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Transform the following Go implementation into C, maintaining the same output and logic.
package main import ( "github.com/gotk3/gotk3/gtk" "log" "math/rand" "strconv" "time" ) func validateInput(window *gtk.Window, str string) (int64, bool) { i, err := strconv.ParseInt(str, 10, 64) if err != nil { dialog := gtk.MessageDialogNew( window, gtk.DIALOG_MODAL, gtk.MESSAGE_ERROR, gtk.BUTTONS_OK, "Invalid value", ) dialog.Run() dialog.Destroy() return 0, false } return i, true } func check(err error, msg string) { if err != nil { log.Fatal(msg, err) } } func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) gtk.Init(nil) window, err := gtk.WindowNew(gtk.WINDOW_TOPLEVEL) check(err, "Unable to create window:") window.SetTitle("Rosetta Code") window.SetPosition(gtk.WIN_POS_CENTER) window.Connect("destroy", func() { gtk.MainQuit() }) box, err := gtk.BoxNew(gtk.ORIENTATION_HORIZONTAL, 1) check(err, "Unable to create box:") box.SetBorderWidth(1) label, err := gtk.LabelNew("Value:") check(err, "Unable to create label:") entry, err := gtk.EntryNew() check(err, "Unable to create entry:") entry.SetText("0") entry.Connect("activate", func() { str, _ := entry.GetText() validateInput(window, str) }) ib, err := gtk.ButtonNewWithLabel("Increment") check(err, "Unable to create increment button:") ib.Connect("clicked", func() { str, _ := entry.GetText() if i, ok := validateInput(window, str); ok { entry.SetText(strconv.FormatInt(i+1, 10)) } }) rb, err := gtk.ButtonNewWithLabel("Random") check(err, "Unable to create random button:") rb.Connect("clicked", func() { dialog := gtk.MessageDialogNew( window, gtk.DIALOG_MODAL, gtk.MESSAGE_QUESTION, gtk.BUTTONS_YES_NO, "Set random value", ) answer := dialog.Run() dialog.Destroy() if answer == gtk.RESPONSE_YES { entry.SetText(strconv.Itoa(rand.Intn(10000))) } }) box.PackStart(label, false, false, 2) box.PackStart(entry, false, false, 2) box.PackStart(ib, false, false, 2) box.PackStart(rb, false, false, 2) window.Add(box) window.ShowAll() gtk.Main() }
#include <windows.h> #include "resource.h" BOOL CALLBACK DlgProc( HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wPar, LPARAM lPar ) { switch( msg ) { case WM_INITDIALOG: srand( GetTickCount() ); SetDlgItemInt( hwnd, IDC_INPUT, 0, FALSE ); break; case WM_COMMAND: switch( LOWORD(wPar) ) { case IDC_INCREMENT: { UINT n = GetDlgItemInt( hwnd, IDC_INPUT, NULL, FALSE ); SetDlgItemInt( hwnd, IDC_INPUT, ++n, FALSE ); } break; case IDC_RANDOM: { int reply = MessageBox( hwnd, "Do you really want to\nget a random number?", "Random input confirmation", MB_ICONQUESTION|MB_YESNO ); if( reply == IDYES ) SetDlgItemInt( hwnd, IDC_INPUT, rand(), FALSE ); } break; case IDC_QUIT: SendMessage( hwnd, WM_CLOSE, 0, 0 ); break; default: ; } break; case WM_CLOSE: { int reply = MessageBox( hwnd, "Do you really want to quit?", "Quit confirmation", MB_ICONQUESTION|MB_YESNO ); if( reply == IDYES ) EndDialog( hwnd, 0 ); } break; default: ; } return 0; } int WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE hPInst, LPSTR cmdLn, int show ) { return DialogBox( hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_DLG), NULL, DlgProc ); }
Convert the following code from Go to C, ensuring the logic remains intact.
package main import ( "github.com/gotk3/gotk3/gtk" "log" "math/rand" "strconv" "time" ) func validateInput(window *gtk.Window, str string) (int64, bool) { i, err := strconv.ParseInt(str, 10, 64) if err != nil { dialog := gtk.MessageDialogNew( window, gtk.DIALOG_MODAL, gtk.MESSAGE_ERROR, gtk.BUTTONS_OK, "Invalid value", ) dialog.Run() dialog.Destroy() return 0, false } return i, true } func check(err error, msg string) { if err != nil { log.Fatal(msg, err) } } func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) gtk.Init(nil) window, err := gtk.WindowNew(gtk.WINDOW_TOPLEVEL) check(err, "Unable to create window:") window.SetTitle("Rosetta Code") window.SetPosition(gtk.WIN_POS_CENTER) window.Connect("destroy", func() { gtk.MainQuit() }) box, err := gtk.BoxNew(gtk.ORIENTATION_HORIZONTAL, 1) check(err, "Unable to create box:") box.SetBorderWidth(1) label, err := gtk.LabelNew("Value:") check(err, "Unable to create label:") entry, err := gtk.EntryNew() check(err, "Unable to create entry:") entry.SetText("0") entry.Connect("activate", func() { str, _ := entry.GetText() validateInput(window, str) }) ib, err := gtk.ButtonNewWithLabel("Increment") check(err, "Unable to create increment button:") ib.Connect("clicked", func() { str, _ := entry.GetText() if i, ok := validateInput(window, str); ok { entry.SetText(strconv.FormatInt(i+1, 10)) } }) rb, err := gtk.ButtonNewWithLabel("Random") check(err, "Unable to create random button:") rb.Connect("clicked", func() { dialog := gtk.MessageDialogNew( window, gtk.DIALOG_MODAL, gtk.MESSAGE_QUESTION, gtk.BUTTONS_YES_NO, "Set random value", ) answer := dialog.Run() dialog.Destroy() if answer == gtk.RESPONSE_YES { entry.SetText(strconv.Itoa(rand.Intn(10000))) } }) box.PackStart(label, false, false, 2) box.PackStart(entry, false, false, 2) box.PackStart(ib, false, false, 2) box.PackStart(rb, false, false, 2) window.Add(box) window.ShowAll() gtk.Main() }
#include <windows.h> #include "resource.h" BOOL CALLBACK DlgProc( HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wPar, LPARAM lPar ) { switch( msg ) { case WM_INITDIALOG: srand( GetTickCount() ); SetDlgItemInt( hwnd, IDC_INPUT, 0, FALSE ); break; case WM_COMMAND: switch( LOWORD(wPar) ) { case IDC_INCREMENT: { UINT n = GetDlgItemInt( hwnd, IDC_INPUT, NULL, FALSE ); SetDlgItemInt( hwnd, IDC_INPUT, ++n, FALSE ); } break; case IDC_RANDOM: { int reply = MessageBox( hwnd, "Do you really want to\nget a random number?", "Random input confirmation", MB_ICONQUESTION|MB_YESNO ); if( reply == IDYES ) SetDlgItemInt( hwnd, IDC_INPUT, rand(), FALSE ); } break; case IDC_QUIT: SendMessage( hwnd, WM_CLOSE, 0, 0 ); break; default: ; } break; case WM_CLOSE: { int reply = MessageBox( hwnd, "Do you really want to quit?", "Quit confirmation", MB_ICONQUESTION|MB_YESNO ); if( reply == IDYES ) EndDialog( hwnd, 0 ); } break; default: ; } return 0; } int WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE hPInst, LPSTR cmdLn, int show ) { return DialogBox( hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_DLG), NULL, DlgProc ); }
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Go to C.
package main import ( "bufio" "fmt" "io" "math/rand" "time" ) func choseLineRandomly(r io.Reader) (s string, ln int, err error) { br := bufio.NewReader(r) s, err = br.ReadString('\n') if err != nil { return } ln = 1 lnLast := 1. var sLast string for { sLast, err = br.ReadString('\n') if err == io.EOF { return s, ln, nil } if err != nil { break } lnLast++ if rand.Float64() < 1/lnLast { s = sLast ln = int(lnLast) } } return } func oneOfN(n int, file io.Reader) int { _, ln, err := choseLineRandomly(file) if err != nil { panic(err) } return ln } type simReader int func (r *simReader) Read(b []byte) (int, error) { if *r <= 0 { return 0, io.EOF } b[0] = '\n' *r-- return 1, nil } func main() { n := 10 freq := make([]int, n) rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) for times := 0; times < 1e6; times++ { sr := simReader(n) freq[oneOfN(n, &sr)-1]++ } fmt.Println(freq) }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> inline int irand(int n) { int r, randmax = RAND_MAX/n * n; while ((r = rand()) >= randmax); return r / (randmax / n); } inline int one_of_n(int n) { int i, r = 0; for (i = 1; i < n; i++) if (!irand(i + 1)) r = i; return r; } int main(void) { int i, r[10] = {0}; for (i = 0; i < 1000000; i++, r[one_of_n(10)]++); for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) printf("%d%c", r[i], i == 9 ? '\n':' '); return 0; }
Change the following Go code into C without altering its purpose.
package main import ( "bufio" "fmt" "io" "math/rand" "time" ) func choseLineRandomly(r io.Reader) (s string, ln int, err error) { br := bufio.NewReader(r) s, err = br.ReadString('\n') if err != nil { return } ln = 1 lnLast := 1. var sLast string for { sLast, err = br.ReadString('\n') if err == io.EOF { return s, ln, nil } if err != nil { break } lnLast++ if rand.Float64() < 1/lnLast { s = sLast ln = int(lnLast) } } return } func oneOfN(n int, file io.Reader) int { _, ln, err := choseLineRandomly(file) if err != nil { panic(err) } return ln } type simReader int func (r *simReader) Read(b []byte) (int, error) { if *r <= 0 { return 0, io.EOF } b[0] = '\n' *r-- return 1, nil } func main() { n := 10 freq := make([]int, n) rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) for times := 0; times < 1e6; times++ { sr := simReader(n) freq[oneOfN(n, &sr)-1]++ } fmt.Println(freq) }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> inline int irand(int n) { int r, randmax = RAND_MAX/n * n; while ((r = rand()) >= randmax); return r / (randmax / n); } inline int one_of_n(int n) { int i, r = 0; for (i = 1; i < n; i++) if (!irand(i + 1)) r = i; return r; } int main(void) { int i, r[10] = {0}; for (i = 0; i < 1000000; i++, r[one_of_n(10)]++); for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) printf("%d%c", r[i], i == 9 ? '\n':' '); return 0; }
Please provide an equivalent version of this Go code in C.
package main import ( "fmt" "strconv" ) func main() { var maxLen int var seqMaxLen [][]string for n := 1; n < 1e6; n++ { switch s := seq(n); { case len(s) == maxLen: seqMaxLen = append(seqMaxLen, s) case len(s) > maxLen: maxLen = len(s) seqMaxLen = [][]string{s} } } fmt.Println("Max sequence length:", maxLen) fmt.Println("Sequences:", len(seqMaxLen)) for _, seq := range seqMaxLen { fmt.Println("Sequence:") for _, t := range seq { fmt.Println(t) } } } func seq(n int) []string { s := strconv.Itoa(n) ss := []string{s} for { dSeq := sortD(s) d := dSeq[0] nd := 1 s = "" for i := 1; ; i++ { if i == len(dSeq) { s = fmt.Sprintf("%s%d%c", s, nd, d) break } if dSeq[i] == d { nd++ } else { s = fmt.Sprintf("%s%d%c", s, nd, d) d = dSeq[i] nd = 1 } } for _, s0 := range ss { if s == s0 { return ss } } ss = append(ss, s) } panic("unreachable") } func sortD(s string) []rune { r := make([]rune, len(s)) for i, d := range s { j := 0 for ; j < i; j++ { if d > r[j] { copy(r[j+1:], r[j:i]) break } } r[j] = d } return r }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> typedef struct rec_t rec_t; struct rec_t { int depth; rec_t * p[10]; }; rec_t root = {0, {0}}; #define USE_POOL_ALLOC #ifdef USE_POOL_ALLOC rec_t *tail = 0, *head = 0; #define POOL_SIZE (1 << 20) inline rec_t *new_rec() { if (head == tail) { head = calloc(sizeof(rec_t), POOL_SIZE); tail = head + POOL_SIZE; } return head++; } #else #define new_rec() calloc(sizeof(rec_t), 1) #endif rec_t *find_rec(char *s) { int i; rec_t *r = &root; while (*s) { i = *s++ - '0'; if (!r->p[i]) r->p[i] = new_rec(); r = r->p[i]; } return r; } char number[100][4]; void init() { int i; for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) sprintf(number[i], "%d", i); } void count(char *buf) { int i, c[10] = {0}; char *s; for (s = buf; *s; c[*s++ - '0']++); for (i = 9; i >= 0; i--) { if (!c[i]) continue; s = number[c[i]]; *buf++ = s[0]; if ((*buf = s[1])) buf++; *buf++ = i + '0'; } *buf = '\0'; } int depth(char *in, int d) { rec_t *r = find_rec(in); if (r->depth > 0) return r->depth; d++; if (!r->depth) r->depth = -d; else r->depth += d; count(in); d = depth(in, d); if (r->depth <= 0) r->depth = d + 1; return r->depth; } int main(void) { char a[100]; int i, d, best_len = 0, n_best = 0; int best_ints[32]; rec_t *r; init(); for (i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) { sprintf(a, "%d", i); d = depth(a, 0); if (d < best_len) continue; if (d > best_len) { n_best = 0; best_len = d; } if (d == best_len) best_ints[n_best++] = i; } printf("longest length: %d\n", best_len); for (i = 0; i < n_best; i++) { printf("%d\n", best_ints[i]); sprintf(a, "%d", best_ints[i]); for (d = 0; d <= best_len; d++) { r = find_rec(a); printf("%3d: %s\n", r->depth, a); count(a); } putchar('\n'); } return 0; }
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in C.
import ( "fmt" "strings" ) func main() { for _, n := range []int64{ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 11, 65, 100, 101, 272, 23456, 8007006005004003, } { fmt.Println(sayOrdinal(n)) } } var irregularOrdinals = map[string]string{ "one": "first", "two": "second", "three": "third", "five": "fifth", "eight": "eighth", "nine": "ninth", "twelve": "twelfth", } func sayOrdinal(n int64) string { s := say(n) i := strings.LastIndexAny(s, " -") i++ if x, ok := irregularOrdinals[s[i:]]; ok { s = s[:i] + x } else if s[len(s)-1] == 'y' { s = s[:i] + s[i:len(s)-1] + "ieth" } else { s = s[:i] + s[i:] + "th" } return s } var small = [...]string{"zero", "one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine", "ten", "eleven", "twelve", "thirteen", "fourteen", "fifteen", "sixteen", "seventeen", "eighteen", "nineteen"} var tens = [...]string{"", "", "twenty", "thirty", "forty", "fifty", "sixty", "seventy", "eighty", "ninety"} var illions = [...]string{"", " thousand", " million", " billion", " trillion", " quadrillion", " quintillion"} func say(n int64) string { var t string if n < 0 { t = "negative " n = -n } switch { case n < 20: t += small[n] case n < 100: t += tens[n/10] s := n % 10 if s > 0 { t += "-" + small[s] } case n < 1000: t += small[n/100] + " hundred" s := n % 100 if s > 0 { t += " " + say(s) } default: sx := "" for i := 0; n > 0; i++ { p := n % 1000 n /= 1000 if p > 0 { ix := say(p) + illions[i] if sx != "" { ix += " " + sx } sx = ix } } t += sx } return t }
#include <stdbool.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <glib.h> typedef uint64_t integer; typedef struct number_names_tag { const char* cardinal; const char* ordinal; } number_names; const number_names small[] = { { "zero", "zeroth" }, { "one", "first" }, { "two", "second" }, { "three", "third" }, { "four", "fourth" }, { "five", "fifth" }, { "six", "sixth" }, { "seven", "seventh" }, { "eight", "eighth" }, { "nine", "ninth" }, { "ten", "tenth" }, { "eleven", "eleventh" }, { "twelve", "twelfth" }, { "thirteen", "thirteenth" }, { "fourteen", "fourteenth" }, { "fifteen", "fifteenth" }, { "sixteen", "sixteenth" }, { "seventeen", "seventeenth" }, { "eighteen", "eighteenth" }, { "nineteen", "nineteenth" } }; const number_names tens[] = { { "twenty", "twentieth" }, { "thirty", "thirtieth" }, { "forty", "fortieth" }, { "fifty", "fiftieth" }, { "sixty", "sixtieth" }, { "seventy", "seventieth" }, { "eighty", "eightieth" }, { "ninety", "ninetieth" } }; typedef struct named_number_tag { const char* cardinal; const char* ordinal; integer number; } named_number; const named_number named_numbers[] = { { "hundred", "hundredth", 100 }, { "thousand", "thousandth", 1000 }, { "million", "millionth", 1000000 }, { "billion", "billionth", 1000000000 }, { "trillion", "trillionth", 1000000000000 }, { "quadrillion", "quadrillionth", 1000000000000000ULL }, { "quintillion", "quintillionth", 1000000000000000000ULL } }; const char* get_small_name(const number_names* n, bool ordinal) { return ordinal ? n->ordinal : n->cardinal; } const char* get_big_name(const named_number* n, bool ordinal) { return ordinal ? n->ordinal : n->cardinal; } const named_number* get_named_number(integer n) { const size_t names_len = sizeof(named_numbers)/sizeof(named_numbers[0]); for (size_t i = 0; i + 1 < names_len; ++i) { if (n < named_numbers[i + 1].number) return &named_numbers[i]; } return &named_numbers[names_len - 1]; } void append_number_name(GString* gstr, integer n, bool ordinal) { if (n < 20) g_string_append(gstr, get_small_name(&small[n], ordinal)); else if (n < 100) { if (n % 10 == 0) { g_string_append(gstr, get_small_name(&tens[n/10 - 2], ordinal)); } else { g_string_append(gstr, get_small_name(&tens[n/10 - 2], false)); g_string_append_c(gstr, '-'); g_string_append(gstr, get_small_name(&small[n % 10], ordinal)); } } else { const named_number* num = get_named_number(n); integer p = num->number; append_number_name(gstr, n/p, false); g_string_append_c(gstr, ' '); if (n % p == 0) { g_string_append(gstr, get_big_name(num, ordinal)); } else { g_string_append(gstr, get_big_name(num, false)); g_string_append_c(gstr, ' '); append_number_name(gstr, n % p, ordinal); } } } GString* number_name(integer n, bool ordinal) { GString* result = g_string_sized_new(8); append_number_name(result, n, ordinal); return result; } void test_ordinal(integer n) { GString* name = number_name(n, true); printf("%llu: %s\n", n, name->str); g_string_free(name, TRUE); } int main() { test_ordinal(1); test_ordinal(2); test_ordinal(3); test_ordinal(4); test_ordinal(5); test_ordinal(11); test_ordinal(15); test_ordinal(21); test_ordinal(42); test_ordinal(65); test_ordinal(98); test_ordinal(100); test_ordinal(101); test_ordinal(272); test_ordinal(300); test_ordinal(750); test_ordinal(23456); test_ordinal(7891233); test_ordinal(8007006005004003LL); return 0; }
Transform the following Go implementation into C, maintaining the same output and logic.
package main import ( "fmt" "strconv" "strings" ) func sdn(n int64) bool { if n >= 1e10 { return false } s := strconv.FormatInt(n, 10) for d, p := range s { if int(p)-'0' != strings.Count(s, strconv.Itoa(d)) { return false } } return true } func main() { for n := int64(0); n < 1e10; n++ { if sdn(n) { fmt.Println(n) } } }
#include <stdio.h> inline int self_desc(unsigned long long xx) { register unsigned int d, x; unsigned char cnt[10] = {0}, dig[10] = {0}; for (d = 0; xx > ~0U; xx /= 10) cnt[ dig[d++] = xx % 10 ]++; for (x = xx; x; x /= 10) cnt[ dig[d++] = x % 10 ]++; while(d-- && dig[x++] == cnt[d]); return d == -1; } int main() { int i; for (i = 1; i < 100000000; i++) if (self_desc(i)) printf("%d\n", i); return 0; }
Change the programming language of this snippet from Go to C without modifying what it does.
package main import ( "fmt" "strconv" "strings" ) func sdn(n int64) bool { if n >= 1e10 { return false } s := strconv.FormatInt(n, 10) for d, p := range s { if int(p)-'0' != strings.Count(s, strconv.Itoa(d)) { return false } } return true } func main() { for n := int64(0); n < 1e10; n++ { if sdn(n) { fmt.Println(n) } } }
#include <stdio.h> inline int self_desc(unsigned long long xx) { register unsigned int d, x; unsigned char cnt[10] = {0}, dig[10] = {0}; for (d = 0; xx > ~0U; xx /= 10) cnt[ dig[d++] = xx % 10 ]++; for (x = xx; x; x /= 10) cnt[ dig[d++] = x % 10 ]++; while(d-- && dig[x++] == cnt[d]); return d == -1; } int main() { int i; for (i = 1; i < 100000000; i++) if (self_desc(i)) printf("%d\n", i); return 0; }
Transform the following Go implementation into C, maintaining the same output and logic.
package main import "fmt" var example []int func reverse(s []int) { for i, j := 0, len(s)-1; i < j; i, j = i+1, j-1 { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] } } func checkSeq(pos, n, minLen int, seq []int) (int, int) { switch { case pos > minLen || seq[0] > n: return minLen, 0 case seq[0] == n: example = seq return pos, 1 case pos < minLen: return tryPerm(0, pos, n, minLen, seq) default: return minLen, 0 } } func tryPerm(i, pos, n, minLen int, seq []int) (int, int) { if i > pos { return minLen, 0 } seq2 := make([]int, len(seq)+1) copy(seq2[1:], seq) seq2[0] = seq[0] + seq[i] res11, res12 := checkSeq(pos+1, n, minLen, seq2) res21, res22 := tryPerm(i+1, pos, n, res11, seq) switch { case res21 < res11: return res21, res22 case res21 == res11: return res21, res12 + res22 default: fmt.Println("Error in tryPerm") return 0, 0 } } func initTryPerm(x, minLen int) (int, int) { return tryPerm(0, 0, x, minLen, []int{1}) } func findBrauer(num, minLen, nbLimit int) { actualMin, brauer := initTryPerm(num, minLen) fmt.Println("\nN =", num) fmt.Printf("Minimum length of chains : L(%d) = %d\n", num, actualMin) fmt.Println("Number of minimum length Brauer chains :", brauer) if brauer > 0 { reverse(example) fmt.Println("Brauer example :", example) } example = nil if num <= nbLimit { nonBrauer := findNonBrauer(num, actualMin+1, brauer) fmt.Println("Number of minimum length non-Brauer chains :", nonBrauer) if nonBrauer > 0 { fmt.Println("Non-Brauer example :", example) } example = nil } else { println("Non-Brauer analysis suppressed") } } func isAdditionChain(a []int) bool { for i := 2; i < len(a); i++ { if a[i] > a[i-1]*2 { return false } ok := false jloop: for j := i - 1; j >= 0; j-- { for k := j; k >= 0; k-- { if a[j]+a[k] == a[i] { ok = true break jloop } } } if !ok { return false } } if example == nil && !isBrauer(a) { example = make([]int, len(a)) copy(example, a) } return true } func isBrauer(a []int) bool { for i := 2; i < len(a); i++ { ok := false for j := i - 1; j >= 0; j-- { if a[i-1]+a[j] == a[i] { ok = true break } } if !ok { return false } } return true } func nextChains(index, le int, seq []int, pcount *int) { for { if index < le-1 { nextChains(index+1, le, seq, pcount) } if seq[index]+le-1-index >= seq[le-1] { return } seq[index]++ for i := index + 1; i < le-1; i++ { seq[i] = seq[i-1] + 1 } if isAdditionChain(seq) { (*pcount)++ } } } func findNonBrauer(num, le, brauer int) int { seq := make([]int, le) seq[0] = 1 seq[le-1] = num for i := 1; i < le-1; i++ { seq[i] = seq[i-1] + 1 } count := 0 if isAdditionChain(seq) { count = 1 } nextChains(2, le, seq, &count) return count - brauer } func main() { nums := []int{7, 14, 21, 29, 32, 42, 64, 47, 79, 191, 382, 379} fmt.Println("Searching for Brauer chains up to a minimum length of 12:") for _, num := range nums { findBrauer(num, 12, 79) } }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #define TRUE 1 #define FALSE 0 typedef int bool; typedef struct { int x, y; } pair; int* example = NULL; int exampleLen = 0; void reverse(int s[], int len) { int i, j, t; for (i = 0, j = len - 1; i < j; ++i, --j) { t = s[i]; s[i] = s[j]; s[j] = t; } } pair tryPerm(int i, int pos, int seq[], int n, int len, int minLen); pair checkSeq(int pos, int seq[], int n, int len, int minLen) { pair p; if (pos > minLen || seq[0] > n) { p.x = minLen; p.y = 0; return p; } else if (seq[0] == n) { example = malloc(len * sizeof(int)); memcpy(example, seq, len * sizeof(int)); exampleLen = len; p.x = pos; p.y = 1; return p; } else if (pos < minLen) { return tryPerm(0, pos, seq, n, len, minLen); } else { p.x = minLen; p.y = 0; return p; } } pair tryPerm(int i, int pos, int seq[], int n, int len, int minLen) { int *seq2; pair p, res1, res2; size_t size = sizeof(int); if (i > pos) { p.x = minLen; p.y = 0; return p; } seq2 = malloc((len + 1) * size); memcpy(seq2 + 1, seq, len * size); seq2[0] = seq[0] + seq[i]; res1 = checkSeq(pos + 1, seq2, n, len + 1, minLen); res2 = tryPerm(i + 1, pos, seq, n, len, res1.x); free(seq2); if (res2.x < res1.x) return res2; else if (res2.x == res1.x) { p.x = res2.x; p.y = res1.y + res2.y; return p; } else { printf("Error in tryPerm\n"); p.x = 0; p.y = 0; return p; } } pair initTryPerm(int x, int minLen) { int seq[1] = {1}; return tryPerm(0, 0, seq, x, 1, minLen); } void printArray(int a[], int len) { int i; printf("["); for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) printf("%d ", a[i]); printf("\b]\n"); } bool isBrauer(int a[], int len) { int i, j; bool ok; for (i = 2; i < len; ++i) { ok = FALSE; for (j = i - 1; j >= 0; j--) { if (a[i-1] + a[j] == a[i]) { ok = TRUE; break; } } if (!ok) return FALSE; } return TRUE; } bool isAdditionChain(int a[], int len) { int i, j, k; bool ok, exit; for (i = 2; i < len; ++i) { if (a[i] > a[i - 1] * 2) return FALSE; ok = FALSE; exit = FALSE; for (j = i - 1; j >= 0; --j) { for (k = j; k >= 0; --k) { if (a[j] + a[k] == a[i]) { ok = TRUE; exit = TRUE; break; } } if (exit) break; } if (!ok) return FALSE; } if (example == NULL && !isBrauer(a, len)) { example = malloc(len * sizeof(int)); memcpy(example, a, len * sizeof(int)); exampleLen = len; } return TRUE; } void nextChains(int index, int len, int seq[], int *pcount) { for (;;) { int i; if (index < len - 1) { nextChains(index + 1, len, seq, pcount); } if (seq[index] + len - 1 - index >= seq[len - 1]) return; seq[index]++; for (i = index + 1; i < len - 1; ++i) { seq[i] = seq[i-1] + 1; } if (isAdditionChain(seq, len)) (*pcount)++; } } int findNonBrauer(int num, int len, int brauer) { int i, count = 0; int *seq = malloc(len * sizeof(int)); seq[0] = 1; seq[len - 1] = num; for (i = 1; i < len - 1; ++i) { seq[i] = seq[i - 1] + 1; } if (isAdditionChain(seq, len)) count = 1; nextChains(2, len, seq, &count); free(seq); return count - brauer; } void findBrauer(int num, int minLen, int nbLimit) { pair p = initTryPerm(num, minLen); int actualMin = p.x, brauer = p.y, nonBrauer; printf("\nN = %d\n", num); printf("Minimum length of chains : L(%d) = %d\n", num, actualMin); printf("Number of minimum length Brauer chains : %d\n", brauer); if (brauer > 0) { printf("Brauer example : "); reverse(example, exampleLen); printArray(example, exampleLen); } if (example != NULL) { free(example); example = NULL; exampleLen = 0; } if (num <= nbLimit) { nonBrauer = findNonBrauer(num, actualMin + 1, brauer); printf("Number of minimum length non-Brauer chains : %d\n", nonBrauer); if (nonBrauer > 0) { printf("Non-Brauer example : "); printArray(example, exampleLen); } if (example != NULL) { free(example); example = NULL; exampleLen = 0; } } else { printf("Non-Brauer analysis suppressed\n"); } } int main() { int i; int nums[12] = {7, 14, 21, 29, 32, 42, 64, 47, 79, 191, 382, 379}; printf("Searching for Brauer chains up to a minimum length of 12:\n"); for (i = 0; i < 12; ++i) findBrauer(nums[i], 12, 79); return 0; }
Change the programming language of this snippet from Go to C without modifying what it does.
package main import "fmt" func main() { integers := []int{1_2_3, 0b1_0_1_0_1, 0xa_bc_d, 0o4_37, 0_43_7, 0x_beef} for _, integer := range integers { fmt.Printf("%d ", integer) } floats := []float64{1_2_3_4.2_5, 6.0_22e4, 0x_1.5p-2} for _, float := range floats { fmt.Printf("%g ", float) } fmt.Println() }
#include <locale.h> #include <stdio.h> int main() { unsigned long long int trillion = 1000000000000; setlocale(LC_NUMERIC,""); printf("Locale : %s, One Trillion : %'llu\n", setlocale(LC_CTYPE,NULL),trillion); return 0; }
Write the same code in C as shown below in Go.
package main import "fmt" func main() { integers := []int{1_2_3, 0b1_0_1_0_1, 0xa_bc_d, 0o4_37, 0_43_7, 0x_beef} for _, integer := range integers { fmt.Printf("%d ", integer) } floats := []float64{1_2_3_4.2_5, 6.0_22e4, 0x_1.5p-2} for _, float := range floats { fmt.Printf("%g ", float) } fmt.Println() }
#include <locale.h> #include <stdio.h> int main() { unsigned long long int trillion = 1000000000000; setlocale(LC_NUMERIC,""); printf("Locale : %s, One Trillion : %'llu\n", setlocale(LC_CTYPE,NULL),trillion); return 0; }
Write a version of this Go function in C with identical behavior.
package main import "fmt" func repeat(n int, f func()) { for i := 0; i < n; i++ { f() } } func fn() { fmt.Println("Example") } func main() { repeat(4, fn) }
#include <stdio.h> void repeat(void (*f)(void), unsigned int n) { while (n-->0) (*f)(); } void example() { printf("Example\n"); } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { repeat(example, 4); return 0; }
Convert the following code from Go to C, ensuring the logic remains intact.
package main import "fmt" func repeat(n int, f func()) { for i := 0; i < n; i++ { f() } } func fn() { fmt.Println("Example") } func main() { repeat(4, fn) }
#include <stdio.h> void repeat(void (*f)(void), unsigned int n) { while (n-->0) (*f)(); } void example() { printf("Example\n"); } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { repeat(example, 4); return 0; }
Ensure the translated C code behaves exactly like the original Go snippet.
package main import ( "bufio" "errors" "fmt" "math" "os" "regexp" "strconv" "strings" ) func main() { fmt.Println("Numbers please separated by space/commas:") sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin) sc.Scan() s, n, min, max, err := spark(sc.Text()) if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return } if n == 1 { fmt.Println("1 value =", min) } else { fmt.Println(n, "values. Min:", min, "Max:", max) } fmt.Println(s) } var sep = regexp.MustCompile(`[\s,]+`) func spark(s0 string) (sp string, n int, min, max float64, err error) { ss := sep.Split(s0, -1) n = len(ss) vs := make([]float64, n) var v float64 min = math.Inf(1) max = math.Inf(-1) for i, s := range ss { switch v, err = strconv.ParseFloat(s, 64); { case err != nil: case math.IsNaN(v): err = errors.New("NaN not supported.") case math.IsInf(v, 0): err = errors.New("Inf not supported.") default: if v < min { min = v } if v > max { max = v } vs[i] = v continue } return } if min == max { sp = strings.Repeat("▄", n) } else { rs := make([]rune, n) f := 8 / (max - min) for j, v := range vs { i := rune(f * (v - min)) if i > 7 { i = 7 } rs[j] = '▁' + i } sp = string(rs) } return }
#include<string.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<locale.h> #include<stdio.h> #include<wchar.h> #include<math.h> int main(int argC,char* argV[]) { double* arr,min,max; char* str; int i,len; if(argC == 1) printf("Usage : %s <data points separated by spaces or commas>",argV[0]); else{ arr = (double*)malloc((argC-1)*sizeof(double)); for(i=1;i<argC;i++){ len = strlen(argV[i]); if(argV[i][len-1]==','){ str = (char*)malloc(len*sizeof(char)); strncpy(str,argV[i],len-1); arr[i-1] = atof(str); free(str); } else arr[i-1] = atof(argV[i]); if(i==1){ min = arr[i-1]; max = arr[i-1]; } else{ min=(min<arr[i-1]?min:arr[i-1]); max=(max>arr[i-1]?max:arr[i-1]); } } printf("\n%Max : %lf,Min : %lf,Range : %lf\n",max,min,max-min); setlocale(LC_ALL, ""); for(i=1;i<argC;i++){ printf("%lc", (wint_t)(9601 + (int)ceil((arr[i-1]-min)/(max-min)*7))); } } return 0; }
Convert this Go snippet to C and keep its semantics consistent.
package main import ( "bufio" "errors" "fmt" "math" "os" "regexp" "strconv" "strings" ) func main() { fmt.Println("Numbers please separated by space/commas:") sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin) sc.Scan() s, n, min, max, err := spark(sc.Text()) if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return } if n == 1 { fmt.Println("1 value =", min) } else { fmt.Println(n, "values. Min:", min, "Max:", max) } fmt.Println(s) } var sep = regexp.MustCompile(`[\s,]+`) func spark(s0 string) (sp string, n int, min, max float64, err error) { ss := sep.Split(s0, -1) n = len(ss) vs := make([]float64, n) var v float64 min = math.Inf(1) max = math.Inf(-1) for i, s := range ss { switch v, err = strconv.ParseFloat(s, 64); { case err != nil: case math.IsNaN(v): err = errors.New("NaN not supported.") case math.IsInf(v, 0): err = errors.New("Inf not supported.") default: if v < min { min = v } if v > max { max = v } vs[i] = v continue } return } if min == max { sp = strings.Repeat("▄", n) } else { rs := make([]rune, n) f := 8 / (max - min) for j, v := range vs { i := rune(f * (v - min)) if i > 7 { i = 7 } rs[j] = '▁' + i } sp = string(rs) } return }
#include<string.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<locale.h> #include<stdio.h> #include<wchar.h> #include<math.h> int main(int argC,char* argV[]) { double* arr,min,max; char* str; int i,len; if(argC == 1) printf("Usage : %s <data points separated by spaces or commas>",argV[0]); else{ arr = (double*)malloc((argC-1)*sizeof(double)); for(i=1;i<argC;i++){ len = strlen(argV[i]); if(argV[i][len-1]==','){ str = (char*)malloc(len*sizeof(char)); strncpy(str,argV[i],len-1); arr[i-1] = atof(str); free(str); } else arr[i-1] = atof(argV[i]); if(i==1){ min = arr[i-1]; max = arr[i-1]; } else{ min=(min<arr[i-1]?min:arr[i-1]); max=(max>arr[i-1]?max:arr[i-1]); } } printf("\n%Max : %lf,Min : %lf,Range : %lf\n",max,min,max-min); setlocale(LC_ALL, ""); for(i=1;i<argC;i++){ printf("%lc", (wint_t)(9601 + (int)ceil((arr[i-1]-min)/(max-min)*7))); } } return 0; }
Convert this Go block to C, preserving its control flow and logic.
package main import ( "bufio" "fmt" "log" "os" "strconv" "strings" ) type NodeType int const ( ndIdent NodeType = iota ndString ndInteger ndSequence ndIf ndPrtc ndPrts ndPrti ndWhile ndAssign ndNegate ndNot ndMul ndDiv ndMod ndAdd ndSub ndLss ndLeq ndGtr ndGeq ndEql ndNeq ndAnd ndOr ) type Tree struct { nodeType NodeType left *Tree right *Tree value int } type atr struct { enumText string nodeType NodeType } var atrs = []atr{ {"Identifier", ndIdent}, {"String", ndString}, {"Integer", ndInteger}, {"Sequence", ndSequence}, {"If", ndIf}, {"Prtc", ndPrtc}, {"Prts", ndPrts}, {"Prti", ndPrti}, {"While", ndWhile}, {"Assign", ndAssign}, {"Negate", ndNegate}, {"Not", ndNot}, {"Multiply", ndMul}, {"Divide", ndDiv}, {"Mod", ndMod}, {"Add", ndAdd}, {"Subtract", ndSub}, {"Less", ndLss}, {"LessEqual", ndLeq}, {"Greater", ndGtr}, {"GreaterEqual", ndGeq}, {"Equal", ndEql}, {"NotEqual", ndNeq}, {"And", ndAnd}, {"Or", ndOr}, } var ( stringPool []string globalNames []string globalValues = make(map[int]int) ) var ( err error scanner *bufio.Scanner ) func reportError(msg string) { log.Fatalf("error : %s\n", msg) } func check(err error) { if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } } func btoi(b bool) int { if b { return 1 } return 0 } func itob(i int) bool { if i == 0 { return false } return true } func makeNode(nodeType NodeType, left *Tree, right *Tree) *Tree { return &Tree{nodeType, left, right, 0} } func makeLeaf(nodeType NodeType, value int) *Tree { return &Tree{nodeType, nil, nil, value} } func interp(x *Tree) int { if x == nil { return 0 } switch x.nodeType { case ndInteger: return x.value case ndIdent: return globalValues[x.value] case ndString: return x.value case ndAssign: n := interp(x.right) globalValues[x.left.value] = n return n case ndAdd: return interp(x.left) + interp(x.right) case ndSub: return interp(x.left) - interp(x.right) case ndMul: return interp(x.left) * interp(x.right) case ndDiv: return interp(x.left) / interp(x.right) case ndMod: return interp(x.left) % interp(x.right) case ndLss: return btoi(interp(x.left) < interp(x.right)) case ndGtr: return btoi(interp(x.left) > interp(x.right)) case ndLeq: return btoi(interp(x.left) <= interp(x.right)) case ndEql: return btoi(interp(x.left) == interp(x.right)) case ndNeq: return btoi(interp(x.left) != interp(x.right)) case ndAnd: return btoi(itob(interp(x.left)) && itob(interp(x.right))) case ndOr: return btoi(itob(interp(x.left)) || itob(interp(x.right))) case ndNegate: return -interp(x.left) case ndNot: if interp(x.left) == 0 { return 1 } return 0 case ndIf: if interp(x.left) != 0 { interp(x.right.left) } else { interp(x.right.right) } return 0 case ndWhile: for interp(x.left) != 0 { interp(x.right) } return 0 case ndPrtc: fmt.Printf("%c", interp(x.left)) return 0 case ndPrti: fmt.Printf("%d", interp(x.left)) return 0 case ndPrts: fmt.Print(stringPool[interp(x.left)]) return 0 case ndSequence: interp(x.left) interp(x.right) return 0 default: reportError(fmt.Sprintf("interp: unknown tree type %d\n", x.nodeType)) } return 0 } func getEnumValue(name string) NodeType { for _, atr := range atrs { if atr.enumText == name { return atr.nodeType } } reportError(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown token %s\n", name)) return -1 } func fetchStringOffset(s string) int { var d strings.Builder s = s[1 : len(s)-1] for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ { if s[i] == '\\' && (i+1) < len(s) { if s[i+1] == 'n' { d.WriteByte('\n') i++ } else if s[i+1] == '\\' { d.WriteByte('\\') i++ } } else { d.WriteByte(s[i]) } } s = d.String() for i := 0; i < len(stringPool); i++ { if s == stringPool[i] { return i } } stringPool = append(stringPool, s) return len(stringPool) - 1 } func fetchVarOffset(name string) int { for i := 0; i < len(globalNames); i++ { if globalNames[i] == name { return i } } globalNames = append(globalNames, name) return len(globalNames) - 1 } func loadAst() *Tree { var nodeType NodeType var s string if scanner.Scan() { line := strings.TrimRight(scanner.Text(), " \t") tokens := strings.Fields(line) first := tokens[0] if first[0] == ';' { return nil } nodeType = getEnumValue(first) le := len(tokens) if le == 2 { s = tokens[1] } else if le > 2 { idx := strings.Index(line, `"`) s = line[idx:] } } check(scanner.Err()) if s != "" { var n int switch nodeType { case ndIdent: n = fetchVarOffset(s) case ndInteger: n, err = strconv.Atoi(s) check(err) case ndString: n = fetchStringOffset(s) default: reportError(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown node type: %s\n", s)) } return makeLeaf(nodeType, n) } left := loadAst() right := loadAst() return makeNode(nodeType, left, right) } func main() { ast, err := os.Open("ast.txt") check(err) defer ast.Close() scanner = bufio.NewScanner(ast) x := loadAst() interp(x) }
count = 1; n = 1; limit = 100; while (n < limit) { k=3; p=1; n=n+2; while ((k*k<=n) && (p)) { p=n/k*k!=n; k=k+2; } if (p) { print(n, " is prime\n"); count = count + 1; } } print("Total primes found: ", count, "\n");
Convert this Go block to C, preserving its control flow and logic.
package main import ( "bufio" "fmt" "log" "os" "strconv" "strings" ) type NodeType int const ( ndIdent NodeType = iota ndString ndInteger ndSequence ndIf ndPrtc ndPrts ndPrti ndWhile ndAssign ndNegate ndNot ndMul ndDiv ndMod ndAdd ndSub ndLss ndLeq ndGtr ndGeq ndEql ndNeq ndAnd ndOr ) type Tree struct { nodeType NodeType left *Tree right *Tree value int } type atr struct { enumText string nodeType NodeType } var atrs = []atr{ {"Identifier", ndIdent}, {"String", ndString}, {"Integer", ndInteger}, {"Sequence", ndSequence}, {"If", ndIf}, {"Prtc", ndPrtc}, {"Prts", ndPrts}, {"Prti", ndPrti}, {"While", ndWhile}, {"Assign", ndAssign}, {"Negate", ndNegate}, {"Not", ndNot}, {"Multiply", ndMul}, {"Divide", ndDiv}, {"Mod", ndMod}, {"Add", ndAdd}, {"Subtract", ndSub}, {"Less", ndLss}, {"LessEqual", ndLeq}, {"Greater", ndGtr}, {"GreaterEqual", ndGeq}, {"Equal", ndEql}, {"NotEqual", ndNeq}, {"And", ndAnd}, {"Or", ndOr}, } var ( stringPool []string globalNames []string globalValues = make(map[int]int) ) var ( err error scanner *bufio.Scanner ) func reportError(msg string) { log.Fatalf("error : %s\n", msg) } func check(err error) { if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } } func btoi(b bool) int { if b { return 1 } return 0 } func itob(i int) bool { if i == 0 { return false } return true } func makeNode(nodeType NodeType, left *Tree, right *Tree) *Tree { return &Tree{nodeType, left, right, 0} } func makeLeaf(nodeType NodeType, value int) *Tree { return &Tree{nodeType, nil, nil, value} } func interp(x *Tree) int { if x == nil { return 0 } switch x.nodeType { case ndInteger: return x.value case ndIdent: return globalValues[x.value] case ndString: return x.value case ndAssign: n := interp(x.right) globalValues[x.left.value] = n return n case ndAdd: return interp(x.left) + interp(x.right) case ndSub: return interp(x.left) - interp(x.right) case ndMul: return interp(x.left) * interp(x.right) case ndDiv: return interp(x.left) / interp(x.right) case ndMod: return interp(x.left) % interp(x.right) case ndLss: return btoi(interp(x.left) < interp(x.right)) case ndGtr: return btoi(interp(x.left) > interp(x.right)) case ndLeq: return btoi(interp(x.left) <= interp(x.right)) case ndEql: return btoi(interp(x.left) == interp(x.right)) case ndNeq: return btoi(interp(x.left) != interp(x.right)) case ndAnd: return btoi(itob(interp(x.left)) && itob(interp(x.right))) case ndOr: return btoi(itob(interp(x.left)) || itob(interp(x.right))) case ndNegate: return -interp(x.left) case ndNot: if interp(x.left) == 0 { return 1 } return 0 case ndIf: if interp(x.left) != 0 { interp(x.right.left) } else { interp(x.right.right) } return 0 case ndWhile: for interp(x.left) != 0 { interp(x.right) } return 0 case ndPrtc: fmt.Printf("%c", interp(x.left)) return 0 case ndPrti: fmt.Printf("%d", interp(x.left)) return 0 case ndPrts: fmt.Print(stringPool[interp(x.left)]) return 0 case ndSequence: interp(x.left) interp(x.right) return 0 default: reportError(fmt.Sprintf("interp: unknown tree type %d\n", x.nodeType)) } return 0 } func getEnumValue(name string) NodeType { for _, atr := range atrs { if atr.enumText == name { return atr.nodeType } } reportError(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown token %s\n", name)) return -1 } func fetchStringOffset(s string) int { var d strings.Builder s = s[1 : len(s)-1] for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ { if s[i] == '\\' && (i+1) < len(s) { if s[i+1] == 'n' { d.WriteByte('\n') i++ } else if s[i+1] == '\\' { d.WriteByte('\\') i++ } } else { d.WriteByte(s[i]) } } s = d.String() for i := 0; i < len(stringPool); i++ { if s == stringPool[i] { return i } } stringPool = append(stringPool, s) return len(stringPool) - 1 } func fetchVarOffset(name string) int { for i := 0; i < len(globalNames); i++ { if globalNames[i] == name { return i } } globalNames = append(globalNames, name) return len(globalNames) - 1 } func loadAst() *Tree { var nodeType NodeType var s string if scanner.Scan() { line := strings.TrimRight(scanner.Text(), " \t") tokens := strings.Fields(line) first := tokens[0] if first[0] == ';' { return nil } nodeType = getEnumValue(first) le := len(tokens) if le == 2 { s = tokens[1] } else if le > 2 { idx := strings.Index(line, `"`) s = line[idx:] } } check(scanner.Err()) if s != "" { var n int switch nodeType { case ndIdent: n = fetchVarOffset(s) case ndInteger: n, err = strconv.Atoi(s) check(err) case ndString: n = fetchStringOffset(s) default: reportError(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown node type: %s\n", s)) } return makeLeaf(nodeType, n) } left := loadAst() right := loadAst() return makeNode(nodeType, left, right) } func main() { ast, err := os.Open("ast.txt") check(err) defer ast.Close() scanner = bufio.NewScanner(ast) x := loadAst() interp(x) }
count = 1; n = 1; limit = 100; while (n < limit) { k=3; p=1; n=n+2; while ((k*k<=n) && (p)) { p=n/k*k!=n; k=k+2; } if (p) { print(n, " is prime\n"); count = count + 1; } } print("Total primes found: ", count, "\n");
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Go to C.
package main import ( "bufio" "fmt" "log" "os" "strconv" "strings" ) type NodeType int const ( ndIdent NodeType = iota ndString ndInteger ndSequence ndIf ndPrtc ndPrts ndPrti ndWhile ndAssign ndNegate ndNot ndMul ndDiv ndMod ndAdd ndSub ndLss ndLeq ndGtr ndGeq ndEql ndNeq ndAnd ndOr ) type Tree struct { nodeType NodeType left *Tree right *Tree value int } type atr struct { enumText string nodeType NodeType } var atrs = []atr{ {"Identifier", ndIdent}, {"String", ndString}, {"Integer", ndInteger}, {"Sequence", ndSequence}, {"If", ndIf}, {"Prtc", ndPrtc}, {"Prts", ndPrts}, {"Prti", ndPrti}, {"While", ndWhile}, {"Assign", ndAssign}, {"Negate", ndNegate}, {"Not", ndNot}, {"Multiply", ndMul}, {"Divide", ndDiv}, {"Mod", ndMod}, {"Add", ndAdd}, {"Subtract", ndSub}, {"Less", ndLss}, {"LessEqual", ndLeq}, {"Greater", ndGtr}, {"GreaterEqual", ndGeq}, {"Equal", ndEql}, {"NotEqual", ndNeq}, {"And", ndAnd}, {"Or", ndOr}, } var ( stringPool []string globalNames []string globalValues = make(map[int]int) ) var ( err error scanner *bufio.Scanner ) func reportError(msg string) { log.Fatalf("error : %s\n", msg) } func check(err error) { if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } } func btoi(b bool) int { if b { return 1 } return 0 } func itob(i int) bool { if i == 0 { return false } return true } func makeNode(nodeType NodeType, left *Tree, right *Tree) *Tree { return &Tree{nodeType, left, right, 0} } func makeLeaf(nodeType NodeType, value int) *Tree { return &Tree{nodeType, nil, nil, value} } func interp(x *Tree) int { if x == nil { return 0 } switch x.nodeType { case ndInteger: return x.value case ndIdent: return globalValues[x.value] case ndString: return x.value case ndAssign: n := interp(x.right) globalValues[x.left.value] = n return n case ndAdd: return interp(x.left) + interp(x.right) case ndSub: return interp(x.left) - interp(x.right) case ndMul: return interp(x.left) * interp(x.right) case ndDiv: return interp(x.left) / interp(x.right) case ndMod: return interp(x.left) % interp(x.right) case ndLss: return btoi(interp(x.left) < interp(x.right)) case ndGtr: return btoi(interp(x.left) > interp(x.right)) case ndLeq: return btoi(interp(x.left) <= interp(x.right)) case ndEql: return btoi(interp(x.left) == interp(x.right)) case ndNeq: return btoi(interp(x.left) != interp(x.right)) case ndAnd: return btoi(itob(interp(x.left)) && itob(interp(x.right))) case ndOr: return btoi(itob(interp(x.left)) || itob(interp(x.right))) case ndNegate: return -interp(x.left) case ndNot: if interp(x.left) == 0 { return 1 } return 0 case ndIf: if interp(x.left) != 0 { interp(x.right.left) } else { interp(x.right.right) } return 0 case ndWhile: for interp(x.left) != 0 { interp(x.right) } return 0 case ndPrtc: fmt.Printf("%c", interp(x.left)) return 0 case ndPrti: fmt.Printf("%d", interp(x.left)) return 0 case ndPrts: fmt.Print(stringPool[interp(x.left)]) return 0 case ndSequence: interp(x.left) interp(x.right) return 0 default: reportError(fmt.Sprintf("interp: unknown tree type %d\n", x.nodeType)) } return 0 } func getEnumValue(name string) NodeType { for _, atr := range atrs { if atr.enumText == name { return atr.nodeType } } reportError(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown token %s\n", name)) return -1 } func fetchStringOffset(s string) int { var d strings.Builder s = s[1 : len(s)-1] for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ { if s[i] == '\\' && (i+1) < len(s) { if s[i+1] == 'n' { d.WriteByte('\n') i++ } else if s[i+1] == '\\' { d.WriteByte('\\') i++ } } else { d.WriteByte(s[i]) } } s = d.String() for i := 0; i < len(stringPool); i++ { if s == stringPool[i] { return i } } stringPool = append(stringPool, s) return len(stringPool) - 1 } func fetchVarOffset(name string) int { for i := 0; i < len(globalNames); i++ { if globalNames[i] == name { return i } } globalNames = append(globalNames, name) return len(globalNames) - 1 } func loadAst() *Tree { var nodeType NodeType var s string if scanner.Scan() { line := strings.TrimRight(scanner.Text(), " \t") tokens := strings.Fields(line) first := tokens[0] if first[0] == ';' { return nil } nodeType = getEnumValue(first) le := len(tokens) if le == 2 { s = tokens[1] } else if le > 2 { idx := strings.Index(line, `"`) s = line[idx:] } } check(scanner.Err()) if s != "" { var n int switch nodeType { case ndIdent: n = fetchVarOffset(s) case ndInteger: n, err = strconv.Atoi(s) check(err) case ndString: n = fetchStringOffset(s) default: reportError(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown node type: %s\n", s)) } return makeLeaf(nodeType, n) } left := loadAst() right := loadAst() return makeNode(nodeType, left, right) } func main() { ast, err := os.Open("ast.txt") check(err) defer ast.Close() scanner = bufio.NewScanner(ast) x := loadAst() interp(x) }
count = 1; n = 1; limit = 100; while (n < limit) { k=3; p=1; n=n+2; while ((k*k<=n) && (p)) { p=n/k*k!=n; k=k+2; } if (p) { print(n, " is prime\n"); count = count + 1; } } print("Total primes found: ", count, "\n");
Transform the following Go implementation into C, maintaining the same output and logic.
package main import ( "fmt" "math/big" ) func main() { a := big.NewInt(42) m := big.NewInt(2017) k := new(big.Int).ModInverse(a, m) fmt.Println(k) }
#include <stdio.h> int mul_inv(int a, int b) { int b0 = b, t, q; int x0 = 0, x1 = 1; if (b == 1) return 1; while (a > 1) { q = a / b; t = b, b = a % b, a = t; t = x0, x0 = x1 - q * x0, x1 = t; } if (x1 < 0) x1 += b0; return x1; } int main(void) { printf("%d\n", mul_inv(42, 2017)); return 0; }
Produce a language-to-language conversion: from Go to C, same semantics.
package main import ( "fmt" "math/big" ) func main() { a := big.NewInt(42) m := big.NewInt(2017) k := new(big.Int).ModInverse(a, m) fmt.Println(k) }
#include <stdio.h> int mul_inv(int a, int b) { int b0 = b, t, q; int x0 = 0, x1 = 1; if (b == 1) return 1; while (a > 1) { q = a / b; t = b, b = a % b, a = t; t = x0, x0 = x1 - q * x0, x1 = t; } if (x1 < 0) x1 += b0; return x1; } int main(void) { printf("%d\n", mul_inv(42, 2017)); return 0; }
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Go to C.
package main import "github.com/go-vgo/robotgo" func main() { robotgo.MouseClick("left", false) robotgo.MouseClick("right", true) }
#define WINVER 0x500 #include<windows.h> int main() { int maxX = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN), maxY = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN); int x = maxX/2, y = maxY/2; double factorX = 65536.0 / maxX,factorY = 65536.0 / maxY; INPUT ip; ZeroMemory(&ip,sizeof(ip)); ip.type = INPUT_MOUSE; while(x > 5 || y < maxY-5){ ip.mi.mouseData = 0; ip.mi.dx = x * factorX; ip.mi.dy = y * factorY; ip.mi.dwFlags = MOUSEEVENTF_ABSOLUTE | MOUSEEVENTF_MOVE; SendInput(1,&ip,sizeof(ip)); Sleep(1); if(x>3) x-=1; if(y<maxY-3) y+=1; } ip.mi.dwFlags = MOUSEEVENTF_ABSOLUTE | MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN | MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP; SendInput(1,&ip,sizeof(ip)); return 0; }
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Go to C.
package main import "github.com/go-vgo/robotgo" func main() { robotgo.MouseClick("left", false) robotgo.MouseClick("right", true) }
#define WINVER 0x500 #include<windows.h> int main() { int maxX = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN), maxY = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN); int x = maxX/2, y = maxY/2; double factorX = 65536.0 / maxX,factorY = 65536.0 / maxY; INPUT ip; ZeroMemory(&ip,sizeof(ip)); ip.type = INPUT_MOUSE; while(x > 5 || y < maxY-5){ ip.mi.mouseData = 0; ip.mi.dx = x * factorX; ip.mi.dy = y * factorY; ip.mi.dwFlags = MOUSEEVENTF_ABSOLUTE | MOUSEEVENTF_MOVE; SendInput(1,&ip,sizeof(ip)); Sleep(1); if(x>3) x-=1; if(y<maxY-3) y+=1; } ip.mi.dwFlags = MOUSEEVENTF_ABSOLUTE | MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN | MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP; SendInput(1,&ip,sizeof(ip)); return 0; }
Write a version of this Go function in C with identical behavior.
package main import ( "fmt" "log" "net/http" ) func main() { http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) { fmt.Fprintln(w, "Goodbye, World!") }) log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)) }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <err.h> char response[] = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n" "Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\n\r\n" "<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Bye-bye baby bye-bye</title>" "<style>body { background-color: #111 }" "h1 { font-size:4cm; text-align: center; color: black;" " text-shadow: 0 0 2mm red}</style></head>" "<body><h1>Goodbye, world!</h1></body></html>\r\n"; int main() { int one = 1, client_fd; struct sockaddr_in svr_addr, cli_addr; socklen_t sin_len = sizeof(cli_addr); int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (sock < 0) err(1, "can't open socket"); setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &one, sizeof(int)); int port = 8080; svr_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; svr_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; svr_addr.sin_port = htons(port); if (bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &svr_addr, sizeof(svr_addr)) == -1) { close(sock); err(1, "Can't bind"); } listen(sock, 5); while (1) { client_fd = accept(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &cli_addr, &sin_len); printf("got connection\n"); if (client_fd == -1) { perror("Can't accept"); continue; } write(client_fd, response, sizeof(response) - 1); close(client_fd); } }
Convert this Go snippet to C and keep its semantics consistent.
package main import ( "fmt" "log" "net/http" ) func main() { http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) { fmt.Fprintln(w, "Goodbye, World!") }) log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)) }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <err.h> char response[] = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n" "Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\n\r\n" "<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Bye-bye baby bye-bye</title>" "<style>body { background-color: #111 }" "h1 { font-size:4cm; text-align: center; color: black;" " text-shadow: 0 0 2mm red}</style></head>" "<body><h1>Goodbye, world!</h1></body></html>\r\n"; int main() { int one = 1, client_fd; struct sockaddr_in svr_addr, cli_addr; socklen_t sin_len = sizeof(cli_addr); int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (sock < 0) err(1, "can't open socket"); setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &one, sizeof(int)); int port = 8080; svr_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; svr_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; svr_addr.sin_port = htons(port); if (bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &svr_addr, sizeof(svr_addr)) == -1) { close(sock); err(1, "Can't bind"); } listen(sock, 5); while (1) { client_fd = accept(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &cli_addr, &sin_len); printf("got connection\n"); if (client_fd == -1) { perror("Can't accept"); continue; } write(client_fd, response, sizeof(response) - 1); close(client_fd); } }
Convert this Go snippet to C and keep its semantics consistent.
package main import ( "github.com/fogleman/gg" "math" ) func main() { dc := gg.NewContext(400, 400) dc.SetRGB(1, 1, 1) dc.Clear() dc.SetRGB(0, 0, 1) c := (math.Sqrt(5) + 1) / 2 numberOfSeeds := 3000 for i := 0; i <= numberOfSeeds; i++ { fi := float64(i) fn := float64(numberOfSeeds) r := math.Pow(fi, c) / fn angle := 2 * math.Pi * c * fi x := r*math.Sin(angle) + 200 y := r*math.Cos(angle) + 200 fi /= fn / 5 dc.DrawCircle(x, y, fi) } dc.SetLineWidth(1) dc.Stroke() dc.SavePNG("sunflower_fractal.png") }
#include<graphics.h> #include<math.h> #define pi M_PI void sunflower(int winWidth, int winHeight, double diskRatio, int iter){ double factor = .5 + sqrt(1.25),r,theta; double x = winWidth/2.0, y = winHeight/2.0; double maxRad = pow(iter,factor)/iter; int i; setbkcolor(LIGHTBLUE); for(i=0;i<=iter;i++){ r = pow(i,factor)/iter; r/maxRad < diskRatio?setcolor(BLACK):setcolor(YELLOW); theta = 2*pi*factor*i; circle(x + r*sin(theta), y + r*cos(theta), 10 * i/(1.0*iter)); } } int main() { initwindow(1000,1000,"Sunflower..."); sunflower(1000,1000,0.5,3000); getch(); closegraph(); return 0; }
Translate this program into C but keep the logic exactly as in Go.
#include <stdio.h> #include <limits.h> #define TRUE 1 #define FALSE 0 #define N_ROWS 5 #define N_COLS 5 typedef int bool; int supply[N_ROWS] = { 461, 277, 356, 488, 393 }; int demand[N_COLS] = { 278, 60, 461, 116, 1060 }; int costs[N_ROWS][N_COLS] = { { 46, 74, 9, 28, 99 }, { 12, 75, 6, 36, 48 }, { 35, 199, 4, 5, 71 }, { 61, 81, 44, 88, 9 }, { 85, 60, 14, 25, 79 } }; int main() { printf(" A B C D E\n"); for (i = 0; i < N_ROWS; ++i) { printf("%c", 'V' + i); for (j = 0; j < N_COLS; ++j) printf(" %3d", results[i][j]); printf("\n"); } printf("\nTotal cost = %d\n", total_cost); return 0; }
#include <stdio.h> #include <limits.h> #define TRUE 1 #define FALSE 0 #define N_ROWS 4 #define N_COLS 5 typedef int bool; int supply[N_ROWS] = { 50, 60, 50, 50 }; int demand[N_COLS] = { 30, 20, 70, 30, 60 }; int costs[N_ROWS][N_COLS] = { { 16, 16, 13, 22, 17 }, { 14, 14, 13, 19, 15 }, { 19, 19, 20, 23, 50 }, { 50, 12, 50, 15, 11 } }; bool row_done[N_ROWS] = { FALSE }; bool col_done[N_COLS] = { FALSE }; void diff(int j, int len, bool is_row, int res[3]) { int i, c, min1 = INT_MAX, min2 = min1, min_p = -1; for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) { if((is_row) ? col_done[i] : row_done[i]) continue; c = (is_row) ? costs[j][i] : costs[i][j]; if (c < min1) { min2 = min1; min1 = c; min_p = i; } else if (c < min2) min2 = c; } res[0] = min2 - min1; res[1] = min1; res[2] = min_p; } void max_penalty(int len1, int len2, bool is_row, int res[4]) { int i, pc = -1, pm = -1, mc = -1, md = INT_MIN; int res2[3]; for (i = 0; i < len1; ++i) { if((is_row) ? row_done[i] : col_done[i]) continue; diff(i, len2, is_row, res2); if (res2[0] > md) { md = res2[0]; pm = i; mc = res2[1]; pc = res2[2]; } } if (is_row) { res[0] = pm; res[1] = pc; } else { res[0] = pc; res[1] = pm; } res[2] = mc; res[3] = md; } void next_cell(int res[4]) { int i, res1[4], res2[4]; max_penalty(N_ROWS, N_COLS, TRUE, res1); max_penalty(N_COLS, N_ROWS, FALSE, res2); if (res1[3] == res2[3]) { if (res1[2] < res2[2]) for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) res[i] = res1[i]; else for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) res[i] = res2[i]; return; } if (res1[3] > res2[3]) for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) res[i] = res2[i]; else for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) res[i] = res1[i]; } int main() { int i, j, r, c, q, supply_left = 0, total_cost = 0, cell[4]; int results[N_ROWS][N_COLS] = { 0 }; for (i = 0; i < N_ROWS; ++i) supply_left += supply[i]; while (supply_left > 0) { next_cell(cell); r = cell[0]; c = cell[1]; q = (demand[c] <= supply[r]) ? demand[c] : supply[r]; demand[c] -= q; if (!demand[c]) col_done[c] = TRUE; supply[r] -= q; if (!supply[r]) row_done[r] = TRUE; results[r][c] = q; supply_left -= q; total_cost += q * costs[r][c]; } printf(" A B C D E\n"); for (i = 0; i < N_ROWS; ++i) { printf("%c", 'W' + i); for (j = 0; j < N_COLS; ++j) printf(" %2d", results[i][j]); printf("\n"); } printf("\nTotal cost = %d\n", total_cost); return 0; }
Rewrite the snippet below in C so it works the same as the original Go code.
package main import ( "fmt" "math" ) const ( RE = 6371000 DD = 0.001 FIN = 1e7 ) func rho(a float64) float64 { return math.Exp(-a / 8500) } func radians(degrees float64) float64 { return degrees * math.Pi / 180 } func height(a, z, d float64) float64 { aa := RE + a hh := math.Sqrt(aa*aa + d*d - 2*d*aa*math.Cos(radians(180-z))) return hh - RE } func columnDensity(a, z float64) float64 { sum := 0.0 d := 0.0 for d < FIN { delta := math.Max(DD, DD*d) sum += rho(height(a, z, d+0.5*delta)) * delta d += delta } return sum } func airmass(a, z float64) float64 { return columnDensity(a, z) / columnDensity(a, 0) } func main() { fmt.Println("Angle 0 m 13700 m") fmt.Println("------------------------------------") for z := 0; z <= 90; z += 5 { fz := float64(z) fmt.Printf("%2d %11.8f %11.8f\n", z, airmass(0, fz), airmass(13700, fz)) } }
#include <math.h> #include <stdio.h> #define DEG 0.017453292519943295769236907684886127134 #define RE 6371000.0 #define DD 0.001 #define FIN 10000000.0 static double rho(double a) { return exp(-a / 8500.0); } static double height(double a, double z, double d) { double aa = RE + a; double hh = sqrt(aa * aa + d * d - 2.0 * d * aa * cos((180 - z) * DEG)); return hh - RE; } static double column_density(double a, double z) { double sum = 0.0, d = 0.0; while (d < FIN) { double delta = DD * d; if (delta < DD) delta = DD; sum += rho(height(a, z, d + 0.5 * delta)) * delta; d += delta; } return sum; } static double airmass(double a, double z) { return column_density(a, z) / column_density(a, 0.0); } int main() { puts("Angle 0 m 13700 m"); puts("------------------------------------"); for (double z = 0; z <= 90; z+= 5) { printf("%2.0f %11.8f %11.8f\n", z, airmass(0.0, z), airmass(13700.0, z)); } }
Ensure the translated C code behaves exactly like the original Go snippet.
package main import ( "fmt" "math" ) type fps interface { extract(int) float64 } func one() fps { return &oneFps{} } func add(s1, s2 fps) fps { return &sum{s1: s1, s2: s2} } func sub(s1, s2 fps) fps { return &diff{s1: s1, s2: s2} } func mul(s1, s2 fps) fps { return &prod{s1: s1, s2: s2} } func div(s1, s2 fps) fps { return &quo{s1: s1, s2: s2} } func differentiate(s1 fps) fps { return &deriv{s1: s1} } func integrate(s1 fps) fps { return &integ{s1: s1} } func sinCos() (fps, fps) { sin := &integ{} cos := sub(one(), integrate(sin)) sin.s1 = cos return sin, cos } type oneFps struct{} func (*oneFps) extract(n int) float64 { if n == 0 { return 1 } return 0 } type sum struct { s []float64 s1, s2 fps } func (s *sum) extract(n int) float64 { for i := len(s.s); i <= n; i++ { s.s = append(s.s, s.s1.extract(i)+s.s2.extract(i)) } return s.s[n] } type diff struct { s []float64 s1, s2 fps } func (s *diff) extract(n int) float64 { for i := len(s.s); i <= n; i++ { s.s = append(s.s, s.s1.extract(i)-s.s2.extract(i)) } return s.s[n] } type prod struct { s []float64 s1, s2 fps } func (s *prod) extract(n int) float64 { for i := len(s.s); i <= n; i++ { c := 0. for k := 0; k <= i; k++ { c += s.s1.extract(k) * s.s1.extract(n-k) } s.s = append(s.s, c) } return s.s[n] } type quo struct { s1, s2 fps inv float64 c []float64 s []float64 } func (s *quo) extract(n int) float64 { switch { case len(s.s) > 0: case !math.IsInf(s.inv, 1): a0 := s.s2.extract(0) s.inv = 1 / a0 if a0 != 0 { break } fallthrough default: return math.NaN() } for i := len(s.s); i <= n; i++ { c := 0. for k := 1; k <= i; k++ { c += s.s2.extract(k) * s.c[n-k] } c = s.s1.extract(i) - c*s.inv s.c = append(s.c, c) s.s = append(s.s, c*s.inv) } return s.s[n] } type deriv struct { s []float64 s1 fps } func (s *deriv) extract(n int) float64 { for i := len(s.s); i <= n; { i++ s.s = append(s.s, float64(i)*s.s1.extract(i)) } return s.s[n] } type integ struct { s []float64 s1 fps } func (s *integ) extract(n int) float64 { if n == 0 { return 0 } for i := len(s.s) + 1; i <= n; i++ { s.s = append(s.s, s.s1.extract(i-1)/float64(i)) } return s.s[n-1] } func main() { partialSeries := func(f fps) (s string) { for i := 0; i < 6; i++ { s = fmt.Sprintf("%s %8.5f ", s, f.extract(i)) } return } sin, cos := sinCos() fmt.Println("sin:", partialSeries(sin)) fmt.Println("cos:", partialSeries(cos)) }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <math.h> enum fps_type { FPS_CONST = 0, FPS_ADD, FPS_SUB, FPS_MUL, FPS_DIV, FPS_DERIV, FPS_INT, }; typedef struct fps_t *fps; typedef struct fps_t { int type; fps s1, s2; double a0; } fps_t; fps fps_new() { fps x = malloc(sizeof(fps_t)); x->a0 = 0; x->s1 = x->s2 = 0; x->type = 0; return x; } void fps_redefine(fps x, int op, fps y, fps z) { x->type = op; x->s1 = y; x->s2 = z; } fps _binary(fps x, fps y, int op) { fps s = fps_new(); s->s1 = x; s->s2 = y; s->type = op; return s; } fps _unary(fps x, int op) { fps s = fps_new(); s->s1 = x; s->type = op; return s; } double term(fps x, int n) { double ret = 0; int i; switch (x->type) { case FPS_CONST: return n > 0 ? 0 : x->a0; case FPS_ADD: ret = term(x->s1, n) + term(x->s2, n); break; case FPS_SUB: ret = term(x->s1, n) - term(x->s2, n); break; case FPS_MUL: for (i = 0; i <= n; i++) ret += term(x->s1, i) * term(x->s2, n - i); break; case FPS_DIV: if (! term(x->s2, 0)) return NAN; ret = term(x->s1, n); for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) ret -= term(x->s2, i) * term(x, n - i) / term(x->s2, 0); break; case FPS_DERIV: ret = n * term(x->s1, n + 1); break; case FPS_INT: if (!n) return x->a0; ret = term(x->s1, n - 1) / n; break; default: fprintf(stderr, "Unknown operator %d\n", x->type); exit(1); } return ret; } #define _add(x, y) _binary(x, y, FPS_ADD) #define _sub(x, y) _binary(x, y, FPS_SUB) #define _mul(x, y) _binary(x, y, FPS_MUL) #define _div(x, y) _binary(x, y, FPS_DIV) #define _integ(x) _unary(x, FPS_INT) #define _deriv(x) _unary(x, FPS_DERIV) fps fps_const(double a0) { fps x = fps_new(); x->type = FPS_CONST; x->a0 = a0; return x; } int main() { int i; fps one = fps_const(1); fps fcos = fps_new(); fps fsin = _integ(fcos); fps ftan = _div(fsin, fcos); fps_redefine(fcos, FPS_SUB, one, _integ(fsin)); fps fexp = fps_const(1); fps_redefine(fexp, FPS_INT, fexp, 0); printf("Sin:"); for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) printf(" %g", term(fsin, i)); printf("\nCos:"); for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) printf(" %g", term(fcos, i)); printf("\nTan:"); for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) printf(" %g", term(ftan, i)); printf("\nExp:"); for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) printf(" %g", term(fexp, i)); return 0; }
Produce a functionally identical C code for the snippet given in Go.
package main import ( "fmt" "math" "rcu" ) func main() { powers := [10]int{0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81} fmt.Println("Own digits power sums for N = 3 to 9 inclusive:") for n := 3; n < 10; n++ { for d := 2; d < 10; d++ { powers[d] *= d } i := int(math.Pow(10, float64(n-1))) max := i * 10 lastDigit := 0 sum := 0 var digits []int for i < max { if lastDigit == 0 { digits = rcu.Digits(i, 10) sum = 0 for _, d := range digits { sum += powers[d] } } else if lastDigit == 1 { sum++ } else { sum += powers[lastDigit] - powers[lastDigit-1] } if sum == i { fmt.Println(i) if lastDigit == 0 { fmt.Println(i + 1) } i += 10 - lastDigit lastDigit = 0 } else if sum > i { i += 10 - lastDigit lastDigit = 0 } else if lastDigit < 9 { i++ lastDigit++ } else { i++ lastDigit = 0 } } } }
#include <stdio.h> #include <math.h> #define MAX_DIGITS 9 int digits[MAX_DIGITS]; void getDigits(int i) { int ix = 0; while (i > 0) { digits[ix++] = i % 10; i /= 10; } } int main() { int n, d, i, max, lastDigit, sum, dp; int powers[10] = {0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81}; printf("Own digits power sums for N = 3 to 9 inclusive:\n"); for (n = 3; n < 10; ++n) { for (d = 2; d < 10; ++d) powers[d] *= d; i = (int)pow(10, n-1); max = i * 10; lastDigit = 0; while (i < max) { if (!lastDigit) { getDigits(i); sum = 0; for (d = 0; d < n; ++d) { dp = digits[d]; sum += powers[dp]; } } else if (lastDigit == 1) { sum++; } else { sum += powers[lastDigit] - powers[lastDigit-1]; } if (sum == i) { printf("%d\n", i); if (lastDigit == 0) printf("%d\n", i + 1); i += 10 - lastDigit; lastDigit = 0; } else if (sum > i) { i += 10 - lastDigit; lastDigit = 0; } else if (lastDigit < 9) { i++; lastDigit++; } else { i++; lastDigit = 0; } } } return 0; }
Rewrite this program in C while keeping its functionality equivalent to the Go version.
package raster const b3Seg = 30 func (b *Bitmap) Bézier3(x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, x4, y4 int, p Pixel) { var px, py [b3Seg + 1]int fx1, fy1 := float64(x1), float64(y1) fx2, fy2 := float64(x2), float64(y2) fx3, fy3 := float64(x3), float64(y3) fx4, fy4 := float64(x4), float64(y4) for i := range px { d := float64(i) / b3Seg a := 1 - d b, c := a * a, d * d a, b, c, d = a*b, 3*b*d, 3*a*c, c*d px[i] = int(a*fx1 + b*fx2 + c*fx3 + d*fx4) py[i] = int(a*fy1 + b*fy2 + c*fy3 + d*fy4) } x0, y0 := px[0], py[0] for i := 1; i <= b3Seg; i++ { x1, y1 := px[i], py[i] b.Line(x0, y0, x1, y1, p) x0, y0 = x1, y1 } } func (b *Bitmap) Bézier3Rgb(x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, x4, y4 int, c Rgb) { b.Bézier3(x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, x4, y4, c.Pixel()) }
void cubic_bezier( image img, unsigned int x1, unsigned int y1, unsigned int x2, unsigned int y2, unsigned int x3, unsigned int y3, unsigned int x4, unsigned int y4, color_component r, color_component g, color_component b );
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in C.
package main import "fmt" func main() { list := pancake{31, 41, 59, 26, 53, 58, 97, 93, 23, 84} fmt.Println("unsorted:", list) list.sort() fmt.Println("sorted! ", list) } type pancake []int func (a pancake) sort() { for uns := len(a) - 1; uns > 0; uns-- { lx, lg := 0, a[0] for i := 1; i <= uns; i++ { if a[i] > lg { lx, lg = i, a[i] } } a.flip(lx) a.flip(uns) } } func (a pancake) flip(r int) { for l := 0; l < r; l, r = l+1, r-1 { a[l], a[r] = a[r], a[l] } }
int pancake_sort(int *list, unsigned int length) { if(length<2) return 0; int i,a,max_num_pos,moves; moves=0; for(i=length;i>1;i--) { max_num_pos=0; for(a=0;a<i;a++) { if(list[a]>list[max_num_pos]) max_num_pos=a; } if(max_num_pos==i-1) continue; if(max_num_pos) { moves++; do_flip(list, length, max_num_pos+1); } moves++; do_flip(list, length, i); } return moves; }
Port the provided Go code into C while preserving the original functionality.
package main import ( "fmt" "math/rand" "rcu" "strings" "time" ) func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) var sb strings.Builder for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ { sb.WriteByte(byte(rand.Intn(10) + 48)) } number := sb.String() for i := 99999; i >= 0; i-- { quintet := fmt.Sprintf("%05d", i) if strings.Contains(number, quintet) { ci := rcu.Commatize(i) fmt.Printf("The largest number formed from 5 adjacent digits (%s) is: %6s\n", quintet, ci) break } } for i := 0; i <= 99999; i++ { quintet := fmt.Sprintf("%05d", i) if strings.Contains(number, quintet) { ci := rcu.Commatize(i) fmt.Printf("The smallest number formed from 5 adjacent digits (%s) is: %6s\n", quintet, ci) return } } }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <time.h> #define DIGITS 1000 #define NUMSIZE 5 uint8_t randomDigit() { uint8_t d; do {d = rand() & 0xF;} while (d >= 10); return d; } int numberAt(uint8_t *d, int size) { int acc = 0; while (size--) acc = 10*acc + *d++; return acc; } int main() { uint8_t digits[DIGITS]; int i, largest = 0; srand(time(NULL)); for (i=0; i<DIGITS; i++) digits[i] = randomDigit(); for (i=0; i<DIGITS-NUMSIZE; i++) { int here = numberAt(&digits[i], NUMSIZE); if (here > largest) largest = here; } printf("%d\n", largest); return 0; }
Can you help me rewrite this code in C instead of Go, keeping it the same logically?
package main import ( "fmt" "math/rand" "rcu" "strings" "time" ) func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) var sb strings.Builder for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ { sb.WriteByte(byte(rand.Intn(10) + 48)) } number := sb.String() for i := 99999; i >= 0; i-- { quintet := fmt.Sprintf("%05d", i) if strings.Contains(number, quintet) { ci := rcu.Commatize(i) fmt.Printf("The largest number formed from 5 adjacent digits (%s) is: %6s\n", quintet, ci) break } } for i := 0; i <= 99999; i++ { quintet := fmt.Sprintf("%05d", i) if strings.Contains(number, quintet) { ci := rcu.Commatize(i) fmt.Printf("The smallest number formed from 5 adjacent digits (%s) is: %6s\n", quintet, ci) return } } }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <time.h> #define DIGITS 1000 #define NUMSIZE 5 uint8_t randomDigit() { uint8_t d; do {d = rand() & 0xF;} while (d >= 10); return d; } int numberAt(uint8_t *d, int size) { int acc = 0; while (size--) acc = 10*acc + *d++; return acc; } int main() { uint8_t digits[DIGITS]; int i, largest = 0; srand(time(NULL)); for (i=0; i<DIGITS; i++) digits[i] = randomDigit(); for (i=0; i<DIGITS-NUMSIZE; i++) { int here = numberAt(&digits[i], NUMSIZE); if (here > largest) largest = here; } printf("%d\n", largest); return 0; }
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in C.
package main import ( "fmt" "rcu" ) func main() { for i := 1; i < 100; i++ { if !rcu.IsPrime(rcu.DigitSum(i*i, 10)) { continue } if rcu.IsPrime(rcu.DigitSum(i*i*i, 10)) { fmt.Printf("%d ", i) } } fmt.Println() }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdbool.h> int digit_sum(int n) { int sum; for (sum = 0; n; n /= 10) sum += n % 10; return sum; } bool prime(int n) { if (n<4) return n>=2; for (int d=2; d*d <= n; d++) if (n%d == 0) return false; return true; } int main() { for (int i=1; i<100; i++) if (prime(digit_sum(i*i)) & prime(digit_sum(i*i*i))) printf("%d ", i); printf("\n"); return 0; }
Generate a C translation of this Go snippet without changing its computational steps.
package main import ( "fmt" "math" "rcu" "time" ) func sos(n int) []int { if n < 3 { return []int{} } var primes []int k := (n-3)/2 + 1 marked := make([]bool, k) limit := (int(math.Sqrt(float64(n)))-3)/2 + 1 for i := 0; i < limit; i++ { p := 2*i + 3 s := (p*p - 3) / 2 for j := s; j < k; j += p { marked[j] = true } } for i := 0; i < k; i++ { if !marked[i] { primes = append(primes, 2*i+3) } } return primes } func soe(n int) []int { if n < 3 { return []int{} } var primes []int k := (n-3)/2 + 1 marked := make([]bool, k) limit := (int(math.Sqrt(float64(n)))-3)/2 + 1 for i := 0; i < limit; i++ { if !marked[i] { p := 2*i + 3 s := (p*p - 3) / 2 for j := s; j < k; j += p { marked[j] = true } } } for i := 0; i < k; i++ { if !marked[i] { primes = append(primes, 2*i+3) } } return primes } func main() { const limit = int(16e6) start := time.Now() primes := sos(limit) elapsed := int(time.Since(start).Milliseconds()) climit := rcu.Commatize(limit) celapsed := rcu.Commatize(elapsed) million := rcu.Commatize(1e6) millionth := rcu.Commatize(primes[1e6-1]) fmt.Printf("Using the Sieve of Sundaram generated primes up to %s in %s ms.\n\n", climit, celapsed) fmt.Println("First 100 odd primes generated by the Sieve of Sundaram:") for i, p := range primes[0:100] { fmt.Printf("%3d ", p) if (i+1)%10 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } fmt.Printf("\nThe %s Sundaram prime is %s\n", million, millionth) start = time.Now() primes = soe(limit) elapsed = int(time.Since(start).Milliseconds()) celapsed = rcu.Commatize(elapsed) millionth = rcu.Commatize(primes[1e6-1]) fmt.Printf("\nUsing the Sieve of Eratosthenes would have generated them in %s ms.\n", celapsed) fmt.Printf("\nAs a check, the %s Sundaram prime would again have been %s\n", million, millionth) }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <math.h> int main(void) { int nprimes = 1000000; int nmax = ceil(nprimes*(log(nprimes)+log(log(nprimes))-0.9385)); int i, j, m, k; int *a; k = (nmax-2)/2; a = (int *)calloc(k + 1, sizeof(int)); for(i = 0; i <= k; i++)a[i] = 2*i+1; for (i = 1; (i+1)*i*2 <= k; i++) for (j = i; j <= (k-i)/(2*i+1); j++) { m = i + j + 2*i*j; if(a[m]) a[m] = 0; } for (i = 1, j = 0; i <= k; i++) if (a[i]) { if(j%10 == 0 && j <= 100)printf("\n"); j++; if(j <= 100)printf("%3d ", a[i]); else if(j == nprimes){ printf("\n%d th prime is %d\n",j,a[i]); break; } } }
Change the programming language of this snippet from Go to C without modifying what it does.
package main import ( "log" "github.com/jtblin/go-ldap-client" ) func main() { client := &ldap.LDAPClient{ Base: "dc=example,dc=com", Host: "ldap.example.com", Port: 389, UseSSL: false, BindDN: "uid=readonlyuser,ou=People,dc=example,dc=com", BindPassword: "readonlypassword", UserFilter: "(uid=%s)", GroupFilter: "(memberUid=%s)", Attributes: []string{"givenName", "sn", "mail", "uid"}, } defer client.Close() err := client.Connect() if err != nil { log.Fatalf("Failed to connect : %+v", err) } }
#include <ldap.h> ... char *name, *password; ... LDAP *ld = ldap_init("ldap.somewhere.com", 389); ldap_simple_bind_s(ld, name, password); ... after done with it... ldap_unbind(ld);
Translate the given Go code snippet into C without altering its behavior.
package main import "fmt" func main() { lists := [][]int{ {9, 3, 3, 3, 2, 1, 7, 8, 5}, {5, 2, 9, 3, 3, 7, 8, 4, 1}, {1, 4, 3, 6, 7, 3, 8, 3, 2}, {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}, {4, 6, 8, 7, 2, 3, 3, 3, 1}, {3, 3, 3, 1, 2, 4, 5, 1, 3}, {0, 3, 3, 3, 3, 7, 2, 2, 6}, {3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4}, } for d := 1; d <= 4; d++ { fmt.Printf("Exactly %d adjacent %d's:\n", d, d) for _, list := range lists { var indices []int for i, e := range list { if e == d { indices = append(indices, i) } } adjacent := false if len(indices) == d { adjacent = true for i := 1; i < len(indices); i++ { if indices[i]-indices[i-1] != 1 { adjacent = false break } } } fmt.Printf("%v -> %t\n", list, adjacent) } fmt.Println() } }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdbool.h> bool three_3s(const int *items, size_t len) { int threes = 0; while (len--) if (*items++ == 3) if (threes<3) threes++; else return false; else if (threes != 0 && threes != 3) return false; return true; } void print_list(const int *items, size_t len) { while (len--) printf("%d ", *items++); } int main() { int lists[][9] = { {9,3,3,3,2,1,7,8,5}, {5,2,9,3,3,6,8,4,1}, {1,4,3,6,7,3,8,3,2}, {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}, {4,6,8,7,2,3,3,3,1} }; size_t list_length = sizeof(lists[0]) / sizeof(int); size_t n_lists = sizeof(lists) / sizeof(lists[0]); for (size_t i=0; i<n_lists; i++) { print_list(lists[i], list_length); printf("-> %s\n", three_3s(lists[i], list_length) ? "true" : "false"); } return 0; }
Translate this program into C but keep the logic exactly as in Go.
package permute func Iter(p []int) func() int { f := pf(len(p)) return func() int { return f(p) } } func pf(n int) func([]int) int { sign := 1 switch n { case 0, 1: return func([]int) (s int) { s = sign sign = 0 return } default: p0 := pf(n - 1) i := n var d int return func(p []int) int { switch { case sign == 0: case i == n: i-- sign = p0(p[:i]) d = -1 case i == 0: i++ sign *= p0(p[1:]) d = 1 if sign == 0 { p[0], p[1] = p[1], p[0] } default: p[i], p[i-1] = p[i-1], p[i] sign = -sign i += d } return sign } } }
#include<stdlib.h> #include<string.h> #include<stdio.h> int flag = 1; void heapPermute(int n, int arr[],int arrLen){ int temp; int i; if(n==1){ printf("\n["); for(i=0;i<arrLen;i++) printf("%d,",arr[i]); printf("\b] Sign : %d",flag); flag*=-1; } else{ for(i=0;i<n-1;i++){ heapPermute(n-1,arr,arrLen); if(n%2==0){ temp = arr[i]; arr[i] = arr[n-1]; arr[n-1] = temp; } else{ temp = arr[0]; arr[0] = arr[n-1]; arr[n-1] = temp; } } heapPermute(n-1,arr,arrLen); } } int main(int argC,char* argV[0]) { int *arr, i=0, count = 1; char* token; if(argC==1) printf("Usage : %s <comma separated list of integers>",argV[0]); else{ while(argV[1][i]!=00){ if(argV[1][i++]==',') count++; } arr = (int*)malloc(count*sizeof(int)); i = 0; token = strtok(argV[1],","); while(token!=NULL){ arr[i++] = atoi(token); token = strtok(NULL,","); } heapPermute(i,arr,count); } return 0; }
Generate an equivalent C version of this Go code.
package main import "rcu" func main() { var res []int for n := 1; n <= 70; n++ { m := 1 for rcu.DigitSum(m*n, 10) != n { m++ } res = append(res, m) } rcu.PrintTable(res, 7, 10, true) }
#include <stdio.h> unsigned digit_sum(unsigned n) { unsigned sum = 0; do { sum += n % 10; } while(n /= 10); return sum; } unsigned a131382(unsigned n) { unsigned m; for (m = 1; n != digit_sum(m*n); m++); return m; } int main() { unsigned n; for (n = 1; n <= 70; n++) { printf("%9u", a131382(n)); if (n % 10 == 0) printf("\n"); } return 0; }
Convert this Go block to C, preserving its control flow and logic.
package main import "fmt" const ( N = 2200 N2 = N * N * 2 ) func main() { s := 3 var s1, s2 int var r [N + 1]bool var ab [N2 + 1]bool for a := 1; a <= N; a++ { a2 := a * a for b := a; b <= N; b++ { ab[a2 + b * b] = true } } for c := 1; c <= N; c++ { s1 = s s += 2 s2 = s for d := c + 1; d <= N; d++ { if ab[s1] { r[d] = true } s1 += s2 s2 += 2 } } for d := 1; d <= N; d++ { if !r[d] { fmt.Printf("%d ", d) } } fmt.Println() }
#include <stdio.h> #include <math.h> #include <string.h> #define N 2200 int main(int argc, char **argv){ int a,b,c,d; int r[N+1]; memset(r,0,sizeof(r)); for(a=1; a<=N; a++){ for(b=a; b<=N; b++){ int aabb; if(a&1 && b&1) continue; aabb=a*a + b*b; for(c=b; c<=N; c++){ int aabbcc=aabb + c*c; d=(int)sqrt((float)aabbcc); if(aabbcc == d*d && d<=N) r[d]=1; } } } for(a=1; a<=N; a++) if(!r[a]) printf("%d ",a); printf("\n"); }
Convert this Go block to C, preserving its control flow and logic.
package main import "fmt" var d = [][]int{ {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}, {1, 2, 3, 4, 0, 6, 7, 8, 9, 5}, {2, 3, 4, 0, 1, 7, 8, 9, 5, 6}, {3, 4, 0, 1, 2, 8, 9, 5, 6, 7}, {4, 0, 1, 2, 3, 9, 5, 6, 7, 8}, {5, 9, 8, 7, 6, 0, 4, 3, 2, 1}, {6, 5, 9, 8, 7, 1, 0, 4, 3, 2}, {7, 6, 5, 9, 8, 2, 1, 0, 4, 3}, {8, 7, 6, 5, 9, 3, 2, 1, 0, 4}, {9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0}, } var inv = []int{0, 4, 3, 2, 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} var p = [][]int{ {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}, {1, 5, 7, 6, 2, 8, 3, 0, 9, 4}, {5, 8, 0, 3, 7, 9, 6, 1, 4, 2}, {8, 9, 1, 6, 0, 4, 3, 5, 2, 7}, {9, 4, 5, 3, 1, 2, 6, 8, 7, 0}, {4, 2, 8, 6, 5, 7, 3, 9, 0, 1}, {2, 7, 9, 3, 8, 0, 6, 4, 1, 5}, {7, 0, 4, 6, 9, 1, 3, 2, 5, 8}, } func verhoeff(s string, validate, table bool) interface{} { if table { t := "Check digit" if validate { t = "Validation" } fmt.Printf("%s calculations for '%s':\n\n", t, s) fmt.Println(" i nᵢ p[i,nᵢ] c") fmt.Println("------------------") } if !validate { s = s + "0" } c := 0 le := len(s) - 1 for i := le; i >= 0; i-- { ni := int(s[i] - 48) pi := p[(le-i)%8][ni] c = d[c][pi] if table { fmt.Printf("%2d %d %d %d\n", le-i, ni, pi, c) } } if table && !validate { fmt.Printf("\ninv[%d] = %d\n", c, inv[c]) } if !validate { return inv[c] } return c == 0 } func main() { ss := []string{"236", "12345", "123456789012"} ts := []bool{true, true, false, true} for i, s := range ss { c := verhoeff(s, false, ts[i]).(int) fmt.Printf("\nThe check digit for '%s' is '%d'\n\n", s, c) for _, sc := range []string{s + string(c+48), s + "9"} { v := verhoeff(sc, true, ts[i]).(bool) ans := "correct" if !v { ans = "incorrect" } fmt.Printf("\nThe validation for '%s' is %s\n\n", sc, ans) } } }
#include <assert.h> #include <stdbool.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> static const int d[][10] = { {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}, {1, 2, 3, 4, 0, 6, 7, 8, 9, 5}, {2, 3, 4, 0, 1, 7, 8, 9, 5, 6}, {3, 4, 0, 1, 2, 8, 9, 5, 6, 7}, {4, 0, 1, 2, 3, 9, 5, 6, 7, 8}, {5, 9, 8, 7, 6, 0, 4, 3, 2, 1}, {6, 5, 9, 8, 7, 1, 0, 4, 3, 2}, {7, 6, 5, 9, 8, 2, 1, 0, 4, 3}, {8, 7, 6, 5, 9, 3, 2, 1, 0, 4}, {9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0}, }; static const int inv[] = {0, 4, 3, 2, 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}; static const int p[][10] = { {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}, {1, 5, 7, 6, 2, 8, 3, 0, 9, 4}, {5, 8, 0, 3, 7, 9, 6, 1, 4, 2}, {8, 9, 1, 6, 0, 4, 3, 5, 2, 7}, {9, 4, 5, 3, 1, 2, 6, 8, 7, 0}, {4, 2, 8, 6, 5, 7, 3, 9, 0, 1}, {2, 7, 9, 3, 8, 0, 6, 4, 1, 5}, {7, 0, 4, 6, 9, 1, 3, 2, 5, 8}, }; int verhoeff(const char* s, bool validate, bool verbose) { if (verbose) { const char* t = validate ? "Validation" : "Check digit"; printf("%s calculations for '%s':\n\n", t, s); puts(u8" i n\xE1\xB5\xA2 p[i,n\xE1\xB5\xA2] c"); puts("------------------"); } int len = strlen(s); if (validate) --len; int c = 0; for (int i = len; i >= 0; --i) { int ni = (i == len && !validate) ? 0 : s[i] - '0'; assert(ni >= 0 && ni < 10); int pi = p[(len - i) % 8][ni]; c = d[c][pi]; if (verbose) printf("%2d %d %d %d\n", len - i, ni, pi, c); } if (verbose && !validate) printf("\ninv[%d] = %d\n", c, inv[c]); return validate ? c == 0 : inv[c]; } int main() { const char* ss[3] = {"236", "12345", "123456789012"}; for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) { const char* s = ss[i]; bool verbose = i < 2; int c = verhoeff(s, false, verbose); printf("\nThe check digit for '%s' is '%d'.\n", s, c); int len = strlen(s); char sc[len + 2]; strncpy(sc, s, len + 2); for (int j = 0; j < 2; ++j) { sc[len] = (j == 0) ? c + '0' : '9'; int v = verhoeff(sc, true, verbose); printf("\nThe validation for '%s' is %s.\n", sc, v ? "correct" : "incorrect"); } } return 0; }
Rewrite the snippet below in C so it works the same as the original Go code.
package main import ( "fmt" "rcu" "strconv" "strings" ) func contains(list []int, s int) bool { for _, e := range list { if e == s { return true } } return false } func main() { fmt.Println("Steady squares under 10,000:") finalDigits := []int{1, 5, 6} for i := 1; i < 10000; i++ { if !contains(finalDigits, i%10) { continue } sq := i * i sqs := strconv.Itoa(sq) is := strconv.Itoa(i) if strings.HasSuffix(sqs, is) { fmt.Printf("%5s -> %10s\n", rcu.Commatize(i), rcu.Commatize(sq)) } } }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdbool.h> bool steady(int n) { int mask = 1; for (int d = n; d != 0; d /= 10) mask *= 10; return (n * n) % mask == n; } int main() { for (int i = 1; i < 10000; i++) if (steady(i)) printf("%4d^2 = %8d\n", i, i * i); return 0; }
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in C.
package main import ( "fmt" "rcu" "strconv" ) func reverse(s string) string { chars := []rune(s) for i, j := 0, len(chars)-1; i < j; i, j = i+1, j-1 { chars[i], chars[j] = chars[j], chars[i] } return string(chars) } func main() { fmt.Println("Numbers under 25,000 in base 10 which are palindromic in bases 2, 4 and 16:") var numbers []int for i := int64(0); i < 25000; i++ { b2 := strconv.FormatInt(i, 2) if b2 == reverse(b2) { b4 := strconv.FormatInt(i, 4) if b4 == reverse(b4) { b16 := strconv.FormatInt(i, 16) if b16 == reverse(b16) { numbers = append(numbers, int(i)) } } } } for i, n := range numbers { fmt.Printf("%6s ", rcu.Commatize(n)) if (i+1)%10 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } fmt.Println("\n\nFound", len(numbers), "such numbers.") }
#include <stdio.h> #define MAXIMUM 25000 int reverse(int n, int base) { int r; for (r = 0; n; n /= base) r = r*base + n%base; return r; } int palindrome(int n, int base) { return n == reverse(n, base); } int main() { int i, c = 0; for (i = 0; i < MAXIMUM; i++) { if (palindrome(i, 2) && palindrome(i, 4) && palindrome(i, 16)) { printf("%5d%c", i, ++c % 12 ? ' ' : '\n'); } } printf("\n"); return 0; }
Produce a language-to-language conversion: from Go to C, same semantics.
package main import ( "fmt" "math/rand" "time" ) func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) totalSecs := 0 totalSteps := 0 fmt.Println("Seconds steps behind steps ahead") fmt.Println("------- ------------ -----------") for trial := 1; trial < 10000; trial++ { sbeh := 0 slen := 100 secs := 0 for sbeh < slen { sbeh++ for wiz := 1; wiz < 6; wiz++ { if rand.Intn(slen) < sbeh { sbeh++ } slen++ } secs++ if trial == 1 && secs > 599 && secs < 610 { fmt.Printf("%d %d %d\n", secs, sbeh, slen-sbeh) } } totalSecs += secs totalSteps += slen } fmt.Println("\nAverage secs taken:", float64(totalSecs)/10000) fmt.Println("Average final length of staircase:", float64(totalSteps)/10000) }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> int main(void) { int trial, secs_tot=0, steps_tot=0; int sbeh, slen, wiz, secs; time_t t; srand((unsigned) time(&t)); printf( "Seconds steps behind steps ahead\n" ); for( trial=1;trial<=10000;trial++ ) { sbeh = 0; slen = 100; secs = 0; while(sbeh<slen) { sbeh+=1; for(wiz=1;wiz<=5;wiz++) { if(rand()%slen < sbeh) sbeh+=1; slen+=1; } secs+=1; if(trial==1&&599<secs&&secs<610) printf("%d %d %d\n", secs, sbeh, slen-sbeh ); } secs_tot+=secs; steps_tot+=slen; } printf( "Average secs taken: %f\n", secs_tot/10000.0 ); printf( "Average final length of staircase: %f\n", steps_tot/10000.0 ); return 0; }
Transform the following Go implementation into C, maintaining the same output and logic.
package main import "C" import "fmt" func main() { for i := 0; i < 80*25; i++ { fmt.Print("A") } fmt.Println() conOut := C.GetStdHandle(C.STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE) info := C.CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO{} pos := C.COORD{} C.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(conOut, &info) pos.X = info.srWindow.Left + 3 pos.Y = info.srWindow.Top + 6 var c C.wchar_t var le C.ulong ret := C.ReadConsoleOutputCharacterW(conOut, &c, 1, pos, &le) if ret == 0 || le <= 0 { fmt.Println("Something went wrong!") return } fmt.Printf("The character at column 3, row 6 is '%c'\n", c) }
#include <windows.h> #include <wchar.h> int main() { CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO info; COORD pos; HANDLE conout; long len; wchar_t c; conout = CreateFileW(L"CONOUT$", GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL); if (conout == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) return 1; if (GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(conout, &info) == 0) return 1; pos.X = info.srWindow.Left + 3; pos.Y = info.srWindow.Top + 6; if (ReadConsoleOutputCharacterW(conout, &c, 1, pos, &len) == 0 || len <= 0) return 1; wprintf(L"Character at (3, 6) had been '%lc'\n", c); return 0; }
Convert this Go snippet to C and keep its semantics consistent.
package main import "C" import "fmt" func main() { for i := 0; i < 80*25; i++ { fmt.Print("A") } fmt.Println() conOut := C.GetStdHandle(C.STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE) info := C.CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO{} pos := C.COORD{} C.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(conOut, &info) pos.X = info.srWindow.Left + 3 pos.Y = info.srWindow.Top + 6 var c C.wchar_t var le C.ulong ret := C.ReadConsoleOutputCharacterW(conOut, &c, 1, pos, &le) if ret == 0 || le <= 0 { fmt.Println("Something went wrong!") return } fmt.Printf("The character at column 3, row 6 is '%c'\n", c) }
#include <windows.h> #include <wchar.h> int main() { CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO info; COORD pos; HANDLE conout; long len; wchar_t c; conout = CreateFileW(L"CONOUT$", GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL); if (conout == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) return 1; if (GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(conout, &info) == 0) return 1; pos.X = info.srWindow.Left + 3; pos.Y = info.srWindow.Top + 6; if (ReadConsoleOutputCharacterW(conout, &c, 1, pos, &len) == 0 || len <= 0) return 1; wprintf(L"Character at (3, 6) had been '%lc'\n", c); return 0; }
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Go to C.
package main import "fmt" func random(seed int) int { return seed * seed / 1e3 % 1e6 } func main() { seed := 675248 for i := 1; i <= 5; i++ { seed = random(seed) fmt.Println(seed) } }
#include<stdio.h> long long seed; long long random(){ seed = seed * seed / 1000 % 1000000; return seed; } int main(){ seed = 675248; for(int i=1;i<=5;i++) printf("%lld\n",random()); return 0; }
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Go to C.
package main import ( "bufio" "fmt" "io" "log" "os" "strings" "unicode" ) type line struct { kind lineKind option string value string disabled bool } type lineKind int const ( _ lineKind = iota ignore parseError comment blank value ) func (l line) String() string { switch l.kind { case ignore, parseError, comment, blank: return l.value case value: s := l.option if l.disabled { s = "; " + s } if l.value != "" { s += " " + l.value } return s } panic("unexpected line kind") } func removeDross(s string) string { return strings.Map(func(r rune) rune { if r < 32 || r > 0x7f || unicode.IsControl(r) { return -1 } return r }, s) } func parseLine(s string) line { if s == "" { return line{kind: blank} } if s[0] == '#' { return line{kind: comment, value: s} } s = removeDross(s) fields := strings.Fields(s) if len(fields) == 0 { return line{kind: blank} } semi := false for len(fields[0]) > 0 && fields[0][0] == ';' { semi = true fields[0] = fields[0][1:] } if fields[0] == "" { fields = fields[1:] } switch len(fields) { case 0: return line{kind: ignore} case 1: return line{ kind: value, option: strings.ToUpper(fields[0]), disabled: semi, } case 2: return line{ kind: value, option: strings.ToUpper(fields[0]), value: fields[1], disabled: semi, } } return line{kind: parseError, value: s} } type Config struct { options map[string]int lines []line } func (c *Config) index(option string) int { if i, ok := c.options[option]; ok { return i } return -1 } func (c *Config) addLine(l line) { switch l.kind { case ignore: return case value: if c.index(l.option) >= 0 { return } c.options[l.option] = len(c.lines) c.lines = append(c.lines, l) default: c.lines = append(c.lines, l) } } func ReadConfig(path string) (*Config, error) { f, err := os.Open(path) if err != nil { return nil, err } defer f.Close() r := bufio.NewReader(f) c := &Config{options: make(map[string]int)} for { s, err := r.ReadString('\n') if s != "" { if err == nil { s = s[:len(s)-1] } c.addLine(parseLine(s)) } if err == io.EOF { break } if err != nil { return nil, err } } return c, nil } func (c *Config) Set(option string, val string) { if i := c.index(option); i >= 0 { line := &c.lines[i] line.disabled = false line.value = val return } c.addLine(line{ kind: value, option: option, value: val, }) } func (c *Config) Enable(option string, enabled bool) { if i := c.index(option); i >= 0 { c.lines[i].disabled = !enabled } } func (c *Config) Write(w io.Writer) { for _, line := range c.lines { fmt.Println(line) } } func main() { c, err := ReadConfig("/tmp/cfg") if err != nil { log.Fatalln(err) } c.Enable("NEEDSPEELING", false) c.Set("SEEDSREMOVED", "") c.Set("NUMBEROFBANANAS", "1024") c.Set("NUMBEROFSTRAWBERRIES", "62000") c.Write(os.Stdout) }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #define strcomp(X, Y) strcasecmp(X, Y) struct option { const char *name, *value; int flag; }; struct option updlist[] = { { "NEEDSPEELING", NULL }, { "SEEDSREMOVED", "" }, { "NUMBEROFBANANAS", "1024" }, { "NUMBEROFSTRAWBERRIES", "62000" }, { NULL, NULL } }; int output_opt(FILE *to, struct option *opt) { if (opt->value == NULL) return fprintf(to, "; %s\n", opt->name); else if (opt->value[0] == 0) return fprintf(to, "%s\n", opt->name); else return fprintf(to, "%s %s\n", opt->name, opt->value); } int update(FILE *from, FILE *to, struct option *updlist) { char line_buf[256], opt_name[128]; int i; for (;;) { size_t len, space_span, span_to_hash; if (fgets(line_buf, sizeof line_buf, from) == NULL) break; len = strlen(line_buf); space_span = strspn(line_buf, "\t "); span_to_hash = strcspn(line_buf, "#"); if (space_span == span_to_hash) goto line_out; if (space_span == len) goto line_out; if ((sscanf(line_buf, "; %127s", opt_name) == 1) || (sscanf(line_buf, "%127s", opt_name) == 1)) { int flag = 0; for (i = 0; updlist[i].name; i++) { if (strcomp(updlist[i].name, opt_name) == 0) { if (output_opt(to, &updlist[i]) < 0) return -1; updlist[i].flag = 1; flag = 1; } } if (flag == 0) goto line_out; } else line_out: if (fprintf(to, "%s", line_buf) < 0) return -1; continue; } { for (i = 0; updlist[i].name; i++) { if (!updlist[i].flag) if (output_opt(to, &updlist[i]) < 0) return -1; } } return feof(from) ? 0 : -1; } int main(void) { if (update(stdin, stdout, updlist) < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "failed\n"); return (EXIT_FAILURE); } return 0; }
Convert this Go snippet to C and keep its semantics consistent.
package main import ( "fmt" "image" "image/color" "image/jpeg" "math" "os" ) func kf3(k *[9]float64, src, dst *image.Gray) { for y := src.Rect.Min.Y; y < src.Rect.Max.Y; y++ { for x := src.Rect.Min.X; x < src.Rect.Max.X; x++ { var sum float64 var i int for yo := y - 1; yo <= y+1; yo++ { for xo := x - 1; xo <= x+1; xo++ { if (image.Point{xo, yo}).In(src.Rect) { sum += k[i] * float64(src.At(xo, yo).(color.Gray).Y) } else { sum += k[i] * float64(src.At(x, y).(color.Gray).Y) } i++ } } dst.SetGray(x, y, color.Gray{uint8(math.Min(255, math.Max(0, sum)))}) } } } var blur = [9]float64{ 1. / 9, 1. / 9, 1. / 9, 1. / 9, 1. / 9, 1. / 9, 1. / 9, 1. / 9, 1. / 9} func blurY(src *image.YCbCr) *image.YCbCr { dst := *src if src.Rect.Max.X == src.Rect.Min.X || src.Rect.Max.Y == src.Rect.Min.Y { return &dst } srcGray := image.Gray{src.Y, src.YStride, src.Rect} dstGray := srcGray dstGray.Pix = make([]uint8, len(src.Y)) kf3(&blur, &srcGray, &dstGray) dst.Y = dstGray.Pix dst.Cb = append([]uint8{}, src.Cb...) dst.Cr = append([]uint8{}, src.Cr...) return &dst } func main() { f, err := os.Open("Lenna100.jpg") if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return } img, err := jpeg.Decode(f) if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return } f.Close() y, ok := img.(*image.YCbCr) if !ok { fmt.Println("expected color jpeg") return } f, err = os.Create("blur.jpg") if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return } err = jpeg.Encode(f, blurY(y), &jpeg.Options{90}) if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) } }
image filter(image img, double *K, int Ks, double, double);
Generate a C translation of this Go snippet without changing its computational steps.
package main import( "math" "fmt" ) func minOf(x, y uint) uint { if x < y { return x } return y } func throwDie(nSides, nDice, s uint, counts []uint) { if nDice == 0 { counts[s]++ return } for i := uint(1); i <= nSides; i++ { throwDie(nSides, nDice - 1, s + i, counts) } } func beatingProbability(nSides1, nDice1, nSides2, nDice2 uint) float64 { len1 := (nSides1 + 1) * nDice1 c1 := make([]uint, len1) throwDie(nSides1, nDice1, 0, c1) len2 := (nSides2 + 1) * nDice2 c2 := make([]uint, len2) throwDie(nSides2, nDice2, 0, c2) p12 := math.Pow(float64(nSides1), float64(nDice1)) * math.Pow(float64(nSides2), float64(nDice2)) tot := 0.0 for i := uint(0); i < len1; i++ { for j := uint(0); j < minOf(i, len2); j++ { tot += float64(c1[i] * c2[j]) / p12 } } return tot } func main() { fmt.Println(beatingProbability(4, 9, 6, 6)) fmt.Println(beatingProbability(10, 5, 7, 6)) }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdint.h> typedef uint32_t uint; typedef uint64_t ulong; ulong ipow(const uint x, const uint y) { ulong result = 1; for (uint i = 1; i <= y; i++) result *= x; return result; } uint min(const uint x, const uint y) { return (x < y) ? x : y; } void throw_die(const uint n_sides, const uint n_dice, const uint s, uint counts[]) { if (n_dice == 0) { counts[s]++; return; } for (uint i = 1; i < n_sides + 1; i++) throw_die(n_sides, n_dice - 1, s + i, counts); } double beating_probability(const uint n_sides1, const uint n_dice1, const uint n_sides2, const uint n_dice2) { const uint len1 = (n_sides1 + 1) * n_dice1; uint C1[len1]; for (uint i = 0; i < len1; i++) C1[i] = 0; throw_die(n_sides1, n_dice1, 0, C1); const uint len2 = (n_sides2 + 1) * n_dice2; uint C2[len2]; for (uint j = 0; j < len2; j++) C2[j] = 0; throw_die(n_sides2, n_dice2, 0, C2); const double p12 = (double)(ipow(n_sides1, n_dice1) * ipow(n_sides2, n_dice2)); double tot = 0; for (uint i = 0; i < len1; i++) for (uint j = 0; j < min(i, len2); j++) tot += (double)C1[i] * C2[j] / p12; return tot; } int main() { printf("%1.16f\n", beating_probability(4, 9, 6, 6)); printf("%1.16f\n", beating_probability(10, 5, 7, 6)); return 0; }
Translate the given Go code snippet into C without altering its behavior.
package main import ( "encoding/xml" "fmt" "io" "net/http" "net/url" ) const language = "Go" var baseQuery = "http: "&format=xml&list=categorymembers&cmlimit=100" func req(u string, foundCm func(string)) string { resp, err := http.Get(u) if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return "" } defer resp.Body.Close() for p := xml.NewDecoder(resp.Body); ; { t, err := p.RawToken() switch s, ok := t.(xml.StartElement); { case err == io.EOF: return "" case err != nil: fmt.Println(err) return "" case !ok: continue case s.Name.Local == "cm": for _, a := range s.Attr { if a.Name.Local == "title" { foundCm(a.Value) } } case s.Name.Local == "categorymembers" && len(s.Attr) > 0 && s.Attr[0].Name.Local == "cmcontinue": return url.QueryEscape(s.Attr[0].Value) } } return "" } func main() { langMap := make(map[string]bool) storeLang := func(cm string) { langMap[cm] = true } languageQuery := baseQuery + "&cmtitle=Category:" + language continueAt := req(languageQuery, storeLang) for continueAt > "" { continueAt = req(languageQuery+"&cmcontinue="+continueAt, storeLang) } if len(langMap) == 0 { fmt.Println("no tasks implemented for", language) return } printUnImp := func(cm string) { if !langMap[cm] { fmt.Println(cm) } } taskQuery := baseQuery + "&cmtitle=Category:Programming_Tasks" continueAt = req(taskQuery, printUnImp) for continueAt > "" { continueAt = req(taskQuery+"&cmcontinue="+continueAt, printUnImp) } }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <curl/curl.h> #include "wren.h" struct MemoryStruct { char *memory; size_t size; }; static size_t WriteMemoryCallback(void *contents, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userp) { size_t realsize = size * nmemb; struct MemoryStruct *mem = (struct MemoryStruct *)userp; char *ptr = realloc(mem->memory, mem->size + realsize + 1); if(!ptr) { printf("not enough memory (realloc returned NULL)\n"); return 0; } mem->memory = ptr; memcpy(&(mem->memory[mem->size]), contents, realsize); mem->size += realsize; mem->memory[mem->size] = 0; return realsize; } void C_bufferAllocate(WrenVM* vm) { struct MemoryStruct *ms = (struct MemoryStruct *)wrenSetSlotNewForeign(vm, 0, 0, sizeof(struct MemoryStruct)); ms->memory = malloc(1); ms->size = 0; } void C_bufferFinalize(void* data) { struct MemoryStruct *ms = (struct MemoryStruct *)data; free(ms->memory); } void C_curlAllocate(WrenVM* vm) { CURL** pcurl = (CURL**)wrenSetSlotNewForeign(vm, 0, 0, sizeof(CURL*)); *pcurl = curl_easy_init(); } void C_value(WrenVM* vm) { struct MemoryStruct *ms = (struct MemoryStruct *)wrenGetSlotForeign(vm, 0); wrenSetSlotString(vm, 0, ms->memory); } void C_easyPerform(WrenVM* vm) { CURL* curl = *(CURL**)wrenGetSlotForeign(vm, 0); curl_easy_perform(curl); } void C_easyCleanup(WrenVM* vm) { CURL* curl = *(CURL**)wrenGetSlotForeign(vm, 0); curl_easy_cleanup(curl); } void C_easySetOpt(WrenVM* vm) { CURL* curl = *(CURL**)wrenGetSlotForeign(vm, 0); CURLoption opt = (CURLoption)wrenGetSlotDouble(vm, 1); if (opt < 10000) { long lparam = (long)wrenGetSlotDouble(vm, 2); curl_easy_setopt(curl, opt, lparam); } else if (opt < 20000) { if (opt == CURLOPT_WRITEDATA) { struct MemoryStruct *ms = (struct MemoryStruct *)wrenGetSlotForeign(vm, 2); curl_easy_setopt(curl, opt, (void *)ms); } else if (opt == CURLOPT_URL) { const char *url = wrenGetSlotString(vm, 2); curl_easy_setopt(curl, opt, url); } } else if (opt < 30000) { if (opt == CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION) { curl_easy_setopt(curl, opt, &WriteMemoryCallback); } } } WrenForeignClassMethods bindForeignClass(WrenVM* vm, const char* module, const char* className) { WrenForeignClassMethods methods; methods.allocate = NULL; methods.finalize = NULL; if (strcmp(module, "main") == 0) { if (strcmp(className, "Buffer") == 0) { methods.allocate = C_bufferAllocate; methods.finalize = C_bufferFinalize; } else if (strcmp(className, "Curl") == 0) { methods.allocate = C_curlAllocate; } } return methods; } WrenForeignMethodFn bindForeignMethod( WrenVM* vm, const char* module, const char* className, bool isStatic, const char* signature) { if (strcmp(module, "main") == 0) { if (strcmp(className, "Buffer") == 0) { if (!isStatic && strcmp(signature, "value") == 0) return C_value; } else if (strcmp(className, "Curl") == 0) { if (!isStatic && strcmp(signature, "easySetOpt(_,_)") == 0) return C_easySetOpt; if (!isStatic && strcmp(signature, "easyPerform()") == 0) return C_easyPerform; if (!isStatic && strcmp(signature, "easyCleanup()") == 0) return C_easyCleanup; } } return NULL; } static void writeFn(WrenVM* vm, const char* text) { printf("%s", text); } void errorFn(WrenVM* vm, WrenErrorType errorType, const char* module, const int line, const char* msg) { switch (errorType) { case WREN_ERROR_COMPILE: printf("[%s line %d] [Error] %s\n", module, line, msg); break; case WREN_ERROR_STACK_TRACE: printf("[%s line %d] in %s\n", module, line, msg); break; case WREN_ERROR_RUNTIME: printf("[Runtime Error] %s\n", msg); break; } } char *readFile(const char *fileName) { FILE *f = fopen(fileName, "r"); fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END); long fsize = ftell(f); rewind(f); char *script = malloc(fsize + 1); fread(script, 1, fsize, f); fclose(f); script[fsize] = 0; return script; } static void loadModuleComplete(WrenVM* vm, const char* module, WrenLoadModuleResult result) { if( result.source) free((void*)result.source); } WrenLoadModuleResult loadModule(WrenVM* vm, const char* name) { WrenLoadModuleResult result = {0}; if (strcmp(name, "random") != 0 && strcmp(name, "meta") != 0) { result.onComplete = loadModuleComplete; char fullName[strlen(name) + 6]; strcpy(fullName, name); strcat(fullName, ".wren"); result.source = readFile(fullName); } return result; } int main(int argc, char **argv) { WrenConfiguration config; wrenInitConfiguration(&config); config.writeFn = &writeFn; config.errorFn = &errorFn; config.bindForeignClassFn = &bindForeignClass; config.bindForeignMethodFn = &bindForeignMethod; config.loadModuleFn = &loadModule; WrenVM* vm = wrenNewVM(&config); const char* module = "main"; const char* fileName = "rc_find_unimplemented_tasks.wren"; char *script = readFile(fileName); WrenInterpretResult result = wrenInterpret(vm, module, script); switch (result) { case WREN_RESULT_COMPILE_ERROR: printf("Compile Error!\n"); break; case WREN_RESULT_RUNTIME_ERROR: printf("Runtime Error!\n"); break; case WREN_RESULT_SUCCESS: break; } wrenFreeVM(vm); free(script); return 0; }
Write a version of this Go function in C with identical behavior.
package main; import "fmt"; func main(){a, b := 0, 0; fmt.Println(a/b)}
int main(){int a=0, b=0, c=a/b;}
Convert this Go snippet to C and keep its semantics consistent.
package main import ( "image" "image/color" "image/gif" "log" "math" "os" ) func setBackgroundColor(img *image.Paletted, w, h int, ci uint8) { for x := 0; x < w; x++ { for y := 0; y < h; y++ { img.SetColorIndex(x, y, ci) } } } func hsb2rgb(hue, sat, bri float64) (r, g, b int) { u := int(bri*255 + 0.5) if sat == 0 { r, g, b = u, u, u } else { h := (hue - math.Floor(hue)) * 6 f := h - math.Floor(h) p := int(bri*(1-sat)*255 + 0.5) q := int(bri*(1-sat*f)*255 + 0.5) t := int(bri*(1-sat*(1-f))*255 + 0.5) switch int(h) { case 0: r, g, b = u, t, p case 1: r, g, b = q, u, p case 2: r, g, b = p, u, t case 3: r, g, b = p, q, u case 4: r, g, b = t, p, u case 5: r, g, b = u, p, q } } return } func main() { const degToRad = math.Pi / 180 const nframes = 100 const delay = 4 w, h := 640, 640 anim := gif.GIF{LoopCount: nframes} rect := image.Rect(0, 0, w, h) palette := make([]color.Color, nframes+1) palette[0] = color.White for i := 1; i <= nframes; i++ { r, g, b := hsb2rgb(float64(i)/nframes, 1, 1) palette[i] = color.RGBA{uint8(r), uint8(g), uint8(b), 255} } for f := 1; f <= nframes; f++ { img := image.NewPaletted(rect, palette) setBackgroundColor(img, w, h, 0) for y := 0; y < h; y++ { for x := 0; x < w; x++ { fx, fy := float64(x), float64(y) value := math.Sin(fx / 16) value += math.Sin(fy / 8) value += math.Sin((fx + fy) / 16) value += math.Sin(math.Sqrt(fx*fx+fy*fy) / 8) value += 4 value /= 8 _, rem := math.Modf(value + float64(f)/float64(nframes)) ci := uint8(nframes*rem) + 1 img.SetColorIndex(x, y, ci) } } anim.Delay = append(anim.Delay, delay) anim.Image = append(anim.Image, img) } file, err := os.Create("plasma.gif") if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer file.Close() if err2 := gif.EncodeAll(file, &anim); err != nil { log.Fatal(err2) } }
#include<windows.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<stdio.h> #include<time.h> #include<math.h> #define pi M_PI int main() { CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO info; int cols, rows; time_t t; int i,j; GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), &info); cols = info.srWindow.Right - info.srWindow.Left + 1; rows = info.srWindow.Bottom - info.srWindow.Top + 1; HANDLE console; console = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE); system("@clear||cls"); srand((unsigned)time(&t)); for(i=0;i<rows;i++) for(j=0;j<cols;j++){ SetConsoleTextAttribute(console,fabs(sin(pi*(rand()%254 + 1)/255.0))*254); printf("%c",219); } getchar(); return 0; }
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in C.
package main import ( "bytes" "fmt" "log" ) func wordle(answer, guess string) []int { n := len(guess) if n != len(answer) { log.Fatal("The words must be of the same length.") } answerBytes := []byte(answer) result := make([]int, n) for i := 0; i < n; i++ { if guess[i] == answerBytes[i] { answerBytes[i] = '\000' result[i] = 2 } } for i := 0; i < n; i++ { ix := bytes.IndexByte(answerBytes, guess[i]) if ix >= 0 { answerBytes[ix] = '\000' result[i] = 1 } } return result } func main() { colors := []string{"grey", "yellow", "green"} pairs := [][]string{ {"ALLOW", "LOLLY"}, {"BULLY", "LOLLY"}, {"ROBIN", "ALERT"}, {"ROBIN", "SONIC"}, {"ROBIN", "ROBIN"}, } for _, pair := range pairs { res := wordle(pair[0], pair[1]) res2 := make([]string, len(res)) for i := 0; i < len(res); i++ { res2[i] = colors[res[i]] } fmt.Printf("%s v %s => %v => %v\n", pair[0], pair[1], res, res2) } }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> void wordle(const char *answer, const char *guess, int *result) { int i, ix, n = strlen(guess); char *ptr; if (n != strlen(answer)) { printf("The words must be of the same length.\n"); exit(1); } char answer2[n+1]; strcpy(answer2, answer); for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) { if (guess[i] == answer2[i]) { answer2[i] = '\v'; result[i] = 2; } } for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) { if ((ptr = strchr(answer2, guess[i])) != NULL) { ix = ptr - answer2; answer2[ix] = '\v'; result[i] = 1; } } } int main() { int i, j; const char *answer, *guess; int res[5]; const char *res2[5]; const char *colors[3] = {"grey", "yellow", "green"}; const char *pairs[5][2] = { {"ALLOW", "LOLLY"}, {"BULLY", "LOLLY"}, {"ROBIN", "ALERT"}, {"ROBIN", "SONIC"}, {"ROBIN", "ROBIN"} }; for (i = 0; i < 5; ++i) { answer = pairs[i][0]; guess = pairs[i][1]; for (j = 0; j < 5; ++j) res[j] = 0; wordle(answer, guess, res); for (j = 0; j < 5; ++j) res2[j] = colors[res[j]]; printf("%s v %s => { ", answer, guess); for (j = 0; j < 5; ++j) printf("%d ", res[j]); printf("} => { "); for (j = 0; j < 5; ++j) printf("%s ", res2[j]); printf("}\n"); } return 0; }
Rewrite the snippet below in C so it works the same as the original Go code.
package main import ( "container/heap" "image" "image/color" "image/png" "log" "math" "os" "sort" ) func main() { f, err := os.Open("Quantum_frog.png") if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } img, err := png.Decode(f) if ec := f.Close(); err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } else if ec != nil { log.Fatal(ec) } fq, err := os.Create("frog16.png") if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } if err = png.Encode(fq, quant(img, 16)); err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } } func quant(img image.Image, nq int) image.Image { qz := newQuantizer(img, nq) qz.cluster() return qz.Paletted() } type quantizer struct { img image.Image cs []cluster px []point ch chValues eq []point } type cluster struct { px []point widestCh int chRange uint32 } type point struct{ x, y int } type chValues []uint32 type queue []*cluster const ( rx = iota gx bx ) func newQuantizer(img image.Image, nq int) *quantizer { b := img.Bounds() npx := (b.Max.X - b.Min.X) * (b.Max.Y - b.Min.Y) qz := &quantizer{ img: img, ch: make(chValues, npx), cs: make([]cluster, nq), } c := &qz.cs[0] px := make([]point, npx) c.px = px i := 0 for y := b.Min.Y; y < b.Max.Y; y++ { for x := b.Min.X; x < b.Max.X; x++ { px[i].x = x px[i].y = y i++ } } return qz } func (qz *quantizer) cluster() { pq := new(queue) c := &qz.cs[0] for i := 1; ; { qz.setColorRange(c) if c.chRange > 0 { heap.Push(pq, c) } if len(*pq) == 0 { qz.cs = qz.cs[:i] break } s := heap.Pop(pq).(*cluster) c = &qz.cs[i] i++ m := qz.Median(s) qz.Split(s, c, m) if i == len(qz.cs) { break } qz.setColorRange(s) if s.chRange > 0 { heap.Push(pq, s) } } } func (q *quantizer) setColorRange(c *cluster) { var maxR, maxG, maxB uint32 minR := uint32(math.MaxUint32) minG := uint32(math.MaxUint32) minB := uint32(math.MaxUint32) for _, p := range c.px { r, g, b, _ := q.img.At(p.x, p.y).RGBA() if r < minR { minR = r } if r > maxR { maxR = r } if g < minG { minG = g } if g > maxG { maxG = g } if b < minB { minB = b } if b > maxB { maxB = b } } s := gx min := minG max := maxG if maxR-minR > max-min { s = rx min = minR max = maxR } if maxB-minB > max-min { s = bx min = minB max = maxB } c.widestCh = s c.chRange = max - min } func (q *quantizer) Median(c *cluster) uint32 { px := c.px ch := q.ch[:len(px)] switch c.widestCh { case rx: for i, p := range c.px { ch[i], _, _, _ = q.img.At(p.x, p.y).RGBA() } case gx: for i, p := range c.px { _, ch[i], _, _ = q.img.At(p.x, p.y).RGBA() } case bx: for i, p := range c.px { _, _, ch[i], _ = q.img.At(p.x, p.y).RGBA() } } sort.Sort(ch) half := len(ch) / 2 m := ch[half] if len(ch)%2 == 0 { m = (m + ch[half-1]) / 2 } return m } func (q *quantizer) Split(s, c *cluster, m uint32) { px := s.px var v uint32 i := 0 lt := 0 gt := len(px) - 1 eq := q.eq[:0] for i <= gt { r, g, b, _ := q.img.At(px[i].x, px[i].y).RGBA() switch s.widestCh { case rx: v = r case gx: v = g case bx: v = b } switch { case v < m: px[lt] = px[i] lt++ i++ case v > m: px[gt], px[i] = px[i], px[gt] gt-- default: eq = append(eq, px[i]) i++ } } if len(eq) > 0 { copy(px[lt:], eq) if len(px)-i < lt { i = lt } q.eq = eq } s.px = px[:i] c.px = px[i:] } func (qz *quantizer) Paletted() *image.Paletted { cp := make(color.Palette, len(qz.cs)) pi := image.NewPaletted(qz.img.Bounds(), cp) for i := range qz.cs { px := qz.cs[i].px var rsum, gsum, bsum int64 for _, p := range px { r, g, b, _ := qz.img.At(p.x, p.y).RGBA() rsum += int64(r) gsum += int64(g) bsum += int64(b) } n64 := int64(len(px)) cp[i] = color.NRGBA64{ uint16(rsum / n64), uint16(gsum / n64), uint16(bsum / n64), 0xffff, } for _, p := range px { pi.SetColorIndex(p.x, p.y, uint8(i)) } } return pi } func (c chValues) Len() int { return len(c) } func (c chValues) Less(i, j int) bool { return c[i] < c[j] } func (c chValues) Swap(i, j int) { c[i], c[j] = c[j], c[i] } func (q queue) Len() int { return len(q) } func (q queue) Less(i, j int) bool { return len(q[j].px) < len(q[i].px) } func (q queue) Swap(i, j int) { q[i], q[j] = q[j], q[i] } func (pq *queue) Push(x interface{}) { c := x.(*cluster) *pq = append(*pq, c) } func (pq *queue) Pop() interface{} { q := *pq n := len(q) - 1 c := q[n] *pq = q[:n] return c }
typedef struct oct_node_t oct_node_t, *oct_node; struct oct_node_t{ uint64_t r, g, b; int count, heap_idx; oct_node kids[8], parent; unsigned char n_kids, kid_idx, flags, depth; }; inline int cmp_node(oct_node a, oct_node b) { if (a->n_kids < b->n_kids) return -1; if (a->n_kids > b->n_kids) return 1; int ac = a->count * (1 + a->kid_idx) >> a->depth; int bc = b->count * (1 + b->kid_idx) >> b->depth; return ac < bc ? -1 : ac > bc; } oct_node node_insert(oct_node root, unsigned char *pix) { # define OCT_DEPTH 8 unsigned char i, bit, depth = 0; for (bit = 1 << 7; ++depth < OCT_DEPTH; bit >>= 1) { i = !!(pix[1] & bit) * 4 + !!(pix[0] & bit) * 2 + !!(pix[2] & bit); if (!root->kids[i]) root->kids[i] = node_new(i, depth, root); root = root->kids[i]; } root->r += pix[0]; root->g += pix[1]; root->b += pix[2]; root->count++; return root; } oct_node node_fold(oct_node p) { if (p->n_kids) abort(); oct_node q = p->parent; q->count += p->count; q->r += p->r; q->g += p->g; q->b += p->b; q->n_kids --; q->kids[p->kid_idx] = 0; return q; } void color_replace(oct_node root, unsigned char *pix) { unsigned char i, bit; for (bit = 1 << 7; bit; bit >>= 1) { i = !!(pix[1] & bit) * 4 + !!(pix[0] & bit) * 2 + !!(pix[2] & bit); if (!root->kids[i]) break; root = root->kids[i]; } pix[0] = root->r; pix[1] = root->g; pix[2] = root->b; } void color_quant(image im, int n_colors) { int i; unsigned char *pix = im->pix; node_heap heap = { 0, 0, 0 }; oct_node root = node_new(0, 0, 0), got; for (i = 0; i < im->w * im->h; i++, pix += 3) heap_add(&heap, node_insert(root, pix)); while (heap.n > n_colors + 1) heap_add(&heap, node_fold(pop_heap(&heap))); double c; for (i = 1; i < heap.n; i++) { got = heap.buf[i]; c = got->count; got->r = got->r / c + .5; got->g = got->g / c + .5; got->b = got->b / c + .5; printf("%2d | %3llu %3llu %3llu (%d pixels)\n", i, got->r, got->g, got->b, got->count); } for (i = 0, pix = im->pix; i < im->w * im->h; i++, pix += 3) color_replace(root, pix); node_free(); free(heap.buf); }
Rewrite this program in C while keeping its functionality equivalent to the Go version.
package main import ( "fmt" "go/ast" "go/parser" "go/token" "io/ioutil" "os" "sort" ) func main() { if len(os.Args) != 2 { fmt.Println("usage ff <go source filename>") return } src, err := ioutil.ReadFile(os.Args[1]) if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return } fs := token.NewFileSet() a, err := parser.ParseFile(fs, os.Args[1], src, 0) if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return } f := fs.File(a.Pos()) m := make(map[string]int) ast.Inspect(a, func(n ast.Node) bool { if ce, ok := n.(*ast.CallExpr); ok { start := f.Offset(ce.Pos()) end := f.Offset(ce.Lparen) m[string(src[start:end])]++ } return true }) cs := make(calls, 0, len(m)) for k, v := range m { cs = append(cs, &call{k, v}) } sort.Sort(cs) for i, c := range cs { fmt.Printf("%-20s %4d\n", c.expr, c.count) if i == 9 { break } } } type call struct { expr string count int } type calls []*call func (c calls) Len() int { return len(c) } func (c calls) Swap(i, j int) { c[i], c[j] = c[j], c[i] } func (c calls) Less(i, j int) bool { return c[i].count > c[j].count }
#define _POSIX_SOURCE #include <ctype.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <errno.h> #include <string.h> #include <stddef.h> #include <sys/mman.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <unistd.h> struct functionInfo { char* name; int timesCalled; char marked; }; void addToList(struct functionInfo** list, struct functionInfo toAdd, \ size_t* numElements, size_t* allocatedSize) { static const char* keywords[32] = {"auto", "break", "case", "char", "const", \ "continue", "default", "do", "double", \ "else", "enum", "extern", "float", "for", \ "goto", "if", "int", "long", "register", \ "return", "short", "signed", "sizeof", \ "static", "struct", "switch", "typedef", \ "union", "unsigned", "void", "volatile", \ "while" }; int i; for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) { if (!strcmp(toAdd.name, keywords[i])) { return; } } if (!*list) { *allocatedSize = 10; *list = calloc(*allocatedSize, sizeof(struct functionInfo)); if (!*list) { printf("Failed to allocate %lu elements of %lu bytes each.\n", \ *allocatedSize, sizeof(struct functionInfo)); abort(); } (*list)[0].name = malloc(strlen(toAdd.name)+1); if (!(*list)[0].name) { printf("Failed to allocate %lu bytes.\n", strlen(toAdd.name)+1); abort(); } strcpy((*list)[0].name, toAdd.name); (*list)[0].timesCalled = 1; (*list)[0].marked = 0; *numElements = 1; } else { char found = 0; unsigned int i; for (i = 0; i < *numElements; i++) { if (!strcmp((*list)[i].name, toAdd.name)) { found = 1; (*list)[i].timesCalled++; break; } } if (!found) { struct functionInfo* newList = calloc((*allocatedSize)+10, \ sizeof(struct functionInfo)); if (!newList) { printf("Failed to allocate %lu elements of %lu bytes each.\n", \ (*allocatedSize)+10, sizeof(struct functionInfo)); abort(); } memcpy(newList, *list, (*allocatedSize)*sizeof(struct functionInfo)); free(*list); *allocatedSize += 10; *list = newList; (*list)[*numElements].name = malloc(strlen(toAdd.name)+1); if (!(*list)[*numElements].name) { printf("Failed to allocate %lu bytes.\n", strlen(toAdd.name)+1); abort(); } strcpy((*list)[*numElements].name, toAdd.name); (*list)[*numElements].timesCalled = 1; (*list)[*numElements].marked = 0; (*numElements)++; } } } void printList(struct functionInfo** list, size_t numElements) { char maxSet = 0; unsigned int i; size_t maxIndex = 0; for (i = 0; i<10; i++) { maxSet = 0; size_t j; for (j = 0; j<numElements; j++) { if (!maxSet || (*list)[j].timesCalled > (*list)[maxIndex].timesCalled) { if (!(*list)[j].marked) { maxSet = 1; maxIndex = j; } } } (*list)[maxIndex].marked = 1; printf("%s() called %d times.\n", (*list)[maxIndex].name, \ (*list)[maxIndex].timesCalled); } } void freeList(struct functionInfo** list, size_t numElements) { size_t i; for (i = 0; i<numElements; i++) { free((*list)[i].name); } free(*list); } char* extractFunctionName(char* readHead) { char* identifier = readHead; if (isalpha(*identifier) || *identifier == '_') { while (isalnum(*identifier) || *identifier == '_') { identifier++; } } char* toParen = identifier; if (toParen == readHead) return NULL; while (isspace(*toParen)) { toParen++; } if (*toParen != '(') return NULL; ptrdiff_t size = (ptrdiff_t)((ptrdiff_t)identifier) \ - ((ptrdiff_t)readHead)+1; char* const name = malloc(size); if (!name) { printf("Failed to allocate %lu bytes.\n", size); abort(); } name[size-1] = '\0'; memcpy(name, readHead, size-1); if (strcmp(name, "")) { return name; } free(name); return NULL; } int main(int argc, char** argv) { int i; for (i = 1; i<argc; i++) { errno = 0; FILE* file = fopen(argv[i], "r"); if (errno || !file) { printf("fopen() failed with error code \"%s\"\n", \ strerror(errno)); abort(); } char comment = 0; #define DOUBLEQUOTE 1 #define SINGLEQUOTE 2 int string = 0; struct functionInfo* functions = NULL; struct functionInfo toAdd; size_t numElements = 0; size_t allocatedSize = 0; struct stat metaData; errno = 0; if (fstat(fileno(file), &metaData) < 0) { printf("fstat() returned error \"%s\"\n", strerror(errno)); abort(); } char* mmappedSource = (char*)mmap(NULL, metaData.st_size, PROT_READ, \ MAP_PRIVATE, fileno(file), 0); if (errno) { printf("mmap() failed with error \"%s\"\n", strerror(errno)); abort(); } if (!mmappedSource) { printf("mmap() returned NULL.\n"); abort(); } char* readHead = mmappedSource; while (readHead < mmappedSource + metaData.st_size) { while (*readHead) { if (!string) { if (*readHead == '/' && !strncmp(readHead, "", 2)) { comment = 0; } } if (!comment) { if (*readHead == '"') { if (!string) { string = DOUBLEQUOTE; } else if (string == DOUBLEQUOTE) { if (strncmp((readHead-1), "\\\"", 2)) { string = 0; } } } if (*readHead == '\'') { if (!string) { string = SINGLEQUOTE; } else if (string == SINGLEQUOTE) { if (strncmp((readHead-1), "\\\'", 2)) { string = 0; } } } } if (!comment && !string) { char* name = extractFunctionName(readHead); if (name) { toAdd.name = name; addToList(&functions, toAdd, &numElements, &allocatedSize); readHead += strlen(name); } free(name); } readHead++; } } errno = 0; munmap(mmappedSource, metaData.st_size); if (errno) { printf("munmap() returned error \"%s\"\n", strerror(errno)); abort(); } errno = 0; fclose(file); if (errno) { printf("fclose() returned error \"%s\"\n", strerror(errno)); abort(); } printList(&functions, numElements); freeList(&functions, numElements); } return 0; }
Can you help me rewrite this code in C instead of Go, keeping it the same logically?
package main import ( "fmt" "go/ast" "go/parser" "go/token" "io/ioutil" "os" "sort" ) func main() { if len(os.Args) != 2 { fmt.Println("usage ff <go source filename>") return } src, err := ioutil.ReadFile(os.Args[1]) if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return } fs := token.NewFileSet() a, err := parser.ParseFile(fs, os.Args[1], src, 0) if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return } f := fs.File(a.Pos()) m := make(map[string]int) ast.Inspect(a, func(n ast.Node) bool { if ce, ok := n.(*ast.CallExpr); ok { start := f.Offset(ce.Pos()) end := f.Offset(ce.Lparen) m[string(src[start:end])]++ } return true }) cs := make(calls, 0, len(m)) for k, v := range m { cs = append(cs, &call{k, v}) } sort.Sort(cs) for i, c := range cs { fmt.Printf("%-20s %4d\n", c.expr, c.count) if i == 9 { break } } } type call struct { expr string count int } type calls []*call func (c calls) Len() int { return len(c) } func (c calls) Swap(i, j int) { c[i], c[j] = c[j], c[i] } func (c calls) Less(i, j int) bool { return c[i].count > c[j].count }
#define _POSIX_SOURCE #include <ctype.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <errno.h> #include <string.h> #include <stddef.h> #include <sys/mman.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <unistd.h> struct functionInfo { char* name; int timesCalled; char marked; }; void addToList(struct functionInfo** list, struct functionInfo toAdd, \ size_t* numElements, size_t* allocatedSize) { static const char* keywords[32] = {"auto", "break", "case", "char", "const", \ "continue", "default", "do", "double", \ "else", "enum", "extern", "float", "for", \ "goto", "if", "int", "long", "register", \ "return", "short", "signed", "sizeof", \ "static", "struct", "switch", "typedef", \ "union", "unsigned", "void", "volatile", \ "while" }; int i; for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) { if (!strcmp(toAdd.name, keywords[i])) { return; } } if (!*list) { *allocatedSize = 10; *list = calloc(*allocatedSize, sizeof(struct functionInfo)); if (!*list) { printf("Failed to allocate %lu elements of %lu bytes each.\n", \ *allocatedSize, sizeof(struct functionInfo)); abort(); } (*list)[0].name = malloc(strlen(toAdd.name)+1); if (!(*list)[0].name) { printf("Failed to allocate %lu bytes.\n", strlen(toAdd.name)+1); abort(); } strcpy((*list)[0].name, toAdd.name); (*list)[0].timesCalled = 1; (*list)[0].marked = 0; *numElements = 1; } else { char found = 0; unsigned int i; for (i = 0; i < *numElements; i++) { if (!strcmp((*list)[i].name, toAdd.name)) { found = 1; (*list)[i].timesCalled++; break; } } if (!found) { struct functionInfo* newList = calloc((*allocatedSize)+10, \ sizeof(struct functionInfo)); if (!newList) { printf("Failed to allocate %lu elements of %lu bytes each.\n", \ (*allocatedSize)+10, sizeof(struct functionInfo)); abort(); } memcpy(newList, *list, (*allocatedSize)*sizeof(struct functionInfo)); free(*list); *allocatedSize += 10; *list = newList; (*list)[*numElements].name = malloc(strlen(toAdd.name)+1); if (!(*list)[*numElements].name) { printf("Failed to allocate %lu bytes.\n", strlen(toAdd.name)+1); abort(); } strcpy((*list)[*numElements].name, toAdd.name); (*list)[*numElements].timesCalled = 1; (*list)[*numElements].marked = 0; (*numElements)++; } } } void printList(struct functionInfo** list, size_t numElements) { char maxSet = 0; unsigned int i; size_t maxIndex = 0; for (i = 0; i<10; i++) { maxSet = 0; size_t j; for (j = 0; j<numElements; j++) { if (!maxSet || (*list)[j].timesCalled > (*list)[maxIndex].timesCalled) { if (!(*list)[j].marked) { maxSet = 1; maxIndex = j; } } } (*list)[maxIndex].marked = 1; printf("%s() called %d times.\n", (*list)[maxIndex].name, \ (*list)[maxIndex].timesCalled); } } void freeList(struct functionInfo** list, size_t numElements) { size_t i; for (i = 0; i<numElements; i++) { free((*list)[i].name); } free(*list); } char* extractFunctionName(char* readHead) { char* identifier = readHead; if (isalpha(*identifier) || *identifier == '_') { while (isalnum(*identifier) || *identifier == '_') { identifier++; } } char* toParen = identifier; if (toParen == readHead) return NULL; while (isspace(*toParen)) { toParen++; } if (*toParen != '(') return NULL; ptrdiff_t size = (ptrdiff_t)((ptrdiff_t)identifier) \ - ((ptrdiff_t)readHead)+1; char* const name = malloc(size); if (!name) { printf("Failed to allocate %lu bytes.\n", size); abort(); } name[size-1] = '\0'; memcpy(name, readHead, size-1); if (strcmp(name, "")) { return name; } free(name); return NULL; } int main(int argc, char** argv) { int i; for (i = 1; i<argc; i++) { errno = 0; FILE* file = fopen(argv[i], "r"); if (errno || !file) { printf("fopen() failed with error code \"%s\"\n", \ strerror(errno)); abort(); } char comment = 0; #define DOUBLEQUOTE 1 #define SINGLEQUOTE 2 int string = 0; struct functionInfo* functions = NULL; struct functionInfo toAdd; size_t numElements = 0; size_t allocatedSize = 0; struct stat metaData; errno = 0; if (fstat(fileno(file), &metaData) < 0) { printf("fstat() returned error \"%s\"\n", strerror(errno)); abort(); } char* mmappedSource = (char*)mmap(NULL, metaData.st_size, PROT_READ, \ MAP_PRIVATE, fileno(file), 0); if (errno) { printf("mmap() failed with error \"%s\"\n", strerror(errno)); abort(); } if (!mmappedSource) { printf("mmap() returned NULL.\n"); abort(); } char* readHead = mmappedSource; while (readHead < mmappedSource + metaData.st_size) { while (*readHead) { if (!string) { if (*readHead == '/' && !strncmp(readHead, "", 2)) { comment = 0; } } if (!comment) { if (*readHead == '"') { if (!string) { string = DOUBLEQUOTE; } else if (string == DOUBLEQUOTE) { if (strncmp((readHead-1), "\\\"", 2)) { string = 0; } } } if (*readHead == '\'') { if (!string) { string = SINGLEQUOTE; } else if (string == SINGLEQUOTE) { if (strncmp((readHead-1), "\\\'", 2)) { string = 0; } } } } if (!comment && !string) { char* name = extractFunctionName(readHead); if (name) { toAdd.name = name; addToList(&functions, toAdd, &numElements, &allocatedSize); readHead += strlen(name); } free(name); } readHead++; } } errno = 0; munmap(mmappedSource, metaData.st_size); if (errno) { printf("munmap() returned error \"%s\"\n", strerror(errno)); abort(); } errno = 0; fclose(file); if (errno) { printf("fclose() returned error \"%s\"\n", strerror(errno)); abort(); } printList(&functions, numElements); freeList(&functions, numElements); } return 0; }
Produce a functionally identical C code for the snippet given in Go.
var i int var u rune for i, u = range "voilà" { fmt.Println(i, u) }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <locale.h> wchar_t poker[] = L"♥♦♣♠"; wchar_t four_two[] = L"\x56db\x5341\x4e8c"; int main() { if (!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "")) { fprintf(stderr, "Locale failure, check your env vars\n"); return 1; } #ifdef __STDC_ISO_10646__ printf("%lc\n", 0x2708); printf("%ls\n", poker); printf("%ls\n", four_two); #else printf("airplane\n"); printf("club diamond club spade\n"); printf("for ty two\n"); #endif return 0; }
Write the same algorithm in C as shown in this Go implementation.
var i int var u rune for i, u = range "voilà" { fmt.Println(i, u) }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <locale.h> wchar_t poker[] = L"♥♦♣♠"; wchar_t four_two[] = L"\x56db\x5341\x4e8c"; int main() { if (!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "")) { fprintf(stderr, "Locale failure, check your env vars\n"); return 1; } #ifdef __STDC_ISO_10646__ printf("%lc\n", 0x2708); printf("%ls\n", poker); printf("%ls\n", four_two); #else printf("airplane\n"); printf("club diamond club spade\n"); printf("for ty two\n"); #endif return 0; }
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in C.
package main import ( "log" "os/exec" "raster" ) func main() { c := exec.Command("convert", "Unfilledcirc.png", "-depth", "1", "ppm:-") pipe, err := c.StdoutPipe() if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } if err = c.Start(); err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } b, err := raster.ReadPpmFrom(pipe) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } if err = b.WritePpmFile("Unfilledcirc.ppm"); err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } }
image read_image(const char *name);
Write the same algorithm in C as shown in this Go implementation.
package main import ( "fmt" "html/template" "log" "os" "os/exec" "strings" "time" ) type row struct { Address, Street, House, Color string } func isDigit(b byte) bool { return '0' <= b && b <= '9' } func separateHouseNumber(address string) (street string, house string) { length := len(address) fields := strings.Fields(address) size := len(fields) last := fields[size-1] penult := fields[size-2] if isDigit(last[0]) { isdig := isDigit(penult[0]) if size > 2 && isdig && !strings.HasPrefix(penult, "194") { house = fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", penult, last) } else { house = last } } else if size > 2 { house = fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", penult, last) } street = strings.TrimRight(address[:length-len(house)], " ") return } func check(err error) { if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } } var tmpl = ` <head> <title>Rosetta Code - Start a Web Browser</title> <meta charset="UTF-8"> </head> <body bgcolor="#d8dcd6"> <table border="2"> <p align="center"> <font face="Arial, sans-serif" size="5">Split the house number from the street name</font> <tr bgcolor="#02ccfe"><th>Address</th><th>Street</th><th>House Number</th></tr> {{range $row := .}} <tr bgcolor={{$row.Color}}> <td>{{$row.Address}}</td> <td>{{$row.Street}}</td> <td>{{$row.House}}</td> </tr> {{end}} </p> </table> </body> ` func main() { addresses := []string{ "Plataanstraat 5", "Straat 12", "Straat 12 II", "Dr. J. Straat 12", "Dr. J. Straat 12 a", "Dr. J. Straat 12-14", "Laan 1940 - 1945 37", "Plein 1940 2", "1213-laan 11", "16 april 1944 Pad 1", "1e Kruisweg 36", "Laan 1940-'45 66", "Laan '40-'45", "Langeloërduinen 3 46", "Marienwaerdt 2e Dreef 2", "Provincialeweg N205 1", "Rivium 2e Straat 59.", "Nieuwe gracht 20rd", "Nieuwe gracht 20rd 2", "Nieuwe gracht 20zw /2", "Nieuwe gracht 20zw/3", "Nieuwe gracht 20 zw/4", "Bahnhofstr. 4", "Wertstr. 10", "Lindenhof 1", "Nordesch 20", "Weilstr. 6", "Harthauer Weg 2", "Mainaustr. 49", "August-Horch-Str. 3", "Marktplatz 31", "Schmidener Weg 3", "Karl-Weysser-Str. 6", } browser := "firefox" colors := [2]string{"#d7fffe", "#9dbcd4"} fileName := "addresses_table.html" ct := template.Must(template.New("").Parse(tmpl)) file, err := os.Create(fileName) check(err) rows := make([]row, len(addresses)) for i, address := range addresses { street, house := separateHouseNumber(address) if house == "" { house = "(none)" } color := colors[i%2] rows[i] = row{address, street, house, color} } err = ct.Execute(file, rows) check(err) cmd := exec.Command(browser, fileName) err = cmd.Run() check(err) file.Close() time.Sleep(5 * time.Second) err = os.Remove(fileName) check(err) }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include "wren.h" void C_fileAllocate(WrenVM* vm) { FILE** pfp = (FILE**)wrenSetSlotNewForeign(vm, 0, 0, sizeof(FILE*)); const char *filename = wrenGetSlotString(vm, 1); const char *mode = wrenGetSlotString(vm, 2); *pfp = fopen(filename, mode); } void C_write(WrenVM* vm) { FILE* fp = *(FILE**)wrenGetSlotForeign(vm, 0); const char *s = wrenGetSlotString(vm, 1); fputs(s, fp); } void C_close(WrenVM* vm) { FILE* fp = *(FILE**)wrenGetSlotForeign(vm, 0); fclose(fp); } void C_remove(WrenVM* vm) { const char *filename = wrenGetSlotString(vm, 1); remove(filename); } void C_flushAll(WrenVM* vm) { fflush(NULL); } void C_system(WrenVM* vm) { const char *s = wrenGetSlotString(vm, 1); system(s); } void C_sleep(WrenVM* vm) { int seconds = (int)wrenGetSlotDouble(vm, 1); sleep(seconds); } WrenForeignClassMethods bindForeignClass(WrenVM* vm, const char* module, const char* className) { WrenForeignClassMethods methods; methods.allocate = NULL; methods.finalize = NULL; if (strcmp(module, "main") == 0) { if (strcmp(className, "File") == 0) { methods.allocate = C_fileAllocate; } } return methods; } WrenForeignMethodFn bindForeignMethod( WrenVM* vm, const char* module, const char* className, bool isStatic, const char* signature) { if (strcmp(module, "main") == 0) { if (strcmp(className, "File") == 0) { if (!isStatic && strcmp(signature, "write(_)") == 0) return C_write; if (!isStatic && strcmp(signature, "close()") == 0) return C_close; if ( isStatic && strcmp(signature, "remove(_)") == 0) return C_remove; if ( isStatic && strcmp(signature, "flushAll()") == 0) return C_flushAll; } else if (strcmp(className, "C") == 0) { if ( isStatic && strcmp(signature, "system(_)") == 0) return C_system; if ( isStatic && strcmp(signature, "sleep(_)") == 0) return C_sleep; } } return NULL; } static void writeFn(WrenVM* vm, const char* text) { printf("%s", text); } void errorFn(WrenVM* vm, WrenErrorType errorType, const char* module, const int line, const char* msg) { switch (errorType) { case WREN_ERROR_COMPILE: printf("[%s line %d] [Error] %s\n", module, line, msg); break; case WREN_ERROR_STACK_TRACE: printf("[%s line %d] in %s\n", module, line, msg); break; case WREN_ERROR_RUNTIME: printf("[Runtime Error] %s\n", msg); break; } } char *readFile(const char *fileName) { FILE *f = fopen(fileName, "r"); fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END); long fsize = ftell(f); rewind(f); char *script = malloc(fsize + 1); fread(script, 1, fsize, f); fclose(f); script[fsize] = 0; return script; } static void loadModuleComplete(WrenVM* vm, const char* module, WrenLoadModuleResult result) { if( result.source) free((void*)result.source); } WrenLoadModuleResult loadModule(WrenVM* vm, const char* name) { WrenLoadModuleResult result = {0}; if (strcmp(name, "random") != 0 && strcmp(name, "meta") != 0) { result.onComplete = loadModuleComplete; char fullName[strlen(name) + 6]; strcpy(fullName, name); strcat(fullName, ".wren"); result.source = readFile(fullName); } return result; } int main(int argc, char **argv) { WrenConfiguration config; wrenInitConfiguration(&config); config.writeFn = &writeFn; config.errorFn = &errorFn; config.bindForeignClassFn = &bindForeignClass; config.bindForeignMethodFn = &bindForeignMethod; config.loadModuleFn = &loadModule; WrenVM* vm = wrenNewVM(&config); const char* module = "main"; const char* fileName = "starting_web_browser.wren"; char *script = readFile(fileName); WrenInterpretResult result = wrenInterpret(vm, module, script); switch (result) { case WREN_RESULT_COMPILE_ERROR: printf("Compile Error!\n"); break; case WREN_RESULT_RUNTIME_ERROR: printf("Runtime Error!\n"); break; case WREN_RESULT_SUCCESS: break; } wrenFreeVM(vm); free(script); return 0; }
Please provide an equivalent version of this Go code in C.
package main import "fmt" type rs232p9 uint16 const ( CD9 rs232p9 = 1 << iota RD9 TD9 DTR9 SG9 DSR9 RTS9 CTS9 RI9 ) func main() { p := RI9 | TD9 | CD9 fmt.Printf("Type=%T value=%#04x\n", p, p) }
struct RS232_data { unsigned carrier_detect : 1; unsigned received_data : 1; unsigned transmitted_data : 1; unsigned data_terminal_ready : 1; unsigned signal_ground : 1; unsigned data_set_ready : 1; unsigned request_to_send : 1; unsigned clear_to_send : 1; unsigned ring_indicator : 1; };
Port the provided Go code into C while preserving the original functionality.
package main import ( "fmt" "rcu" ) func main() { primes := rcu.Primes(999) sum := 0 fmt.Println(" i p[i] Σp[i]") fmt.Println("----------------") for i := 0; i < len(primes); i += 2 { sum += primes[i] if rcu.IsPrime(sum) { fmt.Printf("%3d %3d %6s\n", i+1, primes[i], rcu.Commatize(sum)) } } }
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> int isprime( int p ) { int i; if(p==2) return 1; if(!(p%2)) return 0; for(i=3; i*i<=p; i+=2) { if(!(p%i)) return 0; } return 1; } int main( void ) { int s=0, p, i=1; for(p=2;p<=999;p++) { if(isprime(p)) { if(i%2) { s+=p; if(isprime(s)) printf( "%d %d %d\n", i, p, s ); } i+=1; } } return 0; }
Write a version of this Go function in C with identical behavior.
package main import ( "fmt" "rcu" ) func main() { primes := rcu.Primes(999) sum := 0 fmt.Println(" i p[i] Σp[i]") fmt.Println("----------------") for i := 0; i < len(primes); i += 2 { sum += primes[i] if rcu.IsPrime(sum) { fmt.Printf("%3d %3d %6s\n", i+1, primes[i], rcu.Commatize(sum)) } } }
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> int isprime( int p ) { int i; if(p==2) return 1; if(!(p%2)) return 0; for(i=3; i*i<=p; i+=2) { if(!(p%i)) return 0; } return 1; } int main( void ) { int s=0, p, i=1; for(p=2;p<=999;p++) { if(isprime(p)) { if(i%2) { s+=p; if(isprime(s)) printf( "%d %d %d\n", i, p, s ); } i+=1; } } return 0; }
Please provide an equivalent version of this Go code in C.
package main import ( "fmt" "rcu" ) func main() { primes := rcu.Primes(999) sum := 0 fmt.Println(" i p[i] Σp[i]") fmt.Println("----------------") for i := 0; i < len(primes); i += 2 { sum += primes[i] if rcu.IsPrime(sum) { fmt.Printf("%3d %3d %6s\n", i+1, primes[i], rcu.Commatize(sum)) } } }
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> int isprime( int p ) { int i; if(p==2) return 1; if(!(p%2)) return 0; for(i=3; i*i<=p; i+=2) { if(!(p%i)) return 0; } return 1; } int main( void ) { int s=0, p, i=1; for(p=2;p<=999;p++) { if(isprime(p)) { if(i%2) { s+=p; if(isprime(s)) printf( "%d %d %d\n", i, p, s ); } i+=1; } } return 0; }
Translate the given Go code snippet into C without altering its behavior.
package main import ( "fmt" "math" "rcu" ) func main() { limit := int(math.Log(1e7) * 1e7 * 1.2) primes := rcu.Primes(limit) fmt.Println("The first 20 pairs of natural numbers whose sum is prime are:") for i := 1; i <= 20; i++ { p := primes[i] hp := p / 2 fmt.Printf("%2d + %2d = %2d\n", hp, hp+1, p) } fmt.Println("\nThe 10 millionth such pair is:") p := primes[1e7] hp := p / 2 fmt.Printf("%2d + %2d = %2d\n", hp, hp+1, p) }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <math.h> #define TRUE 1 #define FALSE 0 typedef int bool; void primeSieve(int *c, int limit, bool processEven, bool primesOnly) { int i, ix, p, p2; limit++; c[0] = TRUE; c[1] = TRUE; if (processEven) { for (i = 4; i < limit; i +=2) c[i] = TRUE; } p = 3; while (TRUE) { p2 = p * p; if (p2 >= limit) break; for (i = p2; i < limit; i += 2*p) c[i] = TRUE; while (TRUE) { p += 2; if (!c[p]) break; } } if (primesOnly) { c[0] = 2; for (i = 3, ix = 1; i < limit; i += 2) { if (!c[i]) c[ix++] = i; } } } int main() { int i, p, hp, n = 10000000; int limit = (int)(log(n) * (double)n * 1.2); int *primes = (int *)calloc(limit, sizeof(int)); primeSieve(primes, limit-1, FALSE, TRUE); printf("The first 20 pairs of natural numbers whose sum is prime are:\n"); for (i = 1; i <= 20; ++i) { p = primes[i]; hp = p / 2; printf("%2d + %2d = %2d\n", hp, hp+1, p); } printf("\nThe 10 millionth such pair is:\n"); p = primes[n]; hp = p / 2; printf("%2d + %2d = %2d\n", hp, hp+1, p); free(primes); return 0; }
Write the same code in C as shown below in Go.
package main import ( "fmt" "math" ) func isqrt(x uint64) uint64 { x0 := x >> 1 x1 := (x0 + x/x0) >> 1 for x1 < x0 { x0 = x1 x1 = (x0 + x/x0) >> 1 } return x0 } func gcd(x, y uint64) uint64 { for y != 0 { x, y = y, x%y } return x } var multiplier = []uint64{ 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 3 * 5, 3 * 7, 3 * 11, 5 * 7, 5 * 11, 7 * 11, 3 * 5 * 7, 3 * 5 * 11, 3 * 7 * 11, 5 * 7 * 11, 3 * 5 * 7 * 11, } func squfof(N uint64) uint64 { s := uint64(math.Sqrt(float64(N)) + 0.5) if s*s == N { return s } for k := 0; k < len(multiplier) && N <= math.MaxUint64/multiplier[k]; k++ { D := multiplier[k] * N P := isqrt(D) Pprev := P Po := Pprev Qprev := uint64(1) Q := D - Po*Po L := uint32(isqrt(8 * s)) B := 3 * L i := uint32(2) var b, q, r uint64 for ; i < B; i++ { b = uint64((Po + P) / Q) P = b*Q - P q = Q Q = Qprev + b*(Pprev-P) r = uint64(math.Sqrt(float64(Q)) + 0.5) if (i&1) == 0 && r*r == Q { break } Qprev = q Pprev = P } if i >= B { continue } b = uint64((Po - P) / r) P = b*r + P Pprev = P Qprev = r Q = (D - Pprev*Pprev) / Qprev i = 0 for { b = uint64((Po + P) / Q) Pprev = P P = b*Q - P q = Q Q = Qprev + b*(Pprev-P) Qprev = q i++ if P == Pprev { break } } r = gcd(N, Qprev) if r != 1 && r != N { return r } } return 0 } func main() { examples := []uint64{ 2501, 12851, 13289, 75301, 120787, 967009, 997417, 7091569, 13290059, 42854447, 223553581, 2027651281, 11111111111, 100895598169, 1002742628021, 60012462237239, 287129523414791, 9007199254740931, 11111111111111111, 314159265358979323, 384307168202281507, 419244183493398773, 658812288346769681, 922337203685477563, 1000000000000000127, 1152921505680588799, 1537228672809128917, 4611686018427387877, } fmt.Println("Integer Factor Quotient") fmt.Println("------------------------------------------") for _, N := range examples { fact := squfof(N) quot := "fail" if fact > 0 { quot = fmt.Sprintf("%d", N/fact) } fmt.Printf("%-20d %-10d %s\n", N, fact, quot) } }
#include <math.h> #include <stdio.h> #define nelems(x) (sizeof(x) / sizeof((x)[0])) const unsigned long multiplier[] = {1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 3*5, 3*7, 3*11, 5*7, 5*11, 7*11, 3*5*7, 3*5*11, 3*7*11, 5*7*11, 3*5*7*11}; unsigned long long gcd(unsigned long long a, unsigned long long b) { while (b != 0) { a %= b; a ^= b; b ^= a; a ^= b; } return a; } unsigned long long SQUFOF( unsigned long long N ) { unsigned long long D, Po, P, Pprev, Q, Qprev, q, b, r, s; unsigned long L, B, i; s = (unsigned long long)(sqrtl(N)+0.5); if (s*s == N) return s; for (int k = 0; k < nelems(multiplier) && N <= 0xffffffffffffffff/multiplier[k]; k++) { D = multiplier[k]*N; Po = Pprev = P = sqrtl(D); Qprev = 1; Q = D - Po*Po; L = 2 * sqrtl( 2*s ); B = 3 * L; for (i = 2 ; i < B ; i++) { b = (unsigned long long)((Po + P)/Q); P = b*Q - P; q = Q; Q = Qprev + b*(Pprev - P); r = (unsigned long long)(sqrtl(Q)+0.5); if (!(i & 1) && r*r == Q) break; Qprev = q; Pprev = P; }; if (i >= B) continue; b = (unsigned long long)((Po - P)/r); Pprev = P = b*r + P; Qprev = r; Q = (D - Pprev*Pprev)/Qprev; i = 0; do { b = (unsigned long long)((Po + P)/Q); Pprev = P; P = b*Q - P; q = Q; Q = Qprev + b*(Pprev - P); Qprev = q; i++; } while (P != Pprev); r = gcd(N, Qprev); if (r != 1 && r != N) return r; } return 0; } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int i; const unsigned long long data[] = { 2501, 12851, 13289, 75301, 120787, 967009, 997417, 7091569, 13290059, 42854447, 223553581, 2027651281, 11111111111, 100895598169, 1002742628021, 60012462237239, 287129523414791, 9007199254740931, 11111111111111111, 314159265358979323, 384307168202281507, 419244183493398773, 658812288346769681, 922337203685477563, 1000000000000000127, 1152921505680588799, 1537228672809128917, 4611686018427387877}; for(int i = 0; i < nelems(data); i++) { unsigned long long example, factor, quotient; example = data[i]; factor = SQUFOF(example); if(factor == 0) { printf("%llu was not factored.\n", example); } else { quotient = example / factor; printf("Integer %llu has factors %llu and %llu\n", example, factor, quotient); } } }
Change the programming language of this snippet from Go to C without modifying what it does.
package main import ( "fmt" "math" ) func isqrt(x uint64) uint64 { x0 := x >> 1 x1 := (x0 + x/x0) >> 1 for x1 < x0 { x0 = x1 x1 = (x0 + x/x0) >> 1 } return x0 } func gcd(x, y uint64) uint64 { for y != 0 { x, y = y, x%y } return x } var multiplier = []uint64{ 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 3 * 5, 3 * 7, 3 * 11, 5 * 7, 5 * 11, 7 * 11, 3 * 5 * 7, 3 * 5 * 11, 3 * 7 * 11, 5 * 7 * 11, 3 * 5 * 7 * 11, } func squfof(N uint64) uint64 { s := uint64(math.Sqrt(float64(N)) + 0.5) if s*s == N { return s } for k := 0; k < len(multiplier) && N <= math.MaxUint64/multiplier[k]; k++ { D := multiplier[k] * N P := isqrt(D) Pprev := P Po := Pprev Qprev := uint64(1) Q := D - Po*Po L := uint32(isqrt(8 * s)) B := 3 * L i := uint32(2) var b, q, r uint64 for ; i < B; i++ { b = uint64((Po + P) / Q) P = b*Q - P q = Q Q = Qprev + b*(Pprev-P) r = uint64(math.Sqrt(float64(Q)) + 0.5) if (i&1) == 0 && r*r == Q { break } Qprev = q Pprev = P } if i >= B { continue } b = uint64((Po - P) / r) P = b*r + P Pprev = P Qprev = r Q = (D - Pprev*Pprev) / Qprev i = 0 for { b = uint64((Po + P) / Q) Pprev = P P = b*Q - P q = Q Q = Qprev + b*(Pprev-P) Qprev = q i++ if P == Pprev { break } } r = gcd(N, Qprev) if r != 1 && r != N { return r } } return 0 } func main() { examples := []uint64{ 2501, 12851, 13289, 75301, 120787, 967009, 997417, 7091569, 13290059, 42854447, 223553581, 2027651281, 11111111111, 100895598169, 1002742628021, 60012462237239, 287129523414791, 9007199254740931, 11111111111111111, 314159265358979323, 384307168202281507, 419244183493398773, 658812288346769681, 922337203685477563, 1000000000000000127, 1152921505680588799, 1537228672809128917, 4611686018427387877, } fmt.Println("Integer Factor Quotient") fmt.Println("------------------------------------------") for _, N := range examples { fact := squfof(N) quot := "fail" if fact > 0 { quot = fmt.Sprintf("%d", N/fact) } fmt.Printf("%-20d %-10d %s\n", N, fact, quot) } }
#include <math.h> #include <stdio.h> #define nelems(x) (sizeof(x) / sizeof((x)[0])) const unsigned long multiplier[] = {1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 3*5, 3*7, 3*11, 5*7, 5*11, 7*11, 3*5*7, 3*5*11, 3*7*11, 5*7*11, 3*5*7*11}; unsigned long long gcd(unsigned long long a, unsigned long long b) { while (b != 0) { a %= b; a ^= b; b ^= a; a ^= b; } return a; } unsigned long long SQUFOF( unsigned long long N ) { unsigned long long D, Po, P, Pprev, Q, Qprev, q, b, r, s; unsigned long L, B, i; s = (unsigned long long)(sqrtl(N)+0.5); if (s*s == N) return s; for (int k = 0; k < nelems(multiplier) && N <= 0xffffffffffffffff/multiplier[k]; k++) { D = multiplier[k]*N; Po = Pprev = P = sqrtl(D); Qprev = 1; Q = D - Po*Po; L = 2 * sqrtl( 2*s ); B = 3 * L; for (i = 2 ; i < B ; i++) { b = (unsigned long long)((Po + P)/Q); P = b*Q - P; q = Q; Q = Qprev + b*(Pprev - P); r = (unsigned long long)(sqrtl(Q)+0.5); if (!(i & 1) && r*r == Q) break; Qprev = q; Pprev = P; }; if (i >= B) continue; b = (unsigned long long)((Po - P)/r); Pprev = P = b*r + P; Qprev = r; Q = (D - Pprev*Pprev)/Qprev; i = 0; do { b = (unsigned long long)((Po + P)/Q); Pprev = P; P = b*Q - P; q = Q; Q = Qprev + b*(Pprev - P); Qprev = q; i++; } while (P != Pprev); r = gcd(N, Qprev); if (r != 1 && r != N) return r; } return 0; } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int i; const unsigned long long data[] = { 2501, 12851, 13289, 75301, 120787, 967009, 997417, 7091569, 13290059, 42854447, 223553581, 2027651281, 11111111111, 100895598169, 1002742628021, 60012462237239, 287129523414791, 9007199254740931, 11111111111111111, 314159265358979323, 384307168202281507, 419244183493398773, 658812288346769681, 922337203685477563, 1000000000000000127, 1152921505680588799, 1537228672809128917, 4611686018427387877}; for(int i = 0; i < nelems(data); i++) { unsigned long long example, factor, quotient; example = data[i]; factor = SQUFOF(example); if(factor == 0) { printf("%llu was not factored.\n", example); } else { quotient = example / factor; printf("Integer %llu has factors %llu and %llu\n", example, factor, quotient); } } }
Rewrite this program in C while keeping its functionality equivalent to the Go version.
package main import ( "github.com/fogleman/gg" "log" "os/exec" "runtime" ) var palette = [2]string{ "FFFFFF", "000000", } func pinstripe(dc *gg.Context) { w := dc.Width() h := dc.Height() / 7 for b := 1; b <= 11; b++ { for x, ci := 0, 0; x < w; x, ci = x+b, ci+1 { dc.SetHexColor(palette[ci%2]) y := h * (b - 1) dc.DrawRectangle(float64(x), float64(y), float64(b), float64(h)) dc.Fill() } } } func main() { dc := gg.NewContext(842, 595) pinstripe(dc) fileName := "w_pinstripe.png" dc.SavePNG(fileName) var cmd *exec.Cmd if runtime.GOOS == "windows" { cmd = exec.Command("mspaint", "/pt", fileName) } else { cmd = exec.Command("lp", fileName) } if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } }
#include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include "dome.h" static DOME_API_v0* core; static WREN_API_v0* wren; static const char* source = "" "class Printer {\n" "foreign static printFile(name) \n" "} \n"; void C_printFile(WrenVM* vm) { const char *arg = wren->getSlotString(vm, 1); char command[strlen(arg) + 4]; strcpy(command, "lp "); strcat(command, arg); int res = system(command); } DOME_EXPORT DOME_Result PLUGIN_onInit(DOME_getAPIFunction DOME_getAPI, DOME_Context ctx) { core = DOME_getAPI(API_DOME, DOME_API_VERSION); wren = DOME_getAPI(API_WREN, WREN_API_VERSION); core->registerModule(ctx, "printer", source); core->registerClass(ctx, "printer", "Printer", NULL, NULL); core->registerFn(ctx, "printer", "static Printer.printFile(_)", C_printFile); return DOME_RESULT_SUCCESS; } DOME_EXPORT DOME_Result PLUGIN_preUpdate(DOME_Context ctx) { return DOME_RESULT_SUCCESS; } DOME_EXPORT DOME_Result PLUGIN_postUpdate(DOME_Context ctx) { return DOME_RESULT_SUCCESS; } DOME_EXPORT DOME_Result PLUGIN_preDraw(DOME_Context ctx) { return DOME_RESULT_SUCCESS; } DOME_EXPORT DOME_Result PLUGIN_postDraw(DOME_Context ctx) { return DOME_RESULT_SUCCESS; } DOME_EXPORT DOME_Result PLUGIN_onShutdown(DOME_Context ctx) { return DOME_RESULT_SUCCESS; }
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Go to C.
package main import ( "github.com/fogleman/gg" "log" "os/exec" "runtime" ) var palette = [2]string{ "FFFFFF", "000000", } func pinstripe(dc *gg.Context) { w := dc.Width() h := dc.Height() / 7 for b := 1; b <= 11; b++ { for x, ci := 0, 0; x < w; x, ci = x+b, ci+1 { dc.SetHexColor(palette[ci%2]) y := h * (b - 1) dc.DrawRectangle(float64(x), float64(y), float64(b), float64(h)) dc.Fill() } } } func main() { dc := gg.NewContext(842, 595) pinstripe(dc) fileName := "w_pinstripe.png" dc.SavePNG(fileName) var cmd *exec.Cmd if runtime.GOOS == "windows" { cmd = exec.Command("mspaint", "/pt", fileName) } else { cmd = exec.Command("lp", fileName) } if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } }
#include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include "dome.h" static DOME_API_v0* core; static WREN_API_v0* wren; static const char* source = "" "class Printer {\n" "foreign static printFile(name) \n" "} \n"; void C_printFile(WrenVM* vm) { const char *arg = wren->getSlotString(vm, 1); char command[strlen(arg) + 4]; strcpy(command, "lp "); strcat(command, arg); int res = system(command); } DOME_EXPORT DOME_Result PLUGIN_onInit(DOME_getAPIFunction DOME_getAPI, DOME_Context ctx) { core = DOME_getAPI(API_DOME, DOME_API_VERSION); wren = DOME_getAPI(API_WREN, WREN_API_VERSION); core->registerModule(ctx, "printer", source); core->registerClass(ctx, "printer", "Printer", NULL, NULL); core->registerFn(ctx, "printer", "static Printer.printFile(_)", C_printFile); return DOME_RESULT_SUCCESS; } DOME_EXPORT DOME_Result PLUGIN_preUpdate(DOME_Context ctx) { return DOME_RESULT_SUCCESS; } DOME_EXPORT DOME_Result PLUGIN_postUpdate(DOME_Context ctx) { return DOME_RESULT_SUCCESS; } DOME_EXPORT DOME_Result PLUGIN_preDraw(DOME_Context ctx) { return DOME_RESULT_SUCCESS; } DOME_EXPORT DOME_Result PLUGIN_postDraw(DOME_Context ctx) { return DOME_RESULT_SUCCESS; } DOME_EXPORT DOME_Result PLUGIN_onShutdown(DOME_Context ctx) { return DOME_RESULT_SUCCESS; }
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in C.
package main import ( "fmt" "sort" ) type ( Point [3]float64 Face []int Edge struct { pn1 int pn2 int fn1 int fn2 int cp Point } PointEx struct { p Point n int } ) func sumPoint(p1, p2 Point) Point { sp := Point{} for i := 0; i < 3; i++ { sp[i] = p1[i] + p2[i] } return sp } func mulPoint(p Point, m float64) Point { mp := Point{} for i := 0; i < 3; i++ { mp[i] = p[i] * m } return mp } func divPoint(p Point, d float64) Point { return mulPoint(p, 1.0/d) } func centerPoint(p1, p2 Point) Point { return divPoint(sumPoint(p1, p2), 2) } func getFacePoints(inputPoints []Point, inputFaces []Face) []Point { facePoints := make([]Point, len(inputFaces)) for i, currFace := range inputFaces { facePoint := Point{} for _, cpi := range currFace { currPoint := inputPoints[cpi] facePoint = sumPoint(facePoint, currPoint) } facePoint = divPoint(facePoint, float64(len(currFace))) facePoints[i] = facePoint } return facePoints } func getEdgesFaces(inputPoints []Point, inputFaces []Face) []Edge { var edges [][3]int for faceNum, face := range inputFaces { numPoints := len(face) for pointIndex := 0; pointIndex < numPoints; pointIndex++ { pointNum1 := face[pointIndex] var pointNum2 int if pointIndex < numPoints-1 { pointNum2 = face[pointIndex+1] } else { pointNum2 = face[0] } if pointNum1 > pointNum2 { pointNum1, pointNum2 = pointNum2, pointNum1 } edges = append(edges, [3]int{pointNum1, pointNum2, faceNum}) } } sort.Slice(edges, func(i, j int) bool { if edges[i][0] == edges[j][0] { if edges[i][1] == edges[j][1] { return edges[i][2] < edges[j][2] } return edges[i][1] < edges[j][1] } return edges[i][0] < edges[j][0] }) numEdges := len(edges) eIndex := 0 var mergedEdges [][4]int for eIndex < numEdges { e1 := edges[eIndex] if eIndex < numEdges-1 { e2 := edges[eIndex+1] if e1[0] == e2[0] && e1[1] == e2[1] { mergedEdges = append(mergedEdges, [4]int{e1[0], e1[1], e1[2], e2[2]}) eIndex += 2 } else { mergedEdges = append(mergedEdges, [4]int{e1[0], e1[1], e1[2], -1}) eIndex++ } } else { mergedEdges = append(mergedEdges, [4]int{e1[0], e1[1], e1[2], -1}) eIndex++ } } var edgesCenters []Edge for _, me := range mergedEdges { p1 := inputPoints[me[0]] p2 := inputPoints[me[1]] cp := centerPoint(p1, p2) edgesCenters = append(edgesCenters, Edge{me[0], me[1], me[2], me[3], cp}) } return edgesCenters } func getEdgePoints(inputPoints []Point, edgesFaces []Edge, facePoints []Point) []Point { edgePoints := make([]Point, len(edgesFaces)) for i, edge := range edgesFaces { cp := edge.cp fp1 := facePoints[edge.fn1] var fp2 Point if edge.fn2 == -1 { fp2 = fp1 } else { fp2 = facePoints[edge.fn2] } cfp := centerPoint(fp1, fp2) edgePoints[i] = centerPoint(cp, cfp) } return edgePoints } func getAvgFacePoints(inputPoints []Point, inputFaces []Face, facePoints []Point) []Point { numPoints := len(inputPoints) tempPoints := make([]PointEx, numPoints) for faceNum := range inputFaces { fp := facePoints[faceNum] for _, pointNum := range inputFaces[faceNum] { tp := tempPoints[pointNum].p tempPoints[pointNum].p = sumPoint(tp, fp) tempPoints[pointNum].n++ } } avgFacePoints := make([]Point, numPoints) for i, tp := range tempPoints { avgFacePoints[i] = divPoint(tp.p, float64(tp.n)) } return avgFacePoints } func getAvgMidEdges(inputPoints []Point, edgesFaces []Edge) []Point { numPoints := len(inputPoints) tempPoints := make([]PointEx, numPoints) for _, edge := range edgesFaces { cp := edge.cp for _, pointNum := range []int{edge.pn1, edge.pn2} { tp := tempPoints[pointNum].p tempPoints[pointNum].p = sumPoint(tp, cp) tempPoints[pointNum].n++ } } avgMidEdges := make([]Point, len(tempPoints)) for i, tp := range tempPoints { avgMidEdges[i] = divPoint(tp.p, float64(tp.n)) } return avgMidEdges } func getPointsFaces(inputPoints []Point, inputFaces []Face) []int { numPoints := len(inputPoints) pointsFaces := make([]int, numPoints) for faceNum := range inputFaces { for _, pointNum := range inputFaces[faceNum] { pointsFaces[pointNum]++ } } return pointsFaces } func getNewPoints(inputPoints []Point, pointsFaces []int, avgFacePoints, avgMidEdges []Point) []Point { newPoints := make([]Point, len(inputPoints)) for pointNum := range inputPoints { n := float64(pointsFaces[pointNum]) m1, m2, m3 := (n-3)/n, 1.0/n, 2.0/n oldCoords := inputPoints[pointNum] p1 := mulPoint(oldCoords, m1) afp := avgFacePoints[pointNum] p2 := mulPoint(afp, m2) ame := avgMidEdges[pointNum] p3 := mulPoint(ame, m3) p4 := sumPoint(p1, p2) newPoints[pointNum] = sumPoint(p4, p3) } return newPoints } func switchNums(pointNums [2]int) [2]int { if pointNums[0] < pointNums[1] { return pointNums } return [2]int{pointNums[1], pointNums[0]} } func cmcSubdiv(inputPoints []Point, inputFaces []Face) ([]Point, []Face) { facePoints := getFacePoints(inputPoints, inputFaces) edgesFaces := getEdgesFaces(inputPoints, inputFaces) edgePoints := getEdgePoints(inputPoints, edgesFaces, facePoints) avgFacePoints := getAvgFacePoints(inputPoints, inputFaces, facePoints) avgMidEdges := getAvgMidEdges(inputPoints, edgesFaces) pointsFaces := getPointsFaces(inputPoints, inputFaces) newPoints := getNewPoints(inputPoints, pointsFaces, avgFacePoints, avgMidEdges) var facePointNums []int nextPointNum := len(newPoints) for _, facePoint := range facePoints { newPoints = append(newPoints, facePoint) facePointNums = append(facePointNums, nextPointNum) nextPointNum++ } edgePointNums := make(map[[2]int]int) for edgeNum := range edgesFaces { pointNum1 := edgesFaces[edgeNum].pn1 pointNum2 := edgesFaces[edgeNum].pn2 edgePoint := edgePoints[edgeNum] newPoints = append(newPoints, edgePoint) edgePointNums[[2]int{pointNum1, pointNum2}] = nextPointNum nextPointNum++ } var newFaces []Face for oldFaceNum, oldFace := range inputFaces { if len(oldFace) == 4 { a, b, c, d := oldFace[0], oldFace[1], oldFace[2], oldFace[3] facePointAbcd := facePointNums[oldFaceNum] edgePointAb := edgePointNums[switchNums([2]int{a, b})] edgePointDa := edgePointNums[switchNums([2]int{d, a})] edgePointBc := edgePointNums[switchNums([2]int{b, c})] edgePointCd := edgePointNums[switchNums([2]int{c, d})] newFaces = append(newFaces, Face{a, edgePointAb, facePointAbcd, edgePointDa}) newFaces = append(newFaces, Face{b, edgePointBc, facePointAbcd, edgePointAb}) newFaces = append(newFaces, Face{c, edgePointCd, facePointAbcd, edgePointBc}) newFaces = append(newFaces, Face{d, edgePointDa, facePointAbcd, edgePointCd}) } } return newPoints, newFaces } func main() { inputPoints := []Point{ {-1.0, 1.0, 1.0}, {-1.0, -1.0, 1.0}, {1.0, -1.0, 1.0}, {1.0, 1.0, 1.0}, {1.0, -1.0, -1.0}, {1.0, 1.0, -1.0}, {-1.0, -1.0, -1.0}, {-1.0, 1.0, -1.0}, } inputFaces := []Face{ {0, 1, 2, 3}, {3, 2, 4, 5}, {5, 4, 6, 7}, {7, 0, 3, 5}, {7, 6, 1, 0}, {6, 1, 2, 4}, } outputPoints := make([]Point, len(inputPoints)) outputFaces := make([]Face, len(inputFaces)) copy(outputPoints, inputPoints) copy(outputFaces, inputFaces) iterations := 1 for i := 0; i < iterations; i++ { outputPoints, outputFaces = cmcSubdiv(outputPoints, outputFaces) } for _, p := range outputPoints { fmt.Printf("% .4f\n", p) } fmt.Println() for _, f := range outputFaces { fmt.Printf("%2d\n", f) } }
vertex face_point(face f) { int i; vertex v; if (!f->avg) { f->avg = vertex_new(); foreach(i, v, f->v) if (!i) f->avg->pos = v->pos; else vadd(f->avg->pos, v->pos); vdiv(f->avg->pos, len(f->v)); } return f->avg; } #define hole_edge(e) (len(e->f)==1) vertex edge_point(edge e) { int i; face f; if (!e->e_pt) { e->e_pt = vertex_new(); e->avg = e->v[0]->pos; vadd(e->avg, e->v[1]->pos); e->e_pt->pos = e->avg; if (!hole_edge(e)) { foreach (i, f, e->f) vadd(e->e_pt->pos, face_point(f)->pos); vdiv(e->e_pt->pos, 4); } else vdiv(e->e_pt->pos, 2); vdiv(e->avg, 2); } return e->e_pt; } #define hole_vertex(v) (len((v)->f) != len((v)->e)) vertex updated_point(vertex v) { int i, n = 0; edge e; face f; coord_t sum = {0, 0, 0}; if (v->v_new) return v->v_new; v->v_new = vertex_new(); if (hole_vertex(v)) { v->v_new->pos = v->pos; foreach(i, e, v->e) { if (!hole_edge(e)) continue; vadd(v->v_new->pos, edge_point(e)->pos); n++; } vdiv(v->v_new->pos, n + 1); } else { n = len(v->f); foreach(i, f, v->f) vadd(sum, face_point(f)->pos); foreach(i, e, v->e) vmadd(sum, edge_point(e)->pos, 2, sum); vdiv(sum, n); vmadd(sum, v->pos, n - 3, sum); vdiv(sum, n); v->v_new->pos = sum; } return v->v_new; } model catmull(model m) { int i, j, a, b, c, d; face f; vertex v, x; model nm = model_new(); foreach (i, f, m->f) { foreach(j, v, f->v) { _get_idx(a, updated_point(v)); _get_idx(b, edge_point(elem(f->e, (j + 1) % len(f->e)))); _get_idx(c, face_point(f)); _get_idx(d, edge_point(elem(f->e, j))); model_add_face(nm, 4, a, b, c, d); } } return nm; }
Write a version of this Go function in C with identical behavior.
package main import ( "fmt" "sort" ) type ( Point [3]float64 Face []int Edge struct { pn1 int pn2 int fn1 int fn2 int cp Point } PointEx struct { p Point n int } ) func sumPoint(p1, p2 Point) Point { sp := Point{} for i := 0; i < 3; i++ { sp[i] = p1[i] + p2[i] } return sp } func mulPoint(p Point, m float64) Point { mp := Point{} for i := 0; i < 3; i++ { mp[i] = p[i] * m } return mp } func divPoint(p Point, d float64) Point { return mulPoint(p, 1.0/d) } func centerPoint(p1, p2 Point) Point { return divPoint(sumPoint(p1, p2), 2) } func getFacePoints(inputPoints []Point, inputFaces []Face) []Point { facePoints := make([]Point, len(inputFaces)) for i, currFace := range inputFaces { facePoint := Point{} for _, cpi := range currFace { currPoint := inputPoints[cpi] facePoint = sumPoint(facePoint, currPoint) } facePoint = divPoint(facePoint, float64(len(currFace))) facePoints[i] = facePoint } return facePoints } func getEdgesFaces(inputPoints []Point, inputFaces []Face) []Edge { var edges [][3]int for faceNum, face := range inputFaces { numPoints := len(face) for pointIndex := 0; pointIndex < numPoints; pointIndex++ { pointNum1 := face[pointIndex] var pointNum2 int if pointIndex < numPoints-1 { pointNum2 = face[pointIndex+1] } else { pointNum2 = face[0] } if pointNum1 > pointNum2 { pointNum1, pointNum2 = pointNum2, pointNum1 } edges = append(edges, [3]int{pointNum1, pointNum2, faceNum}) } } sort.Slice(edges, func(i, j int) bool { if edges[i][0] == edges[j][0] { if edges[i][1] == edges[j][1] { return edges[i][2] < edges[j][2] } return edges[i][1] < edges[j][1] } return edges[i][0] < edges[j][0] }) numEdges := len(edges) eIndex := 0 var mergedEdges [][4]int for eIndex < numEdges { e1 := edges[eIndex] if eIndex < numEdges-1 { e2 := edges[eIndex+1] if e1[0] == e2[0] && e1[1] == e2[1] { mergedEdges = append(mergedEdges, [4]int{e1[0], e1[1], e1[2], e2[2]}) eIndex += 2 } else { mergedEdges = append(mergedEdges, [4]int{e1[0], e1[1], e1[2], -1}) eIndex++ } } else { mergedEdges = append(mergedEdges, [4]int{e1[0], e1[1], e1[2], -1}) eIndex++ } } var edgesCenters []Edge for _, me := range mergedEdges { p1 := inputPoints[me[0]] p2 := inputPoints[me[1]] cp := centerPoint(p1, p2) edgesCenters = append(edgesCenters, Edge{me[0], me[1], me[2], me[3], cp}) } return edgesCenters } func getEdgePoints(inputPoints []Point, edgesFaces []Edge, facePoints []Point) []Point { edgePoints := make([]Point, len(edgesFaces)) for i, edge := range edgesFaces { cp := edge.cp fp1 := facePoints[edge.fn1] var fp2 Point if edge.fn2 == -1 { fp2 = fp1 } else { fp2 = facePoints[edge.fn2] } cfp := centerPoint(fp1, fp2) edgePoints[i] = centerPoint(cp, cfp) } return edgePoints } func getAvgFacePoints(inputPoints []Point, inputFaces []Face, facePoints []Point) []Point { numPoints := len(inputPoints) tempPoints := make([]PointEx, numPoints) for faceNum := range inputFaces { fp := facePoints[faceNum] for _, pointNum := range inputFaces[faceNum] { tp := tempPoints[pointNum].p tempPoints[pointNum].p = sumPoint(tp, fp) tempPoints[pointNum].n++ } } avgFacePoints := make([]Point, numPoints) for i, tp := range tempPoints { avgFacePoints[i] = divPoint(tp.p, float64(tp.n)) } return avgFacePoints } func getAvgMidEdges(inputPoints []Point, edgesFaces []Edge) []Point { numPoints := len(inputPoints) tempPoints := make([]PointEx, numPoints) for _, edge := range edgesFaces { cp := edge.cp for _, pointNum := range []int{edge.pn1, edge.pn2} { tp := tempPoints[pointNum].p tempPoints[pointNum].p = sumPoint(tp, cp) tempPoints[pointNum].n++ } } avgMidEdges := make([]Point, len(tempPoints)) for i, tp := range tempPoints { avgMidEdges[i] = divPoint(tp.p, float64(tp.n)) } return avgMidEdges } func getPointsFaces(inputPoints []Point, inputFaces []Face) []int { numPoints := len(inputPoints) pointsFaces := make([]int, numPoints) for faceNum := range inputFaces { for _, pointNum := range inputFaces[faceNum] { pointsFaces[pointNum]++ } } return pointsFaces } func getNewPoints(inputPoints []Point, pointsFaces []int, avgFacePoints, avgMidEdges []Point) []Point { newPoints := make([]Point, len(inputPoints)) for pointNum := range inputPoints { n := float64(pointsFaces[pointNum]) m1, m2, m3 := (n-3)/n, 1.0/n, 2.0/n oldCoords := inputPoints[pointNum] p1 := mulPoint(oldCoords, m1) afp := avgFacePoints[pointNum] p2 := mulPoint(afp, m2) ame := avgMidEdges[pointNum] p3 := mulPoint(ame, m3) p4 := sumPoint(p1, p2) newPoints[pointNum] = sumPoint(p4, p3) } return newPoints } func switchNums(pointNums [2]int) [2]int { if pointNums[0] < pointNums[1] { return pointNums } return [2]int{pointNums[1], pointNums[0]} } func cmcSubdiv(inputPoints []Point, inputFaces []Face) ([]Point, []Face) { facePoints := getFacePoints(inputPoints, inputFaces) edgesFaces := getEdgesFaces(inputPoints, inputFaces) edgePoints := getEdgePoints(inputPoints, edgesFaces, facePoints) avgFacePoints := getAvgFacePoints(inputPoints, inputFaces, facePoints) avgMidEdges := getAvgMidEdges(inputPoints, edgesFaces) pointsFaces := getPointsFaces(inputPoints, inputFaces) newPoints := getNewPoints(inputPoints, pointsFaces, avgFacePoints, avgMidEdges) var facePointNums []int nextPointNum := len(newPoints) for _, facePoint := range facePoints { newPoints = append(newPoints, facePoint) facePointNums = append(facePointNums, nextPointNum) nextPointNum++ } edgePointNums := make(map[[2]int]int) for edgeNum := range edgesFaces { pointNum1 := edgesFaces[edgeNum].pn1 pointNum2 := edgesFaces[edgeNum].pn2 edgePoint := edgePoints[edgeNum] newPoints = append(newPoints, edgePoint) edgePointNums[[2]int{pointNum1, pointNum2}] = nextPointNum nextPointNum++ } var newFaces []Face for oldFaceNum, oldFace := range inputFaces { if len(oldFace) == 4 { a, b, c, d := oldFace[0], oldFace[1], oldFace[2], oldFace[3] facePointAbcd := facePointNums[oldFaceNum] edgePointAb := edgePointNums[switchNums([2]int{a, b})] edgePointDa := edgePointNums[switchNums([2]int{d, a})] edgePointBc := edgePointNums[switchNums([2]int{b, c})] edgePointCd := edgePointNums[switchNums([2]int{c, d})] newFaces = append(newFaces, Face{a, edgePointAb, facePointAbcd, edgePointDa}) newFaces = append(newFaces, Face{b, edgePointBc, facePointAbcd, edgePointAb}) newFaces = append(newFaces, Face{c, edgePointCd, facePointAbcd, edgePointBc}) newFaces = append(newFaces, Face{d, edgePointDa, facePointAbcd, edgePointCd}) } } return newPoints, newFaces } func main() { inputPoints := []Point{ {-1.0, 1.0, 1.0}, {-1.0, -1.0, 1.0}, {1.0, -1.0, 1.0}, {1.0, 1.0, 1.0}, {1.0, -1.0, -1.0}, {1.0, 1.0, -1.0}, {-1.0, -1.0, -1.0}, {-1.0, 1.0, -1.0}, } inputFaces := []Face{ {0, 1, 2, 3}, {3, 2, 4, 5}, {5, 4, 6, 7}, {7, 0, 3, 5}, {7, 6, 1, 0}, {6, 1, 2, 4}, } outputPoints := make([]Point, len(inputPoints)) outputFaces := make([]Face, len(inputFaces)) copy(outputPoints, inputPoints) copy(outputFaces, inputFaces) iterations := 1 for i := 0; i < iterations; i++ { outputPoints, outputFaces = cmcSubdiv(outputPoints, outputFaces) } for _, p := range outputPoints { fmt.Printf("% .4f\n", p) } fmt.Println() for _, f := range outputFaces { fmt.Printf("%2d\n", f) } }
vertex face_point(face f) { int i; vertex v; if (!f->avg) { f->avg = vertex_new(); foreach(i, v, f->v) if (!i) f->avg->pos = v->pos; else vadd(f->avg->pos, v->pos); vdiv(f->avg->pos, len(f->v)); } return f->avg; } #define hole_edge(e) (len(e->f)==1) vertex edge_point(edge e) { int i; face f; if (!e->e_pt) { e->e_pt = vertex_new(); e->avg = e->v[0]->pos; vadd(e->avg, e->v[1]->pos); e->e_pt->pos = e->avg; if (!hole_edge(e)) { foreach (i, f, e->f) vadd(e->e_pt->pos, face_point(f)->pos); vdiv(e->e_pt->pos, 4); } else vdiv(e->e_pt->pos, 2); vdiv(e->avg, 2); } return e->e_pt; } #define hole_vertex(v) (len((v)->f) != len((v)->e)) vertex updated_point(vertex v) { int i, n = 0; edge e; face f; coord_t sum = {0, 0, 0}; if (v->v_new) return v->v_new; v->v_new = vertex_new(); if (hole_vertex(v)) { v->v_new->pos = v->pos; foreach(i, e, v->e) { if (!hole_edge(e)) continue; vadd(v->v_new->pos, edge_point(e)->pos); n++; } vdiv(v->v_new->pos, n + 1); } else { n = len(v->f); foreach(i, f, v->f) vadd(sum, face_point(f)->pos); foreach(i, e, v->e) vmadd(sum, edge_point(e)->pos, 2, sum); vdiv(sum, n); vmadd(sum, v->pos, n - 3, sum); vdiv(sum, n); v->v_new->pos = sum; } return v->v_new; } model catmull(model m) { int i, j, a, b, c, d; face f; vertex v, x; model nm = model_new(); foreach (i, f, m->f) { foreach(j, v, f->v) { _get_idx(a, updated_point(v)); _get_idx(b, edge_point(elem(f->e, (j + 1) % len(f->e)))); _get_idx(c, face_point(f)); _get_idx(d, edge_point(elem(f->e, j))); model_add_face(nm, 4, a, b, c, d); } } return nm; }
Generate a C translation of this Go snippet without changing its computational steps.
package main import ( "fmt" "io/ioutil" "net/http" "regexp" "sort" "strings" ) type authorNumber struct { author string number int } func main() { ex1 := `<li><a href="/wiki/(.*?)"` ex2 := `a href="/(wiki/User:|mw/index\.php\?title=User:|wiki/Special:Contributions/)([^"&]+)` re1 := regexp.MustCompile(ex1) re2 := regexp.MustCompile(ex2) url1 := "http: url2 := "http: urls := []string{url1, url2} var tasks []string for _, url := range urls { resp, _ := http.Get(url) body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body) matches := re1.FindAllStringSubmatch(string(body), -1) resp.Body.Close() for _, match := range matches { if !strings.HasPrefix(match[1], "Category:") { tasks = append(tasks, match[1]) } } } authors := make(map[string]int) for _, task := range tasks { page := fmt.Sprintf("http: resp, _ := http.Get(page) body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body) matches := re2.FindAllStringSubmatch(string(body), -1) resp.Body.Close() author := matches[len(matches)-1][2] author = strings.ReplaceAll(author, "_", " ") authors[author]++ } authorNumbers := make([]authorNumber, 0, len(authors)) for k, v := range authors { authorNumbers = append(authorNumbers, authorNumber{k, v}) } sort.Slice(authorNumbers, func(i, j int) bool { return authorNumbers[i].number > authorNumbers[j].number }) fmt.Println("Total tasks  :", len(tasks)) fmt.Println("Total authors :", len(authors)) fmt.Println("\nThe top 20 authors by number of tasks created are:\n") fmt.Println("Pos Tasks Author") fmt.Println("=== ===== ======") lastNumber, lastIndex := 0, -1 for i, authorNumber := range authorNumbers[0:20] { j := i if authorNumber.number == lastNumber { j = lastIndex } else { lastIndex = i lastNumber = authorNumber.number } fmt.Printf("%2d: %3d %s\n", j+1, authorNumber.number, authorNumber.author) } }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <curl/curl.h> #include "wren.h" struct MemoryStruct { char *memory; size_t size; }; static size_t WriteMemoryCallback(void *contents, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userp) { size_t realsize = size * nmemb; struct MemoryStruct *mem = (struct MemoryStruct *)userp; char *ptr = realloc(mem->memory, mem->size + realsize + 1); if(!ptr) { printf("not enough memory (realloc returned NULL)\n"); return 0; } mem->memory = ptr; memcpy(&(mem->memory[mem->size]), contents, realsize); mem->size += realsize; mem->memory[mem->size] = 0; return realsize; } void C_bufferAllocate(WrenVM* vm) { struct MemoryStruct *ms = (struct MemoryStruct *)wrenSetSlotNewForeign(vm, 0, 0, sizeof(struct MemoryStruct)); ms->memory = malloc(1); ms->size = 0; } void C_bufferFinalize(void* data) { struct MemoryStruct *ms = (struct MemoryStruct *)data; free(ms->memory); } void C_curlAllocate(WrenVM* vm) { CURL** pcurl = (CURL**)wrenSetSlotNewForeign(vm, 0, 0, sizeof(CURL*)); *pcurl = curl_easy_init(); } void C_value(WrenVM* vm) { struct MemoryStruct *ms = (struct MemoryStruct *)wrenGetSlotForeign(vm, 0); wrenSetSlotString(vm, 0, ms->memory); } void C_easyPerform(WrenVM* vm) { CURL* curl = *(CURL**)wrenGetSlotForeign(vm, 0); curl_easy_perform(curl); } void C_easyCleanup(WrenVM* vm) { CURL* curl = *(CURL**)wrenGetSlotForeign(vm, 0); curl_easy_cleanup(curl); } void C_easySetOpt(WrenVM* vm) { CURL* curl = *(CURL**)wrenGetSlotForeign(vm, 0); CURLoption opt = (CURLoption)wrenGetSlotDouble(vm, 1); if (opt < 10000) { long lparam = (long)wrenGetSlotDouble(vm, 2); curl_easy_setopt(curl, opt, lparam); } else if (opt < 20000) { if (opt == CURLOPT_WRITEDATA) { struct MemoryStruct *ms = (struct MemoryStruct *)wrenGetSlotForeign(vm, 2); curl_easy_setopt(curl, opt, (void *)ms); } else if (opt == CURLOPT_URL) { const char *url = wrenGetSlotString(vm, 2); curl_easy_setopt(curl, opt, url); } } else if (opt < 30000) { if (opt == CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION) { curl_easy_setopt(curl, opt, &WriteMemoryCallback); } } } WrenForeignClassMethods bindForeignClass(WrenVM* vm, const char* module, const char* className) { WrenForeignClassMethods methods; methods.allocate = NULL; methods.finalize = NULL; if (strcmp(module, "main") == 0) { if (strcmp(className, "Buffer") == 0) { methods.allocate = C_bufferAllocate; methods.finalize = C_bufferFinalize; } else if (strcmp(className, "Curl") == 0) { methods.allocate = C_curlAllocate; } } return methods; } WrenForeignMethodFn bindForeignMethod( WrenVM* vm, const char* module, const char* className, bool isStatic, const char* signature) { if (strcmp(module, "main") == 0) { if (strcmp(className, "Buffer") == 0) { if (!isStatic && strcmp(signature, "value") == 0) return C_value; } else if (strcmp(className, "Curl") == 0) { if (!isStatic && strcmp(signature, "easySetOpt(_,_)") == 0) return C_easySetOpt; if (!isStatic && strcmp(signature, "easyPerform()") == 0) return C_easyPerform; if (!isStatic && strcmp(signature, "easyCleanup()") == 0) return C_easyCleanup; } } return NULL; } static void writeFn(WrenVM* vm, const char* text) { printf("%s", text); } void errorFn(WrenVM* vm, WrenErrorType errorType, const char* module, const int line, const char* msg) { switch (errorType) { case WREN_ERROR_COMPILE: printf("[%s line %d] [Error] %s\n", module, line, msg); break; case WREN_ERROR_STACK_TRACE: printf("[%s line %d] in %s\n", module, line, msg); break; case WREN_ERROR_RUNTIME: printf("[Runtime Error] %s\n", msg); break; } } char *readFile(const char *fileName) { FILE *f = fopen(fileName, "r"); fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END); long fsize = ftell(f); rewind(f); char *script = malloc(fsize + 1); fread(script, 1, fsize, f); fclose(f); script[fsize] = 0; return script; } static void loadModuleComplete(WrenVM* vm, const char* module, WrenLoadModuleResult result) { if( result.source) free((void*)result.source); } WrenLoadModuleResult loadModule(WrenVM* vm, const char* name) { WrenLoadModuleResult result = {0}; if (strcmp(name, "random") != 0 && strcmp(name, "meta") != 0) { result.onComplete = loadModuleComplete; char fullName[strlen(name) + 6]; strcpy(fullName, name); strcat(fullName, ".wren"); result.source = readFile(fullName); } return result; } int main(int argc, char **argv) { WrenConfiguration config; wrenInitConfiguration(&config); config.writeFn = &writeFn; config.errorFn = &errorFn; config.bindForeignClassFn = &bindForeignClass; config.bindForeignMethodFn = &bindForeignMethod; config.loadModuleFn = &loadModule; WrenVM* vm = wrenNewVM(&config); const char* module = "main"; const char* fileName = "rc_list_authors_of_task_descriptions.wren"; char *script = readFile(fileName); WrenInterpretResult result = wrenInterpret(vm, module, script); switch (result) { case WREN_RESULT_COMPILE_ERROR: printf("Compile Error!\n"); break; case WREN_RESULT_RUNTIME_ERROR: printf("Runtime Error!\n"); break; case WREN_RESULT_SUCCESS: break; } wrenFreeVM(vm); free(script); return 0; }
Change the programming language of this snippet from Go to C without modifying what it does.
package main import ( "fmt" "io/ioutil" "net/http" "regexp" "sort" "strings" ) type authorNumber struct { author string number int } func main() { ex1 := `<li><a href="/wiki/(.*?)"` ex2 := `a href="/(wiki/User:|mw/index\.php\?title=User:|wiki/Special:Contributions/)([^"&]+)` re1 := regexp.MustCompile(ex1) re2 := regexp.MustCompile(ex2) url1 := "http: url2 := "http: urls := []string{url1, url2} var tasks []string for _, url := range urls { resp, _ := http.Get(url) body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body) matches := re1.FindAllStringSubmatch(string(body), -1) resp.Body.Close() for _, match := range matches { if !strings.HasPrefix(match[1], "Category:") { tasks = append(tasks, match[1]) } } } authors := make(map[string]int) for _, task := range tasks { page := fmt.Sprintf("http: resp, _ := http.Get(page) body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body) matches := re2.FindAllStringSubmatch(string(body), -1) resp.Body.Close() author := matches[len(matches)-1][2] author = strings.ReplaceAll(author, "_", " ") authors[author]++ } authorNumbers := make([]authorNumber, 0, len(authors)) for k, v := range authors { authorNumbers = append(authorNumbers, authorNumber{k, v}) } sort.Slice(authorNumbers, func(i, j int) bool { return authorNumbers[i].number > authorNumbers[j].number }) fmt.Println("Total tasks  :", len(tasks)) fmt.Println("Total authors :", len(authors)) fmt.Println("\nThe top 20 authors by number of tasks created are:\n") fmt.Println("Pos Tasks Author") fmt.Println("=== ===== ======") lastNumber, lastIndex := 0, -1 for i, authorNumber := range authorNumbers[0:20] { j := i if authorNumber.number == lastNumber { j = lastIndex } else { lastIndex = i lastNumber = authorNumber.number } fmt.Printf("%2d: %3d %s\n", j+1, authorNumber.number, authorNumber.author) } }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <curl/curl.h> #include "wren.h" struct MemoryStruct { char *memory; size_t size; }; static size_t WriteMemoryCallback(void *contents, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userp) { size_t realsize = size * nmemb; struct MemoryStruct *mem = (struct MemoryStruct *)userp; char *ptr = realloc(mem->memory, mem->size + realsize + 1); if(!ptr) { printf("not enough memory (realloc returned NULL)\n"); return 0; } mem->memory = ptr; memcpy(&(mem->memory[mem->size]), contents, realsize); mem->size += realsize; mem->memory[mem->size] = 0; return realsize; } void C_bufferAllocate(WrenVM* vm) { struct MemoryStruct *ms = (struct MemoryStruct *)wrenSetSlotNewForeign(vm, 0, 0, sizeof(struct MemoryStruct)); ms->memory = malloc(1); ms->size = 0; } void C_bufferFinalize(void* data) { struct MemoryStruct *ms = (struct MemoryStruct *)data; free(ms->memory); } void C_curlAllocate(WrenVM* vm) { CURL** pcurl = (CURL**)wrenSetSlotNewForeign(vm, 0, 0, sizeof(CURL*)); *pcurl = curl_easy_init(); } void C_value(WrenVM* vm) { struct MemoryStruct *ms = (struct MemoryStruct *)wrenGetSlotForeign(vm, 0); wrenSetSlotString(vm, 0, ms->memory); } void C_easyPerform(WrenVM* vm) { CURL* curl = *(CURL**)wrenGetSlotForeign(vm, 0); curl_easy_perform(curl); } void C_easyCleanup(WrenVM* vm) { CURL* curl = *(CURL**)wrenGetSlotForeign(vm, 0); curl_easy_cleanup(curl); } void C_easySetOpt(WrenVM* vm) { CURL* curl = *(CURL**)wrenGetSlotForeign(vm, 0); CURLoption opt = (CURLoption)wrenGetSlotDouble(vm, 1); if (opt < 10000) { long lparam = (long)wrenGetSlotDouble(vm, 2); curl_easy_setopt(curl, opt, lparam); } else if (opt < 20000) { if (opt == CURLOPT_WRITEDATA) { struct MemoryStruct *ms = (struct MemoryStruct *)wrenGetSlotForeign(vm, 2); curl_easy_setopt(curl, opt, (void *)ms); } else if (opt == CURLOPT_URL) { const char *url = wrenGetSlotString(vm, 2); curl_easy_setopt(curl, opt, url); } } else if (opt < 30000) { if (opt == CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION) { curl_easy_setopt(curl, opt, &WriteMemoryCallback); } } } WrenForeignClassMethods bindForeignClass(WrenVM* vm, const char* module, const char* className) { WrenForeignClassMethods methods; methods.allocate = NULL; methods.finalize = NULL; if (strcmp(module, "main") == 0) { if (strcmp(className, "Buffer") == 0) { methods.allocate = C_bufferAllocate; methods.finalize = C_bufferFinalize; } else if (strcmp(className, "Curl") == 0) { methods.allocate = C_curlAllocate; } } return methods; } WrenForeignMethodFn bindForeignMethod( WrenVM* vm, const char* module, const char* className, bool isStatic, const char* signature) { if (strcmp(module, "main") == 0) { if (strcmp(className, "Buffer") == 0) { if (!isStatic && strcmp(signature, "value") == 0) return C_value; } else if (strcmp(className, "Curl") == 0) { if (!isStatic && strcmp(signature, "easySetOpt(_,_)") == 0) return C_easySetOpt; if (!isStatic && strcmp(signature, "easyPerform()") == 0) return C_easyPerform; if (!isStatic && strcmp(signature, "easyCleanup()") == 0) return C_easyCleanup; } } return NULL; } static void writeFn(WrenVM* vm, const char* text) { printf("%s", text); } void errorFn(WrenVM* vm, WrenErrorType errorType, const char* module, const int line, const char* msg) { switch (errorType) { case WREN_ERROR_COMPILE: printf("[%s line %d] [Error] %s\n", module, line, msg); break; case WREN_ERROR_STACK_TRACE: printf("[%s line %d] in %s\n", module, line, msg); break; case WREN_ERROR_RUNTIME: printf("[Runtime Error] %s\n", msg); break; } } char *readFile(const char *fileName) { FILE *f = fopen(fileName, "r"); fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END); long fsize = ftell(f); rewind(f); char *script = malloc(fsize + 1); fread(script, 1, fsize, f); fclose(f); script[fsize] = 0; return script; } static void loadModuleComplete(WrenVM* vm, const char* module, WrenLoadModuleResult result) { if( result.source) free((void*)result.source); } WrenLoadModuleResult loadModule(WrenVM* vm, const char* name) { WrenLoadModuleResult result = {0}; if (strcmp(name, "random") != 0 && strcmp(name, "meta") != 0) { result.onComplete = loadModuleComplete; char fullName[strlen(name) + 6]; strcpy(fullName, name); strcat(fullName, ".wren"); result.source = readFile(fullName); } return result; } int main(int argc, char **argv) { WrenConfiguration config; wrenInitConfiguration(&config); config.writeFn = &writeFn; config.errorFn = &errorFn; config.bindForeignClassFn = &bindForeignClass; config.bindForeignMethodFn = &bindForeignMethod; config.loadModuleFn = &loadModule; WrenVM* vm = wrenNewVM(&config); const char* module = "main"; const char* fileName = "rc_list_authors_of_task_descriptions.wren"; char *script = readFile(fileName); WrenInterpretResult result = wrenInterpret(vm, module, script); switch (result) { case WREN_RESULT_COMPILE_ERROR: printf("Compile Error!\n"); break; case WREN_RESULT_RUNTIME_ERROR: printf("Runtime Error!\n"); break; case WREN_RESULT_SUCCESS: break; } wrenFreeVM(vm); free(script); return 0; }