Unnamed: 0
int64
0
41k
title
stringlengths
4
274
category
stringlengths
5
18
summary
stringlengths
22
3.66k
theme
stringclasses
8 values
1,100
Simple proofing of Jordan's theorem
math.GM
Here is present short proofing of Jordan's theorem about dividing of flat on two disjoint subsets by one closed curve.
math
1,101
A Concise and Direct Proof of "Fermat's Last Theorem"
math.GM
The recently developed proof of Fermat's Last Theorem is very lengthy and difficult, so much so as to be beyond all but a small body of specialists. While certainly of value in the developments that resulted, that proof could not be, nor was offered as being, possibly the proof Fermat had in mind. The present proof bei...
math
1,102
The Theory of Ultralogics Part I
math.GM
As of the date of this version, this monograph (parts I and II) contains all of the known technical results relative to the Robinson-styled nonstandard modeling of natural languages and certain associated linguistic processes such as deduction via consequence operators among other concepts. These results have direct ap...
math
1,103
The Theory of Ultralogics Part II
math.GM
As of this date of this version, this monograph (part I and II) contains most of the technical results relative to the Robinson-styled nonstandard modeling of natural languages and certain associated linguistic processes such as deduction via consequence operators among other concepts. These results have direct applica...
math
1,104
Riemann Hypothesis
math.GM
Through an equivalent condition on the Farey series set forth by Franel and Landau, we prove Riemann Hypothesis for the Riemann zeta-function and the Dirichlet L-function.
math
1,105
Sieve Method and Landau Problem
math.GM
We solve Landau's four unattackable problems, including Goldbach Conjecture and Twin Prime Conjecture through sieve method.
math
1,106
Tactical games & behavioral self-organization
math.GM
The interactive game theoretical approach to tactics and behavioral self-organization is developed. Though it uses the interactive game theoretical formalization of dialogues as psycholinguistic phenomena, the crucial role is played by the essentially new concept of a tactical game. Applications to the perception proce...
math
1,107
A counting method for finding rational approximates to arbitrary order roots of integers
math.GM
It is shown that for finding rational approximates to m'th root of any integer to any accuracy one only needs the ability to count and to distinguish between m different classes of objects. To every integer N can be associated a 'replacement rule' that generates a word W* from another word W consisting of symbols belon...
math
1,108
A `replacement sequence' method for finding the largest real root of an integer monic polynomial
math.GM
To every integer monic polynomial of degree m can be associated a `replacement rule' that generates a word W* from another word W consisting of symbols belonging to a finite `alphabet' of size 2m. This rule applied iteratively on almost any initial word Wo, yields a sequence of words {Wi}. From acount of different sy...
math
1,109
Simple Divisibility Rules for the 1st 1000 Prime Numbers
math.GM
Simple divisibility rules are given for the 1st 1000 prime numbers.
math
1,110
Tactics, dialectics, representation theory
math.GM
This article is devoted to the tactical game theoretical interpretation of dialectics. Dialectical games are considered as abstractly as well as models of the internal dialogue and reflection. The models related to the representation theory (representative dynamics) are specially investigated in detail, they correlate ...
math
1,111
Integer Sequences associated with Integer Monic Polynomial
math.GM
To every integer monic polynomial of degree m can be associated m integer sequences having interesting properties to the roots of the polynomial. These sequences can be used to find the real roots of any integer monic polynomial by using recursion relation involving integers only. This method is faster than the convent...
math
1,112
Symbolic computation of the roots of any polynomial with integer coefficients
math.GM
The roots of any polynomial of degree m with integer coefficients, can be computed by manipulation of sequences made from 2m distinct symbols and counting the different symbols in the sequences. This method requires only 'primitive' operations like replacement of sequences and counting of symbols. No calculations using...
math
1,113
Roots of any Polynomial with Complex Integer Coefficients using Replacement Sequences, Ruler and Compass
math.GM
The roots of any polynomial of degree m with complex integer coefficients can be computed by manipulation of sequences made from distinct symbols and counting the different symbols in the sequences. This method requires only primitive operations like replacement of sequences and counting of symbols. No calculations usi...
math
1,114
An Abel ordinary differential equation class generalizing known integrable classes
math.GM
We present a multi-parameter non-constant-invariant class of Abel ordinary differential equations with the following remarkable features. This one class is shown to unify, that is, contain as particular cases, all the integrable classes presented by Abel, Liouville and Appell, as well as all those shown in Kamke's book...
math
1,115
Random triangle problem: geometrical approach
math.GM
Classical problem of random triangle in square is solved by simple and transparent geometrical method.
math
1,116
Bifurcating Continued Fractions
math.GM
The notion of 'bifurcating continued fractions' is introduced. Two coupled sequences of non-negative integers are obtained from an ordered pair of positive real numbers in a manner that generalizes the notion of continued fractions. These sequences enable simple representations of roots of cubic equations. In particula...
math
1,117
Experimental detection of interactive phenomena and their analysis
math.GM
The article is devoted to mathematical methods of experimental detection of interactive phenomena in complex systems and their analysis.
math
1,118
Matrix exponentials
math.GM
We give a formula for matrix exponentials and partial fraction decompositions.
math
1,119
Four multiplicative cohomology theorems
math.GM
I try to find natural statement and proof of the de Rham Theorem and of other cohomology theorems.
math
1,120
On the Complete Solution to the Most General Fifth Degree Polynomial
math.GM
The motivation behind this note, is due to the non success in finding the complete solution to the General Quintic Equation. The hope was to have a solution with all the parameters precisely calculated in a straight forward manner. This paper gives the closed form solution for the five roots of the General Quintic Equa...
math
1,121
A lemma on the minimal surfaces
math.GM
Stated lemma contains the assertions about isomorphism of exact m-forms and exterior differentials of regular m-maps, of linearly harmonic m-forms and exterior differentials of regular harmonic m-maps, of global minimal (n-m)-surfaces and level (n-m)-surfaces of regular minimal m-maps. It hold in n-dimensional Euclidea...
math
1,122
A Proof of "Goldbach's Conjecture"
math.GM
"Goldbach's Conjecture" proven by analysis of how all combinations of the odd primes, summed in pairs, generates all of the even numbers.
math
1,123
On the dynamic flows
math.GM
It is investigated a possibility of physical interpretation of vector fields (dynamic flows) in Euclidean spaces of higher dimension. There are analyzed the methods of measurements of dynamic flows, the characteristics of dynamic flow and the connection between its differential and integral characteristics. It is obtai...
math
1,124
On the quantum model of gravitational electrodynamics
math.GM
It is shown that application of dynamic flows concept in 4-dimensional Euclidean space makes possible to form Minkowski space and to formulate the generalized variational problem of electrodynamics and gravi- dynamics. It is shown that 1-dimensional (cylindrical) factorization of 4-dimensional Euclidean space provides ...
math
1,125
Goldbach's Rule
math.GM
Goldbach`s Conjecture, "every even number greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two primes" is renamed Goldbach`s Rule for it can not be otherwise. The conjecture is proven by showing that the existence of prime pairs adding to any even number greater than 2 is a natural by-product of the existence of the prime...
math
1,126
On the generation of linear groups by combinatoric groups
math.GM
It is described the group of arrowy permutations (that is extension of symmetric group) and the consequent process of generation of GL(n) and some its subgroups by this combinatoric group and its subgroups.
math
1,127
On the rigid algebraic structure of Euclidean spaces
math.GM
It is shown that the groups of automorphisms of Euclidean spaces are isomorphic to the groups of topologic automorphisms of respectively factored arithmetic spaces. In particular, the geometry of Euclidean n-space with positive signature is associated with factorization of n-dimensional arithmetic space into n-dimensio...
math
1,128
On some mathematical construction of many-dimensional cosmos
math.GM
It is shown that classical Clifford algebras are group algebras of cyclic subgroups of arrowy rermutations. It is established that Euclidean 3-space, Pauli and Dirac algebras and groups of global guage transformations are corollary from the geometry of 8-dimensional vacuum and 9-dimensional cosmos.
math
1,129
On the interior structure of exterior algebra
math.GM
It is constructed the functor from category of product linear space to category of skew-symmetric tensor space. It is defined and described the bound bundle as analog of a symplex and as basis element of new constructive homology theory.
math
1,130
New mathematical methods for psychophysical filtering of experimental data and their processing
math.GM
The article is devoted to new mathematical methods for psychophysical filtering of experimental data and their processing.
math
1,131
Antinomies of Mathematical Reason: The Inconsistency of PM Arithmetic and Related Systems
math.GM
We give a proof of the inconsistency of PM arithmetic, classical set theory and related systems, incidentally exposing an error in Goedel's own proof of Goedel's Theorems. The inconsistency proof, that formulae of the form R and ~R occur as theorems in the PM-isomorphic system P, proceeds from a reflexive substitution ...
math
1,132
Bifurcating Continued Fractions II
math.GM
In an earlier paper we introduced the notion of 'bifurcating continued fractions' in a heuristic manner. In this paper a formal theory is developed for the 'bifurcating continued fractions'.
math
1,133
Why a Conjecture of Poincare Doesn't Work
math.GM
Poincare had conjectured that the fact that closed loops could be shrunk to points on a surface topologically equivalent to the surface of a sphere can be generalised to three (and more) dimensions. After nearly a century the conjecture has remained unproven. We given arguments below to show that the conjecture doesn't...
math
1,134
Introductory Calculus from the Viewpoint of Non-Standard Analysis - Derivative of Sine and Cosine
math.GM
This article exemplifies a novel approach to the teaching of introductory differential calculus using the modern notion of ``infinitesimal'' as opposed to the traditional approach using the notion of ``limit''. I illustrate the power of the new approach with a discussion of the derivatives of the sine and cosine functi...
math
1,135
An Introduction to the Neutrosophic Probability Applied in Quantum Physics
math.GM
In this paper one generalizes the classical probability and imprecise probability to the notion of "neutrosophic probability" in order to be able to model Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle of a particle's behavior, Schr"dinger's Cat Theory, and the state of bosons which do not obey Pauli's Exclusion Principle (in quan...
math
1,136
On Rugina's System of Thought
math.GM
In this article one investigates Rugina's Orientation Table and one gives particular examples for several of its seven models. Leon Walras's Economics of Stable Equilibrium and Keynes's Economics of Disequilibrium are combined in Rugina's Orientation Table in systems which are s% stable and 100-s% unstable, where s may...
math
1,137
Neutrosophy
math.GM
Neutrosophy is a new branch of philosophy which studies the origin, nature, and scope of neutralities, as well as their interactions with different ideational spectra.
math
1,138
Special Algebraic Structures
math.GM
New notions are introduced in algebra in order to better study the congruences in number theory. For example, the <special semigroups> makes an important such contribution.
math
1,139
Mixed Non-Euclidean Geometries
math.GM
The goal of this paper is to experiment new math concepts and theories, especially if they run counter to the classical ones. To prove that contradiction is not a catastrophe, and to learn to handle it in an (un)usual way. To transform the apparently unscientific ideas into scientific ones, and to develop their study (...
math
1,140
Linguistic Paradoxes and Tautologies
math.GM
Classes of linguistic paradoxes and linguistic tautologies are introduced with examples and explanations. They are part of the author's work on the Paradoxist Philosophy based on mathematical logic. The general cases exposed below are modeled on the English language structure in a rigid way. In order to find nice par...
math
1,141
A Set of Sequences in Number Theory
math.GM
74 new integer sequences are introduced in number theory, and for each of them is given a characterization, followed by open problems. each one a general question: how many primes each sequence has.
math
1,142
Numerology
math.GM
One presents many Concatenated and Operation Sequences, P-Q Relationships, Digital Sequences, Magic Squares, Prime Conjectures, k-Divisibility and Strong Divisibility Sequences, Geometric Conjectures, Proposed problems.
math
1,143
Funny Problems!
math.GM
Thirty original and collected problems, puzzles, and paradoxes in mathematics and physics are explained in this paper, taught by the author to the elementary and high school teachers at the University of New Mexico - Gallup in 1997-8 and afterwards. They have more an educational interest, because make the students thin...
math
1,144
Integer Algorithms to Solver Diophantine Linear Equations and Systems
math.GM
The present work includes some of the author's original researches on integer solutions of Diophantine liner equations and systems. The notion of "general integer solution" of a Diophantine linear equation with two unknowns is extended to Diophantine linear equations with $n$ unknowns and then to Diophantine linear sys...
math
1,145
Another Set of Sequences, Sub-Sequences, and Sequences of Sequences
math.GM
In this paper 101 new integer sequences, sub-sequences, and sequences of sequences, together with related unsolved problems and conjectures, are presented. Also, definitions, examples, solved or open questions, and references for each sequence are given.
math
1,146
Thirty-Six Unsolved Problems in Number Theory
math.GM
Partially or totally unsolved questions in number theory and geometry especially, such as coloration problems, elementary geometric conjectures, partitions, generalized periods of a number, length of a generalized period, arithmetic and geometric progressions are exposed.
math
1,147
G Add-On, Digital, Sieve, General Periodical, and Non-Arithmetic Sequences
math.GM
In this paper a small survey is presented on fourteen sequences, such as: G Add-on Sequences, Sieve Sequences, Digital Sequences, Non-Arithmetic Progressions, recreational sequences (Lucky Method/Operation/Algorithm/Differentiation/Integration etc.), General Periodical Sequences, and numerical functions.
math
1,148
Considerations on New Functions in Number Theory
math.GM
In this paper a small survey is presented on eighteen new functions and four new sequences, such as: Inferior/Superior f-Part, Fractional f-Part, Complementary function with respect with another function, S-Multiplicative, Primitive Function, Double Factorial Function, S-Prime and S-Coprime Functions, Smallest Power Fu...
math
1,149
A Generalized Numeration Base
math.GM
A Generalized Numeration Base is defined in this paper, and then particular cases are presented, such as Prime Base, Square Base, m-Power Base, Factorial Base, and operations in these bases. These bases are important for partitions of integers into primes, squares, cubes, generally into m-powers, also into factorials, ...
math
1,150
The 42 Assessors and the Box-Kites they fly: Diagonal Axis-Pair Systems of Zero-Divisors in the Sedenions' 16 Dimensions
math.GM
G. Moreno's abstract depiction of the Sedenions' normed zero-divisors, as homomorphic to the exceptional Lie group G2, is fleshed out by exploring further structures the A-D-E approach of Lie algebraic taxonomy keeps hidden. A breakdown of table equivalence among the half a trillion multiplication schemes the Sedenions...
math
1,151
Correspondence principle for idempotent calculus and some computer applications
math.GM
This paper is devoted to heuristic aspects of the so-called idempotent calculus. There is a correspondence between important, useful and interesting constructions and results over the field of real (or complex) numbers and similar constructions and results over idempotent semirings in the spirit of N. Bohr's correspond...
math
1,152
Multi-dimensional Meta-analysis for Assessment of Relationships between Asthma Rates and Particulate Air Pollution
math.GM
Multi-dimensional meta-analysis (MDMA) is an innovative technique for investigating complex scientific problems influenced by "external" factors, such as social, medical, economic, political or climatic trends. MDMA extends traditional meta-analysis by identifying significant data from diverse and independent disciplin...
math
1,153
A Unifying Field in Logics: Neutrosophic Logic, Neutrosophic Set, Neutrosophic Probability and Statistics (fourth edition)
math.GM
In this book one makes an introduction to non-standard analysis in the first part, needed to the next four chapters in order to study the neutrosophics: 1. Neutrosophy - a new branch of philosophy. 2. Neutrosophic Logic - a unifying field in logics. 3. Neutrosophic Set - a unifying field in sets. 4. Neutrosophi...
math
1,154
Riemann hypothesis and super-conformal invariance
math.GM
A strategy for proving (not a proof of, as was the first over-optimistic belief) the Riemann hypothesis is suggested. The vanishing of Riemann Zeta reduces to an orthogonality condition for the eigenfunctions of a non-Hermitian operator D^+ having the zeros of Riemann Zeta as its eigenvalues. The construction of D^+ is...
math
1,155
Triplets and Symmetries of Arithmetic mod p^k
math.GM
The finite ring Z_k = Z(+,.) mod p^k of residue arithmetic with odd prime power modulus is analysed. The cyclic group of units G_k in Z_k(.) has order (p-1)p^{k-1}, implying product structure G_k = A_k B_k. Here core A_k of order p-1 is an extension for k >1 of Fermat's Small Theorem (FST*), where n^p == n (mod p^k) fo...
math
1,156
On primitive roots of unity, divisors of p+/-1, Wieferich primes, and quadratic analysis mod p^3
math.GM
Primitive roots of 1 mod p^k (k>2 and odd prime p) are sought, in cyclic units group G_k = A_k B_k mod p^k, coprime to p, of order (p-1)p^{k-1}. 'Core' subgroup A_k has order p-1 independent of k, and p+1 generates 'extension' subgroup B_k of all p^{k-1} residues 1 mod p. Divisors r,t of powerful generator p-1=rs=tu of...
math
1,157
Powersums representing residues mod p^k, from Fermat to Waring
math.GM
The ring Z_k(+,.) mod p^k with prime power modulus (prime p>2) is analysed. Its cyclic group G_k of units has order (p-1)p^{k-1}, and all p-th power n^p residues form a subgroup F_k with |F_k|=|G_k|/p. The subgroup of order p-1, the core A_k of G_k, extends Fermat's Small Theorem (FST) to mod p^{k>1}, consisting of p-1...
math
1,158
Additive structure of Z(.) mod m_k (squarefree) and Goldbach's Conjecture
math.GM
The product m_k of the first k primes (2..p_k) has neighbours m_k +/- 1 with all prime divisors beyond p_k, implying there are infinitely many primes [Euclid]. All primes between p_k and m_k are in the group G_1 of units in semigroup Z_{m_k}(.) of mutiplication mod m_k. Due to the squarefree modulus Z_{m_k} is a disjoi...
math
1,159
Finite Semigroups of Constant Rank, and the five Basic State Machine types
math.GM
Constant Rank (CR) state machines play an important role in the general structure theory of Finite State Machines. A machine is of constant rank if each input and input-sequence maps the state set onto the same number of next states. CR-machines are analysed via their sequential closure (semigroup), which is a simple s...
math
1,160
On the cardinality of the set of the real numbers
math.GM
It is shown that any denumerable list L to which Cantor's diagonal method was applied is incomplete. However, this doesn't allow us to affirm that the cardinality of the real numbers of the interval [0, 1] is greater than the cardinality of the finite natural numbers. Paper withdrawn (its essential part is included in ...
math
1,161
On the Goedel's formula
math.GM
This article examines the formula G (of Goedel). We demonstrated that the Goedel's number of the formula G is not a finite number if (i) G is comprehended as a self-referential statement or (ii) there is an infinite set S of well-formed formulae such that the elements of S are theorems or antitheorems in T.
math
1,162
Stochastic processes on non-Archimedean spaces. I. Stochastic processes on Banach spaces
math.GM
Non-Archimedean analogs of Markov quasimeasures and stochastic processes are investigated. Thery are used for the development of stochastic antiderivations. The non-Archimedean analog of the It$\hat o$ formula is proved.
math
1,163
Stochastic processes on non-Archimedean spaces. II. Stochastic antiderivational equations
math.GM
Stochastic antiderivational equations on Banach spaces over local non-Archimedean fields are investigated. Theorems about existence and uniqiuness of the solutions are proved under definite conditions. In particular Wiener processes are considered in relation with the non-Archimedean analog of the Gaussian measure.
math
1,164
Symmetric Logic Synthesis with Phase Assignment
math.GM
Decomposition of any Boolean Function BF_n of n binary inputs into an optimal inverter coupled network of Symmetric Boolean functions SF_k (k \leq n) is described. Each SF component is implemented by Threshold Logic Cells, forming a complete and compact T-Cell Library. Optimal phase assignment of input polarities maxim...
math
1,165
On the set of natural numbers
math.GM
This paper was withdrawn by the authors.
math
1,166
Generalized Steiner's Problem and its Solution with the Concepts in Field Thoery
math.GM
We generalized the Steiner's shortest line problem and found its connection with the concepts in classical field theory. We solved the generalized Steiner's problem by introducing a conservative potential and a dissipative force in the field and gave a computing method by using a testing point and a corresponding itera...
math
1,167
Le cryptosysteme non-commutatif
math.GM
It is showed a new cryptosystem based on non-commutativ calculations of matrices, more specially nilpotent matrices. The cryptosystem seems powerful to restsist against usual attacks.
math
1,168
A new Binary Number Code and a Multiplier, based on 3 as semi-primitive root of 1 mod 2^k
math.GM
The powers of 3 generate half of the odd residues mod 2^k (k>2), and a sign change yields the other half. In other words: 3 is a semi-primitive root of 1 mod 2^k (k>2). Hence each k-bit residue is n = +/- 3^i.2^j mod 2^k, with unique non-neg exponent pair: i<2^{k-2} and j<k. -- A new "dual base logarithmic" binary numb...
math
1,169
The Origin of a Metric
math.GM
In the context of earlier work, we investigate the emergence of a "distance" in the physical world. For this we consider a Cantor ternary like process, but much more general: properties like perfectness and disconnectedness are not invoked, but instead we deal with Borel sets. An interesting case from a physical point ...
math
1,170
Stochastic processes on non-Archimedean spaces. III. Stochastic processes on totally disconnected topological groups
math.GM
Stochastic processes on totally disconnected topological groups are investigated. In particular they are considered for diffeomorphism groups and loop groups of manifolds on non-Archimedean Banach spaces. Theorems about a quasi-invariance and a pseudo-differentiability of transition measures are proved. Transition meas...
math
1,171
Quasi-invariant and pseudo-differentiable measures on a non-Archimedean Banach space.I. Real-valued measures
math.GM
Quasi-invariant and pseudo-differentiable measures on a Banach space $X$ over a non-Archimedean locally compact infinite field with a non-trivial valuation are defined and constructed. Measures are considered with values in $\bf R$. Theorems and criteria are formulated and proved about quasi-invariance and pseudo-diffe...
math
1,172
Quasi-invariant and pseudo-differentiable measures on a non-Archimedean Banach space. II. Measures with values in non-Archimedean fields
math.GM
Quasi-invariant and pseudo-differentiable measures on a Banach space $X$ over a non-Archimedean locally compact infinite field with a non-trivial valuation are defined and constructed. Measures are considered with values in non-Archimedean fields, for example, the field $\bf Q_p$ of $p$- adic numbers. Theorems and crit...
math
1,173
The cardinality of the set of real numbers
math.GM
A proof that the set of real numbers is denumerable is given.
math
1,174
The Essence of Intuitive Set Theory
math.GM
Intuitive Set Theory (IST) is defined as the theory we get, when we add Axiom of Monotonicity and Axiom of Fusion to Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory. In IST, Continuum Hypothesis is a theorem, Axiom of Choice is a theorem, Skolem paradox does not appear, nonLebesgue measurable sets are not possible, and the unit interval s...
math
1,175
White Hole, Black Whole, and The Book
math.GM
Intellectual space is defined as the set of all proofs of mathematical logic, contained in The Book conceived by Erdos. Physical and intellectual spaces are visualized, making use of concepts from intuitive set theory.
math
1,176
Testing the Existence of a Supporting Plane
math.GM
We present an algorithm testing wheather, for given four vectors in R^3, there is a plane through the origin such that all four vectors fall into the same open halfspace.
math
1,177
A further step in the proof of Riemann hypothesis
math.GM
Paper has been withdrawn due to an error in the basic argument that the states corresponding to the zeros of Riemann Zeta with Re[s]<1/2 allow a Fourier expansion in the basis provided by the states having Re[s]>= 1/2.
math
1,178
A Computational Algorithm for /pi(N)
math.GM
An algorithm for computing /pi(N) is presented.It is shown that using a symmetry of natural numbers we can easily compute /pi(N).This method relies on the fact that counting the number of odd composites not exceeding N suffices to calculate /pi(N).
math
1,179
Introductory Topics in Distributions over Binary Test Functions
math.GM
We note with B2 the Boole algebra with two elements. We define for the R->B2 functions the limits, the derivatives, the differentiability, the test functions, the integrals. We also define the distributions over the space of these test functions, the regular and the singular distributions, the support sets of the distr...
math
1,180
Introductory Topics in Binary Set Functions
math.GM
Let X be a non-empty set and U a ring of subsets of X. The countable additive functions U->{0,1} are called measures. The paper gives some definitions (derivable measures, the Lebesgue-Stieltjes measures) and properties of these functions, its purpose being that of reconstruction of the measure theory within this frame...
math
1,181
Comments to Neutrosophy
math.GM
Any system based on axioms is incomplete because the axioms cannot be proven from the system, just believed. But one system can be less-incomplete than other. Neutrosophy is less-incomplete than many other systems because it contains them. But this does not mean that it is finished, and it can always be improved. The c...
math
1,182
A Strategy for Proving Riemann Hypothesis
math.GM
A strategy for proving Riemann hypothesis is suggested. The vanishing of the Rieman Zeta reduces to an orthogonality condition for the eigenfunctions of a non-Hermitian operator $D^+$ having the zeros of Riemann Zeta as its eigenvalues. The construction of $D^+$ is inspired by the conviction that Riemann Zeta is associ...
math
1,183
On power sets
math.GM
This work presents theorems which state (i) Z is a proper subset for any bijection f between A and Z, where Z is contained in P(A), A is a non-finite set and |Z|=|A|, and (ii) being Z a proper subset of P(A) nothing affirms or denies that |P(A)|>|A|. Russell's paradox is examined and it is shown that the set of all the...
math
1,184
Can our number system be improved?
math.GM
Our number system is a magnificent tool. But it is far from perfect. Can it be improved? In this paper some possibilities are discussed, including the use of a different base or directed (negative as well as positive) numerals. We also put forward some suggestions for further research.
math
1,185
Intentionally and Unintentionally. On Both, A and Non-A, in Neutrosophy
math.GM
The paper presents a fresh new start on the neutrality of neutrosophy in that "both A and Non-A" as an alternative to describe Neuter-A in that we conceptualize things in both intentional and unintentional background. This unity of opposites constitutes both objective world and subjective world. The whole induction of ...
math
1,186
Beyond Goedel : Simply consistent constructive systems of first order Peano's Arithmetic that do not yield undecidable propositions by Goedel's reasoning
math.GM
In this paper, we argue that formal systems of first order Arithmetic that admit Goedelian undecidable propositions validly are abnormally non-constructive. We argue that, in such systems, the strong representation of primitive recursive predicates admits abnormally non-constructive, Platonistic, elements into the fo...
math
1,187
Rapid growth sequences
math.GM
Studying Fermat sequence we can simply find infinitely many other rapidly growing sequences of similar properties. On the other hand this approach allows us simple construction of such sequences.
math
1,188
Infinite and natural numbers
math.GM
The infinite numbers of the set M of finite and infinite natural numbers are defined starting from the sequence 0\Phi, where 0 is the first natural number, \Phi is a succession of symbols S and xS is the successor of the natural number x. The concept of limit of the natural number n, when n tends to infinite, is examin...
math
1,189
An Extension to Fermat's Factorisation and a simple primality test
math.GM
An extension to the factorisation principle as suggested by Fermat is presented.We start from a symmetry of natural numbers and obtain the factorisation principle therefrom.Later it is extended further to test the primality of any natural number and finally used to factorise any given number.
math
1,190
The Banach-Tarski paradox or what mathematics and religion have in common
math.GM
We give a popular account of the Banach-Tarski paradox and its connections with the axiom of choice.
math
1,191
Fuzziness and Funds Allocation in Portfolio Optimization
math.GM
Each individual investor is different, with different financial goals, different levels of risk tolerance and different personal preferences. From the point of view of investment management, these characteristics are often defined as objectives and constraints. Objectives can be the type of return being sought, while c...
math
1,192
A Family of Estimators of Population Mean Using Multiauxiliary Information in Presence of Measurement Errors
math.GM
This paper proposes a family of estimators of population mean using information on several auxiliary variables and analyzes its properties in the presence of measurement errors.
math
1,193
A Generator System of Invariant differential forms
math.GM
We obtain a generator system of the algebra of $\mathrm{GL}(V)$-invariant differential forms on $\mathrm{End}_{\bf k} (V)$. The proof uses the Weyl-Schur reciprocity.
math
1,194
Prime number logarithmic geometry on the plane
math.GM
We found a regularity of the behavior of primes that allows to represent both prime and natural numbers as infinite matrices with a common formation rule of their rows. This regularity determines a new class of infinite cyclic groups that permit the proposition a plane--spiral geometric concept of the arithmetic.
math
1,195
Oscillating Population Models
math.GM
Oscillating population model realistic situations in different contexts.We examine this situation with reasonable mathematical models and come to interesting conclusions,such as for example,that the population at most points of the cycle approximately equals half the maximum attainable population.
math
1,196
Reviewing Goedel's and Rosser's meta-reasoning of undecidability
math.GM
I review the classical conclusions drawn from Goedel's meta-reasoning establishing an undecidable proposition GUS in standard PA. I argue that, for any given set of numerical values of its free variables, every recursive arithmetical relation can be expressed in PA by different, but formally equivalent, propositions. T...
math
1,197
On the polycirculant conjecture
math.GM
In the paper the foundation of the $k$-orbit theory is developed. The theory opens a new simple way to the investigation of groups and multidimensional symmetries. The relations between combinatorial symmetry properties of a $k$-orbit and its automorphism group are found. It is found the local property of a $k$-orbit...
math
1,198
Heuristic algorithm for solving of the graph isomorphism problem
math.GM
We consider heuristic algorithm for solving graph isomorphism problem. The algorithm based on a successive splitting of the eigenvalues of the matrices which are modifications (to positive defined) of graphs' adjacency matrices. Modification of the algorithm allows to find a solution for Frobenius problem. Formulation ...
math
1,199
Proof of Goldbach's Conjecture
math.GM
After certain subsets of Natural numbers called Range and Row are defined, we assume (1) there is a function that can produce prime numbers and (2) each even number greater than 2, like A, can be represented as the sum of n prime numbers. We show this by DC(A)less than or equal to n. Each Row is similar to each other i...
math