Unnamed: 0
int64
0
41k
title
stringlengths
4
274
category
stringlengths
5
18
summary
stringlengths
22
3.66k
theme
stringclasses
8 values
8,900
Just an Update on PMING Distance for Web-based Semantic Similarity in Artificial Intelligence and Data Mining
cs.AI
One of the main problems that emerges in the classic approach to semantics is the difficulty in acquisition and maintenance of ontologies and semantic annotations. On the other hand, the Internet explosion and the massive diffusion of mobile smart devices lead to the creation of a worldwide system, which information is...
computer science
8,901
Semantic Evolutionary Concept Distances for Effective Information Retrieval in Query Expansion
cs.IR
In this work several semantic approaches to concept-based query expansion and reranking schemes are studied and compared with different ontology-based expansion methods in web document search and retrieval. In particular, we focus on concept-based query expansion schemes, where, in order to effectively increase the pre...
computer science
8,902
Systems of natural-language-facilitated human-robot cooperation: A review
cs.RO
Natural-language-facilitated human-robot cooperation (NLC), in which natural language (NL) is used to share knowledge between a human and a robot for conducting intuitive human-robot cooperation (HRC), is continuously developing in the recent decade. Currently, NLC is used in several robotic domains such as manufacturi...
computer science
8,903
A Review of Methodologies for Natural-Language-Facilitated Human-Robot Cooperation
cs.RO
Natural-language-facilitated human-robot cooperation (NLC) refers to using natural language (NL) to facilitate interactive information sharing and task executions with a common goal constraint between robots and humans. Recently, NLC research has received increasing attention. Typical NLC scenarios include robotic dail...
computer science
8,904
Offline bilingual word vectors, orthogonal transformations and the inverted softmax
cs.CL
Usually bilingual word vectors are trained "online". Mikolov et al. showed they can also be found "offline", whereby two pre-trained embeddings are aligned with a linear transformation, using dictionaries compiled from expert knowledge. In this work, we prove that the linear transformation between two spaces should be ...
computer science
8,905
Learning Conversational Systems that Interleave Task and Non-Task Content
cs.CL
Task-oriented dialog systems have been applied in various tasks, such as automated personal assistants, customer service providers and tutors. These systems work well when users have clear and explicit intentions that are well-aligned to the systems' capabilities. However, they fail if users intentions are not explicit...
computer science
8,906
DAWT: Densely Annotated Wikipedia Texts across multiple languages
cs.IR
In this work, we open up the DAWT dataset - Densely Annotated Wikipedia Texts across multiple languages. The annotations include labeled text mentions mapping to entities (represented by their Freebase machine ids) as well as the type of the entity. The data set contains total of 13.6M articles, 5.0B tokens, 13.8M ment...
computer science
8,907
Sound-Word2Vec: Learning Word Representations Grounded in Sounds
cs.CL
To be able to interact better with humans, it is crucial for machines to understand sound - a primary modality of human perception. Previous works have used sound to learn embeddings for improved generic textual similarity assessment. In this work, we treat sound as a first-class citizen, studying downstream textual ta...
computer science
8,908
Unsupervised Learning of Sentence Embeddings using Compositional n-Gram Features
cs.CL
The recent tremendous success of unsupervised word embeddings in a multitude of applications raises the obvious question if similar methods could be derived to improve embeddings (i.e. semantic representations) of word sequences as well. We present a simple but efficient unsupervised objective to train distributed repr...
computer science
8,909
Applying the Wizard-of-Oz Technique to Multimodal Human-Robot Dialogue
cs.CL
Our overall program objective is to provide more natural ways for soldiers to interact and communicate with robots, much like how soldiers communicate with other soldiers today. We describe how the Wizard-of-Oz (WOz) method can be applied to multimodal human-robot dialogue in a collaborative exploration task. While the...
computer science
8,910
High-Throughput and Language-Agnostic Entity Disambiguation and Linking on User Generated Data
cs.IR
The Entity Disambiguation and Linking (EDL) task matches entity mentions in text to a unique Knowledge Base (KB) identifier such as a Wikipedia or Freebase id. It plays a critical role in the construction of a high quality information network, and can be further leveraged for a variety of information retrieval and NLP ...
computer science
8,911
Towards a Quantum World Wide Web
cs.AI
We elaborate a quantum model for the meaning associated with corpora of written documents, like the pages forming the World Wide Web. To that end, we are guided by how physicists constructed quantum theory for microscopic entities, which unlike classical objects cannot be fully represented in our spatial theater. We su...
computer science
8,912
An overview of embedding models of entities and relationships for knowledge base completion
cs.CL
Knowledge bases (KBs) of real-world facts about entities and their relationships are useful resources for a variety of natural language processing tasks. However, because knowledge bases are typically incomplete, it is useful to be able to perform knowledge base completion or link prediction, i.e., predict whether a re...
computer science
8,913
Calendar.help: Designing a Workflow-Based Scheduling Agent with Humans in the Loop
cs.HC
Although information workers may complain about meetings, they are an essential part of their work life. Consequently, busy people spend a significant amount of time scheduling meetings. We present Calendar.help, a system that provides fast, efficient scheduling through structured workflows. Users interact with the sys...
computer science
8,914
Unsupervised Event Abstraction using Pattern Abstraction and Local Process Models
cs.DB
Process mining analyzes business processes based on events stored in event logs. However, some recorded events may correspond to activities on a very low level of abstraction. When events are recorded on a too low level of granularity, process discovery methods tend to generate overgeneralizing process models. Grouping...
computer science
8,915
Real-time On-Demand Crowd-powered Entity Extraction
cs.HC
Output-agreement mechanisms such as ESP Game have been widely used in human computation to obtain reliable human-generated labels. In this paper, we argue that a "time-limited" output-agreement mechanism can be used to create a fast and robust crowd-powered component in interactive systems, particularly dialogue system...
computer science
8,916
Online Spatial Concept and Lexical Acquisition with Simultaneous Localization and Mapping
cs.AI
In this paper, we propose an online learning algorithm based on a Rao-Blackwellized particle filter for spatial concept acquisition and mapping. We have proposed a nonparametric Bayesian spatial concept acquisition model (SpCoA). We propose a novel method (SpCoSLAM) integrating SpCoA and FastSLAM in the theoretical fra...
computer science
8,917
25 Tweets to Know You: A New Model to Predict Personality with Social Media
cs.SI
Predicting personality is essential for social applications supporting human-centered activities, yet prior modeling methods with users written text require too much input data to be realistically used in the context of social media. In this work, we aim to drastically reduce the data requirement for personality modeli...
computer science
8,918
280 Birds with One Stone: Inducing Multilingual Taxonomies from Wikipedia using Character-level Classification
cs.CL
We propose a simple, yet effective, approach towards inducing multilingual taxonomies from Wikipedia. Given an English taxonomy, our approach leverages the interlanguage links of Wikipedia followed by character-level classifiers to induce high-precision, high-coverage taxonomies in other languages. Through experiments,...
computer science
8,919
Taxonomy Induction using Hypernym Subsequences
cs.AI
We propose a novel, semi-supervised approach towards domain taxonomy induction from an input vocabulary of seed terms. Unlike all previous approaches, which typically extract direct hypernym edges for terms, our approach utilizes a novel probabilistic framework to extract hypernym subsequences. Taxonomy induction from ...
computer science
8,920
Quantifying Mental Health from Social Media with Neural User Embeddings
cs.CL
Mental illnesses adversely affect a significant proportion of the population worldwide. However, the methods traditionally used for estimating and characterizing the prevalence of mental health conditions are time-consuming and expensive. Consequently, best-available estimates concerning the prevalence of mental health...
computer science
8,921
From Imitation to Prediction, Data Compression vs Recurrent Neural Networks for Natural Language Processing
cs.CL
In recent studies [1][13][12] Recurrent Neural Networks were used for generative processes and their surprising performance can be explained by their ability to create good predictions. In addition, data compression is also based on predictions. What the problem comes down to is whether a data compressor could be used ...
computer science
8,922
Semantic Entity Retrieval Toolkit
cs.CL
Unsupervised learning of low-dimensional, semantic representations of words and entities has recently gained attention. In this paper we describe the Semantic Entity Retrieval Toolkit (SERT) that provides implementations of our previously published entity representation models. The toolkit provides a unified interface ...
computer science
8,923
Bib2vec: An Embedding-based Search System for Bibliographic Information
cs.CL
We propose a novel embedding model that represents relationships among several elements in bibliographic information with high representation ability and flexibility. Based on this model, we present a novel search system that shows the relationships among the elements in the ACL Anthology Reference Corpus. The evaluati...
computer science
8,924
Sentiment Identification in Code-Mixed Social Media Text
cs.CL
Sentiment analysis is the Natural Language Processing (NLP) task dealing with the detection and classification of sentiments in texts. While some tasks deal with identifying the presence of sentiment in the text (Subjectivity analysis), other tasks aim at determining the polarity of the text categorizing them as positi...
computer science
8,925
A Brief Survey of Text Mining: Classification, Clustering and Extraction Techniques
cs.CL
The amount of text that is generated every day is increasing dramatically. This tremendous volume of mostly unstructured text cannot be simply processed and perceived by computers. Therefore, efficient and effective techniques and algorithms are required to discover useful patterns. Text mining is the task of extractin...
computer science
8,926
Neural Networks for Information Retrieval
cs.IR
Machine learning plays a role in many aspects of modern IR systems, and deep learning is applied in all of them. The fast pace of modern-day research has given rise to many different approaches for many different IR problems. The amount of information available can be overwhelming both for junior students and for exper...
computer science
8,927
Lithium NLP: A System for Rich Information Extraction from Noisy User Generated Text on Social Media
cs.AI
In this paper, we describe the Lithium Natural Language Processing (NLP) system - a resource-constrained, high- throughput and language-agnostic system for information extraction from noisy user generated text on social media. Lithium NLP extracts a rich set of information including entities, topics, hashtags and senti...
computer science
8,928
The Power of Constraint Grammars Revisited
cs.FL
Sequential Constraint Grammar (SCG) (Karlsson, 1990) and its extensions have lacked clear connections to formal language theory. The purpose of this article is to lay a foundation for these connections by simplifying the definition of strings processed by the grammar and by showing that Nonmonotonic SCG is undecidable ...
computer science
8,929
Grounding Spatio-Semantic Referring Expressions for Human-Robot Interaction
cs.RO
The human language is one of the most natural interfaces for humans to interact with robots. This paper presents a robot system that retrieves everyday objects with unconstrained natural language descriptions. A core issue for the system is semantic and spatial grounding, which is to infer objects and their spatial rel...
computer science
8,930
Structural Regularities in Text-based Entity Vector Spaces
cs.IR
Entity retrieval is the task of finding entities such as people or products in response to a query, based solely on the textual documents they are associated with. Recent semantic entity retrieval algorithms represent queries and experts in finite-dimensional vector spaces, where both are constructed from text sequence...
computer science
8,931
Neural Rating Regression with Abstractive Tips Generation for Recommendation
cs.CL
Recently, some E-commerce sites launch a new interaction box called Tips on their mobile apps. Users can express their experience and feelings or provide suggestions using short texts typically several words or one sentence. In essence, writing some tips and giving a numerical rating are two facets of a user's product ...
computer science
8,932
The UMD Neural Machine Translation Systems at WMT17 Bandit Learning Task
cs.CL
We describe the University of Maryland machine translation systems submitted to the WMT17 German-English Bandit Learning Task. The task is to adapt a translation system to a new domain, using only bandit feedback: the system receives a German sentence to translate, produces an English sentence, and only gets a scalar s...
computer science
8,933
Generative Statistical Models with Self-Emergent Grammar of Chord Sequences
cs.AI
Generative statistical models of chord sequences play crucial roles in music processing. To capture syntactic similarities among certain chords (e.g. in C major key, between G and G7 and between F and Dm), we study hidden Markov models and probabilistic context-free grammar models with latent variables describing synta...
computer science
8,934
"Is there anything else I can help you with?": Challenges in Deploying an On-Demand Crowd-Powered Conversational Agent
cs.HC
Intelligent conversational assistants, such as Apple's Siri, Microsoft's Cortana, and Amazon's Echo, have quickly become a part of our digital life. However, these assistants have major limitations, which prevents users from conversing with them as they would with human dialog partners. This limits our ability to obser...
computer science
8,935
Learning to Attend, Copy, and Generate for Session-Based Query Suggestion
cs.IR
Users try to articulate their complex information needs during search sessions by reformulating their queries. To make this process more effective, search engines provide related queries to help users in specifying the information need in their search process. In this paper, we propose a customized sequence-to-sequence...
computer science
8,936
Automatic Summarization of Online Debates
cs.CL
Debate summarization is one of the novel and challenging research areas in automatic text summarization which has been largely unexplored. In this paper, we develop a debate summarization pipeline to summarize key topics which are discussed or argued in the two opposing sides of online debates. We view that the generat...
computer science
8,937
Gold Standard Online Debates Summaries and First Experiments Towards Automatic Summarization of Online Debate Data
cs.CL
Usage of online textual media is steadily increasing. Daily, more and more news stories, blog posts and scientific articles are added to the online volumes. These are all freely accessible and have been employed extensively in multiple research areas, e.g. automatic text summarization, information retrieval, informatio...
computer science
8,938
Cross-lingual Entity Alignment via Joint Attribute-Preserving Embedding
cs.CL
Entity alignment is the task of finding entities in two knowledge bases (KBs) that represent the same real-world object. When facing KBs in different natural languages, conventional cross-lingual entity alignment methods rely on machine translation to eliminate the language barriers. These approaches often suffer from ...
computer science
8,939
An Improved Residual LSTM Architecture for Acoustic Modeling
cs.CL
Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is the primary recurrent neural networks architecture for acoustic modeling in automatic speech recognition systems. Residual learning is an efficient method to help neural networks converge easier and faster. In this paper, we propose several types of residual LSTM methods for our acousti...
computer science
8,940
Efficient Online Inference for Infinite Evolutionary Cluster models with Applications to Latent Social Event Discovery
cs.AI
The Recurrent Chinese Restaurant Process (RCRP) is a powerful statistical method for modeling evolving clusters in large scale social media data. With the RCRP, one can allow both the number of clusters and the cluster parameters in a model to change over time. However, application of the RCRP has largely been limited ...
computer science
8,941
Classification of Radiology Reports Using Neural Attention Models
cs.CL
The electronic health record (EHR) contains a large amount of multi-dimensional and unstructured clinical data of significant operational and research value. Distinguished from previous studies, our approach embraces a double-annotated dataset and strays away from obscure "black-box" models to comprehensive deep learni...
computer science
8,942
Generating Query Suggestions to Support Task-Based Search
cs.IR
We address the problem of generating query suggestions to support users in completing their underlying tasks (which motivated them to search in the first place). Given an initial query, these query suggestions should provide a coverage of possible subtasks the user might be looking for. We propose a probabilistic model...
computer science
8,943
On Type-Aware Entity Retrieval
cs.IR
Today, the practice of returning entities from a knowledge base in response to search queries has become widespread. One of the distinctive characteristics of entities is that they are typed, i.e., assigned to some hierarchically organized type system (type taxonomy). The primary objective of this paper is to gain a be...
computer science
8,944
Algorithms and Architecture for Real-time Recommendations at News UK
cs.IR
Recommendation systems are recognised as being hugely important in industry, and the area is now well understood. At News UK, there is a requirement to be able to quickly generate recommendations for users on news items as they are published. However, little has been published about systems that can generate recommenda...
computer science
8,945
SKOS Concepts and Natural Language Concepts: an Analysis of Latent Relationships in KOSs
cs.DL
The vehicle to represent Knowledge Organization Systems (KOSs) in the environment of the Semantic Web and linked data is the Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS). SKOS provides a way to assign a URI to each concept, and this URI functions as a surrogate for the concept. This fact makes of main concern the need t...
computer science
8,946
Doctoral Advisor or Medical Condition: Towards Entity-specific Rankings of Knowledge Base Properties [Extended Version]
cs.IR
In knowledge bases such as Wikidata, it is possible to assert a large set of properties for entities, ranging from generic ones such as name and place of birth to highly profession-specific or background-specific ones such as doctoral advisor or medical condition. Determining a preference or ranking in this large set i...
computer science
8,947
WHY: Natural Explanations from a Robot Navigator
cs.AI
Effective collaboration between a robot and a person requires natural communication. When a robot travels with a human companion, the robot should be able to explain its navigation behavior in natural language. This paper explains how a cognitively-based, autonomous robot navigation system produces informative, intuiti...
computer science
8,948
Measurement Context Extraction from Text: Discovering Opportunities and Gaps in Earth Science
cs.IR
We propose Marve, a system for extracting measurement values, units, and related words from natural language text. Marve uses conditional random fields (CRF) to identify measurement values and units, followed by a rule-based system to find related entities, descriptors and modifiers within a sentence. Sentence tokens a...
computer science
8,949
A retrieval-based dialogue system utilizing utterance and context embeddings
cs.CL
Finding semantically rich and computer-understandable representations for textual dialogues, utterances and words is crucial for dialogue systems (or conversational agents), as their performance mostly depends on understanding the context of conversations. Recent research aims at finding distributed vector representati...
computer science
8,950
Laying Down the Yellow Brick Road: Development of a Wizard-of-Oz Interface for Collecting Human-Robot Dialogue
cs.CL
We describe the adaptation and refinement of a graphical user interface designed to facilitate a Wizard-of-Oz (WoZ) approach to collecting human-robot dialogue data. The data collected will be used to develop a dialogue system for robot navigation. Building on an interface previously used in the development of dialogue...
computer science
8,951
Spoken Language Biomarkers for Detecting Cognitive Impairment
cs.AI
In this study we developed an automated system that evaluates speech and language features from audio recordings of neuropsychological examinations of 92 subjects in the Framingham Heart Study. A total of 265 features were used in an elastic-net regularized binomial logistic regression model to classify the presence of...
computer science
8,952
Multilingual Speech Recognition With A Single End-To-End Model
eess.AS
Training a conventional automatic speech recognition (ASR) system to support multiple languages is challenging because the sub-word unit, lexicon and word inventories are typically language specific. In contrast, sequence-to-sequence models are well suited for multilingual ASR because they encapsulate an acoustic, pron...
computer science
8,953
On the incorporation of interval-valued fuzzy sets into the Bousi-Prolog system: declarative semantics, implementation and applications
cs.AI
In this paper we analyse the benefits of incorporating interval-valued fuzzy sets into the Bousi-Prolog system. A syntax, declarative semantics and im- plementation for this extension is presented and formalised. We show, by using potential applications, that fuzzy logic programming frameworks enhanced with them can co...
computer science
8,954
SQLNet: Generating Structured Queries From Natural Language Without Reinforcement Learning
cs.CL
Synthesizing SQL queries from natural language is a long-standing open problem and has been attracting considerable interest recently. Toward solving the problem, the de facto approach is to employ a sequence-to-sequence-style model. Such an approach will necessarily require the SQL queries to be serialized. Since the ...
computer science
8,955
Targeted Advertising Based on Browsing History
cs.IR
Audience interest, demography, purchase behavior and other possible classifications are ex- tremely important factors to be carefully studied in a targeting campaign. This information can help advertisers and publishers deliver advertisements to the right audience group. How- ever, it is not easy to collect such inform...
computer science
8,956
Phonemic and Graphemic Multilingual CTC Based Speech Recognition
eess.AS
Training automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems requires large amounts of data in the target language in order to achieve good performance. Whereas large training corpora are readily available for languages like English, there exists a long tail of languages which do suffer from a lack of resources. One method to h...
computer science
8,957
Multilingual Adaptation of RNN Based ASR Systems
eess.AS
In this work, we focus on multilingual systems based on recurrent neural networks (RNNs), trained using the Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) loss function. Using a multilingual set of acoustic units poses difficulties. To address this issue, we proposed Language Feature Vectors (LFVs) to train language adapt...
computer science
8,958
Remedies against the Vocabulary Gap in Information Retrieval
cs.IR
Search engines rely heavily on term-based approaches that represent queries and documents as bags of words. Text---a document or a query---is represented by a bag of its words that ignores grammar and word order, but retains word frequency counts. When presented with a search query, the engine then ranks documents acco...
computer science
8,959
Cross Temporal Recurrent Networks for Ranking Question Answer Pairs
cs.CL
Temporal gates play a significant role in modern recurrent-based neural encoders, enabling fine-grained control over recursive compositional operations over time. In recurrent models such as the long short-term memory (LSTM), temporal gates control the amount of information retained or discarded over time, not only pla...
computer science
8,960
Calculating Semantic Similarity between Academic Articles using Topic Event and Ontology
cs.CL
Determining semantic similarity between academic documents is crucial to many tasks such as plagiarism detection, automatic technical survey and semantic search. Current studies mostly focus on semantic similarity between concepts, sentences and short text fragments. However, document-level semantic matching is still b...
computer science
8,961
An analysis of incorporating an external language model into a sequence-to-sequence model
eess.AS
Attention-based sequence-to-sequence models for automatic speech recognition jointly train an acoustic model, language model, and alignment mechanism. Thus, the language model component is only trained on transcribed audio-text pairs. This leads to the use of shallow fusion with an external language model at inference ...
computer science
8,962
A Deep Network Model for Paraphrase Detection in Short Text Messages
cs.IR
This paper is concerned with paraphrase detection. The ability to detect similar sentences written in natural language is crucial for several applications, such as text mining, text summarization, plagiarism detection, authorship authentication and question answering. Given two sentences, the objective is to detect whe...
computer science
8,963
FlagIt: A System for Minimally Supervised Human Trafficking Indicator Mining
cs.CY
In this paper, we describe and study the indicator mining problem in the online sex advertising domain. We present an in-development system, FlagIt (Flexible and adaptive generation of Indicators from text), which combines the benefits of both a lightweight expert system and classical semi-supervision (heuristic re-lab...
computer science
8,964
Social Emotion Mining Techniques for Facebook Posts Reaction Prediction
cs.AI
As of February 2016 Facebook allows users to express their experienced emotions about a post by using five so-called `reactions'. This research paper proposes and evaluates alternative methods for predicting these reactions to user posts on public pages of firms/companies (like supermarket chains). For this purpose, we...
computer science
8,965
Relation Extraction : A Survey
cs.CL
With the advent of the Internet, large amount of digital text is generated everyday in the form of news articles, research publications, blogs, question answering forums and social media. It is important to develop techniques for extracting information automatically from these documents, as lot of important information...
computer science
8,966
Learning to Attend via Word-Aspect Associative Fusion for Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis
cs.CL
Aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) tries to predict the polarity of a given document with respect to a given aspect entity. While neural network architectures have been successful in predicting the overall polarity of sentences, aspect-specific sentiment analysis still remains as an open problem. In this paper, we ...
computer science
8,967
Toward Continual Learning for Conversational Agents
cs.CL
While end-to-end neural conversation models have led to promising advances in reducing hand-crafted features and errors induced by the traditional complex system architecture, they typically require an enormous amount of data due to the lack of modularity. Previous studies adopted a hybrid approach with knowledge-based...
computer science
8,968
Learning Continuous User Representations through Hybrid Filtering with doc2vec
cs.IR
Players in the online ad ecosystem are struggling to acquire the user data required for precise targeting. Audience look-alike modeling has the potential to alleviate this issue, but models' performance strongly depends on quantity and quality of available data. In order to maximize the predictive performance of our lo...
computer science
8,969
Beyond Word Embeddings: Learning Entity and Concept Representations from Large Scale Knowledge Bases
cs.CL
Text representation using neural word embeddings has proven efficacy in many NLP applications. Recently, a lot of research interest goes beyond word embeddings by adapting the traditional word embedding models to learn vectors of multiword expressions (concepts/entities). However, current methods are limited to textual...
computer science
8,970
Trading the Twitter Sentiment with Reinforcement Learning
cs.AI
This paper is to explore the possibility to use alternative data and artificial intelligence techniques to trade stocks. The efficacy of the daily Twitter sentiment on predicting the stock return is examined using machine learning methods. Reinforcement learning(Q-learning) is applied to generate the optimal trading po...
computer science
8,971
Evorus: A Crowd-powered Conversational Assistant Built to Automate Itself Over Time
cs.HC
Crowd-powered conversational assistants have been shown to be more robust than automated systems, but do so at the cost of higher response latency and monetary costs. A promising direction is to combine the two approaches for high quality, low latency, and low cost solutions. In this paper, we introduce Evorus, a crowd...
computer science
8,972
Biomedical Question Answering via Weighted Neural Network Passage Retrieval
cs.IR
The amount of publicly available biomedical literature has been growing rapidly in recent years, yet question answering systems still struggle to exploit the full potential of this source of data. In a preliminary processing step, many question answering systems rely on retrieval models for identifying relevant documen...
computer science
8,973
Multi-Pointer Co-Attention Networks for Recommendation
cs.CL
Many recent state-of-the-art recommender systems such as D-ATT, TransNet and DeepCoNN exploit reviews for representation learning. This paper proposes a new neural architecture for recommendation with reviews. Our model operates on a multi-hierarchical paradigm and is based on the intuition that not all reviews are cre...
computer science
8,974
WorldTree: A Corpus of Explanation Graphs for Elementary Science Questions supporting Multi-Hop Inference
cs.CL
Developing methods of automated inference that are able to provide users with compelling human-readable justifications for why the answer to a question is correct is critical for domains such as science and medicine, where user trust and detecting costly errors are limiting factors to adoption. One of the central barri...
computer science
8,975
Neural Program Search: Solving Programming Tasks from Description and Examples
cs.AI
We present a Neural Program Search, an algorithm to generate programs from natural language description and a small number of input/output examples. The algorithm combines methods from Deep Learning and Program Synthesis fields by designing rich domain-specific language (DSL) and defining efficient search algorithm gui...
computer science
8,976
Attention based Sentence Extraction from Scientific Articles using Pseudo-Labeled data
cs.IR
In this work, we present a weakly supervised sentence extraction technique for identifying important sentences in scientific papers that are worthy of inclusion in the abstract. We propose a new attention based deep learning architecture that jointly learns to identify important content, as well as the cue phrases that...
computer science
8,977
Towards a Continuous Knowledge Learning Engine for Chatbots
cs.CL
Although chatbots have been very popular in recent years, they still have some serious weaknesses which limit the scope of their applications. One major weakness is that they cannot learn new knowledge during the conversation process, i.e., their knowledge is fixed beforehand and cannot be expanded or updated during co...
computer science
8,978
Generating High-Quality Query Suggestion Candidates for Task-Based Search
cs.IR
We address the task of generating query suggestions for task-based search. The current state of the art relies heavily on suggestions provided by a major search engine. In this paper, we solve the task without reliance on search engines. Specifically, we focus on the first step of a two-stage pipeline approach, which i...
computer science
8,979
Towards an Understanding of Entity-Oriented Search Intents
cs.IR
Entity-oriented search deals with a wide variety of information needs, from displaying direct answers to interacting with services. In this work, we aim to understand what are prominent entity-oriented search intents and how they can be fulfilled. We develop a scheme of entity intent categories, and use them to annotat...
computer science
8,980
Visualizing the Flow of Discourse with a Concept Ontology
cs.CL
Understanding and visualizing human discourse has long being a challenging task. Although recent work on argument mining have shown success in classifying the role of various sentences, the task of recognizing concepts and understanding the ways in which they are discussed remains challenging. Given an email thread or ...
computer science
8,981
ROUGE 2.0: Updated and Improved Measures for Evaluation of Summarization Tasks
cs.IR
Evaluation of summarization tasks is extremely crucial to determining the quality of machine generated summaries. Over the last decade, ROUGE has become the standard automatic evaluation measure for evaluating summarization tasks. While ROUGE has been shown to be effective in capturing n-gram overlap between system and...
computer science
8,982
Explain Yourself: A Natural Language Interface for Scrutable Autonomous Robots
cs.CL
Autonomous systems in remote locations have a high degree of autonomy and there is a need to explain what they are doing and why in order to increase transparency and maintain trust. Here, we describe a natural language chat interface that enables vehicle behaviour to be queried by the user. We obtain an interpretable ...
computer science
8,983
Expert Finding in Heterogeneous Bibliographic Networks with Locally-trained Embeddings
cs.IR
Expert finding is an important task in both industry and academia. It is challenging to rank candidates with appropriate expertise for various queries. In addition, different types of objects interact with one another, which naturally forms heterogeneous information networks. We study the task of expert finding in hete...
computer science
8,984
Automatic Detection of Online Jihadist Hate Speech
cs.CL
We have developed a system that automatically detects online jihadist hate speech with over 80% accuracy, by using techniques from Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning. The system is trained on a corpus of 45,000 subversive Twitter messages collected from October 2014 to December 2016. We present a qualitat...
computer science
8,985
Think you have Solved Question Answering? Try ARC, the AI2 Reasoning Challenge
cs.AI
We present a new question set, text corpus, and baselines assembled to encourage AI research in advanced question answering. Together, these constitute the AI2 Reasoning Challenge (ARC), which requires far more powerful knowledge and reasoning than previous challenges such as SQuAD or SNLI. The ARC question set is part...
computer science
8,986
Speech Emotion Recognition Considering Local Dynamic Features
cs.HC
Recently, increasing attention has been directed to the study of the speech emotion recognition, in which global acoustic features of an utterance are mostly used to eliminate the content differences. However, the expression of speech emotion is a dynamic process, which is reflected through dynamic durations, energies,...
computer science
8,987
The predictability of letters in written english
cs.CL
We show that the predictability of letters in written English texts depends strongly on their position in the word. The first letters are usually the least easy to predict. This agrees with the intuitive notion that words are well defined subunits in written languages, with much weaker correlations across these units t...
computer science
8,988
Parallelizing Word2Vec in Shared and Distributed Memory
cs.DC
Word2Vec is a widely used algorithm for extracting low-dimensional vector representations of words. It generated considerable excitement in the machine learning and natural language processing (NLP) communities recently due to its exceptional performance in many NLP applications such as named entity recognition, sentim...
computer science
8,989
Toric grammars: a new statistical approach to natural language modeling
stat.ML
We propose a new statistical model for computational linguistics. Rather than trying to estimate directly the probability distribution of a random sentence of the language, we define a Markov chain on finite sets of sentences with many finite recurrent communicating classes and define our language model as the invarian...
computer science
8,990
Authorship Analysis based on Data Compression
cs.CL
This paper proposes to perform authorship analysis using the Fast Compression Distance (FCD), a similarity measure based on compression with dictionaries directly extracted from the written texts. The FCD computes a similarity between two documents through an effective binary search on the intersection set between the ...
computer science
8,991
Automated Attribution and Intertextual Analysis
cs.CL
In this work, we employ quantitative methods from the realm of statistics and machine learning to develop novel methodologies for author attribution and textual analysis. In particular, we develop techniques and software suitable for applications to Classical study, and we illustrate the efficacy of our approach in sev...
computer science
8,992
Identifying missing dictionary entries with frequency-conserving context models
cs.CL
In an effort to better understand meaning from natural language texts, we explore methods aimed at organizing lexical objects into contexts. A number of these methods for organization fall into a family defined by word ordering. Unlike demographic or spatial partitions of data, these collocation models are of special i...
computer science
8,993
Models of retrieval in sentence comprehension: A computational evaluation using Bayesian hierarchical modeling
cs.CL
Research on interference has provided evidence that the formation of dependencies between non-adjacent words relies on a cue-based retrieval mechanism. Two different models can account for one of the main predictions of interference, i.e., a slowdown at a retrieval site, when several items share a feature associated wi...
computer science
8,994
Crowdsourcing Dialect Characterization through Twitter
cs.CL
We perform a large-scale analysis of language diatopic variation using geotagged microblogging datasets. By collecting all Twitter messages written in Spanish over more than two years, we build a corpus from which a carefully selected list of concepts allows us to characterize Spanish varieties on a global scale. A clu...
computer science
8,995
The Role of Emotions in Propagating Brands in Social Networks
cs.SI
A key aspect of word of mouth marketing are emotions. Emotions in texts help propagating messages in conventional advertising. In word of mouth scenarios, emotions help to engage consumers and incite to propagate the message further. While the function of emotions in offline marketing in general and word of mouth marke...
computer science
8,996
Using Twitter to predict football outcomes
stat.ML
Twitter has been proven to be a notable source for predictive modelling on various domains such as the stock market, the dissemination of diseases or sports outcomes. However, such a study has not been conducted in football (soccer) so far. The purpose of this research was to study whether data mined from Twitter can b...
computer science
8,997
Building Subject-aligned Comparable Corpora and Mining it for Truly Parallel Sentence Pairs
cs.CL
Parallel sentences are a relatively scarce but extremely useful resource for many applications including cross-lingual retrieval and statistical machine translation. This research explores our methodology for mining such data from previously obtained comparable corpora. The task is highly practical since non-parallel m...
computer science
8,998
Polish -English Statistical Machine Translation of Medical Texts
cs.CL
This new research explores the effects of various training methods on a Polish to English Statistical Machine Translation system for medical texts. Various elements of the EMEA parallel text corpora from the OPUS project were used as the basis for training of phrase tables and language models and for development, tunin...
computer science
8,999
Comparison and Adaptation of Automatic Evaluation Metrics for Quality Assessment of Re-Speaking
cs.CL
Re-speaking is a mechanism for obtaining high quality subtitles for use in live broadcast and other public events. Because it relies on humans performing the actual re-speaking, the task of estimating the quality of the results is non-trivial. Most organisations rely on humans to perform the actual quality assessment, ...
computer science