question stringlengths 0 2.44k | prompt listlengths 1 1 | ground_truth stringlengths 0 8.31k | category stringclasses 12
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Why do certain colors glow under a black light but others don't? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If you're talking about clothing, white clothing is treated with optical brighteners that absorb UV radiation and re-emit it as blue light (fluorescence). It makes slightly tan materials appear white in most lighting environments - the material reflects a portion of the visible spectrum (averaging a tan color), and the... | Chemistry |
Why is the US labeled as one of the richest countries in the world while also being in an extreme amount of debt? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Countries don't keep money in their bank like people do. "Countries" are actually the companies that are in that country, and the economic output is the output of these companies. So companies don't keep money in the bank either, if there's a surplus of money it's much better to invest it in equipment or people to grow... | Economics |
What is the earned income tax credit? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The earned income tax credit is a tax credit for low/medium-low income people. "Earned income" is basically the tax policy way of saying "income from a job" as opposed to investment income or gifts. The EITC gives low income people money back on their taxes, potentially more than they actually paid in taxes. Liberals l... | Economics |
How do game companies make a game engine that requires more power than contemporary computers can make? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Developers will have at least some very high spec machines with the very latest hardware. That might not be properly representative of what will be out when the game is released, but you can estimate that if it's at least playable on that then it will run ok on something more powerful. Plus developers might have access... | Technology |
Why does frost accumulate on cars in the open air, but the cars under a carport don't have any frost? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The car port is giving off heat (heat retained throughout the day) and the car is giving off heat. When night time comes, a car's heat radiates outward in an open environment, so frost can occur. Under a carport, however, the heat given off by the car port and the car bounces back-and-forth between the two, retaining h... | Chemistry |
Why can't we observe black holes? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The way we see things is through electromagnetic radiation. The radiation that anything gives off is roughly proportional to the temperature (raised to the fourth power). Cold things have lower energy and therefore will dissipate quicker. Turns out black holes emit electromagnetic radiation. We find that the "temperatu... | Physics |
Why exactly do we need differential calculus? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It is no exaggeration to say that anything university level that requires mathematics will need calculus. In fact it is probably the basics of what you need. Things only get more complicated from there. Differentiation is basically calculating a rate of change. Turn that around and you get integration, which basically ... | Mathematics |
Is there a science behind food and drink parings? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yep! Just like you can have complimentary colors, you can have complimentary tastes. Often things that are bitter pair well with things that are creamy. Things that are smoky pair well with things that are sweet and earthy. Sweet can also pair well with salt. You can go even deeper and find foods that seem to have very... | Chemistry |
volts, watts and amps... what do they mean? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine poking holes in a dam. If you poke a hole towards the top of the dam, not much water would flow out. If you poke a hole at the bottom of the dam, the water would shoot out much farther because there is more pressure. Volts = Electrical pressure that makes electrons flow, like how the pressure differs based on t... | Physics |
i've been watching old VHSs from my childhoods and I wonder how they work. Specifically, when you rewind it, how does it just play the film backwards? What mechanism exists so you can watch the film forward (with sound), and backward (without sound). | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | VCRs record the video in stripes diagonally across the tape. This is done by placing the heads that read the video on a rotating drum, set at an angle to the tape. The video is stored as an analog signal, so even if there are problems with it, you still get a signal. So when you wind the tape backwards across the heads... | Technology |
Why do CPUs have multiple cores, why not just one super core? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | because one super core is not possible. /u/Pnuttn's analogy is pretty good. There are lots of cases where it would seemingly be better if they could just get one person or *thing* to do *all* of the work, but it's simply not possible. Instead of having a hundreds of trucks delivering goods all over a city, why don't we... | Technology |
How is a professional sports player bought from a different team? Is the multi million dollar value what the player gets, or is it what another team would pay a club to get that player? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Sometimes a player switches teams when their contract with their old team runs out, which means the money reported is money being paid entirely to the player. Sometimes a player and/or a team wants a transfer to happen before their contract is out, and the new team will have to buy out the contract and pay the remainin... | Other |
How are trade agreements like NAFTA and TPP considered bad deals for the U.S. Economy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This is very complicated and not all economists even agree on the basic facts. Moreover it's very difficult to seperate the effect of NAFTA from the effect of other macro-economic things happening at the same time, like automation. That said, economists agree on a few general principles: 1. Lower tariffs in general is ... | Economics |
Is there a specific reason as to why printers use cyan as opposed to just blue? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are three primary color, Red, Green, and Blue. Paints work by absorbing certain colors, and reflecting the rest. If you take away all the Red, you are left with only Green and Blue. Green and Blue make Cyan. The Cyan paint is basically the paint of Not Red, it absorbs all the red light and reflects the rest. Like... | Technology |
why the UK didn't adopt the euro and stick with using the pound sterling? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There was a fair amount of popular opposition to the idea. One of the problems with a supranational bloc like the EU is that different countries often have different ideas about what it should be: while continental Europe has long been used to ever-changing borders and even currencies, Britain has always been insulated... | Economics |
If heat makes molecules expand, why does the clothes dryer make garments shrink? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Garments are made of fibers, which you can think of as long chains of molecules without being too far wrong. The chains are stretchy and springy, as you know, and when they are heated and dried the fibers tend to "scrunch up" (that is the technical term), which makes the strands of the fibers shorter and a bit thicker.... | Physics |
Does colder air make a fire less hot? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yes and no. Absolutely all else being equal, yes. The energy produced by the fire heats the air by a certain amount, not necessarily to a certain temperature. But cold air is denser, so fire being 'fed' colder air actually gets more oxygen by mass, which means it burns faster and creates more energy. I'm not sure exact... | Physics |
My daughter gets a Flintstone vitamin every night, puts it in her mouth, takes it out, and then asks why the color changed. can you help me? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The color spots can cuddle closer together after you get saliva on them. This makes them change color so they look brighter! & #x200B; More detail: The color comes from dye mixed with the vitamin. When it gets wet, the other stuff dissolves and the dye molecules get closer together, which deepens their color. | Biology |
how can other animals instinctively tell they're related but we wouldn't know unless someone told us? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Pheromones. Animals produce chemicals called pheromones, which slowly turn to vapours in the air. Other animals that breathe those vapours in will detect them with their pheromone-detecting cells in a way that works basically the same as smell. Animals recognise the unique pheromones of those they're closely related to... | Biology |
Why Can We "Think" Along to Songs in Different Languages, but We Can't Sing Along to Them Aloud? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's because singing is done by a different part of the brain than speech, it's also why stutterers can often sing just fine. The part that does the singing isn't verbally minded, so it just cares for the sounds it needs to make (as it sees your voice as a musical instrument). | Other |
Why does the Heat Index not take into account windspeed? Similarly, why does Wind Chill Factor not take into account humidity? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your question is tautological. Heat Index doesn't take wind speed into account because it doesn't. It was defined to not do that. In the same way, Wind Chill doesn't take humidity into account because it is a specific human-created measurement which was intentionally defined to only care about Wind Chill. Your understa... | Physics |
Is it possible to remove cancer through surgery or is it only possible to remove tumors but not cancer? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Tumors are clumps of cancerous cells. "Cancer" is generally the ailment of being afflicted by cancerous cells; we can't surgically remove all "cancer" from a patient because manipulating individual cells is well beyond the capabilities of any surgeon. Conceptually they are physical objects which could be manipulated bu... | Biology |
The Byford Dolphin Incident: How do you get sucked into something so strongly by a change of air from 9 atmospheres of pressure to 1? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The best way to think of it is to think of the "weight" of air. 1 atm is how heavy all the air molecules are above you at sea level. It doesn't seem like a lot but it is actually just under 15 lbs. So multiply that by 9 and you get 135 lbs. That's 135lbs of force being applied to every square inch of a person. This is ... | Physics |
In simple math equations like 6÷3+2×7, different orders of operations produce different results, why is one more "right" than another? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine I have four blocks. I add six, and then I take half away. I now have five blocks. Now imagine I have four blocks. I take half away, and then I add six. I now have eight blocks. Same numbers, different order of operations, different results. What this tells us is that the order of operations is arbitrary. It isn... | Mathematics |
Why has Africa remained poor despite it's abundant resources and huge manpower? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This is an extremely complex issue, so my answers will only cover a small portion of it: 1. Infrastructure plays a huge role. Even if African countries have huge amounts of resources, they don't necessarily have the infrastructure in place to leverage those resources. Not having things like rail systems, deep water por... | Economics |
Why was the city of Venice built on a lagoon? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Barbarians. Venice was built out of fear of barbarian attacks from all sides, so they built in the middle of a lake to make it virtually impossible to siege. As the rest of Italy burned down, more and more people began seeking refuge in Venice with the poor farmers and fishermen, eventually turning it into a large, maj... | Other |
How can something be 46 billion light years away from Earth, When the age of universe itself is 13 billion years? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The universe is expanding faster than the speed of light. [This video]( URL_0 ) goes into how the universe can expand faster than the speed of light and personally I find it easy to follow. The basic explanation is that the speed of light limit does not apply to the expansion of the universe. | Physics |
how does the sun give living organisms energy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The sun releases different types of light. Light is just traveling energy. Some organisms, like plants, have chemical machines in their cells that can catch that light energy and store it in the cell. The energy can be transferred to other parts of the cell that carry out the process of living for the plant, or it can ... | Biology |
How high is the chance that the universe contains matter? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We don't know. If all universes start similarly to ours (and just fundamental forces have different values) than the chance is probably very high (if they start with the very same conditions, the chance is probably 100%), but since we can't observe other universes, let alone their beginnings we can't know. | Physics |
Why do we skip a number when two (or more) things are tied for the same rank? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We skip a number because it doesn't matter if there are 2 tied for first or there is a first and a second, the next one is the 3rd best -- because there are 2 ahead in the ranking. It's the number of people/cities, etc. ahead, not the number of unique scores that matter. | Mathematics |
Why is matter referred to as 'information' when related to black holes? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | usually when matter does things in the universe, we know about it because we can see it--either through visible light or other types of radiation a black hole absorbs not only the matter itself, but _all_ of the things that might let us know stuff about that matter so 'information' in the black hole context doesn't ref... | Physics |
How are multinational corporations/organizations run properly and efficiently when each nation may have different laws or economic systems? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The local subsidiaries operate according to the laws of the country they are in. Head office will have experts in the various aspects of their operations worldwide so they can comply with things like export regulations and technology exchange laws. Also they can often organise their finances so they generate the profit... | Economics |
How do missiles locate their target? How do they identify that they got the correct target? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Generally the target is found first by a much fancier system and then the missile goes where its told Missiles can be sent to a specific location via GPS guidance, or they'll use inertial navigation to know how far and what direction they need to go from their launch points Others will track a specific thing like a rad... | Technology |
How were ISP's able to "pocket" the $200 billion grant that was supposed to be dedicated toward fiber cable infrastructure? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It also helps to start in the 1980s with the history of how we got our current ISPs. The TLDR version is: [AT & T had a monopoly]( URL_0 ). They built a lot of their infrastructure via [eminent domain]( URL_1 ) law and taxpayer money, for the "greater good." As a business, using other people's money to grow is a good m... | Technology |
If horse racing tips had any merits, why wouldn't the bookies adjust their odds to match? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Betting on horse races is fairly straight forward. If more people bet on a particular horse because they think it has a good chance to win, odds will adjust. The horses with low odds stay that way because few people will bet on them. The bookies do adjust the odds, in horse racing and pretty much any sporting event. | Other |
Does your body digest foods with less important nutrients quicker than foods with more important nutrients? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Carbohydrates, as the body's primary source of energy, generally pass through the digestive tract more rapidly than either protein or fats. Protein digests faster than fats. Some carbohydrates digest more quickly than others, depending on the type of sugars and starches they contain, while others, such as fiber, don't ... | Biology |
How do scientists know how the earth was formed? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > how do they know that there was a meteor shower long ago that formed the water? This is what we call a testable hypothesis: it's *possible* the water came from meteors, and because Earth continuously loses hydrogen to space at a much greater rate than we lose deuterium we can calculate backwards from the currently ob... | Earth Science |
When a ballpoint pen temporarily stops working; why does it work on a different place on the paper, but keeps not working where it initially stopped working? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | IN general, it means that there is a patch of oil or wax on that part of the paper. It means that the ball in the point of the pen doesn't grip the paper, so it doesn't spin around. The ball spinning is what pulls ink from the barrel of the pen and deposits it on the paper, so if the ball isn't turning the pen won't wo... | Chemistry |
Can someone explain me how does a microphone convert an input of sound energy into electrical energy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | the basic explanation: the microphone has a membrane (diaphragm) that is attached to a magnet, that magnet is surrounded by a coil, sound is nothing but pressure waves and as they hit the "diaphragm" of the microphone it makes the magnet vibrate accordingly and it induces an electrical current in the coil that is very ... | Physics |
When the taste (or scent) of a food “turns your stomach” what is the physical (or psychological) process that’s happening? And could it be connected to food allergies? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Interesting question, reasonable premise! Poking around recent literature, that doesn't seem to be the case. Rather, there doesn't seem to be a non-psychological link between just smelling/tasting food and a stomach reaction. There is such a thing as fragrance contact allergies but those seem to cause skin issues, not ... | Biology |
What exactly causes people to get amputated because of diabetes? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | /u/dimplesgalore has the eli10 the eli5 is more along the lines of diabetes causes blood flow & circulation to not be so good. This means eventually the circulation would eventually stop, and that body part would literally die. That causes a ton of issues mostly relating to infections going rampant. They get amputation... | Biology |
How do touchscreens work? And why do some surfaces work while others do not? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are two basic kinds of touch screens. Resistive and capacitive. Resistive detect pressure and so you can use almost anything to interact with them but they can usually only detect a single touch at a time. Capacitive screens are what is used in almost every smartphone and tablet you've used in the past 10 years a... | Technology |
How do factories like Snapple, create a vacuum seal? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The fluid going into the bottle is very hot. This means that the air bubble under the lid is also very hot. When the fluid and the air cool down, they both shrink. This causes a partial vacuum inside the container. Since the sides of the bottle can't compress, the little button on the lid pops in. | Other |
When driving down a straight road on a sunny day, why does the road up ahead appear more reflective? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Asphalt absorbs sunlight’s energy really, really well. It makes it heat up, and because of this the air directly above it heats up as well. This hot air becomes less dense, which affects how light passes through it - namely, light goes through it faster. And when light changes speed going from cooler air to hotter air,... | Physics |
Why are there no university tuition fees in Scotland for Scottish people or EU citizens but are fees for English people? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Education is a devolved matter in Scotland. That means anything related to education in Scotland is decided by the Scottish Parliament rather than the UK Parliament. The Scottish Parliament decided they wanted to offer free tuition to residents of Scotland. Not charging tuition to students from the rest of the UK would... | Other |
Why are the elements that make up water flammable on their own, but put out fires when combined? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Chemical properties and Electrons. By themselves, Oxygen and Hydrogen are pretty reactive. They combine to form water because chemically it allows them to become more stable. And now that they are stable they are less reactive to things like heat. If you take water and split it into its two atoms again, they become rea... | Chemistry |
If you can't sleep so you lay still for an extended period of time with your eyes closed, does that do anything to restore energy? Or does the fact you're still awake make it a useless gesture? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When you are laying at night with your eyes closed and relaxed, but you feel awake, you may actually be in the first stage of sleep. People who go for sleep studies can report that they didn't sleep all night but when their brain wave activity is analyzed, they were going in and out of light sleep. | Biology |
Why exactly do we need verification that you're not a robot when accessing some sites? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Owners of many sites don't want people to be able to create large numbers of accounts (for example, to send out spam e-mails) or overload the server with requests that ultimately lead to it being unusable for the intended use (for example, you could write a bot that attempts to request a million Google searches per sec... | Other |
why do old people talk so slow? Have we sped up our language pace over the years? Do their brains deteriorate with age making it harder to talk? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There is some cognitive deterioration and delay as we age, which slows down the thought process and delays effective sentance stucturing without a bit more time to think about it. Also most older folks have hearing loss, and it's easier to make sure you're not tripping up on your own words if you talk slow and can hear... | Biology |
Why do you need to tell the card terminal whether the card is debit or credit in the USA? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Many cards can be processed either as debit or credit. While some cards issued by banks may only be used as debit, there are some banks that allow processing as a credit card even though they still function as debit cards on the bank side. Also retailers are charged different fees and have different liability structure... | Economics |
What's the best way to measure intelligence, and how do we compare it to genetics? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | IQ is NOT a controversial subject in the scientific field. It is the most researched and best-understood part of our minds. Because it's a measure that can be reduced to a single number it is a very good subject of research. It involves a lot of very complicated statistics when creating the tests to make them measure t... | Biology |
Where the US get the $2.2T for the CARES Act? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Great info here explaining that there's actually several places where the money is coming from (savings, portfolio shifts into U.S. Treasury debt, and central banks): URL_1 Also, here's an explanation about how Federal Reserve leveraging works to create more money as needed: > How the Fed’s Magic Money Machine Will Tur... | Economics |
If an astronaut was to open his suit in space and all the oxygen was sucked out where would it go? Would it somehow make it to Earth? If you were closer to another planet would it affect the outcome? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Each molecule would move according to the velocity it gained while being expelled from the suit, determined by the pressure behind it and its initial speed. If there was a planet nearby, the planet's gravity would pull on it; whether it could pull it all the way in would depend on that initial velocity and the mass of ... | Chemistry |
Why most of the games show posion as in green colour? Is it true? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | As mentioned before, the colour green is associated with sickness. Many people may also think about Chlorine when they hear "poison" - which was used for its poisonous properties during World War 1, and is a green gas. The substances used as rat poisons ages ago were also green. Modern poisons aren't necessarily green ... | Chemistry |
How does encryption really work? What prevents hackers from just stealing the key and stuff? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Computer encryption works by encoding the information into a meaningless data set(the Hash), which contains the same data, except in a secret code based on an algorithmically generated number. Some encryption schemes are REVERSIBLE, which means you can use the same key, or a related key, to decrypt the hash and get the... | Technology |
How is over-caffeinated coffee made? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > I know you can decaffeinate coffee and extract caffeine from beans by using some chemicals, but how do you put more caffeine inside the beans? One way of extracting caffeine is soaking them in liquid carbon dioxide into which the caffeine will dissolve while leaving many of the chemicals which make up the taste of th... | Chemistry |
Where does the sun’s fuel come from? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | WHen the universe was formed, the most abundant element was hydrogen. It's the simplest element: just a single proton with a single electron. Gradually, over time, gravity caused clumps of hydrogen to gather together into balls, and as the balls formed, the gravity drew the balls of hydrogen closer together until they ... | Physics |
How does the concept of franchising work and why do so many companies do it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | 1. Reality shows are 100% staged. 2. CEOs have varying levels of authority within their companies. Not all CEOs have the authority to terminate an employee. 3. Franchise businesses are independently owned by the franchisee. A franchise owner agrees to the parent company's rules, and pays for the right to use the tradem... | Economics |
how do societies, investors or creditors make sure commercial banks really have in their possession the amounts of deposits they claim to have on a certain day? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They don't. Most banks don't hold anywhere near the total amount of their deposits on hand; this is called "fractional reserve banking" and it's how they can lend out money. Societies/investors/creditors don't care if a commercial bank has enough in their possession to cover \*all\* deposits, they care that they can wi... | Economics |
What is music theory and how does it work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Ooh, one of these I can actually answer! Music theory is basically looking at all the different elements that make up music - including obvious ones such as melody, harmony, rhythm etc., and less obvious ones such as timbre (the particular "quality" of sound that a specific instrument produces) - and the relationships ... | Other |
Why do certain foods taste bad when they are actually beneficial for us? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | What is 'good' or 'bad' for us is often not determined by what it is but rather by how much. From an evolutionary perspective, we crave sugar and fats because this was the most difficult (and thus rare) thing to have, and at the same time, its the thing that contains most energy. Our bodies still 'believe' that this is... | Chemistry |
What is CMOS technology and how does it work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | CMOS is more of a layout than a technology, we use it to make low power logic gates In something like an inverter you just need to flip the signal so if a 1 goes in a 0 comes out and vice versa. You can do this really simply with a transistor and a resistor but whenever the transistor is on you'll burn off lots of powe... | Technology |
How do sailboats travel at 2X+ wind speed? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They can only do that when they're pointed "off" the wind. They can't go directly downwind (in the direction of the wind) at more than 1x wind speed. But if you're going at an angle to the wind, the keel is acting like an underwater wing to "translate" sideways force on the boat into forward thrust. It's roughly like p... | Physics |
Why are radio stations identified by their exact frequency, such as 103.1Mhz, whereas TV stations were traditionally identified by a generalized channel number, such as 7? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Radio signals are a single frequency. TV signals contain(ed) multiple frequencies (for the video, RGB colors, and separately for the audio), so they made a dial with "channels" instead of having multiple frequency dials and forcing people to "tune" the image and then "tune" the audio separately. That way you tune into ... | Technology |
Why does the boiling point of water decrease with altitude but the freezing point does not? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There is less air pressure at higher elevations. It is easier for water to enter the gas phase when there is less water vapor and other gases around. Water's melting point *does* change at different pressures as well. You can see it here on this [phase diagram]( URL_0 ) which shows what phase water is in at various tem... | Physics |
How do flight suits or g suits work and what do they do for military jet pilots? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | One of the effects of high Gs is that your blood pools in your legs - it's pushed to the outside of the curve along with the rest of your body. This causes blackouts as your brain is deprived of oxygen. G suits have inflatable sections in the thighs that squeeze the legs tight and prevent the blood from pooling there, ... | Technology |
What is the difference between NVMe, M.2, SATA 3 and PCI-Express? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | PCI Express is a way of connecting various different devices to a computer. It is usually used for devices inside the computer, and USB is usually used for devices outside the computer. SATA is a way to connect storage devices to a computer. It is usually used for internal storage devices, though it can also be used fo... | Technology |
what does it mean for a liquid to be acidic? What is it that causes it to be so dangerous? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It means that this liquid contains something which is prone to giving away protons (hydrogen atoms without electrons). This is not necessarily dangerous. DNA is an acid. Your stomach is full of acid. All sorts of foods are acids. Acids are only dangerous in some situations. They're prone to donating their protons to a ... | Chemistry |
How can carshows like roadkill build vehicles with literally no exhausts while at the same time brands like Volkswagen are being sued over air pollution because of their cars? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Volkswagen isn't being sued over the pollution that the cars are putting out, they're being sued because they altered their emissions standards testing to report that the vehicles they produce are more efficient and create fewer carbon emissions. It's a case of false advertising and a "defective" product. Vintage cars,... | Technology |
Why are Arabs not black? Since arabia is the most sun-intensive area of earth it would make sense to have dark skin for protection. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You need to understand how the [human skin color]( URL_0 ) evolved. Second You need to understand where did [Arabs]( URL_1 ) come from. But here's the short answer you can deduce from both articles: An estimated time of about 10,000 to 20,000 years is enough for human populations to achieve optimal skin pigmentation in... | Biology |
How did people in the past begin to accurately measure the height of mountains, such as everest? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | One way is by making a cup of tea. Water boils at 100°C only at sea level. The temperature at which water boils varies based on air pressure. For every 1000 metres, the boiling point drops by about 5 degrees. Thus, with a kettle and a thermometer you can estimate altitude. | Mathematics |
How does the computer physically store information in the memory (RAM)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | RAM typically uses capacitors and transistors to hold onto an electrical charge. A "high" electrical charge (above half a volt) is a 1 and a "low" charge is a 0. It's much faster than reading and writing to a hard drive, but is volatile (only works while the computer is powered). | Technology |
Why every number to the power of 0 is equal to 1? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | x^n / x^m = x^(n-m) , right? That means that, for example, 2^2 / 2^2 = 2^(2-2) = 2^0 Since 2^2 / 2^2 = 4 / 4 = 1 Then 2^0 = 1 Another way to look at it is to go backwards. 2^4 = 16 2^3 = 8, or 16 / 2 2^2 = 4, or 8 / 2 2^1 = 2, or 4 / 2 2^0 = 1, or 2 / 2 Does that help? | Mathematics |
Why do packages use TWO arrows to show correct orientation instead of just one? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The human eye is really great at noticing patterns. Your eyes are much more likely to notice a pair of things than a thing by itself, especially in your peripheral. Another benefit of having arrows all over the box is if it’s in the back of a truck, partially covered by boxes in front of it; at least you’d still see on... | Other |
Why is Pi irrational? What is it about the properties of a circle that causes its circumference to never be a precise ratio of its diameter? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Here's another way to look at it. Rational numbers are ones that end with an infinite series of zeros (2.4000000...), or an infinite series of repetitions (0.1428571428571428571̅4̅2̅8̅5̅7̅.....). Now, what is the chance that any value, chosen at random, would end in an infinite pattern? Effectively zero. So you would e... | Mathematics |
Why does fruit start to rot on room temperature, but can stay good for weeks in the fridge? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Cold temperatures cause the growth of bacteria to slow down, almost to a halt in most cases. Those bacteria are then cooked away, or are only present in small enough amounts that they aren't harmful. When kept out of the fridge, the bacteria grows unheeded, and can cause rotting or cause someone to be sick if they eat ... | Biology |
when sleet falls, it travels an incredible distance. Why doesn’t it hurt more? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There is a maximum speed water (or any other object) will fall at - called it's terminal velocity. This is a product of that objects shape and air resistance - as an object falls, gravity pulls it down toward the ground, but as it falls it has to push all of the air out of the way. The terminal velocity is the speed wh... | Other |
How are ISPs able to handle internet traffic coming from so many different places at once? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Think of the photos you've seen of old manually operated telephone switchboards. Now take that, expand the size and connections by several orders of magnitude, and shrink it all down onto specialized silicon chips, dozens or hundreds of which are packed into each physical switch and router. Then, these specialized swit... | Technology |
During sunset, the sky acts like a prism, changing color from blue to red before going dark. But it skips one color of the spectrum -- green -- why? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A clear cloudless day-time sky is blue because molecules in the air scatter blue light from the sun more than they scatter red light. So we get blue light from all sorts of angles, which overpowers the red light that manages to get through to us. When we look towards the sun at sunset, we see red and orange colours bec... | Physics |
What causes a volcano to erupt? How does it shoot ash so far into the sky? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Magma is generated in the upper mantle by several different processes. It is buoyant relative to the lower crust so rises up until it reaches neutral buoyancy somewhere between ~3-15km depth typically. As it sits there cooling some minerals start crystallising out. This results in the remaining melt evolving. This tend... | Physics |
Could a state seperate from the rest of the United States? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yes and no. There is no "I want to leave" button that a state can push. However the only way to make a state stay when they don't want to is through force. Assuming the federal government does not want another civil war, they would have to simply let a state leave. That's pretty unlikely, most likely it would result in... | Other |
airplane propelled by ion thruster, how the heck does that work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > No moving parts involved, no fuel, no propeller, no engine. > It is fueled by ions pulled from nitrogen in air . Your mistaken there. Ion engine's naturally use fuel. Namely electricity. And xenon gas in space usually. Basically, you accelerate ions down a magnetic tube spending electricity, that makes them go very v... | Technology |
are our eyes naturally open or closed? Sometimes I feel like I am actively trying to keep them open and sometimes I'm trying to keep them closed. So is there a natural state they'd like to be in? Please explain? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I'm not ENTIRELY sure here, but from experience studying embalming and having seen a few corpses, I would say about halfway open and closed is natural. when you die, you lose all muscle control, and most of the time that leaves a person's eyelids halfway closed. during embalming, there are special caps used to keep the... | Biology |
Is there someone profiting off of my student loan payments? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When someone puts up the money to lend to you in the form of a student loan, they expect a return on their investment. People will not take on risk in the form of lending capital without a promised return on investment. It’s not capitalism it’s common sense. In reality there system is much more complex through banks ta... | Economics |
Why does ice melt quickly when you pour hot coffee on top of it in a cup, but doesn't melt as fast when you place ice in a hot cup of coffee? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This is essentially the difference between forced convection and natural convection . Pouring coffee over the ice is forced convection, which heats the ice faster and melts it faster because hot coffee is constantly in contact with the ice as it flows over it. When you put ice in the coffee, this is natural convection,... | Physics |
Why are Republicans having so much trouble passing this spending bill when they control both the Senate and the House? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | To pass the spending bill in the Senate they need 60 votes per the rules in place since 1806. They have 51 (currently) assuming all Republicans vote for it which is making a big assumption. So at best they need 9 Democrats to vote for a bill that the Democrats have VERY PUBLICLY said they are against. What makes the si... | Other |
what do C level execs do Day to Day? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | “Make big decisions” there you go. C-level executives accept a significantly larger responsibility for the productivity and outcomes of the company. They are the ones who get in trouble when there is a scandal, they go to jail if something was illegal, and they make decisions that direct the company. They are both the ... | Other |
Why we get lot of sticky spit in our mouth when we are crying and lot of snot in nose? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There is actually a duct running from your eyes into your nasal cavity (nasolacrimal duct), and liquid can run down the back of your nasal cavity into your throat. Apparently, this means medicine applied into your eyes (like eye drops) can end up running into your mouth. Also, excess mucus can run up these ducts out of... | Biology |
Why do newer apps take more resources even when doing more or less the same thing as before? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | To cut down time in developing apps, a developer rarely makes anything completely from scratch. Instead they use a pre-existing library of tools that's readily available, and makes developing a lot faster, and a lot less complex. As systems evolve, more and more tools become available, and these tools might take up mor... | Technology |
Why was the best plan of battle on D-day to send thousands of men to almost certain death? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Ships DID bombard the shore; for many hours that morning leading up to the landing. A truly thorough job couldn't be done over the course of many days because the idea was to catch the defenders by surprise, so that all their reinforcements were out of position. For this reason, the allies spent about a week bombarding... | Other |
Why do asphalt roads get lighter in colour as it ages? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Asphalt (bitumen) is actually the black gooey substance within asphalt concrete roads. The other component in asphalt concrete is aggregate which consists of small smashed up rocks. When first paved, the asphalt concrete retains its black color from the asphalt. However, asphalt is softer than rock so it wears off the ... | Chemistry |
How does a Venus Fly Trap “eat” an insect? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are small hair like things in the 'mouth' of the plant. When a fly lands in the 'mouth' and moves one of the hair like things it triggers the mouth to close. Liquid of some sort is then excreted in the mouth of the plant and that liquid dissolves the trapped insect and the resulting juice is absorbed by the plant... | Biology |
How Is Lossless Compression So Good? (Detailed) | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > Say you wanted to compress a set of 8 bits to 7 bits. 8 bits can represent 256 DIFFERENT values, while 7 bits can only represent 128 values. So that means that half of the files are IMPOSSIBLE to compress, even with 1GB files. You are absolutely correct, and this is the basic proof that not all files can be compresse... | Technology |
Why are cable and internet company options in the US so limited? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In short: monopolies. Major telecom companies took advantage of the fact that internet/cable access had not had specific legislation made concerning them (or that they had not been classified in a manner that existing legislation applied to them). This allowed said companies to section off service areas into controlled... | Economics |
How and/or why do derivatives and integrals work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Calculus is the mathematics of change, and thus integrals and derivatives measure and formalize change. A simplified explanation of derivatives can be constructed as such: Imagine you have a line with slope 3. Obviously, if you move 1 unit on that line, your should move 3 units up/down. However, imagine you don't have ... | Mathematics |
Why does root beer foam up so much more than other soft drinks? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | From personal experience with root beer brewing at home: They don't always. Root beer is fundamentally similar to other soft drinks when store bought in terms of the base (carbonated water), the flavor (emulsified oils) and the sweetener (unfortunately usually high fructose corn syrup). However, many brands add somethi... | Chemistry |
How do we know animals feel emotions? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | From a philosophical perspective, people have made arguments throughout history that you can't determine that even other people have emotions. It's important not to fall into that trap with animals. With other animals, and at *least* other mammals, let's look at what we *can* observe: They have physiological reactions ... | Biology |
If it takes 6-8 hours for food to pass through your digestive tract, then how do some foods "go right through" and come out right away? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | For the most part it doesn't; people just think it does. If you really want to test it you can put some food dye in your food as a marker and watch for when it comes out. Or just eat a big bowl of fruit loops. But if something is irritating your GI tract it can speed up motility, e.g. IBS. \*tract, not track | Biology |
What are the differences between guitar pickups for electric guitars and acoustic guitars, including those which mean acoustic pickups need a battery as well as the amplifier? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There's 2 types of pickups that I know of. The first one is the most common and uses an electromagnetic field to transpose string vibration to an electric signal that can be amplified. When the strings vibrates, it changes the electromagnetic field around the pickup. These changes depends on the size of the string and ... | Technology |
Does near-sightedness give you super sight? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Basically, you have your own macro lens. You can get much closer to an object, and thus project a larger image onto your retina, while still keeping focus. I have moderate myopia (+5.5 correction required) and it is a noticeable effect. I hesitate to call it a superpower, but it's a neat trick. I can only focus to abou... | Biology |
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