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The constitution of England, with life and notes by J. Macgregor
З цієї книги
Результати 1-5 із 34
Сторінка BRITISH POETS, from Mit.ton to Kirrr White, Cabinet Edition, comprising, in a very
small hut remarkably clear type, as much matter as the sixty volumes of
Johnson's Poets. Complete in 4 Vois., with Frontispieces. 14*. CARY'S
TRANSLATION ...
Сторінка 23 It might be matter of curious discussion to inquire what the Anglo-Saxon
government would in process of time have become, and of course the
government of England be at the present time, if the event of the conquest had
never taken place ...
Сторінка 49 ... convulsion, the dethronement of James proved a matter of short and easy
operation. Tn consequence of the progressive * The English nation seem to have
become mentally drunk when it was announced that Charles II. should be
restored.
Сторінка 51 ... the will of the prince holds the place of law ; and custom has so confounded the matter of right with the matter of fact, that their lawyers * Bolingbroke, referring to
the succession of the house of Hanover, observed, with his usual shrewdness, ...
Сторінка 57 If, after being considered, the matter is found to deserve attention, the person who
made the proposition, usually with some others adjoined to him, is desired to set
it down in writing. If, after more complete discussions on the subject, the ...
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Сторінка 202 - Sense taken for a malicious Defamation, expressed either in Printing or Writing, and tending either to blacken the Memory of one who is dead, or the Reputation of one who is alive, and to expose him to public Hatred, Contempt or Ridicule.
Сторінка 76 - Will you to the utmost of your " power maintain the laws of God, the true profession of the " gospel, and the protestant reformed religion established " by the law ? And will you preserve unto the bishops and " clergy of this realm, and to the churches committed to " their charge, all such rights and privileges as by law do " or shall appertain unto them, or any of them ? — King " or queen. All this I promise to do.
Сторінка 353 - It hath sovereign and uncontrollable authority in the making, confirming, enlarging, restraining, abrogating, repealing, reviving, and expounding of laws, concerning matters of all possible denominations, ecclesiastical, or temporal, civil, military, maritime, or criminal ; this being the place where that absolute despotic power, which must in all governments reside somewhere, is intrusted by the constitution of these kingdoms.
Сторінка 25 - Elements of Christian Theology ; containing Proofs of the Authenticity and Inspiration of the Holy Scriptures; a Summary of the History of the Jews; an Account of the Jewish Sects ; and a brief Statement of the Contents of the several Books of the Old Testament.
Сторінка 21 - Opera), the best farce (the Critic — it is only too good for a farce), and the best Address (Monologue on Garrick), and, to crown all, delivered the very best Oration (the famous Begum Speech) ever conceived or heard in this country.
Сторінка 356 - The liberty of the press is indeed essential to the nature of a free state ; but this consists in laying no previous restraints upon publications, and not in freedom from censure for criminal matter, when published. Every freeman has an undoubted right to lay what sentiments he pleases before the public ; to forbid this is to destroy the freedom of the press ; but if he publishes what is improper, mischievous, or illegal, he must take the consequence of his own temerity.
Сторінка 17 - The Political Consequences of the Reformation. II. The Rise, Progress, and Practical Influence of Political Theories. III. The Rise and Growth of the Continental Interests of Great Britain. In 1 vol. |
Q:
Animations of SpriteKit overlay on SceneKit stops when SceneKit animations stop
I guess someone must have asked this before, but I can't find it right now so in the meanwhile here goes.
Animations of SpriteKit overlay on SceneKit stops when SceneKit animations stop. This is unexpected. It's like the whole SCNView and its children goes into sleep as soon as the 3D contents don't move. How can I make the spritekit scene animate independently of what the scenekit scene does?
Update: I have confirmed that if I add a simple 3D box that rotates indefinitely and keep it in the view somewhere, the 3D scene does not "sleep" and neither does the overlay. Is there a setting somewhere to stop the SceneKit part from sleeping?
Background:
I use SCNView.overlaySKScene. I have a indefinitely repeating animation of one of the subnodes of that overlay. As soon as an action and/or animation goes on in the SceneKit scene, the overlay 2D stuff also animates, but stops as soon as the 3D animations stop.
iOS 9.2.1.
A:
A SceneKit view runs its update/render loop only when it knows there's animation going on. (Because if there's no change in what's to be rendered, rendering just wastes CPU/GPU time and eats up battery power.)
SceneKit is rather conservative in guessing when it should run the render loop. It runs if there are CAAnimations or SCNActions in the scene or if the physics engine is doing something, but I think that's about it.
If you've got other stuff that wants to run the render loop (like an overlay SKScene that needs to run its own game loop), just set the view's playing property to true.
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Ultra Duty Round Ring View Binder, 1" Cap, Black
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Matt LeBlanc Crashes Wedding While Filming Top Gear in London
Matt LeBlanc and stunt driver Ken Block appeared to crash a wedding at the famed St. Paul's Cathedral in London Saturday while filming Top Gear around the city. LeBlanc, 48, was named a co-host of the popular BBC car show in February.
Block did some stunts on the cobblestone road at the foot of the church's steps as the wedding party watched, many appearing shocked. The bride, dressed in a strapless cream gown with sparkling embellishments and a fingertip veil with lace trimming, was spotted smiling at the scene.
LeBlanc and Block were there for about an hour and did a couple of runs before filming, witness Paul Bradbury told E! News exclusively. The actor also interacted with fans.
"I think everyone was a bit shocked to see Matt emerge from the car," he said.
The vehicle, a 1965 845bhp, four-wheel-drive Ford Mustang, was later seen smoking and stalled for a bit, Bradbury said. A crew soon got it started again and Block and LeBlanc then continued their drive, accompanied by a police escort, E! News has learned. |
*fam_close* -- Close FAM connection
void fam_close(resource fam)~
Closes a connection to the FAM service.
{fam} A resource representing a connection to the FAM service returned by
|fam_open|
No value is returned.
|fam_monitor_open|
vim:ft=help:
|
COURT OF APPEALS
SECOND DISTRICT OF TEXAS
FORT WORTH
NO. 02-13-00482-CR
KURLEY JAMES JOHNSON APPELLANT
V.
THE STATE OF TEXAS STATE
----------
FROM THE 89TH DISTRICT COURT OF WICHITA COUNTY
TRIAL COURT NO. 53,445-C
----------
MEMORANDUM OPINION 1
----------
Appellant Kurley James Johnson was charged by indictment with three
counts of indecency with a child by contact. Each count alleged an offense
against a different complainant. Appellant pled not guilty to each count. The jury
found him guilty on each count and, as to each count, assessed punishment at
imprisonment for life. The trial court sentenced him accordingly and ordered the
1
See Tex. R. App. P. 47.4.
three life sentences to be served consecutively. Appellant brings two points on
appeal, arguing that the evidence is insufficient to support each of his three
convictions for indecency with a child and that the trial court reversibly erred by
allowing an expert witness to testify that the complainants had not been coached.
Because the evidence is sufficient to support the jury’s verdict and because the
trial court committed no reversible error, we affirm the trial court’s judgment.
Brief Summary of Facts
The complainants are referred to by pseudonyms: Count 1—Pseudonym
120002A (“Avery”), Count 2—Pseudonym 120002C (“Lala”), and Count 3—
Pseudonym 120002D (“Nikki”).
On December 24, 2011, Appellant was at the home of his relative M.J.
M.J.’s daughters Lala and Nikki were there with their friends Avery and Avery’s
sister, CC. Later that same day, Avery made an outcry to her mother, who told
M.J. Avery, Lala, and Nikki (collectively “Complainants”) said that Appellant had
placed his hand on their genitals over their clothes. M.J. and his son were also in
the house when those acts occurred.
About a week later, Complainants’ mothers filed a police report listing
Appellant as a suspect for indecency with a child by sexual contact. Officers took
the reports, filled out a pseudonym sheet for each complainant, and forwarded the
information to the Criminal Investigative Division (“CID”). Following CID
procedure, the CID did not personally interview the children involved in the report
but instead went to Patsy’s House—a child advocacy center—which has forensic
2
interviewers trained to speak with children in these cases. Complainants were
interviewed by Shannon May, a forensic interviewer for Patsy’s House.
At trial, Avery testified that Appellant picked her up, placed her on his lap,
and rubbed his hand over her genital area for “[a] few seconds” while they played
a game of Monopoly. Appellant stopped when Avery asked to use the bathroom.
Lala testified that on the same day, Appellant touched her “private area” as she
was playing a computer game in the living room. She testified that he moved his
hand while he touched her but said that she was too embarrassed to explain how
he moved it. Lala said that Appellant stopped when she moved to another
couch. Although Nikki was unable to testify whether she was lying down,
standing up, or sitting down when the incident occurred, she also testified that
Appellant placed his hand on her genitals over her clothes, but she said that he
kept his hand still.
May also testified at trial. May had completed training in conducting
forensic interviews with children who had allegedly been sexually molested. She
had also completed a five-block training course through the State of Texas and
additional national forensic interview training.
At trial, May explained that her interview process was a semi-structured
narrative process; some parts of the interviews were therefore the same with all
the children. She testified,
I want to make sure that they understand the difference in truth and
lie. I want to make sure that they’re kind of developmentally on
target so I’m asking questions that they understand. And then I’m
3
just trying to ask them in a way that’s free narrative, so from their own
recall, they can put words to their own story.
All four children were interviewed, but CC did not describe a completed
offense of indecency with a child during May’s interview.
The State asked May if there was “anything else significant about the
interviews and the way the children answered their questions.” May testified that
“[t]here was nothing that [the children] stated that would make [her], based on
[her] experience, think that there was any coaching.” Appellant objected to May’s
statement, asserting that the statement was intended to “bolster the credibility of
the witness.” The trial court overruled Appellant’s objection.
Sufficiency of the Evidence
In his first point, Appellant argues that the evidence of intent to arouse or
gratify is insufficient to support the jury’s verdict. In our due-process review of the
sufficiency of the evidence to support a conviction, we view all of the evidence in
the light most favorable to the verdict to determine whether any rational trier of
fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable
doubt. 2 This standard gives full play to the responsibility of the trier of fact to
resolve conflicts in the testimony, to weigh the evidence, and to draw reasonable
inferences from basic facts to ultimate facts. 3
2
Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319, 99 S. Ct. 2781, 2789 (1979);
Dobbs v. State, 434 S.W.3d 166, 170 (Tex. Crim. App. 2014).
3
Jackson, 443 U.S. at 319, 99 S. Ct. at 2789; Dobbs, 434 S.W.3d at 170.
4
The trier of fact is the sole judge of the weight and credibility of the
evidence.4 Thus, when performing an evidentiary sufficiency review, we may not
re-evaluate the weight and credibility of the evidence and substitute our judgment
for that of the factfinder.5 Instead, we determine whether the necessary
inferences are reasonable based upon the cumulative force of the evidence when
viewed in the light most favorable to the verdict.6 We must presume that the
factfinder resolved any conflicting inferences in favor of the verdict and defer to
that resolution.7
The standard of review is the same for direct and circumstantial evidence
cases; circumstantial evidence is as probative as direct evidence in establishing
the guilt of an actor.8 In determining the sufficiency of the evidence to show an
appellant’s intent, and faced with a record that supports conflicting inferences, we
“must presume—even if it does not affirmatively appear in the record—that the
4
See Tex. Code Crim. Proc. Ann. art. 38.04 (West 1979); Dobbs, 434
S.W.3d at 170.
5
Isassi v. State, 330 S.W.3d 633, 638 (Tex. Crim. App. 2010).
6
Sorrells v. State, 343 S.W.3d 152, 155 (Tex. Crim. App. 2011); see
Temple v. State, 390 S.W.3d 341, 360 (Tex. Crim. App. 2013).
7
Jackson, 443 U.S. at 326, 99 S. Ct. at 2793; Dobbs, 434 S.W.3d at 170.
8
Dobbs, 434 S.W.3d at 170; Hooper v. State, 214 S.W.3d 9, 13 (Tex. Crim.
App. 2007).
5
trier of fact resolved any such conflict in favor of the prosecution, and must defer
to that resolution.” 9
Section 21.11 of the penal code provides in pertinent part,
(a) A person commits an offense if, with a child younger than 17
years of age, whether the child is of the same or opposite sex, the
person:
(1) engages in sexual contact with the child or causes the
child to engage in sexual contact . . . .
....
(c) In this section, “sexual contact” means the following acts, if
committed with the intent to arouse or gratify the sexual desire of any
person:
(1) any touching by a person, including touching through
clothing, of the anus, breast, or any part of the genitals of a
child . . . 10
It is well established that intent may be inferred from an accused’s behavior
and words as well as from the surrounding circumstances.11 Avery, who was
eleven, testified that she went into the kitchen to the table where Appellant and
the other children were playing Monopoly. Appellant put her in his lap, put his
hand “at” her “front private” over her clothes, and moved his hand up and down.
Avery did not testify that any adult other than Appellant was in the room. There is
9
Matson v. State, 819 S.W.2d 839, 846 (Tex. Crim. App. 1991).
10
Tex. Penal Code Ann. §21.11(a)(1) (West 2011).
11
McKenzie v. State, 617 S.W.2d 211, 216 (Tex. Crim. App. [Panel Op.]
1981); Bazanes v. State, 310 S.W.3d 32, 37 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 2010, pet.
ref’d); see Guevara v. State, 152 S.W.3d 45, 50 (Tex. Crim. App. 2004).
6
no evidence that Appellant said anything significant to the determination of intent,
but he stopped only when Avery got up and walked away. Lala testified that he
did essentially the same thing to her on that same day and stopped when she
moved away from him. Although Nikki was unable to provide detail, she testified
that Appellant touched her genitals through her clothing with his hand.
Avery’s sister CC testified that Appellant rubbed her right hip and that when
Avery was sitting in his lap, although CC could not see his hand moving, she saw
his left shoulder moving.
Thus, the evidence shows that Appellant touched and rubbed the genitals
of two of the complainants and touched the genitals of the third complainant. He
rubbed the hip of a fourth girl, who testified that she saw his arm moving while
Avery was sitting in Appellant’s lap. The evidence that Appellant engaged in
sexual contact with each of the three girls on the same day suggests that the
contact was not accidental or inadvertent. Nothing in the context of the fondling
suggests that a nonsexual explanation for the contact exists. Additionally, the
testimony suggests that Appellant was trying to hide his actions by engaging in
the touching below the level of the table or when the respective child was alone.
Considering the record as a whole, and employing the appropriate standard of
review, we hold that the evidence is sufficient to support the jury’s determination
that Appellant fondled each of the three girls with intent to arouse or gratify his
sexual desire. We overrule Appellant’s first issue.
7
Opinion Testimony of Interviewer
In his second point, Appellant argues that the trial court reversibly erred by
allowing May to testify that she saw no evidence of coaching when she
interviewed the children because the opinion constituted improper bolstering of
the children’s testimony. Technically, May did not testify that in her opinion they
had not been coached. Rather, she testified that “[t]here was nothing that
the[ children] stated that would make [her], based on [her] experience, think that
there was any coaching.” That is, she said that she saw no evidence of coaching,
which is permissible. 12 We see no expression of May’s opinion of the truthfulness
of the children. 13 We therefore hold that the trial court did not abuse its discretion
by admitting May’s testimony. But even if, as Appellant argues, May’s objected-to
testimony was an expression of her opinion of the truthfulness of the children, and
therefore inadmissible, 14 a conclusion we do not reach, Appellant suffered no
harm.15 Trial counsel’s skillful cross-examination of May revealed that, although
she did not suspect coaching, she could not know for a certainty, or even a
12
See Schutz v. State, 957 S.W.2d 52, 70, 73 (Tex. Crim. App. 1997);
Cantu v. State, 366 S.W.3d 771, 777 (Tex. App.—Amarillo 2012, no pet.).
13
See Schutz, 957 S.W.2d at 73; Cantu, 366 S.W.3d at 777.
14
See Yount v. State, 872 S.W.2d 706, 709 (Tex. Crim. App. 1993).
15
See Tex. R. App. P. 44.2(b).
8
probability, that the children’s testimony had not been influenced. We overrule
Appellant’s second point.
Conclusion
Having overruled Appellant’s two points, we affirm the trial court’s
judgments.
/s/ Lee Ann Dauphinot
LEE ANN DAUPHINOT
JUSTICE
PANEL: DAUPHINOT, GARDNER, and WALKER, JJ.
DO NOT PUBLISH
Tex. R. App. P. 47.2(b)
DELIVERED: April 16, 2015
9
|
...Huntsville Ala. String bean snap bean haricot bean and pinto and ...Now an international collaboration of researchers led by Jeremy Schm...The researchers learned that unlike most other food crops the common... We found very little overlap and very little mixing among the two d...
Huntsville, Ala. String bean, snap bean, haricot bean, and pinto and navy bean. These are just a few members of the common bean family scientifically called Phaseolus vulgaris. These beans are critically important to the global food supply. They provide up to 15 percent of calories and 36 percent of daily protein for parts of Africa and the Americas and serve as a daily staple for hundreds of millions of people.
Now, an international collaboration of researchers, led by Jeremy Schmutz of the HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology and Phillip McClean, of North Dakota State University (NDSU) have sequenced and analyzed the genome of the common bean to begin to identify genes involved in critical traits such as size, flavor, disease resistance and drought tolerance. The study was funded by the US Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture and the US Department of Energy Office of Science.
The researchers learned that, unlike most other food crops, the common bean was domesticated twice by humans about 8,000 years ago once in Mexico and once in South America through the selection of largely non-overlapping, unique subsets of genes.
"We found very little overlap, and very little mixing, among the two domesticated populations," said Jeremy Schmutz, who co-directs the HudsonAlpha Institute's Genome Sequencing Center and serves as the Plant Program Leader for the Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute. "Evolutionarily, this makes the common bean very unique and interesting."
Schmutz shares lead authorship of the current study, which was published on June 8 in Nature Genetics, with Phillip McClean, director of the genomics and bioinformatics program at NDSU. Scott Jackson, from the University of Georgia, is the senior author.
The HudsonAlpha Genome Sequencing Center specializes in the production of reference plant genomes and genomic resources with a focus on improving agriculture and developing plant-based energy sources. In 2010, Schmutz led a team of researchers that used the Center's unique facilities to be the first to sequence the genome of the soybean another vital global crop.
Identifying genes involved in the domestication of the common bean, and comparing locally adapted domesticated bean groups (called landraces) to their wild counterparts throughout Mexico and South America will help researchers understand how beans evolved, and how modern breeding programs might be improved to yield tastier, more-easily harvested, and, yes, even more-nutrient-packed beans. It may also help scientists to develop bean varieties resistant to pests, or better able to grow in challenging environments.
The common bean originated from a wild bean population in Mexico, and shares a common ancestor with the soybean. In addition to its role as a critical food crop, it serves as a partner in a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria to improve the soil in which it is planted.
"We're trying to understand what the common bean looked like before human intervention, to identify what occurred during early domestication and to apply that to modern bean breeding," said Schmutz. "Modern beans have been bred to fill specific expectations with regard to color, size and shape, and as a consequence have very little diversity. Studies such as this are necessary to identify genes that could be used to improve traits such as ease of harvest, flavor, yield and disease resistance."
Once genes are identified, they could be reintroduced into the population by selective breeding with wild populations, or careful breeding of existing landraces or even commercial beans. The Common Bean Coordinated Agricultural Project, or BeanCAP, launched in 2009 under the direction of study co-author McClean, is dedicated to the identification of gene markers that can be used in such breeding programs.
"The genome sequence has important implications for world-wide efforts to improve beans," said McClean. "The sequence will help breeders release varieties that are competitive with other crops and more climate resilient." The sequence revealed that disease resistance genes are highly clustered in the genome, knowledge that will lead to better breeding strategies to combat the many diseases that challenge the bean crop. Data from the study is being actively used by the many international bean breeders and geneticists to develop the next generation of molecular markers to aid bean breeding efforts.
From a global perspective, this information could be beneficial to farmers in developing countries that practice the intercropping system known as "milpa", where beans, corn, and occasionally squash, are planted together. The historical practice ensures that their land can continue to produce high-yield crops without resorting to adding fertilizers or other chemical methods of providing nutrients to the soil. McClean noted that "Breeders and genomic scientists in these countries are already working with the international bean community to utilize this important new genetic resource to address the production constraints unique to the "milpa" system."
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Prince of the City (2012)
Prince Amara, the capable and reliable adopted son of Malaysian billionaire Jaggoi Sibuyan is the pride of the family, more so than his full-blooded son Putra Sibuyan. When the powerful patriarch of Dana Corporation dies, Prince inherits the successful company but the jealous Putra frames him for murder. Shamed and beaten, Prince is banished from the country and told that he will be killed if he r |
Systems exist for communicating patient information to nursing home or hospital health care workers to assist in the care of the patient. Such information includes whether the patient is combative, hard-of-hearing, visually impaired, etc. Such systems convey this patient information by placing symbols on a representation of the specific patient, such as a photograph of the patient's face. However, there is a need for a system which conveys patient information more specifically by associating the patient information with a specific, applicable part of the patient's body in a manner easily recognized by a trained health care worker. For example, left leg weakness would be indicated by a specific symbol placed on top of the left leg of an image representing the patient.
Existing systems for communicating patient information include pictorial symbols or icons movable by the health care workers and anyone else who visits the patient. There is a need for a system which conveys patient information in a fixed representation generally unalterable by persons other than the health care workers.
The invention described below addresses these and other disadvantages. |
The interest rates on Federal education loans change on July 1, and
are based on the 91-day rate from the last Treasury auction in May
and the average one-year constant maturity Treasury yield
(CMT) for the last
calendar week ending on or before June 26th.
The following rates are updated automatically
by a program that retrieves the latest appropriate Treasury bill
auction data from the
US Treasury web site.
(During the month of June, the rates may reflect the updated reference rates. Check the date of the 91-day T-Bill and CMT reference rates listed below to see whether the student loan rates refer to the old or new academic year.)
Please note that the College Cost Reduction and Access Act of 2007 cut
the fixed interest rates on newly originated subsidized Stafford loans
for undergraduate students to 6.0% (2008-09), 5.6% (2009-10), 4.5%
(2010-11) and 3.4% (2011-12), with a return to 6.8% in 2012-13. These
cuts are available only to undergraduate students, not graduate
students, and only for subsidized Stafford loans, not unsubsidized
Stafford loans. Those loans remain at a fixed rate of 6.8%.
The Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 switched to
100% Direct Lending for all new loans starting July 1, 2010. The
Direct Loan program has a lower interest rate on the PLUS loan than in
the FFEL program (7.9% vs. 8.5%).
In the following table, the In-School Rate includes grace
and deferment periods, and the Repayment Rate includes
forbearance periods.
Date Disbursed
Type
In-School Rate
Repayment Rate
7/2010-6/2012
Stafford
6.80%
6.80%
PLUS
7.90%
7.90%
7/2006-6/2010
Stafford
6.80%
6.80%
PLUS
(FFEL) 8.50%(DL) 7.90%
(FFEL) 8.50%(DL) 7.90%
7/1998-6/2006
Stafford
1.75%
2.35%
PLUS
3.15%
3.15%
7/1995-6/1998
Stafford
2.55%
3.15%
PLUS
3.39%
3.39%
7/1994-6/1995
Stafford
3.15%
3.15%
PLUS
3.39%
3.39%
10/1992-6/1994
Stafford
3.15%
3.15%
PLUS
3.39%
3.39%
For use with Net Present Value calculations, the discount rate
based on the most recent 10-year Treasury note is 2.75%.
The interest rates listed above are based on the
following reference rates:
91-day T-Bill rate of 0.05% (05-28-2013)
CMT rate of 0.29% (06-25-2010)
10-year Treasury Note rate of 2.75% (11-13-2013 10-YEAR)
The interest rate formulas are as follows, where the 91-day T-bill rate is the investment yield of the 13-week Treasury Bill, not the discount rate:
Date Disbursed
Type
In-School Rate
Repayment Rate
Cap
7/1/2010 to 6/30/2012
Stafford
Fixed Rate of 6.8%
Fixed Rate of 6.8%
NA
PLUS
Fixed Rate of 7.9%
Fixed Rate of 7.9%
NA
7/1/2006 to 6/30/2010
Stafford
Fixed Rate of 6.8%
Fixed Rate of 6.8%
NA
PLUS
Fixed Rate of 8.5% (FFEL) or 7.9% (DL)
Fixed Rate of 8.5% (FFEL) or 7.9% (DL)
NA
7/1/1998 to 6/30/2006
Stafford
91-day T-bill + 1.7%
91-day T-bill + 2.3%
8.25%
PLUS
91-day T-bill + 3.1%
91-day T-bill + 3.1%
9.0%
7/1/1995 to 6/30/1998
Stafford
91-day T-bill + 2.5%
91-day T-bill + 3.1%
8.25%
PLUS
CMT + 3.1%
CMT + 3.1%
9.0%
7/1/1994 to 6/30/1995
Stafford
91-day T-bill + 3.1%
91-day T-bill + 3.1%
8.25%
PLUS
CMT + 3.1%
CMT + 3.1%
9.0%
10/1/1992 to 6/30/1994
Stafford
91-day T-bill + 3.1%
91-day T-bill + 3.1%
9.0%
PLUS
CMT + 3.1%
CMT + 3.1%
10.0%
As of 11-12-2013, the current projections for the 2014-2015 variable interest rates are:
Projected Stafford Loan (In-School/Grace Period): 1.78%
Projected Stafford Loan (Repayment Period): 2.38%
Projected PLUS Loan: 3.18%
These projections would yield the following consolidation loan interest rates:
Projected Stafford Loan Consolidation (In-School/Grace Period): 1.88%
Projected Stafford Loan Consolidation (Repayment Period): 2.50%
Projected PLUS Loan Consolidation: 3.25%
These projections represent a projected increase of 0.030% in interest rates.
These projections indicate what the student loan interest rates
would be if they were based on the most recent 91-day T-Bill
auction, as opposed to the last 91-day T-Bill auction in May.
They do not take into account the impact of future federal funds rate hikes and cuts by
the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC).
Interest rate hikes and cuts by the FOMC usually trigger corresponding increases and cuts in
education loan interest rates. Since education loan interest rates are
based on market rates, and the market tends to anticipate interest
rate moves by the FOMC, the dates of upcoming FOMC meetings should
be considered when projecting likely education loan interest rate
increases. Specifically, one should consider the dates of all FOMC
meetings between the most recent 91-day T-Bill auction and the last
91-day T-Bill auction in May, plus any regularly scheduled June
meetings of the FOMC. For example, if the FOMC has increased the
fund rate by 25 basic points at each of its last three meetings
and there is one more FOMC meeting before the last 91-day T-Bill
auction in May, one can expect education loan interest rates to be
about 25 basis points higher than the projections listed above.
On February 8, 2002, President Bush signed legislation changing the
interest rates on education loans from variable rates to fixed rates for
new loans issued after July 1, 2006. The interest rate on the Stafford
Loan is 6.8% and the interest rate on the PLUS Loan is 7.9%.
The scheduled increase in the PLUS Loan interest rate was subsequently
changed from 7.9% to 8.5% by the Higher Education Reconciliation Act of 2005, as passed on February 8, 2006.
This bill, however, failed to make a parallel change to the Direct Loan
program, so only the FFEL PLUS Loan interest rate will be increasing to 8.5%.
Thus the fixed rates on new loans for which the first disbursement occurs on or after July 1, 2006 are: 6.8% Stafford, 7.9% Federal Direct PLUS and 8.5% FFEL PLUS. |
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Q:
Javascript AppendChild Issue
UPDATED WITH FULL CODE
I'm trying to dynamically add a div onto some other DIV's stored in an array
The array which contains DIV's is named categoryData which contains an attribute with its category name
The shop-row div's (categoryData) is empty at the beginning.
I've got another array which contains the product object stored in an array called
storeCategoryData
The product object is in the following format,
{CategoryName:categoryname,StoreObject:store_clearfix} // store_clearfix is another div
I'm trying to add the StoreObject into the DIV categoryData.
Unfortunately some objects get added and not the others. I can figure out what i'm doing wrong here. Any help would be much appreciated.
Thanks!
I tried doing everything possible. Still no luck :(
var store_list = document.getElementsByClassName("shop-list")[0];
if(data['stores']!=null && data['stores'] !== typeof undefined){
var numstores = Object.keys(data["stores"]).length;
var count = 0;
while (count < numstores) {
var categories = data["stores"][count].Categories;
var catcount = categories.length;
var c=0;
while(c<catcount){
var cat = categories[c];
if (!(storeCategories.indexOf(cat) > -1)) {
var category_element = document.createElement("li");
if(count==0 && c==0){
category_element.className="active";
}
var clickable = document.createElement("a");
clickable.href = "#";
clickable.innerText = cat;
clickable.setAttribute("category-data", cat);
storeCategories.push(cat);
category_element.appendChild(clickable);
category_list.appendChild(category_element);
var div = document.createElement("div");
div.className = "shop-row";
div.setAttribute("category-name", cat);
categoryData.push(div);
}
c++;
}
count++;
}
count = 0;
while (count < numstores) {
var StoreId = data["stores"][count].StoreId;
var WebsiteUrl = data["stores"][count].WebsiteUrl;
var LogoUrl = data["stores"][count].LogoUrl;
var categories = data["stores"][count].Categories;
var store_clearfix = document.createElement("div");
store_clearfix.className = "single-products-catagory clearfix";
var store_atag = document.createElement("a");
store_atag.className = "home-shop";
store_atag.href = WebsiteUrl;
var store_img = document.createElement("img");
store_img.className = "shop-icon";
store_img.src = LogoUrl;
store_img.alt = StoreId;
store_atag.appendChild(store_img);
store_clearfix.appendChild(store_atag);
c=0;
catcount = categories.length;
while(c<catcount){
var categoryname = categories[c];
var i = 0;
var datacount = categoryData.length;
while(i<datacount){
var datarow = categoryData[i];
if(categoryname==datarow.getAttribute("category-name")) {
var storeObj = {CategoryName:categoryname,StoreObject:store_clearfix};
storeCategoryData.push(storeObj);
break;
}
i++;
}
c++;
}
count++;
}
categories_tab.appendChild(category_list);
i=0;
for (i = 0; i < categoryData.length; i++) {
var div = categoryData[i];
console.log(div);
var name = div.getAttribute("category-name");
var c;
for (c = 0; c < storeCategoryData.length; c++) {
console.log(storeCategoryData[c].CategoryName);
if(storeCategoryData[c].CategoryName==name){
console.log(storeCategoryData[c].StoreObject);
div.appendChild(storeCategoryData[c].StoreObject);
}
}
console.log("Finished "+name );
console.log(div);
store_list.appendChild(div);
}
}
Example variable data defined as follows
{
"status": "success",
"stores": [
{
"StoreId": "randomStore",
"WebsiteUrl": "https://abcd.com",
"LogoUrl": "https://abcd.come",
"Categories": [
"ALL",
"MENS",
"WOMENS"
]
},
{
"StoreId": "someStoreId",
"WebsiteUrl": "https://someurl.com",
"LogoUrl": "https://someLogo.com",
"Categories": [
"MENS"
]
}
]
}
A:
The problem you are facing here is caused by the following behavior:
The Node.appendChild() method adds a node to the end of the list of
children of a specified parent node. If the given child is a reference
to an existing node in the document, appendChild() moves it from its
current position to the new position (MDN: Node.appendChild())
What this means is that appendChild will remove the node if already present in the DOM, which is what we are seeing here. This can be easily solved by creating a deep clone of the node first using cloneNode, before appending it to the target div, as follows:
var clone = storeCategoryData[c].StoreObject.cloneNode(true);
div.appendChild(clone);
You can also refer to the snippet below for a working example:
var categories_tab = document.getElementById('category-tab');
var store_list = document.getElementById('store-list');
var storeCategories = [];
var storeCategoryData = [];
var data = {
"status": "success",
"stores": [{
"StoreId": "randomStore",
"WebsiteUrl": "https://abcd.com",
"LogoUrl": "https://abcd.come",
"Categories": [
"ALL",
"MENS",
"WOMENS"
]
},
{
"StoreId": "someStoreId",
"WebsiteUrl": "https://someurl.com",
"LogoUrl": "https://someLogo.com",
"Categories": [
"MENS"
]
}
]
};
var categoryData = [];
var category_list = document.createElement("ul");
if (data['stores'] != null && data['stores'] !== typeof undefined) {
var numstores = Object.keys(data["stores"]).length;
var count = 0;
while (count < numstores) {
var categories = data["stores"][count].Categories;
var catcount = categories.length;
var c = 0;
while (c < catcount) {
var cat = categories[c];
if (!(storeCategories.indexOf(cat) > -1)) {
var category_element = document.createElement("li");
if (count == 0 && c == 0) {
category_element.className = "active";
}
var clickable = document.createElement("a");
clickable.href = "#";
clickable.innerText = cat;
clickable.setAttribute("category-data", cat);
storeCategories.push(cat);
category_element.appendChild(clickable);
category_list.appendChild(category_element);
var div = document.createElement("div");
div.className = "shop-row";
div.setAttribute("category-name", cat);
categoryData.push(div);
}
c++;
}
count++;
}
count = 0;
while (count < numstores) {
var StoreId = data["stores"][count].StoreId;
var WebsiteUrl = data["stores"][count].WebsiteUrl;
var LogoUrl = data["stores"][count].LogoUrl;
var categories = data["stores"][count].Categories;
var store_clearfix = document.createElement("div");
store_clearfix.className = "single-products-catagory clearfix";
var store_atag = document.createElement("a");
store_atag.className = "home-shop";
store_atag.href = WebsiteUrl;
var p = document.createElement("p");
p.className = "shop-icon";
var t = document.createTextNode(LogoUrl);
p.appendChild(t)
store_atag.appendChild(p);
store_clearfix.appendChild(store_atag);
c = 0;
catcount = categories.length;
while (c < catcount) {
var categoryname = categories[c];
var i = 0;
var datacount = categoryData.length;
while (i < datacount) {
var datarow = categoryData[i];
if (categoryname == datarow.getAttribute("category-name")) {
var storeObj = {
CategoryName: categoryname,
StoreObject: store_clearfix
};
storeCategoryData.push(storeObj);
break;
}
i++;
}
c++;
}
count++;
}
categories_tab.appendChild(category_list);
i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < categoryData.length; i++) {
var div = categoryData[i];
console.log(div);
var name = div.getAttribute("category-name");
var c;
for (c = 0; c < storeCategoryData.length; c++) {
console.log(storeCategoryData[c].CategoryName);
if (storeCategoryData[c].CategoryName == name) {
console.log(storeCategoryData[c].StoreObject);
var clone = storeCategoryData[c].StoreObject.cloneNode(true);
div.appendChild(clone);
}
}
console.log("Finished " + name);
console.log(div);
store_list.appendChild(div);
}
}
<div id="category-tab" style="min-height: 20px; border: 1px solid; padding: 10px"></div>
<div id="store-list" style="min-height: 20px; border: 1px solid green; padding: 10px; margin-top: 30px"></div>
|
#include "caffe2/operators/pool_op.h"
#include <string>
#include "caffe2/utils/eigen_utils.h"
namespace caffe2 {
namespace {
template <typename T, StorageOrder kOrder>
void ComputeAveragePoolGradient1D(
int l,
int r,
int y,
T scale,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<T>& dY_arr,
EigenArrayMap<T>* dX_arr);
template <>
void ComputeAveragePoolGradient1D<float, StorageOrder::NCHW>(
const int l,
const int r,
const int y,
const float scale,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& dY_arr,
EigenArrayMap<float>* dX_arr) {
dX_arr->col(0).segment(l, r - l) += dY_arr(y) * scale;
}
template <>
void ComputeAveragePoolGradient1D<float, StorageOrder::NHWC>(
const int l,
const int r,
const int y,
const float scale,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& dY_arr,
EigenArrayMap<float>* dX_arr) {
for (int i = l; i < r; ++i) {
dX_arr->col(i) += dY_arr.col(y) * scale;
}
}
template <typename T, StorageOrder kOrder>
void ComputeAveragePoolGradient2D(
int W,
int t,
int b,
int l,
int r,
int y,
T scale,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<T>& dY_arr,
EigenArrayMap<T>* dX_arr);
template <>
void ComputeAveragePoolGradient2D<float, StorageOrder::NCHW>(
const int /* W */,
const int t,
const int b,
const int l,
const int r,
const int y,
const float scale,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& dY_arr,
EigenArrayMap<float>* dX_arr) {
dX_arr->block(l, t, r - l, b - t) += dY_arr(y) * scale;
}
template <>
void ComputeAveragePoolGradient2D<float, StorageOrder::NHWC>(
const int W,
const int t,
const int b,
const int l,
const int r,
const int y,
const float scale,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& dY_arr,
EigenArrayMap<float>* dX_arr) {
for (int i = t; i < b; ++i) {
for (int j = l; j < r; ++j) {
dX_arr->col(i * W + j) += dY_arr.col(y) * scale;
}
}
}
template <typename T, StorageOrder kOrder>
void ComputeAveragePoolGradient3D(
int H,
int W,
int p,
int a,
int t,
int b,
int l,
int r,
int y,
T scale,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<T>& dY_arr,
EigenArrayMap<T>* dX_arr);
template <>
void ComputeAveragePoolGradient3D<float, StorageOrder::NCHW>(
const int H,
const int /* W */,
const int p,
const int a,
const int t,
const int b,
const int l,
const int r,
const int y,
const float scale,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& dY_arr,
EigenArrayMap<float>* dX_arr) {
for (int i = p; i < a; ++i) {
dX_arr->block(l, i * H + t, r - l, b - t) += dY_arr(y) * scale;
}
}
template <>
void ComputeAveragePoolGradient3D<float, StorageOrder::NHWC>(
const int H,
const int W,
const int p,
const int a,
const int t,
const int b,
const int l,
const int r,
const int y,
const float scale,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& dY_arr,
EigenArrayMap<float>* dX_arr) {
for (int i = p; i < a; ++i) {
for (int j = t; j < b; ++j) {
for (int k = l; k < r; ++k) {
dX_arr->col(i * H * W + j * W + k) += dY_arr.col(y) * scale;
}
}
}
}
template <typename T, StorageOrder kOrder>
void RunAveragePoolGradient1D(
const int N,
const int C,
const int X_size,
const int Y_size,
const int kernel,
const int stride,
const int pad,
const bool count_include_pad,
const T* dY,
T* dX) {
const int batch_size = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW ? N * C : N;
const int X_stride = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW ? X_size : X_size * C;
const int Y_stride = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW ? Y_size : Y_size * C;
std::memset(dX, 0, sizeof(T) * N * C * X_size);
const T* dY_ptr = dY;
T* dX_ptr = dX;
for (int i = 0; i < batch_size; ++i) {
ConstEigenArrayMap<T> dY_arr = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW
? ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(dY_ptr, Y_size, 1)
: ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(dY_ptr, C, Y_size);
EigenArrayMap<T> dX_arr = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW
? EigenArrayMap<T>(dX_ptr, X_size, 1)
: EigenArrayMap<T>(dX_ptr, C, X_size);
for (int y = 0; y < Y_size; ++y) {
const int l = std::max(y * stride - pad, 0);
const int r = std::min(y * stride - pad + kernel, X_size);
const T scale = T(1) / static_cast<T>(count_include_pad ? kernel : r - l);
ComputeAveragePoolGradient1D<T, kOrder>(l, r, y, scale, dY_arr, &dX_arr);
}
dY_ptr += Y_stride;
dX_ptr += X_stride;
}
}
template <typename T, StorageOrder kOrder>
void RunAveragePoolGradient2D(
const int N,
const int C,
const int X_H,
const int X_W,
const int Y_H,
const int Y_W,
const int kernel_h,
const int kernel_w,
const int stride_h,
const int stride_w,
const int pad_t,
const int pad_l,
const bool count_include_pad,
const T* dY,
T* dX) {
const int batch_size = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW ? N * C : N;
const int X_HxW = X_H * X_W;
const int Y_HxW = Y_H * Y_W;
const int X_stride = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW ? X_HxW : X_HxW * C;
const int Y_stride = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW ? Y_HxW : Y_HxW * C;
std::memset(dX, 0, sizeof(T) * N * C * X_HxW);
const T* dY_ptr = dY;
T* dX_ptr = dX;
for (int i = 0; i < batch_size; ++i) {
ConstEigenArrayMap<T> dY_arr = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW
? ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(dY_ptr, Y_W, Y_H)
: ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(dY_ptr, C, Y_HxW);
EigenArrayMap<T> dX_arr = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW
? EigenArrayMap<T>(dX_ptr, X_W, X_H)
: EigenArrayMap<T>(dX_ptr, C, X_HxW);
for (int h = 0; h < Y_H; ++h) {
const int t = std::max(h * stride_h - pad_t, 0);
const int b = std::min(h * stride_h - pad_t + kernel_h, X_H);
for (int w = 0; w < Y_W; ++w) {
const int l = std::max(w * stride_w - pad_l, 0);
const int r = std::min(w * stride_w - pad_l + kernel_w, X_W);
const int y = h * Y_W + w;
const T scale = T(1) /
static_cast<T>(count_include_pad ? kernel_h * kernel_w
: (b - t) * (r - l));
ComputeAveragePoolGradient2D<T, kOrder>(
X_W, t, b, l, r, y, scale, dY_arr, &dX_arr);
}
}
dY_ptr += Y_stride;
dX_ptr += X_stride;
}
}
template <typename T, StorageOrder kOrder>
void RunAveragePoolGradient3D(
const int N,
const int C,
const int X_D,
const int X_H,
const int X_W,
const int Y_D,
const int Y_H,
const int Y_W,
const int kernel_d,
const int kernel_h,
const int kernel_w,
const int stride_d,
const int stride_h,
const int stride_w,
const int pad_p,
const int pad_t,
const int pad_l,
const bool count_include_pad,
const T* dY,
T* dX) {
const int batch_size = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW ? N * C : N;
const int X_HxW = X_D * X_H * X_W;
const int Y_HxW = Y_D * Y_H * Y_W;
const int X_stride = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW ? X_HxW : X_HxW * C;
const int Y_stride = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW ? Y_HxW : Y_HxW * C;
std::memset(dX, 0, sizeof(T) * N * C * X_HxW);
const T* dY_ptr = dY;
T* dX_ptr = dX;
for (int i = 0; i < batch_size; ++i) {
ConstEigenArrayMap<T> dY_arr = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW
? ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(dY_ptr, Y_W, Y_D * Y_H)
: ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(dY_ptr, C, Y_HxW);
EigenArrayMap<T> dX_arr = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW
? EigenArrayMap<T>(dX_ptr, X_W, X_D * X_H)
: EigenArrayMap<T>(dX_ptr, C, X_HxW);
for (int d = 0; d < Y_D; ++d) {
const int p = std::max(d * stride_d - pad_p, 0);
const int a = std::min(d * stride_d - pad_p + kernel_d, X_D);
for (int h = 0; h < Y_H; ++h) {
const int t = std::max(h * stride_h - pad_t, 0);
const int b = std::min(h * stride_h - pad_t + kernel_h, X_H);
for (int w = 0; w < Y_W; ++w) {
const int l = std::max(w * stride_w - pad_l, 0);
const int r = std::min(w * stride_w - pad_l + kernel_w, X_W);
const int y = d * Y_H * Y_W + h * Y_W + w;
const T scale = T(1) /
static_cast<T>(count_include_pad ? kernel_d * kernel_h * kernel_w
: (a - p) * (b - t) * (r - l));
ComputeAveragePoolGradient3D<T, kOrder>(
X_H, X_W, p, a, t, b, l, r, y, scale, dY_arr, &dX_arr);
}
}
}
dY_ptr += Y_stride;
dX_ptr += X_stride;
}
}
template <typename T, StorageOrder kOrder>
void ComputeMaxPoolGradient1D(
int l,
int r,
int y,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<T>& dY_arr,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<T>& X_arr,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<T>& Y_arr,
EigenArrayMap<T>* dX_arr);
template <>
void ComputeMaxPoolGradient1D<float, StorageOrder::NCHW>(
const int l,
const int r,
const int y,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& dY_arr,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& X_arr,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& Y_arr,
EigenArrayMap<float>* dX_arr) {
dX_arr->col(0).segment(l, r - l) +=
(X_arr.col(0).segment(l, r - l) == Y_arr(y)).cast<float>() * dY_arr(y);
}
template <>
void ComputeMaxPoolGradient1D<float, StorageOrder::NHWC>(
const int l,
const int r,
const int y,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& dY_arr,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& X_arr,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& Y_arr,
EigenArrayMap<float>* dX_arr) {
for (int i = l; i < r; ++i) {
dX_arr->col(i) +=
(X_arr.col(i) == Y_arr.col(y)).cast<float>() * dY_arr.col(y);
}
}
template <typename T, StorageOrder kOrder>
void ComputeMaxPoolGradient2D(
int W,
int t,
int b,
int l,
int r,
int y,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<T>& dY_arr,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<T>& X_arr,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<T>& Y_arr,
EigenArrayMap<T>* dX_arr);
template <>
void ComputeMaxPoolGradient2D<float, StorageOrder::NCHW>(
const int /* W */,
const int t,
const int b,
const int l,
const int r,
const int y,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& dY_arr,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& X_arr,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& Y_arr,
EigenArrayMap<float>* dX_arr) {
dX_arr->block(l, t, r - l, b - t) +=
(X_arr.block(l, t, r - l, b - t) == Y_arr(y)).cast<float>() * dY_arr(y);
}
template <>
void ComputeMaxPoolGradient2D<float, StorageOrder::NHWC>(
const int W,
const int t,
const int b,
const int l,
const int r,
const int y,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& dY_arr,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& X_arr,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& Y_arr,
EigenArrayMap<float>* dX_arr) {
for (int i = t; i < b; ++i) {
for (int j = l; j < r; ++j) {
const int x = i * W + j;
dX_arr->col(x) +=
(X_arr.col(x) == Y_arr.col(y)).cast<float>() * dY_arr.col(y);
}
}
}
template <typename T, StorageOrder kOrder>
void ComputeMaxPoolGradient3D(
int H,
int W,
int p,
int a,
int t,
int b,
int l,
int r,
int y,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<T>& dY_arr,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<T>& X_arr,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<T>& Y_arr,
EigenArrayMap<T>* dX_arr);
template <>
void ComputeMaxPoolGradient3D<float, StorageOrder::NCHW>(
const int H,
const int /* W */,
const int p,
const int a,
const int t,
const int b,
const int l,
const int r,
const int y,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& dY_arr,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& X_arr,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& Y_arr,
EigenArrayMap<float>* dX_arr) {
for (int i = p; i < a; ++i) {
dX_arr->block(l, i * H + t, r - l, b - t) +=
(X_arr.block(l, i * H + t, r - l, b - t) == Y_arr(y)).cast<float>() *
dY_arr(y);
}
}
template <>
void ComputeMaxPoolGradient3D<float, StorageOrder::NHWC>(
const int H,
const int W,
const int p,
const int a,
const int t,
const int b,
const int l,
const int r,
const int y,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& dY_arr,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& X_arr,
const ConstEigenArrayMap<float>& Y_arr,
EigenArrayMap<float>* dX_arr) {
for (int i = p; i < a; ++i) {
for (int j = t; j < b; ++j) {
for (int k = l; k < r; ++k) {
const int x = i * H * W + j * W + k;
dX_arr->col(x) +=
(X_arr.col(x) == Y_arr.col(y)).cast<float>() * dY_arr.col(y);
}
}
}
}
template <typename T, StorageOrder kOrder>
void RunMaxPoolGradient1D(
const int N,
const int C,
const int X_size,
const int Y_size,
const int kernel,
const int stride,
const int pad,
const T* dY,
const T* X,
const T* Y,
T* dX) {
const int batch_size = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW ? N * C : N;
const int X_stride = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW ? X_size : X_size * C;
const int Y_stride = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW ? Y_size : Y_size * C;
std::memset(dX, 0, sizeof(T) * N * C * X_size);
const T* dY_ptr = dY;
const T* X_ptr = X;
const T* Y_ptr = Y;
T* dX_ptr = dX;
for (int i = 0; i < batch_size; ++i) {
ConstEigenArrayMap<T> dY_arr = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW
? ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(dY_ptr, Y_size, 1)
: ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(dY_ptr, C, Y_size);
ConstEigenArrayMap<T> X_arr = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW
? ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(X_ptr, X_size, 1)
: ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(X_ptr, C, X_size);
ConstEigenArrayMap<T> Y_arr = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW
? ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(Y_ptr, Y_size, 1)
: ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(Y_ptr, C, Y_size);
EigenArrayMap<T> dX_arr = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW
? EigenArrayMap<T>(dX_ptr, X_size, 1)
: EigenArrayMap<T>(dX_ptr, C, X_size);
for (int y = 0; y < Y_size; ++y) {
const int l = std::max(y * stride - pad, 0);
const int r = std::min(y * stride - pad + kernel, X_size);
ComputeMaxPoolGradient1D<T, kOrder>(
l, r, y, dY_arr, X_arr, Y_arr, &dX_arr);
}
dY_ptr += Y_stride;
X_ptr += X_stride;
Y_ptr += Y_stride;
dX_ptr += X_stride;
}
}
template <typename T, StorageOrder kOrder>
void RunMaxPoolGradient2D(
const int N,
const int C,
const int X_H,
const int X_W,
const int Y_H,
const int Y_W,
const int kernel_h,
const int kernel_w,
const int stride_h,
const int stride_w,
const int pad_t,
const int pad_l,
const T* dY,
const T* X,
const T* Y,
T* dX) {
const int batch_size = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW ? N * C : N;
const int X_HxW = X_H * X_W;
const int Y_HxW = Y_H * Y_W;
const int X_stride = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW ? X_HxW : X_HxW * C;
const int Y_stride = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW ? Y_HxW : Y_HxW * C;
std::memset(dX, 0, sizeof(T) * N * C * X_HxW);
const T* dY_ptr = dY;
const T* X_ptr = X;
const T* Y_ptr = Y;
T* dX_ptr = dX;
for (int i = 0; i < batch_size; ++i) {
ConstEigenArrayMap<T> dY_arr = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW
? ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(dY_ptr, Y_W, Y_H)
: ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(dY_ptr, C, Y_HxW);
ConstEigenArrayMap<T> X_arr = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW
? ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(X_ptr, X_W, X_H)
: ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(X_ptr, C, X_HxW);
ConstEigenArrayMap<T> Y_arr = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW
? ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(Y_ptr, Y_W, Y_H)
: ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(Y_ptr, C, Y_HxW);
EigenArrayMap<T> dX_arr = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW
? EigenArrayMap<T>(dX_ptr, X_W, X_H)
: EigenArrayMap<T>(dX_ptr, C, X_HxW);
for (int h = 0; h < Y_H; ++h) {
const int t = std::max(h * stride_h - pad_t, 0);
const int b = std::min(h * stride_h - pad_t + kernel_h, X_H);
for (int w = 0; w < Y_W; ++w) {
const int l = std::max(w * stride_w - pad_l, 0);
const int r = std::min(w * stride_w - pad_l + kernel_w, X_W);
const int y = h * Y_W + w;
ComputeMaxPoolGradient2D<T, kOrder>(
X_W, t, b, l, r, y, dY_arr, X_arr, Y_arr, &dX_arr);
}
}
dY_ptr += Y_stride;
X_ptr += X_stride;
Y_ptr += Y_stride;
dX_ptr += X_stride;
}
}
template <typename T, StorageOrder kOrder>
void RunMaxPoolGradient3D(
const int N,
const int C,
const int X_D,
const int X_H,
const int X_W,
const int Y_D,
const int Y_H,
const int Y_W,
const int kernel_d,
const int kernel_h,
const int kernel_w,
const int stride_d,
const int stride_h,
const int stride_w,
const int pad_p,
const int pad_t,
const int pad_l,
const T* dY,
const T* X,
const T* Y,
T* dX) {
const int batch_size = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW ? N * C : N;
const int X_HxW = X_D * X_H * X_W;
const int Y_HxW = Y_D * Y_H * Y_W;
const int X_stride = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW ? X_HxW : X_HxW * C;
const int Y_stride = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW ? Y_HxW : Y_HxW * C;
std::memset(dX, 0, sizeof(T) * N * C * X_HxW);
const T* dY_ptr = dY;
const T* X_ptr = X;
const T* Y_ptr = Y;
T* dX_ptr = dX;
for (int i = 0; i < batch_size; ++i) {
ConstEigenArrayMap<T> dY_arr = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW
? ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(dY_ptr, Y_W, Y_D * Y_H)
: ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(dY_ptr, C, Y_HxW);
ConstEigenArrayMap<T> X_arr = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW
? ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(X_ptr, X_W, X_D * X_H)
: ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(X_ptr, C, X_HxW);
ConstEigenArrayMap<T> Y_arr = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW
? ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(Y_ptr, Y_W, Y_D * Y_H)
: ConstEigenArrayMap<T>(Y_ptr, C, Y_HxW);
EigenArrayMap<T> dX_arr = kOrder == StorageOrder::NCHW
? EigenArrayMap<T>(dX_ptr, X_W, X_D * X_H)
: EigenArrayMap<T>(dX_ptr, C, X_HxW);
for (int d = 0; d < Y_D; ++d) {
const int p = std::max(d * stride_d - pad_p, 0);
const int a = std::min(d * stride_d - pad_p + kernel_d, X_D);
for (int h = 0; h < Y_H; ++h) {
const int t = std::max(h * stride_h - pad_t, 0);
const int b = std::min(h * stride_h - pad_t + kernel_h, X_H);
for (int w = 0; w < Y_W; ++w) {
const int l = std::max(w * stride_w - pad_l, 0);
const int r = std::min(w * stride_w - pad_l + kernel_w, X_W);
const int y = d * Y_H * Y_W + h * Y_W + w;
ComputeMaxPoolGradient3D<T, kOrder>(
X_H, X_W, p, a, t, b, l, r, y, dY_arr, X_arr, Y_arr, &dX_arr);
}
}
}
dY_ptr += Y_stride;
X_ptr += X_stride;
Y_ptr += Y_stride;
dX_ptr += X_stride;
}
}
} // namespace
template <>
template <>
bool AveragePoolFunctor<CPUContext>::
GlobalPoolingBackward<float, StorageOrder::NCHW>(
const int N,
const int C,
const int HxW,
const float* dY,
const float* /* X */,
const float* /* Y */,
float* dX,
CPUContext* /* context */) const {
const int NxC = N * C;
EigenArrayMap<float> dX_arr(dX, HxW, NxC);
const float scale = 1.0f / static_cast<float>(HxW);
for (int i = 0; i < NxC; ++i) {
dX_arr.col(i).setConstant(dY[i] * scale);
}
return true;
}
template <>
template <>
bool AveragePoolFunctor<CPUContext>::
GlobalPoolingBackward<float, StorageOrder::NHWC>(
const int N,
const int C,
const int HxW,
const float* dY,
const float* /* X */,
const float* /* Y */,
float* dX,
CPUContext* /* context */) const {
ConstEigenArrayMap<float> dY_arr(dY, C, N);
const float scale = 1.0f / static_cast<float>(HxW);
for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
EigenArrayMap<float>(dX + i * HxW * C, C, HxW).colwise() =
dY_arr.col(i) * scale;
}
return true;
}
template <>
template <typename T, StorageOrder kOrder>
bool AveragePoolFunctor<CPUContext>::Backward(
const int N,
const int C,
const std::vector<int>& X_dims,
const std::vector<int>& Y_dims,
const std::vector<int>& kernel,
const std::vector<int>& /* dilation */,
const std::vector<int>& stride,
const std::vector<int>& pads,
const T* dY,
const T* /* X */,
const T* /* Y */,
T* dX,
CPUContext* /* context */) const {
const int ndim = X_dims.size();
switch (ndim) {
case 1: {
RunAveragePoolGradient1D<T, kOrder>(
N,
C,
X_dims[0],
Y_dims[0],
kernel[0],
stride[0],
pads[0],
count_include_pad,
dY,
dX);
return true;
}
case 2: {
RunAveragePoolGradient2D<T, kOrder>(
N,
C,
X_dims[0],
X_dims[1],
Y_dims[0],
Y_dims[1],
kernel[0],
kernel[1],
stride[0],
stride[1],
pads[0],
pads[1],
count_include_pad,
dY,
dX);
return true;
}
case 3: {
RunAveragePoolGradient3D<T, kOrder>(
N,
C,
X_dims[0],
X_dims[1],
X_dims[2],
Y_dims[0],
Y_dims[1],
Y_dims[2],
kernel[0],
kernel[1],
kernel[2],
stride[0],
stride[1],
stride[2],
pads[0],
pads[1],
pads[2],
count_include_pad,
dY,
dX);
return true;
}
default: {
CAFFE_THROW("Unsupported pooling dim: ", ndim);
return false;
}
}
}
template <>
template <>
bool MaxPoolFunctor<CPUContext>::
GlobalPoolingBackward<float, StorageOrder::NCHW>(
const int N,
const int C,
const int HxW,
const float* dY,
const float* X,
const float* Y,
float* dX,
CPUContext* /* context */) const {
const int NxC = N * C;
ConstEigenArrayMap<float> X_arr(X, HxW, NxC);
EigenArrayMap<float> dX_arr(dX, HxW, NxC);
for (int i = 0; i < NxC; ++i) {
dX_arr.col(i) = (X_arr.col(i) == Y[i]).template cast<float>() * dY[i];
}
return true;
}
template <>
template <>
bool MaxPoolFunctor<CPUContext>::
GlobalPoolingBackward<float, StorageOrder::NHWC>(
const int N,
const int C,
const int HxW,
const float* dY,
const float* X,
const float* Y,
float* dX,
CPUContext* /* context */) const {
ConstEigenArrayMap<float> Y_arr(Y, C, N);
ConstEigenArrayMap<float> dY_arr(dY, C, N);
for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
ConstEigenArrayMap<float> X_arr(X + i * HxW * C, C, HxW);
EigenArrayMap<float> dX_arr(dX + i * HxW * C, C, HxW);
for (int j = 0; j < HxW; ++j) {
dX_arr.col(j) =
(X_arr.col(j) == Y_arr.col(i)).template cast<float>() * dY_arr.col(i);
}
}
return true;
}
template <>
template <typename T, StorageOrder kOrder>
bool MaxPoolFunctor<CPUContext>::Backward(
const int N,
const int C,
const std::vector<int>& X_dims,
const std::vector<int>& Y_dims,
const std::vector<int>& kernel,
const std::vector<int>& /* dilation */,
const std::vector<int>& stride,
const std::vector<int>& pads,
const T* dY,
const T* X,
const T* Y,
T* dX,
CPUContext* /* context */) const {
const int ndim = X_dims.size();
switch (ndim) {
case 1: {
RunMaxPoolGradient1D<T, kOrder>(
N,
C,
X_dims[0],
Y_dims[0],
kernel[0],
stride[0],
pads[0],
dY,
X,
Y,
dX);
return true;
}
case 2: {
RunMaxPoolGradient2D<T, kOrder>(
N,
C,
X_dims[0],
X_dims[1],
Y_dims[0],
Y_dims[1],
kernel[0],
kernel[1],
stride[0],
stride[1],
pads[0],
pads[1],
dY,
X,
Y,
dX);
return true;
}
case 3: {
RunMaxPoolGradient3D<T, kOrder>(
N,
C,
X_dims[0],
X_dims[1],
X_dims[2],
Y_dims[0],
Y_dims[1],
Y_dims[2],
kernel[0],
kernel[1],
kernel[2],
stride[0],
stride[1],
stride[2],
pads[0],
pads[1],
pads[2],
dY,
X,
Y,
dX);
return true;
}
default: {
CAFFE_THROW("Unsupported pooling dim: ", ndim);
return false;
}
}
}
REGISTER_CPU_OPERATOR(
AveragePoolGradient,
PoolGradientOp<float, CPUContext, AveragePoolFunctor<CPUContext>>);
OPERATOR_SCHEMA(AveragePoolGradient).NumInputs(3).NumOutputs(1);
REGISTER_CPU_OPERATOR(
AveragePool1DGradient,
PoolGradientOp<float, CPUContext, AveragePoolFunctor<CPUContext>>);
OPERATOR_SCHEMA(AveragePool1DGradient).NumInputs(3).NumOutputs(1);
REGISTER_CPU_OPERATOR(
AveragePool2DGradient,
PoolGradientOp<float, CPUContext, AveragePoolFunctor<CPUContext>>);
OPERATOR_SCHEMA(AveragePool2DGradient).NumInputs(3).NumOutputs(1);
REGISTER_CPU_OPERATOR(
AveragePool3DGradient,
PoolGradientOp<float, CPUContext, AveragePoolFunctor<CPUContext>>);
OPERATOR_SCHEMA(AveragePool3DGradient).NumInputs(3).NumOutputs(1);
REGISTER_CPU_OPERATOR(
MaxPoolGradient,
PoolGradientOp<float, CPUContext, MaxPoolFunctor<CPUContext>>);
OPERATOR_SCHEMA(MaxPoolGradient).NumInputs(3).NumOutputs(1);
REGISTER_CPU_OPERATOR(
MaxPool1DGradient,
PoolGradientOp<float, CPUContext, MaxPoolFunctor<CPUContext>>);
OPERATOR_SCHEMA(MaxPool1DGradient).NumInputs(3).NumOutputs(1);
REGISTER_CPU_OPERATOR(
MaxPool2DGradient,
PoolGradientOp<float, CPUContext, MaxPoolFunctor<CPUContext>>);
OPERATOR_SCHEMA(MaxPool2DGradient).NumInputs(3).NumOutputs(1);
REGISTER_CPU_OPERATOR(
MaxPool3DGradient,
PoolGradientOp<float, CPUContext, MaxPoolFunctor<CPUContext>>);
OPERATOR_SCHEMA(MaxPool3DGradient).NumInputs(3).NumOutputs(1);
namespace {
class GetPoolGradient : public GradientMakerBase {
using GradientMakerBase::GradientMakerBase;
std::vector<OperatorDef> GetGradientDefs() override {
return SingleGradientDef(
def_.type() + "Gradient",
"",
std::vector<std::string>{I(0), O(0), GO(0)},
std::vector<std::string>{GI(0)});
}
};
} // namespace
REGISTER_GRADIENT(AveragePool, GetPoolGradient);
REGISTER_GRADIENT(AveragePool1D, GetPoolGradient);
REGISTER_GRADIENT(AveragePool2D, GetPoolGradient);
REGISTER_GRADIENT(AveragePool3D, GetPoolGradient);
REGISTER_GRADIENT(MaxPool, GetPoolGradient);
REGISTER_GRADIENT(MaxPool1D, GetPoolGradient);
REGISTER_GRADIENT(MaxPool2D, GetPoolGradient);
REGISTER_GRADIENT(MaxPool3D, GetPoolGradient);
} // namespace caffe2
|
Occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes in culturable bacteria isolated from Turkish trout farms and their local aquatic environment.
Antibiotic resistance and presence of the resistance genes were investigated in the bacteria isolated from water, sediment, and fish in trout farms. A total of 9 bacterial species, particularly Escherichia coli, were isolated from the water and sediment samples, and 12 species were isolated from fish. The antimicrobial test indicated the highest resistance against sulfamethoxazole and ampicillin in coliform bacteria, and against sulfamethoxazole, imipenem, and aztreonam in known pathogenic bacteria isolated from fish. The most effective antibiotics were rifampicin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline. The multiple antibiotic resistance index was above the critical limit for almost all of the bacteria isolated. The most common antibiotic resistance gene was ampC, followed by tetA, sul2, blaCTX-M1, and blaTEM in the coliform bacteria. At least one resistance gene was found in 70.8% of the bacteria, and 66.6% of the bacteria had 2 or more resistance genes. Approximately 36.54% of the bacteria that contain plasmids were able to transfer them to other bacteria. The plasmid-mediated transferable resistance genes were ampC, blaCTX-M1, tetA, sul2, and blaTEM. These results indicate that the aquatic environment could play an important role in the development of antibiotic resistance and the dissemination of resistance genes among bacteria. |
// Copyright 2018 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
const fn = (c) => {
let d = [1, 2], x = [3, 4],
e = null,
f = null;
0 < c.getIn(['a']) ? [e, f] = d : [e, f] = x;
return [e, f];
};
assertEquals([3, 4], fn({ getIn(x) { return false; } }));
assertEquals([1, 2], fn({ getIn(x) { return true; } }));
|
package com.thomsonreuters.upa.codec;
/**
* <p>
* UPA Quality of Service class contains information rate and/or timeliness
* information. Timeliness conveys information about the age of data. Rate
* conveys information about the data's period of change. Some timeliness or
* rate values may allow for additional time or rate information to be provided.
*
* A consumer can use {@link RequestMsg} to indicate the desired QoS for its
* streams. This can be a request for a specific QoS or a range of qualities of
* service, where any value within the range will satisfy the request. The
* {@link RefreshMsg} includes QoS used to indicate the QoS being provided for a
* stream. When issuing a request, the QoS specified on the request typically
* matches the advertised QoS of the service, as conveyed via the Source
* Directory domain model.
*
* <ul>
* <li>
* An initial request containing only {@link RequestMsg#qos()} indicates a
* request for the specified QoS. If a provider cannot satisfy this QoS, the
* request should be rejected.</li>
* <li>An initial request containing both {@link RequestMsg#qos()} and
* {@link RequestMsg#worstQos()} sets the range of acceptable QoSs.</li>
* </ul>
* <p>
* Any QoS within the range, inclusive of the specified qos and worstQos, will
* satisfy the request. If a provider cannot provide a QoS within the range, the
* provider should reject the request. When a provider responds to an initial
* request, the {@link RefreshMsg#qos()} should contain the actual QoS being
* provided to the stream. Subsequent requests should not specify a range as the
* QoS has been established for the stream. Because QoS information is mostly
* optional on a {@link RequestMsg} (Some components may require qos on initial
* request and reissue messages):
*
* <ul>
* <li>If neither qos nor worstQos are specified on an initial request to open a
* stream, it is assumed that any QoS will satisfy the request. Additionally, it
* will have a timeliness of {@link QosTimeliness#REALTIME} and a rate of
* {@link QosRates#TICK_BY_TICK}</li>
* <li>If QoS information is absent on a subsequent reissue request, it is
* assumed that QoS, timeliness, and rate conform to the stream's currently
* established settings</li>
* </ul>.
*
* @see QosRates
* @see QosTimeliness
*/
public interface Qos
{
/**
* Clears {@link Qos}. Useful for object reuse.
*/
void clear();
/**
* Is Qos blank.
*
* @return true, if is blank
*/
public boolean isBlank();
/**
* This method will perform a deep copy into the passed in parameter's
* members from the Object calling this method.
*
* @param destQos the value getting populated with the values of the calling Object
*
* @return {@link CodecReturnCodes#SUCCESS} on success,
* {@link CodecReturnCodes#INVALID_ARGUMENT} if the destQos is null.
*/
public int copy(Qos destQos);
/**
* Used to encode Qos into a buffer.
*
* @param iter {@link EncodeIterator} with buffer to encode into. Iterator
* should also have appropriate version information set.
*
* @return {@link CodecReturnCodes}
*
* @see EncodeIterator
*/
public int encode(EncodeIterator iter);
/**
* Decode Qos.
*
* @param iter {@link DecodeIterator} with buffer to decode from and
* appropriate version information set
*
* @return {@link CodecReturnCodes} . {@link CodecReturnCodes#SUCCESS} if
* success, {@link CodecReturnCodes#INCOMPLETE_DATA} if failure,
* {@link CodecReturnCodes#BLANK_DATA} if data is blank value.
*
* @see DecodeIterator
*/
public int decode(DecodeIterator iter);
/**
* Provide string representation for a {@link Qos} value.
*
* @return string representation for a {@link Qos} value
*/
public String toString();
/**
* Checks if the two Qos values are equal.
*
* @param thatQos the other Qos to compare to this one
*
* @return true if the two Qos values are equal, false otherwise
*/
public boolean equals(Qos thatQos);
/**
* Checks if Qos is better than another Qos.
*
* @param thatQos the other Qos to compare to this one
*
* @return true if Qos is better, false otherwise
*/
public boolean isBetter(Qos thatQos);
/**
* Checks if Qos is in the range of best and worse.
*
* @param bestQos the best Qos to compare to this one
* @param worstQos the worst Qos to compare to this one
*
* @return true if Qos is in range, false otherwise
*/
public boolean isInRange(Qos bestQos, Qos worstQos);
/**
* Information timeliness enum, from {@link QosTimeliness}. Used to convey
* information about the age of the data. Must be in the range of 0 - 7.
*
* @param timeliness the timeliness to set
*
* @return {@link CodecReturnCodes#SUCCESS} on success,
* {@link CodecReturnCodes#INVALID_ARGUMENT} if timeliness is invalid.
*/
public int timeliness(int timeliness);
/**
* Information timeliness enum, from {@link QosTimeliness}. Used to convey
* information about the age of the data.
*
* @return the timeliness
*/
public int timeliness();
/**
* Information rate enum, from {@link QosRates}. Used to convey information
* about the data's period of change. Must be in the range of 0 - 15.
*
* @param rate the rate to set
*
* @return {@link CodecReturnCodes#SUCCESS} on success,
* {@link CodecReturnCodes#INVALID_ARGUMENT} if rate is invalid.
*/
public int rate(int rate);
/**
* Information rate enum, from {@link QosRates}. Used to convey information
* about the data's period of change.
*
* @return the rate
*/
public int rate();
/**
* If true, Qos is dynamic. Used to describe the changeability of the
* quality of service, typically over the life of a data stream.
*
* @param dynamic the dynamic to set
*/
public void dynamic(boolean dynamic);
/**
* If true, Qos is dynamic. Used to describe the changeability of the
* quality of service, typically over the life of a data stream.
*
* @return the dynamic
*/
public boolean isDynamic();
/**
* Specific timeliness information. Only present when timeliness is set to
* {@link QosTimeliness#DELAYED}. Must be in the range of 0 - 65535.
*
* @param timeInfo the timeInfo to set
*
* @return {@link CodecReturnCodes#SUCCESS} on success,
* {@link CodecReturnCodes#INVALID_ARGUMENT} if timeInfo is invalid.
*/
public int timeInfo(int timeInfo);
/**
* Specific timeliness information. Only present when timeliness is set to
* {@link QosTimeliness#DELAYED}.
*
* @return the timeInfo
*/
public int timeInfo();
/**
* Specific rate information in milliseconds. Only present when rate is set
* to {@link QosRates#TIME_CONFLATED}. Must be in the range of 0 - 65535.
*
* @param rateInfo the rateInfo to set
*
* @return {@link CodecReturnCodes#SUCCESS} on success,
* {@link CodecReturnCodes#INVALID_ARGUMENT} if rateInfo is invalid.
*/
public int rateInfo(int rateInfo);
/**
* Specific rate information in milliseconds. Only present when rate is set
* to {@link QosRates#TIME_CONFLATED}.
*
* @return the rateInfo
*/
public int rateInfo();
}
|
Please help share this video with other channels and any blogs that deal with freedom of speech and the right to privacy. My next video will be up in about a week so please subscribe so you will know when it is uploaded. Thanks again for all your support.
Here is more information you may want to read:
As an interesting aside, CBS announced that YouTube has not harmed them at all and has actually increased their viewership making this lawsuit even more outrageous.
"Analysts have long been saying that YouTube is a gift for the TV networks: now we have the stats to prove it. CBS announced today that viewers are flocking to their TV shows after seeing the clips on YouTube. "Letterman" has gained 5 percent (or 200,000 new viewers), while "The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson" is up 7 percent (or 100,000 viewers) since the CBS YouTube channel debuted a month ago. They've uploaded 300 clips so far, which have averaged 857,000 views per day in total - that's 29.2 million views on YouTube this month. It's also worth noting that YouTube takes that content to millions of viewers outside of the US who can't access CBS normally - if we could measure the channel's global influence and recognition, I'm sure that will have increased dramatically. CBS has three of the top 25 Most Viewed videos this month, and they have 9 of the Most Viewed videos today (let's hope they're not gaming YouTube!). What's more, they've got nearly 22,000 subscribers."
In an Adage article, CBS CEO David Poltrack state: "When you have something the public really wants, the economic value in that is to come up with a way to satisfy the rights holders and serve the consumers." That's a lesson that some media companies have been slow to learn."
He also said " YouTube has yet to do anything to adversely affect his network's programming." |
W HEN GREG HANDS , the Conservative MP for Chelsea and Fulham, stood in the general election of 2017, he had only a dozen Tory disciples helping him deliver leaflets. Back then the Conservatives were focused on scooping up the votes of northern Leavers, rather than worrying about stucco-fronted houses in central London. “There was a bit of complacency,” he admits. His majority halved in a bruising night for the Tories across the capital, where they lost four seats to Labour. This time Mr Hands has about 100 volunteers at his disposal, spreading the Tory gospel.
The Conservatives are determinedly clinging on in London. A couple of months ago the consensus was that the Tories’ full-throated enthusiasm for Brexit would result in the party being hammered in the Remain-backing capital, making the path to a majority tricky. Yet there is little evidence of this happening. YouGov has the Conservatives on 30% in London, roughly where they were in 2017, while Labour has dipped to 47%, down from 55% at the last vote.
There are three reasons the Tory vote is holding up. For starters, the Conservatives have a low bar to clear. Their performance in London in 2017 was the fourth-worst since 1955. By contrast Labour enjoyed its best-ever night. And so whereas it needs to repeat a record-breaking performance, the Tories simply need to avoid falling on their face again. So far, they are managing it.
Second, the Conservatives’ most vulnerable seats have become bitter three-ways. In Kensington, where seven out of ten voters backed Remain, contradictory urges rub against each other. On paper it is a straight marginal between Labour, which won by 20 votes in 2017, and the Tories. Yet in a constituency where the average home costs £1.5m ($2m), fear of Jeremy Corbyn’s plans to tax the rich is rife. Smelling an opportunity, the Liberal Democrats are attempting to squeeze through the middle, placing Sam Gyimah, a high-profile Tory defector, in the seat. Local polls suggest they are splitting the Remainer vote down the middle.
A third factor is that the capital may not be as hostile to the Conservatives as many assume. Tory strategists used to regard London the same way Soviet generals thought about Afghanistan. It is a difficult environment for the party, filled with people whom the Conservatives increasingly struggle to reach: the young, graduates and ethnic minorities. Inner-London seats voted overwhelmingly for Remain. Yet it is also the richest part of the country and stuffed with voters who end up with more in their wallets if they vote Tory. Once this stage of Brexit is over, the Tories’ path is clearer still.
Relentless optimism is the modus operandi of Labour activists in the capital. Mr Hands may be able to call on 100 pairs of helping hands, but Labour recently mustered several times as many during an event in Chingford and Woodford Green, where it has launched a noisy attempt to knock out Iain Duncan Smith, a Conservative Brexiteer. Swarms of activists may swing some surprising seats. Zac Goldsmith, who lost his seat in 2016 after a self-imposed by-election before regaining it in 2017, is likely to complete his political hokey-cokey and be voted out again. But most Conservative candidates will start sweating only if the local Remain vote shows signs of coalescing around a single candidate. Until then, the predicted Tory collapse in the capital is some way off. ■
Dig deeper:
Our latest coverage of Britain’s election |
A Contra Costa County sheriff's deputy who is accused of having "unlawful sex" with inmates in Richmond is out on bail after being arrested Wednesday afternoon, the Sheriff's Office said.
Office of the Sheriff received allegations on Tuesday about Contra Costa Deputy Sheriff Patrick Morseman, 26, having unlawful sexual acts with two female inmates at the West County Detention Facility, according to the Sheriff's Office.
"Within 24 hours of learning of the allegations, we had interviewed the victims, collected and analyzed physical evidence, obtained search warrants, located the suspect and made the arrest," Sheriff David Livingston said in a statement.
Morseman was booked at the county jail for "engaging in sexual activity with a consenting adult in a detention facility," the Sheriff's statement said.
"We are now moving forward with termination of employment and providing assistance services to the victims," Livingston continued.
It also appears there was an exchange of funds between Morseman and the two inmates "where money was placed into their accounts," said Jimmy Lee from the Contra Costa County Sheriff’s Department. "What he did was inexcusable and criminal, and he will be held accountable."
Neighbors of Morseman are stunned at the allegations, some don’t believe it.
"Patrick's just a great kid he's always been a great kid," said neighbor Ruth Hook. "There's no indication at all that he'd do anything remotely close to something like that."
The investigation is ongoing and the case will be presented to the District Attorney's Office before formal charges are filed. |
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Mediates Links Between Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms and Both Aggressive and Violent Behavior.
Although emotion dysregulation (ED) is a core symptom of borderline personality disorder (BPD), tests of associations between ED and aggression and violence-which are common to BPD-are sparse. The authors evaluated mediating effects of an autonomic vulnerability to ED on links between BPD symptoms and (a) reactive aggression, (b) proactive aggression, and (c) histories of interpersonal violence in a sample of young adults (N = 104), ages 18-22 years. Low baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) mediated the association between BPD symptoms and reactive aggression. In contrast, although BPD symptoms were correlated with proactive aggression, no mediational effect was found. In addition, low RSA mediated the association between BPD symptoms and histories of interpersonal violence. Collectively, these findings add evidence that neurobiological vulnerability to ED contributes to aggressive and violent behavior among those with BPD. |
Version 3.1.10
==============
Released: April 04, 2019
Changes
-------
Test improvements
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
A number of test improvements were backported from the development branch. These
include a mixin to assign random primary keys to the test objects. Normally
primary keys are sequential and their predictability can hide edge cases that
would normally only manifest in production. The tests case code was also split
into smaller mixin units separating them by purpose. All code to perform HTTP
requests now resides in the ``ClientMethodsTestCaseMixin``. Changes in the
``ContentTypeCheckTestCaseMixin`` were added to enable this mixin for the API views
in a future minor version. The test view code was moved into its own mixin
called ``TestViewTestCaseMixin``. This mixin allows creating dynamic views to test
object and link resolution among other things. The API base test case class is
now part of the same class hierarchy, this means that the API test code will
now behave the same and will benefit from all improvements in the base test case
classes. Some indexing tests were failing randomly. This was caused by the way
the test were built and not because of faulty code. The tests were updated and
now operate as expected. While there is no official support for installing
Mayan EDMS as a sub URL updates to the ``TestViewTestCaseMixin`` will allow it to
execute with custom ``ROOT_URLCONF`` configurations. Further work and feedback is
needed to officially support this installation method.
Fixes
^^^^^
The advanced search API endpoint was fixed and is now usable. Tests for all
the issues fixed were added to avoid future regressions. A fix was applied
to the compressed class that caused compressed files uploads to fail from the
web form.
Docker
^^^^^^
Updates were added to the Docker image that allow it to build on armv7l
platforms like the RasperryPi, Odroid XU4, and Odroid HC2. This doesn't imply
official support for these platforms. Further experimentation and optimization
is needed and this changed will now allow users to build the image and provide
feedback in an easier manner.
Installation
^^^^^^^^^^^^
The installation process has been updated to work around the Python pip
issue #6197 (https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/6197).
User interface
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Improvements in the AJAX menu rendering were conflicting with an old method
of refreshing the unread notification counter badge. This conflict would cause
the unread notification counter badge to blink and/or disappear. The older
badge refresh method was removed and improvements to the menu rendering from
the development branch were backported to support displaying link badges from
the templates completing fixing the issue. An API entrypoint was also backported
showing a list of all the server side AJAX templates. This change doesn't affect
the API layout and it remains compatible with the previous version. Newlines
are now explicitly removed from the rendered AJAX templates avoiding rendering
issues on some browsers.
Emails
^^^^^^
An update was added to will now cause Mayan EDMS to reject all email attachments
with a size 0 even if the attachment is valid. Documents of size 0 are not
consideref valid in Mayan EDMS since they can't be introspected for MIME type,
don't contain at least one version, and don't contain a single page. All these
are requirements for a valid document in Mayan EDMS.
Memory usage
^^^^^^^^^^^^
The ``MIMETYPE_FILE_READ_SIZE`` setting was added to limit the number of bytes that
will be read into memory to determine the MIME type of a new document. For
compatibility with the current bevahor this setting defaults to 0 which means
that it is disabled. Disabling the setting will cause the entire document's
file to be loaded into memory. If documents are not processing due to out of
memory errors (large documents or devices with limited memory), set
``MIMETYPE_FILE_READ_SIZE`` to a value other than 0. Limited tests suggest 1024
to be a good alternative as most "magic numbers" used for MIME type detection
are located at the start of the file and just reading the first 1024 bytes will
result in a positive identification with little memory usage.
Other changes
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
* Add missing document index API view create permission.
* Fix index list API view. Add index create, delete, detail API tests.
* Add support for skipping a default set of tests. Tests to be excluded
by default should be tagged as 'exclude'.
Removals
--------
* None
Upgrading from a previous version
---------------------------------
If installed via Python's PIP
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Remove deprecated requirements::
$ curl https://gitlab.com/mayan-edms/mayan-edms/raw/master/removals.txt | pip uninstall -r /dev/stdin
Type in the console::
$ pip install mayan-edms==3.1.10
the requirements will also be updated automatically.
Using Git
^^^^^^^^^
If you installed Mayan EDMS by cloning the Git repository issue the commands::
$ git reset --hard HEAD
$ git pull
otherwise download the compressed archived and uncompress it overriding the
existing installation.
Remove deprecated requirements::
$ pip uninstall -y -r removals.txt
Next upgrade/add the new requirements::
$ pip install --upgrade -r requirements.txt
Common steps
^^^^^^^^^^^^
Perform these steps after updating the code from either step above.
Migrate existing database schema with::
$ mayan-edms.py performupgrade
Add new static media::
$ mayan-edms.py collectstatic --noinput
The upgrade procedure is now complete.
Backward incompatible changes
-----------------------------
* None
Bugs fixed or issues closed
---------------------------
* :gitlab-issue:`557` Break workflows with invalid input
* :gitlab-issue:`559` IndexTestCase.test_dual_level_dual_document_index failure
* :gitlab-issue:`562` events.links.link_user_notifications_list should use
reverse
* :gitlab-issue:`564` API REST /api/indexes/ generates an "Internal Server Error"
* :gitlab-issue:`566` apps.common.tests.base.GenericViewTestCase doesn't work
with a custom ROOT_URLCONF
* :gitlab-issue:`568` Tornado 6.0 doesn't support Python 2.7
* :gitlab-issue:`572` Error when sending compressed files: ziparchive object
has no attribute children
* :gitlab-issue:`574` import of E-Mails with empty attachment fails
* :gitlab-issue:`576` Exception with access check for cabinets containing
NON-ASCII chars
.. _PyPI: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/mayan-edms/
|
News Archives
Black Law Student Association (BLSA) Holds Annual February Gala
February 23, 2017
The CUNY School of Law Black Law Students Association (BLSA) held its annual fundraising gala on February 17 at the Vista Sky Lounge & Penthouse in Long Island City. Tickets to the gala were sold-out for a second year in a row and ticket sales alone, raised more than $6,000. Funds raised will provide financial assistance to students engaging in unpaid public interest internships that serve communities of color, particularly black communities.
“It is such an honor to be honored by Black Law Students Association” Warren said, “because I – like many black people going into law school – was plagued with doubts about whether I can do it. And once I figured out that I may be able to do it I asked ‘do I belong here?’ And once I figured out that I belong in the community I then had to negotiate my blackness…my everything with the law community. It’s what we do. So, it means so much at this point in my career to have Black Law Students Association – a group that I was involved in back when I was in law school – honor me.”
“We want to take this time to say a big ‘thank you’ to everyone who was able to celebrate with us… We feel very privileged and honored to have been part of such an amazing event and sincerely appreciate your continued support,” BLSA members said in a post event statement. |
<div class="panel panel-default">
<div class="panel-heading"><?php echo $heading_title; ?></div>
<div class="list-group">
<?php foreach ($filter_groups as $filter_group) { ?>
<a class="list-group-item"><?php echo $filter_group['name']; ?></a>
<div class="list-group-item">
<div id="filter-group<?php echo $filter_group['filter_group_id']; ?>">
<?php foreach ($filter_group['filter'] as $filter) { ?>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<?php if (in_array($filter['filter_id'], $filter_category)) { ?>
<input type="checkbox" name="filter[]" value="<?php echo $filter['filter_id']; ?>" checked="checked" />
<?php echo $filter['name']; ?>
<?php } else { ?>
<input type="checkbox" name="filter[]" value="<?php echo $filter['filter_id']; ?>" />
<?php echo $filter['name']; ?>
<?php } ?>
</label>
</div>
<?php } ?>
</div>
</div>
<?php } ?>
</div>
<div class="panel-footer text-right">
<button type="button" id="button-filter" class="btn btn-primary"><?php echo $button_filter; ?></button>
</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript"><!--
$('#button-filter').on('click', function() {
filter = [];
$('input[name^=\'filter\']:checked').each(function(element) {
filter.push(this.value);
});
location = '<?php echo $action; ?>&filter=' + filter.join(',');
});
//--></script>
|
This invention relates to a method for processing photographic material. In particular, the invention relates to a method of processing which uses a low volume of processing solution.
Conventional processing of photographic material requires the use of large tanks of processing solutions. Each tank contains a processing solution such as developer, bleach, fixing solution or washing solution. The material is transported through each tank in turn, typically in a sinusoidal manner. There is a tendency for the solutions to carry over from one tank to another leading to pollution of the solutions. Conventional processing has several other drawbacks. The temperatures which can be utilised are limited and therefore the process is slow. The composition of the solutions must be stable over long time periods in the processing tanks. Replenishment of the solutions is difficult to control. The processing apparatus is also very large due to the number of processing tanks.
An alternative process uses a single tank which is filled with the first processing solution, emptied, filled with a second processing solution and so on until the process is completed. Again, this process uses relatively large volumes of processing solution and contamination of one solution by another needs to be carefully avoided.
To overcome the problems of conventional deep tank processing surface application of the processing chemicals was developed. In previous surface application methods a volume of solution is applied to the surface of the material being processed. However, previous surface application methods have several drawbacks. If the solution applied to the material is just left on the material in a static condition the processing will be very slow and inefficient because there is no agitation and by-products accumulate in the material layers and slow down processing. This method is also prone to non-uniformity of processing.
It is also known to process a photographic material within a rotary tube. The material to be processed is placed emulsion side facing inwards within the tube. Solution is added and the tube rotated. Large volumes of processing solution (750 ml/m2 and upwards) will process the material effectively so long as rotation is not so fast as to cause dispersion of the solution puddle. Rapid rotation of the device is however very desirable to quickly and evenly distribute a given small volume of solution over the whole surface of the material so that processing is uniform from one end to the other. If the rotation is too slow there will be seasoning of the small volume of solution by the front end of the material and processing will be different at the back end of the material. Small volumes of processing solution (540 ml/m2 or less) do not properly process film or paper because when the device is rotated, even at low speeds of rotation, the solution puddle is dispersed and spread over the whole surface of the material. Consequently there is no agitation. This leads to several processing defects. Processing is streaky, non-uniform and also slow because of local consumption and the accumulation of by-products. There is no surface mixing and chemical economy is therefore low.
In color negative film processing carried out in small continuous processors or xe2x80x9cminilabsxe2x80x9d the film passes through each stage of the process and from one tank of processing solution to the next tank of processing solution in a sinusoidal manner. The C-41RA process has the following process cycle and replenishment volumes, see Z-131 Manual xe2x80x9cUsing Kodak Flexicolor Chemicalsxe2x80x9d:
Another process which uses even smaller volumes to replenish uses the Kodak Flexicolor SM Chemicals, see Manual Z-101, xe2x80x9cUsing Kodak SM Chemcials in SM Minilabsxe2x80x9d.
where ml/linear meter refers to ml/linear meter of 35 mm film. These volumes are representative of the smallest volumes needed to process film in existing commercial processors. The processing tanks used in a xe2x80x9cminilabxe2x80x9d processor are usually within the range of 3 to 20 liters volume for each tank depending on the individual design. In Process C-41SM the developer stage has one tank, the bleach stage has one tank, the fixer stage consists of two tanks and the stabiliser stage consists of three tanks. This gives the total number of tanks as seven. It can be seen that each processing solution is in at least one separate tank and the film passes sequentially through these tanks.
Contamination of a given tank of processing solution by carry-over from a previous tank of processing solution is inevitable in a conventional processor. It is usual practice to minimise contamination due to carry-over by providing squeegee rollers before the cross over. Accidental contamination of one processing solution will sometimes occur by splashing or careless filling of a processor. Contamination of the developer solution by fixer solution or bleach solution must be avoided since otherwise the performance and stability of the developer solution will be seriously reduced even to the point of being unacceptable. In the conventional processing method it is possible to generate unacceptable colored stains if the developer solution is contaminated with bleach or fix solution. Such unacceptable colored stains can arise from quite moderate amounts of contamination. For example, a few ml of fixer solution per liter of developer solution can increase the stain level so that the process is unacceptable.
It is an aim of the invention to reduce the total volume of processing solutions used to process a photographic material.
The invention provides a method for processing a silver halide photographic material comprising the steps of loading the material into a chamber adapted to hold the material therein, introducing a metered amount of a first processing solution into the chamber, processing the photographic material with the first processing solution, introducing a metered amount of a second processing solution which is other than a second part of the first processing solution into the chamber without removing the first processing solution so that at least part of the whole volume of the second processing solution is provided by the first processing solution and processing the photographic material with the second processing solution, the whole volume of solution for each processing stage being spread over the whole area of the photographic material in a repetitive manner to enable uniform processing.
By making use of the volume of a preceding solution to conserve the total volume of processing solutions used, the total volume of processing solutions used to process a photographic material is very low. A first processing solution having a volume similar to the standard replenishment volume may be used to process a photographic material in a small volume single use processor. Under normal circumstances, the volume remaining after the first stage of such a single use process would be discarded. In the present invention, this volume is left in the tank and a concentrated solution of the next processing solution is added to it in order to convert it into the second processing solution. The second processing solution may then be converted into a third processing solution by the addition of another concentrated solution again without removal of the second processing solution, and so on until the wash stage is reached. |
Q:
Assuming that GetDC(hWnd) is called as the first instruction on WM_CREATE, for window hWnd, is it possible for GetDC() to return NULL?
Assuming that GetDC(hWnd) is called as the first instruction on WM_CREATE, for window hWnd, is it possible for GetDC() to return NULL?
I am concerned about the possibility of GetDC() failing due to lack of resources. When that happens should I check for errors? And what should I do if the call fails? Do the Win32 API function raise exceptions or should I raise exceptions?
A:
GetDC() can indeed fail, no matter when or where you call it. You ought to take a rather pessimistic view when dealing with the API and be prepared for any API function to fail. As you suggest, one possible reason for failure is exhaustion of system resources, e.g. kernel handles, GDI objects etc.
So you should always check for errors. And not just GetDC(), every single call to an API function should have its return value checked.
The Windows API does not signal errors by raising exceptions. Instead the errors are always signalled through the values returned by the API function. You need to consult the documentation to understand how each individual function reports errors.
If you encounter a failure in a GDI function like GetDC() then there's not a lot you can do. In the scenario you describe I would log the error or report it to the user, and then terminate execution. There's generally no recovery from a failure of GetDC().
The pain of checking for errors every time an API function is called is one of the reasons why we have so many frameworks that wrap the low level API. A good framework will do the error checking for you and convert any errors into exceptions. Using a good framework allows you to concentrate on the normal flow of execution and not littering your code with handling code for exceptional cases.
|
Q:
Replacement for infinite loop
In my console application I have a couple of classes (let's call them MyClass1, MyClass2, ...) having a method that should check the existence of certain records in the database (different classes wait for different records) and return only when the needed records exist. I currently have a simple implementation using an infinite loop and Thread.Sleep. This approach does work, but it tends to cause a high CPU load. What is the way to make these methods more CPU-friendly?
public override void WaitForRecord()
{
MyDatabaseRecord record = null;
while (record == null)
{
Thread.Sleep(500);
using (var dc = new MyDataContext())
{
record = dc.Documents
.Where( /*condition*/)
.SingleOrDefault();
}
}
Logger.Info("Record with ID " + record.Id + " found at " + DateTime.Now)
}
The usage of these methods is pretty straightforward: the calling code creates a bunch of objects, launches each object's WaitForRecord method using Task.Factory.StartNew, periodically checks whether any tasks have finished execution, and prints the results in the console like this:
MyClass1 is still waiting for record...
MyClass2 has found the record...
...
A:
Assuming that you're connecting to a SQL (2005 or greater) database, you could look into SqlDependency. Here is an article on code project about SqlDependency and EF:
http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/496484/SqlDependency-with-Entity-Framework
|
The following is live, up to the minute coverage of today's rookie tournament game between the Ottawa Senators and the Chicago Blackhawks. Â Remember to refresh the page to get the latest updates.
Update: We're about...
The following is live in game, up to the minute coverage of the rookie tournament game between the Pittsburgh Penguins and Ottawa Senators. Â Remember to refresh the page for the latest updates. Â Remember also...
Leafs prospect Nazem Kadri has successfully passed the first hurdle en route to a possible World Juniors roster spot, by earning an invite to the final selection camp earlier today. The roster currently encompasses...
Player Profile:
Position: D
Shoots: Left
Height: 6'5
Weight: 218 lbs
Birthdate: 1991-01-25
Player Background & Description:
"Cowen’s 2008-09 season was cut short due to a knee injury at the end of January. Prior to his injury, he had a plus-15...
Celebrating a decade of squandered potential and faded dreams, the draft of 1999 turned out shallower than an infant’s paddling pool, yet despite being regarded as an acrimonious footnote in league history the draft...
For much of the year, scouts from NHL clubs and private scouting agencies scour the globe for the next generational talent, the next franchise player, and the next late round steal. On Draft weekend,...
Scouting service, McKeen's Hockey Prospects released their 2009 Final Rankings, in conjunction with their 2009 Draft Guide which includes exclusive content and scouting reports on the top 90 draft eligible players. Patrick... |
“All my life, I’ve been greedy, greedy, greedy.” Photo: Ian MacNicol/Getty Images
Donald Trump repeatedly promised that he would not benefit from his own tax plan. Congressional Republicans repeatedly pledged that they would finance a “middle-class tax cut” by closing “special interest” loopholes — especially those that benefit the affluent.
These were always transparent lies. From the beginning, it was clear that the GOP plan would deliver a windfall to the Trump family, through its abolition of the estate tax, a giant cut in the rate for pass-through companies (like the Trump Organization), and a massive reduction in the corporate tax rate (which will primarily benefit wealthy shareholders). Meanwhile, the Republicans never did much to conceal that their plan would deliver more benefits to their preferred special-interest groups than to the middle class.
Still, few could have anticipated just how gratuitously the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act violates the president’s promises to the American people. Pretending that corporate tax cuts produce huge wage gains for middle-class workers is one thing. But ending deductions that benefit veterans, indebted students, orphans, and people who suffer from rare diseases — while preserving one that benefits owners of golf courses — requires almost superhuman chutzpah.
At present, the tax code provides “conservation easements” to owners of land who agree to leave their property undeveloped. The point is to encourage the preservation of forests and farmland, for the public’s benefit. But owners of private golf resorts can also access this subsidy, by promising to “conserve” their fairways and putting greens in perpetuity.
This is an extremely inefficient means of conserving open, quasi-natural space. But it’s a highly efficient way of subsidizing millionaire developers. As Bloomberg explains:
[I]n practice, the deductions that land owners take for golf courses are enormous compared with the conservation value, said Ruth Madrigal, a tax lawyer who worked on conservation easements for the U.S. Treasury department during the Obama administration. A developer can build homes and a nearby golf course, get a conservation easement on the links and claim a deduction that can pay for the entire development, she said.
“The Obama administration wanted to cut the deduction because it viewed the policy’s costs in total as far exceeding the conservation benefits,” Madrigal said.
The president has claimed this tax break for his “conservation” work at the Trump National Golf Club in Bedminster, New Jersey, and Mar-a-Lago Club in Palm Beach, Florida. The Obama administration estimated that ending the deduction would generate $600 million in revenue over ten years.
The GOP’s unusual approach to closing “special interest” loopholes aids Trump in other ways. The Republican plan bars most businesses from deducting interest payments from their tax bills — but preserves that privilege for commercial real estate.
Most egregiously, the bill appears to cap the state and local tax (SALT) deduction for upper-middle-class families, while maintaining it for business owners in high-tax states. On first brush, the rollback of the SALT deduction was the one part of the GOP plan that looked genuinely bad for Trump, who surely pays a decent amount of state and local tax on his New York properties. But it now looks like owners of pass-through businesses will be free to continue exploiting the deduction (even as those who work for a living lose out).
During a Ways and Means Committee hearing on the tax bill this week, Democratic congressman Earl Blumenauer asked whether business owners would, in fact, retain the deduction. He said that the Joint Committee on Taxation — the entity responsible for scoring the Republican plan, and thus, determining whether it complies with budget rules — had suggested that business owners lose the deduction like everyone else. But when he’d broached the same subject with Republican congressional staffers, he was told the opposite.
Ways and Means chair Kevin Brady refused to let Blumenauer pose this question to JCT chief Tom Barthold, who was appearing before the committee. Daniel Shaviro, a professor of tax law at New York University, spells out the ostensible upshot of this exchange:
Here is what I strongly suspect is happening:
(1) While the Committee leadership knows that the answer is yes — the likes of Trump and the law firm partner can deduct their state and local income taxes under the bill, whereas employees can’t — it does not want this to be generally understood at present. So they are trying to stonewall. And very possibly also:
(2) The Committee leadership knows that the JCT revenue estimate is wrong because it didn’t account properly for the widespread “business owner” deductibility of state and local taxes. This could either have been an honest blunder amid the high-speed train wreck of the rapid-fire drafting, or it could have reflected diffidence about fully explaining things to the JCT — it doesn’t matter now. But if they know that the revenue estimate is wrong, and that it would be higher if done right, and that this is at risk of coming out, then they may feel they are trapped and have to push aggressively forward, in the hope of completing this stage of the process before their actions are exposed.
… I don’t know that #2 is so, but stonewalling has a way of broadening one’s suspicions. It would also help to explain why they appear to be so set on stonewalling, when the bill’s substantive effect is bound to come out well before enactment anyway.
This analysis has yet to be confirmed.
On Wednesday, Brady defended his proposed elimination of the adoption tax credit, on the grounds that it disproportionately benefits families that don’t need it (the credit is inaccessible to households that make over $243,540 a year). Encouraging adoption is a worthy goal, Brady allowed, but not one that justified maintaining a mildly regressive tax benefit.
Golf-course maintenance and commercial real-estate development, on the other hand, are so vital to our republic (in the GOP’s ostensible view), it’s worth maintaining massively regressive loopholes to encourage both. |
The possible involvement of tetrodotoxin-sensitive ion channels in ischemic neuronal damage in the rat hippocampus.
To determine the role of tetrodotoxin-sensitive ion channels in post-ischemic selective neuronal death, the effect of tetrodotoxin on ischemia-induced brain cell injury was studied in rats. The animals were subjected to 20 min of cerebral ischemia in a four vessels occlusion model. Thirty min before ischemia, tetrodotoxin at a dose of 10(-7) or 10(-6) M was topically applied into the hippocampal CA1 subfield. Morphological changes in the CA1 subfield were evaluated 7 days after ischemia and compared with those of a vehicle-injected group. The average cell density of CA1 pyramidal neurons ipsilateral to the injection (cells/mm, mean +/- S.E.M.) was 27 +/- 7 (n = 6) in the vehicle-treated group, and 56 +/- 13 (n = 6) and 83 +/- 17 (n = 6) in the group treated with tetrodotoxin at doses of 10(-7) and 10(-6) M, respectively. Tetrodotoxin mitigated the ischemic hippocampal neuronal damage in a limited but dose-dependent manner. This suggests that activation of tetrodotoxin-sensitive ion channels might contribute to the process of the ischemic neuronal damage. |
Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan gives a statement in Istanbul, Turkey, April 16, 2017. REUTERS/Murad Sezer
ANKARA (Reuters) - President Tayyip Erdogan told crowds of flag-waving supporters on Sunday that Turkey could hold another referendum on reinstating the death penalty, as he claimed victory in a vote that will hand him sweeping new powers.
Addressing crowds in Istanbul, Erdogan said he would “immediately” discuss the issue of bringing back the death penalty with Prime Minister Binali Yildirim and the leader of the nationalist opposition. Such a move would spell the end of Turkey’s accession talks with the European Union.
Erdogan also said votes in favor of constitutional changes to replace Turkey’s parliamentary system with an executive presidency stood at 51.5 percent. He said everyone should respect the nation’s decision, and added Turkey would “shift gears” in the coming period. |
The Girl From Ipanema
Kendra Feather may not be a chef, but she knows what she likes — which happens to be what Richmond loves.
Kendra Feather has a simple philosophy: "Not every situation has to be the best fine-dining restaurant in the whole wide world. ... You can be a great good place." She's shown here at the Roosevelt.
There's a recipe for opening a successful Richmond restaurant. The ingredients are these: Big-budget backers. Professional branding and interior design. A lofty concept. Trendy food.
Kendra Feather never followed the recipe.
She's the first to tell you she's no chef. When she talks about getting back in the kitchen, "literally, everyone gets really quiet," she says. "They avert their eyes and they walk away."
Nor is she a bartender. Nor is she a business mogul; only recently did she take bookkeeping lessons.
Kendra Feather is a good waitress.
That, if you get right down to it, may be her secret. She knows how to make people happy. She knows how to serve.
She has an uncanny instinct for what Richmonders like, an instinct that's guided her while she's built not one, but three beloved restaurants: a funky vegetarian hideaway, a charmingly Southern sandwich nook, and a Church Hill hangout that from its opening day felt like it always belonged there. Plus, there's a bakery on the way.
"She's one of those people who just takes care of business," says Manny Mendez, the bearded chef and co-owner of Kuba Kuba and now Galley.
"She's one of those people who has a really clear vision of what she likes, and what she thinks everything should look like, and what other people will like too," says Rachel Zell, a server at Can Can, a caterer and longtime friend.
"Kendra has made her way into that illustrious group of people who make really good food in the city of Richmond," says John Campbell, a former Ipanema bartender who's now bassist for Lamb of God.
Feather, at Ipanema in 2009, holds an apple and Edam cheese sandwich. The menu was recently updated for the restaurant's 14th anniversary.
The First Place
Feather was never interested in restaurants. In her 20s, she helped run an underground art gallery. She promoted bands. She studied public relations at Virginia Commonwealth University.
To support these endeavors, she worked for six years at a Grace Street coffee shop, The Bidder's Suite, first as a server, then as manager. She learned from the eccentric owner all the ways to make a restaurant fail. When Bidder's Suite closed its doors, Feather asked for the equipment as compensation for the months she'd worked without a paycheck. "It was like a keg box and a stove, but whatever," she says. "I literally thought I could open a restaurant with $3,000."
This was foolish, Feather acknowledges. But she didn't know that. "Enough nice people took pity on me, basically, and helped me along," she says. She picked up extra shifts waiting tables at Third Street Diner and banked her tips. She didn't know how to cook, but she enlisted friends who did.
Even with her laughable budget and the limitations of The Bidder's Suite's basement space, Feather had some definite ideas about how she wanted the place to feel. Surfer dude Jeff Killen, now a sought-after restaurant designer, built wooden booths separated by metal screens, creating a sense of intimacy without walling off each table. She stocked up on thrift-store plates ("If it didn't have a chip, I took it") and Mason jars. It was a trend-setting move in retrospect, but livid diners demanded real glasses.
Feather opened Ipanema Cafe in 1998, when she was 28. The name came from her favorite song; she didn't think about the Brazilian connotation that would confound people for years.
Campbell was Feather's first bartender. He recalls standing behind the cheap plywood-topped bar and spinning old rock 'n' roll records on the turntable — a pain while pouring drinks. "It was like having that one extra customer on the bar," he says.
Feather was buoyed by blind faith and simple delight. She kept waiting tables. She thought it was neat that she could eat for free, she says. She didn't know any better.
Not that it was easy. Feather recalls nights when she'd be hunched over a table at Ipanema doing paperwork until 5 a.m., "creeped out and crying, because I just wasn't prepared to be that grown up yet."
The early menu featured duck. But Feather noticed that the veggie dishes were selling well, and so Ipanema became a vegetarian restaurant. Critics praised the food. Scenesters, bike couriers, sculpture students and advertising majors adopted the place and kept it going, one $20 tab at a time. "Sometimes the difference, for a restaurant, is 10 people a day," Feather says. "It's just 10 people a day."
The dimly lighted basement restaurant with the battered plywood bar, the thrift-store plates and the tempeh somehow became a city institution. On Sept. 30, Ipanema marked its 14th anniversary.
"It became itself," Feather says. She doesn't own Ipanema, she likes to say — it belongs to the people. "And they expect it to stand in time." Those one-time students, now married and parents, walk in and complain that they don't see anybody they know.
She kept the changes modest during recent renovations — an orange wall became green, the bar was replaced. She's updated the menu, too, although one thing will never change: the smoked Gouda sandwich.
It was the first thing she put on the menu — the sandwich she invented before she learned how to cook. Fragrant with thyme and caramelized onion, oozing with cheese, with nicely smushy tomato slices and nicely chewy Billy bread, it isn't fancy. But it's deeply satisfying. "It's still everyone's favorite sandwich," Feather says.
Garnett's sprang from Feather's vision of an intimate, nostalgic hideaway. "These places have to exist for people to make those memories, right?" she says.
The Good Place
In 2008 Feather's brother heard about a restaurant for sale — the tiny, triangular spot at Park Avenue and Meadow Street that was Chiocca's for years and then briefly was Table 9. He dragged her to look at it. Cute, Feather thought. But it was $30,000 she didn't have.
A new owner turned it into Credo's Park Avenue Café, failed in record time and walked away. "Literally walked away," Feather says — "like there's the cutting board with the lemon and the knife."
The building's owners, Mendez and local restaurant emperor Johnny Giavos, called Feather and offered her the keys. They gave her three days to decide.
Though charming, the place was wholly impractical. There was no heat and no central air conditioning. It had no hood vent, no stove, no walk-in fridge and no fryer. Feather called it "Barbie's first kitchen."
She stayed up all night researching lunch-counter cuisine and writing a menu that could be assembled with nothing but a toaster and a sandwich press. And she told Mendez and Giavos yes. "I still don't even know if we even have a lease," Mendez says. "We just shook on it."
Feather opened Garnett's in 2009. She made the place a thoughtful, not worshipful, nod to lunch-counter culture: "You can't be too nostalgic for a certain time," she notes, "because it's not good memories for half the people in Richmond."
One day she met Frank Chiocca, who owned the place from 1964 to 2004 and practically raised his family in that tiny triangle. Hearing the stories of Chiocca's revealed to her the secret "of how the fabric gets woven" — how a building, a time, a cast of characters and a list of recipes combine to become a distinctive place.
That was her goal for Garnett's. Feather read a book called "The Great Good Place," by Ray Oldenburg, which examines the importance of gathering spots between home and work. The book included a photograph of five old men smoking and sitting on a row of chairs outside a cafe.
Feather wanted that. She selected five perfectly mismatched chairs and placed them outside Garnett's. "I really thought that if I put the chairs there, maybe the old men would come," she says, laughing. "I don't know. They never did." The chairs got stolen.
Despite Feather's careful staging, the cafe struggled. Garnett's limped along, its bills paid by Ipanema's profits. A year after it opened, both businesses were edging toward bankruptcy.
Yet she didn't think about closing Garnett's, she says, for one simple reason: "I like coming here. I want it to exist. ... Even if it's not making any money, I don't really care. I literally don't care. That's stupid. And that's bad business. But."
Diners eventually became regulars, lured by desserts and date nights. Now there's frequently a wait for a lunch table. Feather bought new chairs for the sidewalk — and chained them.
Her favorite thing: walking into Garnett's and seeing a father sharing a slice of cake with his son. It's not the cake that matters, she says. It's the moment.
The Roosevelt, open just a year, already has attracted a loyal crowd of neighbors and foodies who rave about chef Lee Gregory's pig's-head terrine and chicken-skin sliders.
The Neighborhood Place
Twice Feather beat the odds. Why, then, did she open a third restaurant — this one more ambitious — on the very edge of gentrified Church Hill?
"I shouldn't have done it," says Feather, 42. "I lied to my parents. They still don't know that I own half of Roosevelt."
The summer of 2010 had been awful. Her dog died. Her chef at Ipanema left three weeks before she planned to depart for a work-study session at an olive farm and vineyard in Italy. She canceled the trip. Unrelated to the chef's departure, Feather discovered some business irregularities. The most difficult thing about running a business "is being damaged by other people's greed," she says — whether that means a bartender giving away half the bar to his friends or a trusted associate proving untrustworthy.
To clear her head, she took a weekend trip to New Orleans with a friend and neighbor, local beekeeper Cy Bearer. She returned to Richmond invigorated — not by the food, but by the joie de vivre she found in that fabled city. She made a vow: "I wish that, if I ever open another restaurant, I just want it to be a really happy place that embraces the place that it is."
The next day she found out that the old building at the corner of 25th and M streets, formerly home to Que Pasa, was in foreclosure. "If you want the restaurant, we'll buy the building," said the Kellmans, her longtime supporters and Ipanema landlords.
She looked at it, and she liked it. She liked the big windows, the airy space, the fleur-de-lis ironwork. And she knew just the person she wanted as partner: Lee Gregory, the former chef at Six Burner.
At night, the distinctive red building at 25th and M streets beckons invitingly.
Gregory rarely got press, Feather says, but she loved his food. When every other restaurant had asparagus on the menu, Gregory was getting creative with butterbeans and turnips. And she had noticed the city's chefs sitting at the Six Burner bar: "When they had a night off, that's where they all went to eat."
Gregory didn't know Feather well. He'd called her a few times for her advice on potential restaurant investments, and she always told him not to spend his money on someone else's failure. "It'll happen, it'll happen," she said.
"I certainly didn't want to hear that," Gregory says.
Gregory didn't see a lot of money in the Church Hill venture. "I'll do it, but this is weird," she recalls him saying. "What's going to go wrong?"
When Feather contacted influential neighborhood blog Church Hill People's News to share details about the project, the comments section erupted in cheers. John Murden, the blog's founder, met the restaurateur at a Church Hill Association meeting. Feather thought he was cute, and Murden fell hard.
Murden, a meticulous man, spent months helping Feather paint the space, hand-stenciling damask patterns on the pale-blue walls. They went for long walks through Church Hill while Murden told her forgotten stories about its history. A simple vision for the Roosevelt coalesced, Feather says: a neighborhood bar and grill "which is in Church Hill, which is in Richmond, which is in Virginia."
Working with Feather was the perfect partnership, Gregory says, because all he had to do was handle the food. The design, the concept and the paperwork he left to Feather. "I'm, in some sense, just a glorified line cook," he says. "Nothing ever changed for me — that's the beauty of it."
And Feather got to bake a restaurant from scratch. "We just wanted something cute," Gregory says, "and something that felt like it was supposed to be there. That's what she's great at."
The Roosevelt opened in July 2011. Ninety people poured in on the unadvertised first night. It hasn't quieted down since.
Dining critics also lauded the place. Style Weekly's reviewers called Feather and Gregory's collaboration "unusually focused and intentional, giving the neighborhood an affordable meal in pleasant company, with no false notes to be found." For that spirit, and for its innovative Southern food, the reviewers named the Roosevelt Style's 2012 Restaurant of the Year.
"Neither one of us ever thought in our wildest dreams that it could be like this," Gregory says of the place's success.
Feather, too, seems incredulous. "Does it happen to me three times? I mean, that's ridiculous, right? Who gets given restaurants every couple of years?"
As if it really was that easy. People outside the industry don't understand the stress of running a restaurant, Mendez says, or the partnerships formed under pressure.
On an average day, Mendez may talk to 10 other restaurant owners. They're asking advice, collaborating on themed dinners, tipping each other off to wine bargains. "It's not an exclusive club," Mendez says. "There's big guys and there's little guys" — but for the most part, it's guys.
Mendez can name just three influential women in the local restaurant world: Michelle Williams of the Richmond Restaurant Group, who's behind such places as the Hard Shell and Europa, Virginia Rowland of Rowland Fine Dining, and Feather.
"She spearheads an idea, and it's going to happen," Mendez says. "And she's a chick. It's rare for us to have a female counterpart."
Baker David Rohrer and Feather are teaming to open a new place in early November: the WPA Bakery, which will serve coffee, breakfast pastries, cakes and pies.
The Sweet Place
Her three wishes fulfilled — well four, if you count her July 4 wedding to Murden in Italy — Feather is making one more happen for someone else.
David Rohrer was a regular at Ipanema when Feather offered him a job 12 years ago. He began as a cook and learned to bake, mastering the craft of vegan and gluten-free desserts.
Rohrer says he was content living the late-night kitchen life. But about five years ago, he quit drinking. Then he got married. He'd gone as far as he could go, churning out hummingbird cakes for Garnett's and fruit pies for Ipanema. He began to dream of his own place.
Feather knew Rohrer needed to move on. She shared his love of baking, and had always dreamed of opening a pie shop. But when she was diagnosed with a gluten allergy three years ago, she put away her pans and plans.
She decided instead to help Rohrer start a bakery. It could be called the Buttermilk Palace, she suggested. "I don't want a pink powder puff bakery," he said. "I'm a man."
Instead he chose the name WPA: the Well-Made Pastry Alliance. With Feather and Murden's help, Rohrer began renovating a Church Hill storefront — owned by the Kellmans, in no coincidence — at the corner of 27th and Marshall streets. They painted it buttery yellow and French blue. Feather added a few antique touches and a bright red chandelier. Rohrer, an artist, made cheeky versions of 1930s public-service posters that say such things as "Cake: For You, For All." He hopes to open Nov. 9, serving 7 a.m.-2 p.m., seven days a week.
The business model is solid, in classic Feather form. Already, Rohrer has enough wholesale clients to support the shop, including the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts' Best Café and the University of Richmond. The challenge will be drawing enough customers for coffee and cake to a quiet corner, although another restaurant, Dutch and Co., is opening across the street early next year.
Feather has stepped back on this project, letting Rohrer create the menu and the concept of a traditional cake and pie shop (no fondant here, thank you). "She doesn't want to take away from me opening my first business," Rohrer says.
The thing about Feather is that she acknowledges her weaknesses and draws on others' strengths, he says. While she may no longer be baking, she's always, always thinking.
"I want a crape myrtle cake," she said to him one day. The oh-so-Southern name was a mirage. It didn't exist.
Rohrer invented a zucchini-walnut cake with a hint of cocoa, iced with raspberry cream-cheese icing. "So it's like the bark and the pink," he explains. It was new. It was lovely.
"Maybe it'll be our signature cake," he says. "Who knows." S
Correction: An earlier version of this story misspelled the name of the coffee shop where Feather worked as "Bittersweet." We regret the error.
We make sense of the news; pursue those in power; explore the city's arts and culture; open windows on provocative ideas; and help readers know Richmond through its people. We give readers the information to make intelligent decisions. |
March on Wall Street South
Laurel Green (left) listens patiently to Obama supporter Joseph Smith as he criticizes a group of anarchists and Occupy Wall Street protesters during the Democratic National Convention. Green was attempting to calm Smith during a peaceful demonstration, with journalists outnumbering protesters, as they made their way to the convention hall. |
Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Work and Social Capital
The Labor Law Group
The Labor Law Group had its origins in Professor Willard Wirtz's 1946 call for the development of better books and materials for the instruction of law students on labor law. In response to Wirtz’s address approximately forty labor law professors and practitioners met in Ann Arbor in 1947 to discuss the problem and begin work on a book. With the publication of their first book in 1953 these same academics and practitioners formed the Labor Law Group as a non-profit trust dedicated to the development of materials for the preparation of law students for the practice of labor and employment law.
The “Group process” for developing books consists of Group meetings among members and practitioners to plan and assign projects; the writing and editing of the project by the assigned members; editing of the project by the Group’s Executive Committee; and publication of the project with all royalties returned to the Group to fund future meetings and projects.
The Group currently has nine books published with Thomson/West and Foundation Press.
Speaking to the Next Generation:
Concerned about labor conditions of workers who made his stuffed monkey, 8-month old Will Lawrie of Ithaca, New York consults the Labor Law Group’s International Labor Law textbook (he appears to be reading James Atleson’s chapter on international labor solidarity). |
Translation-invariant pattern recognition based on Synfire chains.
Most of current neural network architectures are not suited to recognize a pattern at various displaced positions. This lack seems due to the prevailing neuron model which reduces a neuron's information transmission to its firing rate. With this information code, a neuronal assembly cannot distinguish between different combinations of its entities and therefore fails to represent the fine structure within a pattern. In our approach, the main idea of the correlation theory is accepted that spatial relationships in a pattern should be coded by temporal relations in the timing of action potentials. However, we do not assume that synchronized spikes are a sign for strong synapses between the neurons concerned. Instead, the synchronization of Synfire chains can be exploited to produce the relevant timing relationships between the neuronal signals. Therefore, we do not require fast synaptic plasticity to account for the precise timing of action potentials. In order to illustrate this claim, we propose a model for translation-invariant pattern recognition which does not depend on any changes in synaptic efficacies. |
Entries in Programming
(2)
Well I finally have my first fully functional beta release for DotSerialize and I've now posted it on nuget (wooo!). It's not quite as performant as I'd hoped speed-wise, but it more than delivers in other aspects so I'm still quite happy. I have now moved onto new projects.
Lately I've been hit with the urge to code like mad again. Most of the time work manages to crush any urge to code on my own projects out of me. By the time I get home I don't even want to think about code (the curse of your main hobby also being your job). Lately though I've found myself back in the groove and being quite productive. I published a new library on codeplex called DotSerialize and am working on an article for CodeProject detailing how to customize it to serialize complex data structures. I'm also working on some commercial enterprises again. I don't know how long this will last, but I hope I can keep up the steam for another 6 months at least. Any other programmers out there stay in near perpetual burnout thanks to your job? |
Clonal analysis of transient myeloproliferative disorder in Down's syndrome.
Three Down's syndrome patients with transient myeloproliferative disorder were studied for clonality of the proliferating blast cells using the X chromosome-linked polymorphic gene phosphoglycerate kinase, immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene and T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) (beta, gamma, delta) genes. None of the three cases showed rearrangements of IgH, TCR beta, gamma, or delta genes, indicating the non-lymphoid nature of the proliferating blast cells. The X chromosome inactivation pattern showed that the cells in the blast population in all of the three cases of transient myeloproliferative disorder were clonal. These data suggest that at least some of this disorder can be due to a spontaneously regressing clone of malignant cells. |
Going through some old paperwork today, and found this - made me think.
Sometimes when you're feeling important, sometimes when your ego's in full bloom,Sometimes when you take it for granted you're the best qualified in the room.Sometimes when you feel that your going would leave an unfillable hole,Just follow these simple instruction, and see how they humble your soul.
Take a bucket and fill it with water, put your hand in it up to the wrist.Pull it out.....and the hole that remains is a measure of how you'll be missed.
You can splash all you want as you enter, you may stir up the water galore, But stop, and you'll find that in no time, it looks quite the same as before.
The moral in this quaint example is to do just the best that you can.Be proud of yourself but remember - there is no indispensable man! |
Future Directions for the National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Reports
The IOM formed the Subcommittee on Standardized Collection of Race/Ethnicity Data for Healthcare Quality Improvement to examine approaches to the standardization of data on race, ethnicity, and language. In the 2009 report of the subcommittee, Race, Ethnicity, and Language Data: Standardization for Health Care Quality Improvement, the IOM recommends collection of more granular ethnicity and language need according to national standards in addition to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) race and Hispanic ethnicity categories (IOM, 2009).1 The presence of race, ethnicity, and language need data does not, in and of itself, guarantee subsequent actions in terms of analysis of quality data to identify health care needs, or actions to reduce or eliminate disparities in health care. The absence of data, however, essentially guarantees that none of those actions will occur. The subcommittee's recommendations are presented below.
Collect data on granular ethnicity using categories that are applicable to the populations it serves or studies. Categories should be selected from a national standard list (go to Recommendation 6-1a) on the basis of health and health care quality issues, evidence or likelihood of disparities, or size of subgroups within the population. The selection of categories should also be informed by analysis of relevant data (e.g., Census data) on the service or study population. In addition, an open-ended option of "Other, please specify:_____" should be provided for persons whose granular ethnicity is not listed as a response option.
Elicit categorical responses consistent with the current OMB standard race and Hispanic ethnicity categories, with the addition of a response option of "Some other race" for persons who do not identify with the OMB race categories.
Recommendation 3-2: Any entity collecting data from individuals for purposes related to health and health care should collect granular ethnicity data in addition to data in the OMB race and Hispanic ethnicity categories and should select the granular ethnicity categories to be used from a national standard set. When respondents do not self-identify as one of the OMB race categories or do not respond to the Hispanic ethnicity question, a national scheme should be used to roll up the granular ethnicity categories to the applicable broad OMB race and Hispanic ethnicity categories to the extent feasible.
Recommendation 3-3: To determine the utility for health and health care purposes, HHS should pursue studies on different ways of framing the questions and related response categories for collecting race and ethnicity data at the level of the OMB categories, focusing on completeness and accuracy of response among all groups.
Issues addressed should include use of the one-or two-question format for race and Hispanic ethnicity, whether all individuals understand and identify with the OMB race and Hispanic ethnicity categories, and the increasing size of populations identifying with "Some other race."
The results of such studies, together with parallel studies by the Census Bureau and other agencies, may reveal the need for an OMB review across all agencies to determine the best format for improving response among all groups.
At a minimum, collect data on an individual's assessment of his/her level of English proficiency and on the preferred spoken language needed for effective communication with health care providers. For health care purposes, a rating of spoken English-language proficiency of less than very well is considered limited English proficiency.
Where possible and applicable, additionally collect data on the language spoken by the individual at home and the language in which he/she prefers to receive written materials.
Recommendation 4-2: The choice of response categories for spoken and written language questions should be informed by analysis of relevant data on the service area (e.g., Census data) or service population, and any response list should include an option of "Other, please specify:_____" for persons whose language is not listed.
Recommendation 4-3: When any health care entity collects language data, the languages used as response options or categories for analysis should be selected from a national standard set of languages in use in the United States. The national standard set should include sign language(s) for spoken language and Braille for written language.
Recommendation 5-1: Where directly collected race and ethnicity data are not available, entities should use indirect estimation to aid in the analysis of racial and ethnic disparities and in the development of targeted quality improvement strategies, recognizing the probabilistic and fallible nature of such indirectly estimated identifications.
Race and ethnicity identifications based on indirect estimation should be distinguished from self-reports in data systems, and if feasible, should be accompanied by probabilities.
Interventions and communications in which race and ethnicity identifications are based on indirect estimation may be better suited to population-level interventions and communications and less well suited to use in individual-level interactions.
An indirectly estimated probability of an individual's race and ethnicity should never be placed in a medical record or used in clinical decision making.
Recommendation 6-1a: HHS should develop and make available national standard lists of granular ethnicity categories and spoken and written languages, with accompanying unique codes and rules for rollup procedures.
HHS should adopt a process for routine updating of those lists and procedures as necessary. Sign languages should be included in national lists of spoken languages and Braille in lists of written languages.
HHS should ensure that any national hierarchy used to roll up granular ethnicity categories to the broad OMB race and Hispanic ethnicity categories takes into account responses that do not correspond to one of the OMB categories.
Recommendation 6-1b: HHS and the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC) should adopt standards for including in electronic health records the variables of race, Hispanic ethnicity, granular ethnicity, and language need identified in this report.
Recommendation 6-1c: HHS and ONC should develop standards for electronic data transmission among health care providers and plans that support data exchange and possible aggregation of race, Hispanic ethnicity, granular ethnicity, and language need data across entities to minimize redundancy in data collection.
Recommendation 6-1d: The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, as well as others sponsoring payment incentive programs, should ensure that the awarding of such incentives takes into account collection of the recommended data on race, Hispanic ethnicity, granular ethnicity, and language need so these data can be used to identify and address disparities in care.
Recommendation 6-1e: HHS should issue guidance that recipients of HHS funding (e.g., Medicare, the Children's Health Insurance Program [CHIP], Medicaid, community health centers) include data on race, Hispanic ethnicity, granular ethnicity, and language need in individual health records so these data can be used to stratify quality performance metrics, organize quality improvement and disparity reduction initiatives, and report on progress.
Recommendation 6-2: HHS, the Department of Veterans Affairs, and the Department of Defense should coordinate their efforts to ensure that all federally funded health care delivery systems collect the variables of race, Hispanic ethnicity, granular ethnicity, and language need as outlined in this report, and include these data in the health records of individuals for use in stratifying quality performance metrics, organizing quality improvement and disparity reduction initiatives, and reporting on progress.
Recommendation 6-3: Accreditation and standards-setting organizations should incorporate the variables of race, Hispanic ethnicity, granular ethnicity, and language need outlined in this report and associated categories (as updated by HHS) as part of their accreditation standards and performance measure endorsements.
The Joint Commission, NCQA, and URAC should ensure collection in individual health records of the variables of race, Hispanic ethnicity, granular ethnicity, and language need as outlined in this report so these data can be used to stratify quality performance metrics, organize quality improvement and disparity reduction initiatives, and report on progress.
NQF should review and amend its recommendations on the collection and use of data on race, Hispanic ethnicity, granular ethnicity, and language need to accord with the categories and procedures outlined in this report.
Medical societies and medical boards should review and endorse the variables, categories, and procedures outlined in this report and educate their members on their use for quality improvement.
Recommendation 6-4: Through their certification, regulation, and monitoring of health care providers and organizations within their jurisdiction, states should require the collection of data on the race, Hispanic ethnicity, granular ethnicity, and language need variables as outlined in this report so these data can be used to stratify quality performance metrics, organize quality improvement and disparity reduction initiatives, and report on progress. |
SwissBorg is proud to announce our most important strategic partnership with Ginco in Japan. Multiple benefits will result from this long-term relationship with Ginco. Ginco is the most secure and simple wallet available in the Japanese market. Thanks to Ginco’s proprietary technology and cryptography, the wallet meets the highest security standards. On top of that, the wallet’s extremely well-designed user interface makes the experience as simple as possible. Simplicity/ ease of use in Japan is among the most important factors when evaluating quality products especially compared to the complicated procedures most of us go through with other wallet storages such as the ledger nano s.
If you are using MEW or Metamask, this app could be a safe and simple alternative. Just download the app here and we guarantee a quality experience: https://goo.gl/RGDZHv
In total, it takes less than a minute so definitely worth the try!
From a business perspective, SwissBorg and Ginco will be sharing each other’s communities to grow our awareness, our community members and stimulate further interest in the CHSB token.
How To Add Tokens:
Here are some quick steps showing how to add CHSB tokens to your Ginco wallet.
1. Click on the home screen of your Ginco wallet app
2. Touch “See all” button on the top right of the Cryptocurrency card
3. Push the “Add/Hide coin” button
4. Scroll the menu and find SwissBorg, and enable it
5. Go back to the home screen, and swipe your cards to find the SwissBorg card!
Here are the steps to share your CHSB address card on different channels:
1. Show CHSB token card on the home screen
2. Press the “receive” button, and then press the “Share QR code” button
3. Choose Twitter (or your favorite social media), and post the QR code on Twitter with #Ginco #SwissBorg.
Once you have done this, you will see your unique share card posted on the social media on the platform you have chosen! As simple as that. You can also use this function when you would like to receive CHSB tokens from your friends.
A quick video on how to store your CHSB tokens in roughly 30 seconds:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1FHincW_IKI |
Track: Elk boys third in Armstrong meet indoors at ‘U’ with 3 firsts
The Elk River boys finished a strong third in an indoor meet hosted by Armstrong at the University of Minnesota on Saturday.
“We were only six and a half points behind Armstrong, which won our section by a wide margin last year,” noted coach Brian Gilbertson, who expects the 2013 Elks to be its best team in several years.
Eden Prairie (118), Andover (92.5) and the Elks (86) were the top three among nine teams.
It was the Elks third meet of the year, and first since April 30, all of them indoors.
First-places by the Elks were earned by Logan Grace in the 55 hurdles, Fanaka Ndege in the triple jump, and the 4×400 team of Riley Filopvich, Grace, Trent Pink and Ndege.
Ryan Trapp finished second in the 800 despite getting a gash on his foot from another runner’s spike. The mishap also ripped open his shoe.
“Ryan gutted it out,” said Gilbertson, adding that the on-site trainer told him he was done for the day.
That meant the Elks needed a sub for the 4by400. Gilbertson turned to Pink, a freshman, who ran a strong enough third leg to help the Elks beat Eden Prairie by half a second.
The Elks have had seven meets called off due to the late winter. Gilbertson said he made a lot of calls after Saturday’s St. Francis meet was canceled, and managed to snag the final slot for the Armstrong meet. |
The new Lifetime Steel Magnolias movie is an upcoming American comedy-drama television film directed by Kenny Leon that will premiere on the Lifetime Network. The new film stars a all-Black cast and was filmed in the ATL, the cast includes Queen Latifah, Jill Scott, Condola Rashad, Adepero Oduye with Phylicia RashÄd and Alfre Woodard, P.S. ladies Lance Gross is also in the film. In the new first looks of the movie trailer fans will be pleased to see it feels very much like the first movie. READ MORE |
[Disinfection of sandpit by steam and changes of bacterial flora after the disinfection].
The effect of steam on sandpit disinfection was investigated by supplying steam into sandpits covered with a sheet cover. To evaluate the effect, total number of viable bacteria, number of aerobic sporeforming bacteria, coliforms and fecal coliforms were measured four weeks before, just before, immediately after, two and four weeks after the disinfection. Disinfection of coliforms and fecal coliforms was accomplished when temperature of sand reached more than 60 degrees C. Total number of viable bacteria and number of aerobic sporeforming bacteria also reduced by disinfection with steam. However, after 2 and 4 weeks of disinfection, number of coliforms and fecal coliforms recovered to the same level before disinfection, and total viable count also restored its number. In addition, a significant increase in the number of aerobic sporeforming bacteria was noted both after 2 and 4 weeks of disinfection. These results indicate that the effect of steam disinfection in transient and can not be used for the routine method of disinfection in sandpit. |
AUTHOR=Hayden Markus C., Weiß Martin, Pechriggl Alice, Wutti Daniel
TITLE=Insights Into University Knowledge Transfer in the Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) and Other Scientific Disciplines – More Similarities Than Differences
JOURNAL=Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics
VOLUME=3
YEAR=2018
PAGES=32
URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/frma.2018.00032
DOI=10.3389/frma.2018.00032
ISSN=2504-0537
ABSTRACT=Knowledge transfer from universities to other portions of society is highly relevant in both academia and public policy. However, the focus on high-quality research outputs has forced researchers to concentrate their efforts mainly on “science-to-science” achievements. Knowledge transfer activities are usually reduced to topics that are associated with university-industry collaboration or the exploitation of research results, such as procurement of patents. Achievements in fields characterized by “science-to-professionals” and “science-to-public” knowledge transfer are often not appreciated, but rather evaluated as extraordinary and voluntary contributions. Therefore, these are deemed as not beneficial for progression in academic careers. Furthermore, study of such aspects of knowledge transfer has rarely been conducted. While the reduction of knowledge transfer to profit-oriented indicators should in general be questioned, such an objective is particularly inappropriate in the social sciences and humanities (SSH). In the current study, we explored whether researchers themselves have a differentiated understanding of knowledge transfer and which attitudes toward knowledge transfer can be described. We also investigated motivators and obstacles associated with knowledge transfer itself. To analyze differences between the SSH and other scientific disciplines, we compared SSH researchers with those of other fields. Our sample consisted of 283 participants from 18 different Austrian universities. Results indicate that researchers possess a comprehensive understanding of knowledge transfer that is closely related to science-to-public and science-to-professionals disciplines, as well as university instruction. Importantly, issues regarding the exploitation of research results were questioned and motivators were linked to moral rather than economic issues. Within the scientific community, knowledge transfer is insufficiently appreciated and is not beneficial for progress in an academic career. As such, researchers are hindered in participating in knowledge transfer activities. Differences between SSH and non-SSH researchers were noted in several evaluated categories, but were mainly small in effect size. Both subsamples answered consistently along the same trend, indicating that the differences are smaller than we hypothesized. Our findings are critically discussed, and implications are extrapolated. |
This is a renewal application to our on-going "p53/MVAC" study. Tumor progression in transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder is believed to occur through a multistep accumulation of genetic alterations. p53 alterations are involved in the transformation of normal urothelium to carcinoma-in-situ of the bladder and in the progression to invasive disease. We have shown that (1) adjuvant chemotherapy prolongs the recurrence free interval in a group of patients with invasive TCC at high risk for recurrence and that (2) detection of p53 alterations in a bladder tumor is significantly associated with an increased chance of progression in patients with organ-confined TCC managed by radical cystectomy. Our hypothesis is that p53 alterations organ-confined TCC of the bladder significantly increase the risk of recurrence and death, and that adjuvant chemotherapy will improve survival in these high risk patients. To test this we have designed a study that will enroll patients who have already undergone a radical cystectomy with a pathologic stage of P1, P2a/b N0 M0. Patients with TCC demonstrating p53 alterations (p53+) who are willing to be randomized will be assigned either to no further treatment, i.e. observation which is the standard of care for patients with organ-confined disease, or to 3 cycles of MVAC chemotherapy. Those who are p53+ and decline randomization, and those who are p53- (no alteration in p53), will be observed. The specific aims of this prospective study are to (I) compare the recurrence free interval and overall survival of p53+ patients who are treated with MVAC to p53+ patients who are observed, (II) compare the recurrence free and overall survival of p53+ patients who are observed to p53- patients who are also observed, (III) study the expression of other genes involved in cell cycle regulation that may be involved in the response to chemotherapy, (IV) examine the association of p53 mutational gene status with p53 protein expression, outcome, and response to chemotherapy. This is a new aim to this renewal application. To date over 30 academic institutions in the United States, Canada and Europe participate in this prospective study. The study was activated at the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) in 2001 and we are making a substantial effort to attract other Canadian and European institutions to this study. As of May 2002, 281 patients have been registered to the study and 58 p53+ patients have been randomized to MVAC or observation, making this one of the largest adjuvant trials in bladder cancer. The infrastructure to support this study is firmly established including 1) Full compatibility of data management with SWOG. (2) Completion of the interim audit by July 2002. (3) Fourth Annual meeting of the Data Safety Monitoring Committee planned for August 2002. (4) Institution of the patient advocacy program, the first for bladder cancer. (5) The 5th annual investigator's meeting took place May 2002. With the participation of new institutions and with patient accrual and randomization increasing, we expect to complete accrual by 2006 (approximately 33-35 patients randomized per year). This is the first study in bladder cancer in which therapeutic decisions are made based on the status of a molecular alteration. The results of this studio could fundamentally change the management of bladder cancer. [unreadable] [unreadable] |
Integrated stainless-steel drive offers high power densities
07 April, 2010
The German motor manufacturer Groschopp has developed a servomotor in a stainless steel housing which also incorporates a reduction gear and control electronics. The Silver Line motors, with ratings up to 2.3kW and 5.5Nm, are aimed at applications such as driving conveyor belts in the food, beverage and pharmaceutical industries.
The integrated design (shown above) is said to save space, material and assembly time, while the coil winding technology used in the motors is said to result in an output density which is twice that of other servomotors.
The corrosion-resistant stainless steel housing has no screw connections or holes, and the socket for the plug connection is welded into place. O-ring seals and plastic plugs help to provide a smooth, rounded surface, resulting in a protection rating of at least IP65, and possibly IP69K.
The system’s wormgear is also made out of stainless steel, including its driveshaft, and is filled with lubricants suitable for the food industry.
The Silver Line motors are optionally available without integrated electronics, allowing customers to use their own controllers. |
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<h4>Add VS Project...</h4>
<p>Only available if Visual Studio Support is enabled. Displays a FileOpen dialog to allows
selecting a Visual Studio project to be added to the currently open project. Entries are added
for each configuration specified in the VS project, creating new configurations in the test
project if necessary.</p>
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<p>Opens the <a href="projectEditor.html">Project Editor</a>.</p>
<hr><h3>Test Menu</h3><hr>
<h4>Run All</h4>
<p>Runs all the tests.</p>
<h4>Run Selected</h4>
<p>Runs the test or tests that are selected in the tree. If checkboxes are visible,
any checked tests are run by preference. This is the same function provided by
the Run button.</p>
<h4>Run Failed</h4>
<p>Runs only the tests that failed on the previous run.</p>
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<p>Stops the test run. This is the same function provided by the Stop button.</p>
<hr><h3>Tools Menu</h3><hr>
<h4>Test Assemblies...</h4>
<p>Displays information about loaded test assemblies.</p>
<h4>Save Results as XML...</h4>
<p>Opens a FileSave Dialog for saving the test results as an XML file.</p>
<h4>Exception Details...</h4>
<p>Displays detailed information about the last exception.</p>
<h4>Open Log Directory...</h4>
<p>Opens the directory containing logs.</p>
<h4>Settings...</h4>
<p>Displays the <a href="settingsDialog.html">Settings Dialog</a>.</p>
<h4>Addins...</h4>
<p>Displays the <a href="addinsDialog.html">Addins Dialog</a>.</p>
<hr><h3>Help Menu</h3><hr>
<h4>NUnit Help</h4>
<p>Displays the NUnit documentation, if installed. Otherwise, attempts to
connect to the NUnit web site.</p>
<h4>About NUnit...</h4>
<p>Displays info about your version of NUnit and a link to the nunit.org site.</p>
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1. Fields Of The Invention
The present invention relates generally to the method of preventing cross contamination between a patient and a health care worker, and, more particular, to shielding the health care worker with a clear, thin, plastic disk from matter ejected from the patient's mouth during a dental procedure.
2. Discussion Of Background And Prior Art
During the performance of a dental operation it is often necessary for the dental professional to spray air or water or both into a patient's mouth. A typical operation done by a dental technician, known as, prophylaxis, is a routine, preventive procedure involving cleaning of the patients' gums and teeth which results in significant bleeding and the dislodgement of food-debris and tarter build-up which mixes with the patient's saliva. When the dental technician sprays water and/or air into the patient's mouth during the procedure, the mixture, including the water spray, is ejected from the patient's mouth toward the dental technician and presents a significant health hazard to the dental technician.
In recent years the health hazard has been significantly increased because of the HIV virus which causes AIDS and which is transmitted in the blood of an infected patient. If exposed to the bloodstream of the health care worker, this virus most likely will infect the health care worker.
In the past many devices have been provided to guard against this health hazard. The most well known devices include a paper face mask covering the mouth and nose of the health care worker which prevents inhaling fine particles and droplets of ejected matter. Also, eyeglasses act as a physical barrier. The problem with these obvious coverings is that they leave much of the head and neck area of the health care worker exposed.
A variety of prior clear, plastic face shields are known to address this "splatter" problem. These devices are available in several variations including a visor style face shield, a plastic face shield that clips to the side of the health care worker's glasses and a plastic shield which is an extension of a paper face mask to provide a see-through covering for the eye area. The deficiency with these devices still is, however, that they protect only portions of the face area and leave exposed the balance of the face and neck area of the health care worker.
For example, experience has shown that a health care worker wearing a plastic face shield of the type referred to above will often observe upon completion of the treatment of a patient the presence of little water spots at the very top of the shield. Obviously, if the spray and splatter reaches the top of the shield, which is usually in the mid-forehead area, then it certainly reaches the hair and neckline of the health care worker who may, for example, be readily infected with AIDS if an open sore is present in that area.
At the present time there is not available a product which can completely shield the health care worker from all spray and splatter ejected from a patient's mouth during routine dental operations, such as, those involving the use of an air/water syringe.
The present invention solves this problem by using a thin clear plastic disc positioned close to the patient's mouth during the procedure to effectively block ejected matter before it can become airborne or deposited on the clothing, hair or exposed skin surfaces not already covered by glasses, masks and other face shields. |
During his years on “Saturday Night Live,” Jimmy Fallon was known as a likable actor with several spot-on impressions, including Adam Sandler and Jerry Seinfeld. He also developed some mildly amusing characters, such as Webcam stoner Jarret and computer geek Nick Burns. And he had the good fortune to have Tina Fey by his side on “Weekend Update.”
His downside, however, was an ever-increasing inability to curb his midshow laughter. Fellow “SNL” alumnus Tracy Morgan even told Penthouse recently that Fallon’s castmates became fed up with his crackups, and that Morgan had warned Fallon to curb the “laughing and all that dumb [bleep]” he used to do.
“That’s taking all the attention off of everyone else and putting it on you,” said Morgan, describing a terrible trait for a comic actor — and an even worse one for a talk-show host.
So when Jimmy Fallon was announced as Conan O’Brien’s “Late Night” replacement, a writer for Entertainment Weekly echoed the thoughts of many by writing, “I don’t know that I want to watch him giggle his way through interviews night after night.”
Whatever Fallon’s failings, the early jabs also perpetuated a ritual of harsh pre-premiere scrutiny for late-night hosts, as newbies from Conan O’Brien to Jimmy Kimmel began their gigs with the kind of train-wreck expectations that usually accompany of a Britney Spears reality show. Remember that O’Brien was so poorly regarded at first that NBC would only renew his contract 13 weeks at a time.
Given these unique pressures, then, it’s not surprising that several members of late night’s exclusive fraternity called Fallon with advice and support on his first day.
While Stewart was comically warning him not to overthink the job, Stephen Colbert offered a more serious indication of what lay ahead.
“Colbert gave me a piece of advice that [Johnny] Carson gave to Conan, and that Conan told Colbert,” Fallon says. “It was, ‘With this job, you’ll use everything you’ve ever known.’ And that is great advice. I checked that off my list the first week.”
While Fallon’s first show was a ratings triumph despite a stiff interview with Robert De Niro, the reviews were mixed, with many taking note of Fallon’s frayed nerves.
“I think the critics were fair,” he says. “I got good reviews and bad reviews, and even [with] the bad reviews, I go, ‘OK. I can agree with that.’ I don’t know how to host a talk show. I don’t know what I’m doing. I gotta learn how to do it.”
To his credit, Fallon took some of the critiques to heart.
“Newsweek, I think, said I was sweaty, and they were right. My face was so sweaty, wet and greasy that makeup couldn’t even help me. So we’ve lowered the temperature in the studio. I also stopped drinking as many Red Bulls, and I’ve calmed down a bit.”
Also, knowing the chasm that frequently lies between critical acclaim and mass popularity in comedy (i.e., Larry the Cable Guy), certain criticisms were ignored, such as those that slammed “Lick It For Ten,” a bit where audience members are invited to lick random items for $10.
“I’m here for a reason. I think I know what’s funny or what’s good,” says Fallon. ” ‘Lick It for Ten,’ none of the critics enjoyed, but the fans loved it, and we kept doing it. After the third or fourth show, I was walking down the street, and some kid turns to me and says, ‘Hey, Jimmy Fallon. Lick it for 10!’ I go, ‘Oh, God. What have I done?’ “
After working in the LA improv group The Groundlings, spending seven years on “SNL” and starring in a handful of big-budget films, Fallon would seem to be an old hand before the camer. But in his first month and a half on the air, he’s had to cope with the “grind” of running a late-night talk show, including the challenges involved with interviewing celebrities.
“Sometimes people backstage will say, ‘I got this great story about karate and it’s really funny,’ and you go, ‘OK, great.’ So onstage, you go, ‘You just recently took karate,’ and they go, ‘No, not really.’ And we’ve got six minutes left. When it doesn’t work, it creeps by so slow.”
The trick to being a successful late-night host, as Carson proved, is making it seem like a breeze, despite the challenges. While he acknowledges that his training is just beginning, Fallon says the most important thing he’s learned is, “It’s not all about me. It’s about my guests, and about making them feel good and look good.”
To that end, he engages them in activities outside of late night’s usual promotional babble, such as: playing foosball with Clive Owen, competing against Cameron Diaz in a dance-off and enlisting Drew Barrymore in “Lick It for Ten,” with the actress eagerly affixing her tongue to a bowling ball.
Equally important for Fallon is engaging his fans, as he recently did when one young lady got to sing karaoke with Jon Bon Jovi.
Fallon will reach out off the show as well, such as this Saturday, when he co-hosts the EIF Revlon Run/Walk for Women (RevlonRunWalk.com), where 40,000 people will run and walk from Times Square to Central Park’s East Meadow to benefit women’s cancer research.
If Fallon has grown since his “SNL” days, it’s in the realization that a successful host allows others to shine.
“Jack Benny once said, ‘I’m not funny. [My sidekick] Rochester is funny. But people see the show, and they come into work and say, “See how funny Jack Benny was last night,” ‘ ” says Fallon. “You don’t have to be the funny guy all the time. You can let other people be funny and score, and that’s great. I want people to come on my show and score.” |
[A clinical approach to diagnosing diabetes].
The diagnosis of diabetes does not exist as such. Diabetes is a biological symptom with diverse and numerous aetiologies. A high quality clinical approach comprises questioning and a clinical examination resulting in a diagnosis of type 1 or type 2 diabetes, or atypical diabetes. Subsequent treatment and therapeutic education are put in place depending on this diagnosis.The care pathway must therefore respect a certain order and approach in order to ensure its quality. |
Q:
How to check if 2 elements displayed on the same row?
Assuming I have 2 elements on a responsive design like this:
<div id="container">
<div class="first"></div>
<div class="second"></div>
</div>
both of them with style contains:
width: auto;
display: inline-block;
float: left;
And because I'm expecting different screen sizes to view page, so, according to screen size, sometimes they will be rendered/displayed on the same row, and sometimes they will not!, the second DIV will be moved to a separate row.
So, I'm wondering, how can I check if they are on the same line with JavaScript?
Thank you
A:
"on the same line" would require inline elements or floating block elements of the exact same height. DIVs are block elements by default. So either use <span> tags instead of <div>, or add display: inline-block;to the CSS rule of those DIVs
ADDITION after EDIT OF QUESTION:
width: auto for a <div> means 100% of the parent element (in this case full width). As I wrote: If you have blocks, use display: inline-block; in their CSS. If you want them to have the same height, put them into a common container DIV (which you already have) and apply the following CSS:
#container {
display: table;
}
.first, .second {
display: table-cell;
width: 50%;
}
Aha (edited question), Javascript: Well, read out the DIV widths, add them and compare the result to the (read-out) container width.
|
The Office of the Inspector General (OIG) was unable to recover text messages from the iPhones of FBI lovebirds Peter Strzok and Lisa Page from their time on the special counsel team because the records officer scrubbed them, a new report from the DOJ watchdog reveals.
Regarding Strzok’s iPhone, investigators were told that it “had been reset to factory settings and was reconfigured for the new user to whom the device was issued.”
The special counsel’s records officer said that she had “determined it did not contain records that needed to be retained.” She wrote in her records log, “No substantive texts, notes or reminders,” the report states.
In a phone call, Page told the special counsel’s office (SCO) after she left the team that she left her government-issued iPhone and laptop on a bookshelf at the office. The SCO located the laptop, but when the OIG asked for the iPhone on January 24, 2018, the SCO could not locate it.
It was finally located in early September 2018 and the OIG took custody at that time. The report states that on July 31, 2017, two weeks after Page left the special counsel, her iPhone was also wiped and restored to factory settings.
It was not reissued to anyone else within the agency and no one within the special counsel’s office or the Justice Management Division of the agency had any records as to who handled Page’s device or who reset it, according to the report.
“Office of the Deputy Attorney General told the OIG that the Department routinely resets mobile devices to factory settings when the device is returned from a user to enable that device to be issued to another user in the future,” the report states.
The OIG on Thursday released this information in an 11-page report titled, “Recovery of Text Messages on Certain iPhone Devices.”
The report also states that a “technical glitch” caused a swath of text messages between anti-Trump ex-FBI officials Strzok and Page to disappear.
The DOJ’s Inspector General (IG) said that, with help from the Department of Defense, it was able to uncover thousands of missing text messages written by Strzok and Page and sent using their FBI-issued Samsung phones from December 15, 2016 through May 17, 2017, “as well as hundreds of other text messages outside the gap time period that had not been produced by the FBI due to technical problems with its text message collection tool.”
The OIG was able to recover more than 19,000 texts between the two, but did not include the contents of the texts in the report.
Strzok was removed from Mueller’s team in late July 2017 after the FBI discovered he had been sending politically charged anti-Trump text messages — including several to Page, with whom he was engaged in an extramarital affair. In one text message that was not initially turned over by the FBI to the IG — but which was recovered by the watchdog after it conducted its own independent in-depth forensics analysis — Strzok assured Page that Trump would not become president because “We’ll stop” it from happening. (The FBI was, however, able to produce Page’s question to Strzok just hours earlier about whether Trump would be elected.) Strzok was fired from the FBI entirely in August 2018.
In its response to the IG’s report, the FBI acknowledged that “text message collection failure, and rate of collection failure, has been an issue the FBI has worked to understand and correct since its identification in 2014.”
“During calendar year 2017, the FBI phased out use of the Samsung Galaxy S5 devices by its employees and replaced them with Samsung Galaxy S7 devices because of software and other issues that prevented the data collection tool from reliably capturing text messages sent and received via FBI issued Samsung Galaxy SS mobile devices,” the OIG wrote.
The OIG could have chosen any text, but chose to highlight a particularly egregious Strzok-Page text to explain the purported tech problem in the FBl’s collection program. The report said that the FBI “had collected (and therefore produced to the OIG) the text message on August 8, 2016, from Page to Strzok that stated, ‘He’s not ever going to become president, right? Right?!'”
But the FBI text message collection program did not collect Strzok’s response later in the day, which stated, “No. No he’s not. We’ll stop it.”
“It was only through the enterprise.db extraction that the OIG obtained this Strzok text message,” the IG explained.
https://youtu.be/TXwn1PEpnBs |
Saturday, October 31, 2009
If You Want to be Happy for the Rest of Your Life
"You can thank your parents—in part—for how happy you are; roughly half of human happiness is genetically determined. Another 10 percent comes from your life circumstances, like how happy you are with where you live. But because people quickly adapt to changes, swapping Midwest winters for West Coast warmth, say, won't lead to a lasting boost in life satisfaction, according to longtime happiness researcher Sonja Lyubomirsky, a professor of psychology at the University of California-Riverside. What can give us a lasting boost is how we think and behave, she says: About 40 percent of our happiness is under our conscious control...." |
/*
File: vBigNum.h
Contains: Algebraic and logical operations on large operands.
Version: QuickTime 7.1
Copyright: © 2006 © 1999-2001 by Apple Computer, Inc., all rights reserved.
Bugs?: For bug reports, consult the following page on
the World Wide Web:
http://developer.apple.com/bugreporter/
*/
#ifndef __VBIGNUM__
#define __VBIGNUM__
#ifndef __CONDITIONALMACROS__
#include <ConditionalMacros.h>
#endif
#if PRAGMA_ONCE
#pragma once
#endif
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
#if PRAGMA_IMPORT
#pragma import on
#endif
#if PRAGMA_STRUCT_ALIGN
#pragma options align=mac68k
#elif PRAGMA_STRUCT_PACKPUSH
#pragma pack(push, 2)
#elif PRAGMA_STRUCT_PACK
#pragma pack(2)
#endif
#ifdef __VEC__
/************************************************************************************
* *
* This library provides a set of subroutines for basic algebraic and some logical *
* operations performed on operands with the following sizes: *
* *
* 128 - bits *
* 256 - bits *
* 512 - bits *
* 1024 - bits *
* *
* Following basic and algebraic operations are included: *
* *
* Addition *
* Subtraction *
* Multiplication *
* Division *
* Mod *
* Shift Right *
* Shift Right Arithmatic *
* Shift Left *
* Rotate Right *
* Rotate Left *
* *
* *
************************************************************************************/
/***********************************************************************************
* Following abbreviations are used in the names of functions in this library: *
* *
* v Vector *
* U Unsigned *
* S Signed *
* 128 128 - bit *
* 256 256 - bit *
* 512 512 - bit *
* 1024 1024 - bit *
* Add Addition, modular arithmetic *
* AddS Addition with Saturation *
* Sub Subtraction, modular arithmetic *
* SubS Subtraction with Saturation *
* Multiply Multiplication *
* Divide Division *
* Half Half (multiplication, width of result is the same as width of *
* operands) *
* Full Full (multiplication, width of result is twice width of each *
* operand) *
* *
* Mod Modular operation *
* Neg Negate a number *
* A Algebraic *
* LL Logical Left *
* LR Logical Right *
* Shift Shift *
* Rotate Rotation *
* *
***********************************************************************************/
/************************************************************************************
* *
* A few explanations for the choices made in naming, passing arguments, and *
* various functions. *
* *
* 1) Names for the functions are made compatible with the names used in the *
* vBasicOps library. The format of the names are the same and include a *
* designation to show a vector operation, then a symbol for the type of data *
* (signed or unsigned), followed by the size of operands, then the operation *
* performed. *
* *
* 2) Note that the logical and arithmetic shiftLeft operation are the same. *
* *
* 3) Rotate operation is performed on unsigned and signed numbers. *
* *
************************************************************************************/
/************************************************************************************
* *
* Following are a set of structures for vector data types and scalar data types *
* *
************************************************************************************/
union vU128 {
vector unsigned int v;
struct {
unsigned long MSW;
unsigned long d2;
unsigned long d3;
unsigned long LSW;
} s;
};
typedef union vU128 vU128;
union vS128 {
vector unsigned int v;
struct {
signed long MSW;
unsigned long d2;
unsigned long d3;
unsigned long LSW;
} s;
};
typedef union vS128 vS128;
union vU256 {
vector unsigned int v[2];
struct {
unsigned long MSW;
unsigned long d2;
unsigned long d3;
unsigned long d4;
unsigned long d5;
unsigned long d6;
unsigned long d7;
unsigned long LSW;
} s;
};
typedef union vU256 vU256;
union vS256 {
vector unsigned int v[2];
struct {
signed long MSW;
unsigned long d2;
unsigned long d3;
unsigned long d4;
unsigned long d5;
unsigned long d6;
unsigned long d7;
unsigned long LSW;
} s;
};
typedef union vS256 vS256;
union vU512 {
vector unsigned int v[4];
struct {
unsigned long MSB;
unsigned long d2;
unsigned long d3;
unsigned long d4;
unsigned long d5;
unsigned long d6;
unsigned long d7;
unsigned long d8;
unsigned long d9;
unsigned long d10;
unsigned long d11;
unsigned long d12;
unsigned long d13;
unsigned long d14;
unsigned long d15;
unsigned long LSB;
} s;
};
typedef union vU512 vU512;
union vS512 {
vector unsigned int v[4];
struct {
signed long MSW;
unsigned long d2;
unsigned long d3;
unsigned long d4;
unsigned long d5;
unsigned long d6;
unsigned long d7;
unsigned long d8;
unsigned long d9;
unsigned long d10;
unsigned long d11;
unsigned long d12;
unsigned long d13;
unsigned long d14;
unsigned long d15;
unsigned long LSW;
} s;
};
typedef union vS512 vS512;
union vU1024 {
vector unsigned int v[8];
struct {
unsigned long MSW;
unsigned long d2;
unsigned long d3;
unsigned long d4;
unsigned long d5;
unsigned long d6;
unsigned long d7;
unsigned long d8;
unsigned long d9;
unsigned long d10;
unsigned long d11;
unsigned long d12;
unsigned long d13;
unsigned long d14;
unsigned long d15;
unsigned long d16;
unsigned long d17;
unsigned long d18;
unsigned long d19;
unsigned long d20;
unsigned long d21;
unsigned long d22;
unsigned long d23;
unsigned long d24;
unsigned long d25;
unsigned long d26;
unsigned long d27;
unsigned long d28;
unsigned long d29;
unsigned long d30;
unsigned long d31;
unsigned long LSW;
} s;
};
typedef union vU1024 vU1024;
union vS1024 {
vector unsigned int v[8];
struct {
signed long MSW;
unsigned long d2;
unsigned long d3;
unsigned long d4;
unsigned long d5;
unsigned long d6;
unsigned long d7;
unsigned long d8;
unsigned long d9;
unsigned long d10;
unsigned long d11;
unsigned long d12;
unsigned long d13;
unsigned long d14;
unsigned long d15;
unsigned long d16;
unsigned long d17;
unsigned long d18;
unsigned long d19;
unsigned long d20;
unsigned long d21;
unsigned long d22;
unsigned long d23;
unsigned long d24;
unsigned long d25;
unsigned long d26;
unsigned long d27;
unsigned long d28;
unsigned long d29;
unsigned long d30;
unsigned long d31;
unsigned long LSW;
} s;
};
typedef union vS1024 vS1024;
/************************************************************************************
* *
* Division operations *
* *
************************************************************************************/
/*
* vU256Divide()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU256Divide(
const vU256 * numerator,
const vU256 * divisor,
vU256 * result,
vU256 * remainder);
/*
* vS256Divide()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS256Divide(
const vS256 * numerator,
const vS256 * divisor,
vS256 * result,
vS256 * remainder);
/*
* vU512Divide()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU512Divide(
const vU512 * numerator,
const vU512 * divisor,
vU512 * result,
vU512 * remainder);
/*
* vS512Divide()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS512Divide(
const vS512 * numerator,
const vS512 * divisor,
vS512 * result,
vS512 * remainder);
/*
* vU1024Divide()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU1024Divide(
const vU1024 * numerator,
const vU1024 * divisor,
vU1024 * result,
vU1024 * remainder);
/*
* vS1024Divide()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS1024Divide(
const vS1024 * numerator,
const vS1024 * divisor,
vS1024 * result,
vS1024 * remainder);
/************************************************************************************
* *
* Multiply operations *
* *
************************************************************************************/
/*
* vU128FullMultiply()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU128FullMultiply(
const vU128 * a,
const vU128 * b,
vU256 * result);
/*
* vS128FullMultiply()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS128FullMultiply(
const vS128 * a,
const vS128 * b,
vS256 * result);
/*
* vU256FullMultiply()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU256FullMultiply(
const vU256 * a,
const vU256 * b,
vU512 * result);
/*
* vS256FullMultiply()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS256FullMultiply(
const vS256 * a,
const vS256 * b,
vS512 * result);
/*
* vU512FullMultiply()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU512FullMultiply(
const vU512 * a,
const vU512 * b,
vU1024 * result);
/*
* vS512FullMultiply()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS512FullMultiply(
const vS512 * a,
const vS512 * b,
vS1024 * result);
/*
* vU256HalfMultiply()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU256HalfMultiply(
const vU256 * a,
const vU256 * b,
vU256 * result);
/*
* vS256HalfMultiply()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS256HalfMultiply(
const vS256 * a,
const vS256 * b,
vS256 * result);
/*
* vU512HalfMultiply()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU512HalfMultiply(
const vU512 * a,
const vU512 * b,
vU512 * result);
/*
* vS512HalfMultiply()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS512HalfMultiply(
const vS512 * a,
const vS512 * b,
vS512 * result);
/*
* vU1024HalfMultiply()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU1024HalfMultiply(
const vU1024 * a,
const vU1024 * b,
vU1024 * result);
/*
* vS1024HalfMultiply()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS1024HalfMultiply(
const vS1024 * a,
const vS1024 * b,
vS1024 * result);
/************************************************************************************
* *
* Subtraction operations *
* *
************************************************************************************/
/*
* vU256Sub()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU256Sub(
const vU256 * a,
const vU256 * b,
vU256 * result);
/*
* vS256Sub()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS256Sub(
const vS256 * a,
const vS256 * b,
vS256 * result);
/*
* vU256SubS()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU256SubS(
const vU256 * a,
const vU256 * b,
vU256 * result);
/*
* vS256SubS()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS256SubS(
const vS256 * a,
const vS256 * b,
vS256 * result);
/*
* vU512Sub()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU512Sub(
const vU512 * a,
const vU512 * b,
vU512 * result);
/*
* vS512Sub()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS512Sub(
const vS512 * a,
const vS512 * b,
vS512 * result);
/*
* vU512SubS()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU512SubS(
const vU512 * a,
const vU512 * b,
vU512 * result);
/*
* vS512SubS()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS512SubS(
const vS512 * a,
const vS512 * b,
vS512 * result);
/*
* vU1024Sub()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU1024Sub(
const vU1024 * a,
const vU1024 * b,
vU1024 * result);
/*
* vS1024Sub()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS1024Sub(
const vS1024 * a,
const vS1024 * b,
vS1024 * result);
/*
* vU1024SubS()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU1024SubS(
const vU1024 * a,
const vU1024 * b,
vU1024 * result);
/*
* vS1024SubS()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS1024SubS(
const vS1024 * a,
const vS1024 * b,
vS1024 * result);
/************************************************************************************
* *
* Negate operations *
* *
************************************************************************************/
/*
* vU256Neg()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU256Neg(
const vU256 * a,
vU256 * result);
/*
* vS256Neg()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS256Neg(
const vS256 * a,
vS256 * result);
/*
* vU512Neg()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU512Neg(
const vU512 * a,
vU512 * result);
/*
* vS512Neg()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS512Neg(
const vS512 * a,
vS512 * result);
/*
* vU1024Neg()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU1024Neg(
const vU1024 * a,
vU1024 * result);
/*
* vS1024Neg()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS1024Neg(
const vS1024 * a,
vS1024 * result);
/************************************************************************************
* *
* Addition operations *
* *
************************************************************************************/
/*
* vU256Add()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU256Add(
const vU256 * a,
const vU256 * b,
vU256 * result);
/*
* vS256Add()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS256Add(
const vS256 * a,
const vS256 * b,
vS256 * result);
/*
* vU256AddS()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU256AddS(
const vU256 * a,
const vU256 * b,
vU256 * result);
/*
* vS256AddS()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS256AddS(
const vS256 * a,
const vS256 * b,
vS256 * result);
/*
* vU512Add()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU512Add(
const vU512 * a,
const vU512 * b,
vU512 * result);
/*
* vS512Add()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS512Add(
const vS512 * a,
const vS512 * b,
vS512 * result);
/*
* vU512AddS()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU512AddS(
const vU512 * a,
const vU512 * b,
vU512 * result);
/*
* vS512AddS()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS512AddS(
const vS512 * a,
const vS512 * b,
vS512 * result);
/*
* vU1024Add()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU1024Add(
const vU1024 * a,
const vU1024 * b,
vU1024 * result);
/*
* vS1024Add()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS1024Add(
const vS1024 * a,
const vS1024 * b,
vS1024 * result);
/*
* vU1024AddS()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU1024AddS(
const vU1024 * a,
const vU1024 * b,
vU1024 * result);
/*
* vS1024AddS()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS1024AddS(
const vS1024 * a,
const vS1024 * b,
vS1024 * result);
/************************************************************************************
* *
* Mod operations *
* *
************************************************************************************/
/*
* vU256Mod()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU256Mod(
const vU256 * numerator,
const vU256 * divisor,
vU256 * remainder);
/*
* vS256Mod()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS256Mod(
const vS256 * numerator,
const vS256 * divisor,
vS256 * remainder);
/*
* vU512Mod()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU512Mod(
const vU512 * numerator,
const vU512 * divisor,
vU512 * remainder);
/*
* vS512Mod()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS512Mod(
const vS512 * numerator,
const vS512 * divisor,
vS512 * remainder);
/*
* vU1024Mod()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vU1024Mod(
const vU1024 * numerator,
const vU1024 * divisor,
vU1024 * remainder);
/*
* vS1024Mod()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vS1024Mod(
const vS1024 * numerator,
const vS1024 * divisor,
vS1024 * remainder);
/************************************************************************************
* *
* Shift operations *
* *
************************************************************************************/
/*
* vLL256Shift()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vLL256Shift(
const vU256 * a,
unsigned long shiftAmount,
vU256 * result);
/*
* vLL512Shift()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vLL512Shift(
const vU512 * a,
unsigned long shiftAmount,
vU512 * result);
/*
* vLL1024Shift()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vLL1024Shift(
const vU1024 * a,
unsigned long shiftAmount,
vU1024 * result);
/*
* vLR256Shift()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vLR256Shift(
const vU256 * a,
unsigned long shiftAmount,
vU256 * result);
/*
* vLR512Shift()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vLR512Shift(
const vU512 * a,
unsigned long shiftAmount,
vU512 * result);
/*
* vLR1024Shift()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vLR1024Shift(
const vU1024 * a,
unsigned long shiftAmount,
vU1024 * result);
/*
* vA256Shift()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vA256Shift(
const vS256 * a,
unsigned long shiftAmount,
vS256 * result);
/*
* vA512Shift()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vA512Shift(
const vS512 * a,
unsigned long shiftAmount,
vS512 * result);
/*
* vA1024Shift()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vA1024Shift(
const vS1024 * a,
unsigned long shiftAmount,
vS1024 * result);
/************************************************************************************
* *
* Rotate operations *
* *
************************************************************************************/
/*
* vL256Rotate()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vL256Rotate(
const vU256 * a,
unsigned long rotateAmount,
vU256 * result);
/*
* vL512Rotate()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vL512Rotate(
const vU512 * a,
unsigned long rotateAmount,
vU512 * result);
/*
* vL1024Rotate()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vL1024Rotate(
const vU1024 * a,
unsigned long rotateAmount,
vU1024 * result);
/*
* vR256Rotate()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vR256Rotate(
const vU256 * a,
unsigned long rotateAmount,
vU256 * result);
/*
* vR512Rotate()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vR512Rotate(
const vU512 * a,
unsigned long rotateAmount,
vU512 * result);
/*
* vR1024Rotate()
*
* Availability:
* Non-Carbon CFM: in vecLib 1.0 and later
* CarbonLib: not in Carbon, but vecLib is compatible with CarbonLib
* Mac OS X: in version 10.0 and later
*/
EXTERN_API_C( void )
vR1024Rotate(
const vU1024 * a,
unsigned long rotateAmount,
vU1024 * result);
#endif /* defined(__VEC__) */
#if PRAGMA_STRUCT_ALIGN
#pragma options align=reset
#elif PRAGMA_STRUCT_PACKPUSH
#pragma pack(pop)
#elif PRAGMA_STRUCT_PACK
#pragma pack()
#endif
#ifdef PRAGMA_IMPORT_OFF
#pragma import off
#elif PRAGMA_IMPORT
#pragma import reset
#endif
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif /* __VBIGNUM__ */
|
Q:
Accretion disc and infrared emission
Recently I have been reading on accretion disc and came across a web site talking about methods of detecting the disc around young form stars and one of the methods is by the infrared excess that is being emitted by the formation of the young star.
But how is this infrared emission being created itself? I was thinking that, it was due to the circumstellar dust, which is causing extinction, which is reducing the light that actually being formed, is this correct?
Also is the accretion disc itself how stars are formed, or are there other use to accretion disc, for example are the around a black hole, and is there a situation where a accretion disc fails to form a star.
A:
The infrared light is primarily blackbody emission from the dust in the accretion disk. The dust is heated by light from the protostar, but since most of the dust is relatively far away, it doesn't get very hot.
Dust is effective at extincting optical light, but at the wavelengths we're talking about (e.g., 10 microns or even longer wavelengths), dust is essentially transparent.
Accretion disks are very common: they can form around young stars, around compact objects (white dwarfs, neutron stars, black holes) in binary systems, and around supermassive black holes in galaxy centers. Around young stars, the accretion disk is material that hasn't made its way into the young star, but is orbiting it: you can't really have an accretion disk without a central object for the disk material to orbit around.
|
Rabbis Ellenson and Panken to Address URJ Biennial and WRJ Assembly
Rabbi David Ellenson, Ph.D., President, and Rabbi Aaron D. Panken, Ph.D., President-Elect will be addressing plenary sessions at the URJ Biennial and WRJ Assembly this week. Live streaming video of these events will be available at http://urjbiennial.zerista.com JLTV will be covering the URJ Biennial plenary sessions; please check local listings.
Rabbi Ellenson will be honored and Rabbi Panken will be introduced at the WRJ YES Fund Breakfast on Friday, December 13 at 8 am (PST), 10 am (CST), 11 am (EST).
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Founded in 1875, Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion is North America's leading institution of higher Jewish education and the academic, spiritual, and professional leadership development center of Reform Judaism. HUC-JIR educates men and women for service to North American and world Jewry as rabbis, cantors, educators, and nonprofit management professionals, and offers graduate programs to scholars and clergy of all faiths. With centers of learning in Cincinnati, Jerusalem, Los Angeles, and New York, HUC-JIR's scholarly resources comprise the renowned Klau Library, The Jacob Rader Marcus Center of the American Jewish Archives, museums, research institutes and centers, and academic publications. In partnership with the Union for Reform Judaism and the Central Conference of American Rabbis, HUC-JIR sustains the Reform Movement's congregations and professional and lay leaders. HUC-JIR's campuses invite the community to cultural and educational programs illuminating Jewish heritage and fostering interfaith and multiethnic understanding. www.huc.edu
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The HUC-JIR website is supported, in part, by the Jim Joseph Foundation, the Jewish Foundation of Cincinnati, the Golden Family Foundation, and the Irma L. and Abram S. Croll Center for Jewish Learning and Culture. |
During the Democratic National Convention in July, Hillary Clinton and President Barack Obama ignited a fierce debate among liberals about how best to campaign against Donald Trump and the GOP in the fall campaign. In their respective primetime speeches, Obama and Clinton were at pains to distinguish Trump’s menacing authoritarianism from the headier traditions of Republicanism and conservative thought.
“Look, we Democrats have always had plenty of differences with the Republican Party, and there’s nothing wrong with that. It’s precisely this contest of idea that pushes our country forward,” Obama said. “But what we heard in Cleveland last week wasn’t particularly Republican—and it sure wasn’t conservative.”
“He’s taken the Republican Party a long way ... from ‘Morning in America’ to ‘Midnight in America,’” Clinton said one night later.
The goal was quite explicitly to reach Republican voters horrified by Trump but uneasy about supporting a Democrat, and lower a ladder for them. By creating a temporary alliance with anti-Trump Republicans, they could put together a maximal coalition, to combat a maximal threat.
That never really came to pass. Trump has shed support among college-educated whites, but in the weeks after the convention the race tightened much more than Clinton expected, and the mass GOP defections she hoped for didn’t materialize. Until, of course, the emergence on Friday of a horrifying videotape in which Trump brags about committing sexual assault with impunity. Suddenly, dozens of Republicans understand the value of creating distance between themselves and Trump. The problem for them is that just as they’ve decided they want as little to do with Trump as possible, Clinton and her allies have decided to pull up the ladder and leave them stranded. |
Salmon is first transgenic animal to win US approval for food
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AquAdvantage salmon grow to full size in 18 months, rather than the usual 3 years.
A fast-growing salmon has become the first genetically engineered animal to be approved for human consumption in the United States.
The decision, issued by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on 19 November, releases the salmon from two decades of regulatory limbo. The move was met with swift opposition from some environmental and food-safety groups.
But for advocates of the technology, the decision comes as a relief after a long and vexing wait. They say that it could spur the development of other genetically engineered animals. “It opens up the possibility of harnessing this technology,” says Alison Van Eenennaam, an animal geneticist at the University of California, Davis. “The regulatory roadblock had really been disincentivizing the world from using it.”
The genetically modified fish, called ‘AquAdvantage' salmon, were engineered by AquaBounty Technologies of Maynard, Massachusetts, to express higher levels of a growth hormone than wild salmon. The fish grow to full size in 18 months rather than 3 years.
According to proponents of the technology, these modifications mean that the fish require smaller amounts of food and other resources per kilogram of harvested fish, and that the modified salmon could ease pressure caused by heavy fishing of wild populations.
Upstream battles
Opponents fear that engineered fish could escape from their farms and might alter natural ecosystems. They also criticize the lack of a requirement that the meat be labelled as genetically engineered.
“Huge numbers of people have said, ‘Yes, we want it labelled,’” says Jaydee Hanson, a senior policy analyst at the Center for Food Safety, an environmental-advocacy group in Washington DC. “If this is such a good product, the company itself should be saying it will label it.”
The FDA completed its food-safety assessment in 2010, and released its environmental-impact statement at the end of 2012. The long delay between the completion of those steps and a final decision led to rumours of political interference. But Laura Epstein, a senior policy analyst for the FDA’s Center for Veterinary Medicine, says that the approval took so long because it was the first of its kind. “With most products that are the first of its kind, we are very careful,” she says. The agency also had to wade through many public comments before it could issue a decision, she adds.
The FDA declined to comment on whether other applications for approval are in the regulatory pipeline. It is also unclear how the agency will handle animals that are genetically engineered using newer genome-editing technologies such as CRISPR, Van Eenennaam says.
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Heidi Ledford
Heidi writes about biology and medicine, and has a PhD from the University of California, Berkeley. Heidi has written for The Oregonian, edited for the Berkeley Science Review, and freelanced for a few other publications. |
The reliability of patient-reported pregnancy outcome data.
Pregnancy and neonatal outcome information is frequently used in disease management to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of prenatal interventions and for other research and reporting activities. The purpose of this study was to determine if a telephone interview process is a reliable methodology for collecting pregnancy outcomes. High-risk patients from a large maternal-fetal medicine practice who received outpatient preterm labor management services from January 1996 to June 2001 were identified. Patient-reported pregnancy outcome data for 285 mothers and 478 infants were collected via a telephone interview by a perinatal nurse and compared to pregnancy outcome data abstracted from the maternal and infant hospital records. Overall, concordance and/or Kappa coefficients between maternal report and the medical record were high for delivery date (96.4%), birth weight within 100 grams (88.9%), Cesarean delivery (99.0%, Kappa = 0.98), and high-level nursery admission (91.2%, Kappa = 0.82). Both singleton and multiple gestation types accurately reported pregnancy outcome information. A telephone interview with a skilled nurse can be a reliable methodology for collection of valuable clinical and research data related to pregnancy outcome. Data collected in this manner and maintained in a database may be used with a high level of confidence by health care providers, payers, and researchers. |
Korn It's Me Again Lyrics
I fuck it to watch it bleed
I kick it to make it scream
I am the alternate choice to some straight life of mercy
You see beauty, I see pain
You see sky and I see acid rain
It's me again, it's me again (it's me again)(x3)
It's me again
I rip your throat out on a whim
Yes it's me again
I only ask for everything
Yes it's me again
I squeeze it to feel it breathe
I smash it to fuel this need
I am the antidote for
whatever sickness you feed
You see beauty, I see pain
You see sky and I see acid rain
It's me again, it's me again (it's me again)(x3)
It's me again
Little Ms. Fucker don't move an inch
Ya'll dumb suckers can't take the heat
Your blood rushing from head to feet
This is what I stand for
all your choices thats done to man
All you fuckers know who I am
I'm the living proof that you can
Turn around and say "it's me again"
It's me again |
Endocervical involvement in endometrial adenocarcinoma is not prognostically significant and the pathologic assessment of the pattern of involvement is not reproducible.
Since 1988, cervical gland involvement and stromal invasion defined stage IIA and stage IIB endometrial carcinoma. In 2009, FIGO changed the criteria for stage II disease to include only those with cervical stromal invasion. We wished to: 1) assess the reproducibility of pathologists to distinguish patterns of cervical spread, and 2) determine the prognostic significance of cervical involvement. Slides from 46 women with cervical involvement by endometrial adenocarcinoma were scored for 5 patterns of involvement by 6 experienced pathologists to determine reproducibility. To assess prognostic significance, 206 patients with FIGO 1988 stage II adenocarcinoma formed the study population with matched FIGO stage I controls. At least 5 of the 6 pathologists agreed that the cervix was involved in the 46 cases. The reproducibility for cervical gland involvement and endocervical stromal invasion was slight (kappas of 0.15 and 0.28). The survival with any type of cervical involvement was not significantly different from that of matched stage I controls (p=0.18). The 5year recurrence-free survival rates were 84% for FIGO 1988 stage I, 73% for stage IIA, and 82% for stage IIB (FIGO 2009 stage II). Pathologists reliably recognize cervical involvement by endometrial carcinoma. However, reproducibility for the determination of pattern of cervical spread by experienced pathologists is too low to be of clinical utility. Women with spread of carcinoma to the cervix do not have a significantly lower survival than matched stage I controls. Cervical spread should not be the basis for determination of stage II disease. |
1. Field of the Invention
The invention disclosed herein relates generally to scooter assemblies, including electric scooter assemblies.
2. Description of the Related Art
Many types of scooters exist, including electric scooters having a deck for supporting a user in a standing position and a handlebar for allowing the user to control and steer the scooter. Providing powered movement for a vehicle, such as scooters and other vehicles powered by an electric motor, can also be used to improve the user experience. A need exists for improved electric scooters or at least new designs to provide the consumer with a useful choice. |
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Parental Notification
The University of Illinois at Springfield is committed to providing a safe campus environment that enhances student learning and development.
The campus acknowledges the important role of parents in supporting and facilitating their son’s or daughter’s success in college.
In accordance with federal law, the UIS administration may notify a student’s parents of the student’s violation of federal, state, or local law, or of any rule or policy of the University regarding the use or possession of alcohol or a controlled substance, if the student is under age 21 at the time of the notification and if UIS has determined that the student has committed a disciplinary violation.
The decision to give parental notification will be based on factors such as the student’s prior judicial history, the severity of the alleged incident, and other relevant circumstances. |
ATLANTA, Georgia (CNN) -- There are more new cases of Americans infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, than previously believed, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said Saturday.
A woman uses the Oraquick rapid HIV testing device at a New York health clinic in 2006.
About 56,000 people became infected with HIV in the past year, which translates to about 40 percent more cases than officials had estimated, said Dr. Kevin Fenton, director of the CDC's National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD and TB Prevention.
Previous CDC estimates suggested about 40,000 new people were infected each year. But those estimates used "limited data and less precise methods," said the center, which is now using technology capable of determining when someone was infected.
The new method can indicate whether someone has been infected with HIV during the previous five months, rather than relying on statistical models.
Diagnosis of HIV can occur years after infection, he said.
"The fact that 56,000 Americans each year are contracting HIV for the first time is a wake-up call for all of us in the U.S.," Fenton said. iReport.com: Are you living with HIV infection? Share your story
"These numbers are a scathing indictment of how profoundly U.S. and CDC HIV prevention efforts have failed," said Michael Weinstein, president of AIDS Healthcare Foundation, which calls itself "the nation's largest provider of HIV/AIDS medical care."
Weinstein called on the United States to appropriate $200 million for the testing of 10 million people over the next three years.
"Identifying all those who are infected and linking them to treatment is the only way to break the chain of new infections and begin to address the nation's runaway epidemic," he said.
In the United States, more than 1 million people are living with HIV, and about one-fourth of them are unaware they have the virus, the CDC said. See a breakdown of HIV cases in the U.S. »
According to the report, 53 percent of new HIV infections occur in homosexual or bisexual men. African-Americans account for 45 percent, or 25,000 new cases annually, meaning they are seven times more likely to contract HIV than whites.
In Washington, D.C., 80 percent of people living with HIV are African-American, according to Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the National Institutes of Health. Watch more on the new AIDS numbers »
On Tuesday, the California-based think tank Black AIDS Institute released a report that suggests that the AIDS epidemic among African-Americans in parts of the United States is as severe as it is in parts of Africa.
Health Library MayoClinic.com: HIV/AIDS
If African-Americans made up their own country, it would rank 16th globally in the number of people living with HIV, said Black AIDS Institute founder Phill Wilson.
The number of people newly infected has remained relatively stable since the late 1990s, and the more accurate estimate does not change that, the CDC said.
Wilson said the numbers were especially startling considering that the United States lacked the infrastructure to handle 40,000 new HIV cases each year.
Now, with the numbers as high as 56,000 a year, it's even worse, he said.
"We do not have a national AIDS strategy," said Wilson, suggesting that the new numbers should translate into a "national call to action."
Fenton acknowledged more needs to be done, but said the CDC was bound to operate within "the president's budget."
Ideally, he said, a response to the epidemic would include more investment in prevention efforts. The CDC will work with the Department of Health and Human Services, along with other public and private organizations, to "add to the federal pot," he said.
"Every year, more than 15,000 people are dying from this disease, and AIDS is a major killer for some of our minority communities," he said.
"The key thing we have to focus on now is what, how and when do we begin to enhance the prevention responses to end this epidemic."
Fenton and Wilson said removing stigma and discrimination are necessary first steps. People need to be educated about how they can prevent infection and, if they do get HIV, how they can get tested and treated as soon as possible.
Since the mid-1990s, antiretroviral therapies have turned HIV and AIDS into more of a chronic illness rather than a death sentence. Until a vaccine is developed, getting infected people on antiretrovirals as early as possible would improve their long-term outcome.
The new data is scheduled for publication in the peer-reviewed Journal of the American Medical Association. The report's release is meant to coincide with the opening Sunday of the the biannual International AIDS Conference in Mexico City, Mexico.
All About HIV and AIDS • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an apparatus for brewing a beverage.
2. Description of the Related Art
A typical siphon coffee maker brews coffee using two chambers where vapor pressure and vacuum produce coffee. There have been many variations of this type of coffee maker, also known as vacuum pot coffee maker, siphon coffee maker and vacuum coffee maker. Similar systems can be used for brewing other liquids by extraction into hot liquid.
U.S. Pat. No. 7,673,555 discloses a machine for brewing a beverage that uses a mechanically operated plunger to force a brewed beverage through filter for dispensing. The plunger moves in an upward direction, forcing the beverage, which is in a closed volume, through check valves in the plunger and to a volume below the plunger for dispensing to a user. Drawbacks to this type of machine include added costs for the mechanically operated plunger, as well as the potential for the plunger to jam, thereby rendering the machine useless. |
/**********************************************************************
* $Id: spatialIndex.h 1820 2006-09-06 16:54:23Z mloskot $
*
* GEOS - Geometry Engine Open Source
* http://geos.refractions.net
*
* Copyright (C) 2006 Refractions Research Inc.
* Copyright (C) 2001-2002 Vivid Solutions Inc.
*
* This is free software; you can redistribute and/or modify it under
* the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public Licence as published
* by the Free Software Foundation.
* See the COPYING file for more information.
*
**********************************************************************/
#ifndef GEOS_INDEX_H
#define GEOS_INDEX_H
namespace geos {
/// Provides classes for various kinds of spatial indexes.
namespace index {
} // namespace geos.index
} // namespace geos
#include <geos/index/SpatialIndex.h>
#include <geos/index/ItemVisitor.h>
#endif // GEOS_INDEX_H
/**********************************************************************
* $Log$
* Revision 1.9 2006/03/20 16:57:43 strk
* spatialindex.h and opValid.h headers split
*
**********************************************************************/
|
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
The remediation of soils polluted by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) represents a major environmental challenge due to the worldwide spread of contaminated sites \[[@pone.0221253.ref001]--[@pone.0221253.ref005]\]. This family of xenobiotics presents high persistence in the environment, bioaccumulation through the food web and toxic effects on human being \[[@pone.0221253.ref006], [@pone.0221253.ref007]\]. The site "SIN (Site of National Priority) Brescia-Caffaro", located in northern Italy (45° 32' 8 N; 10° 12' 52 E) and originated by the activity of the Caffaro PCB producing plant, includes more than 100 ha of former agricultural soils heavily polluted by metals and persistent chlorinated organic pollutants, with a prevalence of PCBs that often exceed both the residential (0.001 mg/Kg) and the industrial (5 mg/Kg) law limits \[[@pone.0221253.ref004], [@pone.0221253.ref008], [@pone.0221253.ref009]\]. Because of the high economic and environmental constrains, physical and chemical treatments are often not applicable to clean-up PCB-polluted sites presenting extended contaminations such as the SIN Brescia-Caffaro, so there is the necessity to develop low-cost strategies that can mitigate the xenobiotic concentration at the same time preserving the soil functionality \[[@pone.0221253.ref010]--[@pone.0221253.ref012]\]. In this context, rhizoremediation represents an *in situ* sustainable technology for the remediation of soil contaminated by PCBs, based on the use of plants to stimulate the soil degrading bacterial community \[[@pone.0221253.ref013]--[@pone.0221253.ref015]\].
Root exudates represent indeed an easily accessible carbon source for the soil microorganisms, potentially enhancing their metabolic activity in the rhizosphere. Rhizodeposits, moreover, can contain plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) that foster the bacterial ability to degrade PCBs through co-metabolism, and/or acting as biosurfactants increasing PCB bioavailability \[[@pone.0221253.ref016]--[@pone.0221253.ref019]\]. The efficiency of the rhizoremediation process may be increased by bioaugmentation with PCB-degrading microbial isolates. Autochthonous bioaugmentation is of major interest because it relies on strains already adapted to the ecological conditions of the site and prevents the introduction of potentially dangerous invader species \[[@pone.0221253.ref020]\].
Microorganisms, besides their degradation potential, can contribute to the efficiency of rhizoremediation also by plant growth promoting (PGP) traits. PGP microorganisms can increase the amount of contaminated soil explored by the plant by improving the architecture and extension of the plant root system and can counteract the possible phytotoxic effects of the polluted soil by decreasing the plant response to abiotic stresses \[[@pone.0221253.ref015], [@pone.0221253.ref021], [@pone.0221253.ref022]\]. Microbial isolates combining both the xenobiotic degradation and the PGP potential are in this frame a smart and sustainable tool to be exploited in the planning of rhizoremediation interventions. In this work, we established a collection of aerobic bacteria able to grow on biphenyl and PSMs as unique carbon sources from the soil of the SIN Brescia-Caffaro biostimulated by the plant species *Phalaris arundinacea* and subjected to a redox cycle for three-months during a greenhouse rhizoremediation experiment \[[@pone.0221253.ref023]\]. The redox cycle was applied to stimulate in anoxic conditions the reductive dechlorination of highly chlorinated PCB congeners, and in the subsequent aerobic conditions the oxidative biodegradation of the lower chlorinated ones, comprising the congeners originally present in the soil and the ones generated by the reductive degradation occurred in the anoxic phase \[[@pone.0221253.ref024]\]. We identified and characterized the bacterial isolates *in vitro* to assess their potential for i) biodegradation and ii) plant growth promotion, aiming to select the most promising strains to be exploited for autochthonous bioaugmentation in assisted PCB-rhizoremediation strategies at the SIN Brescia-Caffaro.
Materials and methods {#sec002}
=====================
Isolation of bacteria {#sec003}
---------------------
Isolation of bacteria was performed from the root-surrounding soil \[[@pone.0221253.ref025]\] collected from three replicated pots planted with *Phalaris arundinacea* for three months and subjected to oxic-anoxic cycles by periodical flooding. The soil was collected destructively from each pot, homogenized and stored overnight at 4°C until the isolation of bacteria was performed \[[@pone.0221253.ref023]\]. One gram of soil was suspended in 9 ml of physiological solution (0.9% NaCl), diluted in ten-fold series and plated onto Petri dishes containing agar mineral medium \[[@pone.0221253.ref026]\] supplemented with biphenyl, limonene or naringin (SIGMA Aldrich) as unique carbon source. Biphenyl crystals were placed on the dishes lid, limonene was let evaporate from a vial inside a jar where Petri dishes were incubated and naringin was dissolved in ethanol and added to the autoclaved mineral medium to a final concentration of 2 g/L \[[@pone.0221253.ref027]\]. After one week of incubation at 30°C, 30 colonies for each replicate and each medium (n = 270 colonies) were randomly picked, taking into account the observed morphologies, and spread three times on mineral medium supplemented with biphenyl with the aim to select the strains able to metabolize this molecule, considered a proxy for PCB degradation \[[@pone.0221253.ref028]--[@pone.0221253.ref030]\]. One hundred twenty-eight isolates able to grow on biphenyl were kept for further characterization. The isolates were labelled with codes including numbers 1, 2, 3 and letters B, L, and N according to the sample replicate and the isolation medium (B = biphenyl, L = limonene, N = naringin), followed by a progressive number for each isolate.
Bacterial identification {#sec004}
------------------------
The DNA of each isolate able to grow on biphenyl was extracted through CTAB--phenol chloroform DNA extraction \[[@pone.0221253.ref031]\] and the collection was de-replicated using the ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS)-PCR fingerprinting protocol \[[@pone.0221253.ref032]\]. One representative strain from each polymorphic ITS profile (n = 56) was identified through 16S rRNA gene amplification using primers 27F and 1492R followed by partial sequencing with primer 27F (Macrogen, Rep. of South Korea) as described by Mapelli et al. (2013). 16S rRNA nucleotide sequences were analysed for taxonomic identification using the EzBioCloud database \[[@pone.0221253.ref033]\]. The identification of the strains 3B12, 2B23 and 2B27, the most promising ones according to the functional characterization, was further confirmed through complete 16S rRNA gene sequencing with both forward and reverse primers. The sub-collection constituted by the identified strains was stored at -80°C in R2A liquid medium with 25% glycerol for further analysis.
*BphA* gene amplification {#sec005}
-------------------------
The presence of the genes encoding for biphenyl dioxygenase α subunit (*bphA*) was assessed through PCR with primers 512F and 674R (obtaining an amplicon of 162 bp) according to Leewis et al. (2016) with the following protocol and conditions: 95°C (5 min), then 40 cycles of 95°C (30 s), 56°C (30 s) and 72°C (30 s), final elongation step 72°C (10 min); DNA template 2 μl, primers 1 μM, dNTPs 2 mM, polymerase 1,5 U per reaction. The sequence identity and diversity of *bphA* genes were further evaluated as described by \[[@pone.0221253.ref035]\] using BPHD-F3/R1 primer set amplifying a broader gene fragment of 542 bp. The PCR protocol was set up as follows: 95°C (3 min), then 30 cycles of 95°C (45 s), 60°C (45 s) and 72°C (40 s), final elongation step 72°C (4 min). All PCR reactions were performed utilizing FastStart High Fidelity PCR System (Roche). The DNA of the PCB-degrading strain *Paraburkholderia xenovorans* LB400 (DSMZ, Germany) was used as positive control to assess primer specificity and the amplicon sequenced to confirm identity with *bphA* gene. Amplicons were visualized on 1.2% agarose gel electrophoresis and PCR products that showed a single band of the predicted size were sequenced at Eurofins Genomics Srl (Italy). Nucleotide sequences were then analysed using the blastn suite to assess nucleotide percentage identity with known dioxygenases deposited in the NCBI database. Nucleotide sequences were deposited in the ENA database under accession numbers LT978340-LT978395 (16S rRNA gene) and LT986331-LT986350 (*bphA* gene).
*In vitro* screening for traits of interest in assisted rhizoremediation {#sec006}
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The same bacterial strains chosen for taxonomic identification as representative of each ITS profile (n = 56) among the isolates able to grow on biphenyl were also selected for *in vitro* functional screening aiming to test rhizoremediation potential within the collection. Catechol 2,3-dioxygenase activity was tested according to \[[@pone.0221253.ref036]\]. The isolates were grown in tryptic soy broth (TSB) medium for 48 hours at 30°C under orbital agitation, then 50 μl of the bacterial suspension were added to 150 μl of a catechol solution (catechol 90 mM, Tris-acetate buffer pH 7.5 50 mM) and incubated in the dark for two hours at room temperature. The result was considered positive if the samples developed a green-brownish colour compared to the cell-free negative control.
Biosurfactant production was evaluated by a whole cell emulsification test. Bacterial strains were grown in a test tube in TSB medium for 48 hours in agitation, and then mineral oil was added to the culture at a 1:1 ratio. The two phases were mixed by vortexing thoroughly for two minutes. After 30 minutes, the emulsification between the two phases was evaluated and measured according to \[[@pone.0221253.ref037]\] comparing it to a positive abiotic control containing 10% SDS. The stability of the emulsification was evaluated by incubating the test tubes for 48 hours at room temperature and comparing the height of the emulsification after 30 minutes and after 48 hours. The 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity was tested following the protocol described by \[[@pone.0221253.ref038]\].
*In vivo* PGP test on *Arabidospis thaliana* seedlings {#sec007}
------------------------------------------------------
Only the bacterial strains displaying biphenyl dioxygenase gene amplification with both primer sets used in this study were selected for further characterization through *in vivo* PGP test. Plant growth promotion of *Arabidopsis thaliana* was assessed as follows: *A*. *thaliana* (ecotype Col-0) seeds were surface-sterilized by soaking in 70% ethanol for 2 minutes and in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 20 minutes. After five washing steps with sterile distilled water the seeds were placed on Petri dishes containing MS medium supplemented with sucrose (Murashige and Skoog basal salt mixture 2.15 g/L, sucrose 15 g/L, agar 8 g/L) and vernalized at 4°C in the dark for 72 hours. The plates were then transferred for seed germination into a growth chamber at 22°C, 50% relative humidity and a 16-h light/8-h dark exposure. After three days, *Arabidopsis* seedlings were transferred on fresh medium into plates prepared by severing 1/3 of the solid medium. Seven plantlets for each plate were disposed on the cut's edge and the Petri dishes were incubated vertically in the growth chamber. The bacterial strains to be tested for plant growth promotion activity were streaked at the opposite side of the seedlings, in parallel to the cut ([Fig 1A](#pone.0221253.g001){ref-type="fig"}). Five replicated Petri dishes for each strain and for a non-inoculated control were set up, for 35 plantlets/thesis. Plant fresh weight was recorded after two weeks and a Student T-test was applied to perform a pairwise comparison between the plants inoculated with bacterial strains and the non-inoculated control plants, to assess the occurrence of statistically significant differences.
{#pone.0221253.g001}
Resting cell assay for PCB degradation assessment {#sec008}
-------------------------------------------------
As done for *in vivo* PGP activity, the bacterial strains positive to *bphA* amplification with both the primer sets used in this study were tested for PCB degradation. Bacterial strains were grown at 28°C on a rotatory shaker in mineral medium \[[@pone.0221253.ref026]\] supplemented with sodium pyruvate 30 mM and biphenyl crystals to induce the *bph* gene expression. A 1% inoculum was then transferred into flasks containing 250 ml of the same medium and incubated at the same conditions. The culture was filtered in sterile conditions using a funnel filled with glass wool to remove biphenyl crystals, washed two times with sterile physiological solution (0.9% NaCl) and suspended in mineral medium in order to obtain an optical density of 1 at 600 nm wavelength. A volume of 100 ml of each bacterial suspension was collected and autoclaved to set up negative controls. Four replicates for each strain and the respective negative control were set up as follows: 20 ml of the bacterial suspension were transferred into 100 ml serum bottles and spiked with 20 μl of 1% PCB, commercial mixture Delor 103 \[[@pone.0221253.ref039]\]. An additional negative control was set up by using the mutant strain *Pseudomonas alcaliphila* JAB1 having a disrupted *bph* operon \[[@pone.0221253.ref040]\]. The bottles were sealed and incubated for 48 hours on a rotatory shaker at 28°C, and then the reaction was stopped by freezing the bottles at -20°C. The content of individual PCB congeners present in the microcosms was determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS; 450-GC, 240-MS ion trap detector, Varian, Walnut Creek, CA). PCBs were analysed in ethyl acetate extracts according to the method described by \[[@pone.0221253.ref041]\]. Total PCB content was expressed for each microcosm as a sum of the individual congeners measured and PCB degradation ability was assessed by a statistical analysis (Student T-test) between each strain and its inactivated (*i*.*e*. autoclaved) control or the JAB1 control.
PGP activity assay in PCB contaminated microcosms {#sec009}
-------------------------------------------------
The bacterial strains i) positive to *bphA* amplification with both primer sets used in this study and displaying ii) *in vivo* PGP activity and iii) *in vitro* PCB degradation ability were selected for further characterization in microcosm conditions. *A*. *thaliana* seeds (ecotype Col-0) were sterilized as described above, then soaked for 1 h at 25°C in a bacterial suspension of the selected strains *Rhodococcus* 2B23, 2B27 and 3B12 at a concentration of 10^8^ cell/ml and laid on petri dishes containing MS medium supplemented with sucrose. After vernalization, the seeds were put in a growth chamber for three days at 22°C and 50% humidity, then the seedlings were transferred on new petri dishes with the same medium and let grow for seven additional days.
Glass pots containing 0.3 g of quartz sand (SiO~2~ acid washed, Merk) were sterilized and 10 μl of an acetone solution containing 0.5 mg/ml of 4-chlorobiphenyl (PCB No. 3, Alsachim) or 2,2′,5-trichlorobiphenyl (PCB No. 18, Merk) were spiked directly on the sand letting the acetone evaporate, in order to obtain a final quantity of 0.005 mg of PCB in each pot. Then 2.7 g of sterile and dried commercial soil mixture (Vigorplant) was added to the pots, mixed thoroughly with the sand using a sterile glass stick and wet with 5 ml of sterile ½ MS medium. Three ten-days old plantlets of *A*. *thaliana* were transplanted in each pot and watered with additional 1 ml of ½ MS solution.
Five microcosm replicates were setup for each bacterial strain (2B23, 2B27 and 3B12) and PCB congener, together with five replicates of a planted non-inoculated control (NC). A "pristine" planted control without PCB was also setup to verify any effect of the PCB congeners on *A*. *thaliana* growth. The microcosms were incubated for 18 days in a growth chamber at 22°C and 60% humidity and watered every day with 1 ml of ½ MS solution. At the end of the experiment the plants were removed from the pots and shoot fresh and dry weight was measured as described above to evaluate the PGP activity of the inoculated strains. To assess the ability of the inoculated strains to colonize and survive in the rhizosphere environment, three replicates consisting of 0.1 g of roots and adherent rhizosphere soil were randomly picked from each treatment (3B12, 2B23, 2B27 and NC), suspended in 900 μl of 0.9% NaCl physiological solution, smashed with a sterile pestle and vortexed for 15 minutes. The suspension was diluted in ten-fold series and plated on Petri dishes containing agarised mineral medium supplemented with sodium pyruvate 30 mM and biphenyl crystals on the petri lid. The number of colonies attributed to the *Rhodococcus* strains was assessed by counting the yellow colonies due to the production of 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoic acid (HOPDA) \[[@pone.0221253.ref042]\]. The identity of the re-isolated bacteria was verified by performing an ITS-PCR fingerprinting \[[@pone.0221253.ref032]\] on three colonies randomly picked from each inoculation treatment as described above, and by comparing the results with the ITS profile of the strains 2B23, 2B27 and 3B12 grown in pure culture. To compare the number of cells retrieved at the end of the experiment to the one attached on the seed surface at the time of bacterization, the same isolation method was applied to triplicate seeds for each treatment before germination.
Results {#sec010}
=======
Isolation and identification of bacterial isolates {#sec011}
--------------------------------------------------
One hundred and twenty-eight bacterial strains able to grow on mineral medium supplemented with biphenyl as unique carbon source were obtained from the three-months biostimulated root surrounding soil of *Phalaris arundinacea* subjected to a redox cycle \[[@pone.0221253.ref023]\]. Sixty-six percent of these strains were originally isolated on biphenyl, 29% on limonene and 5% on naringin, demonstrating that *P*. *arundinacea* rhizosphere potentially enriches cultivable bacteria able to use PSMs, which could act as PCB co-metabolites in the aerobic degradation pathways. After ITS-PCR de-replication, one representative strain from each polymorphic ITS profile (n = 56) was chosen for taxonomic identification through 16S rRNA. The phylogenetic diversity of the collection was limited: the great majority of the strains belonged to the phylum Actinobacteria, while only one isolate was affiliated to Proteobacteria. At the genus level, thirty-one strains (55% of the whole collection) were identified as *Arthrobacter* and four as *Pseudoarthrobacter* (7%). Members of the genera *Gordonia*, *Rhodococcus*, and *Streptomyces* represented together 33% of the collection with six strains each. Two isolates belonged to the genus *Micromonospora* and the only identified *Proteobacteria* strain belonged to the genus *Pseudomonas* ([Table 1](#pone.0221253.t001){ref-type="table"}). The identification of all the strains from each ITS representative at the species level ([S1 Table](#pone.0221253.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}) demonstrates a low level of diversity even at lower ranking. The most represented genus among the collection, *Arthrobacter*, contained isolates belonging only to 2 species *A*. *orizae* (26 isolates) and *A*. *pascens* (5 isolates).
10.1371/journal.pone.0221253.t001
###### Taxonomic affiliation at the genus level of each polymorphic ITS representative from the root surrounding soil of *Phalaris arundinacea*.
{#pone.0221253.t001g}
Genus N° of strains \%
--------------------- --------------- -----
*Arthrobacter* 31 55%
*Pseudarthrobacter* 4 7%
*Gordonia* 6 11%
*Micromonospora* 2 4%
*Rhodococcus* 6 11%
*Streptomyces* 6 11%
*Pseudomonas* 1 2%
The number of phylogenetically identified strains, one for each polymorphic ITS profile, and the relative percentage in the collection is reported for each bacterial genus.
*In vitro* characterization of the isolates for their potential to enhance rhizoremediation {#sec012}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The screening for activities significant for rhizoremediation was performed *in vitro* on 56 bacterial strains, one for each polymorphic ITS profile detected in the collection ([Fig 2](#pone.0221253.g002){ref-type="fig"} and [S1 Table](#pone.0221253.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Thirty-two strains showed catechol dioxygenase activity through meta-cleavage of the aromatic ring, demonstrating the occurrence in the bacteria collection of degrading potential toward aromatic compounds. The majority of the strains (49 out of 56, 88%) was able to produce biosurfactants/bioemulsifiers, performing an emulsification with mineral oil that remained stable after 48 h for the 80% of the isolates.
{#pone.0221253.g002}
The 56 bacteria were further characterised *in vitro* for a PGP-related trait of particular interest in phyto/rhizoremediation, *i*.*e*. ACC deaminase activity. This activity was retrieved in 39% of the strains ([Fig 2](#pone.0221253.g002){ref-type="fig"}).
The *bphA* gene was detected in the genome of 35 out of 56 strains using primers 512F/674R \[[@pone.0221253.ref034]\] ([S1 Table](#pone.0221253.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). All the obtained partial gene sequences showed high nucleotide sequence identity (99%) with *Rhodococcus* sp. *bphA* gene sequences ([S2A Table](#pone.0221253.s002){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Additional PCR reaction was then performed on the 35 positive strains ([S1 Table](#pone.0221253.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}) using the F3/R1 primers set \[[@pone.0221253.ref035]\], aiming to amplify a broader region of the *bphA* gene and to explore its diversity within the collection. However, only *Arthrobacter* sp. strains 2B7, 2B8, *Rhodococcus* spp strains 2B23, 2B27, 3B12, *Streptomyces* spp. 2N21, 2N22, 2N24 displayed *bphA* amplicons of the predicted size (542 base pairs, [S1 Table](#pone.0221253.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). When we analysed this longer *bphA* gene fragment, only the amplicon sequences of *Rhodococcus* strains were confirmed as *bphA* genes (100% of identity), while sequences obtained from *Arthrobacter* 2B7 and 2B8 and of *Streptomyces* 2N21 showed higher identity to the α-subunit of a generic rieske non-heme iron oxygenase and to 3-phenylpropionate dioxygenase, respectively ([S1 Fig](#pone.0221253.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"} and [S2B Table](#pone.0221253.s002){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). While the presence of the *bphA* gene is considered a proxy for the capacity to degrade PCB \[[@pone.0221253.ref017], [@pone.0221253.ref026]\], the other detected sequences cannot directly be related to a PCB degradation pathway. Hence, we decided to select for subsequent characterization those strains that, according to amplicon sequence, demonstrated to carry biphenyl dioxygenase genes with both the applied primer sets. Besides the three *Rhodococcus* strains, *Arthrobacter* strains 2B7 and 2B8 displaying a generic Rieske non-heme iron oxygenase gene were included in the characterization to assess the possible role of this not clearly identified gene in PCB degradation.
*In vivo* PGP activity and PCB degradation ability of selected bacterial strains {#sec013}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Strains 2B7, 2B8, 2B23, 2B27 and 3B12, whose *bphA* partial gene sequences were successfully amplified with both primer sets, were selected for an *in vivo* PGP test on the model plant *Arabidopsis thaliana*. All the tested strains demonstrated an influence on the architecture of *A*. *thaliana* plant root system by promoting lateral root development, as shown in [Fig 1A](#pone.0221253.g001){ref-type="fig"} for the strain B12. The promotion of root's growth resulted in a significant increase (from 38% to 83%) of plant fresh weight compared to the non-inoculated control for strains 2B23, 2B27 and 3B12, all belonging to the genus *Rhodococcus*, while no significant differences were observed for *Arthrobacter* strains 2B7 and 2B8 ([Fig 1B](#pone.0221253.g001){ref-type="fig"}).
Since we were interested in those strains combining PGP capacity and PCB degradation potential, the strains 3B12, 2B23 and 2B27 were further subjected to a resting cell assay to assess their ability to degrade PCB using the commercial mixture Delor 103. Strains 2B7 and 2B8 were not able to promote plant growth under *in vivo* conditions ([Fig 1B](#pone.0221253.g001){ref-type="fig"}), belonged to the same genus and presented a bphA sequence not homologous to the biphenyl dioxygenase gene ([S2B Table](#pone.0221253.s002){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). We included in the resting cell assay experiment one of these strains (i.e. 2B7), to explore if bacteria harbouring a generic rieske non-heme iron oxygenase could actually perform PCB degradation. A complete list of all the PCB congeners measured after 48 h of incubation is reported in [Table 2](#pone.0221253.t002){ref-type="table"}. The three *Rhodococcus* strains 3B12, 2B23 and 2B27, showed a significant decrease in the total PCB content after 48 h of incubation compared to the autoclaved abiotic controls, demonstrating a degrading ability toward several PCB congeners ([Table 3](#pone.0221253.t003){ref-type="table"}). *Rhodococcus* sp. strain 3B12 also displayed a significant decrease of the total PCB quantity compared to the control strain *Pseudomonas alcaliphila* JAB1 with disrupted *bph* operon ([Table 3](#pone.0221253.t003){ref-type="table"}). *Rhodococcus* strains 3B12, 2B23 and 2B27 showed a significant decrease of all the five most abundant PCB congeners measured, mainly dichloro- (PCB 5+8) and trichlorobiphenyls (PCB 17, PCB 18, PCB 28+31, PCB 33). No depletion in total PCB content was instead observed in bottles inoculated with *Arthrobacter* sp. strain B7 ([Table 2](#pone.0221253.t002){ref-type="table"} and [Fig 3](#pone.0221253.g003){ref-type="fig"}). The identification of the PGP and PCB degradative strains 3B12, 2B23 and 2B27 was confirmed through complete 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The strains presented over 99% of sequence identity and all belonged to the *Rhodococcus jostii* species ([S3 Table](#pone.0221253.s003){ref-type="supplementary-material"}).
{#pone.0221253.g003}
10.1371/journal.pone.0221253.t002
###### PCB congener's quantification calculated as a mean of the replicate serum bottles for each bacterial strain at the end of the resting cell assay.
{#pone.0221253.t002g}
PCB congener B7 B7X B12 B12X B23 B23X B27 B27X JAB1
-------------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
**28+31** 35,53 38,31 31,69 39,65 35,53 39,72 25,49 37,76 34,29
**18** 18,41 19,25 5,67 20,32 9,73 20,64 10,72 19,32 18,28
**5+8** 10,26 11,01 4,21 11,45 6,36 11,80 0,54 11,14 10,15
**17** 8,72 9,14 7,07 9,64 8,48 9,84 7,48 9,28 8,34
**16** 8,14 8,79 8,31 9,17 9,46 9,50 8,89 8,91 8,52
**33+53** 6,73 7,75 6,11 7,95 6,82 7,83 3,73 7,75 6,51
**22** 5,34 5,73 4,95 6,04 5,47 6,00 5,23 5,75 4,97
**41+64+71+72** 5,21 5,54 4,93 5,49 5,49 5,70 5,58 5,52 4,61
**32** 5,12 5,82 4,71 6,01 5,53 6,01 5,33 5,69 4,98
**66+95** 4,62 4,70 4,03 4,81 4,19 4,83 3,57 4,95 3,95
**4** 4,06 4,28 1,83 4,61 2,81 4,45 4,38 4,12 4,09
**48+47** 4,04 4,26 3,94 4,37 4,34 4,51 2,84 4,27 3,96
**49** 3,99 4,22 3,90 4,58 4,41 4,53 4,47 4,21 3,83
**70+76** 3,47 3,54 3,06 3,73 3,16 3,77 3,60 3,77 2,92
**44** 3,44 3,66 2,47 3,84 3,19 3,98 3,27 3,67 3,30
**52** 3,32 3,58 3,26 3,67 3,65 3,67 3,64 3,60 3,21
**42** 3,17 3,54 3,11 3,49 3,59 3,63 3,49 3,46 3,12
**56+60** 3,15 3,12 2,74 3,17 2,86 3,32 2,45 2,93 2,72
**37** 3,05 2,98 2,23 2,99 2,28 2,68 3,09 3,35 2,13
**15** 2,32 2,55 1,79 2,46 2,09 2,38 1,88 2,38 2,00
**19** 2,04 2,13 1,98 2,11 2,20 2,14 2,25 2,18 1,91
**74** 1,76 1,76 1,58 1,85 1,61 1,79 1,78 1,87 1,48
**25+26** 1,55 1,69 0,62 1,73 0,66 1,74 1,57 1,57 1,39
**45** 1,49 1,56 1,48 1,57 1,76 1,62 0,69 1,64 1,42
**40** 1,29 1,34 1,24 1,34 1,29 1,44 1,38 1,44 1,24
**27+24** 1,00 1,07 0,40 1,18 0,60 1,19 0,78 1,16 1,02
**6** 0,98 1,16 0,21 1,14 0,43 1,09 0,24 1,04 1,06
**110** 0,44 0,39 0,34 0,40 0,33 0,45 0,52 0,47 0,34
**118** 0,32 0,17 0,20 0,23 0,19 0,26 0,26 0,31 0,18
**99+113** 0,27 0,26 0,23 0,27 0,24 0,28 0,31 0,27 0,25
**101+90** 0,27 0,26 0,24 0,26 0,26 0,29 0,29 0,27 0,23
**97** 0,19 0,17 0,16 0,22 0,16 0,25 0,27 0,30 0,15
**84+92+89** 0,18 0,19 0,19 0,27 0,32 0,23 0,15 0,15 0,27
**63** 0,16 0,15 0,13 0,15 0,13 0,17 0,20 0,22 0,15
**87** 0,02 0,01 0,01 0,02 0,01 0,02 0,02 0,02 0,02
**Tot. PCB (Sum)** **154,05** **164,10** **119,03** **170,16** **139,66** **171,72** **120,36** **164,76** **146,97**
The table reports the average PCB content (μg) measured for each bacterial strain and the inactivated controls. The PCB congeners were measured in each replicate serum bottle after 48 h of incubation with the PCB mixture Delor 103 and the bacterial suspension. X = inactivated control represented by the autoclaved strain culture. JAB1 = *Pseudomonas* sp. strain JAB1
10.1371/journal.pone.0221253.t003
###### Average total PCB contents calculated as a sum of the different congeners measured in each replicate serum bottle.
{#pone.0221253.t003g}
----------------------------------- --------- ------------- ------------- ------------- --------- ---------- --------- ----------
**Sample** **B7** **B7X** **B12** **B12X** **B23** **B23X** **B27** **B27X**
**Average tot. PCB content (μg)** 154,05 164,10 119,03 170,16 139,66 171,72 120,36 164,76
**Standard deviation** 10,73 2,30 5,84 12,89 5,97 8,60 14,16 13,79
**p (Student T test)** 0,18515 **0,00077** **0,00544** **0,00145**
**Sample** **B7** **JAB1** **B12** **JAB1** **B23** **JAB1** **B27** **JAB1**
**Average tot. PCB content (μg)** 154,05 146,97 119,03 146,97 139,66 146,97 120,36 146,97
**Standard deviation** 10,73 4,75 5,84 4,75 5,97 4,75 14,16 4,75
**p (Student T test)** 0,42958 **0,00175** 0,21999 0,11465
----------------------------------- --------- ------------- ------------- ------------- --------- ---------- --------- ----------
p values of the statistical analysis comparing each strain with its inactivated control ("X" samples) and the control strain JAB1 are reported and significant difference values (p\<0.05) are highlighted in bold.
Evaluation of bioaugmentation potential in microcosm conditions {#sec014}
---------------------------------------------------------------
To evaluate the bioaugmentation potential of the three *Rhodococcus* strains that showed significant PCB reduction in the resting cell assay, we set up a simulated bioagumentation treatment by seed priming of the model plant *A*. *thaliana* in a soil artificially contaminated with two different PCB congeners. After three weeks of growth plants that were subjected to seed priming with two out of the three bacterial strains showed increased fresh and dry shoot biomass compared to the non-inoculated controls, particularly with the highest chlorinated congener, PCB18 (2,2′,5-PCB, 2,2′,5-Trichlorobiphenyl) ([Fig 4](#pone.0221253.g004){ref-type="fig"}). According to Student T-test, plants inoculated with strains 3B12 and 2B27 and growing on soil spiked with PCB 18 showed fresh and dry weight values significantly higher compared to the non-inoculated control (p\<0.01). In addition, treatment 3B12 significantly increased plant shoot dry weight (p\<0.05) also in soil spiked with PCB 3 (4-Chlorobiphenyl). At the end of the experiment, all the three *Rhodococcus* strains were successfully isolated from the rhizospheric soil and roots of *A*. *thaliana*, at a concentration of 10^8^ CFU per gram of soil / root biomass for each plant ([S2A Fig](#pone.0221253.s006){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Considering that we estimated a starting concentration of bacterial cells of about 10^4^ cell per seed ([S4 Table](#pone.0221253.s004){ref-type="supplementary-material"}) on primed seed before germination, the 4-fold increase in bacterial counts proved the ability of the strains to actively colonize the root system and duplicate in the rhizosphere. No colonies displaying the HOPDA yellow halo \[[@pone.0221253.ref042]\] were retrieved from the root system of non inoculated plants, leading to speculate that all the colonies retrieved from bacterized plants belonged to the strains used in seed priming. This was confirmed by the results of the ITS-PCR performed on the re-isolated strains ([S2B Fig](#pone.0221253.s006){ref-type="supplementary-material"}).
{#pone.0221253.g004}
Discussion {#sec015}
==========
From the historically contaminated SIN-Brescia-Caffaro soil biostimulated for three months by the plant *P*. *arundinacea*, we obtained a collection of aerobic bacterial strains able to use PSMs and/or biphenyl as unique carbon source. All the isolates, with the exception of one *Pseudomonas* strain, were affiliated to the phylum Actinobacteria. The phylogenetic composition of this collection differs from a previous bacterial collection isolated from spontaneous plants naturally selected in the same area of the SIN Caffaro, which comprised a higher phylogenetic diversity and, besides Actinobacteria (up to 75% of the isolates obtained from the same plant), contained also Proteobacteria (up to 32%) and Bacilli (up to 13%) \[[@pone.0221253.ref043]\]. This apparent discrepancy can be explained by the combination of the selective isolation conditions applied in this work, which exploited PSMs as unique carbon source, and the different origin of the root-associated soil, sampled from potted *P*. *arundinacea* subjected to repeated flooding to induce cyclic redox conditions. Actinobacteria, a significant part of spontaneous plants rhizosphere in the SIN-Brescia Caffaro as also demonstrated by cultivation independent methods \[[@pone.0221253.ref043]\], showed to be an important potential degradative phylogenetic group in this aged PCB contaminated site, and its dominance in plant soil surrounding root suggests its keystone role, being specifically enriched by rhizo-stimulation. Further experiments are nevertheless needed to sustain this speculation. Bacteria belonging to the Actinobacteria class have been previously detected in PCB polluted soils \[[@pone.0221253.ref029]\] and are known for their metabolic versatility and the potential for bioremediation of persistent organic pollutants, including PCBs \[[@pone.0221253.ref043]--[@pone.0221253.ref045]\]. More than half of the strains isolated in this study harboured the *bphA* gene that is essential to begin the aerobic pathway responsible for PCB degradation \[[@pone.0221253.ref046]\]. Furthermore, one third of the strains were able to cleave catechol, one of the most common intermediates in the degradative pathways of aromatic compounds, including pollutants and secondary plant metabolites. Hence, its cleavage is an important activity essential for the mineralization of these compounds \[[@pone.0221253.ref047]\]. Coherently with the different phylogenetic composition of the isolate collections, also the affiliation of *bphA* partial gene sequences provided different results from our previous findings on spontaneous plants associated bacteria \[[@pone.0221253.ref043]\]. All the *bphA* related sequences amplified from strains isolated from *P*. *arundinacea* root-surrounding soil clustered with *Rhodococcus*-like sequences and none of the sequences clustered with *Pseudomonas*-like ones that were retrieved in the spontaneous plant rhizosphere microbiota. However, even though 35 out of 56 strains displayed *Rhodococcus*-like partial *bphA* sequences when amplified with primers 512F/674R, the further amplification of a longer gene fragment with F3/R1 primer set was successful only for eight strains among 35, and amplicon sequencing revealed a broader sequence diversity. In fact, we identified three different types of Rieske non-heme dioxygenases in strains belonging to different genera (*Arthrobacter* sp. 2B7 and 2B8, *Rhodococcus* sp. 3B12, 2B23 and 2B27, and *Streptomyces* sp. 2N21) and confirmed the identity with biphenyl dioxygenase sequences only for *Rhodococcus* strains 2B23, 2B27 and 3B12. This result conforms to previous studies on the great diversity of enzymes included in this family, nevertheless not always related to PCB degradation \[[@pone.0221253.ref035]\]. *Arthrobacter* sp. 2B7, whose *bphA* sequence was identified as a generic Rieske non-heme dioxygenase, confirmed these findings since it did not show any significant PCB degradation potential when tested in resting cell assay.
Besides having degrading potential, the majority of the collection showed additional traits of interest for PCB bioremediation. Most of the strains produced a stable emulsification with mineral oil, a result that suggests their potential capacity to increase hydrophobic contaminant bioavailability for degradation \[[@pone.0221253.ref048]\]. The emulsification capacity is a common trait among the class Actinobacteria, in particular the genera *Arthrobacter*, *Gordonia* and *Rhodococcus* are known to produce molecules able to disperse organic pollutant contaminations \[[@pone.0221253.ref048]\]. This aspect is pivotal also for the remediation of PCB-polluted soils, since one of the main limits to the biodegradation of these molecules is that they are highly hydrophobic and tightly bound to the soil organic matter \[[@pone.0221253.ref049]\], a feature particularly relevant in aged-contaminated soils. ACC deaminase activity was detected in all the isolates affiliated to the genus *Streptomyces*, in twelve *Arthrobacter* and five *Pseudoarthrobacter* strains. This activity is a well known direct PGP mechanism by which bacteria can help plants to counteract the environmental stress (*e*.*g*. soil phytotoxicity) \[[@pone.0221253.ref015]\] by reducing the level of the stress-related phytohormone ethylene, which precursor is ACC.
Three *Rhodococcus* sp. strains harbouring a *bph*A homologous gene and two *Arthrobacter* sp. strains harbouring a non-heme iron oxygenase homologous gene ([S2 Table](#pone.0221253.s002){ref-type="supplementary-material"}) were selected for subsequent *in vivo* evaluation. *Arthrobacter* sp. strains did not show *in vivo* PGP activity on *A*. *thaliana*, and the strain 2B7, selected for the resting cell assay, did not show PCB degrading ability, indicating that the non-heme iron oxygenase homologous genes were not related to PCB degrading potential. On the contrary, all of the *Rhodococcus* sp. isolates, further identified as belonging to the *R*. *jostii* species, significantly promoted the growth of *A*. *thaliana* and induced lateral root development. This is a relevant ability for rhizoremediation, as a wider extension of the plant root system is a highly desirable trait that would result in an increase of the soil volume subjected to the influence of rhizodepositions \[[@pone.0221253.ref050]\]. The PGP activity of these strains was confirmed even in artificially contaminated soil, and their ability to colonize the plant rhizosphere reaching high population density and to increase the plant shoot biomass was demonstrated on *A*. *thaliana* plants exposed to different PCB congeners. Interestingly, the same *Rhodococcus* strains also displayed a significant ability of PCB depletion in resting cell assay, making them ideal candidates for rhizoremediation. This result is in accordance with previously published data reporting different *Rhodococcus* strains as PCB degraders and as rhizosphere-associated bacteria \[[@pone.0221253.ref029], [@pone.0221253.ref042], [@pone.0221253.ref051]\]. Other authors highlighted, moreover, that *A*. *thaliana* root exudates enhanced the *bphA* gene expression and PCB degradation by *Rhodococcus erythropolis* strain U23A \[[@pone.0221253.ref017], [@pone.0221253.ref051]\], providing further evidence of the activity of this genus induced by rhizo-remediation. Considering that the *Rhodococcus* strains isolated in this work demonstrated to stably colonize the root system of *A*. *thaliana* and to promote its development, we can infer the occurrence of a bacteria-plant beneficial interaction that, once confirmed in other plant species, may be exploitable for rhizoremediation strategies of PCB polluted soils. Indeed, we recently demonstrated in different plant species the pivotal role of plant-microbiota interaction to decrease the concentrations of several PCB congeners from the SIN Brescia-Caffaro soil under semi-field conditions. *P*. *arundinacea* plants subjected to redox cycling demonstrated in particular to induce in 18 months the significant reduction of 20 PCB congeners \[[@pone.0221253.ref023]\]. Overall, our findings reveal the potential of *Rhodococcus* strains to sustain plant growth and PCB biodegradation in a historically polluted soil like that of the SIN Brescia-Caffaro. The effectiveness of these strains in terms of plant growth promotion and PCB mineralization will be further assessed at mesocosm level, to fully evaluate their actual possibilities of application in the field.
Conclusion {#sec016}
==========
We established from plant-biostimulated soil a collection of Actinobacteria able to use PSMs and biphenyl as unique carbon source, displaying different activities that suggest their potential to enhance PCB rhizoremediation. The amplification of the *bphA* genes using two different primer sets provided different results in terms of detection and identification of the gene fragments, as longer amplicons reduced the number of positive strains detected and, at the same time, uncovered a broader gene diversity. PCB degradation assays further demonstrated that amplicons with nucleotide sequence not homologous to the *bphA* gene do not seem to be correlated with the PCB degradation pathway. All in all, our results highlight that further studies on biphenyl dioxygenase gene diversity and functionality are still necessary to consider the presence of the *bph*A gene as a robust indicator of bacterial PCB degradation ability. Three *Rhodococcus* strains showed both the abilities to promote plant root development in the model plant *A*. *thaliana* and to degrade PCBs, making them suitable candidate to sustain PCB rhizoremediation through a site-tailored bioaugmentation approach. Since *A*. *thaliana* root exudates previously showed to promote PCB degradation by a *Rhodoccoccus* bacterial strain, our results open future research perspectives on the study of this plant-bacteria interaction for PCB rhizoremediation purposes. Further investigation should be directed to test these strains *in vivo* on plants of interest for rhizoremediation and to better characterize their PCB degradation activity.
Supporting information {#sec017}
======================
###### Taxonomic identification and *in vitro* screening of activities linked to the rhizoremediation potential of all the strains of the PCR-ITS de-replicated collection (n = 56).
Strains were identified by 16S rRNA gene amplification, partial gene sequencing and the use of the EZBioCloud identification service. Co. % = sequence completeness in percentage; Si. %. = percentage of similarity with the reference strain. Gray squares indicate positive results. Nd = not determined. Bph F3 and 512F = PCR amplification of the *bphA* gene with primers F3/R1 and 512F/674R, respectively; C 2,3 D = 2,3-catechol dioxygenase activity; Emul. = emulsification activity; Emul. St. = emulsification stability; ACCd = ACC-deaminase activity.
(DOCX)
######
Click here for additional data file.
###### Identification of the *bphA* partial nucleotide sequences according to the NCBI database.
**A.** PCR products amplified with primers 512F and 674R. **B.** PCR products amplified with primers F3 and R1 (see the [Material and Methods](#sec002){ref-type="sec"} section for further details on the PCR protocols).
(DOCX)
######
Click here for additional data file.
###### Taxonomic identification of the strains 3B12, 2B23 and 2B27 through complete 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysis using the EzBioCloud database.
(DOCX)
######
Click here for additional data file.
###### Estimation of bacterial cells number attached to the seed surface after seed priming.
The table reports the mean values of CFU isolated from triplicate seeds for each bacterial treatment.
(DOCX)
######
Click here for additional data file.
###### Phylogenetic tree of the putative *bphA* gene sequences amplified with primers F3 and R1 from the isolated strains 2B23, 2B27, 3B12, 2B7, 2B8 and 2N21.
(TIF)
######
Click here for additional data file.
###### Root system colonization assay.
**A.** The bars represent the mean values of colonies forming units (CFU) calculated per gram of soil and root biomass of triplicate plants for each of the three strains 3B12, 2B23 and 2B27. No colonies were retrieved in the non inoculated control (NC). **B.** Gel electrophoresis of the ITS-PCR performed on three colonies randomly picked after re-isolation from each inoculation treatment. NC indicates the PCR negative control, PC indicates the positive control performed on the DNA extracted from the pure-culture strains.
(TIF)
######
Click here for additional data file.
The authors thank the collaboration of the members of the "Caffaro Working Group": Antonio Di Guardo, Elisa Terzaghi, Elisabetta Zanardini, Cristiana Morosini, Giuseppe Raspa, Stefano Armiraglio, Simone Anelli, Vanna M. Sale, and Paolo Nastasio.
[^1]: **Competing Interests:**The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
|
291 S.C. 116 (1987)
352 S.E.2d 474
The STATE, Respondent
v.
Alvin OWENS, Appellant.
22652
Supreme Court of South Carolina.
Heard September 17, 1986.
Decided January 12, 1987.
Asst. Appellate Defender Daniel T. Stacey, South Carolina Office of Appellate Defense, Columbia, for appellant.
Atty. Gen. T. Travis Medlock, Asst. Attys. Gen. Harold M. Coombs, Jr., and Carolyn M. Adams, Columbia, and Sol. James O. Dunn, Conway, for respondent.
Heard Sept. 17, 1986.
Decided Jan. 12, 1987.
*117 CHANDLER, Justice:
Appellant, Alvin Owens (Owens), was convicted of kidnapping and sentenced to life imprisonment.
We affirm.
FACTS
Mr. Ernest Vereen disappeared from his Horry County home some time between the evening of October 10 and the morning of October 11, 1984. There was evidence that a slight struggle had occurred in the kitchen. On the evening of the eleventh, Mr. Vereen's son, Alan, received a typewritten ransom demand for $250,000. Mr. Vereen's driver's license was included in the envelope.
On October 13, Alan Vereen delivered $75,000 in ransom to a location specified by a telephone caller who identified himself as his father's captor. Owens was observed picking up the money and was followed by law enforcement officers to his home. He was arrested and all but $18 of the $75,000 was recovered from him.
At trial, the State established that:
1. Owens rented a portable Brother typewriter on October 6, 1984, and returned it on October 8.
2. The ransom note was typed on either a Brother or a Remington typewriter. It was "very possible" that the rented typewriter was used to prepare the ransom note since tests showed no inconsistencies between the note and exemplars taken from the Brother.
3. The note stated that Mr. Vereen was in the author's custody.
4. Pieces of paper with language similar to that in the ransom note were found in Owens' bedroom, some of which had his fingerprints on them.
5. On October 13, 1984, Owens contracted to buy a new car. He told the salesman he expected to receive a $200,000 insurance settlement at his attorneys' offices in the near future, from which funds he would purchase the car. There was no such settlement.
*118 ISSUE
The single issue we address is whether the trial court erred in denying Owens' motion for a directed verdict.
DISCUSSION
Owens moved for a directed verdict on the grounds the State had failed to prove the corpus delicti of kidnapping and, even if a kidnapping had been shown, there was no proof of his involvement in it.
The crime of kidnapping requires proof that the defendant: (1) unlawfully seized, confined, inveigled, decoyed, kidnapped, abducted or carried away; (2) any other person; (3) by any means whatsoever; (4) without authority of law. S.C. Code Ann. § 16-3-910 (1985).
On appeal from the denial of a defendant's motion for directed verdict, this Court must view the evidence in the light most favorable to the State. The trial judge must submit a case to the jury if there is any evidence, direct of circumstantial, which reasonably tends to prove the guilt of the accused, or from which guilt may be fairly and logically deduced. State v. Schrock, 283 S.C. 129, 322 S.E. (2d) 450 (1984).
When the State undertakes to prove a crime by circumstantial evidence, the proof must point conclusively to the guilt of the accused and must be absolutely inconsistent with any other reasonable hypothesis. That is, the evidence must produce a reasonable and moral certainty that the accused, and no one else, committed the crime. Schrock; see also State v. Miller, 287 S.C. 280, 337 S.E. (2d) 883 (1985); State v. Manis, 214 S.C. 99, 51 S.E. (2d) 370 (1949).
The term "corpus delicti," when referring to any particular offense, means that the specific crime has been committed. State v. Teal, 225 S.C. 472, 82 S.E. (2d) 787 (1954). The corpus delicti of kidnapping was established circumstantially by the evidence of a struggle in the Vereen home and the fact that Mr. Vereen remained missing at the time of trial.
While the State offered no evidence directly connecting Owens with the events at the Vereen home, there is evidence which connects him with the preparation *119 of the ransom note. The note, in turn, states that Mr. Vereen was in the author's custody. This extra-judicial admission against interest, corroborated by other proof of the corpus delicti, is sufficient to support the conviction. See State v. Blocker, 205 S.C. 303, 31 S.E. (2d) 908 (1944); State v. Teal, supra; 22A C.J.S. Criminal Law, § 730 (b) (1961). Moreover, the driver's license, delivered with the ransom note, provides a direct connection between Owens and Mr. Vereen.
We hold the evidence of Owens' involvement in the kidnapping, cited above, was sufficient to submit the case to the jury.
Owens' remaining exceptions are without merit, and we affirm pursuant to Supreme Court Rule 23. See State v. Wharton, 263 S.C. 437, 211 S.E. (2d) 237 (1975) and State v. South, 285 S.C. 529, 331 S.E. (2d) 775 (1985) [venue]; State v. Middleton, 266 S.C. 251, 222 S.E. (2d) 763 (1976), vacated on other grounds, 429 U.S. 807, 97 S.Ct. 44, 50 L.Ed. (2d) 69 (1976), reaff'd, 268 S.C. 152, 232 S.E. (2d) 342 (1977) and State v. Harris, 277 S.C. 274, 286 S.E. (2d) 137 (1982) [consent to search].
Affirmed.
NESS, C.J., and GREGORY, HARWELL and FINNEY, JJ., concur.
|
Dreaming of deceased father arguing with brother about money borrowed
Slmz Mufti, my eldest brother died a week ago. My nephew had a dream about arguing with his dad about me borrowing money from family and not paying it back. I lost my job. I did borrow money and it is not paid. pls interpret. Jazakallah
Random Q & A
I constantly feel down, lazy, demotivated, anxious, fearful and worried even when having performed my Salah and mamoolat. I have suffered from OCD regarding Taharah for years, i.e. despite programming myself to wash only 3 times and ignoring worrisome thoughts,... |
Whittle while you work
Sit with band beneath butt; wrap an end around each hand, hands by hips. With elbows soft throughout, raise arms and circle them slightly out, to wider than shoulder-width (as shown), then in, to above eye level. Reverse the motion, lowering hands, for one rep. Do 10 reps. |
easyblock = 'ConfigureMake'
name = 'HarfBuzz'
version = '1.0.1'
homepage = 'http://www.harfbuzz.org/'
description = """HarfBuzz is an OpenType text shaping engine."""
toolchain = {'name': 'intel', 'version': '2015a'}
source_urls = ['http://www.freedesktop.org/software/harfbuzz/release/']
sources = [SOURCELOWER_TAR_BZ2]
dependencies = [
('cairo', '1.14.2'),
('GObject-Introspection', '1.44.0'),
]
configopts = '--with-gobject --enable-introspection=yes '
sanity_check_paths = {
'files': ['lib/libharfbuzz.%s' % SHLIB_EXT, 'bin/hb-view'],
'dirs': []
}
modextrapaths = {
'GI_TYPELIB_PATH': 'share',
'XDG_DATA_DIRS': 'share',
}
moduleclass = 'vis'
|
Relations between iron and vanadium metabolism: in vivo incorporation of vanadium into iron proteins of the rat.
In vivo experiments with 48V and 59Fe radiotracers were performed to study the association of V with Fe proteins. Each male rat was injected ip with 10 micrograms 48VO2+ and then with 1 microgram 59Fe3+ to label Fe-containing proteins. The radioactivities incorporated were measured in plasma transferrin, red blood cell hemoglobin, liver ferritin, partially purified heart myoglobin, and liver mitochondrial and microsomal cytochromes b and c and ferriporphyrin. Liver ferritin can bind V in vivo similarly to plasma transferrin, as shown by gel filtration and immunoprecipitation. Negligible amounts of 48 V were incorporated into hemoglobin, partially purified myoglobin, and cytochromes b and c. These findings suggest that the nonenzymatic Fe-containing proteins may be involved in the V metabolism. |
Q:
How to display frequency in wordcloud
I'm trying to generate a wordcloud in R with the package wordcloud. That's the easy part, but it seems i'm lacking figuring out how to display the frequency next to the words that appear in the wordcloud. I've been searching everywhere but didn't find anything. Can anyone help me?
The code i'm using is:
wordcloud(Table$words, Table$freq, scale=c(2.5,0.5),m ax.words = 150,
min.freq = 10, random.order=FALSE, rot.per=0.1,
use.r.layout=FALSE, random.color = F, colors=rainbow)
A:
Try something in the veins of this:
library(wordcloud)
words <- c("foo", "bar")
freqs <- c(10, 3)
wordcloud(words = sprintf("%s (%s)", words, freqs), freq = freqs)
?sprintf and ?paste might be helpful.
|
One Giant Leap for Missions in Russia
In the fall of 2007 the lives of many foreigners living in Russia were thrown into chaos. For years expats had lived and served in various capacities in Russia simply by applying for and receiving one-year “business” visas. Under this general heading of “business” fell everything from commercial activities to religious work; it was a catch-all phrase for pretty much everything other than a tourist visa. They were relatively simple to get and allowed one to move about the country fairly easily. The only catch was that one had to physically exit and reenter the country every six months as the visa could be registered for only 180 days at a time. But despite this hassle many expats opted for these visas rather than endure the grueling, complicated and uncertain process of applying for and receiving residency. Then everything changed.
The Russian government decided it was time to reign in the foreign free-for-all that was going on inside of their boarders. A new law was passed stipulating that, while one-year visas would still be issued, a person receiving one could only spend a total of 180 days in the country during a calendar year. Furthermore, no one stay could exceed 90 days. This law became commonly known as the “90-day-in 90-day-out” law. For obvious reasons such a visa would no longer be a viable option for working in the country full-time.
Despite rumors, this action was NOT specifically targeted at foreign missionaries. Expats from all walks of life, missionaries, aid workers, businessmen, etc. were all suddenly thrown for a loop. As the smoke cleared and people scrambled to figure out what to do, it became clear that there were only a few options available to foreigners who wanted to live year round in the country.
Student Visa – These were still easily obtained, but had limitations. Most foreigners could enter a language institute and study Russian, but this would only be seen as a viable option for 2-3 years.
Work Visa – Any registered business or organization in Russia can apply to hire foreigners but with a number of stipulations. First, there are quotas for the number of foreigners who can be hired, and second, the business or organization must prove that the position requires a foreign specialist and not a Russian.
Residency – By far the most stable option, and by far the most complicated. Applying for residency requires almost a year of preparation and a mountain of paperwork and bureaucracy. There are also very limited quotas per region for the number of foreigners who can apply for residency in a calendar year. Furthermore, as people had become so accustomed to living in Russia on business visas, few knew if it were even possible to receive residency any more, especially if one were tied to a religious denomination or mission organization.
Since 2007 InterAct’s Russia field has essentially functioned in a state of limbo. Our team has lived in Russia primarily on student and work visas, but last year our current field members set out apply for residency in the country and see if it would be granted. After many prayers and hardships we are thrilled to announce that all of them received it! Residency will allow them to live permanently in the country for up to three years, and this can even be extended to a five-year residency permit with some extra paperwork.
The importance of this development is monumental for the further work of missions in Russia. While complicated to get through, the door is NOT closed! Knowing that foreign Christian workers can still apply for and receive residency to live in the country has energized our recruitment efforts to place more personnel on the field. As part of my job with InterAct I will be helping to recruit, train and place new missionaries in Russia. I ask that you would pray with us that the Lord would send more workers into the harvest. |
Five people have been arrested after what appeared to be a failed bombing attempt in an apartment building in Paris, after a neighbor tipped off police. One of the suspects was under government surveillance for radicalism, according to the interior minister.
The neighbor alerted law enforcement to suspicious activity early Saturday in the chic 16th arrondissement, according to police cited by AP.
Read more
An explosive device was found and deactivated, according to a judicial official.
Counter-terrorism prosecutors have opened an investigation.
One of the five suspects was under government surveillance for radicalism, Interior Minister Gerrard Collomb said.
When asked how someone under surveillance could carry out an attempted attack without being detected, Collomb said radicals usually have "friends, networks that can carry out the act." Those people don't show outward signs of radicalization, but are "ready to help"
Collomb said the incident proves the threat against France remains "extremely big."
“Blowing up a building in a chic neighborhood of Paris — is this not a sign that no one is safe? This doesn’t happen just in suburbs in working class neighborhoods,” he said.
He went on to stress the importance of a new counter-terrorism law which is expected to gain parliamentary approval later on Tuesday.
“We are still in a state of war, even if the Islamic State (IS, formerly ISIS/ISIL) group has seen military defeats,” Collomb said.
However, critics of the proposed law say it infringes on individual liberties and puts France in a permanent state of emergency.
Discovery of the explosives occurred on the same weekend that two women were stabbed to death by a man reportedly shouting “Allahu Akbar” in the French city of Marseille. Islamic State (IS, formerly ISIS/ISIL) claimed responsibility for the attack. |
Guide For MAFIA 3 Game APK
The description of Guide For MAFIA 3 Game
This unofficial Guide For Mafia 3 of open world action-adventure story that is being developed by Hangar 13 and published by 2K Games. The title is the third in a Mafia series of games with Take-Two interactive being the official distributor for the game. Haden Blackman is the director for Mafia 3 after spending most of his career working on various games in the Star Wars video game series including The Force Unleashed and Force Unleashed 2. The game does not have an official release date but it is expected to launch sometime in 2016.
Mafia 3 was first rumored to be in development in 2012 when the team that had worked on Mafia 2 announced that they were working on a “top secret” AAA game. 2K Czech was eventually restructured and the development of this game was officially moved to what was then a new company called Hangar 13. The game was hinted at in January 2015 by one of the voice actors that worked on Mafia 2 and then was officially teased as coming at the end of July. The company officially unveiled the game with a trailer at Gamescom 2015 in August.
After the game was announced in August, Take Two was quick to point out that the game is going to be entirely different from what people have seen from Grand Theft Auto 5. The distributor apparently felt this was necessary because of the violent nature of both game series.Features:- Story- Gameplay- Characters
Legal Disclaimer: This is not an official guide, and it is not associated to the game developer or publisher. This guide is only intended for educational purposes, with continued amusement and examination of the game. Please contact us if you have any questions or concerns.doctrine pursuant to United States copyright law and the equivalent in other jurisdictions. |
Moderator Course ETDP SETA 10892
Recognition: Based on the National Qualifications Framework that is Nationally Accepted in South Africa, Department of Labour and Microsoft Certified courses. Success rate of learner: Currently we have a very high success rate due to the “one-price-policy” that include additional support at no additional cost. Moderator Course ETDP SETA 115759 ETDP SETA registered and accredited. Click here to confirm our accreditation. NQF Level 6, total of 10 Credits. US 115759, Minimum requirements by the SETA for registration. Moderator Course ETDP SETA 115759 Learners are required to apply skills and knowledge obtained on the course in the workplace. As learners apply these skills, they produce evidence, which needs to be compiled into a portfolio of evidence (POE). This POE is submitted to Trainyoucan for assessment. Learners will receive a workbook and portfolio guide, which will guide them through the process. Any additional resources required will be provided by Trainyoucan to the learner, free of charge. Moderator Course ETDP SETA 115759 The Moderation training course is aimed to accredited you as an individual to moderate assessments decisions for either a training provider or on behalf of the SETA. Invest in your future and attend our Train the Trainer training course also knows as Facilitator training course, assessor training course today. Moderator Course ETDP SETA 115759 Short name: SETA Accredited Conduct Moderation. Full description: 115759 Conduct moderation of outcomes-based assessments. SETA Accredited: Yes, ETDP SETA NQF Accredited Moderator Course ETDP SETA 115759 Recognition: Based on the National Qualifications Framework that is Nationally Accepted in South Africa, Department of Labour and Microsoft Certified courses. Success rate of learner: Currently we have a very high success rate due to the “one-price-policy” that include additional support at no additional cost. Moderator Course ETDP SETA 115759TRAINYOUCAN SETA Accredited Training Network |
Building an Effective Coding Compliance Program in Medical Practices.
In simpler times, it made sense for medical practices to hire unskilled, noncre- dentialed clinical coders. The trend continued with the introduction of electronic medical records-where software seemingly made the physician's coding de- cisions after a few points and clicks. However, with the confluence of ICD-10 changes, more fraud and abuse audits, and increasing fines for noncompliant coding, the time has come for medical groups to rethink their clinical coding strategy. Employing a certified coder and building an effective coding compli- ance program is no longer an option-it is a necessity. Credentialed coders make decisions that nearly always result in stronger reimbursement and also stand up under scrutiny by the Office of Inspector General. This article explores common myths about clinical coding, identifies ways practices get into compli- ance trouble, and provides specific avenues to implement an effective coding compliance program. |
/*
* -------------------------------------------------------------------
* EmonESP Serial to Emoncms gateway
* -------------------------------------------------------------------
* Adaptation of Chris Howells OpenEVSE ESP Wifi
* by Trystan Lea, Glyn Hudson, OpenEnergyMonitor
* All adaptation GNU General Public License as below.
*
* -------------------------------------------------------------------
*
* This file is part of OpenEnergyMonitor.org project.
* EmonESP is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
* any later version.
* EmonESP is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with EmonESP; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the
* Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
* Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
*/
#ifndef _EMONESP_EMONCMS_H
#define _EMONESP_EMONCMS_H
#include <Arduino.h>
#include <ArduinoJson.h>
// -------------------------------------------------------------------
// Commutication with EmonCMS
// -------------------------------------------------------------------
extern boolean emoncms_connected;
extern boolean emoncms_updated;
extern unsigned long packets_sent;
extern unsigned long packets_success;
// -------------------------------------------------------------------
// Publish values to EmonCMS
//
// data: a comma seperated list of name:value pairs to send
// -------------------------------------------------------------------
void emoncms_publish(JsonDocument &data);
#endif // _EMONESP_EMONCMS_H
|
I agree, Rodgers usually chooses his words carefully so I was surprised when he came out and said what he said. I don't know how similar the testing is for the NFL and MLB so that would have been the only thing Rodgers could speak on.
There's some testing, but it's not nearly as thorough and, frankly, I would be stunned, STUNNED, if the number of current NFL players on some sort of PED is anything less than 100%; just in football, nobody really cares. You're going to tell me a guy who tears his ACL in December comes back the very next year and rushes for 2,000+ yards? Come on. Those guys are all doping.
There's some testing, but it's not nearly as thorough and, frankly, I would be stunned, STUNNED, if the number of current NFL players on some sort of PED is anything less than 100%; just in football, nobody really cares. You're going to tell me a guy who tears his ACL in December comes back the very next year and rushes for 2,000+ yards? Come on. Those guys are all doping.
Yup. Baseball seems to be only of the 4 major American sports that takes testing seriously.
This is like putting a small 4 inch speed bump on a NASCAR track....this will never end, may as well let em drug and let the game evolve
And what happens twenty years from now when retired players come forward about the side-effects incurred by PED use? The I have a problem with the use of PEDs has nothing to do with the idea of having a level playing field in Major League Baseball, as there is no such thing. My primary complaint against the use of any supplementation is that the side-effects of long-term use cannot be predicted: are players willing to risk the remainder of their lives for the sake of prolonging their careers by four or five years? I don't know that I'd be willing to take that risk, but baseball needs to consider both the short- and long-term ramifications of allowing PEDs to become such a problem.
Now, guess the four MLB franchises that have four players on those two lists:
1. Mariners
2. Mets
3. Yankees
4. Padres
You can do your own research to figure out the names of the six franchises with three players.
When I look at these lists of players I think, these guys were all caught red-handed and they are going to get punished for it, and well they have earned that punishment.
Then I look at the list of teams with the number of suspended players for each. I wonder if the teams with no suspended players have just been lucky to have had no PED users on the team, or, maybe, they actively assess players for risk of PED use and steer away from them.
And then I look at the list of four teams with four suspended players and wonder if they are just unlucky, or maybe they are willing to accept the risk that some of their roster may be PED users. After all, the franchises aren't sanctioned by the league if a player or two or three or four or eight ends up suspended for PED use. Sure they lose a player to suspension, but thats a competitive limit rather than a true financial sanction on the franchise.
There is no way that PED use will be diminished by sanctions on the players alone.
There's some testing, but it's not nearly as thorough and, frankly, I would be stunned, STUNNED, if the number of current NFL players on some sort of PED is anything less than 100%; just in football, nobody really cares. You're going to tell me a guy who tears his ACL in December comes back the very next year and rushes for 2,000+ yards? Come on. Those guys are all doping.
Now, guess the four MLB franchises that have four players on those two lists:
1. Mariners
2. Mets
3. Yankees
4. Padres
You can do your own research to figure out the names of the six franchises with three players.
When I look at these lists of players I think, these guys were all caught red-handed and they are going to get punished for it, and well they have earned that punishment.
Then I look at the list of teams with the number of suspended players for each. I wonder if the teams with no suspended players have just been lucky to have had no PED users on the team, or, maybe, they actively assess players for risk of PED use and steer away from them.
And then I look at the list of four teams with four suspended players and wonder if they are just unlucky, or maybe they are willing to accept the risk that some of their roster may be PED users. After all, the franchises aren't sanctioned by the league if a player or two or three or four or eight ends up suspended for PED use. Sure they lose a player to suspension, but thats a competitive limit rather than a true financial sanction on the franchise.
There is no way that PED use will be diminished by sanctions on the players alone.
The Sox willingly traded for Tyler Flowers after he was already busted for juicing with the Braves organization so you can forget thinking that they actively assess players for PED use and steer clear. I think it is much more about who got caught than certain teams cheating any more or less than any other team.
In fact, if you take a look at the list of minor league guys busted every organization on your list goes away. |
Q:
Is it possible to declare a variable without using "new" like "String" class
I want to achieve something like this. Declare and initialize a variable like those primitive data types.(Without having to use the new keyword)
MyClass myInstance = 123;
Similar to String. Only "String" type can do this and it's a class, too!
String myString = "A string!";
I want a way to declare some variable without using new like new MyClass(123)
Thank you!
A:
You can't do it with custom classes.
The only classes that support such instantiation are String and the wrapper classes of the primitive types (Integer, Boolean, etc ...).
You could create instances of custom classes without the "new" if you use reflection, but then you'd be using newInstance() method of the Class class, which doesn't seem to be what you wish to achieve.
|
An unusual scrotal swelling: epididymal malakoplakia. A case report and review of literature.
A case of malakoplakia confined to the epididymis is described. This patient presented with an incidental epididymal swelling during exploration of an irreducible inguinal hernia. The clinical features are compared with those of the previously reported cases. |
k(o) = 19*o - 40. Let m(y) = 11*y - 24. Let f(w) = -3*k(w) + 5*m(w). Let t(s) = -2 - 38*s**2 + 4 - 2. What is f(t(a))?
76*a**2
Let b(k) = -9*k - 4 + 4 + 10*k - 48*k. Let j(r) = -15*r**2. Determine j(b(l)).
-33135*l**2
Let m(r) = 3*r**2. Suppose -12 = 2*k - 8, k - 46 = -4*s. Let l(u) be the first derivative of 0*u - 1/2*u**2 + s. What is l(m(a))?
-3*a**2
Let z(g) = 570320*g**2. Let j(y) = -6*y**2. What is j(z(d))?
-1951589414400*d**4
Let s(o) = -o. Let i(b) = -19*b**2 + 6*b - 20688. Give s(i(x)).
19*x**2 - 6*x + 20688
Let s(c) = -2 + 2 + 9*c. Let h(z) = -33*z**2 + 79 + 35*z**2 - 38 - 41. Give s(h(y)).
18*y**2
Let k(s) = 3*s. Let j be (-60)/(-45)*(-39)/(-4). Let g(b) = -2*b + 3*b + b + 6*b - j*b. Determine g(k(i)).
-15*i
Let d(y) = -118*y + 9*y + 29*y - 4. Let k(p) = -3*p. Give k(d(z)).
240*z + 12
Let m = -733 - -727. Let r(q) = 304*q - 208. Let b(o) = 18*o - 12. Let x(d) = m*r(d) + 104*b(d). Let y(j) = -2*j**2. Calculate y(x(z)).
-4608*z**2
Let d(c) = 11*c**2. Suppose h - 627 = 4*x, -699 + 67 = -h - x. Suppose -161 = -6*g + h. Let n(f) = -g + f**2 + 132. Determine d(n(t)).
11*t**4
Let d(s) = 182653494*s. Let k(c) = -3*c**2. What is k(d(w))?
-100086896611224108*w**2
Let a(c) = -2*c. Let q(b) = -2*b**2 - 14*b - 16. Let r be q(-6). Let j(o) = -2*o**2 + 33*o. Let k(z) = 2*z**2 - 31*z. Let f(p) = r*k(p) - 5*j(p). Give a(f(m)).
-4*m**2 + 82*m
Let s be 13/52 - 46/(-8). Let j(w) = s*w + 17*w - 3*w - 7*w. Let b(o) be the first derivative of 3*o**2/2 + 11. What is b(j(x))?
39*x
Let a be 63/13 - 44/(-286). Let s(y) = 6*y**2 + a*y**2 - 216 + 216. Let u(o) = 13*o**2 - 1 - 10*o**2 + 1. Determine s(u(t)).
99*t**4
Let v(f) = -131*f + 137. Let n(i) = -87*i + 100. Let m(z) = -7*n(z) + 5*v(z). Let s(p) = -3*p**2. What is s(m(g))?
-6348*g**2 - 4140*g - 675
Let w(b) = 5178*b**2 + 2*b. Let n(t) = 6*t + 2. What is n(w(h))?
31068*h**2 + 12*h + 2
Let n(z) = 2*z**2. Let c(q) = 13778*q**2. What is c(n(x))?
55112*x**4
Let w(t) = 4*t - 36. Let a(j) = -5 - 9 + 24 - 10 - 3*j. What is w(a(y))?
-12*y - 36
Let a(g) = -1. Suppose 2*s - 5 = 7*s. Let y(f) = 16*f + 1. Let v(t) = s*y(t) - a(t). Let u(m) be the first derivative of -3*m**2/2 + 1556. Calculate u(v(p)).
48*p
Let p(j) = -2*j**2. Let x(q) = 715*q - 234*q - 237*q - 244*q + 2784*q**2. What is x(p(k))?
11136*k**4
Let y(v) be the second derivative of v**3 - 140*v - 7. Let h(k) = -3*k**2 + 0*k**2 - 6*k**2. Calculate h(y(b)).
-324*b**2
Let v(m) = -807*m - 2. Let z(s) = 20065*s. Give v(z(u)).
-16192455*u - 2
Let x(f) be the second derivative of -2 + 0*f**3 + 4/3*f**4 - f**2 + 35*f. Let v(w) = -5*w**2. Determine v(x(j)).
-1280*j**4 + 320*j**2 - 20
Let s(l) = 60*l + 63. Let j(p) = 28*p + 29. Let i(z) = 13*j(z) - 6*s(z). Let v(k) = 40*k**2. Give i(v(w)).
160*w**2 - 1
Let q = 319 - 313. Let l(w) = 8*w + 8. Let s(g) = -10*g - 9. Let j(y) = q*s(y) + 7*l(y). Let n(z) = -2*z**2. Calculate n(j(o)).
-32*o**2 + 32*o - 8
Let r(i) = -11914720*i. Let z(u) = -u. What is z(r(c))?
11914720*c
Let d(q) = -q - 152. Let z(m) = -509246*m. Give z(d(n)).
509246*n + 77405392
Let k(p) = p + 0*p + p - 4*p. Let z be -199*(-1)/1 + (-19)/19. Let m(f) = 21*f + 3*f - z + 198. Determine k(m(j)).
-48*j
Let p(g) = -12*g. Let k(x) = 1785*x - 814*x - 1075*x. Calculate p(k(a)).
1248*a
Let c(n) be the second derivative of 2*n**5/15 + 53*n**2 + 39*n + 1. Let a(z) be the first derivative of c(z). Let i(h) = -24*h. Give a(i(f)).
4608*f**2
Let h(a) = -14*a. Let m(z) = -13*z. Let t(i) = -39*i. Let q(n) = -8*m(n) + 3*t(n). What is q(h(b))?
182*b
Let f(b) = 318*b**2 - 1504. Let l(r) = -8*r. What is f(l(o))?
20352*o**2 - 1504
Let h(w) = 555*w**2 + 8*w + 4. Let a(m) = -476761*m**2 - 6874*m - 3437. Let q(s) = 4*a(s) + 3437*h(s). Let v(k) = -k. Determine v(q(r)).
-491*r**2
Let q(k) = 2*k**2. Let s(t) be the second derivative of 0*t**2 - 5/6*t**3 + 3 + t. What is s(q(g))?
-10*g**2
Let i(x) = -x**2. Let h(m) = 229704*m**2 - 339. What is h(i(t))?
229704*t**4 - 339
Let i(b) = 762*b**2. Let f(x) = 451*x + 448*x - 901*x. Calculate f(i(r)).
-1524*r**2
Let f(p) be the third derivative of p**4/12 + 1247*p**2. Let o(l) = 21*l**2 - 6. Determine f(o(h)).
42*h**2 - 12
Let t(n) be the first derivative of 4*n**3/3 - 331*n**2/2 - 2052. Let u(l) = l. What is u(t(r))?
4*r**2 - 331*r
Let v(k) = -k**2. Let r(s) be the second derivative of 17*s**6/40 + 289*s**3/6 - 3*s + 45. Let y(n) be the second derivative of r(n). Calculate v(y(l)).
-23409*l**4
Let s(y) be the second derivative of -y**4/4 - y - 129. Let j be ((-3)/(-6))/((-3)/(-30)). Let d(q) = -5*q**2 - j*q**2 - q**2 + 3*q**2. What is s(d(l))?
-192*l**4
Let a(i) be the second derivative of i**3/2 - 2909*i - 5. Let f(z) = 4*z**2 - 12*z**2 - 19*z**2. Give f(a(c)).
-243*c**2
Let o(m) = -230*m - 252 + 252 + 228*m. Let v(w) = 4 - 4 - 2*w - 13*w**2. What is v(o(x))?
-52*x**2 + 4*x
Let a(k) = -1 + 1092077*k + 4 - 3 - 1092080*k. Let f(y) = 2*y + 121. Determine f(a(v)).
-6*v + 121
Let n(x) = x**2 + 26*x - 72. Let l be n(-29). Let p(v) = -3*v**2 + l - 15 + 4*v**2. Let h(j) = -2*j. What is h(p(z))?
-2*z**2
Let j(y) = 3*y**2. Let g(x) = -143603188*x**2. What is j(g(u))?
61865626811290032*u**4
Let g(a) be the first derivative of -a**3/3 - 1. Let c(q) = 8*q + 1. Let b(w) = 9*w + 1. Let x = -577 + 579. Let p(h) = x*c(h) - 2*b(h). Give g(p(t)).
-4*t**2
Let v(u) = 4349*u + 7. Let r(q) = -18850*q - 30. Let n(p) = -7*r(p) - 30*v(p). Let z(f) = -f. What is z(n(j))?
-1480*j
Let d(r) be the third derivative of 53*r**2 + 0*r**4 - 1/60*r**5 + 0*r + 0*r**3 + 0. Let g(q) = -3*q**2 - 7 + 7. What is g(d(z))?
-3*z**4
Let z(l) = 6*l. Let w(j) = 154*j + 55. Let k(g) = 3 + 32*g - 10*g - 11*g + 1. Let a(b) = -55*k(b) + 4*w(b). Give a(z(r)).
66*r
Let l(n) = 9148*n - 1. Let h(k) = 1131*k**2. Determine l(h(o)).
10346388*o**2 - 1
Let i(u) = 9 - 9 + 2*u. Let g(w) = 2935*w + 2917*w + 2920*w + 193*w**2 - 8772*w. What is g(i(c))?
772*c**2
Let h(w) = 3*w**2. Let c(n) = -137320813*n**2. What is h(c(v))?
56571017048942907*v**4
Let p(r) = -54*r. Let y(a) = -91*a**2 + 12*a - 6. Let x(j) = -96*j**2 + 14*j - 7. Let q(n) = 6*x(n) - 7*y(n). Give q(p(t)).
177876*t**2
Let l(b) = 789*b**2 - 769*b**2 + 681*b - 682*b. Let z(i) = 3*i. Let g(a) = 16*a. Let j(y) = 5*g(y) - 28*z(y). Give j(l(k)).
-80*k**2 + 4*k
Let o(m) be the first derivative of -m**2 - 786. Let z(f) = -17*f**2 - 11. Determine z(o(l)).
-68*l**2 - 11
Let u(a) = 402*a**2. Let w(q) = 65126*q**2 + 65137*q**2 - 4 - 130252*q**2 + 4. Determine u(w(m)).
48642*m**4
Let f(j) = -5*j. Let h = -114 - -54. Let p = 51 + h. Let l(i) = i**2 - i. Let x(n) = -15*n**2 + 9*n. Let v(d) = p*l(d) - x(d). Calculate v(f(w)).
150*w**2
Let b(k) = -2*k + 11. Let y(f) = -210*f**2 + 632*f**2 - 458*f**2. Give b(y(l)).
72*l**2 + 11
Let k(f) = -17*f - 3. Let m(v) = 183*v**2 - v + 191*v**2 - 376*v**2 - 2*v + 0*v. Give m(k(q)).
-578*q**2 - 153*q - 9
Let x = -5802 + 5804. Let g(q) be the third derivative of 0 + 13*q**x + 0*q**3 - 1/8*q**4 + 0*q. Let o(a) = 5*a. Determine o(g(i)).
-15*i
Let s(r) = -714*r**2. Suppose 5*l = d + 7, 4*l - 2*d - 44 + 42 = 0. Let a(y) = 21996 - 21996 - l*y. Determine s(a(b)).
-2856*b**2
Let w(l) = l**2. Let d(y) = 5*y + 67. Let v be d(-9). Let t(h) = 56*h**2 - v*h**2 - 199*h**2. Give w(t(m)).
27225*m**4
Let b(o) = -186175*o + 5500. Let x(a) = -271*a + 8. Let s(h) = -2*b(h) + 1375*x(h). Let d(j) = -j. What is d(s(z))?
275*z
Let v(p) be the first derivative of 4*p**3 - 1. Let k(y) be the first derivative of -5*y**3/3 + 20986. Calculate k(v(b)).
-720*b**4
Let x(u) = 5*u**2. Let p(b) = 10*b**2. Let h(c) = -3*p(c) + 7*x(c). Let k(t) be the third derivative of -t**4/12 + 2*t**3 + 1463*t**2. Give k(h(s)).
-10*s**2 + 12
Let y(f) = -2*f**2. Let w(u) = 42*u + 26. Let l(d) = -84*d - 53. Let q(z) = 3*l(z) + 7*w(z). Let j(m) = 21*m + 13. Let i(t) = 5*j(t) - 3*q(t). What is i(y(v))?
42*v**2 - 4
Let l(c) = -766*c**2. Let g(u) be the first derivative of -4*u**3/3 - 4372. Calculate l(g(j)).
-12256*j**4
Let w(j) = -3*j**2 - 21866*j. Let c(y) = -16*y. Give w(c(k)).
-768*k**2 + 349856*k
Let i(n) be the second derivative of -11*n**3/6 + 33412*n. Let c(j) be the second derivative of 5*j**4/12 - j. What is i(c(w))?
-55*w**2
Let a(m) = 9*m. Let o(z) be the third derivative of 37*z**5/12 + z**2 - 1705*z. Calculate a(o(f)).
1665*f**2
Suppose -9*u + 28 = 5*u. Let c |
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Counterfeiting on the Rise, Hits More Than Half of the Brands!
Many experts have anticipated that protecting a brand would turn out to be more troublesome in the following five years.
Half (47%) of brands lose deals income to fake or pilfered products, new research from mark assurance firm MarkMonitor has uncovered.
In the investigation led by statistical surveying firm Virtuous World, one of every three respondents additionally announced a loss of 10%. Respondents from the UK, US, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain and Sweden were incorporated into the examination.
It was found that 58% of respondents concur that protecting a brand will turn out to be progressively troublesome in the next five years, with challenges from counterfeit consciousness, the dull web, and expanded reality.
What’s more, 41% of brands recommended they were at that point encountering an expansion in brand encroachment, while 38% trust they will probably be influenced by lost sales because of fake products in the next five years.
Chrissie Jamieson, VP marketing of MarkMonitor, stated: “The issue of brand insurance has become a challenge for organizations and it’s a territory that is becoming essential in light of the expanding dangers of duplicating, theft, cybersquatting, and other brands abuse.
“As per the exploration, brand protection will keep on growing in multi-faceted nature and therefore it’s fundamental that associations adjust their methodologies likewise. Brand insurance includes significantly more than just taking care of the brand itself.
“Basically, it’s tied in with keeping up client trust and shielding shoppers from the perils postured by forgers and online hoodlums. Our research mirrored this thought, demonstrating that the abrogating goal of brand security techniques is to guarantee that their clients are protected.” |
Matrix inversion techniques utilized in attempts to solve this problem before have yielded poor results because of the instability of the mathematical model and the indeterminate nature of the required matrix inversion. Simple triangulation methods fail because of discontinuities and insufficient baseline lengths to provide adequate accuracy. A Gauss-Newton estimation procedure has been the classic approach to the problem. (See Ortega and Rheinboldt, infra, at p. 267.) This incorporates the use of quasi-linear estimation techniques. The short baseline lengths of these systems account for excessive sensitivity of trajectory parameters on very small range errors, manifested in a highly ill-conditioned covariance matrix, making the estimate inaccessible. |
Q:
How to pass argument to alias/function in bash and fish at once
My question is very similar to: How to pass command line arguments to a shell alias?
I want to create alias that will accept arguments. Guys in above question suggested functions and indeed this is solution.
However, I am using at once fish (Friendly Interactive SHell) and bash. I keep all my custom aliases in single file, that I load no matter if I am using fish or bash.
I know how to create alias/functions in bash, and I know how to create alias/functions in fish. I do not know, how to create alias/function at once for both fish and bash.
It doesn't have to be alias/function (it can be edgy hack), just end effect should work like expected.
alias rmi="function _rmi() { docker ps -a | grep $1 | awk '{print $1}' | xargs --no-run-if-empty docker rm -f ; docker images | grep $1 | awk '{print $3}' | xargs --no-run-if-empty docker rmi -f }; _rmi()"
Above one is accepted by bash, but not fish.
function go
sudo service $argv restart
end
Above is accepted by fish, but now bash.
alias apts="aptitude search"
Plain aliases as above one are accepted by both bash and fish, but argument cannot be inside (must be at very end).
How to unify it?
A:
There is no proper general solution to this, fish is not compatible with bash.
Also, the alias something="function" is unnecessary. You can just define the function directly.
If what you wish to execute does not change anything about the shell's internal state, you can make a script instead.
E.g. create a file called "rmi" that contains
#!/bin/bash
docker ps -a | grep $1 | awk '{print $1}' | xargs --no-run-if-empty docker rm -f
docker images | grep $1 | awk '{print $3}' | xargs --no-run-if-empty docker rmi -f
somewhere in $PATH (in both bash and fish).
|
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Militant Islamist website calls for attacks on France and Hollande
A militant Islamist website has created a series of posters calling for attacks on France and for the assassination of President Francois Hollande in reprisal for the country's policies in Mali and the Central African Republic, the SITE monitoring service said yesterday.
In addition to assisting Mali in its war against Islamists, France sent troops four months ago to the majority Christian Central African Republic, where predominantly Muslim "Seleka" rebels seized power a year ago. The Seleka have since been pushed back by Christian "anti-balaka" - "anti-machete" in the local language - militia.
The al Minbar Jihadi Media Network, a well-known Islamist website, created six posters as part of a campaign it dubbed, "We will not be silent, O France," SITE said.
The forum's "Media soldiers for the support of Islam" designed the posters, which can be downloaded and printed by visitors to the site.
"To our lone-wolves in France, assassinate the president of disbelief and criminality, terrify his cursed government, and bomb them and scare them as a support to the vulnerable in the Central African Republic," one of the posters said.
Hollande has said his troops would work to stop the Central African Republic splitting in two and to disarm rival fighters.
A source in the French president's office said that while the government was very alert to the threat of attacks, they were not a new phenomenon.
"This is not the first time there have been threats," the source said. "There were others during the Mali intervention and even before, so we took precautionary measures."
"Just because they (threats) are being publicised does not mean that they are new... Sometimes they are more dangerous when they are not publicised."
Al Minbar Jihadi Media Network publishes news for various al Qaeda affiliates and other jihadists and has had an online magazine since July last year.
A French-led offensive in January 2013 drove out Islamist militants who had seized control of northern Mali. Small groups of fighters loyal to Islamist groups including the Movement for Unity and Jihad in West Africa and al Qaeda in the Maghreb still operate in the desert region, carrying out periodic attacks.
Kidnappings and killing of French nationals has since then taken place as a form of reprisal.
Two French journalists were abducted and killed in Northern Mali in November, with Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb claiming responsibility. |
List of Daytona 500 pole position winners
Daytona 500 pole position winners for the NASCAR Cup Series's Daytona 500 are rewarded with being the driver to lead the field across the start line at the beginning of the 200-lap race. Pole qualifying for the Daytona 500 is held one weekend before the race at the Daytona International Speedway. The driver to complete the fastest single lap in the final of three rounds in the knockout qualifying session around the high-banked tri-oval superspeedway earns the pole position. The first Daytona 500 was held in 1959 and in 1982, it became the opening event for the NASCAR Cup season. The term "pole position" was originally coined in the American horse racing industry, and indicated the position of the starter being next to the "poles", which established the boundaries of the course. The two drivers who complete a lap with the fastest time are awarded the first and second starting positions for the Daytona 500. An additional 33 to 35 entrants are determined by a combination of the results of two qualifying races and the position of the team in the previous season's point rankings. The remainder of the 43 car field consists of drivers who meet certain qualifications, such as qualifying speed or being one of the previous NASCAR champions.
Bill Elliott set the pole position qualifying record on February 9, 1987 when he navigated around the circuit with a 42.782-second lap, which is an average speed of . From 1988 to 2018, NASCAR required teams to install a restrictor plate between the throttle body and the engine. This rule was enacted as an effort to slow the cars speed in response to an accident in which fans suffered minor injuries when Bobby Allison's car blew a tire and crashed at over during a race at Talladega Superspeedway in 1987. Depending upon the sponsor, era, or a specific year, the qualifying races have been referred to as the "Duels" or the "Twins".
Procedure
The qualifying session for pole position is held before the Daytona 500. Drivers take one timed lap to determine their time. The fastest qualifier takes the pole position for the Daytona 500 and starts on the inside of the first row; the second fastest starts alongside him on the outside, referred to as the "outside pole." Both front row starters are locked into these starting positions.
The 2015 race used the standard knockout qualifying system. Up to the 2014 race, drivers took two timed laps, and the better of the two timed laps was the driver's lap for purposes of Daytona 500 qualifying. Until 2001, NASCAR offered a second (and at times, a third) round of qualifying for teams who wished to improve their qualifying times. Drivers and teams decided if they were content with their first attempt, and "stood on their time", or if they wanted to improve their chances by attempting a "second-round qualifying" attempt. If satisfied with the original attempt, the team was required to notify NASCAR within five minutes of the final practice sessions, and before the beginning of the "second-round qualifying" attempts. Drivers who made second-round attempts started behind first-round only drivers; however, the qualifying times were crucial, since it determined a driver's fall back time should he fail to finish in the top 14 of the qualifying races. The strategy was usually done by drivers whose times would not make the race or be on the bubble. The second round of qualifying ended in 2001.
The two fastest drivers in the final qualifying session (the Daytona 500 pole winner and the "outside" pole winner) only are also awarded the pole positions for the two qualifying races held the following Thursday. Drivers are ranked by the furthest number of rounds advanced in qualifying, and then their qualifying time in the final round that they reached. Those who rank with an odd-numbered position are assigned to the first qualifying race, and those with an even-numbered rank to the second race. Cars in the final round of qualifying start the race in the front. The starting spots for the third through 32nd positions are determined by the drivers' finishing position in the qualifying races, with only the top 15 drivers' results, excluding the pole sitter in each race, advancing to the feature. Since 2005, each of the two qualifying races is long, or 60 laps. From its inception in 1959 until 1967, it was 40 laps, and from 1969 to 2004 it was 50 laps. After the races, the top four drivers in speed of those that failed to advance through the qualifying race are positioned in positions 33-36. The speeds used for this does not reflect their official qualifying times; regardless of which qualifying round they reached, their time used is the fastest time set in any round (first, second, or third), and does not reflect their starting position in the Duels. Positions 37-42 will go to the top six teams (not drivers) in points from the previous year's owners (team) points standings of teams not already qualified, again with their positions based on speed, again based on the fastest time in any round, not in the final round that they reached. The final starting position in the Daytona 500 (43rd overall) is reserved by NASCAR to allow one former NASCAR champion to start the race under the "champion's provisional" rule. Also known as the "Petty Rule", this rule was established in 1989 when NASCAR's winningest driver (Richard Petty) failed to qualify for an event at Richmond International Raceway. If the Champion's Provisional is not necessary, the seventh-highest team in the previous year's points advances, and positions 37-43 are positioned based on speed from their fastest round of qualifying.
From 2005 until 2012, NASCAR adopted an "All Exempt Tour" format similar to golf. The teams in the top 35 of owner points during the previous season would be eligible to run in the Daytona 500, regardless of qualifying speed. The qualifying races now determine the relative starting position for these 35 drivers plus the starting positions for an additional seven to eight teams. The top 35 drivers, plus two non-top 35 drivers from each qualifier, start in the first 39 positions of the 500. The 40th, 41st, and 42nd starting positions are given to the fastest three non-exempt cars based on qualifying speed, which have not already qualified. The 43rd starting position is awarded to the most recent previous NASCAR champion who attempted to qualify; it is given to the fastest car that hadn't qualified if all previous champions qualified into the field. In 2008, the qualifying competition became known as the "Coors Light Pole" when Coors replaced Budweiser as the primary sponsor. Budweiser's parent company, Anheuser Busch Corporation, had been sponsoring the race since 1979.
History
In early years, qualifying had varying formats: from one timed lap, to the average of two laps, to the better of two laps. The idea of having two individual races to establish the starting lineup of the Daytona 500 dates back to the first race in 1959. That event, advertised as "the 500 Mile NASCAR International Sweepstakes", featured cars from NASCAR's Grand National division racing against cars in the Convertible division. The first of the qualifying races consisted of Convertible division cars and the second of Grand National cars. Shorty Rollins won the 100-mile Convertible race to become the track's first winner. When the green flag was thrown on the first Daytona 500, 59 cars raced to the starting line; the event was held without a caution period during the entire race. In 1960 (incidentally, the first ever national telecast of a NASCAR race), the last chance race was eliminated; from 1960 through 1967 the qualifying events were in length. When the season opened in 1968, the qualifying races were increased to , which meant the drivers would have to make at least one pit-stop to refuel (though the races were not held because of weather in 1968). Prior to 1971, the qualifying races yielded points to the drivers' championship.
The reduction in speed for the 1971 qualification was a result of NASCAR's effort to limit the increasing speeds achieved through the late 1960s and early 1970s. Engine size and technology, along with increased aerodynamic styling changes, brought speeds to over at some of the larger superspeedways. In an effort to reduce the escalating costs of developing faster racing equipment, increased horsepower, and the lack of parity in competition, NASCAR implemented several restrictions for the 1971 season, attempting to reduce speed by two methods. It experimented with restrictor plates for the first time at Michigan in August 1970. At the beginning of the 1971 season, NASCAR limited an engine's cubic inch displacement. The reductions had the effect of reducing costs for teams, but also limiting the horsepower and top speeds of NASCAR teams. At the time, NASCAR founder Bill France Sr. stated:
Corporate sponsors purchased naming rights to qualifying races; between 1982 and 1984, Uno cards was the title sponsor for the "Uno Twin 125's" qualifying events. In 1985 they became known as "7-Eleven Twin 125's"; no sponsors funded the 1988 and 1989 qualifying events and the races were called "Daytona Twin Qualifiers". Gatorade became the sponsor of the dual qualifying events in 1991. In 2005, the event was increased , and became known as the "Gatorade Duels" until 2015. Starting in 2016 CanAm took over sponsorship of the races, where it stands today.
Since the restrictor plate era began in 1988 until 2014, qualifying was the better single lap of two; drivers are permitted one warm-up lap followed by two consecutive timed laps. Since restrictor plate cars require more time to accelerate to full speed, drivers often consider their first timed lap a "throwaway lap," and use it essentially as a second warm-up lap; and the second timed lap is usually the fastest of the three laps.
In August 2009, NASCAR announced that it would reschedule the 2010 opening round of qualifying to avoid a conflict with the NFL Super Bowl. The events that determine the top two starters for the Daytona 500 were rescheduled after the NFL moved the Super Bowl day one week to February 7, 2010. Qualifying had originally been scheduled for February 7, but NASCAR moved the date back to Saturday, February 6, to avoid conflict with the NFL. Daytona Speedway president, Robin Braig, stated:
In 2014, NASCAR adopted, starting with the second race of the year in Phoenix, a Formula One-style knockout qualifying system. After tweaking it in the 2014 GEICO 500 at Talladega, the format became three five-minute rounds, with the first round being split as two five-minute rounds with half the field in each round. As is the case for standard knockout qualifying, the top 24 advanced to the second round, and the top 12 advancing to the final round. This format was used at the Daytona 500 for the first time in 2015, but was soon abandoned for restrictor plate races after a series of incidents taking place during qualifying.
Restrictor plate races eventually gets a new two-round qualifying format starting from the first Talladega race. In round 1, each car goes out one at a time for one warm-up, one timed, and one cool down lap. The order for the cars released was determined by a random draw. NASCAR will release the next car to begin their lap while the current car is finishing their timed lap with the goal to have the next car start their timed lap no more than 20 seconds after the previous car finishes. The top 12 cars from round 1 will make a second run in the same format to determine the starting lineup for positions 1–12, with the order of cars released are the invert of round 1 result (i.e. the 12th placed car will be released first). Positions 13th and below are determined by round 1 result.
Daytona 500 pole winners
Notes
1959: Cotton Owens (143.198 mph) was the fastest qualifier.
1960: Fireball Roberts (151.556 mph) was the fastest qualifier.
1963: Johnny Rutherford (165.183 mph) was the fastest qualifier.
1964: On April 4, 1959, Dick Rathmann set the one-lap Daytona International Speedway track qualifying record driving in a USAC Champ Car race at 173.210 mph. The Champ Cars would not return to the track. The one-lap record held until 1964 when Paul Goldsmith finally broke it in a NASCAR stock car with a speed of 174.910 mph.
1969: David Pearson (190.029 mph) was the fastest qualifier.
1976: A. J. Foyt (185.943 mph) was the fastest qualifier.
1980: A. J. Foyt (195.020 mph) was the fastest qualifier again.
1983: On his first of two qualifying laps, Cale Yarborough ran a lap of 200.503 mph, a new track record, and the first 200 mph lap (320 km/h) in Daytona history. On the second lap, however, gusty winds caused him to spin, flip over, and crash in turn 4. The car had to be withdrawn, and the lap did not count. Yarborough started a backup car on race day, and was moved to the rear of the field. Ricky Rudd was credited with the fastest qualifying speed at 198.864 mph.
1990: Pole winner Ken Schrader crashed during the Gatorade Twin 125's, and was required to start a back-up car on race day. His car was moved to the rear of the field, and duel winner Geoff Bodine moved up to the pole position.
2003: Starting with the 2002 Subway 400 at Rockingham (the race after the 2002 Daytona 500), teams were not permitted to change engines during the race week. For the Daytona 500, a team must race their qualifying race with the same engine they used to qualify. An engine change between first qualifying practice and the qualifying race means the team must start in the back for that race only. After the qualifying races, teams will be allowed one engine change before the start of the final Daytona 500 practices on the Saturday before the race. The engine in the car for the Saturday practices before the Daytona 500 is the declared engine, with any engine change after the first Daytona 500 practice that occurs after the qualifying race will be penalized with the team being sent to the rear of the field. As is the case for a backup car after a crash, the respective column of cars moves up when the offending car is moved to the back. This is the first Daytona 500 with the new engine rule.
2004: Greg Biffle won his first Nextel Cup Series pole but changed engines after final Daytona 500 practice the Saturday before the race. This moved the inside column of cars up, and Dale Earnhardt Jr. started first and won the race.
2011: Dale Earnhardt Jr. won the Coors Light Pole Award, but crashed in Wednesday practice. Although a backup car was implemented and Earnhardt started in the rear for the first Duel, he also was moved to the rear for the Daytona 500 under an oddity in Daytona 500 qualifying rules. Drivers who switch to backup cars after incidents in Wednesday practice do not have to move to the back for the Daytona 500 if the car raced in the Duel is the same car for the 500, unless it is one of the front row qualifying cars. Kurt Busch, who won the first Duel, started first.
2015: Starting with 2014 The Profit on CNBC 500 the next week at Phoenix, multiple-round knockout qualifying, used in many codes of motorsport, was implemented. The knockout format was used for the first time at the Daytona 500, using the old restrictor plate qualifying format (three five-minute rounds, with the first round split evenly between cars, each having a five-minute round, top 24 advance to the second round, top 12 advancing to the final round). Six drivers were faster than pole speed in Q1, and three drivers (including eventual pole winner Jeff Gordon) were faster than the pole speed in Q2. The pole time was set in Q3. Aric Almirola (44.473 seconds/) was the fastest qualifier, but the time was set in Q1; he finished 15th in Q2 (originally 17th, but moved up after two post-Q3 disqualifications) and did not advance to Q3.
2016: Starting with the 2015 GEICO 500 at Talladega, one-lap single car qualifying was used on plate tracks. After the round was completed, the top 12 cars advance to Q2, where the drivers take one more timed lap. The two drivers with the fastest laps in Q2 start first and second, respectively, in the Daytona 500.
Statistics
Multiple Daytona 500 pole winners
4 pole positions
Buddy Baker (1969, 1973, 1979, 1980)
Cale Yarborough (1968, 1970, 1978, 1984)
Bill Elliott (1985, 1986, 1987, 2001)
3 pole positions
Fireball Roberts (1961, 1962, 1963)
Ken Schrader (1988, 1989, 1990)
Dale Jarrett (1995, 2000, 2005)
2 pole positions
Donnie Allison (1975, 1977)
Jimmie Johnson (2002, 2008)
Jeff Gordon (1999, 2015)
Chase Elliott (2016, 2017)
Consecutive Daytona 500 pole winners
3 consecutive
Fireball Roberts (1961–1963)
Bill Elliott (1985–1987)
Ken Schrader (1988–1990)
2 consecutive
Buddy Baker (1979–1980)
Chase Elliott (2016–2017)
Family Daytona 500 pole winner combos
Bobby Allison (1981), Donnie Allison (1975, 1977) (Brother of Bobby), and Davey Allison (1991) (Son of Bobby)
Dale Earnhardt (1996) (Father) and Dale Earnhardt Jr. (2011) (Son)
Richard Petty (1966) (Father) and Kyle Petty (1993) (Son)
Bill Elliott (1985–87, 2001) (Father) and Chase Elliott (2016–2017) (Son)
Daytona 500 winners from pole position
1962 - Fireball Roberts
1966 - Richard Petty
1968, 1984 - Cale Yarborough
1980 - Buddy Baker
1985, 1987 - Bill Elliott
1999 - Jeff Gordon
2000 - Dale Jarrett
Television broadcasts
The very first NASCAR races to ever be shown on television were broadcast by CBS. In February 1960, CBS sent a "skeleton" production crew to Daytona Beach, Florida and the Daytona International Speedway to cover the Daytona 500's Twin 100 qualifying races on February 12, 1960. The production crew also stayed to broadcast portions of the Daytona 500 itself, two days later. The event was hosted by John S. Palmer. CBS would continue to broadcast portions of races for the next 18 years, along with ABC and NBC.
See also
Daytona 500
Gatorade Duels
References
Category:Florida sports-related lists
Category:Lists of NASCAR drivers
Category:NASCAR races at Daytona International Speedway |
Q:
Emacs align-regexp working with "="
Example code:
f x
| "s" == x = 1
| otherwise = 0
I can see the regexp as "match the equals sign when surrounded by whitespace characters". However, \s-+=\s-+ doesn't work (\s-+ is the pattern for 1+ whitespace) because it ends up inserting an extra space before the equals sign. I need a pattern that says "match empty string when there is whitespace here", but not sure how to do this?
A:
This works for me:
C-u M-x align-regexp RET \(\s-+\)=\s- RET RET RET n
Note the '+' inside the parens, the default has '*'
|
Vertex Announces Presentation of Data at European Cystic Fibrosis Society
Conference
- Presentations include data from two Phase 2 studies in people with cystic
fibrosis who have two copies of the F508del mutation -
Business Wire
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. -- June 5, 2013
Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (Nasdaq: VRTX) today announced that six
abstracts from its cystic fibrosis (CF) program will be presented at the 36th
European Cystic Fibrosis Society (ECFS) Conference in Lisbon, Portugal, June
12 to 15, 2013. Presentations include data from Cohorts 2 and 3 of a Phase 2
study of lumacaftor (VX-809) combined with ivacaftor in people with the most
common mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
(CFTR) gene, F508del, as well as data from a Phase 2 study of VX-661 combined
with ivacaftor in people with two copies of the F508del mutation.
Additionally, poster presentations will feature data on the use of KALYDECO™
(ivacaftor) in people with CF ages 6 and older who have the G551D mutation.
The accepted abstracts have been published today by the Journal of Cystic
Fibrosis and are available from the "Session Planner" on the ECFSConference
website at: http://www.ecfs.eu/lisbon2013
Vertex Oral Presentations
1.“VX-661, an investigational CFTR corrector, in combination with ivacaftor,
a CFTR potentiator, in patients with CF and homozygous for the
F508Del-CFTR mutation: interim analysis.” An oral presentation (Abstract
WS7.3) is scheduled during Workshop 7 – Novel Therapies on June 13, 2013,
5:00 – 6:30 p.m. BST from lead investigator Scott H. Donaldson, M.D.,
Associate Professor of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill. The presentation will include previously announced results from this
study as well as additional data on the pattern of FEV[1] (forced
expiratory volume in one second) response.
2.“Lumacaftor, an investigational CFTR corrector, in combination with
ivacaftor, a CFTR potentiator, in CF patients with the F508Del-CFTR
mutation: Phase 2 interim analysis.” An oral presentation (Abstract WS7.4)
is scheduled during Workshop 7 – Novel Therapies on June 13, 2013, 5:00 –
6:30 p.m. BST from lead investigator Michael P. Boyle, M.D., F.C.C.P.,
Associate Professor, Director of the Johns Hopkins Adult Cystic Fibrosis
Center. The presentation will include previously announced results from
Cohorts 2 and 3 of the study as well as additional pharmacokinetic data
and an additional analysis of pooled lung function data during the
combination dosing portions of these cohorts.
Following these presentations, the slides are expected to be available on the
ECFS Conference website at: http://www.ecfs.eu/lisbon2013
Vertex Poster Presentations
1.Poster 13: “Genotype, disease severity, and healthcare resource use by
patients with CF in the UK National Health Service.”
2.Poster 53: “Lung function, weight, and sweat chloride responses in
patients with cystic fibrosis and the G551D-CFTR mutation treated with
ivacaftor: A secondary analysis.”
3.Poster 56: “Effect of withdrawal of ivacaftor therapy on CFTR channel
activity and lung function in patients with cystic fibrosis.”
4.Poster 58: “Pulmonary exacerbations in CF patients with the G551D-CFTR
mutation treated with ivacaftor.”
Symposium Presentation
1.“CF drug discovery and personalized medicine.” Fred Van Goor, Ph.D., Head
of Biology for Vertex’s CF program, will deliver an invited talk during
Symposium 1 – CFTR Modulators on June 13, 2013, from 8:30 – 10:00 a.m.
BST.
About KALYDECO
KALYDECO™ (ivacaftor) is the first medicine to treat the underlying cause of
CF in people with the G551D mutation in the CFTR gene. Known as a CFTR
potentiator, KALYDECO is an oral medicine that aims to help the CFTR protein
function more normally once it reaches the cell surface, to help hydrate and
clear mucus from the airways. KALYDECO (150mg, q12h) was first approved by the
U.S. Food and Drug Administration in January 2012, by the European Medicines
Agency in July 2012 and by Health Canada in November 2012 for use in people
with CF ages 6 and older who have at least one copy of the G551D mutation in
the CFTR gene.
Vertex retains worldwide rights to develop and commercialize KALYDECO. A
Marketing Authorization application is under review by the Therapeutic Goods
Administration (TGA) of Australia.
Indication and Important Safety Information for KALYDECO™ (ivacaftor)
KALYDECO (150mg tablets) is indicated for the treatment of cystic fibrosis
(CF) in patients age 6 years and older who have a G551D mutation in the CFTR
gene.
KALYDECO is not for use in people with CF due to other mutations in the CFTR
gene. It is not effective in CF patients with two copies of the F508del
mutation (F508del/F508del) in the CFTR gene. The efficacy and safety of
KALYDECO in children younger than 6 years of age have not been evaluated.
High liver enzymes (transaminases, ALT and AST) have been reported in patients
receiving KALYDECO. It is recommended that ALT and AST be assessed prior to
initiating KALYDECO, every 3 months during the first year of treatment, and
annually thereafter. Patients who develop increased transaminase levels should
be closely monitored until the abnormalities resolve. Dosing should be
interrupted in patients with ALT or AST of greater than 5 times the upper
limit of normal. Following resolution of transaminase elevations, consider the
benefits and risks of resuming KALYDECO dosing. Moderate transaminase
elevations are common in subjects with CF. Overall, the incidence and clinical
features of transaminase elevations in clinical trials was similar between
subjects in the KALYDECO and placebo treatment groups. In the subset of
patients with a medical history of elevated transaminases, increased ALT or
AST have been reported more frequently in patients receiving KALYDECO compared
to placebo.
Use of KALYDECO with medicines that are strong CYP3A inducers such as the
antibiotics rifampin and rifabutin; seizure medications (phenobarbital,
carbamazepine, or phenytoin); and the herbal supplement St. John's Wort
substantially decreases exposure of KALYDECO, which may diminish
effectiveness. Therefore, co-administration is not recommended.
The dose of KALYDECO must be adjusted when concomitantly used with potent and
moderate CYP3A inhibitors. The dose of KALYDECO must be adjusted when used in
patients with moderate or severe hepatic disease.
KALYDECO can cause serious adverse reactions including abdominal pain and high
liver enzymes in the blood. The most common side effects associated with
KALYDECO include headache; upper respiratory tract infection (the common
cold), including sore throat, nasal or sinus congestion, and runny nose;
stomach (abdominal) pain; diarrhea; rash; and dizziness. These are not all the
possible side effects of KALYDECO. A list of the adverse reactions can be
found in the full product labeling for each country where KALYDECO is
approved. Patients should tell their healthcare providers about any side
effect that bothers them or doesn't go away.
Please see full U.S. Prescribing Information for KALYDECO at www.KALYDECO.com,
the EU Summary of Product Characteristics for KALYDECO at http://goo.gl/N3Tz4
and the KALYDECO Canadian Product Monograph at www.vrtx.ca.
About Cystic Fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis is a rare, life-threatening genetic disease affecting
approximately 70,000 people worldwide, including 30,000 people in the United
States, 35,000 in Europe, 4,000 in Canada and 3,000 in Australia. Today, the
median predicted age of survival for a person with CF is between 34 and 47
years, but the median age of death remains in the mid-20s.
CF is caused by a defective or missing CFTR protein resulting from mutations
in the CFTR gene. Children must inherit two defective CFTR genes — one from
each parent — to have CF. There are more than 1,800 known mutations in the
CFTR gene. Some of these mutations, which can be determined by a genetic, or
genotyping test, lead to CF by creating non-working or too few CFTR protein at
the cell surface. The absence of working CFTR protein results in poor flow of
salt and water into and out of the cell in a number of organs, including the
lungs. This leads to the buildup of abnormally thick, sticky mucus that can
cause chronic lung infections and progressive lung damage.
Collaborative History withCystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics,
Inc.(CFFT)
Vertex initiated its CF research program in 1998 as part of a collaboration
with CFFT, the nonprofit drug discovery and development affiliate of the
Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. This collaboration was expanded to support the
accelerated discovery and development of Vertex's CFTR modulators.
About Vertex
Vertex creates new possibilities in medicine. Our team discovers, develops and
commercializes innovative therapies so people with serious diseases can lead
better lives.
Vertex scientists and our collaborators are working on new medicines to cure
or significantly advance the treatment of hepatitis C, cystic fibrosis,
rheumatoid arthritis and other life-threatening diseases.
Founded more than 20 years ago in Cambridge, Mass., we now have ongoing
worldwide research programs and sites in the U.S., U.K. and Canada. Today,
Vertex has more than 2,000 employees around the world, and for three years in
a row, Science magazine has named Vertex one of its Top Employers in the life
sciences.
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This press release contains forward-looking statements as defined in the
Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including, without
limitation, statements regarding the data that Vertex expects will be
presented at the 36th European Cystic Fibrosis Society (ECFS) Conference in
Lisbon, Portugal, June 12 to 15, 2013. While Vertex believes the
forward-looking statements contained in this press release are accurate, there
are a number of factors that could cause actual events or results to differ
materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements. Those
risks and uncertainties include, among other things, the risks listed under
Risk Factors in Vertex's annual report and quarterly reports filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission and available through the company's website
at www.vrtx.com. Vertex disclaims any obligation to update the information
contained in this press release as new information becomes available.
VRTX – GEN
Contact:
Vertex Media:
Zach Barber, +1-617-341-6992
or
Megan Goulart, +44 22 593 6066
mediainfo@vrtx.com
or
Investors:
Michael Partridge, +1-617-341-6108
Kelly Lewis, +1-617-961-7530 |
Gipsy was just six months old when he disappeared from his home last November. A European shorthair cat with a gray coat, Gipsy had just been settling into his young life with Walery Osowiecki and his two daughters, aged five and eight at the time. Gipsy was the Osowieckis' first cat, and he’d never wandered more than 50 yards from their house in Colombiers, Switzerland.
Eventually, he showed up at Walery’s doorstep, battered, bloodied, and with a bullet lodged in his body. Gipsy died hours later during emergency surgery.
"There are a lot of cats that disappear in this neighborhood."
Walery and his daughters will never know what motivated the killing of their cat, though their story is far from unique. "There are a lot of cats that disappear in this neighborhood," Walery, 49, said in an interview with The Verge. "That's a little bizarre to me."
Bizarre, but not inexplicable. In Switzerland, where animal welfare is protected under the national constitution, shooting cats that stray more than 200 meters from their homes remains perfectly legal. Environmentalists argue that the law helps protect endangered birds from feline predators, but animal rights activists say it’s fueling a far more sinister operation: Switzerland’s underground cat-fur trade.
Cat blankets can retail for more than $1,700
Tomi Tomek, co-founder of advocacy group SOS Chats, spearheaded Switzerland’s anti-cat-fur campaign in 2007, when she used hidden cameras to film several tanners willing to sell her feline hides under the table. Tomek says the price of a single fur ranged between 50 and 100 Swiss francs, though some were combined into blankets comprising of as many as 12 different cats.
All told, her investigation exposed 21 different tanneries scattered across the country. In some areas, she discovered that farmers were breeding cats explicitly for sale to local tanners, with some cat-fur blankets selling for more than $1,700 a piece.
Late last month, the Swiss Parliament introduced tough new penalties for people convicted of selling cat fur, after implenting a full ban on the trade in January. Under the law, anyone found to be intentionally selling a cat pelt is subject to a maximum fine of 20,000 Swiss francs (approximately $21,700).
In Switzerland, cat fur's appeal largely stems from the traditional belief that wearing blankets or other garments made from felines can cure rheumatism. The centuries-old practice was adapted from traditional Chinese medicine, but experts say it has no scientific merit.
"They’re very nice about it. It’s disgusting."
"I would go in and I say, 'Oh, I'm sick and my grandmother says cat fur will help me, do you have any?'" Tomek said in an interview with The Verge. "And [the tanners] would be very nice, saying things like, 'Oh, you poor thing, what kind of cat do you want? What color? We can get it for you.' They're very nice about it. It's disgusting."
Tomek's investigations, coupled with similar documentaries from French and Swiss TV networks, helped bring more media attention to the trade, and played a critical role in pressuring lawmakers to outlaw it. To date, an anti-cat-fur petition Tomek started five years ago has garnered more than 270,000 signatures, as well as support from high-profile figures such as French actress Brigitte Bardot and Formula One driver Michael Schumacher.
Selling cat or dog pelts has long been illegal in the US, and was outlawed across the EU in 2007. Switzerland, a non-EU country, has been slower to adopt similar measures. Cat fur imports were outlawed in 2006, but domestic sale and production remained legal until 2008, when the country first passed its ban.
The size of Switzerland's cat-fur trade is almost impossible to ascertain
As with most black markets, the size of Switzerland's cat fur trade is almost impossible to ascertain, and estimated street prices can vary wildly. Frank Schmidt, a campaigner for the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) in Germany, says the size of Switzerland's cat-fur economy certainly pales in comparison to China's, where an estimated 2 million cats and dogs are slaughtered for export every year. But for a country that prides itself on its strong animal rights legislation, the cat-pelt trade has been widely seen as an embarrassment.
Tomek acknowledges that the government's ban has resulted in a decline in cat-pelt vendors, though it hasn't eradicated the practice altogether. In the months since the law went into effect, Tomek found cat furs for sale at five different tanneries, some of which were branded with a "Swiss Quality" label denoting their domestic provenance.
Tomi Tomek discovered cat pelts for sale at five different tanneries this year, even after Switzerland's ban went into effect. Image credit: Tomi Tomek
Lawyers and activists who spoke to The Verge say they’re unaware of any fur-trading cases that have been brought to court since the ban went into force. Antoine Goetschel, a Zurich-based attorney who specializes in animal rights, says law enforcement may not have much of an incentive to pursue cat-fur cases because they would likely involve genetic tests that may be seen as too expensive for a simple misdemeanor.
"DNA testing is rarely used, and normally only in the most severe and brutal of animal cases," Goetschel said in an interview with The Verge. "Cat fur is somewhat minor. You don't go to jail for it, and so the law enforcement machinery has less motivation to undertake big, expensive investigations."
Nevertheless, Tomek remains confident that Switzerland's tougher stance will soon wipe out the cat-fur market altogether. Even before the ban went into effect this year, she says the number of fur vendors she uncovered had already declined by half. Now that the law has been bolstered with severe financial penalties, she hopes that it will eventually dwindle to zero.
"People have continued to violate the law, but it will come to an end."
"People have continued to violate the law," admits Luc Barthassat, a legislator with the Christian Democratic People's Party and an early supporter of the 2008 ban. "But I think that with these new penalties it will soon come to an end. We are entering the final stages."
Tomek and other activists are also emboldened by the Swiss Parliament’s recent decision to debate a proposed bill next week that would outlaw the killing of all cats, regardless of how far they stray from an owner's property. The motion, authored by Barthassat, will be discussed on June 19th in Bern. If passed, Tomek says it could make it even more difficult for underground tanners to obtain their pelts, while saving cats from the fate that befell Gipsy.
Walery isn't quite as optimistic. He acknowledges that it's a "positive sign" that politicians are at least discussing a ban on cat killing, but thinks that it may prove difficult to enforce.
"The hunters will probably find a way around it, so I don’t expect it to have a huge impact," he says. "But it's certainly a small step in the right direction." |
Functional polymorphism rs7072793 C > T affect individual susceptibility to breast cancer by modulating CD25 transcription activity.
Substantial evidence has demonstrated immune defects in breast cancer patients. They have decreased numbers of peripheral blood lymphocytes, but higher numbers of functionally suppressive CD4(+) CD25(+) Treg in both peripheral blood and tumor microenvironment. Constitutive high expression of CD25 is a pivotal characteristic of natural Treg cells. This study aims at investigating if CD25 variability affects breast carcinogenesis. Two polymorphisms (rs7072793 C > T, rs3118470 C > T) in the promoter of CD25 were selected and analyzed by a multiple independent case-control study to assess the association between CD25 genotypes and breast cancer risk. Genotyping a total of 1110 patients and 1060 healthy controls in Chinese populations showed that rs7072793 CT genotype had an odd ratio of 1.49 (95% confidence interval, 1.23-1.89) for developing breast cancer compared with CC genotype, the rs7072793 TT carriers had a further increased risk of breast cancer (OR = 2.11; 95% CI = 1.66-2.87). Furthermore, our transient transfection which focused on reporter gene expression modulated by CD25 promoter demonstrated that the presence of an rs7072793 T allele led to greater transcriptional activity than the C allele. Similarly, rs13347 T carriers were shown to have larger proportion of CD4(+) CD25(+) Tregs in the PBMCs than C carriers in the flow cytometry analysis. However, no significant differences were found in genotype frequencies at rs3118470 C > T site between cases and controls. Our findings suggest that rs7072793 C > T genetic variation in CD25 genes may be genetic modifier for developing breast cancer. |
Net Clminus flux in short-circuited skin of Rana pipiens: ouabain sensitivity and Na+ +K+ dependence.
Skin of Rama pipiens, like many other species, is considered to actively transport only Na+ when bathed in Ringer's solution on both sides. However, net Clminus influx was previously described by us in short-circuited skin of Rana pipiens, in the summer season. The skins were of low PD (5-30 mV) and high Clminus conductance. Comparison of these findings with other series indicated inverse seasonal variation between PD and Clminus conductance. It was postulated that active Clminus transport exists at all Clminus -conductance levels but at higher PD is too small to be easily detected. This report evaluates Clminus transport across skins of higher PD (and lower conductance) in winter and further characterizes the system. Net Clminus influx was demonstrated over a wide PD range under short-circuit conditions and was inversely related to the magnitude of the open-circuit PD. It was inhibited by ouabain and dependent upon Na+ in the outside medium and K+ in the inside medium. It is concluded that this is the same system present in skin of Leptodactylus ocellatus and may not he unique to these two species. It appears to be distinctly different from the acetazolamide-sensitive influx system seen in "low-Clminus" solutions in skins of numerous species. The findings are discussed in terms of (1) parallel Na+ and Clminus active transport mechanisms and (2) a neutral NaCl-pump model, recently proposed by Rehm. |
s divided by 1550?
199
What is the remainder when 159272 is divided by 151?
118
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59
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57
What is the remainder when 1054 is divided by 143?
53
What is the remainder when 44378 is divided by 119?
110
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13
Calculate the remainder when 10870 is divided by 76.
2
What is the remainder when 4448 is divided by 999?
452
What is the remainder when 15908 is divided by 185?
183
Calculate the remainder when 10335 is divided by 1269.
183
What is the remainder when 20374 is divided by 66?
46
Calculate the remainder when 7039 is divided by 353.
332
What is the remainder when 557257 is divided by 298?
295
What is the remainder when 67804 is divided by 918?
790
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0
Calculate the remainder when 1050 is divided by 58.
6
Calculate the remainder when 21038 is divided by 1162.
122
What is the remainder when 783856 is divided by 97?
96
What is the remainder when 399138 is divided by 20?
18
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166
Calculate the remainder when 13175 is divided by 52.
19
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12
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69
What is the remainder when 2094 is divided by 544?
462
What is the remainder when 14007 is divided by 13953?
54
Calculate the remainder when 3496 is divided by 40.
16
Calculate the remainder when 21031 is divided by 2433.
1567
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24
What is the remainder when 3331 is divided by 3329?
2
What is the remainder when 1649774 is divided by 75?
74
What is the remainder when 81799 is divided by 192?
7
Calculate the remainder when 15189 is divided by 112.
69
Calculate the remainder when 331308 is divided by 617.
596
What is the remainder when 3287 is divided by 286?
141
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53
What is the remainder when 11859 is divided by 11847?
12
Calculate the remainder when 13754 is divided by 33.
26
What is the remainder when 4027 is divided by 1925?
177
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120
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583
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244
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32
What is the remainder when 49127 is divided by 3778?
13
Calculate the remainder when 17655 is divided by 5811.
222
What is the remainder when 329820 is divided by 88?
84
What is the remainder when 15259 is divided by 15255?
4
Calculate the remainder when 14034 is divided by 610.
4
What is the remainder when 42401 is divided by 42?
23
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39
What is the remainder when 82165 is divided by 14?
13
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45
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398
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93
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3
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262
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8
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401
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31
What is the remainder when 10293 is divided by 272?
229
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6
Calculate the remainder when 31787 is divided by 55.
52
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27
What is the remainder when 70214 is divided by 235?
184
What is the remainder when 49434 is divided by 137?
114
What is the remainder when 6135 is divided by 6?
3
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7
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705
What is the remainder when 38009 is divided by 229?
224
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333
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6
Calculate the remainder when 2483 is divided by 312.
299
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43
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17
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11
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16
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239
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1048
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21
What is the remainder when 865 is divided by 13?
7
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155
What is the remainder when 18526 is divided by 87?
82
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47
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16
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85
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53
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44
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396
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11
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5
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12
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394
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32
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333
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30
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43
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147
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33
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15
Calculate the remainder when 21660 is divided by 7191.
87
Calculate the remainder when 87482 is divided by 36.
2
Calculate the remainder when 69279 is divided by 619.
570
Calculate the remainder when 6444 is divided by 98.
74
Calculate the remainder when 448821 is divided by 1774.
1773
What is the remainder when 1523142 is divided by 413?
411
What is the remainder when 16032 is divided by 16022?
10
Calculate the remainder when 133525 is divided by 11127.
1
What is the remainder when 8384 is divided by 1385?
74
What is the remainder when 11978 is divided by 3963?
89
What is the remainder when 4016 is divided by 3926?
90
Calculate the remainder when 100329 is divided by 18.
15
What is the remainder when 31687 is divided by 68?
67
What is the remainder when 1426 is divided by 264?
106
What is the remainder when 1167 is divided by 132?
111
What is the remainder when 31218 is divided by 10374?
96
What is the remainder when 402034 is divided by 47?
43
What is the remainder when 41264 is divided by 1794?
2
Calculate the remainder when 825 is divided by 64.
57
What is the remainder when 4470 is divided by 3484?
986
Calculate the remainder when 63292 is divided by 211.
203
Calculate the remainder when 2673 is divided by 538.
521
What is the remainder when 7252 is divided by 35?
7
What is the remainder when 1669 is divided by 388?
117
What is the remainder when 7623 is divided by 285?
213
What is the remainder when 658 is divided by 51?
46
What is the remainder when 40238 is divided by 37?
19
Calculate the remainder when 14561 is divided by 74.
57
Calculate the remainder when 3558 is divided by 3316.
242
Calculate the remainder when 214571 is divided by 78.
71
What is the remainder when 2303996 is divided by 1577?
1576
Calculate the remainder when 143232 is divided by 2.
0
Calculate the remainder when 142442 is divided by 17.
16
What is the remainder when 47077 is divided by 7845?
7
Calculate the remainder when 25802 is divided by 13.
10
Calculate the remainder when 92457 is divided by 1595.
1542
What is the remainder when 1279 is divided by 33?
25
Calculate the remainder when 1787 is divided by 16.
11
What is the remainder when 325205 is divided by 108398?
11
What is the remainder when 2200 is divided by 173?
124
Calculate the remainder when 86891 is divided by 86880.
11
Calculate the remainder when 230251 is divided by 121.
109
What is the remainder when 22109 is divided by 7350?
59
What is the remainder when 4577655 is divided by 47?
43
Calculate the remainder when 38940 is divided by 7785.
15
What is the remainder when 208925 is divided by 219?
218
Calculate the remainder when 1170 is divided by 507.
156
What is the remainder when 3 |
Before yesterday’s loss to Illinois, Minnesota announced that three Gophers players would be suspended for the game for an unspecified violation of team rules. As always, you have to go to the message boards for the details.
Leading scorer Nate Mason and freshmen Kevin Dorsey and Dupree McBrayer (pictured above) were benched for the game, with no immediate word on the length of their suspension—or the reason. In a brief statement, Gophers head coach Richard Pitino said:
“With the privilege of being a member of the University of Minnesota basketball program there are expectations and standards to which we hold our student-athletes accountable, and they have failed to do so.”
On Friday evening, Dorsey posted two videos to his Twitter account. They were deleted within 30 minutes, and Dorsey deleted his account soon after.
The posters at the GopherHole.com message boards are on it. Each video reportedly showed Dorsey and another man engaged in a sex act with a woman. It’s apparently not clear whether the second man in each video was the same, or whether it was two separate women, and only Dorsey’s face was clearly shown.
After the Gophers’ 84-71 loss, Pitino spoke obliquely about the suspensions.
“Obviously, culture and doing what’s right is extremely important to myself, our staff and our players. I wake up every day, and I’m extremely grateful for the opportunity that I have to coach in an awesome basketball conference and to coach in a place where I consider my dream job. We’re going to do things the right way. Tonight wasn’t about wins and losses, it was about making sure our guys understand that this thing is bigger than just basketball. And we’re going to do what we believe is right. Unfortunately you may lose the battle, but you’re going to win the war. Today was unfortunately not as much about wins and losses but about the culture of our program. That’s something we work at every single day. And it’s extremely important to what we’re all about.”
Advertisement |
Eero Mäntyranta
Eero Antero Mäntyranta (20 November 1937 – 29 December 2013) was one of the most successful Finnish cross-country skiers. He competed in four Winter Olympics (1960–1972) winning seven medals at three of them. His performance at the 1964 Winter Olympics earned him the nickname "Mister Seefeld", referring to the venue where the cross-country skiing and biathlon competitions took place. The Finnish Ministry of Education endowed him with the Pro Urheilu letter of recognition in 2000. There is also a museum centered on Mäntyranta in his birthplace of Pello.
Genetics and doping
Mäntyranta had primary familial and congenital polycythemia (PFCP) causing an increase in red blood cell mass and hemoglobin due to a mutation in the erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) gene, which was identified following a DNA study done on over 200 members of his family, as reported in 1993. This condition results in an increase of up to 50% in the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood, a large advantage when participating in endurance events.
In 1972 Mäntyranta was the first Finnish sportsman who tested positive for doping. He later admitted taking hormones, which was not prohibited in those years.
Cross-country skiing results
All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).
Olympic Games
7 medals – (3 gold, 2 silver, 2 bronze)
World Championships
5 medals – (2 gold, 2 silver, 1 bronze)
Accomplishments
National domestic championships: five gold, two silver and two bronze
Holmenkollen ski festival championships first place 1962, 1964 and 1968 (15 km)
Holmenkollen medal in 1964 (Shared with Veikko Kankkonen, Georg Thoma, and Halvor Næs.).
Salpausselkä games win 1964 and 1972.
See also
Athletes of Finland
Olympic Athletes of Finland
References
External links
Holmenkollen medalists – click Holmenkollmedaljen for downloadable pdf file
Holmenkollen winners since 1892 – click Vinnere for downloadable pdf file
Category:1937 births
Category:2013 deaths
Category:People from Pello
Category:Cross-country skiers at the 1960 Winter Olympics
Category:Cross-country skiers at the 1964 Winter Olympics
Category:Cross-country skiers at the 1968 Winter Olympics
Category:Cross-country skiers at the 1972 Winter Olympics
Category:Doping cases in cross-country skiing
Category:Finnish male cross-country skiers
Category:Finnish sportspeople in doping cases
Category:Holmenkollen medalists
Category:Holmenkollen Ski Festival winners
Category:Olympic gold medalists for Finland
Category:Olympic silver medalists for Finland
Category:Olympic bronze medalists for Finland
Category:Olympic medalists in cross-country skiing
Category:Olympic cross-country skiers of Finland
Category:FIS Nordic World Ski Championships medalists in cross-country skiing
Category:Medalists at the 1960 Winter Olympics
Category:Medalists at the 1964 Winter Olympics
Category:Medalists at the 1968 Winter Olympics |
19 Years Ago Amy Lynn Bradley Missing Cruise Ship Passenger
It was 19 years ago yesterday that Petersburg, Virginia cruise ship passenger Amy Lynn Bradley, 24, went missing aboard Royal Caribbean Cruise Lines’ Rhapsody Of The Seas on March 24, 1998, but was never seen disembarking.
Her family has reason to believe she is still alive, because she disappeared while the ship was in port.
Amy was traveling with her mother, father, and younger brother. Her family has maintained all along she is still alive and investigators have been hired in the past to locate her, without results.
There is a $25,000 reward offered for information on this case. See FBI video below
Related Articles
On Thursday, August 28, 2016 around 0230 hours, Entertainment Cruises’ Spirit of Baltimore was involved in a collision in at Henderson Wharf Marina Fells Point Maryland. The cruise ship had taken more than 400 passengers […] |
The Advocate
Informing Marine Engineers about legal matters
Authored by: Darren Williams, Williams & Company
“Get Off My Boat” – Vessel Searches and a Mariners Right to
Privacy
A reader recently asked me to describe her right to deny an
enforcement officer access to her vessel. The request highlights a
common misconception that a mariner has the right to stop an
enforcement officer from boarding their vessel without a search
warrant.
There are numerous laws, both federal and provincial, that provide
enforcement officers with authority to board and inspect vessels
without a warrant. Most notably are the provincial liquor control
laws, and the federal Criminal Code, Fisheries Act, Environmental
Protection Act, and the recently passed amendments to the Migratory
Birds Convention Act that prohibit “deposits” of oily bilge water.
Each of the laws allow a designated enforcement officer to board a
vessel in order to ensure compliance with the legislation, and each
contain a provision that makes denying such access an offence in
itself. In other words, while you may avoid being charged with an
offence by physically preventing a search of your vessel, you may be
committing an equally punishable offence by preventing the search.
Take for example the scenario of a towboat operator carrying onboard
an unregistered firearm without a permit. A Department of Fisheries
patrol boat spots the towboat in the area of a recent oil spill, and
stops the vessel to inspect it for compliance with oil pollution
regulations. The master, nervous the enforcement officers may find
his firearm if boarded, tells the officers they are not welcome
aboard.
While the punishment for depositing any bilge water is now
$300,000 (under the new Migratory Birds Convention Act), the
punishment for denying access to the vessel for purposes of
confirming compliance with the Act is also $300,000. This being
said, it is always best to allow the enforcement officer access, and
deal with whether what they find can be used against you after the
fact.
Since its introduction into the Canadian Constitution in 1982, the
Charter of Right and Freedoms has spawned a great deal of cases law
regarding an individual’s right to privacy. Section 8 of the Charter
provides that “everyone has the right to be secure from unreasonable
search and seizure”. Any state conduct which interferes with a
reasonably held expectation of privacy will constitute a “search”
and “seizure” for constitutional purposes. Section 24 of the Charter
allows the court to ‘throw out’ evidence that would bring the
administration of justice into disrepute – including evidence
collected during an unreasonable search. “Reasonableness” of the
search is therefore the test for whether evidence gathered can be
used against the accused.
The standard of what is a “reasonable” search varies with the type
of offence. Many of the cases that have contributed to the
misconception that a warrantless search is illegal, relate to
criminal offences. The standard of what is a reasonable search is
higher for a criminal offence that for regulatory offences such
those found under the Fisheries Act or the Migratory Birds
Convention Act. Going back to the example of the towboat operator
above, while it is reasonable for Fisheries Officers to board the
towboat to inspect the engine spaces and logbooks for a possible
evidence of an oil pollution offence, it is not reasonable for them
to search areas unrelated to the subject of their visit, such as the
master’s clothes locker where his firearm is stored. If, however,
RCMP board the vessel to ensure compliance with the Firearms Act
after someone reported that the master was seen on the deck with the
firearm, it is likely reasonable for the RCMP to search the locker
space.
The “plain view doctrine” should be understood. This is the notion
that while an officer may not make a search that is unrelated to
purpose for him being on the vessel, if the officer discoveries
anything in plain view (left out in the open) that relates to a
different offence, even though unconnected to the reason they are on
the vessel, this evidence can be used against the mariner. To this
end, it is recommended that you not tempt fate by leaving out what
should not be seen. It is also recommended that, when boarded, the
mariner ask the officer to state the specific purpose of their
search (compliance with what law). The Court will use this stated
purposes in determining whether the search was reasonably conducted.
Even if a search is unreasonable, however, a mariner may waive his
right to later claim it was unreasonable by consenting to the
search. For example, while inspecting for compliance with oil
pollution regulations the enforcement officers ask the master for
his permission to search his stateroom. Granted permission, evidence
of unrelated offences uncovered by the officer may be admissible in
court against the master because he granted permission for the
search. Consequently, while it is not advisable to refuse or
physically prevent a search, it is advisable to be clear with the
enforcement officer that they do not have your consent. The
statement, “you do not have my consent for this search” will
suffice.
In closing, it is not prudent for a mariner to deny an enforcement
officer the ability to board a vessel. Whether what the officer
finds on board vessel can be used to convict the mariner will depend
on the reasonableness of the search, which in turn will depend on
what purpose the search is conducted for. Do not deny access to your
vessel, ask the officer the purpose of their visit, make clear when
you do not consent to the search, and do not leave things out in the
open.
Darren Williams is a Barrister and Solicitor (Lawyer) specializing in Admiralty
Law, which has jurisdiction over maritime matters. Darren has worked
extensively on the water as well as in the courtroom. He is a
Barrister & Solicitor based out of Victoria, British Columbia,
Canada, practicing at the Law Firm of "Williams & Company".
On this webpage, he brings us timely and relevant articles on
the legal aspects of being a Marine Engineer in today's world.
Although the articles have a predominately Canadian flavour, we are
sure you will find his legal point of view enlightening where ever
you ship sails. Darren has also published other legal articles on
general admiralty law, view them all at the
Williams & Company website. You can reach Darren for question or
comment by phone at 250-478-9928 or
by email. |
log("* ╉ The Animal Protecting ╊");
log("* ┏┓ ┏┓+ +");
log("* ┏┛┻━━━┛┻┓ + +");
log("* ┃ ┃");
log("* ┃ ━ ┃ ++ + + +");
log("* ████━████ +");
log("* ┃ ┃ +");
log("* ┃ ┻ ┃")
log("* ┃ ┃ + +");
log("* ┗━┓ ┏━┛");
log("* ┃ ┃");
log("* ┃ ┃ + + + +");
log("* ┃ ┃ ");
log("* ┃ ┃ + ");
log("* ┃ ┃")
log("* ┃ ┃ +");
log("* ┃ ┗━━━┓ + +")
log("* ┃ ┣┓+ + + ");
log("* ┃ ┏┛+ +");
log("* ┗┓┓┏━┳┓┏┛ + ");
log("* ┃┫┫ ┃┫┫");
log("* ┗┻┛ ┗┻┛+ + ");
log("* Code is far away from bug!");
log("* 神兽保佑,代码无bug");
try {
if (contextPASS != undefined) {
log("[⏰]定时任务启动脚本");
}
} catch (e) {
contextPASS = 0;
}
if (contextPASS == 0) {
dialogs_js();
} else {
context_Manualstate = 0;
Set_Back_way();
}
var height = device.height;
var weight = device.width;
function dialogs_js() {
var ScriptVersion = ("Beta1.21"); //版本
log("软件脚本已开始运行，如果没有弹出菜单请强行停止再打开本软件！");
var options_ = ["▶️ 开始运行脚本", "🕒 计时运行脚本", "⏰ 定时运行脚本", "⏹ 停止运行脚本", "🔙 返回方法设置", "🔧 手动打开模式", "💬 吐司/日志切换"]
var i = dialogs.select("*+*+*+* 橘衫の脚本 *+*+*+*\n*+*+*+* Orange Js *+*+*+*\n\n欢迎使用 (◍•ᴗ•◍)❤" + "\n" + "“种豆得豆自动脚本”" + ScriptVersion + "\n请选择一个要进行的选项", options_);
if (i < 0) {
toastLog("没有选择，如需关闭对话框\n 请选择“停止运行脚本”");
dialogs_js();
} else if (i == 0) {
toastLog(options_[i]);
context_Manualstate = 0;
Set_Back_way();
} else if (i == 3) {
toastLog(options_[i]);
exit();
} else if (i == 1) {
toastLog("请稍候，正在检测权限...");
context_Manualstate = 0;
toastLog(options_[i]);
device.keepScreenDim();
toastLog("检测权限设置……");
context_Manualstate = 0;
toastLog("等待无障碍权限开启……\n您必须手动授予本软件无障碍权限\n否则本软件将无法工作！");
auto.waitFor();
toastLog("无障碍权限已开启" + "\n" + "继续运行脚本……");
sleep(2000);
toastLog("为保证脚本正常运行\n请授予本软件悬浮窗权限");
sleep(2000);
var test_rawWindow = floaty.rawWindow(
<frame gravity="center" bg="#00000000"/>
);
test_rawWindow.setSize(-1, -1);
test_rawWindow.setTouchable(false);
setTimeout(() => {
test_rawWindow.close();
}, 1000);
toastLog("悬浮窗权限已开启！");
sleep(2000);
wait_Time_over();
} else if (i == 2) {
toastLog("请稍候，正在检测权限...");
context_Manualstate = 0;
toastLog(options_[i]);
device.keepScreenDim();
toastLog("检测权限设置……");
context_Manualstate = 0;
toastLog("等待无障碍权限开启……\n您必须手动授予本软件无障碍权限\n否则本软件将无法工作！");
auto.waitFor();
toastLog("无障碍权限已开启" + "\n" + "继续运行脚本……");
sleep(2000);
toastLog("为保证脚本正常运行\n请授予本软件悬浮窗权限");
sleep(2000);
var test_rawWindow = floaty.rawWindow(
<frame gravity="center" bg="#00000000"/>
);
test_rawWindow.setSize(-1, -1);
test_rawWindow.setTouchable(false);
setTimeout(() => {
test_rawWindow.close();
}, 1000);
toastLog("悬浮窗权限已开启！");
context_Manualstate = 0;
Set_Back_way();
DS();
device.keepScreenDim();
} else if (i == 4) {
toastLog(options_[i]);
try {
if (files.exists("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/返回方法设置.txt") == true && files.read("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/返回方法设置.txt") > 2 && files.exists("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/滑动返回速度.txt") == false) {
files.remove("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/返回方法设置.txt");
log("当前返回方法设置为滑动返回但未设置滑动返回速度");
}
if (files.exists("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/返回方法设置.txt") == true) {
files.rename("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/返回方法设置.txt", "X返回方法设置.txt");
Set_Back_way();
} else {
dialogs.alert("您未保存任何返回方法，请运行脚本后再进行修改");
dialogs_js();
}
} catch (e) {
dialogs.alert("未授予本软件“存储权限”", "软件内的设置存储都需要“存储权限”才能正常保存设置，您需要自行授予本软件“存储权限”才能正常使用设置保存功能");
dialogs_js();
}
} else if (i == 5) {
toastLog(options_[i]);
context_Manualstate = 1;
Set_Back_way() //设置手动模式
} else if (i == 6) {
toastLog(options_[i]);
context_Manualstate = 0;
if (files.exists("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/吐司or日志.txt") == true) {
var z = files.read("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/吐司or日志.txt");
if (z != "吐司" && z != "日志") {
alert("“吐司or日志”文件错误，已尝试删除错误文件");
try {
files.remove("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/吐司or日志.txt");
} catch (e) {
toastLog("删除“吐司or日志”文件失败！");
}
var Z = "";
} else {
var Z = "当前脚本使用：" + z + "\n";
}
} else {
var Z = "";
}
let da = dialogs.select(Z + "请选择一个选项", "使用吐司（Toast）", "使用脚本悬浮日志")
if (da == 0) {
toastLog("您选择了：使用吐司");
try {
var T = 0;
files.createWithDirs("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/吐司or日志.txt");
files.write("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/吐司or日志.txt", "吐司");
} catch (e) {
log("未授予存储权限或存储权限错误，当前设置为吐司");
var T = 0;
}
} else if (da == 1) {
toastLog("您选择了：使用悬浮日志");
try {
var T = 1;
files.createWithDirs("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/吐司or日志.txt");
files.write("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/吐司or日志.txt", "日志");
} catch (e) {
log("未授予存储权限或存储权限错误，开启悬浮日志");
var T = 1;
}
}
dialogs_js();
}
}
function Set_Back_way() {
try {
if (files.exists("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/返回方法设置.txt") == true) {
context_i_back = files.read("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/返回方法设置.txt");
log("返回方法：" + context_i_back);
if (context_i_back > 2) {
try {
context_gestures_speed = files.read("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/滑动返回速度.txt")
log("滑动返回速度：" + context_gestures_speed)
} catch (e) {
log("上次未完成滑动返回速度设置");
files.remove("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/返回方法设置.txt");
Set_Back_way();
}
}
} else {
//💟🕎⛎设定返回方法及滑动速度的代码
var options_hq = ["🔙 普通的返回\n(使用无障碍权限)", "#⃣ 使用ROOT返回\n(必须授予本软件ROOT权限)", "🔍 通过调用搜索界面进入\n（“曲线救国法” 若其它返回均失效\n 来尝试此方法吧）", "👉👉🏻👉🏼👉🏽👉🏾👉🏿 \n从屏幕中间从左向内滑动\n(全面屏手势返回 例如:小米MIUI)", " 👈🏿👈🏾👈🏽👈🏼👈🏻👈 \n从屏幕中间从右向内滑动\n(全面屏手势返回 例如:华为EMUI)", "👆👆🏻👆🏼👆🏽👆🏾👆🏿 \n从屏幕左侧下方向上滑动\n(全面屏手势返回 例如:锤子Smartisan UI)", " ☝🏿☝🏾☝🏽☝🏼☝🏻☝️ \n从屏幕右侧下方向上滑动\n(全面屏手势返回)"]
var i_back = dialogs.select(" Hi! ( ╹▽╹ )\n请选择一个方法\n用于实现返回操作", options_hq);
if (i_back >= 0) {
toastLog("您选择的是" + options_hq[i_back]);
sleep(2000);
var options_select = options_hq[i_back];
context_i_back = i_back;
files.createWithDirs("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/返回方法设置.txt");
files.write("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/返回方法设置.txt", context_i_back);
} else {
toastLog("没有选择返回方法！");
device.cancelKeepingAwake();
}
if (i_back > 2) {
var options_hd = ["200毫秒\n(默认，如果太快请选其它)", "500毫秒", "800毫秒", "1秒(1000毫秒)", "1.5秒（1500毫秒）", "2秒（2000毫秒）"]
var iix = dialogs.select("Ok! (・∀・) 您选择了:\n" + options_select + "\n请选择滑动速度\n单位:毫秒（1秒=1000毫秒）", options_hd);
if (iix < 0) {
toastLog("没有选择滑动速度");
Set_Back_way();
} else {
if (iix == 0) {
context_gestures_speed = 200;
toastLog("滑动速度设定为\n" + context_gestures_speed + "毫秒");
sleep(2000);
}
if (iix == 1) {
context_gestures_speed = 500;
toastLog("滑动速度设定为\n" + context_gestures_speed + "毫秒");
sleep(2000);
}
if (iix == 2) {
context_gestures_speed = 800;
toastLog("滑动速度设定为\n" + context_gestures_speed + "毫秒");
sleep(2000);
}
if (iix == 3) {
context_gestures_speed = 1000;
toastLog("滑动速度设定为\n" + context_gestures_speed + "毫秒");
sleep(2000);
}
if (iix == 4) {
context_gestures_speed = 1500;
toastLog("滑动速度设定为\n" + context_gestures_speed + "毫秒");
sleep(2000);
}
if (iix == 5) {
context_gestures_speed = 2000;
toastLog("滑动速度设定为\n" + context_gestures_speed + "毫秒");
sleep(2000);
}
files.createWithDirs("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/滑动返回速度.txt");
files.write("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/滑动返回速度.txt", context_gestures_speed);
}
}
if (files.exists("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/返回方法设置.txt") == true && files.exists("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/X返回方法设置.txt") == true) {
log("删除");
files.remove("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/X返回方法设置.txt");
dialogs_js();
} else if (files.exists("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/X返回方法设置.txt") == true) {
log("重命名");
files.rename("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/X返回方法设置.txt", "返回方法设置.txt");
dialogs_js();
}
}
} catch (e) {
log("未授予“存储权限”");
var options_hq = ["🔙 普通的返回\n(使用无障碍权限)", "#⃣ 使用ROOT返回\n(必须授予本软件ROOT权限)", "🔍 通过调用搜索界面进入\n（“曲线救国法” 若其它返回均失效\n 来尝试此方法吧）", "👉👉🏻👉🏼👉🏽👉🏾👉🏿 \n从屏幕中间从左向内滑动\n(全面屏手势返回 例如:小米MIUI)", " 👈🏿👈🏾👈🏽👈🏼👈🏻👈 \n从屏幕中间从右向内滑动\n(全面屏手势返回 例如:华为EMUI)", "👆👆🏻👆🏼👆🏽👆🏾👆🏿 \n从屏幕左侧下方向上滑动\n(全面屏手势返回 例如:锤子Smartisan UI)", " ☝🏿☝🏾☝🏽☝🏼☝🏻☝️ \n从屏幕右侧下方向上滑动\n(全面屏手势返回)"]
var i_back = dialogs.select(" Hi! ( ╹▽╹ )\n请选择一个方法\n用于实现返回操作", options_hq);
if (i_back >= 0) {
toastLog("您选择的是" + options_hq[i_back]);
sleep(2000);
var options_select = options_hq[i_back];
context_i_back = i_back;
} else {
toastLog("没有选择返回方法！");
device.cancelKeepingAwake();
}
if (i_back > 2) {
var options_hd = ["200毫秒\n(默认，如果太快请选其它)", "500毫秒", "800毫秒", "1秒(1000毫秒)", "1.5秒（1500毫秒）", "2秒（2000毫秒）"]
var iix = dialogs.select("Ok! (・∀・) 您选择了:\n" + options_select + "\n请选择滑动速度\n单位:毫秒（1秒=1000毫秒）", options_hd);
if (iix < 0) {
toastLog("没有选择滑动速度");
Set_Back_way();
} else {
if (iix == 0) {
context_gestures_speed = 200;
toastLog("滑动速度设定为\n" + context_gestures_speed + "毫秒");
sleep(2000);
}
if (iix == 1) {
context_gestures_speed = 500;
toastLog("滑动速度设定为\n" + context_gestures_speed + "毫秒");
sleep(2000);
}
if (iix == 2) {
context_gestures_speed = 800;
toastLog("滑动速度设定为\n" + context_gestures_speed + "毫秒");
sleep(2000);
}
if (iix == 3) {
context_gestures_speed = 1000;
toastLog("滑动速度设定为\n" + context_gestures_speed + "毫秒");
sleep(2000);
}
if (iix == 4) {
context_gestures_speed = 1500;
toastLog("滑动速度设定为\n" + context_gestures_speed + "毫秒");
sleep(2000);
}
if (iix == 5) {
context_gestures_speed = 2000;
toastLog("滑动速度设定为\n" + context_gestures_speed + "毫秒");
sleep(2000);
}
}
}
}
}
sleep(1000);
toastLog("等待无障碍权限开启……\n您必须手动授予本软件无障碍权限\n否则本软件将无法工作！");
auto.waitFor();
toastLog("无障碍权限已开启" + "\n" + "继续运行脚本……");
if (files.exists("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/吐司or日志.txt") == true) {
try {
let z = files.read("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/吐司or日志.txt");
if (z == "吐司") {
var T = 0;
} else if (z == "日志") {
var T = 1;
} else {
toastLog("“吐司or日志”文件错误，已尝试删除并使用默认日志");
try {
files.remove("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/吐司or日志.txt");
} catch (e) {
toastLog("删除“吐司or日志”文件失败！");
}
var T = 1;
}
} catch (e) {
if (T == null) {
log("未授予存储权限或存储权限错误，默认开启悬浮日志");
var T = 1;
}
}
} else {
try {
files.createWithDirs("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/吐司or日志.txt");
files.write("/storage/emulated/0/OrangeJs/种豆得豆自动脚本/吐司or日志.txt", "日志");
var T = 1;
log("默认使用日志，如需更改请在主菜单进行");
} catch (e) {
log("未授予存储权限或存储权限错误，默认开启悬浮日志");
var T = 1;
}
}
function wait_Time_over() {
var i_wait = dialogs.singleChoice("🕗 定时运行\n\n(＾∇＾)ﾉ♪\n请选择一个选项\n计时结束会自动运行", ["1分钟后运行", "5分钟后运行", "10分钟后运行", "30分钟后运行", "一小时后运行", "两小时后运行", "三小时后运行", "五小时后运行", "八小时后运行"], 2);
if (i_wait < 0) {
toast("您取消了选择");
device.cancelKeepingAwake();
dialogs_js();
}
if (i_wait >= 0) {
context_i_wait = i_wait;
}
if (i_wait == 0) {
var choice_confirm = dialogs.confirm("您选择了1分钟后运行", "点击确定进行一次设定返回操作的方法后，脚本将在您设定的时间结束后开始自动运行\n请不要清理本软件的后台或者锁屏手机等，否则可能会造成定时任务失效");
if (choice_confirm == false) {
toastLog("取消了定时运行确认");
wait_Time_over();
} else {
Set_Back_way();
waiting_time();
}
}
if (i_wait == 1) {
var choice_confirm = dialogs.confirm("您选择了5分钟后运行", "点击确定进行一次设定返回操作的方法后，脚本将在您设定的时间结束后开始自动运行\n请不要清理本软件的后台或者锁屏手机等，否则可能会造成定时任务失效");
if (choice_confirm == false) {
toastLog("取消了定时运行确认");
wait_Time_over();
} else {
Set_Back_way();
waiting_time();
}
}
if (i_wait == 2) {
var choice_confirm = dialogs.confirm("您选择了10分钟后运行", "点击确定进行一次设定返回操作的方法后，脚本将在您设定的时间结束后开始自动运行\n请不要清理本软件的后台或者锁屏手机等，否则可能会造成定时任务失效");
if (choice_confirm == false) {
toastLog("取消了定时运行确认");
wait_Time_over();
} else {
Set_Back_way();
waiting_time();
}
}
if (i_wait == 3) {
var choice_confirm = dialogs.confirm("您选择了30分钟后运行", "点击确定进行一次设定返回操作的方法后，脚本将在您设定的时间结束后开始自动运行\n请不要清理本软件的后台或者锁屏手机等，否则可能会造成定时任务失效");
if (choice_confirm == false) {
toastLog("取消了定时运行确认");
wait_Time_over();
} else {
Set_Back_way();
waiting_time();
}
}
if (i_wait == 4) {
var choice_confirm = dialogs.confirm("您选择了一小时后运行", "点击确定进行一次设定返回操作的方法后，脚本将在您设定的时间结束后开始自动运行\n请不要清理本软件的后台或者锁屏手机等，否则可能会造成定时任务失效");
if (choice_confirm == false) {
toastLog("取消了定时运行确认");
wait_Time_over();
} else {
Set_Back_way();
waiting_time();
}
}
if (i_wait == 5) {
var choice_confirm = dialogs.confirm("您选择了两小时后运行", "点击确定进行一次设定返回操作的方法后，脚本将在您设定的时间结束后开始自动运行\n请不要清理本软件的后台或者锁屏手机等，否则可能会造成定时任务失效");
if (choice_confirm == false) {
toastLog("取消了定时运行确认");
wait_Time_over();
} else {
Set_Back_way();
waiting_time();
}
}
if (i_wait == 6) {
var choice_confirm = dialogs.confirm("您选择了三小时后运行", "点击确定进行一次设定返回操作的方法后，脚本将在您设定的时间结束后开始自动运行\n请不要清理本软件的后台或者锁屏手机等，否则可能会造成定时任务失效");
if (choice_confirm == false) {
toastLog("取消了定时运行确认");
wait_Time_over();
} else {
Set_Back_way();
waiting_time();
}
}
if (i_wait == 7) {
var choice_confirm = dialogs.confirm("您选择了五小时后运行", "点击确定进行一次设定返回操作的方法后，脚本将在您设定的时间结束后开始自动运行\n请不要清理本软件的后台或者锁屏手机等，否则可能会造成定时任务失效");
if (choice_confirm == false) {
toastLog("取消了定时运行确认");
wait_Time_over
} else {
Set_Back_way();
waiting_time();
}
}
if (i_wait == 8) {
var choice_confirm = dialogs.confirm("您选择了八小时后运行", "点击确定进行一次设定返回操作的方法后，脚本将在您设定的时间结束后开始自动运行\n请不要清理本软件的后台或者锁屏手机等，否则可能会造成定时任务失效");
if (choice_confirm == false) {
toastLog("取消了定时运行确认");
wait_Time_over();
} else {
Set_Back_way();
waiting_time();
}
}
}
function waiting_time() {
//计时运行脚本
if (context_i_wait == 0) {
var Seconds = 60;
for (Seconds == 60; Seconds > 0; Seconds--) {
console.warn("【定时运行】计时中……\n" + Seconds + "秒后开始运行");
sleep(1000);
}
}
if (context_i_wait == 1) {
var Minutes = 4;
for (Minutes == 4; Minutes >= 0; Minutes--) {
if (Minutes >= 0) {
var Seconds = 60;
for (Seconds == 60; Seconds > 0; Seconds--) {
console.warn("【定时运行】计时中……\n" + Minutes + "分钟" + Seconds + "秒后开始运行");
sleep(1000);
}
}
}
}
if (context_i_wait == 2) {
var Minutes = 9;
for (Minutes == 9; Minutes >= 0; Minutes--) {
if (Minutes >= 0) {
var Seconds = 60;
for (Seconds == 60; Seconds > 0; Seconds--) {
console.warn("【定时运行】计时中……\n" + Minutes + "分钟" + Seconds + "秒后开始运行");
sleep(1000);
}
}
}
}
if (context_i_wait == 3) {
var Minutes = 29;
for (Minutes == 29; Minutes >= 0; Minutes--) {
if (Minutes >= 0) {
var Seconds = 60;
for (Seconds == 60; Seconds > 0; Seconds--) {
console.warn("【定时运行】计时中……\n" + Minutes + "分钟" + Seconds + "秒后开始运行");
sleep(1000);
}
}
}
}
if (context_i_wait == 4) {
var Minutes = 59;
for (Minutes == 59; Minutes >= 0; Minutes--) {
if (Minutes >= 0) {
var Seconds = 60;
for (Seconds == 60; Seconds > 0; Seconds--) {
console.warn("【定时运行】计时中……\n" + Minutes + "分钟" + Seconds + "秒后开始运行");
sleep(1000);
}
}
}
}
if (context_i_wait == 5) {
var Hours = 1;
for (Hours == 1; Hours >= 0; Hours--) {
var Minutes = 59;
for (Minutes == 59; Minutes >= 0; Minutes--) {
if (Minutes >= 0) {
var Seconds = 60;
for (Seconds == 60; Seconds > 0; Seconds--) {
console.warn("【定时运行】计时中……\n" + Hours + "小时" + Minutes + "分钟" + Seconds + "秒后开始运行");
sleep(1000);
}
}
}
}
}
if (context_i_wait == 6) {
var Hours = 2;
for (Hours == 2; Hours >= 0; Hours--) {
var Minutes = 59;
for (Minutes == 59; Minutes >= 0; Minutes--) {
if (Minutes >= 0) {
var Seconds = 60;
for (Seconds == 60; Seconds > 0; Seconds--) {
console.warn("【定时运行】计时中……\n" + Hours + "小时" + Minutes + "分钟" + Seconds + "秒后开始运行");
sleep(1000);
}
}
}
}
}
if (context_i_wait == 7) {
var Hours = 4;
for (Hours == 4; Hours >= 0; Hours--) {
var Minutes = 59;
for (Minutes == 59; Minutes >= 0; Minutes--) {
if (Minutes >= 0) {
var Seconds = 60;
for (Seconds == 60; Seconds > 0; Seconds--) {
console.warn("【定时运行】计时中……\n" + Hours + "小时" + Minutes + "分钟" + Seconds + "秒后开始运行");
sleep(1000);
}
}
}
}
}
if (context_i_wait == 8) {
var Hours = 7;
for (Hours == 7; Hours >= 0; Hours--) {
var Minutes = 59;
for (Minutes == 59; Minutes >= 0; Minutes--) {
if (Minutes >= 0) {
var Seconds = 60;
for (Seconds == 60; Seconds > 0; Seconds--) {
console.warn("【定时运行】计时中……\n" + Hours + "小时" + Minutes + "分钟" + Seconds + "秒后开始运行");
sleep(1000);
}
}
}
}
}
}
function DS() {
var While = 1;
while (While == 1) {
var 时 = dialogs.rawInput("🔵定时→定分→定秒→确认\n\n请输入0-23的小时数\n到此时间脚本会自动运行");
if (时 == null) {
//没有输入
toastLog("没有输入！返回主菜单");
var While = 0;
dialogs_js();
} else if (时 == "") {
//没有输入
toastLog("没有输入！返回主菜单");
var While = 0;
dialogs_js();
} else if (时 >= 0) {
if (时 < 24) {
var While = 2;
while (While == 2) {
var 分 = dialogs.rawInput("✔️定时🔵定分→定秒→确认\n\n请输入0-59的分钟数\n\n" + 时 + "时" + "❓分❓秒");
if (分 == null) {
toastLog("没有输入！返回上级");
var While = 1;
} else if (分 == null) {
toastLog("没有输入！返回上级");
var While = 1;
} else if (分 >= 0) {
if (分 < 60) {
var While = 3;
while (While == 3) {
var 秒 = dialogs.rawInput("✔️定时✔️定分🔵定秒→确认\n\n请输入0-59的秒数\n\n" + 时 + "时" + 分 + "分❓秒");
if (秒 == null) {
toastLog("没有输入！返回上级");
var While = 2;
} else if (秒 == null) {
toastLog("没有输入！返回上级");
var While = 2;
} else if (秒 >= 0) {
if (秒 < 60) {
var QR = dialogs.confirm("脚本将在\n⏰" + 时 + "时" + 分 + "分" + 秒 + "秒\n准时运行！", "如需更改请点击取消\n点击确定定时，定时状态可以在日志中查看");
if (QR == false) {
//返回主菜单
var While = 1;
} else {
var While = 0;
//仅定时运行一次
while (true) {
var myDate = new Date();
if (myDate.getHours() == 时 && myDate.getMinutes() == 分 && myDate.getSeconds() == 秒) {
console.warn("时间到！开始运行脚本！" + myDate.getHours() + "时" + myDate.getMinutes() + "分" + myDate.getSeconds() + "秒");
device.wakeUpIfNeeded();
break;
}
sleep(1000);
console.info("现在是" + myDate.getHours() + "时" + myDate.getMinutes() + "分" + myDate.getSeconds() + "秒\n脚本将在" + 时 + "时" + 分 + "分" + 秒 + "秒，准时运行！\n请保持手机处于工作状态，不要锁屏关机等");
}
}
} else {
toastLog("输入错误！秒必须小于等于60");
}
} else {
toastLog("输入错误！秒必须大于等于0");
}
}
} else {
toastLog("输入错误！分钟必须小于60");
}
} else {
toastLog("输入错误！分钟必须大于等于0");
}
}
} else {
toastLog("输入错误！时间必须小于24");
}
} else {
toastLog("输入错误！时间必须大于等于0");
}
}
}
//下面是悬浮窗
var window = floaty.window(
<frame>
<button id="action" text="点击停止脚本" w="120" h="40" bg="#F0EB4336"/>
</frame>
);
setInterval(() => {}, 1000);
var execution = null;
//记录按键被按下时的触摸坐标
var x = 0,
y = 0;
//记录按键被按下时的悬浮窗位置
var windowX, windowY;
//记录按键被按下的时间以便判断长按等动作
var downTime;
window.action.setOnTouchListener(function(view, event) {
switch (event.getAction()) {
case event.ACTION_DOWN:
x = event.getRawX();
y = event.getRawY();
windowX = window.getX();
windowY = window.getY();
downTime = new Date().getTime();
return true;
case event.ACTION_MOVE:
//移动手指时调整悬浮窗位置
window.setPosition(windowX + (event.getRawX() - x),
windowY + (event.getRawY() - y));
//如果按下的时间超过1.5秒判断为长按，退出脚本
if (new Date().getTime() - downTime > 1500) {
toast("长按可以移动位置哦～");
}
return true;
case event.ACTION_UP:
//手指弹起时如果偏移很小则判断为点击
if (Math.abs(event.getRawY() - y) < 5 && Math.abs(event.getRawX() - x) < 5) {
onClick();
}
return true;
}
return true;
});
function onClick() {
dialogs.alert("已停止运行脚本！");
log("用户点击了停止按钮");
exit();
}
function Justback() {
//💝💝💝💝💝使用用户设定的返回方法
if (context_i_back == 0) {
sleep(1000);
toastLog("使用普通的返回");
back();
sleep(2000);
}
if (context_i_back == 1) {
sleep(1000);
toastLog("使用ROOT返回\n请确保已给ROOT权限！");
Back();
sleep(2000);
}
if (context_i_back == 2) {
openInTask();
}
if (context_i_back == 3) {
sleep(1000);
toastLog("从屏幕中间从左向内滑动来返回");
gestures([context_gestures_speed, [0, height / 2],
[500, height / 2]
]);
sleep(2000);
}
if (context_i_back == 5) {
sleep(1000);
toastLog("从屏幕左侧下方向上滑动来返回");
gestures([context_gestures_speed, [width / 2 - 300, height - 1],
[width / 2 - 300, height - 500]
]);
sleep(2000);
}
if (context_i_back == 4) {
sleep(1000);
toastLog("从屏幕中间向从右向内滑动来返回");
gestures([context_gestures_speed, [width - 1, height / 2],
[width - 500, height / 2]
]);
sleep(2000);
}
if (context_i_back == 6) {
sleep(1000);
toastLog("从屏幕左侧下面向上面滑动来返回");
gestures([context_gestures_speed, [width / 2 + 300, height - 1],
[width / 2 + 300, height - 500]
]);
sleep(2000);
}
}
if (T == 1) {
log("使用“悬浮日志”");
function toastLog(message) {
log(message);
var myDate = new Date();
ui.run(() => {
w.WZ.setText(myDate.getHours() + "时" + myDate.getMinutes() + "分" + myDate.getSeconds() + "秒：" + message + "\n" + w.WZ.getText());
return true;
});
}
var w = floaty.rawWindow(
<card bg="#80000000">
<vertical align="center">
<img src="{{getStorageData('APPbasic', 'URLprefix')}}/OrangeJs-logoWhite.png" h="30" margin="0 10 0 5"/>//黑色logo
<text text="─ 当前脚本运行日志 ─" textSize="15" color="#FFFFFF" textStyle="bold" gravity="center" margin="0 0 0 5"/>
<text id="WZ" text="" textSize="15" color="#FFFFFF" marginLeft="10" gravity="left"/>
</vertical>
</card>
);
w.setSize(device.width, 500);
w.setTouchable(false);
w.setPosition(0, device.height - 500);
} else if (T == 0) {
log("使用脚本自带“吐司”");
}
function openInTask() {
while (true) {
if (className("android.view.View").desc("我的").findOnce() != null && text("种豆得豆").className("android.widget.TextView").findOnce() != null && text("瓜分亿万京豆").className("android.widget.TextView").findOnce() != null) {
if (text("种豆得豆").className("android.widget.TextView").findOnce().parent().clickable() == true) {
text("种豆得豆").className("android.widget.TextView").findOnce().parent().click();
toastLog("已尝试盲点“种豆得豆”入口按钮");
sleep(3000);
} else {
let a = text("种豆得豆").className("android.widget.TextView").findOnce().parent().bounds();
click(a.centerX(), a.centerY());
toastLog("已尝试点击“种豆得豆”入口按钮");
sleep(3000);
}
break;
} else if (className("android.view.View").desc("我的").findOnce() != null) {
className("android.view.View").desc("我的").findOnce().click();
toastLog("已尝试点击京东主页“我的”按钮");
sleep(2000);
} else if (currentPackage() != "com.jingdong.app.mall") {
app.startActivity({
action: "android.intent.action.VIEW", //此处可为其他值
packageName: "com.jingdong.app.mall",
className: "com.jingdong.app.mall.main.MainActivity"
//此处可以加入其他内容，如data、extras
});
toastLog("当前未处于京东APP中，正在重新打开京东……");
console.warn("当前活动：" + currentActivity() + "，当前包名：" + currentPackage() + "当前应用名：" + getAppName(currentPackage()));
sleep(2000);
} else {
if (className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce() != null) {
className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce().click();
toastLog("已尝试点击“返回”按钮");
} else {
Justback();
}
sleep(2000);
}
}
for (var d = 10; d > 0; d--) {
if (MakeSureInHD() == true) {
break
} else {
toastLog("正在等待“种豆得豆”活动界面加载，剩余" + d + "秒……");
sleep(2000);
}
}
if (MakeSureInHD() == false) {
openInTask();
}
}
function MakeSureInHD() {
if (className("android.widget.TextView").text("收取营养液").findOnce() != null) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
function DoTask() {
if (id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce() != null &&
id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().childCount() > 0 &&
id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).childCount() == 2 &&
id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).className() == "android.view.ViewGroup" &&
id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(1).className() == "android.widget.ImageView"
) {
let a = id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(1);
if (a.clickable() == true) {
a.click();
toastLog("已尝试盲点“收豆蒙版”按钮");
} else {
let b = a.bounds();
click(b.centerX(), b.centerY());
toastLog("已尝试点击“收豆蒙版”按钮");
}
sleep(3000);
if (className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce() != null && className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce().parent().childCount() == 4 &&
className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce().parent().child(0).className() == "android.widget.TextView" && className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce().parent().child(1).className() == "android.widget.TextView" && className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce().parent().child(2).className() == "android.widget.TextView" && className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce().parent().child(3).className() == "android.widget.TextView") {
toastLog(className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce().parent().child(0).text() + className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce().parent().child(1).text() + className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce().parent().child(2).text() + className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce().parent().child(3).text())
}
if (className("android.widget.TextView").text("收下京豆").findOnce() != null) {
let b = className("android.widget.TextView").text("收下京豆").findOnce().bounds();
click(b.centerX(), b.centerY());
sleep(3000);
}
} else if (className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce() != null &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).childCount() > 7 &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(7).childCount() > 0 &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(7).child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(7).child(0).child(0).childCount() > 1 &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(7).child(0).child(0).child(1).className() == "android.widget.ImageView" &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(7).child(0).child(0).child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(7).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).className() == "android.widget.ImageView") {
let a = className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/aba").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(7).child(0).child(0).child(1).bounds();
click(a.centerX(), a.centerY());
toastLog("已尝试点击“收取提醒小手”");
sleep(3000);
if (className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce() != null && className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce().parent().childCount() == 4 &&
className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce().parent().child(0).className() == "android.widget.TextView" && className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce().parent().child(1).className() == "android.widget.TextView" && className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce().parent().child(2).className() == "android.widget.TextView" && className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce().parent().child(3).className() == "android.widget.TextView") {
toastLog(className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce().parent().child(0).text() + className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce().parent().child(1).text() + className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce().parent().child(2).text() + className("android.widget.TextView").text("上轮您的豆豆成长值为").findOnce().parent().child(3).text())
}
if (className("android.widget.TextView").text("收下京豆").findOnce() != null) {
let b = className("android.widget.TextView").text("收下京豆").findOnce().bounds();
click(b.centerX(), b.centerY());
sleep(3000);
}
}
let ShouQu = ["好友帮收", "逛逛会场", "点击领取", "营养液", "每日签到", "618活动", "浏览店铺", "挑选商品", "金融双签", "疯抢爆品", "收取好友", "低价包邮", "高考加油", "千万京豆"];
for (let a = 0; a < ShouQu.length; a++) {
while (className("android.widget.TextView").text(ShouQu[a]).findOnce() != null && className("android.widget.TextView").text(ShouQu[a]).findOnce().parent().child(0).childCount() > 2 && className("android.widget.TextView").text(ShouQu[a]).findOnce().parent().child(0).child(2).className() == "android.widget.TextView") {
let b = className("android.widget.TextView").text(ShouQu[a]).findOnce().parent().child(0).child(2);
click(b.bounds().centerX(), b.bounds().centerY());
toastLog("已尝试点击“" + ShouQu[a] + b.text() + "”");
sleep(2000);
}
}
if (className("android.widget.ScrollView").findOnce() != null && className("android.widget.ScrollView").findOnce().childCount() > 0 && className("android.widget.ScrollView").findOnce().child(0).childCount() > 2) {
let a = className("android.widget.ScrollView").findOnce().child(0).child(className("android.widget.ScrollView").findOnce().child(0).childCount() - 2).bounds();
click(a.centerX(), a.centerY());
toastLog("已尝试点击“全部任务”按钮");
sleep(2000);
} else if (className("android.widget.TextView").text("收取营养液").findOnce() != null && className("android.widget.TextView").text("收取营养液").findOnce().parent().className() == "android.view.ViewGroup" && className("android.widget.TextView").text("收取营养液").findOnce().parent().parent().childCount() > 14) {
let a = className("android.widget.TextView").text("收取营养液").findOnce().parent().parent().child(13).bounds();
click(a.centerX(), a.centerY());
toastLog("已尝试点击“全部任务”按钮");
sleep(2000);
}
var ax = 0;
var DoNotDoPJRW = null;
var DoNotDoGGHC = null;
while (true) {
if (className("android.widget.TextView").text("全部任务").findOnce() != null && className("android.widget.TextView").text("全部任务").findOnce().parent().child(className("android.widget.TextView").text("全部任务").findOnce().parent().childCount() - 1).className() == "android.widget.ScrollView") {
var A = className("android.widget.TextView").text("全部任务").findOnce().parent().child(className("android.widget.TextView").text("全部任务").findOnce().parent().childCount() - 1);
var B = A.child(0);
} else if (className("android.widget.TextView").textContains("当前通过任务获得").findOnce() != null &&
className("android.widget.TextView").textContains("当前通过任务获得").findOnce().parent().parent().childCount() > 2 &&
className("android.widget.TextView").textContains("当前通过任务获得").findOnce().parent().parent().child(2).className() == "android.widget.ScrollView" &&
className("android.widget.TextView").textContains("当前通过任务获得").findOnce().parent().parent().child(2).childCount() == 1) {
var B = className("android.widget.TextView").textContains("当前通过任务获得").findOnce().parent().parent().child(2).child(0);
}
toastLog("任务列表可滑动区域为：" + B.bounds().top + "," + B.bounds().bottom);
if (ax >= B.childCount()) {
break;
} else {
try {
if (B.child(ax).child(0).childCount() > 1 && B.child(ax).child(0).child(1).className() == "android.widget.TextView") {
var RwTitle = B.child(ax).child(0).child(1).text();
} else if (B.child(ax).child(0).childCount() > 0 && B.child(ax).child(0).child(0).childCount() > 1 && B.child(ax).child(0).child(0).child(1).className() == "android.widget.TextView") {
var RwTitle = B.child(ax).child(0).child(0).child(1).text();
}
if (B.child(ax).childCount() > 0 &&
B.child(ax).child(0).childCount() > 2 &&
B.child(ax).child(0).child(2).childCount() > 1 &&
B.child(ax).child(0).child(2).child(1).className() == "android.widget.TextView") {
var ZhuangTai = B.child(ax).child(0).child(2).child(1).text();
} else if (B.child(ax).childCount() > 0 &&
B.child(ax).child(0).childCount() > 2 &&
B.child(ax).child(0).child(2).childCount() > 0 &&
B.child(ax).child(0).child(2).child(0).className() == "android.widget.TextView") {
var ZhuangTai = B.child(ax).child(0).child(2).child(0).text();
}
log(ZhuangTai);
if (B.child(ax).childCount() > 0 &&
B.child(ax).child(0).childCount() > 5 &&
B.child(ax).child(0).child(5).className() == "android.view.ViewGroup") {
var Button = B.child(ax).child(0).child(5).child(0);
} else if (B.child(ax).childCount() > 0 &&
B.child(ax).child(0).childCount() > 4 &&
B.child(ax).child(0).child(4).className() == "android.widget.TextView") {
var Button = B.child(ax).child(0).child(4);
} else if (B.child(ax).childCount() > 0 &&
B.child(ax).child(0).childCount() > 4 &&
B.child(ax).child(0).child(4).className() == "android.view.ViewGroup") {
var Button = B.child(ax).child(0).child(4).child(0);
}
log(RwTitle, ZhuangTai, Button.text());
} catch (e) {
console.warn("当前活动：" + currentActivity() + "，当前包名：" + currentPackage() + "当前应用名：" + getAppName(currentPackage()));
toastLog("当前未处于“任务列表”界面或返回任务界面出错，正在重新进入:" + e);
openInTask();
DoTask();
}
if (ZhuangTai.search("/") > 0) {
let Start = ZhuangTai.search("/");
now = null;
xz = null;
i = Start - 1;
while (true) {
if (now != null && isNaN(ZhuangTai[i]) == true) {
break;
} else if (now == null) {
var now = ZhuangTai[i];
} else {
var now = ZhuangTai[i] + now;
}
i--;
}
i = Start + 1;
while (true) {
if (xz != null && isNaN(ZhuangTai[i]) == true) {
break;
} else if (xz == null) {
var xz = ZhuangTai[i];
} else {
var xz = xz + ZhuangTai[i];
}
i++;
}
} else {
log("无法确定任务上限及当前完成数，请联系开发者解决", "任务名状态名：" + ZhuangTai);
alert("无法确定任务上限及当前完成数，请联系开发者解决", "任务名状态名：" + ZhuangTai);
exit();
}
toastLog("当前任务完成已完成" + now + "次，当前任务上限为" + xz + "次");
if (Button.bounds().centerY() > B.bounds().bottom - 10) {
swipe(B.bounds().centerX(), B.bounds().centerY(), B.bounds().centerX(), B.bounds().centerY() - 500, 500);
toastLog("已尝试上滑当前任务页，滑动前按钮“" + Button.text() + "”中心点Y坐标为：" + Button.bounds().centerY());
sleep(1000);
} else if (Button.bounds().centerY() < B.bounds().top) {
swipe(B.bounds().centerX(), B.bounds().centerY(), B.bounds().centerX(), B.bounds().centerY() + 500, 500);
toastLog("已尝试下滑当前任务页，滑动前按钮“" + Button.text() + "”中心点Y坐标为：" + Button.bounds().centerY());
sleep(1000);
} else if (now != xz && RwTitle != "逛逛会场" && RwTitle != "评价商品" && RwTitle != "好友助力" || now != xz && RwTitle == "逛逛会场" && DoNotDoGGHC == null && now == 0 || now != xz && RwTitle == "评价商品" && DoNotDoPJRW == null) {
if (Button.clickable() == true) {
Button.click();
toastLog("已尝试盲点“" + Button.text() + "”按钮");
} else {
let a = Button.bounds();
click(a.centerX(), a.centerY());
toastLog("已尝试点击“" + Button.text() + "”按钮");
}
sleep(3000);
for (var JustWait = 10; JustWait > 0; JustWait--) {
if (className("android.widget.TextView").text("进店任务").findOnce() != null) { //浏览店铺
var limit = Number(xz);
var over = 0;
var ALL = className("android.widget.TextView").text("进店并关注").find().size();
try {
var X = className("android.widget.ScrollView").findOnce().bounds();
log(X);
} catch (e) {
console.warn("当前活动：" + currentActivity() + "，当前包名：" + currentPackage() + "当前应用名：" + getAppName(currentPackage()));
toastLog("未成功进入“进店并关注”菜单界面，正在重试中……");
openInTask();
DoTask();
}
toastLog("【“进店并关注”数量】：" + ALL + "【可点击区域】：" + X.top, X.bottom);
for (var i = 0; i <= ALL; i++) {
while (true) {
log(over, limit);
if (over >= limit) {
toastLog("“进店并关注”获得营养液已达每日上限" + limit + "，返回继续进行下一任务");
if (className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce() != null) {
className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce().click();
} else {
Justback();
}
sleep(3000);
var i = ALL;
var JustWait = 0;
break;
} else if (i >= ALL) {
toastLog("已找完全部" + ALL + "个店铺，在浏览" + i + "个店铺后共找到" + over + "瓶营养液，但未达到今日" + limit + "个上限")
if (className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce() != null) {
className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce().click();
} else {
Justback();
}
sleep(3000);
var JustWait = 0;
break;
} else {
let a = className("android.widget.TextView").text("进店并关注").findOnce(i);
if (a == null) {
toastLog("找不到“进店并关注”按钮，正在重新尝试中……");
openInTask();
DoTask();
var JustWait = 0;
break;
} else if (a.bounds().top != X.top && a.bounds().bottom != X.bottom) {
toastLog("【已点击】第" + i + "个“进店并关注”范围为：" + a.bounds().centerX(), a.bounds().centerY(), "上边缘点下边缘点分别为：" + a.bounds().top, a.bounds().bottom);
click(a.bounds().centerX(), a.bounds().centerY());
sleep(3000);
if (currentActivity() == "com.jd.lib.jshop.jshop.JshopMainShopActivity" || className("android.widget.EditText").findOnce() != null) {
for (var z = 5; z > 0; z--) {
if (className("android.view.View").text("营养液走丢了～").findOnce() != null) {
var z = 0;
if (className("android.view.View").text("营养液走丢了～").findOnce().parent().parent().childCount() == 3) {
var za = className("android.view.View").text("营养液走丢了～").findOnce().parent().parent().child(2).child(1);
} else if (className("android.view.View").text("营养液走丢了～").findOnce().parent().parent().childCount() == 2) {
var za = className("android.view.View").text("营养液走丢了～").findOnce().parent().parent().child(1).child(1);
}
if (za.clickable() == true) {
za.click();
toastLog("营养液走丢了～已盲点“继续找营养液”");
} else {
let zb = za.bounds();
click(zb.centerX(), zb.centerY());
toastLog("营养液走丢了～已点击“继续找营养液（" + zb.centerX(), zb.centerY() + "）”");
}
sleep(3000);
} else if (className("android.view.View").text("1个营养液").findOnce() != null || className("android.view.View").textContains("个营养液").findOnce() != null) {
var z = 0;
if (className("android.view.View").text("1个营养液").findOnce() != null && className("android.view.View").text("1个营养液").findOnce().parent().parent().childCount() == 3) {
var zat = className("android.view.View").text("1个营养液").findOnce();
var za = className("android.view.View").text("1个营养液").findOnce().parent().parent().child(2).child(1);
} else if (className("android.view.View").textContains("个营养液").findOnce() != null && className("android.view.View").textContains("个营养液").findOnce().parent().parent().childCount() == 3) {
var zat = className("android.view.View").textContains("个营养液").findOnce();
var za = className("android.view.View").textContains("个营养液").findOnce().parent().parent().child(2).child(1);
} else if (className("android.view.View").text("1个营养液").findOnce() != null && className("android.view.View").text("1个营养液").findOnce().parent().parent().childCount() == 2) {
var zat = className("android.view.View").text("1个营养液").findOnce();
var za = className("android.view.View").text("1个营养液").findOnce().parent().parent().child(1).child(1);
} else if (className("android.view.View").textContains("个营养液").findOnce() != null && className("android.view.View").textContains("个营养液").findOnce().parent().parent().childCount() == 2) {
var zat = className("android.view.View").textContains("个营养液").findOnce();
var za = className("android.view.View").textContains("个营养液").findOnce().parent().parent().child(1).child(1);
}
if (za.clickable() == true) {
za.click();
toastLog("已找到" + zat.text() + "～已盲点“继续找营养液”");
} else {
let zb = za.bounds();
click(zb.centerX(), zb.centerY());
toastLog("已找到" + zat.text() + "～已点击“继续找营养液（" + zb.centerX(), zb.centerY() + "）”");
}
over++;
sleep(3000);
} else {
toastLog("正在浏览第" + i + "个店铺，剩余" + z + "秒后返回……");
sleep(2500);
}
}
if (currentActivity() == "com.jd.lib.jshop.jshop.JshopMainShopActivity" || className("android.widget.EditText").findOnce() != null) {
toastLog("仍然处于店铺中正在尝试返回种豆得豆界面");
Justback();
sleep(3000);
}
}
break;
} else if (a.bounds().top == X.top) {
swipe(X.centerX(), X.centerY(), X.centerX(), X.centerY() + 300, 500);
} else if (a.bounds().bottom == X.bottom) {
swipe(X.centerX(), X.centerY(), X.centerX(), X.centerY() - 300, 500);
}
}
}
}
} else if (text("关注频道任务").id("fd").findOnce() != null) {
var limit = Number(xz);
var over = 0;
try {
var X = id("fd").findOnce().bounds();
} catch (e) {
console.warn("当前活动：" + currentActivity() + "，当前包名：" + currentPackage() + "当前应用名：" + getAppName(currentPackage()));
toastLog("未成功进入“进入并关注”菜单界面，正在重试中……");
openInTask();
DoTask();
}
var ALL = className("android.view.View").text("进入并关注").find().size();
toastLog("【“进入并关注”数量】：" + ALL + "【可点击区域】：" + X.bottom, device.height);
for (var i = 0; i <= ALL; i++) {
while (true) {
if (over >= limit) {
toastLog("“进入并关注”获得营养液已达每日上限" + limit + "，返回继续进行下一任务");
if (className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce() != null) {
className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce().click();
} else {
Justback();
}
sleep(3000);
var i = ALL;
var JustWait = 0;
break;
} else if (i >= ALL) {
toastLog("已找完全部" + ALL + "个店铺，在浏览" + i + "个店铺后共找到" + over + "瓶营养液，但未达到今日" + limit + "个上限")
if (className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce() != null) {
className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce().click();
} else {
Justback();
}
sleep(3000);
var JustWait = 0;
break;
} else {
let a = className("android.view.View").text("进入并关注").findOnce(i);
if (a == null) {
toastLog("找不到“进入并关注”按钮，正在重新尝试中……");
openInTask();
DoTask();
var JustWait = 0;
break;
} else if (a.clickable() == true) {
a.click();
toastLog("已盲点第" + i + "个“进入并关注”");
for (let deng = 3; deng > 0; deng--) {
if (className("android.view.View").text("恭喜获得1瓶营养液").findOnce() != null) {
toastLog("恭喜获得1瓶营养液");
over++;
break;
} else if (className("android.view.View").text("营养液走丢了，继续寻找吧~").findOnce() != null) {
toastLog("营养液走丢了，继续寻找吧~");
break;
} else {
toastLog("正在尝试查找“点击提示”，剩余" + deng + "秒……");
sleep(1000);
}
}
for (let a = 5; a > 0; a--) {
toastLog("正在等待活动加载，剩余" + a + "秒……");
sleep(1000);
}
if (id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/fd").text("关注频道任务").findOnce() == null) {
if (className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce() != null) {
className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce().click();
sleep(3000);
} else {
Justback();
sleep(3000);
}
} else {
toastLog("点击后未完成活动或未成功点击");
sleep(2000);
}
break;
} else if (a.bounds().top > X.bottom && a.bounds().bottom != device.height) {
toastLog("【已点击】第" + i + "个“进入并关注”范围为：" + a.bounds().centerX(), a.bounds().centerY(), "上边缘点下边缘点分别为：" + a.bounds().top, a.bounds().bottom);
click(a.bounds().centerX(), a.bounds().centerY());
if (className("android.view.View").text("恭喜获得1瓶营养液").findOne(5000) != null) {
toastLog("恭喜获得1瓶营养液");
over++;
}
for (let a = 5; a > 0; a--) {
toastLog("正在等待活动加载，剩余" + a + "秒……");
sleep(2500);
}
if (id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/fd").text("关注频道任务").findOnce() == null) {
if (className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce() != null) {
className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce().click();
toastLog("已尝试盲点返回按钮");
sleep(3000);
} else {
Justback();
sleep(3000);
}
}
break;
} else if (a.bounds().top <= X.bottom) {
swipe(device.width / 2, device.height / 2, device.width / 2, device.height / 2 + 300, 500);
} else if (a.bounds().bottom == device.height) {
swipe(device.width / 2, device.height / 2, device.width / 2, device.height / 2 - 300, 500);
}
}
}
}
} else if (currentActivity() == "com.jingdong.common.jdreactFramework.activities.JDReactNativeCommonActivity" && className("android.widget.TextView").text("签到领京豆").findOnce() != null) {
if (className("android.widget.TextView").text("签到领京豆").findOnce() != null) {
let a = className("android.widget.TextView").text("签到领京豆").findOnce().bounds();
click(a.centerX(), a.centerY());
toastLog("已尝试点击“签到领京豆”按钮");
for (let dengw = 10; dengw > 0; dengw--) {
if (className("android.widget.Image").text("rqgw7ZXmQDKLeno6UJDwD4AAObPazg9A5AddKkSX").findOnce() != null) {
click(className("android.widget.Image").text("rqgw7ZXmQDKLeno6UJDwD4AAObPazg9A5AddKkSX").findOnce().bounds().centerX(), className("android.widget.Image").text("rqgw7ZXmQDKLeno6UJDwD4AAObPazg9A5AddKkSX").findOnce().bounds().centerY());
toastLog("已尝试点击“查看签到成功”按钮");
sleep(2000);
} else if (className("android.view.View").text("今日签到成功奖励").findOnce() != null && className("android.view.View").text("今日签到成功奖励").findOnce().parent().parent().parent().childCount() > 1 &&
className("android.view.View").text("今日签到成功奖励").findOnce().parent().parent().parent().child(1).childCount() > 0 && className("android.view.View").text("今日签到成功奖励").findOnce().parent().parent().parent().child(1).child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
className("android.view.View").text("今日签到成功奖励").findOnce().parent().parent().parent().child(1).child(0).child(0).childCount() > 2 && className("android.view.View").text("今日签到成功奖励").findOnce().parent().parent().parent().child(1).child(0).child(0).child(2).text() != "" && className("android.view.View").text("今日签到成功奖励").findOnce().parent().parent().parent().child(1).child(0).child(0).child(2).text() != null) {
toastLog("今日签到成功奖励：" + className("android.view.View").text("今日签到成功奖励").findOnce().parent().parent().parent().child(1).child(0).child(0).child(2).text() + "个京豆");
sleep(2000);
break;
} else if (className("android.widget.TextView").text("今日签到成功奖励").findOnce() != null && className("android.widget.TextView").text("今日签到成功奖励").findOnce().parent().parent().parent().childCount() > 1 &&
className("android.widget.TextView").text("今日签到成功奖励").findOnce().parent().parent().parent().child(1).childCount() > 0 && className("android.widget.TextView").text("今日签到成功奖励").findOnce().parent().parent().parent().child(1).child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
className("android.widget.TextView").text("今日签到成功奖励").findOnce().parent().parent().parent().child(1).child(0).child(0).childCount() > 2 && className("android.widget.TextView").text("今日签到成功奖励").findOnce().parent().parent().parent().child(1).child(0).child(0).child(2).text() != "" && className("android.widget.TextView").text("今日签到成功奖励").findOnce().parent().parent().parent().child(1).child(0).child(0).child(2).text() != null) {
toastLog("今日签到成功奖励：" + className("android.widget.TextView").text("今日签到成功奖励").findOnce().parent().parent().parent().child(1).child(0).child(0).child(2).text() + "个京豆");
sleep(2000);
break;
} else if (className("android.widget.TextView").text("签到成功，").findOnce() != null) {
try {
let a = className("android.widget.TextView").text("签到成功，").findOnce();
let b = a.parent().child(a.drawingOrder()).text();
let c = a.parent().child(a.drawingOrder() + 3).text();
toastLog(a.text() + b + "京豆x" + c);
sleep(2000);
break;
} catch (e) {
log(e);
}
} else {
toastLog("正在等待“签到成功”界面加载，剩余" + dengw + "秒……");
sleep(1000);
}
}
for (let f = 2; f > 0; f--) {
if (className("android.view.ViewGroup").depth(1).findOnce() != null) {
let ba = className("android.view.ViewGroup").depth(1).findOnce().bounds();
click(ba.centerX(), ba.centerY());
toastLog("已尝试点击“返回按钮”");
sleep(2000);
} else {
Justback();
sleep(2000);
}
}
var JustWait = 0;
} else if (className("android.widget.TextView").text("已连续签到").findOnce() != null) {
let b = className("android.widget.TextView").text("已连续签到").findOne().parent();
console.warn("若看到此日志，请截图提醒开发者！此处代码不应该运行的哦。");
if (b.childCount() != 3) {
toastLog("今日已签到，本处代码不应该运行的。");
} else {
toastLog(b.child(0).text() + b.child(1).text() + b.child(2).text());
}
if (className("android.view.ViewGroup").depth(1).findOnce() != null) {
let ba = className("android.view.ViewGroup").depth(1).findOnce().bounds();
click(ba.centerX(), ba.centerY());
toastLog("已尝试点击“返回按钮”");
sleep(2000);
} else {
Justback();
sleep(2000);
}
var JustWait = 0;
} else {
console.warn("当前活动：" + currentActivity() + "，当前包名：" + currentPackage() + "当前应用名：" + getAppName(currentPackage()));
toastLog("错误！未找到“签到领京豆”按钮，重新进入并重试中……");
openInTask();
DoTask();
var JustWait = 0;
}
} else if (className("android.widget.TextView").text("已获得").findOnce() != null) {
var limit = Number(xz);
var over = 0;
var i = 1;
while (true) {
let as = className("android.widget.TextView").text("x6").find();
for (var ii = 0; ii < className("android.widget.TextView").text("x6").find().length; ii++) {
if (className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/abb").findOnce() != null &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/abb").findOnce().child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/abb").findOnce().child(0).child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/abb").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/abb").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/abb").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/abb").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).childCount() > 0 &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/abb").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).childCount() > 4 &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/abb").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(4).childCount() > 2 &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/abb").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(4).child(2).childCount() > 0 &&
className("android.widget.LinearLayout").id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/abb").findOnce().child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(0).child(4).child(2).child(0).text() == "已完成") {
toastLog("已成功完成“挑选商品”任务，正在尝试返回");
if (className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce() != null) {
className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce().click();
} else {
Justback();
}
sleep(3000);
var JustWait = 0;
var ii = -1;
} else if (as.get(ii) != null &&
as.get(ii).parent().childCount() > 0 &&
as.get(ii).parent().child(as.get(ii).parent().childCount() - 1).childCount() > 0 &&
as.get(ii).parent().child(as.get(ii).parent().childCount() - 1).child(0).text() == "已完成") {
toastLog("已成功完成“挑选商品”任务，正在尝试返回");
if (className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce() != null) {
className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce().click();
} else {
Justback();
}
sleep(3000);
var JustWait = 0;
var ii = -1;
}
}
if (ii == -1) {
break;
} else {
try {
let p = className("android.widget.TextView").text("已获得").findOnce().parent().parent();
let o = p.parent().child(p.parent().childCount() - 2);
var C = o.child(0).child(0).child(2).child(0);
let n = o.child(1).text();
var Now = Number(n);
let b = o.child(2).text();
var ALL = b.replace("/", "");
} catch (e) {
log(e);
console.warn("当前活动：" + currentActivity() + "，当前包名：" + currentPackage() + "当前应用名：" + getAppName(currentPackage()));
toastLog("未处于进入“选ta并关注”菜单界面，正在重试中……");
openInTask();
DoTask();
var JustWait = 0;
break;
}
toastLog("当前为第" + Now + "个卡片，卡片总数为" + ALL);
if (over >= limit) {
toastLog("“选ta并关注”获得营养液已达每日上限" + limit + "，返回继续进行下一任务");
if (className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce() != null) {
className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce().click();
} else {
Justback();
}
sleep(3000);
var JustWait = 0;
break;
} else if (i > ALL) {
toastLog("已找完全部" + ALL + "个店铺，在浏览" + i + "个店铺后共找到" + over + "瓶营养液，但未达到今日" + limit + "个上限")
if (className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce() != null) {
className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce().click();
} else {
Justback();
}
sleep(3000);
var JustWait = 0;
break;
} else {
if (Now != i) {
if (Now < i) {
swipe(C.bounds().centerX(), C.bounds().centerY(), 0, C.bounds().centerY(), 500);
} else if (Now > i) {
swipe(C.bounds().centerX(), C.bounds().centerY(), C.bounds().width(), C.bounds().centerY(), 500);
}
toastLog("已尝试按顺序滑动至第" + i + "个卡片");
sleep(2000);
} else {
let a = C.child(C.childCount() - 1).bounds();
click(a.centerX(), a.centerY());
toastLog("已尝试点击“选ta并关注”按钮");
if (text("关注成功，获得1瓶营养液").findOne(5000) != null) {
toastLog("关注成功，获得1瓶营养液");
over++;
}
for (let deng = 3; deng > 0; deng--) {
if (text("关注成功，获得1瓶营养液").findOnce() != null || desc("关注成功，获得1瓶营养液").findOnce() != null) {
toastLog("关注成功，获得1瓶营养液");
over++;
break;
} else if (text("营养液走丢了，继续寻找吧~").findOnce() != null) {
toastLog("营养液走丢了，继续寻找吧~");
break;
} else {
toastLog("正在尝试查找“点击提示”，剩余" + deng + "秒……");
sleep(1000);
}
}
for (var loop = 5; loop > 0; loop--) {
if (currentActivity() == "com.jd.lib.productdetail.ProductDetailActivity" || id("com.jd.lib.productdetail:id/akl").findOnce() != null) {
var loop = 0;
sleep(2000);
if (className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce() != null) {
className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce().click();
toastLog("已盲点返回");
sleep(3000);
} else {
Justback();
sleep(3000);
}
} else {
toastLog("正在等待商品页加载，剩余" + loop + "秒……");
sleep(2000);
}
}
i++;
}
}
}
}
} else if (id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/fd").text("评价中心").findOnce() != null && text("没有待评价的商品哦~").findOnce() != null) {
var DoNotDoPJRW = 1;
toastLog("评价商品任务内无任何商品可评价");
if (className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce() != null) {
className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce().click();
} else {
Justback();
}
sleep(3000);
var JustWait = 0;
} else if (id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/fd").text("评价中心").findOnce() != null) {
for (let i = 1; i > 0; i--) {
if (id("com.jd.lib.evaluatecenter:id/abm").className("android.widget.TextView").clickable(true).text("评价").findOnce() != null) {
id("com.jd.lib.evaluatecenter:id/abm").className("android.widget.TextView").clickable(true).text("评价").findOnce().click();
toastLog("已尝试点击第" + i + "个评价按钮");
sleep(3000);
if (id("com.jd.lib.evaluatecenter:id/akh").text("匿名评价").findOnce() != null && id("com.jd.lib.evaluatecenter:id/akh").text("匿名评价").findOnce().checked() == false) {
id("com.jd.lib.evaluatecenter:id/akh").text("匿名评价").findOnce().click();
toastLog("已尝试点击“匿名评价”按钮");
sleep(3000);
}
if (id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/a9b").className("android.widget.TextView").text("提交").clickable(true).findOnce() != null) {
id("com.jingdong.app.mall:id/a9b").className("android.widget.TextView").text("提交").clickable(true).findOnce().click();
toastLog("已尝试点击“提交评价”按钮");
sleep(3000);
for (let a = 2; a > 0; a--) {
if (desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce() != null) {
desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce().click();
toastLog("已尝试盲点“返回按钮”");
sleep(2000);
} else {
Justback();
sleep(1000);
}
}
}
} else {
toastLog("当前已无任何可评价商品");
if (desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce() != null) {
desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce().click();
toastLog("已尝试盲点“返回按钮”");
sleep(2000);
} else {
Justback();
sleep(1000);
}
}
}
var DoNotDoPJRW = 1;
toastLog("评价商品任务已完成");
var JustWait = 0;
} else {
toastLog("正在等待任务界面加载，剩余" + JustWait + "秒……");
sleep(1000);
}
}
if (RwTitle == "逛逛会场") {
var DoNotDoGGHC = 1;
}
if (MakeSureInHD() == false) {
toastLog("尝试返回“任务列表”界面");
if (className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce() != null) {
className("android.widget.ImageView").desc("返回").clickable(true).findOnce().click();
} else {
Justback();
}
sleep(3000);
}
} else {
if (now == xz) {
toastLog("【任务已完成】" + RwTitle + "(" + ZhuangTai + ")");
} else {
toastLog("【已跳过】" + RwTitle + "(" + ZhuangTai + ")");
}
ax++;
}
}
}
alert("“种豆得豆自动脚本”：\n任务已完成");
exit();
}
firstD();
function firstD() {
if (context_Manualstate == 1) {
toastLog("已手动模式运行脚本");
var options = ["等待20秒", "等待30秒", "等待50秒", "等待60秒", "等待10秒"]
var i = dialogs.select("🔧以“手动模式”运行脚本\n\n接下来您需要在提示出现后自行打开京东APP至活动页”\n\n请选择脚本等待您打开京东的时间", options);
if (i >= 0) {
toast("您选择的是" + options[i]);
} else if (i < 0) {
toastLog("您取消了选择");
dialogs_js();
firstD();
}
if (i == 0) {
//等待20秒
var deng = 20;
} else if (i == 1) {
//等待30秒
var deng = 30;
} else if (i == 2) {
//等待50秒
var deng = 50;
} else if (i == 3) {
//等待60秒
var deng = 60;
} else if (i == 4) {
//等待10秒
var deng = 10;
}
for (deng = deng; deng > 0; deng--) {
toastLog("请打开京东至种豆得豆的主界面\n剩余" + deng + "秒后运行脚本...");
sleep(1111);
}
DoTask();
} else {
openInTask();
DoTask();
}
} |
The Letter "I have escaped and need help. I am at the Christmas location.
You understand. No need to risk address here. My safety depends on you coming at once.
Your best friend, Elwin Leper Lepellier. The letter at the end of chapter nine presents provocative and unexpected new events in this novel. Let's first understand where Leper is coming from. He had enlisted in the Army a few months earlier and was just sent off to the war. Recruiting agents that had come to Devon campus right after the time of Finny's broken leg and had recruited him. Finny had always felt that the war was highly implausible, a fluke organized by little fat men. Gene also felt skeptical about the war but only because the thought of it not being real was brought up by Finny. Next, we consider the relationship between the various boys at the time.
The first public telegram in America, "What hath G...
Leper King Terrace Unfinished Carving
English: Leper Strips near Great Torrington, Devon...
We know Finny was recovering from having broken his leg and that he desperately needed Gene to be there for him. The Winter Carnival had just occurred, which created a little bit of relief from the rush of events. This experience brought Gene and Finny closer, which once again proved to be treacherous for their well being.
The letter is pivotal because it comes right at the rise in Gene and Phineas relationship. Finny hadn't realized yet what actually transpired when the incident at the tree occurred and Gene was at one of his sanest levels. As we have seen, it was usually Gene who ruined the friendship or wounded it. As the story unfolds, we learn to expect that whenever there is a rise in the emotional closeness or physical state of friendship between the two it will end in a downward spiral.
To understand the letter, let's look at the basic structure of the letter and what Leper was actually trying to say at the time. Hopefully, by doing this we can grasp the emotional and physical state Leper was in and why the letter seemed like such a shocking cliffhanger.
Why did Leper made such decisions in trying to explain his dilemma? One of his first interesting style choices was his use of short, punchy sentences. This probably wasn't a letter. It reads like a telegram where you pay by the word. When using a telegram it is sent the same day or the next day. For some reason Leper felt he needed to get the message to Gene quickly. Later, we find out the rush is not that important. If he had mailed a letter, it would have made the difference of days or a week. When Gene finally got there the only thing that was urgent was Leper telling Gene that he shouldn't enlist in the war, of which he told such gruesome tales. I think that the author used the telegram component on purpose because it creates a sense of astonishment and you are left breathless and with nothing to say.
Now, we can look at the secrecy of the letter. Leper was in such a condition of shock that he didn't think about what he was going to say before he actually said it. I imagine that it must be very hard to think in this kind of moment. First of all he had seen all this tragedy and unrest at the battlegrounds which was enough to make any person somewhat crazed. The contrast between the two is stated by Leper and makes a person wonder. Even though America was trying to preserve this way of life in the beautiful Devon School it might do more harm than good.
In the end we notice that once again Gene and Phineas' relationship takes another plunge and once again the delicate balance, known as a "separate piece" is ruptured and is going to have to be repaired. With this under our belts we can try to interpret why their relationship can be severed by such a small plead, that of Lepers. I suggest that the "separate piece", the two boys undying relationship wouldn't be what it was if it wasn't for the hurt and anguish. What makes them such great friends is the fact that they have so much understanding of each other. They can mend all the hurt in a day. The reason why Gene's leaving creates such a problem is because Finny needs him and there is a sense of betrayal and disloyalty. If Finny could only stop being so jealous and understand that Leper is more desperate than he is this whole mess wouldn't occur over and over again. If the "separate piece" between Gene and Finny hadn't been tortured so many times it wouldn't be what it was. To me this suggests that the boys probably wanted their relationship that way because changing it would have taken little effort.
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