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I): 151–159. doi:10.1590/S0074-02762003000900023. PMID 12687776. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_tuberculosis |
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23 (3): 128–30. Waddington Keir (2003). "'Unfit for human consumption': Tuberculosis and the problem of infected meat in late Victorian Britain". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_tuberculosis |
Bulletin of the History of Medicine. 77 (3): 636–661. doi:10.1353/bhm.2003.0147. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_tuberculosis |
PMID 14523263. S2CID 26858215. Wilson Leonard G (1990). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_tuberculosis |
"The historical decline of tuberculosis in Europe and America: its causes and significance". Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences. 45 (3): 366–396. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_tuberculosis |
doi:10.1093/jhmas/45.3.366. PMID 2212609. Wolfart W (1990). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_tuberculosis |
"Surgical treatment of tuberculosis and its modifications—collapse therapy and resection treatment and their present-day sequelae". Offentl Gesundheitswes. 52 (8–9): 506–11. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_tuberculosis |
PMID 2146567. Zink A, Sola C, Reischl U, Grabner W, Rastogi N, Wolf H, Nerlich A (2003). "Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex DNAs from Egyptian Mummies by Spoligotyping". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_tuberculosis |
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PMC 149558. PMID 12517873. Gernaey, Angela M.; Minnikin, David E.; Copley, Mike S.; Power, Jacinda J.; Ahmed, Ali M.S. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_tuberculosis |
; Dixon, Ronald A.; Roberts, Charlotte A.; Robertson, Duncan J.; Nolan, John; Chamberlain, Andrew (1998). "Detecting Ancient Tuberculosis". Internet Archaeology (5). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_tuberculosis |
doi:10.11141/ia.5.3. "The Edinburgh Anti=Tuberculosis Scheme" (PDF). The British Journal of Nursing. 52: 117. 7 January 1914. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_tuberculosis |
Dang B (23–24 March 2001). "The Royal Touch". The Proceedings of the 10th Annual History of Medicine Days. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_tuberculosis |
Calgary, AB. pp. 229–34. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_tuberculosis |
The risk of mortality (ROM) provides a medical classification to estimate the likelihood of in-hospital death for a patient. The ROM classes are minor, moderate, major, and extreme. The ROM class is used for the evaluation of patient mortality. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk_of_mortality |
The meridian 73° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, South America, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole. The 73rd meridian west forms a great circle with the 107th mer... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/73rd_meridian_west |
Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 73rd meridian west passes through: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/73rd_meridian_west |
Lynette Deborah White (5 July 1967 – 14 February 1988) was murdered on 14 February 1988 in Cardiff, Wales. South Wales Police issued a photofit image of a bloodstained, white male seen in the vicinity at the time of the murder but were unable to trace the man. In November 1988, the police charged five men with White's ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
In December 1992, the convictions were ruled unsafe and quashed by the Court of Appeal after it was decided that the police investigating the murder had acted improperly. The wrongful conviction of the three men has been called one of the most egregious miscarriages of justice in recent times. The police insisted that ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
In January 2002, new DNA technology enabled forensic scientists led by Angela Gallop to obtain a reliable crime scene DNA profile. The extracted profile led police to the real killer, Jeffrey Gafoor, who confessed to White's murder and was sentenced to life imprisonment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Gafoor received a shorter minimum tariff (the length of time before a prisoner may be considered for parole) than had been given to the wrongfully convicted men, due to the reduction for a guilty plea, highlighting a controversial feature of the sentencing guidelines. In 2004, the Independent Police Complaints Commissi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
In 2007, three of the prosecution witnesses who gave evidence at the original murder trial were convicted of perjury and sentenced to 18 months imprisonment. In 2011, eight former police officers were charged with conspiring to pervert the course of justice. Their subsequent trial was the largest police corruption tria... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
A further four police officers were due to be tried on the same charges in 2012. In November 2011, the trial collapsed when the defence claimed that copies of files which they said they should have seen had instead been destroyed. As a result, the judge ruled that the defendants could not receive a fair trial and they ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
White had left school without any qualifications and had been working as a prostitute since she was 14 years old. Tim Rogers, a BBC Wales journalist, interviewed White a few weeks before her murder as part of an investigation into child prostitution. Rogers said that White was "probably the most visible prostitute work... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Described by friends as "pretty and popular", White earned around £100 each night. She told Rogers that she had been drugged and taken to Bristol by a gang of men who forced her into prostitution and that even after eventually making her way back to Cardiff she had found herself trapped in "a continual spiral of prosti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Miller, who was also her pimp, took at least £60-£90 each day from White, who was his only source of income. Each day he would drive her to where she worked as a prostitute, Riverside, Cardiff, before meeting with her at the "North Star" club in the evenings to collect her earnings. The two lived together at a flat in ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Her whereabouts during this period or the reason for her disappearance have never been ascertained. She was due to be called as a witness for the prosecution in two forthcoming trials, and it was later conjectured that she was deliberately "lying low" to avoid giving evidence. The first trial (R. v Francine Cordle) inv... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
When White disappeared, the police began actively searching for her, and a judge issued a warrant for her arrest to ensure that she attended the first trial, which was listed to commence at Cardiff Crown Court on 15 February 1988. Earlier in February 1988, another prostitute, Leanne Vilday, had loaned White the keys to... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
There Vilday was able to get another occupant to drop a spare set of keys from a window to open the main door of the building but was still unable to enter her own flat. Dimond and Vilday then drove to Butetown Police Station to report the situation and their concerns about White's disappearance. They returned to James... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
On arrival, Vilday and Dimond remained outside while the police forced entry and at 9.17 pm found White's body inside. PC Johnson later testified that he was aware that White was a "missing witness" in a court case and that officers had been looking for her. PC Prosser said, "We had been looking for her all weekend." H... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
White's throat had been cut from the right ear across the front and around to the left side of the neck, exposing the bones of the spine. There were multiple stab wounds to her chest and breasts, and other wounds to her face, stomach, arms, wrists and inner thighs, as well as defensive wounds on her hands. Bernard Knig... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
He said: "It would require considerable force because the skin, muscles, larynx and voice box had been cut right down to the neckbone." Speculating on how the wound could have been inflicted, he said it was a normal reflex for a person to keep their head down in such a situation, and her head may have been forcibly hel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
One of the two T-shirts Lynette was wearing was "absolutely lacerated. It looked like a colander." Knight believed the murder weapon was at least five inches long. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
He determined that she had died between midnight and 4 am. Her wristwatch had stopped at 1:45 am, leading the police to conclude that this was the most likely time of death.White's body was discovered between the foot of the bed – the room's only furniture – and the window, still clothed but with one shoe off. There wa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
There was very little blood on the mattress, where an opened but unused condom was found. Forensic examination found 150 different sets of finger and palm prints in the flat. Azoospermic semen was present both in White's vagina and underwear, which pathologists determined had been deposited there within six hours of he... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
The subsequent murder inquiry was led by Detective Chief Superintendent (DCS) John Williams, the head of South Wales Police's Criminal Investigation Department (CID). Appeals for information led to several potential witnesses independently describing a white male, approximately 5'8"–5'10", aged in his mid-30s, with dar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Williams said: "This man almost certainly had the blood of the deceased on him. "On 25 February the police detained an individual who bore a striking resemblance to the e-fit but he was released the following day after providing an alibi corroborated by a third party. The suspect seen outside the flat has never been po... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Francine Cordle, whom White had been due to testify against, and Cordle's mother, Peggy Farrugia, were also initially considered suspects, but the discovery of the blood on White's clothing allowed the police to eliminate them from their inquiries. Stephen Miller was questioned at the beginning of the inquiry, having b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
On 20 April 1988 DC Geoff Thomas put together a list of 12 people of interest, based on their previous criminal activities. One of the men, whose identity has never been publicly revealed and was referred to only as 'Mr X', was a convicted sex offender and paedophile who lived around twenty minutes driving distance fro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Crucially for the investigating officers, Mr. X was of blood type AB.Mr. X was interviewed by Detective Constable Paul Fish, who believed that, had he been pressed, he would have confessed to White's murder. It was decided however to adopt a "softly-softly" approach until they had DNA results from the crimescene. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
On 19 October 1988 Detective Inspector Graham Mouncher placed Mr. X under surveillance for three days to identify his routines and associates. The policemen's main concern was that Mr. X would voluntarily commit himself to a mental institution if he became aware of the surveillance but by 25 October DI Mouncher was so ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Although their prime suspect had been eliminated from the inquiry, the police had collected thousands of statements through interviews and door-to-door enquiries. After the collapse of their case against Mr. X the police now returned to these. Among them were statements from Paul Atkins and Mark Grommek, two associates... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
"Both men gave alibis for their whereabouts at the time of the murder, but under pressure from the police Atkins eventually gave a statement on 26 April in which he first said that Grommek had killed White, and then confessed to killing her himself.Detective Chief Inspector John Ludlow recorded that Atkins first stated... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Yusef Abdullahi had been questioned as part of the routine door-to-door enquiries. At the time of the murder he had been working on board the ship MV Coral Sea, some 8 miles (13 km) away in Barry Docks. Although he did not realise this at the time, his common-law wife Jackie Harris was having an affair with Geoff Smith... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Williams began passing information to the police in March 1988, much of it unreliable, including a claim that White had been stabbed in the Casablanca club in Butetown before being moved to the flat in James Street. Initially he claimed that Abdullahi knew the identity of the killer and was concealing this information ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Leanne Vilday had also been placed under pressure during her interviews, particularly as it was she who had initially raised the alarm with the police, who felt she may be concealing information. She was a single parent, a lesbian, a drug addict, and a prostitute. The police were visiting her daily, leading to her bein... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
She began lodging with another couple, who also complained that the police were calling round to speak with Vilday on an almost daily basis. On 19 May 1988, while drunk, Vilday eventually named Miller and Yusef Abdullahi as the killers in front of several other prostitutes. That evening she was questioned by PS David H... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Violet Elizabeth Perriam was a secretary at a Cardiff yacht club. On 10 November 1988, the day after Mr. X was cleared of any involvement, Perriam gave a statement to the police that she had been driving home from the club and had passed 7 James Street at around 1.30 am on the night that White was murdered. She claimed... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Angela Psaila lived in a flat at St Clare's Court, Butetown, which had an unrestricted view of the front of 7 James Street. Described later as "one of the most vulnerable members of Cardiff society", Psaila had an IQ of just 55, indicating mild mental retardation. Armed with Perriam's statement placing the group of bla... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
In the first of two statements taken that day, Psaila claimed that Miller visited her at about 1 am on 14 February looking for White. Two and a half hours later she gave another statement claiming that she saw Miller, John and Ronnie Actie, Abdullahi, Tony Paris and Tony Brace (a doorman from the North Star club) outsi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
As part of the 2021 three-part BBC documentary A Killing in Tiger Bay the supposed screaming was reconstructed, using an actress in White's former flat and sensitive sound recording equipment placed at Psaila's former flat. Even with no background noise, the screams were barely audible.The same day, Grommek and Atkins ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Psaila gave a new statement to the police on 6 December 1988. In this account, she had been present at St Clare's Court with Leanne Vilday and on hearing the screams the two had gone to 7 James Street. In what Sekar called "a most remarkable coincidence", Vilday, Grommek and Atkins all decided independently to go to th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
In the room were Miller, Abdullahi, Ronnie Actie, Tony Miller (Stephen Miller's brother) and an unnamed man of mixed-race. Grommek and Atkins gave statements which corroborated this new version of events. Psaila and Vilday were then taken into protective custody.On 7 December 1988, the police arrested Stephen and Tony ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
John Actie and Tony Paris were arrested on 9 December. No forensic evidence had been found to link any of the men with the crime scene.The police were notified on 10 December that Psaila's blood type was AB, the same as that found on White's sock and trousers. They reinterviewed her the following day, insisting that it... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Psaila gave a new version of events, this time claiming that she and Vilday had been present when White was murdered, and had taken part in the killing. She named Stephen and Tony Miller, Ronnie and John Actie, Tony Paris and Abdullahi as the other killers, and said Vilday had been responsible for cutting White's throa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Over a period of four days, Stephen Miller was interviewed on 19 occasions for a total of 13 hours; he was denied access to a solicitor for the first two interviews. Miller, who had a mental age of 11, confessed to the killing after making 307 denials. Miller also implicated the other men. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
The trial commenced at Swansea Crown Court on 5 October 1989, but was interrupted on 26 February 1990 – after 82 days of evidence – by the sudden death of the judge, Mr Justice McNeill, from a heart attack. The subsequent retrial, also held at Swansea, commenced on 14 May 1990 before Mr Justice Leonard. It was at the t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
On 22 November 1990, three of the five accused were found guilty of White's murder. Tony Paris, Yusef Abdullahi and Stephen Miller – who became known as the "Cardiff Three" – were each sentenced to life imprisonment. Cousins Ronnie and John Actie were acquitted of the murder; both had spent two years in custody. 17 yea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
In early 1991 a number of journalists began to question the safety of the convictions and commercial television broadcaster Channel 4 transmitted their own investigation of the case in "Butetown: The Bridge And The Boys", part of their Black Bag magazine and documentary series aimed at Black and Asian viewers. In May 1... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Sekar persuaded renowned solicitor Gareth Peirce to take on the case and handle the renewed application to appeal, and Peirce instructed Michael Mansfield QC to represent Miller in court. A public campaign to overturn the convictions, started by families and friends of the three men, began to receive high-profile suppo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Their appeal was heard over four days in December 1992 and ended after the Court of Appeal listened to an audio recording of Stephen Miller's police interrogation. Mansfield argued that the trial judge "was wrong to admit the evidence of Mr Miller's police interviews contained on the tapes because it was tainted by the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
The truthfulness of Miller's admission was, according to Taylor, "irrelevant" as the nature of the questioning "required the interview to be rejected as evidence." He ordered copies of the recording to be sent to the Director of Public Prosecutions and the Chairman of the Royal Commission on Criminal Justice as an "exa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
In 1996 he said: "Until it happens to you, no-one can have any idea what it's like to be convicted for a murder you didn't commit. We've been really messed up by what we've been through. We needed counselling, but no-one offered us any help. Being inside really did my head in." He died of a perforated ulcer in January ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
In September 2000, the case was reopened. Forensic scientists led by Angela Gallop discovered fresh evidence, including a small trace of blood on the cellophane wrapper from a cigarette packet and a further ten traces of the same blood underneath several layers of paint on a skirting board at the crime scene. The kille... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
In January 2002, after the development of the Second Generation Multiplex Plus (SGM+) test, forensic scientists, led by Professor Angela Gallop, were finally able to obtain a reliable crime scene DNA profile. Hopes were also raised of solving the case when in the same year South Wales Police were able to positively ide... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
This led to the arrest on 28 February 2003 of Jeffrey Gafoor, who was the youth's uncle. Gafoor was prosecuted for the murder in July 2003. On 4 July 2003, at Cardiff Crown Court, he pleaded guilty to White's murder and the judge, Mr Justice Royce, sentenced him to life imprisonment, with a minimum tariff of twelve yea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
In November 2004, the IPCC announced that it would supervise a reinvestigation by the South Wales Police into the original police inquiry. On 13 April 2005, five retired police officers were arrested in connection with offences of false imprisonment, conspiring to pervert the course of justice and misconduct in public ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
In February 2007, four witnesses who gave evidence at the original murder trial were charged with perjury. In December 2008, three of the accused – Angela Psaila, Leanne Vilday and Mark Grommek – were found guilty of committing perjury and each sentenced to 18 months imprisonment. The fourth, Paul Atkins, was deemed "u... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
In March 2009, the Special Crime Division of the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) announced that there was "sufficient evidence" to prosecute three serving officers and ten former officers involved in the original investigation with conspiracy to pervert the course of justice. Two further witnesses in the original trial... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Massey was a convicted armed robber incarcerated at HM Prison Cardiff at the same time as Tony Paris and John Actie. He agreed to act as a police informant against the men in return for "representations made by the police" to his forthcoming Parole Board hearing, and gave evidence at their trial that Paris had confesse... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Four of the documents were "found to be missing from their expected location" and an initial investigation by the police concluded that the documents had been destroyed in 2010 on the instructions of Detective Chief Superintendent Christopher Coutts. As a result, Nicholas Dean QC, leading counsel for the prosecution, i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
The decision was made at the highest level, by Keir Starmer, at the time the Director of Public Prosecutions, Head of the Crown Prosecution Service and the most senior public prosecutor in England and Wales. The trial collapsed and South Wales Police immediately announced referral to the IPCC for further investigation.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
On 17 January 2012, the missing documents were found in the office of DCS Coutts, still in the original box in which they had been sent from the IPCC.Sekar responded to the acquittals by saying: "It is a very, very sad day for justice, as it suggests you cannot ever prosecute police officers successfully if you can't d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
In February 2015, then Home Secretary Theresa May announced that an investigation into the collapse of the police corruption trial would be carried out, led by Richard Horwell QC. May, who rejected calls for a full public inquiry, said: "There are still unresolved questions surrounding the reasons why no-one was found ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
Following the collapse of the corruption trial, eight former police officers and seven others sued South Wales Police for damage to their reputations. The action alleged malicious prosecution, false imprisonment and misfeasance in public office by South Wales Police. On 14 June 2016, Mr Justice Wyn Williams ruled that ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
He said: "I find it very difficult to understand how the accounts emerged as they did if no police officer was instrumental in what occurred. I have reached the clear conclusion that reasonable grounds existed from the start of LW3 to suspect that the untruthful accounts which the core four gave about the involvement... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lynette_White |
The MIT Open Agriculture Initiative (OpenAg) was founded in 2015 by Caleb Harper as an initiative of the MIT Media Lab at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The project closed in April 2020 with the departure of Harper from MIT, although the closure was only officially confirmed by MIT a month later in May. The... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Agriculture_Initiative |
All of the hardware, software, and data would have been open source, with the intention of creating a standardized open platform for agricultural research and experimentation. In theory, had the project succeeded, it would have enhanced transparency in the agricultural industry and made urban agriculture easier to perf... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Agriculture_Initiative |
The Open Agriculture Initiative coined the term "Food Computer" to describe their main product. Originally developed under the MIT CityFARM project, the Food Computer was a controlled-environment agriculture platform that used soilless agriculture technologies including hydroponic and aeroponic systems to grow crops in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Agriculture_Initiative |
These recipes were recorded in an online database that was to be openly accessible so that climate conditions could be downloaded by other users around the globe.The term Food Computer was applied generally to any of the Open Agriculture Initiative's controlled-environment systems, or specifically to the smallest model... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Agriculture_Initiative |
It was intended for use in cafeterias, restaurants, local grocers, and large-scale experimental facilities. The largest versions of the Food Computer were to be warehouse-sized Food Data Centers that would function on the level of industrial crop production.Food Computers were never commercially available. As of 2016, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Agriculture_Initiative |
Various climate conditions including temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide and oxygen levels, pH of water, electrical conductivity of water, and exposure to various nutrients, fertilizers, and chemicals influence whether a plant grows and also how it grows. Different climate conditions can lead to different ph... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Agriculture_Initiative |
The Open Agriculture Initiative was primarily funded through the MIT Media Lab, which was almost 100% industrially funded through corporate memberships. The Open Agriculture Initiative had also received specific endorsements from members such as IDEO, Lee Kum Kee, Target, Unilever, and Welspun. OpenAg also received add... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Agriculture_Initiative |
In September 2019, former employees at Fenome, the startup spun off from OpenAg, openly discussed the failure of their Food Computers to maintain the controlled environment required for growing food. They alleged that photographic results and growth data had been falsified for presentations to investors and the general... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Agriculture_Initiative |
In September 2019, Boston radio station WBUR published a report detailing charges that the OpenAg initiative lab at MIT's Bates Research and Engineering Center in Middleton had been dumping nitrogen-laden hydroponics solution into the wastewater system at levels above the state's mandated limits of 10 ppm, leading to a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Agriculture_Initiative |
Nothing, Forever is an American interactive procedurally generated animated sitcom broadcast as a livestream. It was created by American digital art collective Mismatch Media, led by developers Skyler Hartle and Brian Habersberger. Originally started as a direct parody of the American sitcom Seinfeld, the livestream br... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nothing,_Forever |
The first season continuously ran on Twitch from December 14, 2022 until the channel's temporary suspension on February 6, 2023. After the suspension was lifted, the show went on a brief hiatus until the second season debuted on March 8, with a new cast of characters and an original format different from that of Seinfe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nothing,_Forever |
The concept of Nothing, Forever was envisioned by Skyler Hartle, a product manager at Microsoft Azure, and Brian Habersberger, a polymer physicist, in 2019. The two met over the video game Team Fortress 2. The show takes inspiration from Rabbits, a series of web films created by American filmmaker David Lynch, and the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nothing,_Forever |
But then we kind of worked over the years to bring it to this new place. And then, of course, generative media just kind of took off in a crazy way over the past couple of years". Hartle and Habersberger formed Mismatch Media in 2022, in collaboration with Jakob Broaddus, Zale Bush, Nic Freeman, Edward Garmon, and Sta... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nothing,_Forever |
The first season's cast of characters included Larry Feinberg, Yvonne Torres, Fred Kastopolous, and Zoltan Kakler, parodies of Jerry Seinfeld, Elaine Benes, George Costanza, and Cosmo Kramer, respectively.Viewers can interact with the livestream through Twitch's chat function; in contrast to most television shows, the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nothing,_Forever |
Nothing, Forever is procedurally generated. Dialogue is currently generated through GPT-3, a language model from OpenAI. Other technologies used include Stable Diffusion, DALL-E, and Azure Cognitive Services. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nothing,_Forever |
To generate new scenes, an Azure Function written in TypeScript is used. The machine learning models were written in Python using TensorFlow, while the show is rendered using Unity and C#.To fund the show, Mismatch Media maintains a Patreon; the highest tier allows viewers to request an appearance of a character based ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nothing,_Forever |
On February 6, 2023, the Twitch channel for Nothing, Forever received a 14-day suspension, with the developers attributing this to an unspecified piece of standup dialogue. In a statement to The Washington Post, Hartle expressed embarrassment about the incident. Twitch did not give a public reason for the suspension, b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nothing,_Forever |
The character then observed that "no one's laughing", and abruptly stopped the routine, asking "Where'd everybody go? "According to Mismatch Media, OpenAI's primary model for GPT-3, Davinci, had been experiencing outages that were disrupting the broadcast. The creators switched over to Curie, a less sophisticated model... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nothing,_Forever |
The creators stated that the content moderation tools used for the Davinci model "were not successful with Curie", and that they had resolved the issue with Davinci and would not be switching back to Curie as a fallback in the future.Mismatch Media announced plans to implement additional "guardrails" to prevent inappro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nothing,_Forever |
Nothing, Forever's first season received a mostly positive reception. Ash Parrish of The Verge found the stream nonsensical, yet humorous. Engadget's Will Shanklin was more critical of the show's surrealist humor, comparing the voices of Larry and Fred to the Beavis and Butt-Head character Mr. Van Driessen. The Twitter... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nothing,_Forever |
Levi Winslow of Kotaku noted that "the meta-humor that came with parodying Seinfeld is no longer there" and that the new format felt "neutered, or like the show was canceled only to be picked up by an entirely different network. "The livestream has drawn comparisons to Twitch Plays Pokémon, a social experiment livestre... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nothing,_Forever |
The Talking Gravestones (German: Sprechende Grabsteine) of Föhr, also known as the Story-telling Gravestones (Erzählende Grabsteine), are historic artifacts on the German island of Föhr. They can be found in the cemeteries of St. Laurentii church in Süderende (54.7163°N 8.4352°E / 54.7163; 8.4352 (St. Laurentii, Süde... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talking_Gravestones_of_Föhr |
Johannes church in Nieblum (54.6934°N 8.4911°E / 54.6934; 8.4911 (St. Johannes, Nieblum)), and St. Nikolai church in Boldixum (54.6958°N 8.5504°E / 54.6958; 8.5504 (St. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talking_Gravestones_of_Föhr |
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