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9,500
Bypassing Captcha By Machine A Proof For Passing The Turing Test
cs.CV
For the last ten years, CAPTCHAs have been widely used by websites to prevent their data being automatically updated by machines. By supposedly allowing only humans to do so, CAPTCHAs take advantage of the reverse Turing test (TT), knowing that humans are more intelligent than machines. Generally, CAPTCHAs have defeate...
computer science
9,501
Scene Image is Non-Mutually Exclusive - A Fuzzy Qualitative Scene Understanding
cs.CV
Ambiguity or uncertainty is a pervasive element of many real world decision making processes. Variation in decisions is a norm in this situation when the same problem is posed to different subjects. Psychological and metaphysical research had proven that decision making by human is subjective. It is influenced by many ...
computer science
9,502
An Unsupervised Ensemble-based Markov Random Field Approach to Microscope Cell Image Segmentation
cs.CV
In this paper, we propose an approach to the unsupervised segmentation of images using Markov Random Field. The proposed approach is based on the idea of Bit Plane Slicing. We use the planes as initial labellings for an ensemble of segmentations. With pixelwise voting, a robust segmentation approach can be achieved, wh...
computer science
9,503
Salient Object Detection: A Survey
cs.CV
Detecting and segmenting salient objects in natural scenes, often referred to as salient object detection, has attracted a lot of interest in computer vision. While many models have been proposed and several applications have emerged, yet a deep understanding of achievements and issues is lacking. We aim to provide a c...
computer science
9,504
Intelligent Indoor Mobile Robot Navigation Using Stereo Vision
cs.RO
Majority of the existing robot navigation systems, which facilitate the use of laser range finders, sonar sensors or artificial landmarks, has the ability to locate itself in an unknown environment and then build a map of the corresponding environment. Stereo vision, while still being a rapidly developing technique in ...
computer science
9,505
Using Hankel Matrices for Dynamics-based Facial Emotion Recognition and Pain Detection
cs.CV
This paper proposes a new approach to model the temporal dynamics of a sequence of facial expressions. To this purpose, a sequence of Face Image Descriptors (FID) is regarded as the output of a Linear Time Invariant (LTI) system. The temporal dynamics of such sequence of descriptors are represented by means of a Hankel...
computer science
9,506
Tree-based Visualization and Optimization for Image Collection
cs.MM
The visualization of an image collection is the process of displaying a collection of images on a screen under some specific layout requirements. This paper focuses on an important problem that is not well addressed by the previous methods: visualizing image collections into arbitrary layout shapes while arranging imag...
computer science
9,507
Kernelized Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Describing Complex Images
cs.CV
With the impressive capability to capture visual content, deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) have demon- strated promising performance in various vision-based ap- plications, such as classification, recognition, and objec- t detection. However, due to the intrinsic structure design of CNN, for images with complex...
computer science
9,508
Recurrent Neural Networks for Driver Activity Anticipation via Sensory-Fusion Architecture
cs.CV
Anticipating the future actions of a human is a widely studied problem in robotics that requires spatio-temporal reasoning. In this work we propose a deep learning approach for anticipation in sensory-rich robotics applications. We introduce a sensory-fusion architecture which jointly learns to anticipate and fuse info...
computer science
9,509
Feature Evaluation of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Object Recognition and Detection
cs.CV
In this paper, we evaluate convolutional neural network (CNN) features using the AlexNet architecture and very deep convolutional network (VGGNet) architecture. To date, most CNN researchers have employed the last layers before output, which were extracted from the fully connected feature layers. However, since it is u...
computer science
9,510
PERCH: Perception via Search for Multi-Object Recognition and Localization
cs.CV
In many robotic domains such as flexible automated manufacturing or personal assistance, a fundamental perception task is that of identifying and localizing objects whose 3D models are known. Canonical approaches to this problem include discriminative methods that find correspondences between feature descriptors comput...
computer science
9,511
Heterogeneous Knowledge Transfer in Video Emotion Recognition, Attribution and Summarization
cs.CV
Emotion is a key element in user-generated videos. However, it is difficult to understand emotions conveyed in such videos due to the complex and unstructured nature of user-generated content and the sparsity of video frames expressing emotion. In this paper, for the first time, we study the problem of transferring kno...
computer science
9,512
A diffusion and clustering-based approach for finding coherent motions and understanding crowd scenes
cs.CV
This paper addresses the problem of detecting coherent motions in crowd scenes and presents its two applications in crowd scene understanding: semantic region detection and recurrent activity mining. It processes input motion fields (e.g., optical flow fields) and produces a coherent motion filed, named as thermal ener...
computer science
9,513
A Comparative Evaluation of Approximate Probabilistic Simulation and Deep Neural Networks as Accounts of Human Physical Scene Understanding
cs.AI
Humans demonstrate remarkable abilities to predict physical events in complex scenes. Two classes of models for physical scene understanding have recently been proposed: "Intuitive Physics Engines", or IPEs, which posit that people make predictions by running approximate probabilistic simulations in causal mental model...
computer science
9,514
Yum-me: A Personalized Nutrient-based Meal Recommender System
cs.HC
Nutrient-based meal recommendations have the potential to help individuals prevent or manage conditions such as diabetes and obesity. However, learning people's food preferences and making recommendations that simultaneously appeal to their palate and satisfy nutritional expectations are challenging. Existing approache...
computer science
9,515
Low-Cost Scene Modeling using a Density Function Improves Segmentation Performance
cs.CV
We propose a low cost and effective way to combine a free simulation software and free CAD models for modeling human-object interaction in order to improve human & object segmentation. It is intended for research scenarios related to safe human-robot collaboration (SHRC) and interaction (SHRI) in the industrial domain....
computer science
9,516
Towards ontology driven learning of visual concept detectors
cs.IR
The maturity of deep learning techniques has led in recent years to a breakthrough in object recognition in visual media. While for some specific benchmarks, neural techniques seem to match if not outperform human judgement, challenges are still open for detecting arbitrary concepts in arbitrary videos. In this paper, ...
computer science
9,517
Learning to Poke by Poking: Experiential Learning of Intuitive Physics
cs.CV
We investigate an experiential learning paradigm for acquiring an internal model of intuitive physics. Our model is evaluated on a real-world robotic manipulation task that requires displacing objects to target locations by poking. The robot gathered over 400 hours of experience by executing more than 100K pokes on dif...
computer science
9,518
Click Carving: Segmenting Objects in Video with Point Clicks
cs.CV
We present a novel form of interactive video object segmentation where a few clicks by the user helps the system produce a full spatio-temporal segmentation of the object of interest. Whereas conventional interactive pipelines take the user's initialization as a starting point, we show the value in the system taking th...
computer science
9,519
Augmenting Supervised Emotion Recognition with Rule-Based Decision Model
cs.HC
The aim of this research is development of rule based decision model for emotion recognition. This research also proposes using the rules for augmenting inter-corporal recognition accuracy in multimodal systems that use supervised learning techniques. The classifiers for such learning based recognition systems are susc...
computer science
9,520
Left/Right Hand Segmentation in Egocentric Videos
cs.HC
Wearable cameras allow people to record their daily activities from a user-centered (First Person Vision) perspective. Due to their favorable location, wearable cameras frequently capture the hands of the user, and may thus represent a promising user-machine interaction tool for different applications. Existent First P...
computer science
9,521
Faceless Person Recognition; Privacy Implications in Social Media
cs.CV
As we shift more of our lives into the virtual domain, the volume of data shared on the web keeps increasing and presents a threat to our privacy. This works contributes to the understanding of privacy implications of such data sharing by analysing how well people are recognisable in social media data. To facilitate a ...
computer science
9,522
Introspective Perception: Learning to Predict Failures in Vision Systems
cs.RO
As robots aspire for long-term autonomous operations in complex dynamic environments, the ability to reliably take mission-critical decisions in ambiguous situations becomes critical. This motivates the need to build systems that have situational awareness to assess how qualified they are at that moment to make a decis...
computer science
9,523
ShapeFit and ShapeKick for Robust, Scalable Structure from Motion
cs.CV
We introduce a new method for location recovery from pair-wise directions that leverages an efficient convex program that comes with exact recovery guarantees, even in the presence of adversarial outliers. When pairwise directions represent scaled relative positions between pairs of views (estimated for instance with e...
computer science
9,524
Facial Expression Recognition Using a Hybrid CNN-SIFT Aggregator
cs.CV
Deriving an effective facial expression recognition component is important for a successful human-computer interaction system. Nonetheless, recognizing facial expression remains a challenging task. This paper describes a novel approach towards facial expression recognition task. The proposed method is motivated by the ...
computer science
9,525
Can Peripheral Representations Improve Clutter Metrics on Complex Scenes?
cs.CV
Previous studies have proposed image-based clutter measures that correlate with human search times and/or eye movements. However, most models do not take into account the fact that the effects of clutter interact with the foveated nature of the human visual system: visual clutter further from the fovea has an increasin...
computer science
9,526
Title Generation for User Generated Videos
cs.CV
A great video title describes the most salient event compactly and captures the viewer's attention. In contrast, video captioning tends to generate sentences that describe the video as a whole. Although generating a video title automatically is a very useful task, it is much less addressed than video captioning. We add...
computer science
9,527
Automation of Pedestrian Tracking in a Crowded Situation
cs.CV
Studies on microscopic pedestrian requires large amounts of trajectory data from real-world pedestrian crowds. Such data collection, if done manually, needs tremendous effort and is very time consuming. Though many studies have asserted the possibility of automating this task using video cameras, we found that only a f...
computer science
9,528
A Tube-and-Droplet-based Approach for Representing and Analyzing Motion Trajectories
cs.CV
Trajectory analysis is essential in many applications. In this paper, we address the problem of representing motion trajectories in a highly informative way, and consequently utilize it for analyzing trajectories. Our approach first leverages the complete information from given trajectories to construct a thermal trans...
computer science
9,529
The ACRV Picking Benchmark (APB): A Robotic Shelf Picking Benchmark to Foster Reproducible Research
cs.RO
Robotic challenges like the Amazon Picking Challenge (APC) or the DARPA Challenges are an established and important way to drive scientific progress. They make research comparable on a well-defined benchmark with equal test conditions for all participants. However, such challenge events occur only occasionally, are lim...
computer science
9,530
Deep-Learned Collision Avoidance Policy for Distributed Multi-Agent Navigation
cs.AI
High-speed, low-latency obstacle avoidance that is insensitive to sensor noise is essential for enabling multiple decentralized robots to function reliably in cluttered and dynamic environments. While other distributed multi-agent collision avoidance systems exist, these systems require online geometric optimization wh...
computer science
9,531
A new algorithm for identity verification based on the analysis of a handwritten dynamic signature
cs.CV
Identity verification based on authenticity assessment of a handwritten signature is an important issue in biometrics. There are many effective methods for signature verification taking into account dynamics of a signing process. Methods based on partitioning take a very important place among them. In this paper we pro...
computer science
9,532
Dynamic Probabilistic Network Based Human Action Recognition
cs.CV
This paper examines use of dynamic probabilistic networks (DPN) for human action recognition. The actions of lifting objects and walking in the room, sitting in the room and neutral standing pose were used for testing the classification. The research used the dynamic interrelation between various different regions of i...
computer science
9,533
Leveraging Video Descriptions to Learn Video Question Answering
cs.CV
We propose a scalable approach to learn video-based question answering (QA): answer a "free-form natural language question" about a video content. Our approach automatically harvests a large number of videos and descriptions freely available online. Then, a large number of candidate QA pairs are automatically generated...
computer science
9,534
T-LESS: An RGB-D Dataset for 6D Pose Estimation of Texture-less Objects
cs.CV
We introduce T-LESS, a new public dataset for estimating the 6D pose, i.e. translation and rotation, of texture-less rigid objects. The dataset features thirty industry-relevant objects with no significant texture and no discriminative color or reflectance properties. The objects exhibit symmetries and mutual similarit...
computer science
9,535
Perceptually Optimized Image Rendering
cs.CV
We develop a framework for rendering photographic images, taking into account display limitations, so as to optimize perceptual similarity between the rendered image and the original scene. We formulate this as a constrained optimization problem, in which we minimize a measure of perceptual dissimilarity, the Normalize...
computer science
9,536
Sequence-based Multimodal Apprenticeship Learning For Robot Perception and Decision Making
cs.RO
Apprenticeship learning has recently attracted a wide attention due to its capability of allowing robots to learn physical tasks directly from demonstrations provided by human experts. Most previous techniques assumed that the state space is known a priori or employed simple state representations that usually suffer fr...
computer science
9,537
Learning Social Affordance Grammar from Videos: Transferring Human Interactions to Human-Robot Interactions
cs.RO
In this paper, we present a general framework for learning social affordance grammar as a spatiotemporal AND-OR graph (ST-AOG) from RGB-D videos of human interactions, and transfer the grammar to humanoids to enable a real-time motion inference for human-robot interaction (HRI). Based on Gibbs sampling, our weakly supe...
computer science
9,538
Sparse Depth Sensing for Resource-Constrained Robots
cs.RO
We consider the case in which a robot has to navigate in an unknown environment but does not have enough on-board power or payload to carry a traditional depth sensor (e.g., a 3D lidar) and thus can only acquire a few (point-wise) depth measurements. We address the following question: is it possible to reconstruct the ...
computer science
9,539
Learning Correspondence Structures for Person Re-identification
cs.CV
This paper addresses the problem of handling spatial misalignments due to camera-view changes or human-pose variations in person re-identification. We first introduce a boosting-based approach to learn a correspondence structure which indicates the patch-wise matching probabilities between images from a target camera p...
computer science
9,540
Transfer learning for music classification and regression tasks
cs.CV
In this paper, we present a transfer learning approach for music classification and regression tasks. We propose to use a pre-trained convnet feature, a concatenated feature vector using the activations of feature maps of multiple layers in a trained convolutional network. We show how this convnet feature can serve as ...
computer science
9,541
Sharing deep generative representation for perceived image reconstruction from human brain activity
cs.AI
Decoding human brain activities via functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has gained increasing attention in recent years. While encouraging results have been reported in brain states classification tasks, reconstructing the details of human visual experience still remains difficult. Two main challenges that hin...
computer science
9,542
Quantum Mechanical Approach to Modelling Reliability of Sensor Reports
cs.OH
Dempster-Shafer evidence theory is wildly applied in multi-sensor data fusion. However, lots of uncertainty and interference exist in practical situation, especially in the battle field. It is still an open issue to model the reliability of sensor reports. Many methods are proposed based on the relationship among colle...
computer science
9,543
AirSim: High-Fidelity Visual and Physical Simulation for Autonomous Vehicles
cs.RO
Developing and testing algorithms for autonomous vehicles in real world is an expensive and time consuming process. Also, in order to utilize recent advances in machine intelligence and deep learning we need to collect a large amount of annotated training data in a variety of conditions and environments. We present a n...
computer science
9,544
Her2 Challenge Contest: A Detailed Assessment of Automated Her2 Scoring Algorithms in Whole Slide Images of Breast Cancer Tissues
cs.CV
Evaluating expression of the Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2) by visual examination of immunohistochemistry (IHC) on invasive breast cancer (BCa) is a key part of the diagnostic assessment of BCa due to its recognised importance as a predictive and prognostic marker in clinical practice. However, visual ...
computer science
9,545
How a General-Purpose Commonsense Ontology can Improve Performance of Learning-Based Image Retrieval
cs.AI
The knowledge representation community has built general-purpose ontologies which contain large amounts of commonsense knowledge over relevant aspects of the world, including useful visual information, e.g.: "a ball is used by a football player", "a tennis player is located at a tennis court". Current state-of-the-art ...
computer science
9,546
Towards Visual Ego-motion Learning in Robots
cs.RO
Many model-based Visual Odometry (VO) algorithms have been proposed in the past decade, often restricted to the type of camera optics, or the underlying motion manifold observed. We envision robots to be able to learn and perform these tasks, in a minimally supervised setting, as they gain more experience. To this end,...
computer science
9,547
Enhanced discrete particle swarm optimization path planning for UAV vision-based surface inspection
cs.RO
In built infrastructure monitoring, an efficient path planning algorithm is essential for robotic inspection of large surfaces using computer vision. In this work, we first formulate the inspection path planning problem as an extended travelling salesman problem (TSP) in which both the coverage and obstacle avoidance w...
computer science
9,548
Comparing Neural and Attractiveness-based Visual Features for Artwork Recommendation
cs.IR
Advances in image processing and computer vision in the latest years have brought about the use of visual features in artwork recommendation. Recent works have shown that visual features obtained from pre-trained deep neural networks (DNNs) perform very well for recommending digital art. Other recent works have shown t...
computer science
9,549
NO Need to Worry about Adversarial Examples in Object Detection in Autonomous Vehicles
cs.CV
It has been shown that most machine learning algorithms are susceptible to adversarial perturbations. Slightly perturbing an image in a carefully chosen direction in the image space may cause a trained neural network model to misclassify it. Recently, it was shown that physical adversarial examples exist: printing pert...
computer science
9,550
Learning Photography Aesthetics with Deep CNNs
cs.CV
Automatic photo aesthetic assessment is a challenging artificial intelligence task. Existing computational approaches have focused on modeling a single aesthetic score or a class (good or bad), however these do not provide any details on why the photograph is good or bad, or which attributes contribute to the quality o...
computer science
9,551
Disentangling Motion, Foreground and Background Features in Videos
cs.CV
This paper introduces an unsupervised framework to extract semantically rich features for video representation. Inspired by how the human visual system groups objects based on motion cues, we propose a deep convolutional neural network that disentangles motion, foreground and background information. The proposed archit...
computer science
9,552
Robust Rigid Point Registration based on Convolution of Adaptive Gaussian Mixture Models
cs.CV
Matching 3D rigid point clouds in complex environments robustly and accurately is still a core technique used in many applications. This paper proposes a new architecture combining error estimation from sample covariances and dual global probability alignment based on the convolution of adaptive Gaussian Mixture Models...
computer science
9,553
Fast Preprocessing for Robust Face Sketch Synthesis
cs.CV
Exemplar-based face sketch synthesis methods usually meet the challenging problem that input photos are captured in different lighting conditions from training photos. The critical step causing the failure is the search of similar patch candidates for an input photo patch. Conventional illumination invariant patch dist...
computer science
9,554
CREST: Convolutional Residual Learning for Visual Tracking
cs.CV
Discriminative correlation filters (DCFs) have been shown to perform superiorly in visual tracking. They only need a small set of training samples from the initial frame to generate an appearance model. However, existing DCFs learn the filters separately from feature extraction, and update these filters using a moving ...
computer science
9,555
Multibiometric Secure System Based on Deep Learning
cs.AI
In this paper, we propose a secure multibiometric system that uses deep neural networks and error-correction coding. We present a feature-level fusion framework to generate a secure multibiometric template from each user's multiple biometrics. Two fusion architectures, fully connected architecture and bilinear architec...
computer science
9,556
Deep Object-Centric Representations for Generalizable Robot Learning
cs.RO
Robotic manipulation in complex open-world scenarios requires both reliable physical manipulation skills and effective and generalizable perception. In this paper, we propose a method where general purpose pretrained visual models serve as an object-centric prior for the perception system of a learned policy. We devise...
computer science
9,557
More cat than cute? Interpretable Prediction of Adjective-Noun Pairs
cs.CV
The increasing availability of affect-rich multimedia resources has bolstered interest in understanding sentiment and emotions in and from visual content. Adjective-noun pairs (ANP) are a popular mid-level semantic construct for capturing affect via visually detectable concepts such as "cute dog" or "beautiful landscap...
computer science
9,558
Human Action Recognition System using Good Features and Multilayer Perceptron Network
cs.CV
Human action recognition involves the characterization of human actions through the automated analysis of video data and is integral in the development of smart computer vision systems. However, several challenges like dynamic backgrounds, camera stabilization, complex actions, occlusions etc. make action recognition i...
computer science
9,559
Uncertainty-Aware Learning from Demonstration using Mixture Density Networks with Sampling-Free Variance Modeling
cs.CV
In this paper, we propose an uncertainty-aware learning from demonstration method by presenting a novel uncertainty estimation method utilizing a mixture density network appropriate for modeling complex and noisy human behaviors. The proposed uncertainty acquisition can be done with a single forward path without Monte ...
computer science
9,560
Machine learning \& artificial intelligence in the quantum domain
cs.AI
Quantum information technologies, and intelligent learning systems, are both emergent technologies that will likely have a transforming impact on our society. The respective underlying fields of research -- quantum information (QI) versus machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) -- have their own specific...
computer science
9,561
ClickBAIT: Click-based Accelerated Incremental Training of Convolutional Neural Networks
cs.CV
Today's general-purpose deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) for image classification and object detection are trained offline on large static datasets. Some applications, however, will require training in real-time on live video streams with a human-in-the-loop. We refer to this class of problem as Time-ordered On...
computer science
9,562
Unsupervised state representation learning with robotic priors: a robustness benchmark
cs.AI
Our understanding of the world depends highly on our capacity to produce intuitive and simplified representations which can be easily used to solve problems. We reproduce this simplification process using a neural network to build a low dimensional state representation of the world from images acquired by a robot. As i...
computer science
9,563
Commonsense Scene Semantics for Cognitive Robotics: Towards Grounding Embodied Visuo-Locomotive Interactions
cs.RO
We present a commonsense, qualitative model for the semantic grounding of embodied visuo-spatial and locomotive interactions. The key contribution is an integrative methodology combining low-level visual processing with high-level, human-centred representations of space and motion rooted in artificial intelligence. We ...
computer science
9,564
Sparse-to-Dense: Depth Prediction from Sparse Depth Samples and a Single Image
cs.RO
We consider the problem of dense depth prediction from a sparse set of depth measurements and a single RGB image. Since depth estimation from monocular images alone is inherently ambiguous and unreliable, to attain a higher level of robustness and accuracy, we introduce additional sparse depth samples, which are either...
computer science
9,565
Hierarchical Detail Enhancing Mesh-Based Shape Generation with 3D Generative Adversarial Network
cs.GR
Automatic mesh-based shape generation is of great interest across a wide range of disciplines, from industrial design to gaming, computer graphics and various other forms of digital art. While most traditional methods focus on primitive based model generation, advances in deep learning made it possible to learn 3-dimen...
computer science
9,566
Human motion primitive discovery and recognition
cs.RO
We present a novel framework for the automatic discovery and recognition of human motion primitives from motion capture data. Human motion primitives are discovered by optimizing the 'motion flux', a quantity which depends on the motion of a group of skeletal joints. Models of each primitive category are computed via n...
computer science
9,567
Vision-based deep execution monitoring
cs.AI
Execution monitor of high-level robot actions can be effectively improved by visual monitoring the state of the world in terms of preconditions and postconditions that hold before and after the execution of an action. Furthermore a policy for searching where to look at, either for verifying the relations that specify t...
computer science
9,569
Privacy-Preserving Deep Inference for Rich User Data on The Cloud
cs.CV
Deep neural networks are increasingly being used in a variety of machine learning applications applied to rich user data on the cloud. However, this approach introduces a number of privacy and efficiency challenges, as the cloud operator can perform secondary inferences on the available data. Recently, advances in edge...
computer science
9,570
Texture Fuzzy Segmentation using Skew Divergence Adaptive Affinity Functions
cs.CV
Digital image segmentation is the process of assigning distinct labels to different objects in a digital image, and the fuzzy segmentation algorithm has been successfully used in the segmentation of images from a wide variety of sources. However, the traditional fuzzy segmentation algorithm fails to segment objects tha...
computer science
9,571
Standard detectors aren't (currently) fooled by physical adversarial stop signs
cs.CV
An adversarial example is an example that has been adjusted to produce the wrong label when presented to a system at test time. If adversarial examples existed that could fool a detector, they could be used to (for example) wreak havoc on roads populated with smart vehicles. Recently, we described our difficulties crea...
computer science
9,572
Deep Semantic Abstractions of Everyday Human Activities: On Commonsense Representations of Human Interactions
cs.RO
We propose a deep semantic characterization of space and motion categorically from the viewpoint of grounding embodied human-object interactions. Our key focus is on an ontological model that would be adept to formalisation from the viewpoint of commonsense knowledge representation, relational learning, and qualitative...
computer science
9,573
A Survey on Optical Character Recognition System
cs.CV
Optical Character Recognition (OCR) has been a topic of interest for many years. It is defined as the process of digitizing a document image into its constituent characters. Despite decades of intense research, developing OCR with capabilities comparable to that of human still remains an open challenge. Due to this cha...
computer science
9,574
ADA: A Game-Theoretic Perspective on Data Augmentation for Object Detection
cs.CV
The use of random perturbations of ground truth data, such as random translation or scaling of bounding boxes, is a common heuristic used for data augmentation that has been shown to prevent overfitting and improve generalization. Since the design of data augmentation is largely guided by reported best practices, it is...
computer science
9,575
Picasso, Matisse, or a Fake? Automated Analysis of Drawings at the Stroke Level for Attribution and Authentication
eess.IV
This paper proposes a computational approach for analysis of strokes in line drawings by artists. We aim at developing an AI methodology that facilitates attribution of drawings of unknown authors in a way that is not easy to be deceived by forged art. The methodology used is based on quantifying the characteristics of...
computer science
9,576
GazeGAN - Unpaired Adversarial Image Generation for Gaze Estimation
cs.CV
Recent research has demonstrated the ability to estimate gaze on mobile devices by performing inference on the image from the phone's front-facing camera, and without requiring specialized hardware. While this offers wide potential applications such as in human-computer interaction, medical diagnosis and accessibility ...
computer science
9,577
Saliency Weighted Convolutional Features for Instance Search
cs.CV
This work explores attention models to weight the contribution of local convolutional representations for the instance search task. We present a retrieval framework based on bags of local convolutional features (BLCF) that benefits from saliency weighting to build an efficient image representation. The use of human vis...
computer science
9,578
Visual Explanation by High-Level Abduction: On Answer-Set Programming Driven Reasoning about Moving Objects
cs.AI
We propose a hybrid architecture for systematically computing robust visual explanation(s) encompassing hypothesis formation, belief revision, and default reasoning with video data. The architecture consists of two tightly integrated synergistic components: (1) (functional) answer set programming based abductive reason...
computer science
9,579
Accurate reconstruction of image stimuli from human fMRI based on the decoding model with capsule network architecture
cs.CV
In neuroscience, all kinds of computation models were designed to answer the open question of how sensory stimuli are encoded by neurons and conversely, how sensory stimuli can be decoded from neuronal activities. Especially, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies have made many great achievements with th...
computer science
9,580
Deep Episodic Memory: Encoding, Recalling, and Predicting Episodic Experiences for Robot Action Execution
cs.AI
We present a novel deep neural network architecture for representing robot experiences in an episodic-like memory which facilitates encoding, recalling, and predicting action experiences. Our proposed unsupervised deep episodic memory model 1) encodes observed actions in a latent vector space and, based on this latent ...
computer science
9,581
Constraint-free Natural Image Reconstruction from fMRI Signals Based on Convolutional Neural Network
cs.CV
In recent years, research on decoding brain activity based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has made remarkable achievements. However, constraint-free natural image reconstruction from brain activity is still a challenge. The existing methods simplified the problem by using semantic prior information or ...
computer science
9,582
Proceedings of eNTERFACE 2015 Workshop on Intelligent Interfaces
cs.HC
The 11th Summer Workshop on Multimodal Interfaces eNTERFACE 2015 was hosted by the Numediart Institute of Creative Technologies of the University of Mons from August 10th to September 2015. During the four weeks, students and researchers from all over the world came together in the Numediart Institute of the University...
computer science
9,583
PointCNN
cs.CV
We present a simple and general framework for feature learning from point cloud. The key to the success of CNNs is the convolution operator that is capable of leveraging spatially-local correlation in data represented densely in grids (e.g. images). However, point cloud are irregular and unordered, thus a direct convol...
computer science
9,584
Predicting Rapid Fire Growth (Flashover) Using Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks
cs.AI
A flashover occurs when a fire spreads very rapidly through crevices due to intense heat. Flashovers present one of the most frightening and challenging fire phenomena to those who regularly encounter them: firefighters. Firefighters' safety and lives often depend on their ability to predict flashovers before they occu...
computer science
9,585
Personalized Machine Learning for Robot Perception of Affect and Engagement in Autism Therapy
cs.RO
Robots have great potential to facilitate future therapies for children on the autism spectrum. However, existing robots lack the ability to automatically perceive and respond to human affect, which is necessary for establishing and maintaining engaging interactions. Moreover, their inference challenge is made harder b...
computer science
9,586
Dream Formulations and Deep Neural Networks: Humanistic Themes in the Iconology of the Machine-Learned Image
cs.CY
This paper addresses the interpretability of deep learning-enabled image recognition processes in computer vision science in relation to theories in art history and cognitive psychology on the vision-related perceptual capabilities of humans. Examination of what is determinable about the machine-learned image in compar...
computer science
9,587
IONet: Learning to Cure the Curse of Drift in Inertial Odometry
cs.RO
Inertial sensors play a pivotal role in indoor localization, which in turn lays the foundation for pervasive personal applications. However, low-cost inertial sensors, as commonly found in smartphones, are plagued by bias and noise, which leads to unbounded growth in error when accelerations are double integrated to ob...
computer science
9,588
Shield: Fast, Practical Defense and Vaccination for Deep Learning using JPEG Compression
cs.CV
The rapidly growing body of research in adversarial machine learning has demonstrated that deep neural networks (DNNs) are highly vulnerable to adversarially generated images. This underscores the urgent need for practical defense that can be readily deployed to combat attacks in real-time. Observing that many attack s...
computer science
9,589
Where is my Device? - Detecting the Smart Device's Wearing Location in the Context of Active Safety for Vulnerable Road Users
cs.HC
This article describes an approach to detect the wearing location of smart devices worn by pedestrians and cyclists. The detection, which is based solely on the sensors of the smart devices, is important context-information which can be used to parametrize subsequent algorithms, e.g. for dead reckoning or intention det...
computer science
9,590
Measuring Conflict in a Multi-Source Environment as a Normal Measure
eess.SP
In a multi-source environment, each source has its own credibility. If there is no external knowledge about credibility then we can use the information provided by the sources to assess their credibility. In this paper, we propose a way to measure conflict in a multi-source environment as a normal measure. We examine o...
computer science
9,591
Fusion of an Ensemble of Augmented Image Detectors for Robust Object Detection
cs.CV
A significant challenge in object detection is accurate identification of an object's position in image space, whereas one algorithm with one set of parameters is usually not enough, and the fusion of multiple algorithms and/or parameters can lead to more robust results. Herein, a new computational intelligence fusion ...
computer science
9,592
Centroid-based summarization of multiple documents: sentence extraction, utility-based evaluation, and user studies
cs.CL
We present a multi-document summarizer, called MEAD, which generates summaries using cluster centroids produced by a topic detection and tracking system. We also describe two new techniques, based on sentence utility and subsumption, which we have applied to the evaluation of both single and multiple document summaries...
computer science
9,593
Robust Dialogue Understanding in HERALD
cs.CL
We tackle the problem of robust dialogue processing from the perspective of language engineering. We propose an agent-oriented architecture that allows us a flexible way of composing robust processors. Our approach is based on Shoham's Agent Oriented Programming (AOP) paradigm. We will show how the AOP agent model can ...
computer science
9,594
Improving the CSIEC Project and Adapting It to the English Teaching and Learning in China
cs.CY
In this paper after short review of the CSIEC project initialized by us in 2003 we present the continuing development and improvement of the CSIEC project in details, including the design of five new Microsoft agent characters representing different virtual chatting partners and the limitation of simulated dialogs in s...
computer science
9,595
Bio-linguistic transition and Baldwin effect in an evolutionary naming-game model
cs.CL
We examine an evolutionary naming-game model where communicating agents are equipped with an evolutionarily selected learning ability. Such a coupling of biological and linguistic ingredients results in an abrupt transition: upon a small change of a model control parameter a poorly communicating group of linguistically...
computer science
9,596
Compositional Distributional Semantics with Compact Closed Categories and Frobenius Algebras
cs.CL
This thesis contributes to ongoing research related to the categorical compositional model for natural language of Coecke, Sadrzadeh and Clark in three ways: Firstly, I propose a concrete instantiation of the abstract framework based on Frobenius algebras (joint work with Sadrzadeh). The theory improves shortcomings of...
computer science
9,597
Verifiable Source Code Documentation in Controlled Natural Language
cs.SE
Writing documentation about software internals is rarely considered a rewarding activity. It is highly time-consuming and the resulting documentation is fragile when the software is continuously evolving in a multi-developer setting. Unfortunately, traditional programming environments poorly support the writing and mai...
computer science
9,598
Exploration and Exploitation of Victorian Science in Darwin's Reading Notebooks
cs.CL
Search in an environment with an uncertain distribution of resources involves a trade-off between exploitation of past discoveries and further exploration. This extends to information foraging, where a knowledge-seeker shifts between reading in depth and studying new domains. To study this decision-making process, we e...
computer science
9,599
Graded Entailment for Compositional Distributional Semantics
cs.CL
The categorical compositional distributional model of natural language provides a conceptually motivated procedure to compute the meaning of sentences, given grammatical structure and the meanings of its words. This approach has outperformed other models in mainstream empirical language processing tasks. However, until...
computer science
9,600
The Generalized Smallest Grammar Problem
cs.CL
The Smallest Grammar Problem -- the problem of finding the smallest context-free grammar that generates exactly one given sequence -- has never been successfully applied to grammatical inference. We investigate the reasons and propose an extended formulation that seeks to minimize non-recursive grammars, instead of str...
computer science