Instruction
stringlengths
45
106
input_code
stringlengths
1
13.7k
output_code
stringlengths
1
13.7k
Write a version of this C# function in VB with identical behavior.
using System; using System.Diagnostics; using System.Linq; using System.Numerics; static class Program { static void Main() { BigInteger n = BigInteger.Pow(5, (int)BigInteger.Pow(4, (int)BigInteger.Pow(3, 2))); string result = n.ToString(); Debug.Assert(result.Length == 183231); Debug.Assert(result.StartsWith("62060698786608744707")); Debug.Assert(result.EndsWith("92256259918212890625")); Console.WriteLine("n = 5^4^3^2"); Console.WriteLine("n = {0}...{1}", result.Substring(0, 20), result.Substring(result.Length - 20, 20) ); Console.WriteLine("n digits = {0}", result.Length); } }
Imports System.Console Imports BI = System.Numerics.BigInteger Module Module1 Dim Implems() As String = {"Built-In", "Recursive", "Iterative"}, powers() As Integer = {5, 4, 3, 2} Function intPowR(val As BI, exp As BI) As BI If exp = 0 Then Return 1 Dim ne As BI, vs As BI = val * val If exp.IsEven Then ne = exp >> 1 : Return If (ne > 1, intPowR(vs, ne), vs) ne = (exp - 1) >> 1 : Return If (ne > 1, intPowR(vs, ne), vs) * val End Function Function intPowI(val As BI, exp As BI) As BI intPowI = 1 : While (exp > 0) : If Not exp.IsEven Then intPowI *= val val *= val : exp >>= 1 : End While End Function Sub DoOne(title As String, p() As Integer) Dim st As DateTime = DateTime.Now, res As BI, resStr As String Select Case (Array.IndexOf(Implems, title)) Case 0 : res = BI.Pow(p(0), CInt(BI.Pow(p(1), CInt(BI.Pow(p(2), p(3)))))) Case 1 : res = intPowR(p(0), intPowR(p(1), intPowR(p(2), p(3)))) Case Else : res = intPowI(p(0), intPowI(p(1), intPowI(p(2), p(3)))) End Select : resStr = res.ToString() Dim et As TimeSpan = DateTime.Now - st Debug.Assert(resStr.Length = 183231) Debug.Assert(resStr.StartsWith("62060698786608744707")) Debug.Assert(resStr.EndsWith("92256259918212890625")) WriteLine("n = {0}", String.Join("^", powers)) WriteLine("n = {0}...{1}", resStr.Substring(0, 20), resStr.Substring(resStr.Length - 20, 20)) WriteLine("n digits = {0}", resStr.Length) WriteLine("{0} elasped: {1} milliseconds." & vblf, title, et.TotalMilliseconds) End Sub Sub Main() For Each itm As String in Implems : DoOne(itm, powers) : Next If Debugger.IsAttached Then Console.ReadKey() End Sub End Module
Convert this C# snippet to VB and keep its semantics consistent.
Using System; class Program { static int gcd(int m, int n) { return n == 0 ? Math.Abs(m) : gcd(n, n % m); } static int lcm(int m, int n) { return Math.Abs(m * n) / gcd(m, n); } static void Main() { Console.WriteLine("lcm(12,18)=" + lcm(12,18)); } }
Function gcd(u As Long, v As Long) As Long Dim t As Long Do While v t = u u = v v = t Mod v Loop gcd = u End Function Function lcm(m As Long, n As Long) As Long lcm = Abs(m * n) / gcd(m, n) End Function
Write the same algorithm in VB as shown in this C# implementation.
Using System; class Program { static int gcd(int m, int n) { return n == 0 ? Math.Abs(m) : gcd(n, n % m); } static int lcm(int m, int n) { return Math.Abs(m * n) / gcd(m, n); } static void Main() { Console.WriteLine("lcm(12,18)=" + lcm(12,18)); } }
Function gcd(u As Long, v As Long) As Long Dim t As Long Do While v t = u u = v v = t Mod v Loop gcd = u End Function Function lcm(m As Long, n As Long) As Long lcm = Abs(m * n) / gcd(m, n) End Function
Ensure the translated VB code behaves exactly like the original C# snippet.
class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Random random = new Random(); while (true) { int a = random.Next(20); Console.WriteLine(a); if (a == 10) break; int b = random.Next(20) Console.WriteLine(b); } Console.ReadLine(); } }
Public Sub LoopsBreak() Dim value As Integer Randomize Do While True value = Int(20 * Rnd) Debug.Print value If value = 10 Then Exit Do Debug.Print Int(20 * Rnd) Loop End Sub
Port the provided C# code into VB while preserving the original functionality.
class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Random random = new Random(); while (true) { int a = random.Next(20); Console.WriteLine(a); if (a == 10) break; int b = random.Next(20) Console.WriteLine(b); } Console.ReadLine(); } }
Public Sub LoopsBreak() Dim value As Integer Randomize Do While True value = Int(20 * Rnd) Debug.Print value If value = 10 Then Exit Do Debug.Print Int(20 * Rnd) Loop End Sub
Write the same code in VB as shown below in C#.
class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { int[][] wta = { new int[] {1, 5, 3, 7, 2}, new int[] { 5, 3, 7, 2, 6, 4, 5, 9, 1, 2 }, new int[] { 2, 6, 3, 5, 2, 8, 1, 4, 2, 2, 5, 3, 5, 7, 4, 1 }, new int[] { 5, 5, 5, 5 }, new int[] { 5, 6, 7, 8 }, new int[] { 8, 7, 7, 6 }, new int[] { 6, 7, 10, 7, 6 }}; string blk, lf = "\n", tb = "██", wr = "≈≈", mt = " "; for (int i = 0; i < wta.Length; i++) { int bpf; blk = ""; do { string floor = ""; bpf = 0; for (int j = 0; j < wta[i].Length; j++) { if (wta[i][j] > 0) { floor += tb; wta[i][j] -= 1; bpf += 1; } else floor += (j > 0 && j < wta[i].Length - 1 ? wr : mt); } if (bpf > 0) blk = floor + lf + blk; } while (bpf > 0); while (blk.Contains(mt + wr)) blk = blk.Replace(mt + wr, mt + mt); while (blk.Contains(wr + mt)) blk = blk.Replace(wr + mt, mt + mt); if (args.Length > 0) System.Console.Write("\n{0}", blk); System.Console.WriteLine("Block {0} retains {1,2} water units.", i + 1, (blk.Length - blk.Replace(wr, "").Length) / 2); } } }
Module Module1 Sub Main(Args() As String) Dim shoTow As Boolean = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs().Count > 1 Dim wta As Integer()() = { New Integer() {1, 5, 3, 7, 2}, New Integer() {5, 3, 7, 2, 6, 4, 5, 9, 1, 2}, New Integer() {2, 6, 3, 5, 2, 8, 1, 4, 2, 2, 5, 3, 5, 7, 4, 1}, New Integer() {5, 5, 5, 5}, New Integer() {5, 6, 7, 8}, New Integer() {8, 7, 7, 6}, New Integer() {6, 7, 10, 7, 6}} Dim blk As String, lf As String = vbLf, tb = "██", wr = "≈≈", mt = " " For i As Integer = 0 To wta.Length - 1 Dim bpf As Integer blk = "" Do bpf = 0 : Dim floor As String = "" For j As Integer = 0 To wta(i).Length - 1 If wta(i)(j) > 0 Then floor &= tb : wta(i)(j) -= 1 : bpf += 1 Else floor &= If(j > 0 AndAlso j < wta(i).Length - 1, wr, mt) End If Next If bpf > 0 Then blk = floor & lf & blk Loop Until bpf = 0 While blk.Contains(mt & wr) : blk = blk.Replace(mt & wr, mt & mt) : End While While blk.Contains(wr & mt) : blk = blk.Replace(wr & mt, mt & mt) : End While If shoTow Then Console.Write("{0}{1}", lf, blk) Console.Write("Block {0} retains {1,2} water units.{2}", i + 1, (blk.Length - blk.Replace(wr, "").Length) \ 2, lf) Next End Sub End Module
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in VB.
class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { int[][] wta = { new int[] {1, 5, 3, 7, 2}, new int[] { 5, 3, 7, 2, 6, 4, 5, 9, 1, 2 }, new int[] { 2, 6, 3, 5, 2, 8, 1, 4, 2, 2, 5, 3, 5, 7, 4, 1 }, new int[] { 5, 5, 5, 5 }, new int[] { 5, 6, 7, 8 }, new int[] { 8, 7, 7, 6 }, new int[] { 6, 7, 10, 7, 6 }}; string blk, lf = "\n", tb = "██", wr = "≈≈", mt = " "; for (int i = 0; i < wta.Length; i++) { int bpf; blk = ""; do { string floor = ""; bpf = 0; for (int j = 0; j < wta[i].Length; j++) { if (wta[i][j] > 0) { floor += tb; wta[i][j] -= 1; bpf += 1; } else floor += (j > 0 && j < wta[i].Length - 1 ? wr : mt); } if (bpf > 0) blk = floor + lf + blk; } while (bpf > 0); while (blk.Contains(mt + wr)) blk = blk.Replace(mt + wr, mt + mt); while (blk.Contains(wr + mt)) blk = blk.Replace(wr + mt, mt + mt); if (args.Length > 0) System.Console.Write("\n{0}", blk); System.Console.WriteLine("Block {0} retains {1,2} water units.", i + 1, (blk.Length - blk.Replace(wr, "").Length) / 2); } } }
Module Module1 Sub Main(Args() As String) Dim shoTow As Boolean = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs().Count > 1 Dim wta As Integer()() = { New Integer() {1, 5, 3, 7, 2}, New Integer() {5, 3, 7, 2, 6, 4, 5, 9, 1, 2}, New Integer() {2, 6, 3, 5, 2, 8, 1, 4, 2, 2, 5, 3, 5, 7, 4, 1}, New Integer() {5, 5, 5, 5}, New Integer() {5, 6, 7, 8}, New Integer() {8, 7, 7, 6}, New Integer() {6, 7, 10, 7, 6}} Dim blk As String, lf As String = vbLf, tb = "██", wr = "≈≈", mt = " " For i As Integer = 0 To wta.Length - 1 Dim bpf As Integer blk = "" Do bpf = 0 : Dim floor As String = "" For j As Integer = 0 To wta(i).Length - 1 If wta(i)(j) > 0 Then floor &= tb : wta(i)(j) -= 1 : bpf += 1 Else floor &= If(j > 0 AndAlso j < wta(i).Length - 1, wr, mt) End If Next If bpf > 0 Then blk = floor & lf & blk Loop Until bpf = 0 While blk.Contains(mt & wr) : blk = blk.Replace(mt & wr, mt & mt) : End While While blk.Contains(wr & mt) : blk = blk.Replace(wr & mt, mt & mt) : End While If shoTow Then Console.Write("{0}{1}", lf, blk) Console.Write("Block {0} retains {1,2} water units.{2}", i + 1, (blk.Length - blk.Replace(wr, "").Length) \ 2, lf) Next End Sub End Module
Rewrite this program in VB while keeping its functionality equivalent to the C# version.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; public class Program { public static void Main() { string infix = "3 + 4 * 2 / ( 1 - 5 ) ^ 2 ^ 3"; Console.WriteLine(infix.ToPostfix()); } } public static class ShuntingYard { private static readonly Dictionary<string, (string symbol, int precedence, bool rightAssociative)> operators = new (string symbol, int precedence, bool rightAssociative) [] { ("^", 4, true), ("*", 3, false), ("/", 3, false), ("+", 2, false), ("-", 2, false) }.ToDictionary(op => op.symbol); public static string ToPostfix(this string infix) { string[] tokens = infix.Split(' '); var stack = new Stack<string>(); var output = new List<string>(); foreach (string token in tokens) { if (int.TryParse(token, out _)) { output.Add(token); Print(token); } else if (operators.TryGetValue(token, out var op1)) { while (stack.Count > 0 && operators.TryGetValue(stack.Peek(), out var op2)) { int c = op1.precedence.CompareTo(op2.precedence); if (c < 0 || !op1.rightAssociative && c <= 0) { output.Add(stack.Pop()); } else { break; } } stack.Push(token); Print(token); } else if (token == "(") { stack.Push(token); Print(token); } else if (token == ")") { string top = ""; while (stack.Count > 0 && (top = stack.Pop()) != "(") { output.Add(top); } if (top != "(") throw new ArgumentException("No matching left parenthesis."); Print(token); } } while (stack.Count > 0) { var top = stack.Pop(); if (!operators.ContainsKey(top)) throw new ArgumentException("No matching right parenthesis."); output.Add(top); } Print("pop"); return string.Join(" ", output); void Print(string action) => Console.WriteLine($"{action + ":",-4} {$"stack[ {string.Join(" ", stack.Reverse())} ]",-18} {$"out[ {string.Join(" ", output)} ]"}"); void Print(string action) => Console.WriteLine("{0,-4} {1,-18} {2}", action + ":", $"stack[ {string.Join(" ", stack.Reverse())} ]", $"out[ {string.Join(" ", output)} ]"); } }
Module Module1 Class SymbolType Public ReadOnly symbol As String Public ReadOnly precedence As Integer Public ReadOnly rightAssociative As Boolean Public Sub New(symbol As String, precedence As Integer, rightAssociative As Boolean) Me.symbol = symbol Me.precedence = precedence Me.rightAssociative = rightAssociative End Sub End Class ReadOnly Operators As Dictionary(Of String, SymbolType) = New Dictionary(Of String, SymbolType) From { {"^", New SymbolType("^", 4, True)}, {"*", New SymbolType("*", 3, False)}, {"/", New SymbolType("/", 3, False)}, {"+", New SymbolType("+", 2, False)}, {"-", New SymbolType("-", 2, False)} } Function ToPostfix(infix As String) As String Dim tokens = infix.Split(" ") Dim stack As New Stack(Of String) Dim output As New List(Of String) Dim Print = Sub(action As String) Console.WriteLine("{0,-4} {1,-18} {2}", action + ":", $"stack[ {String.Join(" ", stack.Reverse())} ]", $"out[ {String.Join(" ", output)} ]") For Each token In tokens Dim iv As Integer Dim op1 As SymbolType Dim op2 As SymbolType If Integer.TryParse(token, iv) Then output.Add(token) Print(token) ElseIf Operators.TryGetValue(token, op1) Then While stack.Count > 0 AndAlso Operators.TryGetValue(stack.Peek(), op2) Dim c = op1.precedence.CompareTo(op2.precedence) If c < 0 OrElse Not op1.rightAssociative AndAlso c <= 0 Then output.Add(stack.Pop()) Else Exit While End If End While stack.Push(token) Print(token) ElseIf token = "(" Then stack.Push(token) Print(token) ElseIf token = ")" Then Dim top = "" While stack.Count > 0 top = stack.Pop() If top <> "(" Then output.Add(top) Else Exit While End If End While If top <> "(" Then Throw New ArgumentException("No matching left parenthesis.") End If Print(token) End If Next While stack.Count > 0 Dim top = stack.Pop() If Not Operators.ContainsKey(top) Then Throw New ArgumentException("No matching right parenthesis.") End If output.Add(top) End While Print("pop") Return String.Join(" ", output) End Function Sub Main() Dim infix = "3 + 4 * 2 / ( 1 - 5 ) ^ 2 ^ 3" Console.WriteLine(ToPostfix(infix)) End Sub End Module
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in VB.
using System; namespace RosettaCode { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { string text = Math.Abs(int.Parse(Console.ReadLine())).ToString(); Console.WriteLine(text.Length < 2 || text.Length % 2 == 0 ? "Error" : text.Substring((text.Length - 3) / 2, 3)); } } }
Option Explicit Sub Main_Middle_three_digits() Dim Numbers, i& Numbers = Array(123, 12345, 1234567, 987654321, 10001, -10001, -123, -100, _ 100, -12345, 1, 2, -1, -10, 2002, -2002, 0) For i = 0 To 16 Debug.Print Numbers(i) & " Return : " & Middle3digits(CStr(Numbers(i))) Next End Sub Function Middle3digits(strNb As String) As String If Left(strNb, 1) = "-" Then strNb = Right(strNb, Len(strNb) - 1) If Len(strNb) < 3 Then Middle3digits = "Error ! Number of digits must be >= 3" ElseIf Len(strNb) Mod 2 = 0 Then Middle3digits = "Error ! Number of digits must be odd" Else Middle3digits = Mid(strNb, 1 + (Len(strNb) - 3) / 2, 3) End If End Function
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in VB.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; static class Program { static List<int> l = new List<int>() { 1, 1 }; static int gcd(int a, int b) { return a > 0 ? a < b ? gcd(b % a, a) : gcd(a % b, b) : b; } static void Main(string[] args) { int max = 1000; int take = 15; int i = 1; int[] selection = new[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 100 }; do { l.AddRange(new List<int>() { l[i] + l[i - 1], l[i] }); i += 1; } while (l.Count < max || l[l.Count - 2] != selection.Last()); Console.Write("The first {0} items In the Stern-Brocot sequence: ", take); Console.WriteLine("{0}\n", string.Join(", ", l.Take(take))); Console.WriteLine("The locations of where the selected numbers (1-to-10, & 100) first appear:"); foreach (int ii in selection) { int j = l.FindIndex(x => x == ii) + 1; Console.WriteLine("{0,3}: {1:n0}", ii, j); } Console.WriteLine(); bool good = true; for (i = 1; i <= max; i++) { if (gcd(l[i], l[i - 1]) != 1) { good = false; break; } } Console.WriteLine("The greatest common divisor of all the two consecutive items of the" + " series up to the {0}th item is {1}always one.", max, good ? "" : "not "); } }
Imports System Imports System.Collections.Generic Imports System.Linq Module Module1 Dim l As List(Of Integer) = {1, 1}.ToList() Function gcd(ByVal a As Integer, ByVal b As Integer) As Integer Return If(a > 0, If(a < b, gcd(b Mod a, a), gcd(a Mod b, b)), b) End Function Sub Main(ByVal args As String()) Dim max As Integer = 1000, take As Integer = 15, i As Integer = 1, selection As Integer() = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 100} Do : l.AddRange({l(i) + l(i - 1), l(i)}.ToList) : i += 1 Loop While l.Count < max OrElse l(l.Count - 2) <> selection.Last() Console.Write("The first {0} items In the Stern-Brocot sequence: ", take) Console.WriteLine("{0}" & vbLf, String.Join(", ", l.Take(take))) Console.WriteLine("The locations of where the selected numbers (1-to-10, & 100) first appear:") For Each ii As Integer In selection Dim j As Integer = l.FindIndex(Function(x) x = ii) + 1 Console.WriteLine("{0,3}: {1:n0}", ii, j) Next : Console.WriteLine() : Dim good As Boolean = True : For i = 1 To max If gcd(l(i), l(i - 1)) <> 1 Then good = False : Exit For Next Console.WriteLine("The greatest common divisor of all the two consecutive items of the" & " series up to the {0}th item is {1}always one.", max, If(good, "", "not ")) End Sub End Module
Can you help me rewrite this code in VB instead of C#, keeping it the same logically?
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Text; using System.Threading; namespace ChatServer { class State { private TcpClient client; private StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); public string Name { get; } public State(string name, TcpClient client) { Name = name; this.client = client; } public void Add(byte b) { sb.Append((char)b); } public void Send(string text) { var bytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(string.Format("{0}\r\n", text)); client.GetStream().Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length); } } class Program { static TcpListener listen; static Thread serverthread; static Dictionary<int, State> connections = new Dictionary<int, State>(); static void Main(string[] args) { listen = new TcpListener(System.Net.IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), 4004); serverthread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(DoListen)); serverthread.Start(); } private static void DoListen() { listen.Start(); Console.WriteLine("Server: Started server"); while (true) { Console.WriteLine("Server: Waiting..."); TcpClient client = listen.AcceptTcpClient(); Console.WriteLine("Server: Waited"); Thread clientThread = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(DoClient)); clientThread.Start(client); } } private static void DoClient(object client) { TcpClient tClient = (TcpClient)client; Console.WriteLine("Client (Thread: {0}): Connected!", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); byte[] bytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("Enter name: "); tClient.GetStream().Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length); string name = string.Empty; bool done = false; do { if (!tClient.Connected) { Console.WriteLine("Client (Thread: {0}): Terminated!", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); tClient.Close(); Thread.CurrentThread.Abort(); } name = Receive(tClient); done = true; if (done) { foreach (var cl in connections) { var state = cl.Value; if (state.Name == name) { bytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("Name already registered. Please enter your name: "); tClient.GetStream().Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length); done = false; } } } } while (!done); connections.Add(Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId, new State(name, tClient)); Console.WriteLine("\tTotal connections: {0}", connections.Count); Broadcast(string.Format("+++ {0} arrived +++", name)); do { string text = Receive(tClient); if (text == "/quit") { Broadcast(string.Format("Connection from {0} closed.", name)); connections.Remove(Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Console.WriteLine("\tTotal connections: {0}", connections.Count); break; } if (!tClient.Connected) { break; } Broadcast(string.Format("{0}> {1}", name, text)); } while (true); Console.WriteLine("Client (Thread: {0}): Terminated!", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); tClient.Close(); Thread.CurrentThread.Abort(); } private static string Receive(TcpClient client) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); do { if (client.Available > 0) { while (client.Available > 0) { char ch = (char)client.GetStream().ReadByte(); if (ch == '\r') { continue; } if (ch == '\n') { return sb.ToString(); } sb.Append(ch); } } Thread.Sleep(100); } while (true); } private static void Broadcast(string text) { Console.WriteLine(text); foreach (var oClient in connections) { if (oClient.Key != Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId) { State state = oClient.Value; state.Send(text); } } } } }
Imports System.Net.Sockets Imports System.Text Imports System.Threading Module Module1 Class State Private ReadOnly client As TcpClient Private ReadOnly sb As New StringBuilder Public Sub New(name As String, client As TcpClient) Me.Name = name Me.client = client End Sub Public ReadOnly Property Name As String Public Sub Send(text As String) Dim bytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(String.Format("{0}" & vbCrLf, text)) client.GetStream().Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length) End Sub End Class ReadOnly connections As New Dictionary(Of Integer, State) Dim listen As TcpListener Dim serverThread As Thread Sub Main() listen = New TcpListener(Net.IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), 4004) serverThread = New Thread(New ThreadStart(AddressOf DoListen)) serverThread.Start() End Sub Private Sub DoListen() listen.Start() Console.WriteLine("Server: Started server") Do Console.Write("Server: Waiting...") Dim client = listen.AcceptTcpClient() Console.WriteLine(" Connected") Dim clientThread As New Thread(New ParameterizedThreadStart(AddressOf DoClient)) clientThread.Start(client) Loop End Sub Private Sub DoClient(client As TcpClient) Console.WriteLine("Client (Thread: {0}): Connected!", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId) Dim bytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("Enter name: ") client.GetStream().Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length) Dim done As Boolean Dim name As String Do If Not client.Connected Then Console.WriteLine("Client (Thread: {0}): Terminated!", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId) client.Close() Thread.CurrentThread.Abort() End If name = Receive(client) done = True For Each cl In connections Dim state = cl.Value If state.Name = name Then bytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("Name already registered. Please enter your name: ") client.GetStream().Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length) done = False End If Next Loop While Not done connections.Add(Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId, New State(name, client)) Console.WriteLine(vbTab & "Total connections: {0}", connections.Count) Broadcast(String.Format("+++ {0} arrived +++", name)) Do Dim text = Receive(client) If text = "/quit" Then Broadcast(String.Format("Connection from {0} closed.", name)) connections.Remove(Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId) Console.WriteLine(vbTab & "Total connections: {0}", connections.Count) Exit Do End If If Not client.Connected Then Exit Do End If Broadcast(String.Format("{0}> {1}", name, text)) Loop Console.WriteLine("Client (Thread: {0}): Terminated!", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId) client.Close() Thread.CurrentThread.Abort() End Sub Private Function Receive(client As TcpClient) As String Dim sb As New StringBuilder Do If client.Available > 0 Then While client.Available > 0 Dim ch = Chr(client.GetStream.ReadByte()) If ch = vbCr Then Continue While End If If ch = vbLf Then Return sb.ToString() End If sb.Append(ch) End While Thread.Sleep(100) End If Loop End Function Private Sub Broadcast(text As String) Console.WriteLine(text) For Each client In connections If client.Key <> Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId Then Dim state = client.Value state.Send(text) End If Next End Sub End Module
Generate a VB translation of this C# snippet without changing its computational steps.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; public class FindPalindromicNumbers { static void Main(string[] args) { var query = PalindromicTernaries() .Where(IsPalindromicBinary) .Take(6); foreach (var x in query) { Console.WriteLine("Decimal: " + x); Console.WriteLine("Ternary: " + ToTernary(x)); Console.WriteLine("Binary: " + Convert.ToString(x, 2)); Console.WriteLine(); } } public static IEnumerable<long> PalindromicTernaries() { yield return 0; yield return 1; yield return 13; yield return 23; var f = new List<long> {0}; long fMiddle = 9; while (true) { for (long edge = 1; edge < 3; edge++) { int i; do { long result = fMiddle; long fLeft = fMiddle * 3; long fRight = fMiddle / 3; for (int j = f.Count - 1; j >= 0; j--) { result += (fLeft + fRight) * f[j]; fLeft *= 3; fRight /= 3; } result += (fLeft + fRight) * edge; yield return result; for (i = f.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--) { if (f[i] == 2) { f[i] = 0; } else { f[i]++; break; } } } while (i >= 0); } f.Add(0); fMiddle *= 3; } } public static bool IsPalindromicBinary(long number) { long n = number; long reverse = 0; while (n != 0) { reverse <<= 1; if ((n & 1) == 1) reverse++; n >>= 1; } return reverse == number; } public static string ToTernary(long n) { if (n == 0) return "0"; string result = ""; while (n > 0) { { result = (n % 3) + result; n /= 3; } return result; } }
Public Declare Function GetTickCount Lib "kernel32.dll" () As Long Private Function DecimalToBinary(DecimalNum As Long) As String Dim tmp As String Dim n As Long n = DecimalNum tmp = Trim(CStr(n Mod 2)) n = n \ 2 Do While n <> 0 tmp = Trim(CStr(n Mod 2)) & tmp n = n \ 2 Loop DecimalToBinary = tmp End Function Function Dec2Bin(ByVal DecimalIn As Variant, _ Optional NumberOfBits As Variant) As String Dec2Bin = "" DecimalIn = Int(CDec(DecimalIn)) Do While DecimalIn <> 0 Dec2Bin = Format$(DecimalIn - 2 * Int(DecimalIn / 2)) & Dec2Bin DecimalIn = Int(DecimalIn / 2) Loop If Not IsMissing(NumberOfBits) Then If Len(Dec2Bin) > NumberOfBits Then Dec2Bin = "Error - Number exceeds specified bit size" Else Dec2Bin = Right$(String$(NumberOfBits, _ "0") & Dec2Bin, NumberOfBits) End If End If End Function Public Sub base() Time1 = GetTickCount Dim n As Long Dim three(19) As Integer Dim pow3(19) As Variant Dim full3 As Variant Dim trail As Variant Dim check As Long Dim len3 As Integer Dim carry As Boolean Dim i As Integer, j As Integer Dim s As String Dim t As String pow3(0) = CDec(1) For i = 1 To 19 pow3(i) = 3 * pow3(i - 1) Next i Debug.Print String$(5, " "); "iter"; String$(7, " "); "decimal"; String$(18, " "); "binary"; Debug.Print String$(30, " "); "ternary" n = 0: full3 = 0: t = "0": s = "0" Debug.Print String$(8 - Len(CStr(n)), " "); n; String$(12 - Len(CStr(full3)), " "); Debug.Print full3; String$((41 - Len(t)) / 2, " "); t; String$((41 - Len(t)) / 2, " "); Debug.Print String$((31 - Len(s)) / 2, " "); s n = 0: full3 = 1: t = "1": s = "1" Debug.Print String$(8 - Len(CStr(n)), " "); n; String$(12 - Len(CStr(full3)), " "); Debug.Print full3; String$((41 - Len(t)) / 2, " "); t; String$((41 - Len(t)) / 2, " "); Debug.Print String$((31 - Len(s)) / 2, " "); s number = 0 n = 1 len3 = 0 full3 = 3 Do three(0) = three(0) + 1 carry = False If three(0) = 3 Then three(0) = 0 carry = True j = 1 Do While carry three(j) = three(j) + 1 If three(j) = 3 Then three(j) = 0 j = j + 1 Else carry = False End If Loop If len3 < j Then trail = full3 - (n - 1) * pow3(len3 + 2) - pow3(len3 + 1) len3 = j full3 = n * pow3(len3 + 2) + pow3(len3 + 1) + 3 * trail For i = 0 To j - 1 full3 = full3 - 2 * pow3(len3 - i) Next i full3 = full3 + 1 Else full3 = full3 + pow3(len3 + 2) For i = 0 To j - 1 full3 = full3 - 2 * pow3(len3 - i) Next i full3 = full3 + pow3(len3 - j) End If Else full3 = full3 + pow3(len3 + 2) + pow3(len3) End If s = "" For i = 0 To len3 s = s & CStr(three(i)) Next i t = Dec2Bin(full3) If t = StrReverse(t) Then number = number + 1 s = StrReverse(s) & "1" & s If n < 200000 Then Debug.Print String$(8 - Len(CStr(n)), " "); n; String$(12 - Len(CStr(full3)), " "); Debug.Print full3; String$((41 - Len(t)) / 2, " "); t; String$((41 - Len(t)) / 2, " "); Debug.Print String$((31 - Len(s)) / 2, " "); s If number = 4 Then Debug.Print "Completed in"; (GetTickCount - Time1) / 1000; "seconds" Time2 = GetTickCount Application.ScreenUpdating = False End If Else Debug.Print n, full3, Len(t), t, Len(s), s Debug.Print "Completed in"; (Time2 - Time1) / 1000; "seconds"; Time3 = GetTickCount End If End If n = n + 1 Loop Until number = 5 Debug.Print "Completed in"; (Time3 - Time1) / 1000; "seconds" Application.ScreenUpdating = True End Sub
Generate a VB translation of this C# snippet without changing its computational steps.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; public class FindPalindromicNumbers { static void Main(string[] args) { var query = PalindromicTernaries() .Where(IsPalindromicBinary) .Take(6); foreach (var x in query) { Console.WriteLine("Decimal: " + x); Console.WriteLine("Ternary: " + ToTernary(x)); Console.WriteLine("Binary: " + Convert.ToString(x, 2)); Console.WriteLine(); } } public static IEnumerable<long> PalindromicTernaries() { yield return 0; yield return 1; yield return 13; yield return 23; var f = new List<long> {0}; long fMiddle = 9; while (true) { for (long edge = 1; edge < 3; edge++) { int i; do { long result = fMiddle; long fLeft = fMiddle * 3; long fRight = fMiddle / 3; for (int j = f.Count - 1; j >= 0; j--) { result += (fLeft + fRight) * f[j]; fLeft *= 3; fRight /= 3; } result += (fLeft + fRight) * edge; yield return result; for (i = f.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--) { if (f[i] == 2) { f[i] = 0; } else { f[i]++; break; } } } while (i >= 0); } f.Add(0); fMiddle *= 3; } } public static bool IsPalindromicBinary(long number) { long n = number; long reverse = 0; while (n != 0) { reverse <<= 1; if ((n & 1) == 1) reverse++; n >>= 1; } return reverse == number; } public static string ToTernary(long n) { if (n == 0) return "0"; string result = ""; while (n > 0) { { result = (n % 3) + result; n /= 3; } return result; } }
Public Declare Function GetTickCount Lib "kernel32.dll" () As Long Private Function DecimalToBinary(DecimalNum As Long) As String Dim tmp As String Dim n As Long n = DecimalNum tmp = Trim(CStr(n Mod 2)) n = n \ 2 Do While n <> 0 tmp = Trim(CStr(n Mod 2)) & tmp n = n \ 2 Loop DecimalToBinary = tmp End Function Function Dec2Bin(ByVal DecimalIn As Variant, _ Optional NumberOfBits As Variant) As String Dec2Bin = "" DecimalIn = Int(CDec(DecimalIn)) Do While DecimalIn <> 0 Dec2Bin = Format$(DecimalIn - 2 * Int(DecimalIn / 2)) & Dec2Bin DecimalIn = Int(DecimalIn / 2) Loop If Not IsMissing(NumberOfBits) Then If Len(Dec2Bin) > NumberOfBits Then Dec2Bin = "Error - Number exceeds specified bit size" Else Dec2Bin = Right$(String$(NumberOfBits, _ "0") & Dec2Bin, NumberOfBits) End If End If End Function Public Sub base() Time1 = GetTickCount Dim n As Long Dim three(19) As Integer Dim pow3(19) As Variant Dim full3 As Variant Dim trail As Variant Dim check As Long Dim len3 As Integer Dim carry As Boolean Dim i As Integer, j As Integer Dim s As String Dim t As String pow3(0) = CDec(1) For i = 1 To 19 pow3(i) = 3 * pow3(i - 1) Next i Debug.Print String$(5, " "); "iter"; String$(7, " "); "decimal"; String$(18, " "); "binary"; Debug.Print String$(30, " "); "ternary" n = 0: full3 = 0: t = "0": s = "0" Debug.Print String$(8 - Len(CStr(n)), " "); n; String$(12 - Len(CStr(full3)), " "); Debug.Print full3; String$((41 - Len(t)) / 2, " "); t; String$((41 - Len(t)) / 2, " "); Debug.Print String$((31 - Len(s)) / 2, " "); s n = 0: full3 = 1: t = "1": s = "1" Debug.Print String$(8 - Len(CStr(n)), " "); n; String$(12 - Len(CStr(full3)), " "); Debug.Print full3; String$((41 - Len(t)) / 2, " "); t; String$((41 - Len(t)) / 2, " "); Debug.Print String$((31 - Len(s)) / 2, " "); s number = 0 n = 1 len3 = 0 full3 = 3 Do three(0) = three(0) + 1 carry = False If three(0) = 3 Then three(0) = 0 carry = True j = 1 Do While carry three(j) = three(j) + 1 If three(j) = 3 Then three(j) = 0 j = j + 1 Else carry = False End If Loop If len3 < j Then trail = full3 - (n - 1) * pow3(len3 + 2) - pow3(len3 + 1) len3 = j full3 = n * pow3(len3 + 2) + pow3(len3 + 1) + 3 * trail For i = 0 To j - 1 full3 = full3 - 2 * pow3(len3 - i) Next i full3 = full3 + 1 Else full3 = full3 + pow3(len3 + 2) For i = 0 To j - 1 full3 = full3 - 2 * pow3(len3 - i) Next i full3 = full3 + pow3(len3 - j) End If Else full3 = full3 + pow3(len3 + 2) + pow3(len3) End If s = "" For i = 0 To len3 s = s & CStr(three(i)) Next i t = Dec2Bin(full3) If t = StrReverse(t) Then number = number + 1 s = StrReverse(s) & "1" & s If n < 200000 Then Debug.Print String$(8 - Len(CStr(n)), " "); n; String$(12 - Len(CStr(full3)), " "); Debug.Print full3; String$((41 - Len(t)) / 2, " "); t; String$((41 - Len(t)) / 2, " "); Debug.Print String$((31 - Len(s)) / 2, " "); s If number = 4 Then Debug.Print "Completed in"; (GetTickCount - Time1) / 1000; "seconds" Time2 = GetTickCount Application.ScreenUpdating = False End If Else Debug.Print n, full3, Len(t), t, Len(s), s Debug.Print "Completed in"; (Time2 - Time1) / 1000; "seconds"; Time3 = GetTickCount End If End If n = n + 1 Loop Until number = 5 Debug.Print "Completed in"; (Time3 - Time1) / 1000; "seconds" Application.ScreenUpdating = True End Sub
Rewrite this program in VB while keeping its functionality equivalent to the C# version.
static void Main(string[] args) { int bufferHeight = Console.BufferHeight; int bufferWidth = Console.BufferWidth; int windowHeight = Console.WindowHeight; int windowWidth = Console.WindowWidth; Console.Write("Buffer Height: "); Console.WriteLine(bufferHeight); Console.Write("Buffer Width: "); Console.WriteLine(bufferWidth); Console.Write("Window Height: "); Console.WriteLine(windowHeight); Console.Write("Window Width: "); Console.WriteLine(windowWidth); Console.ReadLine(); }
Module Module1 Sub Main() Dim bufferHeight = Console.BufferHeight Dim bufferWidth = Console.BufferWidth Dim windowHeight = Console.WindowHeight Dim windowWidth = Console.WindowWidth Console.Write("Buffer Height: ") Console.WriteLine(bufferHeight) Console.Write("Buffer Width: ") Console.WriteLine(bufferWidth) Console.Write("Window Height: ") Console.WriteLine(windowHeight) Console.Write("Window Width: ") Console.WriteLine(windowWidth) End Sub End Module
Rewrite the snippet below in VB so it works the same as the original C# code.
using System; using System.Numerics; namespace CipollaAlgorithm { class Program { static readonly BigInteger BIG = BigInteger.Pow(10, 50) + 151; private static Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger, bool> C(string ns, string ps) { BigInteger n = BigInteger.Parse(ns); BigInteger p = ps.Length > 0 ? BigInteger.Parse(ps) : BIG; BigInteger ls(BigInteger a0) => BigInteger.ModPow(a0, (p - 1) / 2, p); if (ls(n) != 1) { return new Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger, bool>(0, 0, false); } BigInteger a = 0; BigInteger omega2; while (true) { omega2 = (a * a + p - n) % p; if (ls(omega2) == p - 1) { break; } a += 1; } BigInteger finalOmega = omega2; Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger> mul(Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger> aa, Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger> bb) { return new Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger>( (aa.Item1 * bb.Item1 + aa.Item2 * bb.Item2 * finalOmega) % p, (aa.Item1 * bb.Item2 + bb.Item1 * aa.Item2) % p ); } Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger> r = new Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger>(1, 0); Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger> s = new Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger>(a, 1); BigInteger nn = ((p + 1) >> 1) % p; while (nn > 0) { if ((nn & 1) == 1) { r = mul(r, s); } s = mul(s, s); nn >>= 1; } if (r.Item2 != 0) { return new Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger, bool>(0, 0, false); } if (r.Item1 * r.Item1 % p != n) { return new Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger, bool>(0, 0, false); } return new Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger, bool>(r.Item1, p - r.Item1, true); } static void Main(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine(C("10", "13")); Console.WriteLine(C("56", "101")); Console.WriteLine(C("8218", "10007")); Console.WriteLine(C("8219", "10007")); Console.WriteLine(C("331575", "1000003")); Console.WriteLine(C("665165880", "1000000007")); Console.WriteLine(C("881398088036", "1000000000039")); Console.WriteLine(C("34035243914635549601583369544560650254325084643201", "")); } } }
Imports System.Numerics Module Module1 ReadOnly BIG = BigInteger.Pow(10, 50) + 151 Function C(ns As String, ps As String) As Tuple(Of BigInteger, BigInteger, Boolean) Dim n = BigInteger.Parse(ns) Dim p = If(ps.Length > 0, BigInteger.Parse(ps), BIG) Dim ls = Function(a0 As BigInteger) BigInteger.ModPow(a0, (p - 1) / 2, p) If ls(n) <> 1 Then Return Tuple.Create(BigInteger.Zero, BigInteger.Zero, False) End If Dim a = BigInteger.Zero Dim omega2 As BigInteger Do omega2 = (a * a + p - n) Mod p If ls(omega2) = p - 1 Then Exit Do End If a += 1 Loop Dim mul = Function(aa As Tuple(Of BigInteger, BigInteger), bb As Tuple(Of BigInteger, BigInteger)) Return Tuple.Create((aa.Item1 * bb.Item1 + aa.Item2 * bb.Item2 * omega2) Mod p, (aa.Item1 * bb.Item2 + bb.Item1 * aa.Item2) Mod p) End Function Dim r = Tuple.Create(BigInteger.One, BigInteger.Zero) Dim s = Tuple.Create(a, BigInteger.One) Dim nn = ((p + 1) >> 1) Mod p While nn > 0 If nn Mod 2 = 1 Then r = mul(r, s) End If s = mul(s, s) nn >>= 1 End While If r.Item2 <> 0 Then Return Tuple.Create(BigInteger.Zero, BigInteger.Zero, False) End If If r.Item1 * r.Item1 Mod p <> n Then Return Tuple.Create(BigInteger.Zero, BigInteger.Zero, False) End If Return Tuple.Create(r.Item1, p - r.Item1, True) End Function Sub Main() Console.WriteLine(C("10", "13")) Console.WriteLine(C("56", "101")) Console.WriteLine(C("8218", "10007")) Console.WriteLine(C("8219", "10007")) Console.WriteLine(C("331575", "1000003")) Console.WriteLine(C("665165880", "1000000007")) Console.WriteLine(C("881398088036", "1000000000039")) Console.WriteLine(C("34035243914635549601583369544560650254325084643201", "")) End Sub End Module
Write the same algorithm in VB as shown in this C# implementation.
using System; using System.Numerics; namespace CipollaAlgorithm { class Program { static readonly BigInteger BIG = BigInteger.Pow(10, 50) + 151; private static Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger, bool> C(string ns, string ps) { BigInteger n = BigInteger.Parse(ns); BigInteger p = ps.Length > 0 ? BigInteger.Parse(ps) : BIG; BigInteger ls(BigInteger a0) => BigInteger.ModPow(a0, (p - 1) / 2, p); if (ls(n) != 1) { return new Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger, bool>(0, 0, false); } BigInteger a = 0; BigInteger omega2; while (true) { omega2 = (a * a + p - n) % p; if (ls(omega2) == p - 1) { break; } a += 1; } BigInteger finalOmega = omega2; Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger> mul(Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger> aa, Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger> bb) { return new Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger>( (aa.Item1 * bb.Item1 + aa.Item2 * bb.Item2 * finalOmega) % p, (aa.Item1 * bb.Item2 + bb.Item1 * aa.Item2) % p ); } Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger> r = new Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger>(1, 0); Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger> s = new Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger>(a, 1); BigInteger nn = ((p + 1) >> 1) % p; while (nn > 0) { if ((nn & 1) == 1) { r = mul(r, s); } s = mul(s, s); nn >>= 1; } if (r.Item2 != 0) { return new Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger, bool>(0, 0, false); } if (r.Item1 * r.Item1 % p != n) { return new Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger, bool>(0, 0, false); } return new Tuple<BigInteger, BigInteger, bool>(r.Item1, p - r.Item1, true); } static void Main(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine(C("10", "13")); Console.WriteLine(C("56", "101")); Console.WriteLine(C("8218", "10007")); Console.WriteLine(C("8219", "10007")); Console.WriteLine(C("331575", "1000003")); Console.WriteLine(C("665165880", "1000000007")); Console.WriteLine(C("881398088036", "1000000000039")); Console.WriteLine(C("34035243914635549601583369544560650254325084643201", "")); } } }
Imports System.Numerics Module Module1 ReadOnly BIG = BigInteger.Pow(10, 50) + 151 Function C(ns As String, ps As String) As Tuple(Of BigInteger, BigInteger, Boolean) Dim n = BigInteger.Parse(ns) Dim p = If(ps.Length > 0, BigInteger.Parse(ps), BIG) Dim ls = Function(a0 As BigInteger) BigInteger.ModPow(a0, (p - 1) / 2, p) If ls(n) <> 1 Then Return Tuple.Create(BigInteger.Zero, BigInteger.Zero, False) End If Dim a = BigInteger.Zero Dim omega2 As BigInteger Do omega2 = (a * a + p - n) Mod p If ls(omega2) = p - 1 Then Exit Do End If a += 1 Loop Dim mul = Function(aa As Tuple(Of BigInteger, BigInteger), bb As Tuple(Of BigInteger, BigInteger)) Return Tuple.Create((aa.Item1 * bb.Item1 + aa.Item2 * bb.Item2 * omega2) Mod p, (aa.Item1 * bb.Item2 + bb.Item1 * aa.Item2) Mod p) End Function Dim r = Tuple.Create(BigInteger.One, BigInteger.Zero) Dim s = Tuple.Create(a, BigInteger.One) Dim nn = ((p + 1) >> 1) Mod p While nn > 0 If nn Mod 2 = 1 Then r = mul(r, s) End If s = mul(s, s) nn >>= 1 End While If r.Item2 <> 0 Then Return Tuple.Create(BigInteger.Zero, BigInteger.Zero, False) End If If r.Item1 * r.Item1 Mod p <> n Then Return Tuple.Create(BigInteger.Zero, BigInteger.Zero, False) End If Return Tuple.Create(r.Item1, p - r.Item1, True) End Function Sub Main() Console.WriteLine(C("10", "13")) Console.WriteLine(C("56", "101")) Console.WriteLine(C("8218", "10007")) Console.WriteLine(C("8219", "10007")) Console.WriteLine(C("331575", "1000003")) Console.WriteLine(C("665165880", "1000000007")) Console.WriteLine(C("881398088036", "1000000000039")) Console.WriteLine(C("34035243914635549601583369544560650254325084643201", "")) End Sub End Module
Produce a functionally identical VB code for the snippet given in C#.
string path = @"C:\Windows\System32"; string multiline = @"Line 1. Line 2. Line 3.";
Debug.Print "Tom said, ""The fox ran away.""" Debug.Print "Tom said,
Convert the following code from C# to VB, ensuring the logic remains intact.
using System; using System.Drawing; using System.Windows.Forms; static class Program { static void Main() { Rectangle bounds = Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds; Console.WriteLine($"Primary screen bounds: {bounds.Width}x{bounds.Height}"); Rectangle workingArea = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea; Console.WriteLine($"Primary screen working area: {workingArea.Width}x{workingArea.Height}"); } }
TYPE syswindowstru screenheight AS INTEGER screenwidth AS INTEGER maxheight AS INTEGER maxwidth AS INTEGER END TYPE DIM syswindow AS syswindowstru syswindow.screenwidth = Screen.Width / Screen.TwipsPerPixelX syswindow.screenheight=Screen.Height / Screen.TwipsPerPixelY
Produce a functionally identical VB code for the snippet given in C#.
enum fruits { apple, banana, cherry } enum fruits { apple = 0, banana = 1, cherry = 2 } enum fruits : int { apple = 0, banana = 1, cherry = 2 } [FlagsAttribute] enum Colors { Red = 1, Green = 2, Blue = 4, Yellow = 8 }
Enum fruits apple banana cherry End Enum Enum fruits2 pear = 5 mango = 10 kiwi = 20 pineapple = 20 End Enum Sub test() Dim f As fruits f = apple Debug.Print "apple equals "; f Debug.Print "kiwi equals "; kiwi Debug.Print "cherry plus kiwi plus pineapple equals "; cherry + kiwi + pineapple End Sub
Convert the following code from C# to VB, ensuring the logic remains intact.
using System; class Program { static void Main() { uint[] r = items1(); Console.WriteLine(r[0] + " v " + r[1] + " a " + r[2] + " b"); var sw = System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch.StartNew(); for (int i = 1000; i > 0; i--) items1(); Console.Write(sw.Elapsed); Console.Read(); } static uint[] items0() { uint v, v0 = 0, a, b, c, a0 = 0, b0 = 0, c0 = 0; for (a = 0; a <= 10; a++) for (b = 0; a * 5 + b * 3 <= 50; b++) for (c = 0; a * 25 + b * 15 + c * 2 <= 250 && a * 3 + b * 2 + c * 20 <= 250; c++) if (v0 < (v = a * 30 + b * 18 + c * 25)) { v0 = v; a0 = a; b0 = b; c0 = c; } return new uint[] { a0, b0, c0 }; } static uint[] items1() { uint v, v0 = 0, a, b, c, a0 = 0, b0 = 0, c0 = 0, c1 = 0; for (a = 0; a <= 10; a++) for (b = 0; a * 5 + b * 3 <= 50; b++) { c = (250 - a * 25 - b * 15) / 2; if ((c1 = (250 - a * 3 - b * 2) / 20) < c) c = c1; if (v0 < (v = a * 30 + b * 18 + c * 25)) { v0 = v; a0 = a; b0 = b; c0 = c; } } return new uint[] { a0, b0, c0 }; } }
Function Min(E1, E2): Min = IIf(E1 < E2, E1, E2): End Function Sub Main() Const Value = 0, Weight = 1, Volume = 2, PC = 3, IC = 4, GC = 5 Dim P&, I&, G&, A&, M, Cur(Value To Volume) Dim S As New Collection: S.Add Array(0) Const SackW = 25, SackV = 0.25 Dim Panacea: Panacea = Array(3000, 0.3, 0.025) Dim Ichor: Ichor = Array(1800, 0.2, 0.015) Dim Gold: Gold = Array(2500, 2, 0.002) For P = 0 To Int(Min(SackW / Panacea(Weight), SackV / Panacea(Volume))) For I = 0 To Int(Min(SackW / Ichor(Weight), SackV / Ichor(Volume))) For G = 0 To Int(Min(SackW / Gold(Weight), SackV / Gold(Volume))) For A = Value To Volume: Cur(A) = G * Gold(A) + I * Ichor(A) + P * Panacea(A): Next If Cur(Value) >= S(1)(Value) And Cur(Weight) <= SackW And Cur(Volume) <= SackV Then _ S.Add Array(Cur(Value), Cur(Weight), Cur(Volume), P, I, G), , 1 Next G, I, P Debug.Print "Value", "Weight", "Volume", "PanaceaCount", "IchorCount", "GoldCount" For Each M In S If M(Value) = S(1)(Value) Then Debug.Print M(Value), M(Weight), M(Volume), M(PC), M(IC), M(GC) Next End Sub
Generate an equivalent VB version of this C# code.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; class RangeExtraction { static void Main() { const string testString = "0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 14,15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24,25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36,37, 38, 39"; var result = String.Join(",", RangesToStrings(GetRanges(testString))); Console.Out.WriteLine(result); } public static IEnumerable<IEnumerable<int>> GetRanges(string testString) { var numbers = testString.Split(new[] { ',' }).Select(x => Convert.ToInt32(x)); var current = new List<int>(); foreach (var n in numbers) { if (current.Count == 0) { current.Add(n); } else { if (current.Max() + 1 == n) { current.Add(n); } else { yield return current; current = new List<int> { n }; } } } yield return current; } public static IEnumerable<string> RangesToStrings(IEnumerable<IEnumerable<int>> ranges) { foreach (var range in ranges) { if (range.Count() == 1) { yield return range.Single().ToString(); } else if (range.Count() == 2) { yield return range.Min() + "," + range.Max(); } else { yield return range.Min() + "-" + range.Max(); } } } }
Public Function RangeExtraction(AList) As String Const RangeDelim = "-" Dim result As String Dim InRange As Boolean Dim Posn, ub, lb, rangestart, rangelen As Integer result = "" ub = UBound(AList) lb = LBound(AList) Posn = lb While Posn < ub rangestart = Posn rangelen = 0 InRange = True While InRange rangelen = rangelen + 1 If Posn = ub Then InRange = False Else InRange = (AList(Posn + 1) = AList(Posn) + 1) Posn = Posn + 1 End If Wend If rangelen > 2 Then result = result & "," & Format$(AList(rangestart)) & RangeDelim & Format$(AList(rangestart + rangelen - 1)) Else For i = rangestart To rangestart + rangelen - 1 result = result & "," & Format$(AList(i)) Next End If Posn = rangestart + rangelen Wend RangeExtraction = Mid$(result, 2) End Function Public Sub RangeTest() Dim MyList As Variant MyList = Array(0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39) Debug.Print "a) "; RangeExtraction(MyList) Dim MyOtherList(1 To 20) As Integer MyOtherList(1) = -6 MyOtherList(2) = -3 MyOtherList(3) = -2 MyOtherList(4) = -1 MyOtherList(5) = 0 MyOtherList(6) = 1 MyOtherList(7) = 3 MyOtherList(8) = 4 MyOtherList(9) = 5 MyOtherList(10) = 7 MyOtherList(11) = 8 MyOtherList(12) = 9 MyOtherList(13) = 10 MyOtherList(14) = 11 MyOtherList(15) = 14 MyOtherList(16) = 15 MyOtherList(17) = 17 MyOtherList(18) = 18 MyOtherList(19) = 19 MyOtherList(20) = 20 Debug.Print "b) "; RangeExtraction(MyOtherList) End Sub
Please provide an equivalent version of this C# code in VB.
using System; namespace TypeDetection { class C { } struct S { } enum E { NONE, } class Program { static void ShowType<T>(T t) { Console.WriteLine("The type of '{0}' is {1}", t, t.GetType()); } static void Main() { ShowType(5); ShowType(7.5); ShowType('d'); ShowType(true); ShowType("Rosetta"); ShowType(new C()); ShowType(new S()); ShowType(E.NONE); ShowType(new int[] { 1, 2, 3 }); } } }
Public Sub main() Dim c(1) As Currency Dim d(1) As Double Dim dt(1) As Date Dim a(1) As Integer Dim l(1) As Long Dim s(1) As Single Dim e As Variant Dim o As Object Set o = New Application Debug.Print TypeName(o) Debug.Print TypeName(1 = 1) Debug.Print TypeName(CByte(1)) Set o = New Collection Debug.Print TypeName(o) Debug.Print TypeName(1@) Debug.Print TypeName(c) Debug.Print TypeName(CDate(1)) Debug.Print TypeName(dt) Debug.Print TypeName(CDec(1)) Debug.Print TypeName(1#) Debug.Print TypeName(d) Debug.Print TypeName(e) Debug.Print TypeName(CVErr(1)) Debug.Print TypeName(1) Debug.Print TypeName(a) Debug.Print TypeName(1&) Debug.Print TypeName(l) Set o = Nothing Debug.Print TypeName(o) Debug.Print TypeName([A1]) Debug.Print TypeName(1!) Debug.Print TypeName(s) Debug.Print TypeName(CStr(1)) Debug.Print TypeName(Worksheets(1)) End Sub
Transform the following C# implementation into VB, maintaining the same output and logic.
using System; namespace RosetaCode { class MainClass { public static void Main (string[] args) { int[,] list = new int[18,19]; string input = @"55 94 48 95 30 96 77 71 26 67 97 13 76 38 45 07 36 79 16 37 68 48 07 09 18 70 26 06 18 72 79 46 59 79 29 90 20 76 87 11 32 07 07 49 18 27 83 58 35 71 11 25 57 29 85 14 64 36 96 27 11 58 56 92 18 55 02 90 03 60 48 49 41 46 33 36 47 23 92 50 48 02 36 59 42 79 72 20 82 77 42 56 78 38 80 39 75 02 71 66 66 01 03 55 72 44 25 67 84 71 67 11 61 40 57 58 89 40 56 36 85 32 25 85 57 48 84 35 47 62 17 01 01 99 89 52 06 71 28 75 94 48 37 10 23 51 06 48 53 18 74 98 15 27 02 92 23 08 71 76 84 15 52 92 63 81 10 44 10 69 93"; var charArray = input.Split ('\n'); for (int i=0; i < charArray.Length; i++) { var numArr = charArray[i].Trim().Split(' '); for (int j = 0; j<numArr.Length; j++) { int number = Convert.ToInt32 (numArr[j]); list [i, j] = number; } } for (int i = 16; i >= 0; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < 18; j++) { list[i,j] = Math.Max(list[i, j] + list[i+1, j], list[i,j] + list[i+1, j+1]); } } Console.WriteLine (string.Format("Maximum total: {0}", list [0, 0])); } } }
Set objfso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") Set objinfile = objfso.OpenTextFile(objfso.GetParentFolderName(WScript.ScriptFullName) &_ "\triangle.txt",1,False) row = Split(objinfile.ReadAll,vbCrLf) For i = UBound(row) To 0 Step -1 row(i) = Split(row(i)," ") If i < UBound(row) Then For j = 0 To UBound(row(i)) If (row(i)(j) + row(i+1)(j)) > (row(i)(j) + row(i+1)(j+1)) Then row(i)(j) = CInt(row(i)(j)) + CInt(row(i+1)(j)) Else row(i)(j) = CInt(row(i)(j)) + CInt(row(i+1)(j+1)) End If Next End If Next WScript.Echo row(0)(0) objinfile.Close Set objfso = Nothing
Port the following code from C# to VB with equivalent syntax and logic.
using System; using System.Text; namespace Rosetta { class Program { static byte[] MyEncoder(int codepoint) => Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(char.ConvertFromUtf32(codepoint)); static string MyDecoder(byte[] utf8bytes) => Encoding.UTF8.GetString(utf8bytes); static void Main(string[] args) { Console.OutputEncoding = Encoding.UTF8; foreach (int unicodePoint in new int[] { 0x0041, 0x00F6, 0x0416, 0x20AC, 0x1D11E}) { byte[] asUtf8bytes = MyEncoder(unicodePoint); string theCharacter = MyDecoder(asUtf8bytes); Console.WriteLine("{0,8} {1,5} {2,-15}", unicodePoint.ToString("X4"), theCharacter, BitConverter.ToString(asUtf8bytes)); } } } }
Private Function unicode_2_utf8(x As Long) As Byte() Dim y() As Byte Dim r As Long Select Case x Case 0 To &H7F ReDim y(0) y(0) = x Case &H80 To &H7FF ReDim y(1) y(0) = 192 + x \ 64 y(1) = 128 + x Mod 64 Case &H800 To &H7FFF ReDim y(2) y(2) = 128 + x Mod 64 r = x \ 64 y(1) = 128 + r Mod 64 y(0) = 224 + r \ 64 Case 32768 To 65535 ReDim y(2) y(2) = 128 + x Mod 64 r = x \ 64 y(1) = 128 + r Mod 64 y(0) = 224 + r \ 64 Case &H10000 To &H10FFFF ReDim y(3) y(3) = 128 + x Mod 64 r = x \ 64 y(2) = 128 + r Mod 64 r = r \ 64 y(1) = 128 + r Mod 64 y(0) = 240 + r \ 64 Case Else MsgBox "what else?" & x & " " & Hex(x) End Select unicode_2_utf8 = y End Function Private Function utf8_2_unicode(x() As Byte) As Long Dim first As Long, second As Long, third As Long, fourth As Long Dim total As Long Select Case UBound(x) - LBound(x) Case 0 If x(0) < 128 Then total = x(0) Else MsgBox "highest bit set error" End If Case 1 If x(0) \ 32 = 6 Then first = x(0) Mod 32 If x(1) \ 64 = 2 Then second = x(1) Mod 64 Else MsgBox "mask error" End If Else MsgBox "leading byte error" End If total = 64 * first + second Case 2 If x(0) \ 16 = 14 Then first = x(0) Mod 16 If x(1) \ 64 = 2 Then second = x(1) Mod 64 If x(2) \ 64 = 2 Then third = x(2) Mod 64 Else MsgBox "mask error last byte" End If Else MsgBox "mask error middle byte" End If Else MsgBox "leading byte error" End If total = 4096 * first + 64 * second + third Case 3 If x(0) \ 8 = 30 Then first = x(0) Mod 8 If x(1) \ 64 = 2 Then second = x(1) Mod 64 If x(2) \ 64 = 2 Then third = x(2) Mod 64 If x(3) \ 64 = 2 Then fourth = x(3) Mod 64 Else MsgBox "mask error last byte" End If Else MsgBox "mask error third byte" End If Else MsgBox "mask error second byte" End If Else MsgBox "mask error leading byte" End If total = CLng(262144 * first + 4096 * second + 64 * third + fourth) Case Else MsgBox "more bytes than expected" End Select utf8_2_unicode = total End Function Public Sub program() Dim cp As Variant Dim r() As Byte, s As String cp = [{65, 246, 1046, 8364, 119070}] Debug.Print "ch unicode UTF-8 encoded decoded" For Each cpi In cp r = unicode_2_utf8(CLng(cpi)) On Error Resume Next s = CStr(Hex(cpi)) Debug.Print ChrW(cpi); String$(10 - Len(s), " "); s, If Err.Number = 5 Then Debug.Print "?"; String$(10 - Len(s), " "); s, s = "" For Each yz In r s = s & CStr(Hex(yz)) & " " Next yz Debug.Print String$(13 - Len(s), " "); s; s = CStr(Hex(utf8_2_unicode(r))) Debug.Print String$(8 - Len(s), " "); s Next cpi End Sub
Change the following C# code into VB without altering its purpose.
using System; namespace MagicSquareDoublyEven { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { int n = 8; var result = MagicSquareDoublyEven(n); for (int i = 0; i < result.GetLength(0); i++) { for (int j = 0; j < result.GetLength(1); j++) Console.Write("{0,2} ", result[i, j]); Console.WriteLine(); } Console.WriteLine("\nMagic constant: {0} ", (n * n + 1) * n / 2); Console.ReadLine(); } private static int[,] MagicSquareDoublyEven(int n) { if (n < 4 || n % 4 != 0) throw new ArgumentException("base must be a positive " + "multiple of 4"); int bits = 0b1001_0110_0110_1001; int size = n * n; int mult = n / 4; int[,] result = new int[n, n]; for (int r = 0, i = 0; r < n; r++) { for (int c = 0; c < n; c++, i++) { int bitPos = c / mult + (r / mult) * 4; result[r, c] = (bits & (1 << bitPos)) != 0 ? i + 1 : size - i; } } return result; } } }
n=8 pattern="1001011001101001" size=n*n: w=len(size) mult=n\4 wscript.echo "Magic square : " & n & " x " & n i=0 For r=0 To n-1 l="" For c=0 To n-1 bit=Mid(pattern, c\mult+(r\mult)*4+1, 1) If bit="1" Then t=i+1 Else t=size-i l=l & Right(Space(w) & t, w) & " " i=i+1 Next wscript.echo l Next wscript.echo "Magic constant=" & (n*n+1)*n/2
Convert this C# snippet to VB and keep its semantics consistent.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; namespace MoveToFront { class Program { private static char[] symbolTable; private static void setSymbolTable() { symbolTable = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz".ToCharArray(); } private static void moveToFront(int charIndex) { char toFront = symbolTable[charIndex]; for (int j = charIndex; j > 0; j--) { symbolTable[j] = symbolTable[j - 1]; } symbolTable[0] = toFront; } public static int[] Encode(string input) { setSymbolTable(); var output = new List<int>(); foreach (char c in input) { for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { if (symbolTable[i] == c) { output.Add(i); moveToFront(i); break; } } } return output.ToArray(); } public static string Decode(int[] input) { setSymbolTable(); var output = new StringBuilder(input.Length); foreach (int n in input) { output.Append(symbolTable[n]); moveToFront(n); } return output.ToString(); } static void Main(string[] args) { string[] testInputs = new string[] { "broood", "bananaaa", "hiphophiphop" }; int[] encoding; foreach (string s in testInputs) { Console.WriteLine($"Encoding for '{s}':"); encoding = Encode(s); foreach (int i in encoding) { Console.Write($"{i} "); } Console.WriteLine($"\nDecoding for '{s}':"); Console.WriteLine($"{Decode(encoding)}\n"); } } } }
Function mtf_encode(s) Set symbol_table = CreateObject("System.Collections.ArrayList") For j = 97 To 122 symbol_table.Add Chr(j) Next output = "" For i = 1 To Len(s) char = Mid(s,i,1) If i = Len(s) Then output = output & symbol_table.IndexOf(char,0) symbol_table.RemoveAt(symbol_table.LastIndexOf(char)) symbol_table.Insert 0,char Else output = output & symbol_table.IndexOf(char,0) & " " symbol_table.RemoveAt(symbol_table.LastIndexOf(char)) symbol_table.Insert 0,char End If Next mtf_encode = output End Function Function mtf_decode(s) code = Split(s," ") Set symbol_table = CreateObject("System.Collections.ArrayList") For j = 97 To 122 symbol_table.Add Chr(j) Next output = "" For i = 0 To UBound(code) char = symbol_table(code(i)) output = output & char If code(i) <> 0 Then symbol_table.RemoveAt(symbol_table.LastIndexOf(char)) symbol_table.Insert 0,char End If Next mtf_decode = output End Function wordlist = Array("broood","bananaaa","hiphophiphop") For Each word In wordlist WScript.StdOut.Write word & " encodes as " & mtf_encode(word) & " and decodes as " &_ mtf_decode(mtf_encode(word)) & "." WScript.StdOut.WriteBlankLines(1) Next
Write a version of this C# function in VB with identical behavior.
using System.Diagnostics; namespace Execute { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Process.Start("cmd.exe", "/c dir"); } } }
Set objShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell") objShell.Run "%comspec% /K dir",3,True
Can you help me rewrite this code in VB instead of C#, keeping it the same logically?
using System; using System.Xml; using System.Xml.Schema; using System.IO; public class Test { public static void Main() { XmlSchemaSet sc = new XmlSchemaSet(); sc.Add(null, "http: XmlReaderSettings settings = new XmlReaderSettings(); settings.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema; settings.Schemas = sc; settings.ValidationEventHandler += new ValidationEventHandler(ValidationCallBack); XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create("http: while (reader.Read()); Console.WriteLine("The XML file is valid for the given xsd file"); } private static void ValidationCallBack(object sender, ValidationEventArgs e) { Console.WriteLine("Validation Error: {0}", e.Message); } }
Option explicit Function fileexists(fn) fileexists= CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").FileExists(fn) End Function Function xmlvalid(strfilename) Dim xmldoc,xmldoc2,objSchemas Set xmlDoc = CreateObject("Msxml2.DOMDocument.6.0") If fileexists(Replace(strfilename,".xml",".dtd")) Then xmlDoc.setProperty "ProhibitDTD", False xmlDoc.setProperty "ResolveExternals", True xmlDoc.validateOnParse = True xmlDoc.async = False xmlDoc.load(strFileName) ElseIf fileexists(Replace(strfilename,".xml",".xsd")) Then xmlDoc.setProperty "ProhibitDTD", True xmlDoc.setProperty "ResolveExternals", True xmlDoc.validateOnParse = True xmlDoc.async = False xmlDoc.load(strFileName) Set xmlDoc2 = CreateObject("Msxml2.DOMDocument.6.0") xmlDoc2.validateOnParse = True xmlDoc2.async = False xmlDoc2.load(Replace (strfilename,".xml",".xsd")) Set objSchemas = CreateObject("MSXML2.XMLSchemaCache.6.0") objSchemas.Add "", xmlDoc2 Else Set xmlvalid= Nothing:Exit Function End If Set xmlvalid=xmldoc.parseError End Function Sub displayerror (parserr) Dim strresult If parserr is Nothing Then strresult= "could not find dtd or xsd for " & strFileName Else With parserr Select Case .errorcode Case 0 strResult = "Valid: " & strFileName & vbCr Case Else strResult = vbCrLf & "ERROR! Failed to validate " & _ strFileName & vbCrLf &.reason & vbCr & _ "Error code: " & .errorCode & ", Line: " & _ .line & ", Character: " & _ .linepos & ", Source: """ & _ .srcText & """ - " & vbCrLf End Select End With End If WScript.Echo strresult End Sub Dim strfilename strfilename="shiporder.xml" displayerror xmlvalid (strfilename)
Convert this C# snippet to VB and keep its semantics consistent.
using System; using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; public static class LIS { public static IEnumerable<T> FindRec<T>(IList<T> values, IComparer<T> comparer = null) => values == null ? throw new ArgumentNullException() : FindRecImpl(values, Sequence<T>.Empty, 0, comparer ?? Comparer<T>.Default).Reverse(); private static Sequence<T> FindRecImpl<T>(IList<T> values, Sequence<T> current, int index, IComparer<T> comparer) { if (index == values.Count) return current; if (current.Length > 0 && comparer.Compare(values[index], current.Value) <= 0) return FindRecImpl(values, current, index + 1, comparer); return Max( FindRecImpl(values, current, index + 1, comparer), FindRecImpl(values, current + values[index], index + 1, comparer) ); } private static Sequence<T> Max<T>(Sequence<T> a, Sequence<T> b) => a.Length < b.Length ? b : a; class Sequence<T> : IEnumerable<T> { public static readonly Sequence<T> Empty = new Sequence<T>(default(T), null); public Sequence(T value, Sequence<T> tail) { Value = value; Tail = tail; Length = tail == null ? 0 : tail.Length + 1; } public T Value { get; } public Sequence<T> Tail { get; } public int Length { get; } public static Sequence<T> operator +(Sequence<T> s, T value) => new Sequence<T>(value, s); public IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator() { for (var s = this; s.Length > 0; s = s.Tail) yield return s.Value; } IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator(); } }
Function LIS(arr) n = UBound(arr) Dim p() ReDim p(n) Dim m() ReDim m(n) l = 0 For i = 0 To n lo = 1 hi = l Do While lo <= hi middle = Int((lo+hi)/2) If arr(m(middle)) < arr(i) Then lo = middle + 1 Else hi = middle - 1 End If Loop newl = lo p(i) = m(newl-1) m(newl) = i If newL > l Then l = newl End If Next Dim s() ReDim s(l) k = m(l) For i = l-1 To 0 Step - 1 s(i) = arr(k) k = p(k) Next LIS = Join(s,",") End Function WScript.StdOut.WriteLine LIS(Array(3,2,6,4,5,1)) WScript.StdOut.WriteLine LIS(Array(0,8,4,12,2,10,6,14,1,9,5,13,3,11,7,15))
Generate an equivalent VB version of this C# code.
using System; using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using static System.Linq.Enumerable; public static class BraceExpansion { enum TokenType { OpenBrace, CloseBrace, Separator, Text, Alternate, Concat } const char L = '{', R = '}', S = ','; public static void Main() { string[] input = { "It{{em,alic}iz,erat}e{d,}, please.", "~/{Downloads,Pictures}/*.{jpg,gif,png}", @"{,{,gotta have{ ,\, again\, }}more }cowbell!", @"{}} some }{,{\\{ edge, edge} \,}{ cases, {here} \\\\\}" }; foreach (string text in input) Expand(text); } static void Expand(string input) { Token token = Tokenize(input); foreach (string value in token) Console.WriteLine(value); Console.WriteLine(); } static Token Tokenize(string input) { var tokens = new List<Token>(); var buffer = new StringBuilder(); bool escaping = false; int level = 0; foreach (char c in input) { (escaping, level, tokens, buffer) = c switch { _ when escaping => (false, level, tokens, buffer.Append(c)), '\\' => (true, level, tokens, buffer.Append(c)), L => (escaping, level + 1, tokens.With(buffer.Flush()).With(new Token(c.ToString(), TokenType.OpenBrace)), buffer), S when level > 0 => (escaping, level, tokens.With(buffer.Flush()).With(new Token(c.ToString(), TokenType.Separator)), buffer), R when level > 0 => (escaping, level - 1, tokens.With(buffer.Flush()).With(new Token(c.ToString(), TokenType.CloseBrace)).Merge(), buffer), _ => (escaping, level, tokens, buffer.Append(c)) }; } if (buffer.Length > 0) tokens.Add(buffer.Flush()); for (int i = 0; i < tokens.Count; i++) { if (tokens[i].Type == TokenType.OpenBrace || tokens[i].Type == TokenType.Separator) { tokens[i] = tokens[i].Value; } } return new Token(tokens, TokenType.Concat); } static List<Token> Merge(this List<Token> list) { int separators = 0; int last = list.Count - 1; for (int i = list.Count - 3; i >= 0; i--) { if (list[i].Type == TokenType.Separator) { separators++; Concat(list, i + 1, last); list.RemoveAt(i); last = i; } else if (list[i].Type == TokenType.OpenBrace) { Concat(list, i + 1, last); if (separators > 0) { list[i] = new Token(list.Range((i+1)..^1), TokenType.Alternate); list.RemoveRange(i+1, list.Count - i - 1); } else { list[i] = L.ToString(); list[^1] = R.ToString(); Concat(list, i, list.Count); } break; } } return list; } static void Concat(List<Token> list, int s, int e) { for (int i = e - 2; i >= s; i--) { (Token a, Token b) = (list[i], list[i+1]); switch (a.Type, b.Type) { case (TokenType.Text, TokenType.Text): list[i] = a.Value + b.Value; list.RemoveAt(i+1); break; case (TokenType.Concat, TokenType.Concat): a.SubTokens.AddRange(b.SubTokens); list.RemoveAt(i+1); break; case (TokenType.Concat, TokenType.Text) when b.Value == "": list.RemoveAt(i+1); break; case (TokenType.Text, TokenType.Concat) when a.Value == "": list.RemoveAt(i); break; default: list[i] = new Token(new [] { a, b }, TokenType.Concat); list.RemoveAt(i+1); break; } } } private struct Token : IEnumerable<string> { private List<Token>? _subTokens; public string Value { get; } public TokenType Type { get; } public List<Token> SubTokens => _subTokens ??= new List<Token>(); public Token(string value, TokenType type) => (Value, Type, _subTokens) = (value, type, null); public Token(IEnumerable<Token> subTokens, TokenType type) => (Value, Type, _subTokens) = ("", type, subTokens.ToList()); public static implicit operator Token(string value) => new Token(value, TokenType.Text); public IEnumerator<string> GetEnumerator() => (Type switch { TokenType.Concat => SubTokens.Select(t => t.AsEnumerable()).CartesianProduct().Select(p => string.Join("", p)), TokenType.Alternate => from t in SubTokens from s in t select s, _ => Repeat(Value, 1) }).GetEnumerator(); IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator(); } static IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> CartesianProduct<T>(this IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> sequences) { IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> emptyProduct = new[] { Empty<T>() }; return sequences.Aggregate( emptyProduct, (accumulator, sequence) => from acc in accumulator from item in sequence select acc.Concat(new [] { item })); } static List<Token> With(this List<Token> list, Token token) { list.Add(token); return list; } static IEnumerable<Token> Range(this List<Token> list, Range range) { int start = range.Start.GetOffset(list.Count); int end = range.End.GetOffset(list.Count); for (int i = start; i < end; i++) yield return list[i]; } static string Flush(this StringBuilder builder) { string result = builder.ToString(); builder.Clear(); return result; } }
Module Module1 Function GetGroup(s As String, depth As Integer) As Tuple(Of List(Of String), String) Dim out As New List(Of String) Dim comma = False While Not String.IsNullOrEmpty(s) Dim gs = GetItem(s, depth) Dim g = gs.Item1 s = gs.Item2 If String.IsNullOrEmpty(s) Then Exit While End If out.AddRange(g) If s(0) = "}" Then If comma Then Return Tuple.Create(out, s.Substring(1)) End If Return Tuple.Create(out.Select(Function(a) "{" + a + "}").ToList(), s.Substring(1)) End If If s(0) = "," Then comma = True s = s.Substring(1) End If End While Return Nothing End Function Function GetItem(s As String, Optional depth As Integer = 0) As Tuple(Of List(Of String), String) Dim out As New List(Of String) From {""} While Not String.IsNullOrEmpty(s) Dim c = s(0) If depth > 0 AndAlso (c = "," OrElse c = "}") Then Return Tuple.Create(out, s) End If If c = "{" Then Dim x = GetGroup(s.Substring(1), depth + 1) If Not IsNothing(x) Then Dim tout As New List(Of String) For Each a In out For Each b In x.Item1 tout.Add(a + b) Next Next out = tout s = x.Item2 Continue While End If End If If c = "\" AndAlso s.Length > 1 Then c += s(1) s = s.Substring(1) End If out = out.Select(Function(a) a + c).ToList() s = s.Substring(1) End While Return Tuple.Create(out, s) End Function Sub Main() For Each s In { "It{{em,alic}iz,erat}e{d,}, please.", "~/{Downloads,Pictures}/*.{jpg,gif,png}", "{,{,gotta have{ ,\, again\, }}more }cowbell!", "{}} some }{,{\\{ edge, edge} \,}{ cases, {here} \\\\\}" } Dim fmt = "{0}" + vbNewLine + vbTab + "{1}" Dim parts = GetItem(s) Dim res = String.Join(vbNewLine + vbTab, parts.Item1) Console.WriteLine(fmt, s, res) Next End Sub End Module
Generate a VB translation of this C# snippet without changing its computational steps.
using System; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Windows.Forms; class RosettaInteractionForm : Form { class NumberModel: INotifyPropertyChanged { Random rnd = new Random(); public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged = delegate {}; int _value; public int Value { get { return _value; } set { _value = value; PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("Value")); } } public void ResetToRandom(){ Value = rnd.Next(5000); } } NumberModel model = new NumberModel{ Value = 0}; RosettaInteractionForm() { var tbNumber = new MaskedTextBox { Mask="0000", ResetOnSpace = false, Dock = DockStyle.Top }; tbNumber.DataBindings.Add("Text", model, "Value"); var btIncrement = new Button{Text = "Increment", Dock = DockStyle.Bottom}; btIncrement.Click += delegate { model.Value++; }; var btDecrement = new Button{Text = "Decrement", Dock = DockStyle.Bottom}; btDecrement.Click += delegate { model.Value--; }; var btRandom = new Button{ Text="Reset to Random", Dock = DockStyle.Bottom }; btRandom.Click += delegate { if (MessageBox.Show("Are you sure?", "Are you sure?", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo) == DialogResult.Yes) model.ResetToRandom(); }; Controls.Add(tbNumber); Controls.Add(btIncrement); Controls.Add(btDecrement); Controls.Add(btRandom); } static void Main() { Application.Run(new RosettaInteractionForm()); } }
VERSION 5.00 Begin VB.Form Form1 Caption = "Form1" ClientHeight = 2265 ClientLeft = 60 ClientTop = 600 ClientWidth = 2175 LinkTopic = "Form1" ScaleHeight = 2265 ScaleWidth = 2175 StartUpPosition = 3 Begin VB.CommandButton cmdRnd Caption = "Random" Height = 495 Left = 120 TabIndex = 2 Top = 1680 Width = 1215 End Begin VB.CommandButton cmdInc Caption = "Increment" Height = 495 Left = 120 TabIndex = 1 Top = 1080 Width = 1215 End Begin VB.TextBox txtValue Height = 495 Left = 120 TabIndex = 0 Text = "0" Top = 240 Width = 1215 End End Attribute VB_Name = "Form1" Attribute VB_GlobalNameSpace = False Attribute VB_Creatable = False Attribute VB_PredeclaredId = True Attribute VB_Exposed = False Private Sub Form_Load() Randomize Timer End Sub Private Sub cmdRnd_Click() If MsgBox("Random?", vbYesNo) Then txtValue.Text = Int(Rnd * 11) End Sub Private Sub cmdInc_Click() If Val(txtValue.Text) < 10 Then txtValue.Text = Val(txtValue.Text) + 1 End Sub Private Sub txtValue_KeyPress(KeyAscii As Integer) Select Case KeyAscii Case 8, 43, 45, 48 To 57 Case Else KeyAscii = 0 End Select End Sub
Write the same algorithm in VB as shown in this C# implementation.
class Program { private static Random rnd = new Random(); public static int one_of_n(int n) { int currentChoice = 1; for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) { double outerLimit = 1D / (double)i; if (rnd.NextDouble() < outerLimit) currentChoice = i; } return currentChoice; } static void Main(string[] args) { Dictionary<int, int> results = new Dictionary<int, int>(); for (int i = 1; i < 11; i++) results.Add(i, 0); for (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) { int result = one_of_n(10); results[result] = results[result] + 1; } for (int i = 1; i < 11; i++) Console.WriteLine("{0}\t{1}", i, results[i]); Console.ReadLine(); } }
Dim chosen(10) For j = 1 To 1000000 c = one_of_n(10) chosen(c) = chosen(c) + 1 Next For k = 1 To 10 WScript.StdOut.WriteLine k & ". " & chosen(k) Next Function one_of_n(n) Randomize For i = 1 To n If Rnd(1) < 1/i Then one_of_n = i End If Next End Function
Produce a functionally identical VB code for the snippet given in C#.
using System; namespace AdditionChains { class Program { static int[] Prepend(int n, int[] seq) { int[] result = new int[seq.Length + 1]; Array.Copy(seq, 0, result, 1, seq.Length); result[0] = n; return result; } static Tuple<int, int> CheckSeq(int pos, int[] seq, int n, int min_len) { if (pos > min_len || seq[0] > n) return new Tuple<int, int>(min_len, 0); if (seq[0] == n) return new Tuple<int, int>(pos, 1); if (pos < min_len) return TryPerm(0, pos, seq, n, min_len); return new Tuple<int, int>(min_len, 0); } static Tuple<int, int> TryPerm(int i, int pos, int[] seq, int n, int min_len) { if (i > pos) return new Tuple<int, int>(min_len, 0); Tuple<int, int> res1 = CheckSeq(pos + 1, Prepend(seq[0] + seq[i], seq), n, min_len); Tuple<int, int> res2 = TryPerm(i + 1, pos, seq, n, res1.Item1); if (res2.Item1 < res1.Item1) return res2; if (res2.Item1 == res1.Item1) return new Tuple<int, int>(res2.Item1, res1.Item2 + res2.Item2); throw new Exception("TryPerm exception"); } static Tuple<int, int> InitTryPerm(int x) { return TryPerm(0, 0, new int[] { 1 }, x, 12); } static void FindBrauer(int num) { Tuple<int, int> res = InitTryPerm(num); Console.WriteLine(); Console.WriteLine("N = {0}", num); Console.WriteLine("Minimum length of chains: L(n)= {0}", res.Item1); Console.WriteLine("Number of minimum length Brauer chains: {0}", res.Item2); } static void Main(string[] args) { int[] nums = new int[] { 7, 14, 21, 29, 32, 42, 64, 47, 79, 191, 382, 379 }; Array.ForEach(nums, n => FindBrauer(n)); } } }
Module Module1 Function Prepend(n As Integer, seq As List(Of Integer)) As List(Of Integer) Dim result As New List(Of Integer) From { n } result.AddRange(seq) Return result End Function Function CheckSeq(pos As Integer, seq As List(Of Integer), n As Integer, min_len As Integer) As Tuple(Of Integer, Integer) If pos > min_len OrElse seq(0) > n Then Return Tuple.Create(min_len, 0) End If If seq(0) = n Then Return Tuple.Create(pos, 1) End If If pos < min_len Then Return TryPerm(0, pos, seq, n, min_len) End If Return Tuple.Create(min_len, 0) End Function Function TryPerm(i As Integer, pos As Integer, seq As List(Of Integer), n As Integer, min_len As Integer) As Tuple(Of Integer, Integer) If i > pos Then Return Tuple.Create(min_len, 0) End If Dim res1 = CheckSeq(pos + 1, Prepend(seq(0) + seq(i), seq), n, min_len) Dim res2 = TryPerm(i + 1, pos, seq, n, res1.Item1) If res2.Item1 < res1.Item1 Then Return res2 End If If res2.Item1 = res1.Item1 Then Return Tuple.Create(res2.Item1, res1.Item2 + res2.Item2) End If Throw New Exception("TryPerm exception") End Function Function InitTryPerm(x As Integer) As Tuple(Of Integer, Integer) Return TryPerm(0, 0, New List(Of Integer) From {1}, x, 12) End Function Sub FindBrauer(num As Integer) Dim res = InitTryPerm(num) Console.WriteLine("N = {0}", num) Console.WriteLine("Minimum length of chains: L(n) = {0}", res.Item1) Console.WriteLine("Number of minimum length Brauer chains: {0}", res.Item2) Console.WriteLine() End Sub Sub Main() Dim nums() = {7, 14, 21, 29, 32, 42, 64, 47, 79, 191, 382, 379} Array.ForEach(nums, Sub(n) FindBrauer(n)) End Sub End Module
Please provide an equivalent version of this C# code in VB.
using System; namespace Repeat { class Program { static void Repeat(int count, Action<int> fn) { if (null == fn) { throw new ArgumentNullException("fn"); } for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { fn.Invoke(i + 1); } } static void Main(string[] args) { Repeat(3, x => Console.WriteLine("Example {0}", x)); } } }
Private Sub Repeat(rid As String, n As Integer) For i = 1 To n Application.Run rid Next i End Sub Private Sub Hello() Debug.Print "Hello" End Sub Public Sub main() Repeat "Hello", 5 End Sub
Rewrite this program in VB while keeping its functionality equivalent to the C# version.
public class Program { static void Main() { System.Console.WriteLine(42.ModInverse(2017)); } } public static class IntExtensions { public static int ModInverse(this int a, int m) { if (m == 1) return 0; int m0 = m; (int x, int y) = (1, 0); while (a > 1) { int q = a / m; (a, m) = (m, a % m); (x, y) = (y, x - q * y); } return x < 0 ? x + m0 : x; } }
Private Function mul_inv(a As Long, n As Long) As Variant If n < 0 Then n = -n If a < 0 Then a = n - ((-a) Mod n) Dim t As Long: t = 0 Dim nt As Long: nt = 1 Dim r As Long: r = n Dim nr As Long: nr = a Dim q As Long Do While nr <> 0 q = r \ nr tmp = t t = nt nt = tmp - q * nt tmp = r r = nr nr = tmp - q * nr Loop If r > 1 Then mul_inv = "a is not invertible" Else If t < 0 Then t = t + n mul_inv = t End If End Function Public Sub mi() Debug.Print mul_inv(42, 2017) Debug.Print mul_inv(40, 1) Debug.Print mul_inv(52, -217) Debug.Print mul_inv(-486, 217) Debug.Print mul_inv(40, 2018) End Sub
Convert the following code from C# to VB, ensuring the logic remains intact.
public class Program { static void Main() { System.Console.WriteLine(42.ModInverse(2017)); } } public static class IntExtensions { public static int ModInverse(this int a, int m) { if (m == 1) return 0; int m0 = m; (int x, int y) = (1, 0); while (a > 1) { int q = a / m; (a, m) = (m, a % m); (x, y) = (y, x - q * y); } return x < 0 ? x + m0 : x; } }
Private Function mul_inv(a As Long, n As Long) As Variant If n < 0 Then n = -n If a < 0 Then a = n - ((-a) Mod n) Dim t As Long: t = 0 Dim nt As Long: nt = 1 Dim r As Long: r = n Dim nr As Long: nr = a Dim q As Long Do While nr <> 0 q = r \ nr tmp = t t = nt nt = tmp - q * nt tmp = r r = nr nr = tmp - q * nr Loop If r > 1 Then mul_inv = "a is not invertible" Else If t < 0 Then t = t + n mul_inv = t End If End Function Public Sub mi() Debug.Print mul_inv(42, 2017) Debug.Print mul_inv(40, 1) Debug.Print mul_inv(52, -217) Debug.Print mul_inv(-486, 217) Debug.Print mul_inv(40, 2018) End Sub
Translate this program into VB but keep the logic exactly as in C#.
using System.Text; using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Net; namespace WebServer { class GoodByeWorld { static void Main(string[] args) { const string msg = "<html>\n<body>\nGoodbye, world!\n</body>\n</html>\n"; const int port = 8080; bool serverRunning = true; TcpListener tcpListener = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Any, port); tcpListener.Start(); while (serverRunning) { Socket socketConnection = tcpListener.AcceptSocket(); byte[] bMsg = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(msg.ToCharArray(), 0, (int)msg.Length); socketConnection.Send(bMsg); socketConnection.Disconnect(true); } } } }
Class HTTPSock Inherits TCPSocket Event Sub DataAvailable() Dim headers As New InternetHeaders headers.AppendHeader("Content-Length", Str(LenB("Goodbye, World!"))) headers.AppendHeader("Content-Type", "text/plain") headers.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "identity") headers.AppendHeader("Connection", "close") Dim data As String = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK" + EndOfLine.Windows + headers.Source + EndOfLine.Windows + EndOfLine.Windows + "Goodbye, World!" Me.Write(data) Me.Close End Sub End Class Class HTTPServ Inherits ServerSocket Event Sub AddSocket() As TCPSocket Return New HTTPSock End Sub End Class Class App Inherits Application Event Sub Run(Args() As String) Dim sock As New HTTPServ sock.Port = 8080 sock.Listen() While True App.DoEvents Wend End Sub End Class
Ensure the translated VB code behaves exactly like the original C# snippet.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace ChemicalCalculator { class Program { static Dictionary<string, double> atomicMass = new Dictionary<string, double>() { {"H", 1.008 }, {"He", 4.002602}, {"Li", 6.94}, {"Be", 9.0121831}, {"B", 10.81}, {"C", 12.011}, {"N", 14.007}, {"O", 15.999}, {"F", 18.998403163}, {"Ne", 20.1797}, {"Na", 22.98976928}, {"Mg", 24.305}, {"Al", 26.9815385}, {"Si", 28.085}, {"P", 30.973761998}, {"S", 32.06}, {"Cl", 35.45}, {"Ar", 39.948}, {"K", 39.0983}, {"Ca", 40.078}, {"Sc", 44.955908}, {"Ti", 47.867}, {"V", 50.9415}, {"Cr", 51.9961}, {"Mn", 54.938044}, {"Fe", 55.845}, {"Co", 58.933194}, {"Ni", 58.6934}, {"Cu", 63.546}, {"Zn", 65.38}, {"Ga", 69.723}, {"Ge", 72.630}, {"As", 74.921595}, {"Se", 78.971}, {"Br", 79.904}, {"Kr", 83.798}, {"Rb", 85.4678}, {"Sr", 87.62}, {"Y", 88.90584}, {"Zr", 91.224}, {"Nb", 92.90637}, {"Mo", 95.95}, {"Ru", 101.07}, {"Rh", 102.90550}, {"Pd", 106.42}, {"Ag", 107.8682}, {"Cd", 112.414}, {"In", 114.818}, {"Sn", 118.710}, {"Sb", 121.760}, {"Te", 127.60}, {"I", 126.90447}, {"Xe", 131.293}, {"Cs", 132.90545196}, {"Ba", 137.327}, {"La", 138.90547}, {"Ce", 140.116}, {"Pr", 140.90766}, {"Nd", 144.242}, {"Pm", 145}, {"Sm", 150.36}, {"Eu", 151.964}, {"Gd", 157.25}, {"Tb", 158.92535}, {"Dy", 162.500}, {"Ho", 164.93033}, {"Er", 167.259}, {"Tm", 168.93422}, {"Yb", 173.054}, {"Lu", 174.9668}, {"Hf", 178.49}, {"Ta", 180.94788}, {"W", 183.84}, {"Re", 186.207}, {"Os", 190.23}, {"Ir", 192.217}, {"Pt", 195.084}, {"Au", 196.966569}, {"Hg", 200.592}, {"Tl", 204.38}, {"Pb", 207.2}, {"Bi", 208.98040}, {"Po", 209}, {"At", 210}, {"Rn", 222}, {"Fr", 223}, {"Ra", 226}, {"Ac", 227}, {"Th", 232.0377}, {"Pa", 231.03588}, {"U", 238.02891}, {"Np", 237}, {"Pu", 244}, {"Am", 243}, {"Cm", 247}, {"Bk", 247}, {"Cf", 251}, {"Es", 252}, {"Fm", 257}, {"Uue", 315}, {"Ubn", 299}, }; static double Evaluate(string s) { s += "["; double sum = 0.0; string symbol = ""; string number = ""; for (int i = 0; i < s.Length; ++i) { var c = s[i]; if ('@' <= c && c <= '[') { int n = 1; if (number != "") { n = int.Parse(number); } if (symbol != "") { sum += atomicMass[symbol] * n; } if (c == '[') { break; } symbol = c.ToString(); number = ""; } else if ('a' <= c && c <= 'z') { symbol += c; } else if ('0' <= c && c <= '9') { number += c; } else { throw new Exception(string.Format("Unexpected symbol {0} in molecule", c)); } } return sum; } static string ReplaceFirst(string text, string search, string replace) { int pos = text.IndexOf(search); if (pos < 0) { return text; } return text.Substring(0, pos) + replace + text.Substring(pos + search.Length); } static string ReplaceParens(string s) { char letter = 's'; while (true) { var start = s.IndexOf('('); if (start == -1) { break; } for (int i = start + 1; i < s.Length; ++i) { if (s[i] == ')') { var expr = s.Substring(start + 1, i - start - 1); var symbol = string.Format("@{0}", letter); s = ReplaceFirst(s, s.Substring(start, i + 1 - start), symbol); atomicMass[symbol] = Evaluate(expr); letter++; break; } if (s[i] == '(') { start = i; continue; } } } return s; } static void Main() { var molecules = new string[]{ "H", "H2", "H2O", "H2O2", "(HO)2", "Na2SO4", "C6H12", "COOH(C(CH3)2)3CH3", "C6H4O2(OH)4", "C27H46O", "Uue" }; foreach (var molecule in molecules) { var mass = Evaluate(ReplaceParens(molecule)); Console.WriteLine("{0,17} -> {1,7:0.000}", molecule, mass); } } } }
Module Module1 Dim atomicMass As New Dictionary(Of String, Double) From { {"H", 1.008}, {"He", 4.002602}, {"Li", 6.94}, {"Be", 9.0121831}, {"B", 10.81}, {"C", 12.011}, {"N", 14.007}, {"O", 15.999}, {"F", 18.998403163}, {"Ne", 20.1797}, {"Na", 22.98976928}, {"Mg", 24.305}, {"Al", 26.9815385}, {"Si", 28.085}, {"P", 30.973761998}, {"S", 32.06}, {"Cl", 35.45}, {"Ar", 39.948}, {"K", 39.0983}, {"Ca", 40.078}, {"Sc", 44.955908}, {"Ti", 47.867}, {"V", 50.9415}, {"Cr", 51.9961}, {"Mn", 54.938044}, {"Fe", 55.845}, {"Co", 58.933194}, {"Ni", 58.6934}, {"Cu", 63.546}, {"Zn", 65.38}, {"Ga", 69.723}, {"Ge", 72.63}, {"As", 74.921595}, {"Se", 78.971}, {"Br", 79.904}, {"Kr", 83.798}, {"Rb", 85.4678}, {"Sr", 87.62}, {"Y", 88.90584}, {"Zr", 91.224}, {"Nb", 92.90637}, {"Mo", 95.95}, {"Ru", 101.07}, {"Rh", 102.9055}, {"Pd", 106.42}, {"Ag", 107.8682}, {"Cd", 112.414}, {"In", 114.818}, {"Sn", 118.71}, {"Sb", 121.76}, {"Te", 127.6}, {"I", 126.90447}, {"Xe", 131.293}, {"Cs", 132.90545196}, {"Ba", 137.327}, {"La", 138.90547}, {"Ce", 140.116}, {"Pr", 140.90766}, {"Nd", 144.242}, {"Pm", 145}, {"Sm", 150.36}, {"Eu", 151.964}, {"Gd", 157.25}, {"Tb", 158.92535}, {"Dy", 162.5}, {"Ho", 164.93033}, {"Er", 167.259}, {"Tm", 168.93422}, {"Yb", 173.054}, {"Lu", 174.9668}, {"Hf", 178.49}, {"Ta", 180.94788}, {"W", 183.84}, {"Re", 186.207}, {"Os", 190.23}, {"Ir", 192.217}, {"Pt", 195.084}, {"Au", 196.966569}, {"Hg", 200.592}, {"Tl", 204.38}, {"Pb", 207.2}, {"Bi", 208.9804}, {"Po", 209}, {"At", 210}, {"Rn", 222}, {"Fr", 223}, {"Ra", 226}, {"Ac", 227}, {"Th", 232.0377}, {"Pa", 231.03588}, {"U", 238.02891}, {"Np", 237}, {"Pu", 244}, {"Am", 243}, {"Cm", 247}, {"Bk", 247}, {"Cf", 251}, {"Es", 252}, {"Fm", 257}, {"Uue", 315}, {"Ubn", 299} } Function Evaluate(s As String) As Double s += "[" Dim sum = 0.0 Dim symbol = "" Dim number = "" For i = 1 To s.Length Dim c = s(i - 1) If "@" <= c AndAlso c <= "[" Then Dim n = 1 If number <> "" Then n = Integer.Parse(number) End If If symbol <> "" Then sum += atomicMass(symbol) * n End If If c = "[" Then Exit For End If symbol = c.ToString number = "" ElseIf "a" <= c AndAlso c <= "z" Then symbol += c ElseIf "0" <= c AndAlso c <= "9" Then number += c Else Throw New Exception(String.Format("Unexpected symbol {0} in molecule", c)) End If Next Return sum End Function Function ReplaceFirst(text As String, search As String, replace As String) As String Dim pos = text.IndexOf(search) If pos < 0 Then Return text Else Return text.Substring(0, pos) + replace + text.Substring(pos + search.Length) End If End Function Function ReplaceParens(s As String) As String Dim letter = "s"c While True Dim start = s.IndexOf("(") If start = -1 Then Exit While End If For i = start + 1 To s.Length - 1 If s(i) = ")" Then Dim expr = s.Substring(start + 1, i - start - 1) Dim symbol = String.Format("@{0}", letter) s = ReplaceFirst(s, s.Substring(start, i + 1 - start), symbol) atomicMass(symbol) = Evaluate(expr) letter = Chr(Asc(letter) + 1) Exit For End If If s(i) = "(" Then start = i Continue For End If Next End While Return s End Function Sub Main() Dim molecules() As String = { "H", "H2", "H2O", "H2O2", "(HO)2", "Na2SO4", "C6H12", "COOH(C(CH3)2)3CH3", "C6H4O2(OH)4", "C27H46O", "Uue" } For Each molecule In molecules Dim mass = Evaluate(ReplaceParens(molecule)) Console.WriteLine("{0,17} -> {1,7:0.000}", molecule, mass) Next End Sub End Module
Translate the given C# code snippet into VB without altering its behavior.
using System; namespace PythagoreanQuadruples { class Program { const int MAX = 2200; const int MAX2 = MAX * MAX * 2; static void Main(string[] args) { bool[] found = new bool[MAX + 1]; bool[] a2b2 = new bool[MAX2 + 1]; int s = 3; for(int a = 1; a <= MAX; a++) { int a2 = a * a; for (int b=a; b<=MAX; b++) { a2b2[a2 + b * b] = true; } } for (int c = 1; c <= MAX; c++) { int s1 = s; s += 2; int s2 = s; for (int d = c + 1; d <= MAX; d++) { if (a2b2[s1]) found[d] = true; s1 += s2; s2 += 2; } } Console.WriteLine("The values of d <= {0} which can't be represented:", MAX); for (int d = 1; d < MAX; d++) { if (!found[d]) Console.Write("{0} ", d); } Console.WriteLine(); } } }
Const n = 2200 Public Sub pq() Dim s As Long, s1 As Long, s2 As Long, x As Long, x2 As Long, y As Long: s = 3 Dim l(n) As Boolean, l_add(9680000) As Boolean For x = 1 To n x2 = x * x For y = x To n l_add(x2 + y * y) = True Next y Next x For x = 1 To n s1 = s s = s + 2 s2 = s For y = x + 1 To n If l_add(s1) Then l(y) = True s1 = s1 + s2 s2 = s2 + 2 Next Next For x = 1 To n If Not l(x) Then Debug.Print x; Next Debug.Print End Sub
Generate a VB translation of this C# snippet without changing its computational steps.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using static System.Console; public enum Colour { Red, Green, White, Yellow, Blue } public enum Nationality { Englishman, Swede, Dane, Norwegian,German } public enum Pet { Dog, Birds, Cats, Horse, Zebra } public enum Drink { Coffee, Tea, Milk, Beer, Water } public enum Smoke { PallMall, Dunhill, Blend, BlueMaster, Prince} public static class ZebraPuzzle { private static (Colour[] colours, Drink[] drinks, Smoke[] smokes, Pet[] pets, Nationality[] nations) _solved; static ZebraPuzzle() { var solve = from colours in Permute<Colour>() where (colours,Colour.White).IsRightOf(colours, Colour.Green) from nations in Permute<Nationality>() where nations[0] == Nationality.Norwegian where (nations, Nationality.Englishman).IsSameIndex(colours, Colour.Red) where (nations,Nationality.Norwegian).IsNextTo(colours,Colour.Blue) from drinks in Permute<Drink>() where drinks[2] == Drink.Milk where (drinks, Drink.Coffee).IsSameIndex(colours, Colour.Green) where (drinks, Drink.Tea).IsSameIndex(nations, Nationality.Dane) from pets in Permute<Pet>() where (pets, Pet.Dog).IsSameIndex(nations, Nationality.Swede) from smokes in Permute<Smoke>() where (smokes, Smoke.PallMall).IsSameIndex(pets, Pet.Birds) where (smokes, Smoke.Dunhill).IsSameIndex(colours, Colour.Yellow) where (smokes, Smoke.Blend).IsNextTo(pets, Pet.Cats) where (smokes, Smoke.Dunhill).IsNextTo(pets, Pet.Horse) where (smokes, Smoke.BlueMaster).IsSameIndex(drinks, Drink.Beer) where (smokes, Smoke.Prince).IsSameIndex(nations, Nationality.German) where (drinks,Drink.Water).IsNextTo(smokes,Smoke.Blend) select (colours, drinks, smokes, pets, nations); _solved = solve.First(); } private static int IndexOf<T>(this T[] arr, T obj) => Array.IndexOf(arr, obj); private static bool IsRightOf<T, U>(this (T[] a, T v) right, U[] a, U v) => right.a.IndexOf(right.v) == a.IndexOf(v) + 1; private static bool IsSameIndex<T, U>(this (T[] a, T v)x, U[] a, U v) => x.a.IndexOf(x.v) == a.IndexOf(v); private static bool IsNextTo<T, U>(this (T[] a, T v)x, U[] a, U v) => (x.a,x.v).IsRightOf(a, v) || (a,v).IsRightOf(x.a,x.v); public static IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> Permutations<T>(this IEnumerable<T> values) { if (values.Count() == 1) return values.ToSingleton(); return values.SelectMany(v => Permutations(values.Except(v.ToSingleton())),(v, p) => p.Prepend(v)); } public static IEnumerable<T[]> Permute<T>() => ToEnumerable<T>().Permutations().Select(p=>p.ToArray()); private static IEnumerable<T> ToSingleton<T>(this T item){ yield return item; } private static IEnumerable<T> ToEnumerable<T>() => Enum.GetValues(typeof(T)).Cast<T>(); public static new String ToString() { var sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.AppendLine("House Colour Drink Nationality Smokes Pet"); sb.AppendLine("───── ────── ──────── ─────────── ────────── ─────"); var (colours, drinks, smokes, pets, nations) = _solved; for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++) sb.AppendLine($"{i+1,5} {colours[i],-6} {drinks[i],-8} {nations[i],-11} {smokes[i],-10} {pets[i],-10}"); return sb.ToString(); } public static void Main(string[] arguments) { var owner = _solved.nations[_solved.pets.IndexOf(Pet.Zebra)]; WriteLine($"The zebra owner is {owner}"); Write(ToString()); Read(); } }
Option Base 1 Public Enum attr Colour = 1 Nationality Beverage Smoke Pet End Enum Public Enum Drinks_ Beer = 1 Coffee Milk Tea Water End Enum Public Enum nations Danish = 1 English German Norwegian Swedish End Enum Public Enum colors Blue = 1 Green Red White Yellow End Enum Public Enum tobaccos Blend = 1 BlueMaster Dunhill PallMall Prince End Enum Public Enum animals Bird = 1 Cat Dog Horse Zebra End Enum Public permutation As New Collection Public perm(5) As Variant Const factorial5 = 120 Public Colours As Variant, Nationalities As Variant, Drinks As Variant, Smokes As Variant, Pets As Variant Private Sub generate(n As Integer, A As Variant) If n = 1 Then permutation.Add A Else For i = 1 To n generate n - 1, A If n Mod 2 = 0 Then tmp = A(i) A(i) = A(n) A(n) = tmp Else tmp = A(1) A(1) = A(n) A(n) = tmp End If Next i End If End Sub Function house(i As Integer, name As Variant) As Integer Dim x As Integer For x = 1 To 5 If perm(i)(x) = name Then house = x Exit For End If Next x End Function Function left_of(h1 As Integer, h2 As Integer) As Boolean left_of = (h1 - h2) = -1 End Function Function next_to(h1 As Integer, h2 As Integer) As Boolean next_to = Abs(h1 - h2) = 1 End Function Private Sub print_house(i As Integer) Debug.Print i & ": "; Colours(perm(Colour)(i)), Nationalities(perm(Nationality)(i)), _ Drinks(perm(Beverage)(i)), Smokes(perm(Smoke)(i)), Pets(perm(Pet)(i)) End Sub Public Sub Zebra_puzzle() Colours = [{"blue","green","red","white","yellow"}] Nationalities = [{"Dane","English","German","Norwegian","Swede"}] Drinks = [{"beer","coffee","milk","tea","water"}] Smokes = [{"Blend","Blue Master","Dunhill","Pall Mall","Prince"}] Pets = [{"birds","cats","dog","horse","zebra"}] Dim solperms As New Collection Dim solutions As Integer Dim b(5) As Integer, i As Integer For i = 1 To 5: b(i) = i: Next i generate 5, b For c = 1 To factorial5 perm(Colour) = permutation(c) If left_of(house(Colour, Green), house(Colour, White)) Then For n = 1 To factorial5 perm(Nationality) = permutation(n) If house(Nationality, Norwegian) = 1 _ And house(Nationality, English) = house(Colour, Red) _ And next_to(house(Nationality, Norwegian), house(Colour, Blue)) Then For d = 1 To factorial5 perm(Beverage) = permutation(d) If house(Nationality, Danish) = house(Beverage, Tea) _ And house(Beverage, Coffee) = house(Colour, Green) _ And house(Beverage, Milk) = 3 Then For s = 1 To factorial5 perm(Smoke) = permutation(s) If house(Colour, Yellow) = house(Smoke, Dunhill) _ And house(Nationality, German) = house(Smoke, Prince) _ And house(Smoke, BlueMaster) = house(Beverage, Beer) _ And next_to(house(Beverage, Water), house(Smoke, Blend)) Then For p = 1 To factorial5 perm(Pet) = permutation(p) If house(Nationality, Swedish) = house(Pet, Dog) _ And house(Smoke, PallMall) = house(Pet, Bird) _ And next_to(house(Smoke, Blend), house(Pet, Cat)) _ And next_to(house(Pet, Horse), house(Smoke, Dunhill)) Then For i = 1 To 5 print_house i Next i Debug.Print solutions = solutions + 1 solperms.Add perm End If Next p End If Next s End If Next d End If Next n End If Next c Debug.Print Format(solutions, "@"); " solution" & IIf(solutions > 1, "s", "") & " found" For i = 1 To solperms.Count For j = 1 To 5 perm(j) = solperms(i)(j) Next j Debug.Print "The " & Nationalities(perm(Nationality)(house(Pet, Zebra))) & " owns the Zebra" Next i End Sub
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in VB.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using static System.Console; public enum Colour { Red, Green, White, Yellow, Blue } public enum Nationality { Englishman, Swede, Dane, Norwegian,German } public enum Pet { Dog, Birds, Cats, Horse, Zebra } public enum Drink { Coffee, Tea, Milk, Beer, Water } public enum Smoke { PallMall, Dunhill, Blend, BlueMaster, Prince} public static class ZebraPuzzle { private static (Colour[] colours, Drink[] drinks, Smoke[] smokes, Pet[] pets, Nationality[] nations) _solved; static ZebraPuzzle() { var solve = from colours in Permute<Colour>() where (colours,Colour.White).IsRightOf(colours, Colour.Green) from nations in Permute<Nationality>() where nations[0] == Nationality.Norwegian where (nations, Nationality.Englishman).IsSameIndex(colours, Colour.Red) where (nations,Nationality.Norwegian).IsNextTo(colours,Colour.Blue) from drinks in Permute<Drink>() where drinks[2] == Drink.Milk where (drinks, Drink.Coffee).IsSameIndex(colours, Colour.Green) where (drinks, Drink.Tea).IsSameIndex(nations, Nationality.Dane) from pets in Permute<Pet>() where (pets, Pet.Dog).IsSameIndex(nations, Nationality.Swede) from smokes in Permute<Smoke>() where (smokes, Smoke.PallMall).IsSameIndex(pets, Pet.Birds) where (smokes, Smoke.Dunhill).IsSameIndex(colours, Colour.Yellow) where (smokes, Smoke.Blend).IsNextTo(pets, Pet.Cats) where (smokes, Smoke.Dunhill).IsNextTo(pets, Pet.Horse) where (smokes, Smoke.BlueMaster).IsSameIndex(drinks, Drink.Beer) where (smokes, Smoke.Prince).IsSameIndex(nations, Nationality.German) where (drinks,Drink.Water).IsNextTo(smokes,Smoke.Blend) select (colours, drinks, smokes, pets, nations); _solved = solve.First(); } private static int IndexOf<T>(this T[] arr, T obj) => Array.IndexOf(arr, obj); private static bool IsRightOf<T, U>(this (T[] a, T v) right, U[] a, U v) => right.a.IndexOf(right.v) == a.IndexOf(v) + 1; private static bool IsSameIndex<T, U>(this (T[] a, T v)x, U[] a, U v) => x.a.IndexOf(x.v) == a.IndexOf(v); private static bool IsNextTo<T, U>(this (T[] a, T v)x, U[] a, U v) => (x.a,x.v).IsRightOf(a, v) || (a,v).IsRightOf(x.a,x.v); public static IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> Permutations<T>(this IEnumerable<T> values) { if (values.Count() == 1) return values.ToSingleton(); return values.SelectMany(v => Permutations(values.Except(v.ToSingleton())),(v, p) => p.Prepend(v)); } public static IEnumerable<T[]> Permute<T>() => ToEnumerable<T>().Permutations().Select(p=>p.ToArray()); private static IEnumerable<T> ToSingleton<T>(this T item){ yield return item; } private static IEnumerable<T> ToEnumerable<T>() => Enum.GetValues(typeof(T)).Cast<T>(); public static new String ToString() { var sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.AppendLine("House Colour Drink Nationality Smokes Pet"); sb.AppendLine("───── ────── ──────── ─────────── ────────── ─────"); var (colours, drinks, smokes, pets, nations) = _solved; for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++) sb.AppendLine($"{i+1,5} {colours[i],-6} {drinks[i],-8} {nations[i],-11} {smokes[i],-10} {pets[i],-10}"); return sb.ToString(); } public static void Main(string[] arguments) { var owner = _solved.nations[_solved.pets.IndexOf(Pet.Zebra)]; WriteLine($"The zebra owner is {owner}"); Write(ToString()); Read(); } }
Option Base 1 Public Enum attr Colour = 1 Nationality Beverage Smoke Pet End Enum Public Enum Drinks_ Beer = 1 Coffee Milk Tea Water End Enum Public Enum nations Danish = 1 English German Norwegian Swedish End Enum Public Enum colors Blue = 1 Green Red White Yellow End Enum Public Enum tobaccos Blend = 1 BlueMaster Dunhill PallMall Prince End Enum Public Enum animals Bird = 1 Cat Dog Horse Zebra End Enum Public permutation As New Collection Public perm(5) As Variant Const factorial5 = 120 Public Colours As Variant, Nationalities As Variant, Drinks As Variant, Smokes As Variant, Pets As Variant Private Sub generate(n As Integer, A As Variant) If n = 1 Then permutation.Add A Else For i = 1 To n generate n - 1, A If n Mod 2 = 0 Then tmp = A(i) A(i) = A(n) A(n) = tmp Else tmp = A(1) A(1) = A(n) A(n) = tmp End If Next i End If End Sub Function house(i As Integer, name As Variant) As Integer Dim x As Integer For x = 1 To 5 If perm(i)(x) = name Then house = x Exit For End If Next x End Function Function left_of(h1 As Integer, h2 As Integer) As Boolean left_of = (h1 - h2) = -1 End Function Function next_to(h1 As Integer, h2 As Integer) As Boolean next_to = Abs(h1 - h2) = 1 End Function Private Sub print_house(i As Integer) Debug.Print i & ": "; Colours(perm(Colour)(i)), Nationalities(perm(Nationality)(i)), _ Drinks(perm(Beverage)(i)), Smokes(perm(Smoke)(i)), Pets(perm(Pet)(i)) End Sub Public Sub Zebra_puzzle() Colours = [{"blue","green","red","white","yellow"}] Nationalities = [{"Dane","English","German","Norwegian","Swede"}] Drinks = [{"beer","coffee","milk","tea","water"}] Smokes = [{"Blend","Blue Master","Dunhill","Pall Mall","Prince"}] Pets = [{"birds","cats","dog","horse","zebra"}] Dim solperms As New Collection Dim solutions As Integer Dim b(5) As Integer, i As Integer For i = 1 To 5: b(i) = i: Next i generate 5, b For c = 1 To factorial5 perm(Colour) = permutation(c) If left_of(house(Colour, Green), house(Colour, White)) Then For n = 1 To factorial5 perm(Nationality) = permutation(n) If house(Nationality, Norwegian) = 1 _ And house(Nationality, English) = house(Colour, Red) _ And next_to(house(Nationality, Norwegian), house(Colour, Blue)) Then For d = 1 To factorial5 perm(Beverage) = permutation(d) If house(Nationality, Danish) = house(Beverage, Tea) _ And house(Beverage, Coffee) = house(Colour, Green) _ And house(Beverage, Milk) = 3 Then For s = 1 To factorial5 perm(Smoke) = permutation(s) If house(Colour, Yellow) = house(Smoke, Dunhill) _ And house(Nationality, German) = house(Smoke, Prince) _ And house(Smoke, BlueMaster) = house(Beverage, Beer) _ And next_to(house(Beverage, Water), house(Smoke, Blend)) Then For p = 1 To factorial5 perm(Pet) = permutation(p) If house(Nationality, Swedish) = house(Pet, Dog) _ And house(Smoke, PallMall) = house(Pet, Bird) _ And next_to(house(Smoke, Blend), house(Pet, Cat)) _ And next_to(house(Pet, Horse), house(Smoke, Dunhill)) Then For i = 1 To 5 print_house i Next i Debug.Print solutions = solutions + 1 solperms.Add perm End If Next p End If Next s End If Next d End If Next n End If Next c Debug.Print Format(solutions, "@"); " solution" & IIf(solutions > 1, "s", "") & " found" For i = 1 To solperms.Count For j = 1 To 5 perm(j) = solperms(i)(j) Next j Debug.Print "The " & Nationalities(perm(Nationality)(house(Pet, Zebra))) & " owns the Zebra" Next i End Sub
Generate a VB translation of this C# snippet without changing its computational steps.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text.RegularExpressions; using System.Net; class Program { static List<string> GetTitlesFromCategory(string category) { string searchQueryFormat = "http: List<string> results = new List<string>(); string cmcontinue = string.Empty; do { string cmContinueKeyValue; if (cmcontinue.Length > 0) cmContinueKeyValue = String.Format("&cmcontinue={0}", cmcontinue); else cmContinueKeyValue = String.Empty; string query = String.Format(searchQueryFormat, category, cmContinueKeyValue); string content = new WebClient().DownloadString(query); results.AddRange(new Regex("\"title\":\"(.+?)\"").Matches(content).Cast<Match>().Select(x => x.Groups[1].Value)); cmcontinue = Regex.Match(content, @"{""cmcontinue"":""([^""]+)""}", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase).Groups["1"].Value; } while (cmcontinue.Length > 0); return results; } static string[] GetUnimplementedTasksFromLanguage(string language) { List<string> alltasks = GetTitlesFromCategory("Programming_Tasks"); List<string> lang = GetTitlesFromCategory(language); return alltasks.Where(x => !lang.Contains(x)).ToArray(); } static void Main(string[] args) { string[] unimpl = GetUnimplementedTasksFromLanguage(args[0]); foreach (string i in unimpl) Console.WriteLine(i); } }
Set http= CreateObject("WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5.1") Set oDic = WScript.CreateObject("scripting.dictionary") start="https://rosettacode.org" Const lang="VBScript" Dim oHF gettaskslist "about:/wiki/Category:Programming_Tasks" ,True print odic.Count gettaskslist "about:/wiki/Category:Draft_Programming_Tasks",True print "total tasks " & odic.Count gettaskslist "about:/wiki/Category:"&lang,False print "total tasks not in " & lang & " " &odic.Count & vbcrlf For Each d In odic.keys print d &vbTab & Replace(odic(d),"about:", start) next WScript.Quit(1) Sub print(s): On Error Resume Next WScript.stdout.WriteLine (s) If err= &h80070006& Then WScript.echo " Please run this script with CScript": WScript.quit End Sub Function getpage(name) Set oHF=Nothing Set oHF = CreateObject("HTMLFILE") http.open "GET",name,False http.send oHF.write "<html><body></body></html>" oHF.body.innerHTML = http.responsetext Set getpage=Nothing End Function Sub gettaskslist(b,build) nextpage=b While nextpage <>"" nextpage=Replace(nextpage,"about:", start) WScript.Echo nextpage getpage(nextpage) Set xtoc = oHF.getElementbyId("mw-pages") nextpage="" For Each ch In xtoc.children If ch.innertext= "next page" Then nextpage=ch.attributes("href").value ElseIf ch.attributes("class").value="mw-content-ltr" Then Set ytoc=ch.children(0) Exit For End If Next For Each ch1 In ytoc.children For Each ch2 In ch1.children(1).children Set ch=ch2.children(0) If build Then odic.Add ch.innertext , ch.attributes("href").value else odic.Remove ch.innertext End if Next Next Wend End Sub
Convert the following code from C# to VB, ensuring the logic remains intact.
using System; using BI = System.Numerics.BigInteger; using static System.Console; class Program { static BI isqrt(BI x) { BI q = 1, r = 0, t; while (q <= x) q <<= 2; while (q > 1) { q >>= 2; t = x - r - q; r >>= 1; if (t >= 0) { x = t; r += q; } } return r; }   static string dump(int digs, bool show = false) { int gb = 1, dg = ++digs + gb, z; BI t1 = 1, t2 = 9, t3 = 1, te, su = 0, t = BI.Pow(10, dg <= 60 ? 0 : dg - 60), d = -1, fn = 1; for (BI n = 0; n < dg; n++) { if (n > 0) t3 *= BI.Pow(n, 6); te = t1 * t2 / t3; if ((z = dg - 1 - (int)n * 6) > 0) te *= BI.Pow (10, z); else te /= BI.Pow (10, -z); if (show && n < 10) WriteLine("{0,2} {1,62}", n, te * 32 / 3 / t); su += te; if (te < 10) { if (show) WriteLine("\n{0} iterations required for {1} digits " + "after the decimal point.\n", n, --digs); break; } for (BI j = n * 6 + 1; j <= n * 6 + 6; j++) t1 *= j; t2 += 126 + 532 * (d += 2); } string s = string.Format("{0}", isqrt(BI.Pow(10, dg * 2 + 3) / su / 32 * 3 * BI.Pow((BI)10, dg + 5))); return s[0] + "." + s.Substring(1, digs); } static void Main(string[] args) { WriteLine(dump(70, true)); } }
Imports System, BI = System.Numerics.BigInteger, System.Console Module Module1 Function isqrt(ByVal x As BI) As BI Dim t As BI, q As BI = 1, r As BI = 0 While q <= x : q <<= 2 : End While While q > 1 : q >>= 2 : t = x - r - q : r >>= 1 If t >= 0 Then x = t : r += q End While : Return r End Function Function dump(ByVal digs As Integer, ByVal Optional show As Boolean = False) As String digs += 1 Dim z As Integer, gb As Integer = 1, dg As Integer = digs + gb Dim te As BI, t1 As BI = 1, t2 As BI = 9, t3 As BI = 1, su As BI = 0, t As BI = BI.Pow(10, If(dg <= 60, 0, dg - 60)), d As BI = -1, fn As BI = 1 For n As BI = 0 To dg - 1 If n > 0 Then t3 = t3 * BI.Pow(n, 6) te = t1 * t2 / t3 : z = dg - 1 - CInt(n) * 6 If z > 0 Then te = te * BI.Pow(10, z) Else te = te / BI.Pow(10, -z) If show AndAlso n < 10 Then WriteLine("{0,2} {1,62}", n, te * 32 / 3 / t) su += te : If te < 10 Then digs -= 1 If show Then WriteLine(vbLf & "{0} iterations required for {1} digits " & _ "after the decimal point." & vbLf, n, digs) Exit For End If For j As BI = n * 6 + 1 To n * 6 + 6 t1 = t1 * j : Next d += 2 : t2 += 126 + 532 * d Next Dim s As String = String.Format("{0}", isqrt(BI.Pow(10, dg * 2 + 3) _ / su / 32 * 3 * BI.Pow(CType(10, BI), dg + 5))) Return s(0) & "." & s.Substring(1, digs) End Function Sub Main(ByVal args As String()) WriteLine(dump(70, true)) End Sub End Module
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in VB.
using System; using BI = System.Numerics.BigInteger; using static System.Console; class Program { static BI isqrt(BI x) { BI q = 1, r = 0, t; while (q <= x) q <<= 2; while (q > 1) { q >>= 2; t = x - r - q; r >>= 1; if (t >= 0) { x = t; r += q; } } return r; }   static string dump(int digs, bool show = false) { int gb = 1, dg = ++digs + gb, z; BI t1 = 1, t2 = 9, t3 = 1, te, su = 0, t = BI.Pow(10, dg <= 60 ? 0 : dg - 60), d = -1, fn = 1; for (BI n = 0; n < dg; n++) { if (n > 0) t3 *= BI.Pow(n, 6); te = t1 * t2 / t3; if ((z = dg - 1 - (int)n * 6) > 0) te *= BI.Pow (10, z); else te /= BI.Pow (10, -z); if (show && n < 10) WriteLine("{0,2} {1,62}", n, te * 32 / 3 / t); su += te; if (te < 10) { if (show) WriteLine("\n{0} iterations required for {1} digits " + "after the decimal point.\n", n, --digs); break; } for (BI j = n * 6 + 1; j <= n * 6 + 6; j++) t1 *= j; t2 += 126 + 532 * (d += 2); } string s = string.Format("{0}", isqrt(BI.Pow(10, dg * 2 + 3) / su / 32 * 3 * BI.Pow((BI)10, dg + 5))); return s[0] + "." + s.Substring(1, digs); } static void Main(string[] args) { WriteLine(dump(70, true)); } }
Imports System, BI = System.Numerics.BigInteger, System.Console Module Module1 Function isqrt(ByVal x As BI) As BI Dim t As BI, q As BI = 1, r As BI = 0 While q <= x : q <<= 2 : End While While q > 1 : q >>= 2 : t = x - r - q : r >>= 1 If t >= 0 Then x = t : r += q End While : Return r End Function Function dump(ByVal digs As Integer, ByVal Optional show As Boolean = False) As String digs += 1 Dim z As Integer, gb As Integer = 1, dg As Integer = digs + gb Dim te As BI, t1 As BI = 1, t2 As BI = 9, t3 As BI = 1, su As BI = 0, t As BI = BI.Pow(10, If(dg <= 60, 0, dg - 60)), d As BI = -1, fn As BI = 1 For n As BI = 0 To dg - 1 If n > 0 Then t3 = t3 * BI.Pow(n, 6) te = t1 * t2 / t3 : z = dg - 1 - CInt(n) * 6 If z > 0 Then te = te * BI.Pow(10, z) Else te = te / BI.Pow(10, -z) If show AndAlso n < 10 Then WriteLine("{0,2} {1,62}", n, te * 32 / 3 / t) su += te : If te < 10 Then digs -= 1 If show Then WriteLine(vbLf & "{0} iterations required for {1} digits " & _ "after the decimal point." & vbLf, n, digs) Exit For End If For j As BI = n * 6 + 1 To n * 6 + 6 t1 = t1 * j : Next d += 2 : t2 += 126 + 532 * d Next Dim s As String = String.Format("{0}", isqrt(BI.Pow(10, dg * 2 + 3) _ / su / 32 * 3 * BI.Pow(CType(10, BI), dg + 5))) Return s(0) & "." & s.Substring(1, digs) End Function Sub Main(ByVal args As String()) WriteLine(dump(70, true)) End Sub End Module
Generate an equivalent VB version of this C# code.
using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using static System.Console; class Program { static bool soas(int n, IEnumerable<int> f) { if (n <= 0) return false; if (f.Contains(n)) return true; switch(n.CompareTo(f.Sum())) { case 1: return false; case 0: return true; case -1: var rf = f.Reverse().ToList(); var d = n - rf[0]; rf.RemoveAt(0); return soas(d, rf) || soas(n, rf); } return true; } static bool ip(int n) { var f = Enumerable.Range(1, n >> 1).Where(d => n % d == 0).ToList(); return Enumerable.Range(1, n - 1).ToList().TrueForAll(i => soas(i, f)); } static void Main() { int c = 0, m = 333; for (int i = 1; i <= m; i += i == 1 ? 1 : 2) if (ip(i) || i == 1) Write("{0,3} {1}", i, ++c % 10 == 0 ? "\n" : ""); Write("\nFound {0} practical numbers between 1 and {1} inclusive.\n", c, m); do Write("\n{0,5} is a{1}practical number.", m = m < 500 ? m << 1 : m * 10 + 6, ip(m) ? " " : "n im"); while (m < 1e4); } }
Imports System.Collections.Generic, System.Linq, System.Console Module Module1 Function soas(ByVal n As Integer, ByVal f As IEnumerable(Of Integer)) As Boolean If n <= 0 Then Return False Else If f.Contains(n) Then Return True Select Case n.CompareTo(f.Sum()) Case 1 : Return False : Case 0 : Return True Case -1 : Dim rf As List(Of Integer) = f.Reverse().ToList() : Dim D as Integer = n - rf(0) rf.RemoveAt(0) : Return soas(d, rf) OrElse soas(n, rf) End Select : Return true End Function Function ip(ByVal n As Integer) As Boolean Dim f As IEnumerable(Of Integer) = Enumerable.Range(1, n >> 1).Where(Function(d) n Mod d = 0).ToList() Return Enumerable.Range(1, n - 1).ToList().TrueForAll(Function(i) soas(i, f)) End Function Sub Main() Dim c As Integer = 0, m As Integer = 333, i As Integer = 1 : While i <= m If ip(i) OrElse i = 1 Then c += 1 : Write("{0,3} {1}", i, If(c Mod 10 = 0, vbLf, "")) i += If(i = 1, 1, 2) : End While Write(vbLf & "Found {0} practical numbers between 1 and {1} inclusive." & vbLf, c, m) Do : m = If(m < 500, m << 1, m * 10 + 6) Write(vbLf & "{0,5} is a{1}practical number.", m, If(ip(m), " ", "n im")) : Loop While m < 1e4 End Sub End Module
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from C# to VB.
double d = 1; d = 1d; d = 1D; d = 1.2; d = 1.2d; d = .2; d = 12e-12; d = 12E-12; d = 1_234e-1_2; float f = 1; f = 1f; f = 1F; f = 1.2f; f = .2f; f = 12e-12f; f = 12E-12f; f = 1_234e-1_2f; decimal m = 1; m = 1m; m = 1m; m = 1.2m; m = .2m; m = 12e-12m; m = 12E-12m; m = 1_234e-1_2m;
Sub Main() Dim d As Double Dim s As Single d = -12.3456 d = 1000# d = 0.00001 d = 67# d = 8.9 d = 0.33 d = 0# d = 2# * 10 ^ 3 d = 2E+50 d = 2E-50 s = -12.3456! s = 1000! s = 0.00001! s = 67! s = 8.9! s = 0.33! s = 0! s = 2! * 10 ^ 3 End Sub
Convert this C# block to VB, preserving its control flow and logic.
double d = 1; d = 1d; d = 1D; d = 1.2; d = 1.2d; d = .2; d = 12e-12; d = 12E-12; d = 1_234e-1_2; float f = 1; f = 1f; f = 1F; f = 1.2f; f = .2f; f = 12e-12f; f = 12E-12f; f = 1_234e-1_2f; decimal m = 1; m = 1m; m = 1m; m = 1.2m; m = .2m; m = 12e-12m; m = 12E-12m; m = 1_234e-1_2m;
Sub Main() Dim d As Double Dim s As Single d = -12.3456 d = 1000# d = 0.00001 d = 67# d = 8.9 d = 0.33 d = 0# d = 2# * 10 ^ 3 d = 2E+50 d = 2E-50 s = -12.3456! s = 1000! s = 0.00001! s = 67! s = 8.9! s = 0.33! s = 0! s = 2! * 10 ^ 3 End Sub
Change the programming language of this snippet from C# to VB without modifying what it does.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text.RegularExpressions; namespace Wordseach { static class Program { readonly static int[,] dirs = {{1, 0}, {0, 1}, {1, 1}, {1, -1}, {-1, 0}, {0, -1}, {-1, -1}, {-1, 1}}; class Grid { public char[,] Cells = new char[nRows, nCols]; public List<string> Solutions = new List<string>(); public int NumAttempts; } readonly static int nRows = 10; readonly static int nCols = 10; readonly static int gridSize = nRows * nCols; readonly static int minWords = 25; readonly static Random rand = new Random(); static void Main(string[] args) { PrintResult(CreateWordSearch(ReadWords("unixdict.txt"))); } private static List<string> ReadWords(string filename) { int maxLen = Math.Max(nRows, nCols); return System.IO.File.ReadAllLines(filename) .Select(s => s.Trim().ToLower()) .Where(s => Regex.IsMatch(s, "^[a-z]{3," + maxLen + "}$")) .ToList(); } private static Grid CreateWordSearch(List<string> words) { int numAttempts = 0; while (++numAttempts < 100) { words.Shuffle(); var grid = new Grid(); int messageLen = PlaceMessage(grid, "Rosetta Code"); int target = gridSize - messageLen; int cellsFilled = 0; foreach (var word in words) { cellsFilled += TryPlaceWord(grid, word); if (cellsFilled == target) { if (grid.Solutions.Count >= minWords) { grid.NumAttempts = numAttempts; return grid; } else break; } } } return null; } private static int TryPlaceWord(Grid grid, string word) { int randDir = rand.Next(dirs.GetLength(0)); int randPos = rand.Next(gridSize); for (int dir = 0; dir < dirs.GetLength(0); dir++) { dir = (dir + randDir) % dirs.GetLength(0); for (int pos = 0; pos < gridSize; pos++) { pos = (pos + randPos) % gridSize; int lettersPlaced = TryLocation(grid, word, dir, pos); if (lettersPlaced > 0) return lettersPlaced; } } return 0; } private static int TryLocation(Grid grid, string word, int dir, int pos) { int r = pos / nCols; int c = pos % nCols; int len = word.Length; if ((dirs[dir, 0] == 1 && (len + c) > nCols) || (dirs[dir, 0] == -1 && (len - 1) > c) || (dirs[dir, 1] == 1 && (len + r) > nRows) || (dirs[dir, 1] == -1 && (len - 1) > r)) return 0; int rr, cc, i, overlaps = 0; for (i = 0, rr = r, cc = c; i < len; i++) { if (grid.Cells[rr, cc] != 0 && grid.Cells[rr, cc] != word[i]) { return 0; } cc += dirs[dir, 0]; rr += dirs[dir, 1]; } for (i = 0, rr = r, cc = c; i < len; i++) { if (grid.Cells[rr, cc] == word[i]) overlaps++; else grid.Cells[rr, cc] = word[i]; if (i < len - 1) { cc += dirs[dir, 0]; rr += dirs[dir, 1]; } } int lettersPlaced = len - overlaps; if (lettersPlaced > 0) { grid.Solutions.Add($"{word,-10} ({c},{r})({cc},{rr})"); } return lettersPlaced; } private static int PlaceMessage(Grid grid, string msg) { msg = Regex.Replace(msg.ToUpper(), "[^A-Z]", ""); int messageLen = msg.Length; if (messageLen > 0 && messageLen < gridSize) { int gapSize = gridSize / messageLen; for (int i = 0; i < messageLen; i++) { int pos = i * gapSize + rand.Next(gapSize); grid.Cells[pos / nCols, pos % nCols] = msg[i]; } return messageLen; } return 0; } public static void Shuffle<T>(this IList<T> list) { int n = list.Count; while (n > 1) { n--; int k = rand.Next(n + 1); T value = list[k]; list[k] = list[n]; list[n] = value; } } private static void PrintResult(Grid grid) { if (grid == null || grid.NumAttempts == 0) { Console.WriteLine("No grid to display"); return; } int size = grid.Solutions.Count; Console.WriteLine("Attempts: " + grid.NumAttempts); Console.WriteLine("Number of words: " + size); Console.WriteLine("\n 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9"); for (int r = 0; r < nRows; r++) { Console.Write("\n{0} ", r); for (int c = 0; c < nCols; c++) Console.Write(" {0} ", grid.Cells[r, c]); } Console.WriteLine("\n"); for (int i = 0; i < size - 1; i += 2) { Console.WriteLine("{0} {1}", grid.Solutions[i], grid.Solutions[i + 1]); } if (size % 2 == 1) Console.WriteLine(grid.Solutions[size - 1]); Console.ReadLine(); } } }
Module Module1 ReadOnly Dirs As Integer(,) = { {1, 0}, {0, 1}, {1, 1}, {1, -1}, {-1, 0}, {0, -1}, {-1, -1}, {-1, 1} } Const RowCount = 10 Const ColCount = 10 Const GridSize = RowCount * ColCount Const MinWords = 25 Class Grid Public cells(RowCount - 1, ColCount - 1) As Char Public solutions As New List(Of String) Public numAttempts As Integer Sub New() For i = 0 To RowCount - 1 For j = 0 To ColCount - 1 cells(i, j) = ControlChars.NullChar Next Next End Sub End Class Dim Rand As New Random() Sub Main() PrintResult(CreateWordSearch(ReadWords("unixdict.txt"))) End Sub Function ReadWords(filename As String) As List(Of String) Dim maxlen = Math.Max(RowCount, ColCount) Dim words As New List(Of String) Dim objReader As New IO.StreamReader(filename) Dim line As String Do While objReader.Peek() <> -1 line = objReader.ReadLine() If line.Length > 3 And line.Length < maxlen Then If line.All(Function(c) Char.IsLetter(c)) Then words.Add(line) End If End If Loop Return words End Function Function CreateWordSearch(words As List(Of String)) As Grid For numAttempts = 1 To 1000 Shuffle(words) Dim grid As New Grid() Dim messageLen = PlaceMessage(grid, "Rosetta Code") Dim target = GridSize - messageLen Dim cellsFilled = 0 For Each word In words cellsFilled = cellsFilled + TryPlaceWord(grid, word) If cellsFilled = target Then If grid.solutions.Count >= MinWords Then grid.numAttempts = numAttempts Return grid Else Exit For End If End If Next Next Return Nothing End Function Function PlaceMessage(grid As Grid, msg As String) As Integer msg = msg.ToUpper() msg = msg.Replace(" ", "") If msg.Length > 0 And msg.Length < GridSize Then Dim gapSize As Integer = GridSize / msg.Length Dim pos = 0 Dim lastPos = -1 For i = 0 To msg.Length - 1 If i = 0 Then pos = pos + Rand.Next(gapSize - 1) Else pos = pos + Rand.Next(2, gapSize - 1) End If Dim r As Integer = Math.Floor(pos / ColCount) Dim c = pos Mod ColCount grid.cells(r, c) = msg(i) lastPos = pos Next Return msg.Length End If Return 0 End Function Function TryPlaceWord(grid As Grid, word As String) As Integer Dim randDir = Rand.Next(Dirs.GetLength(0)) Dim randPos = Rand.Next(GridSize) For d = 0 To Dirs.GetLength(0) - 1 Dim dd = (d + randDir) Mod Dirs.GetLength(0) For p = 0 To GridSize - 1 Dim pp = (p + randPos) Mod GridSize Dim lettersPLaced = TryLocation(grid, word, dd, pp) If lettersPLaced > 0 Then Return lettersPLaced End If Next Next Return 0 End Function Function TryLocation(grid As Grid, word As String, dir As Integer, pos As Integer) As Integer Dim r As Integer = pos / ColCount Dim c = pos Mod ColCount Dim len = word.Length If (Dirs(dir, 0) = 1 And len + c >= ColCount) Or (Dirs(dir, 0) = -1 And len - 1 > c) Or (Dirs(dir, 1) = 1 And len + r >= RowCount) Or (Dirs(dir, 1) = -1 And len - 1 > r) Then Return 0 End If If r = RowCount OrElse c = ColCount Then Return 0 End If Dim rr = r Dim cc = c For i = 0 To len - 1 If grid.cells(rr, cc) <> ControlChars.NullChar AndAlso grid.cells(rr, cc) <> word(i) Then Return 0 End If cc = cc + Dirs(dir, 0) rr = rr + Dirs(dir, 1) Next Dim overlaps = 0 rr = r cc = c For i = 0 To len - 1 If grid.cells(rr, cc) = word(i) Then overlaps = overlaps + 1 Else grid.cells(rr, cc) = word(i) End If If i < len - 1 Then cc = cc + Dirs(dir, 0) rr = rr + Dirs(dir, 1) End If Next Dim lettersPlaced = len - overlaps If lettersPlaced > 0 Then grid.solutions.Add(String.Format("{0,-10} ({1},{2})({3},{4})", word, c, r, cc, rr)) End If Return lettersPlaced End Function Sub PrintResult(grid As Grid) If IsNothing(grid) OrElse grid.numAttempts = 0 Then Console.WriteLine("No grid to display") Return End If Console.WriteLine("Attempts: {0}", grid.numAttempts) Console.WriteLine("Number of words: {0}", GridSize) Console.WriteLine() Console.WriteLine(" 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9") For r = 0 To RowCount - 1 Console.WriteLine() Console.Write("{0} ", r) For c = 0 To ColCount - 1 Console.Write(" {0} ", grid.cells(r, c)) Next Next Console.WriteLine() Console.WriteLine() For i = 0 To grid.solutions.Count - 1 If i Mod 2 = 0 Then Console.Write("{0}", grid.solutions(i)) Else Console.WriteLine(" {0}", grid.solutions(i)) End If Next Console.WriteLine() End Sub Sub Shuffle(Of T)(list As IList(Of T)) Dim r As Random = New Random() For i = 0 To list.Count - 1 Dim index As Integer = r.Next(i, list.Count) If i <> index Then Dim temp As T = list(i) list(i) = list(index) list(index) = temp End If Next End Sub End Module
Rewrite the snippet below in VB so it works the same as the original C# code.
using System; using System.Reflection; public class MyClass { private int answer = 42; } public class Program { public static void Main() { var myInstance = new MyClass(); var fieldInfo = typeof(MyClass).GetField("answer", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance); var answer = fieldInfo.GetValue(myInstance); Console.WriteLine(answer); } }
Imports System.Reflection Public Class MyClazz Private answer As Integer = 42 End Class Public Class Program Public Shared Sub Main() Dim myInstance = New MyClazz() Dim fieldInfo = GetType(MyClazz).GetField("answer", BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Instance) Dim answer = fieldInfo.GetValue(myInstance) Console.WriteLine(answer) End Sub End Class
Write the same code in VB as shown below in C#.
using System; using System.Reflection; public class MyClass { private int answer = 42; } public class Program { public static void Main() { var myInstance = new MyClass(); var fieldInfo = typeof(MyClass).GetField("answer", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance); var answer = fieldInfo.GetValue(myInstance); Console.WriteLine(answer); } }
Imports System.Reflection Public Class MyClazz Private answer As Integer = 42 End Class Public Class Program Public Shared Sub Main() Dim myInstance = New MyClazz() Dim fieldInfo = GetType(MyClazz).GetField("answer", BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Instance) Dim answer = fieldInfo.GetValue(myInstance) Console.WriteLine(answer) End Sub End Class
Port the provided C# code into VB while preserving the original functionality.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; namespace Eertree { class Node { public Node(int length) { this.Length = length; this.Edges = new Dictionary<char, int>(); } public Node(int length, Dictionary<char, int> edges, int suffix) { this.Length = length; this.Edges = edges; this.Suffix = suffix; } public int Length { get; set; } public Dictionary<char, int> Edges { get; set; } public int Suffix { get; set; } } class Program { const int EVEN_ROOT = 0; const int ODD_ROOT = 1; static List<Node> Eertree(string s) { List<Node> tree = new List<Node> { new Node(0, new Dictionary<char, int>(), ODD_ROOT), new Node(-1, new Dictionary<char, int>(), ODD_ROOT) }; int suffix = ODD_ROOT; int n, k; for (int i = 0; i < s.Length; i++) { char c = s[i]; for (n = suffix; ; n = tree[n].Suffix) { k = tree[n].Length; int b = i - k - 1; if (b >= 0 && s[b] == c) { break; } } if (tree[n].Edges.ContainsKey(c)) { suffix = tree[n].Edges[c]; continue; } suffix = tree.Count; tree.Add(new Node(k + 2)); tree[n].Edges[c] = suffix; if (tree[suffix].Length == 1) { tree[suffix].Suffix = 0; continue; } while (true) { n = tree[n].Suffix; int b = i - tree[n].Length - 1; if (b >= 0 && s[b] == c) { break; } } tree[suffix].Suffix = tree[n].Edges[c]; } return tree; } static List<string> SubPalindromes(List<Node> tree) { List<string> s = new List<string>(); SubPalindromes_children(0, "", tree, s); foreach (var c in tree[1].Edges.Keys) { int m = tree[1].Edges[c]; string ct = c.ToString(); s.Add(ct); SubPalindromes_children(m, ct, tree, s); } return s; } static void SubPalindromes_children(int n, string p, List<Node> tree, List<string> s) { foreach (var c in tree[n].Edges.Keys) { int m = tree[n].Edges[c]; string p1 = c + p + c; s.Add(p1); SubPalindromes_children(m, p1, tree, s); } } static void Main(string[] args) { List<Node> tree = Eertree("eertree"); List<string> result = SubPalindromes(tree); string listStr = string.Join(", ", result); Console.WriteLine("[{0}]", listStr); } } }
Module Module1 Class Node Public Sub New(Len As Integer) Length = Len Edges = New Dictionary(Of Char, Integer) End Sub Public Sub New(len As Integer, edg As Dictionary(Of Char, Integer), suf As Integer) Length = len Edges = If(IsNothing(edg), New Dictionary(Of Char, Integer), edg) Suffix = suf End Sub Property Edges As Dictionary(Of Char, Integer) Property Length As Integer Property Suffix As Integer End Class ReadOnly EVEN_ROOT As Integer = 0 ReadOnly ODD_ROOT As Integer = 1 Function Eertree(s As String) As List(Of Node) Dim tree As New List(Of Node) From { New Node(0, New Dictionary(Of Char, Integer), ODD_ROOT), New Node(-1, New Dictionary(Of Char, Integer), ODD_ROOT) } Dim suffix = ODD_ROOT Dim n As Integer Dim k As Integer For i = 1 To s.Length Dim c = s(i - 1) n = suffix While True k = tree(n).Length Dim b = i - k - 2 If b >= 0 AndAlso s(b) = c Then Exit While End If n = tree(n).Suffix End While If tree(n).Edges.ContainsKey(c) Then suffix = tree(n).Edges(c) Continue For End If suffix = tree.Count tree.Add(New Node(k + 2)) tree(n).Edges(c) = suffix If tree(suffix).Length = 1 Then tree(suffix).Suffix = 0 Continue For End If While True n = tree(n).Suffix Dim b = i - tree(n).Length - 2 If b >= 0 AndAlso s(b) = c Then Exit While End If End While Dim a = tree(n) Dim d = a.Edges(c) Dim e = tree(suffix) e.Suffix = d Next Return tree End Function Function SubPalindromes(tree As List(Of Node)) As List(Of String) Dim s As New List(Of String) Dim children As Action(Of Integer, String) = Sub(n As Integer, p As String) For Each c In tree(n).Edges.Keys Dim m = tree(n).Edges(c) Dim p1 = c + p + c s.Add(p1) children(m, p1) Next End Sub children(0, "") For Each c In tree(1).Edges.Keys Dim m = tree(1).Edges(c) Dim ct = c.ToString() s.Add(ct) children(m, ct) Next Return s End Function Sub Main() Dim tree = Eertree("eertree") Dim result = SubPalindromes(tree) Dim listStr = String.Join(", ", result) Console.WriteLine("[{0}]", listStr) End Sub End Module
Rewrite this program in VB while keeping its functionality equivalent to the C# version.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; namespace Eertree { class Node { public Node(int length) { this.Length = length; this.Edges = new Dictionary<char, int>(); } public Node(int length, Dictionary<char, int> edges, int suffix) { this.Length = length; this.Edges = edges; this.Suffix = suffix; } public int Length { get; set; } public Dictionary<char, int> Edges { get; set; } public int Suffix { get; set; } } class Program { const int EVEN_ROOT = 0; const int ODD_ROOT = 1; static List<Node> Eertree(string s) { List<Node> tree = new List<Node> { new Node(0, new Dictionary<char, int>(), ODD_ROOT), new Node(-1, new Dictionary<char, int>(), ODD_ROOT) }; int suffix = ODD_ROOT; int n, k; for (int i = 0; i < s.Length; i++) { char c = s[i]; for (n = suffix; ; n = tree[n].Suffix) { k = tree[n].Length; int b = i - k - 1; if (b >= 0 && s[b] == c) { break; } } if (tree[n].Edges.ContainsKey(c)) { suffix = tree[n].Edges[c]; continue; } suffix = tree.Count; tree.Add(new Node(k + 2)); tree[n].Edges[c] = suffix; if (tree[suffix].Length == 1) { tree[suffix].Suffix = 0; continue; } while (true) { n = tree[n].Suffix; int b = i - tree[n].Length - 1; if (b >= 0 && s[b] == c) { break; } } tree[suffix].Suffix = tree[n].Edges[c]; } return tree; } static List<string> SubPalindromes(List<Node> tree) { List<string> s = new List<string>(); SubPalindromes_children(0, "", tree, s); foreach (var c in tree[1].Edges.Keys) { int m = tree[1].Edges[c]; string ct = c.ToString(); s.Add(ct); SubPalindromes_children(m, ct, tree, s); } return s; } static void SubPalindromes_children(int n, string p, List<Node> tree, List<string> s) { foreach (var c in tree[n].Edges.Keys) { int m = tree[n].Edges[c]; string p1 = c + p + c; s.Add(p1); SubPalindromes_children(m, p1, tree, s); } } static void Main(string[] args) { List<Node> tree = Eertree("eertree"); List<string> result = SubPalindromes(tree); string listStr = string.Join(", ", result); Console.WriteLine("[{0}]", listStr); } } }
Module Module1 Class Node Public Sub New(Len As Integer) Length = Len Edges = New Dictionary(Of Char, Integer) End Sub Public Sub New(len As Integer, edg As Dictionary(Of Char, Integer), suf As Integer) Length = len Edges = If(IsNothing(edg), New Dictionary(Of Char, Integer), edg) Suffix = suf End Sub Property Edges As Dictionary(Of Char, Integer) Property Length As Integer Property Suffix As Integer End Class ReadOnly EVEN_ROOT As Integer = 0 ReadOnly ODD_ROOT As Integer = 1 Function Eertree(s As String) As List(Of Node) Dim tree As New List(Of Node) From { New Node(0, New Dictionary(Of Char, Integer), ODD_ROOT), New Node(-1, New Dictionary(Of Char, Integer), ODD_ROOT) } Dim suffix = ODD_ROOT Dim n As Integer Dim k As Integer For i = 1 To s.Length Dim c = s(i - 1) n = suffix While True k = tree(n).Length Dim b = i - k - 2 If b >= 0 AndAlso s(b) = c Then Exit While End If n = tree(n).Suffix End While If tree(n).Edges.ContainsKey(c) Then suffix = tree(n).Edges(c) Continue For End If suffix = tree.Count tree.Add(New Node(k + 2)) tree(n).Edges(c) = suffix If tree(suffix).Length = 1 Then tree(suffix).Suffix = 0 Continue For End If While True n = tree(n).Suffix Dim b = i - tree(n).Length - 2 If b >= 0 AndAlso s(b) = c Then Exit While End If End While Dim a = tree(n) Dim d = a.Edges(c) Dim e = tree(suffix) e.Suffix = d Next Return tree End Function Function SubPalindromes(tree As List(Of Node)) As List(Of String) Dim s As New List(Of String) Dim children As Action(Of Integer, String) = Sub(n As Integer, p As String) For Each c In tree(n).Edges.Keys Dim m = tree(n).Edges(c) Dim p1 = c + p + c s.Add(p1) children(m, p1) Next End Sub children(0, "") For Each c In tree(1).Edges.Keys Dim m = tree(1).Edges(c) Dim ct = c.ToString() s.Add(ct) children(m, ct) Next Return s End Function Sub Main() Dim tree = Eertree("eertree") Dim result = SubPalindromes(tree) Dim listStr = String.Join(", ", result) Console.WriteLine("[{0}]", listStr) End Sub End Module
Generate a VB translation of this C# snippet without changing its computational steps.
using static System.Console; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Globalization; public static class Program { public static void Main() { WriteLine("Long years in the 21st century:"); WriteLine(string.Join(" ", 2000.To(2100).Where(y => ISOWeek.GetWeeksInYear(y) == 53))); } public static IEnumerable<int> To(this int start, int end) { for (int i = start; i < end; i++) yield return i; } }
DEFINT A-Z DECLARE FUNCTION p% (Yr AS INTEGER) DECLARE FUNCTION LongYear% (Yr AS INTEGER) DIM iYi, iYf, i CLS PRINT "This program calculates which are 53-week years in a range." PRINT INPUT "Initial year"; iYi INPUT "Final year (could be the same)"; iYf IF iYf >= iYi THEN FOR i = iYi TO iYf IF LongYear(i) THEN PRINT i; " "; END IF NEXT i END IF PRINT PRINT PRINT "End of program." END FUNCTION LongYear% (Yr AS INTEGER) LongYear% = (p%(Yr) = 4) OR (p%(Yr - 1) = 3) END FUNCTION FUNCTION p% (Yr AS INTEGER) p% = (Yr + INT(Yr / 4) - INT(Yr / 100) + INT(Yr / 400)) MOD 7 END FUNCTION
Convert this C# block to VB, preserving its control flow and logic.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; namespace ZumkellerNumbers { class Program { static List<int> GetDivisors(int n) { List<int> divs = new List<int> { 1, n }; for (int i = 2; i * i <= n; i++) { if (n % i == 0) { int j = n / i; divs.Add(i); if (i != j) { divs.Add(j); } } } return divs; } static bool IsPartSum(List<int> divs, int sum) { if (sum == 0) { return true; } var le = divs.Count; if (le == 0) { return false; } var last = divs[le - 1]; List<int> newDivs = new List<int>(); for (int i = 0; i < le - 1; i++) { newDivs.Add(divs[i]); } if (last > sum) { return IsPartSum(newDivs, sum); } return IsPartSum(newDivs, sum) || IsPartSum(newDivs, sum - last); } static bool IsZumkeller(int n) { var divs = GetDivisors(n); var sum = divs.Sum(); if (sum % 2 == 1) { return false; } if (n % 2 == 1) { var abundance = sum - 2 * n; return abundance > 0 && abundance % 2 == 0; } return IsPartSum(divs, sum / 2); } static void Main() { Console.WriteLine("The first 220 Zumkeller numbers are:"); int i = 2; for (int count = 0; count < 220; i++) { if (IsZumkeller(i)) { Console.Write("{0,3} ", i); count++; if (count % 20 == 0) { Console.WriteLine(); } } } Console.WriteLine("\nThe first 40 odd Zumkeller numbers are:"); i = 3; for (int count = 0; count < 40; i += 2) { if (IsZumkeller(i)) { Console.Write("{0,5} ", i); count++; if (count % 10 == 0) { Console.WriteLine(); } } } Console.WriteLine("\nThe first 40 odd Zumkeller numbers which don't end in 5 are:"); i = 3; for (int count = 0; count < 40; i += 2) { if (i % 10 != 5 && IsZumkeller(i)) { Console.Write("{0,7} ", i); count++; if (count % 8 == 0) { Console.WriteLine(); } } } } } }
Module Module1 Function GetDivisors(n As Integer) As List(Of Integer) Dim divs As New List(Of Integer) From { 1, n } Dim i = 2 While i * i <= n If n Mod i = 0 Then Dim j = n \ i divs.Add(i) If i <> j Then divs.Add(j) End If End If i += 1 End While Return divs End Function Function IsPartSum(divs As List(Of Integer), sum As Integer) As Boolean If sum = 0 Then Return True End If Dim le = divs.Count If le = 0 Then Return False End If Dim last = divs(le - 1) Dim newDivs As New List(Of Integer) For i = 1 To le - 1 newDivs.Add(divs(i - 1)) Next If last > sum Then Return IsPartSum(newDivs, sum) End If Return IsPartSum(newDivs, sum) OrElse IsPartSum(newDivs, sum - last) End Function Function IsZumkeller(n As Integer) As Boolean Dim divs = GetDivisors(n) Dim sum = divs.Sum() REM if sum is odd can If sum Mod 2 = 1 Then Return False End If REM if n is odd use If n Mod 2 = 1 Then Dim abundance = sum - 2 * n Return abundance > 0 AndAlso abundance Mod 2 = 0 End If REM if n and sum are both even check if there Return IsPartSum(divs, sum \ 2) End Function Sub Main() Console.WriteLine("The first 220 Zumkeller numbers are:") Dim i = 2 Dim count = 0 While count < 220 If IsZumkeller(i) Then Console.Write("{0,3} ", i) count += 1 If count Mod 20 = 0 Then Console.WriteLine() End If End If i += 1 End While Console.WriteLine() Console.WriteLine("The first 40 odd Zumkeller numbers are:") i = 3 count = 0 While count < 40 If IsZumkeller(i) Then Console.Write("{0,5} ", i) count += 1 If count Mod 10 = 0 Then Console.WriteLine() End If End If i += 2 End While Console.WriteLine() Console.WriteLine("The first 40 odd Zumkeller numbers which don i = 3 count = 0 While count < 40 If i Mod 10 <> 5 AndAlso IsZumkeller(i) Then Console.Write("{0,7} ", i) count += 1 If count Mod 8 = 0 Then Console.WriteLine() End If End If i += 2 End While End Sub End Module
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in VB.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; public class Program { public static void Main() { var baseData = new Dictionary<string, object> { ["name"] = "Rocket Skates", ["price"] = 12.75, ["color"] = "yellow" }; var updateData = new Dictionary<string, object> { ["price"] = 15.25, ["color"] = "red", ["year"] = 1974 }; var mergedData = new Dictionary<string, object>(); foreach (var entry in baseData.Concat(updateData)) { mergedData[entry.Key] = entry.Value; } foreach (var entry in mergedData) { Console.WriteLine(entry); } } }
Private Type Associative Key As String Value As Variant End Type Sub Main_Array_Associative() Dim BaseArray(2) As Associative, UpdateArray(2) As Associative FillArrays BaseArray, UpdateArray ReDim Result(UBound(BaseArray)) As Associative MergeArray Result, BaseArray, UpdateArray PrintOut Result End Sub Private Sub MergeArray(Res() As Associative, Base() As Associative, Update() As Associative) Dim i As Long, Respons As Long Res = Base For i = LBound(Update) To UBound(Update) If Exist(Respons, Base, Update(i).Key) Then Res(Respons).Value = Update(i).Value Else ReDim Preserve Res(UBound(Res) + 1) Res(UBound(Res)).Key = Update(i).Key Res(UBound(Res)).Value = Update(i).Value End If Next End Sub Private Function Exist(R As Long, B() As Associative, K As String) As Boolean Dim i As Long Do If B(i).Key = K Then Exist = True R = i End If i = i + 1 Loop While i <= UBound(B) And Not Exist End Function Private Sub FillArrays(B() As Associative, U() As Associative) B(0).Key = "name" B(0).Value = "Rocket Skates" B(1).Key = "price" B(1).Value = 12.75 B(2).Key = "color" B(2).Value = "yellow" U(0).Key = "price" U(0).Value = 15.25 U(1).Key = "color" U(1).Value = "red" U(2).Key = "year" U(2).Value = 1974 End Sub Private Sub PrintOut(A() As Associative) Dim i As Long Debug.Print "Key", "Value" For i = LBound(A) To UBound(A) Debug.Print A(i).Key, A(i).Value Next i Debug.Print "-----------------------------" End Sub
Port the provided C# code into VB while preserving the original functionality.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; public class Program { public static void Main() { var baseData = new Dictionary<string, object> { ["name"] = "Rocket Skates", ["price"] = 12.75, ["color"] = "yellow" }; var updateData = new Dictionary<string, object> { ["price"] = 15.25, ["color"] = "red", ["year"] = 1974 }; var mergedData = new Dictionary<string, object>(); foreach (var entry in baseData.Concat(updateData)) { mergedData[entry.Key] = entry.Value; } foreach (var entry in mergedData) { Console.WriteLine(entry); } } }
Private Type Associative Key As String Value As Variant End Type Sub Main_Array_Associative() Dim BaseArray(2) As Associative, UpdateArray(2) As Associative FillArrays BaseArray, UpdateArray ReDim Result(UBound(BaseArray)) As Associative MergeArray Result, BaseArray, UpdateArray PrintOut Result End Sub Private Sub MergeArray(Res() As Associative, Base() As Associative, Update() As Associative) Dim i As Long, Respons As Long Res = Base For i = LBound(Update) To UBound(Update) If Exist(Respons, Base, Update(i).Key) Then Res(Respons).Value = Update(i).Value Else ReDim Preserve Res(UBound(Res) + 1) Res(UBound(Res)).Key = Update(i).Key Res(UBound(Res)).Value = Update(i).Value End If Next End Sub Private Function Exist(R As Long, B() As Associative, K As String) As Boolean Dim i As Long Do If B(i).Key = K Then Exist = True R = i End If i = i + 1 Loop While i <= UBound(B) And Not Exist End Function Private Sub FillArrays(B() As Associative, U() As Associative) B(0).Key = "name" B(0).Value = "Rocket Skates" B(1).Key = "price" B(1).Value = 12.75 B(2).Key = "color" B(2).Value = "yellow" U(0).Key = "price" U(0).Value = 15.25 U(1).Key = "color" U(1).Value = "red" U(2).Key = "year" U(2).Value = 1974 End Sub Private Sub PrintOut(A() As Associative) Dim i As Long Debug.Print "Key", "Value" For i = LBound(A) To UBound(A) Debug.Print A(i).Key, A(i).Value Next i Debug.Print "-----------------------------" End Sub
Write a version of this C# function in VB with identical behavior.
using static System.Math; using static System.Console; using BI = System.Numerics.BigInteger; class Program { static BI IntSqRoot(BI v, BI res) { BI term = 0, d = 0, dl = 1; while (dl != d) { term = v / res; res = (res + term) >> 1; dl = d; d = term - res; } return term; } static string doOne(int b, int digs) { int s = b * b + 4; BI g = (BI)(Sqrt((double)s) * Pow(10, ++digs)), bs = IntSqRoot(s * BI.Parse('1' + new string('0', digs << 1)), g); bs += b * BI.Parse('1' + new string('0', digs)); bs >>= 1; bs += 4; string st = bs.ToString(); return string.Format("{0}.{1}", st[0], st.Substring(1, --digs)); } static string divIt(BI a, BI b, int digs) { int al = a.ToString().Length, bl = b.ToString().Length; a *= BI.Pow(10, ++digs << 1); b *= BI.Pow(10, digs); string s = (a / b + 5).ToString(); return s[0] + "." + s.Substring(1, --digs); } static string joined(BI[] x) { int[] wids = {1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13}; string res = ""; for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++) res += string.Format("{0," + (-wids[i]).ToString() + "} ", x[i]); return res; } static void Main(string[] args) { WriteLine("Metal B Sq.Rt Iters /---- 32 decimal place value ----\\ Matches Sq.Rt Calc"); int k; string lt, t = ""; BI n, nm1, on; for (int b = 0; b < 10; b++) { BI[] lst = new BI[15]; lst[0] = lst[1] = 1; for (int i = 2; i < 15; i++) lst[i] = b * lst[i - 1] + lst[i - 2]; n = lst[14]; nm1 = lst[13]; k = 0; for (int j = 13; k == 0; j++) { lt = t; if (lt == (t = divIt(n, nm1, 32))) k = b == 0 ? 1 : j; on = n; n = b * n + nm1; nm1 = on; } WriteLine("{0,4} {1} {2,2} {3, 2} {4} {5}\n{6,19} {7}", "Pt Au Ag CuSn Cu Ni Al Fe Sn Pb" .Split(' ')[b], b, b * b + 4, k, t, t == doOne(b, 32), "", joined(lst)); } n = nm1 =1; k = 0; for (int j = 1; k == 0; j++) { lt = t; if (lt == (t = divIt(n, nm1, 256))) k = j; on = n; n += nm1; nm1 = on; } WriteLine("\nAu to 256 digits:"); WriteLine(t); WriteLine("Iteration count: {0} Matched Sq.Rt Calc: {1}", k, t == doOne(1, 256)); } }
Imports BI = System.Numerics.BigInteger Module Module1 Function IntSqRoot(v As BI, res As BI) As BI REM res is the initial guess Dim term As BI = 0 Dim d As BI = 0 Dim dl As BI = 1 While dl <> d term = v / res res = (res + term) >> 1 dl = d d = term - res End While Return term End Function Function DoOne(b As Integer, digs As Integer) As String REM calculates result via square root, not iterations Dim s = b * b + 4 digs += 1 Dim g As BI = Math.Sqrt(s * Math.Pow(10, digs)) Dim bs = IntSqRoot(s * BI.Parse("1" + New String("0", digs << 1)), g) bs += b * BI.Parse("1" + New String("0", digs)) bs >>= 1 bs += 4 Dim st = bs.ToString digs -= 1 Return String.Format("{0}.{1}", st(0), st.Substring(1, digs)) End Function Function DivIt(a As BI, b As BI, digs As Integer) As String REM performs division Dim al = a.ToString.Length Dim bl = b.ToString.Length digs += 1 a *= BI.Pow(10, digs << 1) b *= BI.Pow(10, digs) Dim s = (a / b + 5).ToString digs -= 1 Return s(0) + "." + s.Substring(1, digs) End Function REM custom formatting Function Joined(x() As BI) As String Dim wids() = {1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13} Dim res = "" For i = 0 To x.Length - 1 res += String.Format("{0," + (-wids(i)).ToString + "} ", x(i)) Next Return res End Function Sub Main() REM calculates and checks each "metal" Console.WriteLine("Metal B Sq.Rt Iters /---- 32 decimal place value ----\\ Matches Sq.Rt Calc") Dim t = "" Dim n As BI Dim nm1 As BI Dim k As Integer Dim j As Integer For b = 0 To 9 Dim lst(14) As BI lst(0) = 1 lst(1) = 1 For i = 2 To 14 lst(i) = b * lst(i - 1) + lst(i - 2) Next REM since all the iterations (except Pt) are > 15, continue iterating from the end of the list of 15 n = lst(14) nm1 = lst(13) k = 0 j = 13 While k = 0 Dim lt = t t = DivIt(n, nm1, 32) If lt = t Then k = If(b = 0, 1, j) End If Dim onn = n n = b * n + nm1 nm1 = onn j += 1 End While Console.WriteLine("{0,4} {1} {2,2} {3, 2} {4} {5}" + vbNewLine + "{6,19} {7}", "Pt Au Ag CuSn Cu Ni Al Fe Sn Pb".Split(" ")(b), b, b * b + 4, k, t, t = DoOne(b, 32), "", Joined(lst)) Next REM now calculate and check big one n = 1 nm1 = 1 k = 0 j = 1 While k = 0 Dim lt = t t = DivIt(n, nm1, 256) If lt = t Then k = j End If Dim onn = n n += nm1 nm1 = onn j += 1 End While Console.WriteLine() Console.WriteLine("Au to 256 digits:") Console.WriteLine(t) Console.WriteLine("Iteration count: {0} Matched Sq.Rt Calc: {1}", k, t = DoOne(1, 256)) End Sub End Module
Produce a language-to-language conversion: from C# to VB, same semantics.
using static System.Math; using static System.Console; using BI = System.Numerics.BigInteger; class Program { static BI IntSqRoot(BI v, BI res) { BI term = 0, d = 0, dl = 1; while (dl != d) { term = v / res; res = (res + term) >> 1; dl = d; d = term - res; } return term; } static string doOne(int b, int digs) { int s = b * b + 4; BI g = (BI)(Sqrt((double)s) * Pow(10, ++digs)), bs = IntSqRoot(s * BI.Parse('1' + new string('0', digs << 1)), g); bs += b * BI.Parse('1' + new string('0', digs)); bs >>= 1; bs += 4; string st = bs.ToString(); return string.Format("{0}.{1}", st[0], st.Substring(1, --digs)); } static string divIt(BI a, BI b, int digs) { int al = a.ToString().Length, bl = b.ToString().Length; a *= BI.Pow(10, ++digs << 1); b *= BI.Pow(10, digs); string s = (a / b + 5).ToString(); return s[0] + "." + s.Substring(1, --digs); } static string joined(BI[] x) { int[] wids = {1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13}; string res = ""; for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++) res += string.Format("{0," + (-wids[i]).ToString() + "} ", x[i]); return res; } static void Main(string[] args) { WriteLine("Metal B Sq.Rt Iters /---- 32 decimal place value ----\\ Matches Sq.Rt Calc"); int k; string lt, t = ""; BI n, nm1, on; for (int b = 0; b < 10; b++) { BI[] lst = new BI[15]; lst[0] = lst[1] = 1; for (int i = 2; i < 15; i++) lst[i] = b * lst[i - 1] + lst[i - 2]; n = lst[14]; nm1 = lst[13]; k = 0; for (int j = 13; k == 0; j++) { lt = t; if (lt == (t = divIt(n, nm1, 32))) k = b == 0 ? 1 : j; on = n; n = b * n + nm1; nm1 = on; } WriteLine("{0,4} {1} {2,2} {3, 2} {4} {5}\n{6,19} {7}", "Pt Au Ag CuSn Cu Ni Al Fe Sn Pb" .Split(' ')[b], b, b * b + 4, k, t, t == doOne(b, 32), "", joined(lst)); } n = nm1 =1; k = 0; for (int j = 1; k == 0; j++) { lt = t; if (lt == (t = divIt(n, nm1, 256))) k = j; on = n; n += nm1; nm1 = on; } WriteLine("\nAu to 256 digits:"); WriteLine(t); WriteLine("Iteration count: {0} Matched Sq.Rt Calc: {1}", k, t == doOne(1, 256)); } }
Imports BI = System.Numerics.BigInteger Module Module1 Function IntSqRoot(v As BI, res As BI) As BI REM res is the initial guess Dim term As BI = 0 Dim d As BI = 0 Dim dl As BI = 1 While dl <> d term = v / res res = (res + term) >> 1 dl = d d = term - res End While Return term End Function Function DoOne(b As Integer, digs As Integer) As String REM calculates result via square root, not iterations Dim s = b * b + 4 digs += 1 Dim g As BI = Math.Sqrt(s * Math.Pow(10, digs)) Dim bs = IntSqRoot(s * BI.Parse("1" + New String("0", digs << 1)), g) bs += b * BI.Parse("1" + New String("0", digs)) bs >>= 1 bs += 4 Dim st = bs.ToString digs -= 1 Return String.Format("{0}.{1}", st(0), st.Substring(1, digs)) End Function Function DivIt(a As BI, b As BI, digs As Integer) As String REM performs division Dim al = a.ToString.Length Dim bl = b.ToString.Length digs += 1 a *= BI.Pow(10, digs << 1) b *= BI.Pow(10, digs) Dim s = (a / b + 5).ToString digs -= 1 Return s(0) + "." + s.Substring(1, digs) End Function REM custom formatting Function Joined(x() As BI) As String Dim wids() = {1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13} Dim res = "" For i = 0 To x.Length - 1 res += String.Format("{0," + (-wids(i)).ToString + "} ", x(i)) Next Return res End Function Sub Main() REM calculates and checks each "metal" Console.WriteLine("Metal B Sq.Rt Iters /---- 32 decimal place value ----\\ Matches Sq.Rt Calc") Dim t = "" Dim n As BI Dim nm1 As BI Dim k As Integer Dim j As Integer For b = 0 To 9 Dim lst(14) As BI lst(0) = 1 lst(1) = 1 For i = 2 To 14 lst(i) = b * lst(i - 1) + lst(i - 2) Next REM since all the iterations (except Pt) are > 15, continue iterating from the end of the list of 15 n = lst(14) nm1 = lst(13) k = 0 j = 13 While k = 0 Dim lt = t t = DivIt(n, nm1, 32) If lt = t Then k = If(b = 0, 1, j) End If Dim onn = n n = b * n + nm1 nm1 = onn j += 1 End While Console.WriteLine("{0,4} {1} {2,2} {3, 2} {4} {5}" + vbNewLine + "{6,19} {7}", "Pt Au Ag CuSn Cu Ni Al Fe Sn Pb".Split(" ")(b), b, b * b + 4, k, t, t = DoOne(b, 32), "", Joined(lst)) Next REM now calculate and check big one n = 1 nm1 = 1 k = 0 j = 1 While k = 0 Dim lt = t t = DivIt(n, nm1, 256) If lt = t Then k = j End If Dim onn = n n += nm1 nm1 = onn j += 1 End While Console.WriteLine() Console.WriteLine("Au to 256 digits:") Console.WriteLine(t) Console.WriteLine("Iteration count: {0} Matched Sq.Rt Calc: {1}", k, t = DoOne(1, 256)) End Sub End Module
Rewrite this program in VB while keeping its functionality equivalent to the C# version.
using static System.Linq.Enumerable; using static System.String; using static System.Console; using System.Collections.Generic; using System; using EdgeList = System.Collections.Generic.List<(int node, double weight)>; public static class Dijkstra { public static void Main() { Graph graph = new Graph(6); Func<char, int> id = c => c - 'a'; Func<int , char> name = i => (char)(i + 'a'); foreach (var (start, end, cost) in new [] { ('a', 'b', 7), ('a', 'c', 9), ('a', 'f', 14), ('b', 'c', 10), ('b', 'd', 15), ('c', 'd', 11), ('c', 'f', 2), ('d', 'e', 6), ('e', 'f', 9), }) { graph.AddEdge(id(start), id(end), cost); } var path = graph.FindPath(id('a')); for (int d = id('b'); d <= id('f'); d++) { WriteLine(Join(" -> ", Path(id('a'), d).Select(p => $"{name(p.node)}({p.distance})").Reverse())); } IEnumerable<(double distance, int node)> Path(int start, int destination) { yield return (path[destination].distance, destination); for (int i = destination; i != start; i = path[i].prev) { yield return (path[path[i].prev].distance, path[i].prev); } } } } sealed class Graph { private readonly List<EdgeList> adjacency; public Graph(int vertexCount) => adjacency = Range(0, vertexCount).Select(v => new EdgeList()).ToList(); public int Count => adjacency.Count; public bool HasEdge(int s, int e) => adjacency[s].Any(p => p.node == e); public bool RemoveEdge(int s, int e) => adjacency[s].RemoveAll(p => p.node == e) > 0; public bool AddEdge(int s, int e, double weight) { if (HasEdge(s, e)) return false; adjacency[s].Add((e, weight)); return true; } public (double distance, int prev)[] FindPath(int start) { var info = Range(0, adjacency.Count).Select(i => (distance: double.PositiveInfinity, prev: i)).ToArray(); info[start].distance = 0; var visited = new System.Collections.BitArray(adjacency.Count); var heap = new Heap<(int node, double distance)>((a, b) => a.distance.CompareTo(b.distance)); heap.Push((start, 0)); while (heap.Count > 0) { var current = heap.Pop(); if (visited[current.node]) continue; var edges = adjacency[current.node]; for (int n = 0; n < edges.Count; n++) { int v = edges[n].node; if (visited[v]) continue; double alt = info[current.node].distance + edges[n].weight; if (alt < info[v].distance) { info[v] = (alt, current.node); heap.Push((v, alt)); } } visited[current.node] = true; } return info; } } sealed class Heap<T> { private readonly IComparer<T> comparer; private readonly List<T> list = new List<T> { default }; public Heap() : this(default(IComparer<T>)) { } public Heap(IComparer<T> comparer) { this.comparer = comparer ?? Comparer<T>.Default; } public Heap(Comparison<T> comparison) : this(Comparer<T>.Create(comparison)) { } public int Count => list.Count - 1; public void Push(T element) { list.Add(element); SiftUp(list.Count - 1); } public T Pop() { T result = list[1]; list[1] = list[list.Count - 1]; list.RemoveAt(list.Count - 1); SiftDown(1); return result; } private static int Parent(int i) => i / 2; private static int Left(int i) => i * 2; private static int Right(int i) => i * 2 + 1; private void SiftUp(int i) { while (i > 1) { int parent = Parent(i); if (comparer.Compare(list[i], list[parent]) > 0) return; (list[parent], list[i]) = (list[i], list[parent]); i = parent; } } private void SiftDown(int i) { for (int left = Left(i); left < list.Count; left = Left(i)) { int smallest = comparer.Compare(list[left], list[i]) <= 0 ? left : i; int right = Right(i); if (right < list.Count && comparer.Compare(list[right], list[smallest]) <= 0) smallest = right; if (smallest == i) return; (list[i], list[smallest]) = (list[smallest], list[i]); i = smallest; } } }
Class Branch Public from As Node Public towards As Node Public length As Integer Public distance As Integer Public key As String Class Node Public key As String Public correspondingBranch As Branch Const INFINITY = 32767 Private Sub Dijkstra(Nodes As Collection, Branches As Collection, P As Node, Optional Q As Node) Dim a As New Collection Dim b As New Collection Dim c As New Collection Dim I As New Collection Dim II As New Collection Dim III As New Collection Dim u As Node, R_ As Node, dist As Integer For Each n In Nodes c.Add n, n.key Next n For Each e In Branches III.Add e, e.key Next e a.Add P, P.key c.Remove P.key Set u = P Do For Each r In III If r.from Is u Then Set R_ = r.towards If Belongs(R_, c) Then c.Remove R_.key b.Add R_, R_.key Set R_.correspondingBranch = r If u.correspondingBranch Is Nothing Then R_.correspondingBranch.distance = r.length Else R_.correspondingBranch.distance = u.correspondingBranch.distance + r.length End If III.Remove r.key II.Add r, r.key Else If Belongs(R_, b) Then If R_.correspondingBranch.distance > u.correspondingBranch.distance + r.length Then II.Remove R_.correspondingBranch.key II.Add r, r.key Set R_.correspondingBranch = r R_.correspondingBranch.distance = u.correspondingBranch.distance + r.length End If End If End If End If Next r dist = INFINITY Set u = Nothing For Each n In b If dist > n.correspondingBranch.distance Then dist = n.correspondingBranch.distance Set u = n End If Next n b.Remove u.key a.Add u, u.key II.Remove u.correspondingBranch.key I.Add u.correspondingBranch, u.correspondingBranch.key Loop Until IIf(Q Is Nothing, a.Count = Nodes.Count, u Is Q) If Not Q Is Nothing Then GetPath Q End Sub Private Function Belongs(n As Node, col As Collection) As Boolean Dim obj As Node On Error GoTo err Belongs = True Set obj = col(n.key) Exit Function err: Belongs = False End Function Private Sub GetPath(Target As Node) Dim path As String If Target.correspondingBranch Is Nothing Then path = "no path" Else path = Target.key Set u = Target Do While Not u.correspondingBranch Is Nothing path = u.correspondingBranch.from.key & " " & path Set u = u.correspondingBranch.from Loop Debug.Print u.key, Target.key, Target.correspondingBranch.distance, path End If End Sub Public Sub test() Dim a As New Node, b As New Node, c As New Node, d As New Node, e As New Node, f As New Node Dim ab As New Branch, ac As New Branch, af As New Branch, bc As New Branch, bd As New Branch Dim cd As New Branch, cf As New Branch, de As New Branch, ef As New Branch Set ab.from = a: Set ab.towards = b: ab.length = 7: ab.key = "ab": ab.distance = INFINITY Set ac.from = a: Set ac.towards = c: ac.length = 9: ac.key = "ac": ac.distance = INFINITY Set af.from = a: Set af.towards = f: af.length = 14: af.key = "af": af.distance = INFINITY Set bc.from = b: Set bc.towards = c: bc.length = 10: bc.key = "bc": bc.distance = INFINITY Set bd.from = b: Set bd.towards = d: bd.length = 15: bd.key = "bd": bd.distance = INFINITY Set cd.from = c: Set cd.towards = d: cd.length = 11: cd.key = "cd": cd.distance = INFINITY Set cf.from = c: Set cf.towards = f: cf.length = 2: cf.key = "cf": cf.distance = INFINITY Set de.from = d: Set de.towards = e: de.length = 6: de.key = "de": de.distance = INFINITY Set ef.from = e: Set ef.towards = f: ef.length = 9: ef.key = "ef": ef.distance = INFINITY a.key = "a" b.key = "b" c.key = "c" d.key = "d" e.key = "e" f.key = "f" Dim testNodes As New Collection Dim testBranches As New Collection testNodes.Add a, "a" testNodes.Add b, "b" testNodes.Add c, "c" testNodes.Add d, "d" testNodes.Add e, "e" testNodes.Add f, "f" testBranches.Add ab, "ab" testBranches.Add ac, "ac" testBranches.Add af, "af" testBranches.Add bc, "bc" testBranches.Add bd, "bd" testBranches.Add cd, "cd" testBranches.Add cf, "cf" testBranches.Add de, "de" testBranches.Add ef, "ef" Debug.Print "From", "To", "Distance", "Path" Dijkstra testNodes, testBranches, a, e Dijkstra testNodes, testBranches, a GetPath f End Sub
Convert this C# snippet to VB and keep its semantics consistent.
using System; using System.Text; namespace GeometricAlgebra { struct Vector { private readonly double[] dims; public Vector(double[] da) { dims = da; } public static Vector operator -(Vector v) { return v * -1.0; } public static Vector operator +(Vector lhs, Vector rhs) { var result = new double[32]; Array.Copy(lhs.dims, 0, result, 0, lhs.Length); for (int i = 0; i < result.Length; i++) { result[i] = lhs[i] + rhs[i]; } return new Vector(result); } public static Vector operator *(Vector lhs, Vector rhs) { var result = new double[32]; for (int i = 0; i < lhs.Length; i++) { if (lhs[i] != 0.0) { for (int j = 0; j < lhs.Length; j++) { if (rhs[j] != 0.0) { var s = ReorderingSign(i, j) * lhs[i] * rhs[j]; var k = i ^ j; result[k] += s; } } } } return new Vector(result); } public static Vector operator *(Vector v, double scale) { var result = (double[])v.dims.Clone(); for (int i = 0; i < result.Length; i++) { result[i] *= scale; } return new Vector(result); } public double this[int key] { get { return dims[key]; } set { dims[key] = value; } } public int Length { get { return dims.Length; } } public Vector Dot(Vector rhs) { return (this * rhs + rhs * this) * 0.5; } private static int BitCount(int i) { i -= ((i >> 1) & 0x55555555); i = (i & 0x33333333) + ((i >> 2) & 0x33333333); i = (i + (i >> 4)) & 0x0F0F0F0F; i += (i >> 8); i += (i >> 16); return i & 0x0000003F; } private static double ReorderingSign(int i, int j) { int k = i >> 1; int sum = 0; while (k != 0) { sum += BitCount(k & j); k >>= 1; } return ((sum & 1) == 0) ? 1.0 : -1.0; } public override string ToString() { var it = dims.GetEnumerator(); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("["); if (it.MoveNext()) { sb.Append(it.Current); } while (it.MoveNext()) { sb.Append(", "); sb.Append(it.Current); } sb.Append(']'); return sb.ToString(); } } class Program { static double[] DoubleArray(uint size) { double[] result = new double[size]; for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { result[i] = 0.0; } return result; } static Vector E(int n) { if (n > 4) { throw new ArgumentException("n must be less than 5"); } var result = new Vector(DoubleArray(32)); result[1 << n] = 1.0; return result; } static readonly Random r = new Random(); static Vector RandomVector() { var result = new Vector(DoubleArray(32)); for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { var singleton = new double[] { r.NextDouble() }; result += new Vector(singleton) * E(i); } return result; } static Vector RandomMultiVector() { var result = new Vector(DoubleArray(32)); for (int i = 0; i < result.Length; i++) { result[i] = r.NextDouble(); } return result; } static void Main() { for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) { if (i < j) { if (E(i).Dot(E(j))[0] != 0.0) { Console.WriteLine("Unexpected non-null sclar product."); return; } } else if (i == j) { if ((E(i).Dot(E(j)))[0] == 0.0) { Console.WriteLine("Unexpected null sclar product."); } } } } var a = RandomMultiVector(); var b = RandomMultiVector(); var c = RandomMultiVector(); var x = RandomVector(); Console.WriteLine((a * b) * c); Console.WriteLine(a * (b * c)); Console.WriteLine(); Console.WriteLine(a * (b + c)); Console.WriteLine(a * b + a * c); Console.WriteLine(); Console.WriteLine((a + b) * c); Console.WriteLine(a * c + b * c); Console.WriteLine(); Console.WriteLine(x * x); } } }
Option Strict On Imports System.Text Module Module1 Structure Vector Private ReadOnly dims() As Double Public Sub New(da() As Double) dims = da End Sub Public Shared Operator -(v As Vector) As Vector Return v * -1.0 End Operator Public Shared Operator +(lhs As Vector, rhs As Vector) As Vector Dim result(31) As Double Array.Copy(lhs.dims, 0, result, 0, lhs.Length) For i = 1 To result.Length Dim i2 = i - 1 result(i2) = lhs(i2) + rhs(i2) Next Return New Vector(result) End Operator Public Shared Operator *(lhs As Vector, rhs As Vector) As Vector Dim result(31) As Double For i = 1 To lhs.Length Dim i2 = i - 1 If lhs(i2) <> 0.0 Then For j = 1 To lhs.Length Dim j2 = j - 1 If rhs(j2) <> 0.0 Then Dim s = ReorderingSign(i2, j2) * lhs(i2) * rhs(j2) Dim k = i2 Xor j2 result(k) += s End If Next End If Next Return New Vector(result) End Operator Public Shared Operator *(v As Vector, scale As Double) As Vector Dim result = CType(v.dims.Clone, Double()) For i = 1 To result.Length Dim i2 = i - 1 result(i2) *= scale Next Return New Vector(result) End Operator Default Public Property Index(key As Integer) As Double Get Return dims(key) End Get Set(value As Double) dims(key) = value End Set End Property Public ReadOnly Property Length As Integer Get Return dims.Length End Get End Property Public Function Dot(rhs As Vector) As Vector Return (Me * rhs + rhs * Me) * 0.5 End Function Private Shared Function BitCount(i As Integer) As Integer i -= ((i >> 1) And &H55555555) i = (i And &H33333333) + ((i >> 2) And &H33333333) i = (i + (i >> 4)) And &HF0F0F0F i += (i >> 8) i += (i >> 16) Return i And &H3F End Function Private Shared Function ReorderingSign(i As Integer, j As Integer) As Double Dim k = i >> 1 Dim sum = 0 While k <> 0 sum += BitCount(k And j) k >>= 1 End While Return If((sum And 1) = 0, 1.0, -1.0) End Function Public Overrides Function ToString() As String Dim it = dims.GetEnumerator Dim sb As New StringBuilder("[") If it.MoveNext() Then sb.Append(it.Current) End If While it.MoveNext sb.Append(", ") sb.Append(it.Current) End While sb.Append("]") Return sb.ToString End Function End Structure Function DoubleArray(size As Integer) As Double() Dim result(size - 1) As Double For i = 1 To size Dim i2 = i - 1 result(i2) = 0.0 Next Return result End Function Function E(n As Integer) As Vector If n > 4 Then Throw New ArgumentException("n must be less than 5") End If Dim result As New Vector(DoubleArray(32)) result(1 << n) = 1.0 Return result End Function ReadOnly r As New Random() Function RandomVector() As Vector Dim result As New Vector(DoubleArray(32)) For i = 1 To 5 Dim i2 = i - 1 Dim singleton() As Double = {r.NextDouble()} result += New Vector(singleton) * E(i2) Next Return result End Function Function RandomMultiVector() As Vector Dim result As New Vector(DoubleArray(32)) For i = 1 To result.Length Dim i2 = i - 1 result(i2) = r.NextDouble() Next Return result End Function Sub Main() For i = 1 To 5 Dim i2 = i - 1 For j = 1 To 5 Dim j2 = j - 1 If i2 < j2 Then If E(i2).Dot(E(j2))(0) <> 0.0 Then Console.Error.WriteLine("Unexpected non-null scalar product") Return End If ElseIf i2 = j2 Then If E(i2).Dot(E(j2))(0) = 0.0 Then Console.Error.WriteLine("Unexpected null scalar product") Return End If End If Next Next Dim a = RandomMultiVector() Dim b = RandomMultiVector() Dim c = RandomMultiVector() Dim x = RandomVector() Console.WriteLine((a * b) * c) Console.WriteLine(a * (b * c)) Console.WriteLine() Console.WriteLine(a * (b + c)) Console.WriteLine(a * b + a * c) Console.WriteLine() Console.WriteLine((a + b) * c) Console.WriteLine(a * c + b * c) Console.WriteLine() Console.WriteLine(x * x) End Sub End Module
Write the same code in VB as shown below in C#.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; namespace AssocArrays { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Dictionary<string,int> assocArray = new Dictionary<string,int>(); assocArray["Hello"] = 1; assocArray.Add("World", 2); assocArray["!"] = 3; foreach (KeyValuePair<string, int> kvp in assocArray) { Console.WriteLine(kvp.Key + " : " + kvp.Value); } foreach (string key in assocArray.Keys) { Console.WriteLine(key); } foreach (int val in assocArray.Values) { Console.WriteLine(val.ToString()); } } } }
Option Explicit Sub Test() Dim h As Object, i As Long, u, v, s Set h = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary") h.Add "A", 1 h.Add "B", 2 h.Add "C", 3 For Each s In h.Keys Debug.Print s Next For Each s In h.Items Debug.Print s Next u = h.Keys v = h.Items For i = 0 To h.Count - 1 Debug.Print u(i), v(i) Next End Sub
Convert this C# block to VB, preserving its control flow and logic.
using System; using System.Globalization; struct LimitedInt : IComparable, IComparable<LimitedInt>, IConvertible, IEquatable<LimitedInt>, IFormattable { const int MIN_VALUE = 1; const int MAX_VALUE = 10; public static readonly LimitedInt MinValue = new LimitedInt(MIN_VALUE); public static readonly LimitedInt MaxValue = new LimitedInt(MAX_VALUE); static bool IsValidValue(int value) => value >= MIN_VALUE && value <= MAX_VALUE; readonly int _value; public int Value => this._value == 0 ? MIN_VALUE : this._value; public LimitedInt(int value) { if (!IsValidValue(value)) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(value), value, $"Value must be between {MIN_VALUE} and {MAX_VALUE}."); this._value = value; } #region IComparable public int CompareTo(object obj) { if (obj is LimitedInt l) return this.Value.CompareTo(l); throw new ArgumentException("Object must be of type " + nameof(LimitedInt), nameof(obj)); } #endregion #region IComparable<LimitedInt> public int CompareTo(LimitedInt other) => this.Value.CompareTo(other.Value); #endregion #region IConvertible public TypeCode GetTypeCode() => this.Value.GetTypeCode(); bool IConvertible.ToBoolean(IFormatProvider provider) => ((IConvertible)this.Value).ToBoolean(provider); byte IConvertible.ToByte(IFormatProvider provider) => ((IConvertible)this.Value).ToByte(provider); char IConvertible.ToChar(IFormatProvider provider) => ((IConvertible)this.Value).ToChar(provider); DateTime IConvertible.ToDateTime(IFormatProvider provider) => ((IConvertible)this.Value).ToDateTime(provider); decimal IConvertible.ToDecimal(IFormatProvider provider) => ((IConvertible)this.Value).ToDecimal(provider); double IConvertible.ToDouble(IFormatProvider provider) => ((IConvertible)this.Value).ToDouble(provider); short IConvertible.ToInt16(IFormatProvider provider) => ((IConvertible)this.Value).ToInt16(provider); int IConvertible.ToInt32(IFormatProvider provider) => ((IConvertible)this.Value).ToInt32(provider); long IConvertible.ToInt64(IFormatProvider provider) => ((IConvertible)this.Value).ToInt64(provider); sbyte IConvertible.ToSByte(IFormatProvider provider) => ((IConvertible)this.Value).ToSByte(provider); float IConvertible.ToSingle(IFormatProvider provider) => ((IConvertible)this.Value).ToSingle(provider); string IConvertible.ToString(IFormatProvider provider) => this.Value.ToString(provider); object IConvertible.ToType(Type conversionType, IFormatProvider provider) => ((IConvertible)this.Value).ToType(conversionType, provider); ushort IConvertible.ToUInt16(IFormatProvider provider) => ((IConvertible)this.Value).ToUInt16(provider); uint IConvertible.ToUInt32(IFormatProvider provider) => ((IConvertible)this.Value).ToUInt32(provider); ulong IConvertible.ToUInt64(IFormatProvider provider) => ((IConvertible)this.Value).ToUInt64(provider); #endregion #region IEquatable<LimitedInt> public bool Equals(LimitedInt other) => this == other; #endregion #region IFormattable public string ToString(string format, IFormatProvider formatProvider) => this.Value.ToString(format, formatProvider); #endregion #region operators public static bool operator ==(LimitedInt left, LimitedInt right) => left.Value == right.Value; public static bool operator !=(LimitedInt left, LimitedInt right) => left.Value != right.Value; public static bool operator <(LimitedInt left, LimitedInt right) => left.Value < right.Value; public static bool operator >(LimitedInt left, LimitedInt right) => left.Value > right.Value; public static bool operator <=(LimitedInt left, LimitedInt right) => left.Value <= right.Value; public static bool operator >=(LimitedInt left, LimitedInt right) => left.Value >= right.Value; public static LimitedInt operator ++(LimitedInt left) => (LimitedInt)(left.Value + 1); public static LimitedInt operator --(LimitedInt left) => (LimitedInt)(left.Value - 1); public static LimitedInt operator +(LimitedInt left, LimitedInt right) => (LimitedInt)(left.Value + right.Value); public static LimitedInt operator -(LimitedInt left, LimitedInt right) => (LimitedInt)(left.Value - right.Value); public static LimitedInt operator *(LimitedInt left, LimitedInt right) => (LimitedInt)(left.Value * right.Value); public static LimitedInt operator /(LimitedInt left, LimitedInt right) => (LimitedInt)(left.Value / right.Value); public static LimitedInt operator %(LimitedInt left, LimitedInt right) => (LimitedInt)(left.Value % right.Value); public static LimitedInt operator &(LimitedInt left, LimitedInt right) => (LimitedInt)(left.Value & right.Value); public static LimitedInt operator |(LimitedInt left, LimitedInt right) => (LimitedInt)(left.Value | right.Value); public static LimitedInt operator ^(LimitedInt left, LimitedInt right) => (LimitedInt)(left.Value ^ right.Value); public static LimitedInt operator ~(LimitedInt left) => (LimitedInt)~left.Value; public static LimitedInt operator >>(LimitedInt left, int right) => (LimitedInt)(left.Value >> right); public static LimitedInt operator <<(LimitedInt left, int right) => (LimitedInt)(left.Value << right); public static implicit operator int(LimitedInt value) => value.Value; public static explicit operator LimitedInt(int value) { if (!IsValidValue(value)) throw new OverflowException(); return new LimitedInt(value); } #endregion public bool TryFormat(Span<char> destination, out int charsWritten, ReadOnlySpan<char> format = default, IFormatProvider provider = null) => this.Value.TryFormat(destination, out charsWritten, format, provider); public override int GetHashCode() => this.Value.GetHashCode(); public override bool Equals(object obj) => obj is LimitedInt l && this.Equals(l); public override string ToString() => this.Value.ToString(); #region static methods public static bool TryParse(ReadOnlySpan<char> s, out int result) => int.TryParse(s, out result); public static bool TryParse(ReadOnlySpan<char> s, NumberStyles style, IFormatProvider provider, out int result) => int.TryParse(s, style, provider, out result); public static int Parse(string s, IFormatProvider provider) => int.Parse(s, provider); public static int Parse(string s, NumberStyles style, IFormatProvider provider) => int.Parse(s, style, provider); public static bool TryParse(string s, NumberStyles style, IFormatProvider provider, ref int result) => int.TryParse(s, style, provider, out result); public static int Parse(string s) => int.Parse(s); public static int Parse(string s, NumberStyles style) => int.Parse(s, style); public static int Parse(ReadOnlySpan<char> s, NumberStyles style = NumberStyles.Integer, IFormatProvider provider = null) => int.Parse(s, style, provider); public static bool TryParse(string s, ref int result) => int.TryParse(s, out result); #endregion }
Private mvarValue As Integer Public Property Let Value(ByVal vData As Integer) If (vData > 10) Or (vData < 1) Then Error 380 Else mvarValue = vData End If End Property Public Property Get Value() As Integer Value = mvarValue End Property Private Sub Class_Initialize() mvarValue = 1 End Sub
Translate the given C# code snippet into VB without altering its behavior.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; namespace HashJoin { public class AgeName { public AgeName(byte age, string name) { Age = age; Name = name; } public byte Age { get; private set; } public string Name { get; private set; } } public class NameNemesis { public NameNemesis(string name, string nemesis) { Name = name; Nemesis = nemesis; } public string Name { get; private set; } public string Nemesis { get; private set; } } public class DataContext { public DataContext() { AgeName = new List<AgeName>(); NameNemesis = new List<NameNemesis>(); } public List<AgeName> AgeName { get; set; } public List<NameNemesis> NameNemesis { get; set; } } public class AgeNameNemesis { public AgeNameNemesis(byte age, string name, string nemesis) { Age = age; Name = name; Nemesis = nemesis; } public byte Age { get; private set; } public string Name { get; private set; } public string Nemesis { get; private set; } } class Program { public static void Main() { var data = GetData(); var result = ExecuteHashJoin(data); WriteResultToConsole(result); } private static void WriteResultToConsole(List<AgeNameNemesis> result) { result.ForEach(ageNameNemesis => Console.WriteLine("Age: {0}, Name: {1}, Nemesis: {2}", ageNameNemesis.Age, ageNameNemesis.Name, ageNameNemesis.Nemesis)); } private static List<AgeNameNemesis> ExecuteHashJoin(DataContext data) { return (data.AgeName.Join(data.NameNemesis, ageName => ageName.Name, nameNemesis => nameNemesis.Name, (ageName, nameNemesis) => new AgeNameNemesis(ageName.Age, ageName.Name, nameNemesis.Nemesis))) .ToList(); } private static DataContext GetData() { var context = new DataContext(); context.AgeName.AddRange(new [] { new AgeName(27, "Jonah"), new AgeName(18, "Alan"), new AgeName(28, "Glory"), new AgeName(18, "Popeye"), new AgeName(28, "Alan") }); context.NameNemesis.AddRange(new[] { new NameNemesis("Jonah", "Whales"), new NameNemesis("Jonah", "Spiders"), new NameNemesis("Alan", "Ghosts"), new NameNemesis("Alan", "Zombies"), new NameNemesis("Glory", "Buffy") }); return context; } } }
Dim t_age(4,1) t_age(0,0) = 27 : t_age(0,1) = "Jonah" t_age(1,0) = 18 : t_age(1,1) = "Alan" t_age(2,0) = 28 : t_age(2,1) = "Glory" t_age(3,0) = 18 : t_age(3,1) = "Popeye" t_age(4,0) = 28 : t_age(4,1) = "Alan" Dim t_nemesis(4,1) t_nemesis(0,0) = "Jonah" : t_nemesis(0,1) = "Whales" t_nemesis(1,0) = "Jonah" : t_nemesis(1,1) = "Spiders" t_nemesis(2,0) = "Alan" : t_nemesis(2,1) = "Ghosts" t_nemesis(3,0) = "Alan" : t_nemesis(3,1) = "Zombies" t_nemesis(4,0) = "Glory" : t_nemesis(4,1) = "Buffy" Call hash_join(t_age,1,t_nemesis,0) Sub hash_join(table_1,index_1,table_2,index_2) Set hash = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary") For i = 0 To UBound(table_1) hash.Add i,Array(table_1(i,0),table_1(i,1)) Next For j = 0 To UBound(table_2) For Each key In hash.Keys If hash(key)(index_1) = table_2(j,index_2) Then WScript.StdOut.WriteLine hash(key)(0) & "," & hash(key)(1) &_ " = " & table_2(j,0) & "," & table_2(j,1) End If Next Next End Sub
Convert this C# block to VB, preserving its control flow and logic.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; namespace LatinSquares { using matrix = List<List<int>>; class Program { static void Swap<T>(ref T a, ref T b) { var t = a; a = b; b = t; } static matrix DList(int n, int start) { start--; var a = Enumerable.Range(0, n).ToArray(); a[start] = a[0]; a[0] = start; Array.Sort(a, 1, a.Length - 1); var first = a[1]; matrix r = new matrix(); void recurse(int last) { if (last == first) { for (int j = 1; j < a.Length; j++) { var v = a[j]; if (j == v) { return; } } var b = a.Select(v => v + 1).ToArray(); r.Add(b.ToList()); return; } for (int i = last; i >= 1; i--) { Swap(ref a[i], ref a[last]); recurse(last - 1); Swap(ref a[i], ref a[last]); } } recurse(n - 1); return r; } static ulong ReducedLatinSquares(int n, bool echo) { if (n <= 0) { if (echo) { Console.WriteLine("[]\n"); } return 0; } else if (n == 1) { if (echo) { Console.WriteLine("[1]\n"); } return 1; } matrix rlatin = new matrix(); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { rlatin.Add(new List<int>()); for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) { rlatin[i].Add(0); } } for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) { rlatin[0][j] = j + 1; } ulong count = 0; void recurse(int i) { var rows = DList(n, i); for (int r = 0; r < rows.Count; r++) { rlatin[i - 1] = rows[r]; for (int k = 0; k < i - 1; k++) { for (int j = 1; j < n; j++) { if (rlatin[k][j] == rlatin[i - 1][j]) { if (r < rows.Count - 1) { goto outer; } if (i > 2) { return; } } } } if (i < n) { recurse(i + 1); } else { count++; if (echo) { PrintSquare(rlatin, n); } } outer: { } } } recurse(2); return count; } static void PrintSquare(matrix latin, int n) { foreach (var row in latin) { var it = row.GetEnumerator(); Console.Write("["); if (it.MoveNext()) { Console.Write(it.Current); } while (it.MoveNext()) { Console.Write(", {0}", it.Current); } Console.WriteLine("]"); } Console.WriteLine(); } static ulong Factorial(ulong n) { if (n <= 0) { return 1; } ulong prod = 1; for (ulong i = 2; i < n + 1; i++) { prod *= i; } return prod; } static void Main() { Console.WriteLine("The four reduced latin squares of order 4 are:\n"); ReducedLatinSquares(4, true); Console.WriteLine("The size of the set of reduced latin squares for the following orders"); Console.WriteLine("and hence the total number of latin squares of these orders are:\n"); for (int n = 1; n < 7; n++) { ulong nu = (ulong)n; var size = ReducedLatinSquares(n, false); var f = Factorial(nu - 1); f *= f * nu * size; Console.WriteLine("Order {0}: Size {1} x {2}! x {3}! => Total {4}", n, size, n, n - 1, f); } } } }
Option Strict On Imports Matrix = System.Collections.Generic.List(Of System.Collections.Generic.List(Of Integer)) Module Module1 Sub Swap(Of T)(ByRef a As T, ByRef b As T) Dim u = a a = b b = u End Sub Sub PrintSquare(latin As Matrix) For Each row In latin Dim it = row.GetEnumerator Console.Write("[") If it.MoveNext Then Console.Write(it.Current) End If While it.MoveNext Console.Write(", ") Console.Write(it.Current) End While Console.WriteLine("]") Next Console.WriteLine() End Sub Function DList(n As Integer, start As Integer) As Matrix start -= 1 REM use 0 based indexes Dim a = Enumerable.Range(0, n).ToArray a(start) = a(0) a(0) = start Array.Sort(a, 1, a.Length - 1) Dim first = a(1) REM recursive closure permutes a[1:] Dim r As New Matrix Dim Recurse As Action(Of Integer) = Sub(last As Integer) If last = first Then REM bottom of recursion. you get here once for each permutation REM test if permutation is deranged. For j = 1 To a.Length - 1 Dim v = a(j) If j = v Then Return REM no, ignore it End If Next REM yes, save a copy with 1 based indexing Dim b = a.Select(Function(v) v + 1).ToArray r.Add(b.ToList) Return End If For i = last To 1 Step -1 Swap(a(i), a(last)) Recurse(last - 1) Swap(a(i), a(last)) Next End Sub Recurse(n - 1) Return r End Function Function ReducedLatinSquares(n As Integer, echo As Boolean) As ULong If n <= 0 Then If echo Then Console.WriteLine("[]") Console.WriteLine() End If Return 0 End If If n = 1 Then If echo Then Console.WriteLine("[1]") Console.WriteLine() End If Return 1 End If Dim rlatin As New Matrix For i = 0 To n - 1 rlatin.Add(New List(Of Integer)) For j = 0 To n - 1 rlatin(i).Add(0) Next Next REM first row For j = 0 To n - 1 rlatin(0)(j) = j + 1 Next Dim count As ULong = 0 Dim Recurse As Action(Of Integer) = Sub(i As Integer) Dim rows = DList(n, i) For r = 0 To rows.Count - 1 rlatin(i - 1) = rows(r) For k = 0 To i - 2 For j = 1 To n - 1 If rlatin(k)(j) = rlatin(i - 1)(j) Then If r < rows.Count - 1 Then GoTo outer End If If i > 2 Then Return End If End If Next Next If i < n Then Recurse(i + 1) Else count += 1UL If echo Then PrintSquare(rlatin) End If End If outer: While False REM empty End While Next End Sub REM remiain rows Recurse(2) Return count End Function Function Factorial(n As ULong) As ULong If n <= 0 Then Return 1 End If Dim prod = 1UL For i = 2UL To n prod *= i Next Return prod End Function Sub Main() Console.WriteLine("The four reduced latin squares of order 4 are:") Console.WriteLine() ReducedLatinSquares(4, True) Console.WriteLine("The size of the set of reduced latin squares for the following orders") Console.WriteLine("and hence the total number of latin squares of these orders are:") Console.WriteLine() For n = 1 To 6 Dim nu As ULong = CULng(n) Dim size = ReducedLatinSquares(n, False) Dim f = Factorial(nu - 1UL) f *= f * nu * size Console.WriteLine("Order {0}: Size {1} x {2}! x {3}! => Total {4}", n, size, n, n - 1, f) Next End Sub End Module
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from C# to VB.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; namespace LatinSquares { using matrix = List<List<int>>; class Program { static void Swap<T>(ref T a, ref T b) { var t = a; a = b; b = t; } static matrix DList(int n, int start) { start--; var a = Enumerable.Range(0, n).ToArray(); a[start] = a[0]; a[0] = start; Array.Sort(a, 1, a.Length - 1); var first = a[1]; matrix r = new matrix(); void recurse(int last) { if (last == first) { for (int j = 1; j < a.Length; j++) { var v = a[j]; if (j == v) { return; } } var b = a.Select(v => v + 1).ToArray(); r.Add(b.ToList()); return; } for (int i = last; i >= 1; i--) { Swap(ref a[i], ref a[last]); recurse(last - 1); Swap(ref a[i], ref a[last]); } } recurse(n - 1); return r; } static ulong ReducedLatinSquares(int n, bool echo) { if (n <= 0) { if (echo) { Console.WriteLine("[]\n"); } return 0; } else if (n == 1) { if (echo) { Console.WriteLine("[1]\n"); } return 1; } matrix rlatin = new matrix(); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { rlatin.Add(new List<int>()); for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) { rlatin[i].Add(0); } } for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) { rlatin[0][j] = j + 1; } ulong count = 0; void recurse(int i) { var rows = DList(n, i); for (int r = 0; r < rows.Count; r++) { rlatin[i - 1] = rows[r]; for (int k = 0; k < i - 1; k++) { for (int j = 1; j < n; j++) { if (rlatin[k][j] == rlatin[i - 1][j]) { if (r < rows.Count - 1) { goto outer; } if (i > 2) { return; } } } } if (i < n) { recurse(i + 1); } else { count++; if (echo) { PrintSquare(rlatin, n); } } outer: { } } } recurse(2); return count; } static void PrintSquare(matrix latin, int n) { foreach (var row in latin) { var it = row.GetEnumerator(); Console.Write("["); if (it.MoveNext()) { Console.Write(it.Current); } while (it.MoveNext()) { Console.Write(", {0}", it.Current); } Console.WriteLine("]"); } Console.WriteLine(); } static ulong Factorial(ulong n) { if (n <= 0) { return 1; } ulong prod = 1; for (ulong i = 2; i < n + 1; i++) { prod *= i; } return prod; } static void Main() { Console.WriteLine("The four reduced latin squares of order 4 are:\n"); ReducedLatinSquares(4, true); Console.WriteLine("The size of the set of reduced latin squares for the following orders"); Console.WriteLine("and hence the total number of latin squares of these orders are:\n"); for (int n = 1; n < 7; n++) { ulong nu = (ulong)n; var size = ReducedLatinSquares(n, false); var f = Factorial(nu - 1); f *= f * nu * size; Console.WriteLine("Order {0}: Size {1} x {2}! x {3}! => Total {4}", n, size, n, n - 1, f); } } } }
Option Strict On Imports Matrix = System.Collections.Generic.List(Of System.Collections.Generic.List(Of Integer)) Module Module1 Sub Swap(Of T)(ByRef a As T, ByRef b As T) Dim u = a a = b b = u End Sub Sub PrintSquare(latin As Matrix) For Each row In latin Dim it = row.GetEnumerator Console.Write("[") If it.MoveNext Then Console.Write(it.Current) End If While it.MoveNext Console.Write(", ") Console.Write(it.Current) End While Console.WriteLine("]") Next Console.WriteLine() End Sub Function DList(n As Integer, start As Integer) As Matrix start -= 1 REM use 0 based indexes Dim a = Enumerable.Range(0, n).ToArray a(start) = a(0) a(0) = start Array.Sort(a, 1, a.Length - 1) Dim first = a(1) REM recursive closure permutes a[1:] Dim r As New Matrix Dim Recurse As Action(Of Integer) = Sub(last As Integer) If last = first Then REM bottom of recursion. you get here once for each permutation REM test if permutation is deranged. For j = 1 To a.Length - 1 Dim v = a(j) If j = v Then Return REM no, ignore it End If Next REM yes, save a copy with 1 based indexing Dim b = a.Select(Function(v) v + 1).ToArray r.Add(b.ToList) Return End If For i = last To 1 Step -1 Swap(a(i), a(last)) Recurse(last - 1) Swap(a(i), a(last)) Next End Sub Recurse(n - 1) Return r End Function Function ReducedLatinSquares(n As Integer, echo As Boolean) As ULong If n <= 0 Then If echo Then Console.WriteLine("[]") Console.WriteLine() End If Return 0 End If If n = 1 Then If echo Then Console.WriteLine("[1]") Console.WriteLine() End If Return 1 End If Dim rlatin As New Matrix For i = 0 To n - 1 rlatin.Add(New List(Of Integer)) For j = 0 To n - 1 rlatin(i).Add(0) Next Next REM first row For j = 0 To n - 1 rlatin(0)(j) = j + 1 Next Dim count As ULong = 0 Dim Recurse As Action(Of Integer) = Sub(i As Integer) Dim rows = DList(n, i) For r = 0 To rows.Count - 1 rlatin(i - 1) = rows(r) For k = 0 To i - 2 For j = 1 To n - 1 If rlatin(k)(j) = rlatin(i - 1)(j) Then If r < rows.Count - 1 Then GoTo outer End If If i > 2 Then Return End If End If Next Next If i < n Then Recurse(i + 1) Else count += 1UL If echo Then PrintSquare(rlatin) End If End If outer: While False REM empty End While Next End Sub REM remiain rows Recurse(2) Return count End Function Function Factorial(n As ULong) As ULong If n <= 0 Then Return 1 End If Dim prod = 1UL For i = 2UL To n prod *= i Next Return prod End Function Sub Main() Console.WriteLine("The four reduced latin squares of order 4 are:") Console.WriteLine() ReducedLatinSquares(4, True) Console.WriteLine("The size of the set of reduced latin squares for the following orders") Console.WriteLine("and hence the total number of latin squares of these orders are:") Console.WriteLine() For n = 1 To 6 Dim nu As ULong = CULng(n) Dim size = ReducedLatinSquares(n, False) Dim f = Factorial(nu - 1UL) f *= f * nu * size Console.WriteLine("Order {0}: Size {1} x {2}! x {3}! => Total {4}", n, size, n, n - 1, f) Next End Sub End Module
Convert this C# snippet to VB and keep its semantics consistent.
class Segment { public Segment(PointF p1, PointF p2) { P1 = p1; P2 = p2; } public readonly PointF P1; public readonly PointF P2; public float Length() { return (float)Math.Sqrt(LengthSquared()); } public float LengthSquared() { return (P1.X - P2.X) * (P1.X - P2.X) + (P1.Y - P2.Y) * (P1.Y - P2.Y); } }
Option Explicit Private Type MyPoint X As Single Y As Single End Type Private Type MyPair p1 As MyPoint p2 As MyPoint End Type Sub Main() Dim points() As MyPoint, i As Long, BF As MyPair, d As Single, Nb As Long Dim T# Randomize Timer Nb = 10 Do ReDim points(1 To Nb) For i = 1 To Nb points(i).X = Rnd * Nb points(i).Y = Rnd * Nb Next d = 1000000000000# T = Timer BF = BruteForce(points, d) Debug.Print "For " & Nb & " points, runtime : " & Timer - T & " sec." Debug.Print "point 1 : X:" & BF.p1.X & " Y:" & BF.p1.Y Debug.Print "point 2 : X:" & BF.p2.X & " Y:" & BF.p2.Y Debug.Print "dist : " & d Debug.Print "--------------------------------------------------" Nb = Nb * 10 Loop While Nb <= 10000 End Sub Private Function BruteForce(p() As MyPoint, mindist As Single) As MyPair Dim i As Long, j As Long, d As Single, ClosestPair As MyPair For i = 1 To UBound(p) - 1 For j = i + 1 To UBound(p) d = Dist(p(i), p(j)) If d < mindist Then mindist = d ClosestPair.p1 = p(i) ClosestPair.p2 = p(j) End If Next Next BruteForce = ClosestPair End Function Private Function Dist(p1 As MyPoint, p2 As MyPoint) As Single Dist = Sqr((p1.X - p2.X) ^ 2 + (p1.Y - p2.Y) ^ 2) End Function
Translate the given C# code snippet into VB without altering its behavior.
int i = 5; int* p = &i;
Dim TheAddress as long Dim SecVar as byte Dim MyVar as byte MyVar = 10 TheAddress = varptr(MyVar) MEMSET(TheAddress, 102, SizeOf(byte)) showmessage "MyVar = " + str$(MyVar) MEMCPY(VarPtr(SecVar), TheAddress, SizeOf(byte)) showmessage "SecVar = " + str$(SecVar)
Port the following code from C# to VB with equivalent syntax and logic.
class Animal { } class Dog : Animal { } class Lab : Dog { } class Collie : Dog { } class Cat : Animal { }
Class Animal End Class Class Dog Inherits Animal End Class Class Lab Inherits Dog End Class Class Collie Inherits Dog End Class Class Cat Inherits Animal End Class
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from C# to VB.
System.Collections.HashTable map = new System.Collections.HashTable(); map["key1"] = "foo";
Option Explicit Sub Test() Dim h As Object Set h = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary") h.Add "A", 1 h.Add "B", 2 h.Add "C", 3 Debug.Print h.Item("A") h.Item("C") = 4 h.Key("C") = "D" Debug.Print h.exists("C") h.Remove "B" Debug.Print h.Count h.RemoveAll Debug.Print h.Count End Sub
Translate this program into VB but keep the logic exactly as in C#.
public MainWindow() { InitializeComponent(); RenderOptions.SetBitmapScalingMode(imgMain, BitmapScalingMode.HighQuality); imgMain.Source = new WriteableBitmap(480, 480, 96, 96, PixelFormats.Bgr32, null); DrawHue(100); } void DrawHue(int saturation) { var bmp = (WriteableBitmap)imgMain.Source; int centerX = (int)bmp.Width / 2; int centerY = (int)bmp.Height / 2; int radius = Math.Min(centerX, centerY); int radius2 = radius - 40; bmp.Lock(); unsafe{ var buf = bmp.BackBuffer; IntPtr pixLineStart; for(int y=0; y < bmp.Height; y++){ pixLineStart = buf + bmp.BackBufferStride * y; double dy = (y - centerY); for(int x=0; x < bmp.Width; x++){ double dx = (x - centerX); double dist = Math.Sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy); if (radius2 <= dist && dist <= radius) { double theta = Math.Atan2(dy, dx); double hue = (theta + Math.PI) / (2.0 * Math.PI); *((int*)(pixLineStart + x * 4)) = HSB_to_RGB((int)(hue * 360), saturation, 100); } } } } bmp.AddDirtyRect(new Int32Rect(0, 0, 480, 480)); bmp.Unlock(); } static int HSB_to_RGB(int h, int s, int v) { var rgb = new int[3]; var baseColor = (h + 60) % 360 / 120; var shift = (h + 60) % 360 - (120 * baseColor + 60 ); var secondaryColor = (baseColor + (shift >= 0 ? 1 : -1) + 3) % 3; rgb[baseColor] = 255; rgb[secondaryColor] = (int) ((Math.Abs(shift) / 60.0f) * 255.0f); for (var i = 0; i < 3; i++) rgb[i] += (int) ((255 - rgb[i]) * ((100 - s) / 100.0f)); for (var i = 0; i < 3; i++) rgb[i] -= (int) (rgb[i] * (100-v) / 100.0f); return RGB2int(rgb[0], rgb[1], rgb[2]); } public static int RGB2int(int r, int g, int b) => r << 16 | g << 8 | b;
Option explicit Class ImgClass Private ImgL,ImgH,ImgDepth,bkclr,loc,tt private xmini,xmaxi,ymini,ymaxi,dirx,diry public ImgArray() private filename private Palette,szpal public property get xmin():xmin=xmini:end property public property get ymin():ymin=ymini:end property public property get xmax():xmax=xmaxi:end property public property get ymax():ymax=ymaxi:end property public property let depth(x) if x<>8 and x<>32 then err.raise 9 Imgdepth=x end property public sub set0 (x0,y0) if x0<0 or x0>=imgl or y0<0 or y0>imgh then err.raise 9 xmini=-x0 ymini=-y0 xmaxi=xmini+imgl-1 ymaxi=ymini+imgh-1 end sub Public Default Function Init(name,w,h,orient,dep,bkg,mipal) dim i,j ImgL=w ImgH=h tt=timer loc=getlocale set0 0,0 redim imgArray(ImgL-1,ImgH-1) bkclr=bkg if bkg<>0 then for i=0 to ImgL-1 for j=0 to ImgH-1 imgarray(i,j)=bkg next next end if Select Case orient Case 1: dirx=1 : diry=1 Case 2: dirx=-1 : diry=1 Case 3: dirx=-1 : diry=-1 Case 4: dirx=1 : diry=-1 End select filename=name ImgDepth =dep if imgdepth=8 then loadpal(mipal) end if set init=me end function private sub loadpal(mipale) if isarray(mipale) Then palette=mipale szpal=UBound(mipale)+1 Else szpal=256 , not relevant End if End Sub Private Sub Class_Terminate if err<>0 then wscript.echo "Error " & err.number wscript.echo "copying image to bmp file" savebmp wscript.echo "opening " & filename & " with your default bmp viewer" CreateObject("Shell.Application").ShellExecute filename wscript.echo timer-tt & " iseconds" End Sub function long2wstr( x) dim k1,k2,x1 k1= (x and &hffff&) k2=((X And &h7fffffff&) \ &h10000&) Or (&H8000& And (x<0)) long2wstr=chrw(k1) & chrw(k2) end function function int2wstr(x) int2wstr=ChrW((x and &h7fff) or (&H8000 And (X<0))) End Function Public Sub SaveBMP Dim s,ostream, x,y,loc const hdrs=54 dim bms:bms=ImgH* 4*(((ImgL*imgdepth\8)+3)\4) dim palsize:if (imgdepth=8) then palsize=szpal*4 else palsize=0 with CreateObject("ADODB.Stream") .Charset = "UTF-16LE" .Type = 2 .open .writetext ChrW(&h4d42) .writetext long2wstr(hdrs+palsize+bms) .writetext long2wstr(0) .writetext long2wstr (hdrs+palsize) .writetext long2wstr(40) .writetext long2wstr(Imgl) .writetext long2wstr(imgh) .writetext int2wstr(1) .writetext int2wstr(imgdepth) .writetext long2wstr(&H0) .writetext long2wstr(bms) .writetext long2wstr(&Hc4e) .writetext long2wstr(&hc43) .writetext long2wstr(szpal) .writetext long2wstr(&H0) Dim x1,x2,y1,y2 If dirx=-1 Then x1=ImgL-1 :x2=0 Else x1=0:x2=ImgL-1 If diry=-1 Then y1=ImgH-1 :y2=0 Else y1=0:y2=ImgH-1 Select Case imgdepth Case 32 For y=y1 To y2 step diry For x=x1 To x2 Step dirx .writetext long2wstr(Imgarray(x,y)) Next Next Case 8 For x=0 to szpal-1 .writetext long2wstr(palette(x)) Next dim pad:pad=ImgL mod 4 For y=y1 to y2 step diry For x=x1 To x2 step dirx*2 .writetext chrw((ImgArray(x,y) and 255)+ &h100& *(ImgArray(x+dirx,y) and 255)) Next if pad and 1 then .writetext chrw(ImgArray(x2,y)) if pad >1 then .writetext chrw(0) Next Case Else WScript.Echo "ColorDepth not supported : " & ImgDepth & " bits" End Select Dim outf:Set outf= CreateObject("ADODB.Stream") outf.Type = 1 outf.Open .position=2 .CopyTo outf .close outf.savetofile filename,2 outf.close end with End Sub end class function hsv2rgb( Hue, Sat, Value) dim Angle, Radius,Ur,Vr,Wr,Rdim dim r,g,b, rgb Angle = (Hue-150) *0.01745329251994329576923690768489 Ur = Value * 2.55 Radius = Ur * tan(Sat *0.01183199) Vr = Radius * cos(Angle) *0.70710678 Wr = Radius * sin(Angle) *0.40824829 r = (Ur - Vr - Wr) g = (Ur + Vr - Wr) b = (Ur + Wr + Wr) if r >255 then Rdim = (Ur - 255) / (Vr + Wr) r = 255 g = Ur + (Vr - Wr) * Rdim b = Ur + 2 * Wr * Rdim elseif r < 0 then Rdim = Ur / (Vr + Wr) r = 0 g = Ur + (Vr - Wr) * Rdim b = Ur + 2 * Wr * Rdim end if if g >255 then Rdim = (255 - Ur) / (Vr - Wr) r = Ur - (Vr + Wr) * Rdim g = 255 b = Ur + 2 * Wr * Rdim elseif g<0 then Rdim = -Ur / (Vr - Wr) r = Ur - (Vr + Wr) * Rdim g = 0 b = Ur + 2 * Wr * Rdim end if if b>255 then Rdim = (255 - Ur) / (Wr + Wr) r = Ur - (Vr + Wr) * Rdim g = Ur + (Vr - Wr) * Rdim b = 255 elseif b<0 then Rdim = -Ur / (Wr + Wr) r = Ur - (Vr + Wr) * Rdim g = Ur + (Vr - Wr) * Rdim b = 0 end If hsv2rgb= ((b and &hff)+256*((g and &hff)+256*(r and &hff))and &hffffff) end function function ang(col,row) if col =0 then if row<0 then ang=90 else ang=270 end if else if col>0 then ang=atn(-row/col)*57.2957795130 else ang=(atn(row/-col)*57.2957795130)+180 end if end if ang=(ang+360) mod 360 end function Dim X,row,col,fn,tt,hr,sat,row2 const h=160 const w=160 const rad=159 const r2=25500 tt=timer fn=CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetSpecialFolder(2)& "\testwchr.bmp" Set X = (New ImgClass)(fn,w*2,h*2,1,32,0,0) x.set0 w,h for row=x.xmin+1 to x.xmax row2=row*row hr=int(Sqr(r2-row2)) For col=hr To 159 Dim a:a=((col\16 +row\16) And 1)* &hffffff x.imgArray(col+160,row+160)=a x.imgArray(-col+160,row+160)=a next for col=-hr to hr sat=100-sqr(row2+col*col)/rad *50 x.imgArray(col+160,row+160)=hsv2rgb(ang(row,col)+90,100,sat) next next Set X = Nothing
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in VB.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using static System.Console; using UI = System.UInt64; using LST = System.Collections.Generic.List<System.Collections.Generic.List<sbyte>>; using Lst = System.Collections.Generic.List<sbyte>; using DT = System.DateTime; class Program { const sbyte MxD = 19; public struct term { public UI coeff; public sbyte a, b; public term(UI c, int a_, int b_) { coeff = c; a = (sbyte)a_; b = (sbyte)b_; } } static int[] digs; static List<UI> res; static sbyte count = 0; static DT st; static List<List<term>> tLst; static List<LST> lists; static Dictionary<int, LST> fml, dmd; static Lst dl, zl, el, ol, il; static bool odd; static int nd, nd2; static LST ixs; static int[] cnd, di; static LST dis; static UI Dif; static UI ToDif() { UI r = 0; for (int i = 0; i < digs.Length; i++) r = r * 10 + (uint)digs[i]; return r; } static UI ToSum() { UI r = 0; for (int i = digs.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--) r = r * 10 + (uint)digs[i]; return Dif + (r << 1); } static bool IsSquare(UI nmbr) { if ((0x202021202030213 & (1 << (int)(nmbr & 63))) != 0) { UI r = (UI)Math.Sqrt((double)nmbr); return r * r == nmbr; } return false; } static Lst Seq(sbyte from, int to, sbyte stp = 1) { Lst res = new Lst(); for (sbyte item = from; item <= to; item += stp) res.Add(item); return res; } static void Fnpr(int lev) { if (lev == dis.Count) { digs[ixs[0][0]] = fml[cnd[0]][di[0]][0]; digs[ixs[0][1]] = fml[cnd[0]][di[0]][1]; int le = di.Length, i = 1; if (odd) digs[nd >> 1] = di[--le]; foreach (sbyte d in di.Skip(1).Take(le - 1)) { digs[ixs[i][0]] = dmd[cnd[i]][d][0]; digs[ixs[i][1]] = dmd[cnd[i++]][d][1]; } if (!IsSquare(ToSum())) return; res.Add(ToDif()); WriteLine("{0,16:n0}{1,4} ({2:n0})", (DT.Now - st).TotalMilliseconds, ++count, res.Last()); } else foreach (var n in dis[lev]) { di[lev] = n; Fnpr(lev + 1); } } static void Fnmr (LST list, int lev) { if (lev == list.Count) { Dif = 0; sbyte i = 0; foreach (var t in tLst[nd2]) { if (cnd[i] < 0) Dif -= t.coeff * (UI)(-cnd[i++]); else Dif += t.coeff * (UI)cnd[i++]; } if (Dif <= 0 || !IsSquare(Dif)) return; dis = new LST { Seq(0, fml[cnd[0]].Count - 1) }; foreach (int ii in cnd.Skip(1)) dis.Add(Seq(0, dmd[ii].Count - 1)); if (odd) dis.Add(il); di = new int[dis.Count]; Fnpr(0); } else foreach(sbyte n in list[lev]) { cnd[lev] = n; Fnmr(list, lev + 1); } } static void init() { UI pow = 1; tLst = new List<List<term>>(); foreach (int r in Seq(2, MxD)) { List<term> terms = new List<term>(); pow *= 10; UI p1 = pow, p2 = 1; for (int i1 = 0, i2 = r - 1; i1 < i2; i1++, i2--) { terms.Add(new term(p1 - p2, i1, i2)); p1 /= 10; p2 *= 10; } tLst.Add(terms); } fml = new Dictionary<int, LST> { [0] = new LST { new Lst { 2, 2 }, new Lst { 8, 8 } }, [1] = new LST { new Lst { 6, 5 }, new Lst { 8, 7 } }, [4] = new LST { new Lst { 4, 0 } }, [6] = new LST { new Lst { 6, 0 }, new Lst { 8, 2 } } }; dmd = new Dictionary<int, LST>(); for (sbyte i = 0; i < 10; i++) for (sbyte j = 0, d = i; j < 10; j++, d--) { if (dmd.ContainsKey(d)) dmd[d].Add(new Lst { i, j }); else dmd[d] = new LST { new Lst { i, j } }; } dl = Seq(-9, 9); zl = Seq( 0, 0); el = Seq(-8, 8, 2); ol = Seq(-9, 9, 2); il = Seq( 0, 9); lists = new List<LST>(); foreach (sbyte f in fml.Keys) lists.Add(new LST { new Lst { f } }); } static void Main(string[] args) { init(); res = new List<UI>(); st = DT.Now; count = 0; WriteLine("{0,5}{1,12}{2,4}{3,14}", "digs", "elapsed(ms)", "R/N", "Unordered Rare Numbers"); for (nd = 2, nd2 = 0, odd = false; nd <= MxD; nd++, nd2++, odd = !odd) { digs = new int[nd]; if (nd == 4) { lists[0].Add(zl); lists[1].Add(ol); lists[2].Add(el); lists[3].Add(ol); } else if (tLst[nd2].Count > lists[0].Count) foreach (LST list in lists) list.Add(dl); ixs = new LST(); foreach (term t in tLst[nd2]) ixs.Add(new Lst { t.a, t.b }); foreach (LST list in lists) { cnd = new int[list.Count]; Fnmr(list, 0); } WriteLine(" {0,2} {1,10:n0}", nd, (DT.Now - st).TotalMilliseconds); } res.Sort(); WriteLine("\nThe {0} rare numbers with up to {1} digits are:", res.Count, MxD); count = 0; foreach (var rare in res) WriteLine("{0,2}:{1,27:n0}", ++count, rare); if (System.Diagnostics.Debugger.IsAttached) ReadKey(); } }
Imports System.Console Imports DT = System.DateTime Imports Lsb = System.Collections.Generic.List(Of SByte) Imports Lst = System.Collections.Generic.List(Of System.Collections.Generic.List(Of SByte)) Imports UI = System.UInt64 Module Module1 Const MxD As SByte = 15 Public Structure term Public coeff As UI : Public a, b As SByte Public Sub New(ByVal c As UI, ByVal a_ As Integer, ByVal b_ As Integer) coeff = c : a = CSByte(a_) : b = CSByte(b_) End Sub End Structure Dim nd, nd2, count As Integer, digs, cnd, di As Integer() Dim res As List(Of UI), st As DT, tLst As List(Of List(Of term)) Dim lists As List(Of Lst), fml, dmd As Dictionary(Of Integer, Lst) Dim dl, zl, el, ol, il As Lsb, odd As Boolean, ixs, dis As Lst, Dif As UI Function ToDif() As UI Dim r As UI = 0 : For i As Integer = 0 To digs.Length - 1 : r = r * 10 + digs(i) Next : Return r End Function Function ToSum() As UI Dim r As UI = 0 : For i As Integer = digs.Length - 1 To 0 Step -1 : r = r * 10 + digs(i) Next : Return Dif + (r << 1) End Function Function IsSquare(nmbr As UI) As Boolean If (&H202021202030213 And (1UL << (nmbr And 63))) <> 0 Then _ Dim r As UI = Math.Sqrt(nmbr) : Return r * r = nmbr Else Return False End Function Function Seq(from As SByte, upto As Integer, Optional stp As SByte = 1) As Lsb Dim res As Lsb = New Lsb() For item As SByte = from To upto Step stp : res.Add(item) : Next : Return res End Function Sub Fnpr(ByVal lev As Integer) If lev = dis.Count Then digs(ixs(0)(0)) = fml(cnd(0))(di(0))(0) : digs(ixs(0)(1)) = fml(cnd(0))(di(0))(1) Dim le As Integer = di.Length, i As Integer = 1 If odd Then le -= 1 : digs(nd >> 1) = di(le) For Each d As SByte In di.Skip(1).Take(le - 1) digs(ixs(i)(0)) = dmd(cnd(i))(d)(0) digs(ixs(i)(1)) = dmd(cnd(i))(d)(1) : i += 1 : Next If Not IsSquare(ToSum()) Then Return res.Add(ToDif()) : count += 1 WriteLine("{0,16:n0}{1,4} ({2:n0})", (DT.Now - st).TotalMilliseconds, count, res.Last()) Else For Each n In dis(lev) : di(lev) = n : Fnpr(lev + 1) : Next End If End Sub Sub Fnmr(ByVal list As Lst, ByVal lev As Integer) If lev = list.Count Then Dif = 0 : Dim i As SByte = 0 : For Each t In tLst(nd2) If cnd(i) < 0 Then Dif -= t.coeff * CULng(-cnd(i)) _ Else Dif += t.coeff * CULng(cnd(i)) i += 1 : Next If Dif <= 0 OrElse Not IsSquare(Dif) Then Return dis = New Lst From {Seq(0, fml(cnd(0)).Count - 1)} For Each i In cnd.Skip(1) : dis.Add(Seq(0, dmd(i).Count - 1)) : Next If odd Then dis.Add(il) di = New Integer(dis.Count - 1) {} : Fnpr(0) Else For Each n As SByte In list(lev) : cnd(lev) = n : Fnmr(list, lev + 1) : Next End If End Sub Sub init() Dim pow As UI = 1 tLst = New List(Of List(Of term))() : For Each r As Integer In Seq(2, MxD) Dim terms As List(Of term) = New List(Of term)() pow *= 10 : Dim p1 As UI = pow, p2 As UI = 1 Dim i1 As Integer = 0, i2 As Integer = r - 1 While i1 < i2 : terms.Add(New term(p1 - p2, i1, i2)) p1 = p1 / 10 : p2 = p2 * 10 : i1 += 1 : i2 -= 1 : End While tLst.Add(terms) : Next fml = New Dictionary(Of Integer, Lst)() From { {0, New Lst() From {New Lsb() From {2, 2}, New Lsb() From {8, 8}}}, {1, New Lst() From {New Lsb() From {6, 5}, New Lsb() From {8, 7}}}, {4, New Lst() From {New Lsb() From {4, 0}}}, {6, New Lst() From {New Lsb() From {6, 0}, New Lsb() From {8, 2}}}} dmd = New Dictionary(Of Integer, Lst)() For i As SByte = 0 To 10 - 1 : Dim j As SByte = 0, d As SByte = i While j < 10 : If dmd.ContainsKey(d) Then dmd(d).Add(New Lsb From {i, j}) _ Else dmd(d) = New Lst From {New Lsb From {i, j}} j += 1 : d -= 1 : End While : Next dl = Seq(-9, 9) zl = Seq(0, 0) el = Seq(-8, 8, 2) ol = Seq(-9, 9, 2) il = Seq(0, 9) lists = New List(Of Lst)() For Each f As SByte In fml.Keys : lists.Add(New Lst From {New Lsb From {f}}) : Next End Sub Sub Main(ByVal args As String()) init() : res = New List(Of UI)() : st = DT.Now : count = 0 WriteLine("{0,5}{1,12}{2,4}{3,14}", "digs", "elapsed(ms)", "R/N", "Rare Numbers") nd = 2 : nd2 = 0 : odd = False : While nd <= MxD digs = New Integer(nd - 1) {} : If nd = 4 Then lists(0).Add(zl) : lists(1).Add(ol) : lists(2).Add(el) : lists(3).Add(ol) ElseIf tLst(nd2).Count > lists(0).Count Then For Each list As Lst In lists : list.Add(dl) : Next : End If ixs = New Lst() : For Each t As term In tLst(nd2) : ixs.Add(New Lsb From {t.a, t.b}) : Next For Each list As Lst In lists : cnd = New Integer(list.Count - 1) {} : Fnmr(list, 0) : Next WriteLine(" {0,2} {1,10:n0}", nd, (DT.Now - st).TotalMilliseconds) nd += 1 : nd2 += 1 : odd = Not odd : End While res.Sort() : WriteLine(vbLf & "The {0} rare numbers with up to {1} digits are:", res.Count, MxD) count = 0 : For Each rare In res : count += 1 : WriteLine("{0,2}:{1,27:n0}", count, rare) : Next If System.Diagnostics.Debugger.IsAttached Then ReadKey() End Sub End Module
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in VB.
using System; using System.Drawing; using System.Windows.Forms; class MineFieldModel { public int RemainingMinesCount{ get{ var count = 0; ForEachCell((i,j)=>{ if (Mines[i,j] && !Marked[i,j]) count++; }); return count; } } public bool[,] Mines{get; private set;} public bool[,] Opened{get;private set;} public bool[,] Marked{get; private set;} public int[,] Values{get;private set; } public int Width{ get{return Mines.GetLength(1);} } public int Height{ get{return Mines.GetLength(0);} } public MineFieldModel(bool[,] mines) { this.Mines = mines; this.Opened = new bool[Height, Width]; this.Marked = new bool[Height, Width]; this.Values = CalculateValues(); } private int[,] CalculateValues() { int[,] values = new int[Height, Width]; ForEachCell((i,j) =>{ var value = 0; ForEachNeighbor(i,j, (i1,j1)=>{ if (Mines[i1,j1]) value++; }); values[i,j] = value; }); return values; } public void ForEachCell(Action<int,int> action) { for (var i = 0; i < Height; i++) for (var j = 0; j < Width; j++) action(i,j); } public void ForEachNeighbor(int i, int j, Action<int,int> action) { for (var i1 = i-1; i1 <= i+1; i1++) for (var j1 = j-1; j1 <= j+1; j1++) if (InBounds(j1, i1) && !(i1==i && j1 ==j)) action(i1, j1); } private bool InBounds(int x, int y) { return y >= 0 && y < Height && x >=0 && x < Width; } public event Action Exploded = delegate{}; public event Action Win = delegate{}; public event Action Updated = delegate{}; public void OpenCell(int i, int j){ if(!Opened[i,j]){ if (Mines[i,j]) Exploded(); else{ OpenCellsStartingFrom(i,j); Updated(); CheckForVictory(); } } } void OpenCellsStartingFrom(int i, int j) { Opened[i,j] = true; ForEachNeighbor(i,j, (i1,j1)=>{ if (!Mines[i1,j1] && !Opened[i1,j1] && !Marked[i1,j1]) OpenCellsStartingFrom(i1, j1); }); } void CheckForVictory(){ int notMarked = 0; int wrongMarked = 0; ForEachCell((i,j)=>{ if (Mines[i,j] && !Marked[i,j]) notMarked++; if (!Mines[i,j] && Marked[i,j]) wrongMarked++; }); if (notMarked == 0 && wrongMarked == 0) Win(); } public void Mark(int i, int j){ if (!Opened[i,j]) Marked[i,j] = true; Updated(); CheckForVictory(); } } class MineFieldView: UserControl{ public const int CellSize = 40; MineFieldModel _model; public MineFieldModel Model{ get{ return _model; } set { _model = value; this.Size = new Size(_model.Width * CellSize+1, _model.Height * CellSize+2); } } public MineFieldView(){ this.SetStyle(ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint | ControlStyles.UserPaint | ControlStyles.DoubleBuffer,true); this.Font = new Font(FontFamily.GenericSansSerif, 14, FontStyle.Bold); this.MouseUp += (o,e)=>{ Point cellCoords = GetCell(e.Location); if (Model != null) { if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Left) Model.OpenCell(cellCoords.Y, cellCoords.X); else if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Right) Model.Mark(cellCoords.Y, cellCoords.X); } }; } Point GetCell(Point coords) { var rgn = ClientRectangle; var x = (coords.X - rgn.X)/CellSize; var y = (coords.Y - rgn.Y)/CellSize; return new Point(x,y); } static readonly Brush MarkBrush = new SolidBrush(Color.Blue); static readonly Brush ValueBrush = new SolidBrush(Color.Black); static readonly Brush UnexploredBrush = new SolidBrush(SystemColors.Control); static readonly Brush OpenBrush = new SolidBrush(SystemColors.ControlDark); protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e) { base.OnPaint(e); var g = e.Graphics; if (Model != null) { Model.ForEachCell((i,j)=> { var bounds = new Rectangle(j * CellSize, i * CellSize, CellSize, CellSize); if (Model.Opened[i,j]) { g.FillRectangle(OpenBrush, bounds); if (Model.Values[i,j] > 0) { DrawStringInCenter(g, Model.Values[i,j].ToString(), ValueBrush, bounds); } } else { g.FillRectangle(UnexploredBrush, bounds); if (Model.Marked[i,j]) { DrawStringInCenter(g, "?", MarkBrush, bounds); } var outlineOffset = 1; var outline = new Rectangle(bounds.X+outlineOffset, bounds.Y+outlineOffset, bounds.Width-2*outlineOffset, bounds.Height-2*outlineOffset); g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Gray, outline); } g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black, bounds); }); } } static readonly StringFormat FormatCenter = new StringFormat { LineAlignment = StringAlignment.Center, Alignment=StringAlignment.Center }; void DrawStringInCenter(Graphics g, string s, Brush brush, Rectangle bounds) { PointF center = new PointF(bounds.X + bounds.Width/2, bounds.Y + bounds.Height/2); g.DrawString(s, this.Font, brush, center, FormatCenter); } } class MineSweepForm: Form { MineFieldModel CreateField(int width, int height) { var field = new bool[height, width]; int mineCount = (int)(0.2 * height * width); var rnd = new Random(); while(mineCount > 0) { var x = rnd.Next(width); var y = rnd.Next(height); if (!field[y,x]) { field[y,x] = true; mineCount--; } } return new MineFieldModel(field); } public MineSweepForm() { var model = CreateField(6, 4); var counter = new Label{ }; counter.Text = model.RemainingMinesCount.ToString(); var view = new MineFieldView { Model = model, BorderStyle = BorderStyle.FixedSingle, }; var stackPanel = new FlowLayoutPanel { Dock = DockStyle.Fill, FlowDirection = FlowDirection.TopDown, Controls = {counter, view} }; this.Controls.Add(stackPanel); model.Updated += delegate{ view.Invalidate(); counter.Text = model.RemainingMinesCount.ToString(); }; model.Exploded += delegate { MessageBox.Show("FAIL!"); Close(); }; model.Win += delegate { MessageBox.Show("WIN!"); view.Enabled = false; }; } } class Program { static void Main() { Application.Run(new MineSweepForm()); } }
Option Explicit Public vTime As Single Public PlaysCount As Long Sub Main_MineSweeper() Dim Userf As New cMinesweeper Userf.Show 0, True End Sub
Write the same code in VB as shown below in C#.
using System; using static System.Math; using static System.Console; using BI = System.Numerics.BigInteger; class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { BI i, j, k, d; i = 2; int n = -1; int n0 = -1; j = (BI)Floor(Sqrt((double)i)); k = j; d = j; DateTime st = DateTime.Now; if (args.Length > 0) int.TryParse(args[0], out n); if (n > 0) n0 = n; else n = 1; do { Write(d); i = (i - k * d) * 100; k = 20 * j; for (d = 1; d <= 10; d++) if ((k + d) * d > i) { d -= 1; break; } j = j * 10 + d; k += d; if (n0 > 0) n--; } while (n > 0); if (n0 > 0) WriteLine("\nTime taken for {0} digits: {1}", n0, DateTime.Now - st); } }
Imports System.Math, System.Console, BI = System.Numerics.BigInteger Module Module1 Sub Main(ByVal args As String()) Dim i, j, k, d As BI : i = 2 j = CType(Floor(Sqrt(CDbl(i))), BI) : k = j : d = j Dim n As Integer = -1, n0 As Integer = -1, st As DateTime = DateTime.Now If args.Length > 0 Then Integer.TryParse(args(0), n) If n > 0 Then n0 = n Else n = 1 Do Write(d) : i = (i - k * d) * 100 : k = 20 * j For d = 1 To 10 If (k + d) * d > i Then d -= 1 : Exit For Next j = j * 10 + d : k += d : If n0 > 0 Then n = n - 1 Loop While n > 0 If n0 > 0 Then WriteLine (VbLf & "Time taken for {0} digits: {1}", n0, DateTime.Now - st) End Sub End Module
Write a version of this C# function in VB with identical behavior.
using System; using static System.Math; using static System.Console; using BI = System.Numerics.BigInteger; class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { BI i, j, k, d; i = 2; int n = -1; int n0 = -1; j = (BI)Floor(Sqrt((double)i)); k = j; d = j; DateTime st = DateTime.Now; if (args.Length > 0) int.TryParse(args[0], out n); if (n > 0) n0 = n; else n = 1; do { Write(d); i = (i - k * d) * 100; k = 20 * j; for (d = 1; d <= 10; d++) if ((k + d) * d > i) { d -= 1; break; } j = j * 10 + d; k += d; if (n0 > 0) n--; } while (n > 0); if (n0 > 0) WriteLine("\nTime taken for {0} digits: {1}", n0, DateTime.Now - st); } }
Imports System.Math, System.Console, BI = System.Numerics.BigInteger Module Module1 Sub Main(ByVal args As String()) Dim i, j, k, d As BI : i = 2 j = CType(Floor(Sqrt(CDbl(i))), BI) : k = j : d = j Dim n As Integer = -1, n0 As Integer = -1, st As DateTime = DateTime.Now If args.Length > 0 Then Integer.TryParse(args(0), n) If n > 0 Then n0 = n Else n = 1 Do Write(d) : i = (i - k * d) * 100 : k = 20 * j For d = 1 To 10 If (k + d) * d > i Then d -= 1 : Exit For Next j = j * 10 + d : k += d : If n0 > 0 Then n = n - 1 Loop While n > 0 If n0 > 0 Then WriteLine (VbLf & "Time taken for {0} digits: {1}", n0, DateTime.Now - st) End Sub End Module
Change the programming language of this snippet from C# to VB without modifying what it does.
using System.Linq; using System.Collections.Generic; using static System.Console; using static System.Math; class Program { static int ba; static string chars = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"; static string from10(int b) { string res = ""; int re; while (b > 0) { b = DivRem(b, ba, out re); res = chars[(byte)re] + res; } return res; } static int to10(string s) { int res = 0; foreach (char i in s) res = res * ba + chars.IndexOf(i); return res; } static bool nd(string s) { if (s.Length < 2) return true; char l = s[0]; for (int i = 1; i < s.Length; i++) if (chars.IndexOf(l) > chars.IndexOf(s[i])) return false; else l = s[i] ; return true; } static void Main(string[] args) { int c, lim = 1000; string s; foreach (var b in new List<int>{ 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 16, 17, 27, 31, 62 }) { ba = b; c = 0; foreach (var a in PG.Primes(lim)) if (nd(s = from10(a))) Write("{0,4} {1}", s, ++c % 20 == 0 ? "\n" : ""); WriteLine("\nBase {0}: found {1} non-decreasing primes under {2:n0}\n", b, c, from10(lim)); } } } class PG { public static IEnumerable<int> Primes(int lim) { var flags = new bool[lim + 1]; int j; yield return 2; for (j = 4; j <= lim; j += 2) flags[j] = true; j = 3; for (int d = 8, sq = 9; sq <= lim; j += 2, sq += d += 8) if (!flags[j]) { yield return j; for (int k = sq, i = j << 1; k <= lim; k += i) flags[k] = true; } for (; j <= lim; j += 2) if (!flags[j]) yield return j; } }
Imports System.Linq Imports System.Collections.Generic Imports System.Console Imports System.Math Module Module1 Dim ba As Integer Dim chars As String = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" Iterator Function Primes(ByVal lim As Integer) As IEnumerable(Of Integer) Dim flags(lim) As Boolean, j As Integer : Yield 2 For j = 4 To lim Step 2 : flags(j) = True : Next : j = 3 Dim d As Integer = 8, sq As Integer = 9 While sq <= lim If Not flags(j) Then Yield j : Dim i As Integer = j << 1 For k As Integer = sq To lim step i : flags(k) = True : Next End If j += 2 : d += 8 : sq += d : End While While j <= lim If Not flags(j) Then Yield j j += 2 : End While End Function Function from10(ByVal b As Integer) As String Dim res As String = "", re As Integer While b > 0 : b = DivRem(b, ba, re) : res = chars(CByte(re)) & res : End While : Return res End Function Function to10(ByVal s As String) As Integer Dim res As Integer = 0 For Each i As Char In s : res = res * ba + chars.IndexOf(i) : Next : Return res End Function Function nd(ByVal s As String) As Boolean If s.Length < 2 Then Return True Dim l As Char = s(0) For i As Integer = 1 To s.Length - 1 If chars.IndexOf(l) > chars.IndexOf(s(i)) Then Return False Else l = s(i) Next : Return True End Function Sub Main(ByVal args As String()) Dim c As Integer, lim As Integer = 1000, s As String For Each b As Integer In New List(Of Integer) From { 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 16, 17, 27, 31, 62 } ba = b : c = 0 : For Each a As Integer In Primes(lim) s = from10(a) : If nd(s) Then c += 1 : Write("{0,4} {1}", s, If(c Mod 20 = 0, vbLf, "")) Next WriteLine(vbLf & "Base {0}: found {1} non-decreasing primes under {2:n0}" & vbLf, b, c, from10(lim)) Next End Sub End Module
Please provide an equivalent version of this C# code in VB.
using System.Linq; using System.Collections.Generic; using static System.Console; using static System.Math; class Program { static int ba; static string chars = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"; static string from10(int b) { string res = ""; int re; while (b > 0) { b = DivRem(b, ba, out re); res = chars[(byte)re] + res; } return res; } static int to10(string s) { int res = 0; foreach (char i in s) res = res * ba + chars.IndexOf(i); return res; } static bool nd(string s) { if (s.Length < 2) return true; char l = s[0]; for (int i = 1; i < s.Length; i++) if (chars.IndexOf(l) > chars.IndexOf(s[i])) return false; else l = s[i] ; return true; } static void Main(string[] args) { int c, lim = 1000; string s; foreach (var b in new List<int>{ 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 16, 17, 27, 31, 62 }) { ba = b; c = 0; foreach (var a in PG.Primes(lim)) if (nd(s = from10(a))) Write("{0,4} {1}", s, ++c % 20 == 0 ? "\n" : ""); WriteLine("\nBase {0}: found {1} non-decreasing primes under {2:n0}\n", b, c, from10(lim)); } } } class PG { public static IEnumerable<int> Primes(int lim) { var flags = new bool[lim + 1]; int j; yield return 2; for (j = 4; j <= lim; j += 2) flags[j] = true; j = 3; for (int d = 8, sq = 9; sq <= lim; j += 2, sq += d += 8) if (!flags[j]) { yield return j; for (int k = sq, i = j << 1; k <= lim; k += i) flags[k] = true; } for (; j <= lim; j += 2) if (!flags[j]) yield return j; } }
Imports System.Linq Imports System.Collections.Generic Imports System.Console Imports System.Math Module Module1 Dim ba As Integer Dim chars As String = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" Iterator Function Primes(ByVal lim As Integer) As IEnumerable(Of Integer) Dim flags(lim) As Boolean, j As Integer : Yield 2 For j = 4 To lim Step 2 : flags(j) = True : Next : j = 3 Dim d As Integer = 8, sq As Integer = 9 While sq <= lim If Not flags(j) Then Yield j : Dim i As Integer = j << 1 For k As Integer = sq To lim step i : flags(k) = True : Next End If j += 2 : d += 8 : sq += d : End While While j <= lim If Not flags(j) Then Yield j j += 2 : End While End Function Function from10(ByVal b As Integer) As String Dim res As String = "", re As Integer While b > 0 : b = DivRem(b, ba, re) : res = chars(CByte(re)) & res : End While : Return res End Function Function to10(ByVal s As String) As Integer Dim res As Integer = 0 For Each i As Char In s : res = res * ba + chars.IndexOf(i) : Next : Return res End Function Function nd(ByVal s As String) As Boolean If s.Length < 2 Then Return True Dim l As Char = s(0) For i As Integer = 1 To s.Length - 1 If chars.IndexOf(l) > chars.IndexOf(s(i)) Then Return False Else l = s(i) Next : Return True End Function Sub Main(ByVal args As String()) Dim c As Integer, lim As Integer = 1000, s As String For Each b As Integer In New List(Of Integer) From { 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 16, 17, 27, 31, 62 } ba = b : c = 0 : For Each a As Integer In Primes(lim) s = from10(a) : If nd(s) Then c += 1 : Write("{0,4} {1}", s, If(c Mod 20 = 0, vbLf, "")) Next WriteLine(vbLf & "Base {0}: found {1} non-decreasing primes under {2:n0}" & vbLf, b, c, from10(lim)) Next End Sub End Module
Produce a language-to-language conversion: from C# to VB, same semantics.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Reflection; public static class Reflection { public static void Main() { var t = new TestClass(); var flags = BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance; foreach (var prop in GetPropertyValues(t, flags)) { Console.WriteLine(prop); } foreach (var field in GetFieldValues(t, flags)) { Console.WriteLine(field); } } public static IEnumerable<(string name, object value)> GetPropertyValues<T>(T obj, BindingFlags flags) => from p in typeof(T).GetProperties(flags) where p.GetIndexParameters().Length == 0 select (p.Name, p.GetValue(obj, null)); public static IEnumerable<(string name, object value)> GetFieldValues<T>(T obj, BindingFlags flags) => typeof(T).GetFields(flags).Select(f => (f.Name, f.GetValue(obj))); class TestClass { private int privateField = 7; public int PublicNumber { get; } = 4; private int PrivateNumber { get; } = 2; } }
Imports System.Reflection Module Module1 Class TestClass Private privateField = 7 Public ReadOnly Property PublicNumber = 4 Private ReadOnly Property PrivateNumber = 2 End Class Function GetPropertyValues(Of T)(obj As T, flags As BindingFlags) As IEnumerable Return From p In obj.GetType().GetProperties(flags) Where p.GetIndexParameters().Length = 0 Select New With {p.Name, Key .Value = p.GetValue(obj, Nothing)} End Function Function GetFieldValues(Of T)(obj As T, flags As BindingFlags) As IEnumerable Return obj.GetType().GetFields(flags).Select(Function(f) New With {f.Name, Key .Value = f.GetValue(obj)}) End Function Sub Main() Dim t As New TestClass() Dim flags = BindingFlags.Public Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Instance For Each prop In GetPropertyValues(t, flags) Console.WriteLine(prop) Next For Each field In GetFieldValues(t, flags) Console.WriteLine(field) Next End Sub End Module
Rewrite the snippet below in VB so it works the same as the original C# code.
using System; class ColumnAlignerProgram { delegate string Justification(string s, int width); static string[] AlignColumns(string[] lines, Justification justification) { const char Separator = '$'; string[][] table = new string[lines.Length][]; int columns = 0; for (int i = 0; i < lines.Length; i++) { string[] row = lines[i].TrimEnd(Separator).Split(Separator); if (columns < row.Length) columns = row.Length; table[i] = row; } string[][] formattedTable = new string[table.Length][]; for (int i = 0; i < formattedTable.Length; i++) { formattedTable[i] = new string[columns]; } for (int j = 0; j < columns; j++) { int columnWidth = 0; for (int i = 0; i < table.Length; i++) { if (j < table[i].Length && columnWidth < table[i][j].Length) columnWidth = table[i][j].Length; } for (int i = 0; i < formattedTable.Length; i++) { if (j < table[i].Length) formattedTable[i][j] = justification(table[i][j], columnWidth); else formattedTable[i][j] = new String(' ', columnWidth); } } string[] result = new string[formattedTable.Length]; for (int i = 0; i < result.Length; i++) { result[i] = String.Join(" ", formattedTable[i]); } return result; } static string JustifyLeft(string s, int width) { return s.PadRight(width); } static string JustifyRight(string s, int width) { return s.PadLeft(width); } static string JustifyCenter(string s, int width) { return s.PadLeft((width + s.Length) / 2).PadRight(width); } static void Main() { string[] input = { "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$", "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program", "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$", "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.", "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$", "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.", }; foreach (string line in AlignColumns(input, JustifyCenter)) { Console.WriteLine(line); } } }
Dim MText as QMemorystream MText.WriteLine "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$" MText.WriteLine "are$delineated$by$a$single$ MText.WriteLine "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$" MText.WriteLine "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space." MText.WriteLine "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$" MText.WriteLine "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column." DefStr TextLeft, TextRight, TextCenter DefStr MLine, LWord, Newline = chr$(13)+chr$(10) DefInt ColWidth(100), ColCount DefSng NrSpaces MText.position = 0 for x = 0 to MText.linecount -1 MLine = MText.ReadLine for y = 0 to Tally(MLine, "$") LWord = Field$(MLine, "$", y+1) ColWidth(y) = iif (ColWidth(y) < len(LWord), len(LWord), ColWidth(y)) next next MText.position = 0 for x = 0 to MText.linecount -1 MLine = MText.ReadLine for y = 0 to Tally(MLine, "$") LWord = Field$(MLine, "$", y+1) NrSpaces = ColWidth(y) - len(LWord) TextLeft = TextLeft + LWord + Space$(NrSpaces+1) TextRight = TextRight + Space$(NrSpaces+1) + LWord TextCenter = TextCenter + Space$(floor((NrSpaces)/2)+1) + LWord + Space$(Ceil((NrSpaces)/2)) next TextLeft = TextLeft + Newline TextRight = TextRight + Newline TextCenter = TextCenter + Newline next
Translate the given C# code snippet into VB without altering its behavior.
using System; class ColumnAlignerProgram { delegate string Justification(string s, int width); static string[] AlignColumns(string[] lines, Justification justification) { const char Separator = '$'; string[][] table = new string[lines.Length][]; int columns = 0; for (int i = 0; i < lines.Length; i++) { string[] row = lines[i].TrimEnd(Separator).Split(Separator); if (columns < row.Length) columns = row.Length; table[i] = row; } string[][] formattedTable = new string[table.Length][]; for (int i = 0; i < formattedTable.Length; i++) { formattedTable[i] = new string[columns]; } for (int j = 0; j < columns; j++) { int columnWidth = 0; for (int i = 0; i < table.Length; i++) { if (j < table[i].Length && columnWidth < table[i][j].Length) columnWidth = table[i][j].Length; } for (int i = 0; i < formattedTable.Length; i++) { if (j < table[i].Length) formattedTable[i][j] = justification(table[i][j], columnWidth); else formattedTable[i][j] = new String(' ', columnWidth); } } string[] result = new string[formattedTable.Length]; for (int i = 0; i < result.Length; i++) { result[i] = String.Join(" ", formattedTable[i]); } return result; } static string JustifyLeft(string s, int width) { return s.PadRight(width); } static string JustifyRight(string s, int width) { return s.PadLeft(width); } static string JustifyCenter(string s, int width) { return s.PadLeft((width + s.Length) / 2).PadRight(width); } static void Main() { string[] input = { "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$", "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program", "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$", "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.", "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$", "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.", }; foreach (string line in AlignColumns(input, JustifyCenter)) { Console.WriteLine(line); } } }
Dim MText as QMemorystream MText.WriteLine "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$" MText.WriteLine "are$delineated$by$a$single$ MText.WriteLine "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$" MText.WriteLine "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space." MText.WriteLine "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$" MText.WriteLine "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column." DefStr TextLeft, TextRight, TextCenter DefStr MLine, LWord, Newline = chr$(13)+chr$(10) DefInt ColWidth(100), ColCount DefSng NrSpaces MText.position = 0 for x = 0 to MText.linecount -1 MLine = MText.ReadLine for y = 0 to Tally(MLine, "$") LWord = Field$(MLine, "$", y+1) ColWidth(y) = iif (ColWidth(y) < len(LWord), len(LWord), ColWidth(y)) next next MText.position = 0 for x = 0 to MText.linecount -1 MLine = MText.ReadLine for y = 0 to Tally(MLine, "$") LWord = Field$(MLine, "$", y+1) NrSpaces = ColWidth(y) - len(LWord) TextLeft = TextLeft + LWord + Space$(NrSpaces+1) TextRight = TextRight + Space$(NrSpaces+1) + LWord TextCenter = TextCenter + Space$(floor((NrSpaces)/2)+1) + LWord + Space$(Ceil((NrSpaces)/2)) next TextLeft = TextLeft + Newline TextRight = TextRight + Newline TextCenter = TextCenter + Newline next
Generate an equivalent VB version of this C# code.
using System; namespace RosettaUrlParse { class Program { static void ParseUrl(string url) { var u = new Uri(url); Console.WriteLine("URL: {0}", u.AbsoluteUri); Console.WriteLine("Scheme: {0}", u.Scheme); Console.WriteLine("Host: {0}", u.DnsSafeHost); Console.WriteLine("Port: {0}", u.Port); Console.WriteLine("Path: {0}", u.LocalPath); Console.WriteLine("Query: {0}", u.Query); Console.WriteLine("Fragment: {0}", u.Fragment); Console.WriteLine(); } static void Main(string[] args) { ParseUrl("foo: ParseUrl("urn:example:animal:ferret:nose"); ParseUrl("jdbc:mysql: ParseUrl("ftp: ParseUrl("http: ParseUrl("ldap: ParseUrl("mailto:John.Doe@example.com"); ParseUrl("news:comp.infosystems.www.servers.unix"); ParseUrl("tel:+1-816-555-1212"); ParseUrl("telnet: ParseUrl("urn:oasis:names:specification:docbook:dtd:xml:4.1.2"); } } }
Function parse_url(url) parse_url = "URL: " & url If InStr(url,"//") Then scheme = Split(url,"//") parse_url = parse_url & vbcrlf & "Scheme: " & Mid(scheme(0),1,Len(scheme(0))-1) domain = Split(scheme(1),"/") If InStr(domain(0),"@") Then cred = Split(domain(0),"@") If InStr(cred(0),".") Then username = Mid(cred(0),1,InStr(1,cred(0),".")-1) password = Mid(cred(0),InStr(1,cred(0),".")+1,Len(cred(0))-InStr(1,cred(0),".")) ElseIf InStr(cred(0),":") Then username = Mid(cred(0),1,InStr(1,cred(0),":")-1) password = Mid(cred(0),InStr(1,cred(0),":")+1,Len(cred(0))-InStr(1,cred(0),":")) End If parse_url = parse_url & vbcrlf & "Username: " & username & vbCrLf &_ "Password: " & password If InStr(cred(1),":") Then host = Mid(cred(1),1,InStr(1,cred(1),":")-1) port = Mid(cred(1),InStr(1,cred(1),":")+1,Len(cred(1))-InStr(1,cred(1),":")) parse_url = parse_url & vbCrLf & "Domain: " & host & vbCrLf & "Port: " & port Else parse_url = parse_url & vbCrLf & "Domain: " & cred(1) End If ElseIf InStr(domain(0),":") And Instr(domain(0),"[") = False And Instr(domain(0),"]") = False Then host = Mid(domain(0),1,InStr(1,domain(0),":")-1) port = Mid(domain(0),InStr(1,domain(0),":")+1,Len(domain(0))-InStr(1,domain(0),":")) parse_url = parse_url & vbCrLf & "Domain: " & host & vbCrLf & "Port: " & port ElseIf Instr(domain(0),"[") And Instr(domain(0),"]:") Then host = Mid(domain(0),1,InStr(1,domain(0),"]")) port = Mid(domain(0),InStr(1,domain(0),"]")+2,Len(domain(0))-(InStr(1,domain(0),"]")+1)) parse_url = parse_url & vbCrLf & "Domain: " & host & vbCrLf & "Port: " & port Else parse_url = parse_url & vbCrLf & "Domain: " & domain(0) End If If UBound(domain) > 0 Then For i = 1 To UBound(domain) If i < UBound(domain) Then path = path & domain(i) & "/" ElseIf InStr(domain(i),"?") Then path = path & Mid(domain(i),1,InStr(1,domain(i),"?")-1) If InStr(domain(i),"#") Then query = Mid(domain(i),InStr(1,domain(i),"?")+1,InStr(1,domain(i),"#")-InStr(1,domain(i),"?")-1) fragment = Mid(domain(i),InStr(1,domain(i),"#")+1,Len(domain(i))-InStr(1,domain(i),"#")) path = path & vbcrlf & "Query: " & query & vbCrLf & "Fragment: " & fragment Else query = Mid(domain(i),InStr(1,domain(i),"?")+1,Len(domain(i))-InStr(1,domain(i),"?")) path = path & vbcrlf & "Query: " & query End If ElseIf InStr(domain(i),"#") Then fragment = Mid(domain(i),InStr(1,domain(i),"#")+1,Len(domain(i))-InStr(1,domain(i),"#")) path = path & Mid(domain(i),1,InStr(1,domain(i),"#")-1) & vbCrLf &_ "Fragment: " & fragment Else path = path & domain(i) End If Next parse_url = parse_url & vbCrLf & "Path: " & path End If ElseIf InStr(url,":") Then scheme = Mid(url,1,InStr(1,url,":")-1) path = Mid(url,InStr(1,url,":")+1,Len(url)-InStr(1,url,":")) parse_url = parse_url & vbcrlf & "Scheme: " & scheme & vbCrLf & "Path: " & path Else parse_url = parse_url & vbcrlf & "Invalid!!!" End If End Function WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("foo://example.com:8042/over/there?name=ferret#nose") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("jdbc:mysql://test_user:ouupppssss@localhost:3306/sakila?profileSQL=true") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("ftp://ftp.is.co.za/rfc/rfc1808.txt") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt#header1") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("ldap://[2001:db8::7]/c=GB?objectClass=one&objectClass=two") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("mailto:John.Doe@example.com") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("news:comp.infosystems.www.servers.unix") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("tel:+1-816-555-1212") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("telnet://192.0.2.16:80/") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("urn:oasis:names:specification:docbook:dtd:xml:4.1.2") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("this code is messy, long, and needs a makeover!!!")
Transform the following C# implementation into VB, maintaining the same output and logic.
using System; namespace RosettaUrlParse { class Program { static void ParseUrl(string url) { var u = new Uri(url); Console.WriteLine("URL: {0}", u.AbsoluteUri); Console.WriteLine("Scheme: {0}", u.Scheme); Console.WriteLine("Host: {0}", u.DnsSafeHost); Console.WriteLine("Port: {0}", u.Port); Console.WriteLine("Path: {0}", u.LocalPath); Console.WriteLine("Query: {0}", u.Query); Console.WriteLine("Fragment: {0}", u.Fragment); Console.WriteLine(); } static void Main(string[] args) { ParseUrl("foo: ParseUrl("urn:example:animal:ferret:nose"); ParseUrl("jdbc:mysql: ParseUrl("ftp: ParseUrl("http: ParseUrl("ldap: ParseUrl("mailto:John.Doe@example.com"); ParseUrl("news:comp.infosystems.www.servers.unix"); ParseUrl("tel:+1-816-555-1212"); ParseUrl("telnet: ParseUrl("urn:oasis:names:specification:docbook:dtd:xml:4.1.2"); } } }
Function parse_url(url) parse_url = "URL: " & url If InStr(url,"//") Then scheme = Split(url,"//") parse_url = parse_url & vbcrlf & "Scheme: " & Mid(scheme(0),1,Len(scheme(0))-1) domain = Split(scheme(1),"/") If InStr(domain(0),"@") Then cred = Split(domain(0),"@") If InStr(cred(0),".") Then username = Mid(cred(0),1,InStr(1,cred(0),".")-1) password = Mid(cred(0),InStr(1,cred(0),".")+1,Len(cred(0))-InStr(1,cred(0),".")) ElseIf InStr(cred(0),":") Then username = Mid(cred(0),1,InStr(1,cred(0),":")-1) password = Mid(cred(0),InStr(1,cred(0),":")+1,Len(cred(0))-InStr(1,cred(0),":")) End If parse_url = parse_url & vbcrlf & "Username: " & username & vbCrLf &_ "Password: " & password If InStr(cred(1),":") Then host = Mid(cred(1),1,InStr(1,cred(1),":")-1) port = Mid(cred(1),InStr(1,cred(1),":")+1,Len(cred(1))-InStr(1,cred(1),":")) parse_url = parse_url & vbCrLf & "Domain: " & host & vbCrLf & "Port: " & port Else parse_url = parse_url & vbCrLf & "Domain: " & cred(1) End If ElseIf InStr(domain(0),":") And Instr(domain(0),"[") = False And Instr(domain(0),"]") = False Then host = Mid(domain(0),1,InStr(1,domain(0),":")-1) port = Mid(domain(0),InStr(1,domain(0),":")+1,Len(domain(0))-InStr(1,domain(0),":")) parse_url = parse_url & vbCrLf & "Domain: " & host & vbCrLf & "Port: " & port ElseIf Instr(domain(0),"[") And Instr(domain(0),"]:") Then host = Mid(domain(0),1,InStr(1,domain(0),"]")) port = Mid(domain(0),InStr(1,domain(0),"]")+2,Len(domain(0))-(InStr(1,domain(0),"]")+1)) parse_url = parse_url & vbCrLf & "Domain: " & host & vbCrLf & "Port: " & port Else parse_url = parse_url & vbCrLf & "Domain: " & domain(0) End If If UBound(domain) > 0 Then For i = 1 To UBound(domain) If i < UBound(domain) Then path = path & domain(i) & "/" ElseIf InStr(domain(i),"?") Then path = path & Mid(domain(i),1,InStr(1,domain(i),"?")-1) If InStr(domain(i),"#") Then query = Mid(domain(i),InStr(1,domain(i),"?")+1,InStr(1,domain(i),"#")-InStr(1,domain(i),"?")-1) fragment = Mid(domain(i),InStr(1,domain(i),"#")+1,Len(domain(i))-InStr(1,domain(i),"#")) path = path & vbcrlf & "Query: " & query & vbCrLf & "Fragment: " & fragment Else query = Mid(domain(i),InStr(1,domain(i),"?")+1,Len(domain(i))-InStr(1,domain(i),"?")) path = path & vbcrlf & "Query: " & query End If ElseIf InStr(domain(i),"#") Then fragment = Mid(domain(i),InStr(1,domain(i),"#")+1,Len(domain(i))-InStr(1,domain(i),"#")) path = path & Mid(domain(i),1,InStr(1,domain(i),"#")-1) & vbCrLf &_ "Fragment: " & fragment Else path = path & domain(i) End If Next parse_url = parse_url & vbCrLf & "Path: " & path End If ElseIf InStr(url,":") Then scheme = Mid(url,1,InStr(1,url,":")-1) path = Mid(url,InStr(1,url,":")+1,Len(url)-InStr(1,url,":")) parse_url = parse_url & vbcrlf & "Scheme: " & scheme & vbCrLf & "Path: " & path Else parse_url = parse_url & vbcrlf & "Invalid!!!" End If End Function WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("foo://example.com:8042/over/there?name=ferret#nose") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("jdbc:mysql://test_user:ouupppssss@localhost:3306/sakila?profileSQL=true") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("ftp://ftp.is.co.za/rfc/rfc1808.txt") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt#header1") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("ldap://[2001:db8::7]/c=GB?objectClass=one&objectClass=two") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("mailto:John.Doe@example.com") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("news:comp.infosystems.www.servers.unix") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("tel:+1-816-555-1212") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("telnet://192.0.2.16:80/") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("urn:oasis:names:specification:docbook:dtd:xml:4.1.2") WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "-------------------------------" WScript.StdOut.WriteLine parse_url("this code is messy, long, and needs a makeover!!!")
Ensure the translated VB code behaves exactly like the original C# snippet.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Numerics; using System.Text; namespace Base58CheckEncoding { class Program { const string ALPHABET = "123456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz"; static BigInteger ToBigInteger(string value, int @base) { const string HEX = "0123456789ABCDEF"; if (@base < 1 || @base > HEX.Length) { throw new ArgumentException("Base is out of range."); } BigInteger bi = BigInteger.Zero; foreach (char c in value) { char c2 = Char.ToUpper(c); int idx = HEX.IndexOf(c2); if (idx == -1 || idx >= @base) { throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("Illegal character encountered."); } bi = bi * @base + idx; } return bi; } static string ConvertToBase58(string hash, int @base = 16) { BigInteger x; if (@base == 16 && hash.Substring(0, 2) == "0x") { x = ToBigInteger(hash.Substring(2), @base); } else { x = ToBigInteger(hash, @base); } StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); while (x > 0) { BigInteger r = x % 58; sb.Append(ALPHABET[(int)r]); x = x / 58; } char[] ca = sb.ToString().ToCharArray(); Array.Reverse(ca); return new string(ca); } static void Main(string[] args) { string s = "25420294593250030202636073700053352635053786165627414518"; string b = ConvertToBase58(s, 10); Console.WriteLine("{0} -> {1}", s, b); List<string> hashes = new List<string>() { "0x61", "0x626262", "0x636363", "0x73696d706c792061206c6f6e6720737472696e67", "0x516b6fcd0f", "0xbf4f89001e670274dd", "0x572e4794", "0xecac89cad93923c02321", "0x10c8511e", }; foreach (string hash in hashes) { string b58 = ConvertToBase58(hash); Console.WriteLine("{0,-56} -> {1}", hash, b58); } } } }
Imports System.Numerics Imports System.Text Module Module1 ReadOnly ALPHABET As String = "123456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz" ReadOnly HEX As String = "0123456789ABCDEF" Function ToBigInteger(value As String, base As Integer) As BigInteger If base < 1 OrElse base > HEX.Length Then Throw New ArgumentException("Base is out of range.") End If Dim bi = BigInteger.Zero For Each c In value Dim c2 = Char.ToUpper(c) Dim idx = HEX.IndexOf(c2) If idx = -1 OrElse idx >= base Then Throw New ArgumentException("Illegal character encountered.") End If bi = bi * base + idx Next Return bi End Function Function ConvertToBase58(hash As String, Optional base As Integer = 16) As String Dim x As BigInteger If base = 16 AndAlso hash.Substring(0, 2) = "0x" Then x = ToBigInteger(hash.Substring(2), base) Else x = ToBigInteger(hash, base) End If Dim sb As New StringBuilder While x > 0 Dim r = x Mod 58 sb.Append(ALPHABET(r)) x = x / 58 End While Dim ca = sb.ToString().ToCharArray() Array.Reverse(ca) Return New String(ca) End Function Sub Main() Dim s = "25420294593250030202636073700053352635053786165627414518" Dim b = ConvertToBase58(s, 10) Console.WriteLine("{0} -> {1}", s, b) Dim hashes = {"0x61", "0x626262", "0x636363", "0x73696d706c792061206c6f6e6720737472696e67", "0x516b6fcd0f", "0xbf4f89001e670274dd", "0x572e4794", "0xecac89cad93923c02321", "0x10c8511e"} For Each hash In hashes Dim b58 = ConvertToBase58(hash) Console.WriteLine("{0,-56} -> {1}", hash, b58) Next End Sub End Module
Can you help me rewrite this code in VB instead of C#, keeping it the same logically?
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Numerics; using System.Text; namespace Base58CheckEncoding { class Program { const string ALPHABET = "123456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz"; static BigInteger ToBigInteger(string value, int @base) { const string HEX = "0123456789ABCDEF"; if (@base < 1 || @base > HEX.Length) { throw new ArgumentException("Base is out of range."); } BigInteger bi = BigInteger.Zero; foreach (char c in value) { char c2 = Char.ToUpper(c); int idx = HEX.IndexOf(c2); if (idx == -1 || idx >= @base) { throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("Illegal character encountered."); } bi = bi * @base + idx; } return bi; } static string ConvertToBase58(string hash, int @base = 16) { BigInteger x; if (@base == 16 && hash.Substring(0, 2) == "0x") { x = ToBigInteger(hash.Substring(2), @base); } else { x = ToBigInteger(hash, @base); } StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); while (x > 0) { BigInteger r = x % 58; sb.Append(ALPHABET[(int)r]); x = x / 58; } char[] ca = sb.ToString().ToCharArray(); Array.Reverse(ca); return new string(ca); } static void Main(string[] args) { string s = "25420294593250030202636073700053352635053786165627414518"; string b = ConvertToBase58(s, 10); Console.WriteLine("{0} -> {1}", s, b); List<string> hashes = new List<string>() { "0x61", "0x626262", "0x636363", "0x73696d706c792061206c6f6e6720737472696e67", "0x516b6fcd0f", "0xbf4f89001e670274dd", "0x572e4794", "0xecac89cad93923c02321", "0x10c8511e", }; foreach (string hash in hashes) { string b58 = ConvertToBase58(hash); Console.WriteLine("{0,-56} -> {1}", hash, b58); } } } }
Imports System.Numerics Imports System.Text Module Module1 ReadOnly ALPHABET As String = "123456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz" ReadOnly HEX As String = "0123456789ABCDEF" Function ToBigInteger(value As String, base As Integer) As BigInteger If base < 1 OrElse base > HEX.Length Then Throw New ArgumentException("Base is out of range.") End If Dim bi = BigInteger.Zero For Each c In value Dim c2 = Char.ToUpper(c) Dim idx = HEX.IndexOf(c2) If idx = -1 OrElse idx >= base Then Throw New ArgumentException("Illegal character encountered.") End If bi = bi * base + idx Next Return bi End Function Function ConvertToBase58(hash As String, Optional base As Integer = 16) As String Dim x As BigInteger If base = 16 AndAlso hash.Substring(0, 2) = "0x" Then x = ToBigInteger(hash.Substring(2), base) Else x = ToBigInteger(hash, base) End If Dim sb As New StringBuilder While x > 0 Dim r = x Mod 58 sb.Append(ALPHABET(r)) x = x / 58 End While Dim ca = sb.ToString().ToCharArray() Array.Reverse(ca) Return New String(ca) End Function Sub Main() Dim s = "25420294593250030202636073700053352635053786165627414518" Dim b = ConvertToBase58(s, 10) Console.WriteLine("{0} -> {1}", s, b) Dim hashes = {"0x61", "0x626262", "0x636363", "0x73696d706c792061206c6f6e6720737472696e67", "0x516b6fcd0f", "0xbf4f89001e670274dd", "0x572e4794", "0xecac89cad93923c02321", "0x10c8511e"} For Each hash In hashes Dim b58 = ConvertToBase58(hash) Console.WriteLine("{0,-56} -> {1}", hash, b58) Next End Sub End Module
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in VB.
using System; using System.IO; using System.Security.Cryptography; namespace DES { class Program { static string ByteArrayToString(byte[] ba) { return BitConverter.ToString(ba).Replace("-", ""); } static byte[] Encrypt(byte[] messageBytes, byte[] passwordBytes) { byte[] iv = new byte[] { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }; DESCryptoServiceProvider provider = new DESCryptoServiceProvider(); ICryptoTransform transform = provider.CreateEncryptor(passwordBytes, iv); CryptoStreamMode mode = CryptoStreamMode.Write; MemoryStream memStream = new MemoryStream(); CryptoStream cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(memStream, transform, mode); cryptoStream.Write(messageBytes, 0, messageBytes.Length); cryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock(); byte[] encryptedMessageBytes = new byte[memStream.Length]; memStream.Position = 0; memStream.Read(encryptedMessageBytes, 0, encryptedMessageBytes.Length); return encryptedMessageBytes; } static byte[] Decrypt(byte[] encryptedMessageBytes, byte[] passwordBytes) { byte[] iv = new byte[] { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }; DESCryptoServiceProvider provider = new DESCryptoServiceProvider(); ICryptoTransform transform = provider.CreateDecryptor(passwordBytes, iv); CryptoStreamMode mode = CryptoStreamMode.Write; MemoryStream memStream = new MemoryStream(); CryptoStream cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(memStream, transform, mode); cryptoStream.Write(encryptedMessageBytes, 0, encryptedMessageBytes.Length); cryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock(); byte[] decryptedMessageBytes = new byte[memStream.Length]; memStream.Position = 0; memStream.Read(decryptedMessageBytes, 0, decryptedMessageBytes.Length); return decryptedMessageBytes; } static void Main(string[] args) { byte[] keyBytes = new byte[] { 0x0e, 0x32, 0x92, 0x32, 0xea, 0x6d, 0x0d, 0x73 }; byte[] plainBytes = new byte[] { 0x87, 0x87, 0x87, 0x87, 0x87, 0x87, 0x87, 0x87 }; byte[] encStr = Encrypt(plainBytes, keyBytes); Console.WriteLine("Encoded: {0}", ByteArrayToString(encStr)); byte[] decBytes = Decrypt(encStr, keyBytes); Console.WriteLine("Decoded: {0}", ByteArrayToString(decBytes)); } } }
Imports System.IO Imports System.Security.Cryptography Module Module1 Function ByteArrayToString(ba As Byte()) As String Return BitConverter.ToString(ba).Replace("-", "") End Function Function Encrypt(messageBytes As Byte(), passwordBytes As Byte()) As Byte() Dim iv As Byte() = {&H0, &H0, &H0, &H0, &H0, &H0, &H0, &H0} Dim provider As New DESCryptoServiceProvider Dim transform = provider.CreateEncryptor(passwordBytes, iv) Dim mode = CryptoStreamMode.Write Dim memStream As New MemoryStream Dim cryptoStream As New CryptoStream(memStream, transform, mode) cryptoStream.Write(messageBytes, 0, messageBytes.Length) cryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock() Dim encryptedMessageBytes(memStream.Length - 1) As Byte memStream.Position = 0 memStream.Read(encryptedMessageBytes, 0, encryptedMessageBytes.Length) Return encryptedMessageBytes End Function Function Decrypt(encryptedMessageBytes As Byte(), passwordBytes As Byte()) As Byte() Dim iv As Byte() = {&H0, &H0, &H0, &H0, &H0, &H0, &H0, &H0} Dim provider As New DESCryptoServiceProvider Dim transform = provider.CreateDecryptor(passwordBytes, iv) Dim mode = CryptoStreamMode.Write Dim memStream As New MemoryStream Dim cryptoStream As New CryptoStream(memStream, transform, mode) cryptoStream.Write(encryptedMessageBytes, 0, encryptedMessageBytes.Length) cryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock() Dim decryptedMessageBytes(memStream.Length - 1) As Byte memStream.Position = 0 memStream.Read(decryptedMessageBytes, 0, decryptedMessageBytes.Length) Return decryptedMessageBytes End Function Sub Main() Dim keyBytes As Byte() = {&HE, &H32, &H92, &H32, &HEA, &H6D, &HD, &H73} Dim plainBytes As Byte() = {&H87, &H87, &H87, &H87, &H87, &H87, &H87, &H87} Dim encStr = Encrypt(plainBytes, keyBytes) Console.WriteLine("Encoded: {0}", ByteArrayToString(encStr)) Dim decStr = Decrypt(encStr, keyBytes) Console.WriteLine("Decoded: {0}", ByteArrayToString(decStr)) End Sub End Module
Produce a language-to-language conversion: from C# to VB, same semantics.
static string[] inputs = { "pi=3.14159265358979323846264338327950288419716939937510582097494459231", "The author has two Z$100000000000000 Zimbabwe notes (100 trillion).", "\"-in Aus$+1411.8millions\"", "===US$0017440 millions=== (in 2000 dollars)" }; void Main() { inputs.Select(s => Commatize(s, 0, 3, ",")) .ToList() .ForEach(Console.WriteLine); } string Commatize(string text, int startPosition, int interval, string separator) { var matches = Regex.Matches(text.Substring(startPosition), "[0-9]*"); var x = matches.Cast<Match>().Select(match => Commatize(match, interval, separator, text)).ToList(); return string.Join("", x); } string Commatize(Match match, int interval, string separator, string original) { if (match.Length <= interval) return original.Substring(match.Index, match.Index == original.Length ? 0 : Math.Max(match.Length, 1)); return string.Join(separator, match.Value.Split(interval)); } public static class Extension { public static string[] Split(this string source, int interval) { return SplitImpl(source, interval).ToArray(); } static IEnumerable<string>SplitImpl(string source, int interval) { for (int i = 1; i < source.Length; i++) { if (i % interval != 0) continue; yield return source.Substring(i - interval, interval); } } }
Public Sub commatize(s As String, Optional sep As String = ",", Optional start As Integer = 1, Optional step As Integer = 3) Dim l As Integer: l = Len(s) For i = start To l If Asc(Mid(s, i, 1)) >= Asc("1") And Asc(Mid(s, i, 1)) <= Asc("9") Then For j = i + 1 To l + 1 If j > l Then For k = j - 1 - step To i Step -step s = Mid(s, 1, k) & sep & Mid(s, k + 1, l - k + 1) l = Len(s) Next k Exit For Else If (Asc(Mid(s, j, 1)) < Asc("0") Or Asc(Mid(s, j, 1)) > Asc("9")) Then For k = j - 1 - step To i Step -step s = Mid(s, 1, k) & sep & Mid(s, k + 1, l - k + 1) l = Len(s) Next k Exit For End If End If Next j Exit For End If Next i Debug.Print s End Sub Public Sub main() commatize "pi=3.14159265358979323846264338327950288419716939937510582097494459231", " ", 6, 5 commatize "The author has two Z$100000000000000 Zimbabwe notes (100 trillion).", "." commatize """-in Aus$+1411.8millions""" commatize "===US$0017440 millions=== (in 2000 dollars)" commatize "123.e8000 is pretty big." commatize "The land area of the earth is 57268900(29% of the surface) square miles." commatize "Ain commatize "James was never known as 0000000007" commatize "Arthur Eddington wrote: I believe there are 15747724136275002577605653961181555468044717914527116709366231425076185631031296 protons in the universe." commatize " $-140000±100 millions." commatize "6/9/1946 was a good year for some." End Sub
Please provide an equivalent version of this C# code in VB.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Numerics; using System.Text; namespace AruthmeticCoding { using Freq = Dictionary<char, long>; using Triple = Tuple<BigInteger, int, Dictionary<char, long>>; class Program { static Freq CumulativeFreq(Freq freq) { long total = 0; Freq cf = new Freq(); for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) { char c = (char)i; if (freq.ContainsKey(c)) { long v = freq[c]; cf[c] = total; total += v; } } return cf; } static Triple ArithmeticCoding(string str, long radix) { Freq freq = new Freq(); foreach (char c in str) { if (freq.ContainsKey(c)) { freq[c] += 1; } else { freq[c] = 1; } } Freq cf = CumulativeFreq(freq); BigInteger @base = str.Length; BigInteger lower = 0; BigInteger pf = 1; foreach (char c in str) { BigInteger x = cf[c]; lower = lower * @base + x * pf; pf = pf * freq[c]; } BigInteger upper = lower + pf; int powr = 0; BigInteger bigRadix = radix; while (true) { pf = pf / bigRadix; if (pf == 0) break; powr++; } BigInteger diff = (upper - 1) / (BigInteger.Pow(bigRadix, powr)); return new Triple(diff, powr, freq); } static string ArithmeticDecoding(BigInteger num, long radix, int pwr, Freq freq) { BigInteger powr = radix; BigInteger enc = num * BigInteger.Pow(powr, pwr); long @base = freq.Values.Sum(); Freq cf = CumulativeFreq(freq); Dictionary<long, char> dict = new Dictionary<long, char>(); foreach (char key in cf.Keys) { long value = cf[key]; dict[value] = key; } long lchar = -1; for (long i = 0; i < @base; i++) { if (dict.ContainsKey(i)) { lchar = dict[i]; } else if (lchar != -1) { dict[i] = (char)lchar; } } StringBuilder decoded = new StringBuilder((int)@base); BigInteger bigBase = @base; for (long i = @base - 1; i >= 0; --i) { BigInteger pow = BigInteger.Pow(bigBase, (int)i); BigInteger div = enc / pow; char c = dict[(long)div]; BigInteger fv = freq[c]; BigInteger cv = cf[c]; BigInteger diff = enc - pow * cv; enc = diff / fv; decoded.Append(c); } return decoded.ToString(); } static void Main(string[] args) { long radix = 10; string[] strings = { "DABDDB", "DABDDBBDDBA", "ABRACADABRA", "TOBEORNOTTOBEORTOBEORNOT" }; foreach (string str in strings) { Triple encoded = ArithmeticCoding(str, radix); string dec = ArithmeticDecoding(encoded.Item1, radix, encoded.Item2, encoded.Item3); Console.WriteLine("{0,-25}=> {1,19} * {2}^{3}", str, encoded.Item1, radix, encoded.Item2); if (str != dec) { throw new Exception("\tHowever that is incorrect!"); } } } } }
Imports System.Numerics Imports System.Text Imports Freq = System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary(Of Char, Long) Imports Triple = System.Tuple(Of System.Numerics.BigInteger, Integer, System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary(Of Char, Long)) Module Module1 Function CumulativeFreq(freq As Freq) As Freq Dim total As Long = 0 Dim cf As New Freq For i = 0 To 255 Dim c = Chr(i) If freq.ContainsKey(c) Then Dim v = freq(c) cf(c) = total total += v End If Next Return cf End Function Function ArithmeticCoding(str As String, radix As Long) As Triple Dim freq As New Freq For Each c In str If freq.ContainsKey(c) Then freq(c) += 1 Else freq(c) = 1 End If Next Dim cf = CumulativeFreq(freq) Dim base As BigInteger = str.Length Dim lower As BigInteger = 0 Dim pf As BigInteger = 1 For Each c In str Dim x = cf(c) lower = lower * base + x * pf pf = pf * freq(c) Next Dim upper = lower + pf Dim powr = 0 Dim bigRadix As BigInteger = radix While True pf = pf / bigRadix If pf = 0 Then Exit While End If powr = powr + 1 End While Dim diff = (upper - 1) / (BigInteger.Pow(bigRadix, powr)) Return New Triple(diff, powr, freq) End Function Function ArithmeticDecoding(num As BigInteger, radix As Long, pwr As Integer, freq As Freq) As String Dim powr As BigInteger = radix Dim enc = num * BigInteger.Pow(powr, pwr) Dim base = freq.Values.Sum() Dim cf = CumulativeFreq(freq) Dim dict As New Dictionary(Of Long, Char) For Each key In cf.Keys Dim value = cf(key) dict(value) = key Next Dim lchar As Long = -1 For i As Long = 0 To base - 1 If dict.ContainsKey(i) Then lchar = AscW(dict(i)) Else dict(i) = ChrW(lchar) End If Next Dim decoded As New StringBuilder Dim bigBase As BigInteger = base For i As Long = base - 1 To 0 Step -1 Dim pow = BigInteger.Pow(bigBase, i) Dim div = enc / pow Dim c = dict(div) Dim fv = freq(c) Dim cv = cf(c) Dim diff = enc - pow * cv enc = diff / fv decoded.Append(c) Next Return decoded.ToString() End Function Sub Main() Dim radix As Long = 10 Dim strings = {"DABDDB", "DABDDBBDDBA", "ABRACADABRA", "TOBEORNOTTOBEORTOBEORNOT"} For Each St In strings Dim encoded = ArithmeticCoding(St, radix) Dim dec = ArithmeticDecoding(encoded.Item1, radix, encoded.Item2, encoded.Item3) Console.WriteLine("{0,-25}=> {1,19} * {2}^{3}", St, encoded.Item1, radix, encoded.Item2) If St <> dec Then Throw New Exception(vbTab + "However that is incorrect!") End If Next End Sub End Module
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from C# to VB.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; class Node { public enum Colors { Black, White, Gray } public Colors color { get; set; } public int N { get; } public Node(int n) { N = n; color = Colors.White; } } class Graph { public HashSet<Node> V { get; } public Dictionary<Node, HashSet<Node>> Adj { get; } public void Kosaraju() { var L = new HashSet<Node>(); Action<Node> Visit = null; Visit = (u) => { if (u.color == Node.Colors.White) { u.color = Node.Colors.Gray; foreach (var v in Adj[u]) Visit(v); L.Add(u); } }; Action<Node, Node> Assign = null; Assign = (u, root) => { if (u.color != Node.Colors.Black) { if (u == root) Console.Write("SCC: "); Console.Write(u.N + " "); u.color = Node.Colors.Black; foreach (var v in Adj[u]) Assign(v, root); if (u == root) Console.WriteLine(); } }; foreach (var u in V) Visit(u); foreach (var u in L) Assign(u, u); } }
Module Module1 Function Kosaraju(g As List(Of List(Of Integer))) As List(Of Integer) Dim size = g.Count Dim vis(size - 1) As Boolean Dim l(size - 1) As Integer Dim x = size Dim t As New List(Of List(Of Integer)) For i = 1 To size t.Add(New List(Of Integer)) Next Dim visit As Action(Of Integer) = Sub(u As Integer) If Not vis(u) Then vis(u) = True For Each v In g(u) visit(v) t(v).Add(u) Next x -= 1 l(x) = u End If End Sub For i = 1 To size visit(i - 1) Next Dim c(size - 1) As Integer Dim assign As Action(Of Integer, Integer) = Sub(u As Integer, root As Integer) If vis(u) Then vis(u) = False c(u) = root For Each v In t(u) assign(v, root) Next End If End Sub For Each u In l assign(u, u) Next Return c.ToList End Function Sub Main() Dim g = New List(Of List(Of Integer)) From { New List(Of Integer) From {1}, New List(Of Integer) From {2}, New List(Of Integer) From {0}, New List(Of Integer) From {1, 2, 4}, New List(Of Integer) From {3, 5}, New List(Of Integer) From {2, 6}, New List(Of Integer) From {5}, New List(Of Integer) From {4, 6, 7} } Dim output = Kosaraju(g) Console.WriteLine("[{0}]", String.Join(", ", output)) End Sub End Module
Write the same algorithm in VB as shown in this C# implementation.
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; public static class TwelveStatements { public static void Main() { Func<Statements, bool>[] checks = { st => st[1], st => st[2] == (7.To(12).Count(i => st[i]) == 3), st => st[3] == (2.To(12, by: 2).Count(i => st[i]) == 2), st => st[4] == st[5].Implies(st[6] && st[7]), st => st[5] == (!st[2] && !st[3] && !st[4]), st => st[6] == (1.To(12, by: 2).Count(i => st[i]) == 4), st => st[7] == (st[2] != st[3]), st => st[8] == st[7].Implies(st[5] && st[6]), st => st[9] == (1.To(6).Count(i => st[i]) == 3), st => st[10] == (st[11] && st[12]), st => st[11] == (7.To(9).Count(i => st[i]) == 1), st => st[12] == (1.To(11).Count(i => st[i]) == 4) }; for (Statements statements = new Statements(0); statements.Value < 4096; statements++) { int count = 0; int falseIndex = 0; for (int i = 0; i < checks.Length; i++) { if (checks[i](statements)) count++; else falseIndex = i; } if (count == 0) Console.WriteLine($"{"All wrong:", -13}{statements}"); else if (count == 11) Console.WriteLine($"{$"Wrong at {falseIndex + 1}:", -13}{statements}"); else if (count == 12) Console.WriteLine($"{"All correct:", -13}{statements}"); } } struct Statements { public Statements(int value) : this() { Value = value; } public int Value { get; } public bool this[int index] => (Value & (1 << index - 1)) != 0; public static Statements operator ++(Statements statements) => new Statements(statements.Value + 1); public override string ToString() { Statements copy = this; return string.Join(" ", from i in 1.To(12) select copy[i] ? "T" : "F"); } } static bool Implies(this bool x, bool y) => !x || y; static IEnumerable<int> To(this int start, int end, int by = 1) { while (start <= end) { yield return start; start += by; } } }
Public s As String Public t As Integer Function s1() s1 = Len(s) = 12 End Function Function s2() t = 0 For i = 7 To 12 t = t - (Mid(s, i, 1) = "1") Next i s2 = t = 3 End Function Function s3() t = 0 For i = 2 To 12 Step 2 t = t - (Mid(s, i, 1) = "1") Next i s3 = t = 2 End Function Function s4() s4 = Mid(s, 5, 1) = "0" Or ((Mid(s, 6, 1) = "1" And Mid(s, 7, 1) = "1")) End Function Function s5() s5 = Mid(s, 2, 1) = "0" And Mid(s, 3, 1) = "0" And Mid(s, 4, 1) = "0" End Function Function s6() t = 0 For i = 1 To 12 Step 2 t = t - (Mid(s, i, 1) = "1") Next i s6 = t = 4 End Function Function s7() s7 = Mid(s, 2, 1) <> Mid(s, 3, 1) End Function Function s8() s8 = Mid(s, 7, 1) = "0" Or (Mid(s, 5, 1) = "1" And Mid(s, 6, 1) = "1") End Function Function s9() t = 0 For i = 1 To 6 t = t - (Mid(s, i, 1) = "1") Next i s9 = t = 3 End Function Function s10() s10 = Mid(s, 11, 1) = "1" And Mid(s, 12, 1) = "1" End Function Function s11() t = 0 For i = 7 To 9 t = t - (Mid(s, i, 1) = "1") Next i s11 = t = 1 End Function Function s12() t = 0 For i = 1 To 11 t = t - (Mid(s, i, 1) = "1") Next i s12 = t = 4 End Function Public Sub twelve_statements() For i = 0 To 2 ^ 12 - 1 s = Right(CStr(WorksheetFunction.Dec2Bin(64 + i \ 128)), 5) _ & Right(CStr(WorksheetFunction.Dec2Bin(256 + i Mod 128)), 7) For b = 1 To 12 Select Case b Case 1: If s1 <> (Mid(s, b, 1) = "1") Then Exit For Case 2: If s2 <> (Mid(s, b, 1) = "1") Then Exit For Case 3: If s3 <> (Mid(s, b, 1) = "1") Then Exit For Case 4: If s4 <> (Mid(s, b, 1) = "1") Then Exit For Case 5: If s5 <> (Mid(s, b, 1) = "1") Then Exit For Case 6: If s6 <> (Mid(s, b, 1) = "1") Then Exit For Case 7: If s7 <> (Mid(s, b, 1) = "1") Then Exit For Case 8: If s8 <> (Mid(s, b, 1) = "1") Then Exit For Case 9: If s9 <> (Mid(s, b, 1) = "1") Then Exit For Case 10: If s10 <> (Mid(s, b, 1) = "1") Then Exit For Case 11: If s11 <> (Mid(s, b, 1) = "1") Then Exit For Case 12: If s12 <> (Mid(s, b, 1) = "1") Then Exit For End Select If b = 12 Then Debug.Print s Next Next End Sub
Change the following Go code into Python without altering its purpose.
package main import ( "flag" "fmt" "runtime/debug" ) func main() { stack := flag.Int("stack", 0, "maximum per goroutine stack size or 0 for the default") flag.Parse() if *stack > 0 { debug.SetMaxStack(*stack) } r(1) } func r(l int) { if l%1000 == 0 { fmt.Println(l) } r(l + 1) }
import sys print(sys.getrecursionlimit())
Change the programming language of this snippet from Go to Python without modifying what it does.
package main import "fmt" func mod(n, m int) int { return ((n % m) + m) % m } func isPrime(n int) bool { if n < 2 { return false } if n % 2 == 0 { return n == 2 } if n % 3 == 0 { return n == 3 } d := 5 for d * d <= n { if n % d == 0 { return false } d += 2 if n % d == 0 { return false } d += 4 } return true } func carmichael(p1 int) { for h3 := 2; h3 < p1; h3++ { for d := 1; d < h3 + p1; d++ { if (h3 + p1) * (p1 - 1) % d == 0 && mod(-p1 * p1, h3) == d % h3 { p2 := 1 + (p1 - 1) * (h3 + p1) / d if !isPrime(p2) { continue } p3 := 1 + p1 * p2 / h3 if !isPrime(p3) { continue } if p2 * p3 % (p1 - 1) != 1 { continue } c := p1 * p2 * p3 fmt.Printf("%2d %4d %5d %d\n", p1, p2, p3, c) } } } } func main() { fmt.Println("The following are Carmichael munbers for p1 <= 61:\n") fmt.Println("p1 p2 p3 product") fmt.Println("== == == =======") for p1 := 2; p1 <= 61; p1++ { if isPrime(p1) { carmichael(p1) } } }
class Isprime(): multiples = {2} primes = [2] nmax = 2 def __init__(self, nmax): if nmax > self.nmax: self.check(nmax) def check(self, n): if type(n) == float: if not n.is_integer(): return False n = int(n) multiples = self.multiples if n <= self.nmax: return n not in multiples else: primes, nmax = self.primes, self.nmax newmax = max(nmax*2, n) for p in primes: multiples.update(range(p*((nmax + p + 1) // p), newmax+1, p)) for i in range(nmax+1, newmax+1): if i not in multiples: primes.append(i) multiples.update(range(i*2, newmax+1, i)) self.nmax = newmax return n not in multiples __call__ = check def carmichael(p1): ans = [] if isprime(p1): for h3 in range(2, p1): g = h3 + p1 for d in range(1, g): if (g * (p1 - 1)) % d == 0 and (-p1 * p1) % h3 == d % h3: p2 = 1 + ((p1 - 1)* g // d) if isprime(p2): p3 = 1 + (p1 * p2 // h3) if isprime(p3): if (p2 * p3) % (p1 - 1) == 1: ans += [tuple(sorted((p1, p2, p3)))] return ans isprime = Isprime(2) ans = sorted(sum((carmichael(n) for n in range(62) if isprime(n)), [])) print(',\n'.join(repr(ans[i:i+5])[1:-1] for i in range(0, len(ans)+1, 5)))
Generate a Python translation of this Go snippet without changing its computational steps.
package main import ( "code.google.com/p/x-go-binding/ui/x11" "fmt" "image" "image/color" "image/draw" "log" "os" "time" ) var randcol = genrandcol() func genrandcol() <-chan color.Color { c := make(chan color.Color) go func() { for { select { case c <- image.Black: case c <- image.White: } } }() return c } func gennoise(screen draw.Image) { for y := 0; y < 240; y++ { for x := 0; x < 320; x++ { screen.Set(x, y, <-randcol) } } } func fps() chan<- bool { up := make(chan bool) go func() { var frames int64 var lasttime time.Time var totaltime time.Duration for { <-up frames++ now := time.Now() totaltime += now.Sub(lasttime) if totaltime > time.Second { fmt.Printf("FPS: %v\n", float64(frames)/totaltime.Seconds()) frames = 0 totaltime = 0 } lasttime = now } }() return up } func main() { win, err := x11.NewWindow() if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) os.Exit(1) } defer win.Close() go func() { upfps := fps() screen := win.Screen() for { gennoise(screen) win.FlushImage() upfps <- true } }() for _ = range win.EventChan() { } }
black = color(0) white = color(255) def setup(): size(320, 240) def draw(): loadPixels() for i in range(len(pixels)): if random(1) < 0.5: pixels[i] = black else: pixels[i] = white updatePixels() fill(0, 128) rect(0, 0, 60, 20) fill(255) text(frameRate, 5, 15)
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in Python.
package main import ( "log" gc "code.google.com/p/goncurses" ) func main() { s, err := gc.Init() if err != nil { log.Fatal("init:", err) } defer gc.End() var k gc.Key for { gc.FlushInput() s.MovePrint(20, 0, "Press y/n ") s.Refresh() switch k = s.GetChar(); k { default: continue case 'y', 'Y', 'n', 'N': } break } s.Printf("\nThanks for the %c!\n", k) s.Refresh() s.GetChar() }
try: from msvcrt import getch except ImportError: def getch(): import sys, tty, termios fd = sys.stdin.fileno() old_settings = termios.tcgetattr(fd) try: tty.setraw(sys.stdin.fileno()) ch = sys.stdin.read(1) finally: termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSADRAIN, old_settings) return ch print "Press Y or N to continue" while True: char = getch() if char.lower() in ("y", "n"): print char break
Produce a language-to-language conversion: from Go to Python, same semantics.
package main import ( "log" gc "code.google.com/p/goncurses" ) func main() { s, err := gc.Init() if err != nil { log.Fatal("init:", err) } defer gc.End() var k gc.Key for { gc.FlushInput() s.MovePrint(20, 0, "Press y/n ") s.Refresh() switch k = s.GetChar(); k { default: continue case 'y', 'Y', 'n', 'N': } break } s.Printf("\nThanks for the %c!\n", k) s.Refresh() s.GetChar() }
try: from msvcrt import getch except ImportError: def getch(): import sys, tty, termios fd = sys.stdin.fileno() old_settings = termios.tcgetattr(fd) try: tty.setraw(sys.stdin.fileno()) ch = sys.stdin.read(1) finally: termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSADRAIN, old_settings) return ch print "Press Y or N to continue" while True: char = getch() if char.lower() in ("y", "n"): print char break
Port the provided Go code into Python while preserving the original functionality.
package main import "fmt" func computePerfect(n int64) bool { var sum int64 for i := int64(1); i < n; i++ { if n%i == 0 { sum += i } } return sum == n } func isPerfect(n int64) bool { switch n { case 6, 28, 496, 8128, 33550336, 8589869056, 137438691328, 2305843008139952128: return true } return false } func main() { for n := int64(1); ; n++ { if isPerfect(n) != computePerfect(n) { panic("bug") } if n%1e3 == 0 { fmt.Println("tested", n) } } }
def perf1(n): sum = 0 for i in range(1, n): if n % i == 0: sum += i return sum == n
Convert this Go snippet to Python and keep its semantics consistent.
package main import ( "fmt" "math" "math/cmplx" ) type matrix struct { ele []complex128 cols int } func (m *matrix) conjTranspose() *matrix { r := &matrix{make([]complex128, len(m.ele)), len(m.ele) / m.cols} rx := 0 for _, e := range m.ele { r.ele[rx] = cmplx.Conj(e) rx += r.cols if rx >= len(r.ele) { rx -= len(r.ele) - 1 } } return r } func main() { show("h", matrixFromRows([][]complex128{ {3, 2 + 1i}, {2 - 1i, 1}})) show("n", matrixFromRows([][]complex128{ {1, 1, 0}, {0, 1, 1}, {1, 0, 1}})) show("u", matrixFromRows([][]complex128{ {math.Sqrt2 / 2, math.Sqrt2 / 2, 0}, {math.Sqrt2 / -2i, math.Sqrt2 / 2i, 0}, {0, 0, 1i}})) } func show(name string, m *matrix) { m.print(name) ct := m.conjTranspose() ct.print(name + "_ct") fmt.Println("Hermitian:", m.equal(ct, 1e-14)) mct := m.mult(ct) ctm := ct.mult(m) fmt.Println("Normal:", mct.equal(ctm, 1e-14)) i := eye(m.cols) fmt.Println("Unitary:", mct.equal(i, 1e-14) && ctm.equal(i, 1e-14)) } func matrixFromRows(rows [][]complex128) *matrix { m := &matrix{make([]complex128, len(rows)*len(rows[0])), len(rows[0])} for rx, row := range rows { copy(m.ele[rx*m.cols:(rx+1)*m.cols], row) } return m } func eye(n int) *matrix { r := &matrix{make([]complex128, n*n), n} n++ for x := 0; x < len(r.ele); x += n { r.ele[x] = 1 } return r } func (m *matrix) print(heading string) { fmt.Print("\n", heading, "\n") for e := 0; e < len(m.ele); e += m.cols { fmt.Printf("%6.3f ", m.ele[e:e+m.cols]) fmt.Println() } } func (a *matrix) equal(b *matrix, ε float64) bool { for x, aEle := range a.ele { if math.Abs(real(aEle)-real(b.ele[x])) > math.Abs(real(aEle))*ε || math.Abs(imag(aEle)-imag(b.ele[x])) > math.Abs(imag(aEle))*ε { return false } } return true } func (m1 *matrix) mult(m2 *matrix) (m3 *matrix) { m3 = &matrix{make([]complex128, (len(m1.ele)/m1.cols)*m2.cols), m2.cols} for m1c0, m3x := 0, 0; m1c0 < len(m1.ele); m1c0 += m1.cols { for m2r0 := 0; m2r0 < m2.cols; m2r0++ { for m1x, m2x := m1c0, m2r0; m2x < len(m2.ele); m2x += m2.cols { m3.ele[m3x] += m1.ele[m1x] * m2.ele[m2x] m1x++ } m3x++ } } return m3 }
def conjugate_transpose(m): return tuple(tuple(n.conjugate() for n in row) for row in zip(*m)) def mmul( ma, mb): return tuple(tuple(sum( ea*eb for ea,eb in zip(a,b)) for b in zip(*mb)) for a in ma) def mi(size): 'Complex Identity matrix' sz = range(size) m = [[0 + 0j for i in sz] for j in sz] for i in range(size): m[i][i] = 1 + 0j return tuple(tuple(row) for row in m) def __allsame(vector): first, rest = vector[0], vector[1:] return all(i == first for i in rest) def __allnearsame(vector, eps=1e-14): first, rest = vector[0], vector[1:] return all(abs(first.real - i.real) < eps and abs(first.imag - i.imag) < eps for i in rest) def isequal(matrices, eps=1e-14): 'Check any number of matrices for equality within eps' x = [len(m) for m in matrices] if not __allsame(x): return False y = [len(m[0]) for m in matrices] if not __allsame(y): return False for s in range(x[0]): for t in range(y[0]): if not __allnearsame([m[s][t] for m in matrices], eps): return False return True def ishermitian(m, ct): return isequal([m, ct]) def isnormal(m, ct): return isequal([mmul(m, ct), mmul(ct, m)]) def isunitary(m, ct): mct, ctm = mmul(m, ct), mmul(ct, m) mctx, mcty, cmx, ctmy = len(mct), len(mct[0]), len(ctm), len(ctm[0]) ident = mi(mctx) return isequal([mct, ctm, ident]) def printm(comment, m): print(comment) fields = [['%g%+gj' % (f.real, f.imag) for f in row] for row in m] width = max(max(len(f) for f in row) for row in fields) lines = (', '.join('%*s' % (width, f) for f in row) for row in fields) print('\n'.join(lines)) if __name__ == '__main__': for matrix in [ ((( 3.000+0.000j), (+2.000+1.000j)), (( 2.000-1.000j), (+1.000+0.000j))), ((( 1.000+0.000j), (+1.000+0.000j), (+0.000+0.000j)), (( 0.000+0.000j), (+1.000+0.000j), (+1.000+0.000j)), (( 1.000+0.000j), (+0.000+0.000j), (+1.000+0.000j))), ((( 2**0.5/2+0.000j), (+2**0.5/2+0.000j), (+0.000+0.000j)), (( 0.000+2**0.5/2j), (+0.000-2**0.5/2j), (+0.000+0.000j)), (( 0.000+0.000j), (+0.000+0.000j), (+0.000+1.000j)))]: printm('\nMatrix:', matrix) ct = conjugate_transpose(matrix) printm('Its conjugate transpose:', ct) print('Hermitian? %s.' % ishermitian(matrix, ct)) print('Normal? %s.' % isnormal(matrix, ct)) print('Unitary? %s.' % isunitary(matrix, ct))
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Go to Python.
package main import ( "fmt" "math" "math/cmplx" ) type matrix struct { ele []complex128 cols int } func (m *matrix) conjTranspose() *matrix { r := &matrix{make([]complex128, len(m.ele)), len(m.ele) / m.cols} rx := 0 for _, e := range m.ele { r.ele[rx] = cmplx.Conj(e) rx += r.cols if rx >= len(r.ele) { rx -= len(r.ele) - 1 } } return r } func main() { show("h", matrixFromRows([][]complex128{ {3, 2 + 1i}, {2 - 1i, 1}})) show("n", matrixFromRows([][]complex128{ {1, 1, 0}, {0, 1, 1}, {1, 0, 1}})) show("u", matrixFromRows([][]complex128{ {math.Sqrt2 / 2, math.Sqrt2 / 2, 0}, {math.Sqrt2 / -2i, math.Sqrt2 / 2i, 0}, {0, 0, 1i}})) } func show(name string, m *matrix) { m.print(name) ct := m.conjTranspose() ct.print(name + "_ct") fmt.Println("Hermitian:", m.equal(ct, 1e-14)) mct := m.mult(ct) ctm := ct.mult(m) fmt.Println("Normal:", mct.equal(ctm, 1e-14)) i := eye(m.cols) fmt.Println("Unitary:", mct.equal(i, 1e-14) && ctm.equal(i, 1e-14)) } func matrixFromRows(rows [][]complex128) *matrix { m := &matrix{make([]complex128, len(rows)*len(rows[0])), len(rows[0])} for rx, row := range rows { copy(m.ele[rx*m.cols:(rx+1)*m.cols], row) } return m } func eye(n int) *matrix { r := &matrix{make([]complex128, n*n), n} n++ for x := 0; x < len(r.ele); x += n { r.ele[x] = 1 } return r } func (m *matrix) print(heading string) { fmt.Print("\n", heading, "\n") for e := 0; e < len(m.ele); e += m.cols { fmt.Printf("%6.3f ", m.ele[e:e+m.cols]) fmt.Println() } } func (a *matrix) equal(b *matrix, ε float64) bool { for x, aEle := range a.ele { if math.Abs(real(aEle)-real(b.ele[x])) > math.Abs(real(aEle))*ε || math.Abs(imag(aEle)-imag(b.ele[x])) > math.Abs(imag(aEle))*ε { return false } } return true } func (m1 *matrix) mult(m2 *matrix) (m3 *matrix) { m3 = &matrix{make([]complex128, (len(m1.ele)/m1.cols)*m2.cols), m2.cols} for m1c0, m3x := 0, 0; m1c0 < len(m1.ele); m1c0 += m1.cols { for m2r0 := 0; m2r0 < m2.cols; m2r0++ { for m1x, m2x := m1c0, m2r0; m2x < len(m2.ele); m2x += m2.cols { m3.ele[m3x] += m1.ele[m1x] * m2.ele[m2x] m1x++ } m3x++ } } return m3 }
def conjugate_transpose(m): return tuple(tuple(n.conjugate() for n in row) for row in zip(*m)) def mmul( ma, mb): return tuple(tuple(sum( ea*eb for ea,eb in zip(a,b)) for b in zip(*mb)) for a in ma) def mi(size): 'Complex Identity matrix' sz = range(size) m = [[0 + 0j for i in sz] for j in sz] for i in range(size): m[i][i] = 1 + 0j return tuple(tuple(row) for row in m) def __allsame(vector): first, rest = vector[0], vector[1:] return all(i == first for i in rest) def __allnearsame(vector, eps=1e-14): first, rest = vector[0], vector[1:] return all(abs(first.real - i.real) < eps and abs(first.imag - i.imag) < eps for i in rest) def isequal(matrices, eps=1e-14): 'Check any number of matrices for equality within eps' x = [len(m) for m in matrices] if not __allsame(x): return False y = [len(m[0]) for m in matrices] if not __allsame(y): return False for s in range(x[0]): for t in range(y[0]): if not __allnearsame([m[s][t] for m in matrices], eps): return False return True def ishermitian(m, ct): return isequal([m, ct]) def isnormal(m, ct): return isequal([mmul(m, ct), mmul(ct, m)]) def isunitary(m, ct): mct, ctm = mmul(m, ct), mmul(ct, m) mctx, mcty, cmx, ctmy = len(mct), len(mct[0]), len(ctm), len(ctm[0]) ident = mi(mctx) return isequal([mct, ctm, ident]) def printm(comment, m): print(comment) fields = [['%g%+gj' % (f.real, f.imag) for f in row] for row in m] width = max(max(len(f) for f in row) for row in fields) lines = (', '.join('%*s' % (width, f) for f in row) for row in fields) print('\n'.join(lines)) if __name__ == '__main__': for matrix in [ ((( 3.000+0.000j), (+2.000+1.000j)), (( 2.000-1.000j), (+1.000+0.000j))), ((( 1.000+0.000j), (+1.000+0.000j), (+0.000+0.000j)), (( 0.000+0.000j), (+1.000+0.000j), (+1.000+0.000j)), (( 1.000+0.000j), (+0.000+0.000j), (+1.000+0.000j))), ((( 2**0.5/2+0.000j), (+2**0.5/2+0.000j), (+0.000+0.000j)), (( 0.000+2**0.5/2j), (+0.000-2**0.5/2j), (+0.000+0.000j)), (( 0.000+0.000j), (+0.000+0.000j), (+0.000+1.000j)))]: printm('\nMatrix:', matrix) ct = conjugate_transpose(matrix) printm('Its conjugate transpose:', ct) print('Hermitian? %s.' % ishermitian(matrix, ct)) print('Normal? %s.' % isnormal(matrix, ct)) print('Unitary? %s.' % isunitary(matrix, ct))
Translate this program into Python but keep the logic exactly as in Go.
package main import ( "fmt" "math/big" ) func jacobsthal(n uint) *big.Int { t := big.NewInt(1) t.Lsh(t, n) s := big.NewInt(1) if n%2 != 0 { s.Neg(s) } t.Sub(t, s) return t.Div(t, big.NewInt(3)) } func jacobsthalLucas(n uint) *big.Int { t := big.NewInt(1) t.Lsh(t, n) a := big.NewInt(1) if n%2 != 0 { a.Neg(a) } return t.Add(t, a) } func main() { jac := make([]*big.Int, 30) fmt.Println("First 30 Jacobsthal numbers:") for i := uint(0); i < 30; i++ { jac[i] = jacobsthal(i) fmt.Printf("%9d ", jac[i]) if (i+1)%5 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } fmt.Println("\nFirst 30 Jacobsthal-Lucas numbers:") for i := uint(0); i < 30; i++ { fmt.Printf("%9d ", jacobsthalLucas(i)) if (i+1)%5 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } fmt.Println("\nFirst 20 Jacobsthal oblong numbers:") for i := uint(0); i < 20; i++ { t := big.NewInt(0) fmt.Printf("%11d ", t.Mul(jac[i], jac[i+1])) if (i+1)%5 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } fmt.Println("\nFirst 20 Jacobsthal primes:") for n, count := uint(0), 0; count < 20; n++ { j := jacobsthal(n) if j.ProbablyPrime(10) { fmt.Println(j) count++ } } }
from math import floor, pow def isPrime(n): for i in range(2, int(n**0.5) + 1): if n % i == 0: return False return True def odd(n): return n and 1 != 0 def jacobsthal(n): return floor((pow(2,n)+odd(n))/3) def jacobsthal_lucas(n): return int(pow(2,n)+pow(-1,n)) def jacobsthal_oblong(n): return jacobsthal(n)*jacobsthal(n+1) if __name__ == '__main__': print("First 30 Jacobsthal numbers:") for j in range(0, 30): print(jacobsthal(j), end=" ") print("\n\nFirst 30 Jacobsthal-Lucas numbers: ") for j in range(0, 30): print(jacobsthal_lucas(j), end = '\t') print("\n\nFirst 20 Jacobsthal oblong numbers: ") for j in range(0, 20): print(jacobsthal_oblong(j), end=" ") print("\n\nFirst 10 Jacobsthal primes: ") for j in range(3, 33): if isPrime(jacobsthal(j)): print(jacobsthal(j))
Write the same code in Python as shown below in Go.
package main import ( "fmt" "math/big" ) func jacobsthal(n uint) *big.Int { t := big.NewInt(1) t.Lsh(t, n) s := big.NewInt(1) if n%2 != 0 { s.Neg(s) } t.Sub(t, s) return t.Div(t, big.NewInt(3)) } func jacobsthalLucas(n uint) *big.Int { t := big.NewInt(1) t.Lsh(t, n) a := big.NewInt(1) if n%2 != 0 { a.Neg(a) } return t.Add(t, a) } func main() { jac := make([]*big.Int, 30) fmt.Println("First 30 Jacobsthal numbers:") for i := uint(0); i < 30; i++ { jac[i] = jacobsthal(i) fmt.Printf("%9d ", jac[i]) if (i+1)%5 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } fmt.Println("\nFirst 30 Jacobsthal-Lucas numbers:") for i := uint(0); i < 30; i++ { fmt.Printf("%9d ", jacobsthalLucas(i)) if (i+1)%5 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } fmt.Println("\nFirst 20 Jacobsthal oblong numbers:") for i := uint(0); i < 20; i++ { t := big.NewInt(0) fmt.Printf("%11d ", t.Mul(jac[i], jac[i+1])) if (i+1)%5 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } fmt.Println("\nFirst 20 Jacobsthal primes:") for n, count := uint(0), 0; count < 20; n++ { j := jacobsthal(n) if j.ProbablyPrime(10) { fmt.Println(j) count++ } } }
from math import floor, pow def isPrime(n): for i in range(2, int(n**0.5) + 1): if n % i == 0: return False return True def odd(n): return n and 1 != 0 def jacobsthal(n): return floor((pow(2,n)+odd(n))/3) def jacobsthal_lucas(n): return int(pow(2,n)+pow(-1,n)) def jacobsthal_oblong(n): return jacobsthal(n)*jacobsthal(n+1) if __name__ == '__main__': print("First 30 Jacobsthal numbers:") for j in range(0, 30): print(jacobsthal(j), end=" ") print("\n\nFirst 30 Jacobsthal-Lucas numbers: ") for j in range(0, 30): print(jacobsthal_lucas(j), end = '\t') print("\n\nFirst 20 Jacobsthal oblong numbers: ") for j in range(0, 20): print(jacobsthal_oblong(j), end=" ") print("\n\nFirst 10 Jacobsthal primes: ") for j in range(3, 33): if isPrime(jacobsthal(j)): print(jacobsthal(j))
Generate a Python translation of this Go snippet without changing its computational steps.
package main import ( "fmt" "math/big" ) func jacobsthal(n uint) *big.Int { t := big.NewInt(1) t.Lsh(t, n) s := big.NewInt(1) if n%2 != 0 { s.Neg(s) } t.Sub(t, s) return t.Div(t, big.NewInt(3)) } func jacobsthalLucas(n uint) *big.Int { t := big.NewInt(1) t.Lsh(t, n) a := big.NewInt(1) if n%2 != 0 { a.Neg(a) } return t.Add(t, a) } func main() { jac := make([]*big.Int, 30) fmt.Println("First 30 Jacobsthal numbers:") for i := uint(0); i < 30; i++ { jac[i] = jacobsthal(i) fmt.Printf("%9d ", jac[i]) if (i+1)%5 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } fmt.Println("\nFirst 30 Jacobsthal-Lucas numbers:") for i := uint(0); i < 30; i++ { fmt.Printf("%9d ", jacobsthalLucas(i)) if (i+1)%5 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } fmt.Println("\nFirst 20 Jacobsthal oblong numbers:") for i := uint(0); i < 20; i++ { t := big.NewInt(0) fmt.Printf("%11d ", t.Mul(jac[i], jac[i+1])) if (i+1)%5 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } fmt.Println("\nFirst 20 Jacobsthal primes:") for n, count := uint(0), 0; count < 20; n++ { j := jacobsthal(n) if j.ProbablyPrime(10) { fmt.Println(j) count++ } } }
from math import floor, pow def isPrime(n): for i in range(2, int(n**0.5) + 1): if n % i == 0: return False return True def odd(n): return n and 1 != 0 def jacobsthal(n): return floor((pow(2,n)+odd(n))/3) def jacobsthal_lucas(n): return int(pow(2,n)+pow(-1,n)) def jacobsthal_oblong(n): return jacobsthal(n)*jacobsthal(n+1) if __name__ == '__main__': print("First 30 Jacobsthal numbers:") for j in range(0, 30): print(jacobsthal(j), end=" ") print("\n\nFirst 30 Jacobsthal-Lucas numbers: ") for j in range(0, 30): print(jacobsthal_lucas(j), end = '\t') print("\n\nFirst 20 Jacobsthal oblong numbers: ") for j in range(0, 20): print(jacobsthal_oblong(j), end=" ") print("\n\nFirst 10 Jacobsthal primes: ") for j in range(3, 33): if isPrime(jacobsthal(j)): print(jacobsthal(j))
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in Python.
package main import ( "fmt" "sync" ) var a = []int{170, 45, 75, 90, 802, 24, 2, 66} var aMax = 1000 const bead = 'o' func main() { fmt.Println("before:", a) beadSort() fmt.Println("after: ", a) } func beadSort() { all := make([]byte, aMax*len(a)) abacus := make([][]byte, aMax) for pole, space := 0, all; pole < aMax; pole++ { abacus[pole] = space[:len(a)] space = space[len(a):] } var wg sync.WaitGroup wg.Add(len(a)) for row, n := range a { go func(row, n int) { for pole := 0; pole < n; pole++ { abacus[pole][row] = bead } wg.Done() }(row, n) } wg.Wait() wg.Add(aMax) for _, pole := range abacus { go func(pole []byte) { top := 0 for row, space := range pole { if space == bead { pole[row] = 0 pole[top] = bead top++ } } wg.Done() }(pole) } wg.Wait() for row := range a { x := 0 for pole := 0; pole < aMax && abacus[pole][row] == bead; pole++ { x++ } a[len(a)-1-row] = x } }
from itertools import zip_longest def beadsort(l): return list(map(sum, zip_longest(*[[1] * e for e in l], fillvalue=0))) print(beadsort([5,3,1,7,4,1,1]))