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791 | User-ID
Mode Description
If you use Kerberos SSO, you must use Redirect mode
because the browser will provide credentials only to trusted
sites. Redirect mode is also required if you use Multi-Factor
Authentication to authenticate Authentication Portal users.
Configure Authentication Portal
The following procedure show... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
792 | User-ID
with directory servers. You must enable Response Pages and User-ID in the Interface
Management profile.
3. (Non-MGT interface only) Configure a service route for the interface that the firewall
will use to authenticate users. If the firewall has more than one virtual system (vsys),
the service route can be glob... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
793 | User-ID
STEP 3 | Configure clients to trust Authentication Portal certificates.
Required for redirect mode—to transparently redirect users without displaying certificate
errors. You can generate a self-signed certificate or import a certificate that an external
certificate authority (CA) signed.
To use a self-signed ce... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
794 | User-ID
STEP 5 | (Optional) Configure Authentication Portal for the Apple Captive Network Assistant.
This step is only required if you are using Authentication Portal with the Apple Captive
Network Assistant (CNA). To use Authentication Portal with CNA, perform the following steps.
1. Verify you have specified an FQDN ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
795 | User-ID
firewall removes the mapping and any associated Authentication Timestamps used to
evaluate the Timeout in Authentication policy rules.
When evaluating the Authentication Portal Timer and the Timeout value in each
Authentication policy rule, the firewall prompts the user to re-authenticate for
whichever setting ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
796 | User-ID
For information about the terminal servers supported by the TS agent and the number of TS
agents supported on each firewall model, refer to the Palo Alto Networks Compatibility Matrix
and the Product Comparison Tool.
The following sections describe how to configure user mapping for terminal server users:
• Conf... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
797 | User-ID
STEP 2 | Run the installer as an administrator.
1. Open the Windows Start menu, right-click the Command Prompt program, and Run as
administrator.
2. From the command line, run the .msi file you downloaded. For example, if you saved the
TaInstall-9.0.msi file to the Desktop, then enter the following:
C:\Users\ad... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
798 | User-ID
used. To enable users to continue using applications when they run out of ports, disable
(clear) this option, but if you do, this traffic may not be identified with User-ID.
8. If the terminal server stops responding when you attempt to shut it down, enable the
Detach agent driver at shutdown option.
STEP 4 | (... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
799 | User-ID
STEP 5 | Configure the firewall to connect to the Terminal Server agent.
Complete the following steps on each firewall you want to connect to the Terminal Server
agent to receive user mappings:
1. Select Device > User Identification > Terminal Server Agents and Add a new TS agent.
2. Enter a Name for the Termin... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
800 | User-ID
STEP 7 | (Windows 2012 R2 servers only) Disable Enhanced Protected Mode in Microsoft Internet
Explorer for each user who uses that browser.
This task is not necessary for other browsers, such as Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox.
To disable Enhanced Protected Mode for all users, use Local Security Policy.
Perfor... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
801 | User-ID
When the firewall receives a <logout> message that includes a <blockstart> parameter,
it removes the corresponding IP address-port-user mapping from its mapping table.
When the firewall receives a <logout> message with a username and IP address, but no
<blockstart>, it removes the user from its table. And, if t... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
802 | User-ID
STEP 2 | (Optional) Generate a setup message that the terminal server will send to specify the port
range and block size of ports per user that your Terminal Server agent uses.
If the Terminal Server agent does not send a setup message, the firewall will automatically
create a Terminal Server agent configuratio... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
803 | User-ID
<entry name="acme\jjaso" ip="10.1.1.23" blockstart="20000">
<entry name="acme\jparker" ip="10.1.1.23" blockstart="20100">
<entry name="acme\ccrisp" ip="10.1.1.23" blockstart="21000">
</login>
</payload>
<type>update</type>
<version>1.0</version>
</uid-message>
The firewall uses this information to popul... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
804 | User-ID
user with the user ID jjaso is mapped to a source network address translation (SNAT) value of
10.1.1.23:20000-20099, the script you create should include the following:
[root@ts1 ~]# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -m owner --uid-owner
jjaso -p tcp -j SNAT --to-source 10.1.1.23:20000-20099
Similarly, the script... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
805 | User-ID
10.5.204.43 vsys1 5 2
To verify that the firewall is receiving mappings from a terminal server over XML:
admin@PA-5250> show user ip-port-user-mapping all
Global max host index 1, host hash count 1
XML API Multi-user System 10.5.204.43
Vsys 1, Flag 3
Port range: 20000 - 39999
Port size: star... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
806 | User-ID
Enable User- and Group-Based Policy
After you Enable User-ID, you will be able to configure Security Policy that applies to specific
users and groups. User-based policy controls can also include application information (including
which category and subcategory it belongs in, its underlying technology, or what t... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
807 | User-ID
Enable Policy for Users with Multiple Accounts
If a user in your organization has multiple responsibilities, that user might have multiple
usernames (accounts), each with distinct privileges for accessing a particular set of services, but
with all the usernames sharing the same IP address (the client system of ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
808 | User-ID
STEP 2 | Configure the rules that control user access based on the groups you just configured.
For more information, refer to Enable user- and group-based policy enforcement.
1. Configure a security rule that allows the corp_employees group to access email.
2. Configure a security rule that allows the network_s... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
809 | User-ID
Verify the User-ID Configuration
After you configure user and group mapping, enable User-ID in your Security policy, and
configure Authentication policy, you should verify that User-ID works properly.
STEP 1 | Access the firewall CLI.
STEP 2 | Verify that group mapping is working.
From the CLI, enter the follow... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
810 | User-ID
STEP 4 | Test your Security policy rule.
• From a machine in the zone where User-ID is enabled, attempt to access sites and
applications to test the rules you defined in your policy and ensure that traffic is allowed
and denied as expected.
• You can also troubleshoot the running configuration to determine whet... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
811 | User-ID
STEP 5 | Test your Authentication policy and Authentication Portal configuration.
1. From the same zone, go to a machine that is not a member of your directory, such as a
Mac OS system, and try to ping to a system external to the zone. The ping should work
without requiring authentication.
2. From the same mach... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
812 | User-ID
Deploy User-ID in a Large-Scale Network
A large-scale network can have hundreds of information sources that firewalls query to map
IP addresses to usernames and to map usernames to user groups. You can simplify UserID administration for such a network by aggregating the user mapping and group mapping
informati... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
813 | User-ID
configure Windows Log Forwarding, multiple domain controllers export their login events to a
single domain member from which a User-ID agent collects the user mapping information.
You can configure Windows Log Forwarding for Windows Server versions 2012 and 2012
R2. Windows Log Forwarding is not available for n... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
814 | User-ID
Bandwidth required for domain controllers to forward login events to member servers.
The bandwidth is a multiple of the login rate (number of logins per minute) of the domain
controllers and the byte size of each login event.
Domain controllers won’t forward their entire security logs, they forward only the eve... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
815 | User-ID
Configure User-ID for Numerous Mapping Information Sources
STEP 1 | Configure Windows Log Forwarding on the member servers that will collect login events.
Configure Windows Log Forwarding. This step requires administrative privileges for
configuring group policies on Windows servers.
STEP 2 | Install the Window... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
816 | User-ID
STEP 5 | Configure an LDAP server profile to specify how the firewall connects to the servers (up to
four) that contain domain mapping information.
User-ID uses this information to map DNS domain names to NetBIOS domain names. This
mapping ensures consistent domain/username references in policy rules.
To improv... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
817 | User-ID
4. Routes the traffic to the downstream appliance.
If you want to include the username and domain only when the user accesses specific domains,
configure a domain list and the firewall inserts the header only when a domain in the list matches
the Host header of the HTTP request.
To share user information with d... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
818 | User-ID
STEP 8 | Apply the URL filtering profile to the security policy rule for HTTP or HTTPS traffic.
STEP 9 | Select OK twice to confirm the HTTP header configuration.
STEP 10 | Commit your changes.
STEP 11 | Verify the firewall includes the username and domain in the HTTP headers.
• Use the show user user-ids all c... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
819 | User-ID
Data redistribution can be unidirectional (the agent provides data to the client) or bidirectional,
where both the agent and the client can simultaneously send and receive data.
To redistribute the data, you can use the following architecture types:
• Hub and spoke architecture for a single region:
To redistrib... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
820 | User-ID
information to firewalls do count. Also in this example, the top layer has two hops: the first to
aggregate information in one data center firewall and the second to share the information with
other data center firewalls.
Configure Data Redistribution
Before you configure data redistribution:
Plan the redistrib... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
821 | User-ID
STEP 2 | Add the agent using its Serial Number or its Host and Port.
• To add an agent using a serial number, select the Serial Number of the firewall you want to
use as a redistribution agent.
• To add an agent using its host and port information:
1. Enter the information for the Host.
2. Select whether the ho... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
822 | User-ID
STEP 5 | (Optional but recommended) Configure which networks you want to include in data
redistribution and which networks you want to exclude from data redistribution.
You can include or exclude networks and subnetworks when redistributing either IP addressto-tag mappings or IP address-to-username mappings.
A... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
823 | User-ID
STEP 8 | (Optional but recommended) Use a custom certificate from your enterprise PKI to establish a
unique chain of trust from the redistribution client to the redistribution agent.
1. On the redistribution client firewall, create a custom SSL certificate profile to use for
outgoing connections.
2. Select Devi... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
824 | User-ID
STEP 10 | Verify the agents correctly redistribute data to the clients.
1. View the agent statistics (Device > Data Redistribution > Agents) and select Status
to view a summary of the activity for the redistribution agent, such as the number of
mappings that the client firewall has received.
2. Confirm that the... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
825 | User-ID
Route Node 1: 198.51.100.1 (vsys1)
Share User-ID Mappings Across Virtual Systems
To simplify User-ID™ source configuration when you have multiple virtual systems, configure
the User-ID sources on a single virtual system to share IP address-to-username mappings and
username-to-group mappings with all other virtu... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
826 | User-ID
STEP 2 | Click Yes to confirm.
STEP 3 | Select the Mapping Type that you want to share then click OK.
• IP User Mapping—Share IP address-to-username mapping information with other virtual
systems.
• User Group Mapping—Share group mapping information with other virtual systems.
You must select at least one mappi... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
827 | User-ID
collect it independently. If you don’t want to share mappings from specific virtual systems,
configure those mappings on a virtual system that will not be used as the hub.
Use the same format for the Primary Username across virtual systems and firewalls.
1. Remove any sources that are unnecessary or outdated.
2... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
828 | App-ID
To safely enable applications on your network, the Palo Alto Networks next-generation firewalls
provide both an application and web perspective—App-ID and URL Filtering—to protect against a
full spectrum of legal, regulatory, productivity, and resource utilization risks.
App-ID enables visibility into the applic... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
829 | App-ID
App-ID Overview
App-ID, a patented traffic classification system only available in Palo Alto Networks firewalls,
determines what an application is irrespective of port, protocol, encryption (SSH or SSL) or
any other evasive tactic used by the application. It applies multiple classification mechanisms
—applicatio... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
830 | App-ID
Streamlined App-ID Policy Rules
Safely enable a broad set of applications with common attributes using a single policy rule (for
example, give your users broad access to web-based applications or safely enable all enterprise
VoIP applications). Palo Alto Networks takes on the task of researching applications wit... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
831 | App-ID
Create an Application Filter Based on Custom Tags
STEP 1 | Create a custom tag and apply to App-IDs.
1. (Optional) Remove tags from an application.
2. Filter or search for applications, then select the specific applications to remove tags.
3. Edit Tags and select the tags to remove.
4. Click OK.
PAN-OS® Administ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
832 | App-ID
STEP 2 | Create an application filter using one or more tags.
If you select more than one tag, applications must match both tags to be included in the filter.
STEP 3 | Create a security policy rule and Add your new application filter on the Application tab.
STEP 4 | Commit your changes.
PAN-OS® Administrator’s G... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
833 | App-ID
App-ID and HTTP/2 Inspection
You can now safely enable applications running over HTTP/2, without any additional
configuration on the firewall. As more websites continue to adopt HTTP/2, the firewall can
enforce security policy and all threat detection and prevention capabilities on a stream-by-stream
basis. This... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
834 | App-ID
when there is no value specified for this TLS extension, the firewall either downgrades HTTP/2
traffic to HTTP/1.1 or classifies it as unknown TCP traffic.
1. Select Objects > Decryption > Decryption Profile > SSL Decryption > SSL Forward
Proxy and then select Strip ALPN.
2. Attach the decryption profile to a de... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
835 | App-ID
Manage Custom or Unknown Applications
Palo Alto Networks provides weekly application updates to identify new App-ID signatures.
By default, App-ID is always enabled on the firewall, and you don't need to enable a series of
signatures to identify well-known applications. Typically, the only applications that are ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
836 | App-ID
Manage New and Modified App-IDs
New and modified App-IDs are delivered to the firewall as part of Applications and Threats
Content Updates. While new and modified App-IDs enable the firewall to enforce your security
policy with ever-increasing precision, changes in security policy enforcement that can occur
when... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
837 | App-ID
policy based on new App-IDs while ensuring constant availability for App-IDs that fall into
critical categories (Ensure Critical New App-IDs are Allowed).
STEP 4 | Set the schedule to Deploy Application and Threat Content Updates; this includes the option
to delay new App-ID installation until you’ve had time to... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
838 | App-ID
STEP 3 | Review the App-IDs this content release introduces or modifies since the last content
version.
New and modified App-IDs are listed separately. Full application details are provided for each,
and App-IDs that Palo Alto Networks foresees as having network-wide impact are flagged as
recommended for policy ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
839 | App-ID
See How New and Modified App-IDs Impact Your Security Policy
Newly-categorized and modified App-IDs can change the way the firewall enforces traffic.
Perform a content update policy review to see how new and modified App-IDs impact your
security policy, and to easily make any necessary adjustments. You can perfo... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
840 | App-ID
you manually install content) to assess how newly-categorized applications might impact security
policy enforcement and make any necessary adjustments.
STEP 1 | Select Objects > Application Filters and Add a new application filter.
STEP 2 | Define the types of new applications for which you want to ensure consta... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
841 | App-ID
App-ID characteristic on the ACC to get visibility into the new applications on your network, and
to generate reports that detail newly-categorized application activity. What you learn can help
you make the right decisions about how you to update your security policy to enforce the most
recently-categorized App-... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
842 | App-ID
Disable and Enable App-IDs
You can disable all App-IDs introduced in a content release if you want to immediately benefit
from the latest threat prevention, and plan to enable the App-IDs later, and you can disable AppIDs for specific applications.
Policy rules referencing App-IDs only match to and enforce traf... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
843 | App-ID
non-invasive setting provides monitoring capabilities while preventing unwanted changes from
blocking access to key applications in a production environment.
The App-ID TSIDs are packaged with Applications and Threats content updates and include TSID
entries for App-IDs that are slated for official release one m... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
844 | App-ID
STEP 4 | Enable App-ID TSID visibility by adding a Vulnerability Protection Rule in your Vulnerability
Protection security profile.
1. Update or create a new Vulnerability Protection security profile (Objects > Security Profiles
> Vulnerability Protection).
If you want to update an existing Vulnerability Securit... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
845 | App-ID
STEP 5 | Change the Vulnerability Protection rule precedence using the controls at the bottom of the
Vulnerability Protection profile configuration page so that the new rule is at the top.
STEP 6 | Test the new rule by selecting the rule and Find Matching Signatures. This will return
currently available App-ID T... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
846 | App-ID
to indicate App-ID TSIDs, verify that app-id-change has been selected in the Vulnerability
Protection Rule.
STEP 7 | Click on the Threat Name of one of the results for more details about the App-ID TSID.
STEP 8 | Click OK to save your Vulnerability Protection profile.
STEP 9 | Configure your Vulnerability Protec... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
847 | App-ID
Protection profile in the Security Policy rule(s) or in a Security Profile Group and using that
group in the Security Policy rule(s), based on how your policies are constructed.
• Vulnerability Profile applied directly to a Security Policy rule:
1. Go to Policies > Security and select a security policy rule that... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
848 | App-ID
3. Go to Policies > Security and select a security policy rule that you want monitored for
App-ID changes.
4. Navigate to the Actions tab and select Group from the Profile Type drop down.
5. In the Group Profile drop down, select the newly updated security profile group.
6. Click OK to save the changes.
7. Repea... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
849 | App-ID
the affected rule(s). Selecting the resulting Security Rule will bring you to that policy rule for
configuration.
You can cross reference affected rules by populating the threat logs and custom
reports with the Rule and Rule UUID data columns.
• Monitor activity on the firewall:
If you are using the Strata Cloud... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
850 | App-ID
threatid eq app-id-change ) to view logs that have triggered a matching App-ID
TSID, which can be identified by the Threat Category: app-id-change.
• Create a custom report on the firewall:
Palo Alto Networks recommends using the following configuration for the custom report to
view information relevant to the A... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
851 | App-ID
• Threat ID/Name
6. Define the Time Frame for the report (Last 7 Days is generally recommended; however,
also consider using a time frame most relevant since you downloaded and installed the
latest Application and Threats content update, which contain TSIDs).
7. (Optional) Select the Scheduled option to run the ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
852 | App-ID
Use Application Objects in Policy
Use application objects to define how your security policy handles applications.
• Create an Application Group
• Create an Application Filter
• Create a Custom Application
• Resolve Application Dependencies
Create an Application Group
An application group is an object that conta... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
853 | App-ID
STEP 5 | Commit the configuration.
Create an Application Filter
An application filter is an object that dynamically groups applications based on application
attributes that you define, including category, subcategory, technology, risk factor, and
characteristic. This is useful when you want to safely enable acce... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
854 | App-ID
Create a Custom Application
To safely enable applications you must classify all traffic, across all ports, all the time. With AppID, the only applications that are typically classified as unknown traffic—tcp, udp or non-syn-tcp
—in the ACC and the Traffic logs are commercially available applications that have n... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
855 | App-ID
downloading, so that you will be able to locate each type of session in the resulting packet
captures (PCAPs).
• Because the firewall by default takes packet captures for all unknown traffic, if the firewall
is between the client and the server you can view the packet capture for the unknown
traffic directly fro... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
856 | App-ID
STEP 3 | Define details about the application, such as the underlying protocol, the port number the
application runs on, the timeout values, and any types of scanning you want to be able to
perform on the traffic.
On the Advanced tab, define settings that will allow the firewall to identify the application
proto... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
857 | App-ID
STEP 4 | Define the criteria that the firewall will use to match the traffic to the new application.
You will use the information you gathered from the packet captures to specify unique string
context values that the firewall can use to match patterns in the application traffic.
1. On the Signatures tab, click A... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
858 | App-ID
condition or a group and click Move Up or Move Down. You cannot move conditions
from one group to another.
7. Click OK to save the signature definition.
STEP 5 | Save the application.
1. Click OK to save the custom application definition.
2. Click Commit.
STEP 6 | Validate that traffic matches the custom applica... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
859 | App-ID
STEP 3 | Click OK and Commit your changes.
1. Review any Commit warnings in the App Dependency tab.
2. Select the Count to view the application dependencies not included.
3. Select the Rule name to open the policy and add the dependencies.
Resolve any dependent applications or they’ll continue to generate warnin... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
860 | App-ID
Safely Enable Applications on Default Ports
Applications running on unusual ports can indicate an attacker that is attempting to circumvent
traditional port-based protections. Application-default is a feature of Palo Alto Networks firewalls
that gives you an easy way to prevent this type of evasion and safely en... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
861 | App-ID
Using application-default as part of an application-based security policy and with SSL
decryption is a best practice. Additionally, if you have existing security policy rules that
control web-browsing traffic with the Service set to service-http and service-https, you
should update those rules to use application... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
862 | App-ID
Applications with Implicit Support
When creating a policy to allow specific applications, you must also be sure that you are allowing
any other applications on which the application depends. In many cases, you do not have to
explicitly allow access to the dependent applications for the traffic to flow because th... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
863 | App-ID
Application Implicitly Supports
esignal http
evernote http, ssl
ezhelp http
facebook http, ssl
facebook-chat jabber
facebook-social-plugin http
fastviewer http, ssl
forticlient-update http
good-for-enterprise http, ssl
google-cloud-print http, ssl, jabber
google-desktop http
google-talk jabber
google-update http... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
864 | App-ID
Application Implicitly Supports
kerberos rpc
kik http, ssl
lastpass http, ssl
logmein http, ssl
mcafee-update http
megaupload http
metatrader http
mocha-rdp t_120
mount rpc
ms-frs msrpc
ms-rdp t_120
ms-scheduler msrpc
ms-service-controller msrpc
nfs rpc
oovoo http, ssl
paloalto-updates ssl
panos-global-protect h... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
865 | App-ID
Application Implicitly Supports
rdp2tcp t_120
renren-im jabber
roboform http, ssl
salesforce http
stumbleupon http
supremo http
symantec-av-update http
trendmicro http
trillian http, ssl
twitter http
whatsapp http, ssl
xm-radio rtsp
PAN-OS® Administrator’s Guide Version 10.2 866 ©2025 Palo Alto Networks, Inc. | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
866 | App-ID
Security Policy Rule Optimization
Policy Optimizer provides a simple workflow to migrate your legacy Security policy rulebase
to an App-ID based rulebase, which improves your security by reducing the attack surface and
gaining visibility into applications so you can safely enable them. Policy Optimizer identifie... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
867 | App-ID
• Identify over-provisioned application-based rules—Rules that are too broad allow applications
you don’t use on your network, which increases the attack surface and the risk of inadvertently
allowing malicious traffic.
Remove unused applications from Security policy rules to reduce the attack surface
and keep t... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
868 | App-ID
Sorting and Filtering Security Policy Rules
You can filter Security policy rules to see the port-based rules, which are rules with no
applications configured on them (Policies > Security > Policy Optimizer > No App Specified). You
can also filter to see the rules that have applications configured on them, but tr... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
869 | App-ID
• Traffic (Bytes, 30 days)—The amount of traffic seen on the rule over the last 30 days. The 30-
day window places rules that currently match the most traffic at the top of the list by default (a
longer time frame places more emphasis on older rules that would remain at the top of the list
because they have larg... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
870 | App-ID
• The rule’s Action must be Allow.
• The rule’s Log Setting must be Log at Session End (this is the default Log Setting). Rules that
Log at Session Start are ignored to prevent counting transient applications.
• Valid traffic must match the rule. For example, if the session ends before enough traffic passes
thro... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
871 | App-ID
For the rules you see in Policies > Security > Policy Optimizer > No App Specified and Policies >
Security > Policy Optimizer > Unused Apps, clicking Compare or the Apps Seen number brings
up Applications & Usage, which gives you a view of the applications seen on the rule and the
ability to sort them. Applicati... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
872 | App-ID
You can sort the applications seen on the rule by all six of the Apps Seen statistics (Apps Seen is
not updated in real time and takes an hour or longer to update, depending on the volume of traffic
and number of rules).
• Applications—Alphabetical by application name. If you configure specific ports or port ran... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
873 | App-ID
Set the Timeframe to display statistics for a particular time period—Anytime, the Past 7 days, the
Past 15 days, or the Past 30 days.
Traffic (30 days) always displays only the last 30 days of traffic in bytes. Changing the
Timeframe does not change the duration of the Traffic (30 days) bytes measurement.
Clicki... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
874 | App-ID
STEP 1 | Find the UUID of the Security policy rule whose application usage data you want to clear.
There are two ways to find the UUID in the UI:
• In Policies > Security, copy the UUID from the Rule UUID column.
• In Policies > Security, select Copy UUID in the rule Name drop-down menu.
STEP 2 | Switch from the... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
875 | App-ID
STEP 1 | Identify port-based rules.
Port-based rules have no configured (allowed) applications. Policies > Security > Policy
Optimizer > No App Specified displays all port-based rules (Apps Allowed is any).
STEP 2 | Prioritize which port-based rules to convert first.
Policies > Security > Policy Optimizer > No A... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
876 | App-ID
with each application’s Risk, the date it was First Seen, the date it was Last Seen, and the
amount of traffic over the last 30 days.
You can check Applications seen on port-based rules over the past 7, 15, or 30 days, or
over the rule’s lifetime (Anytime). For migrating rules, Anytime provides the most complete... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
877 | App-ID
STEP 4 | Clone or add applications to the rule to specify the applications you want to allow on the
rule.
On Applications & Usage, convert a port-based rule to an application-based rule in either of
two ways:
• Clone the rule—Preserves the original port-based rule and places the cloned applicationbased rule dir... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
878 | App-ID
dependencies, if required. For example, to clone a rule by selecting the slack-base
application:
The green text is the selected application to clone. The container application (slack) is in
the gray row. The applications listed in italics are applications that have not been seen on
the rule but are in the same c... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
879 | App-ID
individual application, the five individual applications in the container app, and the dependent
application for the container app. However, in the original port-based rule, Apps Seen shows
13 applications because only the individual application, the container app, and the container
app’s dependent application a... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
880 | App-ID
default (Add Container App, which adds all the applications in the container, is selected
by default) to help prevent the rule from breaking in the future.
3. If you want to allow all of the applications in the container, leave Add container app
selected. This also “future proofs” the rule because when an applic... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
881 | App-ID
application usage information, convert rules using Add to This Rule, Create Cloned Rule, or
Match Usage in Apps Seen.
1. In Apps on Rule, Add (or Browse) and select applications to add to the rule. This is
equivalent to adding applications on the Application tab.
2. Click OK to add the applications to the rule a... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
882 | App-ID
Cloning the rule retains the original port-based rule and places the cloned rule directly above
the port-based rule in the rulebase, so you can monitor the rules. Cloning also allows you to split
rules that see a lot of different applications—such as a port-based web traffic rule—into multiple
application-based ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
883 | App-ID
STEP 3 | Use the sorting options to review and select the applications you want to allow from Apps
Seen.
The number of Apps Seen is updated approximately every hour, so if you don’t see as
many applications as you expect, check again after about an hour. Depending on the
firewall’s load, it may take longer than ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
884 | App-ID
STEP 5 | Select the applications you want in the cloned rule.
For applications you don’t want to include, uncheck the corresponding box, which also
unchecks the container app. If you don’t include the container app, then when new apps are
added to the container, they won’t automatically be added to the rule.
If ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
885 | App-ID
Add Applications to an Existing Rule
In some cases, you may want to add applications learned (seen) on a port-based rule to a rule
that already exists. For example, an administrator may create a cloned application-based rule
for general business web applications from a port-based rule that allows internet access... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
886 | App-ID
STEP 2 | Select the general business apps you want to add to the existing rule.
STEP 3 | Click Add to Existing Rule and select the Name of the rule to which you want to add the
applications, in this example, general-business-applications.
STEP 4 | Click OK in Add Apps to Existing Ruleto add the selected applicat... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
887 | App-ID
Identify Security Policy Rules with Unused Applications
If you have application-based Security policy rules that allow a large number of applications, you
can remove unused applications (applications never seen on the rules) to tighten those rules so
that they only allow applications actually seen in traffic tha... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
888 | App-ID
days. Excluding rules with recently reset hit counters prevents misconceptions about rules
that show fewer hits than you expect because you didn’t know the counter was reset.
You can also use Hit Count to View Policy Rule Usage.
You can also click Traffic (Bytes, 30 days) to sort by the amount of traffic a rule ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
889 | App-ID
When you click the Apps on Rule number, the Apps on Rule dialog displays the individual
applications allowed, but not the container app itself.
You cannot add or delete applications from the pop-up dialog.
Compare the Apps Seen on the rule to the Apps on Rule. If an application on the rule isn’t used
(you don’t ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
890 | App-ID
STEP 6 | Monitor updated rules and listen to user feedback to ensure that updated rules allow the
applications you want to allow and don’t inadvertently block periodically used applications.
The number of Apps Allowed and Apps Seen are updated approximately every hour.
After you remove all of the unused applicat... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
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