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22,002
Distributed parameter estimation of discrete hierarchical models via marginal likelihoods
stat.ML
We consider discrete graphical models Markov with respect to a graph $G$ and propose two distributed marginal methods to estimate the maximum likelihood estimate of the canonical parameter of the model. Both methods are based on a relaxation of the marginal likelihood obtained by considering the density of the variable...
computer science
22,003
Combined l_1 and greedy l_0 penalized least squares for linear model selection
stat.ML
We introduce a computationally effective algorithm for a linear model selection consisting of three steps: screening--ordering--selection (SOS). Screening of predictors is based on the thresholded Lasso that is l_1 penalized least squares. The screened predictors are then fitted using least squares (LS) and ordered wit...
computer science
22,004
Multiple Kernel Learning for Brain-Computer Interfacing
stat.ML
Combining information from different sources is a common way to improve classification accuracy in Brain-Computer Interfacing (BCI). For instance, in small sample settings it is useful to integrate data from other subjects or sessions in order to improve the estimation quality of the spatial filters or the classifier. ...
computer science
22,005
Efficient State-Space Inference of Periodic Latent Force Models
stat.ML
Latent force models (LFM) are principled approaches to incorporating solutions to differential equations within non-parametric inference methods. Unfortunately, the development and application of LFMs can be inhibited by their computational cost, especially when closed-form solutions for the LFM are unavailable, as is ...
computer science
22,006
Bayesian estimation of possible causal direction in the presence of latent confounders using a linear non-Gaussian acyclic structural equation model with individual-specific effects
stat.ML
We consider learning the possible causal direction of two observed variables in the presence of latent confounding variables. Several existing methods have been shown to consistently estimate causal direction assuming linear or some type of nonlinear relationship and no latent confounders. However, the estimation resul...
computer science
22,007
A comparison of bandwidth selectors for mean shift clustering
stat.ML
We explore the performance of several automatic bandwidth selectors, originally designed for density gradient estimation, as data-based procedures for nonparametric, modal clustering. The key tool to obtain a clustering from density gradient estimators is the mean shift algorithm, which allows to obtain a partition not...
computer science
22,008
Nonlinear unmixing of hyperspectral images using a semiparametric model and spatial regularization
stat.ML
Incorporating spatial information into hyperspectral unmixing procedures has been shown to have positive effects, due to the inherent spatial-spectral duality in hyperspectral scenes. Current research works that consider spatial information are mainly focused on the linear mixing model. In this paper, we investigate a ...
computer science
22,009
Convergence analysis of kernel LMS algorithm with pre-tuned dictionary
stat.ML
The kernel least-mean-square (KLMS) algorithm is an appealing tool for online identification of nonlinear systems due to its simplicity and robustness. In addition to choosing a reproducing kernel and setting filter parameters, designing a KLMS adaptive filter requires to select a so-called dictionary in order to get a...
computer science
22,010
Joint Estimation of Multiple Graphical Models from High Dimensional Time Series
stat.ML
In this manuscript we consider the problem of jointly estimating multiple graphical models in high dimensions. We assume that the data are collected from n subjects, each of which consists of T possibly dependent observations. The graphical models of subjects vary, but are assumed to change smoothly corresponding to a ...
computer science
22,011
Multivariate Generalized Gaussian Process Models
stat.ML
We propose a family of multivariate Gaussian process models for correlated outputs, based on assuming that the likelihood function takes the generic form of the multivariate exponential family distribution (EFD). We denote this model as a multivariate generalized Gaussian process model, and derive Taylor and Laplace al...
computer science
22,012
Stochastic Dual Coordinate Ascent with Alternating Direction Multiplier Method
stat.ML
We propose a new stochastic dual coordinate ascent technique that can be applied to a wide range of regularized learning problems. Our method is based on Alternating Direction Multiplier Method (ADMM) to deal with complex regularization functions such as structured regularizations. Although the original ADMM is a batch...
computer science
22,013
Nonparametric Bayesian models of hierarchical structure in complex networks
stat.ML
Analyzing and understanding the structure of complex relational data is important in many applications including analysis of the connectivity in the human brain. Such networks can have prominent patterns on different scales, calling for a hierarchically structured model. We propose two non-parametric Bayesian hierarchi...
computer science
22,014
Visualizing the Effects of a Changing Distance on Data Using Continuous Embeddings
stat.ML
Most Machine Learning (ML) methods, from clustering to classification, rely on a distance function to describe relationships between datapoints. For complex datasets it is hard to avoid making some arbitrary choices when defining a distance function. To compare images, one must choose a spatial scale, for signals, a te...
computer science
22,015
The Infinite Degree Corrected Stochastic Block Model
stat.ML
In Stochastic blockmodels, which are among the most prominent statistical models for cluster analysis of complex networks, clusters are defined as groups of nodes with statistically similar link probabilities within and between groups. A recent extension by Karrer and Newman incorporates a node degree correction to mod...
computer science
22,016
Compressive Nonparametric Graphical Model Selection For Time Series
stat.ML
We propose a method for inferring the conditional indepen- dence graph (CIG) of a high-dimensional discrete-time Gaus- sian vector random process from finite-length observations. Our approach does not rely on a parametric model (such as, e.g., an autoregressive model) for the vector random process; rather, it only assu...
computer science
22,017
Signal Recovery from Pooling Representations
stat.ML
In this work we compute lower Lipschitz bounds of $\ell_p$ pooling operators for $p=1, 2, \infty$ as well as $\ell_p$ pooling operators preceded by half-rectification layers. These give sufficient conditions for the design of invertible neural network layers. Numerical experiments on MNIST and image patches confirm tha...
computer science
22,018
Nonparametric Bayes dynamic modeling of relational data
stat.ML
Symmetric binary matrices representing relations among entities are commonly collected in many areas. Our focus is on dynamically evolving binary relational matrices, with interest being in inference on the relationship structure and prediction. We propose a nonparametric Bayesian dynamic model, which reduces dimension...
computer science
22,019
Learning Pairwise Graphical Models with Nonlinear Sufficient Statistics
stat.ML
We investigate a generic problem of learning pairwise exponential family graphical models with pairwise sufficient statistics defined by a global mapping function, e.g., Mercer kernels. This subclass of pairwise graphical models allow us to flexibly capture complex interactions among variables beyond pairwise product. ...
computer science
22,020
Robust Vertex Classification
stat.ML
For random graphs distributed according to stochastic blockmodels, a special case of latent position graphs, adjacency spectral embedding followed by appropriate vertex classification is asymptotically Bayes optimal; but this approach requires knowledge of and critically depends on the model dimension. In this paper, w...
computer science
22,021
Robust Low-rank Tensor Recovery: Models and Algorithms
stat.ML
Robust tensor recovery plays an instrumental role in robustifying tensor decompositions for multilinear data analysis against outliers, gross corruptions and missing values and has a diverse array of applications. In this paper, we study the problem of robust low-rank tensor recovery in a convex optimization framework,...
computer science
22,022
Score-based Causal Learning in Additive Noise Models
stat.ML
Given data sampled from a number of variables, one is often interested in the underlying causal relationships in the form of a directed acyclic graph. In the general case, without interventions on some of the variables it is only possible to identify the graph up to its Markov equivalence class. However, in some situat...
computer science
22,023
Generalized Non-orthogonal Joint Diagonalization with LU Decomposition and Successive Rotations
stat.ML
Non-orthogonal joint diagonalization (NJD) free of prewhitening has been widely studied in the context of blind source separation (BSS) and array signal processing, etc. However, NJD is used to retrieve the jointly diagonalizable structure for a single set of target matrices which are mostly formulized with a single da...
computer science
22,024
Impact of regularization on Spectral Clustering
stat.ML
The performance of spectral clustering can be considerably improved via regularization, as demonstrated empirically in Amini et. al (2012). Here, we provide an attempt at quantifying this improvement through theoretical analysis. Under the stochastic block model (SBM), and its extensions, previous results on spectral c...
computer science
22,025
An Algorithmic Theory of Dependent Regularizers, Part 1: Submodular Structure
stat.ML
We present an exploration of the rich theoretical connections between several classes of regularized models, network flows, and recent results in submodular function theory. This work unifies key aspects of these problems under a common theory, leading to novel methods for working with several important models of inter...
computer science
22,026
Guaranteed Model Order Estimation and Sample Complexity Bounds for LDA
stat.ML
The question of how to determine the number of independent latent factors (topics) in mixture models such as Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) is of great practical importance. In most applications, the exact number of topics is unknown, and depends on the application and the size of the data set. Bayesian nonparametri...
computer science
22,027
Every LWF and AMP chain graph originates from a set of causal models
stat.ML
This paper aims at justifying LWF and AMP chain graphs by showing that they do not represent arbitrary independence models. Specifically, we show that every chain graph is inclusion optimal wrt the intersection of the independence models represented by a set of directed and acyclic graphs under conditioning. This impli...
computer science
22,028
Near-optimal Anomaly Detection in Graphs using Lovasz Extended Scan Statistic
stat.ML
The detection of anomalous activity in graphs is a statistical problem that arises in many applications, such as network surveillance, disease outbreak detection, and activity monitoring in social networks. Beyond its wide applicability, graph structured anomaly detection serves as a case study in the difficulty of bal...
computer science
22,029
Filtering with State-Observation Examples via Kernel Monte Carlo Filter
stat.ML
This paper addresses the problem of filtering with a state-space model. Standard approaches for filtering assume that a probabilistic model for observations (i.e. the observation model) is given explicitly or at least parametrically. We consider a setting where this assumption is not satisfied; we assume that the knowl...
computer science
22,030
Markov Network Structure Learning via Ensemble-of-Forests Models
stat.ML
Real world systems typically feature a variety of different dependency types and topologies that complicate model selection for probabilistic graphical models. We introduce the ensemble-of-forests model, a generalization of the ensemble-of-trees model. Our model enables structure learning of Markov random fields (MRF) ...
computer science
22,031
The Matrix Ridge Approximation: Algorithms and Applications
stat.ML
We are concerned with an approximation problem for a symmetric positive semidefinite matrix due to motivation from a class of nonlinear machine learning methods. We discuss an approximation approach that we call {matrix ridge approximation}. In particular, we define the matrix ridge approximation as an incomplete matri...
computer science
22,032
The Bernstein Function: A Unifying Framework of Nonconvex Penalization in Sparse Estimation
stat.ML
In this paper we study nonconvex penalization using Bernstein functions. Since the Bernstein function is concave and nonsmooth at the origin, it can induce a class of nonconvex functions for high-dimensional sparse estimation problems. We derive a threshold function based on the Bernstein penalty and give its mathemati...
computer science
22,033
Functional Bipartite Ranking: a Wavelet-Based Filtering Approach
stat.ML
It is the main goal of this article to address the bipartite ranking issue from the perspective of functional data analysis (FDA). Given a training set of independent realizations of a (possibly sampled) second-order random function with a (locally) smooth autocorrelation structure and to which a binary label is random...
computer science
22,034
Detecting Parameter Symmetries in Probabilistic Models
stat.ML
Probabilistic models often have parameters that can be translated, scaled, permuted, or otherwise transformed without changing the model. These symmetries can lead to strong correlation and multimodality in the posterior distribution over the model's parameters, which can pose challenges both for performing inference a...
computer science
22,035
Non-parametric Bayesian modeling of complex networks
stat.ML
Modeling structure in complex networks using Bayesian non-parametrics makes it possible to specify flexible model structures and infer the adequate model complexity from the observed data. This paper provides a gentle introduction to non-parametric Bayesian modeling of complex networks: Using an infinite mixture model ...
computer science
22,036
Outlier robust system identification: a Bayesian kernel-based approach
stat.ML
In this paper, we propose an outlier-robust regularized kernel-based method for linear system identification. The unknown impulse response is modeled as a zero-mean Gaussian process whose covariance (kernel) is given by the recently proposed stable spline kernel, which encodes information on regularity and exponential ...
computer science
22,037
A model selection approach for clustering a multinomial sequence with non-negative factorization
stat.ML
We consider a problem of clustering a sequence of multinomial observations by way of a model selection criterion. We propose a form of a penalty term for the model selection procedure. Our approach subsumes both the conventional AIC and BIC criteria but also extends the conventional criteria in a way that it can be app...
computer science
22,038
Probabilistic Archetypal Analysis
stat.ML
Archetypal analysis represents a set of observations as convex combinations of pure patterns, or archetypes. The original geometric formulation of finding archetypes by approximating the convex hull of the observations assumes them to be real valued. This, unfortunately, is not compatible with many practical situations...
computer science
22,039
A Fused Elastic Net Logistic Regression Model for Multi-Task Binary Classification
stat.ML
Multi-task learning has shown to significantly enhance the performance of multiple related learning tasks in a variety of situations. We present the fused logistic regression, a sparse multi-task learning approach for binary classification. Specifically, we introduce sparsity inducing penalties over parameter differenc...
computer science
22,040
An Efficient Search Strategy for Aggregation and Discretization of Attributes of Bayesian Networks Using Minimum Description Length
stat.ML
Bayesian networks are convenient graphical expressions for high dimensional probability distributions representing complex relationships between a large number of random variables. They have been employed extensively in areas such as bioinformatics, artificial intelligence, diagnosis, and risk management. The recovery ...
computer science
22,041
Exact Estimation of Multiple Directed Acyclic Graphs
stat.ML
This paper considers the problem of estimating the structure of multiple related directed acyclic graph (DAG) models. Building on recent developments in exact estimation of DAGs using integer linear programming (ILP), we present an ILP approach for joint estimation over multiple DAGs, that does not require that the ver...
computer science
22,042
Learning the Conditional Independence Structure of Stationary Time Series: A Multitask Learning Approach
stat.ML
We propose a method for inferring the conditional independence graph (CIG) of a high-dimensional Gaussian vector time series (discrete-time process) from a finite-length observation. By contrast to existing approaches, we do not rely on a parametric process model (such as, e.g., an autoregressive model) for the observe...
computer science
22,043
Density Estimation via Discrepancy Based Adaptive Sequential Partition
stat.ML
Given $iid$ observations from an unknown absolute continuous distribution defined on some domain $\Omega$, we propose a nonparametric method to learn a piecewise constant function to approximate the underlying probability density function. Our density estimate is a piecewise constant function defined on a binary partit...
computer science
22,044
Tyler's Covariance Matrix Estimator in Elliptical Models with Convex Structure
stat.ML
We address structured covariance estimation in elliptical distributions by assuming that the covariance is a priori known to belong to a given convex set, e.g., the set of Toeplitz or banded matrices. We consider the General Method of Moments (GMM) optimization applied to robust Tyler's scatter M-estimator subject to t...
computer science
22,045
A Permutation Approach for Selecting the Penalty Parameter in Penalized Model Selection
stat.ML
We describe a simple, efficient, permutation based procedure for selecting the penalty parameter in the LASSO. The procedure, which is intended for applications where variable selection is the primary focus, can be applied in a variety of structural settings, including generalized linear models. We briefly discuss conn...
computer science
22,046
A Naive Bayes machine learning approach to risk prediction using censored, time-to-event data
stat.ML
Predicting an individual's risk of experiencing a future clinical outcome is a statistical task with important consequences for both practicing clinicians and public health experts. Modern observational databases such as electronic health records (EHRs) provide an alternative to the longitudinal cohort studies traditio...
computer science
22,047
Clustering via Mode Seeking by Direct Estimation of the Gradient of a Log-Density
stat.ML
Mean shift clustering finds the modes of the data probability density by identifying the zero points of the density gradient. Since it does not require to fix the number of clusters in advance, the mean shift has been a popular clustering algorithm in various application fields. A typical implementation of the mean shi...
computer science
22,048
Approximate Inference for Nonstationary Heteroscedastic Gaussian process Regression
stat.ML
This paper presents a novel approach for approximate integration over the uncertainty of noise and signal variances in Gaussian process (GP) regression. Our efficient and straightforward approach can also be applied to integration over input dependent noise variance (heteroscedasticity) and input dependent signal varia...
computer science
22,049
Bayesian Reconstruction of Missing Observations
stat.ML
We focus on an interpolation method referred to Bayesian reconstruction in this paper. Whereas in standard interpolation methods missing data are interpolated deterministically, in Bayesian reconstruction, missing data are interpolated probabilistically using a Bayesian treatment. In this paper, we address the framewor...
computer science
22,050
High Dimensional Semiparametric Latent Graphical Model for Mixed Data
stat.ML
Graphical models are commonly used tools for modeling multivariate random variables. While there exist many convenient multivariate distributions such as Gaussian distribution for continuous data, mixed data with the presence of discrete variables or a combination of both continuous and discrete variables poses new cha...
computer science
22,051
Support Consistency of Direct Sparse-Change Learning in Markov Networks
stat.ML
We study the problem of learning sparse structure changes between two Markov networks $P$ and $Q$. Rather than fitting two Markov networks separately to two sets of data and figuring out their differences, a recent work proposed to learn changes \emph{directly} via estimating the ratio between two Markov network models...
computer science
22,052
Large scale canonical correlation analysis with iterative least squares
stat.ML
Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) is a widely used statistical tool with both well established theory and favorable performance for a wide range of machine learning problems. However, computing CCA for huge datasets can be very slow since it involves implementing QR decomposition or singular value decomposition of h...
computer science
22,053
Predictive support recovery with TV-Elastic Net penalty and logistic regression: an application to structural MRI
stat.ML
The use of machine-learning in neuroimaging offers new perspectives in early diagnosis and prognosis of brain diseases. Although such multivariate methods can capture complex relationships in the data, traditional approaches provide irregular (l2 penalty) or scattered (l1 penalty) predictive pattern with a very limited...
computer science
22,054
Resolution-limit-free and local Non-negative Matrix Factorization quality functions for graph clustering
stat.ML
Many graph clustering quality functions suffer from a resolution limit, the inability to find small clusters in large graphs. So called resolution-limit-free quality functions do not have this limit. This property was previously introduced for hard clustering, that is, graph partitioning. We investigate the resolutio...
computer science
22,055
Efficient Bayesian Nonparametric Modelling of Structured Point Processes
stat.ML
This paper presents a Bayesian generative model for dependent Cox point processes, alongside an efficient inference scheme which scales as if the point processes were modelled independently. We can handle missing data naturally, infer latent structure, and cope with large numbers of observed processes. A further novel ...
computer science
22,056
Understanding Random Forests: From Theory to Practice
stat.ML
Data analysis and machine learning have become an integrative part of the modern scientific methodology, offering automated procedures for the prediction of a phenomenon based on past observations, unraveling underlying patterns in data and providing insights about the problem. Yet, caution should avoid using machine l...
computer science
22,057
Bayesian Probabilistic Matrix Factorization: A User Frequency Analysis
stat.ML
Matrix factorization (MF) has become a common approach to collaborative filtering, due to ease of implementation and scalability to large data sets. Two existing drawbacks of the basic model is that it does not incorporate side information on either users or items, and assumes a common variance for all users. We extend...
computer science
22,058
Automated Machine Learning on Big Data using Stochastic Algorithm Tuning
stat.ML
We introduce a means of automating machine learning (ML) for big data tasks, by performing scalable stochastic Bayesian optimisation of ML algorithm parameters and hyper-parameters. More often than not, the critical tuning of ML algorithm parameters has relied on domain expertise from experts, along with laborious hand...
computer science
22,059
Consistency and fluctuations for stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics
stat.ML
Applying standard Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms to large data sets is computationally expensive. Both the calculation of the acceptance probability and the creation of informed proposals usually require an iteration through the whole data set. The recently proposed stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics (SG...
computer science
22,060
Context-specific independence in graphical log-linear models
stat.ML
Log-linear models are the popular workhorses of analyzing contingency tables. A log-linear parameterization of an interaction model can be more expressive than a direct parameterization based on probabilities, leading to a powerful way of defining restrictions derived from marginal, conditional and context-specific ind...
computer science
22,061
Scalable Bayesian Modelling of Paired Symbols
stat.ML
We present a novel, scalable and Bayesian approach to modelling the occurrence of pairs of symbols (i,j) drawn from a large vocabulary. Observed pairs are assumed to be generated by a simple popularity based selection process followed by censoring using a preference function. By basing inference on the well-founded pri...
computer science
22,062
Sparse Estimation with Strongly Correlated Variables using Ordered Weighted L1 Regularization
stat.ML
This paper studies ordered weighted L1 (OWL) norm regularization for sparse estimation problems with strongly correlated variables. We prove sufficient conditions for clustering based on the correlation/colinearity of variables using the OWL norm, of which the so-called OSCAR is a particular case. Our results extend pr...
computer science
22,063
Raiders of the Lost Architecture: Kernels for Bayesian Optimization in Conditional Parameter Spaces
stat.ML
In practical Bayesian optimization, we must often search over structures with differing numbers of parameters. For instance, we may wish to search over neural network architectures with an unknown number of layers. To relate performance data gathered for different architectures, we define a new kernel for conditional p...
computer science
22,064
Probabilistic Network Metrics: Variational Bayesian Network Centrality
stat.ML
Network metrics form a fundamental part of the network analysis toolbox. Used to quantitatively measure different aspects of the network, these metrics can give insights into the underlying network structure and function. In this work, we connect network metrics to modern probabilistic machine learning. We focus on the...
computer science
22,065
The Randomized Causation Coefficient
stat.ML
We are interested in learning causal relationships between pairs of random variables, purely from observational data. To effectively address this task, the state-of-the-art relies on strong assumptions regarding the mechanisms mapping causes to effects, such as invertibility or the existence of additive noise, which on...
computer science
22,066
Non-linear Causal Inference using Gaussianity Measures
stat.ML
We provide theoretical and empirical evidence for a type of asymmetry between causes and effects that is present when these are related via linear models contaminated with additive non-Gaussian noise. Assuming that the causes and the effects have the same distribution, we show that the distribution of the residuals of ...
computer science
22,067
Expectation Propagation
stat.ML
Variational inference is a powerful concept that underlies many iterative approximation algorithms; expectation propagation, mean-field methods and belief propagations were all central themes at the school that can be perceived from this unifying framework. The lectures of Manfred Opper introduce the archetypal example...
computer science
22,068
Deconvolution of High-Dimensional Mixtures via Boosting, with Application to Diffusion-Weighted MRI of Human Brain
stat.ML
Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) and fiber tractography are the only methods to measure the structure of the white matter in the living human brain. The diffusion signal has been modelled as the combined contribution from many individual fascicles of nerve fibers passing through each location in the ...
computer science
22,069
MIST: L0 Sparse Linear Regression with Momentum
stat.ML
Significant attention has been given to minimizing a penalized least squares criterion for estimating sparse solutions to large linear systems of equations. The penalty is responsible for inducing sparsity and the natural choice is the so-called $l_0$ norm. In this paper we develop a Momentumized Iterative Shrinkage Th...
computer science
22,070
Unsupervised Bump Hunting Using Principal Components
stat.ML
Principal Components Analysis is a widely used technique for dimension reduction and characterization of variability in multivariate populations. Our interest lies in studying when and why the rotation to principal components can be used effectively within a response-predictor set relationship in the context of mode hu...
computer science
22,071
Linear State-Space Model with Time-Varying Dynamics
stat.ML
This paper introduces a linear state-space model with time-varying dynamics. The time dependency is obtained by forming the state dynamics matrix as a time-varying linear combination of a set of matrices. The time dependency of the weights in the linear combination is modelled by another linear Gaussian dynamical model...
computer science
22,072
Individualized Rank Aggregation using Nuclear Norm Regularization
stat.ML
In recent years rank aggregation has received significant attention from the machine learning community. The goal of such a problem is to combine the (partially revealed) preferences over objects of a large population into a single, relatively consistent ordering of those objects. However, in many cases, we might not w...
computer science
22,073
Graphical LASSO Based Model Selection for Time Series
stat.ML
We propose a novel graphical model selection (GMS) scheme for high-dimensional stationary time series or discrete time process. The method is based on a natural generalization of the graphical LASSO (gLASSO), introduced originally for GMS based on i.i.d. samples, and estimates the conditional independence graph (CIG) o...
computer science
22,074
Distributed Estimation, Information Loss and Exponential Families
stat.ML
Distributed learning of probabilistic models from multiple data repositories with minimum communication is increasingly important. We study a simple communication-efficient learning framework that first calculates the local maximum likelihood estimates (MLE) based on the data subsets, and then combines the local MLEs t...
computer science
22,075
Learning without Concentration for General Loss Functions
stat.ML
We study prediction and estimation problems using empirical risk minimization, relative to a general convex loss function. We obtain sharp error rates even when concentration is false or is very restricted, for example, in heavy-tailed scenarios. Our results show that the error rate depends on two parameters: one captu...
computer science
22,076
Convex Modeling of Interactions with Strong Heredity
stat.ML
We consider the task of fitting a regression model involving interactions among a potentially large set of covariates, in which we wish to enforce strong heredity. We propose FAMILY, a very general framework for this task. Our proposal is a generalization of several existing methods, such as VANISH [Radchenko and James...
computer science
22,077
Variational Reformulation of Bayesian Inverse Problems
stat.ML
The classical approach to inverse problems is based on the optimization of a misfit function. Despite its computational appeal, such an approach suffers from many shortcomings, e.g., non-uniqueness of solutions, modeling prior knowledge, etc. The Bayesian formalism to inverse problems avoids most of the difficulties en...
computer science
22,078
A General Stochastic Algorithmic Framework for Minimizing Expensive Black Box Objective Functions Based on Surrogate Models and Sensitivity Analysis
stat.ML
We are focusing on bound constrained global optimization problems, whose objective functions are computationally expensive black-box functions and have multiple local minima. The recently popular Metric Stochastic Response Surface (MSRS) algorithm proposed by \cite{Regis2007SRBF} based on adaptive or sequential learnin...
computer science
22,079
Bayesian Manifold Learning: The Locally Linear Latent Variable Model (LL-LVM)
stat.ML
We introduce the Locally Linear Latent Variable Model (LL-LVM), a probabilistic model for non-linear manifold discovery that describes a joint distribution over observations, their manifold coordinates and locally linear maps conditioned on a set of neighbourhood relationships. The model allows straightforward variatio...
computer science
22,080
Scalable Nonparametric Bayesian Inference on Point Processes with Gaussian Processes
stat.ML
In this paper we propose the first non-parametric Bayesian model using Gaussian Processes to make inference on Poisson Point Processes without resorting to gridding the domain or to introducing latent thinning points. Unlike competing models that scale cubically and have a squared memory requirement in the number of da...
computer science
22,081
An Aggregation Method for Sparse Logistic Regression
stat.ML
$L_1$ regularized logistic regression has now become a workhorse of data mining and bioinformatics: it is widely used for many classification problems, particularly ones with many features. However, $L_1$ regularization typically selects too many features and that so-called false positives are unavoidable. In this pape...
computer science
22,082
Fully Automated Myocardial Infarction Classification using Ordinary Differential Equations
stat.ML
Portable, Wearable and Wireless electrocardiogram (ECG) Systems have the potential to be used as point-of-care for cardiovascular disease diagnostic systems. Such wearable and wireless ECG systems require automatic detection of cardiovascular disease. Even in the primary care, automation of ECG diagnostic systems will ...
computer science
22,083
A Novel Statistical Method Based on Dynamic Models for Classification
stat.ML
Realizations of stochastic process are often observed temporal data or functional data. There are growing interests in classification of dynamic or functional data. The basic feature of functional data is that the functional data have infinite dimensions and are highly correlated. An essential issue for classifying dyn...
computer science
22,084
Sensitivity Analysis for Computationally Expensive Models using Optimization and Objective-oriented Surrogate Approximations
stat.ML
In this paper, we focus on developing efficient sensitivity analysis methods for a computationally expensive objective function $f(x)$ in the case that the minimization of it has just been performed. Here "computationally expensive" means that each of its evaluation takes significant amount of time, and therefore our m...
computer science
22,085
Multiple Output Regression with Latent Noise
stat.ML
In high-dimensional data, structured noise caused by observed and unobserved factors affecting multiple target variables simultaneously, imposes a serious challenge for modeling, by masking the often weak signal. Therefore, (1) explaining away the structured noise in multiple-output regression is of paramount importanc...
computer science
22,086
A General Statistic Framework for Genome-based Disease Risk Prediction
stat.ML
Advances of modern sensing and sequencing technologies generate a deluge of high dimensional space-temporal physiological and next-generation sequencing (NGS) data. Physiological traits are observed either as continuous random functions, or on a dense grid and referred to as function-valued traits. Both physiological a...
computer science
22,087
A Ternary Non-Commutative Latent Factor Model for Scalable Three-Way Real Tensor Completion
stat.ML
Motivated by large-scale Collaborative-Filtering applications, we present a Non-Commuting Latent Factor (NCLF) tensor-completion approach for modeling three-way arrays, which is diagonal like the standard PARAFAC, but wherein different terms distinguish different kinds of three-way relations of co-clusters, as determin...
computer science
22,088
Two New Approaches to Compressed Sensing Exhibiting Both Robust Sparse Recovery and the Grouping Effect
stat.ML
In this paper we introduce a new optimization formulation for sparse regression and compressed sensing, called CLOT (Combined L-One and Two), wherein the regularizer is a convex combination of the $\ell_1$- and $\ell_2$-norms. This formulation differs from the Elastic Net (EN) formulation, in which the regularizer is a...
computer science
22,089
On Estimating $L_2^2$ Divergence
stat.ML
We give a comprehensive theoretical characterization of a nonparametric estimator for the $L_2^2$ divergence between two continuous distributions. We first bound the rate of convergence of our estimator, showing that it is $\sqrt{n}$-consistent provided the densities are sufficiently smooth. In this smooth regime, we t...
computer science
22,090
Learning Mixed Multinomial Logit Model from Ordinal Data
stat.ML
Motivated by generating personalized recommendations using ordinal (or preference) data, we study the question of learning a mixture of MultiNomial Logit (MNL) model, a parameterized class of distributions over permutations, from partial ordinal or preference data (e.g. pair-wise comparisons). Despite its long standing...
computer science
22,091
Variational Inference for Gaussian Process Modulated Poisson Processes
stat.ML
We present the first fully variational Bayesian inference scheme for continuous Gaussian-process-modulated Poisson processes. Such point processes are used in a variety of domains, including neuroscience, geo-statistics and astronomy, but their use is hindered by the computational cost of existing inference schemes. Ou...
computer science
22,092
Sampling for Inference in Probabilistic Models with Fast Bayesian Quadrature
stat.ML
We propose a novel sampling framework for inference in probabilistic models: an active learning approach that converges more quickly (in wall-clock time) than Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) benchmarks. The central challenge in probabilistic inference is numerical integration, to average over ensembles of models or unk...
computer science
22,093
A Nonparametric Adaptive Nonlinear Statistical Filter
stat.ML
We use statistical learning methods to construct an adaptive state estimator for nonlinear stochastic systems. Optimal state estimation, in the form of a Kalman filter, requires knowledge of the system's process and measurement uncertainty. We propose that these uncertainties can be estimated from (conditioned on) past...
computer science
22,094
Simple approximate MAP Inference for Dirichlet processes
stat.ML
The Dirichlet process mixture (DPM) is a ubiquitous, flexible Bayesian nonparametric statistical model. However, full probabilistic inference in this model is analytically intractable, so that computationally intensive techniques such as Gibb's sampling are required. As a result, DPM-based methods, which have considera...
computer science
22,095
Proof Supplement - Learning Sparse Causal Models is not NP-hard (UAI2013)
stat.ML
This article contains detailed proofs and additional examples related to the UAI-2013 submission `Learning Sparse Causal Models is not NP-hard'. It describes the FCI+ algorithm: a method for sound and complete causal model discovery in the presence of latent confounders and/or selection bias, that has worst case polyno...
computer science
22,096
Stochastic Variational Inference for Hidden Markov Models
stat.ML
Variational inference algorithms have proven successful for Bayesian analysis in large data settings, with recent advances using stochastic variational inference (SVI). However, such methods have largely been studied in independent or exchangeable data settings. We develop an SVI algorithm to learn the parameters of hi...
computer science
22,097
Sublinear-Time Approximate MCMC Transitions for Probabilistic Programs
stat.ML
Probabilistic programming languages can simplify the development of machine learning techniques, but only if inference is sufficiently scalable. Unfortunately, Bayesian parameter estimation for highly coupled models such as regressions and state-space models still scales poorly; each MCMC transition takes linear time i...
computer science
22,098
Scalable Variational Gaussian Process Classification
stat.ML
Gaussian process classification is a popular method with a number of appealing properties. We show how to scale the model within a variational inducing point framework, outperforming the state of the art on benchmark datasets. Importantly, the variational formulation can be exploited to allow classification in problems...
computer science
22,099
Parameter estimation in spherical symmetry groups
stat.ML
This paper considers statistical estimation problems where the probability distribution of the observed random variable is invariant with respect to actions of a finite topological group. It is shown that any such distribution must satisfy a restricted finite mixture representation. When specialized to the case of dist...
computer science
22,100
Stochastic Compositional Gradient Descent: Algorithms for Minimizing Compositions of Expected-Value Functions
stat.ML
Classical stochastic gradient methods are well suited for minimizing expected-value objective functions. However, they do not apply to the minimization of a nonlinear function involving expected values or a composition of two expected-value functions, i.e., problems of the form $\min_x \mathbf{E}_v [f_v\big(\mathbf{E}_...
computer science
22,101
Causal Inference by Identification of Vector Autoregressive Processes with Hidden Components
stat.ML
A widely applied approach to causal inference from a non-experimental time series $X$, often referred to as "(linear) Granger causal analysis", is to regress present on past and interpret the regression matrix $\hat{B}$ causally. However, if there is an unmeasured time series $Z$ that influences $X$, then this approach...
computer science