question stringlengths 0 2.44k | prompt listlengths 1 1 | ground_truth stringlengths 0 8.31k | category stringclasses 12
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Why do people change voice tone when they speak different languages? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Pitch, inflection, cadence, and emphasis are the basis of tone in this instance, and are also really big indicators of meaning. & #x200B; Consider the following sentence. Caps word having the emphasis attached. (Pretty well known example.) SHE said she did not take his money. (Would mean it was not someone else making ... | Other |
What is the "revolving door" in politics? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When you work in government agencies, you build up contacts within those agencies. Then, when you leave, you get hired - for fairly substantial salaries - to lobby your former colleagues on behalf of people who have business with that agency. The questionable part about this arises because you *know* that's your career... | Other |
Why are degrees measured in the way they are, ie: 90 is a right angle and 360 is a revolution, as opposed to a more simple/rounded number like 500 or 1000? Is there a reason behind it or is it arbitrary? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It comes from the ancient Babylonian number system. Their number system was based on the number 60 which is a very practical number if you want to split things evenly. They divided the circle into 6 equal sections and then these sections were further divided into 60 degrees. We further divide degrees into 60 arcminutes... | Mathematics |
Do wet objects stay wet in a vacuum? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It depends on whether the system is closed or not. If it's a closed system (e.g. a closed box) then the moment the wet object is placed inside, it will no longer be a perfect vacuum and the wetting liquid will continue to evaporate until the equilibrium vapour pressure is reached. In that case, it's perfectly possible ... | Physics |
How do knife/tomahawk throwers know that the head of the axe/knife is going to hit their target? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I took an axe throwing class last summer. A well thrown axe always revolves a certain number of times when thrown a specific distance with a specific amount of force. By practicing different types of throws from these specific distances, an experienced thrower can make every throw land. Different distances require diff... | Physics |
Math questions often ask “what is the chance of x and y happening, with each being independent events” What about when they’re not independent? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Then they are dependent (go figure) and each event influences the other. For example, imagine you draw a card from a deck and reveal it's a King of Spades. Since there are 52 cards in a deck, you could surmise there was a 1/52 chance of drawing that card. Two dependent events would be calculating the chance you receive... | Mathematics |
How do you increase water pressure? (A brief explanation of the physics would be appreciated) | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I'm not sure exactly what you're asking but the pressure is just how much force is being exherted. Of course, pressure is also determined by the size of the container of water, but if we think of a straight pipe that doesn't narrow, we can simplify it to just thinking about how much force there is. So think of a simila... | Physics |
Why your printer needs magenta just to print in black and white? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because the people who made printers want you to buy a new printer cartridge. They make close to nothing on the printers, they make money on the inks. They've configured the computer programming parts of the printer to say you are out of ink, so you go out and buy more ink. | Technology |
How do medications create side effects such as dry mouth? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | What causes skeletal muscle to contract is when a little neurotransmitter (a chemical messenger from your brain) called Acetylcholine binds to its specific receptor on skeletal muscle. However, acetylcholine is used for more than muscle contraction, it is also used for the parasympathetic nervous system as stated below... | Biology |
When they say "the math hasn't been created yet" how does one go about creating math? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | First, you define your assumptions, for example "any two points can have a line segment drawn between them" and "parallel lines never cross" Then you go on to use these assumptions to calculate how to calculate stuff, for example the relationship between the sides of a triangle. Preferably in a way that only uses your ... | Mathematics |
what was with the weird static noise speakers made when someone called on an old phone? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | That's a side effect of some of the older cellular technologies; the towers communicated with the phones (for some protocols) on a frequency and modulation that was really good at coupling with the amplifier circuits in headphones and speakers. Basically, the speaker/headphone was becoming an unintentional antenna and ... | Technology |
How do we know that the entire universe is expanding by just looking at the observable universe? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It is primarily due to something called the Doppler effect. Basically, the wavelength of waves (be they light or sound) decreases as an object moves towards the observer, and increases as they move away from the observer. So, an object that is moving closer to you will slowly start to sound higher pitch, and an object ... | Physics |
Many animals have set mating seasons. Why do humans mate and reproduce at any time? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Most mammals have a heat cycle where humans have the ability to get pregnant any month of the year (only for a few days each month) It has to do with how often they ovulate. And how stressful their environment is. Many animals go into a mating season and over winter while pregnant (bears, deer, etc) and give birth in t... | Biology |
When you stub your toe, why does it take a bit before the pain kicks in? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The body has several different types of pain receptors and they are generally divided into two categories: fast and slow. Fast pain is transmitted via myelinated A delta fibers and is described as sharp, localized pain. The pain travels at 6 to 30 meters per second. Think of a burn or a cut and how quickly one is able ... | Biology |
When the USA aquired Alaska from Russia, why was the border between Alaska and Canada effectively a straight north-south line until the very southern portion and then it suddenly juts eastward? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Alaska was never densely settled, and in the 19th century settlement was limited almost entirely to the coast. The inland part of Alaska was practically devoid of people on both sides of the border. Without a natural feature to follow, and with no people to complain, drawing a straight line is the easiest way to draw a... | Other |
How are different marijuana strains made? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Marijuana is a flowering plant. To make seeds you need to take pollen from a male plant and put it in a female plant which you allow to grow to seed. Those seeds have a mixture of the DNA from both parents. Like other flowering plants, you can mix and match how you move the pollen to get a wide variety of hybrids. | Biology |
What causes the internal sound of humming when in a quiet place? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If it's really quiet, you might be hearing your own blood circulate. It's an interesting feeling. If you've ever been in one of those submersion tanks or a sound-proof room, you notice it big time. It's similar to when people say you can hear the ocean in a sea shell. You're just hearing your own circulation. More like... | Other |
What are all the different types of noises that an MRI makes when you’re getting a scan? And why is it different noises every few minutes? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | An MRI machine collects data by delivering electromagnetic energy into the body to ‘flip’ the spins of nuclei in the body. When the nuclei flip back, they emit electromagnetic signals of the same frequency that are then detected by the system. The machine is set to have as homogeneous a magnetic field as possible at th... | Technology |
How and why is mental illness hereditary? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Not all forms of mental illness are hereditary. For example some forms of schizophrenia are related to the COMT gene. However, there are 20+ other genes with different connections. It may turn out that schizophrenia is like "cancer", a bad generalization based on common symptoms for many different diseases. However, tr... | Biology |
How does a RBMK reactor explode? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Reactors use really hot water that’s maintained at a constant pressure as a coolant. The pressure prevents the water from boiling at its normal temperature. If there is change in this balance and the water turns to steam in the “primary coolant loop” the water becomes ineffective as a coolant. The reactor gets hotter a... | Chemistry |
Why benzodiazepines can cause terrible physical withdrawal syndrome which can last many month while alcohol physical withdrawal usually is a matter of days/weeks max? Both drugs acts on same receptors (GABA). | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's because a drugs half life strongly correlates to how long the withdrawal symptoms will last. Let's use an opiate example heroin has a half life of I believe ~6 hours, with withdrawals lasting around 7 days for the acute. Methsdone has a half life of like 24-48 hours and it's withdrawals will take months. Now let's... | Biology |
Why do phones have a time limit to how long they can stay underwater for? What happens to the phone after the time limit? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Phones that are water resistant are designed to have as small cracks between components as they can make. But there is still some small cracks where water can seep through. But as they are small this takes time. How fast the water enters the phone depends on the water pressure or if in air the humidity. The deeper you ... | Technology |
How do drivers get money during insurance fraud? Why do you get money for someone crashing into you? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The accident itself is just part of the insurance fraud. After the accident the parties will put forth their claim for damages. If they are able to claim more damages then were actually done then they will get more money then they spend. Either by artificially inflating the value of the damaged property or by claiming ... | Other |
DMP, MMP, RUP voting systems for proportional representation voting?? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | DMP is Dual member proportional voting. Basically every district in a DMP system would have two representatives. You would vote for one of them directly and the second seat will be proportioned to most accurately reflect voter alignment. Basically if you have 3 parties and one of them wins every election with 51% of th... | Other |
Why are alpha and beta particles forms of ionising radiation if they are technically just helium ions and electrons respectively? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Any charged particle* can ionize, because it can knock electrons or whole atoms/molecules loose from their bond. Alpha and beta are special because they are ~~small and~~ fast enough (as /u/BeautyAndGlamour says, because of their decay origins) to penetrate through barriers. \* Photons can also ionize because they inte... | Physics |
How does chrome take 4 gb of ram? That is like 5 full movies. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Since the introduction of Javascript websites are not just content shown to you. Websites are full on programs - some of them very complex with thousands and thousands of lines of code that is run by your browser. Look at Facebook - the website is an instant messenger program, a media player, an image viewer, a tracker... | Technology |
In cartoons, certain clothing patterns such as checkered or plaid, it seems like it's a static pattern that the characters move around on. Why is this, and how is it done? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | On a technical level, their shirt is actually transparent, and there is a layer with the picture of the pattern behind the layer the character is drawn on. The character and their shirt moves, but the background layer does not, resulting in what you've described. The reason for doing this is that its a cheaper/faster/e... | Other |
How do ears/inner-ears/brains/? know how far away the sound is (is it close by or far away)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The brain calculates the differences between what the left and right ear hear to determine the properties of the sound. The time difference between the arrival of the sound among the ears is used mainly to determine the sound's direction. It then calculates the energy level absorbed (which means how strong the vibratio... | Biology |
If Microsoft has the most info on Malware/Viruses/Spyware - why is Windows Defender not the best at its job? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | For starters, who says Microsoft has "the most info on malware/viruses/spyware"? Though Microsoft is able to collect more information on its products' usage than any other organization, that doesn't mean it is granted some secret knowledge about virus development that other companies don't have. All antivirus companies... | Technology |
Why is it so necessary for the scientific community to have the climate change deniers agree that human intervention is the main cause behind the rapid climate change over the last couple of centuries? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Since the deniers are backed by some powerful and wealthy institutions, many of them corporate entities actually responsible for the release of greenhouse gases, getting them to admit that their activities contribute to the problem would significantly change the dynamic of the discussion and might even lead to real act... | Other |
What is the difference between http and https? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The S in httpS stands for "secure". What this means is basically two things - encryption and authentication. Encryption simply means that the data send between your computer and the server is encrypted. Anyone intercepting this communication should be unable to decrypt it. Authentication means that the server sends a d... | Technology |
How can France implement a new president in a matter of days when transition in the U.S. takes months? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | For one thing, the two jobs aren't exactly comparable: France has a semi-presidential system, with a President and a Prime Minister. The Prime Minister is the one that does most of the day-to-day stuff and is responsible for recommending cabinet ministers to the President. In the US, both of those jobs are combined int... | Other |
Why are there no mammals with more than 4 limbs? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because all mammals (and all reptiles, ambiphians, and birds) are all descendant from prehistoric tetrapods. The basic model of the tetrapod is having four limbs (tetra - four; pod - foot). While some have adapted these limbs into wings (birds, bats) and some have lost the limbs altogether (snakes), none have gained an... | Biology |
Why are guilty plea's of value to the state? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They don't have to undergo the cost (the state pays the judge, prosecutor, court staff, and jury, small stipend but also the cost of the time of the state's citizens) of a trial and gets a desired result (the person the state believes commit a crime accepts their guilt and faces some punishment). The generosity of a pl... | Other |
Why is it so difficult to make "perfect" software? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Software developer here, > but why aren't then virtually bug free by now? We haven't been working on the same programs this whole time. Every time you change an existing code base, you no longer have the same program. Business people assume software is more malleable than it is, and they are loathe to throw away IP. So... | Technology |
Why is everyone blaming the "boomers" for today's economy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | To add to what others had said, they created a tax policy that incentivized outsourcing jobs and paying workers as little as possible while shifting as much of the money and profits as possible to the already-wealthy investors. They decreased the funding for government research & development that helped the US be a tec... | Economics |
when ordering through a food delivery service with a discount, who takes the loss? The restaurant or the delivery service? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Either or. It depends on who is offering the discount. If McDonald's is offering a free order of Mcnuggets if you spend more than 20 bucks, then that's McDonald's cost to eat. If Uber Eats has a 30% off all orders if you spend more than $50, then no matter who you order from, uber will pay for that discount. | Economics |
Why can't we use railgun technology to launch satellites into orbit? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Low Earth orbit requires a speed of 7800m/s So lets say you have a humongous rail gun that’s 400 meters long. The lazy math says that to exit at 7800m/s, the satellite will be spending something around 0.06 seconds accelerating. That gives you an average acceleration of 130,000m/s^2 That’s 13,250 times earth’s gravity,... | Technology |
- How exactly does water put out a fire? Is it a smothering thing, or a chemical reaction? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The smothering helps, but mostly it's just cooling down the burning material. Heating up the water cools the fuel down a lot, but when water evaporates it pulls a lot more heat out of the fuel. Edit: Reworded some things. Glad to know my chemical engineering degree's still useful to people even after moving out of the ... | Chemistry |
Why are community colleges able to provide classes for such a low cost while university tuition is sky-high? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I think it has to do with the efficency between community colleges and state universities. Since community colleges don't provide some of the luxuries that a university offers such as research, luxury spas, study abroad programs, these institutions can focus more on instructing students at competitive rates. In additio... | Economics |
Why do humans like music? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We don't really know why! This gets into the question of how we evolved to make music and what purpose (if any) it serves in terms of our evolutionary history. There's a lot of debate over this, and no clear right answer. All humans everywhere in the world make music (and dance!), so it's likely that it's been with us ... | Other |
If you throw a wad of wet, scrunched up toilet paper at a wall, it sticks even after the water has evaporated out of it. How come? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Paper is basically wood pulp (often with other additives), held together by glue. In toilet paper specifically, the glue is very soluble in water. This is so when you flush it, the glue melts, and the paper dissolves. If you throw wet toilet paper at the wall, the glue is partially dissolved, and will stick to the wall... | Chemistry |
What is color sampling? when someone throws ratios like 4:4:4 or 4:2:2 what do those corresponding numbers mean. How does this relate to the design of a CMOS sensor? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | 4:4:4 means that every pixel has an independently defined brightness and colour. 4:2:2 means that every pixel has its own brightness, but adjoining pairs of pixels share the same colour. Similarly there's 4:1:1 where rows of four pixels share a colour and 4:2:0 where two-by-two blocks of pixels share a colour. These sc... | Technology |
How many earth-like planets can aliens see in our solar system using our technology? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | On one hand, they would probably have trouble seeing Earth, since we have several gas giants on the outer edge of our solar system; most Human technologies for detecting planets has to do with gravity's effects, and having large gas giants can obscure the smaller gravity wells of the inner planets. But, if we were a hu... | Technology |
Is blocking a punch effective if the arm used to block is in contact with my body? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your arms have much more muscle protecting your bones and do not house vital organs. Blocking a punch with your arms will distribute the force initially before it reaches your head. Knuckle-to-skull might as well be bone-to-bone. You may notice from boxing/UFC bouts that cuts do not occur to a fighters arms, but can ea... | Physics |
Are animals able to distinguish their own siblings if they grew up together, got separated (i.e. zoo or adoption), and if they're reunited in adulthood? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | My dog lived for her first 6 months with her sister who she was identical to. They were very fond of each other. We had other dogs and plenty of mirrors but when we adopted her she would sometimes catch sight of herself in the mirror and immediately drop her ears and start wagging her tail the way she does when she gre... | Biology |
Why can humans sometimes hold and control a large quantity of urine(say 600ml) without peeing, and sometimes can't control their peeing even if it's a small quantity like 100ml?(Same person) | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Part of it is likely training. If you get into a routine that includes peeing at a certain time, you will experience the need to pee when this trigger occurs. This will happen even if you have relatively little urine to expel. It can also be due to mental engagement - if you're hyper-focused on something, then you don'... | Biology |
Why do treads on a tire increase traction? Without treads, isn't the same around of pressure applied by the vehicle to the road? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Treads help water under the tire move to the side and prevents the water acting as a lubricant, reducing traction and causing hydroplaning (car sliding). So in wet conditions the traction is vastly improved with treads, however in dry conditions the traction will be slightly less due to a reduced contact area between t... | Physics |
When someone says the universe is 13.5 billion years old, what exactly does that mean? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Time is being defined as "what we're experiencing here on Earth right now." Hence the use of the word "years", which is an Earth-orbit related unit. Basically, if they wanted to specify a different frame of reference for the universe age, they would have specifically mentioned it. If you're wondering HOW they arrived a... | Physics |
Why do some cheeses melt well like gruyere, some melt and split into oil like cheddar, and some don't melt at all like halloumi? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Ahoy, matey! Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [Do different kinds of cheeses have different melting and boiling points? ]( URL_4 ) ^(_1 comment_) 1. [ELI5: Why do some types of cheese melt when heat is applied? ]( URL_1 ) ^(_9 comments_) 1. [ELI5: Why do different types of cheese melt diff... | Chemistry |
Why and how do towels absorb liquids? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Water likes to stick to things - that's why when you take a shower, you get wet instead of all the water rolling off your skin and leaving you dry. Theres a few reasons for it chemistry-wise, but just know that water molecules like to attach themselves to certain materials. Some things are more enticing to water molecu... | Chemistry |
Why do sailboats sail against the wind rather than with it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > Why do sailboats sail against the wind rather than with it? They don't, a sailboat cannot sail directly into the wind. To go upwind they need to sort of zig zag in a pattern to end upwind. But to your point a sailboat actually is not fastest when traveling in the direction the wind is blowing. If you think about it t... | Physics |
How is money/profits made on a retail side of things? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Samsung creates TV. It costs them $100 to produce in their factory. They produce 1000 of them and sell them for $150 to Best Buy. Best buy puts price tag at $200 and sells them to you. Samsung only gets the money when they sell it themselves the first time - when Best Buy etc sell them to you, best buy gets it all. | Economics |
Why are whistleblowers typically made out to be horrible people when the issue they’re bringing to attention is typically the thing that should be frowned upon? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In times of trouble, people very easily revert to simple tribal mindsets, and whistleblowers are perceived as having betrayed their tribe to whatever bigger, other group oversees them. It's why kids hate tattletales - even if you're right to tell on them, you're siding with an outside group over your peers, and that ma... | Other |
How can your digestive tract differentiate solid food and liquid to make urine and feces? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Basically it doesn't at all. Your kidneys filter your blood waste-- > urine and your stomache,intestines, and colon filter your food/drink waste-- > feces. Urine is a liquid because water is a VERY good carrier of the stuff your body wants to be rid of. Feces is everything you ate/drank that your body didn't want/cant ... | Biology |
Why does water affect electronics in a negative way? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Electronic devices have energy stored in a battery that's restricted in where it can go by the location of wires. When you add water, electric current can take other paths. Some paths go through components that were designed to be protected from direct battery current by resistors. When those protections are bypassed, ... | Chemistry |
What goes into rendering a font? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When rendering text, it first needs to be split into chunks based on left-to-right and right-to-left languages. This is to make sure that you can mix both kinds in a single paragraph, without some words appearing to be backwards. One library which can take care of this is FriBiDi. Next, the application needs to process... | Technology |
What is a Super Tuesday? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Super Tuesday is a Tuesday on which a number of states hold primary elections in the United States. Many large states hold primaries on this day, and these are generally the first primaries after the 4 early primary/caucus states. It's an important day for presidential primary campaigns, because a lot of delegates are ... | Other |
How can one tell if an online information source is accurate? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It depends on the type of information you're looking for. URL_0 offers everything science related. If you're looking for world news your best bet is looking at several news outlets to even out their own bias (and preferably stay away from newsfeeds that will try to give you just what you think anyways) | Technology |
What legal loophole is keeping MLM’s alive after years of pyramid scheme accusations and borderline illegal business practices? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There is an actual product/service that is being sold. That is what differentiates an MLM from a pyramid scheme. In a pyramid scheme, the only money that moves into the scheme comes from recruiting new people which is not sustainble. In an MLM, money also comes into the scheme via the product/service that gets sold (th... | Economics |
Why does the vapour released by petrol distort vision of things behind it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The petrol vapour is denser than air and has a different refractive index. That means it will bend any light that passes through it. It's the same when light travels between air at different temperatures, or when light travels between things like air, glass and water. In the case of petrol vapour, it's constantly movin... | Chemistry |
How come nuclear radiation from the countless nuclear weapons tests in the past hasn't (for the most part) caused widespread damage? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yeah for the most part Radiation only travels so far before it becomes negligible. For the most part nuclear test sites are in the middle of no where. Russia tested in the middle of siberia which is thousands of miles from civilization. The U.S tested in the Nevada desert fairly far from any civilization. After a while... | Chemistry |
How can nuclear fussion and nuclear fission both produce energy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If you imagine the amount of energy that fusing an atom into "the next" atom gives off, you'll find a lot for the light elements, with reducing payoff as you get heavier, until you hit iron. Once you hit iron, it goes negative. Fusion stops giving off energy but instead requires energy. It is for this reason that all a... | Physics |
Why do antibodies not get passed down genetically? Surely that would make things a lot easier for humans' immune systems? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your DNA is like a recipe to create a brand new human, and instructions to make that new biological machine work. Just like any other machine, it is created empty : no fuel, no output products, just the machine. Antibodies are outputs of the human machine when it encounters parasites. They are created following the (DN... | Biology |
Why does the US vote seems like a mess and badly organized for a European - why don‘t you just count votes? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well the first answer is that the US isn't like any single European country. Instead it is more like the entire EU. And that is why our elections seem so disorganized. Because 50 states are holding elections all at the same time and they all have different rules on how the elections work. Next, outside the system it se... | Other |
How does Spotify know which types of music I might like? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Simple answer, it tracks what music you listen to and is able to extrapolate what you like from the list of things you play. Longer answer, this is a study called semantic audio. It's all about taking objective measurements of a signal to create identifiers, then connecting it to other measurements like how often you l... | Technology |
Why do objects that move very fast look blurry? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's a side-effect of [persistence of vision]( URL_0 ). I don't know the scientific details behind it, but it's just a property of how our visual system works....it takes our system a (very) short amount of time to stop seeing something, so when something moves fast it causes us to see a blurred version of that object ... | Physics |
How do heat-seeking missiles work? do they work exactly like in the movies? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Early ones were really simplistic and just pointed the missile to the hottest thing it sensor could detect, be that a planes exhaust, the sun or flares (decoys). They had limited steering ability and only worked when shot at a plane from behind it (called "rear-aspect"), and even then weren't that reliable. Modern ones... | Technology |
Why are 99% of ads which are supposed to be funny so unfunny? Surely multi-billion dollar companies could afford comedic ad writers? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They get group tested to hell and back, scrutinized backwards and forwards to eliminate any possible offense, to fit specific demographics, to fit in allotted time,etc. Small companies generally do better at this, as they just go with the initial idea (saw a Bigfoot themed ad for a mattress protector that was funnier t... | Economics |
What’s keeping weather forecasting from being a highly accurate science? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are an insane number of variables. Whether the air is over water or dirt or rock, how hot that is, what direction the wind is blowing, what direction it was blowing yesterday, the temperature *here*, the temperature *there*, the pressure here, the pressure there, the elevation here, the elevation there, what kind... | Mathematics |
What causes you to hear a high pitched noise when a device, which has been fully charged, is still in the charger? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Small chargers today are switch mode power supplies. They work, simply said, by first rectifying the alternating mains current to direct current, then chopping it up again to pulses at a much higher frequency, transforming it down and rectifying it again. That sounds overcomplicated, but transformers for high frequenci... | Technology |
How do artists draw ancient animals accurately only from fossils? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They don't really, we just keep updating our knowledge as we learn more. In a lot of early dinosaur art, [theropods like the tyrannosaurus were depicted as very vertical, leaning their tail against the ground like a kickstand.]( URL_1 ) Later on, as we learned more about biomechanics and better identified how bones fit... | Other |
How do scientists make sure satellites don't crash into one another? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Satellites are on a set orbit. The scientists put the satellite into that orbit to begin with, so they know when and where in space the satellite is going to be. When they launch a new satellite, they just calculate the appropriate trajectory and launch time to get the new satellite into space without hitting the other... | Mathematics |
What is a non newtonian fluid and what makes them special? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Most of the other top level responses I see here are focusing on a certain type of non-newtonian fluid, notable shear thickening fluids like oobleck (the classic cornstarch/water mixure). However, as a general class, non-newtonian fluids are simply fluids that don't follow the Newtonian model of fluids. So: **What is a... | Chemistry |
how did we find out that there are 365.25 days in a year? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Observation, and knowing when the sun should be where through relative position. When you chart the sun’s course every day of the year a pattern emerges (Note the position and degree of the light at the exact same time every day). That pattern is slightly off by a few degrees the following year, on a four your cyclical... | Mathematics |
Why does adding up decimals in traditional multiplication get the right answer? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because what you are really doing is multiplying the one of the number by whatever it would take to make it a whole number, then multiplying it with just the decimal, then dividing it again by the same amount you multiplied it. Dividing and multiplying a number by the same number does not change it, so that means this ... | Mathematics |
Why is the PS5 digital $100 cheaper than the PS5 w/ disc drive? Surely a disc drive doesn't cost $100 to produce, right? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A lot of it is that digital sales mean way more money for Sony. If you buy a physical disk for $60, some of that money has to go to the retailer, some has to go to the company that physically makes the disks. That's less overall money that goes to Sony/the publisher/the developer. With digital games, 100% of it goes to... | Technology |
What causes different waves to have different wavelengths on the electromagnetic spectrum? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Not sure what you are asking here. Do you mean why we have more than one wavelength? Wavelength is basically another way to express signal's frequency. Different frequencies exists because their sources are different. You can imagine it for example with guitar strings - thicker strings produce lower frequency (i.e. lon... | Physics |
Why do self-checkout machines sometimes need “assistance?” | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Sometimes the customer operating the self-checkout don't follow prescribed steps, so the machine calls for assistance. For example, not placing a scanned object in the bagging area without indicating that you are going to skip bagging will call for assistance. Or because a customer scans a restricted item, like alcohol... | Technology |
Why when we become self-aware of something, such as blinking, we have an increased urge to do it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Take a second to think about blinking. Now that you’re thinking about it, you probably stopped blinking to see what would happen. In this time, you may have missed several blinks that would’ve happened naturally and not really even been noticed. Now, you’re brain is going to go “oh crap, I didn’t blink! Let me make up ... | Biology |
Why do cancellation fees exist? Isn’t it a daylight robbery? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It’s to recoup costs associated with losing your business. Typically they are at least partially tied to amortizing cost of equipment and services to set you up, like installing cable lines and giving you cable box/remote, subsidy toward phone, etc. Part of monthly fees go toward repaying those costs, so if it hadn’t b... | Economics |
why do mushrooms naturally grow in a circle shape? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Many types of fungi feed of plant matter buried in the ground. They form a vast network of roots, the so called [mycelium]( URL_0 ). This network grows underground, absorbing all the nutrients, at at some point they use the stored up nutrients to grow above ground to spread their spores with the wind. So if you see a b... | Other |
What exactly is in a tumor? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's a mass of tissue that's formed by an accumulation of abnormal cells. Normally, the cells in your body age, die, and are replaced by new cells. With cancer and other tumors, something disrupts this cycle. Tumor cells grow, even though the body does not need them, and unlike normal old cells, they don't die. As this... | Biology |
How did ancient people discover how to refine stuff such as grapes into wine or cooking made food taste better? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Food was rare back in the days which meant that throwing it away could have terrible consequences as long as it was still somewhat edible. Cooking possibly couldve happened by someone accidentally dropping food into a fire and because they wouldnt want to throw it away they ate it. Wine was probably similsr by forgetti... | Technology |
How do darknet dealers get drugs like cocaine and heroin in the first place? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The same way traditional drug dealers do. From producers, or importers (who get them from producers). The drug supply chain does not change, what changes is how the product gets to the end user. Think of it like Amazon vs a general store. They both buy products from suppliers and wholesalers but they retail the product... | Chemistry |
Most materials can be turned into liquids at the right temperature, even rocks. Why can't wood? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Not all rocks *can* become liquid. At least, not without a fundamental change in their material. Like limestone. Carbon can't normally become a liquid, for a non-rock example. Limestone and wood both break down at high temperature. The bonds within their molecules cannot hold together when they are vibrating too aggres... | Chemistry |
Why does running cold water over meat defrost it faster than just sitting there? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Water is a really good heat conductor - much better than air - which will help the meat warm up more quickly. You may have also seen ads for meat blocks that defrost things super quickly. They're usually made out of aluminum (or some other comparable material) which acts as a really good heat conductor compared to your... | Physics |
Okay boys, can someone explain to me what the Belt and Road initiative is? Like what the BRI itself is? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | China is building highways, railways, energy pipelines, shipping lanes, and other infrastructure between China and a bunch of other countries around the world. They are also making crossing borders easier. Now say you live in one of those countries. You can choose between two countries to trade with: * One country has ... | Economics |
Why isn't everything in compressed/smaller file? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Compression is extremely common in application file formats. For example, Microsoft .docx and .xlsx files are actually ZIP archives. Image formats like .jpeg, .png, .gif, are all compressed; [.jpeg uses lossy compression]( URL_1 ) while .png and .gif are lossless (although .gif can lose some color information), but the... | Technology |
Why do groups choose to boycott elections and has this ever been effective? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Voter turnout says a lot about the legitimacy of a process. If turnout for a vote is quite low, then nobody can really be sure of what the people actually want. If one side believes the system is rigged against them, then they should boycott a vote instead of going to vote "no". Heck, let's take the Catalan independenc... | Other |
is there a mathematical theory that explains/predicts ‘good’ music? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There is a field of study called "music theory" that involves finding common patterns in music that has already been written. However, there's no mathematical method to *predict* musical "goodness" any more than there is a formula to predict a great poem or a funny joke. And personally, that is a huge relief. | Mathematics |
If honey doesn't expire, would it be possible for a genetically modified food to be created that harnesses that quality? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You don't need to genetically modify anything. Honey doesn't expire because it has a ton of sugar in it that absorbs all the available water, and microorganisms need water to grow. We already use the same principle in things like jelly or candy - or, more directly, in syrup. (And the same principle of removing water is... | Biology |
Is the Earth's Orbit around the sun linked to the Seasons? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Earth does warble like a top, but it’s not noticeable within one year. It takes several dozen thousands of years to make one full warble. So seasons are not about that. The Earth keeps its axis straight, but the northern end of that axis looks away from the Sun in December and towards the Sun in July, making these mont... | Earth Science |
When you are driving home and have to use the restroom, why is that when you get closer to home, the feeling to use the restroom intensifies more and more? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, the answer to this is honestly a lot more simple than you think; more time passes and your bladder fills more and more. Your bladder fills as a result of your kidneys 'filtering' out extra fluid in your blood. This process is always happening, so your bladder is constantly filling (although the rate at which it f... | Psychology |
I keep hearing Palm Oil is bad for your health. Just why is it worse than other oils such as sunflower, soybean etc? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Palm Oil is high in saturated fat, which is taught to be bad for cardiac health. Whether or not saturated fats are bad or not is highly contentious- those who follow the Keto diet (high fat, low carb) often test for lower cholesterol levels after starting the diet as it trains the body to use fat as its fuel source. | Chemistry |
My headphones "broke" and now I don't hear lead vocals anymore and the sound quality is really bad - Why? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your cord / connector is fucked. It's a stereo-mixing thing - the voice is usually exactly centre, and the music is around the edges. Your ground connection has broken, so it's effectively subtracting one channel from the other - filtering out what's common, and only playing what's different. If it's possible to replac... | Technology |
When something is zero sugar and zero calories, what actually is it made up of? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If you want specific information you can check the ingredient list, but the vast majority of it is carbonated water. The flavors come from natural or artificial flavoring that has zero calories/close enough for the label to say it's zero, and the sweetness comes from one of several different types of sugarfree, zero (o... | Chemistry |
What is the purpose of a nuclear power plant and is it good or bad for the environment? Why are they dangerous? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | nuclear energy is far more efficient at generating energy compared to coal or oil. 1 gram of uranium is equivalent to around 3 tons of coal in terms of energy. it is also a zero carbon emission source of energy, so it is definitely better for the environment considering there is no carbon footprint and we can use less ... | Earth Science |
Why is it so hard for a robot to tick the box '"I am not a robot"? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There's a lot more going on behind the scenes. In general, you see the simple checkbox captcha because Google already knows you're a human. With YouTube, Google Analytics, Gmail, Google Docs, Google ads, and thousands of other Google apps and sites, they are basically always tracking you. You're also almost guaranteed ... | Technology |
What does it mean if someone says they’re a Gestalt nihilist? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Gestalt is a psychology term for seeing thinks as simply as possible while viewing the whole as greater than the sum, such as in the mind. Nihilism is the believe that nothing has explicit purpose or meaning within a specific context. I guess it means they are nihilist who follows gestalt principles. Honestly, it just ... | Other |
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