals_str, Smokes_str};
printf("%-10s", "House");
for (const char *name : Attrib_str) printf("%-10s", name);
printf("\n");
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
printf("%-10d", i);
for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) printf("%-10s", attr_names[j][ha[i][j]]);
printf("\n");
}
}
struct HouseNoRule {
int houseno;
Attrib a; int v;
} housenos[] = {
{2, Drink, Milk},
{0, Man, Norwegian}
};
struct AttrPairRule {
Attrib a1; int v1;
Attrib a2; int v2;
bool invalid(int ha[5][5], int i) {
return (ha[i][a1] >= 0 && ha[i][a2] >= 0) &&
((ha[i][a1] == v1 && ha[i][a2] != v2) ||
(ha[i][a1] != v1 && ha[i][a2] == v2));
}
} pairs[] = {
{Man, English, Color, Red},
{Man, Swede, Animal, Dog},
{Man, Dane, Drink, Tea},
{Color, Green, Drink, Coffee},
{Smoke, PallMall, Animal, Birds},
{Smoke, Dunhill, Color, Yellow},
{Smoke, BlueMaster, Drink, Beer},
{Man, German, Smoke, Prince}
};
struct NextToRule {
Attrib a1; int v1;
Attrib a2; int v2;
bool invalid(int ha[5][5], int i) {
return (ha[i][a1] == v1) &&
((i == 0 && ha[i + 1][a2] >= 0 && ha[i + 1][a2] != v2) ||
(i == 4 && ha[i - 1][a2] != v2) ||
(ha[i + 1][a2] >= 0 && ha[i + 1][a2] != v2 && ha[i - 1][a2] != v2));
}
} nexttos[] = {
{Smoke, Blend, Animal, Cats},
{Smoke, Dunhill, Animal, Horse},
{Man, Norwegian, Color, Blue},
{Smoke, Blend, Drink, Water}
};
struct LeftOfRule {
Attrib a1; int v1;
Attrib a2; int v2;
bool invalid(int ha[5][5]) {
return (ha[0][a2] == v2) || (ha[4][a1] == v1);
}
bool invalid(int ha[5][5], int i) {
return ((i > 0 && ha[i][a1] >= 0) &&
((ha[i - 1][a1] == v1 && ha[i][a2] != v2) ||
(ha[i - 1][a1] != v1 && ha[i][a2] == v2)));
}
} leftofs[] = {
{Color, Green, Color, White}
};
bool invalid(int ha[5][5]) {
for (auto &rule : leftofs) if (rule.invalid(ha)) return true;
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
#define eval_rules(rules) for (auto &rule : rules) if (rule.invalid(ha, i)) return true;
eval_rules(pairs);
eval_rules(nexttos);
eval_rules(leftofs);
}
return false;
}
void search(bool used[5][5], int ha[5][5], const int hno, const int attr) {
int nexthno, nextattr;
if (attr < 4) {
nextattr = attr + 1;
nexthno = hno;
} else {
nextattr = 0;
nexthno = hno + 1;
}
if (ha[hno][attr] != -1) {
search(used, ha, nexthno, nextattr);
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
if (used[attr][i]) continue;
used[attr][i] = true;
ha[hno][attr] = i;
if (!invalid(ha)) {
if ((hno == 4) && (attr == 4)) {
printHouses(ha);
} else {
search(used, ha, nexthno, nextattr);
}
}
used[attr][i] = false;
}
ha[hno][attr] = -1;
}
}
int main() {
bool used[5][5] = {};
int ha[5][5]; memset(ha, -1, sizeof(ha));
for (auto &rule : housenos) {
ha[rule.houseno][rule.a] = rule.v;
used[rule.a][rule.v] = true;
}
search(used, ha, 0, 0);
return 0;
}
| using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using static System.Console;
public enum Colour { Red, Green, White, Yellow, Blue }
public enum Nationality { Englishman, Swede, Dane, Norwegian,German }
public enum Pet { Dog, Birds, Cats, Horse, Zebra }
public enum Drink { Coffee, Tea, Milk, Beer, Water }
public enum Smoke { PallMall, Dunhill, Blend, BlueMaster, Prince}
public static class ZebraPuzzle
{
private static (Colour[] colours, Drink[] drinks, Smoke[] smokes, Pet[] pets, Nationality[] nations) _solved;
static ZebraPuzzle()
{
var solve = from colours in Permute<Colour>()
where (colours,Colour.White).IsRightOf(colours, Colour.Green)
from nations in Permute<Nationality>()
where nations[0] == Nationality.Norwegian
where (nations, Nationality.Englishman).IsSameIndex(colours, Colour.Red)
where (nations,Nationality.Norwegian).IsNextTo(colours,Colour.Blue)
from drinks in Permute<Drink>()
where drinks[2] == Drink.Milk
where (drinks, Drink.Coffee).IsSameIndex(colours, Colour.Green)
where (drinks, Drink.Tea).IsSameIndex(nations, Nationality.Dane)
from pets in Permute<Pet>()
where (pets, Pet.Dog).IsSameIndex(nations, Nationality.Swede)
from smokes in Permute<Smoke>()
where (smokes, Smoke.PallMall).IsSameIndex(pets, Pet.Birds)
where (smokes, Smoke.Dunhill).IsSameIndex(colours, Colour.Yellow)
where (smokes, Smoke.Blend).IsNextTo(pets, Pet.Cats)
where (smokes, Smoke.Dunhill).IsNextTo(pets, Pet.Horse)
where (smokes, Smoke.BlueMaster).IsSameIndex(drinks, Drink.Beer)
where (smokes, Smoke.Prince).IsSameIndex(nations, Nationality.German)
where (drinks,Drink.Water).IsNextTo(smokes,Smoke.Blend)
select (colours, drinks, smokes, pets, nations);
_solved = solve.First();
}
private static int IndexOf<T>(this T[] arr, T obj) => Array.IndexOf(arr, obj);
private static bool IsRightOf<T, U>(this (T[] a, T v) right, U[] a, U v) => right.a.IndexOf(right.v) == a.IndexOf(v) + 1;
private static bool IsSameIndex<T, U>(this (T[] a, T v)x, U[] a, U v) => x.a.IndexOf(x.v) == a.IndexOf(v);
private static bool IsNextTo<T, U>(this (T[] a, T v)x, U[] a, U v) => (x.a,x.v).IsRightOf(a, v) || (a,v).IsRightOf(x.a,x.v);
public static IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> Permutations<T>(this IEnumerable<T> values)
{
if (values.Count() == 1)
return values.ToSingleton();
return values.SelectMany(v => Permutations(values.Except(v.ToSingleton())),(v, p) => p.Prepend(v));
}
public static IEnumerable<T[]> Permute<T>() => ToEnumerable<T>().Permutations().Select(p=>p.ToArray());
private static IEnumerable<T> ToSingleton<T>(this T item){ yield return item; }
private static IEnumerable<T> ToEnumerable<T>() => Enum.GetValues(typeof(T)).Cast<T>();
public static new String ToString()
{
var sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.AppendLine("House Colour Drink Nationality Smokes Pet");
sb.AppendLine("───── ────── ──────── ─────────── ────────── ─────");
var (colours, drinks, smokes, pets, nations) = _solved;
for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++)
sb.AppendLine($"{i+1,5} {colours[i],-6} {drinks[i],-8} {nations[i],-11} {smokes[i],-10} {pets[i],-10}");
return sb.ToString();
}
public static void Main(string[] arguments)
{
var owner = _solved.nations[_solved.pets.IndexOf(Pet.Zebra)];
WriteLine($"The zebra owner is {owner}");
Write(ToString());
Read();
}
}
|
Convert the following code from C++ to C#, ensuring the logic remains intact. | #include <array>
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
double x = 2.0;
double xi = 0.5;
double y = 4.0;
double yi = 0.25;
double z = x + y;
double zi = 1.0 / ( x + y );
const std::array values{x, y, z};
const std::array inverses{xi, yi, zi};
auto multiplier = [](double a, double b)
{
return [=](double m){return a * b * m;};
};
for(size_t i = 0; i < values.size(); ++i)
{
auto new_function = multiplier(values[i], inverses[i]);
double value = new_function(i + 1.0);
std::cout << value << "\n";
}
}
| using System;
using System.Linq;
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
double x, xi, y, yi, z, zi;
x = 2.0;
xi = 0.5;
y = 4.0;
yi = 0.25;
z = x + y;
zi = 1.0 / (x + y);
var numlist = new[] { x, y, z };
var numlisti = new[] { xi, yi, zi };
var multiplied = numlist.Zip(numlisti, (n1, n2) =>
{
Func<double, double> multiplier = m => n1 * n2 * m;
return multiplier;
});
foreach (var multiplier in multiplied)
Console.WriteLine(multiplier(0.5));
}
}
|
Convert the following code from C# to C++, ensuring the logic remains intact. | using System;
using System.Linq;
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
double x, xi, y, yi, z, zi;
x = 2.0;
xi = 0.5;
y = 4.0;
yi = 0.25;
z = x + y;
zi = 1.0 / (x + y);
var numlist = new[] { x, y, z };
var numlisti = new[] { xi, yi, zi };
var multiplied = numlist.Zip(numlisti, (n1, n2) =>
{
Func<double, double> multiplier = m => n1 * n2 * m;
return multiplier;
});
foreach (var multiplier in multiplied)
Console.WriteLine(multiplier(0.5));
}
}
| #include <array>
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
double x = 2.0;
double xi = 0.5;
double y = 4.0;
double yi = 0.25;
double z = x + y;
double zi = 1.0 / ( x + y );
const std::array values{x, y, z};
const std::array inverses{xi, yi, zi};
auto multiplier = [](double a, double b)
{
return [=](double m){return a * b * m;};
};
for(size_t i = 0; i < values.size(); ++i)
{
auto new_function = multiplier(values[i], inverses[i]);
double value = new_function(i + 1.0);
std::cout << value << "\n";
}
}
|
Can you help me rewrite this code in C# instead of C++, keeping it the same logically? | #include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
#include <regex>
#include <tuple>
#include <set>
#include <array>
using namespace std;
class Board
{
public:
vector<vector<char>> sData, dData;
int px, py;
Board(string b)
{
regex pattern("([^\\n]+)\\n?");
sregex_iterator end, iter(b.begin(), b.end(), pattern);
int w = 0;
vector<string> data;
for(; iter != end; ++iter){
data.push_back((*iter)[1]);
w = max(w, (*iter)[1].length());
}
for(int v = 0; v < data.size(); ++v){
vector<char> sTemp, dTemp;
for(int u = 0; u < w; ++u){
if(u > data[v].size()){
sTemp.push_back(' ');
dTemp.push_back(' ');
}else{
char s = ' ', d = ' ', c = data[v][u];
if(c == '#')
s = '#';
else if(c == '.' || c == '*' || c == '+')
s = '.';
if(c == '@' || c == '+'){
d = '@';
px = u;
py = v;
}else if(c == '$' || c == '*')
d = '*';
sTemp.push_back(s);
dTemp.push_back(d);
}
}
sData.push_back(sTemp);
dData.push_back(dTemp);
}
}
bool move(int x, int y, int dx, int dy, vector<vector<char>> &data)
{
if(sData[y+dy][x+dx] == '#' || data[y+dy][x+dx] != ' ')
return false;
data[y][x] = ' ';
data[y+dy][x+dx] = '@';
return true;
}
bool push(int x, int y, int dx, int dy, vector<vector<char>> &data)
{
if(sData[y+2*dy][x+2*dx] == '#' || data[y+2*dy][x+2*dx] != ' ')
return false;
data[y][x] = ' ';
data[y+dy][x+dx] = '@';
data[y+2*dy][x+2*dx] = '*';
return true;
}
bool isSolved(const vector<vector<char>> &data)
{
for(int v = 0; v < data.size(); ++v)
for(int u = 0; u < data[v].size(); ++u)
if((sData[v][u] == '.') ^ (data[v][u] == '*'))
return false;
return true;
}
string solve()
{
set<vector<vector<char>>> visited;
queue<tuple<vector<vector<char>>, string, int, int>> open;
open.push(make_tuple(dData, "", px, py));
visited.insert(dData);
array<tuple<int, int, char, char>, 4> dirs;
dirs[0] = make_tuple(0, -1, 'u', 'U');
dirs[1] = make_tuple(1, 0, 'r', 'R');
dirs[2] = make_tuple(0, 1, 'd', 'D');
dirs[3] = make_tuple(-1, 0, 'l', 'L');
while(open.size() > 0){
vector<vector<char>> temp, cur = get<0>(open.front());
string cSol = get<1>(open.front());
int x = get<2>(open.front());
int y = get<3>(open.front());
open.pop();
for(int i = 0; i < 4; ++i){
temp = cur;
int dx = get<0>(dirs[i]);
int dy = get<1>(dirs[i]);
if(temp[y+dy][x+dx] == '*'){
if(push(x, y, dx, dy, temp) && (visited.find(temp) == visited.end())){
if(isSolved(temp))
return cSol + get<3>(dirs[i]);
open.push(make_tuple(temp, cSol + get<3>(dirs[i]), x+dx, y+dy));
visited.insert(temp);
}
}else if(move(x, y, dx, dy, temp) && (visited.find(temp) == visited.end())){
if(isSolved(temp))
return cSol + get<2>(dirs[i]);
open.push(make_tuple(temp, cSol + get<2>(dirs[i]), x+dx, y+dy));
visited.insert(temp);
}
}
}
return "No solution";
}
};
int main()
{
string level =
"#######\n"
"# #\n"
"# #\n"
"#. # #\n"
"#. $$ #\n"
"#.$$ #\n"
"#.# @#\n"
"#######";
Board b(level);
cout << level << endl << endl << b.solve() << endl;
return 0;
}
| using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace SokobanSolver
{
public class SokobanSolver
{
private class Board
{
public string Cur { get; internal set; }
public string Sol { get; internal set; }
public int X { get; internal set; }
public int Y { get; internal set; }
public Board(string cur, string sol, int x, int y)
{
Cur = cur;
Sol = sol;
X = x;
Y = y;
}
}
private string destBoard, currBoard;
private int playerX, playerY, nCols;
SokobanSolver(string[] board)
{
nCols = board[0].Length;
StringBuilder destBuf = new StringBuilder();
StringBuilder currBuf = new StringBuilder();
for (int r = 0; r < board.Length; r++)
{
for (int c = 0; c < nCols; c++)
{
char ch = board[r][c];
destBuf.Append(ch != '$' && ch != '@' ? ch : ' ');
currBuf.Append(ch != '.' ? ch : ' ');
if (ch == '@')
{
this.playerX = c;
this.playerY = r;
}
}
}
destBoard = destBuf.ToString();
currBoard = currBuf.ToString();
}
private string Move(int x, int y, int dx, int dy, string trialBoard)
{
int newPlayerPos = (y + dy) * nCols + x + dx;
if (trialBoard[newPlayerPos] != ' ')
return null;
char[] trial = trialBoard.ToCharArray();
trial[y * nCols + x] = ' ';
trial[newPlayerPos] = '@';
return new string(trial);
}
private string Push(int x, int y, int dx, int dy, string trialBoard)
{
int newBoxPos = (y + 2 * dy) * nCols + x + 2 * dx;
if (trialBoard[newBoxPos] != ' ')
return null;
char[] trial = trialBoard.ToCharArray();
trial[y * nCols + x] = ' ';
trial[(y + dy) * nCols + x + dx] = '@';
trial[newBoxPos] = '$';
return new string(trial);
}
private bool IsSolved(string trialBoard)
{
for (int i = 0; i < trialBoard.Length; i++)
if ((destBoard[i] == '.')
!= (trialBoard[i] == '$'))
return false;
return true;
}
private string Solve()
{
char[,] dirLabels = { { 'u', 'U' }, { 'r', 'R' }, { 'd', 'D' }, { 'l', 'L' } };
int[,] dirs = { { 0, -1 }, { 1, 0 }, { 0, 1 }, { -1, 0 } };
ISet<string> history = new HashSet<string>();
LinkedList<Board> open = new LinkedList<Board>();
history.Add(currBoard);
open.AddLast(new Board(currBoard, string.Empty, playerX, playerY));
while (!open.Count.Equals(0))
{
Board item = open.First();
open.RemoveFirst();
string cur = item.Cur;
string sol = item.Sol;
int x = item.X;
int y = item.Y;
for (int i = 0; i < dirs.GetLength(0); i++)
{
string trial = cur;
int dx = dirs[i, 0];
int dy = dirs[i, 1];
if (trial[(y + dy) * nCols + x + dx] == '$')
{
if ((trial = Push(x, y, dx, dy, trial)) != null)
{
if (!history.Contains(trial))
{
string newSol = sol + dirLabels[i, 1];
if (IsSolved(trial))
return newSol;
open.AddLast(new Board(trial, newSol, x + dx, y + dy));
history.Add(trial);
}
}
}
else if ((trial = Move(x, y, dx, dy, trial)) != null)
{
if (!history.Contains(trial))
{
string newSol = sol + dirLabels[i, 0];
open.AddLast(new Board(trial, newSol, x + dx, y + dy));
history.Add(trial);
}
}
}
}
return "No solution";
}
public static void Main(string[] a)
{
string level = "#######," +
"# #," +
"# #," +
"#. # #," +
"#. $$ #," +
"#.$$ #," +
"#.# @#," +
"#######";
System.Console.WriteLine("Level:\n");
foreach (string line in level.Split(','))
{
System.Console.WriteLine(line);
}
System.Console.WriteLine("\nSolution:\n");
System.Console.WriteLine(new SokobanSolver(level.Split(',')).Solve());
}
}
}
|
Write the same algorithm in C# as shown in this C++ implementation. | #include <boost/multiprecision/cpp_dec_float.hpp>
#include <boost/multiprecision/gmp.hpp>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
namespace mp = boost::multiprecision;
using big_int = mp::mpz_int;
using big_float = mp::cpp_dec_float_100;
using rational = mp::mpq_rational;
big_int factorial(int n) {
big_int result = 1;
for (int i = 2; i <= n; ++i)
result *= i;
return result;
}
big_int almkvist_giullera(int n) {
return factorial(6 * n) * 32 * (532 * n * n + 126 * n + 9) /
(pow(factorial(n), 6) * 3);
}
int main() {
std::cout << "n | Integer portion of nth term\n"
<< "------------------------------------------------\n";
for (int n = 0; n < 10; ++n)
std::cout << n << " | " << std::setw(44) << almkvist_giullera(n)
<< '\n';
big_float epsilon(pow(big_float(10), -70));
big_float prev = 0, pi = 0;
rational sum = 0;
for (int n = 0;; ++n) {
rational term(almkvist_giullera(n), pow(big_int(10), 6 * n + 3));
sum += term;
pi = sqrt(big_float(1 / sum));
if (abs(pi - prev) < epsilon)
break;
prev = pi;
}
std::cout << "\nPi to 70 decimal places is:\n"
<< std::fixed << std::setprecision(70) << pi << '\n';
}
| using System;
using BI = System.Numerics.BigInteger;
using static System.Console;
class Program {
static BI isqrt(BI x) { BI q = 1, r = 0, t; while (q <= x) q <<= 2; while (q > 1) {
q >>= 2; t = x - r - q; r >>= 1; if (t >= 0) { x = t; r += q; } } return r; }
static string dump(int digs, bool show = false) {
int gb = 1, dg = ++digs + gb, z;
BI t1 = 1, t2 = 9, t3 = 1, te, su = 0,
t = BI.Pow(10, dg <= 60 ? 0 : dg - 60), d = -1, fn = 1;
for (BI n = 0; n < dg; n++) {
if (n > 0) t3 *= BI.Pow(n, 6);
te = t1 * t2 / t3;
if ((z = dg - 1 - (int)n * 6) > 0) te *= BI.Pow (10, z);
else te /= BI.Pow (10, -z);
if (show && n < 10)
WriteLine("{0,2} {1,62}", n, te * 32 / 3 / t);
su += te; if (te < 10) {
if (show) WriteLine("\n{0} iterations required for {1} digits " +
"after the decimal point.\n", n, --digs); break; }
for (BI j = n * 6 + 1; j <= n * 6 + 6; j++) t1 *= j;
t2 += 126 + 532 * (d += 2);
}
string s = string.Format("{0}", isqrt(BI.Pow(10, dg * 2 + 3) /
su / 32 * 3 * BI.Pow((BI)10, dg + 5)));
return s[0] + "." + s.Substring(1, digs); }
static void Main(string[] args) {
WriteLine(dump(70, true)); }
}
|
Convert this C# block to C++, preserving its control flow and logic. | using System;
using BI = System.Numerics.BigInteger;
using static System.Console;
class Program {
static BI isqrt(BI x) { BI q = 1, r = 0, t; while (q <= x) q <<= 2; while (q > 1) {
q >>= 2; t = x - r - q; r >>= 1; if (t >= 0) { x = t; r += q; } } return r; }
static string dump(int digs, bool show = false) {
int gb = 1, dg = ++digs + gb, z;
BI t1 = 1, t2 = 9, t3 = 1, te, su = 0,
t = BI.Pow(10, dg <= 60 ? 0 : dg - 60), d = -1, fn = 1;
for (BI n = 0; n < dg; n++) {
if (n > 0) t3 *= BI.Pow(n, 6);
te = t1 * t2 / t3;
if ((z = dg - 1 - (int)n * 6) > 0) te *= BI.Pow (10, z);
else te /= BI.Pow (10, -z);
if (show && n < 10)
WriteLine("{0,2} {1,62}", n, te * 32 / 3 / t);
su += te; if (te < 10) {
if (show) WriteLine("\n{0} iterations required for {1} digits " +
"after the decimal point.\n", n, --digs); break; }
for (BI j = n * 6 + 1; j <= n * 6 + 6; j++) t1 *= j;
t2 += 126 + 532 * (d += 2);
}
string s = string.Format("{0}", isqrt(BI.Pow(10, dg * 2 + 3) /
su / 32 * 3 * BI.Pow((BI)10, dg + 5)));
return s[0] + "." + s.Substring(1, digs); }
static void Main(string[] args) {
WriteLine(dump(70, true)); }
}
| #include <boost/multiprecision/cpp_dec_float.hpp>
#include <boost/multiprecision/gmp.hpp>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
namespace mp = boost::multiprecision;
using big_int = mp::mpz_int;
using big_float = mp::cpp_dec_float_100;
using rational = mp::mpq_rational;
big_int factorial(int n) {
big_int result = 1;
for (int i = 2; i <= n; ++i)
result *= i;
return result;
}
big_int almkvist_giullera(int n) {
return factorial(6 * n) * 32 * (532 * n * n + 126 * n + 9) /
(pow(factorial(n), 6) * 3);
}
int main() {
std::cout << "n | Integer portion of nth term\n"
<< "------------------------------------------------\n";
for (int n = 0; n < 10; ++n)
std::cout << n << " | " << std::setw(44) << almkvist_giullera(n)
<< '\n';
big_float epsilon(pow(big_float(10), -70));
big_float prev = 0, pi = 0;
rational sum = 0;
for (int n = 0;; ++n) {
rational term(almkvist_giullera(n), pow(big_int(10), 6 * n + 3));
sum += term;
pi = sqrt(big_float(1 / sum));
if (abs(pi - prev) < epsilon)
break;
prev = pi;
}
std::cout << "\nPi to 70 decimal places is:\n"
<< std::fixed << std::setprecision(70) << pi << '\n';
}
|
Rewrite the snippet below in C# so it works the same as the original C++ code. | #include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <numeric>
#include <sstream>
#include <vector>
template <typename iterator>
bool sum_of_any_subset(int n, iterator begin, iterator end) {
if (begin == end)
return false;
if (std::find(begin, end, n) != end)
return true;
int total = std::accumulate(begin, end, 0);
if (n == total)
return true;
if (n > total)
return false;
--end;
int d = n - *end;
return (d > 0 && sum_of_any_subset(d, begin, end)) ||
sum_of_any_subset(n, begin, end);
}
std::vector<int> factors(int n) {
std::vector<int> f{1};
for (int i = 2; i * i <= n; ++i) {
if (n % i == 0) {
f.push_back(i);
if (i * i != n)
f.push_back(n / i);
}
}
std::sort(f.begin(), f.end());
return f;
}
bool is_practical(int n) {
std::vector<int> f = factors(n);
for (int i = 1; i < n; ++i) {
if (!sum_of_any_subset(i, f.begin(), f.end()))
return false;
}
return true;
}
std::string shorten(const std::vector<int>& v, size_t n) {
std::ostringstream out;
size_t size = v.size(), i = 0;
if (n > 0 && size > 0)
out << v[i++];
for (; i < n && i < size; ++i)
out << ", " << v[i];
if (size > i + n) {
out << ", ...";
i = size - n;
}
for (; i < size; ++i)
out << ", " << v[i];
return out.str();
}
int main() {
std::vector<int> practical;
for (int n = 1; n <= 333; ++n) {
if (is_practical(n))
practical.push_back(n);
}
std::cout << "Found " << practical.size() << " practical numbers:\n"
<< shorten(practical, 10) << '\n';
for (int n : {666, 6666, 66666, 672, 720, 222222})
std::cout << n << " is " << (is_practical(n) ? "" : "not ")
<< "a practical number.\n";
return 0;
}
| using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using static System.Console;
class Program {
static bool soas(int n, IEnumerable<int> f) {
if (n <= 0) return false; if (f.Contains(n)) return true;
switch(n.CompareTo(f.Sum())) { case 1: return false; case 0: return true;
case -1: var rf = f.Reverse().ToList(); var d = n - rf[0]; rf.RemoveAt(0);
return soas(d, rf) || soas(n, rf); } return true; }
static bool ip(int n) { var f = Enumerable.Range(1, n >> 1).Where(d => n % d == 0).ToList();
return Enumerable.Range(1, n - 1).ToList().TrueForAll(i => soas(i, f)); }
static void Main() {
int c = 0, m = 333; for (int i = 1; i <= m; i += i == 1 ? 1 : 2)
if (ip(i) || i == 1) Write("{0,3} {1}", i, ++c % 10 == 0 ? "\n" : "");
Write("\nFound {0} practical numbers between 1 and {1} inclusive.\n", c, m);
do Write("\n{0,5} is a{1}practical number.",
m = m < 500 ? m << 1 : m * 10 + 6, ip(m) ? " " : "n im"); while (m < 1e4); } }
|
Can you help me rewrite this code in C# instead of C++, keeping it the same logically? | #include <cstdint>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <primesieve.hpp>
void print_diffs(const std::vector<uint64_t>& vec) {
for (size_t i = 0, n = vec.size(); i != n; ++i) {
if (i != 0)
std::cout << " (" << vec[i] - vec[i - 1] << ") ";
std::cout << vec[i];
}
std::cout << '\n';
}
int main() {
std::cout.imbue(std::locale(""));
std::vector<uint64_t> asc, desc;
std::vector<std::vector<uint64_t>> max_asc, max_desc;
size_t max_asc_len = 0, max_desc_len = 0;
uint64_t prime;
const uint64_t limit = 1000000;
for (primesieve::iterator pi; (prime = pi.next_prime()) < limit; ) {
size_t alen = asc.size();
if (alen > 1 && prime - asc[alen - 1] <= asc[alen - 1] - asc[alen - 2])
asc.erase(asc.begin(), asc.end() - 1);
asc.push_back(prime);
if (asc.size() >= max_asc_len) {
if (asc.size() > max_asc_len) {
max_asc_len = asc.size();
max_asc.clear();
}
max_asc.push_back(asc);
}
size_t dlen = desc.size();
if (dlen > 1 && prime - desc[dlen - 1] >= desc[dlen - 1] - desc[dlen - 2])
desc.erase(desc.begin(), desc.end() - 1);
desc.push_back(prime);
if (desc.size() >= max_desc_len) {
if (desc.size() > max_desc_len) {
max_desc_len = desc.size();
max_desc.clear();
}
max_desc.push_back(desc);
}
}
std::cout << "Longest run(s) of ascending prime gaps up to " << limit << ":\n";
for (const auto& v : max_asc)
print_diffs(v);
std::cout << "\nLongest run(s) of descending prime gaps up to " << limit << ":\n";
for (const auto& v : max_desc)
print_diffs(v);
return 0;
}
| using System.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using TG = System.Tuple<int, int>;
using static System.Console;
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
const int mil = (int)1e6;
foreach (var amt in new int[] { 1, 2, 6, 12, 18 })
{
int lmt = mil * amt, lg = 0, ng, d, ld = 0;
var desc = new string[] { "A", "", "De" };
int[] mx = new int[] { 0, 0, 0 },
bi = new int[] { 0, 0, 0 },
c = new int[] { 2, 2, 2 };
WriteLine("For primes up to {0:n0}:", lmt);
var pr = PG.Primes(lmt).ToArray();
for (int i = 0; i < pr.Length; i++)
{
ng = pr[i].Item2; d = ng.CompareTo(lg) + 1;
if (ld == d)
c[2 - d]++;
else
{
if (c[d] > mx[d]) { mx[d] = c[d]; bi[d] = i - mx[d] - 1; }
c[d] = 2;
}
ld = d; lg = ng;
}
for (int r = 0; r <= 2; r += 2)
{
Write("{0}scending, found run of {1} consecutive primes:\n {2} ",
desc[r], mx[r] + 1, pr[bi[r]++].Item1);
foreach (var itm in pr.Skip(bi[r]).Take(mx[r]))
Write("({0}) {1} ", itm.Item2, itm.Item1); WriteLine(r == 0 ? "" : "\n");
}
}
}
}
class PG
{
public static IEnumerable<TG> Primes(int lim)
{
bool[] flags = new bool[lim + 1];
int j = 3, lj = 2;
for (int d = 8, sq = 9; sq <= lim; j += 2, sq += d += 8)
if (!flags[j])
{
yield return new TG(j, j - lj);
lj = j;
for (int k = sq, i = j << 1; k <= lim; k += i) flags[k] = true;
}
for (; j <= lim; j += 2)
if (!flags[j])
{
yield return new TG(j, j - lj);
lj = j;
}
}
}
|
Convert the following code from C++ to C#, ensuring the logic remains intact. | #include <iostream>
int main()
{
auto double1 = 2.5;
auto float1 = 2.5f;
auto longdouble1 = 2.5l;
auto double2 = 2.5e-3;
auto float2 = 2.5e3f;
auto double3 = 0x1p4;
auto float3 = 0xbeefp-8f;
std::cout << "\ndouble1: " << double1;
std::cout << "\nfloat1: " << float1;
std::cout << "\nlongdouble1: " << longdouble1;
std::cout << "\ndouble2: " << double2;
std::cout << "\nfloat2: " << float2;
std::cout << "\ndouble3: " << double3;
std::cout << "\nfloat3: " << float3;
std::cout << "\n";
}
| double d = 1;
d = 1d;
d = 1D;
d = 1.2;
d = 1.2d;
d = .2;
d = 12e-12;
d = 12E-12;
d = 1_234e-1_2;
float f = 1;
f = 1f;
f = 1F;
f = 1.2f;
f = .2f;
f = 12e-12f;
f = 12E-12f;
f = 1_234e-1_2f;
decimal m = 1;
m = 1m;
m = 1m;
m = 1.2m;
m = .2m;
m = 12e-12m;
m = 12E-12m;
m = 1_234e-1_2m;
|
Can you help me rewrite this code in C# instead of C++, keeping it the same logically? | #include <cstdint>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <set>
#include <primesieve.hpp>
class erdos_prime_generator {
public:
erdos_prime_generator() {}
uint64_t next();
private:
bool erdos(uint64_t p) const;
primesieve::iterator iter_;
std::set<uint64_t> primes_;
};
uint64_t erdos_prime_generator::next() {
uint64_t prime;
for (;;) {
prime = iter_.next_prime();
primes_.insert(prime);
if (erdos(prime))
break;
}
return prime;
}
bool erdos_prime_generator::erdos(uint64_t p) const {
for (uint64_t k = 1, f = 1; f < p; ++k, f *= k) {
if (primes_.find(p - f) != primes_.end())
return false;
}
return true;
}
int main() {
std::wcout.imbue(std::locale(""));
erdos_prime_generator epgen;
const int max_print = 2500;
const int max_count = 7875;
uint64_t p;
std::wcout << L"Erd\x151s primes less than " << max_print << L":\n";
for (int count = 1; count <= max_count; ++count) {
p = epgen.next();
if (p < max_print)
std::wcout << std::setw(6) << p << (count % 10 == 0 ? '\n' : ' ');
}
std::wcout << L"\n\nThe " << max_count << L"th Erd\x151s prime is " << p << L".\n";
return 0;
}
| using System; using static System.Console;
class Program {
const int lmt = (int)1e6, first = 2500; static int[] f = new int[10];
static void Main(string[] args) {
f[0] = 1; for (int a = 0, b = 1; b < f.Length; a = b++)
f[b] = f[a] * (b + 1);
int pc = 0, nth = 0, lv = 0;
for (int i = 2; i < lmt; i++) if (is_erdos_prime(i)) {
if (i < first) Write("{0,5:n0}{1}", i, pc++ % 5 == 4 ? "\n" : " ");
nth++; lv = i; }
Write("\nCount of Erdős primes between 1 and {0:n0}: {1}\n{2} Erdős prime (the last one under {3:n0}): {4:n0}", first, pc, ord(nth), lmt, lv); }
static string ord(int n) {
return string.Format("{0:n0}", n) + new string[]{"th", "st", "nd", "rd", "th", "th", "th", "th", "th", "th"}[n % 10]; }
static bool is_erdos_prime(int p) {
if (!is_pr(p)) return false; int m = 0, t;
while ((t = p - f[m++]) > 0) if (is_pr(t)) return false;
return true;
bool is_pr(int x) {
if (x < 4) return x > 1; if ((x & 1) == 0) return false;
for (int i = 3; i * i <= x; i += 2) if (x % i == 0) return false;
return true; } } }
|
Rewrite this program in C# while keeping its functionality equivalent to the C++ version. | #include <cstdint>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <set>
#include <primesieve.hpp>
class erdos_prime_generator {
public:
erdos_prime_generator() {}
uint64_t next();
private:
bool erdos(uint64_t p) const;
primesieve::iterator iter_;
std::set<uint64_t> primes_;
};
uint64_t erdos_prime_generator::next() {
uint64_t prime;
for (;;) {
prime = iter_.next_prime();
primes_.insert(prime);
if (erdos(prime))
break;
}
return prime;
}
bool erdos_prime_generator::erdos(uint64_t p) const {
for (uint64_t k = 1, f = 1; f < p; ++k, f *= k) {
if (primes_.find(p - f) != primes_.end())
return false;
}
return true;
}
int main() {
std::wcout.imbue(std::locale(""));
erdos_prime_generator epgen;
const int max_print = 2500;
const int max_count = 7875;
uint64_t p;
std::wcout << L"Erd\x151s primes less than " << max_print << L":\n";
for (int count = 1; count <= max_count; ++count) {
p = epgen.next();
if (p < max_print)
std::wcout << std::setw(6) << p << (count % 10 == 0 ? '\n' : ' ');
}
std::wcout << L"\n\nThe " << max_count << L"th Erd\x151s prime is " << p << L".\n";
return 0;
}
| using System; using static System.Console;
class Program {
const int lmt = (int)1e6, first = 2500; static int[] f = new int[10];
static void Main(string[] args) {
f[0] = 1; for (int a = 0, b = 1; b < f.Length; a = b++)
f[b] = f[a] * (b + 1);
int pc = 0, nth = 0, lv = 0;
for (int i = 2; i < lmt; i++) if (is_erdos_prime(i)) {
if (i < first) Write("{0,5:n0}{1}", i, pc++ % 5 == 4 ? "\n" : " ");
nth++; lv = i; }
Write("\nCount of Erdős primes between 1 and {0:n0}: {1}\n{2} Erdős prime (the last one under {3:n0}): {4:n0}", first, pc, ord(nth), lmt, lv); }
static string ord(int n) {
return string.Format("{0:n0}", n) + new string[]{"th", "st", "nd", "rd", "th", "th", "th", "th", "th", "th"}[n % 10]; }
static bool is_erdos_prime(int p) {
if (!is_pr(p)) return false; int m = 0, t;
while ((t = p - f[m++]) > 0) if (is_pr(t)) return false;
return true;
bool is_pr(int x) {
if (x < 4) return x > 1; if ((x & 1) == 0) return false;
for (int i = 3; i * i <= x; i += 2) if (x % i == 0) return false;
return true; } } }
|
Convert the following code from C# to C++, ensuring the logic remains intact. | using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using static System.Console;
using static System.Math;
using static System.Linq.Enumerable;
public class Solver
{
private static readonly (int dx, int dy)[]
numbrixMoves = {(1,0),(0,1),(-1,0),(0,-1)};
private (int dx, int dy)[] moves;
public static void Main()
{
var numbrixSolver = new Solver(numbrixMoves);
Print(numbrixSolver.Solve(false, new [,] {
{ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 46, 45, 0, 55, 74, 0, 0 },
{ 0, 38, 0, 0, 43, 0, 0, 78, 0 },
{ 0, 35, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 71, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 33, 0, 0, 0, 59, 0, 0 },
{ 0, 17, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 67, 0 },
{ 0, 18, 0, 0, 11, 0, 0, 64, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 24, 21, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
}));
Print(numbrixSolver.Solve(false, new [,] {
{ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
{ 0, 11, 12, 15, 18, 21, 62, 61, 0 },
{ 0, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 60, 0 },
{ 0, 33, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 57, 0 },
{ 0, 32, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 56, 0 },
{ 0, 37, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 73, 0 },
{ 0, 38, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 72, 0 },
{ 0, 43, 44, 47, 48, 51, 76, 77, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
}));
}
public Solver(params (int dx, int dy)[] moves) => this.moves = moves;
public int[,] Solve(bool circular, params string[] puzzle)
{
var (board, given, count) = Parse(puzzle);
return Solve(board, given, count, circular);
}
public int[,] Solve(bool circular, int[,] puzzle)
{
var (board, given, count) = Parse(puzzle);
return Solve(board, given, count, circular);
}
private int[,] Solve(int[,] board, BitArray given, int count, bool circular)
{
var (height, width) = (board.GetLength(0), board.GetLength(1));
bool solved = false;
for (int x = 0; x < height && !solved; x++) {
solved = Range(0, width).Any(y => Solve(board, given, circular, (height, width), (x, y), count, (x, y), 1));
if (solved) return board;
}
return null;
}
private bool Solve(int[,] board, BitArray given, bool circular,
(int h, int w) size, (int x, int y) start, int last, (int x, int y) current, int n)
{
var (x, y) = current;
if (x < 0 || x >= size.h || y < 0 || y >= size.w) return false;
if (board[x, y] < 0) return false;
if (given[n - 1]) {
if (board[x, y] != n) return false;
} else if (board[x, y] > 0) return false;
board[x, y] = n;
if (n == last) {
if (!circular || AreNeighbors(start, current)) return true;
}
for (int i = 0; i < moves.Length; i++) {
var move = moves[i];
if (Solve(board, given, circular, size, start, last, (x + move.dx, y + move.dy), n + 1)) return true;
}
if (!given[n - 1]) board[x, y] = 0;
return false;
bool AreNeighbors((int x, int y) p1, (int x, int y) p2) => moves.Any(m => (p2.x + m.dx, p2.y + m.dy).Equals(p1));
}
private static (int[,] board, BitArray given, int count) Parse(string[] input)
{
(int height, int width) = (input.Length, input[0].Length);
int[,] board = new int[height, width];
int count = 0;
for (int x = 0; x < height; x++) {
string line = input[x];
for (int y = 0; y < width; y++) {
board[x, y] = y < line.Length && char.IsDigit(line[y]) ? line[y] - '0' : -1;
if (board[x, y] >= 0) count++;
}
}
BitArray given = Scan(board, count, height, width);
return (board, given, count);
}
private static (int[,] board, BitArray given, int count) Parse(int[,] input)
{
(int height, int width) = (input.GetLength(0), input.GetLength(1));
int[,] board = new int[height, width];
int count = 0;
for (int x = 0; x < height; x++)
for (int y = 0; y < width; y++)
if ((board[x, y] = input[x, y]) >= 0) count++;
BitArray given = Scan(board, count, height, width);
return (board, given, count);
}
private static BitArray Scan(int[,] board, int count, int height, int width)
{
var given = new BitArray(count + 1);
for (int x = 0; x < height; x++)
for (int y = 0; y < width; y++)
if (board[x, y] > 0) given[board[x, y] - 1] = true;
return given;
}
private static void Print(int[,] board)
{
if (board == null) {
WriteLine("No solution");
} else {
int w = board.Cast<int>().Where(i => i > 0).Max(i => (int?)Ceiling(Log10(i+1))) ?? 1;
string e = new string('-', w);
foreach (int x in Range(0, board.GetLength(0)))
WriteLine(string.Join(" ", Range(0, board.GetLength(1))
.Select(y => board[x, y] < 0 ? e : board[x, y].ToString().PadLeft(w, ' '))));
}
WriteLine();
}
}
| #include <vector>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <bitset>
using namespace std;
typedef bitset<4> hood_t;
struct node
{
int val;
hood_t neighbors;
};
class nSolver
{
public:
void solve(vector<string>& puzz, int max_wid)
{
if (puzz.size() < 1) return;
wid = max_wid;
hei = static_cast<int>(puzz.size()) / wid;
max = wid * hei;
int len = max, c = 0;
arr = vector<node>(len, node({ 0, 0 }));
weHave = vector<bool>(len + 1, false);
for (const auto& s : puzz)
{
if (s == "*") { max--; arr[c++].val = -1; continue; }
arr[c].val = atoi(s.c_str());
if (arr[c].val > 0) weHave[arr[c].val] = true;
c++;
}
solveIt(); c = 0;
for (auto&& s : puzz)
{
if (s == ".")
s = std::to_string(arr[c].val);
c++;
}
}
private:
bool search(int x, int y, int w, int dr)
{
if ((w > max && dr > 0) || (w < 1 && dr < 0) || (w == max && weHave[w])) return true;
node& n = arr[x + y * wid];
n.neighbors = getNeighbors(x, y);
if (weHave[w])
{
for (int d = 0; d < 4; d++)
{
if (n.neighbors[d])
{
int a = x + dx[d], b = y + dy[d];
if (arr[a + b * wid].val == w)
if (search(a, b, w + dr, dr))
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
for (int d = 0; d < 4; d++)
{
if (n.neighbors[d])
{
int a = x + dx[d], b = y + dy[d];
if (arr[a + b * wid].val == 0)
{
arr[a + b * wid].val = w;
if (search(a, b, w + dr, dr))
return true;
arr[a + b * wid].val = 0;
}
}
}
return false;
}
hood_t getNeighbors(int x, int y)
{
hood_t retval;
for (int xx = 0; xx < 4; xx++)
{
int a = x + dx[xx], b = y + dy[xx];
if (a < 0 || b < 0 || a >= wid || b >= hei)
continue;
if (arr[a + b * wid].val > -1)
retval.set(xx);
}
return retval;
}
void solveIt()
{
int x, y, z; findStart(x, y, z);
if (z == 99999) { cout << "\nCan't find start point!\n"; return; }
search(x, y, z + 1, 1);
if (z > 1) search(x, y, z - 1, -1);
}
void findStart(int& x, int& y, int& z)
{
z = 99999;
for (int b = 0; b < hei; b++)
for (int a = 0; a < wid; a++)
if (arr[a + wid * b].val > 0 && arr[a + wid * b].val < z)
{
x = a; y = b;
z = arr[a + wid * b].val;
}
}
vector<int> dx = vector<int>({ -1, 1, 0, 0 });
vector<int> dy = vector<int>({ 0, 0, -1, 1 });
int wid, hei, max;
vector<node> arr;
vector<bool> weHave;
};
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
int wid; string p;
p = "17 . . . 11 . . . 59 . 15 . . 6 . . 61 . . . 3 . . . 63 . . . . . . 66 . . . . 23 24 . 68 67 78 . 54 55 . . . . 72 . . . . . . 35 . . . 49 . . . 29 . . 40 . . 47 . 31 . . . 39 . . . 45"; wid = 9;
istringstream iss(p); vector<string> puzz;
copy(istream_iterator<string>(iss), istream_iterator<string>(), back_inserter<vector<string> >(puzz));
nSolver s; s.solve(puzz, wid);
int c = 0;
for (const auto& s : puzz)
{
if (s != "*" && s != ".")
{
if (atoi(s.c_str()) < 10) cout << "0";
cout << s << " ";
}
else cout << " ";
if (++c >= wid) { cout << endl; c = 0; }
}
cout << endl << endl;
return system("pause");
}
|
Translate this program into C# but keep the logic exactly as in C++. | #include <vector>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <bitset>
using namespace std;
typedef bitset<4> hood_t;
struct node
{
int val;
hood_t neighbors;
};
class nSolver
{
public:
void solve(vector<string>& puzz, int max_wid)
{
if (puzz.size() < 1) return;
wid = max_wid;
hei = static_cast<int>(puzz.size()) / wid;
max = wid * hei;
int len = max, c = 0;
arr = vector<node>(len, node({ 0, 0 }));
weHave = vector<bool>(len + 1, false);
for (const auto& s : puzz)
{
if (s == "*") { max--; arr[c++].val = -1; continue; }
arr[c].val = atoi(s.c_str());
if (arr[c].val > 0) weHave[arr[c].val] = true;
c++;
}
solveIt(); c = 0;
for (auto&& s : puzz)
{
if (s == ".")
s = std::to_string(arr[c].val);
c++;
}
}
private:
bool search(int x, int y, int w, int dr)
{
if ((w > max && dr > 0) || (w < 1 && dr < 0) || (w == max && weHave[w])) return true;
node& n = arr[x + y * wid];
n.neighbors = getNeighbors(x, y);
if (weHave[w])
{
for (int d = 0; d < 4; d++)
{
if (n.neighbors[d])
{
int a = x + dx[d], b = y + dy[d];
if (arr[a + b * wid].val == w)
if (search(a, b, w + dr, dr))
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
for (int d = 0; d < 4; d++)
{
if (n.neighbors[d])
{
int a = x + dx[d], b = y + dy[d];
if (arr[a + b * wid].val == 0)
{
arr[a + b * wid].val = w;
if (search(a, b, w + dr, dr))
return true;
arr[a + b * wid].val = 0;
}
}
}
return false;
}
hood_t getNeighbors(int x, int y)
{
hood_t retval;
for (int xx = 0; xx < 4; xx++)
{
int a = x + dx[xx], b = y + dy[xx];
if (a < 0 || b < 0 || a >= wid || b >= hei)
continue;
if (arr[a + b * wid].val > -1)
retval.set(xx);
}
return retval;
}
void solveIt()
{
int x, y, z; findStart(x, y, z);
if (z == 99999) { cout << "\nCan't find start point!\n"; return; }
search(x, y, z + 1, 1);
if (z > 1) search(x, y, z - 1, -1);
}
void findStart(int& x, int& y, int& z)
{
z = 99999;
for (int b = 0; b < hei; b++)
for (int a = 0; a < wid; a++)
if (arr[a + wid * b].val > 0 && arr[a + wid * b].val < z)
{
x = a; y = b;
z = arr[a + wid * b].val;
}
}
vector<int> dx = vector<int>({ -1, 1, 0, 0 });
vector<int> dy = vector<int>({ 0, 0, -1, 1 });
int wid, hei, max;
vector<node> arr;
vector<bool> weHave;
};
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
int wid; string p;
p = "17 . . . 11 . . . 59 . 15 . . 6 . . 61 . . . 3 . . . 63 . . . . . . 66 . . . . 23 24 . 68 67 78 . 54 55 . . . . 72 . . . . . . 35 . . . 49 . . . 29 . . 40 . . 47 . 31 . . . 39 . . . 45"; wid = 9;
istringstream iss(p); vector<string> puzz;
copy(istream_iterator<string>(iss), istream_iterator<string>(), back_inserter<vector<string> >(puzz));
nSolver s; s.solve(puzz, wid);
int c = 0;
for (const auto& s : puzz)
{
if (s != "*" && s != ".")
{
if (atoi(s.c_str()) < 10) cout << "0";
cout << s << " ";
}
else cout << " ";
if (++c >= wid) { cout << endl; c = 0; }
}
cout << endl << endl;
return system("pause");
}
| using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using static System.Console;
using static System.Math;
using static System.Linq.Enumerable;
public class Solver
{
private static readonly (int dx, int dy)[]
numbrixMoves = {(1,0),(0,1),(-1,0),(0,-1)};
private (int dx, int dy)[] moves;
public static void Main()
{
var numbrixSolver = new Solver(numbrixMoves);
Print(numbrixSolver.Solve(false, new [,] {
{ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 46, 45, 0, 55, 74, 0, 0 },
{ 0, 38, 0, 0, 43, 0, 0, 78, 0 },
{ 0, 35, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 71, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 33, 0, 0, 0, 59, 0, 0 },
{ 0, 17, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 67, 0 },
{ 0, 18, 0, 0, 11, 0, 0, 64, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 24, 21, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
}));
Print(numbrixSolver.Solve(false, new [,] {
{ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
{ 0, 11, 12, 15, 18, 21, 62, 61, 0 },
{ 0, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 60, 0 },
{ 0, 33, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 57, 0 },
{ 0, 32, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 56, 0 },
{ 0, 37, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 73, 0 },
{ 0, 38, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 72, 0 },
{ 0, 43, 44, 47, 48, 51, 76, 77, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
}));
}
public Solver(params (int dx, int dy)[] moves) => this.moves = moves;
public int[,] Solve(bool circular, params string[] puzzle)
{
var (board, given, count) = Parse(puzzle);
return Solve(board, given, count, circular);
}
public int[,] Solve(bool circular, int[,] puzzle)
{
var (board, given, count) = Parse(puzzle);
return Solve(board, given, count, circular);
}
private int[,] Solve(int[,] board, BitArray given, int count, bool circular)
{
var (height, width) = (board.GetLength(0), board.GetLength(1));
bool solved = false;
for (int x = 0; x < height && !solved; x++) {
solved = Range(0, width).Any(y => Solve(board, given, circular, (height, width), (x, y), count, (x, y), 1));
if (solved) return board;
}
return null;
}
private bool Solve(int[,] board, BitArray given, bool circular,
(int h, int w) size, (int x, int y) start, int last, (int x, int y) current, int n)
{
var (x, y) = current;
if (x < 0 || x >= size.h || y < 0 || y >= size.w) return false;
if (board[x, y] < 0) return false;
if (given[n - 1]) {
if (board[x, y] != n) return false;
} else if (board[x, y] > 0) return false;
board[x, y] = n;
if (n == last) {
if (!circular || AreNeighbors(start, current)) return true;
}
for (int i = 0; i < moves.Length; i++) {
var move = moves[i];
if (Solve(board, given, circular, size, start, last, (x + move.dx, y + move.dy), n + 1)) return true;
}
if (!given[n - 1]) board[x, y] = 0;
return false;
bool AreNeighbors((int x, int y) p1, (int x, int y) p2) => moves.Any(m => (p2.x + m.dx, p2.y + m.dy).Equals(p1));
}
private static (int[,] board, BitArray given, int count) Parse(string[] input)
{
(int height, int width) = (input.Length, input[0].Length);
int[,] board = new int[height, width];
int count = 0;
for (int x = 0; x < height; x++) {
string line = input[x];
for (int y = 0; y < width; y++) {
board[x, y] = y < line.Length && char.IsDigit(line[y]) ? line[y] - '0' : -1;
if (board[x, y] >= 0) count++;
}
}
BitArray given = Scan(board, count, height, width);
return (board, given, count);
}
private static (int[,] board, BitArray given, int count) Parse(int[,] input)
{
(int height, int width) = (input.GetLength(0), input.GetLength(1));
int[,] board = new int[height, width];
int count = 0;
for (int x = 0; x < height; x++)
for (int y = 0; y < width; y++)
if ((board[x, y] = input[x, y]) >= 0) count++;
BitArray given = Scan(board, count, height, width);
return (board, given, count);
}
private static BitArray Scan(int[,] board, int count, int height, int width)
{
var given = new BitArray(count + 1);
for (int x = 0; x < height; x++)
for (int y = 0; y < width; y++)
if (board[x, y] > 0) given[board[x, y] - 1] = true;
return given;
}
private static void Print(int[,] board)
{
if (board == null) {
WriteLine("No solution");
} else {
int w = board.Cast<int>().Where(i => i > 0).Max(i => (int?)Ceiling(Log10(i+1))) ?? 1;
string e = new string('-', w);
foreach (int x in Range(0, board.GetLength(0)))
WriteLine(string.Join(" ", Range(0, board.GetLength(1))
.Select(y => board[x, y] < 0 ? e : board[x, y].ToString().PadLeft(w, ' '))));
}
WriteLine();
}
}
|
Port the following code from C# to C++ with equivalent syntax and logic. | using System;
public delegate Church Church(Church f);
public static class ChurchNumeral
{
public static readonly Church ChurchZero = _ => x => x;
public static readonly Church ChurchOne = f => f;
public static Church Successor(this Church n) => f => x => f(n(f)(x));
public static Church Add(this Church m, Church n) => f => x => m(f)(n(f)(x));
public static Church Multiply(this Church m, Church n) => f => m(n(f));
public static Church Exponent(this Church m, Church n) => n(m);
public static Church IsZero(this Church n) => n(_ => ChurchZero)(ChurchOne);
public static Church Predecessor(this Church n) =>
f => x => n(g => h => h(g(f)))(_ => x)(a => a);
public static Church Subtract(this Church m, Church n) => n(Predecessor)(m);
static Church looper(this Church v, Church d) =>
v(_ => v.divr(d).Successor())(ChurchZero);
static Church divr(this Church n, Church d) =>
n.Subtract(d).looper(d);
public static Church Divide(this Church dvdnd, Church dvsr) =>
(dvdnd.Successor()).divr(dvsr);
public static Church FromInt(int i) =>
i <= 0 ? ChurchZero : Successor(FromInt(i - 1));
public static int ToInt(this Church ch) {
int count = 0;
ch(x => { count++; return x; })(null);
return count;
}
public static void Main() {
Church c3 = FromInt(3);
Church c4 = c3.Successor();
Church c11 = FromInt(11);
Church c12 = c11.Successor();
int sum = c3.Add(c4).ToInt();
int product = c3.Multiply(c4).ToInt();
int exp43 = c4.Exponent(c3).ToInt();
int exp34 = c3.Exponent(c4).ToInt();
int tst0 = ChurchZero.IsZero().ToInt();
int pred4 = c4.Predecessor().ToInt();
int sub43 = c4.Subtract(c3).ToInt();
int div11by3 = c11.Divide(c3).ToInt();
int div12by3 = c12.Divide(c3).ToInt();
Console.Write($"{sum} {product} {exp43} {exp34} {tst0} ");
Console.WriteLine($"{pred4} {sub43} {div11by3} {div12by3}");
}
}
| #include <iostream>
auto Zero = [](auto){ return [](auto x){ return x; }; };
auto True = [](auto a){ return [=](auto){ return a; }; };
auto False = [](auto){ return [](auto b){ return b; }; };
auto Successor(auto a) {
return [=](auto f) {
return [=](auto x) {
return a(f)(f(x));
};
};
}
auto Add(auto a, auto b) {
return [=](auto f) {
return [=](auto x) {
return a(f)(b(f)(x));
};
};
}
auto Multiply(auto a, auto b) {
return [=](auto f) {
return a(b(f));
};
}
auto Exp(auto a, auto b) {
return b(a);
}
auto IsZero(auto a){
return a([](auto){ return False; })(True);
}
auto Predecessor(auto a) {
return [=](auto f) {
return [=](auto x) {
return a(
[=](auto g) {
return [=](auto h){
return h(g(f));
};
}
)([=](auto){ return x; })([](auto y){ return y; });
};
};
}
auto Subtract(auto a, auto b) {
{
return b([](auto c){ return Predecessor(c); })(a);
};
}
namespace
{
auto Divr(decltype(Zero), auto) {
return Zero;
}
auto Divr(auto a, auto b) {
auto a_minus_b = Subtract(a, b);
auto isZero = IsZero(a_minus_b);
return isZero
(Zero)
(Successor(Divr(isZero(Zero)(a_minus_b), b)));
}
}
auto Divide(auto a, auto b) {
return Divr(Successor(a), b);
}
template <int N> constexpr auto ToChurch() {
if constexpr(N<=0) return Zero;
else return Successor(ToChurch<N-1>());
}
int ToInt(auto church) {
return church([](int n){ return n + 1; })(0);
}
int main() {
auto three = Successor(Successor(Successor(Zero)));
auto four = Successor(three);
auto six = ToChurch<6>();
auto ten = ToChurch<10>();
auto thousand = Exp(ten, three);
std::cout << "\n 3 + 4 = " << ToInt(Add(three, four));
std::cout << "\n 3 * 4 = " << ToInt(Multiply(three, four));
std::cout << "\n 3^4 = " << ToInt(Exp(three, four));
std::cout << "\n 4^3 = " << ToInt(Exp(four, three));
std::cout << "\n 0^0 = " << ToInt(Exp(Zero, Zero));
std::cout << "\n 4 - 3 = " << ToInt(Subtract(four, three));
std::cout << "\n 3 - 4 = " << ToInt(Subtract(three, four));
std::cout << "\n 6 / 3 = " << ToInt(Divide(six, three));
std::cout << "\n 3 / 6 = " << ToInt(Divide(three, six));
auto looloolooo = Add(Exp(thousand, three), Add(Exp(ten, six), thousand));
auto looloolool = Successor(looloolooo);
std::cout << "\n 10^9 + 10^6 + 10^3 + 1 = " << ToInt(looloolool);
std::cout << "\n golden ratio = " <<
thousand([](double x){ return 1.0 + 1.0 / x; })(1.0) << "\n";
}
|
Translate the given C++ code snippet into C# without altering its behavior. | #include <iostream>
auto Zero = [](auto){ return [](auto x){ return x; }; };
auto True = [](auto a){ return [=](auto){ return a; }; };
auto False = [](auto){ return [](auto b){ return b; }; };
auto Successor(auto a) {
return [=](auto f) {
return [=](auto x) {
return a(f)(f(x));
};
};
}
auto Add(auto a, auto b) {
return [=](auto f) {
return [=](auto x) {
return a(f)(b(f)(x));
};
};
}
auto Multiply(auto a, auto b) {
return [=](auto f) {
return a(b(f));
};
}
auto Exp(auto a, auto b) {
return b(a);
}
auto IsZero(auto a){
return a([](auto){ return False; })(True);
}
auto Predecessor(auto a) {
return [=](auto f) {
return [=](auto x) {
return a(
[=](auto g) {
return [=](auto h){
return h(g(f));
};
}
)([=](auto){ return x; })([](auto y){ return y; });
};
};
}
auto Subtract(auto a, auto b) {
{
return b([](auto c){ return Predecessor(c); })(a);
};
}
namespace
{
auto Divr(decltype(Zero), auto) {
return Zero;
}
auto Divr(auto a, auto b) {
auto a_minus_b = Subtract(a, b);
auto isZero = IsZero(a_minus_b);
return isZero
(Zero)
(Successor(Divr(isZero(Zero)(a_minus_b), b)));
}
}
auto Divide(auto a, auto b) {
return Divr(Successor(a), b);
}
template <int N> constexpr auto ToChurch() {
if constexpr(N<=0) return Zero;
else return Successor(ToChurch<N-1>());
}
int ToInt(auto church) {
return church([](int n){ return n + 1; })(0);
}
int main() {
auto three = Successor(Successor(Successor(Zero)));
auto four = Successor(three);
auto six = ToChurch<6>();
auto ten = ToChurch<10>();
auto thousand = Exp(ten, three);
std::cout << "\n 3 + 4 = " << ToInt(Add(three, four));
std::cout << "\n 3 * 4 = " << ToInt(Multiply(three, four));
std::cout << "\n 3^4 = " << ToInt(Exp(three, four));
std::cout << "\n 4^3 = " << ToInt(Exp(four, three));
std::cout << "\n 0^0 = " << ToInt(Exp(Zero, Zero));
std::cout << "\n 4 - 3 = " << ToInt(Subtract(four, three));
std::cout << "\n 3 - 4 = " << ToInt(Subtract(three, four));
std::cout << "\n 6 / 3 = " << ToInt(Divide(six, three));
std::cout << "\n 3 / 6 = " << ToInt(Divide(three, six));
auto looloolooo = Add(Exp(thousand, three), Add(Exp(ten, six), thousand));
auto looloolool = Successor(looloolooo);
std::cout << "\n 10^9 + 10^6 + 10^3 + 1 = " << ToInt(looloolool);
std::cout << "\n golden ratio = " <<
thousand([](double x){ return 1.0 + 1.0 / x; })(1.0) << "\n";
}
| using System;
public delegate Church Church(Church f);
public static class ChurchNumeral
{
public static readonly Church ChurchZero = _ => x => x;
public static readonly Church ChurchOne = f => f;
public static Church Successor(this Church n) => f => x => f(n(f)(x));
public static Church Add(this Church m, Church n) => f => x => m(f)(n(f)(x));
public static Church Multiply(this Church m, Church n) => f => m(n(f));
public static Church Exponent(this Church m, Church n) => n(m);
public static Church IsZero(this Church n) => n(_ => ChurchZero)(ChurchOne);
public static Church Predecessor(this Church n) =>
f => x => n(g => h => h(g(f)))(_ => x)(a => a);
public static Church Subtract(this Church m, Church n) => n(Predecessor)(m);
static Church looper(this Church v, Church d) =>
v(_ => v.divr(d).Successor())(ChurchZero);
static Church divr(this Church n, Church d) =>
n.Subtract(d).looper(d);
public static Church Divide(this Church dvdnd, Church dvsr) =>
(dvdnd.Successor()).divr(dvsr);
public static Church FromInt(int i) =>
i <= 0 ? ChurchZero : Successor(FromInt(i - 1));
public static int ToInt(this Church ch) {
int count = 0;
ch(x => { count++; return x; })(null);
return count;
}
public static void Main() {
Church c3 = FromInt(3);
Church c4 = c3.Successor();
Church c11 = FromInt(11);
Church c12 = c11.Successor();
int sum = c3.Add(c4).ToInt();
int product = c3.Multiply(c4).ToInt();
int exp43 = c4.Exponent(c3).ToInt();
int exp34 = c3.Exponent(c4).ToInt();
int tst0 = ChurchZero.IsZero().ToInt();
int pred4 = c4.Predecessor().ToInt();
int sub43 = c4.Subtract(c3).ToInt();
int div11by3 = c11.Divide(c3).ToInt();
int div12by3 = c12.Divide(c3).ToInt();
Console.Write($"{sum} {product} {exp43} {exp34} {tst0} ");
Console.WriteLine($"{pred4} {sub43} {div11by3} {div12by3}");
}
}
|
Write a version of this C# function in C++ with identical behavior. | using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using static System.Console;
using static System.Math;
using static System.Linq.Enumerable;
public class Solver
{
private static readonly (int dx, int dy)[]
hopidoMoves = {(-3,0),(0,-3),(0,3),(3,0),(-2,-2),(-2,2),(2,-2),(2,2)},
private (int dx, int dy)[] moves;
public static void Main()
{
Print(new Solver(hopidoMoves).Solve(false,
".00.00.",
"0000000",
"0000000",
".00000.",
"..000..",
"...0..."
));
}
public Solver(params (int dx, int dy)[] moves) => this.moves = moves;
public int[,] Solve(bool circular, params string[] puzzle)
{
var (board, given, count) = Parse(puzzle);
return Solve(board, given, count, circular);
}
public int[,] Solve(bool circular, int[,] puzzle)
{
var (board, given, count) = Parse(puzzle);
return Solve(board, given, count, circular);
}
private int[,] Solve(int[,] board, BitArray given, int count, bool circular)
{
var (height, width) = (board.GetLength(0), board.GetLength(1));
bool solved = false;
for (int x = 0; x < height && !solved; x++) {
solved = Range(0, width).Any(y => Solve(board, given, circular, (height, width), (x, y), count, (x, y), 1));
if (solved) return board;
}
return null;
}
private bool Solve(int[,] board, BitArray given, bool circular,
(int h, int w) size, (int x, int y) start, int last, (int x, int y) current, int n)
{
var (x, y) = current;
if (x < 0 || x >= size.h || y < 0 || y >= size.w) return false;
if (board[x, y] < 0) return false;
if (given[n - 1]) {
if (board[x, y] != n) return false;
} else if (board[x, y] > 0) return false;
board[x, y] = n;
if (n == last) {
if (!circular || AreNeighbors(start, current)) return true;
}
for (int i = 0; i < moves.Length; i++) {
var move = moves[i];
if (Solve(board, given, circular, size, start, last, (x + move.dx, y + move.dy), n + 1)) return true;
}
if (!given[n - 1]) board[x, y] = 0;
return false;
bool AreNeighbors((int x, int y) p1, (int x, int y) p2) => moves.Any(m => (p2.x + m.dx, p2.y + m.dy).Equals(p1));
}
private static (int[,] board, BitArray given, int count) Parse(string[] input)
{
(int height, int width) = (input.Length, input[0].Length);
int[,] board = new int[height, width];
int count = 0;
for (int x = 0; x < height; x++) {
string line = input[x];
for (int y = 0; y < width; y++) {
board[x, y] = y < line.Length && char.IsDigit(line[y]) ? line[y] - '0' : -1;
if (board[x, y] >= 0) count++;
}
}
BitArray given = Scan(board, count, height, width);
return (board, given, count);
}
private static (int[,] board, BitArray given, int count) Parse(int[,] input)
{
(int height, int width) = (input.GetLength(0), input.GetLength(1));
int[,] board = new int[height, width];
int count = 0;
for (int x = 0; x < height; x++)
for (int y = 0; y < width; y++)
if ((board[x, y] = input[x, y]) >= 0) count++;
BitArray given = Scan(board, count, height, width);
return (board, given, count);
}
private static BitArray Scan(int[,] board, int count, int height, int width)
{
var given = new BitArray(count + 1);
for (int x = 0; x < height; x++)
for (int y = 0; y < width; y++)
if (board[x, y] > 0) given[board[x, y] - 1] = true;
return given;
}
private static void Print(int[,] board)
{
if (board == null) {
WriteLine("No solution");
} else {
int w = board.Cast<int>().Where(i => i > 0).Max(i => (int?)Ceiling(Log10(i+1))) ?? 1;
string e = new string('-', w);
foreach (int x in Range(0, board.GetLength(0)))
WriteLine(string.Join(" ", Range(0, board.GetLength(1))
.Select(y => board[x, y] < 0 ? e : board[x, y].ToString().PadLeft(w, ' '))));
}
WriteLine();
}
}
| #include <vector>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
struct node
{
int val;
unsigned char neighbors;
};
class nSolver
{
public:
nSolver()
{
dx[0] = -2; dy[0] = -2; dx[1] = -2; dy[1] = 2;
dx[2] = 2; dy[2] = -2; dx[3] = 2; dy[3] = 2;
dx[4] = -3; dy[4] = 0; dx[5] = 3; dy[5] = 0;
dx[6] = 0; dy[6] = -3; dx[7] = 0; dy[7] = 3;
}
void solve( vector<string>& puzz, int max_wid )
{
if( puzz.size() < 1 ) return;
wid = max_wid; hei = static_cast<int>( puzz.size() ) / wid;
int len = wid * hei, c = 0; max = len;
arr = new node[len]; memset( arr, 0, len * sizeof( node ) );
for( vector<string>::iterator i = puzz.begin(); i != puzz.end(); i++ )
{
if( ( *i ) == "*" ) { max--; arr[c++].val = -1; continue; }
arr[c].val = atoi( ( *i ).c_str() );
c++;
}
solveIt(); c = 0;
for( vector<string>::iterator i = puzz.begin(); i != puzz.end(); i++ )
{
if( ( *i ) == "." )
{
ostringstream o; o << arr[c].val;
( *i ) = o.str();
}
c++;
}
delete [] arr;
}
private:
bool search( int x, int y, int w )
{
if( w > max ) return true;
node* n = &arr[x + y * wid];
n->neighbors = getNeighbors( x, y );
for( int d = 0; d < 8; d++ )
{
if( n->neighbors & ( 1 << d ) )
{
int a = x + dx[d], b = y + dy[d];
if( arr[a + b * wid].val == 0 )
{
arr[a + b * wid].val = w;
if( search( a, b, w + 1 ) ) return true;
arr[a + b * wid].val = 0;
}
}
}
return false;
}
unsigned char getNeighbors( int x, int y )
{
unsigned char c = 0; int a, b;
for( int xx = 0; xx < 8; xx++ )
{
a = x + dx[xx], b = y + dy[xx];
if( a < 0 || b < 0 || a >= wid || b >= hei ) continue;
if( arr[a + b * wid].val > -1 ) c |= ( 1 << xx );
}
return c;
}
void solveIt()
{
int x, y, z; findStart( x, y, z );
if( z == 99999 ) { cout << "\nCan't find start point!\n"; return; }
search( x, y, z + 1 );
}
void findStart( int& x, int& y, int& z )
{
for( int b = 0; b < hei; b++ )
for( int a = 0; a < wid; a++ )
if( arr[a + wid * b].val == 0 )
{
x = a; y = b; z = 1;
arr[a + wid * b].val = z;
return;
}
}
int wid, hei, max, dx[8], dy[8];
node* arr;
};
int main( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
int wid; string p;
p = "* . . * . . * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * . . . . . * * * . . . * * * * * . * * *"; wid = 7;
istringstream iss( p ); vector<string> puzz;
copy( istream_iterator<string>( iss ), istream_iterator<string>(), back_inserter<vector<string> >( puzz ) );
nSolver s; s.solve( puzz, wid );
int c = 0;
for( vector<string>::iterator i = puzz.begin(); i != puzz.end(); i++ )
{
if( ( *i ) != "*" && ( *i ) != "." )
{
if( atoi( ( *i ).c_str() ) < 10 ) cout << "0";
cout << ( *i ) << " ";
}
else cout << " ";
if( ++c >= wid ) { cout << endl; c = 0; }
}
cout << endl << endl;
return system( "pause" );
}
|
Translate the given C++ code snippet into C# without altering its behavior. | #include <vector>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
struct node
{
int val;
unsigned char neighbors;
};
class nSolver
{
public:
nSolver()
{
dx[0] = -2; dy[0] = -2; dx[1] = -2; dy[1] = 2;
dx[2] = 2; dy[2] = -2; dx[3] = 2; dy[3] = 2;
dx[4] = -3; dy[4] = 0; dx[5] = 3; dy[5] = 0;
dx[6] = 0; dy[6] = -3; dx[7] = 0; dy[7] = 3;
}
void solve( vector<string>& puzz, int max_wid )
{
if( puzz.size() < 1 ) return;
wid = max_wid; hei = static_cast<int>( puzz.size() ) / wid;
int len = wid * hei, c = 0; max = len;
arr = new node[len]; memset( arr, 0, len * sizeof( node ) );
for( vector<string>::iterator i = puzz.begin(); i != puzz.end(); i++ )
{
if( ( *i ) == "*" ) { max--; arr[c++].val = -1; continue; }
arr[c].val = atoi( ( *i ).c_str() );
c++;
}
solveIt(); c = 0;
for( vector<string>::iterator i = puzz.begin(); i != puzz.end(); i++ )
{
if( ( *i ) == "." )
{
ostringstream o; o << arr[c].val;
( *i ) = o.str();
}
c++;
}
delete [] arr;
}
private:
bool search( int x, int y, int w )
{
if( w > max ) return true;
node* n = &arr[x + y * wid];
n->neighbors = getNeighbors( x, y );
for( int d = 0; d < 8; d++ )
{
if( n->neighbors & ( 1 << d ) )
{
int a = x + dx[d], b = y + dy[d];
if( arr[a + b * wid].val == 0 )
{
arr[a + b * wid].val = w;
if( search( a, b, w + 1 ) ) return true;
arr[a + b * wid].val = 0;
}
}
}
return false;
}
unsigned char getNeighbors( int x, int y )
{
unsigned char c = 0; int a, b;
for( int xx = 0; xx < 8; xx++ )
{
a = x + dx[xx], b = y + dy[xx];
if( a < 0 || b < 0 || a >= wid || b >= hei ) continue;
if( arr[a + b * wid].val > -1 ) c |= ( 1 << xx );
}
return c;
}
void solveIt()
{
int x, y, z; findStart( x, y, z );
if( z == 99999 ) { cout << "\nCan't find start point!\n"; return; }
search( x, y, z + 1 );
}
void findStart( int& x, int& y, int& z )
{
for( int b = 0; b < hei; b++ )
for( int a = 0; a < wid; a++ )
if( arr[a + wid * b].val == 0 )
{
x = a; y = b; z = 1;
arr[a + wid * b].val = z;
return;
}
}
int wid, hei, max, dx[8], dy[8];
node* arr;
};
int main( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
int wid; string p;
p = "* . . * . . * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * . . . . . * * * . . . * * * * * . * * *"; wid = 7;
istringstream iss( p ); vector<string> puzz;
copy( istream_iterator<string>( iss ), istream_iterator<string>(), back_inserter<vector<string> >( puzz ) );
nSolver s; s.solve( puzz, wid );
int c = 0;
for( vector<string>::iterator i = puzz.begin(); i != puzz.end(); i++ )
{
if( ( *i ) != "*" && ( *i ) != "." )
{
if( atoi( ( *i ).c_str() ) < 10 ) cout << "0";
cout << ( *i ) << " ";
}
else cout << " ";
if( ++c >= wid ) { cout << endl; c = 0; }
}
cout << endl << endl;
return system( "pause" );
}
| using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using static System.Console;
using static System.Math;
using static System.Linq.Enumerable;
public class Solver
{
private static readonly (int dx, int dy)[]
hopidoMoves = {(-3,0),(0,-3),(0,3),(3,0),(-2,-2),(-2,2),(2,-2),(2,2)},
private (int dx, int dy)[] moves;
public static void Main()
{
Print(new Solver(hopidoMoves).Solve(false,
".00.00.",
"0000000",
"0000000",
".00000.",
"..000..",
"...0..."
));
}
public Solver(params (int dx, int dy)[] moves) => this.moves = moves;
public int[,] Solve(bool circular, params string[] puzzle)
{
var (board, given, count) = Parse(puzzle);
return Solve(board, given, count, circular);
}
public int[,] Solve(bool circular, int[,] puzzle)
{
var (board, given, count) = Parse(puzzle);
return Solve(board, given, count, circular);
}
private int[,] Solve(int[,] board, BitArray given, int count, bool circular)
{
var (height, width) = (board.GetLength(0), board.GetLength(1));
bool solved = false;
for (int x = 0; x < height && !solved; x++) {
solved = Range(0, width).Any(y => Solve(board, given, circular, (height, width), (x, y), count, (x, y), 1));
if (solved) return board;
}
return null;
}
private bool Solve(int[,] board, BitArray given, bool circular,
(int h, int w) size, (int x, int y) start, int last, (int x, int y) current, int n)
{
var (x, y) = current;
if (x < 0 || x >= size.h || y < 0 || y >= size.w) return false;
if (board[x, y] < 0) return false;
if (given[n - 1]) {
if (board[x, y] != n) return false;
} else if (board[x, y] > 0) return false;
board[x, y] = n;
if (n == last) {
if (!circular || AreNeighbors(start, current)) return true;
}
for (int i = 0; i < moves.Length; i++) {
var move = moves[i];
if (Solve(board, given, circular, size, start, last, (x + move.dx, y + move.dy), n + 1)) return true;
}
if (!given[n - 1]) board[x, y] = 0;
return false;
bool AreNeighbors((int x, int y) p1, (int x, int y) p2) => moves.Any(m => (p2.x + m.dx, p2.y + m.dy).Equals(p1));
}
private static (int[,] board, BitArray given, int count) Parse(string[] input)
{
(int height, int width) = (input.Length, input[0].Length);
int[,] board = new int[height, width];
int count = 0;
for (int x = 0; x < height; x++) {
string line = input[x];
for (int y = 0; y < width; y++) {
board[x, y] = y < line.Length && char.IsDigit(line[y]) ? line[y] - '0' : -1;
if (board[x, y] >= 0) count++;
}
}
BitArray given = Scan(board, count, height, width);
return (board, given, count);
}
private static (int[,] board, BitArray given, int count) Parse(int[,] input)
{
(int height, int width) = (input.GetLength(0), input.GetLength(1));
int[,] board = new int[height, width];
int count = 0;
for (int x = 0; x < height; x++)
for (int y = 0; y < width; y++)
if ((board[x, y] = input[x, y]) >= 0) count++;
BitArray given = Scan(board, count, height, width);
return (board, given, count);
}
private static BitArray Scan(int[,] board, int count, int height, int width)
{
var given = new BitArray(count + 1);
for (int x = 0; x < height; x++)
for (int y = 0; y < width; y++)
if (board[x, y] > 0) given[board[x, y] - 1] = true;
return given;
}
private static void Print(int[,] board)
{
if (board == null) {
WriteLine("No solution");
} else {
int w = board.Cast<int>().Where(i => i > 0).Max(i => (int?)Ceiling(Log10(i+1))) ?? 1;
string e = new string('-', w);
foreach (int x in Range(0, board.GetLength(0)))
WriteLine(string.Join(" ", Range(0, board.GetLength(1))
.Select(y => board[x, y] < 0 ? e : board[x, y].ToString().PadLeft(w, ' '))));
}
WriteLine();
}
}
|
Produce a functionally identical C++ code for the snippet given in C#. | using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using static System.Linq.Enumerable;
public static class NonogramSolver
{
public static void Main2() {
foreach (var (x, y) in new [] {
("C BA CB BB F AE F A B", "AB CA AE GA E C D C"),
("F CAC ACAC CN AAA AABB EBB EAA ECCC HCCC",
"D D AE CD AE A DA BBB CC AAB BAA AAB DA AAB AAA BAB AAA CD BBA DA"),
("CA BDA ACC BD CCAC CBBAC BBBBB BAABAA ABAD AABB BBH BBBD ABBAAA CCEA AACAAB BCACC ACBH DCH ADBE ADBB DBE ECE DAA DB CC",
"BC CAC CBAB BDD CDBDE BEBDF ADCDFA DCCFB DBCFC ABDBA BBF AAF BADB DBF AAAAD BDG CEF CBDB BBB FC"),
("E BCB BEA BH BEK AABAF ABAC BAA BFB OD JH BADCF Q Q R AN AAN EI H G",
"E CB BAB AAA AAA AC BB ACC ACCA AGB AIA AJ AJ ACE AH BAF CAG DAG FAH FJ GJ ADK ABK BL CM")
})
{
Solve(x, y);
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
static void Solve(string rowLetters, string columnLetters) {
var r = rowLetters.Split(" ").Select(row => row.Select(s => s - 'A' + 1).ToArray()).ToArray();
var c = columnLetters.Split(" ").Select(column => column.Select(s => s - 'A' + 1).ToArray()).ToArray();
Solve(r, c);
}
static void Solve(int[][] rowRuns, int[][] columnRuns) {
int len = columnRuns.Length;
var rows = rowRuns.Select(row => Generate(len, row)).ToList();
var columns = columnRuns.Select(column => Generate(rowRuns.Length, column)).ToList();
Reduce(rows, columns);
foreach (var list in rows) {
if (list.Count != 1) Console.WriteLine(Repeat('?', len).Spaced());
else Console.WriteLine(list[0].ToString().PadLeft(len, '0').Replace('1', '#').Replace('0', '.').Reverse().Spaced());
}
}
static List<BitSet> Generate(int length, params int[] runs) {
var list = new List<BitSet>();
BitSet initial = BitSet.Empty;
int[] sums = new int[runs.Length];
sums[0] = 0;
for (int i = 1; i < runs.Length; i++) sums[i] = sums[i - 1] + runs[i - 1] + 1;
for (int r = 0; r < runs.Length; r++) initial = initial.AddRange(sums[r], runs[r]);
Generate(list, BitSet.Empty.Add(length), runs, sums, initial, 0, 0);
return list;
}
static void Generate(List<BitSet> result, BitSet max, int[] runs, int[] sums, BitSet current, int index, int shift) {
if (index == runs.Length) {
result.Add(current);
return;
}
while (current.Value < max.Value) {
Generate(result, max, runs, sums, current, index + 1, shift);
current = current.ShiftLeftAt(sums[index] + shift);
shift++;
}
}
static void Reduce(List<List<BitSet>> rows, List<List<BitSet>> columns) {
for (int count = 1; count > 0; ) {
foreach (var (rowIndex, row) in rows.WithIndex()) {
var allOn = row.Aggregate((a, b) => a & b);
var allOff = row.Aggregate((a, b) => a | b);
foreach (var (columnIndex, column) in columns.WithIndex()) {
count = column.RemoveAll(c => allOn.Contains(columnIndex) && !c.Contains(rowIndex));
count += column.RemoveAll(c => !allOff.Contains(columnIndex) && c.Contains(rowIndex));
}
}
foreach (var (columnIndex, column) in columns.WithIndex()) {
var allOn = column.Aggregate((a, b) => a & b);
var allOff = column.Aggregate((a, b) => a | b);
foreach (var (rowIndex, row) in rows.WithIndex()) {
count += row.RemoveAll(r => allOn.Contains(rowIndex) && !r.Contains(columnIndex));
count += row.RemoveAll(r => !allOff.Contains(rowIndex) && r.Contains(columnIndex));
}
}
}
}
static IEnumerable<(int index, T element)> WithIndex<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source) {
int i = 0;
foreach (T element in source) {
yield return (i++, element);
}
}
static string Reverse(this string s) {
char[] array = s.ToCharArray();
Array.Reverse(array);
return new string(array);
}
static string Spaced(this IEnumerable<char> s) => string.Join(" ", s);
struct BitSet
{
public static BitSet Empty => default;
private readonly int bits;
public int Value => bits;
private BitSet(int bits) => this.bits = bits;
public BitSet Add(int item) => new BitSet(bits | (1 << item));
public BitSet AddRange(int start, int count) => new BitSet(bits | (((1 << (start + count)) - 1) - ((1 << start) - 1)));
public bool Contains(int item) => (bits & (1 << item)) != 0;
public BitSet ShiftLeftAt(int index) => new BitSet((bits >> index << (index + 1)) | (bits & ((1 << index) - 1)));
public override string ToString() => Convert.ToString(bits, 2);
public static BitSet operator &(BitSet a, BitSet b) => new BitSet(a.bits & b.bits);
public static BitSet operator |(BitSet a, BitSet b) => new BitSet(a.bits | b.bits);
}
}
|
template<uint _N, uint _G> class Nonogram {
enum class ng_val : char {X='#',B='.',V='?'};
template<uint _NG> struct N {
N() {}
N(std::vector<int> ni,const int l) : X{},B{},Tx{},Tb{},ng(ni),En{},gNG(l){}
std::bitset<_NG> X, B, T, Tx, Tb;
std::vector<int> ng;
int En, gNG;
void fn (const int n,const int i,const int g,const int e,const int l){
if (fe(g,l,false) and fe(g+l,e,true)){
if ((n+1) < ng.size()) {if (fe(g+e+l,1,false)) fn(n+1,i-e-1,g+e+l+1,ng[n+1],0);}
else {
if (fe(g+e+l,gNG-(g+e+l),false)){Tb &= T.flip(); Tx &= T.flip(); ++En;}
}}
if (l<=gNG-g-i-1) fn(n,i,g,e,l+1);
}
void fi (const int n,const bool g) {X.set(n,g); B.set(n, not g);}
ng_val fg (const int n) const{return (X.test(n))? ng_val::X : (B.test(n))? ng_val::B : ng_val::V;}
inline bool fe (const int n,const int i, const bool g){
for (int e = n;e<n+i;++e) if ((g and fg(e)==ng_val::B) or (!g and fg(e)==ng_val::X)) return false; else T[e] = g;
return true;
}
int fl (){
if (En == 1) return 1;
Tx.set(); Tb.set(); En=0;
fn(0,std::accumulate(ng.cbegin(),ng.cend(),0)+ng.size()-1,0,ng[0],0);
return En;
}};
std::vector<N<_G>> ng;
std::vector<N<_N>> gn;
int En, zN, zG;
void setCell(uint n, uint i, bool g){ng[n].fi(i,g); gn[i].fi(n,g);}
public:
Nonogram(const std::vector<std::vector<int>>& n,const std::vector<std::vector<int>>& i,const std::vector<std::string>& g = {}) : ng{}, gn{}, En{}, zN(n.size()), zG(i.size()) {
for (int n=0; n<zG; n++) gn.push_back(N<_N>(i[n],zN));
for (int i=0; i<zN; i++) {
ng.push_back(N<_G>(n[i],zG));
if (i < g.size()) for(int e=0; e<zG or e<g[i].size(); e++) if (g[i][e]=='#') setCell(i,e,true);
}}
bool solve(){
int i{}, g{};
for (int l = 0; l<zN; l++) {
if ((g = ng[l].fl()) == 0) return false; else i+=g;
for (int i = 0; i<zG; i++) if (ng[l].Tx[i] != ng[l].Tb[i]) setCell (l,i,ng[l].Tx[i]);
}
for (int l = 0; l<zG; l++) {
if ((g = gn[l].fl()) == 0) return false; else i+=g;
for (int i = 0; i<zN; i++) if (gn[l].Tx[i] != gn[l].Tb[i]) setCell (i,l,gn[l].Tx[i]);
}
if (i == En) return false; else En = i;
if (i == zN+zG) return true; else return solve();
}
const std::string toStr() const {
std::ostringstream n;
for (int i = 0; i<zN; i++){for (int g = 0; g<zG; g++){n << static_cast<char>(ng[i].fg(g));}n<<std::endl;}
return n.str();
}};
|
Generate an equivalent C# version of this C++ code. |
template<uint _N, uint _G> class Nonogram {
enum class ng_val : char {X='#',B='.',V='?'};
template<uint _NG> struct N {
N() {}
N(std::vector<int> ni,const int l) : X{},B{},Tx{},Tb{},ng(ni),En{},gNG(l){}
std::bitset<_NG> X, B, T, Tx, Tb;
std::vector<int> ng;
int En, gNG;
void fn (const int n,const int i,const int g,const int e,const int l){
if (fe(g,l,false) and fe(g+l,e,true)){
if ((n+1) < ng.size()) {if (fe(g+e+l,1,false)) fn(n+1,i-e-1,g+e+l+1,ng[n+1],0);}
else {
if (fe(g+e+l,gNG-(g+e+l),false)){Tb &= T.flip(); Tx &= T.flip(); ++En;}
}}
if (l<=gNG-g-i-1) fn(n,i,g,e,l+1);
}
void fi (const int n,const bool g) {X.set(n,g); B.set(n, not g);}
ng_val fg (const int n) const{return (X.test(n))? ng_val::X : (B.test(n))? ng_val::B : ng_val::V;}
inline bool fe (const int n,const int i, const bool g){
for (int e = n;e<n+i;++e) if ((g and fg(e)==ng_val::B) or (!g and fg(e)==ng_val::X)) return false; else T[e] = g;
return true;
}
int fl (){
if (En == 1) return 1;
Tx.set(); Tb.set(); En=0;
fn(0,std::accumulate(ng.cbegin(),ng.cend(),0)+ng.size()-1,0,ng[0],0);
return En;
}};
std::vector<N<_G>> ng;
std::vector<N<_N>> gn;
int En, zN, zG;
void setCell(uint n, uint i, bool g){ng[n].fi(i,g); gn[i].fi(n,g);}
public:
Nonogram(const std::vector<std::vector<int>>& n,const std::vector<std::vector<int>>& i,const std::vector<std::string>& g = {}) : ng{}, gn{}, En{}, zN(n.size()), zG(i.size()) {
for (int n=0; n<zG; n++) gn.push_back(N<_N>(i[n],zN));
for (int i=0; i<zN; i++) {
ng.push_back(N<_G>(n[i],zG));
if (i < g.size()) for(int e=0; e<zG or e<g[i].size(); e++) if (g[i][e]=='#') setCell(i,e,true);
}}
bool solve(){
int i{}, g{};
for (int l = 0; l<zN; l++) {
if ((g = ng[l].fl()) == 0) return false; else i+=g;
for (int i = 0; i<zG; i++) if (ng[l].Tx[i] != ng[l].Tb[i]) setCell (l,i,ng[l].Tx[i]);
}
for (int l = 0; l<zG; l++) {
if ((g = gn[l].fl()) == 0) return false; else i+=g;
for (int i = 0; i<zN; i++) if (gn[l].Tx[i] != gn[l].Tb[i]) setCell (i,l,gn[l].Tx[i]);
}
if (i == En) return false; else En = i;
if (i == zN+zG) return true; else return solve();
}
const std::string toStr() const {
std::ostringstream n;
for (int i = 0; i<zN; i++){for (int g = 0; g<zG; g++){n << static_cast<char>(ng[i].fg(g));}n<<std::endl;}
return n.str();
}};
| using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using static System.Linq.Enumerable;
public static class NonogramSolver
{
public static void Main2() {
foreach (var (x, y) in new [] {
("C BA CB BB F AE F A B", "AB CA AE GA E C D C"),
("F CAC ACAC CN AAA AABB EBB EAA ECCC HCCC",
"D D AE CD AE A DA BBB CC AAB BAA AAB DA AAB AAA BAB AAA CD BBA DA"),
("CA BDA ACC BD CCAC CBBAC BBBBB BAABAA ABAD AABB BBH BBBD ABBAAA CCEA AACAAB BCACC ACBH DCH ADBE ADBB DBE ECE DAA DB CC",
"BC CAC CBAB BDD CDBDE BEBDF ADCDFA DCCFB DBCFC ABDBA BBF AAF BADB DBF AAAAD BDG CEF CBDB BBB FC"),
("E BCB BEA BH BEK AABAF ABAC BAA BFB OD JH BADCF Q Q R AN AAN EI H G",
"E CB BAB AAA AAA AC BB ACC ACCA AGB AIA AJ AJ ACE AH BAF CAG DAG FAH FJ GJ ADK ABK BL CM")
})
{
Solve(x, y);
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
static void Solve(string rowLetters, string columnLetters) {
var r = rowLetters.Split(" ").Select(row => row.Select(s => s - 'A' + 1).ToArray()).ToArray();
var c = columnLetters.Split(" ").Select(column => column.Select(s => s - 'A' + 1).ToArray()).ToArray();
Solve(r, c);
}
static void Solve(int[][] rowRuns, int[][] columnRuns) {
int len = columnRuns.Length;
var rows = rowRuns.Select(row => Generate(len, row)).ToList();
var columns = columnRuns.Select(column => Generate(rowRuns.Length, column)).ToList();
Reduce(rows, columns);
foreach (var list in rows) {
if (list.Count != 1) Console.WriteLine(Repeat('?', len).Spaced());
else Console.WriteLine(list[0].ToString().PadLeft(len, '0').Replace('1', '#').Replace('0', '.').Reverse().Spaced());
}
}
static List<BitSet> Generate(int length, params int[] runs) {
var list = new List<BitSet>();
BitSet initial = BitSet.Empty;
int[] sums = new int[runs.Length];
sums[0] = 0;
for (int i = 1; i < runs.Length; i++) sums[i] = sums[i - 1] + runs[i - 1] + 1;
for (int r = 0; r < runs.Length; r++) initial = initial.AddRange(sums[r], runs[r]);
Generate(list, BitSet.Empty.Add(length), runs, sums, initial, 0, 0);
return list;
}
static void Generate(List<BitSet> result, BitSet max, int[] runs, int[] sums, BitSet current, int index, int shift) {
if (index == runs.Length) {
result.Add(current);
return;
}
while (current.Value < max.Value) {
Generate(result, max, runs, sums, current, index + 1, shift);
current = current.ShiftLeftAt(sums[index] + shift);
shift++;
}
}
static void Reduce(List<List<BitSet>> rows, List<List<BitSet>> columns) {
for (int count = 1; count > 0; ) {
foreach (var (rowIndex, row) in rows.WithIndex()) {
var allOn = row.Aggregate((a, b) => a & b);
var allOff = row.Aggregate((a, b) => a | b);
foreach (var (columnIndex, column) in columns.WithIndex()) {
count = column.RemoveAll(c => allOn.Contains(columnIndex) && !c.Contains(rowIndex));
count += column.RemoveAll(c => !allOff.Contains(columnIndex) && c.Contains(rowIndex));
}
}
foreach (var (columnIndex, column) in columns.WithIndex()) {
var allOn = column.Aggregate((a, b) => a & b);
var allOff = column.Aggregate((a, b) => a | b);
foreach (var (rowIndex, row) in rows.WithIndex()) {
count += row.RemoveAll(r => allOn.Contains(rowIndex) && !r.Contains(columnIndex));
count += row.RemoveAll(r => !allOff.Contains(rowIndex) && r.Contains(columnIndex));
}
}
}
}
static IEnumerable<(int index, T element)> WithIndex<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source) {
int i = 0;
foreach (T element in source) {
yield return (i++, element);
}
}
static string Reverse(this string s) {
char[] array = s.ToCharArray();
Array.Reverse(array);
return new string(array);
}
static string Spaced(this IEnumerable<char> s) => string.Join(" ", s);
struct BitSet
{
public static BitSet Empty => default;
private readonly int bits;
public int Value => bits;
private BitSet(int bits) => this.bits = bits;
public BitSet Add(int item) => new BitSet(bits | (1 << item));
public BitSet AddRange(int start, int count) => new BitSet(bits | (((1 << (start + count)) - 1) - ((1 << start) - 1)));
public bool Contains(int item) => (bits & (1 << item)) != 0;
public BitSet ShiftLeftAt(int index) => new BitSet((bits >> index << (index + 1)) | (bits & ((1 << index) - 1)));
public override string ToString() => Convert.ToString(bits, 2);
public static BitSet operator &(BitSet a, BitSet b) => new BitSet(a.bits & b.bits);
public static BitSet operator |(BitSet a, BitSet b) => new BitSet(a.bits | b.bits);
}
}
|
Change the following C# code into C++ without altering its purpose. | using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
namespace Wordseach
{
static class Program
{
readonly static int[,] dirs = {{1, 0}, {0, 1}, {1, 1}, {1, -1}, {-1, 0},
{0, -1}, {-1, -1}, {-1, 1}};
class Grid
{
public char[,] Cells = new char[nRows, nCols];
public List<string> Solutions = new List<string>();
public int NumAttempts;
}
readonly static int nRows = 10;
readonly static int nCols = 10;
readonly static int gridSize = nRows * nCols;
readonly static int minWords = 25;
readonly static Random rand = new Random();
static void Main(string[] args)
{
PrintResult(CreateWordSearch(ReadWords("unixdict.txt")));
}
private static List<string> ReadWords(string filename)
{
int maxLen = Math.Max(nRows, nCols);
return System.IO.File.ReadAllLines(filename)
.Select(s => s.Trim().ToLower())
.Where(s => Regex.IsMatch(s, "^[a-z]{3," + maxLen + "}$"))
.ToList();
}
private static Grid CreateWordSearch(List<string> words)
{
int numAttempts = 0;
while (++numAttempts < 100)
{
words.Shuffle();
var grid = new Grid();
int messageLen = PlaceMessage(grid, "Rosetta Code");
int target = gridSize - messageLen;
int cellsFilled = 0;
foreach (var word in words)
{
cellsFilled += TryPlaceWord(grid, word);
if (cellsFilled == target)
{
if (grid.Solutions.Count >= minWords)
{
grid.NumAttempts = numAttempts;
return grid;
}
else break;
}
}
}
return null;
}
private static int TryPlaceWord(Grid grid, string word)
{
int randDir = rand.Next(dirs.GetLength(0));
int randPos = rand.Next(gridSize);
for (int dir = 0; dir < dirs.GetLength(0); dir++)
{
dir = (dir + randDir) % dirs.GetLength(0);
for (int pos = 0; pos < gridSize; pos++)
{
pos = (pos + randPos) % gridSize;
int lettersPlaced = TryLocation(grid, word, dir, pos);
if (lettersPlaced > 0)
return lettersPlaced;
}
}
return 0;
}
private static int TryLocation(Grid grid, string word, int dir, int pos)
{
int r = pos / nCols;
int c = pos % nCols;
int len = word.Length;
if ((dirs[dir, 0] == 1 && (len + c) > nCols)
|| (dirs[dir, 0] == -1 && (len - 1) > c)
|| (dirs[dir, 1] == 1 && (len + r) > nRows)
|| (dirs[dir, 1] == -1 && (len - 1) > r))
return 0;
int rr, cc, i, overlaps = 0;
for (i = 0, rr = r, cc = c; i < len; i++)
{
if (grid.Cells[rr, cc] != 0 && grid.Cells[rr, cc] != word[i])
{
return 0;
}
cc += dirs[dir, 0];
rr += dirs[dir, 1];
}
for (i = 0, rr = r, cc = c; i < len; i++)
{
if (grid.Cells[rr, cc] == word[i])
overlaps++;
else
grid.Cells[rr, cc] = word[i];
if (i < len - 1)
{
cc += dirs[dir, 0];
rr += dirs[dir, 1];
}
}
int lettersPlaced = len - overlaps;
if (lettersPlaced > 0)
{
grid.Solutions.Add($"{word,-10} ({c},{r})({cc},{rr})");
}
return lettersPlaced;
}
private static int PlaceMessage(Grid grid, string msg)
{
msg = Regex.Replace(msg.ToUpper(), "[^A-Z]", "");
int messageLen = msg.Length;
if (messageLen > 0 && messageLen < gridSize)
{
int gapSize = gridSize / messageLen;
for (int i = 0; i < messageLen; i++)
{
int pos = i * gapSize + rand.Next(gapSize);
grid.Cells[pos / nCols, pos % nCols] = msg[i];
}
return messageLen;
}
return 0;
}
public static void Shuffle<T>(this IList<T> list)
{
int n = list.Count;
while (n > 1)
{
n--;
int k = rand.Next(n + 1);
T value = list[k];
list[k] = list[n];
list[n] = value;
}
}
private static void PrintResult(Grid grid)
{
if (grid == null || grid.NumAttempts == 0)
{
Console.WriteLine("No grid to display");
return;
}
int size = grid.Solutions.Count;
Console.WriteLine("Attempts: " + grid.NumAttempts);
Console.WriteLine("Number of words: " + size);
Console.WriteLine("\n 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9");
for (int r = 0; r < nRows; r++)
{
Console.Write("\n{0} ", r);
for (int c = 0; c < nCols; c++)
Console.Write(" {0} ", grid.Cells[r, c]);
}
Console.WriteLine("\n");
for (int i = 0; i < size - 1; i += 2)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} {1}", grid.Solutions[i],
grid.Solutions[i + 1]);
}
if (size % 2 == 1)
Console.WriteLine(grid.Solutions[size - 1]);
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
| #include <iomanip>
#include <ctime>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <fstream>
const int WID = 10, HEI = 10, MIN_WORD_LEN = 3, MIN_WORD_CNT = 25;
class Cell {
public:
Cell() : val( 0 ), cntOverlap( 0 ) {}
char val; int cntOverlap;
};
class Word {
public:
Word( std::string s, int cs, int rs, int ce, int re, int dc, int dr ) :
word( s ), cols( cs ), rows( rs ), cole( ce ), rowe( re ), dx( dc ), dy( dr ) {}
bool operator ==( const std::string& s ) { return 0 == word.compare( s ); }
std::string word;
int cols, rows, cole, rowe, dx, dy;
};
class words {
public:
void create( std::string& file ) {
std::ifstream f( file.c_str(), std::ios_base::in );
std::string word;
while( f >> word ) {
if( word.length() < MIN_WORD_LEN || word.length() > WID || word.length() > HEI ) continue;
if( word.find_first_not_of( "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" ) != word.npos ) continue;
dictionary.push_back( word );
}
f.close();
std::random_shuffle( dictionary.begin(), dictionary.end() );
buildPuzzle();
}
void printOut() {
std::cout << "\t";
for( int x = 0; x < WID; x++ ) std::cout << x << " ";
std::cout << "\n\n";
for( int y = 0; y < HEI; y++ ) {
std::cout << y << "\t";
for( int x = 0; x < WID; x++ )
std::cout << puzzle[x][y].val << " ";
std::cout << "\n";
}
size_t wid1 = 0, wid2 = 0;
for( size_t x = 0; x < used.size(); x++ ) {
if( x & 1 ) {
if( used[x].word.length() > wid1 ) wid1 = used[x].word.length();
} else {
if( used[x].word.length() > wid2 ) wid2 = used[x].word.length();
}
}
std::cout << "\n";
std::vector<Word>::iterator w = used.begin();
while( w != used.end() ) {
std::cout << std::right << std::setw( wid1 ) << ( *w ).word << " (" << ( *w ).cols << ", " << ( *w ).rows << ") ("
<< ( *w ).cole << ", " << ( *w ).rowe << ")\t";
w++;
if( w == used.end() ) break;
std::cout << std::setw( wid2 ) << ( *w ).word << " (" << ( *w ).cols << ", " << ( *w ).rows << ") ("
<< ( *w ).cole << ", " << ( *w ).rowe << ")\n";
w++;
}
std::cout << "\n\n";
}
private:
void addMsg() {
std::string msg = "ROSETTACODE";
int stp = 9, p = rand() % stp;
for( size_t x = 0; x < msg.length(); x++ ) {
puzzle[p % WID][p / HEI].val = msg.at( x );
p += rand() % stp + 4;
}
}
int getEmptySpaces() {
int es = 0;
for( int y = 0; y < HEI; y++ ) {
for( int x = 0; x < WID; x++ ) {
if( !puzzle[x][y].val ) es++;
}
}
return es;
}
bool check( std::string word, int c, int r, int dc, int dr ) {
for( size_t a = 0; a < word.length(); a++ ) {
if( c < 0 || r < 0 || c >= WID || r >= HEI ) return false;
if( puzzle[c][r].val && puzzle[c][r].val != word.at( a ) ) return false;
c += dc; r += dr;
}
return true;
}
bool setWord( std::string word, int c, int r, int dc, int dr ) {
if( !check( word, c, r, dc, dr ) ) return false;
int sx = c, sy = r;
for( size_t a = 0; a < word.length(); a++ ) {
if( !puzzle[c][r].val ) puzzle[c][r].val = word.at( a );
else puzzle[c][r].cntOverlap++;
c += dc; r += dr;
}
used.push_back( Word( word, sx, sy, c - dc, r - dr, dc, dr ) );
return true;
}
bool add2Puzzle( std::string word ) {
int x = rand() % WID, y = rand() % HEI,
z = rand() % 8;
for( int d = z; d < z + 8; d++ ) {
switch( d % 8 ) {
case 0: if( setWord( word, x, y, 1, 0 ) ) return true; break;
case 1: if( setWord( word, x, y, -1, -1 ) ) return true; break;
case 2: if( setWord( word, x, y, 0, 1 ) ) return true; break;
case 3: if( setWord( word, x, y, 1, -1 ) ) return true; break;
case 4: if( setWord( word, x, y, -1, 0 ) ) return true; break;
case 5: if( setWord( word, x, y, -1, 1 ) ) return true; break;
case 6: if( setWord( word, x, y, 0, -1 ) ) return true; break;
case 7: if( setWord( word, x, y, 1, 1 ) ) return true; break;
}
}
return false;
}
void clearWord() {
if( used.size() ) {
Word lastW = used.back();
used.pop_back();
for( size_t a = 0; a < lastW.word.length(); a++ ) {
if( puzzle[lastW.cols][lastW.rows].cntOverlap == 0 ) {
puzzle[lastW.cols][lastW.rows].val = 0;
}
if( puzzle[lastW.cols][lastW.rows].cntOverlap > 0 ) {
puzzle[lastW.cols][lastW.rows].cntOverlap--;
}
lastW.cols += lastW.dx; lastW.rows += lastW.dy;
}
}
}
void buildPuzzle() {
addMsg();
int es = 0, cnt = 0;
size_t idx = 0;
do {
for( std::vector<std::string>::iterator w = dictionary.begin(); w != dictionary.end(); w++ ) {
if( std::find( used.begin(), used.end(), *w ) != used.end() ) continue;
if( add2Puzzle( *w ) ) {
es = getEmptySpaces();
if( !es && used.size() >= MIN_WORD_CNT )
return;
}
}
clearWord();
std::random_shuffle( dictionary.begin(), dictionary.end() );
} while( ++cnt < 100 );
}
std::vector<Word> used;
std::vector<std::string> dictionary;
Cell puzzle[WID][HEI];
};
int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) {
unsigned s = unsigned( time( 0 ) );
srand( s );
words w; w.create( std::string( "unixdict.txt" ) );
w.printOut();
return 0;
}
|
Please provide an equivalent version of this C# code in C++. | using System;
using System.Reflection;
public class MyClass
{
private int answer = 42;
}
public class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
var myInstance = new MyClass();
var fieldInfo = typeof(MyClass).GetField("answer", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
var answer = fieldInfo.GetValue(myInstance);
Console.WriteLine(answer);
}
}
| #include <iostream>
class CWidget;
class CFactory
{
friend class CWidget;
private:
unsigned int m_uiCount;
public:
CFactory();
~CFactory();
CWidget* GetWidget();
};
class CWidget
{
private:
CFactory& m_parent;
private:
CWidget();
CWidget(const CWidget&);
CWidget& operator=(const CWidget&);
public:
CWidget(CFactory& parent);
~CWidget();
};
CFactory::CFactory() : m_uiCount(0) {}
CFactory::~CFactory() {}
CWidget* CFactory::GetWidget()
{
return new CWidget(*this);
}
CWidget::CWidget(CFactory& parent) : m_parent(parent)
{
++m_parent.m_uiCount;
std::cout << "Widget spawning. There are now " << m_parent.m_uiCount << " Widgets instanciated." << std::endl;
}
CWidget::~CWidget()
{
--m_parent.m_uiCount;
std::cout << "Widget dieing. There are now " << m_parent.m_uiCount << " Widgets instanciated." << std::endl;
}
int main()
{
CFactory factory;
CWidget* pWidget1 = factory.GetWidget();
CWidget* pWidget2 = factory.GetWidget();
delete pWidget1;
CWidget* pWidget3 = factory.GetWidget();
delete pWidget3;
delete pWidget2;
}
|
Please provide an equivalent version of this C++ code in C#. | #include <iostream>
class CWidget;
class CFactory
{
friend class CWidget;
private:
unsigned int m_uiCount;
public:
CFactory();
~CFactory();
CWidget* GetWidget();
};
class CWidget
{
private:
CFactory& m_parent;
private:
CWidget();
CWidget(const CWidget&);
CWidget& operator=(const CWidget&);
public:
CWidget(CFactory& parent);
~CWidget();
};
CFactory::CFactory() : m_uiCount(0) {}
CFactory::~CFactory() {}
CWidget* CFactory::GetWidget()
{
return new CWidget(*this);
}
CWidget::CWidget(CFactory& parent) : m_parent(parent)
{
++m_parent.m_uiCount;
std::cout << "Widget spawning. There are now " << m_parent.m_uiCount << " Widgets instanciated." << std::endl;
}
CWidget::~CWidget()
{
--m_parent.m_uiCount;
std::cout << "Widget dieing. There are now " << m_parent.m_uiCount << " Widgets instanciated." << std::endl;
}
int main()
{
CFactory factory;
CWidget* pWidget1 = factory.GetWidget();
CWidget* pWidget2 = factory.GetWidget();
delete pWidget1;
CWidget* pWidget3 = factory.GetWidget();
delete pWidget3;
delete pWidget2;
}
| using System;
using System.Reflection;
public class MyClass
{
private int answer = 42;
}
public class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
var myInstance = new MyClass();
var fieldInfo = typeof(MyClass).GetField("answer", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
var answer = fieldInfo.GetValue(myInstance);
Console.WriteLine(answer);
}
}
|
Rewrite the snippet below in C# so it works the same as the original C++ code. | #include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <boost/serialization/string.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/text_oarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/text_iarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/base_object.hpp>
#include <iostream>
class Employee {
public :
Employee( ) { }
Employee ( const std::string &dep , const std::string &namen )
: department( dep ) , name( namen ) {
my_id = count++ ;
}
std::string getName( ) const {
return name ;
}
std::string getDepartment( ) const {
return department ;
}
int getId( ) const {
return my_id ;
}
void setDepartment( const std::string &dep ) {
department.assign( dep ) ;
}
virtual void print( ) {
std::cout << "Name: " << name << '\n' ;
std::cout << "Id: " << my_id << '\n' ;
std::cout << "Department: " << department << '\n' ;
}
virtual ~Employee( ) { }
static int count ;
private :
std::string name ;
std::string department ;
int my_id ;
friend class boost::serialization::access ;
template <class Archive>
void serialize( Archive &ar, const unsigned int version ) {
ar & my_id ;
ar & name ;
ar & department ;
}
} ;
class Worker : public Employee {
public :
Worker( const std::string & dep, const std::string &namen ,
double hourlyPay ) : Employee( dep , namen ) , salary( hourlyPay) { }
Worker( ) { }
double getSalary( ) {
return salary ;
}
void setSalary( double pay ) {
if ( pay > 0 )
salary = pay ;
}
virtual void print( ) {
Employee::print( ) ;
std::cout << "wage per hour: " << salary << '\n' ;
}
private :
double salary ;
friend class boost::serialization::access ;
template <class Archive>
void serialize ( Archive & ar, const unsigned int version ) {
ar & boost::serialization::base_object<Employee>( *this ) ;
ar & salary ;
}
} ;
int Employee::count = 0 ;
int main( ) {
std::ofstream storefile( "/home/ulrich/objects.dat" ) ;
const Employee emp1( "maintenance" , "Fritz Schmalstieg" ) ;
const Employee emp2( "maintenance" , "John Berry" ) ;
const Employee emp3( "repair" , "Pawel Lichatschow" ) ;
const Employee emp4( "IT" , "Marian Niculescu" ) ;
const Worker worker1( "maintenance" , "Laurent Le Chef" , 20 ) ;
const Worker worker2 ( "IT" , "Srinivan Taraman" , 55.35 ) ;
boost::archive::text_oarchive oar ( storefile ) ;
oar << emp1 ;
oar << emp2 ;
oar << emp3 ;
oar << emp4 ;
oar << worker1 ;
oar << worker2 ;
storefile.close( ) ;
std::cout << "Reading out the data again\n" ;
Employee e1 , e2 , e3 , e4 ;
Worker w1, w2 ;
std::ifstream sourcefile( "/home/ulrich/objects.dat" ) ;
boost::archive::text_iarchive iar( sourcefile ) ;
iar >> e1 >> e2 >> e3 >> e4 ;
iar >> w1 >> w2 ;
sourcefile.close( ) ;
std::cout << "And here are the data after deserialization!( abridged):\n" ;
e1.print( ) ;
e3.print( ) ;
w2.print( ) ;
return 0 ;
}
| using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
namespace Object_serialization
{
[Serializable] public class Being
{
public bool Alive { get; set; }
}
[Serializable] public class Animal: Being
{
public Animal() { }
public Animal(long id, string name, bool alive = true)
{
Id = id;
Name = name;
Alive = alive;
}
public long Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public void Print() { Console.WriteLine("{0}, id={1} is {2}",
Name, Id, Alive ? "alive" : "dead"); }
}
internal class Program
{
private static void Main()
{
string path =
Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Desktop)+"\\objects.dat";
var n = new List<Animal>
{
new Animal(1, "Fido"),
new Animal(2, "Lupo"),
new Animal(7, "Wanda"),
new Animal(3, "Kiki", alive: false)
};
foreach(Animal animal in n)
animal.Print();
using(var stream = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
new BinaryFormatter().Serialize(stream, n);
n.Clear();
Console.WriteLine("---------------");
List<Animal> m;
using(var stream = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
m = (List<Animal>) new BinaryFormatter().Deserialize(stream);
foreach(Animal animal in m)
animal.Print();
}
}
}
|
Rewrite this program in C++ while keeping its functionality equivalent to the C# version. | using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace Eertree {
class Node {
public Node(int length) {
this.Length = length;
this.Edges = new Dictionary<char, int>();
}
public Node(int length, Dictionary<char, int> edges, int suffix) {
this.Length = length;
this.Edges = edges;
this.Suffix = suffix;
}
public int Length { get; set; }
public Dictionary<char, int> Edges { get; set; }
public int Suffix { get; set; }
}
class Program {
const int EVEN_ROOT = 0;
const int ODD_ROOT = 1;
static List<Node> Eertree(string s) {
List<Node> tree = new List<Node> {
new Node(0, new Dictionary<char, int>(), ODD_ROOT),
new Node(-1, new Dictionary<char, int>(), ODD_ROOT)
};
int suffix = ODD_ROOT;
int n, k;
for (int i = 0; i < s.Length; i++) {
char c = s[i];
for (n = suffix; ; n = tree[n].Suffix) {
k = tree[n].Length;
int b = i - k - 1;
if (b >= 0 && s[b] == c) {
break;
}
}
if (tree[n].Edges.ContainsKey(c)) {
suffix = tree[n].Edges[c];
continue;
}
suffix = tree.Count;
tree.Add(new Node(k + 2));
tree[n].Edges[c] = suffix;
if (tree[suffix].Length == 1) {
tree[suffix].Suffix = 0;
continue;
}
while (true) {
n = tree[n].Suffix;
int b = i - tree[n].Length - 1;
if (b >= 0 && s[b] == c) {
break;
}
}
tree[suffix].Suffix = tree[n].Edges[c];
}
return tree;
}
static List<string> SubPalindromes(List<Node> tree) {
List<string> s = new List<string>();
SubPalindromes_children(0, "", tree, s);
foreach (var c in tree[1].Edges.Keys) {
int m = tree[1].Edges[c];
string ct = c.ToString();
s.Add(ct);
SubPalindromes_children(m, ct, tree, s);
}
return s;
}
static void SubPalindromes_children(int n, string p, List<Node> tree, List<string> s) {
foreach (var c in tree[n].Edges.Keys) {
int m = tree[n].Edges[c];
string p1 = c + p + c;
s.Add(p1);
SubPalindromes_children(m, p1, tree, s);
}
}
static void Main(string[] args) {
List<Node> tree = Eertree("eertree");
List<string> result = SubPalindromes(tree);
string listStr = string.Join(", ", result);
Console.WriteLine("[{0}]", listStr);
}
}
}
| #include <iostream>
#include <functional>
#include <map>
#include <vector>
struct Node {
int length;
std::map<char, int> edges;
int suffix;
Node(int l) : length(l), suffix(0) {
}
Node(int l, const std::map<char, int>& m, int s) : length(l), edges(m), suffix(s) {
}
};
constexpr int evenRoot = 0;
constexpr int oddRoot = 1;
std::vector<Node> eertree(const std::string& s) {
std::vector<Node> tree = {
Node(0, {}, oddRoot),
Node(-1, {}, oddRoot)
};
int suffix = oddRoot;
int n, k;
for (size_t i = 0; i < s.length(); ++i) {
char c = s[i];
for (n = suffix; ; n = tree[n].suffix) {
k = tree[n].length;
int b = i - k - 1;
if (b >= 0 && s[b] == c) {
break;
}
}
auto it = tree[n].edges.find(c);
auto end = tree[n].edges.end();
if (it != end) {
suffix = it->second;
continue;
}
suffix = tree.size();
tree.push_back(Node(k + 2));
tree[n].edges[c] = suffix;
if (tree[suffix].length == 1) {
tree[suffix].suffix = 0;
continue;
}
while (true) {
n = tree[n].suffix;
int b = i - tree[n].length - 1;
if (b >= 0 && s[b] == c) {
break;
}
}
tree[suffix].suffix = tree[n].edges[c];
}
return tree;
}
std::vector<std::string> subPalindromes(const std::vector<Node>& tree) {
std::vector<std::string> s;
std::function<void(int, std::string)> children;
children = [&children, &tree, &s](int n, std::string p) {
auto it = tree[n].edges.cbegin();
auto end = tree[n].edges.cend();
for (; it != end; it = std::next(it)) {
auto c = it->first;
auto m = it->second;
std::string pl = c + p + c;
s.push_back(pl);
children(m, pl);
}
};
children(0, "");
auto it = tree[1].edges.cbegin();
auto end = tree[1].edges.cend();
for (; it != end; it = std::next(it)) {
auto c = it->first;
auto n = it->second;
std::string ct(1, c);
s.push_back(ct);
children(n, ct);
}
return s;
}
int main() {
using namespace std;
auto tree = eertree("eertree");
auto pal = subPalindromes(tree);
auto it = pal.cbegin();
auto end = pal.cend();
cout << "[";
if (it != end) {
cout << it->c_str();
it++;
}
while (it != end) {
cout << ", " << it->c_str();
it++;
}
cout << "]" << endl;
return 0;
}
|
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