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Immediately after the public demonstration of a solar module powering a radio transmitter in 1954, this achievement was heralded as the beginning of a new era promising almost limitless harnessing of the sun’s energy.In reality, however, this prospect has largely been hampered by cost constraints.Consequently, much eff... | Whenever PV systems are installed, the absorption properties of the surface are changed and less sunlight from the Earth's surface is reflected into space.Three different effects need to be considered when changing the absorption properties of the Earth's surface: (1) global albedo impact, (2) regional atmospheric heat... |
temperature effects are not explicitly taken into account in the representation in Fig. 4.Generally, PV technologies with more negative temperature coefficients such mono- and polycrystalline silicon are penalized in warmer climates compared to CdTe and multi-junction cells used in HCPV.However, the difference in avera... | Recent years have witnessed a remarkable reduction in solar-panel costs, such that low-efficiency, low-cost photovoltaics (PV) currently prevail over more complex, high-efficiency technologies.By including this radiative forcing in the form of the Earth's surface reflection coefficient albedo (α), we take these externa... |
Pneumonia is the leading infectious cause of death among children aged 1–59 months worldwide.1,According to WHO criteria, pneumonia is a syndrome characterised by non-specific respiratory signs and symptoms, many of which occur in children without primary respiratory disease.2,Along with improved vaccine access, treatm... | Background: Pneumonia is the leading cause of death among children globally.Most pneumonia deaths in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) occur among children with HIV infection or exposure, severe malnutrition, or hypoxaemia despite antibiotics and oxygen.Non-invasive bubble continuous positive airway pressu... |
pressures between 5 cm and 10 cm H2O is safe.22,23,We used either unvented nasal masks or nasal prongs as the nasal interface, with a preference towards nasal masks given our previous experience of frequent nasal septal trauma and nose bleeds attributed to nasal prong use.14,In the event of a power outage, the nasal ma... | This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02484183, and is closed.Findings: We screened 1712 children for eligibility between June 23, 2015, and March 21, 2018.Four bCPAP and one oxygen group deaths were classified as probable aspiration episodes, one bCPAP death as probable pneumothorax, and six non-... |
the prespecified RR 30-day post discharge mortality in the bCPAP group, compared with the oxygen group was 1·42.We also examined hospital mortality prevalences among children with and without hypoxaemia and malaria.Among all 415 hypoxaemic children, the bCPAP group had a higher RR of death compared with the oxygen grou... | bCPAP outcomes for high-risk African children with severe pneumonia are unknown.Children were randomly assigned 1:1 to low-flow nasal cannula oxygen or nasal bCPAP.Non-physicians administered care; the primary outcome was hospital survival.Primary analyses were by intention-to-treat and interim and adverse events analy... |
is no evidence of PS particles outside the central region.This is because the contact line was free moving so there were no PS particles pinned.All PS particles were concentrated in a spot with a diameter of about 0.5 mm, which is 2 times smaller compared with that observed in Fig. 8b. Compared with the original ring-l... | This work reports the laser surface modification of 304S15 stainless steel to develop superhydrophobic properties and the subsequent application for homogeneous spot deposition.Superhydrophobic surfaces, with steady contact angle of ∼154° and contact angle hysteresis of ∼4°, are fabricated by direct laser texturing.In ... |
The data presented in the paper, shows the performance of non-conventional renewable energy projects in Colombia, which includes photovoltaic, Eolic, biomass and small hydroelectric renewable sources .The registration of NCRE projects started in 2016, thus a period between 2016 and 2018 is assessed.Based on this data t... | The data included in this study was calculated based on data provided by the national project registry provided by the Colombian government.The data forecasts the evolution of the power generation capacity registered in non-conventional renewable energy source projects in three scenarios of implementation of the power ... |
cell size is not the best indicator of the developmental stage and as a result not all the cells that were analyzed were necessarily at the same stage.Images were obtained far from the edges of the substrate in order to minimize the impact of the cells that detached during the cutting of the substrate for analysis.The ... | Loading frequency is known to influence the expression of the focal adhesions of the adherent cells.A small cyclical tensile force was transmitted to mouse pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells through PDMS substrates of varying stiffness.Changes in cell behavior with respect to proliferation and characteristics of focal adhes... |
squared error, and R2 criteria are shown in Tables 2 and 3.RMSE has a quadratic error rule, where the errors are squared before being averaged.As a result, a relatively high weight is given to large errors .This could be useful when large errors are undesirable in a statistical model.From Table 2 it can be deduced that... | Monitoring of the interface temperature at skin level in lower-limb prosthesis is notoriously complicated.This is due to the flexible nature of the interface liners used impeding the required consistent positioning of the temperature sensors during donning and doffing.Predicting the in-socket residual limb temperature ... |
Despite the arrival of the invasive crustacean species, the three native species, the noble crayfish Astacus astacus, the narrow-clawed crayfish Astacus leptodactylus and the stone crayfish Austropotamobius torrentium are still present in Hungary.However, their current distribution is unclear since the last comprehensi... | Three native crayfish species, i.e.~Astacus astacus, Astacus leptodactylus and Austropotamobius torrentium, occur in Hungary.Consequently, the first object of the present study was to investigate the present-day distribution and habitat preference of the native and invasive crayfish and crab species in Hungary accordin... |
exists only on one sampling site each, it indicates a problem, because these two species have nearly the same habitat requirements.In addition, P. leniusculus grows faster, has a higher reproduction rate and displays a more aggressive behaviour in competitive encounters.In all cases where both species have been observe... | Lately, however, non-indigenous crustaceans have also invaded the country Their most recent distribution and impact on the occurrences of the native species is not clear.Despite their overlapping habitat preference and the fact that O. limosus is a carrier of the lethal crayfish plague, both species still co-occur at a... |
85% at 5 minutes.We previously demonstrated the feasibility and now tested the effectiveness of the PBCC approach using the Concord.11,The next step is to determine whether this approach results in beneficial effects on important clinical outcomes in very preterm infants.In 2019, a large multicentre randomised clinical... | Aim: To test whether stabilising very preterm infants while performing physiological-based cord clamping (PBCC) is at least as effective as the standard approach of time-based delayed cord clamping (DCC).Methods: A randomised controlled non-inferiority study was performed in two centres from May until November 2018, in... |
and the impact calculations using the process described by Ivanov et al.The study evaluates the environmental impact of REO production from a life cycle perspective at Songwe Hill.Analysis indicates that overall Songwe Hill performs favourably compared other REO production LCA studies.The precipitation stage has the gr... | This study demonstrates that a process simulation-based life cycle assessment (LCA) carried out at the early stages of a REE project, such as at the pre-feasibility stage, can inform subsequent decision making during the development of the project and help reduce its environmental impacts.It is important that the envir... |
Over the past decades, exposure to health risk behaviors has become one of the most widely investigated subjects in studies with young populations.1,2,The interest in investigations focusing on this subject can be explained, at least in part, by the fact that such behaviors can be established and incorporated into the ... | Data were obtained using a questionnaire.The co-occurrence of health risk behaviors was established based on the sum of five behavioral risk factors (low physical activity, sedentary behavior, low consumption of fruits/vegetables, alcohol consumption and tobacco use).The independent variables were gender, age group, ti... |
self-esteem, autonomy and personal responsibility, characteristics that may favor the adoption of healthier behaviors.Adolescents who live in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco showed a 39% increase in the chance of simultaneous exposure to a higher number of health risk behaviors compared to their peers living in the ... | Objective To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with the co-occurrence of health risk behaviors in adolescents.Methods A cross-sectional study was performed with a sample of high school students from state public schools in Pernambuco, Brazil (n=4207, 14-19 years old).Results Approximately 10% of adolescents... |
Meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies have shown that psychosocial stress might increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes.1–4,The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms include disturbed sympathetic-parasympathetic balance and dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, which can ac... | Background: Although some cardiovascular disease prevention guidelines suggest a need to manage work stress in patients with established cardiometabolic disease, the evidence base for this recommendation is weak.We sought to clarify the status of stress as a risk factor in cardiometabolic disease by investigating the a... |
such as smoking, physical inactivity, and obesity.In women without cardiometabolic disease at baseline, effort–reward imbalance was not associated with mortality.Job strain alone, or in combination with effort–reward imbalance, was not associated with mortality in men or women without cardiometabolic disease.In men wit... | This mortality difference for job strain was almost as great as that for current smoking versus former smoking (78.1 per 10 000 person-years) and greater than those due to hypertension, high total cholesterol concentration, obesity, physical inactivity, and high alcohol consumption relative to the corresponding lower r... |
heart disease who had at least 6 months' follow-up, psychological interventions that alleviated stress and other psychological symptoms were successful in reducing cardiac mortality for people with coronary heart disease.27",However, it is unclear whether those interventions would benefit men with job strain and cardio... | Methods: In this multicohort study, we used data from seven cohort studies in the IPD-Work consortium, initiated between 1985 and 2002 in Finland, France, Sweden, and the UK, to examine the association between work stress and mortality.Work stress was denoted as job strain or effort–reward imbalance at work.Work stress... |
the study-specific median score; similarly, we defined low job control as having a job control score that was lower than the study-specific median score.The Pearson correlations between the harmonised scales used in this study and complete versions of the Job Content Questionnaire and Demand Control Questionnaire all h... | Mortality data, including date and cause of death, were obtained from national death registries.We used Cox proportional hazards regression to study the associations of work stressors with mortality in men and women with and without cardiometabolic disease. |
Gaussian processes are the leading class of distributions on random functions, but they suffer from well known issues including difficulty scaling and inflexibility with respect to certain shape constraints.Here we propose Deep Random Splines, a flexible class of random functions obtained by transforming Gaussian noise... | We combine splines with neural networks to obtain a novel distribution over functions and use it to model intensity functions of point processes. |
than C. parvum as the most prevalent infecting species in the study region.Evidence for genetic recombination has been identified for the first time in C. ryanae, which was previously reported to have a clonal population structure.Finally, the high rate of Cryptosporidium infection among calves, and our findings of ooc... | Cryptosporidium sp.is an enteric parasite with zoonotic potential, and can infect a wide range of vertebrates, including human.Determining the source of infection and the mode of transmission in a new endemic region is crucial for the control of cryptosporidiosis.In the present study, we have assessed the importance of... |
has to be done with caution, a marine source rock with early oil maturities of ∼0.6%VR.In concert with the regional geology and results from drillings at the Lomonosov Ridge, Lower to Middle Eocene eventually Azolla rich shales would be a plausible candidate.Our data of sorbed gases on the Hinlopen Margin, southern Nan... | The Barents Sea is considered as an important target for oil and gas exploration, but the petroleum potential of its shelf and slope regions is unknown.Here we present results of a research cruise to the Northern Hinlopen Margin at the transition to the Southern Nansen Basin and the Eastern Yermak Plateau.Multichannel ... |
Transcranial direct current stimulation is a non-invasive brain stimulation method, which can be used to modulate spontaneous cortical activity in the human brain in a polarity-dependent way.Increasingly, the method is used as a therapeutic tool.Recent functional neuroimaging studies have investigated how changes in co... | Noninvasive neurostimulation methods such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can elicit long-lasting, polarity-dependent changes in neocortical excitability.In a previous concurrent tDCS-fMRI study of overt picture naming, we reported significant behavioural and regionally specific neural facilitation ef... |
about the long-term effects.One hypothesis is that DC stimulation modulates ongoing neural activity, which then translates into lasting effects via physiological plasticity.Converging with this interpretation is evidence from an in vitro animal hippocampal model of gamma oscillations and DC stimulation that shows durin... | Although distributed connectivity effects of anodal tDCS have been modelled at rest, the mechanism by which ‘on-line’ tDCS may modulate neuronal connectivity during a task-state remains unclear.Here, we used Dynamic Causal Modelling (DCM) to determine: (i) how neural connectivity within the frontal speech network is mo... |
as a function of degree of precisely synchronous common input in the complete absence of gap junction coupling.This showed that for nonzero degrees of common input, correlated activity displays peaks at 0 ms, indicating perfect synchrony in spike timing due to synaptic inputs alone.This result indicates that peaks at ±... | First, electrical coupling ensures slow subthreshold membrane potential correlations by equalizing membrane potential fluctuations, such that coupled neurons tend to approach action potential threshold together.Electrical coupling therefore controls the temporal precision and degree of both spontaneous and sensory-evok... |
to determine the exact spatial anatomical divergence and convergence of Golgi cell axons to granule cell dendrites and the location of the granule cells that are contacted by coupled ensembles of Golgi cells.The ability to generate correlated inhibitory activity suggests that precisely timed feedforward inhibition and ... | Many GABAergic interneurons are electrically coupled and in vitro can display correlated activity with millisecond precision.However, the mechanisms underlying correlated activity between interneurons in vivo are unknown.Using dual patch-clamp recordings in vivo, we reveal that in the presence of spontaneous background... |
nervous system by chemogenetic methods causes changes in the number of proopiomelanocortin and agouti-related protein neurons in ARC of the hypothalamus.Our results support that DMV is a node of parasympathetic nervous system including both afferent and efferent signals.The signal from DMV reaches to ARC of the hypotha... | Parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) innervates with several peripheral organs such as liver, pancreas and regulates energy metabolism.However, the direct role of PNS on food intake has been poorly understood.In the present study, we investigated the role of parasympathetic nervous system in regulation of feeding by ch... |
time versus virus number, may need to be increased by optimizing the reaction, including adjustments to enzyme and buffer concentrations or to incubation temperature.Additional optimization would need to be performed in order to improve the lower limit of detection of the reaction.Although these improvements may be mad... | Viral load measurements are an essential tool for the long-term clinical care of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals.The gold standards in viral load instrumentation, however, are still too limited by their size, cost, and sophisticated operation for these measurements to be ubiquitous in remote set... |
decreases to 6.80 with annealing time of 120 min.The variation of texture intensity is accordance with the misorientation change, which indicates the transformation of texture is related to the misorientation.During the deformation and heat treatment processes, when the orientation of some grains is concentrated in the... | The strong {1 1 0} 〈1 1 2〉 Brass, {1 1 1} 〈1 1 2〉 Copper, {1 2 3} 〈6 3 4〉 S and {1 2 4} 〈1 1 2〉 R components and some weak {4 1 4} 〈2 3 4〉 S/Brass and {1 1 0} 〈0 0 1〉 were found in the annealed alloys. |
proportion of discordant studies increases.The highest proportion of discordant studies is for the NEG class for all three classification schemes, the 1A class for GHS/CLP, and the STRONG class for ECETOC.If only the discordant chemicals are considered, the pattern of distribution is almost the same as when the solvent... | The knowledge of the biological mechanisms leading to the induction of skin sensitisation has favoured in recent years the development of alternative non-animal methods.During the formal validation process, results from the Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA) are generally used as reference data to assess the predictive capa... |
with self-reports of caregiving stroking behaviors.These correlations have to be interpreted with caution, since we merely collected self-reports from parental questionnaires.Yet, they suggest that infants’ cardiac reaction to strokes of CT-optimal velocity varies and that it is stronger in infants whose caregivers hav... | The evaluation of interpersonal touch is heavily influenced by its source.For example, a gentle stroke from a loved one is generally more pleasant than the same tactile stimulation from a complete stranger.Our study tested the early ontogenetic roots of humans’ sensitivity to the source of interpersonal touch.We measur... |
from the micelles or liposomes and binding to serum or plasma proteins.Foslip® showed a steady increase in fluorescence when incubated for 8 h in serum or plasma regardless of mTHPC concentrations, indicating slow-release.This is consistent with previous studies, where a slow-release of m-THPC from liposomes in 5% huma... | Selective elimination of macrophages by photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new and promising therapeutic modality for the reduction of atherosclerotic plaques.m-Tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (mTHPC, or Temoporfin) may be suitable as photosensitizer for this application, as it is currently used in the clinic for cancer PDT.I... |
they show a mixture of positive and negative response, which is generally weaker than in the open ocean.In the permanently stratified seas we consider here the impact of climate change on stratification is highly modulated by changes in circulation and overturning/mixing in its effect on nutrient resupply and primary p... | Regional seas are potentially highly vulnerable to climate change, yet are the most directly societally important regions of the marine environment.The combination of widely varying conditions of mixing, forcing, geography (coastline and bathymetry) and exposure to the open-ocean makes these seas subject to a wide rang... |
Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide.1, "The number of people living with depression increased by around 18% between 2005 and 2015, and depression affects 322 million people, or about 4% of the world's population.1",Pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy are the two mainstays of depression treatment.In pa... | Second-generation antidepressants are the first-line option for pharmacological management of depression.We have aimed to summarise the currently available best evidence to inform this clinical question.Methods: We did a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of double-blind, randomised controlled trials tha... |
in generation of allocation sequence, allocation concealment, masking of study personnel and participants, masking of outcome assessor, attrition, and selective outcome reporting.Studies were classified as having low risk of bias if none of these domains was rated as high risk of bias and three or fewer were rated as u... | Findings: 28 554 records were identified through our search (24 524 published and 4030 unpublished records).561 published and 121 unpublished full-text records were assessed for eligibility, and 77 studies were included (19 364 participants; mean age 42.5 years, SD 11.0; 7156 [60.9%] of 11 749 reported were women).Thes... |
increasing from 1·0 for placebo, to 1·94 at 40 mg, and to 3·73 at the upper limit of the licensed range.The association between the dose and the dropouts for any reason, reflecting dropouts for lack of efficacy and low tolerability, indicates optimal acceptability in the lower range between 20 mg and 40 mg.The point es... | For SSRIs (99 treatment groups), the dose-efficacy curve showed a gradual increase up to doses between 20 mg and 40 mg fluoxetine equivalents, and a flat to decreasing trend through the higher licensed doses up to 80 mg fluoxetine equivalents.The relationship between the dose and dropouts for any reason indicated optim... |
there was a stepwise increase in efficacy from placebo, to low dose, to higher dose of SSRIs might be considered compatible with our finding of dose response up to 20–40 mg of fluoxetine equivalents; however, their categorisation of doses did not capture the change points identified in our analyses. "Jakubovski and col... | Background: Depression is the single largest contributor to non-fatal health loss worldwide.Optimising their use is crucial in reducing the burden of depression; however, debate about their dose dependency and their optimal target dose is ongoing.Doses of SSRIs were converted to fluoxetine equivalents.The main outcomes... |
Although it is generally assumed that farmers in rural areas of developing countries are risk averse, little is known about the actual form of their risk preferences.When economists attempt to measure risk preferences, they typically assume that risk preferences follow the constant relative risk assumption utility func... | Although farmers in developing countries are generally thought to be risk averse, little is known about the actual form of their risk preferences.In this paper, we use a relatively large lab-in-the-field experiment to explore risk preferences related to sweet potato production among a sample of farmers in northern Moza... |
association with the strands.Close apposition of targeted mitochondria to ER domains was also seen by super-resolution microscopy.SIM imaging of cells treated with IVM and stained for ATG13, WIPI2, mitochondria, and ER showed that the engulfed mitochondrial fragments were encased within ER strands where the autophagy a... | Also unknown is whether mitophagy depends on pre-existing membranes or is triggered on the surface of damaged mitochondria.Targeted ubiquitinated mitochondria are cradled by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) strands even without functional autophagy machinery and mitophagy adaptors.We propose that damaged mitochondria are ubi... |
Hydrocarbon based fuels are the primary resource for the worlds energy supplies.With increasing demand for global energy, however, there has been rapid growth in the field of energy development with a view towards the generation of an alternative energy source to provide global sustainability.Extensive focus is now bei... | With advancements in the development of visible light responsive catalysts for H2 production frequently being reported, photocatalytic water splitting has become an attractive method as a potential 'solar fuel generator'.This is particularly important as many reactor configurations are mass transport limited, which in ... |
TiO2 catalyst developed by Reilly et al. was restricted to UV light.If photocatalytic production of H2 is to be utilised as an alternative fuel it is essential that the development of photocatalytic reactors focuses towards systems which are capable of converting solar energy.Solar driven photocatalysis has been report... | The development of novel photo reactors which can enhance the potential of such catalyst, however, is rarely reported.Catalysts Pt-C3N4 and NaTaO3.La were dispersed in the reactor and the rate of H2 was determined by GC-TCD analysis of the gas headspace.Reactor properties such as propeller rotational speed were found t... |
Generative Adversarial Networks have made data generation possible in various use cases, but in case of complex, high-dimensional distributions it can be difficult to train them, because of convergence problems and the appearance of mode collapse.Sliced Wasserstein GANs and especially the application of the Max-Sliced ... | We apply a greedy assignment on the projected samples instead of sorting to approximate Wasserstein distance |
values in all three cases.The highest pixel values are present in case B, where the reflected sun-disk is visible on the luminaire with a maximum luminance of ≈850,000 cd m−2.The glare assessment of the three cases considers not only the opaque surfaces of the office interior, but also the sky as visible through the fe... | Retro-reflective coatings applied to blinds of reduced geometric complexity promise to provide view to the outside while effectively controlling solar gains and glare.To characterize the reflection characteristics of such coatings over the entire solar spectrum, a novel extension to a scanning gonio-photometer is devel... |
Deep Convolutional Networks have been shown to be sensitive to Universal Adversarial Perturbations: input-agnostic perturbations that fool a model on large portions of a dataset.These UAPs exhibit interesting visual patterns, but this phenomena is, as yet, poorly understood.Our work shows that visually similar procedur... | Existing Deep Convolutional Networks in image classification tasks are sensitive to Gabor noise patterns, i.e.small structured changes to the input cause large changes to the output. |
was corroborated using other methods.Both a viscometry assay and a low-speed centrifugation approach were used to determine the effect of wild-type or mutant Vps1 on the extent of actin crosslinking.As shown in Figure 5E, Vps1 addition greatly retarded the passage of a ball through a capillary containing polymerized ac... | However, questions remain as to how force generated through actin polymerization is transmitted to the plasma membrane to drive invagination and scission.Here, we reveal that the yeast dynamin Vps1 binds and bundles filamentous actin.In vitro analysis of the mutant protein demonstrates that-like wild-type Vps1-it is ab... |
pre-spun at 90,000 × g, 15 min at 4°C.Unless stated, purified Vps1 for in vitro assays was from the resulting supernatant, the concentration of which was usually between 1 and 5 μM.G-actin was purified from rabbit muscle and yeast lysates .Purified rabbit or yeast F-actin was polymerized for 1 hr at room temperature wi... | Actin is critical for endocytosis in yeast cells, and also in mammalian cells under tension.Ultrastructural analysis of yeast cells using electron microscopy reveals a significant increase in invagination depth, further supporting a role for the Vps1-actin interaction during scission. |
potency of GalNAc-LNPs with low PEG and high PEG density.These data show very similar, dose-dependent efficacy for both LNP1.5 and LNP5, indicating that limitations in efficacy due to increased PEG shielding can successfully be overcome by incorporating exogenous targeting ligands.The findings described in this article... | Increased PEG density not only shielded LNP surface charge but also reduced hemolytic activity, suggesting the formation of a steric barrier.This effect could be overcome by incorporating an exogenous targeting ligand into the highly shielded LNPs, thereby circumventing the requirement for ApoE association.Therefore, t... |
aqueous siRNA solution via a T-junction.The total lipid to siRNA ratio was 9.75,and the siRNA concentration was 0.6 mg/ml in the solution after mixing.Polyethylene glycol-dimyristolglycerol solution in ethanol was added to the mixed solution via a T-junction to provide steric stabilization to formed nanoparticles.Nanop... | This study systematically evaluated the effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) density on LNP physicochemical properties, innate immune response stimulation, and in vivo efficacy. |
the Leader around the circumference of the circle in a way that would be reflected in the correction gains.Larger correction gains were expected for the Follower relative to the target hand providing the timing cue on the side nearer the Leader than the correction gain computed with respect to any other participant.To ... | A linear phase correction model has been shown to accurately reflect the corrective processes involved in synchronising motor actions to an external rhythmic cue.The model originated from studies of finger tapping to an isochronous metronome beat and is based on the time series of asynchronies between the metronome and... |
certification has been present for a while in developed organic markets such as the European Union, where regulation on organic production of agriculture already exists since 1991.In less developed organic markets, organic certification is at a much earlier stage and may still be developing.Organic farming affects the ... | Organic farming has been proposed as a feasible way to reduce the environmental impacts of agriculture, provide better products to consumers, and improve farmers' income.How organic farmers are distributed worldwide, however, remains unknown.Within developed countries, the locations of organic crop farmers often do not... |
Electricity generation currently produces around 25% of global greenhouse gas emissions, or about 12.4 GtCO2e/year.More than two-thirds of the electricity generated is consumed by commercial and industrial users.To reduce electricity consumption-related emissions effectively at the level of individual firms, it is esse... | Electricity generation accounts for approximately 25% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, with more than two-thirds of this electricity consumed by commercial or industrial users.To reduce electricity consumption-related emissions effectively at the level of individual firms, it is essential that they are measure... |
the absence of an intervention.In contrast, attributional inventories of emissions, such as corporate GHG inventories, only need to allocate total emissions between reporting entities without double-counting.However, to be accurate and relevant, GHG inventories must reflect the emissions caused by the reporting entity.... | However, an emergent GHG accounting method for corporate electricity consumption (the ‘market-based’ method) fails to meet these criteria and therefore is likely to lead to a misallocation of climate change mitigation efforts.The case is important given the magnitude of emissions attributable to commercial/industrial e... |
correlated, suggesting that some of the adjacent time points convey similar information.To discard the noninformative data collection points, we performed stochastic evolutionary search through a genetic algorithm, which retained 8 informative time points, and 6 were dropped as uninformative.Comparing the clustering of... | Methods: We used LCA to derive wheeze phenotypes among 3167 participants in the ALSPAC cohort who had complete information on current wheeze recorded at 14 time points from birth to age 16½ years.A variable selection algorithm identified 8 informative time points (months 18, 42, 57, 81, 91, 140, 157, and 166).The propo... |
the true prevalence.28,As most previous studies, we used information on current wheeze for our modeling.It is possible that a more holistic examination of other features and/or other symptoms22 and lung function29 might allow better distinction of the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms.The key advantage of our stud... | Background: Latent class analysis (LCA)has been used extensively to identify (latent)phenotypes of childhood wheezing.However, the number and trajectory of discovered phenotypes differed substantially between studies.Objective: We sought to investigate sources of variability affecting the classification of phenotypes, ... |
We present a large-scale empirical study of catastrophic forgetting in modern Deep Neural Network models that perform sequential learning.A new experimental protocol is proposed that takes into account typical constraints encountered in application scenarios.As the investigation is empirical, we evaluate CF behavior on... | We check DNN models for catastrophic forgetting using a new evaluation scheme that reflects typical application conditions, with surprising results. |
the versatility of the T-cell library method, a CD4+ T-cell library, was generated from a healthy HLA-DR1+ donor, and simultaneously screened via IFNγ ELISpot for reactivity against two HLA-DR1-restricted peptide pools.The first peptide pool contained three putative peptides from HA of flu, and the second peptide pool ... | Isolation of peptide-specific T-cell clones is highly desirable for determining the role of T-cells in human disease, as well as for the development of therapies and diagnostics.However, generation of monoclonal T-cells with the required specificity is challenging and time-consuming.Here we describe a library-based str... |
men.Suicide deaths in 2016 accounted for 3·07% of all deaths in the high ETL state group, 3·02% in the higher-middle ETL state group, 2·35% in the lower-middle ETL state group, and 1·74% in the low ETL state group.The high and higher-middle ETL state groups had significant declines in age-standardised SDR for women fro... | Age-standardised SDR among women in India reduced by 26.7% from 20.0 (95% UI 16.5–23.5) in 1990 to 14.7 (13.1–16.2) per 100 000 in 2016, but the age-standardised SDR among men was the same in 1990 (22.3 [95% UI 14.4–27.4] per 100 000) and 2016 (21.2 [14.6–23.6] per 100 000).The highest age-specific SDRs among women in ... |
High throughput deep RNA-sequencing was done to generate a de novo reference sequence for red drum using cDNA libraries constructed from liver, testis and head kidney tissues.Sequencing on the HiSeq.2500 generated a total of 128.9 million paired-end reads with an average length of 100 bp.Trinity de novo assembly produc... | Red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) is an estuarine Sciaenid with high commercial value and recreational demand.During the past 50 years, overfishing has caused declines in the population that resulted in the development of red drum commercial and stock enhancement aquaculture fisheries.Despite the potential high economic v... |
study the variability of the microstructure of the Lower Bowland shale was highlighted from the cm to μm scale using the traditional techniques of microscopy combined with XRD and TOC measurements.The samples show a high variability of: microtexture types, mineralogy, TOC, organic-matter particles, and fractures which ... | Variability in the Lower Bowland shale microstructure is investigated here, for the first time, from the centimetre to the micrometre scale using optical and scanning electron microscopy (OM, SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Total Organic Carbon content (TOC) measurements.A significant range of microtextures, organic-... |
upon exposure to easily soluble Cu salt.It can also be noted that since the ROS levels were increased by the presence of Cu NPs in PBS, ROS could also contribute to the membrane damage.Precipitation of Cu-complexes can also play a role for the induced toxicity in PBS, as at least a non-soluble Cu–phosphate compound is ... | Copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) are increasingly used in various biologically relevant applications and products, e.g., due to their antimicrobial and catalytic properties.This inevitably demands for an improved understanding on their interactions and potential toxic effects on humans.The aim of this study was to investi... |
iron than the resident magma thus was more primitive and had a greater density.This contributed to pooling of the injected magma between the resident magma and the cumulate pile and to allow downwards percolation into the underlying cumulates.The lack of indicators of magma flow throughout most of the kakortokite serie... | The peralkaline to agpaitic Ilímaussaq Complex, S. Greenland, displays spectacular macrorhythmic (> 5 m) layering via the kakortokite (agpaitic nepheline syenite), which outcrops as the lowest exposed rocks in the complex.This study applies crystal size distribution (CSD) analyses and eudialyte-group mineral chemical c... |
The data describes the cell migration speed and the dynamical behavior of myosin regulatory light chain of wild-type human fibroblasts and AAVS1-modified cells.Immunofluorescent micrograph and time series of light microscopy data for WT cells and cells with a green fluorescent protein gene knocked-in at the AAVS1 locus... | This data article describes cellular dynamics, such as migration speed and mobility of the cytoskeletal protein, of wild-type human fibroblast cells and cells with a modified adeno-associated virus integration site 1 (AAVS1) locus on human chromosome 19.Insertion of exogenous gene into the AAVS1 locus has been conducte... |
fragment.Stable transgenic Xenopus laevis animals were generated with the 5.1 kb fragment as described in the Materials and Methods.As the main aim for generating this transgenic Xenopus laevis was to label the migrating neural crest, and because the expression of GFP in the Sox10-GFP is weak in the pre-migratory neura... | The neural crest is a multipotent population of cells that originates a variety of cell types.Many animal models are used to study neural crest induction, migration and differentiation, with amphibians and birds being the most widely used systems.A major technological advance to study neural crest development in mouse,... |
identify what is required of process models to be useful for on-line control, and to evaluate how existing approaches meet these requirements.Section 3.2 presented a generalised mathematical form for the closed-loop control of metal forming processes.If on-line solution of the optimisation problem takes a time T, then ... | This uncertainty leads to a degradation of product properties from customer specifications, which can be reduced by the use of closed-loop control.This leads to a survey of current and emerging applications across a broad spectrum of metal forming processes, and a discussion of likely developments. |
extended follow-up was not part of the original ISREP trial protocol and thus ethical approval was sought and granted to recontact and reconsent study participants.Participants who had consented to take part in the ISREP study were contacted by letter and telephone to invite them to take part in the follow-up assessmen... | Method: In the ISREP study 50 participants (86%) were followed up at 2 years, 15 months post treatment.Results: 25% of individuals with non-affective psychosis in the treatment group had engaged in paid work at some point in the year following the end of therapy, compared with none of the control group.Data from the PA... |
recovery which require a different intervention.However, it must be remembered that the affective psychosis subgroup in this study was small and this impacts upon our ability to draw definitive conclusions.This study adds to the growing evidence base for the use of psychological interventions to target social and funct... | Background: Social Recovery Therapy (SRT) is a cognitive behavioural therapy which targets young people with early psychosis who have complex problems associated with severe social disability.This paper provides a narrative overview of current evidence for SRT and reports new data on a 2 year follow-up of participants ... |
Demand for mobile wireless services continues to explode."Cisco's latest Visual Networking Index reports that “global mobile data traffic grew 70% in 2012,” driven by average connection speeds that more than doubled from 248 kbps to 526 kbps.Further, Cisco estimates that by 2017, global mobile data traffic will exceed ... | As demand for mobile broadband services continues to explode, mobile wireless networks must expand greatly their capacities.This paper describes and quantifies the economic and technical challenges associated with deepening wireless networks to meet this growing demand.Methods of capacity expansion divide into three ge... |
2014; and by 2020 demand will be more than double available capacity.While beginning to add 300 MHz of additional spectrum in 2014 narrows somewhat the capacity gap, even this is inadequate to keep the U.S. out of deficit beyond 2017.Indeed, to keep the U.S. out of deficit through 2022, the modeling suggests that total... | It goes on to measure the contribution of each of these methods to historical capacity growth within U.S. networks.Without significantly increasing current spectrum allocations by 560 MHz over the 2014-2022 period, the presented model suggests that U.S. wireless capacity expansion will be inadequate to accommodate expe... |
is known only from the sandveld on the coastal plain, typically 10–20 km inland, between Lepelfontein and Hondeklip Bay, a total range of about 200 km.Although the species may be locally common it is highly localised, and has been recorded from only four widely separated localities.The species occurs at an altitude of ... | The new species Elegia namaquense is similar to the widespread Elegia tectorum but differs strikingly in its well-developed rhizomes, smaller flowers and sparser female inflorescences, and in the indehiscent unilocular fruit (nutlet).It is the only species of Elegia found on the Namaqualand coastal plain and the only R... |
The World Health Organisation estimates that 10 million people worldwide require surgery to prevent corneal blindness as a result of trachoma, with a further 4.9 million suffering from total blindness due to corneal scarring.Even with adequate numbers of prospective cornea donors, a considerable discrepancy exists betw... | Due to its limitations, a concerted effort has been made by tissue engineers to produce functional, synthetic corneal prostheses as an alternative recourse.We applied this to the area of corneal tissue engineering in order to fabricate corneal structures that resembled the structure of the native human corneal stroma u... |
we observed the gelatine slurry gradually migrate towards the centre of the support structure to make way for the construct being printed.We also noted that, in the absence of a suitable support structure, corneal structures did not retain their curvature after aspiration of the slurry and that this likely occurred due... | Corneal transplantation constitutes one of the leading treatments for severe cases of loss of corneal function.However, successful translation of these therapies into the clinic has not yet been accomplished.These were 3D bioprinted from an in-house collagen-based bio-ink containing encapsulated corneal keratocytes.We ... |
This report is associated with the research article aimed at investigating the effect of weight loss due to laparoscopic gastric plication as a new bariatric surgical procedure on the human serum proteome .A total of 288 proteins was identified using a shotgun label-free proteomics experiment, of which 224 proteins wer... | Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for morbid obesity with a sustained weight loss and improvements in metabolic syndrome.We present a label free quantitative shotgun proteomics approach to analyze the serum proteome of obese people who underwent Laparoscopic Gastric Plication (LGP) as a new bariatric surgery.... |
The data of hemolysis analysis of C@ZVI, P@ZVI-Cdts and Cdts are shown in Fig. 1.Blood cell aggregation study data are provided in Fig. 2 and the cytotoxicity study data using normal fibroblast cells,L929 is given in Fig. 3.The fluorescence imaging data of P@ZVI-Cdts acquired using an optical imaging system is shown in... | Though nanoparticles are being used for several biomedical applications, the safety of the same is still a concern.It is very routine procedure to check the preliminary safety aspects of the particles intended for in vivo applications.The major tests include how the material reacts to a normal cell, how it behaves with... |
An inguinoscrotal hernia is defined as giant if descending below the midpoint of the inner thigh of a patient in upright position .It is an uncommon condition and rarely encountered in clinical practice.Severe complications such as duodenal and gastric perforation have been reported with high morbidity and mortality ra... | Introduction: An inguinoscrotal hernia is defined as giant if descending below the midpoint of the inner thigh of a patient in upright position.It is an uncommon condition and rarely encountered in clinical practice that can lead to severe complications such as gastric perforation.Presentation of case: We present a cas... |
L. by Cupido and Nelson.Our observations on hopliine pollination in annual Wahlenbergia species confirm the association of this pollination system with dark floral markings documented by Van Kleunen et al.The unique, large grey stigma lobes in Wahlenbergia capensis appear to mimic the color and texture of visiting hopl... | Plants have alternate leaves scattered along the stem and are otherwise distinguished in part by narrow calyx lobes and the presence of stylar glands at the base of the stigma lobes.Flowers of W. androsacea, W. capensis, and W. melanops conform to a specialized hopliine pollination system and we present observations do... |
other tested peptides.While we were never able to unequivocally establish whether or not the TCR-HLA-E*01:01/PM9 interaction was responsible for stimulation of these CD8+ STCL cells, it prompted us to test the PM9 peptide for binding to HLA-E.Binding of PM9 to both HLA-E*01:01 and –E*01:03 alleles was assessed using an... | Thus, following initial screen of over 400 HIV-1-derived 15-mer peptides, 4 novel 9-mer peptides PM9, RL9, RV9 and TP9 derived from 15-mer binders specifically stabilized surface expression of HLA-E*01:03 on the cell surface in two separate assays and 5 other binding candidates EI9, MD9, NR9, QF9 and YG9 give a binding... |
pathogenic SIVmac239 and subsequent complete clearance of SIVmac239 from the body .By inference, HLA-E likely plays an important role in balancing the immune responses to HIV-1 infection.However, to date, there has been only one HIV-1-derived epitope AISPRTLNA reported to bind HLA-E and inhibit NK cell attack .Here, to... | Non-classical class Ib MHC-E molecule is becoming an increasingly interesting component of the immune response.It is involved in both the adaptive and innate immune responses to several chronic infections including HIV-1 and, under very specific circumstances, likely mediated a unique vaccine protection of rhesus macaq... |
ions that showed the competitive metal ion enhancement such as Cd2+, Pb2+, and Hg2+, especially, Zn2+ strongly increased the fluorescent intensity of 6QOD + Fe3+.In order to gain insightful information about the binding behaviors of 6QOD to Hg2+ and 6QOD to Fe3+, a 1H NMR experiment was conducted to seek more evidence ... | One of the quinoline derivatives, 6QOD, shows a remarkable fluorescent enhancement in both Hg2+ in aqueous media and Fe3+ in CH3CN over other metal ions with a detection limit of 1.01 and 0.22 μM, respectively.Moreover, the complexation was proved to be a 1:1 stoichiometric binding by Job's plot and MS data.6QOD was co... |
Mass production in manufacturing puts greater emphasis on real-time asset location monitoring: pausing a production line to locate an asset can lead to significant losses when, for example, an engine is produced every 30 s at the Ford factory in Dagenham.Additionally, manufacturing agility and resilience increases if s... | Real-time asset tracking in indoor mass production manufacturing environments can reduce losses associated with pausing a production line to locate an asset.Complemented by monitored contextual information, e.g.machine power usage, it can provide smart information, such as which components have been machined by a worn ... |
protocols into error recovery.Again, the longer paths had a greater impact on the RSSI accuracy, resulting in an RMS error of 5.5 m, comparable to previous experiments, notwithstanding the improved multipath conditions .In Table 4 the ranging system is compared to contemporary systems that have been validated in indoor... | Deployed at a working indoor industrial facility the system demonstrated comparable RMS ranging accuracy (ToF 6 m and RSSI 5.1 m with 40 m range) to existing systems tested in non-industrial environments and a 12.6–13.8 m mean positioning accuracy. |
and 14/40 for SAS.The third patient was an EM on paroxetine who received 6 mg risperidone daily, and scored 4/14 for BAS, 1/40 for SAS and gained 4 kg.These patients, in theory, should have experienced the worst risperidone-induced movement disorders, but this was not the case.Similarly, a different patient was co-pres... | Background: Contradictory information exists regarding the influence of CYP2D6 polymorphisms on adverse drug reactions (ADRs) (extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) and weight gain) related to risperidone treatment.This prompted us to evaluate the influence of CYP2D6 genetic variation in a cohort of South African patients who ... |
carbon stocks in East African in protected areas since 1951.Wekesa et al. reported improvement in forest condition compared with previous studies, for example in Chawia forest, which has been a model of community based forest conservation.As land use change has been detected as one of the major sources for anthropogeni... | Land cover change takes place in sub-Saharan Africa as forests and shrublands are converted to agricultural lands in order to meet the needs of growing population.Changes in land cover also impact carbon sequestration in vegetation cover with an influence on climate on continental scale.The impact of land cover change ... |
in the recruitment of the mutant protein to the plasma membrane .In the present study, the recruitment of the dynamin 2 K562E mutant to endocytic pit was drastically decreased, supporting previous findings.Considering that actin remodeling is implicated in clathrin-mediated endocytosis , perturbation of actin dynamics ... | Specific mutations in dynamin 2 are linked to Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), an inherited peripheral neuropathy.However, the effects of these mutations on dynamin function, particularly in relation to the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton remain unclear.Here, selected CMT-associated dynamin mutants were expresse... |
literature, the term is generally used for Tis, T1, T2 lesions as a group.According to literature,18–22 our study showed that the oncologic results of laser surgery for selected patients in the treatment of Tis–T1 laryngeal cancer are equivalent to those achieved with open partial laryngectomy with less morbidity and u... | Introduction: Cordectomy by laringofissure and transoral laser surgery has been proposed for the treatment of early glottic cancer.Results: Margin status is related to recurrence rate in both groups (p < 0.05) without significant differences between open and laser cordectomy (p > 0.05).Lower tracheostomy rate, earlier ... |
of the environment by doubling the lifetime of existing buildings, thereby directly minimising the drain on non-renewable natural resources required for the construction of new buildings, but also prevents demolition waste.In addition, the proposed retrofitting solutions can improve safety and eliminate the social risk... | This paper explores innovative techniques by combining inorganic textile-based composites with thermal insulation for the simultaneous seismic and energy retrofitting of the existing old buildings.A brief state-of-the-art review on energy and seismic retrofitting materials and techniques is initially made, followed by ... |
subsequent exodus of the poor rather than of inclusive economic growth.This case therefore serves to caution both the research and policy community that what may appear as straight-forward and sometimes convenient causal relationships between economic growth and poverty reduction may at closer scrutiny involve more com... | This article is the introduction to a volume containing findings from a program conducted over five years in 11 Latin America countries, to answer three questions: (1) Are there rural territories that have experienced simultaneous economic growth, poverty reduction, and improved distribution of income?; (2) What factor... |
and validation procedures are under development in the project.A database of problems for verification of codes and models against analytical solutions and a Model Validation Database of experiments for validation of simulations covering a range of phenomena relevant to FCH safety are under construction.How changes in ... | The protocol covers all aspects of safety assessment modelling using CFD, from release, through dispersion to combustion (self-ignition, fires, deflagrations, detonations, and Deflagration to Detonation Transition - DDT) and not only aims to enable users to evaluate models but to inform them of the state of the art and... |
The cyclic fevers typically associated with malaria are caused by repeated cycles of Plasmodium multiplication inside host erythrocytes.During a cycle, which lasts 24–72 hr depending on the Plasmodium species, the merozoite form of the parasite invades an erythrocyte inside a vacuole where it transforms into 10–30 new ... | Surface-associated TRAP (thrombospondin-related anonymous protein) family proteins are conserved across the phylum of apicomplexan parasites.Blood stage forms of the malaria parasite Plasmodium express a TRAP family protein called merozoite-TRAP (MTRAP) that has been implicated in erythrocyte invasion.Using MTRAP-defic... |
membrane rupture.However, our PPLP2 stainings do not favor this view, since PPLP2 is secreted in the MTRAPKO.This also suggests that secretion of EM lysis effectors is not dependent on successful PVM rupture.While the dispensability of MTRAP for asexual growth in the blood excludes MTRAP as a valid target for antimalar... | Instead, MTRAP is essential for gamete egress from erythrocytes, where it is necessary for the disruption of the gamete-containing parasitophorous vacuole membrane, and thus for parasite transmission to mosquitoes. |
likely are sufficient to provide protection.In addition, the adjuvant in Circovac®, TS6 Immuneasy™, may have a critical role in protection especially if it can enhance cellular immunity.Cellular immunity was not tested in this study, but in a previous dam vaccination study, Circovac® induced a strong maternally-derived... | Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccination has been effective in protecting pigs from clinical disease and today is used extensively.Recent studies in vaccinated populations indicate a major PCV2 genotype shift from the predominant PCV2 genotype 2b towards 2d.The aims of this study were to determine the ability of th... |
run at minimum cost and be able to generate a quick view of sustainability performance in the early phases of the product development, which is essential in a normal automotive product-developing environment.This paper provides helpful clues for researchers interested in exploring full cost accounting by reviewing, ana... | Full cost accounting has been applied in many industrial settings that include the oil and gas, energy, chemical and waste management industries.Presently, it is not known how it can be applied in an automotive industry context.Therefore, the objective of this paper is to review existing full cost accounting methods an... |
Cardiac remodeling refers to the changes in the original material and cardiac morphology of the heart, such as changes in myocardial cell size, myocardial fibrosis, and increased collagen deposition."It is an adaptive reaction process for the repair of the body's lesions and the overall compensation of the ventricles .... | Millettia pulchra Kurz var-laxior (Dunn) Z. Wei, a wild-growing plant of the family Fabaceae is known to possess multifarious medicinal properties.17-Methoxyl-7-hydroxy-benzene-furanchalcone (MHBFC) is a flavonoid monomer extracted from its root, which has been used in traditional Chinese medicine, with a long history ... |
.Similarly, finding a signaling pathway that blocks MMVEC apoptosis and protects cell function is important for reversing the regulation of cardiac remodeling.Morphological observation by electron microscopy is the most classical and reliable method to determine apoptosis and is regarded as the gold standard for determ... | The present study was conducted to further investigate the regulatory mechanisms of MHBFC based on the endothelial nitric oxide synthase-nitric oxide (eNOS-NO) signaling pathway.The abdominal aorta of the male Sprague–Dawley rats was narrowed to induce cardiac remodeling, and the rats were given corresponding drugs for... |
unaffected by the NMDA receptor antagonist, MK-801.Thus, in PD, the loss of dopamine input to the striatum produces a sensitization that allows D1Rs to stimulate JNK/cJun signaling independently of NMDA receptor transmission.The D1R-driven stimulation of JNK occurs specifically in dSPN.Activation of these neurons suppr... | In a mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD), we show that the pharmacological activation of dopamine D1 receptors (D1R) produces a large increase in JNK phosphorylation.This effect is secondary to dopamine depletion, and is restricted to the striatal projection neurons that innervate directly the output structures of ... |
spend a lot of time and energy uncovering, understanding and keeping up-to-date with massive amounts of contingent details.The downside, that we hope to mitigate, is that useful congruencies between cases – a precondition for the ability to compare and learn – risk drowning in these details along with insufficiently el... | Traditional scientific policy approaches and tools are increasingly seen as inadequate, or even counter-productive, for many purposes.In response to these shortcomings, a new wave of approaches has emerged based on the idea that societal systems are irreducibly complex.The new categories that are thereby introduced – l... |
The horror of airborne infectious diseases subsided substantially in the 20th century in developed nations, largely due to implementation of hygiene practices and the development of countermeasures such as vaccination and antimicrobials.The recent emergence of zoonotic pathogens such as avian influenza A viruses and co... | Airborne pathogens — either transmitted via aerosol or droplets — include a wide variety of highly infectious and dangerous microbes such as variola virus, measles virus, influenza A viruses, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Bordetella pertussis.Emerging zoonotic pathogens, for example, MERS co... |
for example, in terms of health and hygiene standard and age distribution.Examples are tuberculosis in the working class in the age of industrialization and the Spanish flu during World War I.More distal factors are relevant at the country level including host population genetics, demography, public health strategies f... | Here, we synthesize insights from microbiological, medical, social, and economic sciences to provide known mechanisms of aerosolized transmissibility and identify knowledge gaps that limit emergency preparedness plans.The model is expected to enhance identification and risk assessment of novel pathogens. |
There is a growing realization that adipocytes, once believed to act merely as local reservoirs of energy and to provide mechanical and thermal insulation, also have numerous other roles in various tissues in health and disease.These range from systemic metabolic and immune regulation through to key functions in tissue... | Adipocytes have many functions in various tissues beyond energy storage, including regulating metabolism, growth, and immunity.However, little is known about their role in wound healing.We find that pupal fat body cells are not immotile, as previously presumed, but actively migrate to wounds using an unusual adhesion-i... |
access because this space was occupied by earlier-arriving FBCs, but they often remained in the vicinity and circulated at the periphery.Interestingly, both wound-recruited and late-arriving FBCs initially showed an increase in their meandering index, suggesting that both cell populations respond equally to wound attra... | Here we use live imaging of fat body cells, the equivalent of vertebrate adipocytes in Drosophila, to investigate their potential behaviors and functions following skin wounding.Thus, fat body cells are motile cells, enabling them to migrate to wounds to undertake several local functions needed to drive wound repair an... |
labs were an expected finding.Variations of the manufacturing process are mainly driven by the resulting TCR transfection levels, as well as on the precision of cell counts and the spike-in process.This variation across labs is acceptable, as the variation across aliquots of each batch is not affected.Even the batch-to... | Cell-based assays to monitor antigen-specific T-cell responses are characterized by their high complexity and should be conducted under controlled conditions to lower multiple possible sources of assay variation.However, the lack of standard reagents makes it difficult to directly compare results generated in one lab o... |
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