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[2533.74 --> 2534.98] and you just don't,
[2535.08 --> 2535.20] right?
[2535.26 --> 2536.60] Even those basic functions.
[2536.84 --> 2537.22] But anyway,
[2537.84 --> 2538.72] so I go look
[2538.72 --> 2539.26] at the documentation
[2539.26 --> 2540.76] and then I get information
[2540.76 --> 2542.44] about what arguments
[2542.44 --> 2543.42] this function is supposed
[2543.42 --> 2544.04] to receive
[2544.04 --> 2545.86] and what return values
[2545.86 --> 2546.86] it's supposed to provide.
[2546.86 --> 2548.96] And then when I do
[2548.96 --> 2550.36] this looking up,
[2550.92 --> 2551.94] then I get the information
[2551.94 --> 2553.08] about whether or not
[2553.08 --> 2554.08] the error value
[2554.08 --> 2555.76] is supposed to be returned
[2555.76 --> 2557.74] or whether an error value
[2557.74 --> 2558.44] is supposed to be returned
[2558.44 --> 2558.98] by the function.
[2559.46 --> 2560.56] And when that's the case,
[2560.60 --> 2561.44] then I cannot recall
[2561.44 --> 2562.84] of an instance
[2562.84 --> 2565.16] where I was supposed
[2565.16 --> 2566.58] to see an error value
[2566.58 --> 2567.98] returned from the program
[2567.98 --> 2568.82] and that was not checked.
[2569.26 --> 2571.14] So the way that you would
[2571.14 --> 2571.82] see it in assembly
[2571.82 --> 2572.46] would be like
[2572.46 --> 2573.38] have this function call
[2573.38 --> 2574.34] and then you see
[2574.34 --> 2576.00] some random variable
[2576.00 --> 2577.08] being taken back
[2577.08 --> 2577.70] from the stack
[2577.70 --> 2579.64] and compared with value zero.
[2579.86 --> 2580.24] So basically,
[2580.42 --> 2582.18] if error is equal to nil
[2582.18 --> 2583.64] and then you have a block
[2583.64 --> 2585.16] and whether or not
[2585.16 --> 2586.92] the error is or is not nil,
[2586.98 --> 2587.54] then you can go
[2587.54 --> 2588.10] into that block
[2588.10 --> 2589.40] or go into another one.
[2590.20 --> 2591.38] But that block is here,
[2591.50 --> 2592.10] which means that
[2592.10 --> 2592.62] the attacker
[2592.62 --> 2593.92] or the malware author
[2593.92 --> 2595.26] went through the trouble
[2595.26 --> 2596.48] of actually making sure
[2596.48 --> 2597.22] that the error,
[2597.74 --> 2598.64] like there was no error
[2598.64 --> 2599.36] returned by the function.
[2600.04 --> 2600.82] So this is the way
[2600.82 --> 2602.14] that I observe it.
[2602.14 --> 2603.44] So earlier,
[2603.56 --> 2604.32] you mentioned something
[2604.32 --> 2605.64] that you compared
[2605.64 --> 2606.92] kind of your work
[2606.92 --> 2608.34] to getting code
[2608.34 --> 2609.62] from a colleague,
[2609.84 --> 2610.94] but it's all kind of
[2610.94 --> 2612.62] no parameter names,
[2612.80 --> 2613.64] no documentation,
[2613.86 --> 2614.58] no function names
[2614.58 --> 2615.16] and so on.
[2615.56 --> 2616.46] And that reminded me
[2616.46 --> 2616.98] how sometimes
[2616.98 --> 2617.74] you can use
[2617.74 --> 2619.68] all sorts of AI tools
[2619.68 --> 2620.32] like Codex
[2620.32 --> 2621.82] and Copilot
[2621.82 --> 2622.28] and whatnot
[2622.28 --> 2623.34] to highlight that
[2623.34 --> 2623.70] and says,
[2624.00 --> 2625.02] well, explain what it does.
[2625.68 --> 2626.88] So did you ever have a chance
[2626.88 --> 2627.84] to use one of those?
[2628.64 --> 2629.30] I didn't.
[2629.52 --> 2630.32] I know that GitHub
[2630.32 --> 2631.52] released this project
[2631.52 --> 2632.74] but I personally
[2632.74 --> 2634.68] have a very
[2634.68 --> 2636.04] religious fear
[2636.04 --> 2636.86] of such projects
[2636.86 --> 2637.52] just because,
[2637.58 --> 2637.74] you know,
[2637.80 --> 2638.34] I know that
[2638.34 --> 2639.28] the way it works
[2639.28 --> 2640.56] is that all the source code
[2640.56 --> 2641.56] I write gets uploaded
[2641.56 --> 2642.70] into the cloud
[2642.70 --> 2643.36] and analyzed
[2643.36 --> 2644.18] and gets to feed
[2644.18 --> 2645.66] their machine learning algorithm.
[2646.42 --> 2647.96] And it's kind of stupid
[2647.96 --> 2648.94] because all the code
[2648.94 --> 2649.82] I write ends up
[2649.82 --> 2650.74] being open source anyway,