SentenceTransformer based on intfloat/multilingual-e5-small
This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from intfloat/multilingual-e5-small. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 384-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.
Model Details
Model Description
- Model Type: Sentence Transformer
- Base model: intfloat/multilingual-e5-small
- Maximum Sequence Length: 512 tokens
- Output Dimensionality: 384 dimensions
- Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity
Model Sources
Full Model Architecture
SentenceTransformer(
(0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False, 'architecture': 'BertModel'})
(1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 384, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
(2): Normalize()
)
Usage
Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)
First install the Sentence Transformers library:
pip install -U sentence-transformers
Then you can load this model and run inference.
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
model = SentenceTransformer("mzuama/newmodele5")
sentences = [
'query: Apa bedanya hasutan tidak beragama (pasal 302 ayat 1) dengan pemaksaan berpindah agama (pasal 302 ayat 2)?',
'passage: Pasal 302 membedakan dua perbuatan: ayat (1) mengatur hasutan di muka umum agar seseorang menjadi tidak beragama tanpa unsur kekerasan, diancam penjara paling lama 2 tahun; sedangkan ayat (2) mengatur pemaksaan berpindah agama atau menjadi tidak beragama yang disertai kekerasan atau ancaman kekerasan, diancam lebih berat yaitu penjara paling lama 4 tahun.',
'passage: Pasal 300 mengatur hasutan untuk melakukan permusuhan terhadap agama/kepercayaan di muka umum, dipidana penjara paling lama 3 tahun, berbeda dari Pasal 302 yang mengatur hasutan agar individu meninggalkan agamanya.',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities)
Evaluation
Metrics
Triplet
| Metric |
val |
test |
| cosine_accuracy |
1.0 |
1.0 |
Training Details
Training Dataset
Unnamed Dataset
Evaluation Dataset
Unnamed Dataset
Training Hyperparameters
Non-Default Hyperparameters
eval_strategy: steps
per_device_train_batch_size: 16
per_device_eval_batch_size: 16
learning_rate: 2e-05
num_train_epochs: 10
warmup_ratio: 0.1
warmup_steps: 0.1
fp16: True
batch_sampler: no_duplicates
All Hyperparameters
Click to expand
do_predict: False
eval_strategy: steps
prediction_loss_only: True
per_device_train_batch_size: 16
per_device_eval_batch_size: 16
gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
eval_accumulation_steps: None
torch_empty_cache_steps: None
learning_rate: 2e-05
weight_decay: 0.0
adam_beta1: 0.9
adam_beta2: 0.999
adam_epsilon: 1e-08
max_grad_norm: 1.0
num_train_epochs: 10
max_steps: -1
lr_scheduler_type: linear
lr_scheduler_kwargs: None
warmup_ratio: 0.1
warmup_steps: 0.1
log_level: passive
log_level_replica: warning
log_on_each_node: True
logging_nan_inf_filter: True
enable_jit_checkpoint: False
save_on_each_node: False
save_only_model: False
restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
use_cpu: False
seed: 42
data_seed: None
bf16: False
fp16: True
bf16_full_eval: False
fp16_full_eval: False
tf32: None
local_rank: -1
ddp_backend: None
debug: []
dataloader_drop_last: False
dataloader_num_workers: 0
dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
disable_tqdm: False
remove_unused_columns: True
label_names: None
load_best_model_at_end: False
ignore_data_skip: False
fsdp: []
fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
parallelism_config: None
deepspeed: None
label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
optim: adamw_torch_fused
optim_args: None
group_by_length: False
length_column_name: length
project: huggingface
trackio_space_id: trackio
ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
dataloader_pin_memory: True
dataloader_persistent_workers: False
skip_memory_metrics: True
push_to_hub: False
resume_from_checkpoint: None
hub_model_id: None
hub_strategy: every_save
hub_private_repo: None
hub_always_push: False
hub_revision: None
gradient_checkpointing: False
gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
include_for_metrics: []
eval_do_concat_batches: True
auto_find_batch_size: False
full_determinism: False
ddp_timeout: 1800
torch_compile: False
torch_compile_backend: None
torch_compile_mode: None
include_num_input_tokens_seen: no
neftune_noise_alpha: None
optim_target_modules: None
batch_eval_metrics: False
eval_on_start: False
use_liger_kernel: False
liger_kernel_config: None
eval_use_gather_object: False
average_tokens_across_devices: True
use_cache: False
prompts: None
batch_sampler: no_duplicates
multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional
router_mapping: {}
learning_rate_mapping: {}
Training Logs
| Epoch |
Step |
Training Loss |
Validation Loss |
val_cosine_accuracy |
test_cosine_accuracy |
| -1 |
-1 |
- |
- |
0.9630 |
- |
| 1.4286 |
10 |
2.2660 |
1.2204 |
0.9259 |
- |
| 2.8571 |
20 |
1.2168 |
0.6739 |
0.9630 |
- |
| 4.2857 |
30 |
0.5079 |
0.4612 |
0.9630 |
- |
| 5.7143 |
40 |
0.3407 |
0.3541 |
1.0 |
- |
| 7.1429 |
50 |
0.2258 |
0.3036 |
1.0 |
- |
| 8.5714 |
60 |
0.1868 |
0.2836 |
1.0 |
- |
| 10.0 |
70 |
0.1629 |
0.2788 |
1.0 |
- |
| -1 |
-1 |
- |
- |
1.0 |
1.0 |
Framework Versions
- Python: 3.12.12
- Sentence Transformers: 5.2.3
- Transformers: 5.0.0
- PyTorch: 2.10.0+cpu
- Accelerate: 1.12.0
- Datasets: 4.8.3
- Tokenizers: 0.22.2
Citation
BibTeX
Sentence Transformers
@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
month = "11",
year = "2019",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}
MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
@misc{henderson2017efficient,
title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply},
author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil},
year={2017},
eprint={1705.00652},
archivePrefix={arXiv},
primaryClass={cs.CL}
}