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was observed in Haase et al., a temporal and spatial analysis of five urban ecosystem services, where synergies were also found between similar combinations of services.Where studies have looked for associations between ecosystem services they have quite often found low or negative correlations.However, these studies h... | The provision of ecosystem services depends on the existence of greenspace.Urban morphology is potentially an important influence on ecosystem services.Urban greenspace with a mixture of land covers allowed areas of high production of multiple services in the city centre and edges.But crucially the detection of such 'h... |
own in-house software in .Numerous WAMPAC applications previously developed in KTH SmarTS-Lab utilize another in-house developed IEEE Std C37.118.2-2011 protocol parser named S3DK .However, in principle all of these WAMPAC applications can be developed using BabelFish.From the wide-area monitoring perspective, these ap... | BabelFish (BF) is a real-time data mediator for development and fast prototyping of synchrophasor applications.BF is compliant with the synchrophasor data transmission IEEE Std C37.118.2-2011.BF establishes a TCP/IP connection with any Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) or Phasor Data Concentrator (PDC) stream and parses th... |
with signaling outcome critically determined by the ratio of c-FLIP isoforms to procaspase-8.The Supplemental Experimental Procedures detail expression constructs, antibodies, western blot analysis, apoptosis assays, in vitro GST pull downs, and LC-MS/MS analysis.Complete reconstitutions were carried out as described, ... | DISC assembly and activation are controlled by c-FLIP isoforms, which function as pro-apoptotic (c-FLIPL only) or anti-apoptotic (c-FLIPL/c-FLIPS) regulators of procaspase-8 activation.Current models assume that c-FLIP directly competes with procaspase-8 for recruitment to FADD.Using a functional reconstituted DISC, st... |
Due to the unique magnetic properties of cobalt, there is a considerable interest in the application of this metal in the production of electrochemically deposited layers.The mechanism and kinetics of these layers nucleation , different types of electrolytic baths and a number of potential applications of such structur... | Residual stresses, microstructure and the surface topography of a substrate play a crucial role in the optimization of any electrodeposition process.To address this significant but often neglected problem, a detailed research focused on investigation of residual stresses in a Cu polycrystalline substrate electrochemica... |
elastic constants given in Table 2, taking into account ODFs presented in Fig. 5.The stresses and their uncertainties were calculated using least square procedure in which the interplanar spacings were adjusted to experimental values ).The analysis of stress uncertainties was performed assuming the same experimental un... | While the standard X-ray diffraction method showed insignificant residual stress in the Cu substrate, the multireflection X-ray diffraction methodology allowed us to determine small compressive depth-dependent residual stresses in Cu, close to the interface, when thin Co coating was deposited.Those stresses relaxed for... |
While real brain networks exhibit functional modularity, we investigate whether functional mod- ularity also exists in Deep Neural Networks trained through back-propagation.Under the hypothesis that DNN are also organized in task-specific modules, in this paper we seek to dissect a hidden layer into disjoint groups of ... | We develop an approach to parcellate a hidden layer in DNN into functionally related groups, by applying spectral coclustering on the attribution scores of hidden neurons. |
Sampling was described in detail in our previous work .Briefly, PM10 was sampled in Tehran, Iran.Sampling was done as 24 h using a high-volume sampler included fiberglass filter.Firstly, filters were heated for 2 h at 180 °C and maintained in a dark and dry place.Then, they were weighed with an analytical balance befor... | The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has defined outdoor air pollution and PM as the human carcinogen (Group 1), which mainly cause an increased risk of lung cancer.Scientists have considered epigenetic modifications as a possible mechanism to deal with adverse effects of air pollution.This study aime... |
produce higher effective population size and average number of alleles per locus; however, this increase is associated with reduction in average pairwise kinship, indicating that these parameters operate in opposite directions and thus any desired situation is a trade-off exercise.It seems that the ‘hybrid” scenario is... | A molecular markers-based conservation strategy framework for the endemic endangered Chinese yellowhorn, Xanthoceras sorbifolium, is developed.The method utilizes pairwise kinship coefficients, a measure of genetic similarity/dissimilarity, between individuals and contrasts two simulated mating schemes that either prom... |
significant covariate, was negatively related to both left = −3.46, p = .001) and right = −3.69, p = 4.58e-04) IFG thickness.A significant BMI by DD interaction indicated reduced triangular IFG thickness with increasing BMI and increasing discounting; however, this effect was limited to the left hemisphere = 2.55, p = ... | Here, we examined the relationship between age, body mass index (BMI) and cortical thickness (CT) in healthy adolescents (n = 70; 14–19 y) and adults (n = 75; 25–45 y).A significant age-by-BMI interaction was observed in both adolescents and adults; however, the direction of this relationship differed between age group... |
node for goal-directed, dietary decision-making, where functional activity of the region was positively associated with dietary adherence.We examined associations between delay discounting, and thickness of two subregions of the IFG, a cortical area thought to enable braking or full stopping of response tendencies.Cont... | Overweight and obesity are associated with functional and structural alterations in the brain, but how these associations change across critical developmental periods remains unknown.Although DD was unrelated to adiposity in both groups, increased DD and adiposity were both associated with reduced IFG thickness in adol... |
starchy endosperm.It is therefore of interest to determine how their compositions compare with those of pearling fractions, so that mill streams can be more efficiently recombined to produce flours with specific characteristics.In order to answer this question González-Thuillier et al. compared the lipid compositions o... | The starchy endosperm of the mature wheat grain comprises three major cell types, namely sub-aleurone cells, prismatic cells and central cells, which differ in their contents of functional components: gluten proteins, starch, cell wall polysaccharides (dietary fibre) and lipids.Gradients are established during grain de... |
Information in Reactome is captured from published scientific literature by using postgraduate curators.Every new event undergoes peer review by domain experts and cites reference publications that contain the original experimental data used to determine the event details.Publications that report experiments conducted ... | Alongside publications that contain definitive experimental discoveries are many others that have been dismissed as spurious, found to be irreproducible, or are contradicted by later results and consequently now considered controversial.All newly created events undergo a peer-review process before they are added to the... |
recent classification of Akdis et al,2 which places IL-27 in the IL-12 family."The formal data model embodied in Reactome's representation of pathways makes its content consistent and computationally accessible.This content is available programmatically through a REST-based content service and as a Neo4J graph database... | Background: There is a wealth of biological pathway information available in the scientific literature, but it is spread across many thousands of publications.Many descriptions and images of pathways are incomplete stylized representations that assume the reader is an expert and familiar with the established details of... |
Some anthropogenic noise is now considered a global pollutant.As well as featuring in national and international legislation, mounting evidence shows that anthropogenic noise can impact behaviour and physiology in at least some species from a broad range of taxa.However, response variables in the majority of experiment... | Some anthropogenic noise is now considered pollution, with evidence building that noise from human activities such as transportation, construction and exploration can impact behaviour and physiology in a broad range of taxa.We conducted a field-based experiment at Moorea Island to investigate how repeated exposure to p... |
longer observed during motorboat passes in repeat measures of the same fish, and OBR increased less in response to motorboat-noise playback.Perhaps as a consequence, we found that motorboat-noise playback did not cause chronic stress responses: size, mass, condition and baseline cortisol levels were not significantly d... | However, relatively little research has considered the effects of repeated or chronic noise; extended exposures may result in habituation or sensitisation, and thus changes in response.We found that juvenile D. trimaculatus increased hiding behaviour during motorboat noise after two days of repeated exposure, but no lo... |
Many large text collections exhibit graph structures, either inherent to the content itself or encoded in the metadata of the individual documents.Example graphs extracted from document collections are co-author networks, citation networks, or named-entity-cooccurrence networks.Furthermore, social networks can be extra... | Dimensionality reduction algorithm to visualise text with network information, for example an email corpus or co-authorships. |
Many ordinary manual tasks, like grabbing a cup of coffee to drink, are comprised of a sequence of actions, or action phases.Each action phase has a goal representing a task subgoal.Skilled manipulation requires the capability to accurately specify the motor commands necessary to achieve the task subgoals, and to predi... | Most everyday manual tasks, like grabbing a cup of coffee to drink, are comprised of a sequence of action phases.Efficient phase transitions, or linking, are achieved using a predictive control policy where motor commands for the next phase are specified and released in anticipation of sensory confirmation of goal comp... |
based on perceptual features before parietal areas specifies the movement plan.This finding suggests that perceptual processing precedes visuomotor processing during movement planning.Speculatively, our lateral occipital activations may represent processing of perceptual visual features identifying the next target, ren... | However, we lack understanding about brain activations supporting such predictive linking and corrective actions in manual tasks.We found that predictive linking of action phases was associated with increased activation in a network that included right-sided fronto-parietal areas related to visuospatial attention, eye ... |
in distinct regions within the shoot apex and show differential genetic interactions with meristem regulators such as the stem cell promoting factor WUSCHEL .AIL7/PLT7 is expressed in stem cells in the meristem center, while ANT and AIL6/PLT3 are expressed in the meristem periphery suggesting that meristem termination ... | Growth at the root tip and organ generation at the shoot tip depend on the proper functioning of apical meristems and the transitioning of meristematic cell descendants from a proliferating state to cell elongation and differentiation.Here we highlight the importance of an AIL/PLT protein gradient in controlling distin... |
The ability to design biological structures such as DNA or proteins would have considerable medical and industrial impact.Doing so presents a challenging black-box optimization problem characterized by the large-batch, low round setting due to the need for labor-intensive wet lab evaluations.In response, we propose usi... | We augment model-free policy learning with a sequence-level surrogate reward functions and count-based visitation bonus and demonstrate effectiveness in the large batch, low-round regime seen in designing DNA and protein sequences. |
Intraplate orogens are less common than orogens at plate margins but their significance in tectonics is increasingly recognized.Intraplate orogens are highly susceptible to repeated tectonic activity which is commonly considered to be a far-field response to events at plate margins.The Petermann and Alice Springs oroge... | The tectonic history of the Proterozoic Capricorn Orogen, Western Australia, records complex intraplate reworking lasting nearly one billion years.Although the Paleo-Mesoproterozoic reworking history is well defined in the crystalline basement of the Gascoyne Province, at the western end of the orogen, the younger reac... |
Mesoproterozoic tectonism with recent evidence showing that the Ti Tree Shear Zone was active during the 1320–1170 Ma Mutherbukin Tectonic Event.The Neoproterozoic reactivation is best preserved within discrete structures whereas the adjacent low-grade greenschist rocks lack any distinct Neoproterozoic deformation fabr... | Our results when combined with previously published data, show that reactivation occurred between 920 and 830 Ma.Furthermore, Neoproterozoic U-Pb phosphate ages are known from the bounding cratons and faulting within the adjacent Mesoproterozoic sedimentary basins suggest this event is of regional significance.In contr... |
into vegetation.On the basis that sulphur isotopes provide evidence for a rapid response of tree ring records to atmospheric forcing and a high pollutant load in this locale which has prevailed since the 1980s, the peak of sulphur concentration in the most recent growth is likely the result of a bio-physical process of... | Palaeorecords which depict changes in sulphur dynamics form an invaluable resource for recording atmospheric pollution.Comparison with speleothem records from the same location demonstrate replication, albeit offset in isotopic value due to groundwater storage.Using EA-IRMS, tree ring archives form a valuable resource ... |
permeability is proportional to the magnetic flux density .On the other hand, the high-temperature annealing is crucial for strain relaxation and enhanced permeability .For the sample annealing at 600 ℃, the decline in the real part of permeability may be caused by the conversion from Fe3O4 to FeO.The imaginary part of... | It is well know that the high temperature annealing can improve the permeability and reduce the hysteresis loss of soft magnetic composites (SMCs), but the eddy current loss would be accordingly increased.Thus, developing SMCs with high permeability and low core loss remains a challenge.Herein, we prepared a kind of Fe... |
Animals, including humans, obtain information about the outside world through their five senses.Although five basic tastes have been identified, others such as pungent, harsh, and astringent also play an important role in evaluating the food we ingest.Sweet, salty, and umami tastes tell us that the substances contain n... | However, little is known regarding the specific mechanisms and brain activity associated with the perception of astringency.In the present study, we aimed to clarify these mechanisms using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in conjunction with taste stimuli, and to investigate the association between subjecti... |
pallidum, and between preference for astringent beverages and BOLD responsivity during astringent stimuli in the right insula.In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the brain regions associated with the recognition and discrimination of astringency.This mechanism has not been clarified in humans.To achieve this ai... | Previous studies have investigated mechanisms of the perception of the five basic tastes at the peripheral and neural levels.Brain activation to bitter and sweet taste was observed in the insula.Each of the three tastes activated a different region of the insula.Also, a subregion in the right anterior insula responded ... |
investigating the peripheral neural mechanisms of the perception of astringency are needed to determine whether astringency is a taste or an oral sensation.Although in this study, the right ventral anterior insula, which is part of the primary gustatory cortex, showed the strongest BOLD response to astringent stimuli, ... | In addition, the right ventral anterior insula, which is part of the primary gustatory cortex, showed the strongest blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response to astringent stimuli.Moreover, we observed relationships between the BOLD responsivity during astringent, sweet, and bitter stimuli and the participant's drin... |
play important roles in determining the variation in the degree of household vulnerability in the community and the effectiveness of climate policies.Findings from NHSD demonstrate a common problem, that policy does not benefit the most vulnerable households.All policies that have been discussed related to enhancing cl... | There is a critical need to assess vulnerability to inform both scientific debates and policy makers in facilitating adaptation and coping strategies at different scales.At household scale, results indicate large variation in the degree of vulnerability to climate change among households in the same agro-climate zone.T... |
with protection from Mtb infection and pulmonary TB, respectively .These studies could be modeled on immune correlate studies of the RV144 vaccine for HIV, which compared the results of several standardized and validated assays .Even though tetramers are available for CD1, MR1, and HLA-E, very few of these have been in... | Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) prevents extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and death among infants but fails to consistently and sufficiently prevent pulmonary TB in adults.Thus, TB remains the leading infectious cause of death worldwide, and new vaccine approaches are urgently needed.T-cells are impor... |
in a decrease and an increase in JNK1 in the LNZ TA when compared to LNZ contralateral control.However HFES resulted in a decrease in JNK1 in the OSXZ TA when compared to contralateral OXSZ control.TA basal JNK2 content was lower in the OSXZ when compared to LNZ.HFES resulted in a decrease and an increase in JNK2 in th... | Anaerobic exercise has been advocated as a prescribed treatment for the management of diabetes: however, alterations in exercise-induced signaling remain largely unexplored in the diabetic muscle.Here, we compare the basal and the in situ contraction-induced phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAP... |
which the Ki value was comparable to the reported one .In general, all of the synthesised compounds showed high binding affinity to MDM2, and this was especially true for compounds 1b, 2b, 1f, 2f, 1h and 2h, which exhibited superior or comparable activity to nutlin-3a.Unexpectedly, of all the synthesised compounds, 1b ... | The hit optimisation identified several compounds with more potent activity than the hit compound and the positive drug nutlin-3a, especially compound 1b, which exhibited both the highest binding affinity to MDM2 (K i = 0.093 μM) and the most potent antiproliferative activity against HCT116 (wild type p53) cells (GI50 ... |
the appropriate peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody.The immunoreactive bands were visualised using the ECL Plus Western Blotting Detection System.Beta-actin was used as a loading control.HCT116 cells were seeded at 2 × 105 cells/well in 6-well plates and cultured for 48 h. Next, the cells were incubated with the t... | Additionally, 1b dose-dependently inhibited tumour growth in BALB/c mice bearing CT26 colon carcinoma, with no visible sign of toxicity. |
To understand the inner work of deep neural networks and provide possible theoretical explanations, we study the deep representations through the untrained, random weight CNN-DCN architecture.As a convolutional AutoEncoder, CNN indicates the portion of a convolutional neural network from the input to an intermediate co... | We investigate the deep representation of untrained, random weight CNN-DCN architectures, and show their image reconstruction quality and possible applications. |
The data are contained in the folder "Trev HTMLs" and within this folder are three items: two folders and an Index.html.The data are designed to be uncompressed in a single location, where hyperlinks use relative file path names to navigate the set of files.Clicking on the top-level Index.html link will provide informa... | This article contains data related to the research articles “Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Gene Expression during Growth and Fusion of the Mouse Facial Prominences” (Feng et al., 2009) [1] and “Systems Biology of facial development: contributions of ectoderm and mesenchyme” (Hooper et al., 2017 In press) [2].Embryon... |
In the 21st century, there were three large-scale outbreaks in human populations caused by emerging coronaviruses: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome outbreak in 2003; Middle East Respiratory Syndrome outbreak in 2012 primarily in the Middle East Saudi Arabian Peninsula region; and MERS outbreak in 2015 primarily in Sou... | Mathematical models that represented how contact tracing and follow-up may control Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) transmissions were developed for evaluating different infection control interventions, estimating likely number of infections as well as facilitating un... |
resources allocation and effort prioritization along with political and social resistance.Future research questions need addressing are how many resources are required and how to prioritize the resources to contain the diseases.No one-size guideline is available for containment of both SARS and MERS or other emerging c... | The emergence and reemergence of coronavirus epidemics sparked renewed concerns from global epidemiology researchers and public health administrators.A major concern identified in future epidemics is whether public health administrators can collect all the required data for building epidemiological models in a short pe... |
between contiguous altitudinal belts, and high between distant ones.However, there is a particular point along the gradient, at 500 m, where species turnover is particularly high.This indicates that changes in species composition along the gradient are not gradual.These non-linear patterns seem to be very common in the... | Cacti are important elements of the flora in many ecosystems of the Americas.However, the factors that determine their richness and composition are not well known, particularly at the regional scale.The aim of this work was to study the patterns of cactus richness (both species and growth forms) and composition in the ... |
age, medical risk at birth also has implications for the care infants receive during the initial hospitalization as well as subsequent re-hospitalizations.That is, infants often experience longer hospitalizations when they are born at younger gestational ages or at higher medical risk.Although we asked individuals whet... | However, few studies have examined how these adults felt about their lives or how personality affected these associations.11,592 preterm and 51,460 full term adults completed online surveys measuring their subjective well-being (life, relationship and job satisfaction, and health). |
Diarrheal disease is one of the leading causes of child mortality globally, and rotavirus is responsible for more than a third of those deaths .While there is some variation in global mortality estimates by source, rotavirus mortality has fallen dramatically over the past two decades.In 2000, the number of deaths due t... | Introduction Diarrheal disease is a leading cause of child mortality globally, and rotavirus is responsible for more than a third of those deaths.Despite substantial decreases, the number of rotavirus deaths in children under five was 215,000 per year in 2013.Of these deaths, approximately 41% occurred in Asia and 3% o... |
high mortality scenario to $1514/DALY averted in the low mortality scenario.Cost per death and cases averted are also contained in the table.In each scenario, rotavirus vaccination will avert thousands of deaths, DALYs, millions of cases and visits, as well as millions in health costs while also incurring millions of v... | Three mortality scenarios (low, high, and midpoint) were assessed.Model inputs were locally acquired and complemented by internationally validated estimates.Conclusion The discounted cost per DALY averted was less than the GDP per capita for nearly all scenarios considered, indicating that a routine rotavirus vaccinati... |
evidence of conflict between the two sources and the potential for unaccounted sampling and ascertainment biases in both the serological testing data and clinical case estimates was explored through sensitivity analyses explicitly modelling the biases in Presanis et al.The possibility of multiple sources of data, depen... | Public health-related decision-making on policies aimed at controlling epidemics is increasingly evidence-based, exploiting multiple sources of data.Policy makers rely on complex models that are required to be robust, realistically approximating epidemics and consistent with all relevant data.Meeting these requirements... |
is limited due to their long-term instability and restricted use to aqueous solutions.No significant inhibitory effect was seen on the growth of M. psychrotolerans even at the highest concentration tested for both biogenic and non-biogenic copper nanoparticles.Copper ions showed an inhibitory effect on M. psychrotolera... | In nanoparticle production there are a number of important considerations that must be made.Producing nanoparticles of uniform size and shape is vital, but no less important is ensuring the production process is as efficient as possible in time, cost and energy.Traditional chemical and physical methods of nanoparticle ... |
0.761, p = 0.463) but the palatability of casein was elevated relative to maltodextrin in protein-restricted rats = 2.688, p = 0.021).In addition, the number of clusters was also influenced by the state of protein-restriction as two way ANOVA revealed a main effect of Solution = 5.677, p = 0.026) and an interaction bet... | To induce a state of protein restriction, rats were maintained on a low protein diet (5% casein) and compared to control rats on non-restricted diet (20% casein).After two weeks, on alternate conditioning days, rats were given access to either isocaloric casein or maltodextrin solutions that were saccharin-sweetened an... |
of lysine, but these responses take ~ 30 min to emerge and longer if they are required to discriminate between two different amino acids .Interestingly, in this study no evidence of an increase in palatability, assessed by bout size, was observed.In addition, this delayed rather than immediate time course for the devel... | The mechanisms by which intake of dietary protein is regulated are poorly understood despite their potential involvement in determining food choice and appetite.In particular, it is unclear whether protein deficiency results in a specific appetite for protein and whether influences on diet are immediate or develop over... |
Hidradenoma papilliferum is a benign, slow-growing tumor originating from sudoral glands, with apocrine differenciation.It mainly affects women, as itis foundmostly in the vulvar and perineal skin, although there have been reports of rare cases where the tumor occurred in another localization.The most common localizati... | Introduction: Hidradenoma papilliferum, also known as papillary hidradenoma, is a rare tumor of the sudoral glands, that occurs almost exclusively in women, on the vulvar and perineal region.Non-genital papillary hydradenoma is an even more rare occurrence, though some cases have been described in literature.This is a ... |
14% respectively, after 28 days of soaking.Considering the NCL4 samples, at the beginning small variations were observed; then from 3 to 28 days a greater weight loss was measured.These findings confirmed that borate-based glasses have a faster dissolution rate .On the other hand, the degradation process of a bioactive... | Three novel glass compositions, identified as NCL2 (SiO2-based), NCL4 (B2O3-based) and NCL7 (SiO2-based), along with apatite-wollastonite (AW) were processed to form sintered dense pellets, and subsequently evaluated for their in vitro bioactive potential, resulting physico-chemical properties and degradation rate.AW a... |
this review is to provide researchers with comprehensive information, advice, and consensus-based recommendations for performing such measurements in research studies, to describe the limitations so that authors and readers may better assess the quality and implications of studies, and to identify areas where further r... | Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) comprises pathological processes of the small vessels in the brain that may manifest clinically as stroke, cognitive impairment, dementia, or gait disturbance.It is generally accepted that endothelial dysfunction, including blood-brain barrier (BBB) failure, is pivotal in the pathop... |
than in the controls.On the other hand, the complex I activity was not affected by AQP8 knockdown.Concerning the protein expression level, none of the oxidative phosphorylation complexes I–V was affected by AQP8 knockdown.Further, results from Trypanblue assay and LDH assay revealed that AQP8 knockdown had no effect on... | Background: Aquaporin-8 (AQP8), a member of the aquaporin water channel family, is expressed in various tissue and cells, including liver, testis, and pancreas.AQP8 appears to have functions on the plasma membrane and/or on the mitochondrial inner membrane.Mitochondrial AQP8 with permeability for water, H2O2 and NH3 ha... |
likely dependent on the presence of allergy and asthma.Genetic studies are promising and may offer insights into the pathophysiology of CRS, but several factors may be responsible for the associations and should be considered.Phenotyping of patients and controls must be accurate to avoid comparisons of heterogeneous gr... | Introduction Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is a multifactorial disease with a complex pathophysiology involving multiple genetic and environmental factors.Objective The purpose of this work review is to focus on the importance of genetic studies in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps besides the several... |
is particularly important for cofactor function, whereas FH cofactor activity is largely lost without SCR1, implying that the interaction of SCR1 and SCR2 with C3b is crucial for FH regulatory activities.Overall, these data show that the location of a mutation in C3 dictates its impact on FH and MCP interaction with C3... | Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) associates with complement dysregulation caused by mutations and polymorphisms in complement activators and regulators.However, the reasons why some mutations in complement proteins predispose to aHUS are poorly understood.Here, we have investigated the functional consequences ... |
rapidly excreted from circulation in minutes via renal clearance.Therefore, after obtaining a serum resistant aptamer, the plasma half-life and bioavailability of the aptamer in clinical setting is governed by the rate of kidney clearance.The threshold for glomerular filtration is around 10 nm, theoretically, particles... | Aptamers are short single-stranded nucleic acid sequences capable of binding to target molecules in a way similar to antibodies.Aptamers are generated by a process called SELEX.However, the current overall success rate of SELEX is far from being satisfactory, and still presents a major obstacle for aptamer-based resear... |
Paired-end sequence reads were produced by PCR-generated amplicons of the V4 variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene on an Illumina MiSeq.Reads were processed and finally merged by a minimum overlap of 15 base pairs and OTUs were clustered using an identity threshold of 99%.Filtered, absolute abundances of OTUs were ther... | This article contains data of bacterial and archaeal community compositions and process parameters of 16 biogas (BPs) and ten sewage treatment plants (STPs).Nucleic acids of BPs were extracted using a CTAB-based method while a phenol-chloroform-based method was applied for STPs.Amplicon sequencing data of the 16S rRNA ... |
It is widely recognised that crowd dynamics are determined by local interactions between pedestrians and pedestrians and the environment .For example, adaptations in gait patterns associated with collision avoidance can involve intermittent changes in pacing rate, step length and walking velocity.Such behaviour can int... | To alleviate this problem, data on behaviour of individual pedestrians within groups of six walkers with different spatial arrangements are gathered simultaneously with data on dynamic structural response of a footbridge, from a series of measurements utilising wireless motion monitors.It is found that the coordination... |
to be determined based on a single point measurement of bridge response.This is achieved by scaling the measured vibration amplitude according to the ratio of the modal amplitudes at the locations of the measurement point and the pedestrian.Since the method of analysis presented in Section 2.5 relies on phase differenc... | A multi-scale and multi-object interaction phenomena can arise when a group of walking pedestrians crosses a structure capable of exhibiting dynamic response.This is because each pedestrian is an autonomous dynamic system capable of displaying intricate behaviour affected by social, psychological, biomechanical and env... |
old untreated mice compared to 11–12 month old untreated mice.Taken together, our data indicates that although we detect age-related changes in phospho-tau levels in mice, the cisplatin-induced Tau-1 clusters do not contain phospho-tau.Recently, we have shown that cisplatin treatment induces an increase in phospho-tau ... | Cancer and its treatment are associated with neurotoxic side effects, including cognitive dysfunction, altered functional connectivity in the brain and structural abnormalities in white matter.There is evidence that cancer and its treatment can accelerate aging.Tau is a microtubule associated protein that contributes t... |
Human faces convey a number of important properties, such as emotion, gender, age, identity, expression, and ethnicity.During the past few years, a great number of facial image analysis methods were developed in both computer vision and computer security communities .Typical applications include face recognition , faci... | However, little effort has been made to tackle it in computer vision.In this research, we first build a new database, i.e., Facial Beauty Database (FBD), which contains paired facial images of 8933 subjects without and with makeup in different real-world scenarios.To the best of our knowledge, FBD is the largest makeup... |
of DMML and MDMML for makeup face verification with different classifiers on FAM and FBD are shown in Tables 6 and 7, respectively.In experiments, we can notice that the classification models have some effect on the experimental results and different classification models can get similar performance, which can effectiv... | Inspired by the fact that interclass marginal faces are usually more discriminative than interclass nonmarginal faces in learning the discriminative metric space, we use the interclass marginal faces to depict the discriminative information.Simultaneously, we wish that those interclass marginal faces without makeup rel... |
It has been shown that non-specific “exogenous” bacterial RNAs function as a Toll-like receptor 7 ligand and stimulated Th1-biased immune responses in mice, when co-delivered with recombinant antigens or when directly bound by particulate or non-particulate antigens.1–6,Antigen-bound bacterial RNA has an >1,000-fold hi... | Hepatitis B virus (HBV) core (HBV-C) antigens with homologous or heterologous HIV-tat48-57-like (HBV-C149tat) cationic domains non-specifically bind cellular RNA in vector-transfected cells.Antigen-bound cellular RNAs thus function as an endogenous natural adjuvant in in vivo vector-transfected cells, and thus are an a... |
quantitative elimination of Kb/p15E-presenting spleen cells.Using well-defined primer pairs, we could not detect expression of AKV-gp70 mRNA in the thymus or spleen of BALB/c and B6 mice.29,31,37,However, retroviral gp70 mRNA was efficiently expressed in human and murine tumors and tumor cell lines,38 for example, in t... | Here, we investigated whether RNA-binding to cationic domains influences the immunogenicity of endogenously expressed antigens delivered by DNA vaccination.Antigen-bound endogenous RNAs function as a Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR-7) ligand and stimulated priming of K b /p15E-specific CD8 + T cells in B6, but not TLR-7 −/− ... |
dimer+ CD8+ T cell frequencies in the liver was performed as described previously.24,25,Extraction of DNA from liver tissues was described previously.24,25,Real-time qPCR was performed using the RT2 SYBR Green ROX qPCR Mastermix according to the manufacturer’s instructions with 50 ng of total genomic liver DNA and 400 ... | We initially evaluated induction of HBV-C (K b /C93)-specific CD8 + T cell responses in C57BL/6J (B6) and 1.4HBV-S mut transgenic (tg) mice that harbor a replicating HBV genome in hepatocytes by DNA immunization.RNA-binding HBV-C and HBV-C149tat antigens moderately enhanced K b /C93-specific CD8 + T cells in B6 mice as... |
a result, soil seed bank density was higher in lower slope microsites that trap eroded soil than in the upper slopes.This may limit L. camara recolonization on the upper slopes since seed loss is a limiting factor on the revegetation of eroded slopes.In this regard, management and eradication efforts to control L. cama... | Knowledge of seed bank status and dynamics is crucial for effective management of desirable and undesirable plant species in natural ecosystems.We studied the soil seed bank dynamics and soil nutrient concentrations in Lantana camara invaded and uninvaded patches at New Gada wetland in Harare, Zimbabwe.Soils were teste... |
concentrations didn't plateau, and the solubility must at least exceed the measured maximum concentrations of 3 ppm In and 120 ppb Sn.However, it is notable from other laboratory experiments that the solubility of In appears to be strongly pH dependent, and it is likely that the dissolution rate will vary substantially... | From being a metal with very limited natural distribution, indium (In) has recently become disseminated throughout the human society.Little is known of how In compounds behave in the natural environment, but recent medical studies link exposure to In compounds to elevated risk of respiratory disorders.Animal tests sugg... |
C4, C5, Factor B, Factor H, FH-related proteins 1, 2 and 5, Properdin, C1 inhibitor, soluble complement receptor 1, and terminal complement complex were measured using established in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.C-reactive protein was measured using a commercial ELISA.The samples available for analysis comp... | Eleven complement analytes (C1q, C3, C4, C5, factor B [FB], terminal complement complex [TCC], factor H [FH], FH-related proteins [FHR125], Properdin, C1 inhibitor [C1inh], soluble complement receptor 1 [CR1]) plus C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured in serum from 136 first episode psychosis (FEP) cases and 42 menta... |
Physical activity reduces the risk of chronic disease and a substantial proportion of the population would benefit from being more active.Public health strategies increasingly identify the environment as a modifiable determinant of activity.For example, the World Health Organisation Global Action Plan on physical activ... | Activity spaces are increasingly used to understand how people interact with their environment and engage in activity but their use may raise challenges regarding causal inference.We conducted a systematic review of findings and the methodological, analytical and conceptual issues relevant to causal inference.We search... |
neighbourhoods or shortest routes.Further strategies to account for selective daily mobility bias may involve sensitivity analyses whereby separate analyses are performed for activity spaces including all behaviour and activity spaces where the behaviour or route of interest is filtered.Some authors commented on the ne... | The conceptual challenge of using activity spaces to strengthen causal inference was rarely considered, although some studies discussed circularity, temporality, and plausibility. |
Microalgae are sunlight-driven cell factories that photosynthetically convert carbon dioxide, water and mineral nutrients to potential products such as: biofuels, human foods, animal feeds and high value compounds.The advantage of using microalgae rather than other higher plants have been well documented and include fa... | As in terrestrial agriculture, grazing has the potential to devastate the microalgal “crop” and this has obvious implications to the commercial success of the developing microalgal industry.Whilst in conventional agriculture thousands of years of exploitation of a relatively small number of crop plants, has resulted in... |
to discriminate against inert particles .However, the morphological variety of both grazers and their potential food is such that in reality most potentially commercially exploitable algae are at risk of being eaten by grazers.Industry threatening grazers range from macroscopic insects to microflagellates, barely large... | As such, they are eaten by a huge diversity of protistan taxa (e.g., amoeba, flagellates and ciliates), as well as zooplanktonic and larger metazoan grazers.This review explores our current understanding of the issue and where further research is needed, focusing on the diversity of grazers and how microalgae under var... |
raceway pond where increasing the CO2 supply to a C. sorokiniana culture reduced the pH from 6.8 to 6.0 leading to a significant reduction in P. malhamensis numbers and elimination of other grazers within 8 h of initiating the treatment .An alternative approach that is included here for completeness is to employ top-do... | In addition, the implications of algal mass culture, where the objective is to maintain a virtual monoculture, are discussed in the context of how infection could be prevented/minimised and if infection occurs, how this may be managed to prevent excessive losses in productivity or quality of the algal crop.In reality, ... |
was separated from the effect of hydrophobicity by extrapolating log k’0 to an alkyl chain length of zero carbon atoms.The parameter log kAX subsequently represents the interaction of the surfactant head group with only the anion-exchange functionality of the mixed-mode WAX column.For an anionic compound to adsorb onto... | Less hydrated anionic surfactants (perfluoroalkyl carboxylates, perfluoroalkyl sulfonates and alkyl sulfates) show minimal hydrophilic interaction while other better hydrated anionic surfactants (alkyl carboxylates and alkyl sulfonates) are well retained.The retention mechanism of surfactants on both columns seems to b... |
acetonitrile in the HILIC column, while CxSO3− and CxCO2− are well retained.These trends are akin to the results presented in Ibrahim’s paper confirming the relationship between retention and hydration of the analytes on the HILIC column.While the degree of hydration of a compound affects the interaction of the analyte... | For surfactants, physico-chemical parameters which can reflect the interactions that determine surfactant behavior are not well defined and are therefore needed for the development of robust quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR).For the present study, we have measured HPLC retention times of several hydr... |
Primary tumors originate from a single transformed cell containing oncogenic mutations despite being spatially confined by surrounding normal tissue.It is increasingly apparent that oncogenic cell spread within tissue is driven not only simply by a higher rate of proliferation, but also by a phenomenon called “cell com... | This spread of oncogenic cells (winners) is thought to be governed by selective killing of surrounding normal cells (losers) through a phenomenon called “cell competition” (i.e., supercompetition).Although the mechanisms underlying loser elimination are increasingly apparent, it is not clear how winner cells selectivel... |
interest by left click and click “Drawing -> clone.,Click “Check virtual clone” and “Update virtual clone mask” to finalize clone registration.Select “Cell divisions” tab and click “Check divisions” and “Update cell division mask” to detect cell division.Select “Cell death” tab and click “Track dying cells,” “Check dea... | During the initial stage of tumor progression, oncogenic cells spread despite spatial confinement imposed by surrounding normal tissue.Contrary to the previous expectation that cell volume loss after apoptosis of loser cells was simply compensated for by the faster proliferation of winner cells, we found that the lost ... |
Ti6Al4V, samples of Ti47Al2Cr2Nb and Ti6Al4V/Ti47Al2Cr2Nb gradient materials were also fabricated.The analyses of their microstructures will be described later in this section.Figure 8 shows the microstructures of the Ti6Al4V fabricated by EBSM.As shown in Figure 8, columnar crystals parallel to the building direction ... | Previous research focused on the EBSM process of a single material.In this study, a novel EBSM process capable of building a gradient structure with dual metal materials was developed, and a powder-supplying method based on vibration was put forward.Two different powders can be supplied individually and then mixed.A Ti... |
annual economic output .Therefore, restoration should be considered an investment rather than a cost .The achievement of a given Aichi Biodiversity Target can be assisted by actions taken to achieve other targets .Similarly, actions taken for a particular Target may contribute to other Targets.We assessed the Targets a... | Restoration ecology is gaining momentum on the international conservation scene.In particular, restoring degraded ecosystems is central to Aichi Biodiversity Targets 14 and 15 set by the Convention on Biological Diversity.Depending on the definition of degradation, from 2 to 47% of the global land surface could require... |
age in chickens .Yet, vaccination with rHVT at one day of age would elicit earlier protection when birds are highly susceptible, as well as allow immunization to occur in the hatchery under good biosecurity and sanitary conditions saving time and financial resources.Initial immunization would provide protection in shor... | The outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in North American poultry during 2014 and 2015 demonstrated the devastating effects of the disease and highlighted the need for effective emergency vaccine prevention and control strategies targeted at currently circulating strains.White leghorn chickens were vacc... |
hypothesis of an association of such shapes with a limited but socially recognised skilled manufacturers.Based on the traceological analysis of surface treatments applied by craftspeople to Copper Age vessels used in households and burials in the area of modern Rome, a diversification of craft figures has been hypothes... | Studying craft specialisation in archaeology involves investigating and reconstructing how production was organised.This article focuses on prehistoric communities and asks who performed specific tasks.Ceramic specialisation is traditionally approached through models of production organisation that are largely based on... |
Datasets provided in this article represent reliability of unauthorized genetically modified papaya line PRSV-YK detection method, including papaya endogenous gene, Chymopapain, detection method, using real-time polymerase chain reaction.Table 1 presents specificity of PRSV-YK and Chy detection methods.Fig. 1 shows tha... | This article is referred to research article entitled "Whole genome sequence analysis of unidentified genetically modified papaya for development of a specific detection method" (Nakamura et al., 2016) [1].Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection method for unauthorized genetically modified (GM) papaya (Cari... |
syrup with no significant variation recorded.Similarly, bee mortality showed no differences among groups prior to treatment at any time point, Fig. 4.Differences in the syrup consumption started to vary significantly right after applying the treatment of both Se forms.The highest concentrations of selenite μg/mL, exhib... | Using bioassay arenas in the laboratory, one-day old sister bees were fed ad libitum 4 different concentrations of selenate and selenite, two common inorganic forms of Se.We determined that doses between 60 and 600 mg.Se.L−1 were acutely toxic to bees (<48 h) while doses between 0.6 and 6 mg.Se.L−1 led to much lower mo... |
activity induced by the exposure to Se, which if not effaced by a detoxification process could lead to bee death or protein damage.We, indeed, identified significantly higher protein carbonyl contents in bees given the highest concentration, which points to severe cellular damage taking place, Fig. 5.In a previous stud... | The transcription levels of 4 honey bee antioxidant genes were evaluated, and three putative selenoprotein-like genes (SELENOT, SELENOK, SELENOF) were characterized as well as Sbp2, a Selenium binding protein required for the translation of selenoproteins mRNA.Se induced higher oxidative stress in treated honey bees le... |
showed significantly low variation within the population.Based only on the H value, populations Shuangjianya and Hongyan also showed a slightly lower genetic diversity.Within population DSP, the ISSR system indicated that Sub1 has the smallest values for P, Ae and H, which infers a relatively low genetic variation in S... | For polymorphic loci (P), the effective mean number of alleles (Ae) was 1.414 for ISSR markers and 1.458 for SRAP markers, while the mean expected heterozygosity (H) was 0.256 using ISSR and 0.291 for SRAP markers.Within-population variation was estimated for P as 74.9% using ISSR and 74.6% with SRAP markers; the numbe... |
a species are not directly correlated to individual numbers, but inherited from their ancestors and parents, so that their seedlings have high genetic diversity at species level , which could be especially maintained after polyploidization even at small population scale .Magnolias are thought to be among the earliest f... | Compared with other endangered endemic Magnolia taxa, M. wufengensis holds a relatively high level of genetic variation.Result: Total genetic diversity was found to be 87.7% for ISSR and 88.0% for SRAP markers.High levels of genetic diversity and low levels of population divergence suggest that genetic drift is not cur... |
news is that we are not limited by technologies for detecting either disruption or stabilisation of interactions, as long as the assay is designed appropriately.In order to identify and design effective PPI modulators, a combination of functional, phenotypic and binding assays is essential.A key role for rational desig... | Protein-protein interactions (PPI) have become increasingly popular drug targets, with a number of promising compounds currently in clinical trials.Recent research shows, that PPIs can be modulated in more ways than direct inhibition, where novel non-competitive modes of action promise a solution for the difficult natu... |
Dissociated craniofacial tissues that were FACS-sorted by GFP expression reporting either Mesp1-Cre or Wnt1-Cre activity were compared using microarrays.Dissected embryo heads of control, heterozygote, mesoderm heterozgote and conditional knockout genotypes were compared using microarrays.Chromatin immunoprecipitation ... | This article contains data related to the research article entitled “Transcriptional targets of TWIST1 in the cranial mesoderm regulate cell-matrix interactions and mesenchyme maintenance” by Bildsoe et al.(2016) [1].The data presented here are derived from: (1) a microarray-based comparison of sorted cranial mesoderm ... |
Generating complex discrete distributions remains as one of the challenging problems in machine learning.Existing techniques for generating complex distributions with high degrees of freedom depend on standard generative models like Generative Adversarial Networks, Wasserstein GAN, and associated variations.Such models... | We propose a Discrete Wasserstein GAN (DWGAN) model which is based on a dual formulation of the Wasserstein distance between two discrete distributions. |
phenomena.Although goal-directed and habitual policies are usually considered in terms of model-based and model-free schemes, we find the more important distinction is between belief-free versus belief-based schemes; namely, whether the current state is sufficient to specify an action or whether it is necessary to cons... | This paper offers an active inference account of choice behaviour and learning.It focuses on the distinction between goal-directed and habitual behaviour and how they contextualise each other.We show that habits emerge naturally (and autodidactically) from sequential policy optimisation when agents are equipped with st... |
ganglionic eminence, and this defect could be rescued through forced stabilisation of beta-catenin.In contrast, norrin appears to be more important in canonical WNT signalling via FZ4 and LRP5 in the hindbrain and spinal cord, explaining why hindbrain angiogenesis is only mildly affected in Gpr124-null mutants.Norrin i... | Remarkably, vascularisation occurs without perturbing the intricate architecture of the neurogenic niches or the emerging neural networks.We discuss the mouse hindbrain, forebrain and retina as widely used models to study developmental angiogenesis in the mammalian CNS and provide an overview of key cellular and molecu... |
estimate.This work describes how the energy consumption of a supermarket in northern England is expected to change for the period from 2030 to 2059.The basis for this assessment was the gas and electricity consumption as well as the outside temperature and relative humidity data for 2012.The regression equation derived... | Most of the work in the literature relates to offices and homes.However, this paper investigates a supermarket in northern England by means of a multiple regression analysis based on gas and electricity data for 2012.The equations obtained in this analysis use the humidity ratio derived from the dry-bulb temperature an... |
anaerobic aerobic plants with anaerobic sludge digesters.This integrated MCF applied to the data provided by Daelman et al. for the Kralingseveer WWTP using Eq. results in a 428 kg CH4/d emission compared to the actual value.In contrast, Delre et al. found that the CH4 emissions estimated by the IPCC Tier 1 methodology... | Wastewater treatment (WWT) may be an important source of methane (CH4), a greenhouse gas with significant global warming potential.Sources of CH4 emissions from WWT facilities can be found in the water and in the sludge process lines.Among the methodologies for estimating CH4 emissions inventories from WWT, the more ad... |
ongoing research partnerships across several of these institutions and because they represented distinctly different cultures, social, linguistic and ethnic contexts.Each also has a strong history of research on adolescents in urban poor populations.Table 1 provides a description of the study samples per sub-study and ... | In-depth interviews were first conducted among approximately 200 adolescents between 10–14 years in seven sites across 4 continents to identify common scripts guiding romantic relations in early adolescence.These scripts were then transformed into a multidimensional scale.The scale was tested among 120 adolescents in e... |
subdomains.Results from Pilot 1 study suggested a two-factor structure.Two domains, “boys’ natural attraction to girls” and “girls’ responsibility to avoid boy interest”, were not consistently captured in the two-factor structure and were removed from the analysis.In addition, 8 items with loadings of less than 0.40 on... | This study used a mixed-method approach, grounded in the voices of young people around the world, to construct and test a cross-cultural scale assessing the perceptions of gender norms regulating romantic relationships between boys and girls in early adolescence.Results: Results suggested a two-factor structure, consis... |
imbalanced power dynamics between partners that shape sexual relations and hinder preventive practices.While the sexual double standard captures differential gender standards for boys and girls to engage in romantic relationships, the adolescent romantic expectations scale measures the extent to which adolescent girls ... | While early adolescence constitutes a critical window of development, there is limited understanding about how adolescents perceive gender relations across different cultural settings.Methods: The study draws on the Global Early Adolescent study (GEAS), a study focusing on gender norms and health related outcomes over ... |
through a 40μm nylon filter.After centrifugation the cellular pellet was re-suspended and enriched using CD34+ MACS beads according to manufacturer’s instructions.Following enrichment the cells were re-suspended in 0.5-1ml OP9-D media, counted and seeded onto MS5 stroma.MS5 were maintained in T75 flasks in MS5 maintena... | Böiers, Richardson et al. |
therefore, that semantic self-images play a similar mediating role in promoting well-being, and this again would be an interesting avenue for future research.The present research was subject to several limitations and suggests multiple avenues for future work.First, the study employed a correlational design and as such... | Higher levels of well-being are associated with longer life expectancies and better physical health.Previous studies suggest that processes involving the self and autobiographical memory are related to well-being, yet these relationships are poorly understood.The present study tested 32 older and 32 younger adults usin... |
, and European Society of Human Genetics .Many countries have specific legislation or national or regional guidelines for collecting and processing human tissues.On the other hand, there exist several quality assessment programs and standards: the Canadian Tissue Repository Network Biobank Certification Program, the Co... | Biological samples such as tissues, blood and other body fluids, plants or seeds, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells or isolated biomolecules as well as associated data are the essential raw material for research and development in medicine, biotechnology and agriculture.The collection, processing, preservation, and stor... |
a paper capillary force driven hollow channel exhibiting laminar flow: two miscible aqueous phases were driven through a T-junction.A phone under the channel imaged the two parallel streams within the 1000- and 275-μm-high channel.These observations confirm that these devices can reproduce the classical diffusion-limit... | This paper develops a simple, inexpensive, and portable diagnostic assays that may be useful in remote settings, and in particular, in less industrialized countries where simple assays are becoming increasingly important for detecting disease and monitoring health.To demonstrate the various applications of the paper ca... |
and the manufacturing-linked solar scheme, the potential for a resurgence in manufacturing remains limited.The design of these industrial policies was out of touch with the demands of domestic manufacturers, suggesting continued failure to develop long-term planning for industrial support in the sector.The Indian gover... | Renewable energy investments are expanding across the world at an astonishing rate.The United States and Europe obtained early advantages in renewable energy technologies.However, East Asian late industrializers have now extended substantial support to domestic renewable energy manufacturing firms alongside encouraging... |
or Measles."We suggest that a generalized fearful orientation toward the way things are going in one's current life environment becomes reflected in a specific motivation to engage in health protective behavior such as willingness to take a prospective vaccine.Specifically, respondents were asked if they were “scared” ... | The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between vaccination hesitancy and fear, trust, and expectation of a potential imminent and proximate outbreak of Ebola.Our hypothesis is that people engage in self-protective behavior against an infectious disease when they are: fearful about things in general; t... |
of the INFUSE1 project and it comes from the funding domain.It is composed of 85 concepts, e.g. Funding, GrantSeeker and 18 object properties, e.g. isGivenBy, appliesFor, that connect these concepts.A part of INFUSE domain ontology represented as an ontology graph is shown in Fig. 3.To convert the ontology into an onto... | This paper provides a comprehensive performance analysis of parametric and non-parametric machine learning classifiers including a deep feed-forward multi-layer perceptron (MLP) network on two variants of improved Concept Vector Space (iCVS) model.We conducted various experiments using a variety of machine learning cla... |
the top-5 terms that are found to be the most semantically related terms with ontology concept funding.The performance of document classification, in terms of precision, recall and F1 measure, achieved by six conventional Machine Learning techniques and a Multilayer Perceptron with different number of hidden layers and... | In the first variant, a weighting scheme enhanced with the notion of concept importance is used to assess weight of ontology concepts.Concept importance shows how important a concept is in an ontology and it is automatically computed by converting the ontology into a graph and then applying one of the Markov based algo... |
current, but also by interaction of interconnected brain areas and modulation of brain networks as well.Nevertheless, our results show that posterior parietal cortices have a critical rule in perception of magnitude.Our findings also agree with ATOM, which posits the parietal cortex as the primary site of magnitude jud... | Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation method with many putative applications and reported to effectively modulate behaviour.However, its effects have yet to be considered at a computational level.To address this we modelled the tuning curves underlying the behavioural effect... |
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