questions stringlengths 37 1.22k | reasoning stringlengths 0 3.56k ⌀ | answers stringlengths 4 138 |
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Looking directly at what celestial object can cause blindness?
Here are the choices:
A. sun
B. Moon
C. Haley's Comet
D. earth | The Sun has many incredible surface features. Don't try to look at them, though! Looking directly at the Sun can cause blindness. Find the appropriate filters for a pair of binoculars or a telescope and enjoy!. | A: sun. |
The amount of kinetic energy in a moving object depends directly on what two factors?
Here are the choices:
A. gravity and weight
B. mass and velocity
C. inertia and momentum
D. revolution and velocity | The amount of kinetic energy in a moving object depends directly on its mass and velocity. It can be calculated with the equation: . | B: mass and velocity. |
What is the movement of fluid out of the capillaries called?
Here are the choices:
A. diffusion
B. absorption
C. osmosis
D. filtration | 20.3 Capillary Exchange Small molecules can cross into and out of capillaries via simple or facilitated diffusion. Some large molecules can cross in vesicles or through clefts, fenestrations, or gaps between cells in capillary walls. However, the bulk flow of capillary and tissue fluid occurs via filtration and reabsor... | D: filtration. |
The prevalence of cervical cancer in the united states is very low because of regular screening exams called what?
Here are the choices:
A. prostates exams
B. Stavros smears
C. pap smears
D. mammograms | The prevalence of cervical cancer in the United States is very low because of regular screening exams called pap smears. Pap smears sample cells of the cervix, allowing the detection of abnormal cells. If pre-cancerous cells are detected, there are several highly effective techniques that are currently in use to remove... | C: pap smears. |
There is a predictable amount of solute that can be dissolved at what?
Here are the choices:
A. light speed
B. flat rate
C. room temperature
D. specific temperature | There is a predictable amount of solute that can be dissolved at a specific temperature. | D: specific temperature. |
Carrier proteins bind and carry the molecules across what cell structure?
Here are the choices:
A. cell membrane
B. cell wall
C. nucleus
D. plastid | Carrier proteins bind and carry the molecules across the cell membrane. These proteins bind a molecule on one side of the membrane, change shape as they carry the molecule across the membrane, and deposit the molecule on the other side of the membrane. Even though a protein is involved in both these methods of transpor... | A: cell membrane. |
As per hutton's unconformity, what happened to the intermediate layers of rock?
Here are the choices:
A. they fused
B. they eroded away
C. they expanded
D. they metamorphized | Look at the rock layers pictured below ( Figure below ); they show a feature called Hutton’s unconformity. The unconformity was discovered by James Hutton in the 1700s. Hutton saw that the lower rock layers are very old. The upper layers are much younger. There are no layers in between the ancient and recent layers. Hu... | B: they eroded away. |
What kind of summers do humid continental climates have?
Here are the choices:
A. cold summers
B. dry summers
C. warm summers
D. wet summers | Humid continental climates have warm winters and cold summers. Subarctic climates have cool short summers and very cold winters. | A: cold summers. |
Compared to others, what type of liquid has a relatively high surface tension and heat capacity?
Here are the choices:
A. blood
B. oil
C. water
D. wine | Compared to other liquids, water has a relatively high surface tension and heat capacity. Both of these properties are partially a result of the strong hydrogen bonds that hold water molecules together. | C: water. |
Cilia and flagella are extensions of what?
Here are the choices:
A. cell nucleus
B. protoplasm
C. cell wall
D. plasma membrane | Cilia and flagella are extensions of the plasma membrane. | D: plasma membrane. |
Mercury and lead, which was once widely used in paint and gasoline, are examples of what type of metals?
Here are the choices:
A. alloys
B. sulfuric heavy metals
C. toxic heavy metals
D. gaseous heavy metals | Toxic heavy metals include mercury and lead. Mercury is used in some industrial processes. It is also found in fluorescent light bulbs. Lead was once widely used in gasoline, paint, and pipes. It is still found in some products. | C: toxic heavy metals. |
During karyogamy, the haploid nuclei contributed by the two parents fuse, which produces what?
Here are the choices:
A. arisen cells
B. diploid cells
C. mutated cells
D. cancer cells | B: diploid cells. | |
What is polyisoprene better known as?
Here are the choices:
A. silicon
B. rubber
C. styrofoam
D. rayon | Polyisoprene is a polymer of isoprene and is better known as rubber. It is produced naturally by rubber trees, but several variants have been developed which demonstrate improvements on the properties of natural rubber. | B: rubber. |
Every chemical reaction occurs with a concurrent change in what?
Here are the choices:
A. mass
B. energy
C. neutrons
D. hydrogen | Every chemical reaction occurs with a concurrent change in energy. | B: energy. |
What receives blood in the heart?
Here are the choices:
A. the atria
B. ventricle
C. the epidermis
D. chamber | The atria receive blood and the ventricles pump blood out of the heart. | A: the atria. |
Fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids, and steroids are examples of what?
Here are the choices:
A. lipids
B. proteins
C. tissues
D. enzymes | Lipids are a diverse class of relatively nonpolar biomolecules that generally do not dissolve well in water. Common types of lipids include fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids, and steroids. | A: lipids. |
Where in the cell does photosynthesis occur?
Here are the choices:
A. pathogen
B. cell wall
C. chloroplast
D. genome | Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast of the plant cell. | C: chloroplast. |
Sympathetic stimulation also triggers the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine, which enhance both cardiac output and what else?
Here are the choices:
A. digestion
B. vasoconstriction
C. vasodilation
D. inhibition | pressure and maintaining blood flow. Ultimately, however, blood volume will need to be restored, either through physiological processes or through medical intervention. In response to blood loss, stimuli from the baroreceptors trigger the cardiovascular centers to stimulate sympathetic responses to increase cardiac out... | B: vasoconstriction. |
Not surprisingly, centipedes, millipedes and other members of the subphylum myriapoda are adapted to living on what?
Here are the choices:
A. sand
B. water
C. tree
D. land | Centipedes and millipedes belong to the subphylum Myriapoda, which contains 13,000 species. They all live on land, which makes sense as all those legs are more adapted to a terrestrial lifestyle, as opposed to an aquatic lifestyle. | D: land. |
What are found in moist forests that break down decaying plant material?
Here are the choices:
A. organism
B. spirogyra
C. trichina
D. myriapoda | Myriapoda are usually found in moist forests, where they break down decaying plant material. | D: myriapoda. |
By breaking down wastes and remains of dead organisms, decomposers perform what function in an ecosystem?
Here are the choices:
A. reproduction
B. symbiosis
C. collecting
D. recycling | Most prokaryotes get both energy and carbon from other living things. Many of them are decomposers. They break down wastes and remains of dead organisms. In this way, they help to recycle carbon and nitrogen through ecosystems. | D: recycling. |
What are sugars broken down into in your digestive system?
Here are the choices:
A. glucose
B. insulin
C. starch
D. nicotine | Sugars are small, simple carbohydrates. They are found in foods such as milk and fruit. Sugars in foods such as these are broken down by your digestive system to glucose, the simplest of all sugars. Glucose is taken up by cells for energy. | A: glucose. |
Approximately how many weeks does the fetal period last?
Here are the choices:
A. 27 weeks
B. 10 weeks
C. 25 weeks
D. 30 weeks | From the eighth week following fertilization until birth, the developing human being is called a fetus. Birth typically occurs at about 38 weeks after fertilization, so the fetal period generally lasts about 30 weeks. During this time, the organs complete their development. The fetus also grows rapidly in length and we... | D: 30 weeks. |
Because dizygotic twins develop from two eggs fertilized by two sperm, they are no more identical than siblings born at what?
Here are the choices:
A. different places
B. other times of day
C. other eras
D. different times | birth of dizygotic (or fraternal) twins. Because dizygotic twins develop from two eggs fertilized by two sperm, they are no more identical than siblings born at different times. Much less commonly, a zygote can divide into two separate offspring during early development. This results in the birth of monozygotic (or ide... | D: different times. |
What is the plasma membrane mainly composed of?
Here are the choices:
A. filaments
B. carbon
C. antibodies
D. phospholipids | The plasma membrane is composed mainly of phospholipids, which consist of fatty acids and alcohol. The phospholipids in the plasma membrane are arranged in two layers, called a phospholipid bilayer . As shown in Figure below , each phospholipid molecule has a head and two tails. The head “loves” water (hydrophilic) and... | D: phospholipids. |
Astronomers have wondered if the universe is expanding fast enough to escape the pull of what?
Here are the choices:
A. gravity
B. kinetic energy
C. light
D. Coreolis effect | We know that the Universe is expanding. Astronomers have wondered if it is expanding fast enough to escape the pull of gravity. Would the Universe just expand forever? If it could not escape the pull of gravity, would it someday start to contract? This means it would eventually get squeezed together in a big crunch. Th... | A: gravity. |
When someone falls, the kinetic energy the person has upon reaching the floor is the amount of what energy lost by falling through height?
Here are the choices:
A. thermal energy
B. nuclear energy
C. potential energy
D. gravitational energy | with a minus sign because the displacement while stopping and the force from floor are in opposite directions (cos θ = cos 180º = − 1) . The floor removes energy from the system, so it does negative work. The kinetic energy the person has upon reaching the floor is the amount of potential energy lost by falling through... | C: potential energy. |
What are protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus of an atom called?
Here are the choices:
A. pions
B. nucleons
C. baryons
D. electron shells | and Z, the atomic number, is the number of protons. The protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus of an atom are callednucleons, and an atom with a particular number of protons and neutrons is called anuclide. Nuclides with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. Isotopes c... | B: nucleons. |
The sun, stars, moon, planets and comets are all type of what objects?
Here are the choices:
A. spacial
B. universal
C. extraterrestrial
D. celestrial | D: celestrial. | |
What is the total number of codons?
Here are the choices:
A. 68
B. 45
C. 64
D. 51 | The mRNA is divided into three-base segments called codons. A codon is the segment of nucleotides that codes for an amino acid, or for a start or stop signal. There are 64 codons. | C: 64. |
Solution nodes and antinodes are both areas of wave interference, but they differ in the presence of what condition?
Here are the choices:
A. motion
B. gravity
C. radiation
D. speed | Check Your Understanding Define nodes and antinodes. Solution Nodes are areas of wave interference where there is no motion. Antinodes are areas of wave interference where the motion is at its maximum point. | A: motion. |
While similar to insects, what eight-legged invertebrates lack antennae or wings?
Here are the choices:
A. crustaceans
B. spiders
C. reptiles
D. arachnids | Arachnids do not have antennae or wings. | D: arachnids. |
How many chromosomes do mature gametes contain?
Here are the choices:
A. 13
B. 17
C. 23
D. 19 | Spermatogenesis As just noted, spermatogenesis occurs in the seminiferous tubules that form the bulk of each testis (see Figure 27.4). The process begins at puberty, after which time sperm are produced constantly throughout a man’s life. One production cycle, from spermatogonia through formed sperm, takes approximately... | C: 23. |
What is the term for land that has permanently frozen soil?
Here are the choices:
A. permafrost
B. snow-field
C. Arctic
D. ice desert | Permafrost is land with permanently frozen soil. | A: permafrost. |
When sparks from a steel grinder react with oxygen, what do they form?
Here are the choices:
A. rust
B. iron oxide
C. spontaneous combustion
D. steel oxide | The sparks from a steel grinder are molten iron. The iron reacts with oxygen to form iron(III) oxide. | B: iron oxide. |
What should you learn that allows you to recognize and avoid the dangers of specific hazards when experimenting, such as flames or broken glass?
Here are the choices:
A. first aid safety symbols
B. medical safety symbols
C. lab safety symbols
D. available safety symbols | Lab safety symbols warn of specific hazards, such as flames or broken glass. Knowing the symbols allows you to recognize and avoid the dangers. | C: lab safety symbols. |
Motor vehicles account for almost half of the consumption of what?
Here are the choices:
A. fossil fuel
B. greenhouse gases
C. electricity
D. hydrocarbon | Motor vehicles account for almost half of fossil fuel use. Most vehicles run on gasoline, which comes from petroleum. | A: fossil fuel. |
Bacterial stis can be cured with what?
Here are the choices:
A. antiviral drugs
B. antibiotics
C. antioxidants
D. pesticides | Most STIs are caused by bacteria or viruses. Bacterial STIs can be cured with antibiotics. Viral STIs cannot be cured. Once you are infected with a viral STI, you are likely to be infected for life. | B: antibiotics. |
Fats are also called triacylglycerols or triglycerides because of their what?
Here are the choices:
A. chemical weight
B. atomic number
C. chemical structure
D. elemental type | During this ester bond formation, three water molecules are released. The three fatty acids in the triacylglycerol may be similar or dissimilar. Fats are also called triacylglycerols or triglycerides because of their chemical structure. Some fatty acids have common names that specify their origin. For example, palmitic... | C: chemical structure. |
What mammalian structure allows the exchange of gases, nutrients, and other substances between the fetus and mother?
Here are the choices:
A. uterus
B. mitochondria
C. placenta
D. notochord | Placenta of a Placental Mammal (Human). The placenta allows the exchange of gases, nutrients, and other substances between the fetus and mother. | C: placenta. |
Fossil fuel consumption is a major contributor to global emissions of what gas?
Here are the choices:
A. methane
B. carbon monoxide
C. carbon dioxide
D. oxygen | Global carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel consumption and cement production. The black line represents all emission types combined. The colored lines show emissions from individual fossil fuels. | C: carbon dioxide. |
What is the main function of blood?
Here are the choices:
A. respiration
B. to transport
C. digestion
D. excretion of waste | The main function of blood is transport. Blood in arteries carries oxygen and nutrients to all the body’s cells. Blood in veins carries carbon dioxide and other wastes away from cells to be excreted. Blood also transports the chemical messengers called hormones to cells throughout the body where they are needed to regu... | B: to transport. |
Biotechnology is the use of biological agents for technological advancement. what two areas are the primary applications of this technology used?
Here are the choices:
A. medicine and psychology
B. medicine and agriculture
C. medicine and architecture
D. medicine and philosophy | Biotechnology is the use of biological agents for technological advancement. Biotechnology was used for breeding livestock and crops long before the scientific basis of these techniques was understood. Since the discovery of the structure of DNA in 1953, the field of biotechnology has grown rapidly through both academi... | B: medicine and agriculture. |
Unlike free-living species of flatworms that are predators or scavengers, what forms feed from the tissues of their hosts?
Here are the choices:
A. herbiverous
B. mutualistic
C. aquatic
D. parasitic | Flatworms The relationships among flatworms, or phylum Platyhelminthes, is being revised and the description here will follow the traditional groupings. Most flatworms are parasitic, including important parasites of humans. Flatworms have three embryonic germ layers that give rise to surfaces covering tissues, internal... | D: parasitic. |
When heat flows into an object, its thermal energy increases and so does its what?
Here are the choices:
A. temperature
B. color
C. speed
D. matter | When heat flows into an object, its thermal energy increases and so does its temperature. | A: temperature. |
What are telescopes that use lenses to bend light called?
Here are the choices:
A. sliding telescopes
B. layering telescopes
C. refracting telescopes
D. reflecting telescopes | Telescopes that use lenses to bend light are called refracting telescopes , or refractors ( Figure below ). The earliest telescopes were all refractors. Many amateur astronomers still use refractors today. Refractors are good for viewing details within our solar system. Craters on the surface of Earth’s Moon or the rin... | C: refracting telescopes. |
The science of analyzing tree rings is called what?
Here are the choices:
A. algorithms
B. dendrochronology
C. estradiol
D. conservation | B: dendrochronology. | |
Which type of arthritis causes the immune system to attack joints?
Here are the choices:
A. Spondylarthropathies
B. rheumatoid
C. Gout
D. Osteoarthritis | In rheumatoid arthritis, the immune system attacks joints. This causes joint damage and pain. | B: rheumatoid. |
A species is a subdivision of a genus in what classification system?
Here are the choices:
A. mammalian
B. calcareous system
C. crocodilian system
D. linnaean system | Linnaean Classification System: Classification of the Human Species. This chart shows the taxa of the Linnaean classification system. Each taxon is a subdivision of the taxon below it in the chart. For example, a species is a subdivision of a genus. The classification of humans is given in the chart as an example. | D: linnaean system. |
What is the force that pulls particles at the exposed surface of a liquid toward other liquid particles called?
Here are the choices:
A. surface tension
B. transfer tension
C. shinking tension
D. conservative tension | Two unique properties of liquids are surface tension and viscosity. Surface tension is a force that pulls particles at the exposed surface of a liquid toward other liquid particles. Surface tension explains why water forms droplets, like the water droplet that has formed on the leaky faucet pictured in the Figure below... | A: surface tension. |
What state is achieved when the body's internal environment is kept more-or-less constant?
Here are the choices:
A. hypothesis
B. homeostasis
C. cancerous
D. consciousness | The organ systems of the body work together to carry out life processes and maintain homeostasis. The body is in homeostasis when its internal environment is kept more-or-less constant. For example, levels of sugar, carbon dioxide, and water in the blood must be kept within narrow ranges. This requires continuous adjus... | B: homeostasis. |
Kinetic and potential are two forms of what?
Here are the choices:
A. pressure
B. energy
C. exercise
D. fuel | Energy is the ability to do work. When work is done, energy is transferred from one object to another. Energy can exist in different forms, such as electrical and chemical energy. Most forms of energy can also be classified as kinetic or potential energy. | B: energy. |
Humans are unique in their ability to alter their environment with the conscious purpose of increasing what, which acts as a limiting factor on populations in general?
Here are the choices:
A. containing capacity
B. niche
C. carrying capacity
D. density dependent limitation | Overcoming Density-Dependent Regulation Humans are unique in their ability to alter their environment with the conscious purpose of increasing its carrying capacity. This ability is a major factor responsible for human population growth and a way of overcoming density-dependent growth regulation. Much of this ability i... | C: carrying capacity. |
A desmosome is a cell structure that anchors the ends of what fibers together?
Here are the choices:
A. cardiac muscle
B. skeletal muscle
C. smooth muscle
D. controllable muscle | 30.5 Applications of Atomic Excitations and De-Excitations 30. Figure 30.39 shows the energy-level diagram for neon. (a) Verify that the energy of the photon emitted when neon goes from its metastable state to the one immediately below is equal to 1.96 eV. (b) Show that the wavelength of this radiation is 633 nm. (c) W... | A: cardiac muscle. |
How much space a surface covers is known as what?
Here are the choices:
A. Flatness
B. area
C. Height
D. Lenght | The area of a surface is how much space it covers. It’s easy to calculate the area of a surface if it has a regular shape, such as the blue rectangle in the sketch below. You simply substitute measurements of the surface into the correct formula. To find the area of a rectangular surface, use this formula:. | B: area. |
What do aquatic arthropods use to exchange gases?
Here are the choices:
A. diaphragm
B. pores
C. lungs
D. gills | Aquatic arthropods use gills to exchange gases. These gills have a large surface area in contact with the water, so they can absorb more oxygen. | D: gills. |
What kind of rays can travel thousands of meters through air and can penetrate and damage cells deep inside the body?
Here are the choices:
A. plasma rays
B. x-rays
C. gamma rays
D. cosmic rays | Alpha particles can travel only a few centimeters through air. They can burn the skin but not penetrate it. Beta particles can travel up to a meter through air. They can penetrate and damage skin. Gamma rays can travel thousands of meters through air. They can penetrate and damage cells deep inside the body. | C: gamma rays. |
Of the three types of skeleton designs - hydrostatic skeletons, exoskeletons, and endoskeletons - which do humans possess?
Here are the choices:
A. exoskeleton
B. endoskeleton
C. none of the above
D. hydrostatic skeleton | CHAPTER SUMMARY 38.1 Types of Skeletal Systems The three types of skeleton designs are hydrostatic skeletons, exoskeletons, and endoskeletons. A hydrostatic skeleton is formed by a fluid-filled compartment held under hydrostatic pressure; movement is created by the muscles producing pressure on the fluid. An exoskeleto... | B: endoskeleton. |
What regulates homeostasis and basic survival behaviors?
Here are the choices:
A. hippocampus
B. cell membrane
C. mitosis
D. hypothalamus | D: hypothalamus. | |
What device changes kinetic energy to electrical energy through electromagnetic induction?
Here are the choices:
A. electric generator
B. Emission generator
C. due generator
D. real generator | An electric generator is a device that changes kinetic energy to electrical energy through electromagnetic induction. Electromagnetic induction is the process of generating electric current with a magnetic field. It occurs when a magnetic field and an electric conductor, such as a coil of wire, move relative to one ano... | A: electric generator. |
What are two nonliving things that all living things need for survival?
Here are the choices:
A. calcium
B. sunlight
C. methane
D. water and air | D: water and air. | |
The fight or flight response involves what system?
Here are the choices:
A. autonomic nervous system
B. cellular nervous system
C. functional nervous system
D. voluntary nervous system | Figure 15.1 Fight or Flight? Though the threats that modern humans face are not large predators, the autonomic nervous system is adapted to this type of stimulus. The modern world presents stimuli that trigger the same response. (credit: Vernon Swanepoel). | A: autonomic nervous system. |
How many types of galaxies are there?
Here are the choices:
A. five
B. one
C. three
D. two | Galaxies are divided into three types, according to shape. There are spiral galaxies, elliptical galaxies, and irregular galaxies. Spiral galaxies are a rotating disk of stars and dust. In the center is a dense bulge of material. Several arms spiral out from the center. Spiral galaxies have lots of gas and dust and man... | C: three. |
Skin color is controlled by genes but also influenced by exposure to what?
Here are the choices:
A. makeup
B. food
C. sunlight
D. precipitation | Genes play an important role in determining an organism's traits. However, for many traits, phenotype is influenced by the environment as well. For example, skin color is controlled by genes but also influenced by exposure to sunlight. You can see the effect of sunlight on skin in Figure below . | C: sunlight. |
Higher temperatures increase the rate of reaction in a lot of chemical reactions because they increase the frequency of what interaction between reactant particles?
Here are the choices:
A. electric
B. collisions
C. waves
D. explosions | Raising the temperature of a chemical reaction usually results in a higher rate of reaction. When the reactant particles are heated, they move faster and faster. This results in a greater frequency of collisions. A more important effect of the temperature increase is that the collisions occur with a greater force and a... | B: collisions. |
Knees and elbows are examples of what part of the skeletal system?
Here are the choices:
A. cartilage
B. nerves
C. muscles
D. joints | As you age, you might start noticing pain in your knees or elbows. These are examples of joints. Joints are the part of the skeletal system that connect your bones. Joint pain is a common problem as people age. | D: joints. |
Einstein’s equation helps scientists understand what happens in nuclear reactions and why they produce so much what?
Here are the choices:
A. food
B. hydrogen
C. energy
D. light | Einstein’s equation helps scientists understand what happens in nuclear reactions and why they produce so much energy. When the nucleus of a radioisotope undergoes fission or fusion in a nuclear reaction, it loses a tiny amount of mass. What happens to the lost mass? It isn’t really lost at all. It is converted to ener... | C: energy. |
Ovulation is the release of an egg from the what?
Here are the choices:
A. vagina
B. cervix
C. ovary
D. fallopian tubes | Ovulation, the release of an egg from the ovary, occurs at about the midpoint of the cycle. This would be around day 14 of a 28 day cycle. The egg is swept into the fallopian tube. If sperm is present, fertilization may occur. As sperm can only survive in the fallopian tube for up to a few days, fertilization can only ... | C: ovary. |
The process in which the nucleus divides is called what?
Here are the choices:
A. mitosis
B. cytokinesis
C. meiosis
D. epistasis | In eukaryotic cells, the nucleus divides before the cell itself divides. The process in which the nucleus divides is called mitosis. Before mitosis occurs, a cell’s DNA is replicated. This is necessary so that each daughter cell will have a complete copy of the genetic material from the parent cell. How is the replicat... | A: mitosis. |
What is used to recrystallize excess dissolved solute in a supersaturated solution?
Here are the choices:
A. starter crystal
B. fertilizer crystal
C. energy crystal
D. seed crystal | Some solutes, such as sodium acetate, do not recrystallize easily. Suppose an exactly saturated solution of sodium acetate is prepared at 50°C. As it cools back to room temperature, no crystals appear in the solution, even though the solubility of sodium acetate is lower at room temperature. A supersaturated solution i... | D: seed crystal. |
Our bodies use what, primarily in the form of glucose, for our immediate energy needs - although they are not as energy dense or capable of long-term storage as lipids?
Here are the choices:
A. carbohydrates
B. electrolytes
C. enzymes
D. proteins | Opening Essay On July 11, 2003, the Food and Drug Administration amended its food labeling regulations to require that manufacturers list the amount of trans fatty acids on Nutrition Facts labels of foods and dietary supplements, effective January 1, 2006. This amendment was a response to published studies demonstratin... | A: carbohydrates. |
What part of the body do ants use to detect chemicals?
Here are the choices:
A. thorax
B. antennae
C. fins
D. eyes | Some animals communicate with scent. They release chemicals that other animals of their species can smell or detect in some other way. Ants release many different chemicals. Other ants detect the chemicals with their antennae. This explains how ants are able to work together. The different chemicals that ants produce h... | B: antennae. |
Water has the properties of cohesion and what else?
Here are the choices:
A. absorption
B. degradation
C. diffusion
D. adhesion | Water has the properties of cohesion and adhesion. Define these two properties, and explain why they occur in water. | D: adhesion. |
Fitness and natural selection are parts of what theory that might describe how organisms change over time?
Here are the choices:
A. evolution
B. gravity
C. dessication
D. implementation | All of these animal behaviors are important. They help the animals get food for energy, make sure their young survive, or ensure that they, themselves, survive. Behaviors that help animals or their young survive, increase the animals’ fitness. Animals with higher fitness have a better chance of passing their genes on t... | A: evolution. |
What three forces are involved in erosion?
Here are the choices:
A. water, wind, gravity
B. radiation, gravity, precipitation
C. water, temperature, altitude
D. heat, pressure, gravity | A: water, wind, gravity. | |
Thermodynamics do not give us any insight into what attribute of spontaneous processes?
Here are the choices:
A. decrease
B. rate
C. acceleration
D. increase | It should be noted that just because a process is spontaneous does not mean that it occurs quickly. The rusting of iron is a spontaneous process that takes place over a long period of time. The combustion of gasoline in oxygen (also a spontaneous process) is extremely fast when provided with a spark, but gasoline can b... | B: rate. |
What is the main source of hydrocarbons?
Here are the choices:
A. greenhouse gases
B. photosynthesis
C. decomposers
D. fossil fuels | Hydrocarbons are extremely important to modern life. Their most important use is as fuels. Hydrocarbons are also used to manufacture many products including plastics. The main source of hydrocarbons is fossil fuels. | D: fossil fuels. |
What is the process of the blastula forming 3 layers of cells called?
Here are the choices:
A. gastrulation
B. internalization
C. fermentation
D. Mitosis | Gastrulation The typical blastula is a ball of cells. The next stage in embryonic development is the formation of the body plan. The cells in the blastula rearrange themselves spatially to form three layers of cells. This process is called gastrulation. During gastrulation, the blastula folds upon itself to form the th... | A: gastrulation. |
How does air pressure change as altitude increases?
Here are the choices:
A. stays the same
B. It increases
C. goes up and down
D. it decreases | Like density, the pressure of the air decreases with altitude. There is less air pressing down from above the higher up you go. Look at the bottle pictured below ( Figure below ). It was drained by a hiker at the top of a mountain. Then the hiker screwed the cap on the bottle and carried it down to sea level. At the lo... | D: it decreases. |
In harmonic motion there is always what force, which acts in the opposite direction of the velocity?
Here are the choices:
A. locomotion force
B. magnetic force
C. inorganic force
D. restorative force | In harmonic motion there is always a restorative force , which acts in the opposite direction of the velocity. The restorative force changes during oscillation and depends on the position of the object. In a spring the force is the spring force; in a pendulum it is the component of gravity along the path. In both cases... | D: restorative force. |
Many of the protist species classified into the supergroup excavata are asymmetrical, single-celled organisms with a feeding groove “excavated” from one side. this supergroup includes heterotrophic predators, photosynthetic species, and these?
Here are the choices:
A. mammals
B. insects
C. parasites
D. reptiles | Excavata Many of the protist species classified into the supergroup Excavata are asymmetrical, single-celled organisms with a feeding groove “excavated” from one side. This supergroup includes heterotrophic predators, photosynthetic species, and parasites. Its subgroups are the diplomonads, parabasalids, and euglenozoa... | C: parasites. |
What is the thick fluid in the space between bones that cushions the joint?
Here are the choices:
A. interstitial fluid
B. collagen
C. synovial fluid
D. amniotic fluid | Movable joints are also known as synovial joints. This is because the space between the bones is filled with a thick fluid, called synovial fluid, that cushions the joint (see Figure below ). | C: synovial fluid. |
What is the name of the portion of a nucleotide lacking phosphate groups?
Here are the choices:
A. a nucleobase
B. nucleolus
C. nuclear shell
D. a nucleoside | D: a nucleoside. | |
The band disappears before metaphase but predicts the future plane of what?
Here are the choices:
A. cell matter
B. cell wall
C. cell solution
D. cell division | D: cell division. | |
What is a common age-related bone disease in which bone density and strength is decreased?
Here are the choices:
A. arthritis
B. lupus
C. fibrosis
D. osteoporosis | View this animation (http://openstaxcollege. org/l/ headblow) to see how a blow to the head may produce a contrecoup (counterblow) fracture of the basilar portion of the occipital bone on the base of the skull. Why may a basilar fracture be life threatening? 3. Osteoporosis is a common age-related bone disease in which... | D: osteoporosis. |
Bacteria reproduce through what process?
Here are the choices:
A. residual fission
B. binary fusion
C. binary fission
D. tertiary fission | Bacteria reproduce through a process called binary fission . During binary fission, the chromosome copies itself, forming two genetically identical copies. Then, the cell enlarges and divides into two new daughter cells. The two daughter cells are identical to the parent cell. Binary fission can happen very rapidly. So... | C: binary fission. |
What is the branch of science that studies the physical world?
Here are the choices:
A. physics
B. Ecology
C. social science
D. botany | What is physics ? Physics is the branch of science that studies the physical world, including objects as small as subatomic particles and as large as galaxies. It studies the nature of matter and energy and how they interact. Physicists are inquisitive people who want to know the causes of what they see. How does the m... | A: physics. |
Osteoclasts break down bone to maintain mineral what?
Here are the choices:
A. fluctuations
B. polarity
C. homeostatis
D. density | Under the direction of osteocytes, osteoblasts continuously build up bone, while osteoclasts continuously break down bone to maintain mineral homeostasis. Bone tissues include compact bone, spongy bone, bone marrow, and periosteum. | C: homeostatis. |
Which carbohydrates can be classified in terms of chain length?
Here are the choices:
A. binary
B. atomic
C. simple
D. complex | Simple carbohydrates can be classified in terms of chain length. | C: simple. |
What is altered by changes in cardiac output by variable contriction of the arterioles?
Here are the choices:
A. pulse
B. blood pressure
C. heart rhythm
D. blood type | B: blood pressure. | |
Eukaryotic cells are cells that contain what?
Here are the choices:
A. pathogens
B. inorganic matter
C. a nucleus
D. energy | Eukaryotic cells are cells that contain a nucleus. | C: a nucleus. |
What distinctive dna shape forms when the two nucleotide chains wrap around the same axis?
Here are the choices:
A. double spiral
B. single spiral
C. double helix
D. chain helix | Simple Model of DNA. In this simple model of DNA, each line represents a nucleotide chain. The double helix shape forms when the two chains wrap around the same axis. | C: double helix. |
The oxygen regions of the water molecules have what kind of charge?
Here are the choices:
A. neutral
B. certain
C. positive
D. negative | D: negative. | |
Humans use many compounds that were first discovered or derived from living organisms as medicines: secondary plant compounds, animal toxins, and antibiotics produced by these?
Here are the choices:
A. tumors and fungi
B. molecules and fungi
C. bacteria and tumors
D. bacteria and fungi | 47.2 The Importance of Biodiversity to Human Life Humans use many compounds that were first discovered or derived from living organisms as medicines: secondary plant compounds, animal toxins, and antibiotics produced by bacteria and fungi. More medicines are expected to be discovered in nature. Loss of biodiversity wil... | D: bacteria and fungi. |
Millipedes and centipedes are the most commonly found examples of what group of arthropods?
Here are the choices:
A. protists myriapoda
B. subphylum myriapoda
C. unicellular myriapoda
D. Disperse Myriapoda | Subphylum Myriapoda includes arthropods with legs that may vary in number from 10 to 750. This subphylum includes 13,000 species; the most commonly found examples are millipedes and centipedes. All myriapods are terrestrial animals and prefer a humid environment (Figure 15.21). | B: subphylum myriapoda. |
Glass breaking is an example of what type of change that doesn't affect the makeup of matter?
Here are the choices:
A. reversible
B. physical
C. chemical
D. thermal | Physical changes are changes in the physical properties of matter but not in the makeup of matter. An example of a physical change is glass breaking. | B: physical. |
Aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, and ethers all have functional groups containing what element?
Here are the choices:
A. silicon
B. carbon
C. oxygen
D. methane | Aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, and ethers h ave oxygencontaining functional groups. | C: oxygen. |
What forms when an atom gains electrons?
Here are the choices:
A. anions
B. cations
C. bonds
D. crystals | Anions form when an atom gains electrons. Nonmetallic atoms typically gain enough electrons to obtain the same electron configuration as the nearest noble gas. All the elements in Group 17 have seven valence electrons, which are arranged into an outer configuration of n s 2 n p 5 . To achieve a noble gas configuration ... | A: anions. |
There are several types of wetlands including marshes, swamps, bogs, mudflats, and salt marshes. the three shared characteristics among these types—what makes them wetlands—are their hydrology, hydrophytic vegetation, and this?
Here are the choices:
A. hydric soils
B. niya soils
C. sandy soils
D. stibnite soils | may not be able to use vision as their primary sense to find food. Instead, they are more likely to use taste or chemical cues to find prey. Wetlands Wetlands are environments in which the soil is either permanently or periodically saturated with water. Wetlands are different from lakes because wetlands are shallow bod... | A: hydric soils. |
What element is typically used to shield things from gamma rays?
Here are the choices:
A. lead
B. silver
C. gold
D. aluminum | High-density materials are much more effective protection against gamma emissions than low-density ones. Gamma rays are usually blocked effectively by lead shielding. The thickness of the shielding will determine the effectiveness of the protection offered by the lead. | A: lead. |
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