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38,210
Echoes of power: Language effects and power differences in social interaction
cs.SI
Understanding social interaction within groups is key to analyzing online communities. Most current work focuses on structural properties: who talks to whom, and how such interactions form larger network structures. The interactions themselves, however, generally take place in the form of natural language --- either sp...
computer science
38,211
Random Context and Semi-Conditional Insertion-Deletion Systems
cs.FL
In this article we introduce the operations of insertion and deletion working in a random-context and semi-conditional manner. We show that the conditional use of rules strictly increase the computational power. In the case of semi-conditional insertion-deletion systems context-free insertion and deletion rules of one ...
computer science
38,212
Comparing intermittency and network measurements of words and their dependency on authorship
cs.CL
Many features from texts and languages can now be inferred from statistical analyses using concepts from complex networks and dynamical systems. In this paper we quantify how topological properties of word co-occurrence networks and intermittency (or burstiness) in word distribution depend on the style of authors. Our ...
computer science
38,213
A Hindi Speech Actuated Computer Interface for Web Search
cs.CL
Aiming at increasing system simplicity and flexibility, an audio evoked based system was developed by integrating simplified headphone and user-friendly software design. This paper describes a Hindi Speech Actuated Computer Interface for Web search (HSACIWS), which accepts spoken queries in Hindi language and provides ...
computer science
38,214
Letter counting: a stem cell for Cryptology, Quantitative Linguistics, and Statistics
math.HO
Counting letters in written texts is a very ancient practice. It has accompanied the development of Cryptology, Quantitative Linguistics, and Statistics. In Cryptology, counting frequencies of the different characters in an encrypted message is the basis of the so called frequency analysis method. In Quantitative Lingu...
computer science
38,215
Semantics and pragmatics in actual software applications and in web search engines: exploring innovations
cs.IR
While new ways to use the Semantic Web are developed every week, which allow the user to find information on web more accurately - for example in search engines - some sophisticated pragmatic tools are becoming more important - for example in web interfaces known as Social Intelligence, or in the most famous Siri by Ap...
computer science
38,216
An alternative Gospel of structure: order, composition, processes
math.CT
We survey some basic mathematical structures, which arguably are more primitive than the structures taught at school. These structures are orders, with or without composition, and (symmetric) monoidal categories. We list several `real life' incarnations of each of these. This paper also serves as an introduction to the...
computer science
38,217
On the Necessity of Mixed Models: Dynamical Frustrations in the Mind
nlin.CD
In the present work we will present and analyze some basic processes at the local and global level in linguistic derivations that seem to go beyond the limits of Markovian or Turing-like computation, and require, in our opinion, a quantum processor. We will first present briefly the working hypothesis and then focus on...
computer science
38,218
Good Debt or Bad Debt: Detecting Semantic Orientations in Economic Texts
cs.CL
The use of robo-readers to analyze news texts is an emerging technology trend in computational finance. In recent research, a substantial effort has been invested to develop sophisticated financial polarity-lexicons that can be used to investigate how financial sentiments relate to future company performance. However, ...
computer science
38,219
Information content versus word length in natural language: A reply to Ferrer-i-Cancho and Moscoso del Prado Martin [arXiv:1209.1751]
cs.CL
Recently, Ferrer i Cancho and Moscoso del Prado Martin [arXiv:1209.1751] argued that an observed linear relationship between word length and average surprisal (Piantadosi, Tily, & Gibson, 2011) is not evidence for communicative efficiency in human language. We discuss several shortcomings of their approach and critique...
computer science
38,220
Reading Stockholm Riots 2013 in social media by text-mining
cs.SI
The riots in Stockholm in May 2013 were an event that reverberated in the world media for its dimension of violence that had spread through the Swedish capital. In this study we have investigated the role of social media in creating media phenomena via text mining and natural language processing. We have focused on two...
computer science
38,221
Spatio-temporal variation of conversational utterances on Twitter
cs.CL
Conversations reflect the existing norms of a language. Previously, we found that utterance lengths in English fictional conversations in books and movies have shortened over a period of 200 years. In this work, we show that this shortening occurs even for a brief period of 3 years (September 2009-December 2012) using ...
computer science
38,222
Forecasting of Events by Tweet Data Mining
cs.SI
This paper describes the analysis of quantitative characteristics of frequent sets and association rules in the posts of Twitter microblogs related to different event discussions. For the analysis, we used a theory of frequent sets, association rules and a theory of formal concept analysis. We revealed the frequent set...
computer science
38,223
Can Twitter Predict Royal Baby's Name ?
cs.SI
In this paper, we analyze the existence of possible correlation between public opinion of twitter users and the decision-making of persons who are influential in the society. We carry out this analysis on the example of the discussion of probable name of the British crown baby, born in July, 2013. In our study, we use ...
computer science
38,224
The optimality of attaching unlinked labels to unlinked meanings
cs.CL
Vocabulary learning by children can be characterized by many biases. When encountering a new word, children as well as adults, are biased towards assuming that it means something totally different from the words that they already know. To the best of our knowledge, the 1st mathematical proof of the optimality of this b...
computer science
38,225
Sockpuppet Detection in Wikipedia: A Corpus of Real-World Deceptive Writing for Linking Identities
cs.CL
This paper describes the corpus of sockpuppet cases we gathered from Wikipedia. A sockpuppet is an online user account created with a fake identity for the purpose of covering abusive behavior and/or subverting the editing regulation process. We used a semi-automated method for crawling and curating a dataset of real s...
computer science
38,226
Individual Biases, Cultural Evolution, and the Statistical Nature of Language Universals: The Case of Colour Naming Systems
cs.CL
Language universals have long been attributed to an innate Universal Grammar. An alternative explanation states that linguistic universals emerged independently in every language in response to shared cognitive or perceptual biases. A computational model has recently shown how this could be the case, focusing on the pa...
computer science
38,227
A Preadapted Universal Switch Distribution for Testing Hilberg's Conjecture
cs.IT
Hilberg's conjecture about natural language states that the mutual information between two adjacent long blocks of text grows like a power of the block length. The exponent in this statement can be upper bounded using the pointwise mutual information estimate computed for a carefully chosen code. The bound is the bette...
computer science
38,228
Big Data and Cross-Document Coreference Resolution: Current State and Future Opportunities
cs.CL
Information Extraction (IE) is the task of automatically extracting structured information from unstructured/semi-structured machine-readable documents. Among various IE tasks, extracting actionable intelligence from ever-increasing amount of data depends critically upon Cross-Document Coreference Resolution (CDCR) - t...
computer science
38,229
mARC: Memory by Association and Reinforcement of Contexts
cs.IR
This paper introduces the memory by Association and Reinforcement of Contexts (mARC). mARC is a novel data modeling technology rooted in the second quantization formulation of quantum mechanics. It is an all-purpose incremental and unsupervised data storage and retrieval system which can be applied to all types of sign...
computer science
38,230
Application of Ontologies in Identifying Requirements Patterns in Use Cases
cs.SE
Use case specifications have successfully been used for requirements description. They allow joining, in the same modeling space, the expectations of the stakeholders as well as the needs of the software engineer and analyst involved in the process. While use cases are not meant to describe a system's implementation, b...
computer science
38,231
Targeting HIV-related Medication Side Effects and Sentiment Using Twitter Data
cs.SI
We present a descriptive analysis of Twitter data. Our study focuses on extracting the main side effects associated with HIV treatments. The crux of our work was the identification of personal tweets referring to HIV. We summarize our results in an infographic aimed at the general public. In addition, we present a meas...
computer science
38,232
Mathematical Language Processing Project
cs.DL
In natural language, words and phrases themselves imply the semantics. In contrast, the meaning of identifiers in mathematical formulae is undefined. Thus scientists must study the context to decode the meaning. The Mathematical Language Processing (MLP) project aims to support that process. In this paper, we compare t...
computer science
38,233
Toward Selectivity Based Keyword Extraction for Croatian News
cs.CL
Preliminary report on network based keyword extraction for Croatian is an unsupervised method for keyword extraction from the complex network. We build our approach with a new network measure the node selectivity, motivated by the research of the graph based centrality approaches. The node selectivity is defined as the...
computer science
38,234
Principles and Parameters: a coding theory perspective
cs.CL
We propose an approach to Longobardi's parametric comparison method (PCM) via the theory of error-correcting codes. One associates to a collection of languages to be analyzed with the PCM a binary (or ternary) code with one code words for each language in the family and each word consisting of the binary values of the ...
computer science
38,235
A Latent Space Analysis of Editor Lifecycles in Wikipedia
cs.SI
Collaborations such as Wikipedia are a key part of the value of the modern Internet. At the same time there is concern that these collaborations are threatened by high levels of member turnover. In this paper we borrow ideas from topic analysis to editor activity on Wikipedia over time into a latent space that offers a...
computer science
38,236
Zipf's law for word frequencies: word forms versus lemmas in long texts
cs.CL
Zipf's law is a fundamental paradigm in the statistics of written and spoken natural language as well as in other communication systems. We raise the question of the elementary units for which Zipf's law should hold in the most natural way, studying its validity for plain word forms and for the corresponding lemma form...
computer science
38,237
Structure of a media co-occurrence network
cs.CL
Social networks have been of much interest in recent years. We here focus on a network structure derived from co-occurrences of people in traditional newspaper media. We find three clear deviations from what can be expected in a random graph. First, the average degree in the empirical network is much lower than expecte...
computer science
38,238
Analyzing the Language of Food on Social Media
cs.CL
We investigate the predictive power behind the language of food on social media. We collect a corpus of over three million food-related posts from Twitter and demonstrate that many latent population characteristics can be directly predicted from this data: overweight rate, diabetes rate, political leaning, and home geo...
computer science
38,239
Approximating solution structure of the Weighted Sentence Alignment problem
cs.CL
We study the complexity of approximating solution structure of the bijective weighted sentence alignment problem of DeNero and Klein (2008). In particular, we consider the complexity of finding an alignment that has a significant overlap with an optimal alignment. We discuss ways of representing the solution for the ge...
computer science
38,240
Exploiting Social Network Structure for Person-to-Person Sentiment Analysis
cs.SI
Person-to-person evaluations are prevalent in all kinds of discourse and important for establishing reputations, building social bonds, and shaping public opinion. Such evaluations can be analyzed separately using signed social networks and textual sentiment analysis, but this misses the rich interactions between langu...
computer science
38,241
The meaning-frequency law in Zipfian optimization models of communication
cs.CL
According to Zipf's meaning-frequency law, words that are more frequent tend to have more meanings. Here it is shown that a linear dependency between the frequency of a form and its number of meanings is found in a family of models of Zipf's law for word frequencies. This is evidence for a weak version of the meaning-f...
computer science
38,242
Does network complexity help organize Babel's library?
cs.CL
In this work, we study properties of texts from the perspective of complex network theory. Words in given texts are linked by co-occurrence and transformed into networks, and we observe that these display topological properties common to other complex systems. However, there are some properties that seem to be exclusiv...
computer science
38,243
Using social network graph analysis for interest detection
cs.SI
A person's interests exist as an internal state and are difficult to define. Since only external actions are observable, a proxy must be used that represents someone's interests. Techniques like collaborative filtering, behavioral targeting, and hashtag analysis implicitly model an individual's interests. I argue that ...
computer science
38,244
A stronger null hypothesis for crossing dependencies
cs.CL
The syntactic structure of a sentence can be modeled as a tree where vertices are words and edges indicate syntactic dependencies between words. It is well-known that those edges normally do not cross when drawn over the sentence. Here a new null hypothesis for the number of edge crossings of a sentence is presented. T...
computer science
38,245
Non-crossing dependencies: least effort, not grammar
cs.CL
The use of null hypotheses (in a statistical sense) is common in hard sciences but not in theoretical linguistics. Here the null hypothesis that the low frequency of syntactic dependency crossings is expected by an arbitrary ordering of words is rejected. It is shown that this would require star dependency structures, ...
computer science
38,246
Exemplar Dynamics and Sound Merger in Language
cs.CL
We develop a model of phonological contrast in natural language. Specifically, the model describes the maintenance of contrast between different words in a language, and the elimination of such contrast when sounds in the words merge. An example of such a contrast is that provided by the two vowel sounds 'i' and 'e', w...
computer science
38,247
Optimization models of natural communication
cs.CL
A family of information theoretic models of communication was introduced more than a decade ago to explain the origins of Zipf's law for word frequencies. The family is a based on a combination of two information theoretic principles: maximization of mutual information between forms and meanings and minimization of for...
computer science
38,248
Zipf's Law and the Frequency of Characters or Words of Oracles
cs.CL
The article discusses the frequency of characters of Oracle,concluding that the frequency and the rank of a word or character is fit to Zipf-Mandelboit Law or Zipf's law with three parameters,and figuring out the parameters based on the frequency,and pointing out that what some researchers of Oracle call the assembling...
computer science
38,249
Reply to the commentary "Be careful when assuming the obvious", by P. Alday
cs.CL
Here we respond to some comments by Alday concerning headedness in linguistic theory and the validity of the assumptions of a mathematical model for word order. For brevity, we focus only on two assumptions: the unit of measurement of dependency length and the monotonicity of the cost of a dependency as a function of i...
computer science
38,250
Proceedings of the 11th workshop on Quantum Physics and Logic
cs.LO
This volume contains the proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on Quantum Physics and Logic (QPL 2014), which was held from the 4th to the 6th of June, 2014, at Kyoto University, Japan. The goal of the QPL workshop series is to bring together researchers working on mathematical foundations of quantum physics...
computer science
38,251
From Logical to Distributional Models
cs.LO
The paper relates two variants of semantic models for natural language, logical functional models and compositional distributional vector space models, by transferring the logic and reasoning from the logical to the distributional models. The geometrical operations of quantum logic are reformulated as algebraic opera...
computer science
38,252
Cross-language Wikipedia Editing of Okinawa, Japan
cs.CY
This article analyzes users who edit Wikipedia articles about Okinawa, Japan, in English and Japanese. It finds these users are among the most active and dedicated users in their primary languages, where they make many large, high-quality edits. However, when these users edit in their non-primary languages, they tend t...
computer science
38,253
Characterizing the Google Books corpus: Strong limits to inferences of socio-cultural and linguistic evolution
cs.CL
It is tempting to treat frequency trends from the Google Books data sets as indicators of the "true" popularity of various words and phrases. Doing so allows us to draw quantitatively strong conclusions about the evolution of cultural perception of a given topic, such as time or gender. However, the Google Books corpus...
computer science
38,254
Implementation of an Automatic Syllabic Division Algorithm from Speech Files in Portuguese Language
cs.SD
A new algorithm for voice automatic syllabic splitting in the Portuguese language is proposed, which is based on the envelope of the speech signal of the input audio file. A computational implementation in MatlabTM is presented and made available at the URL http://www2.ee.ufpe.br/codec/divisao_silabica.html. Due to its...
computer science
38,255
Eliciting Disease Data from Wikipedia Articles
cs.IR
Traditional disease surveillance systems suffer from several disadvantages, including reporting lags and antiquated technology, that have caused a movement towards internet-based disease surveillance systems. Internet systems are particularly attractive for disease outbreaks because they can provide data in near real-t...
computer science
38,256
QUOTUS: The Structure of Political Media Coverage as Revealed by Quoting Patterns
cs.CL
Given the extremely large pool of events and stories available, media outlets need to focus on a subset of issues and aspects to convey to their audience. Outlets are often accused of exhibiting a systematic bias in this selection process, with different outlets portraying different versions of reality. However, in the...
computer science
38,257
Mining and discovering biographical information in Difangzhi with a language-model-based approach
cs.CL
We present results of expanding the contents of the China Biographical Database by text mining historical local gazetteers, difangzhi. The goal of the database is to see how people are connected together, through kinship, social connections, and the places and offices in which they served. The gazetteers are the single...
computer science
38,258
Towards a relation extraction framework for cyber-security concepts
cs.IR
In order to assist security analysts in obtaining information pertaining to their network, such as novel vulnerabilities, exploits, or patches, information retrieval methods tailored to the security domain are needed. As labeled text data is scarce and expensive, we follow developments in semi-supervised Natural Langua...
computer science
38,259
Document Classification by Inversion of Distributed Language Representations
cs.CL
There have been many recent advances in the structure and measurement of distributed language models: those that map from words to a vector-space that is rich in information about word choice and composition. This vector-space is the distributed language representation. The goal of this note is to point out that any di...
computer science
38,260
How much is said in a microblog? A multilingual inquiry based on Weibo and Twitter
cs.SI
This paper presents a multilingual study on, per single post of microblog text, (a) how much can be said, (b) how much is written in terms of characters and bytes, and (c) how much is said in terms of information content in posts by different organizations in different languages. Focusing on three different languages (...
computer science
38,261
On Quantum Generalizations of Information-Theoretic Measures and their Contribution to Distributional Semantics
cs.IT
Information-theoretic measures such as relative entropy and correlation are extremely useful when modeling or analyzing the interaction of probabilistic systems. We survey the quantum generalization of 5 such measures and point out some of their commonalities and interpretations. In particular we find the application o...
computer science
38,262
Video (GIF) Sentiment Analysis using Large-Scale Mid-Level Ontology
cs.MM
With faster connection speed, Internet users are now making social network a huge reservoir of texts, images and video clips (GIF). Sentiment analysis for such online platform can be used to predict political elections, evaluates economic indicators and so on. However, GIF sentiment analysis is quite challenging, not o...
computer science
38,263
Entity-Specific Sentiment Classification of Yahoo News Comments
cs.CL
Sentiment classification is widely used for product reviews and in online social media such as forums, Twitter, and blogs. However, the problem of classifying the sentiment of user comments on news sites has not been addressed yet. News sites cover a wide range of domains including politics, sports, technology, and ent...
computer science
38,264
Editorial for the First Workshop on Mining Scientific Papers: Computational Linguistics and Bibliometrics
cs.CL
The workshop "Mining Scientific Papers: Computational Linguistics and Bibliometrics" (CLBib 2015), co-located with the 15th International Society of Scientometrics and Informetrics Conference (ISSI 2015), brought together researchers in Bibliometrics and Computational Linguistics in order to study the ways Bibliometric...
computer science
38,265
Detection and Analysis of Emotion From Speech Signals
cs.SD
Recognizing emotion from speech has become one the active research themes in speech processing and in applications based on human-computer interaction. This paper conducts an experimental study on recognizing emotions from human speech. The emotions considered for the experiments include neutral, anger, joy and sadness...
computer science
38,266
How to improve robustness in Kohonen maps and display additional information in Factorial Analysis: application to text mining
math.ST
This article is an extended version of a paper presented in the WSOM'2012 conference [1]. We display a combination of factorial projections, SOM algorithm and graph techniques applied to a text mining problem. The corpus contains 8 medieval manuscripts which were used to teach arithmetic techniques to merchants. Among ...
computer science
38,267
WYSIWYE: An Algebra for Expressing Spatial and Textual Rules for Visual Information Extraction
cs.CL
The visual layout of a webpage can provide valuable clues for certain types of Information Extraction (IE) tasks. In traditional rule based IE frameworks, these layout cues are mapped to rules that operate on the HTML source of the webpages. In contrast, we have developed a framework in which the rules can be specified...
computer science
38,268
Requirement Tracing using Term Extraction
cs.SE
Requirements traceability is an essential step in ensuring the quality of software during the early stages of its development life cycle. Requirements tracing usually consists of document parsing, candidate link generation and evaluation and traceability analysis. This paper demonstrates the applicability of Statistica...
computer science
38,269
Mining and Analyzing the Future Works in Scientific Articles
cs.DL
Future works in scientific articles are valuable for researchers and they can guide researchers to new research directions or ideas. In this paper, we mine the future works in scientific articles in order to 1) provide an insight for future work analysis and 2) facilitate researchers to search and browse future works i...
computer science
38,270
Spin Glass Models of Syntax and Language Evolution
cs.CL
Using the SSWL database of syntactic parameters of world languages, and the MIT Media Lab data on language interactions, we construct a spin glass model of language evolution. We treat binary syntactic parameters as spin states, with languages as vertices of a graph, and assigned interaction energies along the edges. W...
computer science
38,271
Privacy-Preserving Multi-Document Summarization
cs.IR
State-of-the-art extractive multi-document summarization systems are usually designed without any concern about privacy issues, meaning that all documents are open to third parties. In this paper we propose a privacy-preserving approach to multi-document summarization. Our approach enables other parties to obtain summa...
computer science
38,272
Information-theoretical analysis of the statistical dependencies among three variables: Applications to written language
cs.CL
We develop the information-theoretical concepts required to study the statistical dependencies among three variables. Some of such dependencies are pure triple interactions, in the sense that they cannot be explained in terms of a combination of pairwise correlations. We derive bounds for triple dependencies, and chara...
computer science
38,273
Echoes of Persuasion: The Effect of Euphony in Persuasive Communication
cs.CL
While the effect of various lexical, syntactic, semantic and stylistic features have been addressed in persuasive language from a computational point of view, the persuasive effect of phonetics has received little attention. By modeling a notion of euphony and analyzing four datasets comprising persuasive and non-persu...
computer science
38,274
A fully data-driven method to identify (correlated) changes in diachronic corpora
cs.CL
In this paper, a method for measuring synchronic corpus (dis-)similarity put forward by Kilgarriff (2001) is adapted and extended to identify trends and correlated changes in diachronic text data, using the Corpus of Historical American English (Davies 2010a) and the Google Ngram Corpora (Michel et al. 2010a). This pap...
computer science
38,275
Crossings as a side effect of dependency lengths
cs.CL
The syntactic structure of sentences exhibits a striking regularity: dependencies tend to not cross when drawn above the sentence. We investigate two competing explanations. The traditional hypothesis is that this trend arises from an independent principle of syntax that reduces crossings practically to zero. An altern...
computer science
38,276
Understanding Editing Behaviors in Multilingual Wikipedia
cs.SI
Multilingualism is common offline, but we have a more limited understanding of the ways multilingualism is displayed online and the roles that multilinguals play in the spread of content between speakers of different languages. We take a computational approach to studying multilingualism using one of the largest user-g...
computer science
38,277
Enhancement and Recognition of Reverberant and Noisy Speech by Extending Its Coherence
cs.SD
Most speech enhancement algorithms make use of the short-time Fourier transform (STFT), which is a simple and flexible time-frequency decomposition that estimates the short-time spectrum of a signal. However, the duration of short STFT frames are inherently limited by the nonstationarity of speech signals. The main con...
computer science
38,278
Liberating language research from dogmas of the 20th century
cs.CL
A commentary on the article "Large-scale evidence of dependency length minimization in 37 languages" by Futrell, Mahowald & Gibson (PNAS 2015 112 (33) 10336-10341).
computer science
38,279
Twitter Sentiment Analysis
cs.CL
This project addresses the problem of sentiment analysis in twitter; that is classifying tweets according to the sentiment expressed in them: positive, negative or neutral. Twitter is an online micro-blogging and social-networking platform which allows users to write short status updates of maximum length 140 character...
computer science
38,280
Network analysis of named entity co-occurrences in written texts
cs.CL
The use of methods borrowed from statistics and physics to analyze written texts has allowed the discovery of unprecedent patterns of human behavior and cognition by establishing links between models features and language structure. While current models have been useful to unveil patterns via analysis of syntactical an...
computer science
38,281
Similarity of symbol frequency distributions with heavy tails
cs.CL
Quantifying the similarity between symbolic sequences is a traditional problem in Information Theory which requires comparing the frequencies of symbols in different sequences. In numerous modern applications, ranging from DNA over music to texts, the distribution of symbol frequencies is characterized by heavy-tailed ...
computer science
38,282
Calculating entropy at different scales among diverse communication systems
cs.IT
We evaluated the impact of changing the observation scale over the entropy measures for text descriptions. MIDI coded Music, computer code and two human natural languages were studied at the scale of characters, words, and at the Fundamental Scale resulting from adjusting the symbols length used to interpret each text-...
computer science
38,283
Complex Politics: A Quantitative Semantic and Topological Analysis of UK House of Commons Debates
cs.CL
This study is a first, exploratory attempt to use quantitative semantics techniques and topological analysis to analyze systemic patterns arising in a complex political system. In particular, we use a rich data set covering all speeches and debates in the UK House of Commons between 1975 and 2014. By the use of dynamic...
computer science
38,284
Prevalence and recoverability of syntactic parameters in sparse distributed memories
cs.CL
We propose a new method, based on Sparse Distributed Memory (Kanerva Networks), for studying dependency relations between different syntactic parameters in the Principles and Parameters model of Syntax. We store data of syntactic parameters of world languages in a Kanerva Network and we check the recoverability of corr...
computer science
38,285
Quantifying the Cognitive Extent of Science
cs.DL
While the modern science is characterized by an exponential growth in scientific literature, the increase in publication volume clearly does not reflect the expansion of the cognitive boundaries of science. Nevertheless, most of the metrics for assessing the vitality of science or for making funding and policy decision...
computer science
38,286
On the Number of Many-to-Many Alignments of Multiple Sequences
math.CO
We count the number of alignments of $N \ge 1$ sequences when match-up types are from a specified set $S\subseteq \mathbb{N}^N$. Equivalently, we count the number of nonnegative integer matrices whose rows sum to a given fixed vector and each of whose columns lie in $S$. We provide a new asymptotic formula for the case...
computer science
38,287
Approximation of the truncated Zeta distribution and Zipf's law
stat.AP
Zipf's law appears in many application areas but does not have a closed form expression, which may make its use cumbersome. Since it coincides with the truncated version of the Zeta distribution, in this paper we propose three approximate closed form expressions for the truncated Zeta distribution, which may be employe...
computer science
38,288
Color Aesthetics and Social Networks in Complete Tang Poems: Explorations and Discoveries
cs.CL
The Complete Tang Poems (CTP) is the most important source to study Tang poems. We look into CTP with computational tools from specific linguistic perspectives, including distributional semantics and collocational analysis. From such quantitative viewpoints, we compare the usage of "wind" and "moon" in the poems of Li ...
computer science
38,289
Conducting sparse feature selection on arbitrarily long phrases in text corpora with a focus on interpretability
cs.CL
We propose a general framework for topic-specific summarization of large text corpora, and illustrate how it can be used for analysis in two quite different contexts: an OSHA database of fatality and catastrophe reports (to facilitate surveillance for patterns in circumstances leading to injury or death) and legal deci...
computer science
38,290
Analysis of a Play by Means of CHAPLIN, the Characters and Places Interaction Network Software
cs.CY
Recently, we have developed a software able of gathering information on social networks from written texts. This software, the CHAracters and PLaces Interaction Network (CHAPLIN) tool, is implemented in Visual Basic. By means of it, characters and places of a literary work can be extracted from a list of raw words. The...
computer science
38,291
Approaches for Sentiment Analysis on Twitter: A State-of-Art study
cs.SI
Microbloging is an extremely prevalent broadcast medium amidst the Internet fraternity these days. People share their opinions and sentiments about variety of subjects like products, news, institutions, etc., every day on microbloging websites. Sentiment analysis plays a key role in prediction systems, opinion mining s...
computer science
38,292
Distributed Adaptive LMF Algorithm for Sparse Parameter Estimation in Gaussian Mixture Noise
cs.IT
A distributed adaptive algorithm for estimation of sparse unknown parameters in the presence of nonGaussian noise is proposed in this paper based on normalized least mean fourth (NLMF) criterion. At the first step, local adaptive NLMF algorithm is modified by zero norm in order to speed up the convergence rate and also...
computer science
38,293
Joint Image-Text News Topic Detection and Tracking with And-Or Graph Representation
cs.IR
In this paper, we aim to develop a method for automatically detecting and tracking topics in broadcast news. We present a hierarchical And-Or graph (AOG) to jointly represent the latent structure of both texts and visuals. The AOG embeds a context sensitive grammar that can describe the hierarchical composition of news...
computer science
38,294
Towards Evaluation of Cultural-scale Claims in Light of Topic Model Sampling Effects
cs.DL
Cultural-scale models of full text documents are prone to over-interpretation by researchers making unintentionally strong socio-linguistic claims (Pechenick et al., 2015) without recognizing that even large digital libraries are merely samples of all the books ever produced. In this study, we test the sensitivity of t...
computer science
38,295
Topical differences between Chinese language Twitter and Sina Weibo
cs.SI
Sina Weibo, China's most popular microblogging platform, is currently used by over $500M$ users and is considered to be a proxy of Chinese social life. In this study, we contrast the discussions occurring on Sina Weibo and on Chinese language Twitter in order to observe two different strands of Chinese culture: people ...
computer science
38,296
The scarcity of crossing dependencies: a direct outcome of a specific constraint?
cs.CL
The structure of a sentence can be represented as a network where vertices are words and edges indicate syntactic dependencies. Interestingly, crossing syntactic dependencies have been observed to be infrequent in human languages. This leads to the question of whether the scarcity of crossings in languages arises from ...
computer science
38,297
Modification of Question Writing Style Influences Content Popularity in a Social Q&A System
cs.IR
TurboTax AnswerXchange is a social Q&A system supporting users working on federal and state tax returns. Using 2015 data, we demonstrate that content popularity (or number of views per AnswerXchange question) can be predicted with reasonable accuracy based on attributes of the question alone. We also employ probabilist...
computer science
38,298
Why Do Urban Legends Go Viral?
cs.CL
Urban legends are a genre of modern folklore, consisting of stories about rare and exceptional events, just plausible enough to be believed, which tend to propagate inexorably across communities. In our view, while urban legends represent a form of "sticky" deceptive text, they are marked by a tension between the credi...
computer science
38,299
Winning Arguments: Interaction Dynamics and Persuasion Strategies in Good-faith Online Discussions
cs.SI
Changing someone's opinion is arguably one of the most important challenges of social interaction. The underlying process proves difficult to study: it is hard to know how someone's opinions are formed and whether and how someone's views shift. Fortunately, ChangeMyView, an active community on Reddit, provides a platfo...
computer science
38,300
Using Hadoop for Large Scale Analysis on Twitter: A Technical Report
cs.DB
Sentiment analysis (or opinion mining) on Twitter data has attracted much attention recently. One of the system's key features, is the immediacy in communication with other users in an easy, user-friendly and fast way. Consequently, people tend to express their feelings freely, which makes Twitter an ideal source for a...
computer science
38,301
The happiness paradox: your friends are happier than you
cs.SI
Most individuals in social networks experience a so-called Friendship Paradox: they are less popular than their friends on average. This effect may explain recent findings that widespread social network media use leads to reduced happiness. However the relation between popularity and happiness is poorly understood. A F...
computer science
38,302
Generalized minimum dominating set and application in automatic text summarization
cs.IR
For a graph formed by vertices and weighted edges, a generalized minimum dominating set (MDS) is a vertex set of smallest cardinality such that the summed weight of edges from each outside vertex to vertices in this set is equal to or larger than certain threshold value. This generalized MDS problem reduces to the conv...
computer science
38,303
Data fluidity in DARIAH -- pushing the agenda forward
cs.CY
This paper provides both an update concerning the setting up of the European DARIAH infrastructure and a series of strong action lines related to the development of a data centred strategy for the humanities in the coming years. In particular we tackle various aspect of data management: data hosting, the setting up of ...
computer science
38,304
Towards using social media to identify individuals at risk for preventable chronic illness
cs.CL
We describe a strategy for the acquisition of training data necessary to build a social-media-driven early detection system for individuals at risk for (preventable) type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The strategy uses a game-like quiz with data and questions acquired semi-automatically from Twitter. The questions are de...
computer science
38,305
The Anatomy of a Search and Mining System for Digital Archives
cs.DL
Samtla (Search And Mining Tools with Linguistic Analysis) is a digital humanities system designed in collaboration with historians and linguists to assist them with their research work in quantifying the content of any textual corpora through approximate phrase search and document comparison. The retrieval engine uses ...
computer science
38,306
CONDITOR1: Topic Maps and DITA labelling tool for textual documents with historical information
cs.DL
Conditor is a software tool which works with textual documents containing historical information. The purpose of this work two-fold: firstly to show the validity of the developed engine to correctly identify and label the entities of the universe of discourse with a labelled-combined XTM-DITA model. Secondly to explain...
computer science
38,307
Online shopping behavior study based on multi-granularity opinion mining: China vs. America
cs.CY
With the development of e-commerce, many products are now being sold worldwide, and manufacturers are eager to obtain a better understanding of customer behavior in various regions. To achieve this goal, most previous efforts have focused mainly on questionnaires, which are time-consuming and costly. The tremendous vol...
computer science
38,308
Longitudinal Analysis of Discussion Topics in an Online Breast Cancer Community using Convolutional Neural Networks
cs.CL
Identifying topics of discussions in online health communities (OHC) is critical to various applications, but can be difficult because topics of OHC content are usually heterogeneous and domain-dependent. In this paper, we provide a multi-class schema, an annotated dataset, and supervised classifiers based on convoluti...
computer science
38,309
Compression and the origins of Zipf's law for word frequencies
cs.CL
Here we sketch a new derivation of Zipf's law for word frequencies based on optimal coding. The structure of the derivation is reminiscent of Mandelbrot's random typing model but it has multiple advantages over random typing: (1) it starts from realistic cognitive pressures (2) it does not require fine tuning of parame...
computer science