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[284.50 --> 287.92] They source from the same type of area. |
[288.10 --> 289.60] So jumping to the Ars article. |
[291.24 --> 294.00] Modern processors perform speculative execution. |
[294.22 --> 295.58] That's where a lot of this is based on. |
[295.84 --> 301.06] That is where a processor will assume what needs to be done next and do that thing, |
[301.48 --> 302.52] do those calculations. |
[303.04 --> 306.56] And then if it is wrong and that isn't what's happening next, that is fine. |
[306.60 --> 307.10] It doesn't matter. |
[307.22 --> 308.76] It ditches all that code. |
[309.06 --> 309.56] No big deal. |
[309.90 --> 311.88] If it's right, then, hey, it's already done it, |
[311.92 --> 313.56] and it's able to execute that thing faster. |
[313.56 --> 315.72] This is a great thing. |
[316.04 --> 317.44] It makes things run a lot faster. |
[317.92 --> 321.66] It's not a big deal that it's running some code and coming up with some answers |
[321.66 --> 325.14] and then ditching those answers because it's making a lot of other things faster |
[325.14 --> 326.32] when it does guess correctly. |
[326.38 --> 327.44] It's pretty much only upside. |
[328.86 --> 329.26] Yeah. |
[329.66 --> 332.92] This is a property of modern CPUs. |
[332.92 --> 336.34] So that would be a reason why, spoiler alert, |
[336.78 --> 342.76] these vulnerabilities don't really have as much of an impact on much older chips. |
[343.14 --> 343.48] Yeah. |
[343.48 --> 347.72] So Spectre and Meltdown that we're going to be talking about today, |
[347.84 --> 353.84] it perturbs the processor state in detectable ways, which is bad. |
[354.24 --> 356.26] That essentially, when you break that down, |
[356.32 --> 359.50] means that these vulnerabilities can watch, |
[360.22 --> 363.44] even though it doesn't have access to these code paths, |
[363.58 --> 365.08] these speculative execution code paths, |
[365.26 --> 369.72] it can figure out what they're doing, which is bad because it gives them more information. |
[369.72 --> 372.82] And it could result in more things down the line. |
[373.02 --> 374.62] Meltdown and Spectre is what we know of right now. |
[375.00 --> 377.32] So again, to break down what Meltdown and Spectre are, |
[377.74 --> 382.74] Meltdown, it's applicable to every Intel chip made for many years. |
[382.88 --> 384.52] I don't think we know necessarily right now. |
[384.62 --> 385.56] There is a list. |
[385.92 --> 386.88] We should show the list. |
[387.02 --> 389.34] I don't entirely know if the list is... |
[389.34 --> 390.06] You don't believe my list? |
[390.20 --> 390.40] Oh. |
[391.80 --> 392.92] We didn't do screen sharing. |
[392.94 --> 394.14] We have an HDMI right here. |
[394.24 --> 398.10] The classic meme of Wancho, which is it's late. |
[398.10 --> 399.38] Screen sharing is never set up. |
[399.38 --> 399.88] Not prepared. |
[400.08 --> 401.02] And audio doesn't work. |
[402.38 --> 403.38] Yes, except... |
[405.00 --> 406.36] What screen is that? |
[408.34 --> 408.82] What? |
[409.40 --> 410.90] That's not up on either. |
[413.48 --> 414.58] That's awesome. |
[415.66 --> 416.42] Hold on. |
[417.68 --> 419.04] Anyways, there is a list. |
[419.22 --> 422.04] I can post it in the Twitch chat, |
[422.18 --> 423.78] so you guys can check it out yourselves. |
[423.94 --> 427.16] Suffice to say, it's basically every Intel chip for the last 15 years. |
[427.36 --> 428.94] Yeah, kind of a big deal. |
[428.94 --> 431.84] And it's going to affect different chips in different ways, |
[431.92 --> 433.88] which is another interesting part. |
[434.30 --> 435.88] Newer chips have certain standards, |
[435.88 --> 441.14] which will actually help them deal with this a little bit better than certain older chips. |
[441.22 --> 443.98] It also affects different programs differently. |
[443.98 --> 447.12] So certain programs are going to get hit by this really heavily. |
[448.02 --> 449.32] Microsoft has found... |
[449.32 --> 450.78] We'll go into that more later. |
[450.88 --> 456.24] But Microsoft has found that certain antiviruses have been using things in undocumented ways |
[456.24 --> 459.36] that utilize this type of stuff. |
[459.56 --> 460.98] So when they try to turn it off... |
[460.98 --> 462.64] Again, we're going to get into that more later. |
[462.64 --> 464.66] I'm trying to be vague because we'll go more deeply into that later. |
[465.00 --> 468.66] It causes problems for the antivirus programs, which is a nightmare. |
[469.40 --> 471.48] But anyways, it's all a whole mess. |
[471.74 --> 471.98] But Meltdown... |
[471.98 --> 474.28] That was basically a verbal table of contents. |
[474.92 --> 475.72] Thank you. |
[475.72 --> 477.72] Meltdown... |
[477.72 --> 478.62] Chapter one. |
[478.72 --> 480.98] ...applicable to every Intel chip for many years, |
[481.10 --> 482.46] listed in the Twitch chat, |
[482.82 --> 487.26] and will be in the doc if you access the forum. |
[487.56 --> 488.82] So if you're watching this on YouTube, |
[489.24 --> 490.90] or you're listening to this on SoundCloud, |
[491.40 --> 493.66] which a few people do, |
[494.00 --> 495.50] it does actually happen. |
[495.84 --> 497.54] Some people do listen to this on SoundCloud. |
[497.90 --> 499.14] You can go into the description, |
[499.64 --> 501.18] and there will be a forum link. |
[501.18 --> 503.04] If you go to that, that'll show the doc. |
[503.12 --> 506.06] And in the doc, there will be a link with all capital letters |
[506.06 --> 508.02] that says List of Effected Intel CPUs. |
[508.50 --> 509.56] Anyways, moving on. |
[509.74 --> 511.08] Every Intel chip for many years, |
[511.26 --> 513.72] along with certain high-performance ARM designs, |
[513.84 --> 515.20] only high-performance ARM designs, |
[515.68 --> 519.18] this flaw depends on the way that operating systems share memory |
[519.18 --> 521.04] between user programs and the kernel. |
[521.34 --> 525.56] And the solution right now carries some performance penalty. |
[525.82 --> 528.12] In certain cases, really brutal ones. |
[528.12 --> 531.26] I believe the highest reported that I've seen is about 30%. |
[531.26 --> 533.34] Yeah, but I think that's more anonymous. |
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