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891 | App-ID
STEP 2 | Select the Policy Application Usage check box to enable the feature and deselect the check
box to disable the feature.
PAN-OS® Administrator’s Guide Version 10.2 892 ©2025 Palo Alto Networks, Inc. | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
892 | App-ID
App-ID Cloud Engine
The App-ID Cloud Engine (ACE) is a service that enables the firewall or Panorama to download
App-IDs from the cloud for applications that do not have specific predefined App-IDs from the
Palo Alto Networks content update team. ACE provides specific App-IDs for applications that the
firewall o... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
893 | App-ID
• ssl—Encrypted SSL traffic is by far the most common type of network traffic, with most experts
claiming that it exceeds 90% of total traffic. If you don’t or can’t decrypt that traffic, the
firewall often can only identify it as ssl instead of as the actual underlying application.
• web-browsing—The firewall c... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
894 | App-ID
Prepare to Deploy App-ID Cloud Engine
There are several prerequisite onboarding tasks to do before the firewall can use the App-ID
Cloud Engine (ACE). You can deploy ACE on standalone firewalls or use Panorama to deploy ACE
on managed firewalls.
Before a firewall can use ACE to provide specific App-IDs for traff... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
895 | App-ID
• All ACE appliances must be able to connect to the US, APAC, or EU GCP region, depending on
your location (the region is selected automatically based on your Strata Logging Service region).
Verify that the firewall uses the correct Content Cloud FQDN (Device > Setup > Content-ID >
Content Cloud Setting) for you... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
896 | App-ID
STEP 5 | (Required when the firewall is deployed with an explicit proxy server) Configure the proxy
server used to access the servers that facilitate requests generated by all configured inline
cloud analysis features. A single proxy server can be specified and applies to all Palo Alto
Networks update services, ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
897 | App-ID
management interface has an explicit proxy configured, you can’t use it for the data services
service route for ACE because it can’t connect to all of the services. In this case, you must use
a dataplane interface on the firewall to connect to the data services.
Panorama uses the management port by default to co... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
898 | App-ID
STEP 8 | (Panorama only) Enable ACE on any Panorama appliance that manages ACE-enabled
firewalls. (PAN-OS administrator.)
ACE is disabled by default on Panorama.
If you push ACE configurations to managed groups that do not have ACE-enabled
firewalls (some or all firewalls in the group do not have ACE enabled), t... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
899 | App-ID
To enable or disable ACE:
STEP 1 | Navigate to Device > Setup > ACE > Settings on the firewall or Panorama > Setup > ACE >
Settings on Panorama.
STEP 2 | Click edit ( ) and then either de-select Disable App-ID Cloud Engine to enable ACE or select
Disable App-ID Cloud Engine to disable ACE.
ACE is disabled by def... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
900 | App-ID
ID, then ACE sends the full signature back to the firewall. If the traffic doesn’t match any ACE
signatures, then ACE sends the payload to the Machine Learning (ML) engine. The ML engine
analyzes the payload and develops a new App-ID in conjunction with the human content team.
The ML engine sends the new App-ID ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
901 | App-ID
• The firewall caches some information so that the firewall can avoid repeatedly sending data to
the cloud and requesting verdicts. If the firewall is waiting for a verdict from ACE, the firewall
doesn’t forward the same application data twice.
• On the firewall, a particular container app and its functional app... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
902 | App-ID
• When you create Application Filters, exclude ssl and web-browsing from the filters. Together,
ssl and web-browsing match all browser-based cloud applications, so an Application Filter that
includes ssl and web-browsing matches all browser-based cloud applications.
• Active/Passive High Availability:
• The Acti... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
903 | App-ID
New App Viewer (Policy Optimizer)
The Policy Optimizer New App Viewer shows you the Security policy rules that match
downloaded cloud App-IDs from ACE. Use Policy Optimizer to manage the newly identified
applications and add them to cloned rules or to existing rules. Select Policies > Security and then
select Ne... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
904 | App-ID
Using Application Filters is a best practice because they:
• Improve your security posture. Application Filters automate adding new ACE App-IDs to
Security policy rules that you design specifically to handle a particular type of application
traffic, instead of matching the traffic to more general ssl or web-brow... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
905 | App-ID
Filter—you use the same filtering tools and options. This step shows you how to use Policy
Optimizer first for creating a cloned and then for adding to an existing rule.
Create Cloned Rule:
1. Type the Cloned Rule Name (the name for the cloned rule, which will appear in the Security
policy rulebase immediately a... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
906 | App-ID
5. Click OK to add the applications to the new or existing Application Filter. The firewall
includes the applications that you selected in Step 3 in the Application Filter.
6. Commit the changes.
Add Apps to an Application Group with Policy Optimizer
Add App-IDs from the App-ID Cloud Engine (ACE) to Application ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
907 | App-ID
STEP 4 | Select Application Group from Create Cloned Rule or Add to Existing Rule, depending on
how you want to handle the applications.
The maximum number of applications you can clone using Create Cloned Rule is 1,000
applications. If there are more than 1,000 applications that you want to move to a
different ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
908 | App-ID
applications to the cloned rule. Add the dependent applications to the rule to ensure that
the selected applications function properly.
6. Click OK to add the applications to the new or existing Application Group.
7. Commit the changes.
Add Apps to Existing Rule:
1. Select the Existing Rule Name to add the selec... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
909 | App-ID
select whether to add those applications to the cloned rule. Add the dependent applications
to the rule to ensure that the selected applications function properly.
5. Click OK to add the applications to the new or existing Application Group.
6. Commit the changes.
Add Apps Directly to a Rule with Policy Optimize... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
910 | App-ID
STEP 4 | Select Applications from Create Cloned Rule or Add to Existing Rule, depending on how you
want to handle the applications.
The maximum number of applications you can clone using Create Cloned Rule is 1,000
applications. If there are more than 1,000 applications that you want to move to a
different rule,... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
911 | App-ID
the cloned rule. Add the dependent applications to the rule to ensure that the selected
applications function properly.
4. Click OK to add the applications to the cloned rule.
5. Commit the changes.
Add Apps to Existing Rule:
1. Select the Name of the existing rule to which you want to add the selected applicati... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
912 | App-ID
those applications to the cloned rule. Add the dependent applications to the rule to ensure
that the selected applications function properly.
4. Click OK to add the applications to the existing rule.
5. Commit the changes.
Replace an RMA Firewall (ACE)
To restore the configuration on a managed firewall when ther... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
913 | App-ID
Impact of License Expiration or Disabling ACE
If you enable App-ID Cloud Engine (ACE) on a firewall, download ACE App-IDs to the firewall, and
then use those App-IDs in objects such as Application Filters and in Security policy rules, then you
need to understand what happens if the SaaS Security Inline license e... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
914 | App-ID
If it becomes necessary to roll back App-IDs, ACE reverts all of the most recently delivered cloudbased App-IDs, signatures, metadata, categories, subcategories, and tags from the ACE catalog.
Removing the App-IDs from the catalog removes them from the firewall, which is why the commit
action fails when the App... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
915 | App-ID
• Panorama commit all/push to managed firewalls fails. Check if any of the following conditions
exist and repair them:
• Do managed firewalls have a valid SaaS Security Inline license? If not, then they do not
have the ACE catalog and the commit all/push operation fails. Depending on whether you
want to managed ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
916 | App-ID
> app-objects-in-policy Show application-filter/applicationgroups referred in policy
> app-to-filtergroup-mapping Show application to matched filter
and groups
> application Show Application info for UI
> application-filter Show cloud apps in applicationfilters
> application-group Show cloud apps in applicati... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
917 | App-ID
SaaS App-ID Policy Recommendation
The rapid proliferation of SaaS applications makes it difficult to assign all of them specific AppIDs, gain visibility into those applications, and control them. Security policy rules that allow ssl,
web-browsing, or “any” application may allow unsanctioned SaaS applications th... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
918 | App-ID
deletes a policy rule recommendation, the PAN-OS administrator sees the action and deletes the
rule from the firewall Security policy rulebase.
If the SaaS Security Inline license expires, the firewall no longer pulls SaaS policy
recommendations, so you see no new recommendations. However, Security policy rules
... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
919 | App-ID
STEP 1 | Device > Policy Recommendation > SaaS on the firewall and Panorama > Policy
Recommendation > SaaS on Panorama show all of the SaaS policy recommendations pushed
from the SaaS administrator. Push policy recommendations from Panorama to managed
firewalls.
STEP 2 | Refresh ( ) Device > Policy Recommendatio... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
920 | App-ID
protocol. Be aware of the intent of the imported rule and be careful not to shadow existing
rules.
The Description comes from the description entered when the SaaS administrator created the
rule. You can change it or leave it as-is.
The import process automatically creates an Application Group for the applicatio... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
921 | App-ID
STEP 1 | Refresh ( ) Device > Policy Recommendation > SaaS (or Panorama > Policy
Recommendation > SaaS) to ensure that you see all of the latest SaaS policy
recommendations that the SaaS administrator pushed to the firewall.
STEP 2 | Check New Updates Available.
If the value in the New Updates Available column i... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
922 | App-ID
STEP 2 | Click Remove Recommendation Mapping.
This removes local mapping of the Security policy rule on the firewall. For example, mappings
to locations, users, and the rule are deleted. The Remove Recommendation Mapping dialog
box shows you the location of the rule so that you know from where the rule is remove... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
923 | App-ID
Application Level Gateways
The Palo Alto Networks firewall does not classify traffic by port and protocol; instead it identifies
the application based on its unique properties and transaction characteristics using the AppID technology. Some applications, however, require the firewall to dynamically open pinhole... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
924 | App-ID
App-ID IPv4 NAT IPv6 NPTv6 NAT64
Oracle/
SQLNet/ TNS
—
RPC — — —
RSH — — —
UNIStim — — —
H.225 — — —
H.248 — — —
PAN-OS® Administrator’s Guide Version 10.2 925 ©2025 Palo Alto Networks, Inc. | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
925 | App-ID
Disable the SIP Application-level Gateway (ALG)
The Palo Alto Networks firewall uses the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) application-level
gateway (ALG) to open dynamic pinholes in the firewall where NAT is enabled. However, some
applications—such as VoIP—have NAT intelligence embedded in the client applicatio... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
926 | App-ID
STEP 5 | Close the Application dialog box and Commit the change.
PAN-OS® Administrator’s Guide Version 10.2 927 ©2025 Palo Alto Networks, Inc. | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
927 | App-ID
Use HTTP Headers to Manage SaaS Application Access
Unsanctioned usage of SaaS applications can be a way for your users to transmit sensitive
information outside of your network, usually by accessing a consumer version of an application.
However, if you need to allow access to the enterprise version of these appl... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
928 | App-ID
The following limits apply to HTTP header insertion:
• Header name character length: 100.
• Header value character length: 16K.
Be aware that some SaaS applications might define custom header names, or assign
values to their custom headers, that exceed these limits. These situations should be
rare, but if a SaaS... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
929 | App-ID
Application Headers For More Information
1. Create an SSL decryption profile that
includes the following categories and URLs:
• business-and-economy
• computer-and-internet-info
• content-delivery-networks
• internet-communications-andtelephony
• low-risk
• online-storage-and-backup
• search-engine
• web-based-... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
930 | App-ID
Application Headers For More Information
the Azure portal. Sign in as an administrator,
select Azure Active Directory, then select
Properties.
YouTube YouTube-Restrict support.google.com/a/answer/6214622?
hl=en
You provide this header with information on
the type of videos you want your users to be
able to view.... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
931 | App-ID
Create HTTP Header Insertion Entries using Predefined Types
STEP 1 | If there are no upstream devices already decrypting HTTPS traffic, configure SSL Forward
Proxy decryption.
If you're configuring SSL decryption for Dropbox, then you must also configure your
Dropbox clients to allow SSL traffic. These procedure... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
932 | App-ID
STEP 5 | Add or edit a Security policy rule (Policies > Security) to include the HTTP header insertion
URL Filtering profile.
• For SaaS application management, allow users to access the SaaS application for which
you're configuring this header insertion rule.
• To include the username and domain in the HTTP hea... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
933 | App-ID
STEP 4 | Add an entry.
1. Specify a Name for this entry.
2. Select Custom as the Type.
3. Add domains to the Domains list.
You can add up to 50 domains and each domain name can have up to 256 characters;
wildcards are supported (for example, *.example.com).
HTTP header insertion occurs when a domain in this list... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
934 | App-ID
Maintain Custom Timeouts for Data Center Applications
Easily maintain custom timeouts for applications as you move from a port-based policy to an
application-based policy. Use this method to maintain custom timeouts instead of overriding AppID (losing application visibility) or creating a custom App-ID (expendi... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
935 | App-ID
the second FIN packet or RST packet. If the timer expires, the session closes. The value
range is 1 - 604800, and the default value is 120 seconds.
• Enter a TCP Wait Time value to set the maximum length of time in seconds that a session
remains in the session table after receiving the second FIN packet or a RST... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
936 | Device-ID
• Device-ID Overview
• Prepare to Deploy Device-ID
• Configure Device-ID
• Manage Device-ID
• CLI Commands for Device-ID
937 | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
937 | Device-ID
Device-ID Overview
According to the 2020 Unit 42 IoT Threat Report, 30% of all network-connected devices in an
average enterprise are IoT. This presents a constantly growing area of risk with many possibilities
for exploitation by malicious users. Additionally, once you identify these devices, how do you
secu... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
938 | Device-ID
When a firewall imports security policy rule recommendations and IP address-to-device mappings
from IoT Security, the firewall sends its device certificate to an edge server to authenticate itself.
The edge server authenticates itself to the firewall by sending its own certificate. The firewall uses
Online Ce... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
939 | Device-ID
firewall observes this type of request, it generates EALs to send to the logging service, where IoT
Security accesses them for analysis.
To observe traffic on an L2 interface, you must configure a VLAN for that interface. By
allowing the firewall to treat the interface as an L3 interface for a DHCP relay, it ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
940 | Device-ID
Prepare to Deploy Device-ID
To prepare your network for Device-ID deployment, complete the following predeployment tasks
to enable your firewall to generate and send Enhanced Application logs (EALs) to the logging
service for processing and analysis by IoT Security for policy rule recommendation generation.
S... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
941 | Device-ID
STEP 5 | Use App-IDs to allow the necessary traffic for Device-ID and IoT Security.
Purpose App-ID
Retrieve policy rule recommendations and allow
traffic between the IoT Security app and your firewall
or Panorama.
paloalto-iot-security
Allow traffic for all EALs and all session logs. paloalto-logging-service
... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
942 | Device-ID
Purpose Address TCP Port
apac.iot.servicesedge.paloaltonetworks.com
Japan
jp.iot.servicesedge.paloaltonetworks.com
Australia
au.iot.servicesedge.paloaltonetworks.com
(PAN-OS versions 10.0.0
and later) Let nextgeneration firewalls
download device dictionary
files from the update
server.
updates.paloaltonet... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
943 | Device-ID
Purpose Address TCP Port
Forward logs to Strata
Logging Service.
PAN-OS versions 10.0.0 - 10.0.2 connect to the edge services FQDN in the Americas
region by default (iot.services-edge.paloaltonetworks.com). For
firewalls running these PAN-OS versions to connect to the edge services FQDN in
other regions, you ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
944 | Device-ID
Purpose Address TCP Port
(PAN-OS versions 10.0.0 and
later) Let next-generation firewalls
download device dictionary files from
the update server.
updates.paloaltonetworks.com 443
(IoT Security subscription + Strata
Logging Service) Forward logs to
Strata Logging Service.
See TCP Ports and FQDNs Required for ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
945 | Device-ID
isolated VLAN in the switching infrastructure instead of connecting the DHCP server
host directly to the firewall.
• If you want to use a tap interface to gain visibility into DHCP traffic that the firewall doesn’t
usually observe due to the current configuration or topology of the network, use the
following ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
946 | Device-ID
Configure Device-ID
Complete the following tasks to import the IP address-to-device mappings and policy rule
recommendations from IoT Security to your firewall or Panorama.
If you use Panorama to manage multiple firewalls, Palo Alto Networks strongly
recommends upgrading all firewalls in your Device-ID deploy... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
947 | Device-ID
STEP 3 | Import the IP address-to-device mappings and policy rule recommendations to the firewall or
Panorama.
1. Import the policy rule recommendation.
• On the firewall, select Device > Policy Recommendation > IoT.
• For Panorama, select Panorama > Policy Recommendation > IoT then push the policy
rules to t... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
948 | Device-ID
STEP 5 | Commit your changes.
STEP 6 | Verify your Security policy is correct.
1. Select Policies then select the rule you created from the policy rule recommendation.
IoT Security assigns a Description that contains the source device object and Tags
to identify the source device object and that this rule is ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
949 | Device-ID
Manage Device-ID
Perform the following tasks as needed to ensure your policy rule recommendations and device
objects are current or to restore policy rule recommendation mappings.
STEP 1 | Update your policy rule recommendation whenever the New Updates Available column
displays Yes for that recommendation.
As... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
950 | Device-ID
STEP 3 | In some cases (for example, if you restore a previous configuration), the policy rule
recommendation-to-policy rule mappings may become out of sync. You must also sync the
mappings on each firewall after you push the policy rules from Panorama to the firewalls that
Panorama manages. To sync the mappi... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
951 | Device-ID
CLI Commands for Device-ID
Use the following CLI commands to view information for troubleshooting any issues between the
firewall and IoT Security. In general, CLI commands that include eal show counters for outgoing
data and CLI commands that include icd show counters for incoming data.
Example Command
View ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
952 | Device-ID
Example Command
View a list of IP address-to-device mappings on
the data plane.
show iot ip-device-mapping all
Clear the IP address-to-device mappings on the
management plane.
debug iot clear-all type
device
Clear the IP address-to-device mappings on the
data plane.
clear user-cache all
PAN-OS® Administrator’... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
953 | Device-ID
PAN-OS® Administrator’s Guide Version 10.2 954 ©2025 Palo Alto Networks, Inc. | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
954 | Quality of Service
Quality of Service (QoS) is a set of technologies that work on a network to guarantee its ability
to dependably run high-priority applications and traffic under limited network capacity. QoS
technologies accomplish this by providing differentiated handling and capacity allocation to
specific flows in... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
955 | Quality of Service
QoS Overview
Use QoS to prioritize and adjust quality aspects of network traffic. You can assign the order in
which packets are handled and allot bandwidth, ensuring preferred treatment and optimal levels
of performance are afforded to selected traffic, applications, and users.
Service quality measur... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
956 | Quality of Service
and assign that traffic a QoS class. The matching traffic is then shaped based on the QoS profile
class settings as it exits the physical interface.
Each of the QoS configuration components influence each other and the QoS configuration
options can be used to create a full and granular QoS implementa... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
957 | Quality of Service
QoS Concepts
Use the following topics to learn about the different components and mechanisms of a QoS
configuration on a Palo Alto Networks firewall:
• QoS for Applications and Users
• QoS Policy
• QoS Profile
• QoS Classes
• QoS Priority Queuing
• QoS Bandwidth Management
• QoS Egress Interface
• Qo... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
958 | Quality of Service
Because QoS is enforced on traffic as it egresses the firewall, the QoS policy rule is applied to
traffic after the firewall has enforced all other security policy rules, including Network Address
Translation (NAT) rules. However, the firewall evaluates QoS rules based on the contents of
the original... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
959 | Quality of Service
QoS Priority Queuing
One of four priorities can be enforced for a QoS class: real-time, high, medium, and low. Traffic
matching a QoS policy rule is assigned the QoS class associated with that rule, and the firewall
treats the matching traffic based on the QoS class priority. Packets in the outgoing ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
960 | Quality of Service
• Egress Guaranteed—The amount of bandwidth guaranteed for matching traffic. When the
egress guaranteed bandwidth is exceeded, the firewall passes traffic on a best-effort basis.
Bandwidth that is guaranteed but is unused continues to remain available for all traffic.
Depending on your QoS configurat... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
961 | Quality of Service
Because QoS is enforced on traffic as it egresses the firewall, the QoS policy rule is applied to
traffic after the firewall has enforced all other security policy rules, including Network Address
Translation (NAT) rules. However, the firewall evaluates QoS rules based on the contents of
the original... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
962 | Quality of Service
Configure QoS
Follow these steps to configure Quality of Service (QoS), which includes creating a QoS profile,
creating a QoS policy, and enabling QoS on an interface.
Before you create a QoS policy rule, make sure you understand that the set of IPv4 addresses is
treated as a subset of the set of IPv... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
963 | Quality of Service
STEP 2 | Identify the egress interface for applications that you want to receive QoS treatment.
The egress interface for traffic depends on the traffic flow. If you are shaping incoming
traffic, the egress interface is the internal-facing interface. If you are shaping outgoing
traffic, the egress int... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
964 | Quality of Service
STEP 3 | Add a QoS policy rule.
A QoS policy rule defines the traffic to receive QoS treatment. The firewall assigns a QoS class
of service to the traffic matched to the policy rule.
Because QoS is enforced on traffic as it egresses the firewall, your QoS policy rule is
applied to traffic after the f... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
965 | Quality of Service
STEP 4 | Add a QoS profile.
A QoS profile allows you to define the eight classes of service that traffic can receive, including
priority, and enables QoS Bandwidth Management.
You can edit any existing QoS profile, including the default, by clicking the QoS profile name.
1. Select Network > Network P... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
966 | Quality of Service
profile Egress Guaranteed is 56Mbps (56% x Egress Max). This also means that Class 1
Egress Guaranteed is 30Mbps, Class 2 Egress Guaranteed is 20Mbps, and so on.
4. In the Classes section, specify how to treat up to eight individual QoS classes:
1. Add a class to the QoS Profile.
2. Select the Priori... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
967 | Quality of Service
STEP 5 | Enable QoS on a physical interface.
Part of this step includes the option to select clear text and tunneled traffic for unique QoS
treatment.
Check if the firewall model you’re using supports enabling QoS on a subinterface by
reviewing a summary of the Product Specifications.
1. Select Netwo... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
968 | Quality of Service
Traffic tab automatically override the default profile settings for clear text and tunneled
traffic on the Physical Interface tab.
• Select Clear Text Traffic and:
• Set the Egress Guaranteed and Egress Max bandwidths for clear text traffic.
• Click Add and apply a QoS profile to enforce clear text t... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
969 | Quality of Service
STEP 7 | Verify a QoS configuration.
Select Network > QoS and then Statistics to view QoS bandwidth, active sessions of a
selected QoS class, and active applications for the selected QoS class.
For example, see the statistics for ethernet 1/3 with QoS enabled:
Class 2 traffic limited to 2.343 Mbps of... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
970 | Quality of Service
Configure Lockless QoS
The Palo Alto Networks firewalls supports two types of QoS:
• Legacy QoS—In legacy QoS mode, the firewall supports both QoS and non-QoS traffics, where
the legacy QoS shapes the QoS traffic.
• (PAN-OS 10.2.5 and later 10.2 releases) Lockless QoS —In Lockless QoS mode, the firew... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
971 | Quality of Service
QoS, the firewall falls back to the legacy QoS behavior, if you have already configured legacy
QoS before enabling Lockless QoS.
STEP 3 | Use the operational command set lockless-qos no to disable the Lockless QoS. As a
result, Lockless QoS isn't supported on the firewall.
username@hostname> set lock... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
972 | Quality of Service
Configure QoS for a Virtual System
QoS can be configured for a single or several virtual systems configured on a Palo Alto
Networks firewall. Because a virtual system is an independent firewall, QoS must be configured
independently for a single virtual system.
Configuring QoS for a virtual system is ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
973 | Quality of Service
STEP 2 | Identify traffic to apply QoS to.
Select ACC to view the Application Command Center page. Use the settings and charts on the
ACC page to view trends and traffic related to Applications, URL filtering, Threat Prevention,
Data Filtering, and HIP Matches.
To view information for a specific virt... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
974 | Quality of Service
STEP 3 | Identify the egress interface for applications that you identified as needing QoS treatment.
In a virtual system environment, QoS is applied to traffic on the traffic’s egress point on the
virtual system. Depending the configuration and QoS policy for a virtual system, the egress
point of Qo... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
975 | Quality of Service
STEP 4 | Create a QoS Profile.
You can edit any existing QoS Profile, including the default, by clicking the profile name.
1. Select Network > Network Profiles > QoS Profile and click Add to open the QoS Profile
dialog.
2. Enter a descriptive Profile Name.
3. Enter an Egress Max to set the overall ba... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
976 | Quality of Service
prioritized and shaped only for that virtual system (and not for other virtual systems through
which the traffic might flow).
1. Select Policies > QoS and Add a QoS Policy Rule.
2. Select General and give the QoS Policy Rule a descriptive Name.
3. Specify the traffic to which the QoS policy rule will... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
977 | Quality of Service
STEP 6 | Enable the QoS Profile on a physical interface.
It is a best practice to always define the Egress Max value for a QoS interface.
1. Select Network > QoS and click Add to open the QoS Interface dialog.
2. Enable QoS on the physical interface:
1. On the Physical Interface tab, select the Inter... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
978 | Quality of Service
active sessions of a selected QoS node or class, and active applications for the selected QoS
node or class.
• In a multi-vsys environment, sessions cannot span multiple systems. Multiple sessions are
created for one traffic flow if the traffic passes through more than one virtual system. To
browse s... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
979 | Quality of Service
Enforce QoS Based on DSCP Classification
A Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) is a packet header value that can be used to request
(for example) high priority or best effort delivery for traffic. Session-Based DSCP Classification
allows you to both honor DSCP values for incoming traffic and to... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
980 | Quality of Service
STEP 2 | Define the traffic to receive QoS treatment based on DSCP value.
1. Select Policies > QoS and Add or modify an existing QoS rule and populate required
fields.
2. Select DSCP/ToS and select Codepoints.
3. Add DSCP/ToS codepoints for which you want to enforce QoS.
4. Select the Type of DSCP/To... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
981 | Quality of Service
STEP 5 | Enable DSCP Marking.
Mark return traffic with a DSCP value, enabling the inbound flow for a session to be marked
with the same DSCP value detected for the outbound flow.
1. Select Policies > Security and Add or modify a security policy.
2. Select Actions and in the QoS Marking drop-down, cho... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
982 | Quality of Service
QoS Use Cases
The following use cases demonstrate how to use QoS in common scenarios:
• Use Case: QoS for a Single User
• Use Case: QoS for Voice and Video Applications
Use Case: QoS for a Single User
A CEO finds that during periods of high network usage, she is unable to access enterprise
applicatio... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
983 | Quality of Service
her company network username. (If User-ID is not configured, the administrator could Add
the CEO’s IP address under Source Address. See User-ID.):
The admin associates the CEO’s traffic with Class 1 (Other Settings tab) and then continues
to populate the remaining required policy fields; the admin gi... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
984 | Quality of Service
STEP 5 | He clicks Statistics to view how traffic originating with the CEO (Class 1) is being shaped as it
flows from ethernet 1/2:
This case demonstrates how to apply QoS to traffic originating from a single source
user. However, if you also wanted to guarantee or shape traffic to a destination user... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
985 | Quality of Service
STEP 1 | The admin creates a QoS profile, defining Class 2 so that Class 2 traffic receives real-time
priority and on an interface with a maximum bandwidth of 1000 Mbps, is guaranteed a
bandwidth of 250 Mbps at all times, including peak periods of network usage.
Real-time priority is typically recomm... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
986 | Quality of Service
QoS to, choosing the Subcategory voip-video, and narrowing that down by specifying only
voip-video applications that are both low-risk and widely-used.
The application filter is a dynamic tool that, when used to filter applications in the QoS policy,
allows QoS to be applied to all applications that ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
987 | Quality of Service
to outgoing communications) and to the internal-facing interface (to apply QoS to incoming
communications).
The admin begins by enabling the QoS profile he created, ensure voice-video traffic (Class 2 in
this profile is associated with policy, Voice-Video) on the external-facing interface, in this ca... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
988 | VPNs
Virtual private networks (VPNs) create tunnels that allow users/systems to connect securely
over a public network, as if they were connecting over a local area network (LAN). To set up a
VPN tunnel, you need a pair of devices that can authenticate each other and encrypt the flow of
information between them. The de... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
989 | VPNs
VPN Deployments
The Palo Alto Networks firewall supports the following VPN deployments:
• Site-to-Site VPN— A simple VPN that connects a central site and a remote site, or a hub and
spoke VPN that connects a central site with multiple remote sites. The firewall uses the IP
Security (IPSec) set of protocols to set ... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
990 | VPNs
Site-to-Site VPN Overview
A VPN connection that allows you to connect two Local Area Networks (LANs) is called a site-tosite VPN. You can configure route-based VPNs to connect Palo Alto Networks firewalls located at
two sites or to connect a Palo Alto Networks firewall with a third-party security device at anothe... | https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/pdf/pan-os/10-2/pan-os-admin/pan-os-admin.pdf |
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