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When they faced russians in battle, the Germans usually lost, but that in no way led to anything resembling an atmosphere of conquest. | <0>1219<0>300<0>696<0>538<0>901<0>2152<0>2930<0>3253<0>2032<0>805<0>2903<0>1485<0>3898<0>1820<0>2898<0>2339<0>3803<0>2566<0>349<0>2566<0>2032<0>3834<0>774<0>3598<0>2506<0>756<0>1512<0>3626<0>2092<0>3888<0>321<0>614<0>1370<0>1098<0>234<0>3237<0>1989<0>725<0>4084<0>1376<0>2799<0>3444<0>448<0>700<0>3697<0>1891<0>1935<0>29... |
Like the Romans themselves, the Germans could lose all the battles in the world and still never admit defeat. | <0>3786<0>3834<0>2325<0>3135<0>2181<0>774<0>1168<0>2509<0>3918<0>1277<0>2903<0>1891<0>321<0>68<0>3151<0>1989<0>1989<0>2589<0>2640<0>1219<0>1118<0>3062<0>3150<0>2615<0>2769<0>538<0>1671<0>135<0>3253<0>618<0>3962<0>2020<0>2566<0>3061<0>628<0>2339<0>934<0>234<0>2566<0>1376<0>68<0>3786<0>68<0>1108<0>3237<0>1376<0>1277<0>73... |
In 9 AD, a Roman general named Publius Varus would make the mistake of thinking the Germans had conquered people and lead three legions into a disaster that would see the Romans more or less withdraw from Germania forever. The dream of a border on the Elbe River abandoned. | <0>3690<0>1532<0>3834<0>108<0>192<0>1394<0>3697<0>3111<0>1394<0>3762<0>349<0>1950<0>1538<0>443<0>2339<0>253<0>253<0>1526<0>2185<0>2668<0>2181<0>774<0>3962<0>724<0>2092<0>998<0>234<0>234<0>234<0>633<0>3873<0>3973<0>1648<0>651<0>321<0>2034<0>1960<0>1989<0>3726<0>3803<0>2675<0>2176<0>3918<0>909<0>1376<0>3528<0>4072<0>491<... |
Disaster struck the royal family, and really, that's what they were, a royal family, in the late summer of 9 BC, when Drusus fell off of his horse. | <0>90<0>73<0>193<0>1469<0>3695<0>2783<0>3832<0>3221<0>253<0>321<0>103<0>2339<0>2339<0>774<0>1819<0>2338<0>2178<0>1768<0>3918<0>3918<0>3024<0>2092<0>2566<0>1376<0>2114<0>3253<0>1901<0>2020<0>1236<0>2700<0>2181<0>254<0>492<0>2566<0>3918<0>2092<0>68<0>3786<0>2178<0>1748<0>443<0>2339<0>321<0>4088<0>327<0>3253<0>243<0>724<0... |
He'd been winding down a successful year in the console ship and was preparing to take on Pro Consular Authority and follow his brother up the chain of command. | <0>555<0>2070<0>546<0>3235<0>3982<0>2541<0>546<0>546<0>3685<0>628<0>3253<0>4050<0>1713<0>1576<0>3834<0>2454<0>1370<0>3873<0>3618<0>2181<0>2511<0>1762<0>2650<0>321<0>426<0>2898<0>1114<0>2811<0>2034<0>2700<0>3237<0>3237<0>869<0>1827<0>3253<0>2404<0>1219<0>2178<0>2181<0>3305<0>753<0>90<0>3474<0>3125<0>5<0>321<0>998<0>1442... |
The injuries he sustained from the fall likely became infected and he was simply unable to recover. | <0>2637<0>623<0>230<0>300<0>2505<0>102<0>3186<0>2404<0>1965<0>1578<0>2808<0>309<0>649<0>3516<0>3918<0>2034<0>2038<0>3982<0>3962<0>2548<0>2395<0>3628<0>1284<0>1736<0>2338<0>1512<0>1394<0>3353<0>1885<0>633<0>3123<0>1300<0>2338<0>1111<0>1277<0>1614<0>1277<0>3762<0>1989<0>3237<0>635<0>1532<0>3626<0>2993<0>2876<0>1277<0>202... |
Unlike Augustus racing to meet Agrippa, Tiberius was able to make it in time, but just barely. Soon after his brother's arrival, Drusus died. | <0>998<0>3642<0>1846<0>3591<0>3996<0>756<0>3675<0>3318<0>4044<0>805<0>1219<0>2020<0>317<0>3904<0>3389<0>1688<0>324<0>610<0>1219<0>2898<0>2181<0>4088<0>321<0>2700<0>3237<0>3466<0>2899<0>1541<0>2105<0>1419<0>1512<0>235<0>1901<0>3904<0>2020<0>73<0>4072<0>2339<0>63<0>1277<0>633<0>3392<0>633<0>1236<0>348<0>1370<0>1370<0>724... |
Tiberius led the body back to Rome and was soon joined by Augustus and Livia, who was beside herself with grief at the loss of her son. As I said, Antonia never remarried. | <0>3985<0>2070<0>807<0>623<0>546<0>507<0>2020<0>2020<0>2339<0>321<0>243<0>234<0>2001<0>3164<0>309<0>2339<0>774<0>1762<0>614<0>614<0>2178<0>2092<0>4019<0>1671<0>805<0>1235<0>633<0>633<0>449<0>614<0>3918<0>633<0>2054<0>2181<0>196<0>1778<0>2001<0>4044<0>135<0>2741<0>2566<0>2092<0>4072<0>2960<0>938<0>2178<0>1376<0>3237<0>3... |
Messinas, his longtime friend and key political advisor during the rise to power, died in October, leaving Augustus alone at the top. | <0>3798<0>1118<0>4044<0>1394<0>1394<0>4072<0>73<0>3132<0>1989<0>3466<0>426<0>507<0>321<0>2181<0>2312<0>235<0>633<0>2338<0>321<0>3108<0>633<0>2185<0>4058<0>3873<0>3175<0>3626<0>2339<0>68<0>2020<0>1671<0>2006<0>2176<0>3786<0>321<0>1738<0>90<0>1442<0>1259<0>2176<0>3389<0>3786<0>321<0>2416<0>2181<0>1132<0>2566<0>2298<0>264... |
There is something indispensable about advisors who are around before power is won. | <0>3615<0>2070<0>2375<0>3264<0>1981<0>3287<0>3297<0>2100<0>135<0>135<0>1118<0>3378<0>2416<0>135<0>3873<0>2339<0>2092<0>1748<0>2239<0>614<0>2176<0>253<0>1394<0>648<0>321<0>321<0>3224<0>57<0>1512<0>2610<0>2339<0>2339<0>2020<0>2339<0>2054<0>3579<0>2178<0>2700<0>1203<0>2239<0>2178<0>103<0>2339<0>68<0>321<0>1738<0>1136<0>13... |
Who can speak plainly and directly without succumbing to awe? | <0>3097<0>2034<0>2338<0>3873<0>1919<0>1485<0>1376<0>3117<0>2020<0>1394<0>3786<0>2020<0>1394<0>1259<0>2339<0>1289<0>1214<0>789<0>2566<0>1376<0>2239<0>3726<0>2092<0>235<0>1569<0>3165<0>4044<0>1919<0>1370<0>3918<0>3918<0>998<0>457<0>2754<0>1488<0>1289<0>2697<0>1219<0>3981<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0... |
Augustus was fast running out of such men, and the two most important were now dead. | <0>998<0>3840<0>1204<0>1370<0>2369<0>3904<0>3253<0>517<0>5<0>628<0>2181<0>73<0>1680<0>2054<0>1151<0>58<0>2178<0>234<0>4044<0>2511<0>2435<0>1277<0>724<0>724<0>1277<0>290<0>3237<0>3237<0>3726<0>724<0>1394<0>3626<0>1624<0>4072<0>1671<0>3117<0>326<0>614<0>2535<0>2339<0>1370<0>3389<0>1989<0>1001<0>443<0>2054<0>2416<0>2178<0... |
Augustus, for so long the young man fighting his elders for power, was now himself the elder, surrounded by younger men, whose relationship to him was inalterably colored by his supreme power. Augustus was never lonely or lacking for company. | <0>1734<0>2034<0>3955<0>1503<0>4044<0>90<0>805<0>2199<0>2700<0>2052<0>2338<0>73<0>4044<0>253<0>2020<0>507<0>321<0>3918<0>1394<0>3670<0>235<0>3918<0>3918<0>2408<0>3328<0>5<0>1819<0>3175<0>1671<0>3186<0>3873<0>1819<0>3786<0>1671<0>1855<0>2339<0>2044<0>1974<0>1192<0>1648<0>1734<0>1649<0>1989<0>3237<0>3237<0>1376<0>2566<0>... |
But at this point, the only person left who resembled both a friend and an equal was Livia. | <0>2700<0>3809<0>1126<0>1919<0>3287<0>3966<0>2105<0>2178<0>724<0>2566<0>3466<0>3179<0>3179<0>962<0>546<0>4008<0>1587<0>1031<0>2034<0>2055<0>3180<0>3786<0>2020<0>1370<0>1301<0>3918<0>2339<0>2020<0>3609<0>2181<0>324<0>2092<0>1989<0>1762<0>2020<0>1118<0>2178<0>5<0>321<0>3243<0>724<0>948<0>3466<0>633<0>2975<0>1394<0>962<0>... |
There was much speculation about why he remained with her after it became apparent that their marriage would never produce children. | <0>2797<0>3809<0>2152<0>1007<0>226<0>2030<0>3150<0>3591<0>2023<0>2020<0>277<0>3458<0>426<0>2178<0>3962<0>2675<0>1289<0>321<0>235<0>793<0>1671<0>2339<0>2675<0>3462<0>633<0>3918<0>3224<0>2020<0>3898<0>1748<0>290<0>2370<0>628<0>2338<0>3302<0>1277<0>3626<0>3029<0>633<0>3918<0>3003<0>1185<0>2054<0>2092<0>2566<0>2566<0>614<0... |
With Agrippa and Drusus dead, the only man ready to step into power now, should Augustus die, was Tiberius. | <0>2499<0>1007<0>3297<0>1973<0>3185<0>2427<0>3287<0>3287<0>449<0>3117<0>1901<0>73<0>805<0>2087<0>1989<0>4072<0>2975<0>2020<0>648<0>290<0>4095<0>3726<0>2018<0>1108<0>1306<0>3563<0>1441<0>3287<0>3297<0>3834<0>4072<0>3918<0>3898<0>1901<0>1394<0>1394<0>2762<0>3660<0>2975<0>2700<0>724<0>2566<0>1136<0>321<0>3982<0>724<0>3140... |
Probably out of consideration for this fact, Tiberius was promoted to a status not unlike that attained by Agrippa after Augustus's brush with death in 23 BC. | <0>3985<0>595<0>1846<0>3135<0>3287<0>2510<0>348<0>1919<0>3873<0>4044<0>941<0>1370<0>2181<0>696<0>3921<0>2092<0>2338<0>1277<0>78<0>1486<0>2176<0>2181<0>3973<0>2178<0>1376<0>3466<0>3726<0>2509<0>2750<0>1671<0>506<0>3663<0>2152<0>1370<0>3841<0>5<0>2535<0>2054<0>1370<0>2020<0>3626<0>90<0>2176<0>4044<0>254<0>2975<0>321<0>31... |
After taking over his brother's command in Germania, he served his consul in 7 BC and was then granted the same power at the tribunate that Augustus enjoyed. | <0>1594<0>3377<0>1401<0>3966<0>546<0>2581<0>3297<0>1846<0>3135<0>243<0>234<0>2339<0>321<0>3253<0>2030<0>2649<0>3918<0>3182<0>633<0>633<0>2333<0>2511<0>3243<0>249<0>3175<0>938<0>2566<0>648<0>290<0>2239<0>3574<0>4050<0>253<0>2020<0>1394<0>2030<0>175<0>771<0>321<0>774<0>1935<0>614<0>724<0>4044<0>3802<0>2181<0>724<0>3123<0... |
But Tiberius shocked everyone when he suddenly announced that he would be doing no such thing. | <0>3180<0>3840<0>253<0>942<0>2185<0>623<0>2070<0>1011<0>658<0>2704<0>321<0>321<0>1508<0>3203<0>2181<0>3786<0>3988<0>614<0>724<0>1376<0>3237<0>3762<0>3726<0>614<0>3253<0>3175<0>548<0>253<0>2176<0>3297<0>3287<0>3287<0>4072<0>58<0>2178<0>3310<0>3466<0>3726<0>426<0>1394<0>1671<0>196<0>2207<0>3808<0>3918<0>560<0>2092<0>2176... |
That in fact, he was retiring from public life for good. | <0>2566<0>3834<0>321<0>3179<0>3179<0>3726<0>1394<0>2419<0>934<0>219<0>2512<0>2864<0>948<0>3237<0>3726<0>1671<0>2176<0>1064<0>492<0>326<0>1974<0>1192<0>2181<0>2181<0>2178<0>774<0>2566<0>2034<0>2020<0>2020<0>2700<0>2054<0>3486<0>649<0>2338<0>2176<0>3973<0>277<0>2947<0>135<0>1108<0>3981<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<... |
Historians, both ancient and modern, have puzzled over Tiberius's inexplicable retirement. | <0>2379<0>3318<0>3594<0>2541<0>2541<0>623<0>1394<0>3904<0>4095<0>2675<0>235<0>4072<0>1848<0>3125<0>3457<0>1236<0>2661<0>1097<0>2975<0>2054<0>3962<0>2898<0>2176<0>1748<0>3237<0>3237<0>3466<0>1192<0>3253<0>5<0>2799<0>3150<0>3695<0>3135<0>1370<0>2020<0>63<0>1192<0>3598<0>1376<0>235<0>1901<0>2472<0>90<0>3609<0>515<0>4072<0... |
Some posit that he could see plainly that he was simply a temporary placeholder. | <0>2867<0>2151<0>2615<0>2034<0>1898<0>1935<0>2176<0>2700<0>2239<0>1571<0>2680<0>3018<0>2550<0>368<0>546<0>538<0>368<0>3297<0>2274<0>327<0>614<0>1097<0>1394<0>2566<0>1485<0>1376<0>3179<0>424<0>2020<0>3176<0>277<0>2087<0>1555<0>1526<0>2020<0>3826<0>317<0>504<0>430<0>235<0>2339<0>2020<0>507<0>3918<0>948<0>2020<0>1396<0>25... |
Others say that he actually had the teenager's best interests at heart and was removing himself from this stage so there would be no competition for the public's attention. | <0>1883<0>3135<0>277<0>2454<0>253<0>2975<0>1579<0>1108<0>3726<0>3140<0>317<0>192<0>3591<0>807<0>2993<0>317<0>3490<0>1370<0>135<0>2435<0>231<0>1394<0>1987<0>1208<0>756<0>234<0>1762<0>3904<0>2116<0>633<0>3027<0>648<0>918<0>2700<0>1974<0>3403<0>1370<0>2566<0>3027<0>3466<0>3179<0>1368<0>725<0>933<0>3253<0>1370<0>309<0>321<... |
And of course, on a more personal level, everyone likes to point out how unhappy the marriage between Tiberius and Julia was. | <0>3068<0>623<0>814<0>4072<0>235<0>1219<0>2898<0>3962<0>253<0>1355<0>1989<0>2899<0>2683<0>771<0>443<0>628<0>1671<0>2752<0>2339<0>1331<0>1370<0>3062<0>1370<0>2020<0>2092<0>2020<0>3168<0>2548<0>1376<0>3726<0>290<0>2182<0>628<0>507<0>321<0>3898<0>774<0>235<0>2369<0>1031<0>2239<0>1488<0>1394<0>492<0>1370<0>3069<0>2548<0>44... |
And that when he retired, he was retiring as much from her as he was from politics. | <0>3071<0>492<0>2070<0>2405<0>3237<0>2675<0>235<0>1394<0>1671<0>1370<0>1132<0>795<0>1192<0>2181<0>235<0>648<0>1989<0>3726<0>2675<0>3253<0>235<0>2070<0>3135<0>2404<0>1902<0>3675<0>2181<0>3389<0>426<0>1671<0>1738<0>1333<0>443<0>797<0>2680<0>1370<0>1370<0>2020<0>1649<0>3466<0>2675<0>3904<0>756<0>614<0>1762<0>2338<0>614<0>... |
Whatever the real reason, in 6 BC, the one man Augustus would feel comfortable turning over the empire to, walked away from him. | <0>3786<0>1642<0>2541<0>2196<0>3135<0>3135<0>1901<0>2339<0>942<0>3125<0>1284<0>1639<0>4095<0>3726<0>635<0>3175<0>3802<0>3158<0>2406<0>3837<0>919<0>785<0>1578<0>1655<0>979<0>3003<0>3237<0>3726<0>3726<0>3726<0>2566<0>2339<0>2020<0>1935<0>1671<0>4072<0>2947<0>324<0>1278<0>3677<0>254<0>1437<0>63<0>2176<0>3239<0>3021<0>614<... |
Augustus was enraged by his stepson's betrayal, and when the princeps announced Tiberius' decision to the senate, his remarks made it very clear that he was taking the whole thing personally. | <0>484<0>1007<0>1469<0>3832<0>2543<0>1007<0>235<0>2595<0>774<0>2339<0>1901<0>1378<0>1713<0>998<0>628<0>793<0>1578<0>1228<0>244<0>3609<0>1762<0>3609<0>9<0>3260<0>1370<0>1901<0>3918<0>614<0>3762<0>3071<0>2156<0>4084<0>1489<0>938<0>3253<0>4072<0>234<0>1031<0>3663<0>1306<0>2070<0>2427<0>2509<0>1394<0>4072<0>1370<0>326<0>17... |
Did Tiberius really think he was leaving public life behind? Or was it all some elaborate shred designed to prove how indispensable he was? | <0>955<0>546<0>2705<0>4067<0>1394<0>235<0>2181<0>192<0>522<0>2181<0>1512<0>135<0>1965<0>1394<0>3123<0>793<0>3626<0>3626<0>2092<0>1394<0>1394<0>2092<0>1734<0>2181<0>2566<0>2006<0>2675<0>1354<0>3239<0>998<0>1639<0>614<0>724<0>633<0>648<0>3237<0>3237<0>3726<0>2899<0>1680<0>253<0>3253<0>135<0>774<0>3701<0>1370<0>63<0>3253<... |
To partially answer the question, I think we can look to the fact that while Tiberius gave up formal office when he left for Rhodes, he conspicuously did not give back the at-large powers the Senate had bestowed upon him. | <0>2663<0>1981<0>94<0>2541<0>746<0>226<0>3135<0>351<0>4072<0>3461<0>3918<0>2339<0>321<0>915<0>805<0>4059<0>724<0>2566<0>3803<0>290<0>3237<0>1301<0>1200<0>1306<0>1539<0>1117<0>1286<0>1685<0>2615<0>1370<0>234<0>234<0>2178<0>2020<0>1192<0>628<0>1095<0>955<0>725<0>384<0>390<0>3287<0>3135<0>628<0>1370<0>4067<0>3598<0>648<0>... |
One suspects that Tiberius was not done with politics just yet. | <0>3786<0>2510<0>546<0>3551<0>73<0>3873<0>2303<0>973<0>3665<0>4037<0>1541<0>3116<0>3626<0>253<0>235<0>2960<0>235<0>1901<0>2796<0>2020<0>3873<0>1671<0>1819<0>998<0>234<0>3918<0>614<0>1120<0>592<0>321<0>2548<0>2176<0>2395<0>1688<0>4044<0>234<0>3466<0>1164<0>3344<0>2038<0>3183<0>1354<0>443<0>405<0>3981<0>2068<0>2068<0>398... |
But this whole self-imposed exile thing would make it very difficult to arrange for a peaceful transfer of power. | <0>998<0>492<0>2903<0>3904<0>1518<0>2123<0>3150<0>4044<0>2876<0>321<0>2020<0>1277<0>1738<0>2178<0>234<0>515<0>301<0>243<0>2454<0>2181<0>321<0>2339<0>2566<0>303<0>1406<0>3466<0>3027<0>1277<0>4072<0>3353<0>2812<0>1219<0>628<0>235<0>3123<0>933<0>724<0>2020<0>1973<0>614<0>1284<0>2178<0>2949<0>614<0>321<0>610<0>1394<0>135<0... |
If Tiberius was still retired when Augustus died, other ambitious men would seize on the opportunity to lay their own claim on the throne. | <0>1848<0>2152<0>3150<0>1780<0>3297<0>1232<0>1011<0>2705<0>2176<0>2369<0>781<0>321<0>1370<0>2006<0>2642<0>321<0>321<0>507<0>1219<0>2416<0>1056<0>618<0>1618<0>349<0>2105<0>1278<0>321<0>321<0>633<0>3003<0>1376<0>1989<0>725<0>3599<0>321<0>277<0>235<0>3675<0>1277<0>1394<0>2032<0>317<0>2105<0>1277<0>250<0>2566<0>3762<0>592<... |
Since that certainly wouldn't do. Augustus was left with no other choice. He simply had to keep living. | <0>4059<0>3291<0>805<0>5<0>3834<0>1157<0>1610<0>253<0>321<0>3918<0>2566<0>3918<0>1277<0>2960<0>1982<0>2566<0>614<0>3237<0>3726<0>2700<0>2899<0>2700<0>1442<0>2531<0>2151<0>3832<0>3966<0>3840<0>1114<0>127<0>2020<0>321<0>2178<0>724<0>3123<0>3224<0>614<0>3918<0>3918<0>2154<0>3921<0>614<0>3115<0>3234<0>2105<0>3606<0>1376<0>... |
One way or the other, he would have to stay alive long enough to see Gaius and Lucius come of age and establish a place in Roman public life for themselves. | <0>2675<0>2752<0>3297<0>2181<0>3890<0>3918<0>1394<0>4072<0>3918<0>614<0>2700<0>3726<0>2960<0>1671<0>499<0>30<0>628<0>2178<0>63<0>1578<0>309<0>4072<0>2949<0>321<0>3918<0>1284<0>4088<0>1488<0>614<0>1168<0>2178<0>3762<0>725<0>2352<0>73<0>1377<0>3003<0>3701<0>321<0>1969<0>3904<0>135<0>2566<0>2566<0>234<0>2808<0>2016<0>1301... |
Next week, fate will continue to mock Augustus' plan for a permanent dynasty. | <0>2185<0>3663<0>3264<0>1935<0>1671<0>1394<0>2921<0>3726<0>3726<0>3666<0>3422<0>1614<0>2404<0>193<0>546<0>3135<0>1846<0>546<0>2023<0>231<0>1987<0>3464<0>1394<0>1442<0>321<0>321<0>210<0>1277<0>3688<0>1370<0>2404<0>90<0>135<0>3873<0>1748<0>327<0>774<0>3243<0>2338<0>1370<0>998<0>1031<0>2551<0>2054<0>1168<0>2566<0>3029<0>2... |
While the princeps focused on outliving the childhoods of his two grandsons, he was not prepared to outlive them completely. | <0>443<0>3982<0>2176<0>614<0>2799<0>546<0>3850<0>3185<0>2705<0>3239<0>507<0>1370<0>234<0>3904<0>1680<0>235<0>54<0>614<0>2092<0>4072<0>756<0>2960<0>3693<0>2454<0>1303<0>628<0>4010<0>2020<0>2178<0>2566<0>90<0>614<0>234<0>1023<0>3798<0>196<0>614<0>1223<0>290<0>1935<0>1222<0>2566<0>3310<0>3237<0>3726<0>725<0>3422<0>1532<0>... |
But when death came calling, first for Lucius and then for Gaius, the princeps could only stand by helplessly as his young heirs were stolen away from him. | <0>390<0>3135<0>4010<0>648<0>799<0>3834<0>1300<0>3029<0>1987<0>633<0>2176<0>915<0>1819<0>4088<0>2092<0>1108<0>2239<0>2649<0>1370<0>3062<0>2927<0>1370<0>3988<0>1512<0>3224<0>3921<0>234<0>2857<0>3003<0>3726<0>724<0>3224<0>1394<0>2338<0>2178<0>3057<0>562<0>1192<0>4023<0>73<0>276<0>3237<0>2018<0>1203<0>2899<0>2676<0>2239<0... |
To make matters worse, by the time the two boys died, Augustus had already banished Julia from Rome when somebody finally told him what she had been up to all these years. | <0>2592<0>243<0>3834<0>3613<0>3918<0>235<0>235<0>3609<0>2566<0>68<0>2020<0>2176<0>3310<0>3237<0>1203<0>390<0>2239<0>235<0>2509<0>3041<0>235<0>309<0>135<0>90<0>3253<0>3626<0>3786<0>4088<0>3125<0>2406<0>1370<0>321<0>321<0>1688<0>1376<0>3726<0>725<0>2239<0>2176<0>2413<0>628<0>63<0>317<0>3904<0>2034<0>3962<0>321<0>3574<0>1... |
With his only daughter wasting away in exile, and his two prized grandsons dead. | <0>1203<0>3318<0>2796<0>253<0>1484<0>1846<0>3297<0>321<0>321<0>235<0>68<0>3988<0>1076<0>1132<0>2100<0>2092<0>3786<0>66<0>3491<0>628<0>3949<0>4044<0>2176<0>321<0>327<0>614<0>2566<0>290<0>2665<0>3729<0>317<0>829<0>2668<0>2176<0>234<0>3403<0>321<0>2975<0>2369<0>3982<0>321<0>3243<0>724<0>1935<0>724<0>2566<0>515<0>944<0>407... |
The family Augustus had worked so hard to build and protect was now in shambles. | <0>2239<0>2176<0>234<0>1627<0>3758<0>1846<0>2023<0>2615<0>3808<0>2181<0>2338<0>2406<0>3904<0>2393<0>3786<0>1370<0>3106<0>4044<0>445<0>2949<0>2548<0>3403<0>2176<0>1614<0>3973<0>3626<0>2020<0>2566<0>2566<0>1376<0>614<0>918<0>2580<0>3069<0>1277<0>3237<0>3762<0>3726<0>2566<0>135<0>1635<0>1762<0>2178<0>1316<0>2668<0>1173<0>... |
The Julian line could no longer stand on its own two feet. | <0>349<0>73<0>3458<0>1858<0>584<0>3194<0>3974<0>321<0>1370<0>633<0>1376<0>2239<0>2176<0>1277<0>235<0>2020<0>68<0>321<0>4088<0>2144<0>326<0>3186<0>724<0>3918<0>3918<0>234<0>2566<0>1222<0>3808<0>2627<0>2924<0>1747<0>3609<0>3111<0>4058<0>602<1>1175<1>527<1>3930<1>2705<1>2055<1>210<1>648<1>1022<1>979<1>2159<1>211<1>2406<1>... |
It would need a transfusion of blood from the Claudians to survive. | <0>3179<0>4019<0>562<0>2568<0>1394<0>1394<0>1339<0>2101<0>2181<0>633<0>1300<0>1899<0>3574<0>249<0>172<0>1442<0>2566<0>3898<0>2034<0>2338<0>1442<0>1277<0>2921<0>3151<0>618<0>321<0>3918<0>2714<0>2566<0>2338<0>234<0>3237<0>515<0>1485<0>73<0>614<0>2548<0>321<0>58<0>2178<0>2575<0>3981<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>39... |
Before we go, I would like to take a personal moment here, as today is Mother's Day in the United States. Mom, I know you're like three episodes behind the pace, so this won't get to you for another week or two. But wherever you are, probably trucking around the neighborhood. Happy Mother's Day. I love you. | <0>1883<0>1007<0>3489<0>2541<0>475<0>3555<0>628<0>2339<0>724<0>2178<0>443<0>1370<0>1284<0>235<0>2369<0>90<0>1987<0>170<0>443<0>1370<0>73<0>2338<0>2054<0>3918<0>1442<0>3145<0>1173<0>1289<0>158<0>3466<0>3575<0>2181<0>2369<0>135<0>962<0>2565<0>1394<0>4072<0>73<0>2178<0>321<0>4010<0>73<0>261<0>4072<0>1396<0>2100<0>1277<0>9... |
When we left off last week, Augustus was overseeing the rise of his two grandsons, Gaius and Lucius, and dealing with the fallout from the sudden retirement of his stepson Tiberius in 6 BC. | <0>1981<0>3297<0>584<0>2510<0>1618<0>2151<0>2541<0>2312<0>4010<0>1736<0>254<0>2568<0>756<0>4095<0>290<0>2239<0>2281<0>2680<0>3987<0>3249<0>1594<0>1452<0>3472<0>3840<0>3344<0>507<0>507<0>3841<0>681<0>3186<0>1259<0>3918<0>614<0>321<0>1111<0>2947<0>2938<0>2566<0>2016<0>4060<0>756<0>1284<0>4088<0>2393<0>1982<0>3609<0>2020<... |
The next decade will bring even more hardship for the Imperial family as the fates intervene to visit every misery imaginable on the house of Caesar. | <0>1082<0>1571<0>4062<0>546<0>3935<0>3660<0>226<0>3663<0>3688<0>3111<0>2649<0>2339<0>234<0>2181<0>3111<0>3353<0>3808<0>2924<0>2138<0>3982<0>443<0>1311<0>1222<0>4059<0>2464<0>619<0>3808<0>1277<0>2960<0>3123<0>1346<0>3918<0>614<0>3786<0>2700<0>2538<0>3918<0>3918<0>3153<0>1989<0>3237<0>3237<0>1001<0>2754<0>300<0>135<0>325... |
But beyond the internal problems of the First Family, the whole Empire will soon be visited with the disastered arrival of Massacre at Cannae and the Parthian annihilation of Crassus' Eastern Legions. | <0>1117<0>3840<0>546<0>402<0>697<0>3713<0>1227<0>756<0>3111<0>1192<0>3580<0>2092<0>207<0>2697<0>614<0>3918<0>1074<0>1639<0>1639<0>2700<0>2020<0>1114<0>1665<0>3018<0>61<0>3918<0>3918<0>1376<0>1376<0>1376<0>2239<0>1192<0>2181<0>774<0>90<0>3918<0>3299<0>2730<0>1289<0>2092<0>614<0>2857<0>1394<0>2960<0>2960<0>1376<0>3626<0>... |
Augustus could already see though that the endless growth could not continue forever. That future generations would not be tasked with winning new territory for the empire, but rather keeping what had already been seized. | <0>998<0>2299<0>3591<0>1157<0>2143<0>90<0>2404<0>2097<0>2531<0>3701<0>3982<0>2531<0>3405<0>446<0>1655<0>1394<0>1762<0>614<0>2700<0>725<0>390<0>753<0>546<0>3758<0>3194<0>3135<0>805<0>614<0>321<0>3918<0>5<0>3545<0>3123<0>2054<0>3434<0>4059<0>648<0>1173<0>2960<0>3733<0>1219<0>2312<0>58<0>2675<0>2178<0>1989<0>2007<0>3071<0... |
That was why the disaster in the Tudiburg forest was such a heavy blow. | <0>3615<0>2510<0>814<0>1819<0>1867<0>2581<0>317<0>73<0>2474<0>2648<0>1545<0>2162<0>2178<0>3918<0>3626<0>2195<0>1671<0>2568<0>2339<0>2176<0>1219<0>2665<0>2548<0>1370<0>770<0>2566<0>135<0>4028<0>1675<0>1278<0>2483<0>1537<0>3918<0>2960<0>2960<0>614<0>614<0>2566<0>1762<0>614<0>602<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<... |
Germania was supposed to be the last province the empire would ever need. But instead, it was never taken. The final piece of the puzzle never put into place. | <0>2957<0>3318<0>2054<0>546<0>1206<0>1651<0>2020<0>1114<0>1545<0>2176<0>2020<0>326<0>2960<0>1394<0>614<0>614<0>2458<0>1136<0>326<0>1919<0>2535<0>651<0>614<0>1744<0>504<0>2657<0>3795<0>3798<0>3174<0>614<0>614<0>405<0>2675<0>614<0>2178<0>3123<0>1885<0>3123<0>365<0>1376<0>1989<0>2182<0>3071<0>1376<0>2700<0>2176<0>135<0>44... |
Instead, the land beyond the Rhine would forever whisper in Rome's ear like the slave standing beside a conquering general in his triumphal chariot, reminding him that he is mortal. | <0>1958<0>1168<0>73<0>73<0>835<0>309<0>135<0>290<0>1989<0>4037<0>725<0>2700<0>2176<0>277<0>3886<0>1394<0>3111<0>942<0>2054<0>3918<0>3786<0>3543<0>2020<0>1394<0>1108<0>2680<0>3027<0>2034<0>2338<0>321<0>1846<0>3135<0>2092<0>4072<0>3551<0>2663<0>2020<0>1762<0>774<0>774<0>3918<0>2016<0>3183<0>1394<0>633<0>614<0>2054<0>3973... |
But before we get into all that, we need to unpack some more of the drama of the Julio-Claudian family, as events during these middle years of Augustus' reign will set the stage for the future path of the Imperial Monarchy. | <0>2921<0>2921<0>3840<0>2541<0>3962<0>475<0>2207<0>1270<0>1394<0>2895<0>651<0>1289<0>614<0>4072<0>2001<0>2700<0>1488<0>2566<0>3364<0>1376<0>3297<0>546<0>4062<0>614<0>1168<0>1277<0>3069<0>3705<0>3545<0>3551<0>3918<0>68<0>321<0>2176<0>3626<0>2646<0>443<0>592<0>614<0>1649<0>1639<0>771<0>614<0>3224<0>1208<0>1315<0>3626<0>1... |
Augustus had always taken pains to have his family live exemplary public and private lives to lead by example, as the emperor tried to simultaneously renew the old Roman spirit while strangling off its Republican roots. | <0>1846<0>2151<0>595<0>3594<0>2070<0>2152<0>2510<0>3701<0>2176<0>2030<0>3729<0>3111<0>1277<0>4058<0>3661<0>1394<0>1671<0>1394<0>948<0>3881<0>1287<0>2185<0>623<0>3935<0>2152<0>2404<0>127<0>1394<0>1394<0>1394<0>2566<0>962<0>3392<0>48<0>1168<0>614<0>443<0>1639<0>756<0>2492<0>1111<0>614<0>2566<0>3688<0>3973<0>614<0>1488<0>... |
As I mentioned previously, the Princeps was heavily invested in legislating sexual and marital relations to create a healthy environment within which to raise the new generation of Roman children. | <0>1434<0>2151<0>3160<0>697<0>3519<0>2848<0>1277<0>234<0>1762<0>1394<0>3111<0>135<0>3609<0>724<0>3526<0>2018<0>955<0>105<0>1748<0>196<0>1031<0>1777<0>3297<0>3780<0>226<0>1919<0>724<0>73<0>1641<0>1969<0>1762<0>2339<0>3194<0>2960<0>1376<0>1762<0>2298<0>5<0>3629<0>3808<0>2980<0>2566<0>2020<0>2400<0>135<0>1278<0>724<0>2729... |
After years of treating the back alleys of Rome as her personal playground, the exploits of Augustus's daughter Julia finally reached the princeps ears. | <0>1283<0>348<0>1413<0>1394<0>1394<0>941<0>3302<0>1114<0>2700<0>283<0>941<0>3574<0>1982<0>234<0>1898<0>2756<0>1056<0>3486<0>2176<0>1394<0>1219<0>2675<0>774<0>3579<0>724<0>234<0>3043<0>1734<0>2700<0>2020<0>3291<0>1639<0>998<0>207<0>2566<0>919<0>2176<0>2675<0>2178<0>2700<0>3237<0>3237<0>2239<0>1287<0>4058<0>230<0>901<0>5... |
He had been kept in the dark, thinking her a paradigm of virtue, while all the while she carried on numerous affairs with men born both high and low. From the lowliest slave, to men of the highest rank, including a member of the Grokkei family, and perhaps most famously, Mark Antony's second son, Ululis. | <0>3526<0>546<0>3519<0>3297<0>3837<0>3447<0>2427<0>196<0>3626<0>5<0>1680<0>1311<0>1370<0>860<0>1834<0>2092<0>2566<0>1394<0>1394<0>1394<0>1277<0>2020<0>614<0>2873<0>321<0>2176<0>2054<0>3918<0>614<0>234<0>1284<0>492<0>3417<0>3670<0>1277<0>1989<0>3237<0>1989<0>3466<0>443<0>321<0>3543<0>3982<0>3701<0>2020<0>3786<0>321<0>32... |
The shock of the revelation caused Augustus to perhaps overreact. | <0>1919<0>2734<0>901<0>1846<0>1846<0>1219<0>492<0>321<0>628<0>2176<0>2020<0>309<0>3556<0>3468<0>789<0>2648<0>321<0>628<0>3234<0>3003<0>2608<0>4075<0>3665<0>349<0>3364<0>2492<0>1488<0>1596<0>3246<0>998<0>3609<0>614<0>614<0>614<0>3464<0>1192<0>1569<0>1172<0>2038<0>3981<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>3... |
But with clamping down on Libertine's sexual attitudes such a personal crusade for him, it is understandable that when his own daughter was revealed to be a prime contributor to the problem, that the sense of betrayal must have run deep. | <0>2274<0>2976<0>3297<0>2091<0>1007<0>546<0>3194<0>3297<0>3158<0>2531<0>2505<0>3313<0>633<0>2566<0>1512<0>2176<0>3609<0>2088<0>135<0>1278<0>1882<0>918<0>614<0>592<0>1192<0>2020<0>1919<0>3697<0>234<0>2406<0>2876<0>184<0>614<0>2700<0>1649<0>2020<0>3609<0>3918<0>998<0>2551<0>2967<0>2903<0>317<0>3158<0>1899<0>1488<0>1289<0... |
Deep enough anyway, that against the advice of nearly everyone, he banished Julia from Rome and never allowed her to return. | <0>2492<0>368<0>1919<0>3224<0>2020<0>2338<0>1168<0>1394<0>2566<0>724<0>1688<0>4058<0>3466<0>3237<0>1368<0>1376<0>277<0>3613<0>309<0>135<0>2020<0>3125<0>1394<0>2338<0>1819<0>317<0>2020<0>2960<0>3574<0>3918<0>1236<0>2597<0>3898<0>2511<0>3177<0>614<0>543<0>1989<0>3237<0>3466<0>1485<0>1376<0>108<0>3886<0>135<0>3641<0>1585<... |
Her identified lovers were banished themselves or forced to commit suicide. The scandal rocked Rome as men of the most prominent families were suddenly exiled or killed. | <0>2842<0>443<0>562<0>1901<0>1394<0>309<0>2312<0>2338<0>321<0>1029<0>2960<0>2176<0>614<0>2020<0>614<0>614<0>3237<0>172<0>724<0>2032<0>3629<0>234<0>3609<0>5<0>443<0>443<0>5<0>2700<0>869<0>3786<0>1370<0>1446<0>3982<0>4044<0>1132<0>2182<0>3918<0>2566<0>2143<0>2903<0>3918<0>234<0>3609<0>1222<0>614<0>1376<0>3466<0>1989<0>30... |
The common citizens of Rome were overcome with sympathy for Julia and her lovers. And when Augustus took to the streets, they begged him to allow them all to return, but he was not having it. | <0>1508<0>3695<0>521<0>922<0>2769<0>3532<0>135<0>2903<0>3609<0>135<0>1284<0>3786<0>1680<0>2020<0>2092<0>1488<0>3726<0>2339<0>3786<0>1370<0>3840<0>1260<0>3579<0>2020<0>234<0>234<0>1824<0>2568<0>2566<0>3606<0>3114<0>614<0>234<0>4059<0>1394<0>2020<0>3626<0>1259<0>724<0>614<0>3918<0>1512<0>3918<0>614<0>2627<0>349<0>3237<0>... |
Still very much alive though, or her two sons, Gaius and Lucius. | <0>1555<0>3966<0>2070<0>3135<0>807<0>3663<0>3918<0>805<0>1370<0>4088<0>1370<0>1370<0>3224<0>2566<0>1762<0>614<0>2178<0>2566<0>2339<0>2020<0>2176<0>20<0>249<0>1114<0>4044<0>2176<0>724<0>135<0>2182<0>488<0>321<0>3486<0>3886<0>2566<0>2566<0>3626<0>3626<0>3921<0>963<0>90<0>2116<0>1056<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>3... |
Raised by the princeps himself, the two boys were growing fast into smart and capable teenagers. | <0>3783<0>2070<0>2581<0>1211<0>1846<0>2543<0>2669<0>2054<0>172<0>3904<0>1370<0>2369<0>724<0>234<0>1023<0>2592<0>2176<0>2020<0>1219<0>2566<0>3726<0>3237<0>135<0>135<0>317<0>3626<0>614<0>774<0>1670<0>2020<0>614<0>2675<0>1192<0>3918<0>1300<0>1219<0>3579<0>2054<0>2338<0>1508<0>3153<0>805<0>3106<0>1899<0>651<0>443<0>2924<0>... |
They were not perfect though, and both earned reputations as haughty, self-indulgent, spoiled children. Augustus had tried mightily to prevent this from happening. | <0>1056<0>2070<0>2510<0>3782<0>998<0>207<0>1370<0>2176<0>3516<0>4058<0>944<0>1222<0>614<0>2239<0>1376<0>3237<0>1056<0>3626<0>2176<0>2020<0>3626<0>1648<0>3253<0>3918<0>2181<0>234<0>1377<0>2116<0>633<0>1394<0>1713<0>3606<0>135<0>2509<0>3451<0>1136<0>321<0>2960<0>1989<0>1203<0>349<0>2857<0>2876<0>321<0>2020<0>1982<0>1376<... |
But he could not watch them all the time, nor prevent Rome from lavishing them with their every desire practically from birth. | <0>725<0>3180<0>1206<0>2581<0>3297<0>2517<0>2123<0>2020<0>1192<0>2369<0>3786<0>2178<0>2548<0>2548<0>234<0>2665<0>724<0>724<0>2566<0>3726<0>1376<0>2092<0>3237<0>507<0>3982<0>443<0>2178<0>2568<0>1394<0>2675<0>774<0>774<0>614<0>1219<0>1502<0>3123<0>1503<0>1973<0>135<0>2100<0>3123<0>1277<0>234<0>3179<0>1541<0>2239<0>3918<0... |
But as the sons of Agrippa and the grandsons of Augustus, the princeps figured that there was enough noble, pragmatic, and talented blood running through their veins, that as they matured, they would, well, mature. | <0>1989<0>2058<0>798<0>1748<0>2196<0>2543<0>326<0>3904<0>1880<0>3840<0>3297<0>1114<0>3516<0>2898<0>2339<0>321<0>2700<0>2176<0>2566<0>2566<0>2566<0>2568<0>1219<0>321<0>3253<0>1394<0>1744<0>3203<0>2568<0>2665<0>3918<0>2960<0>2181<0>1503<0>3043<0>1155<0>63<0>2700<0>1989<0>3237<0>3237<0>3237<0>2492<0>3840<0>1117<0>3642<0>3... |
Even though Augustus wanted to accelerate the career paths of the two boys, there were limits to how far he would go. | <0>1848<0>1401<0>723<0>3135<0>3840<0>551<0>1503<0>4044<0>765<0>5<0>2675<0>651<0>1168<0>90<0>2020<0>833<0>1582<0>781<0>4088<0>3786<0>3988<0>3629<0>2492<0>165<0>614<0>2568<0>2339<0>2700<0>1882<0>165<0>2535<0>5<0>234<0>2566<0>1098<0>2088<0>614<0>1284<0>4088<0>3626<0>1198<0>1989<0>3466<0>924<0>2239<0>1846<0>1518<0>229<0>31... |
When Guyus was only 14, there was agitation in the streets in favor of Augustus appointing the boy Consul. | <0>614<0>3348<0>3591<0>2151<0>193<0>234<0>2020<0>774<0>1168<0>1747<0>2665<0>1488<0>614<0>1716<0>1394<0>962<0>2566<0>290<0>1989<0>3237<0>628<0>3253<0>1931<0>1007<0>2848<0>538<0>2433<0>3111<0>1299<0>135<0>3153<0>234<0>785<0>3364<0>3027<0>1394<0>2435<0>2566<0>2665<0>1486<0>317<0>3988<0>2511<0>614<0>1277<0>3097<0>3675<0>15... |
Augustus himself stood for the consulship that year so he could oversee Gaius' ceremonial transition into manhood, which took place traditionally at the age of 15. | <0>998<0>3840<0>3591<0>1157<0>3537<0>2769<0>3758<0>679<0>388<0>2876<0>1370<0>507<0>1824<0>4059<0>234<0>2338<0>3918<0>182<0>443<0>614<0>2566<0>1648<0>3470<0>2464<0>234<0>349<0>89<0>1056<0>3353<0>3988<0>1675<0>1989<0>290<0>725<0>918<0>2034<0>1532<0>1651<0>2669<0>1370<0>774<0>54<0>1824<0>3353<0>3808<0>1680<0>2898<0>172<0>... |
Of course, the people voted overwhelmingly in favor of the Princeps, but in a surprise move, they also went ahead and elected young Gaius as his colleague. | <0>1734<0>1973<0>1883<0>2976<0>2510<0>2857<0>955<0>3179<0>3626<0>3626<0>3175<0>614<0>614<0>1762<0>2568<0>3027<0>443<0>3786<0>3786<0>2566<0>2176<0>3135<0>1394<0>2566<0>2566<0>3606<0>3029<0>3886<0>2329<0>1512<0>614<0>2700<0>2700<0>2178<0>1223<0>3609<0>90<0>1762<0>3808<0>3003<0>4058<0>2018<0>125<0>4007<0>3642<0>1651<0>406... |
Unwilling to go that far that fast, Augustus vacated the decision and announced that Gaius could serve his consul as soon as he turned 20, but not a day before. He was after all, not even a man yet. | <0>1978<0>3135<0>3135<0>3287<0>3297<0>3353<0>3688<0>1503<0>2176<0>1512<0>3616<0>3310<0>103<0>651<0>618<0>614<0>724<0>1219<0>2338<0>3313<0>3705<0>3579<0>3904<0>589<0>1989<0>3237<0>3237<0>1203<0>2239<0>3840<0>3591<0>3695<0>3438<0>2369<0>1376<0>1394<0>1655<0>1744<0>979<0>2100<0>2566<0>90<0>504<0>2903<0>1394<0>1394<0>234<0... |
He also promised the people that Lucius would be able to follow a similar path and slated him for a consulship when he turned 20. | <0>305<0>546<0>3962<0>1594<0>2921<0>1031<0>88<0>2368<0>2038<0>1376<0>1394<0>1208<0>2178<0>2566<0>1284<0>3626<0>1114<0>3921<0>135<0>1639<0>2924<0>3111<0>3918<0>1284<0>5<0>998<0>614<0>614<0>614<0>2369<0>1716<0>3224<0>2960<0>58<0>196<0>3486<0>1738<0>2178<0>3237<0>3237<0>1001<0>3466<0>2032<0>253<0>835<0>825<0>3183<0>148<0>... |
With Tiberius now gone, Augustus needed to get both boys up to speed as soon as possible, but he didn't want to overdo it. | <0>443<0>2034<0>3925<0>3185<0>2637<0>1827<0>2505<0>2660<0>2903<0>172<0>774<0>234<0>614<0>1762<0>3918<0>1376<0>2700<0>1538<0>2239<0>2176<0>2746<0>300<0>90<0>2903<0>2100<0>1394<0>1394<0>3111<0>639<0>1376<0>2511<0>2020<0>234<0>998<0>2339<0>724<0>504<0>1762<0>349<0>4044<0>1300<0>1919<0>3353<0>2100<0>1997<0>1164<0>1277<0>96... |
The fall-started campaign in Armenia though, which Tiberias was to a spearheaded, left Augustus in another quandary regarding the rapidity of his grandson's rise. | <0>2339<0>1007<0>2123<0>1765<0>4029<0>3927<0>2541<0>279<0>3111<0>2116<0>172<0>2568<0>1318<0>1962<0>1394<0>135<0>3027<0>2178<0>1223<0>2960<0>2100<0>1236<0>2980<0>2178<0>1748<0>1376<0>1376<0>1376<0>2138<0>3079<0>554<0>300<0>2960<0>235<0>3305<0>3609<0>2092<0>1762<0>805<0>1915<0>1277<0>234<0>2406<0>4058<0>235<0>324<0>1688<... |
Specifically, he saw Armenia as the perfect opportunity to give Gaius command experience. But if he put the teenager in charge, would the whole thing backfire? | <0>1098<0>234<0>73<0>193<0>3287<0>546<0>551<0>1762<0>3606<0>1748<0>1989<0>3003<0>3284<0>546<0>1594<0>2541<0>325<0>2541<0>3888<0>962<0>962<0>962<0>1394<0>5<0>2566<0>1649<0>1488<0>234<0>2960<0>2700<0>2697<0>1675<0>2663<0>1688<0>2088<0>2088<0>2226<0>3003<0>924<0>3179<0>765<0>2627<0>1259<0>3123<0>3165<0>321<0>2020<0>135<0>... |
Swallowing his misgivings, Augustus decided to appoint the boy to deal with the situation in the East. | <0>156<0>1484<0>2541<0>2541<0>3287<0>3297<0>135<0>234<0>724<0>2903<0>1437<0>445<0>1168<0>2960<0>276<0>1748<0>1376<0>2018<0>1370<0>833<0>3591<0>538<0>538<0>3309<0>3966<0>326<0>1370<0>135<0>1394<0>2178<0>1074<0>2566<0>614<0>3224<0>1919<0>196<0>3786<0>3918<0>2665<0>2116<0>2100<0>1512<0>2020<0>2566<0>90<0>785<0>135<0>500<0... |
The situation being that the Parthians were once again meddling in Armenia, which interfered with Rome's own meddling, something Augustus could not tolerate. | <0>2640<0>84<0>2525<0>4050<0>3876<0>507<0>1370<0>408<0>1277<0>2960<0>1394<0>3606<0>1748<0>3179<0>1368<0>3629<0>2020<0>196<0>1289<0>321<0>4072<0>172<0>1394<0>2020<0>2339<0>2092<0>3786<0>1168<0>127<0>3364<0>2400<0>1277<0>1277<0>2975<0>1284<0>2566<0>2960<0>1168<0>3579<0>614<0>3123<0>1394<0>2960<0>614<0>1989<0>3237<0>3237<... |
In 1 BC, 18 year old Gaius went east and set up a base of operations on the island of Samos, from which he would project Rome's imperial power. | <0>2812<0>3020<0>3253<0>1683<0>753<0>546<0>3793<0>2454<0>3461<0>1394<0>1394<0>2566<0>3237<0>2581<0>2581<0>338<0>2088<0>774<0>1289<0>3165<0>321<0>321<0>2020<0>1331<0>724<0>1394<0>1394<0>785<0>3310<0>1108<0>1376<0>290<0>1300<0>2020<0>2176<0>207<0>196<0>3715<0>309<0>63<0>614<0>771<0>1649<0>443<0>3918<0>3670<0>3429<0>3606<... |
Not far from Samos was of course the island of Rhodes, home these past five years to Tiberias. | <0>196<0>1981<0>2626<0>3982<0>618<0>321<0>2338<0>2730<0>2116<0>2876<0>1173<0>3918<0>2178<0>918<0>3237<0>1989<0>3726<0>277<0>3253<0>3982<0>288<0>507<0>3665<0>1655<0>1969<0>321<0>724<0>3918<0>3786<0>443<0>3918<0>1762<0>196<0>2921<0>2700<0>3071<0>3237<0>2239<0>2176<0>1512<0>2568<0>2400<0>1919<0>2258<0>1192<0>73<0>1219<0>1... |
The melancholy stepson of Augustus, now well into middle age, seems in those five years to have grown disenchanted with his exile. | <0>3626<0>2934<0>2151<0>3135<0>2324<0>2541<0>2949<0>102<0>1545<0>3535<0>3786<0>326<0>2020<0>2176<0>1284<0>1284<0>774<0>321<0>2143<0>349<0>234<0>2116<0>1989<0>1989<0>1168<0>253<0>1296<0>4010<0>4010<0>1512<0>3153<0>1277<0>635<0>1512<0>774<0>3781<0>2088<0>1655<0>2182<0>3237<0>3237<0>725<0>2204<0>589<0>368<0>546<0>3297<0>2... |
Perhaps because he realized that he was not after all, indispensable. | <0>2921<0>219<0>291<0>2705<0>2812<0>2848<0>2152<0>3793<0>2176<0>941<0>2566<0>1762<0>2416<0>135<0>90<0>1966<0>1277<0>1394<0>2088<0>1762<0>1762<0>2700<0>3516<0>2338<0>3736<0>3786<0>1289<0>132<0>2548<0>2566<0>3116<0>2538<0>1744<0>2646<0>2566<0>135<0>504<0>2092<0>2548<0>1376<0>1989<0>3071<0>602<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<... |
Or because, after Julia's affairs became known, Augustus had unilaterally declared her unhappy marriage to Tiberius Void, freeing him of the woman he hated. | <0>530<0>592<0>1883<0>690<0>2731<0>300<0>2947<0>2020<0>1919<0>2754<0>507<0>3404<0>1168<0>2920<0>1394<0>1394<0>1394<0>90<0>234<0>3310<0>1320<0>235<0>2116<0>3606<0>3041<0>633<0>2566<0>2566<0>1512<0>724<0>614<0>3237<0>2018<0>3469<0>2176<0>488<0>3318<0>2903<0>3904<0>1394<0>1508<0>3670<0>1168<0>2138<0>3786<0>321<0>2020<0>39... |
Tiberius began to ask his stepfather for permission to return to Rome. | <0>2089<0>1587<0>3591<0>546<0>623<0>1011<0>1198<0>1206<0>3194<0>3194<0>2007<0>3516<0>3579<0>1578<0>75<0>135<0>3234<0>3267<0>2700<0>1488<0>2697<0>614<0>1748<0>1989<0>2239<0>2176<0>2566<0>3898<0>3918<0>3997<0>172<0>1394<0>2339<0>2020<0>3623<0>2178<0>432<0>2980<0>614<0>774<0>2675<0>2566<0>2092<0>3003<0>3071<0>2068<0>2068<... |
A request Augustus refused to even consider despite heavy lobbying from Livia. | <0>3237<0>2754<0>2339<0>2020<0>998<0>774<0>445<0>2876<0>2991<0>3688<0>2181<0>2338<0>2182<0>234<0>1376<0>3726<0>1762<0>3386<0>2100<0>1377<0>1394<0>3309<0>3145<0>1208<0>3153<0>1376<0>1376<0>290<0>3364<0>3364<0>135<0>3918<0>1989<0>3237<0>3726<0>3726<0>1508<0>73<0>1734<0>933<0>436<0>4010<0>1394<0>1512<0>1289<0>614<0>3606<0... |
So Tiberius's exile transitioned almost overnight from self-imposed to forced. | <0>579<0>2151<0>1211<0>3663<0>3194<0>3663<0>516<0>1011<0>193<0>805<0>3675<0>2497<0>3318<0>58<0>321<0>614<0>2899<0>2521<0>2921<0>506<0>1394<0>309<0>862<0>172<0>2176<0>1512<0>614<0>2406<0>1571<0>321<0>3786<0>724<0>724<0>724<0>75<0>1376<0>1376<0>3018<0>2054<0>1427<0>3203<0>321<0>1370<0>1277<0>3117<0>1222<0>1762<0>234<0>24... |
With Gaius taking on his first foreign assignment and ready to step into the console ship in 1AD. | <0>614<0>2176<0>1627<0>2541<0>3663<0>2741<0>3729<0>1394<0>3808<0>3808<0>2020<0>1512<0>2087<0>1219<0>2020<0>2713<0>1164<0>2062<0>1488<0>3918<0>2903<0>5<0>774<0>3918<0>724<0>1376<0>2566<0>1376<0>3147<0>2088<0>2054<0>1394<0>1394<0>135<0>2030<0>1631<0>2566<0>234<0>2566<0>2006<0>2898<0>321<0>1114<0>998<0>1667<0>1824<0>234<0... |
Tiberius found himself forgotten, left to wither on roads, homesick, and ignored. | <0>4037<0>349<0>300<0>2960<0>235<0>941<0>3904<0>2176<0>3918<0>1688<0>2178<0>1935<0>3122<0>2178<0>1219<0>2700<0>2895<0>2697<0>2700<0>2566<0>1376<0>1989<0>3237<0>3726<0>2176<0>1370<0>234<0>2092<0>2176<0>1512<0>774<0>2898<0>3918<0>614<0>614<0>1639<0>3973<0>2406<0>1989<0>3237<0>2239<0>724<0>1671<0>3609<0>933<0>1277<0>2711<... |
But we all know now that it was not Tiberius' destiny to die in obscurity. | <0>1591<0>2510<0>546<0>1392<0>3962<0>2427<0>2339<0>724<0>1394<0>3876<0>2020<0>614<0>2178<0>2566<0>1376<0>1376<0>3519<0>1869<0>73<0>3626<0>256<0>2921<0>3663<0>3526<0>3123<0>321<0>1394<0>156<0>2993<0>1278<0>3491<0>2312<0>2116<0>2088<0>633<0>3088<0>1236<0>3543<0>2054<0>633<0>290<0>234<0>2032<0>3364<0>3574<0>3898<0>2960<0>... |
Now, he was destined to succeed Augustus to the throne. | <0>962<0>445<0>1512<0>2566<0>1688<0>1376<0>3189<0>3237<0>3874<0>3840<0>2152<0>2182<0>3444<0>3253<0>504<0>135<0>933<0>135<0>3153<0>1023<0>3429<0>2333<0>1394<0>1394<0>3688<0>58<0>1370<0>1278<0>2406<0>885<0>234<0>2178<0>3873<0>1488<0>774<0>614<0>1649<0>602<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>3... |
So how did he get from exile back into the center of Roman power? | <0>2097<0>3663<0>2748<0>3150<0>1206<0>1206<0>3123<0>2978<0>592<0>2338<0>1688<0>2566<0>327<0>4044<0>1762<0>1222<0>614<0>998<0>2700<0>1736<0>43<0>2526<0>1688<0>2538<0>1795<0>73<0>724<0>2178<0>614<0>3786<0>2675<0>2675<0>2980<0>1639<0>3579<0>3151<0>321<0>443<0>1649<0>602<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>2068<0>3... |
Augustus clearly wanted nothing more to do with him, and with Gaius and Lucius progressing nicely, it would take quite a chain of events for the princeps to accept Tiberius back into his good graces. | <0>998<0>3840<0>3591<0>898<0>2325<0>3966<0>2705<0>1219<0>1114<0>1901<0>1512<0>2566<0>321<0>1413<0>2566<0>724<0>2176<0>3123<0>3123<0>1648<0>3918<0>1376<0>3337<0>2176<0>2176<0>2566<0>614<0>1989<0>1989<0>3237<0>970<0>1394<0>2020<0>1278<0>2196<0>1846<0>1307<0>3660<0>1168<0>2566<0>90<0>1114<0>3572<0>135<0>2700<0>2178<0>1370... |
In 2 AD, Lucius, then 19 years old and set to hold the consulship the next year, was traveling to Spain on assignment for Augustus. | <0>2007<0>243<0>90<0>3096<0>584<0>2079<0>3776<0>3183<0>3111<0>2960<0>290<0>4095<0>3237<0>2566<0>805<0>1114<0>3851<0>3626<0>2646<0>3973<0>3237<0>2239<0>1768<0>546<0>1206<0>623<0>2812<0>2875<0>3297<0>3464<0>941<0>135<0>2898<0>4088<0>614<0>2018<0>1958<0>3466<0>135<0>3904<0>1919<0>2178<0>2339<0>3786<0>234<0>5<0>321<0>1370<... |
While he was passing through Gaul, Lucius was stricken by an illness, and before anyone could even be notified that anything was amiss, he died. | <0>443<0>321<0>2020<0>1394<0>1155<0>628<0>3318<0>2595<0>1688<0>3253<0>2176<0>2898<0>651<0>2548<0>1989<0>3237<0>2239<0>2239<0>2020<0>2032<0>3291<0>1114<0>805<0>3921<0>1164<0>1370<0>2637<0>2566<0>321<0>1394<0>3183<0>2566<0>2675<0>2566<0>1744<0>3808<0>3237<0>3237<0>1376<0>3918<0>426<0>3786<0>1289<0>3468<0>1394<0>1651<0>23... |
Augustus was devastated. Without any sons of his own he had raised Lucius as his own. | <0>3179<0>54<0>1512<0>628<0>3318<0>1122<0>234<0>234<0>3626<0>515<0>3770<0>1762<0>770<0>3234<0>2100<0>3606<0>4058<0>3237<0>3237<0>3237<0>2239<0>702<0>3881<0>614<0>1118<0>3591<0>546<0>3194<0>3637<0>73<0>1512<0>1394<0>2566<0>90<0>1512<0>2020<0>2020<0>2566<0>3237<0>3237<0>3183<0>1394<0>1284<0>321<0>351<0>57<0>135<0>2566<0>... |
And now, just like that, the young man Augustus had poured his heart and soul into was gone. | <0>3147<0>135<0>3291<0>277<0>2020<0>614<0>3237<0>1164<0>2993<0>1219<0>1370<0>3123<0>2700<0>3770<0>2178<0>1989<0>3237<0>3071<0>1989<0>670<0>1394<0>1512<0>1168<0>2477<0>3291<0>135<0>3022<0>1278<0>54<0>1132<0>3624<0>90<0>234<0>2239<0>1488<0>774<0>135<0>3018<0>1283<0>321<0>1168<0>2223<0>3786<0>1289<0>2675<0>2625<0>2116<0>6... |
Beyond the emotional blow, this meant that all of Augustus' hopes for a permanent Julian dynasty now rested on Gaius alone. | <0>926<0>807<0>1846<0>1394<0>1394<0>2176<0>2176<0>2993<0>2595<0>614<0>2566<0>614<0>1762<0>614<0>2675<0>4095<0>1376<0>290<0>277<0>2769<0>3642<0>3180<0>1651<0>2548<0>618<0>321<0>507<0>2176<0>2568<0>235<0>4044<0>135<0>3729<0>426<0>3253<0>2176<0>2176<0>3378<0>2700<0>955<0>290<0>2020<0>1370<0>5<0>1192<0>2054<0>1394<0>1394<0... |
Which involved forging a compromise with the Parthians, whereby Rome allowed Parthia's chosen candidate to ascend to the Armenian throne in exchange for the Parthians recognizing that Armenia was firmly in Rome's sphere of influence. | <0>2754<0>492<0>3291<0>2088<0>321<0>3962<0>2898<0>2338<0>3898<0>1168<0>2675<0>2864<0>2551<0>1219<0>1488<0>2535<0>614<0>614<0>724<0>234<0>1277<0>2700<0>1108<0>1311<0>2034<0>962<0>493<0>2566<0>2435<0>3237<0>3237<0>2138<0>321<0>321<0>3122<0>614<0>774<0>2020<0>2566<0>614<0>614<0>1819<0>2700<0>2035<0>321<0>3224<0>2100<0>123... |
Gaius was acting as a tourist in the east when news came that not everyone in Armenia was happy with the compromise. A revolt had broken out and Gaius led the legions in to help quell the disturbances. | <0>530<0>1056<0>2151<0>3935<0>2543<0>3840<0>2741<0>2860<0>2400<0>2088<0>135<0>963<0>3921<0>1442<0>2339<0>2531<0>90<0>1277<0>1056<0>1614<0>648<0>1394<0>2406<0>1989<0>3237<0>2680<0>2239<0>724<0>1394<0>1394<0>2020<0>2369<0>3364<0>1394<0>2088<0>2020<0>2338<0>1370<0>1278<0>2181<0>2020<0>507<0>2312<0>4073<0>1192<0>1488<0>296... |
In 4 AD, while laying siege to a small town, Gaius was wounded. | <0>635<0>172<0>3468<0>1484<0>321<0>2329<0>2100<0>57<0>3111<0>3606<0>3237<0>3726<0>4088<0>321<0>2020<0>209<0>2812<0>3260<0>3353<0>3111<0>3364<0>4059<0>2176<0>2857<0>1074<0>1488<0>1488<0>2020<0>1635<0>724<0>2178<0>1989<0>3237<0>3237<0>2239<0>1838<0>2648<0>974<0>2369<0>2568<0>3626<0>2566<0>2566<0>2960<0>2960<0>3466<0>602<... |
The wound never healed properly and as he traveled back to the west, the infection became worse. | <0>2566<0>3626<0>3918<0>2568<0>2632<0>2649<0>1370<0>2729<0>1512<0>614<0>2700<0>321<0>3434<0>614<0>614<0>1277<0>1989<0>3147<0>3071<0>2566<0>1394<0>2903<0>1377<0>211<0>2648<0>2898<0>2020<0>234<0>628<0>2700<0>1277<0>2566<0>2092<0>4088<0>2650<0>326<0>1989<0>2239<0>2637<0>1394<0>234<0>1219<0>1569<0>4059<0>3123<0>3153<0>1376... |
He died on the southern coast of Anatolia at the tender age of 24. | <0>3183<0>1394<0>253<0>321<0>2413<0>1168<0>135<0>2903<0>2176<0>3918<0>1284<0>175<0>234<0>5<0>2960<0>2566<0>724<0>234<0>3579<0>614<0>2566<0>2960<0>234<0>3071<0>3237<0>3237<0>2239<0>234<0>2116<0>3526<0>649<0>2088<0>774<0>3243<0>662<0>1508<0>290<0>234<0>614<0>1168<0>1667<0>1446<0>2092<0>1289<0>443<0>602<0>2068<0>3981<1>18... |
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