text
stringlengths
9
3.55k
source
stringlengths
31
280
CodeSignal, initially called CodeFights, was founded in 2014 by Tigran Sloyan, Aram Shatakhtsyan, and Felix Desroches. CodeFights provided a platform for developers to compete in head-to-head timed coding challenges. In 2017, CodeFights began to offer an interview practice mode.In 2018, the company changed the name of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CodeSignal
The CodeSignal platform consists of Tech Screen, Pre-Screen, and Interview products used by technical recruiters and hiring managers to source and qualify candidates for software engineering positions. Users select from a bank of coding tasks, create custom coding questions, or use a skills assessment framework like th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CodeSignal
An informant or consultant in linguistics is a native speaker or member of a community who acts as a linguistic reference for a language or speech community being studied. The informant's role is that of a senior interpreter, who demonstrates native pronunciation, provides grammaticality judgments regarding linguistic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informant_(linguistics)
In any research situation, there is "an unequal relationship between investigator and informants" – if that inequality already existed before the research, it tends to amplify it. (This power differential is generally true despite clear examples of shifting power dynamics between researcher and informant, which are imp...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informant_(linguistics)
Standard contributions to this discussion stressed the importance of not engaging in unethical behaviors, such as "coercing subjects to participate or neglecting to get informed consent from them; exploiting or abusing them in the course of research; violating their privacy or breaching confidentiality." These standard...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informant_(linguistics)
This advocacy can take many forms, but is characterized by its impulse to somehow give back to the community that the researcher is studying. This can be taken a step further when linguists give the communities access to their findings or data, so that the communities can use it to advocate for themselves, which is cha...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informant_(linguistics)
Ben Rampton used 'feedback' techniques in his study of Asian schoolboys, and Norma Mendoza-Denton also did in her work with Californian cholas' views on makeup. These questions of advocacy also have larger implications, namely in a critique of the positivist methods generally used for research in the social sciences. =...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informant_(linguistics)
In music, standard tuning refers to the typical tuning of a string instrument. This notion is contrary to that of scordatura, i.e. an alternate tuning designated to modify either the timbre or technical capabilities of the desired instrument.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_tuning
The most popular bowed strings used nowadays belong to the violin family; together with their respective standard tunings, they are: Violin – G3 D4 A4 E5 (ascending perfect fifths, starting from G below middle C) Viola – C3 G3 D4 A4 (a perfect fifth below a violin's standard tuning) Cello – C2 G2 D3 A3 (an octave lower...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_tuning
The double bass is properly the contrabass member of the viol family. Its smaller members are tuned in ascending fourths, with a major third in the middle, as follows: Treble viol – D3 G3 C4 E4 A4 D5 (ascending perfect fourths with the exception of a major third between strings 3 and 4) Tenor viol – G2 C3 F3 A3 D4 G4 (...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_tuning
Guitars and bass guitars have more standard tunings, depending on the number of strings an instrument has. six-string guitar (the most common configuration) – E2 A2 D3 G3 B3 E4 (ascending perfect fourths, with an exception between G and B, which is a major third). Low E falls a major third above the C on a standard-tun...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_tuning
six-string bass – B0 E1 A1 D2 G2 C3 (identical to 5-stringed bass with the addition of a high C string a perfect fourth above the G). Baritone (older use) / 6 string bass (older use) such as the Fender Bass VI – E1 A1 D2 G2 B2 E3 (Similar to a standard guitar but an octave lower, and often played like a standard guitar...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_tuning
Other plucked string instruments and their respective standard tunings include: Banjo (Five-stringed): G4 D3 G3 B3 D4 for bluegrass; old time and folk banjoists use this and a wide variety of other tunings Mandola: C3 G3 D4 A4 (same as standard viola tuning) Mandolin: G3 D4 A4 E5 (same as standard violin tuning) Pipa: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_tuning
A plastic bottle is a bottle constructed from high-density or low density plastic. Plastic bottles are typically used to store liquids such as water, soft drinks, motor oil, cooking oil, medicine, shampoo, milk, and ink. The size ranges from very small bottles to large carboys. Consumer blow molded containers often hav...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
Plastic bottles were first used commercially in 1947, but remained relatively expensive until the early 1950s when high-density polyethylene was introduced. They quickly became popular with both manufacturers and customers because compared to glass bottles, plastic bottles are lighter, cheaper and easier to transport. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
The materials used in the manufacture of plastic bottles vary by application.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
High-density polyethylene (HDPE) HDPE is the most widely used resin for plastic bottles. This material is economical, impact resistant, and provides a good moisture barrier. HDPE is compatible with a wide range of products including acids and caustics but is not compatible with solvents. It is supplied in FDA-approved ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
HDPE is naturally translucent and flexible. The addition of color will make HDPE opaque, but not glossy. HDPE lends itself to silk screen decoration.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
While HDPE provides good protection at below freezing temperatures, it cannot be used with products filled above 190 °F (88 °C) or products requiring a hermetic (vacuum) seal. Fluorine-treated HDPE These bottles are exposed to fluorine gas in a secondary operation, are similar in appearance to HDPE, and serve as a barr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) LDPE is similar in composition to HDPE. It is less rigid and generally less chemically resistant than HDPE, but is more translucent. LDPE is used primarily for squeeze applications.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
LDPE is significantly more expensive than HDPE. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PETE) / Polyester This resin is commonly used for carbonated beverages, water bottles, and food packaging. PET provides very good alcohol and essential oil barrier properties, generally good chemical resistance (although acetones and keton...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
The orienting process serves to improve gas and moisture barrier properties and impact strength. This material is not resistant at high temperature. Its maximum temperature is 200 °F (93 °C).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
Polycarbonate (PC) PC is a clear plastic used to make bottles for milk and water. Five-gallon water bottles are a common application of PC. Polypropylene (PP) PP is used primarily for jars and closures.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
It is rigid and is a barrier to moisture. Polypropylene is stable at temperatures up to 220 °F (104 °C). It is autoclavable and offers the potential for steam sterilization.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
The compatibility of PP with high filling temperatures is responsible for its use with hot fill products. PP has excellent chemical resistance, but provides poor impact resistance in cold temperatures. Polystyrene (PS) PS is transparent and rigid.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
It is commonly used with dry products, including vitamins, petroleum jellies, and spices. Polystyrene does not provide good barrier properties, and exhibits poor impact resistance. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) PVC is naturally clear.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
It has high resistance to oils, and has transmits very little oxygen. It provides a strong barrier to most gases, and its drop-impact resistance is also very good. This material is chemically resistant, but it is vulnerable to some solvents.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
PVC has poor resistance to high temperatures and will distort at 160 °F (71 °C), making it incompatible with hot-filled products. It has attained notoriety in recent years due to potential health risks. Post-consumer resin (PCR) PCR is a blend of reclaimed natural HDPE (primarily from milk and water containers) and vir...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
The recycled material is cleaned, ground and recompounded into uniform pellets along with prime virgin material especially designed to build up environmental stress crack resistance. PCR has no odor but exhibits a slight yellow tint in its natural state.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
This tint can be hidden by the addition of color. PCR is easily processed and inexpensive.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
However, it cannot come into direct contact with food or pharmaceutical products. PCR can be produced in a variety of recycled content percentages up to 100%.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
K-Resin (SBC) SBC is a highly transparent, high-gloss, impact-resistance resin. K-Resin, a styrene derivative, is processed on polyethylene equipment. It is specifically incompatible with fats and unsaturated oils or solvents. This material is frequently used for display and point-of-purchase packaging.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
Bioplastic A bioplastic is a polymer structure based on processed biological materials rather than petrochemicals. Bioplastics are commonly made from renewable sources like starch, vegetable oil, and less commonly, chicken feathers. The idea behind bioplastic is to create a plastic that has the ability to biodegrade. B...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
There is ongoing concern as to the use of plastics in consumer food packaging solutions, environmental impact of the disposal of these products, as well as concerns regarding consumer safety. Karin Michaels, Associate Professor at Harvard Medical School, suggests that toxins leaching from plastics might be related to d...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
Plastic water bottle plants hold a low priority for inspection due to a continuously good safety record. In the past, the FDA maintained that there was a lack of human data showing plastics pose health problems. However, in January 2010, the FDA reversed its opinion saying they now have concerns about health risks.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
An article published on 6 November 2017 in Water Research reported on the content of microplastics in mineral waters packed in plastic or glass bottles, or beverage cartons. In 2018, research conducted by Sherri Mason from the State University of New York in Fredonia revealed the presence of polypropylene, polystyrene,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
The study also mentioned that polypropylene and polyethylene are polymers that are often used to make plastic bottle caps. Also, 4% of retrieved plastic particles were found to have signatures of industrial lubricants coating the polymer. The research was reviewed by Andrew Mayes of the University of East Anglia (UEA) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
Plastic bottles are marked at their base with the resin identification code to indicate the material used.Product labels are attached with adhesive or are shrunk to fit. In-mould labelling is a process of building the label into the bottle during molding.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
An accordion bottle or collapsible bottle is a plastic bottle designed to store darkroom chemicals or any other chemical that is highly susceptible to oxidation. They work by being able to squeeze down to remove excess air from the bottle to extend the life of the product. An alternate benefit is minimizing storage, tr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
Bottles, used for storing carbonated water and soft drinks, has an uneven bottom for stability reasons. The technology was developed and patented by Lithuanian Domas Adomaitis in 1971.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
Soroka, W. (2002). Fundamentals of Packaging Technology. IoPP.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
ISBN 1-930268-25-4 Yam, K. L. (2009). Encyclopedia of Packaging Technology. 978-0-470-0870
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bottle
Condom fatigue is a term used by medical professionals and safer sex educators to refer to the phenomenon of decreased condom use. It is related to decreased effectiveness of safer sex messages because people who realize the necessity of condoms still perpetuate the phenomenon. It is typically expressed as a frustratio...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condom_fatigue
Condom fatigue is linked to increased HIV infection, as consistent condom use can significantly lower one's risk of transmitting or catching HIV.Condom fatigue is not a universal phenomenon. In Germany, condom use between new sexual partners has increased between 1994 and 2010 from 65% to 87%. That being said, it is se...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condom_fatigue
Historically, gay men are most often the sufferers of condom fatigue. For gay men, condom fatigue can be linked to length of relationship, as men who have been practicing safer sex for longer time periods are more likely to present fatigue. Condom fatigue can also be related to fears about sex, in part due to condom us...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condom_fatigue
Condom fatigue is further related to the HIV/AIDS epidemic as not using a condom puts men who have sex with men at a higher risk of contracting the disease.Although condom fatigue is often cited as a reason for inconsistent condom use, it is not necessarily expressed as a complete disavowal of condoms. Many gay men con...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condom_fatigue
Condom fatigue also affects people in heterosexual encounters. This has become more of an issue as the AIDS epidemic has spread from mainly affecting gay males to affecting women and heterosexual males at comparable or higher rates. In heterosexual relationships, the woman often relies on the man to provide condoms, ma...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condom_fatigue
HIV infection is increasing at a rate of 12% annually among 13–24-year-old American men who have sex with men. Experts attribute this to "AIDS fatigue" among younger people who have no memory of the worst phase of the epidemic in the 1980s and early 1990s, as well as "condom fatigue" among those who have grown tired of...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condom_fatigue
Gold points was a term which referred to the rates of foreign exchange likely to cause movements of gold between countries adhering to the gold standard.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_points
In accordance with the law of supply and demand, the concept determined that the fluctuating limits of currency fixed the cost of money between the place where the bill was drawn and that in where it was payable. In the exchanges rates between gold-standard countries, these limits were known as the gold points, for the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_points
Conceptual dependency theory is a model of natural language understanding used in artificial intelligence systems. Roger Schank at Stanford University introduced the model in 1969, in the early days of artificial intelligence. This model was extensively used by Schank's students at Yale University such as Robert Wilens...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceptual_dependency_theory
Partly influenced by the work of Sydney Lamb, his goal was to make the meaning independent of the words used in the input, i.e. two sentences identical in meaning, would have a single representation. The system was also intended to draw logical inferences.The model uses the following basic representational tokens: real...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceptual_dependency_theory
A.I.s is a themed anthology of science fiction short works edited by American writers Jack Dann and Gardner Dozois. It was first published in paperback by Ace Books in December 2004. It was reissued as an ebook by Baen Books in June 2013.The book collects ten novelettes and short stories by various science fiction auth...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A.I.s
"Preface" (Jack Dann and Gardner Dozois) "Antibodies" (Charles Stross) "Trojan Horse" (Michael Swanwick) "Birth Day" (Robert Reed) "The Hydrogen Wall" (Gregory Benford) "The Turing Test" (Chris Beckett) "Dante Dreams" (Stephen Baxter) "The Names of All the Spirits" (J. R. Dunn) "From the Corner of My Eye" (Alexander Gl...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A.I.s
Representation theory (RT) is a theoretical linguistic framework in the generative tradition, created and developed by Edwin S. Williams – chiefly in an eponymous monograph of 2003. Williams compares it with other frameworks such as Noam Chomsky's minimalist program, and argues that his proposal has significant descrip...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representation_theory_(linguistics)
The Society for Commercial Archeology is the oldest national organization devoted to the study of buildings, artifacts, structures, signs, and symbols of the 20th-century Commercial culture. The SCA activities include publications, conferences, and tours to help preserve, document, architecture of the 20th century, inc...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Society_for_Commercial_Archeology
The Australian Service Nurses National Memorial is on Anzac Parade, the principal ceremonial and memorial avenue of Canberra, the capital city of Australia. The memorial honours past and present nurses of the Australian Defence Force, serving in the Royal Australian Navy, Australian Army, and Royal Australian Air Force...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Service_Nurses_National_Memorial
The memorial is made of cast glass. There are two waved lines each of two sets of panels. The front wall incorporates the words, "beyond all praise". Etched and cast into the inner walls are text and images, in a timeline sequence, portraying the history and contribution of Australian Service Nursing.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Service_Nurses_National_Memorial
The memorial also incorporates a collage of pictures and diary entries in the original handwriting. Some panels are blank, symbolic of the inconclusive nature of any memorial to a service group.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Service_Nurses_National_Memorial
The interlocking walls are symbolic of nurturing hands. A contemplative space surrounded with rosemary (for remembrance) has a reflective pool fountain and the symbols of the armed forces. There are also places for additional plaques to name occasions when nurses have served.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Service_Nurses_National_Memorial
The memorial was funded through the efforts of the Australian Service Nurses National Memorial Fund Committee, whose members have included: Ita Buttrose Wilma Oram Betty Jeffrey Vivian BullwinkelPrincipal Donors to the memorial included: Australian Nursing Federation (Victorian Branch) Health Care Of Australia New Sout...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Service_Nurses_National_Memorial
Behavior informatics (BI) is the informatics of behaviors so as to obtain behavior intelligence and behavior insights. BI is a research method combining science and technology, specifically in the area of engineering. The purpose of BI includes analysis of current behaviors as well as the inference of future possible b...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior_informatics
Typical BI tasks consist of individual and group behavior formation, representation, computational modeling, analysis, learning, simulation, and understanding of behavior impact, utility, non-occurring behaviors etc. for behavior intervention and management. The Behavior Informatics approach to data utilizes cognitive ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior_informatics
By combining the data, BI has the potential to effectively illustrate the big picture when it comes to behavioral decisions and patterns. One of the goals of BI is also to be able to study human behavior while eliminating issues like self-report bias. This creates more reliable and valid information for research studie...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior_informatics
Behavior informatics covers behavior analytics which focuses on analysis and learning of behavioral data.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior_informatics
From an Informatics perspective, a behavior consists of three key elements: actors (behavioral subjects and objects), operations (actions, activities) and interactions (relationships), and their properties.A behavior can be represented as a behavior vector, all behaviors of an actor or an actor group can be represented...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior_informatics
Behavior Informatics is being used in a variety of settings, including but not limited to health care management, telecommunications, and marketing. Behavior Informatics is a turning point for the health care system. Behavior Informatics provides a manner in which to analyze and organize the many aspects that go into a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior_informatics
When it comes to business models, behavior informatics may be utilized for a similar role. Organizations implement behavior informatics to enhance business structure and regime where it helps moderate ideal business decisions and situations. == References ==
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior_informatics
This page lists the classifications of scholarship; the classifications, thesauri or maps developed to categorise scholarly research. Classifications have been created by many organisations to classify scholarly research. The kinds of activity covered by these classifications include the research itself, the outputs of...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classifications_of_scholarship
Some cover the whole of scholarly endeavour; some cover broad fields, such as medicine; some cover entire disciplines, such as physics; some cover a specific sub-discipline, such as high-energy physics. In total there are probably hundreds or thousands of different classifications. The classifications have found new ap...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classifications_of_scholarship
These agencies include the OECD and the U.S. National Research Council. A conference on science mapping standards was held in 2013 at Indiana University.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classifications_of_scholarship
Units of Assessment for the UK Research Excellence Framework Rodman Grants Keyword Thesaurus Australian and New Zealand Standard Research Classification Frascati Manual
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classifications_of_scholarship
UCSD Science Map Medical Subject Headings (MESH) Medical thesaurus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classifications_of_scholarship
High-Energy Physics Taxonomy == References ==
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classifications_of_scholarship
Modern European ink painting (sometimes called the "New Ink Movement" or the "New Ink Art") is an emerging style that reaches beyond traditional Asian ink painting in scope and treatment of a minimalist-art. Contemporary ink painting is developing and establishing the recognition it deserves and gaining its own place a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_European_ink_painting
List of notable painters can include Chou Lu Yun, Irene (1924-2011), Chui Tze-Hung (b. 1936), Kan Tai-Keung (b. 1942), Koo Mei, Carrie (b.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_European_ink_painting
1929), Leung But-Yin (b. 1940), Leung Kui-Ting (b.1945), Ng Yiu-Chung (1935-1987), Poon Chun-Wah (b.1936), Wong King-Seng (b. 1928), Yeung Yick-Chung (1921-1981) and others. Lui Shou-kwan and his followers (up to the present times) reinterprets Chinese ink art in the form of Western modernism.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_European_ink_painting
The founder of the European/Western variant/contribution to the (mainly Asian) Modern ink painting movement is Alfred Freddy Krupa. Krupa who is not a follower of Lui Shou-kwan (and in China is called "the Foreign Master") is doing something essentially opposite/different from Shou Kwan and his group, he reinterprets W...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_European_ink_painting
Indigenous feminism is an intersectional theory and practice of feminism that focuses on decolonization, Indigenous sovereignty, and human rights for Indigenous women and their families. The focus is to empower Indigenous women in the context of Indigenous cultural values and priorities, rather than mainstream, white, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
While some women continue to hold considerable power within their tribal nations and traditional societies, many others have lost their leadership roles within their communities; others may live outside of traditional communities altogether. Women who hold power in their communities, or in the world at large, may also ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
Surviving generations of ongoing genocide, colonisation, and racism have resulted in priorities for Indigenous women that may differ from those of mainstream feminism. Mainstream feminists have often been unwilling to prioritize issues which are urgent crises in Indigenous communities. For example, the Missing and Murd...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
The central role of the ancestral landbase, and current land rights and environmental struggles, connect Indigenous feminism to some aspects of ecofeminism. Differentiating Indigenous feminism from mainstream white feminism and its related forms of feminism (including liberal feminism and Orientalist feminism) is impor...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
In most Indigenous communities, it is colonisation and Christianity that have brought about the most profound and harmful changes in the standing and treatment of women.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
Through colonisation, Indigenous people became subject to a racist patriarchal system that significantly shifted the social, economic, and cultural practices of pre-contact Indigenous societies. The economic, political, and spiritual power granted to women in Indigenous communities was threatening to the arriving Europ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
The struggles faced by Indigenous people today are due to the actions taken by settlers to assert dominance through colonization. White settlers often brought a new type of economic system from their European nation that included the idea of private property, ownership, and gendered labor, which was forced onto Indigen...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
This act defined women's status as inferior to men's. Indigenous identity and status were now determined based on a patrilineal blood line, which cost women much of their social and political power. The political and spiritual power of women are often connected, as the spiritual or theoretical role for women can inform...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
Colonizers also worked to restructure Indigenous social systems to fit within the white settler ideal by labeling any transgressors, such as women, as “criminally insane” for “breaching racial and social conventions.” Through institutionalization of Indigenous women in psychiatric hospitals and penal systems, colonizer...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
Indigenous feminism seeks to build on traditional models while also incorporating modern, intersectional feminist ideas. Indigenous feminism diverges from postcolonial feminism, as some have argued that postcolonial theory in general has largely ignored the histories of colonialism as it exists for Indigenous populatio...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
In "Who Stole Native American Studies?" Elizabeth Cook-Lynn discusses the significant debate about what constitutes post-colonial, and who gets the privilege of naming when a society becomes post-colonial.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
As a result, many have moved to Indigenous feminism as a way to redress these issues with postcolonial feminism. The development of modern Indigenous feminism came out of a counterinsurgency against the attempt to apply western feminism equally and effectively to all women regardless of their experiences. Such attempts...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
Building off of the theory of intersectionality from Kimberle Crenshaw, Indigenous feminist theory seeks to reverse the ways that White feminism "conflates or ignores intragroup differences. "Cheryl Suzack and Shari M. Huhndorf argue in Indigenous Women and Feminism: Politics, Activism and Culture that: "Although Indig...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
Indigenous feminism is a direct result of, and a direct answer to the colonization and continued oppression of Indigenous peoples around the world. The need to question cultural practices from within allows Indigenous women to actively shape their own communities and helps encourage self-determination and cultural owne...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
Similarly, Indigenous feminism is set apart from other Indigenous rights movements, such as Indigenous liberation theory, because those theories have "not been attentive to the gendered ways in which colonial oppression and racism function for men and women, or to the inherent and adopted sexisms that some communities ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
If we are to reject equality in favour of difference, then we need to make sure those differences are embedded in systems that empower all members. If we see feminism as being too invested in Western liberalism and individual autonomy, then we need to ensure that our collectivist approaches serve everyone in the collec...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
Many scholars and activists identify Indigenous feminism as relating to radical feminism since it often advocates for an upheaval of all systems of power that organize the subjugation of Indigenous women based on both male supremacy and racial difference. Indigenous Feminism encourages participation in decolonization n...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
Indigenous feminists are often reluctant to engage with western mainstream feminist theory due to its failure to recognize the effects of the gendered process of colonialism on indigenous women, as well as a historical pattern of white women not understanding, or not being willing to be allies against, the multiple opp...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
All Indigenous women share the common experience of oppression resulting from colonialism; this is an oppression which they share with all other Indigenous peoples.The perspective of Indigenous women is therefore shaped by their historical connection to their landbase, a legacy of dispossession, racism, and sexism, con...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
According to Carrie Bourassa, the problem in addressing Indigenous feminist issues through this lens is that white mainstream feminism was itself infused with a narrative of colonialism. It has used indigeneity, racism, heteronormativity, and Christianity as tools to "other" Indigenous people and justify a need to "civ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
While Indigenous women may acknowledge that there is overlap in the goals of Indigenous feminists and mainstream feminists, many, like Celeste Liddle (Arrernte) "strongly believe that as Aboriginal women, whilst our fights are related to ongoing feminist struggles within other racially marginalized groups, they are not...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism
"We, as Inuit women, have been striving for such things as equal pay for equal work, equal share of roles for the good of the family, equal rights to participate in the decision-making processes of our governments, equal rights for the hiring of women at all levels of commerce and science, equal rights in education, an...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism