questions stringlengths 37 1.22k | reasoning stringlengths 0 3.56k ⌀ | answers stringlengths 4 138 |
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What kind of waves travel through liquids and solids as well as air?
Here are the choices:
A. mind waves
B. sound waves
C. light waves
D. radio waves | Sound waves can travel through many different kinds of matter. Most of the sounds we hear travel through air, but sounds can also travel through liquids such as water and solids such as glass and metal. If you swim underwater — or even submerge your ears in bathwater — any sounds you hear have traveled to your ears thr... | B: sound waves. |
What is made by trees and other plants during photosynthesis?
Here are the choices:
A. methane
B. carbon dioxide
C. oxygen
D. nitrogen | Oxygen is made by trees and other plants during photosynthesis. We know that we need oxygen to live. But why? This oxygen is an essential component for the optimal production of usable energy - which occurs through cellular respiration. | C: oxygen. |
Regardless of the mode, light is modeled as traveling in straight lines called what?
Here are the choices:
A. waves
B. rays
C. arrows
D. electrons | 25.1 The Ray Aspect of Light There are three ways in which light can travel from a source to another location. (See Figure 25.3. ) It can come directly from the source through empty space, such as from the Sun to Earth. Or light can travel through various media, such as air and glass, to the person. Light can also arri... | B: rays. |
What are organisms called, like the red-winged blackbird, that eat many different types of food?
Here are the choices:
A. specalist
B. generalists
C. carniverous
D. omniverous | Birds may be specialists or generalists in terms of what they eat. Generalists are organisms that eat many different types of food. Birds that are generalists include the red-winged blackbird in Figure below . It has a basic beak that can eat many different foods. Red-winged blackbirds are omnivores. They may eat a wid... | B: generalists. |
What is a common name for the descriptive hypothesis that help to understand patterns of descent?
Here are the choices:
A. evolutionary trees
B. genetic trees
C. genetic order
D. gene mapping | A: evolutionary trees. | |
Exemplified by a lit match bursting into flame or the process that forms fossil fuels, chemical reactions vary greatly in terms of what?
Here are the choices:
A. density
B. duration
C. power
D. speed | Chemical reactions vary widely in the speeds with which they occur. Some reactions occur very quickly. If a lighted match is brought in contact with lighter fluid or another flammable liquid, it erupts into flame instantly and burns fast. Other reactions occur very slowly. A container of milk in the refrigerator will b... | D: speed. |
What is the best room in the home to start saving water?
Here are the choices:
A. the bedroom
B. the kitchen
C. the basement
D. the bathroom | It’s easy to save water at home. If you save even a few gallons a day you can make a big difference in the long run. The best place to start saving water is in the bathroom. Toilet flushing is the single biggest use of water in the home. Showers and baths are the next biggest use. Follow the tips below to save water at... | D: the bathroom. |
Latitude affects the amount of which radiation a place receives?
Here are the choices:
A. thermal
B. surface
C. molecular
D. solar | Latitude affects the amount of solar radiation a place receives. | D: solar. |
What physical property of matter reflects how closely packed the particles are?
Here are the choices:
A. volume
B. diameter
C. strength
D. density | Density is an important physical property of matter. It reflects how closely packed the particles of matter are. Density is calculated from the amount of mass in a given volume of matter, using the formula:. | D: density. |
What is the force of attraction between fundamental particles called quarks, called.
Here are the choices:
A. magnetism
B. strong nuclear force
C. weak nuclear force
D. gravity | The strong nuclear force is a force of attraction between fundamental particles called quarks, which have a type of charge called color charge. The strong nuclear force is transferred between quarks by fundamental force-carrying particles called gluons. Both protons and neutrons consist of quarks. The exchange of gluon... | B: strong nuclear force. |
The force that pulls objects toward the earth is what?
Here are the choices:
A. Friction
B. gravity
C. Tension
D. Magnetic force | B: gravity. | |
What is the distance something travels in a given amount of time called?
Here are the choices:
A. coverage
B. speed
C. circulation
D. revolution | A snail might travel 2 centimeters in a minute. A cheetah might travel 2 kilometers in the same amount of time. The distance something travels in a given amount of time is its speed. | B: speed. |
One type of tissue, called brown fat, is made up of cells packed full of what?
Here are the choices:
A. proteins
B. chromosomes
C. Atoms
D. mitochondria | D: mitochondria. | |
Abnormal electrical activity in the brain is the cause of what disease associated with seizures?
Here are the choices:
A. Alzheimer's
B. epilepsy
C. malaria
D. anemia | Epilepsy is a disease in which seizures occur. A seizure is a period of lost consciousness that may include violent muscle contractions. It is caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Epilepsy may result from an infection, injury, or tumor. In many cases, however, the cause can’t be identified. There is no ... | B: epilepsy. |
Because atoms are always electrically neutral, for each added proton, one of what is also added?
Here are the choices:
A. quark
B. ion
C. electron
D. neutron | From left to right across the periodic table, each element has one more proton than the element to its left. Because atoms are always electrically neutral, for each added proton, one electron is also added. Electrons are added first to the lowest energy level possible until that level is full. Only then are electrons a... | C: electron. |
What is the group of single-celled organisms lacking a nucleus that have a single piece of circular dna in the nucleoid area of the cell?
Here are the choices:
A. prokaryotes
B. chromosomes
C. algae
D. eukaryotes | 22.2 Structure of Prokaryotes Prokaryotes (domains Archaea and Bacteria) are single-celled organisms lacking a nucleus. They have a single piece of circular DNA in the nucleoid area of the cell. Most prokaryotes have a cell wall that lies outside the boundary of the plasma membrane. Some prokaryotes may have additional... | A: prokaryotes. |
What are electromagnetic waves created by?
Here are the choices:
A. oscillating charges
B. gravitational charges
C. particle charges
D. Static Charges | 24.2 Production of Electromagnetic Waves • Electromagnetic waves are created by oscillating charges (which radiate whenever accelerated) and have the same frequency as the oscillation. • Since the electric and magnetic fields in most electromagnetic waves are perpendicular to the direction in which the wave moves, it i... | A: oscillating charges. |
What is the first stage of cellular respiration?
Here are the choices:
A. Krebs cycle
B. photosynthesis
C. glycolysis
D. electron transport | The first stage of cellular respiration is glycolysis . It takes place in the cytosol of the cytoplasm. | C: glycolysis. |
Red algae and green algae are the closest relatives of what?
Here are the choices:
A. land plants
B. water plants
C. arctic plants
D. transfer plants | 28.5 Red algae and green algae are the closest relatives of land plants. | A: land plants. |
The axial skeleton forms the vertical, central axis of the body and includes all bones of the head, neck, chest, and back. it serves to protect the brain, spinal cord, heart, and what else?
Here are the choices:
A. lungs
B. ovaries
C. knees
D. intestines | The Axial Skeleton The skeleton is subdivided into two major divisions—the axial and appendicular. The axial skeleton forms the vertical, central axis of the body and includes all bones of the head, neck, chest, and back (Figure 7.2). It serves to protect the brain, spinal cord, heart, and lungs. It also serves as the ... | A: lungs. |
What is an object that orbits a larger object called?
Here are the choices:
A. comet
B. satellite
C. meteorite
D. asteroid | One of the first uses of rockets in space was to launch satellites. A satellite is an object that orbits a larger object. An orbit is a circular or elliptical path around an object. Natural objects in orbit are called natural satellites. The Moon is a natural satellite. Human-made objects in orbit are called artificial... | B: satellite. |
When atoms gain or lose electrons, what is formed?
Here are the choices:
A. crystals
B. gas
C. ions
D. molecules | As we saw in the previous chapter, ions are formed when atoms gain or lose electrons. If an atom loses one or more electrons, the resulting ion has a positive charge (more protons are present than electrons). If the atom gains one or more electrons, the resulting ion has a negative charge (more electrons are present th... | C: ions. |
Lymph capillaries collect the fluid that leaks from blood capillaries and slowly return it to what system?
Here are the choices:
A. cardiovascular
B. circulatory
C. muscular
D. gastrointestinal | Courtesy of the U. S. National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program. Lymph capillaries collect the flood the leaks from blood capillaries and is slowly returned to the cardiovascular system . | A: cardiovascular. |
Asthma affects what tiny branches into which the bronchi are divided?
Here are the choices:
A. macrophages
B. cilia
C. bronchioles
D. platelets | Asthma is a chronic illness in which the bronchioles, the tiny branches into which the bronchi are divided, become inflamed and narrow ( Figure below ). The muscles around the bronchioles contract, which narrows the airways. Large amounts of mucus are also made by the cells in the lungs. People with asthma have difficu... | C: bronchioles. |
The difference between aldehydes and ketones is the placement of what group within the molecule?
Here are the choices:
A. ammonia
B. carbonyl
C. nucleus
D. benadryl | The difference between aldehydes and ketones is the placement of the carbonyl group within the molecule. An aldehyde is an organic compound in which the carbonyl group is attached to a carbon atom at the end of a carbon chain. A ketone is an organic compound in which the carbonyl group is attached to a carbon atom with... | B: carbonyl. |
A plane mirror has a flat reflective surface and forms only which kind of images?
Here are the choices:
A. enlarged
B. virtual
C. spherical
D. reduced | Most mirrors are plane mirrors. A plane mirror has a flat reflective surface and forms only virtual images. The image formed by a plane mirror is also life sized. But something is different about the image compared with the real object in front of the mirror. Left and right are reversed. Look at the man shaving in Figu... | B: virtual. |
Dissolved fertilizer can ultimately lead to the creation of what in lakes or coastal oceans, which means a place where nothing can live?
Here are the choices:
A. hydrothermal vent
B. deceased zone
C. extinction zone
D. dead zone | Chemicals that are applied to farm fields include fertilizers and pesticides. Excess chemicals can be picked up by rainwater. The chemicals can end up in streams, ponds, lakes, or the ocean. Dissolved fertilizer causes tremendous numbers of water plants and algae to grow. This can lead to dead zones where nothing can l... | D: dead zone. |
When the hydrogen is nearly used up, the star can fuse which element into heavier elements?
Here are the choices:
A. xenon
B. oxygen
C. carbon
D. helium | Within a nebula, there are varying regions where gravity has caused the gas and dust to clump together. The gravitational attraction of these clumps pull more atoms into the clump. As this accretion continues, the gas pressure increases and the core of the protostar gets hotter and hotter. If the protostar gets dense e... | D: helium. |
What type of cell has negative anode is positive cathode?
Here are the choices:
A. planetoid cell
B. picric cell
C. voltaic cell
D. non-voltaic cell | The standard cell potential is negative, indicating a nonspontaneous reaction. The battery must be capable of delivering at least 1.10 V of direct current in order for the reaction to occur. Another difference between a voltaic cell and an electrolytic cell is the signs of the electrodes. In a voltaic cell, the anode i... | C: voltaic cell. |
Which human body system controls the amount of water in the body and removes wastes?
Here are the choices:
A. urinary system
B. digestive system
C. lymphatic system
D. mucous system | The urinary system controls the amount of water in the body and removes wastes. Any problem with the urinary system can also affect many other body systems. | A: urinary system. |
Rounded grains indicate that the minerals eroded from what?
Here are the choices:
A. recent rock
B. fossils
C. iron
D. earlier rock | Cratonic rocks contain rounded sedimentary grains. Rounded grains indicate that the minerals eroded from an earlier rock. It also means that rivers or seas existed. | D: earlier rock. |
Changes of state of matter do not involve what type of reaction?
Here are the choices:
A. mechanical reaction
B. radiation
C. gaseous reaction
D. chemical reaction | Not all changes in matter involve chemical reactions. For example, there are no chemical reactions involved in changes of state. When liquid water freezes or evaporates, it is still water. No bonds are broken and no new products are formed. | D: chemical reaction. |
What type of mining is used to recover ores that are deeper into earth’s surface?
Here are the choices:
A. deep mining
B. explosive mining
C. underground
D. underwater mining | Underground mining is used to recover ores that are deeper into Earth’s surface. Miners blast and tunnel into rock to gain access to the ores. An underground ore deposit can be approached from above, below, or sideways. The direction depends on the placement of the ore body, its depth, the concentration of ore, and the... | C: underground. |
What are liverworts with a flattened, ribbon-like body called?
Here are the choices:
A. thallose liverworts
B. hornworts
C. hepatic liverworts
D. kidney liverworts | Jason Hollinger. Liverworts with a flattened, ribbon-like body are called thallose liverworts . CC BY 2.0. | A: thallose liverworts. |
What is made up of organisms of the same species that live in the same area?
Here are the choices:
A. tissue
B. population
C. countries
D. system | Communities consist of populations of different species. The size and growth of populations in a community are influenced by species interactions. For example, predator-prey relationships control the growth of both predator and prey populations. | B: population. |
The oxygen atom in a water molecule pull the electrons away from the hydrogen atoms which leads to an unequal distribution of what?
Here are the choices:
A. atomic mass
B. charge
C. orbits
D. nitrogen | This model shows the arrangement of oxygen and hydrogen atoms in a water molecule. A water molecule has a bent or angular (non-linear) shape, with an angle of about 105°. The nucleus of the oxygen atom attracts electrons more strongly than do the hydrogen nuclei. As a result, the middle part of the molecule near oxygen... | B: charge. |
Are zeroes that show only where the decimal point fall significant or not significant?
Here are the choices:
A. significant
B. sometimes significant
C. not significant
D. neither | Zeros that show only where the decimal point falls are not significant. For example, the number 470,000 has just two significant figures (4 and 7). The zeros just show that the 4 represents hundreds of thousands and the 7 represents tens of thousands. Therefore, these zeros are not significant. | C: not significant. |
Torpor, a process that leads to a decrease in activity and metabolism and allows animals to survive adverse conditions, includes what long winter 'sleep'?
Here are the choices:
A. relaxation
B. fermentation
C. pollination
D. hibernation | Energy Requirements Related to Levels of Activity The more active an animal is, the more energy is needed to maintain that activity, and the higher its BMR or SMR. The average daily rate of energy consumption is about two to four times an animal’s BMR or SMR. Humans are more sedentary than most animals and have an aver... | D: hibernation. |
What produces gametes with different alleles?
Here are the choices:
A. anthocyanins
B. prokaryotes
C. chromatids
D. heterozygotes | D: heterozygotes. | |
What term is used to describe structures that are similar in unrelated organisms?
Here are the choices:
A. isolated
B. analogous
C. reproductive
D. symbolic | Analogous structures are structures that are similar in unrelated organisms. The structures are similar because they evolved to do the same job, not because they were inherited from a common ancestor. For example, the wings of bats and birds, shown in Figure below , look similar on the outside. They also have the same ... | B: analogous. |
What is defined as a saturated layer of rock or soil?
Here are the choices:
A. river bank
B. culvert
C. artesian well
D. aquifer | An aquifer is a saturated layer of rock or soil. | D: aquifer. |
Air flows into the lungs largely due to a difference in what?
Here are the choices:
A. thrust
B. resistance
C. pressure
D. gravity | Pulmonary Ventilation The difference in pressures drives pulmonary ventilation because air flows down a pressure gradient, that is, air flows from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure. Air flows into the lungs largely due to a difference in pressure; atmospheric pressure is greater than intra-alveola... | C: pressure. |
The cytoplasm divides during what stage of the cell cycle?
Here are the choices:
A. electrolysis
B. capitis
C. birthing
D. cytokinesis | 3. The third step is the division of the rest of the cell. This is called cytokinesis, as it is in a prokaryotic cell. During this step, the cytoplasm divides, and two daughter cells form. | D: cytokinesis. |
Researchers have also used insect courtship to explore genetic variation underlying differences in what?
Here are the choices:
A. reproduction
B. instance
C. function
D. behavior | D: behavior. | |
What part of the brain lies under the cerebrum and behind the brain stem?
Here are the choices:
A. thymus
B. medulla
C. spinal cord
D. cerebellum | The cerebellum is the next largest part of the brain. It lies under the cerebrum and behind the brain stem. The cerebellum controls body position, coordination, and balance. Whether you are riding a bicycle or writing with a pen, you are using your cerebellum. | D: cerebellum. |
In human females, the mammary glands are associated with, but not part of, what organ system that is used to create new humans?
Here are the choices:
A. reproductive
B. endocrine
C. digestive
D. immune | A: reproductive. | |
What is the term for volcanic mudflows?
Here are the choices:
A. cones
B. plumes
C. rivers
D. lahars | Mudflows or lahars, which are volcanic mudflows, are mass movements that contain a lot of water. | D: lahars. |
During the scientific revolution, who proposed that the sun, not earth, is the center of the solar system?
Here are the choices:
A. copernicus
B. Newton
C. janus
D. Galileo | The Scientific Revolution occurred in Europe. This was the beginning of modern Western science. Many scientific advances were made during this time. Copernicus proposed that the sun, not Earth, is the center of the solar system. | A: copernicus. |
Quantum chromodynamics combines what property with quark theory?
Here are the choices:
A. mass
B. sound
C. color
D. contrast | Why must hadrons be white? The color scheme is intentionally devised to explain why baryons have three quarks and mesons have a quark and an antiquark. Quark color is thought to be similar to charge, but with more values. An ion, by analogy, exerts much stronger forces than a neutral molecule. When the color of a combi... | C: color. |
Traits inherited in mendelian patterns are either?
Here are the choices:
A. dominant or autosomal
B. recessive or allelic
C. divergent or dominant
D. dominant or recessive | D: dominant or recessive. | |
What kind of reproduction results in offspring that are genetically unique?
Here are the choices:
A. asexual reproduction
B. fragmentation
C. sexual reproduction
D. budding | Sexual reproduction results in infinite possibilities of genetic variation. In other words, sexual reproduction results in offspring that are genetically unique. They differ from both parents and also from each other. This occurs for a number of reasons. | C: sexual reproduction. |
How many vertebrae make up the human vertebral column?
Here are the choices:
A. 33
B. 35
C. 32
D. 35 | Human Vertebral Column and Vertebrae. The human vertebral column consists of 33 vertebrae. Two vertebrae are shown here enlarged. | A: 33. |
What do cells of dermal tissue secrete?
Here are the choices:
A. cuticle
B. moisture
C. blood
D. hair | Dermal tissue covers the outside of a plant. It's like the plant's skin. Cells of dermal tissue secrete a waxy substance called cuticle. Cuticle helps prevent water loss and damage to the plant. | A: cuticle. |
What is the term for many different types of animals within the same species?
Here are the choices:
A. differentiation
B. pollution
C. diversity
D. habitat | C: diversity. | |
What is a process in which some substances change into different substances?
Here are the choices:
A. a bio reaction
B. a chemical reaction
C. a thermodynamic reaction
D. a toxic reaction | A chemical reaction is a process in which some substances change into different substances. In a chemical reaction, bonds break in reactants and new bonds form in products. | B: a chemical reaction. |
What causes nitrate to go back to its gaseous nitrogen state?
Here are the choices:
A. enzymes
B. decomposers
C. denitrifying bacteria
D. phytoflagellate bacteria | Denitrifying bacteria turn nitrate back into gaseous nitrogen. | C: denitrifying bacteria. |
What is the metabolic process by which cells obtain energy by “burning” glucose?
Here are the choices:
A. cellular respiration
B. cellular transportation
C. electromagnetic respiration
D. cellular digestion | The use of the word respiration in relation to gas exchange is different from its use in the term cellular respiration . Recall that cellular respiration is the metabolic process by which cells obtain energy by “burning” glucose. Cellular respiration uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. Respiration by the respirato... | A: cellular respiration. |
What weakly scatters visible light?
Here are the choices:
A. air
B. space
C. water
D. Reflection | The color of a material is due to the ability of its atoms to absorb certain wavelengths while reflecting or reemitting others. A simple red material, for example a tomato, absorbs all visible wavelengths except red. This is because the atoms of its hydrocarbon pigment (lycopene) have levels separated by a variety of e... | A: air. |
Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, what carries un-oxygenated blood back to the heart?
Here are the choices:
A. veins
B. glands
C. lungs
D. intestines | A: veins. | |
What type of analysis is performed to study gene expression patterns in cells?
Here are the choices:
A. dna analysis
B. proteins analysis
C. rna analysis
D. residues analysis | RNA analysis is performed to study gene expression patterns in cells. RNA is naturally very unstable because RNAses are commonly present in nature and very difficult to inactivate. Similar to DNA, RNA extraction involves the use of various buffers and enzymes to inactivate macromolecules and preserve the RNA. Gel Elect... | C: rna analysis. |
What class are centipedes and millipedes in?
Here are the choices:
A. xerophyte
B. myriapoda
C. terapoda
D. spirogyra | Myriapoda, which includes centipedes and millipedes. All of these animals live on land, and can have anywhere from ten to nearly 200 pairs of appendages. | B: myriapoda. |
Light moving from air into water is bent ___________ the normal?
Here are the choices:
A. Longly
B. thinly
C. more
D. less | Light moving from air into water is bent ___________ the normal. | C: more. |
An electrical signal along a nerve cell triggers the secretion of what?
Here are the choices:
A. neurotransmitter molecules
B. axons
C. conduction molecules
D. attenuation molecules | A: neurotransmitter molecules. | |
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus and sulfur are basic elements that form what type of compounds, which are vital to life?
Here are the choices:
A. organic compounds
B. inorganic compounds
C. amino acids
D. hydrocarbons | In just the right combinations, you get life. Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus and sulfur. Some of the most basic of elements, but some of the most important. Together they can form countless combinations of organic compounds. And in just the right combinations, anything can happen. | A: organic compounds. |
Urea and carbon dioxide are molecules with how many carbon atoms?
Here are the choices:
A. four
B. one
C. even number
D. two | B: one. | |
Half of the neurons formed in the embryo are eliminated because of _____________
Here are the choices:
A. cell death
B. contraction
C. disease
D. competition | D: competition. | |
What do omnivores eat?
Here are the choices:
A. only plants
B. only seafood
C. only animals
D. plants & animals | Omnivores are heterotrophs that consume both plants and animals. They include crows and human beings. The grizzly bears pictured in Figure below are also omnivores. | D: plants & animals. |
Upwelling mantle at the mid-ocean ridge pushes plates in which direction?
Here are the choices:
A. outward
B. westward
C. eastward
D. inward | Plates move for two reasons. Upwelling mantle at the mid-ocean ridge pushes plates outward. Cold lithosphere sinking into the mantle at a subduction zone pulls the rest of the plate down with it. | A: outward. |
Why are exotic species also called invasive species?
Here are the choices:
A. disregard other species
B. help other species
C. imitate other species
D. threaten other species | conditions in the new environment, threatening the species that exist there. For this reason, exotic species are also called invasive species. Exotic species can threaten other species through competition for resources, predation, or disease. | D: threaten other species. |
The process of producing mature sperm is called what?
Here are the choices:
A. glycogenolysis
B. spermatogenesis
C. ketoacidosis
D. spermatosis | The process of producing mature sperm is called spermatogenesis . Sperm are produced in the seminiferous tubules of the testes and become mature in the epididymis . The entire process takes about 9 to 10 weeks. You can watch an animation of spermatogenesis at this link: http://wps. aw. com/bc_martini_eap_4/40/10469/268... | B: spermatogenesis. |
Unlike theories, which are proved true, what are often falsified?
Here are the choices:
A. controls
B. samples
C. conclusions
D. hypotheses | D: hypotheses. | |
What living things have cell walls containing cellulose and plastids such as chloroplasts?
Here are the choices:
A. plants
B. mammals
C. reptiles
D. animals | Plants have eukaryotic cells with large central vacuoles, cell walls containing cellulose, and plastids such as chloroplasts and chromoplasts. Different types of plant cells include parenchymal, collenchymal, and sclerenchymal cells. The three types differ in structure and function. | A: plants. |
Where does the energy from an atomic bomb come from?
Here are the choices:
A. neutron
B. nucleus of atom
C. electron shell
D. isotope of atom | An atomic bomb explodes and generates a huge mushroom cloud. The tremendous energy released when the bomb explodes is incredibly destructive. Where does all the energy come from? The answer is the nucleus of the atom. | B: nucleus of atom. |
Removal of dams on rivers is an example of what?
Here are the choices:
A. reproduction
B. evolution
C. renewal
D. restoration | 21.3 Preserving Biodiversity Five mass extinctions with losses of more than 50 percent of extant species are observable in the fossil record. Recent extinctions are recorded in written history and are the basis for one method of estimating contemporary extinction rates. The other method uses measures of habitat loss an... | D: restoration. |
What is considered the smallest unit of life?
Here are the choices:
A. cell
B. molecule
C. proteins
D. particle | CHAPTER SUMMARY 4.1 Studying Cells A cell is the smallest unit of life. Most cells are so tiny that they cannot be seen with the naked eye. Therefore, scientists use microscopes to study cells. Electron microscopes provide higher magnification, higher resolution, and more detail than. | A: cell. |
What living things are considered photoautotrophs because they use sunlight and carbon from carbon dioxide to synthesize chemical energy in the form of carbohydrates?
Here are the choices:
A. protazoa
B. moulds
C. plants
D. bacteria | Solar Dependence and Food Production Some organisms can carry out photosynthesis, whereas others cannot. An autotroph is an organism that can produce its own food. The Greek roots of the word autotroph mean “self” (auto) “feeder” (troph). Plants are the best-known autotrophs, but others exist, including certain types o... | C: plants. |
Acids are molecular compounds that dissolve in water to produce hydronium ions and what else?
Here are the choices:
A. a neutron
B. an anion
C. a proton
D. an alkali | Acids are molecular compounds that dissolve in water to produce hydronium ions and an anion. | B: an anion. |
What is the terme for water vapor changing to liquid water?
Here are the choices:
A. transubstantiation
B. evaporation
C. condensation
D. freezing | C: condensation. | |
What processes involve a transfer of electrons between the wire and the solution?
Here are the choices:
A. electrochemical
B. thermal
C. magnetic
D. radioactive | Electrochemistry is the study of chemical processes that occur at the interface between an electron conductor, such as a wire, and a solution of electrolytes, which is often simply an ionic substance dissolved in water. Electrochemical processes involve a transfer of electrons between the wire and the solution. These r... | A: electrochemical. |
What happens when development of nervous system is disturbed?
Here are the choices:
A. muscular disorders
B. neurochemical disorders
C. neurodevelopmental disorders
D. vascular disorders | Neurodevelopmental Disorders Neurodevelopmental disorders occur when the development of the nervous system is disturbed. There are several different classes of neurodevelopmental disorders. Some, like Down Syndrome, cause intellectual deficits. Others specifically affect communication, learning, or the motor system. So... | C: neurodevelopmental disorders. |
What color is the fungus in blue cheese?
Here are the choices:
A. pink
B. green
C. purple
D. blue | Blue cheese is blue because of the fungus growing throughout it. | D: blue. |
Not even light can escape from what extremely dense object sometimes found in deep space?
Here are the choices:
A. large holes
B. star holes
C. light holes
D. black holes | Black holes Black holes are objects having such large gravitational fields that things can fall in, but nothing, not even light, can escape. Bodies, like the Earth or the Sun, have what is called an escape velocity. If an object moves straight up from the body, starting at the escape velocity, it will just be able to e... | D: black holes. |
The nucleus is comprised primarily of?
Here are the choices:
A. faith
B. matter
C. energy
D. empty space | While the great majority of the alpha particles did pass straight through the foil with no deflection, to everyone’s surprise, some alpha particles were deflected. In fact, some alpha were bounced almost straight backward by the foil. Rutherford, using Coulomb’s law and Newton’s laws found that the results could be exp... | D: empty space. |
What in mammalian lungs, increases the surface area for gas exchange?
Here are the choices:
A. bronchioles
B. thorax
C. bronchi
D. alveoli | The lungs of mammals are unique in having alveoli. These are tiny, sac-like structures. Each alveolus is surrounded by a network of very small blood vessels (see Figure below ). Because there are millions of alveoli in each lung, they greatly increase the surface area for gas exchange between the lungs and bloodstream.... | D: alveoli. |
What is the process by which some solids transition directly into gases?
Here are the choices:
A. amplification
B. articulation
C. vaporization
D. sublimation | Sublimation and Deposition Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublim... | D: sublimation. |
What are the two main parts of the human nervous system?
Here are the choices:
A. lungs, brain
B. brain, spinal cord
C. lungs, spinal cord
D. brain, heart | B: brain, spinal cord. | |
In frequency, the larger the air column, the larger the what?
Here are the choices:
A. absorption
B. mass
C. wavelength
D. gravity | a) The water forms the bottom of the tube and thus where the node of the wave will be. Thus the air column is where the sound wave can exist. The larger the air column, the larger the wavelength. Frequency is inversely proportional to wavelength, thus the tube with the smallest air column will have the highest frequenc... | C: wavelength. |
Subducting plate and epicenter are terms related to what phenomenon?
Here are the choices:
A. eruption
B. tidal wave
C. hurricane
D. earthquake | A cross section of earthquake epicenters. The depth outlines the subducting plate. There are shallow, intermediate, and deep earthquakes. | D: earthquake. |
What is the process by which organisms break down chemicals to make food energy?
Here are the choices:
A. electrolysis
B. excretion
C. gametogenesis
D. chemosynthesis | In chemosynthesis, organisms break down chemicals to make food energy. | D: chemosynthesis. |
What is the term for an organism’s underlying genetic makeup, consisting of both the physically visible and the non-expressed alleles?
Here are the choices:
A. trait map
B. phenotype
C. divergency
D. genotype | Phenotypes and Genotypes Two alleles for a given gene in a diploid organism are expressed and interact to produce physical characteristics. The observable traits expressed by an organism are referred to as its phenotype. An organism’s underlying genetic makeup, consisting of both the physically visible and the non-expr... | D: genotype. |
Which organ is a wide tube connecting the small intestine with the anus?
Here are the choices:
A. stomach
B. jejunum
C. rectum
D. large intestine | The large intestine is a wide tube that connects the small intestine with the anus. In adults, the large intestine is about 1.5 meters (5 feet) long. It is larger in width but shorter in length than the small intestine. | D: large intestine. |
What is produced when sulfur and oxygen combine?
Here are the choices:
A. ethanol oxides
B. Solid oxides
C. sulfur oxides
D. treatment oxides | Sulfur oxides include sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ). Sulfur oxides are produced when sulfur and oxygen combine. This happens when coal burns. Coal can contain up to 10 percent sulfur. | C: sulfur oxides. |
Plant cells divide into two equal halves during what process?
Here are the choices:
A. cytokinesis
B. prokaryotes
C. mitosis
D. death | C: mitosis. | |
What is the type of succession that happens after the destruction of a habitat?
Here are the choices:
A. typical succession
B. tertiary succession
C. secondary succession
D. primary succession | Sometimes ecological succession occurs in areas where life has already existed. These areas already have soil full of nutrients. Secondary succession is the type of succession that happens after something destroys the habitat, such as a flood or other natural disaster. Abandoning a field that was once used for agricult... | C: secondary succession. |
The name of a monatomic cation is simply the name of the element followed by this word?
Here are the choices:
A. laser
B. amine
C. bond
D. ion | The name of a monatomic cation is simply the name of the element followed by the word ion. Thus, Na+ is the sodium ion, Al3+ is the aluminum ion, Ca2+ is the calcium ion, and so forth. We have seen that some elements lose different numbers of electrons, producing ions of different charges (Figure 3.3 "Predicting Ionic ... | D: ion. |
What is an extremely severe food allergy reaction?
Here are the choices:
A. sepsis
B. anaphylaxis
C. lymphocytes
D. apoptosis | Food allergies occur when the immune system reacts to substances in food as though they were harmful “foreign invaders. ” Foods that are most likely to cause allergies are pictured in Figure below , and include nuts, eggs, grains and milk. Symptoms of food allergies often include vomiting and diarrhea. Symptoms of food... | B: anaphylaxis. |
What do you call the formation of a water vapor pocket?
Here are the choices:
A. precipitation
B. cavitation
C. conduction
D. coagulation | B: cavitation. | |
Internal body fluids link exchange surfaces to what else?
Here are the choices:
A. tissue
B. body cells
C. ligaments
D. organs | B: body cells. | |
What magnetism is produced by electricity?
Here are the choices:
A. excitation
B. electromagnetism
C. Charges
D. diffusion | Magnetism produced by electricity is called electromagnetism . Today, electromagnetism is used in many electric devices. However, until electromagnetism was discovered, scientists thought that electricity and magnetism were unrelated. A Danish scientist named Hans Christian Oersted (pictured in the Figure below ) chang... | B: electromagnetism. |
What is a type of plant tissue consisting of undifferentiated cells that can continue to divide and differentiate?
Here are the choices:
A. epidermis
B. cambium
C. ganglion
D. meristem | Most plants continue to grow as long as they live. They grow through a combination of cell growth and cell division (mitosis). The key to plant growth is meristem, a type of plant tissue consisting of undifferentiated cells that can continue to divide and differentiate. Meristem allows plant stems and roots to grow lon... | D: meristem. |
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