questions stringlengths 37 1.22k | reasoning stringlengths 0 3.56k ⌀ | answers stringlengths 4 138 |
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Salt hydrolysis is a reaction in which one of the ions from a salt reacts with what?
Here are the choices:
A. water
B. air
C. proteins
D. fat | The fluoride ion is acting as a weak Brønsted-Lowry base. The hydroxide ion that is produced as a result of the above reaction makes the solution slightly basic. Salt hydrolysis is a reaction in which one of the ions from a salt reacts with water, forming either an acidic or basic solution. | A: water. |
Do motile cilia usually occur in small or large numbers on the cell surface?
Here are the choices:
A. small
B. large
C. mixed
D. neither | B: large. | |
Potassium is a soft, silvery metal that ignites explosively in what?
Here are the choices:
A. acid
B. air
C. cold
D. water | Potassium is a soft, silvery metal that ignites explosively in water. It easily loses its one valence electron to form positive potassium ions (K + ), which are needed by all living cells. Potassium is so important for plants that it is found in almost all fertilizers, like the one shown here. Potassium is abundant in ... | D: water. |
When a solid substance is involved in a chemical reaction, only the matter from which part of the solid is exposed to other reactants?
Here are the choices:
A. the surface
B. the base
C. the top
D. the interior | When a solid substance is involved in a chemical reaction, only the matter at the surface of the solid is exposed to other reactants. If a solid has more surface area, more of it is exposed and able to react. Therefore, increasing the surface area of solid reactants increases the reaction rate. For example, crushing a ... | A: the surface. |
Which word describes how an extracellular solution can change the volume of a cell by affecting osmosis?
Here are the choices:
A. velocity
B. instability
C. trichina
D. tonicity | Tonicity Tonicity describes how an extracellular solution can change the volume of a cell by affecting osmosis. A solution's tonicity often directly correlates with the osmolarity of the solution. Osmolarity describes the total solute concentration of the solution. A solution with low osmolarity has a greater number of... | D: tonicity. |
The process where eroded material is dropped somewhere is called?
Here are the choices:
A. diffusion
B. maturation
C. diffusion
D. deposition | Erosion and deposition are responsible for many landforms. Erosion is the transport of sediments. Agents of erosion include flowing water, waves, wind, ice, or gravity. Eroded material is eventually dropped somewhere else. This is called deposition . | D: deposition. |
What was the first amino acid to be isolated?
Here are the choices:
A. histon
B. glutathione
C. asparagine
D. histamine | The first amino acid to be isolated was asparagine in 1806. It was obtained from protein found in asparagus juice (hence the name). Glycine, the major amino acid found in gelatin, was named for its sweet taste (Greek glykys, meaning “sweet”). In some cases an amino acid found in a protein is actually a derivative of on... | C: asparagine. |
Where is the food stored before being mixed with the chyme?
Here are the choices:
A. top of the stomach
B. histopathology of the stomach
C. fundus of the stomach
D. hemispherical of the stomach | Chemical Digestion The fundus plays an important role, because it stores both undigested food and gases that are released during the process of chemical digestion. Food may sit in the fundus of the stomach for a while before being mixed with the chyme. While the food is in the fundus, the digestive activities of saliva... | C: fundus of the stomach. |
What kind of biome or climate might you find very close to the earth's poles, as well as up on high mountains?
Here are the choices:
A. tropical
B. taiga
C. desert
D. tundra | Tundra is found near the poles and up on high mountains. | D: tundra. |
What type of waves travel through the body of a planet?
Here are the choices:
A. gas waves
B. body waves
C. vacuum waves
D. energy waves | Body waves travel through the body of a planet. Surface waves travel along the surface. | B: body waves. |
What type of energy occurs by splitting the nuclei of radioactive uranium?
Here are the choices:
A. kinetic
B. nuclear
C. atomic
D. microwave | Nuclear energy is produced by splitting the nuclei of radioactive uranium. This doesn’t release air pollution or carbon dioxide, but it does produce dangerous radioactive wastes. | B: nuclear. |
Like skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle is what?
Here are the choices:
A. striated
B. tissue
C. cylindrical
D. atrophied | A: striated. | |
Rising and falling levels of what will result in progression of the ovarian and menstrual cycles?
Here are the choices:
A. red blood cells
B. blood pressure
C. oxygen
D. hormones | Figure 43.17 Rising and falling hormone levels result in progression of the ovarian and menstrual cycles. (credit: modification of work by Mikael Häggström). | D: hormones. |
What is the term for how much matter is packed into a given space?
Here are the choices:
A. mass
B. volume
C. opacity
D. density | Density is a quantity that expresses how much matter is packed into a given space. The amount of matter is its mass, and the space it takes up is its volume. To calculate the density of an object, then, you would use this formula:. | D: density. |
Phototrophic organisms capture light energy from the sun and convert it into what type of energy inside their cells?
Here are the choices:
A. radiation energy
B. solar power
C. chemical energy
D. mechanical energy | Phototrophic organisms capture light energy from the sun and convert it into chemical energy inside their cells. | C: chemical energy. |
What is an animal that picks up pollen on its body and carries it to another flower called?
Here are the choices:
A. lizard
B. fungi
C. rodent
D. pollinator | The showy petals of flowers evolved to help attract pollinators. Wind-blown pollen might land just anywhere and be wasted. A pollinator is an animal that picks up pollen on its body and carries it directly to another flower of the same species. This helps ensure that pollination occurs. Pollinators are usually small an... | D: pollinator. |
How many bones make up an adult human skeleton?
Here are the choices:
A. 130
B. 186
C. 206
D. 244 | The adult human skeleton includes 206 bones and other tissues. It supports the body, protects internal organs, produces blood cells, and maintains mineral homeostasis. | C: 206. |
The process in which a sperm unites with an egg is called?
Here are the choices:
A. fertilization
B. infection
C. migration
D. absorption | This image depicts a true wonder of nature. This tiny human sperm is penetrating a much larger egg. These two cells will unite to become a brand new human being. The process in which they unite is called fertilization. | A: fertilization. |
What is the term for the height of the wave?
Here are the choices:
A. amplitude
B. magnitude
C. vibration
D. frequency | (A) A wave consists of alternation crests and troughs. The wavelength (λ) is defined as the distance between any two consecutive identical points on the waveform. The amplitude is the height of the wave. (B) A wave with a short wavelength (top) has a high frequency because more waves pass a given point in a certain amo... | A: amplitude. |
When a plant has what deficiency, guard cells may lose turgor and close stomata?
Here are the choices:
A. light
B. air
C. water
D. cold | C: water. | |
What is a combination of two or more substances in any proportions called?
Here are the choices:
A. mix
B. mixture
C. Combination
D. structure | A mixture is a combination of two or more substances in any proportions. The substances in a mixture do not combine chemically, so they retain their physical properties. | B: mixture. |
What does subduction of a plate lead to?
Here are the choices:
A. swell and volcanism
B. melting and volcanism
C. bending and volcanism
D. pressure and volcanism | Subduction of a plate leads to melting and volcanism. | B: melting and volcanism. |
The mixture of gases that surrounds the planet and makes up the atmosphere is known as ________.
Here are the choices:
A. energy
B. vaccum
C. air
D. fuel | The atmosphere is a mixture of gases that surrounds the planet. We also call it air. The gases in the atmosphere include nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. Along with water vapor, the atmosphere allows life to survive. Without it, Earth would be a harsh, barren world. | C: air. |
What system protects the soft organs of the body?
Here are the choices:
A. nervous system
B. Cardiovascular system
C. skeletal system
D. digestive system | The skeletal system protects the soft organs of the body. For example, the skull surrounds and protects the brain. The ribs protect the heart and lungs. | C: skeletal system. |
Before the atmosphere became oxygenated, the planet was subjected to what harmful energy source, meaning the first organisms would have flourished where they were more protected?
Here are the choices:
A. conduction
B. radiation
C. convection
D. evaporation | Before the atmosphere became oxygenated, the planet was subjected to strong radiation; thus, the first organisms would have flourished where they were more protected, such as in ocean depths or beneath the surface of Earth. At this time, too, strong volcanic activity was common on Earth, so it is likely that these firs... | B: radiation. |
Turbulent sounds, at the onset of blood flow when the cuff pressure becomes sufficiently small are called?
Here are the choices:
A. pinworm sounds
B. whooping sounds
C. choanocyte sounds
D. korotkoff sounds | 12.5 The Onset of Turbulence Sometimes we can predict if flow will be laminar or turbulent. We know that flow in a very smooth tube or around a smooth, streamlined object will be laminar at low velocity. We also know that at high velocity, even flow in a smooth tube or around a smooth object will experience turbulence.... | D: korotkoff sounds. |
What is the simple sugar that living things us to store energy?
Here are the choices:
A. chloride
B. glucose
C. brown
D. nicotine | simple sugar that all living things use to store and transport energy. | B: glucose. |
Reversing the orientation of a chromosomal segment is called what?
Here are the choices:
A. spontaneous mutation
B. inversions
C. occurrences
D. volatiles | Inversions are reversing the orientation of a chromosomal segment. | B: inversions. |
What does the clitellum secrete, while the sperm received are stored temporarily?
Here are the choices:
A. discharge of mucus
B. amoeba of mucus
C. pathogen of mucus
D. cocoon of mucus | D: cocoon of mucus. | |
What forms when water vapor condenses around particles in the air?
Here are the choices:
A. humididty
B. wind
C. clouds
D. storms | Clouds form when water vapor condenses around particles in the air. The particles are specks of matter, such as dust or smoke. Billions of these tiny water droplets come together to make up a cloud. If the air is very cold, ice crystals form instead of liquid water. | C: clouds. |
The cycle of copper reacting is a good example of what principle?
Here are the choices:
A. conservation of energy
B. conservation of mass
C. conservation of momentum
D. law of inertia | A series of chemical reactions where an initial amount of copper reacts with nitric acid, goes into solution, and disappears. Then a series of reactions proceed, only to have the copper metal recovered. The copper cycle is a good illustration of how mass is conserved in a given chemical reaction. | B: conservation of mass. |
A ramp is an example of what?
Here are the choices:
A. change plane
B. inclined plane
C. level plane
D. move plane | A ramp like the one in the Figure below is another example of an inclined plane. Inclined planes make it easier to move objects to a higher elevation. The sloping surface of the inclined plane supports part of the weight of the object as it moves up the slope. As a result, it takes less force to move the object uphill.... | B: inclined plane. |
What kind of muscle is responsible for hollow organs contracting?
Here are the choices:
A. tough muscle
B. rough muscle
C. micro muscle
D. smooth muscle | Smooth muscles and cardiac muscles are not attached to bone. Recall that these types of muscles are under involuntary control. Smooth muscle is responsible for the contractility of hollow organs, such as blood vessels, the gastrointestinal tract, the bladder, or the uterus. Like skeletal muscles, smooth muscle fibers d... | D: smooth muscle. |
In vascular plants, do primary roots grow downward or to the side?
Here are the choices:
A. to the side
B. downward
C. neither
D. it depends | Roots are important organs in all vascular plants. Most vascular plants have two types of roots: primary roots that grow downward and secondary roots that branch out to the side. Together, all the roots of a plant make up a root system . | B: downward. |
What type of light has shorter wavelengths than visible light and has enough energy to kill bacteria?
Here are the choices:
A. ultraviolet
B. infrared
C. luminescence
D. reflected light | Mid-wavelength electromagnetic waves are called light. Light consists of visible, infrared, and ultraviolet light. Humans can see only visible light. Infrared light has longer wavelengths than visible light and is perceived as warmth. Ultraviolet light has shorter wavelengths than visible light and has enough energy to... | A: ultraviolet. |
What characteristic of the endothelium structure minimizes resistance to the flow of blood?
Here are the choices:
A. uneven surface
B. transition surface
C. smooth surface
D. liquid surface | C: smooth surface. | |
What type of bonds contain atoms that possess either a partial positive or a partial negative charge?
Here are the choices:
A. polar bonds
B. ionic bonds
C. geologic bonds
D. hot bonds | Polar bonds contain atoms that possess either a partial positive or a partial negative charge. | A: polar bonds. |
The body contains how many types of muscle tissue?
Here are the choices:
A. seven
B. four
C. two
D. three | 38.4 Muscle Contraction and Locomotion The body contains three types of muscle tissue: skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle. Skeleton muscle tissue is composed of sarcomeres, the functional units of muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs when sarcomeres shorten, as thick and thin filaments slide past ea... | D: three. |
The eyes of all vertebrates possess a single one of these structures?
Here are the choices:
A. sty
B. lens
C. stalk
D. vessel | B: lens. | |
The final stage of labor is delivery of the what?
Here are the choices:
A. placenta
B. embryo
C. umbilical cord
D. uterus | A: placenta. | |
All proteins are made of monomers called what?
Here are the choices:
A. amino acids
B. aminotides
C. peptides
D. monotides | Proteins are molecules that have many different functions in living things. All proteins are made of monomers called amino acids ( Figure below ) that connect together like beads on a necklace ( Figure below ). There are only 20 common amino acids needed to build proteins. These amino acids form in thousands of differe... | A: amino acids. |
What system consists of all the muscles of the body?
Here are the choices:
A. vascular
B. muscular
C. endocrine
D. digestive | The muscular system consists of all the muscles of the body. Does the word muscle make you think of the bulging biceps of a weightlifter, like the man in Figure below ? Muscles such as biceps that move the body are easy to feel and see, but they aren’t the only muscles in the human body. Many muscles are deep within th... | B: muscular. |
Photoautotrophs and chemoautotrophs are two basic types of what?
Here are the choices:
A. plants
B. decomposers
C. consumers
D. autotrophs | Producers are organisms that produce food for themselves and other organisms. They use energy and simple inorganic molecules to make organic compounds. The stability of producers is vital to ecosystems because all organisms need organic molecules. Producers are also called autotrophs . There are two basic types of auto... | D: autotrophs. |
Many genetic disorders are caused by mutations in one or a few of?
Here are the choices:
A. blood cells
B. genes
C. organs
D. lesions | Many genetic disorders are caused by mutations in one or a few genes. | B: genes. |
In some cases, the nervous system directly stimulates endocrine glands to release hormones, which is referred to as what?
Here are the choices:
A. functional stimuli
B. neural stimuli
C. brain stimuli
D. active stimuli | Neural Stimuli In some cases, the nervous system directly stimulates endocrine glands to release hormones, which is referred to as neural stimuli. Recall that in a short-term stress response, the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine are important for. | B: neural stimuli. |
What kind of reproduction results in offspring that are generally all genetically different?
Here are the choices:
A. asexual
B. individual
C. sexual
D. perceptual | Sexual reproduction is typically slower. However, it also has an advantage. Sexual reproduction results in offspring that are all genetically different. This can be a big plus for a species. The variation may help it adapt to changes in the environment. | C: sexual. |
When traveling through space what do mechanical waves lose?
Here are the choices:
A. energy
B. Force
C. Speed
D. Mass | An electromagnetic wave is a transverse wave that can travel across space as well as through matter. When it travels through space, it doesn’t lose energy to a medium as a mechanical wave does. | A: energy. |
How many types of major tissues do modern plants have?
Here are the choices:
A. two
B. three
C. four
D. seven | A tissue is a group of specialized cells of the same kind that perform the same function. Modern plants have three major types of tissues. They're called dermal, ground, and vascular tissues. | B: three. |
How does a reduced sweating ability affect elderly people?
Here are the choices:
A. extreme tiredness
B. extreme heat intolerance
C. loss of mental ability
D. less energy | The accessory structures also have lowered activity, generating thinner hair and nails, and reduced amounts of sebum and sweat. A reduced sweating ability can cause some elderly to be intolerant to extreme heat. Other cells in the skin, such as melanocytes and dendritic cells, also become less active, leading to a pale... | B: extreme heat intolerance. |
What substance do developing seeds produce which promotes fruit growth?
Here are the choices:
A. pepsin
B. auxin
C. xenon
D. interferon | B: auxin. | |
Different clouds are associated with different types of what?
Here are the choices:
A. weather conditions
B. zodiac signs
C. magnetic fields
D. biomes | A: weather conditions. | |
The testes produce sperm and secrete what?
Here are the choices:
A. melanin
B. estrogen
C. thyroxine
D. testosterone | The testes produce sperm and secrete testosterone. | D: testosterone. |
Friction does negative work and removes some of the energy the person expends and converts it to which kind of energy?
Here are the choices:
A. thermal
B. erosion
C. hydro
D. evaporation | Discussion for (a) This value is the net work done on the package. The person actually does more work than this, because friction opposes the motion. Friction does negative work and removes some of the energy the person expends and converts it to thermal energy. The net work equals the sum of the work done by each indi... | A: thermal. |
What happens when forces of evolution work over a long period of time?
Here are the choices:
A. substantial evolution
B. macroevolution
C. Microevolution
D. developmental evolution | What happens when forces of evolution work over a long period of time? The answer is macroevolution. An example is the evolution of a new species. | B: macroevolution. |
What measurement is used to describe the amount of water vapor in the air?
Here are the choices:
A. humidity
B. precipitation
C. barometric pressure
D. heat | Humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air. Relative humidity is the percent of water vapor in the air relative to the total amount the air can hold. The total amount depends on temperature. | A: humidity. |
Sebaceous glands produce an oily substance called what?
Here are the choices:
A. pus
B. sebum
C. synovial fluid
D. ear wax | Sebaceous glands produce an oily substance called sebum . Sebum is secreted into hair follicles and makes its way to the skin surface. It waterproofs the hair and skin and helps prevent them from drying out. Sebum also has antibacterial properties, so it inhibits the growth of microorganisms on the skin. | B: sebum. |
In what kind of a series does the genetic code work?
Here are the choices:
A. four-letter codes
B. nine letter-codes
C. three-letter codes
D. universal codes | The genetic code works as a series of three-letter codes. Each sequence of three letters, called a triplet, corresponds to one of the twenty common amino acids. The triplets are read by the cell, one after the other, in the process of protein synthesis. The Table below shows all of the possible triplets and the amino a... | C: three-letter codes. |
Free-flowing electrons enable what materials to conduct electricity and heat very well?
Here are the choices:
A. metals
B. alloys
C. noble gases
D. acids | This model for metallic bonding explains some of the physical properties of metals. Metals conduct electricity and heat very well because of their free-flowing electrons. As electrons enter one end of a piece of metal, an equal number of electrons flow outward from the other end, allowing an electrical current to pass ... | A: metals. |
What is the difference in voltage across a resistor or other electrical devices called?
Here are the choices:
A. voltage drop
B. power drop
C. falling voltage
D. volt effect | The name electric current is the name given to the phenomenon that occurs when an electric field moves down a wire at close to the speed of light. Voltage is the electrical energy density that causes the electric current. Resistance is the amount a device in the wire resists the flow of current by converting electrical... | A: voltage drop. |
What is the science that describes the ancestral and descendant connections between organisms?
Here are the choices:
A. polygamy
B. organic science
C. experimentally
D. phylogeny | Building Phylogenetic Trees with Analysis of DNA Sequence Alignments All living organisms display patterns of relationships derived from their evolutionary history. Phylogeny is the science that describes the relative connections between organisms, in terms of ancestral and descendant species. Phylogenetic trees, such ... | D: phylogeny. |
According to collision theory, particles that lack what kind of energy may collide, but the particles will simply bounce off one another unchanged?
Here are the choices:
A. kinetic energy
B. residual energy
C. viscosity energy
D. elastic energy | The behavior of the atoms, molecules, or ions that comprise the reactants is responsible for the rates of a given chemical reaction. Collision theory is a set of principles that states that the reacting particles can form products when they collide with one another provided those collisions have enough kinetic energy a... | A: kinetic energy. |
Muscles that move what long bone originate on the pelvic girdle?
Here are the choices:
A. sacrum
B. patella
C. tibia
D. femur | Gluteal Region Muscles That Move the Femur Most muscles that insert on the femur (the thigh bone) and move it, originate on the pelvic girdle. The psoas major and iliacus make up the iliopsoas group. Some of the largest and most powerful muscles in the body are the gluteal muscles or gluteal group. The gluteus maximus ... | D: femur. |
In an atom, what is determined by electron distribution in shells?
Here are the choices:
A. covalence
B. ionic bonds
C. electromagnetism
D. chemical behavior | D: chemical behavior. | |
What term is defined as a way of writing very large or small numbers that uses exponents?
Here are the choices:
A. exponential notation
B. quadratic notation
C. scientific notation
D. certain notation | Quantities in science may be very large or very small. This usually requires many zeroes to the left or right of the decimal point. Such numbers can be hard to read and write accurately. That’s where scientific notation comes in. Scientific notation is a way of writing very large or small numbers that uses exponents. N... | C: scientific notation. |
Electrons are always added to which energy level first?
Here are the choices:
A. the lowest
B. the highest
C. the major
D. the second | Electrons are always added to the lowest energy level first until it has the maximum number of electrons possible, and then electrons are added to the next higher energy level until that level is full, and so on. The maximum number of electrons at a given energy level depends on its number of orbitals. There are at mos... | A: the lowest. |
What type of symmetry do echinoderms show?
Here are the choices:
A. lateral
B. mirrored
C. radial
D. parallel | As mentioned earlier, echinoderms show radial symmetry. Other key echinoderm features include an internal skeleton and spines, as well as a few organs and organ systems. Although echinoderms look like they have a hard exterior, they do not have an external skeleton. Instead, a thin outer skin covers an internal skeleto... | C: radial. |
Nails cover the tips of what?
Here are the choices:
A. ribs and nerves
B. fingers and toes
C. lips and teeth
D. fingers and lips | Nails are similar to claws in other animals. They cover the tips of fingers and toes. Fingernails and toenails both grow from nail beds. As the nail grows, more cells are added at the nail bed. Older cells get pushed away from the nail bed and the nail grows longer. There are no nerve endings in the nail. Otherwise cut... | B: fingers and toes. |
Which carrier molecule becomes less effective at binding oxygen as temperature increases?
Here are the choices:
A. hemoglobin
B. water
C. helium
D. hydrogen | A: hemoglobin. | |
What is found at the top of the stamen?
Here are the choices:
A. pistil
B. petals
C. fungi
D. pollen | The next structure is the stamen , consisting of the stalk-like filament that holds up the anther , or pollen sac. The pollen, which is found at the top of the stamen, is the male gametophyte. | D: pollen. |
What field of study is called the language of science?
Here are the choices:
A. mathematics
B. physics
C. logic
D. linguistics | The field of science has gotten so big that it is common to separate it into more specific fields. First, there is mathematics, the language of science. All scientific fields use mathematics to express themselves—some more than others. Physics and astronomy are scientific fields concerned with the fundamental interacti... | A: mathematics. |
What is the term for tough, flexible connective tissue that contains the protein collagen?
Here are the choices:
A. cuticle
B. membrane
C. muscle
D. cartilage | Cartilage is a tough, flexible connective tissue that contains the protein collagen. It covers the ends of bones where they meet. The gray tissue in Figure below is cartilage. | D: cartilage. |
Liquid water changing to water vapor is called?
Here are the choices:
A. evaporation
B. respiration
C. transpiration
D. oxidation | A: evaporation. | |
What is used to prevent some infectious diseases?
Here are the choices:
A. vaccines
B. pesticides
C. pathogens
D. radiation | Vaccines are available for some infectious diseases. For example, there are vaccines to prevent measles, mumps, whooping cough, and chicken pox. These vaccines are recommended for infants and young children. | A: vaccines. |
The change in the characteristics of living things over time is known as _________
Here are the choices:
A. variation
B. spontaneous mutation
C. evolution
D. generation | Evolution is a change in the characteristics of living things over time. Evolution occurs by a process called natural selection. In natural selection, some living things produce more offspring than others, so they pass more genes to the next generation than others do. Over many generations, this can lead to major chang... | C: evolution. |
What provides building materials for the body?
Here are the choices:
A. water
B. energy
C. heat
D. food | Food provides building materials for the body. The body needs building materials for growth and repair. | D: food. |
What is the term for animals that eat producers to get energy?
Here are the choices:
A. herbivores
B. secondary consumers
C. predators
D. carnivores | Herbivores are animals that eat producers to get energy. For example, rabbits and deer are herbivores that eat plants. The caterpillar pictured below ( Figure below ) is a herbivore. Animals that eat phytoplankton in aquatic environments are also herbivores. | A: herbivores. |
Farsightedness, or hyperopia, is the condition in which distant objects are seen clearly, but nearby objects are?
Here are the choices:
A. inverted
B. blurry
C. invisible
D. darker | Farsightedness, or hyperopia, is the condition in which distant objects are seen clearly, but nearby objects are blurry. It occurs when the eyeball is shorter than normal. This causes images to be focused in back of the retina. Hyperopia can be corrected with convex lenses. The lenses focus images farther forward in th... | B: blurry. |
Melting ice and grinding wood into sawdust are examples of what?
Here are the choices:
A. physical changes
B. unpredictable changes
C. chemical changes
D. reversible changes | Melting ice and grinding wood into sawdust are examples of physical changes. | A: physical changes. |
In humans and other multicellular organisms, different types of what basic structures are specialized for specific jobs?
Here are the choices:
A. cells
B. organs
C. lipids
D. proteins | Different types of cells in the human body are specialized for specific jobs. Do you know the functions of any of the cell types shown here?. | A: cells. |
How much unpolarized light does a polarized filter block?
Here are the choices:
A. 40 %
B. 100%
C. 50%
D. 60 % | Polarized filters block 50% of unpolarized light. If two filters are oriented so that their polarization axes are aligned, how much light is transmitted? What about if their axes are oriented perpendicular to each other? Draw two diagrams below to support your answers. | C: 50%. |
What is the term for cellular eating?
Here are the choices:
A. phagocytosis
B. consumption
C. Pinocytosis
D. ancylosis | Phagocytosis , or cellular eating, occurs when the dissolved materials enter the cell. The plasma membrane engulfs the solid material, forming a phagocytic vesicle. | A: phagocytosis. |
Genes are used to make mrna by the process of transcription; mrna is used to synthesize proteins by the process of what?
Here are the choices:
A. translation
B. moderation
C. modification
D. production | 9.4 Translation The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information in the cell from genes to mRNA to proteins. Genes are used to make mRNA by the process of transcription; mRNA is used to synthesize proteins by the process of translation. The genetic code is the correspondence between the three-nucleotide mRNA... | A: translation. |
What is the most important way that humans communicate?
Here are the choices:
A. language
B. instinct
C. inheritance
D. painting | The most important way that humans communicate is with language. Language is the use of symbols to communicate. In human languages, the symbols are words. Words may stand for things, people, actions, feelings, or ideas. By combining words in sentences, language can be used to express very complex thoughts. | A: language. |
Somatic, autonomic, and enteric structures are part of what system?
Here are the choices:
A. adrenal system
B. circulatory system
C. nervous system
D. circulatory system | Figure 12.6 Somatic, Autonomic, and Enteric Structures of the Nervous System Somatic structures include the spinal nerves, both motor and sensory fibers, as well as the sensory ganglia (posterior root ganglia and cranial nerve ganglia). Autonomic structures are found in the nerves also, but include the sympathetic and ... | C: nervous system. |
Duckweed and cattails serve what role in the food chain in freshwater biomes?
Here are the choices:
A. primary consumer
B. primary producer
C. secondary consumer
D. tertiary consumer | Duckweed: Jonathan Jordan; Cattails: User:JoJan/Wikimedia Commons. Duckweed and cattails are respectively the primary producers in standing and running freshwater biomes . Duckweed: CC BY 2.0; Cattails: CC BY 3.0. | B: primary producer. |
If humans were to artificially intervene and fertilize the egg of a bald eagle with the sperm of an african fish eagle and a chick did hatch, that offspring, called a hybrid (a cross between two species), would probably be this?
Here are the choices:
A. nonviable
B. fertile
C. infertile
D. mutated | In other cases, individuals may appear similar although they are not members of the same species. For example, even though bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and African fish eagles (Haliaeetus vocifer) are both birds and eagles, each belongs to a separate species group (Figure 18.10). If humans were to artificiall... | C: infertile. |
What causes lightning during a thunderstorm?
Here are the choices:
A. difference in wind
B. difference in charge
C. difference in temperature
D. difference in elevation | During a thunderstorm, some parts of a thunderhead become negatively charged. Other parts become positively charged. The difference in charge creates lightning. Lightning is a huge release of electricity. Lightning can jump between oppositely charged parts of the same cloud, between one cloud and another, or between a ... | B: difference in charge. |
The human heart is located within what cavity?
Here are the choices:
A. spinal
B. pelvic
C. abdominal
D. thoracic | Location of the Heart The human heart is located within the thoracic cavity, medially between the lungs in the space known as the mediastinum. Figure 19.2 shows the position of the heart within the thoracic cavity. Within the mediastinum, the heart is separated from the other mediastinal structures by a tough membrane ... | D: thoracic. |
What is the name of the symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits while the other species is not affected?
Here are the choices:
A. differentiation
B. pollenation
C. mutualism
D. commensalism | Commensalism is a symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits while the other species is not affected. One species typically uses the other for a purpose other than food. For example, mites attach themselves to larger flying insects to get a “free ride. ” Hermit crabs use the shells of dead snails for homes. | D: commensalism. |
Living things need to take in nutrients so that they can grow and create what?
Here are the choices:
A. energy
B. plasma
C. hydrogen
D. protein | A: energy. | |
Common forms of what include light, chemical and heat, along with kinetic and potential?
Here are the choices:
A. fuel
B. reactions
C. energy
D. pressure | Energy can take several different forms. Common forms of energy include light, chemical, and heat energy. Other common forms are kinetic and potential energy. | C: energy. |
What is the job of hemoglobin in the body?
Here are the choices:
A. transports oxygen
B. infects oxygen
C. transports neurons
D. become scabs | Hemoglobin is a protein that transports oxygen throughout the body. Source: Image from the RCSB PDB (www. org) of PDB ID 1I3D (R. Kidd, H. Baker, A. Mathews, T. Brittain, E. Baker (2001) Oligomerization and ligand binding in a homotetrameric hemoglobin: two high-resolution crystal structures of hemoglobin Bart's (gamma... | A: transports oxygen. |
What are the most numerous and diverse biochemical compounds?
Here are the choices:
A. vitamins
B. lipids
C. acids
D. proteins | Proteins are the most numerous and diverse biochemical compounds. They have many different functions. | D: proteins. |
Loss of what eventually threatens other species not impacted directly, because of their interconnectedness; as species disappear from an ecosystem others are threatened by changes in available resources?
Here are the choices:
A. climate
B. oxygen
C. biodiversity
D. technology | Community Dynamics Community dynamics are the changes in community structure and composition over time. Sometimes these changes are induced by environmental disturbances such as volcanoes, earthquakes, storms, fires, and climate change. Communities with a stable structure are said to be at equilibrium. Following a dist... | C: biodiversity. |
How many centimeters are in a meter?
Here are the choices:
A. 1000
B. 100
C. 50
D. 200 | 500. mm is equivalent to 0.5 m. | B: 100. |
What is the term of a phase change if solid water has it's average kinetic energy increased to change it to liquid water?
Here are the choices:
A. melting
B. boiling
C. freezing
D. evaporation | Problem-Solving Strategies for the Effects of Heat Transfer 1. Examine the situation to determine that there is a change in the temperature or phase. Is there heat transfer into or out of the system? When the presence or absence of a phase change is not obvious, you may wish to first solve the problem as if there were ... | A: melting. |
What type of animals are known for being playful and frisky?
Here are the choices:
A. giant tortoises
B. snakes
C. sea otters
D. cows | Sea otters are known for being playful and frisky. They are serious eaters, however! A major part of a sea otter's diet are echinoderms, such as sea urchins. They manage to eat the soft part of the sea urchins while avoiding the huge sea urchin spines. | C: sea otters. |
Virtually all of the effects of pregnancy can be attributed in some way to the influence of what?
Here are the choices:
A. enzymes
B. acids
C. hormones
D. proteins | Effects of Hormones Virtually all of the effects of pregnancy can be attributed in some way to the influence of hormones—particularly estrogens, progesterone, and hCG. During weeks 7–12 from the LMP, the pregnancy hormones are primarily generated by the corpus luteum. Progesterone secreted by the corpus luteum stimulat... | C: hormones. |
A mass suspended by a wire is a simple type of what and undergoes simple harmonic motion for amplitudes less than about 15 degrees?
Here are the choices:
A. weight
B. pendulum
C. variation
D. gravity | 16.4 The Simple Pendulum • A mass m suspended by a wire of length L is a simple pendulum and undergoes simple harmonic motion for amplitudes less than about 15º. The period of a simple pendulum is. | B: pendulum. |
The structure of the gas carbon dioxide consists of one atom of carbon and two atoms of what?
Here are the choices:
A. Helium
B. sulfur
C. methane
D. oxygen | Another example is carbon dioxide. This gas is produced from a variety of reactions, often by the burning of materials. The structure of the gas consists of one atom of carbon and two atoms of oxygen. Carbon dioxide production is of interest in many areas, from the amount we breather out to the amount of the gas produc... | D: oxygen. |
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