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declining butterfly species were more strongly related to latitude than to the distribution of valuable HNVf, which is consistent with endangered plants and butterflies being more abundant in southwestern Finland.However, it should be acknowledged that the spatial diversity patterns of different taxa do not necessarily... | HNVf comprises agricultural areas of semi-natural state, low-intensity farming and fine-scale landscape mosaics of different habitat types.We examined how well the Finnish HNVf indicator and the sub-indicators constituting it – recalculated for the purposes of this study for five study regions – reflect the variation i... |
was not observed using phenol as model compound in water over a nickel catalyst.In this case, phenol was completely converted with high selectivity to cyclohexanol, while in the pyrolysis oil the conversion of phenol was low and cyclohexanone was the main product detected.This demonstrates how the performance of a cata... | Upgrading bio-oils for the production of transport fuel and chemicals is a challenge that has recently attracted a lot of attention.As one of the most prominent approaches, hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) was used in this work to upgrade the light phase of a pyrolysis oil produced from straw in the bioliq® pilot plant in Karl... |
were observed from the catalysts derived from dry reforming of the various waste plastics.Some catalysts showed an increase in the diameter of catalyst particles from the experiment with Ni/Al2O3 catalyst to Ni-Co/Al2O3, a growth of whisker carbons in RDF, some showing a reduction of catalyst diameter and some catalyst... | Catalytic dry reforming of mixed waste plastics, from a range of different municipal, commercial and industrial sources, were processed in a two-stage fixed bed reactor.Pyrolysis of the plastics took place in the first stage and dry (CO2) reforming of the evolved pyrolysis gases took place in the second stage in the pr... |
at baseline, mid-intervention, and post-intervention, plus change in these across the study.At baseline there was no difference in total physical activity measured as CPM or higher intensity physical activity measured as MVPA minutes between the schools.The sample were reasonably active with the children at both school... | However, there was a positive association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during school commute times and the number of days on which children touched a Beat the Street sensor.This equated to 3.46 min extra daily MVPA during commute times for children who touched a sensor on 14.5 days (the mean nu... |
were measured during the same week and were subject to the same weather conditions, it could be that Beat the Street is more effective during dry weather conditions as it relies on children to active travel outdoors.Another potential limitation with the intervention concerns its duration which, in the case of the Norwi... | Beat the Street aims to get children more active by encouraging them to walk and cycle in their neighbourhood using tracking technology with a reward scheme.Eighty children 8-10 yrs were recruited via an intervention and control school.They wore an accelerometer for 7 days at baseline, mid-intervention and post-interve... |
the six standards were clearly assignable by matching retention times and UV-spectra; if these criteria were not met, e.g. peaks were too small for providing meaningful spectra, respective signals were not considered for quantitation.The assigned compounds were quinine, cinchonine and cinchonidine, with the latter alwa... | Chinoline alkaloids found in Cinchona bark still play an important role in medicine, for example as antimalarial and antiarrhythmic drugs.For the first time Supercritical Fluid Chromatography has been utilized for their separation.Six respective derivatives (dihydroquinidine, dihydroquinine, quinidine, quinine, cinchon... |
Eurytemora spp. there are more chances to move towards the culture of Acartia spp., which are the better studied species.However, if a culture of copepods is not yet available or achievable in a hatchery, another cost-effective solution is to continue the development of better rotifer enrichment.In the case of winter f... | Copepods are the main natural food of many marine fish larvae.However, enriched rotifers are the most commonly used live prey in larval rearing.Impacts on the feeding behavior, growth, survival, and fatty acid (FA)composition of winter flounder larvae fed with copepods and rotifers were determined and compared to the F... |
likely due to a tendency of parameterization TEST451f of Ardhuin et al. to underestimate short fetches with CFSR wind data.However, neglecting the unresolved obstacles leads to strong overestimation of both Hs and T-10.The values simulated by UOST and GRIDGEN04, both for bulk parameters and frequency spectra, are remar... | Parameterizing the dissipative effects of small, unresolved coastal features, is fundamental to improve the skills of wave models.The established technique to deal with this problem consists in reducing the amount of energy advected within the propagation scheme, and is currently available only for regular grids.To fin... |
BPS tools.However, further investigation is necessary to analyse how the specific heat transfer mechanisms that occur in and out of the building affect the transient performance of the thermal mass, how these are simulated in different BPS tools and to give a better insight on how to tackle the “modelling gap”.To be ab... | Enhanced fabric performance is fundamental to reduce the energy consumption in buildings.Research has shown that the thermal mass of the fabric can be used as a passive design strategy to reduce energy use for space conditioning.Concrete is a high density material, therefore said to have high thermal mass.Insulating co... |
successful mass campaigns had a number of common features; these include the polio elimination campaign in India , polio virus containment in Israel in 2013, meningococcal A campaigns in several countries in the African meningitis belt and meningococcal C outbreak control campaigns in high-income countries, .In each ca... | When faced with vaccine hesitancy, public health authorities are looking for effective strategies to address this issue.In this paper, the findings of 15 published literature reviews or meta-analysis that have examined the effectiveness of different interventions to reduce vaccine hesitancy and/or to enhance vaccine ac... |
The vaccine registration landscape at the global level is complex.Requirements and procedures applied in different countries are diverse and sometimes duplicative.Vaccine stakeholders, including regulators, regulatory networks and economic blocks such as the Eastern African Community, the Economic Community of West Afr... | This report builds on a previous publication identifying challenges for registration of vaccines in emerging countries.Based on regular exchange of information and experiences, a group of regulatory experts from the vaccine industry developed three sets of proposals for consideration by vaccine stakeholders, with a vie... |
structure .Since the ICH CTD is the model from which all other CTDs have been derived, it would seem reasonable to encourage use of this CTD structure and content.Applying the ICH CTD numbering system across CTDs worldwide would enable all stakeholders to refer to the same information categories.Regarding content, the ... | Vaccines play an essential role in preventing infectious diseases.Their registration in importing countries is often cumbersome and unpredictably lengthy, leading to delays in vaccine access for populations that need them most.Further, it offers options for alignment of structure and contents of Common Technical Docume... |
norms, and values."Notwithstanding the above, regardless of individuals' ethical assessments, the variables to show the highest predictive capacity were the positive emotions produced by the idea of a memory implant and social influence.Negative emotions did not have a significant impact on the explanation of the inten... | The development of neural implants to increase people's memory is enabling the creation of cyborgs (human-machine hybrids) with superior capacities.This paper aims to advance new technology acceptance models by analyzing the moderating effect of ethics on an integrative Cognitive-Affective-Normative (CAN) model to unde... |
strength acquisition by inferior spikelets, especially when assimilate supply is limited.By the time flowering of the inferior spikelets is over and they are ready to grow, the superior spikelets are already rapidly accumulating assimilates, leaving little assimilates available for the inferior spikelets and consequent... | Grain filling in rice is determined by the balance between sink size and source supply.Partially filled or unfilled spikelets is produced when source supply per spikelet is insufficient.Cultivars with high assimilate partitioning efficiency, which produce fewer partially filled spikelets, would be preferable because th... |
Seedlings of woody canopy species in the xeric forms of subtropical thicket are rare.Kruger et al. suggest that this is a consequence of the life history of thicket canopy species: these long-lived shrubs or low trees regenerate primarily by sprouting.Consequently, they are likely to produce fewer seedlings than specie... | Here we argue that the low number of seedlings is a consequence of niche conservatism where thicket species have retained germination and seedling establishment requirements associated with their ancestral origins in the warm, wet forests of the early Cenozoic.We test this hypothesis by evaluating the germination succe... |
from semi-arid environments, seed size was a poor predictor of germination success and seedling mortality or survival amongst our study species.We suggest that the high moisture demand for germination of thicket canopy shrubs is a legacy of the early Cenozoic rainforest origins.This germination niche has been conserved... | Seedlings of woody canopy species in the xeric forms of subtropical thicket are rare.These results suggest that germination of thicket species requires long periods of high soil moisture supporting the niche conservatism hypothesis. |
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease influenced strongly by genetic factors.It was indicated that the life time concordance rate of T1D related autoimmunity in monozygotic twins can be as high as 65%.The incidence of T1D varies remarkably among different ethnic/geographical populations and ranges from around 5/100,... | Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease that has strong contribution of genetic factors to its etiology.We genotyped 55 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers located in 16 non-HLA genes (VTCN1, PTPN22, CTLA4, SUMO4, CD274, IL2RA, INS, DHCR7, ERBB3, VDR, CYP27B1, CD69, CD276, PTPN2, UBASH3A, and IL2RB) us... |
signaling pathway and in turn regulate insulin production in β-cells and subsequent glucose metabolism.However, the pathogenic role of the intronic ERBB3-rs2292239 in T1D is still obscured since it had no apparent effects on ERBB3 expression in previous systematic genotype-expression studies.Although our haplotype anal... | We aimed to assess the genetic association between non-HLA genes and T1D in a Chinese case-control cohort recruited from multiple centers consisting of 364 patients with T1D and 719 unrelated healthy children.After multivariate analysis and correction for multiple comparisons, we identified the SNP rs2292239 in ERBB3 g... |
investment as well as the cost of energy.One of the best strategies for obtaining the most efficient design in terms of energy efficiency and the cost of the initial investment is to define an objective function that minimizes the total cost of the investment and operational.I.e. minimizing the levelized cost of the pr... | In this paper, energy pinch analysis is implemented on the Naphtha Production Unit as an operating process plant.It endeavors to approach the current system to the maximum energy recovery (MER) design by providing several scenarios in the heat exchangers network.Furthermore, the economic analysis considering the initia... |
CMhm infections.Thus phylogenetic grouping is not strictly associated with haemoplasma co-infections.The subclade formation within the CMhm and CMt clades showed grouping of sequences from different regions worldwide and from different host types.As the phylogenetic divergence among strains may be reflected in phenotyp... | Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf), '.Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum' (CMhm) and '.Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis' (CMt) are agents of feline haemoplasmosis and can induce anaemia in cats.This study aimed to determine the prevalence and phylogeny of haemoplasma species in cats from Brazil's capital and surrounding areas... |
The rise in mobile technologies has facilitated tele-working which in turn has enabled people to combine work with other commitments.This has had both financial and personal benefits for individuals by enabling those who may otherwise have been excluded to contribute to the workforce.For instance, the increased flexibi... | Recovery is a necessary factor in avoiding work-related strain and in feeling prepared for the next day of work.In order for recovery to be successful, an individual must experience psychological detachment from work, relaxation, mastery experiences and a sense of control, all of which have been argued to be assisted b... |
source of social interaction and potential relationships, creating sources of social support and capital.In line with this reasoning, it is possible that those without a strong offline support network may turn to certain digital games to provide the emotional support required for recovery to be successful through onlin... | However, it is unclear whether these associations will be greater for certain digital game genres, or whether this would extend to other recovery-related outcomes, for instance work home interference (WHI), where the stress from work interferes with home-life.Moreover, digital game use was not related to a reduction in... |
as offline capital, as it may still aid recovery.Overall, this research forms the basis for future studies assessing the potential for digital games to be used in occupational settings to improve recovery.The results would indicate that game choice will be a particularly important aspect in whether this is likely to be... | These factors may be vital in determining whether interventions aimed at improving recovery using digital games would be effective, and what form these should take. |
and EA should be accessible for women in labor.Women were questioned about origins of their information about EA.Answers for sources of women׳s knowledge were classified as: media and/or reading, from family members/relatives and friends, from antenatal clinics, and from past experience.Attitudes toward EA were measure... | Women׳s choice to use epidural anesthesia (EA) for relief of labor pain varies from one culture to another.A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to gather data from a sample of 200 women in childbearing age.Data was gathered from general population in Lebanon.Demographic data, knowledge and attitudes questionna... |
employed in Fig. 5 could be detailed as:RCOP_5%: compares significance of differences between datasets from the duplicated sampling for raw crude oil polluted soil system having 5% w/w crude oil/soil pollution concentration;,TCOP_5%: compares significance of differences between datasets from the duplicated sampling for... | This data article details Pseudomonas aeruginosa effects on the bioremediation of soil that had been polluted by different concentrations, 5% w/w and 8% w/w, of raw (for simulating oil spills from well-heads) and treated (for simulating oil spills from flow lines/storage tanks) crude oil.Data on bioremediation effects ... |
natural grounds upon which we might advance.Official stories can often over-simplify or routinise in a way that creates political movement but also deadens thinking .But used well, they might also help us say what or how we think, in a fresher way than our disciplinary or sectoral jargon and boundaries often allow.In a... | Energy and climate change research has been dominated by particular methods and approaches to defining and addressing problems, accomplished by gathering and analysing the corresponding forms of evidence.This special issue starts from the broad concepts of stories, narratives, and storytelling to go beyond these analyt... |
The Nama-Karoo is an inland biome in South Africa bounded by six other biomes: succulent Karoo, Albany thicket, grassland, savanna, patches of desert and fynbos.Rainfall ranges from < 100 to > 400 mm per year, with most of the biome receiving 200 mm or less.Vegetation is characterised and dominated by perennial dwarf s... | The Nama-Karoo is a semi-arid inland biome in South Africa dominated by dwarf shrubs with grasses, shrubs, geophytes and herbs at varying levels of abundance.The position of the Nama-Karoo/grassland boundary is determined in part by rainfall amount, and in recent years there has been an increase in grassiness, correlat... |
The Mills fire there were striking examples of dense stands of R. intricata having been extirpated.Sites at the Mills, Inverness, Skietkuildam, Middelburg Commonage and Richmond fire sites all showed examples of the dominant E. ericoides being extirpated and veld shifting to open grassland.At the Victoria West site the... | This has allowed wildfires, an unusual occurrence, to burn at several sites in the central and eastern regions of the biome.The general effect of fire has been to convert dwarf shrublands to grassland with the extirpation of several nonsprouters species.A collection of photographs describes this effect. |
The contractile properties of cardiac muscle influence the filling behaviour of the heart, determining the maximal diastolic volume, thereby providing a set point for systolic performance via the Frank-Starling mechanism ."Contractile function is ultimately dictated by the properties of the muscle's constituent sarcome... | Sarcomere assembly is a highly orchestrated and dynamic process which adapts, during perinatal development, to accommodate growth of the heart.Sarcomeric components, including titin, undergo an isoform transition to adjust ventricular filling.We sought to determine whether Thymosin β4 (Tβ4), a peptide that regulates th... |
the N2B and PEVK bands in −/Y hearts became closely apposed from P5 onwards, such that discrete bands could not be discerned.Thus, the shortened sarcomere phenotype in Tβ4 −/Y mice arises early in postnatal life, coincidentally with precocious up-regulation of shorter titin isoforms; reduced sarcomere length is maintai... | In Tβ4 null mice, immunofluorescence-based sarcomere analyses revealed shortened thin filament, sarcomere and titin spring length in cardiomyocytes, associated with precocious up-regulation of the short titin isoforms during the postnatal splicing transition.The regulation of titin splicing is a previously unrecognised... |
end .Nebulin was postulated to act as a thin filament “ruler”, however, the notion was subsequently challenged with the demonstration that nebulin does not extend to the pointed ends, where Tmod caps thin filaments .The role of nebulin, rather, appears to be to stabilize a large core region of the thin filament and gen... | Many sarcomeric genes have been implicated in congenital cardiomyopathies, such that understanding developmental sarcomere transitions will inform the aetiology and treatment.Distinguishing between thin filament extension and titin splicing as the primary defect is challenging, as these events are intimately linked. |
Oleiphilus messinensis is one of the organisms that represent the functional group of so-called obligate marine hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria, which plays a pivotal role in the degradation of petroleum constituents in the sea.The strain O. messinensis ME102 was isolated from the sediments of the Messina harbor, which is... | Marine bacterium Oleiphilus messinensis ME102 (DSM 13489T) isolated from the sediments of the harbor of Messina (Italy) is a member of the order Oceanospirillales, class Gammaproteobacteria, representing the physiological group of marine obligate hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (OHCB) alongside the members of the genera A... |
of above gene clusters in O. messinensis are situated on horizontally acquired “catabolic transposons”, which is a very common phenomenon in marine oil-degrading bacteria.Genome analysis also revealed coding potential of O. messinensis for the utilization of other hydrocarbon derivatives.OLMES_3894 haloalkane-dehalogen... | Despite having the largest genome (6.379.281 bp) among OHCB, O. messinensis exhibits a very narrow substrate profile.Its genome contains the largest numbers of genomic islands (15) and mobile genetic elements (140), as compared with more streamlined genomes of its OHCB counterparts.Among hydrocarbon-degrading Oceanospi... |
Computer vision has undergone a dramatic revolution in performance, driven in large part through deep features trained on large-scale supervised datasets.However, much of these improvements have focused on static image analysis; video understanding has seen rather modest improvements.Even though new datasets and spatio... | We propose a new video understanding benchmark, with tasks that by-design require temporal reasoning to be solved, unlike most existing video datasets. |
induced by high light observed in many kinds of plants Therefore, we hypothesize that the light level which dissatisfied for the G. lemaneiformis algae growth basically, consequently, it could also induce the enhancement of radical processes in the chloroplast resulting in a decrease in potential quantum yield of PSII.... | To investigate the response of the Gracilaria lemaneiformis (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta) to light stress, algae were grown at low (LL), intermediate (IL), and high light (HL) conditions.The relationship between photoacclimatory plasticity, light energy utilization and antioxidant capacity, and many physiological and bio... |
it will be interesting to test whether double staining could also improve negative staining techniques on smaller molecular structures such as proteins or nucleic acids, perhaps revealing subtle changes in molecular morphology.We found that the double staining protocol with PTA produced linear/crystalline precipitates ... | Synthetic and naturally occurring lipid-rich nanoparticles are of wide ranging importance in biomedicine.They include liposomes, bicelles, nanodiscs, exosomes and virus particles.The quantitative study of these particles requires methods for high-resolution visualization of the whole population.One powerful imaging met... |
involves different and more complex emotional dysregulation.Also, a large number of studies are congruent in a finding of decreased hippocampal volume.Amygdala and hippocampus are two highly interconnected regions that have a common influence on the effect on emotional memory.Furthermore, the studies above provide evid... | Neuroimaging research reflects the complexity of post-traumatic stress disorder and shares some common difficulties of post-traumatic stress disorder research, such as the different classifications of the disorder over time, changes in diagnostic criteria, and extensive comorbidities, as well as precisely delineated an... |
The extent to which apparently random fluctuations in behavior are predictable is of fundamental theoretical and practical interest.The time taken to initiate even the most basic responses to highly salient stimulations typically varies four- to five-fold.It remains largely unknown why and when this variability occurs:... | Large variability between individual response times, even in identical conditions, is a ubiquitous property of animal behavior.However, the origins of this stochasticity and its relation to action decisions remain unclear.We employ magnetoencephalography (MEG) and a correlational source reconstruction approach to ident... |
occipital to parietal and frontal areas, the cells become more responsive to the task relevance of the particular visual stimuli and more tuned to the nature of the motor response required.Our result thus suggests that response speed can be affected by both visual and premotor variability.The former is normally assumed... | Here we focus on the state of the perception-action network in the pre-stimulus period and its influence on subsequent saccadic response time and choice in humans.We find a relationship between future response time and pre-stimulus power, but not phase, in occipital (including V1), parietal, posterior cingulate and sup... |
on average on the group, for 2% or 4% of the RT variance, depending on whether we pick the most reliable voxel at the group level or we allow the peak location to vary across participants within each ROI.The partial independence across ROIs makes it conceivable that predictive power could be improved by combining sever... | Importantly, these correlations were not explained by deterministic sources of variance, such as experimental factors and trial history. |
experience greater increases in traffic associated with offshore energy developments, dolphins may already be accustomed to higher noise levels in this area.On the other hand, Chanonry is currently much quieter, meaning that a smaller increase in shipping noise could result in a greater degradation of habitat quality.A... | We aimed to establish a pre-development baseline, and to develop ship noise monitoring methods using Automatic Identification System (AIS) and time-lapse video to record trends in noise levels and shipping activity.Our results detail the noise levels currently experienced by a locally protected bottlenose dolphin popul... |
matrices of ICs or the centers of clusters can be regarded as spatiotemporal patterns.However, mixing matrices of ICs or centers of clusters do not necessarily reflect actual spatiotemporal patterns.This is because neither ICA nor k-means is designed to estimate repetitive spatiotemporal patterns.Therefore, applying IC... | Repetitive spatiotemporal patterns in spontaneous brain activities have been widely examined in non-human studies.In human magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) studies, however, spatiotemporal patterns in resting-state brain activities have not been extensively examined.This is because estimati... |
previous animal models of nociceptive function.Second, from a neuroscientific perspective, it suggests that the brain responses elicited by transient nociceptive stimuli have a similar functional significance in rodents and humans.Therefore, it is likely that, as repeatedly demonstrated in human LEPs, the largest part ... | Murine models of pain often consist in recording (1) threshold responses (like the tail-flick reflex) elicited by (2) non-nociceptive specific inputs in (3) anaesthetized animals.The direct cortical recording of laser-evoked potentials (LEPs) elicited by stimuli of graded energies in freely-moving rodents avoids these ... |
purposes.Accept that change is something inherent to the nature of PLEs.Change can be disruptive for users who are accustomed to a specific tool or application, but can also open a new world of possibilities.Most services allow users to download the information and the content users have created and stored in them; lea... | The emergence of Web 2.0 has not only changed the available Web technologies, but also the way people communicate and relate to one another; technology is continuously impacting society and the behaviour of individuals.The growing ubiquity of Web access, and the variety of devices that allow us to interact with it, hav... |
The ability to forecast a set of likely yet diverse possible future behaviors of an agent is essential for safety-critical perception systems.In particular, a set of possible future behaviors generated by the system must be diverse to account for all possible outcomes in order to take necessary safety precautions.It is... | We learn a diversity sampling function with DPPs to obtain a diverse set of samples from a generative model. |
student at the Weizmann Institute of science in Israel, we had weekly neuroscience seminars in the basement of the Neurobiology building.Two of these seminars made a big impact on me.One was when my graduate mentor, Dr. Rafael Malach, returned from a sabbatical at MGH and announced that there is a revolutionary method ... | Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electrocorticography (ECoG) research have been influential in revealing the functional characteristics of category-selective responses in human ventral temporal cortex (VTC).One important, but unanswered, question is how these two types of measurements might be related w... |
could be partly explained by differences in motivation.There was a positive correlation between NFR and quitting rate.This suggests that people with a higher NFR are more likely to quit the task they are performing.According to FUEL, when demands get too high, one might no longer put effort into a task.The evaluation o... | Listening to speech in noise can be effortful but when motivated people seem to be more persevering.Previous research showed effects of monetary reward on autonomic responses like cardiovascular reactivity and pupil dilation while participants processed auditory information.The current study examined the effects of mon... |
higher than for the S&P500.As seen in Fig. 7 and, when a small ball falls on a “high curvature” or “low curvature” surface, the same force is applied to the ball on the different surfaces.The ball that falls on the high-curvature surface will have difficulty falling to another place, whereas the ball on the low-curvatu... | A financial market is a complex, dynamic system with an underlying governing manifold.This study introduces an early warning method for financial markets based on manifold learning.First, we restructure the phase space of a financial system using financial time series data.Then, we propose an information metric-based m... |
cells are surrounded by several substances, as well as by pores and water channels that function as a system for the passage of nutrients, oxygen and metabolites destined for secretion.In the final stage, the biofilm cannot be maintained, and thus, it is released either as planktonic cellular or cell aggregates.Subsequ... | Microbes can modify their surface structure as an adaptive mechanism for survival and dissemination in the environment or inside the host.Altering their ability to respond to mechanical stimuli is part of this adaptive process.Since the 1990s, powerful micromanipulation tools have been developed that allow mechanical s... |
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the third most frequent cause of cancer-related death worldwide and accounts for ∼90% of primary liver cancers .Typically, HCC arises from chronic viral infections, alcohol-induced liver injuries, or from obesity- and type 2 diabetes mellitus-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases .HCC p... | Chronic liver diseases and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma are closely linked and pose a major medical challenge as treatment options are limited.To investigate the role of STAT5 in the etiology of liver cancer in more detail, we applied the chemical carcinogen diethylnitrosamine (DEN) to mice harboring a h... |
10 months of DEN injection.Macroscopic appearance of S5KO livers suggested a less pronounced response to DEN induced liver tumorigenesis at the final stage of analysis in 10 months old mice fitting to the normalization of liver to body weight ratios at older age.Histological analysis confirmed a reduced tumor incidence... | At 8 months after DEN injections, tumor formation in S5KO was significantly reduced.This was associated with diminished tumor frequency and less aggressive liver cancer progression.Apoptosis and inflammation markers were not changed in S5KO livers suggesting that the reduced tumor burden was not due to impaired inflamm... |
frequency and aggressiveness is reduced in mice lacking hepatic STAT5 suggesting that STAT5 exerts oncogenic functions in DEN-induced liver cancer.In support of our findings recently published data showed delayed tumor formation in mice harboring a hepatic deletion of JAK2, the prototypical upstream kinase of STAT5, wh... | Animal studies have shown that genetic deletion of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 5 in liver is associated with higher susceptibility to fatty liver disease, fibrosis and cancer, indicating a protective role of hepatic STAT5 in mouse models of chronic liver disease.Taken together, while STA... |
too.In this paper, actual strain of a CPR1000 unit’s pressurizer during the pre-delivery hydrostatic test is acquired.The strain and stress data acquired can be used as the basic data for the pressurizer ageing condition assessment or structural integrity assessment during its long-term operation.The conclusions of thi... | Strain gages are applied to get the strain and stress of a CPR1000 Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) pressurizer during the pre-delivery hydrostatic test.The measured strain curves are discussed to find the deformation features of the cylinder.The stresses of cylindrical base metal, longitudinal welds and girth welds are calcu... |
Given the dramatic variations in the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted infections in populations both between and within countries, it is important to understand how sexual behaviours vary between these populations.This involves not just investigating variations in the average be... | Background: Given the large variation in the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections between populations it is important to characterize how sexual vary between populations.In this paper we assess how the distribution of lifetime sexual partners varies between populations.Methods: We defined those in the top deci... |
lowest tertile category.A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Analyses were performed with STATA version 13, using survey methodology to adjust for the survey characteristics.The characteristics of the survey participants by ethnic group, including their mean number of lifetime partners a... | To account for autocorrelation, all analyses were conducted using means/medians excluding those in the HRB.A P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: In each country, a positive correlation existed between subpopulations' mean lifetime partners and the prevalence of the HRB.Spearman's correlat... |
the mean number of partners and the variance thereof.This has important consequences.Increasing deviance in number of partners plays an important role in the spread of STIs.This makes more salient the finding that mean lifetime partners is associated not only with prevalence of the HRB but also with the magnitude of va... | We ask: do populations with higher mean lifetime sexual partners merely differ by virtue of the presence of a core-group with increased number of partners or do the population distributions move as more coherent wholes?Conclusions: Our results suggest that sexual behaviours vary coherently between different populations... |
neuroimmune network model, adversities occurring in the first years of life may have long-lasting effects on immune system functioning by increasing individuals’ reactivity to adversities occurring in subsequent periods.Specifically, these adversities can increase the proinflammatory tendencies in monocytes and macroph... | This study is the first to examine the unique role of different types of peer status (i.e., peer preference and peer popularity) on systemic inflammation in adolescence, and the extent to which this association is moderated by early childhood adversity.Participants were 587 Dutch adolescents from the TRacking Adolescen... |
with females having higher hsCRP values, t = 3.34, p < .01, and males more early childhood adversity, t=-4.83, p < .01.A small main effect of peer preference on hsCRP indicated that greater peer preference at age 13 predicted lower hsCRP levels at age 16.The significant association between peer preference and hsCRP hel... | At age 13, peer preference and peer popularity were assessed with peer nominations of classmates.At age 16, high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), a marker of low-grade systemic inflammation, was assessed with a venipuncture blood draw.Results showed that adolescents who were rated low on peer preference at age 13 ... |
system in the short to medium term needs to await network reworking by monsoon floods to induce any significant adjustment to the larger channels.Nevertheless, the fact that large flood flows are substantially accommodated on the floodplains implies that the system is unable to adjust to convey large flood flows in-cha... | Thus, the network structure, if not detailed planform, remains stable even for the record 2010 flood (27,100 m3 s− 1; recurrence interval > 100 years).Bankline recession is negligible for discharges less than a peak annual discharge of 6000 m3 s− 1 (~ 80% of mean annual flood).Rather, the network is in near-equilibrium... |
Splenic rupture is a rare and life-threatening acute complication in which the spleen is damaged producing internal hemorrhage in the abdominal cavity .Spontaneous rupture is considered an atraumatic event .It is a rare abdominal emergency that requires both immediate diagnosis and early treatment to ensure patient sur... | Introduction: Spontaneous splenic rupture is an atraumatic event that represents a rare and life-threatening acute complication in which the spleen is damaged producing internal hemorrhage in the abdominal cavity.Among this subset of patients, chronic myeloid leukemia is one of the main causes.Presentation of case: A 2... |
between these entities on clinical grounds can often be challenging.In this patient, a grade IV splenic rupture was found, according to the spleen damage scale of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma , indicating a laceration of segmental or hilar vessels that produces devascularization of over 25 % of th... | Its association with hematologic malignancies, although a rare occurrence, has been previously described.Computed tomography showed a wedge in the lower third of the spleen (probably associated with infarction), active bleeding, and hemoperitoneum.Laparotomy and splenectomy were performed.Discussion: The most common sy... |
rotenone showed identical results, whereas a high concentration of rotenone exaggerated palmitate-induced cell death and failed to restore mitochondrial function and reduce ROS.We conclude that moderate inhibition of mitochondrial complex І promotes cell survival, which may relate to the recovery of mitochondrial funct... | Lipotoxicity causes hepatic cell death and therefore plays an important role in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Metformin, a first-line anti-diabetic drug, has shown a potential protective effect against NAFLD.In this study, we aim to understand the molecular mechanism of the protective ef... |
machines of rated capacities of around 2000 kW are chosen.Fig. 17 is showing the power curves size of the turbines.The technical specifications are listed in Table 4.The cut in speed of a machine is important and its lower value is indicative of the better performance, in general.In this case, the turbine C has the min... | The purpose of this work is to assess the wind characteristics and wind power potential of Hawke's bay site.The wind parameters of site have been used to calculate the wind power density, annual energy yield, and capacity factors at 30, 60 and 80 m. The five different methods including empirical, maximum likelihood mod... |
Dynamic light scattering characterizes the relaxation time associated with spatially and temporally coherent light scattered from a diffusing ensemble of particles in dispersion.The scattered light is collected at a particular detection angle and the rate at which the particles are diffusing, the diffusion co-efficient... | Sample loading for other capillary-based modalities, such as blood analysis, is typically achieved by dipping the capillary into the bulk sample, however, DLS is exquisitely sensitive to static scattering such as from a fluid meniscus or sample dried on the outside of the capillary and is sometimes used for extended me... |
minimal loss.However, a primary issue with pipetting into the 1.0 mm cross section capillary was that significant care was needed to avoid abandoning the drop on the capillary wall.Looking to Fig. 5, it was found that volumes of less than 3.0 μl were difficult to wick across the capillary cross section, becoming abando... | Capillary dynamic light scattering (DLS) is a new, simple and enabling technique, that increases the size range of DLS by over an order of magnitude in a cheap, disposable, but high optical quality, glass capillary.In this work, we carefully validate capillary dipping and sealing with a clay plug for DLS against refere... |
charged S−−, S−/+ or S−.OVA conjugation with the f-MWNTs yielded MWNTs-OVA of increased negativity.This was in agreement with work reported by de Faria et al. where an increase in the negativity of oxidized MWNT following conjugation with OVA was observed .This could be due to the acidic amino acids content of OVA.Fade... | Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have shown marked capabilities in enhancing antigen delivery to antigen presenting cells.However, proper understanding of how altering the physical properties of CNTs may influence antigen uptake by antigen presenting cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), has not been established yet.We hypothes... |
The determination of membrane electrical resistance is an easy and fast method to verify the integrity of human epidermis samples used in in vitro permeation tests .The resistance values of epidermis samples obtained from three human donors ranged from 25.3 to 56.0 kΩcm2, immediately after being mounted on Franz’s diff... | The data presented in this article are related to the research article entitled “Design of in vitro skin permeation studies according to the EMA Guideline on quality of transdermal patches” (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2018.09.014) (Cilurzo et al., 2018) [1].In vitro permeation studies are generally carried out by F... |
Leishmaniasis is a parasitic vector-borne disease, caused by the flagellate protozoa of the genus Leishmania, and transmitted by the bite of an infected female of sandflies.In Morocco, cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis are endemic and are classified in the list of compulsory-declared diseases.Cutaneous leishmaniasis... | Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) due to Leishmania tropica is a major health problem in Tadla-Azilal focus, Morocco, where the first case was registered, here, in one locality named Tanant in 1987.So far, CL remains endemic and largely widespread.The objective of this study was to analyze the current eco-epidemiological si... |
of the disease in the urban area of Fquih Ben Salah city, and in some High-mountains region at Zaouiat Ahansal, Aghbala and Agouti.The period between 2013 and 2014 marked a phase of regression with a net and significant decrease in the number of CL cases.The presence of the disease in endemic areas was remarkable in 36... | CL has spread, from the historical focus in Azilal along two axes; one to the Northeastern Mountains and the other to the Northwestern plains.CL infected both genders and all ages, with large number of women (53%) and children (75% had <9 years old).More interestingly, age range at risk was larger within females than m... |
known diversity of serovar Enteritidis.Finally, the availability of web-based analyses platforms enables these high-resolution analyses to be conducted with minimal requirements for locally installed bioinformatics infrastructure.The following are the supplementary data related to this article.Core genome neighbour-joi... | Multi-country outbreaks of foodborne bacterial disease present challenges in their detection, tracking, and notification.This increases the need for high-resolution, accessible, and replicable isolate typing schemes.Here we evaluate a core genome multilocus typing (cgMLST) scheme for the high-resolution reproducible ty... |
strain an immunizing dose of 103.5 TCID50 was considered desirable for field vaccination campaigns.However, these recommendations may be out-of-date and the efficacy of the vaccine should be re-tested by a challenge experiment in a controlled environment, using sufficiently sensitive testing methods such as real-time P... | Lumpy skin disease is of significant economic impact for the cattle industry in Africa.The disease is currently spreading aggressively in the Near East, posing a threat of incursion to Europe and Asia.Due to cross-protection within the Capripoxvirus genus, sheep pox virus (SPPV) vaccines have been widely used for cattl... |
Fumitremorgin.Therefore, cryopreservation for 1 week in the vapour phase of liquid nitrogen with 5% PD preserved a population of cells which exhibited Verapamil and Fumitremorgin-dependant efflux of Hoechst.Hoechst is known to be extruded by the ABCG2 channel, a human stem cell marker which is highly conserved across t... | Limbal stem cell (LSC) deficiency causes progressive loss of vision but may be treated by transplant of autologous LSCs.Cryopreservation has the potential to indefinitely extend the lifespan of LSCs allowing re-transplant in case of graft failure.In this study, we aimed to identify the optimal cryoprotectant and cryopr... |
activity should consider the role of UGT enzymes in metabolism of endogenous substrates such as bilirubin, bile acids, lipid acids, steroid and thyroid hormones.Another aspect is the glucuronidation of xenobiotics, including environmental pollutants and therapeutic agents .There are also reports on the role of differen... | The present studies aimed to know its biotransformation with phase II enzymes – UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) and its potential to be engaged in drug-drug interactions arising from the modulation of UGT activity.Methods: UGT-mediated transformations with rat liver (RLM), human liver (HLM), and human intestine (HI... |
children’s rights.If we were to treat energy as a right – because it is instrumental in the realisation of a fulfilling life – then it follows that we must also recognise the differential energy needs of certain groups.Social researchers and law experts are beginning to explore the implications of such an approach for ... | The concept of energy justice has brought philosophies of ethics and principles of social justice to bear on a range of contemporary energy issues.More inter-disciplinary and applied endeavours are now needed to take this field forward.One such application is to the issue of fuel poverty and the challenge of retrofitti... |
of the H2:N2 pre-treated material in the range ca 37.5–50° 2θ shows a possible broad feature distinctly difference with respect to its H2:Ar pre-treated counterpart.Such a feature may be attributed to rhenium nitride, as reported elsewhere .However, post-reaction nitrogen analyses undertaken by combustion upon both sam... | Pre-treatments under 3:1 H<inf>2</inf>:N<inf>2</inf> and 3:1 H<inf>2</inf>:Ar atmospheres are shown to influence catalytic performance with the latter treatment leading to an induction period prior to development of activity upon switching to an ammonia synthesis feedstream.The difference in behaviour between the two p... |
that a layer with a significantly different electron density and much smaller thickness has formed either at the surface of the ceria layer or at the interface between the ceria layer and the substrate.To obtain a good fit of the reflectivity curve after annealing, an additional, 0.9 nm thick, diffuse layer with slight... | 25 nm thick Gd-doped ceria thin films were grown on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrates with (110) and (111) orientation by pulsed laser deposition to study both their crystalline structure and interfacial stability.Upon reduction due to the annealing in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV), both samples showed an increase i... |
seed scale-up and deployment in the region.Recent estimates of genetic gain in grain yield within the ESA hybrid maize breeding pipeline of CIMMYT under experimental conditions over a ten-year period were estimated at 109.4, 32.5, 22.7, 20.9 and 141.3 Mg ha−1 yr−1 under optimal conditions, managed drought, random droug... | Over the past decade extensive progress has been made on the development and delivery of climate-resilient maize.Significant progress is also being made with regard to the development and deployment of elite heat-tolerant maize varieties in South Asia.Increased genetic gain in grain yield under stress-prone environment... |
after consumption, treatment reduced wanting for sweet to a greater extent compared to other kinds of snacks.There was also an earlier onset; wanting for sweet was reduced from 15 minutes following breakfast and onwards, in comparison to wanting for salty and sweet-and-fat snacks, which were reduced from 60 minutes res... | Green-plant membranes, thylakoids, have previously been found to increase postprandial release of the satiety hormone GLP-1, implicated in reward signaling.The purpose of this study was to investigate how treatment with a single dose of thylakoids before breakfast affects homeostatic as well as hedonic hunger, measured... |
obtained, and won”.Collectivism also applies to assuring environmental justice for everyone, an aim that is endorsed by increasing demand for public participation in environmental decision-making.As we have shown in this paragraph, social justice plays a fundamental role in determining how to address the crisis and its... | This contribution sets out to combine the perspective of the degrowth paradigm with that of Critical Community psychology.Following the degrowth argument, the advancement of human well-being calls for a shift from growth-based societies to ones grounded in the ethos of degrowth.In this regard, we acknowledge the necess... |
Fibroblast growth factor signaling plays a fundamental role in embryonic organogenesis.Especially the development of the lungs and limbs is highly dependent on the interaction between epithelial and mesenchymal cells regulated by FGF signaling.FGFs bind to alternatively spliced isoforms of four FGF receptors, which ini... | Intracellular transport of membranous organelles and protein complexes to various destinations is fundamental to signaling transduction and cellular function.In this study, we show that deletion of Lis1 in developing lung endoderm and limb mesenchymal cells causes agenesis of the lungs and limbs.Thus, our studies ident... |
incubated with antibody and protein A/G beads.After several washes with lysis buffer, the immunocomplexes were analyzed by western blotting.The surface biotinylation assay was performed using the Pierce cell surface protein isolation kit following the manufacturer’s protocol.Cells were lysed in 1× SDS sample buffer and... | The cytoplasmic dynein motor and its regulatory proteins LIS1 and NDE1 are required for transporting a variety of cellular cargos along the microtubule network. |
over the duration of the cardiac cycle.Delayed triggered contrast-enhanced sequences facilitate good opacification of the coronary venous tree, and volume-rendered reconstructions can delineate the course of potential venous targets before implantation.This may be particularly advantageous as coronary venous anatomy is... | Background Optimal lead positioning is an important determinant of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) response.Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate cardiac computed tomography (CT) selection of the optimal epicardial vein for left ventricular (LV) lead placement by targeting regions of late mechanic... |
We investigate the combination of actor-critic reinforcement learning algorithms with uniform large-scale experience replay and propose solutions for two challenges: efficient actor-critic learning with experience replay stability of very off-policy learning.We employ those insights to accelerate hyper-parameter sweeps... | We investigate and propose solutions for two challenges in reinforcement learning: (a) efficient actor-critic learning with experience replay (b) stability of very off-policy learning. |
et al.,26 sexual maturation seems to have an effect on blood pressure and acts primarily on body size.They found a strong correlation between height, body weight, and lean body mass with systolic blood pressure for both boys and girls and with diastolic blood pressure just for girls.In our study, higher diastolic blood... | Objective To describe the between fat mass index and fat-free mass index values and factors associated with cardiovascular risk in adolescents in the city of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais.Anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical measurements were obtained, as well as self-reported time spent performing physical exercises... |
in their IgE-binding capacity.38,A direct comparison between RBL-2H3 cells and primary human basophils showed no response from RBL-2H3 cells after sensitization with sera from a patient with chronic urticaria, despite primary basophils showing a strong response under the same conditions, further underlining the drawbac... | Background: Food allergy is an increasing public health issue and the most common cause of life-threatening anaphylactic reactions.Conventional allergy tests assess for the presence of allergen-specific IgE, significantly overestimating the rate of true clinical allergy and resulting in overdiagnosis and adverse effect... |
reported that co-inoculation of strains has enhanced root growth, shoot biomass, N% as well as total plant nitrogen in many crops .Similarly, co-inoculations have considerably increased the yields as compared to single inoculation in soybean, pea, chickpea, groundnut, mungbean and in other crops .There are several repo... | Aims: Current study was aimed to produce nitrogen fixing Azotobacter sp.(SR-4) and phosphorus solubilizers Aspergillus niger (A. niger) and to evaluate their efficiency as biofertilizers for agricultural practices.Methods: Two biofertilizer including nitrogen fixing and phosphorus solubilizing were grown.The nitrogen f... |
to predict type 1 diabetes.For this study, we subcloned the original OPG cDNA into a high efficiency in vitro transcription translation plasmid.Protein A Sepharose was used to bind autoantibodies against radiolabeled OPG.Protein A is produced by Staphylococcous aureus has the size of 42 kDa and contains five domains wh... | Purpose Autoantibodies against osteoprotegerin (OPG) have been associated with osteoporosis.The aim was to develop an immunoassay for OPG autoantibodies and test their diagnostic usefulness of identifying women general population with low bone mineral density.Methods Included were 698 women at mean age 55.1 years (rang... |
will show a nociceptive withdrawal reflex.This occurs due to a reflex arc from the stimulus of the stick causing receptors to be excited.By exciting an afferent nerve, one or more interneurons in the central nervous system, and an efferent neuron this reflex arc can occur through communication with only the spinal cord... | The objective of this study was to assess the effects of captive bolt length and breed type on post-stun leg activity in cattle.Hind limb kicking, forelimb activity, take away belt stops, carcass swing and number of knife sticks during exsanguination were recorded for each animal from video recording.Hind limb and fore... |
Recurrent neural networks are a powerful tool for modeling sequential data.Despite their widespread usage, understanding how RNNs solve complex problems remains elusive. Here, we characterize how popular RNN architectures perform document-level sentiment classification.Despite their theoretical capacity to implement co... | We analyze recurrent networks trained on sentiment classification, and find that they all exhibit approximate line attractor dynamics when solving this task. |
analytical tool-kits designed for co-production of information with the users of the analyses.Indeed, a meaningful analysis of urban energy metabolism must necessarily be based on a complex information space, linking diverse aspects at different scales and levels.The multi-level analysis provided by the end-use matrix ... | The extreme degree of openness of contemporary urban systems with regard to both economy and population creates a serious challenge for the study of urban energy metabolism.A novel tool based on Multi-Scale Integrated Analysis of Societal and Ecosystem Metabolism (MuSIASEM) is proposed to overcome these challenges.It c... |
and RA/NT2N neuron.The area of nuclei was selected on the corresponding stack with the wand tool of ImageJ and then measured.Unhealthy or fragmented nuclei and false-positive particles were excluded from the analysis.Cell somata were manually outlined and their area measured.When the boundaries were not clearly defined... | NTERA2/D1 human teratocarcinoma progenitors induced to differentiate into postmitotic neurons by either long-term treatment with retinoic acid or short-term treatment with the nucleoside analog cytosine β-D-arabinofuranoside were subjected to morphometric analysis and compared.Our data provide a methodological and conc... |
by Rösler et al.Consequently, p-coumaric acid remains a crossroad in the synthesis of most phenylpropanoids.The accumulation of the proline level was observed mainly in lettuce leaves in response to the methanol siliquae extract of C. arabica.However, in roots this accumulation was reduced in the presence of all tested... | In this study, we report the allelochemicals stress of aqueous (15. g/L) and methanol (6. g/L) extracts of leaves Capparis spinosa L. and siliquae of Cleome arabica L. on the cytological, physiological and biochemical processes of lettuce.The results showed that aqueous extracts exhibited the mainly cytotoxic effect on... |
simply selecting “Calculate >>”.In some cases text and labels were manually added for clarity.With the release of FactSage 7.1 it will be possible to calculate Scheil–Gulliver phase diagrams showing the phases which result when a system is cooled under Scheil–Gulliver conditions.Classical Eh–pH diagrams are not true ph... | The FactSage computer package consists of a series of information, calculation and manipulation modules that enable one to access and manipulate compound and solution databases.With the various modules running under Microsoft Windows® one can perform a wide variety of thermochemical calculations and generate tables, gr... |
Convolutional neural networks have become the most successful and popular approach in many vision-related domains.While CNNs are particularly well-suited for capturing a proper hierarchy of concepts from real-world images, they are limited to domains where data is abundant.Recent attempts have looked into mitigating th... | We propose a novel approach for connecting task-specific networks in a multi-task learning setting based on recent residual network advances. |
In a time of increasing threats and decreasing financial resources, it has become more challenging than ever to monitor and control all possible foodborne hazards at the same time and to the same extent.Consequently, attention is being increasingly directed on methods that enable decision makers to focus on the most im... | In a time of increasing threats and decreasing financial resources, monitoring and controlling all possible foodborne hazards at the same time and to the same extent has become more challenging than ever.For health impact assessment, measures of population health such as disease occurrence and number of deaths; Disabil... |
relative ranking of the other pathogens that are the same.Likewise, different criteria will result in different values being expressed.To conclude, we want to present three general considerations when designing a risk ranking exercise of foodborne parasites.Whose ranking perspective?,The aim of risk ranking exercises i... | Therefore, attention is increasingly being paid to the so-called “risk ranking” methods that enable decision makers to focus on the most important foodborne hazards — even when time is limited and knowledge incomplete.In this review paper, we provide an overview of the most common quantitative methods and metrics used ... |
We aimed to characterize human glomeruli with intermediate and advanced sclerotic lesions by label-free quantitative proteomic approach in combination with laser microdissection.Macroscopically normal kidney tissues were obtained from patients who underwent nephrectomy due to urological cancers.Sclerotic glomeruli, whi... | Human glomeruli with intermediate (i-GS) and advanced (GS) sclerotic lesions as well as the normal control (Nor) were captured from laser microdissection, digested by trypsin and subjected to shotgun LC-MS/MS analysis (LTQ-Orbitrap XL).The label-free quantification was performed using the Normalized Spectral Index (SIN... |
Sparsely available data points cause a numerical error on finite differences which hinder to modeling the dynamics of physical systems.The discretization error becomes even larger when the sparse data are irregularly distributed so that the data defined on an unstructured grid, making it hard to build deep learning mod... | We propose physics-aware difference graph networks designed to effectively learn spatial differences to modeling sparsely-observed dynamics. |
culture models and chemical toxification of mitochondria has allowed the elucidation of the molecular mechanism by which PINK1 and Parkin signal the degradation of mitochondrial components, although initial attempts to translate these findings to neurons and animal models was controversial.However, there is now mountin... | Mitochondria are essential organelles that provide cellular energy and buffer cytoplasmic calcium.At the same time they produce damaging reactive oxygen species and sequester pro-apoptotic factors.Hence, eukaryotes have evolved exquisite homeostatic processes that maintain mitochondrial integrity, or ultimately remove ... |
Streptococcus pneumoniae is responsible for a substantial burden of disease, accountable for approximately 1.6 million deaths annually worldwide .In developed countries, the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease is between 8 and 75 cases per 100,000 individuals , with studies showing that most IPD is attributable ... | Introduction: The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Prevenar®, Wyeth; PCV7) was introduced to the UK paediatric immunisation schedule in 2006.This study investigates trends in serotypes and multi locus sequence types (STs) among cases of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in Scotland prior to, and following, th... |
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