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What are the complications of Renal Artery Stenosis ? | People with RAS are at increased risk for complications resulting from loss of kidney function or atherosclerosis occurring in other blood vessels, such as
- chronic kidney disease (CKD)reduced kidney function over a period of time - coronary artery diseasenarrowing and hardening of arteries that supp... |
How to diagnose Renal Artery Stenosis ? | A health care provider can diagnose RAS by listening to the abdomen with a stethoscope and performing imaging tests. When blood flows through a narrow artery, it sometimes makes a whooshing sound, called a bruit. The health care provider may place a stethoscope on the front or the side of the abdomen to listen for this... |
What are the treatments for Renal Artery Stenosis ? | Treatment for RAS includes lifestyle changes, medications, and surgery and aims to
- prevent RAS from getting worse - treat RVH - relieve the blockage of the renal arteries
RAS that has not led to RVH or caused a significant blockage of the artery may not need treatment. RAS that nee... |
What to do for Renal Artery Stenosis ? | Limiting intake of fats, cholesterol, sodium, and sugar can help prevent atherosclerosis, which can lead to RAS. Most sodium in the diet comes from salt. A healthy diet that prevents people from becoming overweight or obese can also help prevent atherosclerosis. People with RAS that has caused decreased kidney function... |
What to do for Renal Artery Stenosis ? | - Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is the narrowing of one or both renal arteries. The renal arteries are blood vessels that carry blood to the kidneys from the aortathe main blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to arteries throughout the body. - Renovascular hypertension (RVH) is high blood pressure caused by RA... |
What is (are) Inguinal Hernia ? | An inguinal hernia happens when contents of the abdomenusually fat or part of the small intestinebulge through a weak area in the lower abdominal wall. The abdomen is the area between the chest and the hips. The area of the lower abdominal wall is also called the inguinal or groin region.
Two types of ... |
What is (are) Inguinal Hernia ? | The inguinal canal is a passage through the lower abdominal wall. People have two inguinal canalsone on each side of the lower abdomen. In males, the spermatic cords pass through the inguinal canals and connect to the testicles in the scrotumthe sac around the testicles. The spermatic cords contain blood vessels, nerve... |
What causes Inguinal Hernia ? | The cause of inguinal hernias depends on the type of inguinal hernia.
Indirect inguinal hernias. A defect in the abdominal wall that is present at birth causes an indirect inguinal hernia.
During the development of the fetus in the womb, the lining of the abdominal cavity forms and ext... |
What are the symptoms of Inguinal Hernia ? | The first sign of an inguinal hernia is a small bulge on one or, rarely, on both sides of the grointhe area just above the groin crease between the lower abdomen and the thigh. The bulge may increase in size over time and usually disappears when lying down.
Other signs and symptoms can include
... |
What are the complications of Inguinal Hernia ? | Inguinal hernias can cause the following complications:
- Incarceration. An incarcerated hernia happens when part of the fat or small intestine from inside the abdomen becomes stuck in the groin or scrotum and cannot go back into the abdomen. A health care provider is unable to massage the hernia back ... |
How to diagnose Inguinal Hernia ? | A health care provider diagnoses an inguinal hernia with
- a medical and family history - a physical exam - imaging tests, including x rays
Medical and family history. Taking a medical and family history may help a health care provider diagnose an inguinal hernia. Often the symptoms ... |
What are the treatments for Inguinal Hernia ? | Repair of an inguinal hernia via surgery is the only treatment for inguinal hernias and can prevent incarceration and strangulation. Health care providers recommend surgery for most people with inguinal hernias and especially for people with hernias that cause symptoms. Research suggests that men with hernias that caus... |
How to prevent Inguinal Hernia ? | People cannot prevent the weakness in the abdominal wall that causes indirect inguinal hernias. However, people may be able to prevent direct inguinal hernias by maintaining a healthy weight and not smoking.
People can keep inguinal hernias from getting worse or keep inguinal hernias from recurring aft... |
What to do for Inguinal Hernia ? | Researchers have not found that eating, diet, and nutrition play a role in causing inguinal hernias. A person with an inguinal hernia may be able to prevent symptoms by eating high-fiber foods. Fresh fruits, vegetables, and whole grains are high in fiber and may help prevent the constipation and straining that cause so... |
What to do for Inguinal Hernia ? | - An inguinal hernia happens when contents of the abdomenusually fat or part of the small intestinebulge through a weak area in the lower abdominal wall. - A defect in the abdominal wall that is present at birth causes an indirect inguinal hernia. - Direct inguinal hernias usually occur only in male adults as aging a... |
What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | You already know you need to watch how much you drink. Any food that is liquid at room temperature also contains water. These foods include soup, Jell-O, and ice cream. Many fruits and vegetables contain lots of water, too. They include melons, grapes, apples, oranges, tomatoes, lettuce, and celery. All these foods add... |
What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | You already know you need to watch how much you drink. Any food that is liquid at room temperature also contains water. These foods include soup, Jell-O, and ice cream. Many fruits and vegetables contain lots of water, too. They include melons, grapes, apples, oranges, tomatoes, lettuce, and celery. All these foods add... |
What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Potassium is a mineral found in many foods, especially milk, fruits, and vegetables. It affects how steadily your heart beats. Healthy kidneys keep the right amount of potassium in the blood to keep the heart beating at a steady pace. Potassium levels can rise between dialysis sessions and affect your heartbeat. Eating... |
What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Potassium is a mineral found in many foods, especially milk, fruits, and vegetables. It affects how steadily your heart beats. Healthy kidneys keep the right amount of potassium in the blood to keep the heart beating at a steady pace. Potassium levels can rise between dialysis sessions and affect your heartbeat. Eating... |
What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Phosphorus is a mineral found in many foods. If you have too much phosphorus in your blood, it pulls calcium from your bones. Losing calcium will make your bones weak and likely to break. Also, too much phosphorus may make your skin itch. Foods like milk and cheese, dried beans, peas, colas, nuts, and peanut butter are... |
What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Phosphorus is a mineral found in many foods. If you have too much phosphorus in your blood, it pulls calcium from your bones. Losing calcium will make your bones weak and likely to break. Also, too much phosphorus may make your skin itch. Foods like milk and cheese, dried beans, peas, colas, nuts, and peanut butter are... |
What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Before you were on dialysis, your doctor may have told you to follow a low-protein diet. Being on dialysis changes this. Most people on dialysis are encouraged to eat as much high-quality protein as they can. Protein helps you keep muscle and repair tissue. The better nourished you are, the healthier you will be. You w... |
What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Before you were on dialysis, your doctor may have told you to follow a low-protein diet. Being on dialysis changes this. Most people on dialysis are encouraged to eat as much high-quality protein as they can. Protein helps you keep muscle and repair tissue. The better nourished you are, the healthier you will be. You w... |
What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Sodium is found in salt and other foods. Most canned foods and frozen dinners contain large amounts of sodium. Too much sodium makes you thirsty. But if you drink more fluid, your heart has to work harder to pump the fluid through your body. Over time, this can cause high blood pressure and congestive heart failure.
... |
What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Sodium is found in salt and other foods. Most canned foods and frozen dinners contain large amounts of sodium. Too much sodium makes you thirsty. But if you drink more fluid, your heart has to work harder to pump the fluid through your body. Over time, this can cause high blood pressure and congestive heart failure.
... |
What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Calories provide energy for your body. If your doctor recommends it, you may need to cut down on the calories you eat. A dietitian can help you plan ways to cut calories in the best possible way.
Some people on dialysis need to gain weight. You may need to find ways to add calories to your diet. Vegeta... |
What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ? | Calories provide energy for your body. If your doctor recommends it, you may need to cut down on the calories you eat. A dietitian can help you plan ways to cut calories in the best possible way.
Some people on dialysis need to gain weight. You may need to find ways to add calories to your diet. Vegeta... |
What is (are) Prevent diabetes problems: Keep your diabetes under control ? | Diabetes problems are health problems that can happen when you have diabetes. If your diabetes is not under control, you will have too much glucose*, also called sugar, in your blood. Having too much glucose in your blood for a long time can affect many important parts of your body, such as your
- bloo... |
What is (are) Prevent diabetes problems: Keep your diabetes under control ? | The A1C test, also called the hemoglobin A1C test, HbA1C, or glycohemoglobin test, is a blood test that reflects the average level of glucose in your blood during the past 3 months. Your A1C test result is given in percents. Your doctor might use the A1C test to help diagnose your diabetes. Your doctor will draw a samp... |
What to do for Prevent diabetes problems: Keep your diabetes under control ? | Following a healthy eating plan is a key step in living with diabetes and preventing diabetes problems. Your health care team will help you make a healthy eating plan.
More information is provided in the NIDDK health topic, What I need to know about Eating and Diabetes or call 18008608747. |
How to prevent Prevent diabetes problems: Keep your diabetes under control ? | You can take steps each day to prevent diabetes problems.
Steps Healthy Eating - Follow the healthy eating plan that you and your doctor or dietitian have made. - Learn what to eat to keep your blood glucose levels under control. - Make wise food choices to help y... |
How to diagnose Prevent diabetes problems: Keep your diabetes under control ? | This chart lists important tests, exams, and vaccines to get at least once or twice a year.
Tests, Exams, and Vaccines to Get at Least Once or Twice a Year Make Sure to A1C test - Have this blood test at least twice a year. Your result will tell you what your average blood gluco... |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | CKD usually takes a long time to develop and does not go away. In CKD, the kidneys continue to workjust not as well as they should. Wastes may build up so gradually that the body becomes used to having those wastes in the blood. Salts containing phosphorus and potassium may rise to unsafe levels, causing heart and bone... |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | MNT is the use of nutrition counseling by a registered dietitian to help promote a medical or health goal. A health care provider may refer a patient to a registered dietitian to help with the patient's food plan. Many insurance policies cover MNT when recommended by a health care provider. Anyone who qualifies for Med... |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | As CKD progresses, people often lose their appetites because they find that foods do not taste the same. As a result, they consume fewer caloriesimportant units of energy in foodand may lose too much weight. Renal dietitians can help people with advanced CKD find healthy ways to add calories to their diet if they are l... |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | Protein is an essential part of any diet. Proteins help build and maintain muscle, bone, skin, connective tissue, internal organs, and blood. They help fight disease and heal wounds. But proteins also break down into waste products that must be removed from the blood by the kidneys. Eating more protein than the body ne... |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | Most peoplewith or without CKDcan get the daily protein they need by eating two 3-ounce servings of meat or meat substitute. A 3-ounce serving of meat is about the size of a deck of cards or the palm of a persons hand.
A renal dietitian can help people learn about the amount and sources of protein in t... |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | Everyone should know about fat sources because eating the wrong kinds of fat and too much fat increases the risk of clogged blood vessels and heart problems. Fat provides energy, helps produce hormonelike substances that regulate blood pressure and other heart functions, and carries fat-soluble vitamins. Everyone needs... |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | Too much sodium in a person's diet can be harmful because it causes blood to hold fluid. People with CKD need to be careful not to let too much fluid build up in their bodies. The extra fluid raises blood pressure and puts a strain on the heart and kidneys. A dietitian can help people find ways to reduce the amount of ... |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | Keeping the proper level of potassium in the blood is essential. Potassium keeps the heart beating regularly and muscles working right. Problems can occur when blood potassium levels are either too low or too high. Damaged kidneys allow potassium to build up in the blood, causing serious heart problems. Potassium is fo... |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | Damaged kidneys allow phosphorus, a mineral found in many foods, to build up in the blood. Too much phosphorus in the blood pulls calcium from the bones, making the bones weak and likely to break. Too much phosphorus may also make skin itch. Foods such as milk and cheese, dried beans, peas, colas, canned iced teas and ... |
What to do for Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | - A person may prevent or delay some health problems from chronic kidney disease (CKD) by eating the right foods and avoiding foods high in sodium, potassium, and phosphorus. - The kidneys remove wastes and extra water from the blood and make urine. - Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is the use of counseling by a regi... |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | The NIDDK Nutrition for Chronic Kidney Disease Series includes three fact sheets:
- Nutrition for Early Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults - Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults - Nutrition for Chronic Kidney Disease in Children |
What is (are) Gas in the Digestive Tract ? | Gas is air in the digestive tractthe large, muscular tube that extends from the mouth to the anus, where the movement of muscles, along with the release of hormones and enzymes, allows for the digestion of food. Gas leaves the body when people burp through the mouth or pass gas through the anus.
Gas is... |
What causes Gas in the Digestive Tract ? | Gas in the digestive tract is usually caused by swallowing air and by the breakdown of certain foods in the large intestine by bacteria.
Everyone swallows a small amount of air when eating and drinking. The amount of air swallowed increases when people
- eat or drink too fast - smoke ... |
What causes Gas in the Digestive Tract ? | Most foods that contain carbohydrates can cause gas. In contrast, fats and proteins cause little gas. Foods that produce gas in one person may not cause gas in someone else, depending on how well individuals digest carbohydrates and the type of bacteria present in the intestines.
Some foods that may ca... |
What are the symptoms of Gas in the Digestive Tract ? | The most common symptoms of gas are burping, passing gas, bloating, and abdominal pain or discomfort. However, not everyone experiences these symptoms.
Burping. Burping, or belching, once in a while, especially during and after meals, is normal. However, people who burp frequently may be swallowing too... |
What causes Gas in the Digestive Tract ? | People can try to find the cause of gas on their own by keeping a diary of what they eat and drink and how often they burp, pass gas, or have other symptoms. A diary may help identify specific foods that cause gas.
A health care provider should be consulted if
- symptoms of gas are bot... |
What are the treatments for Gas in the Digestive Tract ? | Gas can be treated by reducing swallowed air, making dietary changes, or taking over-the-counter or prescription medications. People who think they have too much gas can try to treat gas on their own before seeing a health care provider. Health care providers can provide advice about reducing gas and prescribe medicati... |
What to do for Gas in the Digestive Tract ? | Peoples eating habits and diet affect the amount of gas they have. For example, eating and drinking too fast may increase the amount of air swallowed, and foods that contain carbohydrates may cause some people to have more gas.
Tracking eating habits and symptoms can help identify the foods that cause ... |
What to do for Gas in the Digestive Tract ? | - Gas is air in the digestive tract. - Everyone has gas. However, many people think they pass gas too often and that they have too much gas. Having too much gas is rare. - Gas in the digestive tract is usually caused by swallowing air and by the breakdown of certain foods in the large intestine by bacteria. - Most f... |
What is (are) Prevent diabetes problems: Keep your heart and blood vessels healthy ? | Too much glucose in the blood for a long time can cause diabetes problems. This high blood glucose, also called blood sugar, can damage many parts of the body, such as the heart, blood vessels, eyes, and kidneys. Heart and blood vessel disease can lead to heart attacks and strokes, the leading causes of death for peopl... |
How to prevent Prevent diabetes problems: Keep your heart and blood vessels healthy ? | You can do a lot to prevent heart disease and stroke.
- Keep your blood glucose under control. You can see if your blood glucose is under control by having an A1C test at least twice a year. The A1C test tells you your average blood glucose for the past 2 to 3 months. The target for most people with di... |
What are the symptoms of Prevent diabetes problems: Keep your heart and blood vessels healthy ? | You may have one or more of the following warning signs:
- chest pain or discomfort - pain or discomfort in your arms, back, jaw, or neck - indigestion or stomach pain - shortness of breath - sweating - nausea - light-headedness
Or, you may have no warning signs at all. Warning s... |
What causes Prevent diabetes problems: Keep your heart and blood vessels healthy ? | Narrowed blood vessels leave a smaller opening for blood to flow through. Having narrowed blood vessels is like turning on a garden hose and holding your thumb over the opening. The smaller opening makes the water shoot out with more pressure. In the same way, narrowed blood vessels lead to high blood pressure. Other f... |
What are the symptoms of Prevent diabetes problems: Keep your heart and blood vessels healthy ? | A stroke happens when part of your brain is not getting enough blood and stops working. Depending on the part of the brain that is damaged, a stroke can cause
- sudden weakness or numbness of your face, arm, or leg on one side of your body - sudden confusion, trouble talking, or trouble understanding ... |
How to prevent Prevent diabetes problems: Keep your heart and blood vessels healthy ? | - Don't smoke. - Keep blood glucose and blood pressure under control. - Keep blood fats close to normal. - Be physically active. - Ask your doctor if you should take aspirin every day.
You also may need surgery to treat PAD. |
What is (are) Urinary Incontinence in Children ? | Urinary incontinence is the loss of bladder control, which results in the accidental loss of urine. A child with UI may not stay dry during the day or night. Some UI is caused by a health problem such as
- a urinary tract infection (UTI) - diabetes, a condition where blood glucose, also called blood s... |
How many people are affected by Urinary Incontinence in Children ? | By 5 years of age, more than 90 percent of children can control urination during the day. Nighttime wetting is more common than daytime wetting in children, affecting 30 percent of 4-year-olds. The condition resolves itself in about 15 percent of children each year; about 10 percent of 7-year-olds, 3 percent of 12-year... |
What causes Urinary Incontinence in Children ? | The exact cause of most cases of nighttime UI is not known. Though a few cases are caused by structural problems in the urinary tract, most cases probably result from a mix of factors including slower physical development, an overproduction of urine at night, and the inability to recognize bladder filling when asleep. ... |
What causes Urinary Incontinence in Children ? | Daytime UI can be caused by a UTI or structural problems in the urinary tract. Daytime UI that is not associated with UTI or structural problems is less common and tends to disappear much earlier than nighttime UI. Overactive bladder and infrequent or incomplete voiding, or urination, are common causes of daytime UI.
... |
What are the treatments for Urinary Incontinence in Children ? | Most UI fades away naturally as a child grows and develops and does not require treatment. When treatment is needed, options include bladder training and related strategies, moisture alarms, and medications.
Growth and Development
As children mature
- bladder capacity ... |
What to do for Urinary Incontinence in Children ? | Eating, diet, and nutrition have not been shown to play a role in causing or preventing UI in children, though ensuring sufficient fluid intake throughout the day and avoiding caffeine intake may be helpful. |
What to do for Urinary Incontinence in Children ? | - Urinary incontinence (UI) is the loss of bladder control, which results in the accidental loss of urine. A child with UI may not stay dry during the day or night. Although UI affects many children, it usually disappears naturally over time. - By 5 years of age, more than 98 percent of children can control urination ... |
What is (are) What I need to know about Kidney Failure and How Its Treated ? | You have two kidneys. The kidneys are shaped like beans. Each kidney is about the size of a fist. They are located just below your ribcage, one on each side of your spine. Your kidneys filter your blood. Each kidney is made of 1 million little filters. During every minute of every day, these filters take out waste mate... |
What is (are) What I need to know about Kidney Failure and How Its Treated ? | Kidney failure means your kidneys no longer filter your blood well enough to keep you healthy. Failing kidneys do a poor job of removing wastes and extra fluid from your blood. Wastes and extra fluid begin to build up. The buildup of wastes can make you sick. You may have the following symptoms:
- ankl... |
What causes What I need to know about Kidney Failure and How Its Treated ? | Diabetes and high blood pressure are the most common causes of kidney failure. Other factors include heart and blood vessel disease and a family history of kidney failure. African Americans, Hispanics/Latinos, and American Indians are more likely to have kidney failure. |
What are the treatments for What I need to know about Kidney Failure and How Its Treated ? | The treatments for kidney failure are
- hemodialysis - peritoneal dialysis - a kidney transplant - conservative management |
What is (are) What I need to know about Kidney Failure and How Its Treated ? | Hemodialysis is a treatment for kidney failure that is done in a center several times per week. Some people learn to do hemodialysis in their homes. Hemodialysis uses a machine to filter your blood when your kidneys are too sick to filter any more. With hemodialysis, your blood is filtered outside of your body. Unfilte... |
What is (are) What I need to know about Kidney Failure and How Its Treated ? | Peritoneal dialysis uses the lining of your belly to filter your blood inside your body. You can do peritoneal dialysis at home because it uses your body to filter. A doctor will place a soft tube called a catheter in your belly a few weeks before you start treatment. The catheter stays in your belly permanently.
... |
What is (are) What I need to know about Kidney Failure and How Its Treated ? | A kidney transplant places a healthy kidney from another person into your body. The kidney may come from someone who has just died. Your doctor will place your name on a waiting list for a kidney. A family member or friend might be able to give you a kidney. Then you dont have to wait.
Once it is place... |
What are the treatments for What I need to know about Kidney Failure and How Its Treated ? | Conservative management means your doctors take care of you without dialysis or a transplant. The doctors may give you medicines that make you feel more comfortable. You can have conservative management in your home. You may want to go to a hospice, a special place where you receive nursing care. Some people choose con... |
What are the treatments for What I need to know about Kidney Failure and How Its Treated ? | If you have kidney failure, learn about the treatments and think about which one best fits you. Talk with people who are on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Ask what is good and bad about each treatment. If you make a choice and find you dont like it, talk with your doctor about trying something else. Ask your doct... |
What to do for What I need to know about Kidney Failure and How Its Treated ? | Eating healthy foods can help you keep up your energy and strength. All dialysis and transplant centers have a dietitian. The dietitian helps people with kidney failure learn about healthy food choices. You should talk with your centers dietitian to make a meal plan.
The best diet for you will depend o... |
What to do for What I need to know about Kidney Failure and How Its Treated ? | - Kidney failure means your kidneys no longer filter your blood well enough to keep you healthy. - The treatments for kidney failure are - hemodialysis - peritoneal dialysis - a kidney transplant - conservative management - Hemodialysis uses a machine to filter your blood when your kidneys are too sic... |
What is (are) What I need to know about Kidney Failure and How Its Treated ? | You and your doctor will work together to choose a treatment that's best for you. The publications of the NIDDK Kidney Failure Series can help you learn about the specific issues you will face.
Booklets
- What I need to know about Kidney Failure and How its Treated - Treatment Methods... |
What is (are) Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes ? | Type 2 diabetes, formerly called adult-onset diabetes, is the most common type of diabetes. About 95 percent of people with diabetes have type 2. People can develop type 2 diabetes at any age, even during childhood. However, this type of diabetes develops most often in middle-aged and older people. People who are overw... |
How to prevent Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes ? | Yes. The results of the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) proved that weight loss through moderate diet changes and physical activity can delay or prevent type 2 diabetes. The DPP was a federally funded study of 3,234 people at high risk for diabetes. This study showed that a 5-to 7-percent weight loss, which for a 200... |
What is (are) Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes ? | In addition to type 2, the other main types of diabetes are type 1 diabetes and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes, formerly called juvenile diabetes, is usually first diagnosed in children, teenagers, and young adults. In this type of diabetes, your pancreas can no ... |
What are the symptoms of Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes ? | The signs and symptoms of type 2 diabetes can be so mild that you might not even notice them. Nearly 7 million people in the United States have type 2 diabetes and dont know they have the disease. Many have no signs or symptoms. Some people have symptoms but do not suspect diabetes.
Symptoms include
... |
Who is at risk for Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes? ? | To find out your risk for type 2 diabetes, check each item that applies to you.
- I am age 45 or older. - I am overweight or obese. - I have a parent, brother, or sister with diabetes. - My family background is African American, Alaska Native, American Indian, Asian American, Hispanic/Latino, or Pac... |
Who is at risk for Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes? ? | You can do a lot to reduce your risk of getting type 2 diabetes. Being more physically active, reducing fat and calorie intake, and losing a little weight can help you lower your chances of developing type 2 diabetes. Taking the diabetes medicine metformin can also reduce risk, particularly in younger and heavier peopl... |
Who is at risk for Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes? ? | Making big changes in your life is hard, especially if you are faced with more than one change. You can make it easier by taking these steps:
- Make a plan to change behavior. - Decide exactly what you will do and give yourself a time frame. - Plan what you need to get ready. - Track your goals and ... |
What to do for Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes ? | Your eating, diet, and nutrition choices play an important role in preventing or delaying diabetes. Follow the suggestions below to reach and maintain a reasonable weight and make wise food choices most of the time. Remember that it can take time to change your habits and be patient with yourself. You can also get help... |
What is (are) Foodborne Illnesses ? | Foodborne illnesses are infections or irritations of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract caused by food or beverages that contain harmful bacteria, parasites, viruses, or chemicals. The GI tract is a series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anus. Common symptoms of foodborne illnesses i... |
What causes Foodborne Illnesses ? | The majority of foodborne illnesses are caused by harmful bacteria and viruses.2 Some parasites and chemicals also cause foodborne illnesses.
Bacteria
Bacteria are tiny organisms that can cause infections of the GI tract. Not all bacteria are harmful to humans.
Some ha... |
Who is at risk for Foodborne Illnesses? ? | Anyone can get a foodborne illness. However, some people are more likely to develop foodborne illnesses than others, including
- infants and children - pregnant women and their fetuses - older adults - people with weak immune systems
These groups also have a greater risk of developi... |
What are the symptoms of Foodborne Illnesses ? | Symptoms of foodborne illnesses depend on the cause. Common symptoms of many foodborne illnesses include
- vomiting - diarrhea or bloody diarrhea - abdominal pain - fever - chills
Symptoms can range from mild to serious and can last from a few hours to several days.
... |
What are the complications of Foodborne Illnesses ? | Foodborne illnesses may lead to dehydration, hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), and other complications. Acute foodborne illnesses may also lead to chronicor long lastinghealth problems.
Dehydration
When someone does not drink enough fluids to replace those that are lost through vomiting... |
How to diagnose Foodborne Illnesses ? | To diagnose foodborne illnesses, health care providers ask about symptoms, foods and beverages recently consumed, and medical history. Health care providers will also perform a physical examination to look for signs of illness.
Diagnostic tests for foodborne illnesses may include a stool culture, in wh... |
What are the treatments for Foodborne Illnesses ? | The only treatment needed for most foodborne illnesses is replacing lost fluids and electrolytes to prevent dehydration.
Over-the-counter medications such as loperamide (Imodium) and bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol and Kaopectate) may help stop diarrhea in adults. However, people with bloody diarrh... |
What to do for Foodborne Illnesses ? | The following steps may help relieve the symptoms of foodborne illnesses and prevent dehydration in adults:
- drinking plenty of liquids such as fruit juices, sports drinks, caffeine-free soft drinks, and broths to replace fluids and electrolytes - sipping small amounts of clear liquids or sucking on ... |
How to prevent Foodborne Illnesses ? | Foodborne illnesses can be prevented by properly storing, cooking, cleaning, and handling foods.
- Raw and cooked perishable foodsfoods that can spoilshould be refrigerated or frozen promptly. If perishable foods stand at room temperature for more than 2 hours, they may not be safe to eat. Refrigerator... |
What to do for Foodborne Illnesses ? | - Foodborne illnesses are infections or irritations of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract caused by food or beverages that contain harmful bacteria, parasites, viruses, or chemicals. - Anyone can get a foodborne illness. However, some people are more likely to develop foodborne illnesses than others, including infants an... |
What is (are) IgA Nephropathy ? | IgA nephropathy, also known as Bergers disease, is a kidney disease that occurs when IgA deposits build up in the kidneys, causing inflammation that damages kidney tissues. IgA is an antibodya protein made by the immune system to protect the body from foreign substances such as bacteria or viruses. Most people with IgA... |
What causes IgA Nephropathy ? | Scientists think that IgA nephropathy is an autoimmune kidney disease, meaning that the disease is due to the bodys immune system harming the kidneys.
People with IgA nephropathy have an increased blood level of IgA that contains less of a special sugar, galactose, than normal. This galactose-deficient... |
How many people are affected by IgA Nephropathy ? | IgA nephropathy is one of the most common kidney diseases, other than those caused by diabetes or high blood pressure.1
IgA nephropathy can occur at any age, although the first evidence of kidney disease most frequently appears when people are in their teens to late 30s.2 IgA nephropathy in the United ... |
What are the symptoms of IgA Nephropathy ? | In its early stages, IgA nephropathy may have no symptoms; it can be silent for years or even decades. Once symptoms appear, the most common one is hematuria, or blood in the urine. Hematuria can be a sign of damaged glomeruli. Blood in the urine may appear during or soon after a cold, sore throat, or other respiratory... |
What are the complications of IgA Nephropathy ? | Complications of IgA nephropathy include
- high blood pressure - acute kidney failuresudden and temporary loss of kidney function - chronic kidney failurereduced kidney function over a period of time - nephrotic syndromea collection of symptoms that indicate kidney damage; symptoms include albuminur... |
How to diagnose IgA Nephropathy ? | A health care provider diagnoses kidney disease with
- a medical and family history - a physical exam - urine tests - a blood test
Medical and Family History
Taking a medical and family history may help a health care provider diagnose kidney disease.
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