Unnamed: 0 int64 0 41k | title stringlengths 4 274 | category stringlengths 5 18 | summary stringlengths 22 3.66k | theme stringclasses 8
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8,800 | Quantum and Concept Combination, Entangled Measurements and Prototype
Theory | cs.AI | We analyze the meaning of the violation of the marginal probability law for
situations of correlation measurements where entanglement is identified. We
show that for quantum theory applied to the cognitive realm such a violation
does not lead to the type of problems commonly believed to occur in situations
of quantum t... | computer science |
8,801 | A Feature-based Classification Technique for Answering Multi-choice
World History Questions | cs.IR | Our FRDC_QA team participated in the QA-Lab English subtask of the NTCIR-11.
In this paper, we describe our system for solving real-world university
entrance exam questions, which are related to world history. Wikipedia is used
as the main external resource for our system. Since problems with choosing
right/wrong sente... | computer science |
8,802 | A Frobenius Model of Information Structure in Categorical Compositional
Distributional Semantics | cs.CL | The categorical compositional distributional model of Coecke, Sadrzadeh and
Clark provides a linguistically motivated procedure for computing the meaning
of a sentence as a function of the distributional meaning of the words therein.
The theoretical framework allows for reasoning about compositional aspects of
language... | computer science |
8,803 | StalemateBreaker: A Proactive Content-Introducing Approach to Automatic
Human-Computer Conversation | cs.CL | Existing open-domain human-computer conversation systems are typically
passive: they either synthesize or retrieve a reply provided a human-issued
utterance. It is generally presumed that humans should take the role to lead
the conversation and introduce new content when a stalemate occurs, and that
the computer only n... | computer science |
8,804 | Exploiting Deep Semantics and Compositionality of Natural Language for
Human-Robot-Interaction | cs.AI | We develop a natural language interface for human robot interaction that
implements reasoning about deep semantics in natural language. To realize the
required deep analysis, we employ methods from cognitive linguistics, namely
the modular and compositional framework of Embodied Construction Grammar (ECG)
[Feldman, 200... | computer science |
8,805 | Concepts and Their Dynamics: A Quantum-Theoretic Modeling of Human
Thought | cs.AI | We analyze different aspects of our quantum modeling approach of human
concepts, and more specifically focus on the quantum effects of contextuality,
interference, entanglement and emergence, illustrating how each of them makes
its appearance in specific situations of the dynamics of human concepts and
their combinatio... | computer science |
8,806 | Quantum Entanglement in Concept Combinations | cs.AI | Research in the application of quantum structures to cognitive science
confirms that these structures quite systematically appear in the dynamics of
concepts and their combinations and quantum-based models faithfully represent
experimental data of situations where classical approaches are problematical.
In this paper, ... | computer science |
8,807 | Enhancing QA Systems with Complex Temporal Question Processing
Capabilities | cs.CL | This paper presents a multilayered architecture that enhances the
capabilities of current QA systems and allows different types of complex
questions or queries to be processed. The answers to these questions need to be
gathered from factual information scattered throughout different documents.
Specifically, we designed... | computer science |
8,808 | Compositional Operators in Distributional Semantics | cs.CL | This survey presents in some detail the main advances that have been recently
taking place in Computational Linguistics towards the unification of the two
prominent semantic paradigms: the compositional formal semantics view and the
distributional models of meaning based on vector spaces. After an introduction
to these... | computer science |
8,809 | Reasoning about Meaning in Natural Language with Compact Closed
Categories and Frobenius Algebras | cs.CL | Compact closed categories have found applications in modeling quantum
information protocols by Abramsky-Coecke. They also provide semantics for
Lambek's pregroup algebras, applied to formalizing the grammatical structure of
natural language, and are implicit in a distributional model of word meaning
based on vector spa... | computer science |
8,810 | Learning to Predict from Textual Data | cs.CL | Given a current news event, we tackle the problem of generating plausible
predictions of future events it might cause. We present a new methodology for
modeling and predicting such future news events using machine learning and data
mining techniques. Our Pundit algorithm generalizes examples of causality pairs
to infer... | computer science |
8,811 | Representing, reasoning and answering questions about biological
pathways - various applications | cs.AI | Biological organisms are composed of numerous interconnected biochemical
processes. Diseases occur when normal functionality of these processes is
disrupted. Thus, understanding these biochemical processes and their
interrelationships is a primary task in biomedical research and a prerequisite
for diagnosing diseases, ... | computer science |
8,812 | Kaggle LSHTC4 Winning Solution | cs.AI | Our winning submission to the 2014 Kaggle competition for Large Scale
Hierarchical Text Classification (LSHTC) consists mostly of an ensemble of
sparse generative models extending Multinomial Naive Bayes. The
base-classifiers consist of hierarchically smoothed models combining document,
label, and hierarchy level Multi... | computer science |
8,813 | A Study of Entanglement in a Categorical Framework of Natural Language | cs.CL | In both quantum mechanics and corpus linguistics based on vector spaces, the
notion of entanglement provides a means for the various subsystems to
communicate with each other. In this paper we examine a number of
implementations of the categorical framework of Coecke, Sadrzadeh and Clark
(2010) for natural language, fr... | computer science |
8,814 | On Detecting Messaging Abuse in Short Text Messages using Linguistic and
Behavioral patterns | cs.CL | The use of short text messages in social media and instant messaging has
become a popular communication channel during the last years. This rising
popularity has caused an increment in messaging threats such as spam, phishing
or malware as well as other threats. The processing of these short text message
threats could ... | computer science |
8,815 | How essential are unstructured clinical narratives and information
fusion to clinical trial recruitment? | cs.CY | Electronic health records capture patient information using structured
controlled vocabularies and unstructured narrative text. While structured data
typically encodes lab values, encounters and medication lists, unstructured
data captures the physician's interpretation of the patient's condition,
prognosis, and respon... | computer science |
8,816 | Using Latent Semantic Analysis to Identify Quality in Use (QU)
Indicators from User Reviews | cs.CL | The paper describes a novel approach to categorize users' reviews according
to the three Quality in Use (QU) indicators defined in ISO: effectiveness,
efficiency and freedom from risk. With the tremendous amount of reviews
published each day, there is a need to automatically summarize user reviews to
inform us if any o... | computer science |
8,817 | Bootstrapping incremental dialogue systems: using linguistic knowledge
to learn from minimal data | cs.CL | We present a method for inducing new dialogue systems from very small amounts
of unannotated dialogue data, showing how word-level exploration using
Reinforcement Learning (RL), combined with an incremental and semantic grammar
- Dynamic Syntax (DS) - allows systems to discover, generate, and understand
many new dialog... | computer science |
8,818 | Using Discourse Signals for Robust Instructor Intervention Prediction | cs.AI | We tackle the prediction of instructor intervention in student posts from
discussion forums in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). Our key finding is
that using automatically obtained discourse relations improves the prediction
of when instructors intervene in student discussions, when compared with a
state-of-the-art... | computer science |
8,819 | Flu Detector: Estimating influenza-like illness rates from online
user-generated content | cs.AI | We provide a brief technical description of an online platform for disease
monitoring, titled as the Flu Detector (fludetector.cs.ucl.ac.uk). Flu
Detector, in its current version (v.0.5), uses either Twitter or Google search
data in conjunction with statistical Natural Language Processing models to
estimate the rate of... | computer science |
8,820 | Web-based Semantic Similarity for Emotion Recognition in Web Objects | cs.CL | In this project we propose a new approach for emotion recognition using
web-based similarity (e.g. confidence, PMI and PMING). We aim to extract basic
emotions from short sentences with emotional content (e.g. news titles, tweets,
captions), performing a web-based quantitative evaluation of semantic proximity
between e... | computer science |
8,821 | Can a Computer Laugh ? | cs.CL | A computer model of "a sense of humour" suggested previously
[arXiv:0711.2058,0711.2061], relating the humorous effect with a specific
malfunction in information processing, is given in somewhat different
exposition. Psychological aspects of humour are elaborated more thoroughly. The
mechanism of laughter is formulated... | computer science |
8,822 | How to realize "a sense of humour" in computers ? | cs.CL | Computer model of a "sense of humour" suggested previously [arXiv:0711.2058,
0711.2061, 0711.2270] is raised to the level of a realistic algorithm. | computer science |
8,823 | A Logic-based Approach for Recognizing Textual Entailment Supported by
Ontological Background Knowledge | cs.CL | We present the architecture and the evaluation of a new system for
recognizing textual entailment (RTE). In RTE we want to identify automatically
the type of a logical relation between two input texts. In particular, we are
interested in proving the existence of an entailment between them. We conceive
our system as a m... | computer science |
8,824 | Autodetection and Classification of Hidden Cultural City Districts from
Yelp Reviews | cs.CL | Topic models are a way to discover underlying themes in an otherwise
unstructured collection of documents. In this study, we specifically used the
Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic model on a dataset of Yelp reviews to
classify restaurants based off of their reviews. Furthermore, we hypothesize
that within a city... | computer science |
8,825 | A New Efficient Method for Calculating Similarity Between Web Services | cs.AI | Web services allow communication between heterogeneous systems in a
distributed environment. Their enormous success and their increased use led to
the fact that thousands of Web services are present on the Internet. This
significant number of Web services which not cease to increase has led to
problems of the difficult... | computer science |
8,826 | Exploring Lexical, Syntactic, and Semantic Features for Chinese Textual
Entailment in NTCIR RITE Evaluation Tasks | cs.CL | We computed linguistic information at the lexical, syntactic, and semantic
levels for Recognizing Inference in Text (RITE) tasks for both traditional and
simplified Chinese in NTCIR-9 and NTCIR-10. Techniques for syntactic parsing,
named-entity recognition, and near synonym recognition were employed, and
features like ... | computer science |
8,827 | Automated Analysis and Prediction of Job Interview Performance | cs.HC | We present a computational framework for automatically quantifying verbal and
nonverbal behaviors in the context of job interviews. The proposed framework is
trained by analyzing the videos of 138 interview sessions with 69
internship-seeking undergraduates at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
(MIT). Our automa... | computer science |
8,828 | Gradual Classical Logic for Attributed Objects - Extended in
Re-Presentation | cs.AI | Our understanding about things is conceptual. By stating that we reason about
objects, it is in fact not the objects but concepts referring to them that we
manipulate. Now, so long just as we acknowledge infinitely extending notions
such as space, time, size, colour, etc, - in short, any reasonable quality -
into which... | computer science |
8,829 | Concept Extraction to Identify Adverse Drug Reactions in Medical Forums:
A Comparison of Algorithms | cs.AI | Social media is becoming an increasingly important source of information to
complement traditional pharmacovigilance methods. In order to identify signals
of potential adverse drug reactions, it is necessary to first identify medical
concepts in the social media text. Most of the existing studies use
dictionary-based m... | computer science |
8,830 | Summarization of Films and Documentaries Based on Subtitles and Scripts | cs.CL | We assess the performance of generic text summarization algorithms applied to
films and documentaries, using the well-known behavior of summarization of news
articles as reference. We use three datasets: (i) news articles, (ii) film
scripts and subtitles, and (iii) documentary subtitles. Standard ROUGE metrics
are used... | computer science |
8,831 | Emotion Analysis of Songs Based on Lyrical and Audio Features | cs.CL | In this paper, a method is proposed to detect the emotion of a song based on
its lyrical and audio features. Lyrical features are generated by segmentation
of lyrics during the process of data extraction. ANEW and WordNet knowledge is
then incorporated to compute Valence and Arousal values. In addition to this,
linguis... | computer science |
8,832 | Extreme Extraction: Only One Hour per Relation | cs.CL | Information Extraction (IE) aims to automatically generate a large knowledge
base from natural language text, but progress remains slow. Supervised learning
requires copious human annotation, while unsupervised and weakly supervised
approaches do not deliver competitive accuracy. As a result, most fielded
applications ... | computer science |
8,833 | Leverage Financial News to Predict Stock Price Movements Using Word
Embeddings and Deep Neural Networks | cs.CE | Financial news contains useful information on public companies and the
market. In this paper we apply the popular word embedding methods and deep
neural networks to leverage financial news to predict stock price movements in
the market. Experimental results have shown that our proposed methods are
simple but very effec... | computer science |
8,834 | Generating Navigable Semantic Maps from Social Sciences Corpora | cs.CL | It is now commonplace to observe that we are facing a deluge of online
information. Researchers have of course long acknowledged the potential value
of this information since digital traces make it possible to directly observe,
describe and analyze social facts, and above all the co-evolution of ideas and
communities o... | computer science |
8,835 | Replication and Generalization of PRECISE | cs.CL | This report describes an initial replication study of the PRECISE system and
develops a clearer, more formal description of the approach. Based on our
evaluation, we conclude that the PRECISE results do not fully replicate.
However the formalization developed here suggests a road map to further enhance
and extend the a... | computer science |
8,836 | Using Linguistic Analysis to Translate Arabic Natural Language Queries
to SPARQL | cs.CL | The logic-based machine-understandable framework of the Semantic Web often
challenges naive users when they try to query ontology-based knowledge bases.
Existing research efforts have approached this problem by introducing Natural
Language (NL) interfaces to ontologies. These NL interfaces have the ability to
construct... | computer science |
8,837 | Generation of Multimedia Artifacts: An Extractive Summarization-based
Approach | cs.AI | We explore methods for content selection and address the issue of coherence
in the context of the generation of multimedia artifacts. We use audio and
video to present two case studies: generation of film tributes, and
lecture-driven science talks. For content selection, we use centrality-based
and diversity-based summ... | computer science |
8,838 | A Compositional Explanation of the Pet Fish Phenomenon | cs.AI | The `pet fish' phenomenon is often cited as a paradigm example of the
`non-compositionality' of human concept use. We show here how this phenomenon
is naturally accommodated within a compositional distributional model of
meaning. This model describes the meaning of a composite concept by accounting
for interaction betw... | computer science |
8,839 | Tuned and GPU-accelerated parallel data mining from comparable corpora | cs.CL | The multilingual nature of the world makes translation a crucial requirement
today. Parallel dictionaries constructed by humans are a widely-available
resource, but they are limited and do not provide enough coverage for good
quality translation purposes, due to out-of-vocabulary words and neologisms.
This motivates th... | computer science |
8,840 | Normalization of Relative and Incomplete Temporal Expressions in
Clinical Narratives | cs.CL | We analyze the RI-TIMEXes in temporally annotated corpora and propose two
hypotheses regarding the normalization of RI-TIMEXes in the clinical narrative
domain: the anchor point hypothesis and the anchor relation hypothesis. We
annotate the RI-TIMEXes in three corpora to study the characteristics of
RI-TMEXes in differ... | computer science |
8,841 | Information retrieval in folktales using natural language processing | cs.CL | Our aim is to extract information about literary characters in unstructured
texts. We employ natural language processing and reasoning on domain
ontologies. The first task is to identify the main characters and the parts of
the story where these characters are described or act. We illustrate the system
in a scenario in... | computer science |
8,842 | Overcoming Language Variation in Sentiment Analysis with Social
Attention | cs.CL | Variation in language is ubiquitous, particularly in newer forms of writing
such as social media. Fortunately, variation is not random, it is often linked
to social properties of the author. In this paper, we show how to exploit
social networks to make sentiment analysis more robust to social language
variation. The ke... | computer science |
8,843 | Semantic Folding Theory And its Application in Semantic Fingerprinting | cs.AI | Human language is recognized as a very complex domain since decades. No
computer system has been able to reach human levels of performance so far. The
only known computational system capable of proper language processing is the
human brain. While we gather more and more data about the brain, its
fundamental computation... | computer science |
8,844 | Inferring Interpersonal Relations in Narrative Summaries | cs.CL | Characterizing relationships between people is fundamental for the
understanding of narratives. In this work, we address the problem of inferring
the polarity of relationships between people in narrative summaries. We
formulate the problem as a joint structured prediction for each narrative, and
present a model that co... | computer science |
8,845 | Sentence Entailment in Compositional Distributional Semantics | cs.CL | Distributional semantic models provide vector representations for words by
gathering co-occurrence frequencies from corpora of text. Compositional
distributional models extend these representations from words to phrases and
sentences. In categorical compositional distributional semantics these
representations are built... | computer science |
8,846 | Evaluating the Performance of a Speech Recognition based System | cs.CL | Speech based solutions have taken center stage with growth in the services
industry where there is a need to cater to a very large number of people from
all strata of the society. While natural language speech interfaces are the
talk in the research community, yet in practice, menu based speech solutions
thrive. Typica... | computer science |
8,847 | GeoTextTagger: High-Precision Location Tagging of Textual Documents
using a Natural Language Processing Approach | cs.AI | Location tagging, also known as geotagging or geolocation, is the process of
assigning geographical coordinates to input data. In this paper we present an
algorithm for location tagging of textual documents. Our approach makes use of
previous work in natural language processing by using a state-of-the-art
part-of-speec... | computer science |
8,848 | Concept Generation in Language Evolution | cs.AI | This thesis investigates the generation of new concepts from combinations of
existing concepts as a language evolves. We give a method for combining
concepts, and will be investigating the utility of composite concepts in
language evolution and thence the utility of concept generation. | computer science |
8,849 | The Utility of Hedged Assertions in the Emergence of Shared Categorical
Labels | cs.AI | We investigate the emergence of shared concepts in a community of language
users using a multi-agent simulation. We extend results showing that negated
assertions are of use in developing shared categories, to include assertions
modified by linguistic hedges. Results show that using hedged assertions
positively affects... | computer science |
8,850 | Emerging Dimension Weights in a Conceptual Spaces Model of Concept
Combination | cs.AI | We investigate the generation of new concepts from combinations of properties
as an artificial language develops. To do so, we have developed a new framework
for conjunctive concept combination. This framework gives a semantic grounding
to the weighted sum approach to concept combination seen in the literature. We
impl... | computer science |
8,851 | Spatial Concept Acquisition for a Mobile Robot that Integrates
Self-Localization and Unsupervised Word Discovery from Spoken Sentences | cs.AI | In this paper, we propose a novel unsupervised learning method for the
lexical acquisition of words related to places visited by robots, from human
continuous speech signals. We address the problem of learning novel words by a
robot that has no prior knowledge of these words except for a primitive
acoustic model. Furth... | computer science |
8,852 | A Generalised Quantifier Theory of Natural Language in Categorical
Compositional Distributional Semantics with Bialgebras | cs.CL | Categorical compositional distributional semantics is a model of natural
language; it combines the statistical vector space models of words with the
compositional models of grammar. We formalise in this model the generalised
quantifier theory of natural language, due to Barwise and Cooper. The
underlying setting is a c... | computer science |
8,853 | Scalable Text Mining with Sparse Generative Models | cs.IR | The information age has brought a deluge of data. Much of this is in text
form, insurmountable in scope for humans and incomprehensible in structure for
computers. Text mining is an expanding field of research that seeks to utilize
the information contained in vast document collections. General data mining
methods base... | computer science |
8,854 | Identifying Structures in Social Conversations in NSCLC Patients through
the Semi-Automatic extraction of Topical Taxonomies | cs.IR | The exploration of social conversations for addressing patient's needs is an
important analytical task in which many scholarly publications are contributing
to fill the knowledge gap in this area. The main difficulty remains the
inability to turn such contributions into pragmatic processes the
pharmaceutical industry c... | computer science |
8,855 | A System for Probabilistic Linking of Thesauri and Classification
Systems | cs.AI | This paper presents a system which creates and visualizes probabilistic
semantic links between concepts in a thesaurus and classes in a classification
system. For creating the links, we build on the Polylingual Labeled Topic Model
(PLL-TM). PLL-TM identifies probable thesaurus descriptors for each class in
the classifi... | computer science |
8,856 | An Improved System for Sentence-level Novelty Detection in Textual
Streams | cs.IR | Novelty detection in news events has long been a difficult problem. A number
of models performed well on specific data streams but certain issues are far
from being solved, particularly in large data streams from the WWW where
unpredictability of new terms requires adaptation in the vector space model. We
present a nov... | computer science |
8,857 | Machine Learning Techniques with Ontology for Subjective Answer
Evaluation | cs.AI | Computerized Evaluation of English Essays is performed using Machine learning
techniques like Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA), Generalized LSA, Bilingual
Evaluation Understudy and Maximum Entropy. Ontology, a concept map of domain
knowledge, can enhance the performance of these techniques. Use of Ontology
makes the eval... | computer science |
8,858 | Towards Empathetic Human-Robot Interactions | cs.CL | Since the late 1990s when speech companies began providing their
customer-service software in the market, people have gotten used to speaking to
machines. As people interact more often with voice and gesture controlled
machines, they expect the machines to recognize different emotions, and
understand other high level c... | computer science |
8,859 | Natural Language Semantics and Computability | cs.CL | This paper is a reflexion on the computability of natural language semantics.
It does not contain a new model or new results in the formal semantics of
natural language: it is rather a computational analysis of the logical models
and algorithms currently used in natural language semantics, defined as the
mapping of a s... | computer science |
8,860 | Digital Stylometry: Linking Profiles Across Social Networks | cs.SI | There is an ever growing number of users with accounts on multiple social
media and networking sites. Consequently, there is increasing interest in
matching user accounts and profiles across different social networks in order
to create aggregate profiles of users. In this paper, we present models for
Digital Stylometry... | computer science |
8,861 | Enhanced Twitter Sentiment Classification Using Contextual Information | cs.SI | The rise in popularity and ubiquity of Twitter has made sentiment analysis of
tweets an important and well-covered area of research. However, the 140
character limit imposed on tweets makes it hard to use standard linguistic
methods for sentiment classification. On the other hand, what tweets lack in
structure they mak... | computer science |
8,862 | Dimension Projection among Languages based on Pseudo-relevant Documents
for Query Translation | cs.IR | Using top-ranked documents in response to a query has been shown to be an
effective approach to improve the quality of query translation in
dictionary-based cross-language information retrieval. In this paper, we
propose a new method for dictionary-based query translation based on dimension
projection of embedded vecto... | computer science |
8,863 | Automatic Extraction of Causal Relations from Natural Language Texts: A
Comprehensive Survey | cs.AI | Automatic extraction of cause-effect relationships from natural language
texts is a challenging open problem in Artificial Intelligence. Most of the
early attempts at its solution used manually constructed linguistic and
syntactic rules on small and domain-specific data sets. However, with the
advent of big data, the a... | computer science |
8,864 | Determining the Characteristic Vocabulary for a Specialized Dictionary
using Word2vec and a Directed Crawler | cs.CL | Specialized dictionaries are used to understand concepts in specific domains,
especially where those concepts are not part of the general vocabulary, or
having meanings that differ from ordinary languages. The first step in creating
a specialized dictionary involves detecting the characteristic vocabulary of
the domain... | computer science |
8,865 | Coordination in Categorical Compositional Distributional Semantics | cs.CL | An open problem with categorical compositional distributional semantics is
the representation of words that are considered semantically vacuous from a
distributional perspective, such as determiners, prepositions, relative
pronouns or coordinators. This paper deals with the topic of coordination
between identical synta... | computer science |
8,866 | WordNet2Vec: Corpora Agnostic Word Vectorization Method | cs.CL | A complex nature of big data resources demands new methods for structuring
especially for textual content. WordNet is a good knowledge source for
comprehensive abstraction of natural language as its good implementations exist
for many languages. Since WordNet embeds natural language in the form of a
complex network, a ... | computer science |
8,867 | Product Classification in E-Commerce using Distributional Semantics | cs.AI | Product classification is the task of automatically predicting a taxonomy
path for a product in a predefined taxonomy hierarchy given a textual product
description or title. For efficient product classification we require a
suitable representation for a document (the textual description of a product)
feature vector and... | computer science |
8,868 | Emulating Human Conversations using Convolutional Neural Network-based
IR | cs.AI | Conversational agents ("bots") are beginning to be widely used in
conversational interfaces. To design a system that is capable of emulating
human-like interactions, a conversational layer that can serve as a fabric for
chat-like interaction with the agent is needed. In this paper, we introduce a
model that employs Inf... | computer science |
8,869 | Automated Extraction of Number of Subjects in Randomised Controlled
Trials | cs.AI | We present a simple approach for automatically extracting the number of
subjects involved in randomised controlled trials (RCT). Our approach first
applies a set of rule-based techniques to extract candidate study sizes from
the abstracts of the articles. Supervised classification is then performed over
the candidates ... | computer science |
8,870 | Enriching Linked Datasets with New Object Properties | cs.DB | Although several RDF knowledge bases are available through the LOD
initiative, the ontology schema of such linked datasets is not very rich. In
particular, they lack object properties. The problem of finding new object
properties (and their instances) between any two given classes has not been
investigated in detail in... | computer science |
8,871 | A Game-Theoretic Approach to Word Sense Disambiguation | cs.AI | This paper presents a new model for word sense disambiguation formulated in
terms of evolutionary game theory, where each word to be disambiguated is
represented as a node on a graph whose edges represent word relations and
senses are represented as classes. The words simultaneously update their class
membership prefer... | computer science |
8,872 | Scalable Semantic Matching of Queries to Ads in Sponsored Search
Advertising | cs.IR | Sponsored search represents a major source of revenue for web search engines.
This popular advertising model brings a unique possibility for advertisers to
target users' immediate intent communicated through a search query, usually by
displaying their ads alongside organic search results for queries deemed
relevant to ... | computer science |
8,873 | Document Clustering Games in Static and Dynamic Scenarios | cs.AI | In this work we propose a game theoretic model for document clustering. Each
document to be clustered is represented as a player and each cluster as a
strategy. The players receive a reward interacting with other players that they
try to maximize choosing their best strategies. The geometry of the data is
modeled with ... | computer science |
8,874 | Analysis of opinionated text for opinion mining | cs.CL | In sentiment analysis, the polarities of the opinions expressed on an
object/feature are determined to assess the sentiment of a sentence or document
whether it is positive/negative/neutral. Naturally, the object/feature is a
noun representation which refers to a product or a component of a product, let
us say, the "le... | computer science |
8,875 | Is spoken language all-or-nothing? Implications for future speech-based
human-machine interaction | cs.HC | Recent years have seen significant market penetration for voice-based
personal assistants such as Apple's Siri. However, despite this success, user
take-up is frustratingly low. This position paper argues that there is a
habitability gap caused by the inevitable mismatch between the capabilities and
expectations of hum... | computer science |
8,876 | Novel Word Embedding and Translation-based Language Modeling for
Extractive Speech Summarization | cs.CL | Word embedding methods revolve around learning continuous distributed vector
representations of words with neural networks, which can capture semantic
and/or syntactic cues, and in turn be used to induce similarity measures among
words, sentences and documents in context. Celebrated methods can be
categorized as predic... | computer science |
8,877 | Processing Natural Language About Ongoing Actions | cs.AI | Actions may not proceed as planned; they may be interrupted, resumed or
overridden. This is a challenge to handle in a natural language understanding
system. We describe extensions to an existing implementation for the control of
autonomous systems by natural language, to enable such systems to handle
incoming language... | computer science |
8,878 | OntoCat: Automatically categorizing knowledge in API Documentation | cs.SE | Most application development happens in the context of complex APIs;
reference documentation for APIs has grown tremendously in variety, complexity,
and volume, and can be difficult to navigate. There is a growing need to
develop well-organized ways to access the knowledge latent in the
documentation; several research ... | computer science |
8,879 | The DLVHEX System for Knowledge Representation: Recent Advances (System
Description) | cs.CL | The DLVHEX system implements the HEX-semantics, which integrates answer set
programming (ASP) with arbitrary external sources. Since its first release ten
years ago, significant advancements were achieved. Most importantly, the
exploitation of properties of external sources led to efficiency improvements
and flexibilit... | computer science |
8,880 | Keyphrase Extraction using Sequential Labeling | cs.CL | Keyphrases efficiently summarize a document's content and are used in various
document processing and retrieval tasks. Several unsupervised techniques and
classifiers exist for extracting keyphrases from text documents. Most of these
methods operate at a phrase-level and rely on part-of-speech (POS) filters for
candida... | computer science |
8,881 | Proceedings of the 2016 Workshop on Semantic Spaces at the Intersection
of NLP, Physics and Cognitive Science | cs.CL | This volume contains the Proceedings of the 2016 Workshop on Semantic Spaces
at the Intersection of NLP, Physics and Cognitive Science (SLPCS 2016), which
was held on the 11th of June at the University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, and was
co-located with Quantum Physics and Logic (QPL 2016). Exploiting the common
ground pr... | computer science |
8,882 | Interacting Conceptual Spaces | cs.AI | We propose applying the categorical compositional scheme of [6] to conceptual
space models of cognition. In order to do this we introduce the category of
convex relations as a new setting for categorical compositional semantics,
emphasizing the convex structure important to conceptual space applications. We
show how co... | computer science |
8,883 | Quantifier Scope in Categorical Compositional Distributional Semantics | cs.CL | In previous work with J. Hedges, we formalised a generalised quantifiers
theory of natural language in categorical compositional distributional
semantics with the help of bialgebras. In this paper, we show how quantifier
scope ambiguity can be represented in that setting and how this representation
can be generalised t... | computer science |
8,884 | Compositional Distributional Cognition | cs.AI | We accommodate the Integrated Connectionist/Symbolic Architecture (ICS) of
[32] within the categorical compositional semantics (CatCo) of [13], forming a
model of categorical compositional cognition (CatCog). This resolves intrinsic
problems with ICS such as the fact that representations inhabit an unbounded
space and ... | computer science |
8,885 | Determining Health Utilities through Data Mining of Social Media | cs.CL | 'Health utilities' measure patient preferences for perfect health compared to
specific unhealthy states, such as asthma, a fractured hip, or colon cancer.
When integrated over time, these estimations are called quality adjusted life
years (QALYs). Until now, characterizing health utilities (HUs) required
detailed patie... | computer science |
8,886 | Towards Music Captioning: Generating Music Playlist Descriptions | cs.MM | Descriptions are often provided along with recommendations to help users'
discovery. Recommending automatically generated music playlists (e.g.
personalised playlists) introduces the problem of generating descriptions. In
this paper, we propose a method for generating music playlist descriptions,
which is called as mus... | computer science |
8,887 | Learning Latent Vector Spaces for Product Search | cs.IR | We introduce a novel latent vector space model that jointly learns the latent
representations of words, e-commerce products and a mapping between the two
without the need for explicit annotations. The power of the model lies in its
ability to directly model the discriminative relation between products and a
particular ... | computer science |
8,888 | What is Wrong with Topic Modeling? (and How to Fix it Using Search-based
Software Engineering) | cs.SE | Context: Topic modeling finds human-readable structures in unstructured
textual data. A widely used topic modeler is Latent Dirichlet allocation. When
run on different datasets, LDA suffers from "order effects" i.e. different
topics are generated if the order of training data is shuffled. Such order
effects introduce a... | computer science |
8,889 | The Semantic Knowledge Graph: A compact, auto-generated model for
real-time traversal and ranking of any relationship within a domain | cs.IR | This paper describes a new kind of knowledge representation and mining system
which we are calling the Semantic Knowledge Graph. At its heart, the Semantic
Knowledge Graph leverages an inverted index, along with a complementary
uninverted index, to represent nodes (terms) and edges (the documents within
intersecting po... | computer science |
8,890 | Long-Term Trends in the Public Perception of Artificial Intelligence | cs.CL | Analyses of text corpora over time can reveal trends in beliefs, interest,
and sentiment about a topic. We focus on views expressed about artificial
intelligence (AI) in the New York Times over a 30-year period. General
interest, awareness, and discussion about AI has waxed and waned since the
field was founded in 1956... | computer science |
8,891 | Hierarchical Memory Networks for Answer Selection on Unknown Words | cs.IR | Recently, end-to-end memory networks have shown promising results on Question
Answering task, which encode the past facts into an explicit memory and perform
reasoning ability by making multiple computational steps on the memory.
However, memory networks conduct the reasoning on sentence-level memory to
output coarse s... | computer science |
8,892 | Automated Big Text Security Classification | cs.CR | In recent years, traditional cybersecurity safeguards have proven ineffective
against insider threats. Famous cases of sensitive information leaks caused by
insiders, including the WikiLeaks release of diplomatic cables and the Edward
Snowden incident, have greatly harmed the U.S. government's relationship with
other g... | computer science |
8,893 | Introduction: Cognitive Issues in Natural Language Processing | cs.CL | This special issue is dedicated to get a better picture of the relationships
between computational linguistics and cognitive science. It specifically raises
two questions: "what is the potential contribution of computational language
modeling to cognitive science?" and conversely: "what is the influence of
cognitive sc... | computer science |
8,894 | Self-Wiring Question Answering Systems | cs.AI | Question answering (QA) has been the subject of a resurgence over the past
years. The said resurgence has led to a multitude of question answering (QA)
systems being developed both by companies and research facilities. While a few
components of QA systems get reused across implementations, most systems do not
leverage ... | computer science |
8,895 | Neural Networks Models for Entity Discovery and Linking | cs.CL | This paper describes the USTC_NELSLIP systems submitted to the Trilingual
Entity Detection and Linking (EDL) track in 2016 TAC Knowledge Base Population
(KBP) contests. We have built two systems for entity discovery and mention
detection (MD): one uses the conditional RNNLM and the other one uses the
attention-based en... | computer science |
8,896 | PCT and Beyond: Towards a Computational Framework for `Intelligent'
Communicative Systems | cs.AI | Recent years have witnessed increasing interest in the potential benefits of
`intelligent' autonomous machines such as robots. Honda's Asimo humanoid robot,
iRobot's Roomba robot vacuum cleaner and Google's driverless cars have fired
the imagination of the general public, and social media buzz with speculation
about a ... | computer science |
8,897 | Generating machine-executable plans from end-user's natural-language
instructions | cs.AI | It is critical for advanced manufacturing machines to autonomously execute a
task by following an end-user's natural language (NL) instructions. However, NL
instructions are usually ambiguous and abstract so that the machines may
misunderstand and incorrectly execute the task. To address this NL-based
human-machine com... | computer science |
8,898 | Analyzing Features for the Detection of Happy Endings in German Novels | cs.IR | With regard to a computational representation of literary plot, this paper
looks at the use of sentiment analysis for happy ending detection in German
novels. Its focus lies on the investigation of previously proposed sentiment
features in order to gain insight about the relevance of specific features on
the one hand a... | computer science |
8,899 | Learning Concept Hierarchies through Probabilistic Topic Modeling | cs.AI | With the advent of semantic web, various tools and techniques have been
introduced for presenting and organizing knowledge. Concept hierarchies are one
such technique which gained significant attention due to its usefulness in
creating domain ontologies that are considered as an integral part of semantic
web. Automated... | computer science |
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