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What is (are) Monitor Your Diabetes ? | Sometimes, no matter how hard you try to keep your blood glucose levels in your target range, they will be too high or too low. Blood glucose thats too high or too low can make you feel sick. If you try to control your high or low blood glucose and cant, you may become even sicker and need help. Talk with your doctor t... |
What is (are) Your Guide to Diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2 ? | Diabetes is when your blood glucose, also called blood sugar, is too high. Blood glucose is the main type of sugar found in your blood and your main source of energy. Glucose comes from the food you eat and is also made in your liver and muscles. Your blood carries glucose to all of your bodys cells to use for energy.
... |
What is (are) Your Guide to Diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2 ? | Prediabetes is when the amount of glucose in your blood is above normal yet not high enough to be called diabetes. With prediabetes, your chances of getting type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke are higher. With some weight loss and moderate physical activity, you can delay or prevent type 2 diabetes. You can even... |
What are the symptoms of Your Guide to Diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2 ? | The signs and symptoms of diabetes are
- being very thirsty - urinating often - feeling very hungry - feeling very tired - losing weight without trying - sores that heal slowly - dry, itchy skin - feelings of pins and needles in your feet - losing feeling in your feet - blurry eyesight
... |
What is (are) Indigestion ? | Indigestion, also known as dyspepsia, is a term used to describe one or more symptoms including a feeling of fullness during a meal, uncomfortable fullness after a meal, and burning or pain in the upper abdomen.
Indigestion is common in adults and can occur once in a while or as often as every day. |
What causes Indigestion ? | Indigestion can be caused by a condition in the digestive tract such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease, cancer, or abnormality of the pancreas or bile ducts. If the condition improves or resolves, the symptoms of indigestion usually improve.
Sometimes a person has indigest... |
What are the symptoms of Indigestion ? | Most people with indigestion experience more than one of the following symptoms:
- Fullness during a meal. The person feels overly full soon after the meal starts and cannot finish the meal. - Bothersome fullness after a meal. The person feels overly full after a mealit may feel like the food is stayi... |
How to diagnose Indigestion ? | To diagnose indigestion, the doctor asks about the person's current symptoms and medical history and performs a physical examination. The doctor may order x rays of the stomach and small intestine.
The doctor may perform blood, breath, or stool tests if the type of bacteria that causes peptic ulcer dis... |
What are the treatments for Indigestion ? | Some people may experience relief from symptoms of indigestion by
- eating several small, low-fat meals throughout the day at a slow pace - refraining from smoking - abstaining from consuming coffee, carbonated beverages, and alcohol - stopping use of medications that may irritate the stomach lining... |
What to do for Indigestion ? | - Indigestion, also known as dyspepsia, is a term used to describe one or more symptoms including a feeling of fullness during a meal, uncomfortable fullness after a meal, and burning or pain in the upper abdomen. - Indigestion can be caused by a condition in the digestive tract such as gastroesophageal reflux disease... |
What is (are) Wilson Disease ? | Wilson disease is a genetic disease that prevents the body from removing extra copper. The body needs a small amount of copper from food to stay healthy; however, too much copper is poisonous. Normally, the liver filters extra copper and releases it into bile. Bile is a fluid made by the liver that carries toxins and w... |
What is (are) Wilson Disease ? | The liver is the bodys largest internal organ. The liver is called the bodys metabolic factory because of the important role it plays in metabolismthe way cells change food into energy after food is digested and absorbed into the blood. The liver has many important functions, including
- taking up, sto... |
What causes Wilson Disease ? | Wilson disease is caused by an inherited autosomal recessive mutation, or change, in the ATP7B gene. In an autosomal recessive disease, the child has to inherit the gene mutation from both parents to have an increased likelihood for the disease. The chance of a child inheriting autosomal recessive mutations from both p... |
What are the symptoms of Wilson Disease ? | The signs and symptoms of Wilson disease vary, depending on what organs of the body are affected. Wilson disease is present at birth; however, the signs and symptoms of the disease do not appear until the copper builds up in the liver, the brain, or other organs.
When people have signs and symptoms, th... |
What are the complications of Wilson Disease ? | People who have Wilson disease that is not treated or diagnosed early can have serious complications, such as
- cirrhosisscarring of the liver - kidney damageas liver function decreases, the kidneys may be damaged - persistent nervous system problems when nervous system symptoms do not resolve - liv... |
How to diagnose Wilson Disease ? | A health care provider may use several tests and exams to diagnose Wilson disease, including the following:
- medical and family history - physical exam - blood tests - urine tests - liver biopsy - imaging tests
Health care providers typically see the same symptoms of Wilson disea... |
What are the treatments for Wilson Disease ? | A health care provider will treat Wilson disease with a lifelong effort to reduce and control the amount of copper in the body. Treatment may include
- medications - changes in eating, diet, and nutrition - a liver transplant
Medications
A health care provider will p... |
What to do for Wilson Disease ? | People with Wilson disease should reduce their dietary copper intake by avoiding foods that are high in copper, such as
- shellfish - liver - mushrooms - nuts - chocolate
People should not eat these foods during the initial treatment and talk with the health care provider to discus... |
How to prevent Wilson Disease ? | A person cannot prevent Wilson disease; however, people with a family history of Wilson disease, especially those with an affected sibling or parent, should talk with a health care provider about testing. A health care provider may be able to diagnose Wilson disease before symptoms appear. Early diagnosis and treatment... |
What to do for Wilson Disease ? | - Wilson disease is a genetic disease that prevents the body from removing extra copper. - Normally, the liver filters extra copper and releases it into bile. In Wilson disease, the liver does not filter copper correctly and copper builds up in the liver, brain, eyes, and other organs. - Wilson disease is caused by a... |
What is (are) Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome ? | Childhood nephrotic syndrome is not a disease in itself; rather, it is a group of symptoms that
- indicate kidney damageparticularly damage to the glomeruli, the tiny units within the kidney where blood is filtered - result in the release of too much protein from the body into the urine
... |
What is (are) Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome ? | The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located just below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine. Every day, the kidneys filter about 120 to 150 quarts of blood to produce about 1 to 2 quarts of urine, composed of wastes and extra fluid. Children produce less urine than adu... |
What causes Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome ? | While idiopathic, or unknown, diseases are the most common cause of primary childhood nephrotic syndrome, researchers have linked certain diseases and some specific genetic changes that damage the kidneys with primary childhood nephrotic syndrome.
The cause of secondary childhood nephrotic syndrome is ... |
What are the symptoms of Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome ? | The signs and symptoms of childhood nephrotic syndrome may include
- edemaswelling, most often in the legs, feet, or ankles and less often in the hands or face - albuminuriawhen a childs urine has high levels of albumin - hypoalbuminemiawhen a childs blood has low levels of albumin - hyperlipidemiaw... |
What are the complications of Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome ? | The complications of childhood nephrotic syndrome may include
- infection. When the kidneys are damaged, a child is more likely to develop infections because the body loses proteins that normally protect against infection. Health care providers will prescribe medications to treat infections. Children w... |
How to diagnose Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome ? | A health care provider diagnoses childhood nephrotic syndrome with
- a medical and family history - a physical exam - urine tests - a blood test - ultrasound of the kidney - kidney biopsy
Medical and Family History
Taking a medical and family history is one of the... |
What are the treatments for Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome ? | Health care providers will decide how to treat childhood nephrotic syndrome based on the type:
- primary childhood nephrotic syndrome: medications - secondary childhood nephrotic syndrome: treat the underlying illness or disease - congenital nephrotic syndrome: medications, surgery to remove one or b... |
How to prevent Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome ? | Researchers have not found a way to prevent childhood nephrotic syndrome when the cause is idiopathic or congenital. |
What to do for Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome ? | Children who have nephrotic syndrome may need to make changes to their diet, such as
- limiting the amount of sodium, often from salt, they take in each day - reducing the amount of liquids they drink each day - eating a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol to help control elevated cholesterol l... |
What to do for Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome ? | - Childhood nephrotic syndrome is not a disease in itself; rather, it is a group of symptoms that - indicate kidney damageparticularly damage to the glomeruli, the tiny units within the kidney where blood is filtered - result in the release of too much protein from the body into the urine - The two types of ... |
What is (are) Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease ? | Acquired cystic kidney disease happens when a person's kidneys develop fluid-filled sacs, called cysts, over time. Acquired cystic kidney disease is not the same as polycystic kidney disease (PKD), another disease that causes the kidneys to develop multiple cysts.
Acquired cystic kidney disease occurs ... |
What is (are) Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease ? | Acquired cystic kidney disease differs from PKD in several ways. Unlike acquired cystic kidney disease, PKD is a genetic, or inherited, disorder that can cause complications such as high blood pressure and problems with blood vessels in the brain and heart.
The following chart lists the differences:
... |
How many people are affected by Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease ? | Acquired cystic kidney disease becomes more common the longer a person has CKD.
- About 7 to 22 percent of people with CKD already have acquired cystic kidney disease before starting dialysis treatments. - Almost 60 percent of people on dialysis for 2 to 4 years develop acquired cystic kidney disease.... |
What causes Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease ? | Researchers do not fully understand what causes cysts to grow in the kidneys of people with CKD. The fact that these cysts occur only in the kidneys and not in other parts of the body, as in PKD, indicates that the processes that lead to cyst formation take place primarily inside the kidneys.2 |
What are the symptoms of Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease ? | A person with acquired cystic kidney disease often has no symptoms. However, the complications of acquired cystic kidney disease can have signs and symptoms. |
What are the complications of Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease ? | People with acquired cystic kidney disease may develop the following complications:
- an infected cyst, which can cause fever and back pain. - blood in the urine, which can signal that a cyst in the kidney is bleeding. - tumors in the kidneys. People with acquired cystic kidney disease are more likel... |
How to diagnose Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease ? | A health care provider may diagnose a person with acquired cystic kidney disease based on
- medical history - imaging tests
Medical History
Taking a medical history may help a health care provider diagnose acquired cystic kidney disease. A health care provider may sus... |
What are the treatments for Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease ? | If acquired cystic kidney disease is not causing complications, a person does not need treatment. A health care provider will treat infections with antibioticsmedications that kill bacteria. If large cysts are causing pain, a health care provider may drain the cyst using a long needle inserted into the cyst through the... |
What to do for Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease ? | No specific diet will prevent or delay acquired cystic kidney disease. In general, a diet designed for people on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis reduces the amount of wastes that accumulate in the body between dialysis sessions.
More information is provided in the NIDDK health topics, Eat Right to ... |
What to do for Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease ? | - Acquired cystic kidney disease happens when a person's kidneys develop fluid-filled sacs, called cysts, over time. - Acquired cystic kidney disease occurs in children and adults who have - chronic kidney disease (CKD) - end-stage kidney disease (ESRD) - People with acquired cystic kidney disease may devel... |
What is (are) What I need to know about Diverticular Disease ? | Diverticular* disease affects the colon. The colon is part of the large intestine that removes waste from your body. Diverticular disease is made up of two conditions: diverticulosis and diverticulitis. Diverticulosis occurs when pouches, called diverticula, form in the colon. These pouches bulge out like weak spots in... |
What causes What I need to know about Diverticular Disease ? | Doctors are not sure what causes diverticular disease. Many think a diet low in fiber is the main cause. Fiber is a part of food that your body cannot digest. It is found in many fruits and vegetables. Fiber stays in the colon and absorbs water, which makes bowel movements easier to pass. Diets low in fiber may cause c... |
What are the symptoms of What I need to know about Diverticular Disease ? | The symptoms for diverticulosis and diverticulitis are different.
Diverticulosis. Many people don't have symptoms, but some people have cramping, bloating, and constipation. Some people also have bleeding, inflammation, and fistulas. If you are bleeding, bright red blood will pass through your rectum. ... |
Who is at risk for What I need to know about Diverticular Disease? ? | Many people get diverticular disease. Starting at age 40, the chance of getting it increases about every 10 years. About half of people between the ages of 60 and 80 have diverticular disease. Almost everyone over 80 has it. |
What are the treatments for What I need to know about Diverticular Disease ? | Treatment for diverticular disease depends on how serious the problem is and whether you are suffering from diverticulosis or diverticulitis. Most people get better by changing their diet. If you have rectal bleeding, you need to go to the hospital so a doctor can find the part of your colon that is bleeding. The docto... |
What are the treatments for What I need to know about Diverticular Disease ? | Eating high-fiber foods can help relieve symptoms. Sometimes mild pain medications also help. |
What are the treatments for What I need to know about Diverticular Disease ? | A doctor may prescribe antibiotics and recommend following a liquid diet. Most people get better with this treatment. Some people may need surgery and other treatments.
- Surgery. Serious problems from diverticulitis are treated with surgery. Surgeons can clean the abdomen after infections and remove b... |
What is (are) What I need to know about Diverticular Disease ? | Eat a high-fiber diet to help prevent problems. Talk to your doctor about using fiber products like Benefiber, Citrucel, or Metamucil. Daily use can help you get the fiber you need if you do not get it through your diet.
Ask your doctor about which food choices are right for you.
Eatin... |
What to do for What I need to know about Diverticular Disease ? | - Diverticular disease is more common in people as they grow older. - A low-fiber diet is the most likely cause of the disease. - Most people are treated with a high-fiber diet and pain medication. - Add whole grain foods, high-fiber fruits, and vegetables to your diet. - Contact a doctor if you notice symptoms suc... |
What is (are) Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ? | Primary biliary cirrhosis is a chronic, or long lasting, disease that causes the small bile ducts in the liver to become inflamed and damaged and ultimately disappear.
The bile ducts carry a fluid called bile from the liver to the gallbladder, where it is stored. When food enters the stomach after a me... |
What causes Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ? | The causes of primary biliary cirrhosis are unknown. Most research suggests it is an autoimmune disease. The immune system protects people from infection by identifying and destroying bacteria, viruses, and other potentially harmful foreign substances. An autoimmune disease is a disorder in which the bodys immune syste... |
What are the symptoms of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ? | The first and most common symptoms of primary biliary cirrhosis are
- fatigue, or feeling tired - itching skin, and darkened skin in itching areas due to scratching - dry eyes and mouth
Some people may have jaundice, a condition that causes the skin and whites of the eyes to turn yel... |
What are the complications of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ? | Most complications of primary biliary cirrhosis are related to cirrhosis and start after primary biliary cirrhosis progresses to cirrhosis. In some cases, portal hypertension and esophageal varices may develop before cirrhosis.
Portal hypertension. The portal vein carries blood from the stomach, intest... |
How to diagnose Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ? | A health care provider may use the following tests to diagnose primary biliary cirrhosis:
- a medical and family history - a physical exam - blood tests - imaging tests - a liver biopsy
A health care provider usually bases a diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis on two out of thre... |
What are the treatments for Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ? | Treatment for primary biliary cirrhosis depends on how early a health care provider diagnoses the disease and whether complications are present. In the early stages of primary biliary cirrhosis, treatment can slow the progression of liver damage to cirrhosis. In the early stages of cirrhosis, the goals of treatment are... |
What to do for Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ? | A healthy diet is important in all stages of cirrhosis because malnutrition is common in people with this disease. Malnutrition is a condition that occurs when the body does not get enough nutrients. Cirrhosis may lead to malnutrition because it can cause
- people to eat less because of symptoms such a... |
What to do for Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ? | - Primary biliary cirrhosis is a chronic disease that causes the small bile ducts in the liver to become inflamed and damaged and ultimately disappear. - When chronic inflammation damages the bile ducts, bile and toxic wastes build up in the liver, damaging liver tissue. This damage to the liver tissue can lead to cir... |
What is (are) Dumping Syndrome ? | Dumping syndrome occurs when food, especially sugar, moves too fast from the stomach to the duodenumthe first part of the small intestinein the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This condition is also called rapid gastric emptying. Dumping syndrome has two forms, based on when symptoms occur:
- early ... |
What is (are) Dumping Syndrome ? | The GI tract is a series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anusthe opening where stool leaves the body. The body digests food using the movement of muscles in the GI tract, along with the release of hormones and enzymes. The upper GI tract includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, duo... |
What causes Dumping Syndrome ? | Dumping syndrome is caused by problems with the storage of food particles in the stomach and emptying of particles into the duodenum. Early dumping syndrome results from rapid movement of fluid into the intestine following a sudden addition of a large amount of food from the stomach. Late dumping syndrome results from ... |
What are the symptoms of Dumping Syndrome ? | The symptoms of early and late dumping syndrome are different and vary from person to person. Early dumping syndrome symptoms may include
- nausea - vomiting - abdominal pain and cramping - diarrhea - feeling uncomfortably full or bloated after a meal - sweating - weakness - dizziness - flushin... |
How to diagnose Dumping Syndrome ? | A health care provider will diagnose dumping syndrome primarily on the basis of symptoms. A scoring system helps differentiate dumping syndrome from other GI problems. The scoring system assigns points to each symptom and the total points result in a score. A person with a score above 7 likely has dumping syndrome.
... |
What are the treatments for Dumping Syndrome ? | Treatment for dumping syndrome includes changes in eating, diet, and nutrition; medication; and, in some cases, surgery. Many people with dumping syndrome have mild symptoms that improve over time with simple dietary changes. |
What to do for Dumping Syndrome ? | The first step to minimizing symptoms of dumping syndrome involves changes in eating, diet, and nutrition, and may include
- eating five or six small meals a day instead of three larger meals - delaying liquid intake until at least 30 minutes after a meal - increasing intake of protein, fiber, and co... |
What to do for Dumping Syndrome ? | - Dumping syndrome occurs when food, especially sugar, moves too fast from the stomach to the duodenumthe first part of the small intestinein the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. - Dumping syndrome has two forms, based on when symptoms occur: - early dumping syndromeoccurs 10 to 30 minutes after a meal - lat... |
What is (are) Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children ? | Irritable bowel syndrome is a functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder, meaning it is a problem caused by changes in how the GI tract works. Children with a functional GI disorder have frequent symptoms, but the GI tract does not become damaged. IBS is not a disease; it is a group of symptoms that occur together. The ... |
What is (are) Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children ? | The GI tract is a series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anus. The movement of muscles in the GI tract, along with the release of hormones and enzymes, allows for the digestion of food. Organs that make up the GI tract are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large inte... |
How many people are affected by Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children ? | Limited information is available about the number of children with IBS. Older studies have reported prevalence rates for recurrent abdominal pain in children of 10 to 20 percent.1 However, these studies did not differentiate IBS from functional abdominal pain, indigestion, and abdominal migraine. One study of children ... |
What are the symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children ? | The symptoms of IBS include abdominal pain or discomfort and changes in bowel habits. To meet the definition of IBS, the pain or discomfort should be associated with two of the following three symptoms:
- start with bowel movements that occur more or less often than usual - start with stool that appea... |
What causes Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children ? | The causes of IBS are not well understood. Researchers believe a combination of physical and mental health problems can lead to IBS. The possible causes of IBS in children include the following:
- Brain-gut signal problems. Signals between the brain and nerves of the small and large intestines, also ca... |
How to diagnose Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children ? | To diagnose IBS, a health care provider will conduct a physical exam and take a complete medical history. The medical history will include questions about the childs symptoms, family members with GI disorders, recent infections, medications, and stressful events related to the onset of symptoms. IBS is diagnosed when t... |
What are the treatments for Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children ? | Though there is no cure for IBS, the symptoms can be treated with a combination of the following:
- changes in eating, diet, and nutrition - medications - probiotics - therapies for mental health problems |
What to do for Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children ? | Large meals can cause cramping and diarrhea, so eating smaller meals more often, or eating smaller portions, may help IBS symptoms. Eating meals that are low in fat and high in carbohydrates, such as pasta, rice, whole-grain breads and cereals, fruits, and vegetables may help.
Certain foods and drinks ... |
What to do for Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children ? | - Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder, meaning it is a problem caused by changes in how the GI tract works. Children with a functional GI disorder have frequent symptoms, but the GI tract does not become damaged. - IBS is not a disease; it is a group of symptoms that occur tog... |
What is (are) Peyronie's Disease ? | Peyronies disease is a disorder in which scar tissue, called a plaque, forms in the penisthe male organ used for urination and sex. The plaque builds up inside the tissues of a thick, elastic membrane called the tunica albuginea. The most common area for the plaque is on the top or bottom of the penis. As the plaque bu... |
What causes Peyronie's Disease ? | Medical experts do not know the exact cause of Peyronies disease. Many believe that Peyronies disease may be the result of
- acute injury to the penis - chronic, or repeated, injury to the penis - autoimmune diseasea disorder in which the bodys immune system attacks the bodys own cells and organs
... |
How many people are affected by Peyronie's Disease ? | Researchers estimate that Peyronies disease may affect 1 to 23 percent of men between 40 and 70 years of age.1 However, the actual occurrence of Peyronies disease may be higher due to mens embarrassment and health care providers limited reporting.1 The disease is rare in young men, although it has been reported in men ... |
What are the symptoms of Peyronie's Disease ? | The signs and symptoms of Peyronies disease may include
- hard lumps on one or more sides of the penis - pain during sexual intercourse or during an erection - a curve in the penis either with or without an erection - narrowing or shortening of the penis - ED
Symptoms of Peyronies ... |
What are the complications of Peyronie's Disease ? | Complications of Peyronies disease may include
- the inability to have sexual intercourse - ED - anxiety, or stress, about sexual abilities or the appearance of the penis - stress on a relationship with a sexual partner - problems fathering a child because intercourse is difficult |
How to diagnose Peyronie's Disease ? | A urologist diagnoses Peyronies disease based on
- a medical and family history - a physical exam - imaging tests
Medical and Family History
Taking a medical and family history is one of the first things a urologist may do to help diagnose Peyronies disease. He or sh... |
What are the treatments for Peyronie's Disease ? | A urologist may treat Peyronies disease with nonsurgical treatments or surgery.
The goal of treatment is to reduce pain and restore and maintain the ability to have intercourse. Men with small plaques, minimal penile curvature, no pain, and satisfactory sexual function may not need treatment until symp... |
How to prevent Peyronie's Disease ? | Researchers do not know how to prevent Peyronies disease. |
What to do for Peyronie's Disease ? | Researchers have not found that eating, diet, and nutrition play a role in causing or preventing Peyronies disease. |
What to do for Peyronie's Disease ? | - Peyronies disease is a disorder in which scar tissue, called a plaque, forms in the penisthe male organ used for urination and sex. - Medical experts do not know the exact cause of Peyronies disease. Many believe that Peyronies disease may be the result of - acute injury to the penis - chronic, or repeated, ... |
What is (are) Hashimoto's Disease ? | Hashimotos disease, also called chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis or autoimmune thyroiditis, is an autoimmune disease. An autoimmune disease is a disorder in which the bodys immune system attacks the bodys own cells and organs. Normally, the immune system protects the body from infection by identifying and destroying bac... |
What is (are) Hashimoto's Disease ? | The thyroid is a 2-inch-long, butterfly-shaped gland weighing less than 1 ounce. Located in the front of the neck below the larynx, or voice box, it has two lobes, one on either side of the windpipe.
The thyroid is one of the glands that make up the endocrine system. The glands of the endocrine system ... |
What are the symptoms of Hashimoto's Disease ? | Many people with Hashimotos disease have no symptoms at first. As the disease slowly progresses, the thyroid usually enlarges and may cause the front of the neck to look swollen. The enlarged thyroid, called a goiter, may create a feeling of fullness in the throat, though it is usually not painful. After many years, or... |
How to diagnose Hashimoto's Disease ? | Diagnosis begins with a physical exam and medical history. A goiter, nodules, or growths may be found during a physical exam, and symptoms may suggest hypothyroidism. Health care providers will then perform blood tests to confirm the diagnosis. A blood test involves drawing blood at a health care providers office or a ... |
What are the treatments for Hashimoto's Disease ? | Treatment generally depends on whether the thyroid is damaged enough to cause hypothyroidism. In the absence of hypothyroidism, some health care providers treat Hashimotos disease to reduce the size of the goiter. Others choose not to treat the disease and simply monitor their patients for disease progression.
... |
What to do for Hashimoto's Disease ? | Iodine is an essential mineral for the thyroid. However, people with Hashimotos disease may be sensitive to harmful side effects from iodine. Taking iodine drops or eating foods containing large amounts of iodinesuch as seaweed, dulse, or kelpmay cause or worsen hypothyroidism. Read more in Iodine in diet at www.nlm.ni... |
What to do for Hashimoto's Disease ? | - Hashimotos disease, also called chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis or autoimmune thyroiditis, is an autoimmune disease. - Hashimotos disease often leads to reduced thyroid function, or hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is a disorder that occurs when the thyroid doesnt make enough thyroid hormone for the bodys needs. - Ha... |
What is (are) Primary Hyperparathyroidism ? | Primary hyperparathyroidism is a disorder of the parathyroid glands, also called parathyroids. Primary means this disorder originates in the parathyroid glands. In primary hyperparathyroidism, one or more of the parathyroid glands are overactive. As a result, the gland releases too much parathyroid hormone (PTH). The d... |
What is (are) Primary Hyperparathyroidism ? | The parathyroid glands are four pea-sized glands located on or near the thyroid gland in the neck. Occasionally, a person is born with one or more of the parathyroid glands in another location. For example, a gland may be embedded in the thyroid, in the thymusan immune system organ located in the chestor elsewhere arou... |
What is (are) Primary Hyperparathyroidism ? | High PTH levels trigger the bones to release increased amounts of calcium into the blood, causing blood calcium levels to rise above normal. The loss of calcium from bones may weaken the bones. Also, the small intestine may absorb more calcium from food, adding to the excess calcium in the blood. In response to high bl... |
What causes Primary Hyperparathyroidism ? | In about 80 percent of people with primary hyperparathyroidism, a benign, or noncancerous, tumor called an adenoma has formed in one of the parathyroid glands.2 The tumor causes the gland to become overactive. In most other cases, the excess hormone comes from two or more overactive parathyroid glands, a condition call... |
What are the symptoms of Primary Hyperparathyroidism ? | Most people with primary hyperparathyroidism have no symptoms. When symptoms appear, they are often mild and nonspecific, such as
- muscle weakness - fatigue and an increased need for sleep - feelings of depression - aches and pains in bones and joints
People with more severe diseas... |
How to diagnose Primary Hyperparathyroidism ? | Health care providers diagnose primary hyperparathyroidism when a person has high blood calcium and PTH levels. High blood calcium is usually the first sign that leads health care providers to suspect parathyroid gland overactivity. Other diseases can cause high blood calcium levels, but only in primary hyperparathyroi... |
How to diagnose Primary Hyperparathyroidism ? | Once the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism is established, other tests may be done to assess complications:
- Bone mineral density test. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, sometimes called a DXA or DEXA scan, uses low-dose x rays to measure bone density. During the test, a person lies on a padded... |
What are the treatments for Primary Hyperparathyroidism ? | Surgery
Surgery to remove the overactive parathyroid gland or glands is the only definitive treatment for the disorder, particularly if the patient has a very high blood calcium level or has had a fracture or a kidney stone. In patients without any symptoms, guidelines are used to identify who might be... |
What to do for Primary Hyperparathyroidism ? | Eating, diet, and nutrition have not been shown to play a role in causing or preventing primary hyperparathyroidism.
Vitamin D. Experts suggest correcting vitamin D deficiency in people with primary hyperparathyroidism to achieve a serum level of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D greater than 20 nanograms per decil... |
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