id int64 0 18.9k | biography stringlengths 151 1.51k | qa listlengths 1 25 |
|---|---|---|
17,513 | In 1568, Spanish navigator Álvaro de Mendaña was the first European to sail through the archipelago, sighting the island of Nui during his expedition in search of Terra Australis. In 1819 the island of Funafuti was named Ellice's Island; the name Ellice was applied to all nine islands after the work of English hydrogra... | [
{
"answer": "1568",
"question": "In what year was Tuvalu discovered by a European?"
},
{
"answer": "Álvaro de Mendaña",
"question": "Who was the discoverer of Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "Terra Australis",
"question": "What land mass was de Mendana actually seeking?"
},
{
"answer... |
17,514 | The origins of the people of Tuvalu are addressed in the theories regarding migration into the Pacific that began about 3000 years ago. During pre-European-contact times there was frequent canoe voyaging between the nearer islands including Samoa and Tonga. Eight of the nine islands of Tuvalu were inhabited; thus the n... | [
{
"answer": "3000 years",
"question": "How many years ago did migrations of people happen in the Pacific area?"
},
{
"answer": "canoe",
"question": "By what means did locale people travel between Pacific islands?"
},
{
"answer": "nine islands",
"question": "How many islands are in th... |
17,515 | An important creation myth of the islands of Tuvalu is the story of the te Pusi mo te Ali (the Eel and the Flounder) who created the islands of Tuvalu; te Ali (the flounder) is believed to be the origin of the flat atolls of Tuvalu and the te Pusin (the Eel) is the model for the coconut palms that are important in the ... | [
{
"answer": "te Pusi mo te Ali",
"question": "What is the creation myth of Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "flat atolls",
"question": "What does the flounder of the Tuvalu myth represent?"
},
{
"answer": "coconut palms",
"question": "What does the eel of the Tuvalu creation myth represent?"
... |
17,516 | Captain John Byron passed through the islands of Tuvalu in 1764 during his circumnavigation of the globe as captain of the Dolphin (1751). Byron charted the atolls as Lagoon Islands. Keith S. Chambers and Doug Munro (1980) identified Niutao as the island that Francisco Mourelle de la Rúa sailed past on 5 May 1781, thus... | [
{
"answer": "Captain John Byron",
"question": "What explorer traveled through the Tuvalu islands in 1764?"
},
{
"answer": "circumnavigation of the globe",
"question": "What was Captain Byron doing when he visited Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "Niutao",
"question": "Which island of Tuvalu w... |
17,517 | The next European to visit was Arent Schuyler de Peyster, of New York, captain of the armed brigantine or privateer Rebecca, sailing under British colours, which passed through the southern Tuvaluan waters in May 1819; de Peyster sighted Nukufetau and Funafuti, which he named Ellice's Island after an English Politician... | [
{
"answer": "May 1819",
"question": "When did Arent Schuyler de Peyster visit Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "Nukufetau and Funafuti",
"question": "Which of the Tuvalu isalnds did de Peyster see?"
},
{
"answer": "Ellice's Island",
"question": "What name did de Peyster give the Tuvalu island... |
17,518 | For less than a year between 1862–63, Peruvian ships, engaged in what became to be called the "blackbirding" trade, combed the smaller islands of Polynesia from Easter Island in the eastern Pacific to Tuvalu and the southern atolls of the Gilbert Islands (now Kiribati), seeking recruits to fill the extreme labour short... | [
{
"answer": "1862–63",
"question": "In what years did Peruvian ships seek laborers in the Polynesian islands?"
},
{
"answer": "blackbirding",
"question": "What was the name applied to the trade of dealing with labor hunters?"
},
{
"answer": "Rev. A. W. Murray",
"question": "Who was t... |
17,519 | Christianity came to Tuvalu in 1861 when Elekana, a deacon of a Congregational church in Manihiki, Cook Islands became caught in a storm and drifted for 8 weeks before landing at Nukulaelae on 10 May 1861. Elekana began proselytising Christianity. He was trained at Malua Theological College, a London Missionary Society... | [
{
"answer": "1861",
"question": "When did Christianity arrive in Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "Elekana",
"question": "What church deacon was washed ashore on Nukulaelae?"
},
{
"answer": "Rev. A. W. Murray",
"question": "What missionary was the first European missionary to come to Tuvalu?"... |
17,520 | Trading companies became active in Tuvalu in the mid-19th century; the trading companies engaged palagi traders who lived on the islands. John (also known as Jack) O'Brien was the first European to settle in Tuvalu, he became a trader on Funafuti in the 1850s. He married Salai, the daughter of the paramount chief of Fu... | [
{
"answer": "mid-19th",
"question": "In what century did trading companies arrive in Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "palagi traders",
"question": "What type of traders did the trading companies employ on Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "John (also known as Jack) O'Brien",
"question": "Who was the f... |
17,521 | In 1892 Captain Davis of the HMS Royalist reported on trading activities and traders on each of the islands visited. Captain Davis identified the following traders in the Ellice Group: Edmund Duffy (Nanumea); Jack Buckland (Niutao); Harry Nitz (Vaitupu); John (also known as Jack) O'Brien (Funafuti); Alfred Restieaux an... | [
{
"answer": "Captain Davis",
"question": "What sea captain reported on the Tuvalu trading in 1892?"
},
{
"answer": "HMS Royalist",
"question": "What was the name of Davis's ship?"
},
{
"answer": "agents",
"question": "What did palagi traders act as for the trading companies?"
},
... |
17,522 | In the later 1890s and into first decade of the 20th century, structural changes occurred in the operation of the Pacific trading companies; they moved from a practice of having traders resident on each island to instead becoming a business operation where the supercargo (the cargo manager of a trading ship) would deal... | [
{
"answer": "structural changes",
"question": "What operational changes caused a decline in the numbers of palagi traders in Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "resident",
"question": "What type of traders did the Pacific trading companies cease to use?"
},
{
"answer": "deal directly",
"questio... |
17,523 | In 1890 Robert Louis Stevenson, his wife Fanny Vandegrift Stevenson and her son Lloyd Osbourne sailed on the Janet Nicoll, a trading steamer owned by Henderson and Macfarlane of Auckland, New Zealand, which operated between Sydney and Auckland and into the central Pacific. The Janet Nicoll visited three of the Ellice I... | [
{
"answer": "1890",
"question": "When did Robert Louis Stevenson sail on the ship Janet Nicoll?"
},
{
"answer": "Fanny Vandegrift Stevenson",
"question": "Who recorded the trip aboard the Janet Nicoll?"
},
{
"answer": "trading steamer",
"question": "What type of ship was the Janet Ni... |
17,524 | The boreholes on Funafuti, at the site now called Darwin's Drill, are the result of drilling conducted by the Royal Society of London for the purpose of investigating the formation of coral reefs to determine whether traces of shallow water organisms could be found at depth in the coral of Pacific atolls. This investig... | [
{
"answer": "Darwin's Drill",
"question": "What are the boreholes on Funafuti called?"
},
{
"answer": "Royal Society of London",
"question": "What group conducted a study of coral on Funafuti?"
},
{
"answer": "coral reefs",
"question": "What formations was the Royal Society studying?... |
17,525 | Charles Hedley, a naturalist at the Australian Museum, accompanied the 1896 expedition and during his stay on Funafuti collected invertebrate and ethnological objects. The descriptions of these were published in Memoir III of the Australian Museum Sydney between 1896 and 1900. Hedley also wrote the General Account of t... | [
{
"answer": "Charles Hedley",
"question": "What naturalist was on the 1896 expedition to Funafuti?"
},
{
"answer": "invertebrate and ethnological",
"question": "What type of objects did Hedley collect on Funafuti"
}
] |
17,527 | In 1974 ministerial government was introduced to the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony through a change to the Constitution. In that year a general election was held; and a referendum was held in December 1974 to determine whether the Gilbert Islands and Ellice Islands should each have their own administration. As a co... | [
{
"answer": "1974",
"question": "In what year was ministerial government started in the Gilbert and Ellice islands?"
},
{
"answer": "December 1974",
"question": "When was a referendum held to determine the government of Ellice?"
},
{
"answer": "Constitution",
"question": "What docume... |
17,528 | From 1974 (the creation of the British colony of Tuvalu) until independence, the legislative body of Tuvalu was called the House of the Assembly or Fale I Fono. Following independence in October 1978 the House of the Assembly was renamed the Parliament of Tuvalu or Palamene o Tuvalu. The unicameral Parliament has 15 me... | [
{
"answer": "October 1978",
"question": "When did Tuvalu acquire independence?"
},
{
"answer": "British colony of Tuvalu",
"question": "What was formed in 1974?"
},
{
"answer": "Parliament of Tuvalu",
"question": "After independence, what was the Assembly on Tuvalu named? "
},
{... |
17,529 | There are eight Island Courts and Lands Courts; appeals in relation to land disputes are made to the Lands Courts Appeal Panel. Appeals from the Island Courts and the Lands Courts Appeal Panel are made to the Magistrates Court, which has jurisdiction to hear civil cases involving up to $T10,000. The superior court is t... | [
{
"answer": "eight",
"question": "How many courts are there on Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "High Court of Tuvalu",
"question": "What is the name of the superior court of Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "Law of Tuvalu",
"question": "What is the High Court's right to determine?"
},
{
"answ... |
17,530 | Tuvalu participates in the work of Secretariat of the Pacific Community, or SPC (sometimes Pacific Community) and is a member of the Pacific Islands Forum, the Commonwealth of Nations and the United Nations. Tuvalu has maintained a mission at the United Nations in New York City since 2000. Tuvalu is a member of the Wor... | [
{
"answer": "Secretariat of the Pacific Community",
"question": "In what group is Tuvalu involved?"
},
{
"answer": "Pacific Islands Forum",
"question": "In which forum group is Tuvalu a member?"
},
{
"answer": "Commonwealth of Nations",
"question": "In which British group is Tuvalu a... |
17,531 | A major international priority for Tuvalu in the UN, at the 2002 Earth Summit in Johannesburg, South Africa and in other international fora, is promoting concern about global warming and the possible sea level rising. Tuvalu advocates ratification and implementation of the Kyoto Protocol. In December 2009 the islands s... | [
{
"answer": "global warming",
"question": "What crisis is a major concern for Tuvalu at the UN?"
},
{
"answer": "sea level rising",
"question": "In concert with global warming, what is Tuvalu's other envirnmental priority? "
},
{
"answer": "Kyoto Protocol",
"question": "What agreemen... |
17,532 | Tuvalu participates in the Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS), which is a coalition of small island and low-lying coastal countries that have concerns about their vulnerability to the adverse effects of global climate change. Under the Majuro Declaration, which was signed on 5 September 2013, Tuvalu has commitment... | [
{
"answer": "Alliance of Small Island States",
"question": "Of what alliance is Tuvalu a member?"
},
{
"answer": "climate change",
"question": "What is the AOSIS'S main concern?"
},
{
"answer": "Majuro Declaration",
"question": "To what agreement has Tuvalu committed?"
},
{
"... |
17,534 | In July 2013 Tuvalu signed the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to establish the Pacific Regional Trade and Development Facility, which Facility originated in 2006, in the context of negotiations for an Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between Pacific ACP States and the European Union. The rationale for the creati... | [
{
"answer": "Memorandum of Understanding",
"question": "What trade agreement did Tuvalu sign in 2013?"
},
{
"answer": "Pacific Regional Trade",
"question": "What does the Memorandum concern?"
},
{
"answer": "Economic Partnership Agreement",
"question": "What does the trade agreement ... |
17,535 | Each island has its own high-chief, or ulu-aliki, and several sub-chiefs (alikis). The community council is the Falekaupule (the traditional assembly of elders) or te sina o fenua (literally: "grey-hairs of the land"). In the past, another caste, the priests (tofuga), were also amongst the decision-makers. The ulu-alik... | [
{
"answer": "ulu-aliki",
"question": "What is the Tuvalu high chief on each island called?"
},
{
"answer": "alikis",
"question": "What is the name of the sub-chiefs in Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "Falekaupule",
"question": "What is the Tuvaluan traditional assembly of elders?"
},
{
... |
17,536 | In 2014 attention was drawn to an appeal to the New Zealand Immigration and Protection Tribunal against the deportation of a Tuvaluan family on the basis that they were "climate change refugees", who would suffer hardship resulting from the environmental degradation of Tuvalu. However the subsequent grant of residence ... | [
{
"answer": "climate change refugees",
"question": "What was the argument against the deportation of a Tuvaluan family from new Zealand?"
},
{
"answer": "humanitarian nature",
"question": "By what reason was the Tuvaluan family allowed to immigrate?"
},
{
"answer": "New Zealand High Cour... |
17,537 | New Zealand has an annual quota of 75 Tuvaluans granted work permits under the Pacific Access Category, as announced in 2001. The applicants register for the Pacific Access Category (PAC) ballots; the primary criteria is that the principal applicant must have a job offer from a New Zealand employer. Tuvaluans also have... | [
{
"answer": "75",
"question": "What is New Zealand's annual quota of Tuvaluan granted work permits?"
},
{
"answer": "job offer",
"question": "What must a Tuvaluan have to be considered for a work permit in New Zealand?"
},
{
"answer": "5,000",
"question": "How many Pacific islander s... |
17,538 | The Tuvaluan language and English are the national languages of Tuvalu. Tuvaluan is of the Ellicean group of Polynesian languages, distantly related to all other Polynesian languages such as Hawaiian, Māori, Tahitian, Samoan and Tongan. It is most closely related to the languages spoken on the Polynesian outliers in Mi... | [
{
"answer": "Tuvaluan",
"question": "Besides English, what is the national language of Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "Ellicean group",
"question": "What is the language group of the Tuvaluan language?"
},
{
"answer": "Polynesian",
"question": "What other languages is the Tuvaluan language ... |
17,539 | The Princess Margaret Hospital on Funafuti is the only hospital in Tuvalu. The Tuvaluan medical staff at PMH in 2011 comprised the Director of Health & Surgeon, the Chief Medical Officer Public Health, an anaesthetist, a paediatric medical officer and an obstetrics and gynaecology medical officer. Allied health staff i... | [
{
"answer": "Princess Margaret Hospital",
"question": "What is the only hospital in Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "13",
"question": "How many nurses does Princess Margaret have on staff?"
},
{
"answer": "Funafuti",
"question": "On which island in Tuvalu is the hospital?"
},
{
"answ... |
17,540 | Fetuvalu offers the Cambridge syllabus. Motufoua offers the Fiji Junior Certificate (FJC) at year 10, Tuvaluan Certificate at Year 11 and the Pacific Senior Secondary Certificate (PSSC) at Year 12, set by the Fiji-based exam board SPBEA. Sixth form students who pass their PSSC go on to the Augmented Foundation Programm... | [
{
"answer": "Funafuti",
"question": "Where is the Extension Centre for the USP?"
},
{
"answer": "government of Tuvalu",
"question": "What group funds the Augmented Foundation Programme?"
},
{
"answer": "outside of Tuvalu",
"question": "Where is the Augmented Programme required for fu... |
17,541 | Required attendance at school is 10 years for males and 11 years for females (2001). The adult literacy rate is 99.0% (2002). In 2010, there were 1,918 students who were taught by 109 teachers (98 certified and 11 uncertified). The teacher-pupil ratio for primary schools in Tuvalu is around 1:18 for all schools with th... | [
{
"answer": "10 years",
"question": "What is the required education for males on Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "11 years",
"question": "How long are females required to go to school?"
},
{
"answer": "99.0%",
"question": "What was the literacy rate on Tuvalu in 2002?"
},
{
"answer":... |
17,542 | Community Training Centres (CTCs) have been established within the primary schools on each atoll. The CTCs provide vocational training to students who do not progress beyond Class 8 because they failed the entry qualifications for secondary education. The CTCs offer training in basic carpentry, gardening and farming, s... | [
{
"answer": "Community Training Centres",
"question": "What type of school has Tuvalu set up on each atoll?"
},
{
"answer": "secondary education",
"question": "For what have CTC students failed to qualify ?"
},
{
"answer": "vocational training",
"question": "What from of education do... |
17,543 | The traditional buildings of Tuvalu used plants and trees from the native broadleaf forest, including timber from: Pouka, (Hernandia peltata); Ngia or Ingia bush, (Pemphis acidula); Miro, (Thespesia populnea); Tonga, (Rhizophora mucronata); Fau or Fo fafini, or woman's fibre tree (Hibiscus tiliaceus). and fibre from: c... | [
{
"answer": "plants and trees",
"question": "What were the traditional building materials on Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "broadleaf forest",
"question": "What type of trees provided lumber for building on Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "fibre",
"question": "What building material did coconut pr... |
17,544 | The women of Tuvalu use cowrie and other shells in traditional handicrafts. The artistic traditions of Tuvalu have traditionally been expressed in the design of clothing and traditional handicrafts such as the decoration of mats and fans. Crochet (kolose) is one of the art forms practiced by Tuvaluan women. The materia... | [
{
"answer": "shells",
"question": "What sea creatures were used in traditional handicrafts?"
},
{
"answer": "clothing",
"question": "In what item has Tuvalu traditional design been produced?"
},
{
"answer": "mats and fans",
"question": "What type of decorative items use traditional T... |
17,545 | The cuisine of Tuvalu is based on the staple of coconut and the many species of fish found in the ocean and lagoons of the atolls. Desserts made on the islands include coconut and coconut milk, instead of animal milk. The traditional foods eaten in Tuvalu are pulaka, taro, bananas, breadfruit and coconut. Tuvaluans als... | [
{
"answer": "fish",
"question": "What is the stable protein of Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "coconut",
"question": "What vegetable features in the Tuvalu diet?"
},
{
"answer": "animal",
"question": "What kind of milk has been replaced with coconut milk on Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": ... |
17,546 | Another important building is the falekaupule or maneapa the traditional island meeting hall, where important matters are discussed and which is also used for wedding celebrations and community activities such as a fatele involving music, singing and dancing. Falekaupule is also used as the name of the council of elder... | [
{
"answer": "meeting hall",
"question": "What type of structure is the falekaupule?"
},
{
"answer": "celebrations",
"question": "Besides meetings, for what other use is the meeting hall used?"
},
{
"answer": "council of elders",
"question": "Aside from being defined as a meeting hall... |
17,547 | A traditional sport played in Tuvalu is kilikiti, which is similar to cricket. A popular sport specific to Tuvalu is Ano, which is played with two round balls of 12 cm (5 in) diameter. Ano is a localised version of volleyball, in which the two hard balls made from pandanus leaves are volleyed at great speed with the te... | [
{
"answer": "kilikiti",
"question": "What is the traditional sport on Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "Ano",
"question": "What is the Tuvalu version of volley ball?"
},
{
"answer": "cricket",
"question": "To what sport is kilikiti like?"
},
{
"answer": "Christian missionaries",
"... |
17,548 | The popular sports in Tuvalu include kilikiti, Ano, football, futsal, volleyball, handball, basketball and rugby union. Tuvalu has sports organisations for athletics, badminton, tennis, table tennis, volleyball, football, basketball, rugby union, weightlifting and powerlifting. At the 2013 Pacific Mini Games, Tuau Lapu... | [
{
"answer": "Tuau Lapua Lapua",
"question": "What athlete won Tuvalu's first gold metal in competition? "
},
{
"answer": "Pacific Mini Games",
"question": "In which competition did Lapua win a metal for Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "weightlifting",
"question": "In what contests did Lapua ... |
17,549 | A major sporting event is the "Independence Day Sports Festival" held annually on 1 October. The most important sports event within the country is arguably the Tuvalu Games, which are held yearly since 2008. Tuvalu first participated in the Pacific Games in 1978 and in the Commonwealth Games in 1998, when a weightlifte... | [
{
"answer": "Independence Day Sports Festival",
"question": "What is a major annual sports event in Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "Tuvalu Games",
"question": "What is the most important sports event held on Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "1998",
"question": "In what year did Tuvalu first appear i... |
17,551 | Banking services are provided by the National Bank of Tuvalu. Public sector workers make up about 65% of those formally employed. Remittances from Tuvaluans living in Australia and New Zealand, and remittances from Tuvaluan sailors employed on overseas ships are important sources of income for Tuvaluans. Approximately ... | [
{
"answer": "National Bank of Tuvalu",
"question": "What business provides banking services on Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "overseas",
"question": "Where are many of those who provide income to residents earning?"
},
{
"answer": "seamen",
"question": "How do 15% of male Tuvaluans earn th... |
17,552 | Tuvaluans are well known for their seafaring skills, with the Tuvalu Maritime Training Institute on Amatuku motu (island), Funafuti, providing training to approximately 120 marine cadets each year so that they have the skills necessary for employment as seafarers on merchant shipping. The Tuvalu Overseas Seamen's Union... | [
{
"answer": "Tuvalu Maritime Training Institute",
"question": "What school provides maritime education on Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "120",
"question": "What is the yearly number of cadets at the Maritime Training Institute?"
},
{
"answer": "Tuvalu Overseas Seamen's Union",
"question": ... |
17,553 | Government revenues largely come from sales of fishing licenses, income from the Tuvalu Trust Fund, and from the lease of its highly fortuitous .tv Internet Top Level Domain (TLD). In 1998, Tuvalu began deriving revenue from the use of its area code for premium-rate telephone numbers and from the commercialisation of i... | [
{
"answer": "$2.2 million",
"question": "How much money does Tuvalu's tv domain name earn each year?"
},
{
"answer": "Top Level Domain",
"question": "What si Tuvalu's tv domain?"
},
{
"answer": "Verisign",
"question": "What company is managing Tuvalu's tv domain?"
},
{
"answe... |
17,555 | The Tuvalu Media Department of the Government of Tuvalu operates Radio Tuvalu which broadcasts from Funafuti. In 2011 the Japanese government provided financial support to construct a new AM broadcast studio. The installation of upgraded transmission equipment allows Radio Tuvalu to be heard on all nine islands of Tuva... | [
{
"answer": "Radio Tuvalu",
"question": "What is the radio station on Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "Funafuti",
"question": "From where does Radio Tuvalu broadcast?"
},
{
"answer": "Japanese government",
"question": "Who gave financial support to Tuvalu to upgrade transmission equipment?"
... |
17,556 | Funafuti is the only port but there is a deep-water berth in the harbour at Nukufetau. The merchant marine fleet consists of two passenger/cargo ships Nivaga III and Manu Folau. These ships carry cargo and passengers between the main atolls and travel between Suva, Fiji and Funafuti 3 to 4 times a year. The Nivaga III ... | [
{
"answer": "Funafuti",
"question": "Where is Tuvalu's only port?"
},
{
"answer": "Nukufetau",
"question": "Where is there a deep water berth available on Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "two",
"question": "Of how many ships does the merchant marine fleet consist?"
},
{
"answer": "Ni... |
17,557 | Tuvalu consists of three reef islands and six true atolls. Its small, scattered group of atolls have poor soil and a total land area of only about 26 square kilometres (10 square miles) making it the fourth smallest country in the world. The islets that form the atolls are very low lying. Nanumanga, Niutao, Niulakita a... | [
{
"answer": "three",
"question": "How many reef islands does the Tuvalu group have?"
},
{
"answer": "six",
"question": "What are the number of true atolls are in the Tuvalu islands?"
},
{
"answer": "26 square kilometres",
"question": "What is the total land area of Tuvalu?"
},
{
... |
17,558 | Funafuti is the largest atoll of the nine low reef islands and atolls that form the Tuvalu volcanic island chain. It comprises numerous islets around a central lagoon that is approximately 25.1 kilometres (15.6 miles) (N–S) by 18.4 kilometres (11.4 miles) (W-E), centred on 179°7'E and 8°30'S. On the atolls, an annular ... | [
{
"answer": "Funafuti",
"question": "Which of Tuvalu's atolls is largest?"
},
{
"answer": "volcanic island chain",
"question": "What type of island grouping is Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "179°7'E and 8°30'S",
"question": "What are the map coordinates fro Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": ... |
17,559 | Tuvalu experiences the effects of El Niño and La Niña caused by changes in ocean temperatures in the equatorial and central Pacific. El Niño effects increase the chances of tropical storms and cyclones, while La Niña effects increase the chances of drought. Typically the islands of Tuvalu receive between 200 to 400 mm ... | [
{
"answer": "El Niño and La Niña",
"question": "What specific ocean temperature conditions effect Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "El Niño",
"question": "Which effect causes increases in sea storms like cyclones?"
},
{
"answer": "La Niña",
"question": "What temperature effect causes drought?... |
17,560 | The governments of Australia and New Zealand responded to the 2011 fresh-water crisis by supplying temporary desalination plants, and assisted in the repair of the existing desalination unit that was donated by Japan in 2006. In response to the 2011 drought, Japan funded the purchase of a 100 m3/d desalination plant an... | [
{
"answer": "desalination plants",
"question": "What type of device did Australia and New Zealand offer to Tuvalu during the 2011 drought?"
},
{
"answer": "Pacific Environment Community",
"question": "As aprt of what program did Japan fund a new desalination plant at Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answe... |
17,561 | The eastern shoreline of Funafuti Lagoon was modified during World War II when the airfield (what is now Funafuti International Airport) was constructed. The coral base of the atoll was used as fill to create the runway. The resulting borrow pits impacted the fresh-water aquifer. In the low areas of Funafuti the sea wa... | [
{
"answer": "Funafuti International Airport",
"question": "What is the modern name for the air field built during WWII?"
},
{
"answer": "Funafuti Lagoon",
"question": "What was damaged by building of the war time air field?"
},
{
"answer": "fresh-water aquifer",
"question": "What has... |
17,562 | The reefs at Funafuti have suffered damage, with 80 per cent of the coral becoming bleached as a consequence of the increase in ocean temperatures and ocean acidification. The coral bleaching, which includes staghorn corals, is attributed to the increase in water temperature that occurred during the El Niños that occur... | [
{
"answer": "80 per cent",
"question": "What percentage of the Tuvalu coral has become bleached?"
},
{
"answer": "water temperature",
"question": "What increase caused by the El Ninos is responsible for the coral bleaching?"
},
{
"answer": "foraminifera",
"question": "What has been i... |
17,563 | The rising population has resulted in an increased demand on fish stocks, which are under stress; although the creation of the Funafuti Conservation Area has provided a fishing exclusion area to help sustain the fish population across the Funafuti lagoon. Population pressure on the resources of Funafuti and inadequate ... | [
{
"answer": "Funafuti Conservation Area",
"question": "What has been formed to protect the fish stocks in Tuvalu Lagoon?"
},
{
"answer": "rising population",
"question": "What factor has caused an increased demand for fish?"
},
{
"answer": "pollution",
"question": "What has growth in... |
17,564 | Reverse osmosis (R/O) desalination units supplement rainwater harvesting on Funafuti. The 65 m3 desalination plant operates at a real production level of around 40 m3 per day. R/O water is only intended to be produced when storage falls below 30%, however demand to replenish household storage supplies with tanker-deliv... | [
{
"answer": "Reverse osmosis",
"question": "What type of desalination is used on Funafuti?"
},
{
"answer": "40 m3 per day",
"question": "How much water does the Funafuti plant produce?"
},
{
"answer": "below 30%",
"question": "At what storage point is R/O water production meant to b... |
17,565 | In July 2012 a United Nations Special Rapporteur called on the Tuvalu Government to develop a national water strategy to improve access to safe drinking water and sanitation. In 2012, Tuvalu developed a National Water Resources Policy under the Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) Project and the Pacific Adaptat... | [
{
"answer": "July 2012",
"question": "When did the UN ask Tuvalu to come up with a plan to improve drinking water?"
},
{
"answer": "National Water Resources Policy",
"question": "What did Tuvalu develop as a safe water strategy?"
},
{
"answer": "50 and 100L",
"question": "What is the... |
17,566 | Because of the low elevation, the islands that make up this nation are vulnerable to the effects of tropical cyclones and by the threat of current and future sea level rise. The highest elevation is 4.6 metres (15 ft) above sea level on Niulakita, which gives Tuvalu the second-lowest maximum elevation of any country (a... | [
{
"answer": "low elevation",
"question": "What geological situation makes Tuvalu prone to storm damage?"
},
{
"answer": "sea level rise",
"question": "To what climate change condition does Tuvalu's low elevation make it susceptible?"
},
{
"answer": "4.6 metres",
"question": "What is ... |
17,567 | Cyclone Bebe in 1972 caused severe damage to Funafuti. Funafuti's Tepuka Vili Vili islet was devastated by Cyclone Meli in 1979, with all its vegetation and most of its sand swept away during the cyclone. Along with a tropical depression that affected the islands a few days later, Severe Tropical Cyclone Ofa had a majo... | [
{
"answer": "Cyclone Bebe",
"question": "What cyclone badly damaged Funafuti?"
},
{
"answer": "three",
"question": "How many cyclones effected Tuvalu during the 1996-97 cyclone season? "
},
{
"answer": "Cyclone Ofa",
"question": "What cyclone caused major damage to vegetation on all... |
17,568 | In March 2015, the winds and storm surge created by Cyclone Pam resulted in waves of 3 metres (9.8 ft) to 5 metres (16 ft) breaking over the reef of the outer islands caused damage to houses, crops and infrastructure. On Nui the sources of fresh water were destroyed or contaminated. The flooding in Nui and Nukufetau ca... | [
{
"answer": "3 metres (9.8 ft) to 5 metres (16 ft)",
"question": "What were the wave heights during Cyclone Pam on Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "March 2015",
"question": "In what year did Cyclone Pam strike Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "Nui",
"question": "During Cyclone Pam which island had th... |
17,569 | The Tuvalu Government carried out assessments of the damage caused by Cyclone Pam to the islands and has provided medical aid, food as well as assistance for the cleaning-up of storm debris. Government and Non-Government Organisations provided assistance technical, funding and material support to Tuvalu to assist with ... | [
{
"answer": "damage",
"question": "What did the Tuvalu government assess after Cyclone Pam?"
},
{
"answer": "Cyclone Pam",
"question": "What event on Tuvalu made assistance to the population necessary?"
},
{
"answer": "recovery",
"question": "What assistance did many international gr... |
17,570 | Whether there are measurable changes in the sea level relative to the islands of Tuvalu is a contentious issue. There were problems associated with the pre-1993 sea level records from Funafuti which resulted in improvements in the recording technology to provide more reliable data for analysis. The degree of uncertaint... | [
{
"answer": "sea level",
"question": "What subject is arguable concerning Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "5 mm",
"question": "What was the amount of sea level change on Tuvalu estimated by the 2011 report?"
},
{
"answer": "satellite",
"question": "What device was used to produce the measure... |
17,571 | The atolls have shown resilience to gradual sea-level rise, with atolls and reef islands being able to grow under current climate conditions by generating sufficient sand and coral debris that accumulates and gets dumped on the islands during cyclones. Gradual sea-level rise also allows for coral polyp activity to incr... | [
{
"answer": "resilience",
"question": "What have the Tuvalu atolls displayed about sea level rise?"
},
{
"answer": "reefs",
"question": "What does gradual sea level rise allow for coral to increase?"
},
{
"answer": "faster rate",
"question": "What sea level rise rate could cause more... |
17,572 | While some commentators have called for the relocation of Tuvalu's population to Australia, New Zealand or Kioa in Fiji, in 2006 Maatia Toafa (Prime Minister from 2004–2006) said his government did not regard rising sea levels as such a threat that the entire population would need to be evacuated. In 2013 Enele Sopoaga... | [
{
"answer": "relocation",
"question": "What do some people want to do with the people of Tuvalu?"
},
{
"answer": "rising sea levels",
"question": "What did the Tuvalu Prime Minster say was not enough of an immediate threat to cause evacuation of the population? "
},
{
"answer": "2006",
... |
17,573 | The defined dogma of the Immaculate Conception regards original sin only, saying that Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes, the second of these two synonymous words being the one used in the formal definition). The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states "that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the... | [
{
"answer": "original sin only",
"question": "What is the Immaculate Conception a representation of the avoidance of ?"
},
{
"answer": "Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes",
"question": "What was Mary prevented from having to endure ?"
},
{
"answer": "privilege g... |
17,574 | The definition makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin. However, the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, "free from all sin, original or personal". The Council of Trent decreed: "If anyone shall say that a man... | [
{
"answer": "makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin",
"question": "Is it believed that Mary carried no transgression which would require blame ?"
},
{
"answer": "the Church holds that Mary was also sinles... |
17,575 | The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti... | [
{
"answer": "doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus",
"question": "Is the view of the impregnation of Mary's pregnancy the same as the one held for the birth of her first child ?"
},
{
"a... |
17,576 | Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour. When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting... | [
{
"answer": "dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime",
"question": "What was explained by the man Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti who later became leader of the Holy Roman Church ?"
},
{
"answer": "Another misunderstanding is that, ... |
17,580 | By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too... | [
{
"answer": "the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East",
"question": "What was widely observed in the eastern portion of the Byzantine world ?"
},
{
"answer": "under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne",
"question": "What was the name of this festival ... |
17,582 | In 1839 Mariano Spada (1796 - 1872), professor of theology at the Roman College of Saint Thomas, published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria [A critical examination of the doctrine of St. Thomas Aquinas, the A... | [
{
"answer": "published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria",
"question": "What did a teacher of religion from the college that was named after a Dominican friar do in 1839 of historical note ?"
},... |
17,583 | It seems to have been St Bernard of Clairvaux who, in the 12th century, explicitly raised the question of the Immaculate Conception. A feast of the Conception of the Blessed Virgin had already begun to be celebrated in some churches of the West. St Bernard blames the canons of the metropolitan church of Lyon for instit... | [
{
"answer": "St Bernard of Clairvaux",
"question": "Who began to query the position of the conception of Mary following the 11th century ?"
},
{
"answer": "St Bernard blames the canons of the metropolitan church of Lyon for instituting such a festival without the permission of the Holy See.",
"q... |
17,584 | The celebrated John Duns Scotus (d. 1308), a Friar Minor like Saint Bonaventure, argued, on the contrary, that from a rational point of view it was certainly as little derogatory to the merits of Christ to assert that Mary was by him preserved from all taint of sin, as to say that she first contracted it and then was d... | [
{
"answer": "that from a rational point of view it was certainly as little derogatory to the merits of Christ",
"question": "What did the the monk of minor believe to be true of Mary ?"
},
{
"answer": "to assert that Mary was by him preserved from all taint of sin, as to say that she first contracte... |
17,585 | Popular opinion remained firmly behind the celebration of Mary's conception. In 1439, the Council of Basel, which is not reckoned an ecumenical council, stated that belief in the immaculate conception of Mary is in accord with the Catholic faith. By the end of the 15th century the belief was widely professed and taught... | [
{
"answer": "Popular opinion remained firmly behind the celebration of Mary's conception.",
"question": "Where did the mass majority stand in relation to having or not having the Mary inception festivals ?"
},
{
"answer": "stated that belief in the immaculate conception of Mary is in accord with the... |
17,588 | Martin Luther, who initiated the Protestant Reformation, said: "Mother Mary, like us, was born in sin of sinful parents, but the Holy Spirit covered her, sanctified and purified her so that this child was born of flesh and blood, but not with sinful flesh and blood. The Holy Spirit permitted the Virgin Mary to remain a... | [
{
"answer": "Martin Luther",
"question": "Who is the person that started the religion that separated itself from the Catholic Church in the 17th century ?"
},
{
"answer": "Protestant Reformation",
"question": "What did he do that sparked the separation from the Catholic Church ?"
},
{
"... |
17,589 | The report "Mary: Faith and Hope in Christ", by the Anglican-Roman Catholic International Commission, concluded that the teaching about Mary in the two definitions of the Assumption and the Immaculate Conception can be said to be consonant with the teaching of the Scriptures and the ancient common traditions. But the r... | [
{
"answer": "Anglican-Roman Catholic International Commission",
"question": "What was written by the a all inclusive group convened by the holy church centered in Rome ?"
},
{
"answer": "The report \"Mary: Faith and Hope in Christ\"",
"question": "What document did this group create once it was ... |
17,590 | Some Western writers claim that the immaculate conception of Mary is a teaching of Islam. Thus, commenting in 1734 on the passage in the Qur'an, "I have called her Mary; and I commend her to thy protection, and also her issue, against Satan driven away with stones", George Sale stated: "It is not improbable that the pr... | [
{
"answer": "claim that the immaculate conception of Mary is a teaching of Islam.",
"question": "What religion is credited by some authors from the west for initiating the story of the conceiving of Mary ?"
},
{
"answer": "Mary and her son only excepted; between whom, and the evil spirit God placed... |
17,591 | Others have rejected that the doctrine of Immaculate Conception exists in Islam, the Quranic account does not confirm the Immaculate Conception exclusively for Mary as in Islam every human child is born pure and immaculate, her sinless birth is thus independent of the Christian docrtrine of original sin as no such doct... | [
{
"answer": "Others have rejected that the doctrine of Immaculate Conception exists in Islam",
"question": "Does everyone agree on the credit that should be given for the story of Mary's inception ?"
},
{
"answer": "in Islam every human child is born pure and immaculate",
"question": "What does ... |
17,592 | Further claims were made that the Roman Catholic Church derives its doctrine from the Islamic teaching. In volume 5 of his Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, published in 1788, Edward Gibbon wrote: "The Latin Church has not disdained to borrow from the Koran the immaculate conception of his virgin mother." That he w... | [
{
"answer": "The Latin Church has not disdained to borrow from the Koran the immaculate conception of his virgin mother",
"question": "What did the writer of a 1788 multi-volumed text say concerning plagiarism and the Roman Catholic Church ?"
},
{
"answer": "Edward Gibbon",
"question": "Who is t... |
17,593 | The Roman Missal and the Roman Rite Liturgy of the Hours naturally includes references to Mary's immaculate conception in the feast of the Immaculate Conception. An example is the antiphon that begins: "Tota pulchra es, Maria, et macula originalis non est in te" (You are all beautiful, Mary, and the original stain [of ... | [
{
"answer": "Your clothing is white as snow,",
"question": "What color garment is used in traditional chants to represent the purity of Mary's conception ?"
},
{
"answer": "The Roman Missal",
"question": "The rituals for the correct way to enjoy Mass is listed in what text ?"
},
{
"answe... |
17,594 | The popularity of this particular representation of The Immaculate Conception spread across the rest of Europe, and has since remained the best known artistic depiction of the concept: in a heavenly realm, moments after her creation, the spirit of Mary (in the form of a young woman) looks up in awe at (or bows her head... | [
{
"answer": "in a heavenly realm, moments after her creation, the spirit of Mary (in the form of a young woman) looks up in awe at (or bows her head to) God",
"question": "What became very popular symbol among the who believed Mary had a Virgin for a mother ? "
},
{
"answer": "moon is under her feet... |
17,595 | Namibia has free education for both Primary and secondary education levels. Grades 1–7 are primary level, grades 8–12 secondary. In 1998, there were 400,325 Namibian students in primary school and 115,237 students in secondary schools. The pupil-teacher ratio in 1999 was estimated at 32:1, with about 8% of the GDP bein... | [
{
"answer": "free",
"question": "What is the cost of primary and secondary education in Namibia?"
},
{
"answer": "400,325",
"question": "How many Namibian students were recorded in 1998 in primary school? "
},
{
"answer": "115,237",
"question": "How many Namibian students were record... |
17,596 | Namibia (i/nəˈmɪbiə/, /næˈ-/), officially the Republic of Namibia (German: Republik Namibia (help·info); Afrikaans: Republiek van Namibië) is a country in southern Africa whose western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Zambia and Angola to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the... | [
{
"answer": "Namibië",
"question": "What is the Afrikaans name for Namibia?"
},
{
"answer": "southern",
"question": "Where in Africa is Namibia?"
},
{
"answer": "21 March 1990",
"question": "When did Namibia gain independence from South Africa?"
},
{
"answer": "Atlantic Ocean... |
17,597 | The dry lands of Namibia were inhabited since early times by San, Damara, and Namaqua, and since about the 14th century AD by immigrating Bantu who came with the Bantu expansion. Most of the territory became a German Imperial protectorate in 1884 and remained a German colony until the end of World War I. In 1920, the L... | [
{
"answer": "14th century",
"question": "When did Bantu immigrate to Namibia?"
},
{
"answer": "1884",
"question": "When did Namibia become German Imperial protectorate?"
},
{
"answer": "end of World War I",
"question": "When did Namibia stop being a German colony?"
},
{
"answ... |
17,598 | Uprisings and demands by African leaders led the UN to assume direct responsibility over the territory. It recognised the South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO) as the official representative of the Namibian people in 1973. Namibia, however, remained under South African administration during this time as South... | [
{
"answer": "South West Africa People's Organisation",
"question": "What does SWAPO stand for?"
},
{
"answer": "1973",
"question": "When was SWAPO designated as the representative of Namibian people?"
},
{
"answer": "South-West Africa.",
"question": "When Namibia was under South Afri... |
17,599 | The dry lands of Namibia were inhabited since early times by San, Damara, Nama and, since about the 14th century AD, by immigrating Bantu who came with the Bantu expansion from central Africa. From the late 18th century onwards, Orlam clans from the Cape Colony crossed the Orange River and moved into the area that toda... | [
{
"answer": "Orange River",
"question": "Orlam clans crossed which river to migrate to Namibia?"
},
{
"answer": "southern Namibia",
"question": "What area of Namibia did Orlam clans settle in?"
},
{
"answer": "18th century",
"question": "When did Orlam clans settle in Namibia?"
},
... |
17,600 | The first Europeans to disembark and explore the region were the Portuguese navigators Diogo Cão in 1485 and Bartolomeu Dias in 1486; still the region was not claimed by the Portuguese crown. However, like most of Sub-Saharan Africa, Namibia was not extensively explored by Europeans until the 19th century, when traders... | [
{
"answer": "Portuguese",
"question": "What nationality were the first navigators to explore Namibia come from? "
},
{
"answer": "1486",
"question": "When did Bartolomeu Dias explore Namibia? "
},
{
"answer": "1485",
"question": "When did Diogo Cao explore Namibia?"
},
{
"ans... |
17,601 | From 1904 to 1907, the Herero and the Namaqua took up arms against the Germans and in calculated punitive action by the German occupiers, the 'first genocide of the Twentieth Century' was committed. In the Herero and Namaqua genocide, 10,000 Nama (half the population) and approximately 65,000 Hereros (about 80% of the ... | [
{
"answer": "Namaqua",
"question": "Herero and what other group took action against German occupiers?"
},
{
"answer": "1904 to 1907",
"question": "When did two clans take up action against the German occupiers?"
},
{
"answer": "first genocide of the Twentieth Century",
"question": "W... |
17,603 | In response to the 1966 ruling by the International Court of Justice, South-West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO) military wing, People's Liberation Army of Namibia, a guerrilla group began their armed struggle for independence, but it was not until 1988 that South Africa agreed to end its occupation of Namibia, in... | [
{
"answer": "People's Liberation Army of Namibia",
"question": "Which guerrilla group fought for Namibia's independence? "
},
{
"answer": "1966",
"question": "When did a guerrilla group fight for Namibia's independence? "
},
{
"answer": "1988",
"question": "When did South Africa end ... |
17,604 | South West Africa became known as Namibia by the UN when the General Assembly changed the territory's name by Resolution 2372 (XXII) of 12 June 1968. In 1978 the UN Security Council passed UN Resolution 435 which planned a transition toward independence for Namibia. Attempts to persuade South Africa to agree to the pla... | [
{
"answer": "South West Africa",
"question": "What was Namibia previously called?"
},
{
"answer": "12 June 1968",
"question": "What date did Namibia get it's official name?"
},
{
"answer": "Resolution 2372 (XXII)",
"question": "What was the resolution that granted Namibia it's name?"... |
17,605 | A combined UN civilian and peace-keeping force called UNTAG (United Nations Transition Assistance Group) under Finnish diplomat Martti Ahtisaari was deployed from April 1989 to March 1990 to monitor the peace process, elections and supervise military withdrawals. As UNTAG began to deploy peacekeepers, military observer... | [
{
"answer": "United Nations Transition Assistance Group",
"question": "What does UNTAG stand for?"
},
{
"answer": "Martti Ahtisaari",
"question": "Who was the diplomat for UNTAG?"
},
{
"answer": "April 1989 to March 1990",
"question": "When was the diplomat for UNTAG deployed to supe... |
17,606 | The Namibian Constitution adopted in February 1990 incorporated protection for human rights, compensation for state expropriations of private property, an independent judiciary and an executive presidency (the constituent assembly became the national assembly). The country officially became independent on 21 March 1990... | [
{
"answer": "February 1990",
"question": "When was the Namibian Constitution adopted?"
},
{
"answer": "Sam Nujoma",
"question": "Who was the first President of Namibia?"
},
{
"answer": "21 March 1990",
"question": "When did the country of Namibia officially become a country?"
},
... |
17,607 | Since independence Namibia has successfully completed the transition from white minority apartheid rule to parliamentary democracy. Multiparty democracy was introduced and has been maintained, with local, regional and national elections held regularly. Several registered political parties are active and represented in ... | [
{
"answer": "parliamentary democracy",
"question": "What did Namibia transition to after white minority apartheid rule?"
},
{
"answer": "Multiparty democracy",
"question": "What type of independence was introduced in Namibia after independence? "
},
{
"answer": "Swapo Party",
"questi... |
17,608 | The Kalahari Desert, an arid region shared with South Africa and Botswana, is one of Namibia's well-known geographical features. The Kalahari, while popularly known as a desert, has a variety of localised environments, including some verdant and technically non-desert areas. One of these, known as the Succulent Karoo, ... | [
{
"answer": "Kalahari Desert",
"question": "What Desert is shared between South Africa and Botswana?"
},
{
"answer": "5,000",
"question": "How many plants species are found in Succulent Karoo?"
},
{
"answer": "half",
"question": "How many plants are endemic to the Succulent Karoo?"
... |
17,609 | Namibia extends from 17°S to 25°S: climatically the range of the sub-Tropical High Pressure Belt, arid is the overall climate description descending from the Sub-Humid (mean rain above 500 mm) through Semi-Arid between 300 and 500 mm (embracing most of the waterless Kalahari) and Arid from 150 to 300 mm (these three re... | [
{
"answer": "17°S to 25°S",
"question": "What is the climate range for Namibia?"
},
{
"answer": "arid",
"question": "What is the overall climate description for Namibia? "
},
{
"answer": "500 mm",
"question": "What is the mean rain above in Namibia?"
},
{
"answer": "300 and 5... |
17,610 | Typically the sub-Tropical High Pressure Belt, with frequent clear skies, provides more than 300 days of sunshine per year. It is situated at the southern edge of the tropics; the Tropic of Capricorn cuts the country about in half. The winter (June – August) is generally dry, both rainy seasons occur in summer, the sma... | [
{
"answer": "300 days",
"question": "What is the typical amount of sunshine days in Tropical high pressure belt?"
},
{
"answer": "the Tropic of Capricorn",
"question": "What feature cuts Namibia in half?"
},
{
"answer": "dry",
"question": "What is the winter in Namibia like?"
},
... |
17,611 | Weather and climate in the coastal area are dominated by the cold, north-flowing Benguela current of the Atlantic Ocean which accounts for very low precipitation (50 mm per year or less), frequent dense fog, and overall lower temperatures than in the rest of the country. In Winter, occasionally a condition known as Ber... | [
{
"answer": "Benguela",
"question": "What current dominates the coastal area of Namibia?"
},
{
"answer": "north",
"question": "What direction does the current in the coastal area flow?"
},
{
"answer": "Atlantic",
"question": "Which ocean is on the coastal area of Namibia?"
},
{
... |
17,612 | Namibia is the driest country in sub-Saharan Africa and depends largely on groundwater. With an average rainfall of about 350 mm per annum, the highest rainfall occurs in the Caprivi in the northeast (about 600 mm per annum) and decreases in a westerly and southwesterly direction to as little as 50 mm and less per annu... | [
{
"answer": "Namibia",
"question": "What is the driest country in sub-Saharan Africa?"
},
{
"answer": "350 mm per annum",
"question": "What is the average rainfall in Namibia?"
},
{
"answer": "Caprivi",
"question": "Where does the highest rainfall occur in Namibia?"
},
{
"ans... |
17,613 | Namibia is one of few countries in the world to specifically address conservation and protection of natural resources in its constitution. Article 95 states, "The State shall actively promote and maintain the welfare of the people by adopting international policies aimed at the following: maintenance of ecosystems, ess... | [
{
"answer": "natural resources",
"question": "What does Namibia protect in it's constitution? "
},
{
"answer": "Article 95",
"question": "What article in the Namibia constitution supports natural conservation?"
},
{
"answer": "utilisation of living natural resources",
"question": "Wh... |
17,614 | In 1993, the newly formed government of Namibia received funding from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) through its Living in a Finite Environment (LIFE) Project. The Ministry of Environment and Tourism with the financial support from organisations such as USAID, Endangered Wildlife Trust, ... | [
{
"answer": "1993",
"question": "When did Namibia receive funding from USAID?"
},
{
"answer": "Living in a Finite Environment",
"question": "What does LIFE project stand for?"
},
{
"answer": "Community Based Natural Resource Management",
"question": "What does CBNRM stand for?"
},
... |
17,615 | Namibia follows a largely independent foreign policy, with persisting affiliations with states that aided the independence struggle, including Cuba. With a small army and a fragile economy, the Namibian Government's principal foreign policy concern is developing strengthened ties within the Southern African region. A d... | [
{
"answer": "states that aided the independence",
"question": "Who does Namibia have affiliation with in their foreign policy?"
},
{
"answer": "Southern African",
"question": "What ties does Namibia want to strengthen?"
},
{
"answer": "160th",
"question": "Which number member is Nami... |
17,616 | According to the Namibia Labour Force Survey Report 2012, conducted by the Namibia Statistics Agency, the country's unemployment rate is 27.4%. "Strict unemployment" (people actively seeking a full-time job) stood at 20.2% in 2000, 21.9% in 2004 and spiraled to 29.4% in 2008. Under a broader definition (including peopl... | [
{
"answer": "36.7%",
"question": "What was the highest unemployment rate in Namibia?"
},
{
"answer": "Immanuel Ngatjizeko",
"question": "Who is the Labour and Social Welfare Minister?"
},
{
"answer": "20.2%",
"question": "When was the lowest unemployment rate in Namibia?"
},
{
... |
17,618 | About half of the population depends on agriculture (largely subsistence agriculture) for its livelihood, but Namibia must still import some of its food. Although per capita GDP is five times the per capita GDP of Africa's poorest countries, the majority of Namibia's people live in rural areas and exist on a subsistenc... | [
{
"answer": "half",
"question": "How much of the population depends on agriculture?"
},
{
"answer": "five times",
"question": "How much more is the per capita GDP in Namibia compared to the rest of Africa's countries?"
},
{
"answer": "inequality",
"question": "Namibia has one of the ... |
17,619 | Providing 25% of Namibia's revenue, mining is the single most important contributor to the economy. Namibia is the fourth largest exporter of non-fuel minerals in Africa and the world's fourth largest producer of uranium. There has been significant investment in uranium mining and Namibia is set to become the largest e... | [
{
"answer": "25%",
"question": "How much revenue does mining provide Namibia?"
},
{
"answer": "fourth",
"question": "Where does Namibia rank in the exportation of uranium? "
},
{
"answer": "gem-quality diamonds",
"question": "What does rich alluvial diamond deposits make Namibia a so... |
17,620 | There are many lodges and reserves to accommodate eco-tourists. Sport hunting is also a large, and growing component of the Namibian economy, accounting for 14% of total tourism in the year 2000, or $19.6 million US dollars, with Namibia boasting numerous species sought after by international sport hunters. In addition... | [
{
"answer": "Sport hunting",
"question": "What accounts for almost 14% of total tourism in Namibia?"
},
{
"answer": "$19.6 million US dollars",
"question": "How much economic assistance does Namibia get from tourism from hunting? "
},
{
"answer": "extreme sports",
"question": "What o... |
17,621 | The capital city of Windhoek plays a very important role in Namibia's tourism due to its central location and close proximity to Hosea Kutako International Airport. According to The Namibia Tourism Exit Survey, which was produced by the Millennium Challenge Corporation for the Namibian Directorate of Tourism, 56% of al... | [
{
"answer": "Windhoek",
"question": "What is the capital of Namibia?"
},
{
"answer": "Hosea Kutako International Airport",
"question": "What is the airport in Namibia?"
},
{
"answer": "Windhoek Country Club Resort",
"question": "What is the most popular hotel in Windhoek?"
},
{
... |
17,622 | Namibia's primary tourism related governing body, the Namibia Tourism Board (NTB), was established by an Act of Parliament: the Namibia Tourism Board Act, 2000 (Act 21 of 2000). Its primary objectives are to regulate the tourism industry and to market Namibia as a tourist destination. There are also a number of trade a... | [
{
"answer": "Namibia Tourism Board",
"question": "What does NTB stand for?"
},
{
"answer": "Namibia Tourism Board Act, 2000",
"question": "What is act 21 of 2000 in Namibia?"
},
{
"answer": "tourism industry",
"question": "What does act 21 in Namibia regulate?"
},
{
"answer":... |
17,623 | Apart from residences for upper and middle class households, sanitation is insufficient in most residential areas. Private flush toilets are too expensive for virtually all residents in townships due to their water consumption and installation cost. As a result, access to improved sanitation has not increased much sinc... | [
{
"answer": "sanitation",
"question": "Most residential areas are insufficient in what area of Namibia?"
},
{
"answer": "water consumption",
"question": "Besides installation cost, why are private flush toilets too expensive for most residents in Namibia?"
},
{
"answer": "flying toilets"... |
17,624 | Whites (mainly of Afrikaner, German, British and Portuguese origin) make up between 4.0 and 7.0% of the population. Although their percentage of population is decreasing due to emigration and lower birth rates they still form the second-largest population of European ancestry, both in terms of percentage and actual num... | [
{
"answer": "4.0 and 7.0%",
"question": "Whites make up how much of Namibia's population?"
},
{
"answer": "Afrikaans",
"question": "What is the language of Namibia?"
},
{
"answer": "German settlers",
"question": "Where do a large minority of whites trace their Namibian roots to?"
}... |
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