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I look at these aspirations not as women's liberation, but as people's liberation. In fact, we need and love our men, and similarly, we need to liberate them from the concepts that bind them to unbreakable traditional roles that, in turn, keep the status quo intact in many regions of the world. "One such example of the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
Celeste Liddle argues that "for example, whilst equal pay is important for all of us, for many years Aboriginal people were historically not paid for their labour at all." Therefore, the second wave's fight for wage equality (among other issues), was perceived to push the rights of Indigenous women to the periphery. An... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
For example, while white women deemed to be citizens of Canada were granted the right to vote in 1918, all other women were not allowed the right to vote until much later. Aboriginal women in Canada were not allowed to vote until the 1960s, at which time the second wave of feminism had moved away from such issues.Rauna... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
In this model, Indigenous, African-descendent, and poor women occupy the periphery and must accept the ideas and conceptualization of feminism as defined by those at the centre. In other words, we Indigenous women are expected to accept the dominant picture of what constitutes women's oppression and women's liberation.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
Elements of our experience that do not match this picture are denied or marginalized. This dominant model tries to homogenize the women's movement, claiming that all women have the same demands and the same access to the enjoyment of their rights. This flawed assumption denies the diverse cultural, linguistic and socia... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
A criticism of Indigenous feminism among some western academics and pop culture writers is that Indigenous populations "choose to distance themselves from feminism". Feminism is viewed as unimportant by some indigenous women because the status of women in some of these societies was higher prior to colonization. That i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
Feminism as a whole is often generalized as a white American phenomenon, with multiple scholars and feminists arguing that white feminism insufficiently addresses the concerns of women of more diverse backgrounds. Indigenous Australian feminist Aileen Moreton-Robinson argues that all Indigenous women experience living ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
This is often the case when "Indigenous feminists" themselves are referred to, such as Leanne Betasamosake Simpson and Leslie Marmon Silko. There are several forms of feminism that address indigenous populations and may follow similar theories, themes, and/or scholarships of Indigenous feminism, but do not directly ide... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
These forms of feminism can include Intersectional feminism, transnational feminism, postcolonial feminism, Native Hawaiian feminism, feminism in India, and Asian feminism. These forms of feminism are often separated from one another, in both scholarship and activism, due to the slight differences in beliefs and focuse... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
Resistance and activism against dominant colonial powers can come in a number of forms, including but not limited to: legal or political protest, healing practices, storytelling, or art activism. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
The ongoing attempted genocide of Indigenous women is of utmost priority in Indigenous feminism, while in mainstream feminism this femicide is rarely prioritized, unless it is non-indigenous women being murdered.On October 4, and February 14, Indigenous feminists have for years encouraged the community to participate i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
This inquiry examined and reported on the violence against Indigenous women and girls in Canada by looking at the patterns, underlying factors and ultimately, the systemic cause of the violence. While the progress of the inquiry was slowed and at times stifled by issues such as lack of clarity regarding testimony dates... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
Idle No More is an Indigenous movement founded by three Indigenous women and one non-Native ally, with the intent to "shift the contemporary discourses of rights, sovereignty, and nationhood by arguing that it is Indigenous women who ought to hold the political power of Indigenous nations, or at the very least have an ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
Their activism asks people, regardless of Indigenous descent or not, to honor Indigenous sovereignty and to protect the environment. Another Canadian organization that focuses and promotes Indigenous feminist ideals is the Native Women's Association of Canada (NWAC). They work to empower women by developing and changin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
Working to change the name of "Christopher Columbus Day" to "Indigenous Peoples' Day" is an example of changing the narrative of Indigeneity in the United States. Advocates for this change believe that Columbus has been subject to "adoration", despite many negative aspects to him, including "his arrogance, his poor adm... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
Because of the intergenerational trauma that is passed down from each generation to the next due to the violent colonization, healing is an important aspect of resistance. Healing practices include doing work that reverts to the pre-colonized cultural traditional Indigenous work such as weaving, sewing, music, or even ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
Writing is a particularly useful tool in healing and activism. It serves as both, "means of surviving oppression and a way to engage in the healing process." The book This Bridge Called My Back, Writings by Radical Women of Color makes this idea a reality, by publishing the honest and creative narratives about Native a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
Throughout Australian history, much of the activism by Indigenous feminists has advocated for far more than female liberation, but continuously advocated for the liberation of Indigenous Australians as a whole, including the bettering of health care, changes to structural racism in the media and judicial system, as wel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
Presently, there are continued debates and protests occurring nationally to change the date or name of Australia's national day which is known as "Australia Day", which celebrates the arrival of the First Fleet to the Australian continent on the 26th of January. Among Indigenous Australians, the date is known as "Invas... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
Mainstream feminism is often seen by women of color as a movement centered around white, straight, middle-class women. However, the feminist movement as a whole has never been an exclusive movement of the Global North, but rather has roots throughout the world – crossing ethnic, racial and territorial barriers. In Mexi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
In Mexico, 7 out of 10 Indigenous women live in poverty and 3 out of 10 in extreme poverty; they are subordinated by their gender but also by their social class and ethnicity.In Mexico, a movement different from mainstream, liberal feminism has had to be created in order to better represent Indigenous feminist women. A... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
Feminism in Mexico mainly focuses on making universal demands such as eliminating the wage gap between men and women and ending domestic violence. Mexican feminism often fails to denounce colonialism, racism and economic inequalities as sources of segregation and discrimination against aboriginal women.Suffering, discr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
According to Lugo, this process can be cataloged as the first signs of Indigenous feminism. With the birth of Indigenous feminism in Mexico, it is proposed to rethink Indigenous people's reality, not only based on their gender identity, but also complementing it with the analysis of their ethnic identity. They demand a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
Predominantly consisting of the Chiapas Indigenous groups, "Tzeltal, Tzotzil, Chol, Tiobal, Zoque, Kanjobal and Mame", the Zapatista movement has fought for Indigenous Mexican rights. Women play a large role in the Zapatista army and seek "politics without gender subordination," as well as Indigenous rights. Olivera st... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
The Zapatista movement resulted in the entrenchment of the Indigenous right to self-determination into the Mexican constitution. Simultaneously, the Zapatistas championed women's rights with Women's Revolutionary Law. Women's Revolutionary Law holds significance to feminism as it is placed alongside the other EZLN laws... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
Native American feminism or Native feminism is an intersectional feminist movement rooted in the lived experiences of Native American and First Nations (FNIM) women. As a branch of the broader Indigenous feminism, it similarly prioritizes decolonization, indigenous sovereignty, and the empowerment of indigenous women a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_feminism |
The neurocircuitry that underlies executive function processes and emotional and motivational processes are known to be distinct in the brain. However, there are brain regions that show overlap in function between the two cognitive systems. Brain regions that exist in both systems are interesting mainly for studies on ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactions_between_the_emotional_and_executive_brain_systems |
A large body of research has looked at the effects of positive or negative mood manipulations on performance in tasks of executive function. In most cases, positive mood inductions impair executive function, whereas negative mood has little effect. Overall, the best supported explanation for the observed effects is tha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactions_between_the_emotional_and_executive_brain_systems |
In word span tasks, positive mood caused greater deficits in complex tasks compared to simpler tasks, where negative mood had no effect. In a Tower of London planning task, positive mood caused poorer planning performance compared to neutral mood. Researchers in both cases suggested that lack of effect could be explain... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactions_between_the_emotional_and_executive_brain_systems |
In word fluency tasks, one study has shown that positive mood results in better fluency over negative mood, while another has shown that negative mood results in higher word production. A third study did not find any effect of either mood manipulation. However, there is some evidence that positive mood can result in in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactions_between_the_emotional_and_executive_brain_systems |
In the Stroop task, a near significant trend was found for Stroop costs in positive mood conditions. In two tasks of switching, it was found that positive mood results in impaired switching compared to a neutral condition. Little evidence is found for the effect of negative mood. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactions_between_the_emotional_and_executive_brain_systems |
Taken together positive mood impairs tasks of working memory, planning, word production, inhibition and switching, and facilitates word fluency. Negative mood impairs fluency, but facilitates planning tasks, word production, and has not shown any effect for tasks of working memory, creativity, inhibition, or switching.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactions_between_the_emotional_and_executive_brain_systems |
Some of the more significant cortical areas involved in emotional regulation include the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactions_between_the_emotional_and_executive_brain_systems |
The ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) is a subdivision of the prefrontal cortex. Its involvement in modulating existing behavior and emotional output given contextual demands has been studied extensively using cognitive reappraisal studies and emotion-attention tasks. Cognitive reappraisal studies indicate the vl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactions_between_the_emotional_and_executive_brain_systems |
The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is a subdivision of the prefrontal cortex. It encodes expected outcomes, both positive and negative, and signals when the expected outcomes do not occur. The mPFC, mediated by the amygdala, is also involved in the extinction and modulation of conditioned responses, including emotiona... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactions_between_the_emotional_and_executive_brain_systems |
The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) are implicated in the enhancement of representations of stimuli relevant to current decisions, behaviors or tasks. These areas also play a role in modulating emotions and dealing with emotional distractions during demanding tasks, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactions_between_the_emotional_and_executive_brain_systems |
The ventral stream primarily involves the vlPFC and mPFC. Signals of expected outcomes trigger the mPFC to update stimulus associations through exchanges with the amygdala and the nucleus accumbens. When a response change is needed, the mPFC interacts with the vlPFC. Then, the vlPFC modulates the emotional response to ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactions_between_the_emotional_and_executive_brain_systems |
The dorsal stream activates by the presence of response conflict. The dmPFC relays information on past reinforcement to the dlPFC, which initiates selective attention. dlPFC influences action and emotion by weighing the importance of competing goals/representations in the temporal cortex. Representations opposite to wh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactions_between_the_emotional_and_executive_brain_systems |
An imbalance between the relative influence between the emotional and executive systems is posited to be responsible for the heightened levels of risk-taking and emotionality observed in adolescents. Specifically, dopamine-rich regions related to motivation, including the ventral striatum which has been shown to repres... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactions_between_the_emotional_and_executive_brain_systems |
In contrast, it is known that regions of the brain known to be involved with modulation of emotional effect on executive function, including the vlPFC, as well as the entire ventrolateral frontostriatal network, do not fully mature until late adolescence to early adulthood. Recent research has shown that adolescents ar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactions_between_the_emotional_and_executive_brain_systems |
The emotional-oddball paradigm is a variation on the traditional oddball paradigm used in neuroscience. Studies show emotionally enhanced memory during trials depicting negative imagery when people participate in visual, simultaneous attention-emotional tasks. Emotional arousal has also been shown to cause augmentation... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactions_between_the_emotional_and_executive_brain_systems |
This effect has been explained by the arousal-biased competition (ABC) model, which postulates that bottom-up sensory preference to arousing stimuli and top-down relevance to current activity or goal pursuit both influence how priority is determined for an event. More simply, if an event is paired with a particularly e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactions_between_the_emotional_and_executive_brain_systems |
Adhesive bonding is a joining technique used in the manufacture and repair of a wide range of products. Along with welding and soldering, adhesive bonding is one of the basic joining processes. In this technique, components are bonded together using adhesives. The broad range of types of adhesives available allows nume... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
An adhesive can be defined as a substance that causes two surfaces to stick together. By this definition, the earliest "adhesive" could be considered to have been developed three billion years ago, when primordial cells produced a tacky outer membrane allowing them to stick to adjacent cells. The first use of adhesives... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
According to the definition of EN 923 Archived 2019-05-09 at the Wayback Machine: "Adhesives. Terms and definitions", adhesives are non-metallic substances capable of joining materials by surface bonding (adhesion), with a bond possessing adequate internal strength (cohesion)". The adhesive forms the connecting element... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
According to IUPAC, adhesion is the "process of attachment of a substance to the surface of another substance". Interactions between the adhesive and substrate have a very short range of less than one nanometre. Therefore, good wetting of the materials to be joined by the adhesive in its liquid state is required to pro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
The adhesive forces are usually based on physical interactions, for example, such as those between polar or polarisable groups, on hydrogen bonds, or van der Waals forces. When bonding plastics, in particular with solvent-based adhesives, diffusion processes can also play a role. In this case, the plastic at the substr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
This leads to an increased mobility of the plastic's polymer chains, which in turn allows penetration by those of the adhesive. Ultimately, additional interactions occur between the polymer chains of the adhesive and the substrate. After evaporation of the solvent, a solid compound is formed. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Chemical bonds are also important in certain adhesive / substrate combinations, for example when bonding glass using silicone adhesives, wood using polyurethane adhesives and aluminium using epoxy adhesives. Chemical bonding leads to significantly higher adhesion than physical bonding. In addition, penetration of the l... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Achieving adhesion between the adhesive and substrate requires not only an adhesive of suitable composition for the substrate, but also places high demands on the substrate surface. Due to the short range of the adhesion forces, the nature of the surface layer of the substrate is crucial. It must be sufficiently firmly... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
For example, many adhesives adhere well to a corroded steel surface. However, the corrosion layer – the rust – is not firmly connected to the substrate. Under load, failure may occur in the corroded material or between the rust layer and the uncorroded steel. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
The same applies to coated items. The adhesive must build adhesion to the coating. The coating in turn must be sufficiently firmly connected to the substrate. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Likewise, contaminants, especially those which, due to their low surface tension, counteract wetting by the adhesive (for example, oils, release agents, etc.) hinder the adhesion interaction. Contaminants form, as it were, a barrier between the adhesive and the substrate which cannot be bridged by the adhesion forces d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Some special adhesives show a degree of compatibility with certain oils. They are able to absorb certain oils during the curing of the adhesive, which takes place at elevated temperatures, and thus to remove them from the boundary layer between the adhesive and substrate. Such adhesives are used for example in automoti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Pre-treatment can be used to modify surfaces in a targeted way and thus make them more adhesive. In addition to coating the substrates with an adhesion promoter (primer) to enable good adhesion, surfaces can also be modified by various methods to prepare them for gluing. The most common surface pre-treatment methods ar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
The selection of the pre-treatment process is application-specific, taking into account The materials to be joined. Their surface condition. The type and amount of surface contamination. The adhesive to be used for bonding the substrates. The stresses on the glued product over its life cycle (e.g. mechanical, thermal o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
As the adhesive solidifies, its internal strength, the cohesion, increases. The cohesion is also based on physical interactions, in this case between the adhesive polymers. In the case of adhesives which cure by a chemical reaction, i.e. the formation of polymers by a chemical reaction of the adhesive constituents, the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
The cohesive and adhesive properties of the adhesive in combination with the substrate determine the properties of a bond. While the adhesion properties substantially determine whether an adhesive adheres to a particular substrate, the cohesive property contributes greatly to the mechanical properties of the bond, part... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
The degree of impairment depends on the nature of the conditions and their duration; this process is called aging. Therefore, when planning a bonding operation, in addition to the actual environmental conditions, their possible long-term effects on the adhesive and substrate must also be taken into account. Due to the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
The selection of a suitable adhesive for a particular application should be based on a specific requirement profile. This requirement profile lists all immediate, verifiable requirements for the component to be bonded and, as a result, for the bond and the adhesive. It is possible to distinguish between requirements wh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
As with any joining technique, bonding technology not only offers a wide range of possibilities and many advantages, but also has limitations that must be considered when planning and designing adhesive processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
The main advantages are: Almost all materials can be bonded to themselves or other materials by gluing. Due to the areal force transmission, a uniform distribution of the forces is achieved over the entire bonding area. This makes optimum use of the substrate properties. By choosing a correspondingly large bonding area... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
By choosing an elastic adhesive, movements of the substrates relative to each other can be compensated for. For example, it is possible to compensate for component elongations in the event of temperature fluctuations and to dampen vibrations effectively, thus avoiding material damage or fatigue of the substrate. There ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Zero or only a slight heat load is associated with the bonding, so that thermal distortion, thermal stresses or changes in the microstructure and, as a consequence, a change in the mechanical properties of the substrate are largely avoided. Substrate tolerances can be compensated for by means of gap-filling adhesives G... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
In addition to power transmission, additional properties can be incorporated, such as: Connection sealing. Acoustic decoupling and damping. Electrical insulation (avoidance of contact corrosion) Electrical conductivity. Thermally insulation. Thermally conductivity (for example, thermal management of electronic componen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
There are many types of adhesive available and they are often developed with a specific use in mind. As a result, what could be perceived as a disadvantage of a particular adhesive type in some applications could be its advantage in another. Therefore, it is essential to use a glue that appropriate for the application ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
However, pressure-sensitive adhesives used in double-sided adhesive tapes, rapidly curing "superglue" cyanoacrylate, and many light-curing adhesives do achieve significant initial strength after completion of the joining process or very shortly thereafter, although not their ultimate strength required for further proce... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Some adhesives may exhibit a slight tendency to creep. Choose an adhesive designed not to creep if this is important for your application. The long-term stability of a bond is subject to aging processes, so make sure you choose an adhesive with a lifespan appropriate to your application. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Some types of adhesive cannot be removed without damaging at least one of the substrates. Others are easier to remove. Bonding is a so-called "special process", meaning that testing cannot be achieved completely by non-destructive methods. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Therefore, an understanding of the bonding process must be mastered to avoid errors. DIN 2304-1 (Adhesive Bonding Technology - Quality Requirements for Adhesive Bonding - Part 1: Bonding Process Chain) specifies the requirements for a quality-compliant design of load-transferring adhesive bonds along the bonding proces... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Adhesive bonding may have advantages comparison with other joining methods for specific applications, as shown in the adjacent table with the example of joining metals in automotive body construction. The disadvantage of the lack of instantaneous bonding exhibited by many adhesives can be overcome by using a suitable f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Modern adhesives have become indispensable in the today's world. They can be found in everyday and specialist products. Here are some examples from different areas: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
The production of modern vehicles would not be possible without adhesives. Here are two examples: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Today's windscreens are made of laminated safety glass, which consists of two or more pieces of glass bonded to a tear-resistant, viscous, transparent hot-melt adhesive film. This film ensures among other things that the windscreen remains intact as a unit after fracture, thus minimising the risk of injury from glass f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
The advent of more and more electronics in motor vehicles, from engine management systems, safety components such as ABS and ESP and driver assistance systems, to comfort-enhancing features, would not be possible without modern adhesives. Due to the small size of the control devices, sensors, cameras, etc., the capabil... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Many sensors are therefore encapsulated or protected by securely fitting housing. In both cases, adhesives are used. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
In the case of component casting, bubble-free potting must be achieved, and the hardened potting material must have a certain mechanical stability in order to withstand the abrasive impact of sand and gravel while driving. On the other hand, it must have sufficient elasticity to avoid shock-like thermal cycling due to ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Adhesive bonding has the advantage of relatively low bonding temperature as well as the absence of electric voltage and current. Based on the fact that the wafers are not in direct contact, this procedure enables the use of different substrates, e.g. silicon, glass, metals and other semiconductor materials. A drawback ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
In medicine and medical technology, adhesives play an increasingly important role. The simple plaster for example has to have good adhesion to a variety of skin types, but also be as painless as possible to remove. In addition, transdermal patches deliver medication over a longer period of time through the skin into th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
It goes without saying that these adhesives must be skin-friendly. The adhesives used are special pressure-sensitive adhesives based on acrylates or synthetic rubber. In surgery, adhesives are used in the treatment of certain surgical wounds. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
These adhesives are usually based on fibrin, the natural adhesive substance that causes blood to clot when bleeding. Since fibrin occurs naturally in the body, it has the advantage that the adhesive is not rejected by the body. In addition, over time it degrades naturally by itself, which eliminates the need for elabor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
This property is especially important for surgery on the heart or the gastrointestinal tract. Innovative adhesives are also used in dentistry. They are not only used for the filling of caries and the production of dentures but are also invaluable in orthodontics. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
The brackets through which the wires of a dental brace are threaded are attached to the teeth by means of special adhesives. On the one hand, the brackets should be held securely in the mouth's moist, warm environment, but later be able to be removed without residue. Adhesives are also now indispensable in medical devi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
For example, needles are usually glued to syringes and stainless-steel cannula must be securely connected to their plastic adapter. Due to the high production volumes, short cycle times are required. Often, light-curing adhesives are used, which attain sufficient strength after a few seconds of irradiation with light o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
The manufacture of endoscopes, where tension-free attachment of lenses with smaller and smaller dimensions is required, is another good example of the performance capabilities of modern adhesives. Here, in addition to bond strength, it is important to balance the different thermal expansions of the substrates. In this ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Adhesives are also widely used in the production of household appliances, fulfilling a range of different bonding requirements. For example, temperature-stable silicone adhesives are used in the production of ceramic hobs or sealing windows in oven doors. The compounds must be able to withstand temperatures of up to 25... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Adhesives are also frequently used in the manufacture of small electrical appliances. For example, in coffee machines plastic handles are often glued to the glass jugs. Compared to fastening by means of a metal clamping ring, gluing offers advantages in the manufacturing process by avoiding breaking the jugs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Another advantage in use is that, with a metal clamping ring, dirt particles and moisture can accumulate between the jug body and ring, leading to corrosion of the clamping ring, rendering it unsightly. With adhesive fixing of the handle, this phenomenon is eliminated. Adhesives based on polyurethane or silicone are us... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
The adhesive used must, among other things, have enough strength, be dishwasher safe, and have sufficient elasticity to compensate for the different thermal expansion behaviour of glass and the plastic material of the handle to prevent glass breakage, and it has to maintain this performance over the entire life of the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
On the one hand it needs high speed capabilities to grind for example nuts, and on the other hand it needs high torque capabilities at low speeds to knead dough. Since some of these devices suitable for use in cooking, a corresponding temperature resistance is required. Light-curing adhesives ensure that the rotor and ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Most packaging for frozen and microwaveable foodstuffs consists of biodegradable film composites. Of course, the adhesives used to make these film composites must also be biodegradable. This is achieved by the use of molecules of naturally occurring polymers, such as cellulose and starch, which can be degraded to water... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
The Penny Black was the world's first adhesive postage stamp used in a public postal system. It was first issued in Great Britain on 1 May 1840, but was not valid for use until 6 May. The introduction of adhesive postage stamps is closely associated with developments in adhesives technology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
At that time, stamp adhesives consisted of naturally occurring raw materials such as molasses, potato starch and occasionally fish glue, but these performed poorly. So, the stamps either stuck together or fell off prematurely and emitted an unpleasant odour. In addition, the stamps had to be moistened before fixing, wh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Due to the unpleasant taste, this was rather unpopular. With the development of synthetic adhesives in the middle of the 20th century, the use of odourless adhesives with no unpleasant taste, made of polyvinyl acetate or polyvinyl alcohol, was adopted. This also eliminated the problem of stamps sticking together and pr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
With the growing use of bonding technology in industry and professional trades, and the resulting, increasing demands on the quality and durability of glued products, comprehensive national and international standards have been developed for, amongst other things, the characterisation, classification and testing of adh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
This need was met through the introduction of a three-level training concept. Training is available as a bonding practitioner, bonding specialist or bonding engineer, as laid down in guidelines for the EWF (European Federation for Welding, Joining and Cutting). In addition, trade associations, such as FEICA, the Europe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
FEICA, History of bonding and adhesives – adhesives and sealants. 2016 Walter Brockmann et al.: Adhesive Technology. Adhesives, applications and processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 2005, ISBN 3-527-31091-6. Hermann Onusseit: Practical knowledge of adhesive technology. Volume 1: Basics. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Hüthig, 2008, ISBN 978-3-410-21459-5. Gerd Habenicht: Applied Adhesive Bonding: A Practical Guide for Flawless Results. Wiley VCH, 2008, ISBN 978-3-527-62645-8. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
Industrieverband Klebstoffe e. V.: manual adhesive technology. Vieweg, Wiesbaden 2016, ISBN 978-3-658-14529-3 . FEICA / Industrieverband Klebstoffe e. V. Educational Materials: Bonding/Adhesives Textbook. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive_bonding |
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