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38,410 | Continuous Representation of Location for Geolocation and Lexical
Dialectology using Mixture Density Networks | cs.CL | We propose a method for embedding two-dimensional locations in a continuous
vector space using a neural network-based model incorporating mixtures of
Gaussian distributions, presenting two model variants for text-based
geolocation and lexical dialectology. Evaluated over Twitter data, the proposed
model outperforms con... | computer science |
38,411 | Discovering Political Topics in Facebook Discussion threads with
Spectral Contextualization | stat.AP | We propose a new technique, Spectral Contextualization, to study political
engagement on Facebook during the 2012 French presidential election. In
particular, we examine the Facebook posts of the eight leading candidates and
the comments beneath these posts. We find evidence of both (i)
candidate-centered structure, wh... | computer science |
38,412 | A dependency look at the reality of constituency | cs.CL | A comment on "Neurophysiological dynamics of phrase-structure building during
sentence processing" by Nelson et al (2017), Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences USA 114(18), E3669-E3678. | computer science |
38,413 | Making "fetch" happen: The influence of social and linguistic context on
nonstandard word growth and decline | cs.CL | In an online community, new words come and go: today's "haha" may be replaced
by tomorrow's "lol." Changes in online writing are usually studied as a social
process, with innovations diffusing through a network of individuals in a
speech community. But unlike other types of innovation, language change is
shaped and con... | computer science |
38,414 | Composition by Conversation | cs.SD | Most musical programming languages are developed purely for coding virtual
instruments or algorithmic compositions. Although there has been some work in
the domain of musical query languages for music information retrieval, there
has been little attempt to unify the principles of musical programming and
query languages... | computer science |
38,415 | Matrix and Graph Operations for Relationship Inference: An Illustration
with the Kinship Inference in the China Biographical Database | cs.DL | Biographical databases contain diverse information about individuals. Person
names, birth information, career, friends, family and special achievements are
some possible items in the record for an individual. The relationships between
individuals, such as kinship and friendship, provide invaluable insights about
hidden... | computer science |
38,416 | Social Media Text Processing and Semantic Analysis for Smart Cities | cs.SI | With the rise of Social Media, people obtain and share information almost
instantly on a 24/7 basis. Many research areas have tried to gain valuable
insights from these large volumes of freely available user generated content.
With the goal of extracting knowledge from social media streams that might be
useful in the... | computer science |
38,417 | Analyzing users' sentiment towards popular consumer industries and
brands on Twitter | cs.CL | Social media serves as a unified platform for users to express their thoughts
on subjects ranging from their daily lives to their opinion on consumer brands
and products. These users wield an enormous influence in shaping the opinions
of other consumers and influence brand perception, brand loyalty and brand
advocacy. ... | computer science |
38,418 | Inference of Personal Attributes from Tweets Using Machine Learning | cs.CY | Using machine learning algorithms, including deep learning, we studied the
prediction of personal attributes from the text of tweets, such as gender,
occupation, and age groups. We applied word2vec to construct word vectors,
which were then used to vectorize tweet blocks. The resulting tweet vectors
were used as inputs... | computer science |
38,419 | The Dependence of Frequency Distributions on Multiple Meanings of Words,
Codes and Signs | cs.CL | The dependence of the frequency distributions due to multiple meanings of
words in a text is investigated by deleting letters. By coding the words with
fewer letters the number of meanings per coded word increases. This increase is
measured and used as an input in a predictive theory. For a text written in
English, the... | computer science |
38,420 | Sentiment Perception of Readers and Writers in Emoji use | cs.IR | Previous research has traditionally analyzed emoji sentiment from the point
of view of the reader of the content not the author. Here, we analyze emoji
sentiment from the point of view of the author and present a emoji sentiment
benchmark that was built from an employee happiness dataset where emoji happen
to be annota... | computer science |
38,421 | A Neural Clickbait Detection Engine | cs.IR | In an age where people are becoming increasing likely to trust information
found through online media, journalists have begun employing techniques to lure
readers to articles by using catchy headlines, called clickbait. These
headlines entice the user into clicking through the article whilst not
providing information r... | computer science |
38,422 | The DIRHA-English corpus and related tasks for distant-speech
recognition in domestic environments | eess.AS | This paper introduces the contents and the possible usage of the
DIRHA-ENGLISH multi-microphone corpus, recently realized under the EC DIRHA
project. The reference scenario is a domestic environment equipped with a large
number of microphones and microphone arrays distributed in space.
The corpus is composed of both ... | computer science |
38,423 | Contaminated speech training methods for robust DNN-HMM distant speech
recognition | eess.AS | Despite the significant progress made in the last years, state-of-the-art
speech recognition technologies provide a satisfactory performance only in the
close-talking condition. Robustness of distant speech recognition in adverse
acoustic conditions, on the other hand, remains a crucial open issue for future
applicatio... | computer science |
38,424 | A Computational Framework for Multi-Modal Social Action Identification | cs.SI | We create a computational framework for understanding social action and
demonstrate how this framework can be used to build an open-source event
detection tool with scalable statistical machine learning algorithms and a
subsampled database of over 600 million geo-tagged Tweets from around the
world. These Tweets were c... | computer science |
38,425 | BridgeNets: Student-Teacher Transfer Learning Based on Recursive Neural
Networks and its Application to Distant Speech Recognition | cs.CL | Despite the remarkable progress achieved on automatic speech recognition,
recognizing far-field speeches mixed with various noise sources is still a
challenging task. In this paper, we introduce novel student-teacher transfer
learning, BridgeNet which can provide a solution to improve distant speech
recognition. There ... | computer science |
38,426 | Digitising Cultural Complexity: Representing Rich Cultural Data in a Big
Data environment | cs.CL | One of the major terminological forces driving ICT integration in research
today is that of "big data." While the phrase sounds inclusive and integrative,
"big data" approaches are highly selective, excluding input that cannot be
effectively structured, represented, or digitised. Data of this complex sort is
precisely ... | computer science |
38,427 | Recurrent Neural Networks as Weighted Language Recognizers | cs.FL | We investigate the computational complexity of various problems for simple
recurrent neural networks (RNNs) as formal models for recognizing weighted
languages. We focus on the single-layer, ReLU-activation, rational-weight RNNs
with softmax, which are commonly used in natural language processing
applications. We show ... | computer science |
38,428 | The Cultural Evolution of National Constitutions | cs.SI | We explore how ideas from infectious disease and genetics can be used to
uncover patterns of cultural inheritance and innovation in a corpus of 591
national constitutions spanning 1789 - 2008. Legal "Ideas" are encoded as
"topics" - words statistically linked in documents - derived from topic
modeling the corpus of con... | computer science |
38,429 | Unsupervised Adaptation with Domain Separation Networks for Robust
Speech Recognition | cs.CL | Unsupervised domain adaptation of speech signal aims at adapting a
well-trained source-domain acoustic model to the unlabeled data from target
domain. This can be achieved by adversarial training of deep neural network
(DNN) acoustic models to learn an intermediate deep representation that is both
senone-discriminative... | computer science |
38,430 | Graph Centrality Measures for Boosting Popularity-Based Entity Linking | cs.CL | Many Entity Linking systems use collective graph-based methods to
disambiguate the entity mentions within a document. Most of them have focused
on graph construction and initial weighting of the candidate entities, less
attention has been devoted to compare the graph ranking algorithms. In this
work, we focus on the gr... | computer science |
38,431 | EmTaggeR: A Word Embedding Based Novel Method for Hashtag Recommendation
on Twitter | cs.CL | The hashtag recommendation problem addresses recommending (suggesting) one or
more hashtags to explicitly tag a post made on a given social network platform,
based upon the content and context of the post. In this work, we propose a
novel methodology for hashtag recommendation for microblog posts, specifically
Twitter.... | computer science |
38,432 | Comparative analysis of criteria for filtering time series of word usage
frequencies | stat.ME | This paper describes a method of nonlinear wavelet thresholding of time
series. The Ramachandran-Ranganathan runs test is used to assess the quality of
approximation. To minimize the objective function, it is proposed to use
genetic algorithms - one of the stochastic optimization methods. The suggested
method is tested... | computer science |
38,433 | Learning Spontaneity to Improve Emotion Recognition In Speech | eess.AS | We investigate the effect and usefulness of spontaneity in speech (i.e.
whether a given speech data is spontaneous or not) in the context of emotion
recognition. We hypothesize that emotional content in speech is interrelated
with its spontaneity, and thus propose to use spontaneity classification as an
auxiliary task ... | computer science |
38,434 | A Novel Approach for Effective Learning in Low Resourced Scenarios | cs.CL | Deep learning based discriminative methods, being the state-of-the-art
machine learning techniques, are ill-suited for learning from lower amounts of
data. In this paper, we propose a novel framework, called simultaneous two
sample learning (s2sL), to effectively learn the class discriminative
characteristics, even fro... | computer science |
38,435 | Deep Learning for Distant Speech Recognition | cs.CL | Deep learning is an emerging technology that is considered one of the most
promising directions for reaching higher levels of artificial intelligence.
Among the other achievements, building computers that understand speech
represents a crucial leap towards intelligent machines. Despite the great
efforts of the past dec... | computer science |
38,436 | Emo, Love, and God: Making Sense of Urban Dictionary, a Crowd-Sourced
Online Dictionary | cs.CL | The Internet facilitates large-scale collaborative projects. The emergence of
Web~2.0 platforms, where producers and consumers of content unify, has
drastically changed the information market. On the one hand, the promise of the
"wisdom of the crowd" has inspired successful projects such as Wikipedia, which
has become ... | computer science |
38,437 | The origins of Zipf's meaning-frequency law | cs.CL | In his pioneering research, G. K. Zipf observed that more frequent words tend
to have more meanings, and showed that the number of meanings of a word grows
as the square root of its frequency. He derived this relationship from two
assumptions: that words follow Zipf's law for word frequencies (a power law
dependency be... | computer science |
38,438 | Exploring Architectures, Data and Units For Streaming End-to-End Speech
Recognition with RNN-Transducer | cs.CL | We investigate training end-to-end speech recognition models with the
recurrent neural network transducer (RNN-T): a streaming, all-neural,
sequence-to-sequence architecture which jointly learns acoustic and language
model components from transcribed acoustic data. We explore various model
architectures and demonstrate... | computer science |
38,439 | Topical Stance Detection for Twitter: A Two-Phase LSTM Model Using
Attention | cs.CL | The topical stance detection problem addresses detecting the stance of the
text content with respect to a given topic: whether the sentiment of the given
text content is in FAVOR of (positive), is AGAINST (negative), or is NONE
(neutral) towards the given topic. Using the concept of attention, we develop a
two-phase so... | computer science |
38,440 | Detecting Offensive Language in Tweets Using Deep Learning | cs.CL | This paper addresses the important problem of discerning hateful content in
social media. We propose a detection scheme that is an ensemble of Recurrent
Neural Network (RNN) classifiers, and it incorporates various features
associated with user-related information, such as the users' tendency towards
racism or sexism. ... | computer science |
38,441 | Grounded Language Understanding for Manipulation Instructions Using
GAN-Based Classification | cs.RO | The target task of this study is grounded language understanding for domestic
service robots (DSRs). In particular, we focus on instruction understanding for
short sentences where verbs are missing. This task is of critical importance to
build communicative DSRs because manipulation is essential for DSRs. Existing
inst... | computer science |
38,442 | Automatic Detection of Cyberbullying in Social Media Text | cs.CL | While social media offer great communication opportunities, they also
increase the vulnerability of young people to threatening situations online.
Recent studies report that cyberbullying constitutes a growing problem among
youngsters. Successful prevention depends on the adequate detection of
potentially harmful messa... | computer science |
38,443 | Deep Learning for Detecting Cyberbullying Across Multiple Social Media
Platforms | cs.IR | Harassment by cyberbullies is a significant phenomenon on the social media.
Existing works for cyberbullying detection have at least one of the following
three bottlenecks. First, they target only one particular social media platform
(SMP). Second, they address just one topic of cyberbullying. Third, they rely
on caref... | computer science |
38,444 | Empirical observations of ultraslow diffusion driven by the fractional
dynamics in languages: Dynamical statistical properties of word counts of
already popular words | cs.CL | Ultraslow diffusion (i.e. logarithmic diffusion) has been extensively studied
theoretically, but has hardly been observed empirically. In this paper,
firstly, we find the ultraslow-like diffusion of the time-series of word counts
of already popular words by analysing three different nationwide language
databases: (i) n... | computer science |
38,445 | Geospatial distributions reflect rates of evolution of features of
language | cs.CL | Different structural features of human language change at different rates and
thus exhibit different temporal stabilities. Existing methods of linguistic
stability estimation depend upon the prior genealogical classification of the
world's languages into language families; these methods result in unreliable
stability e... | computer science |
38,446 | Preparation of Improved Turkish DataSet for Sentiment Analysis in Social
Media | cs.CL | A public dataset, with a variety of properties suitable for sentiment
analysis [1], event prediction, trend detection and other text mining
applications, is needed in order to be able to successfully perform analysis
studies. The vast majority of data on social media is text-based and it is not
possible to directly app... | computer science |
38,447 | Characterisation of (Sub)sequential Rational Functions over a General
Class Monoids | cs.FL | In this technical report we describe a general class of monoids for which
(sub)sequential rational can be characterised in terms of a congruence relation
in the flavour of Myhill-Nerode relation. The class of monoids that we consider
can be described in terms of natural algebraic axioms, contains the free
monoids, grou... | computer science |
38,448 | The New Modality: Emoji Challenges in Prediction, Anticipation, and
Retrieval | cs.CL | Over the past decade, emoji have emerged as a new and widespread form of
digital communication, spanning diverse social networks and spoken languages.
We propose to treat these ideograms as a new modality in their own right,
distinct in their semantic structure from both the text in which they are often
embedded as wel... | computer science |
38,449 | Phonetic and Graphemic Systems for Multi-Genre Broadcast Transcription | cs.SD | State-of-the-art English automatic speech recognition systems typically use
phonetic rather than graphemic lexicons. Graphemic systems are known to perform
less well for English as the mapping from the written form to the spoken form
is complicated. However, in recent years the representational power of
deep-learning b... | computer science |
38,450 | Disunited Nations? A Multiplex Network Approach to Detecting Preference
Affinity Blocs using Texts and Votes | cs.CL | This paper contributes to an emerging literature that models votes and text
in tandem to better understand polarization of expressed preferences. It
introduces a new approach to estimate preference polarization in
multidimensional settings, such as international relations, based on
developments in the natural language ... | computer science |
38,451 | Comparing approaches for mitigating intergroup variability in
personality recognition | cs.SD | Personality have been found to predict many life outcomes, and there have
been huge interests on automatic personality recognition from a speaker's
utterance. Previously, we achieved accuracies between 37%-44% for three-way
classification of high, medium or low for each of the Big Five personality
traits (Openness to E... | computer science |
38,452 | Polisis: Automated Analysis and Presentation of Privacy Policies Using
Deep Learning | cs.CL | Privacy policies are the primary channel through which companies inform users
about their data collection and sharing practices. In their current form,
policies remain long and difficult to comprehend, thus merely serving the goal
of legally protecting the companies. Short notices based on information
extracted from pr... | computer science |
38,453 | Learning from Past Mistakes: Improving Automatic Speech Recognition
Output via Noisy-Clean Phrase Context Modeling | cs.CL | Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems lack joint optimization during
decoding over the acoustic, lexical and language models; for instance the ASR
will often prune words due to acoustics using short-term context, prior to
rescoring with long-term context. In this work we model the automated speech
transcription pr... | computer science |
38,454 | Joint Modeling of Accents and Acoustics for Multi-Accent Speech
Recognition | cs.CL | The performance of automatic speech recognition systems degrades with
increasing mismatch between the training and testing scenarios. Differences in
speaker accents are a significant source of such mismatch. The traditional
approach to deal with multiple accents involves pooling data from several
accents during trainin... | computer science |
38,455 | Articulatory information and Multiview Features for Large Vocabulary
Continuous Speech Recognition | cs.CL | This paper explores the use of multi-view features and their discriminative
transforms in a convolutional deep neural network (CNN) architecture for a
continuous large vocabulary speech recognition task. Mel-filterbank energies
and perceptually motivated forced damped oscillator coefficient (DOC) features
are used afte... | computer science |
38,456 | Structured-based Curriculum Learning for End-to-end English-Japanese
Speech Translation | cs.CL | Sequence-to-sequence attentional-based neural network architectures have been
shown to provide a powerful model for machine translation and speech
recognition. Recently, several works have attempted to extend the models for
end-to-end speech translation task. However, the usefulness of these models
were only investigat... | computer science |
38,457 | Authorship Attribution Using the Chaos Game Representation | cs.CL | The Chaos Game Representation, a method for creating images from nucleotide
sequences, is modified to make images from chunks of text documents. Machine
learning methods are then applied to train classifiers based on authorship.
Experiments are conducted on several benchmark data sets in English, including
the widely u... | computer science |
38,458 | Sentiment Analysis on Speaker Specific Speech Data | cs.CL | Sentiment analysis has evolved over past few decades, most of the work in it
revolved around textual sentiment analysis with text mining techniques. But
audio sentiment analysis is still in a nascent stage in the research community.
In this proposed research, we perform sentiment analysis on speaker
discriminated speec... | computer science |
38,459 | Interpreting DNN output layer activations: A strategy to cope with
unseen data in speech recognition | cs.CL | Unseen data can degrade performance of deep neural net acoustic models. To
cope with unseen data, adaptation techniques are deployed. For unlabeled unseen
data, one must generate some hypothesis given an existing model, which is used
as the label for model adaptation. However, assessing the goodness of the
hypothesis c... | computer science |
38,460 | Distilling Knowledge Using Parallel Data for Far-field Speech
Recognition | cs.CL | In order to improve the performance for far-field speech recognition, this
paper proposes to distill knowledge from the close-talking model to the
far-field model using parallel data. The close-talking model is called the
teacher model. The far-field model is called the student model. The student
model is trained to im... | computer science |
38,461 | Sequence-based Multi-lingual Low Resource Speech Recognition | cs.CL | Techniques for multi-lingual and cross-lingual speech recognition can help in
low resource scenarios, to bootstrap systems and enable analysis of new
languages and domains. End-to-end approaches, in particular sequence-based
techniques, are attractive because of their simplicity and elegance. While it
is possible to in... | computer science |
38,462 | Neural Predictive Coding using Convolutional Neural Networks towards
Unsupervised Learning of Speaker Characteristics | cs.SD | Learning speaker-specific features is vital in many applications like speaker
recognition, diarization and speech recognition. This paper provides a novel
approach, we term Neural Predictive Coding (NPC), to learn speaker-specific
characteristics in a completely unsupervised manner from large amounts of
unlabeled train... | computer science |
38,463 | Content-Based Citation Recommendation | cs.CL | We present a content-based method for recommending citations in an academic
paper draft. We embed a given query document into a vector space, then use its
nearest neighbors as candidates, and rerank the candidates using a
discriminative model trained to distinguish between observed and unobserved
citations. Unlike prev... | computer science |
38,464 | "You are no Jack Kennedy": On Media Selection of Highlights from
Presidential Debates | cs.SI | Political speeches and debates play an important role in shaping the images
of politicians, and the public often relies on media outlets to select bits of
political communication from a large pool of utterances. It is an important
research question to understand what factors impact this selection process.
To quantita... | computer science |
38,465 | Age Group Classification with Speech and Metadata Multimodality Fusion | cs.CL | Children comprise a significant proportion of TV viewers and it is worthwhile
to customize the experience for them. However, identifying who is a child in
the audience can be a challenging task. Identifying gender and age from audio
commands is a well-studied problem but is still very challenging to get good
accuracy w... | computer science |
38,466 | Precise but Natural Specification for Robot Tasks | cs.RO | We present Flipper, a natural language interface for describing high level
task specifications for robots that are compiled into robot actions. Flipper
starts with a formal core language for task planning that allows expressing
rich temporal specifications and uses a semantic parser to provide a natural
language interf... | computer science |
38,467 | Co-occurrence of the Benford-like and Zipf Laws Arising from the Texts
Representing Human and Artificial Languages | cs.CL | We demonstrate that large texts, representing human (English, Russian,
Ukrainian) and artificial (C++, Java) languages, display quantitative patterns
characterized by the Benford-like and Zipf laws. The frequency of a word
following the Zipf law is inversely proportional to its rank, whereas the total
numbers of a cert... | computer science |
38,468 | Community Interaction and Conflict on the Web | cs.SI | Users organize themselves into communities on web platforms. These
communities can interact with one another, often leading to conflicts and toxic
interactions. However, little is known about the mechanisms of interactions
between communities and how they impact users.
Here we study intercommunity interactions across... | computer science |
38,469 | Investigating the Effect of Music and Lyrics on Spoken-Word Recognition | cs.SD | Background music in social interaction settings can hinder conversation. Yet,
little is known of how specific properties of music impact speech processing.
This paper addresses this knowledge gap by investigating 1) whether the masking
effect of background music with lyrics is larger than that of music without
lyrics, ... | computer science |
38,470 | How to evaluate sentiment classifiers for Twitter time-ordered data? | cs.CL | Social media are becoming an increasingly important source of information
about the public mood regarding issues such as elections, Brexit, stock market,
etc. In this paper we focus on sentiment classification of Twitter data.
Construction of sentiment classifiers is a standard text mining task, but here
we address the... | computer science |
38,471 | Computational Geometry Column 38 | cs.CG | Recent results on curve reconstruction are described. | computer science |
38,472 | An Even Faster and More Unifying Algorithm for Comparing Trees via
Unbalanced Bipartite Matchings | cs.CV | A widely used method for determining the similarity of two labeled trees is
to compute a maximum agreement subtree of the two trees. Previous work on this
similarity measure is only concerned with the comparison of labeled trees of
two special kinds, namely, uniformly labeled trees (i.e., trees with all their
nodes lab... | computer science |
38,473 | Toward Natural Gesture/Speech Control of a Large Display | cs.CV | In recent years because of the advances in computer vision research, free
hand gestures have been explored as means of human-computer interaction (HCI).
Together with improved speech processing technology it is an important step
toward natural multimodal HCI. However, inclusion of non-predefined continuous
gestures int... | computer science |
38,474 | Digital Color Imaging | cs.CV | This paper surveys current technology and research in the area of digital
color imaging. In order to establish the background and lay down terminology,
fundamental concepts of color perception and measurement are first presented
us-ing vector-space notation and terminology. Present-day color recording and
reproduction ... | computer science |
38,475 | Structure from Motion: Theoretical Foundations of a Novel Approach Using
Custom Built Invariants | cs.CV | We rephrase the problem of 3D reconstruction from images in terms of
intersections of projections of orbits of custom built Lie groups actions. We
then use an algorithmic method based on moving frames "a la Fels-Olver" to
obtain a fundamental set of invariants of these groups actions. The invariants
are used to define ... | computer science |
38,476 | On the Cell-based Complexity of Recognition of Bounded Configurations by
Finite Dynamic Cellular Automata | cs.CC | This paper studies complexity of recognition of classes of bounded
configurations by a generalization of conventional cellular automata (CA) --
finite dynamic cellular automata (FDCA). Inspired by the CA-based models of
biological and computer vision, this study attempts to derive the properties of
a complexity measure... | computer science |
38,477 | Prosody Based Co-analysis for Continuous Recognition of Coverbal
Gestures | cs.CV | Although speech and gesture recognition has been studied extensively, all the
successful attempts of combining them in the unified framework were
semantically motivated, e.g., keyword-gesture cooccurrence. Such formulations
inherited the complexity of natural language processing. This paper presents a
Bayesian formulat... | computer science |
38,478 | Segmentation, Indexing, and Visualization of Extended Instructional
Videos | cs.IR | We present a new method for segmenting, and a new user interface for indexing
and visualizing, the semantic content of extended instructional videos. Given a
series of key frames from the video, we generate a condensed view of the data
by clustering frames according to media type and visual similarities. Using
various ... | computer science |
38,479 | Analysis and Interface for Instructional Video | cs.IR | We present a new method for segmenting, and a new user interface for indexing
and visualizing, the semantic content of extended instructional videos. Using
various visual filters, key frames are first assigned a media type (board,
class, computer, illustration, podium, and sheet). Key frames of media type
board and she... | computer science |
38,480 | Differential Methods in Catadioptric Sensor Design with Applications to
Panoramic Imaging | cs.CV | We discuss design techniques for catadioptric sensors that realize given
projections. In general, these problems do not have solutions, but approximate
solutions may often be found that are visually acceptable. There are several
methods to approach this problem, but here we focus on what we call the
``vector field appr... | computer science |
38,481 | The Generalized Riemann or Henstock Integral Underpinning Multivariate
Data Analysis: Application to Faint Structure Finding in Price Processes | cs.CE | Practical data analysis involves many implicit or explicit assumptions about
the good behavior of the data, and excludes consideration of various
potentially pathological or limit cases. In this work, we present a new general
theory of data, and of data processing, to bypass some of these assumptions.
The new framework... | computer science |
38,482 | On the complexity of curve fitting algorithms | cs.CC | We study a popular algorithm for fitting polynomial curves to scattered data
based on the least squares with gradient weights. We show that sometimes this
algorithm admits a substantial reduction of complexity, and, furthermore, find
precise conditions under which this is possible. It turns out that this is,
indeed, po... | computer science |
38,483 | Fast Verification of Convexity of Piecewise-linear Surfaces | cs.CG | We show that a realization of a closed connected PL-manifold of dimension n-1
in n-dimensional Euclidean space (n>2) is the boundary of a convex polyhedron
(finite or infinite) if and only if the interior of each (n-3)-face has a
point, which has a neighborhood lying on the boundary of an n-dimensional
convex body. No ... | computer science |
38,484 | A rigorous definition of axial lines: ridges on isovist fields | cs.CV | We suggest that 'axial lines' defined by (Hillier and Hanson, 1984) as lines
of uninterrupted movement within urban streetscapes or buildings, appear as
ridges in isovist fields (Benedikt, 1979). These are formed from the maximum
diametric lengths of the individual isovists, sometimes called viewsheds, that
make up the... | computer science |
38,485 | A New Computational Framework For 2D Shape-Enclosing Contours | cs.CV | In this paper, a new framework for one-dimensional contour extraction from
discrete two-dimensional data sets is presented. Contour extraction is
important in many scientific fields such as digital image processing, computer
vision, pattern recognition, etc. This novel framework includes (but is not
limited to) algorit... | computer science |
38,486 | Three-Dimensional Face Orientation and Gaze Detection from a Single
Image | cs.CV | Gaze detection and head orientation are an important part of many advanced
human-machine interaction applications. Many systems have been proposed for
gaze detection. Typically, they require some form of user cooperation and
calibration. Additionally, they may require multiple cameras and/or restricted
head positions. ... | computer science |
38,487 | Top-Down Unsupervised Image Segmentation (it sounds like oxymoron, but
actually it is not) | cs.CV | Pattern recognition is generally assumed as an interaction of two inversely
directed image-processing streams: the bottom-up information details gathering
and localization (segmentation) stream, and the top-down information features
aggregation, association and interpretation (recognition) stream. Inspired by
recent ev... | computer science |
38,488 | A hybrid MLP-PNN architecture for fast image superresolution | cs.CV | Image superresolution methods process an input image sequence of a scene to
obtain a still image with increased resolution. Classical approaches to this
problem involve complex iterative minimization procedures, typically with high
computational costs. In this paper is proposed a novel algorithm for
super-resolution th... | computer science |
38,489 | Semi-automatic vectorization of linear networks on rasterized
cartographic maps | cs.CV | A system for semi-automatic vectorization of linear networks (roads, rivers,
etc.) on rasterized cartographic maps is presented. In this system, human
intervention is limited to a graphic, interactive selection of the color
attributes of the information to be obtained. Using this data, the system
performs a preliminary... | computer science |
38,490 | Geometric Models of Rolling-Shutter Cameras | cs.CV | Cameras with rolling shutters are becoming more common as low-power, low-cost
CMOS sensors are being used more frequently in cameras. The rolling shutter
means that not all scanlines are exposed over the same time interval. The
effects of a rolling shutter are noticeable when either the camera or objects
in the scene a... | computer science |
38,491 | Convexity Analysis of Snake Models Based on Hamiltonian Formulation | cs.CV | This paper presents a convexity analysis for the dynamic snake model based on
the Potential Energy functional and the Hamiltonian formulation of the
classical mechanics. First we see the snake model as a dynamical system whose
singular points are the borders we seek. Next we show that a necessary
condition for a singul... | computer science |
38,492 | An Efficient Approximation Algorithm for Point Pattern Matching Under
Noise | cs.CV | Point pattern matching problems are of fundamental importance in various
areas including computer vision and structural bioinformatics. In this paper,
we study one of the more general problems, known as LCP (largest common point
set problem): Let $\PP$ and $\QQ$ be two point sets in $\mathbb{R}^3$, and let
$\epsilon \g... | computer science |
38,493 | Spatiotemporal sensistivity and visual attention for efficient rendering
of dynamic environments | cs.GR | We present a method to accelerate global illumination computation in dynamic
environments by taking advantage of limitations of the human visual system. A
model of visual attention is used to locate regions of interest in a scene and
to modulate spatiotemporal sensitivity. The method is applied in the form of a
spatiot... | computer science |
38,494 | The consistency principle for a digitization procedure. An algorithm for
building normal digital spaces of continuous n-dimensional objects | cs.CV | This paper considers conditions, which allow to preserve important
topological and geometric properties in the process of digitization. For this
purpose, we introduce a triplet {C,M,D} consisting of a continuous object C, an
intermediate model M, which is a collection of subregions whose union is C, a
digital model D, ... | computer science |
38,495 | Similarity of Objects and the Meaning of Words | cs.CV | We survey the emerging area of compression-based, parameter-free, similarity
distance measures useful in data-mining, pattern recognition, learning and
automatic semantics extraction. Given a family of distances on a set of
objects, a distance is universal up to a certain precision for that family if
it minorizes every... | computer science |
38,496 | A Better Alternative to Piecewise Linear Time Series Segmentation | cs.DB | Time series are difficult to monitor, summarize and predict. Segmentation
organizes time series into few intervals having uniform characteristics
(flatness, linearity, modality, monotonicity and so on). For scalability, we
require fast linear time algorithms. The popular piecewise linear model can
determine where the d... | computer science |
38,497 | Stability in multidimensional Size Theory | cs.CG | This paper proves that in Size Theory the comparison of multidimensional size
functions can be reduced to the 1-dimensional case by a suitable change of
variables. Indeed, we show that a foliation in half-planes can be given, such
that the restriction of a multidimensional size function to each of these
half-planes tur... | computer science |
38,498 | In Quest of Image Semantics: Are We Looking for It Under the Right
Lamppost? | cs.CV | In the last years we witness a dramatic growth of research focused on
semantic image understanding. Indeed, without understanding image content
successful accomplishment of any image-processing task is simply incredible. Up
to the recent times, the ultimate need for such understanding has been met by
the knowledge that... | computer science |
38,499 | Plot 94 in ambiance X-Window | cs.CV | <PLOT > is a collection of routines to draw surfaces, contours and so on. In
this work we are presenting a version, that functions over work stations with
the operative system UNIX, that count with the graphic ambiance X-WINDOW with
the tools XLIB and OSF/MOTIF. This implant was realized for the work stations
DEC 5000-... | computer science |
38,500 | Perception games, the image understanding and interpretational geometry | math.HO | The interactive game theoretical approach to the description of perception
processes is proposed. The subject is treated formally in terms of a new class
of the verbalizable interactive games which are called the perception games. An
application of the previously elaborated formalism of dialogues and
verbalizable inter... | computer science |
38,501 | An active curve approach for tomographic reconstruction of binary
radially symmetric objects | math.OC | This paper deals with a method of tomographic reconstruction of radially
symmetric objects from a single radiograph, in order to study the behavior of
shocked material. The usual tomographic reconstruction algorithms such as
generalized inverse or filtered back-projection cannot be applied here because
data are very no... | computer science |
38,502 | Linear versus Non-linear Acquisition of Step-Functions | math.CA | We address in this paper the following two closely related problems:
1. How to represent functions with singularities (up to a prescribed
accuracy) in a compact way?
2. How to reconstruct such functions from a small number of measurements?
The stress is on a comparison of linear and non-linear approaches. As a mo... | computer science |
38,503 | Functional dissipation microarrays for classification | cs.CV | In this article, we describe a new method of extracting information from
signals, called functional dissipation, that proves to be very effective for
enhancing classification of high resolution, texture-rich data. Our algorithm
bypasses to some extent the need to have very specialized feature extraction
techniques, and... | computer science |
38,504 | Analogue Quantum Computers for Data Analysis | cs.CV | Analogue computers use continuous properties of physical system for modeling.
In the paper is described possibility of modeling by analogue quantum computers
for some model of data analysis. It is analogue associative memory and a formal
neural network. A particularity of the models is combination of continuous
interna... | computer science |
38,505 | Evolutionary Optimisation Methods for Template Based Image Registration | cs.CE | This paper investigates the use of evolutionary optimisation techniques to
register a template with a scene image. An error function is created to measure
the correspondence of the template to the image. The problem presented here is
to optimise the horizontal, vertical and scaling parameters that register the
template... | computer science |
38,506 | Local Area Damage Detection in Composite Structures Using Piezoelectric
Transducers | cs.SD | An integrated and automated smart structures approach for structural health
monitoring is presented, utilizing an array of piezoelectric transducers
attached to or embedded within the structure for both actuation and sensing.
The system actively interrogates the structure via broadband excitation of
multiple actuators ... | computer science |
38,507 | Towards understanding and modelling office daily life | cs.CV | Measuring and modeling human behavior is a very complex task. In this paper
we present our initial thoughts on modeling and automatic recognition of some
human activities in an office. We argue that to successfully model human
activities, we need to consider both individual behavior and group dynamics. To
demonstrate t... | computer science |
38,508 | The Fuzzy Vault for fingerprints is Vulnerable to Brute Force Attack | cs.CV | The \textit{fuzzy vault} approach is one of the best studied and well
accepted ideas for binding cryptographic security into biometric
authentication. The vault has been implemented in connection with fingerprint
data by Uludag and Jain. We show that this instance of the vault is vulnerable
to brute force attack. An in... | computer science |
38,509 | Probabilistic Visual Secret Sharing Schemes for Gray-scale images and
Color images | cs.CR | Visual secrete sharing (VSS) is an encryption technique that utilizes human
visual system in the recovering of the secret image and it does not require any
complex calculation. Pixel expansion has been a major issue of VSS schemes. A
number of probabilistic VSS schemes with minimum pixel expansion have been
proposed fo... | computer science |
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