references/es.md

# Spanish (Español) - Python Quick Reference

![Legesher](https://img.shields.io/badge/Legesher-es-blue?style=for-the-badge&logo=python&logoColor=white)
![Script](https://img.shields.io/badge/Script-Latin-green?style=for-the-badge)
![Status](https://img.shields.io/badge/Status-Experimental-yellow?style=for-the-badge)

> Write Python code in Spanish. This guide shows the Spanish keywords
> to use for Legesher to understand your code.

## Language Details

| Attribute | Value |
| --------- | ----- |
| **Language** | Spanish |
| **Native Name** | Español |
| **Script** | Latin |
| **ISO 639-1** | `es` |
| **ISO 639-2** | `spa` |
| **BCP 47 Tag** | `es` |
| **Text Direction** | Left-to-Right (LTR) |
| **Status** | Experimental |

## Keywords (39 terms)

These are Python's reserved words translated to Spanish.

| English | Spanish |
| ------- | ------ |
| `and` | `y` |
| `as` | `como` |
| `assert` | `afirmar` |
| `async` | `asincrónico` |
| `await` | `esperar` |
| `break` | `romper` |
| `case` | `caso` |
| `class` | `clase` |
| `continue` | `continuar` |
| `def` | `definir` |
| `del` | `eliminar` |
| `elif` | `si_no` |
| `else` | `sino` |
| `except` | `excepto` |
| `except*` | `excepto*` |
| `False` | `falso` |
| `finally` | `finalmente` |
| `for` | `por` |
| `from` | `desde` |
| `global` | `declara_variable_global` |
| `if` | `si` |
| `import` | `importar` |
| `in` | `en` |
| `is` | `ser` |
| `lambda` | `funcion_anonima` |
| `match` | `coincidir` |
| `None` | `nulo` |
| `nonlocal` | `nolocal` |
| `not` | `no` |
| `or` | `o` |
| `pass` | `pasar` |
| `raise` | `levantar` |
| `return` | `devolver` |
| `True` | `verdadero` |
| `try` | `probar` |
| `type` | `tipo` |
| `while` | `mientras` |
| `with` | `con` |
| `yield` | `dar` |

## Built-in Functions (72 terms)

Python's built-in functions and types in Spanish.

| English | Spanish |
| ------- | ------ |
| `abs` | `valorabsoluto` |
| `aiter` | `iterador_asincrónico` |
| `all` | `todo` |
| `anext` | `próximo` |
| `any` | `cualquier` |
| `ascii` | `asciiificar` |
| `bin` | `binario` |
| `bool` | `booleano` |
| `breakpoint` | `puntodeinterrupción` |
| `bytearray` | `conjuntoDeBytes` |
| `bytes` | `bytes_inmutables` |
| `callable` | `llamable` |
| `chr` | `carácter` |
| `classmethod` | `métododeclase` |
| `compile` | `compilar` |
| `complex` | `complejo` |
| `delattr` | `eliminar_atributo` |
| `dict` | `diccionario` |
| `dir` | `directorio` |
| `divmod` | `division_con_resta` |
| `ellipsis` | `elipsis` |
| `enumerate` | `elenumerar` |
| `eval` | `evalúo` |
| `exec` | `ejecutar` |
| `filter` | `filtrar` |
| `float` | `flotante` |
| `format` | `formatear` |
| `frozenset` | `conjuntocongelado` |
| `getattr` | `obtenerelatributo` |
| `globals` | `globales` |
| `hasattr` | `teneratributo` |
| `hash` | `resumen_hash` |
| `help` | `ayuda` |
| `hex` | `hexadecimal` |
| `id` | `identificador` |
| `input` | `entrada` |
| `int` | `entero` |
| `isinstance` | `ser_de_la_clase` |
| `issubclass` | `subclasede` |
| `iter` | `iterar` |
| `len` | `longitud` |
| `list` | `lista` |
| `locals` | `loslocales` |
| `map` | `mapear` |
| `max` | `máximo` |
| `memoryview` | `vistadememoria` |
| `min` | `minimo` |
| `next` | `siguiente` |
| `notimplemented` | `noimplementado` |
| `object` | `objeto` |
| `oct` | `octal` |
| `open` | `abrir` |
| `ord` | `ordinal` |
| `pow` | `potencia` |
| `print` | `imprimir` |
| `property` | `propiedad` |
| `range` | `rango` |
| `repr` | `representación` |
| `reversed` | `revesado` |
| `round` | `redondear` |
| `set` | `conjunto` |
| `setattr` | `asignar` |
| `slice` | `rebanada` |
| `sorted` | `ordenado` |
| `staticmethod` | `estático` |
| `str` | `cadena` |
| `sum` | `sumar` |
| `super` | `superClase` |
| `tuple` | `tupla` |
| `type` | `tipo` |
| `vars` | `variables` |
| `zip` | `acopiar` |

## Exceptions (69 terms)

Exception classes for error handling.

| English | Spanish |
| ------- | ------ |
| `arithmeticerror` | `erroraritmético` |
| `assertionerror` | `errordeaserción` |
| `attributeerror` | `Errordeatributo` |
| `baseexception` | `excepciónbase` |
| `baseexceptiongroup` | `grupodeexcepcionesbase` |
| `basegeneratorexit` | `generarsalida` |
| `blockingioerror` | `errordeESbloqueante` |
| `brokenpipeerror` | `errordetuberíarota` |
| `buffererror` | `errordebúfer` |
| `byteswarning` | `advertenciadebytes` |
| `childprocesserror` | `errordeprocesosecundario` |
| `connectionabortederror` | `errordeabortarconexión` |
| `connectionerror` | `errordeconexión` |
| `connectionrefusederror` | `errorderechazodeconexión` |
| `connectionreseterror` | `resetearconexión` |
| `deprecationwarning` | `advertenciadedepreciación` |
| `encodingwarning` | `advertenciadecodificación` |
| `environmenterror` | `errordeentorno` |
| `eoferror` | `errordeentradasalida` |
| `exception` | `excepción` |
| `exceptiongroup` | `grupodeexcepciones` |
| `fileexistserror` | `errordeexistenciadearchivo` |
| `filenotfounderror` | `Errordenoencontrarelarchivo` |
| `floatingpointerror` | `errordepunteroflotante` |
| `futurewarning` | `advertenciafutura` |
| `generatorexit` | `salidadegenerador` |
| `importerror` | `errordeimportación` |
| `importwarning` | `advertenciadeimportación` |
| `indentationerror` | `errordesangría` |
| `indexerror` | `Errordeíndice` |
| `interruptederror` | `errordeinterrupción` |
| `ioerror` | `errordeES` |
| `isadirectoryerror` | `errordedirectorio` |
| `keyboardinterrupt` | `interrupcióndelteclado` |
| `keyerror` | `errordeclave` |
| `lookuperror` | `errordebúsqueda` |
| `memoryerror` | `errordememoria` |
| `modulenotfounderror` | `Errordemódulonoencontrado` |
| `nameerror` | `Errordenombre` |
| `notadirectoryerror` | `errordenoserundirectorio` |
| `notimplementederror` | `errordenoimplementación` |
| `oserror` | `ErrorDeOS` |
| `overflowerror` | `errordedesbordamiento` |
| `pendingdeprecationwarning` | `advertenciadeadvertenciadedepreciaciónpendiente` |
| `permissionerror` | `errordepermiso` |
| `processlookuperror` | `errordebúsquedadeproceso` |
| `recursionerror` | `errorderecursión` |
| `referenceerror` | `errordereferencia` |
| `resourcewarning` | `advertenciaderecursos` |
| `runtimeerror` | `errorentiempodeejecución` |
| `runtimewarning` | `advertenciadetiempodeejecución` |
| `stopasynciteration` | `detenerlaiteraciónasincrónica` |
| `stopiteration` | `detener_iteración` |
| `syntaxerror` | `errordesintaxis` |
| `syntaxwarning` | `advertenciadesintaxis` |
| `systemexit` | `salirdelsistema` |
| `taberror` | `errordetabulación` |
| `timeouterror` | `errordetiempodeespera` |
| `typeerror` | `errordetipo` |
| `unboundlocalerror` | `errordereferencialocalnoenlazada` |
| `unicodedecodeerror` | `errordedecodificacióndeUnicode` |
| `unicodeencodeerror` | `errordecodificaciónunicode` |
| `unicodeerror` | `errordeunicode` |
| `unicodetranslateerror` | `errordetraduccióndeUnicode` |
| `unicodewarning` | `advertenciadeunicode` |
| `userwarning` | `advertenciadelusuario` |
| `valueerror` | `errordevalor` |
| `warning` | `advertencia` |
| `zerodivisionerror` | `errordedivisiónporcero` |

## Example Code

Here's an example showing Spanish Python code with Legesher:

```python
# Ejemplo: Función factorial con manejo de errores

desde typing importar Optional

definir factorial(n):
    """Calcular el factorial de n."""
    si n < 0:
        levantar Errordevalor("Los números negativos no están permitidos")
    si_no n == 0 o n == 1:
        devolver 1
    sino:
        devolver n * factorial(n - 1)

definir principal():
    numeros = [entero(x) por x en rango(6)]

    por numero en numeros:
        resultado = factorial(numero)
        imprimir(f"{numero}! = {resultado}")

    # Demostrar bucle while
    contador = 0
    mientras contador < 3:
        imprimir(f"Contador: {contador}")
        contador += 1

    # Demostrar try/except
    probar:
        factorial(-1)
    excepto Errordevalor como error:
        imprimir(f"Error: {error}")
    finalmente:
        imprimir("¡Listo!")

si __name__ == "__main__":
    principal()
```

## Usage

```python
from legesher_i18n import LanguagePackLoader

# Load Spanish pack for Python 3.12
loader = LanguagePackLoader()
pack = loader.load("es", "python", "3.12")

# Translate code
from legesher import translate
english_code = translate(your_es_code, from_lang="es", to_lang="en")
```

## Contributing

Found a better translation? We welcome contributions from native speakers!

1. Edit `legesher_i18n_python_es/packs/<version>.yml` for the Python version where the term was introduced:
   - `3.10.yml` - Base translations (most terms)
   - `3.11.yml` - Terms added in Python 3.11 (e.g., `except*`)
   - `3.12.yml` - Terms added in Python 3.12 (e.g., `type`)
   - `3.13.yml` / `3.14.yml` - Future additions
2. Submit a pull request with your reasoning
3. Translations should be natural, commonly used in CS education, and easy to type