original_problem stringlengths 162 931 | original_solution stringclasses 6
values | augmented_problem stringlengths 281 1.35k | augmented_solution stringclasses 68
values | distractor_metadata dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Statement: You are given a claim and a perspective. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. If the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, it is supporting; otherwise, it is undermining. Claim: Pensions should be privatised. Perspective: Private Enterprise demonstr... | support | Statement: You are given a claim and a perspective. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. If the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, it is supporting; otherwise, it is undermining. Claim: Pensions should be privatised. Perspective: Private Enterprise demonstr... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic sub-problem is fused into the main natural language inference task, requiring the solver to separate the tasks and not let the unrelated arithmetic affect the claim/perspective judgment.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
... |
Statement: Claim: Pensions should be privatised.
Perspective: Private Business is more inclined towards future planning and sustainability.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim?
(A) The perspective supports the claim
(B) The perspective undermines the claim
(C) The perspective both supports and... | A | Statement: Claim: Pensions should be privatised.
Perspective: Private Business is more inclined towards future planning and sustainability.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim?
(A) The perspective supports the claim
(B) The perspective undermines the claim
(C) The perspective both supports and... | Main question answer: A
Independent sub-problem answer: B
Explanation: The perspective that private businesses plan for the future and value sustainability supports the claim that pensions should be privatised because it attributes to private business an orientation (future planning/sustainability) that would align wit... | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (classification of a sentence as causal/correlational/normative) was fused into the original question, forcing the solver to separate and answer two distinct tasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated... |
Statement: Determine whether the following perspective supports or undermines the claim. If the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, it is supporting; otherwise it is undermining. Claim: Pensions should be privatised. Perspective: State involvement in pensions is deleterious to both pensio... | support | Statement: Determine whether the following perspective supports or undermines the claim. If the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, it is supporting; otherwise it is undermining. Claim: Pensions should be privatised. Perspective: State involvement in pensions is deleterious to both pensio... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, separate sub-problem (about payroll tax effect on solvency) is fused into the same prompt so the solver must separate the two tasks and avoid conflating them when answering the main classification.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
... |
Statement: Claim: Pensions should be privatised. Perspective: Government is fundamentally unsuited to running pension schemes. Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose one: (A) The perspective supports the claim (B) The perspective undermines the claim (C) The perspective both supports and ... | A | Statement: Claim: Pensions should be privatised. Perspective: Government is fundamentally unsuited to running pension schemes. Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose one: (A) The perspective supports the claim (B) The perspective undermines the claim (C) The perspective both supports and ... | Original problem answer: A
Explanation: The perspective asserts that government is fundamentally unsuited to running pension schemes, which directly supports the claim that pensions should be privatised.
Independent mini-problem answer: B
Explanation: The perspective points out a negative consequence of higher taxes (... | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, similarly formatted sub-problem about taxes is appended so the solver must separate and answer two distinct evaluation tasks rather than only the original one.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_incr... |
Problem: Statement: Claim: Pensions should be privatised.
Perspective: Historical evidence has shown that privatisation has been unsuccessful.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose one option (A) through (J):
(A) supports
(B) undermines
(C) neutral
(D) contradictory
(E) partially support... | B | Problem: Statement: Claim: Pensions should be privatised.
Perspective: Historical evidence has shown that privatisation has been unsuccessful.
(Separate subtask — independent of the main choice: indicate whether the sentence 'Historical evidence has shown that privatisation has been unsuccessful.' functions primarily a... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, small judgment task was fused into the main problem so the solver must separate two sub-problems (the original inference task and a distinct classification of the perspective sentence) and avoid using the second task to change the main answer.",... |
Statement: Decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications. Perspective: Monitoring raises digital awareness among parents. Choose one: (A) Supports the claim (B) Undermines the claim | A | Statement: Decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications. Perspective: Monitoring raises digital awareness among parents. Choose one: (A) Supports the claim (B) Undermines the claim. Additionally, as a sepa... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Fused an independent arithmetic subproblem into the original classification task so the solver must separate the two tasks and not let the unrelated calculation affect the claim-perspective judgment.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"e... |
Problem: Statement: Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications. Perspective: Monitoring children's use of electronics raises digital awareness. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Choose one option. | A | Problem: Statement: Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications. Perspective: Monitoring children's use of electronics raises digital awareness. As a separate task, indicate whether this perspective is an empirical claim (about observed effects) or a normative claim (a... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent classification sub-task (empirical vs. normative) was fused into the original judgment task, requiring the solver to separate and answer two distinct cognitive tasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficult... |
Statement: Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications. Perspective: Children's internet use should be monitored. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Answer with exactly one of the words: support or undermine | support | Statement: Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications. Perspective: Children's internet use should be monitored. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. (As a separate, independent example for comparison — do not conflate with the main judg... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Fused an independent, related sub-problem (an example about employer monitoring) into the main prompt so the solver must separate the two lines of reasoning and avoid conflating them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficu... |
Statement: You are given a claim and a perspective. Decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications. Perspective: Monitoring decreases children’s involvement with pornography. Choose the best answer: (A) The ... | A | Statement: You are given a claim and a perspective. Decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications. Perspective: Monitoring decreases children’s involvement with pornography. Also, as a separate and unrelate... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent secondary annotation task (truth assessment of an unrelated sentence) was fused into the original pair, requiring the solver to separate and solve two tasks independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_diff... |
Statement: Given the claim: "Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications." and the perspective: "Parents can determine which websites children visit.", decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. | support | Statement: Given the claim: "Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications." and the perspective: "Parents can determine which websites children visit.", decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Separately, evaluate the following independent pair (this i... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent second classification sub-problem (claim B and perspective B) was fused into the original problem so the solver must separate and solve two tasks independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_incr... |
Statement: Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications. Perspective: It should be acceptable for parents to prevent children from visiting pornographic websites. Question: Does the perspective support, undermine, or neither the claim? Choose one option from (A) through... | A | Statement: Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications. Perspective: It should be acceptable for parents to prevent children from visiting pornographic websites. Separately, consider an independent perspective: 'Employers should be allowed to monitor employees' private... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, structurally similar sub-problem about employer monitoring is fused into the prompt so the solver must identify and separate the two classification tasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase"... |
Statement: Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications.
Perspective: Monitoring prevents cyberbullying.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? | support | Statement: Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications.
Perspective: Monitoring prevents cyberbullying.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim?
Additionally, consider this separate logical subproblem: if P implies Q and Q implies R, does it neces... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent logical subproblem (a chain of implications) was fused into the original question, forcing the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid conflating their reasoning.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty... |
Problem: Statement: Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications.
Perspective: Cyberbullying may be reduced by parents' monitoring children's online communications.
Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Answer must be either support or unde... | support | Problem: Statement: Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications.
Perspective: Cyberbullying may be reduced by parents' monitoring children's online communications. Separately, consider whether mandating such parental monitoring would raise legal privacy concerns for te... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (legal/privacy implications of mandated monitoring) is fused into the original question, requiring the solver to separate the moral/causal support relation from a distinct legal evaluation.",
"name": "Compositional understanding... |
Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications. Perspective: Monitoring allows parents to correct children who are wasting their time.
Solution: support | support | Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications. Perspective: Monitoring allows parents to correct children who are wasting their time. As a separate task, classify the type of justification the... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (classify the justification type) is fused into the original task, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and answer them independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase... |
Statement: Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications.
Perspective: Parents can monitor whether children are use time online effectively.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose one:
(A) supports
(B) undermines | A | Statement: Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications.
Perspective: Parents can monitor whether children are use time online effectively.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose one:
(A) supports
(B) undermines
Separately (independent su... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (a grammar judgement) was fused into the original inference task, forcing the solver to separate the unrelated grammatical check from the main support/undermine reasoning.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"es... |
Statement: Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications.
Perspective: Parents can make sure children aren't wasting their time online.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose the best option and respond with the letter.
Options:
(A) Support... | A | Statement: Claim: Parents have to be allowed to monitor their children's online and mobile communications.
Perspective: Parents can make sure children aren't wasting their time online.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose the best option and respond with the letter.
Options:
(A) Support... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic sub-problem (7 + 5) is fused into the argumentative judgment task, requiring the solver to separate the two sub-tasks and avoid letting the arithmetic distractor influence the main decision.",
"name": "Compositional understanding... |
Problem: Statement: Claim: The national curriculum should be scrapped.
Perspective: The National Curriculum sets standards for the Teaching Learning Programme.
Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose one option:
(A) supports
(B) undermines | B | Problem: Statement: Claim: The national curriculum should be scrapped.
Perspective: The National Curriculum sets standards for the Teaching Learning Programme. As a separate, independent sub-task, indicate whether the perspective is merely descriptive of the curriculum's function or is expressing a value judgment about... | B — undermines. The perspective says the National Curriculum 'sets standards for the Teaching Learning Programme', which presents the curriculum as providing useful standards; that undercuts the claim that it should be scrapped. (Secondary sub-answer: X — descriptive.) | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-question is fused into the original problem asking the solver to separately classify the perspective as descriptive vs. value judgment. The solver must separate the two tasks and not let the secondary classification affect the main A/B judgme... |
Statement: Claim: The national curriculum should be scrapped.
Perspective: The National Curriculum does not provide personalised learning since it is an instrument of mass instruction.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim?
Options:
(A) Supports
(B) Undermines | A | Statement: Claim: The national curriculum should be scrapped.
Perspective: The National Curriculum does not provide personalised learning since it is an instrument of mass instruction.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim?
Options:
(A) Supports
(B) Undermines
As an additional, separate task th... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (classify the perspective as empirical vs. normative) is fused into the original item, requiring the solver to separate the tasks and not let the auxiliary classification alter the main judgement.",
"name": "Compositional unders... |
Statement: You are given a claim and a perspective. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Respond with a single word: support or undermine. Claim: The national curriculum should be scrapped. Perspective: The National Curriculum is the product of a factory system designed for a world that n... | support | Statement: You are given a claim and a perspective. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Respond with a single word: support or undermine. Claim: The national curriculum should be scrapped. Perspective: The National Curriculum is the product of a factory system designed for a world that n... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (figurativeness classification) is fused into the original task, forcing the solver to separate and solve two different analyses but still produce only the original single-word output.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
... |
Statement: Claim: The national curriculum should be scrapped. Perspective: The national curriculum is capable of substantial improvement. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. | undermine | Statement: Claim: The national curriculum should be scrapped. Perspective: The national curriculum is capable of substantial improvement. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Additionally, in a separate question that should be evaluated independently, consider this related but distinct cl... | undermine | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (a second claim about revising the curriculum) is fused into the original task so the solver must separate the two evaluations and avoid conflating answers.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficu... |
Problem: Statement: Claim: The national curriculum should be scrapped.
Perspective: The National Curriculum has stifled creativity (the generation of ideas) and innovation (the addition of value).
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose the best option:
(A) supports the claim
(B) undermine... | A | Problem: Statement: Claim: The national curriculum should be scrapped.
Perspective: The National Curriculum has stifled creativity (the generation of ideas) and innovation (the addition of value).
Question 1 (main): Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose the best option:
(A) supports the claim
(B) ... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (about standardized testing and measurable outcomes) is fused into the original task, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid letting the independent question influence the main judgment.",
"name": "Compositiona... |
Problem: Statement: Given the following, decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim.
Claim: The national curriculum should be scrapped.
Perspective: The National Curriculum provides reference points of achievement for parents and government.
Choose one option:
(A) Supports the claim
(B) Undermine... | B | Problem: Statement: Given the following, decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim.
Claim: The national curriculum should be scrapped.
Perspective: The National Curriculum provides reference points of achievement for parents and government. Additionally, as a separate task, indicate whether the s... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (classify the sentence as descriptive or prescriptive) was fused into the main task, forcing the solver to separate and solve two tasks independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_in... |
Statement: Claim: "You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong." Perspective: "No one will ever actually look at the information." Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Choose one option: (A) support (B) undermine (C) both support and undermine (D) neither s... | A | Statement: Claim: "You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong." Perspective: "No one will ever actually look at the information." Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Choose one option: (A) support (B) undermine (C) both support and undermine (D) neither s... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent logical-validity sub-problem (a syllogism validity check) was fused into the original inference task so the solver must separate and solve both independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increa... |
Statement: Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong. Perspective: Lack of trust. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. | undermine | Statement: Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong. Perspective: Lack of trust. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Additionally, as a separate sub-question (answer independently), classify the following unrelated sentence as either an 'appeal t... | undermine | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Fused an independent sub-problem (fallacy classification) into the original judgment task so the solver must separate and solve two tasks independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "moderate — the ... |
Statement: Claim: "You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong." Perspective: "There is no trust". Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Choose the best answer from the options below. (A) supports (B) undermines | B | Statement: Claim: "You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong." Perspective: "There is no trust". Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Choose the best answer from the options below. (A) supports (B) undermines. Additionally, as a separate and unrelated sub... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic sub-problem (deciding whether 14 is divisible by 5) is fused into the main argumentative judgment task, requiring the solver to separate and solve two distinct problems.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estim... |
Statement: Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong.
Perspective: Trust is missing.
Rule: If the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, classify it as support; otherwise classify it as undermine.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine th... | undermine | Statement: Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong.
Perspective: Trust is missing.
Rule: If the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, classify it as support; otherwise classify it as undermine.
Separate reasoning exercise (independent of the main ... | undermine | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent logical sub-problem (valid/invalid inference check) is fused into the prompt so the solver must separate the unrelated exercise from the main classification task.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_in... |
Statement: Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong.
Perspective: There are safeguards to prevent misuse.
Decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Use this rule: if the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, it is supporting; ... | support | Statement: Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong.
Perspective: There are safeguards to prevent misuse. Additionally, as an independent sub-problem (unrelated to the main judgment), decide whether the arithmetic statement '12 is divisible by 3' is true or false — treat it sep... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic sub-problem is fused into the prompt so the solver must separate two tasks (main judgment vs. unrelated true/false check) and avoid letting the added task influence the main single-word decision.",
"name": "Compositional understa... |
Problem: Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong. Perspective: The use of meta data causes unintentional harm. Use the rule: If the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view,... | undermine | Problem: Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong. Perspective: The use of meta data causes unintentional harm. Separately, as an independent sub-task, classify the truth of the statement "All metada... | undermine | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, separate classification question is fused into the original judgment task, forcing the solver to separate and solve two distinct sub-problems (perspective support/undermine and a truth classification) rather than treating the prompt as a single ... |
Statement: Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong.
Perspective: Abuse of information and power by intelligence agencies.
Question: Does this perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose the best option. | B | Statement: Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong.
Perspective: Abuse of information and power by intelligence agencies.
Question: Does this perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose the best option.
Separate sub-problem (independent): Statement: Claim: Mass data co... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent second sub-problem is fused into the original prompt so the solver must separate and solve two unrelated evaluation tasks rather than treating the input as a single claim-perspective pair.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
... |
Statement: Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong. Perspective: Agencies use surveillance to abuse their power. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Answer with a single word: support or undermine | undermine | Statement: Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong. Perspective: Agencies use surveillance to abuse their power. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Answer with a single word: support or undermine. (As a separate, unrelated sub-task, also comput... | undermine | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent short arithmetic sub-problem (modulo calculation) is appended to the main natural language inference task, requiring the solver to separate and solve two tasks independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_d... |
Statement: Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong.
Perspective: Loss of Privacy
Task: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Choose one option below.
(A) Supports
(B) Undermines
(C) Both supports and undermines
(D) Neither supports nor undermines
... | B | Statement: Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong.
Perspective: Loss of Privacy
Task: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Choose one option below.
(A) Supports
(B) Undermines
(C) Both supports and undermines
(D) Neither supports nor undermines
... | Main task: B (Undermines).
Separate subtask: (1) Empirical claim. | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, plausible subtask is fused into the original problem so the solver must separate and answer two different questions (the original perspective classification and an independent empirical/normative classification).",
"name": "Compositional u... |
Statement: Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong.
Perspective: People will lose their privacy.
Decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. "Supports" means the perspective could possibly convince someone who disagrees with the claim; "Undermines" means i... | B | Statement: Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong.
Perspective: People will lose their privacy.
Decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. "Supports" means the perspective could possibly convince someone who disagrees with the claim; "Undermines" means i... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, unrelated logical inference task is fused into the main question, requiring the solver to separate the two problems and not let the secondary task influence the judgment about the original perspective vs. claim.",
"name": "Compositional un... |
Statement: Given the claim: "You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong." And the perspective: "Privacy will go away." Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Choose one option: (A) supports (B) undermines | B | Statement: Given the claim: "You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong." And the perspective: "Privacy will go away." Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Choose one option: (A) supports (B) undermines. Separately, as an unrelated logic check, determine w... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent logical sub-question is fused into the main prompt, requiring the solver to separate the privacy reasoning task from the unrelated logic-check task.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Mode... |
Statement: You are given a claim and a perspective. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Rule: If the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, classify it as supporting; otherwise classify it as undermining. Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if ... | support | Statement: You are given a claim and a perspective. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Rule: If the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, classify it as supporting; otherwise classify it as undermining. Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if ... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic sub-problem (divisibility check) was fused into the main classification task, forcing the solver to separate and solve two distinct problems.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "... |
Problem: Statement: Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong. Perspective: information gathered can be used to fight terrorism. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. If the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, classify... | support | Problem: Statement: Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong. Perspective: information gathered can be used to fight terrorism. Separately, as an independent sub-problem, classify the perspective as either an empirical claim or a normative claim. Determine whether the perspecti... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "A separate, independent sub-problem (classify the perspective as empirical or normative) is fused into the original classification task, forcing the solver to separate and solve two tasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_di... |
Statement: Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong.
Perspective: information gathered can be used to fight against radical terrorists.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Answer must be either support or undermine. | support | Statement: Claim: You have nothing to worry about surveillance if you have done nothing wrong.
Perspective: information gathered can be used to fight against radical terrorists. Also, as a separate sub-problem, indicate whether the perspective relies on consequentialist reasoning (i.e., it justifies surveillance becaus... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (classify whether the perspective relies on consequentialist reasoning) is fused into the original task, requiring the solver to separate the two judgments and avoid conflating them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}... |
Statement: Claim: Institute a mandatory retirement age.
Perspective: Western workers are remaining healthier for longer.
Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Use this rule: if the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, it is supporting; otherwise it is undermin... | B | Statement: Claim: Institute a mandatory retirement age.
Perspective: Western workers are remaining healthier for longer.
Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Use this rule: if the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, it is supporting; otherwise it is undermin... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent logical sub-problem was fused into the main policy-argument question, requiring the solver to separate and answer two distinct tasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate — the adde... |
Statement: Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed. Perspective: Police body cameras invade the privacy of citizens, expose victims and witnesses of crimes, and damage police-public relationships. Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Options: (A) supports (B) undermines | B | Statement: Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed. Perspective: Police body cameras invade the privacy of citizens, expose victims and witnesses of crimes, and damage police-public relationships. Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Options: (A) supports (B) undermines
Separate, unrelat... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sentiment-classification subtask is fused into the original inference task, forcing the solver to separate and solve two different problems (stance judgment vs. sentiment classification).",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
... |
Statement: Decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed. Perspective: What risks are there to individuals if police wear body cameras. Options: (A) supports (B) undermines | B | Statement: Decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed. Perspective: What risks are there to individuals if police wear body cameras. Options: (A) supports (B) undermines. Additionally, answer this separate question: Is the sentence "Cameras were worn by... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "A separate, independent subtask (identifying active vs. passive voice) was fused into the original judgement task so the solver must separate the two problems and avoid letting the secondary task affect the main decision.",
"name": "Compositional understa... |
Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed. Perspective: Explanation of police body camera effects. Rule: If the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, classify as support; otherwise classify as undermine. Provi... | undermine | Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed. Perspective: Explanation of police body camera effects. Separate task (independent): If a body camera records at 1.5 GB per hour, how many gigabytes will be recorded during a 7.5-hour shift? Rule... | undermine | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent numeric calculation sub-problem about storage requirements (GB per hour × hours) was fused into the original classification task, forcing the solver to separate and solve two tasks independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
... |
Statement: Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed. Perspective: Police body cameras improve police accountability and protect officers from false accusations of misconduct. Based on the perspective, does it support or undermine the claim? | support | Statement: Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed. Perspective: Police body cameras improve police accountability and protect officers from false accusations of misconduct. Separately, does this perspective imply that body cameras intrude on civilian privacy? Based on the perspective, does it support or undermine... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-question about privacy is fused into the original prompt so the solver must separate and answer two related-but-distinct judgments (privacy implication vs. support for the claim).",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"es... |
Problem: Statement: Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed.
Perspective: Police Body Cameras allow true facts to come out in alleged cases of Police misconduct.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim?
Options:
(A) Supports the claim
(B) Undermines the claim
(C) Both supports and undermines ... | A | Problem: Statement: Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed.
Perspective: Police Body Cameras allow true facts to come out in alleged cases of Police misconduct. As a separate sub-task, independently note whether this perspective addresses potential officer privacy concerns when cameras record sensitive or private... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-question about officer privacy was fused into the original problem, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks (classifying support vs. evaluating privacy coverage).",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_di... |
Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed. Perspective: Police officers are more accountable when wearing body cameras. Answer with either support or undermine | support | Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed. Perspective: Police officers are more accountable when wearing body cameras. (Separately, as an independent subtask, classify the sentence "Officers report feeling less stressed on shifts with ca... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent classification subtask was fused into the main problem, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid conflating them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate — increases ch... |
Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed. Perspective: Police body cameras are too expensive and are unreliable. Answer with either support or undermine. | undermine | Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed. Perspective: Police body cameras are too expensive and are unreliable. Answer with either support or undermine. Separately, if a police department has 100 officers and each body camera costs $400... | undermine; 50 officers | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Appended an independent arithmetic sub-problem (budget / cost) that must be solved separately from the main support/undermine classification task, forcing the solver to separate and answer two distinct problems.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
... |
Statement: Determine whether the following perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed. Perspective: Police body cameras increase the safety of the public and the police. | support | Statement: Determine whether the following perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed. Perspective: Police body cameras increase the safety of the public and the police. In a related administrative note, a city council committee voted 6 to 3 in favor of permitting body ca... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Fused an independent arithmetic sub-problem (compute percent from a 6-to-3 vote) with the original classification task, requiring the solver to separate and solve two distinct problems.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_diffi... |
Problem: Statement: Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed. Perspective: Police Body Cameras ensure safer interactions between the Police and the public. Decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Options: (A) supports (B) undermines | A | Problem: Statement: Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed. Perspective: Police Body Cameras ensure safer interactions between the Police and the public. Separately, determine whether the sentence 'Transparency builds trust' is best classified as an opinion or a factual claim. Decide whether the perspective suppo... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent binary classification sub-problem (opinion vs. fact) is fused into the original task, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid cross-contamination.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_i... |
Problem: Statement: Given the claim: 'Police body cameras should be allowed.' and the perspective: 'Police body cameras decrease the safety of police officers and negatively affect their physical and mental health.' Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. | undermine | Problem: Statement: Given the claim: 'Police body cameras should be allowed.' and the perspective: 'Police body cameras decrease the safety of police officers and negatively affect their physical and mental health.' Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Also consider the separate claim 'Bo... | undermine | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Fused an independent sub-problem (a second claim and perspective about complaint rates) into the original prompt so the solver must separate and answer two related-but-independent judgments.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_... |
Statement: Given the claim: 'Police body cameras should be allowed.' and the perspective: 'What are the negative effects of police body cameras.' Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Answer with exactly one word: support or undermine | undermine | Statement: Given the claim: 'Police body cameras should be allowed.' and the perspective: 'What are the negative effects of police body cameras.' Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. As a separate, independent subtask (which should not affect your main judgment), evaluate the separate per... | undermine | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (a second perspective to evaluate) is fused into the main problem, requiring the solver to separate and solve them independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate — ... |
Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed. Perspective: Police body cameras are a good tool for learning and have strong support from members of the public. | support | Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed. Perspective: Police body cameras are a good tool for learning and have strong support from members of the public. As a separate task, classify whether the perspective's justification is primarily... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (a second, separate classification about the perspective's primary appeal) is fused into the main task so the solver must separate the two tasks and not let the secondary classification affect the primary support/undermine judgment.",... |
Statement: Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed.
Perspective: Will police body cameras teach police anything?
Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. If the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, label it support; otherwise label it undermine. Answer with ... | support | Statement: Claim: Police body cameras should be allowed.
Perspective: Will police body cameras teach police anything?
As a separate, independent subtask, indicate whether the question 'Will police body cameras teach police anything?' is primarily asking about empirical outcomes or about moral/ethical considerations; la... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Fused an independent classification subtask (identify whether the perspective is outcome-focused or ethics-focused) into the main problem so the solver must separate and solve two tasks independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"... |
Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: Violent video games desensitise users. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Respond with a single word: support or undermine | support | Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: Violent video games desensitise users. As a separate, independent subtask (do not let this affect the main judgement), determine whether the statement 'All squares are rectangles' is true or false. This subtask is unrelated to the main evaluation. D... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent logical judgement ('All squares are rectangles') was fused into the original classification task, requiring the solver to separate two unrelated subproblems and avoid letting the secondary task influence the primary classification.",
"name"... |
Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: Violent games normalizes forms of violence. Decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Answer must be exactly one of: support or undermine. | support | Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: Violent games normalizes forms of violence. Decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Answer must be exactly one of: support or undermine.
(Independent subtask) Separately consider this related but independent classification:... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, similar-style classification task is fused into the original prompt so the solver must separate the two tasks and avoid cross-contamination of judgments.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase":... |
Problem: Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: Restrictions would be ineffective.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose one option:
(A) Support
(B) Undermine
(C) Both
(D) Neither
(E) Unknown
(F) Irrelevant
(G) Ambiguous
(H) Conditional
(I) Mixed
(J) Other... | B | Problem: Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: Restrictions would be ineffective.
Separate task (independent of the main question): Indicate whether the perspective's reasoning is primarily empirical (making claims about effectiveness backed by evidence or outcomes) or normative (appea... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent classification sub-task (classify the perspective as empirical vs normative) was fused into the original problem, so the solver must separate two tasks and avoid letting the secondary task change the answer to the main question.",
"name": "... |
Problem: Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: Restricting video games only makes people more interested in them. Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose one: (A) supports (B) undermines
Solution: B | B | Problem: Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: Restricting video games only makes people more interested in them. Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose one: (A) supports (B) undermines
Additionally, consider this independent sub-problem and keep it in mind while a... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent but structurally similar sub-problem (about banning sugary snacks in schools) is fused with the original question, requiring the solver to separate the two judgments and avoid cross-contamination of reasoning.",
"name": "Compositional under... |
Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: Restricting violent video games will have no correlation to a reduction in societal crime. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Choose the best option.
(A) supports
(B) undermines | B | Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: Restricting violent video games will have no correlation to a reduction in societal crime. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Choose the best option.
(A) supports
(B) undermines
As a separate subtask (do not let it ... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent classification subtask (empirical vs. normative) is fused into the original judgment task, requiring the solver to separate the two decisions and avoid letting the secondary classification affect the primary entailment judgment.",
"name": "... |
Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: Playing violent video games leads to violent behaviors. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. | support | Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: Playing violent video games leads to violent behaviors. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim.
Separately, consider an independent case: Statement: Claim: Schools should ban sugary snacks. Perspective: Serving sugary s... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent claim-perspective pair is fused into the problem so the solver must separate the two subproblems and reason about them independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "moderate — mid-tier... |
Statement: You are given a claim and a perspective. Decide which option best describes the relationship between the perspective and the claim. Definition: If the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, it is supporting; otherwise it is undermining. Claim: We should restrict violent video game... | A | Statement: You are given a claim and a perspective. Decide which option best describes the relationship between the perspective and the claim. Definition: If the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, it is supporting; otherwise it is undermining. Claim: We should restrict violent video game... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Fused an independent subtask (classify a separate sentence as fact or opinion) into the main problem so the solver must separate and solve two problems independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "M... |
Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: violent games make people agressive. Decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Use the rule: if the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, it is supporting; otherwise it is undermining. Answer with ... | support | Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: violent games make people agressive. Also consider an unrelated example: Claim: We should limit sugary drink sales in schools. Perspective: sugary drinks contribute to childhood obesity. Decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the clai... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (a separate claim and perspective about sugary drinks in schools) was fused into the original prompt so the solver must separate the two tasks and focus on the original claim.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
... |
Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: Research has shown violent video games encourage criminal and anti-social behaviour.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose the single best option and respond with its letter.
Options:
(A) Supports the claim
(B) Underm... | A | Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: Research has shown violent video games encourage criminal and anti-social behaviour.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose the single best option and respond with its letter.
Options:
(A) Supports the claim
(B) Underm... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (classifying the statement as causal vs correlational) is fused into the main multiple-choice judgment task, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid conflating them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}... |
Problem: Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: Violent Video Games cause Violent Behaviour.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose one option (A) through (J):
(A) supports the claim
(B) undermines the claim
(C) both supports and undermines the claim
(D) ne... | A | Problem: Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: Violent Video Games cause Violent Behaviour.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose one option (A) through (J):
(A) supports the claim
(B) undermines the claim
(C) both supports and undermines the claim
(D) ne... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent syllogism-evaluation subtask is fused into the main problem so the solver must separate the two tasks and avoid letting the unrelated subtask influence the main judgment.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_diffi... |
Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: The government has a right to restrict the sale of violent video games, in order to protect law and order.
Task: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Respond with exactly one word: support or undermine | support | Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: The government has a right to restrict the sale of violent video games, in order to protect law and order.
Separately, as an independent subtask, indicate whether the statement "Restricting sales reduces youth violence" is primarily a factual claim ... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, plausibly related subtask (classify a statement as factual vs value) was fused into the prompt so the solver must separate and solve two problems independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_inc... |
Problem: Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: In order to maintain a well-functioning society, the government has a right to restrict violent games which could hurt people.
Task: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Answer with a single word: support or u... | support | Problem: Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: In order to maintain a well-functioning society, the government has a right to restrict violent games which could hurt people. As a separate sub-problem (independent from the main task), briefly classify whether this justification primarily... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent classification sub-problem (consequences vs rights) was fused into the original judgment task, requiring the solver to separate and answer two distinct questions.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_in... |
Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: Video games are content that has a right to be censored for the mass majority's public safety.
Task: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. If the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, it is ... | support | Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: Video games are content that has a right to be censored for the mass majority's public safety.
Additional (independent) sub-task: Determine whether the unrelated assertion "Every even prime number is 2." is true or false—treat this as a separate jud... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, unrelated sub-problem (a simple factual judgment about primes) is fused into the prompt so the solver must separate and solve two tasks independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "m... |
Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: The Responsibility Lies With Parents.
Question: Does this perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose one option.
(A) supports
(B) undermines | B | Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: The Responsibility Lies With Parents.
Question: Does this perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose one option.
(A) supports
(B) undermines
Separate, unrelated verification task (do not confuse with the main question):
Consider the syllogi... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent logical-validity sub-problem (a syllogism) is fused into the main problem, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid conflating their reasoning.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_incre... |
Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: Violent Video Games Cause Social Interaction Problems. Answer either support or undermine | support | Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: Violent Video Games Cause Social Interaction Problems. Answer either support or undermine. Additionally, as a separate and unrelated subtask, determine whether the year 2024 is a le... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (a leap-year check) was fused into the original classification task so the solver must separate the two tasks and avoid conflating them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Mode... |
Statement: You are given a claim and a perspective. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim.
Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: Violent video games lead to inappropriate social interactions.
Answer with either support or undermine. | support | Statement: You are given a claim and a perspective. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim.
Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: Violent video games lead to inappropriate social interactions. Separately, a study found that players of puzzle video games showed improved ... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (an unrelated study about puzzle games improving cognition) is fused into the perspective, forcing the solver to separate the unrelated claim from the original perspective before judging support.",
"name": "Compositional underst... |
Statement: You are given a claim and a perspective. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: Violent video games are detrimental to social interaction. Answer with exactly one of the words: support or undermine | support | Statement: You are given a claim and a perspective. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: Violent video games are detrimental to social interaction. Answer with exactly one of the words: support or undermine.
As a separate, indep... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent classification subtask is fused into the problem, forcing the solver to separate and handle two different tasks (claim-perspective support/undermine and fact/opinion classification) independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
... |
Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: Gun violence is less prevalent in countries with high video game use.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose the best option:
(A) The perspective supports the claim
(B) The perspective undermines the claim
(C) The pers... | B | Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: Gun violence is less prevalent in countries with high video game use.
(Independent subtask — separate from the main question) Additionally, briefly indicate whether the perspective is asserting a causal relationship (that video game use causes lowe... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-question about whether the perspective asserts causation or correlation is fused into the main problem, requiring the solver to separate and answer two distinct tasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_diff... |
Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: Countries with high video game use see less gun violence.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose one option from the list below (A–J).
(A) Supports
(B) Undermines
(C) Strongly supports
(D) Strongly undermines
(E) Neith... | B | Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: Countries with high video game use see less gun violence.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose one option from the list below (A–J).
(A) Supports
(B) Undermines
(C) Strongly supports
(D) Strongly undermines
(E) Neith... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent numerical rate-comparison sub-question was fused into the main inference question, requiring the solver to separate and solve two tasks independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Mo... |
Problem: Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: Studies have shown that violent video games can have a positive effect on kindness, civic engagement, and prosocial behaviors.
Task: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Use this rule: If the perspective could... | undermine | Problem: Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: Studies have shown that violent video games can have a positive effect on kindness, civic engagement, and prosocial behaviors.
Task: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Use this rule: If the perspective could... | undermine | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent counting subtask was fused into the main judgment task, requiring the solver to separate and solve two tasks independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "moderate — increases difficul... |
Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: Violent video games have been shown to have positive effect on kindness and cooperative behavior.
Solution: undermine | undermine | Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: Violent video games have been shown to have positive effect on kindness and cooperative behavior. Additionally, in a separate independent task, determine whether the arithmetic stat... | undermine | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic sub-problem was fused into the main claim/perspective evaluation, requiring the solver to separate and solve two tasks independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "moderate... |
Statement: Given the claim: "We should restrict violent video games." And the perspective: "Violent video game players know the difference between virtual violence in the context of a game and appropriate behavior in the real world." Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Respond with a sin... | undermine | Statement: Given the claim: "We should restrict violent video games." And the perspective: "Violent video game players know the difference between virtual violence in the context of a game and appropriate behavior in the real world." Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Respond with a sin... | undermine | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Fused an independent sub-problem (classify the perspective as descriptive vs. normative) into the main problem so the solver must separate two tasks and avoid conflating them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_incr... |
Statement: Given the following claim and perspective, decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: There are many flaws to the theory that violent video games cause real life violence. | undermine | Statement: Given the following claim and perspective, decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: There are many flaws to the theory that violent video games cause real life violence. Separately, an unrelated poll of 600 individuals report... | undermine | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, small quantitative sub-problem (a simple fraction computation) is fused into the main natural-language judgement task so the solver must separate the math sub-task from the main textual inference.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
... |
Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: Studies claiming a causal link between video game violence and real life violence are flawed. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Answer with either support or undermine. | undermine | Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games. Perspective: Studies claiming a causal link between video game violence and real life violence are flawed. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Answer with either support or undermine. Separate task (independent): In one short phra... | undermine | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (classify the perspective as empirical or normative) is fused into the original problem, requiring the solver to separate and answer two tasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase"... |
Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: Playing violent video games does not cause kids to commit mass shootings.
Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Choose the best option:
(A) supports the claim
(B) undermines the claim | B | Statement: Claim: We should restrict violent video games.
Perspective: Playing violent video games does not cause kids to commit mass shootings.
Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Choose the best option:
(A) supports the claim
(B) undermines the claim
[Independent sub-problem — separat... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent classification task about the perspective sentence is fused into the original judgment task, forcing the solver to separate two tasks and avoid cross-contamination.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_... |
Problem: Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: Fighting bulls have a better quality of life than meat-producing bulls. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Options: (A) supports (B) undermines | B | Problem: Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: Fighting bulls have a better quality of life than meat-producing bulls. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Options: (A) supports (B) undermines. Additionally, as a separate... | B | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic sub-problem (percent change calculation) was fused into the original reasoning task, requiring the solver to separate the moral/logical evaluation from the unrelated numeric computation.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
... |
Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: Blood sports cannot be justified by reference to their role in pest control or conservation. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. | support | Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: Blood sports cannot be justified by reference to their role in pest control or conservation. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim.
Separate task (unrelated to the support/undermine de... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent logical sub-problem (a syllogism validity check) is fused into the original question, forcing the solver to separate two tasks: the original support/undermine judgment and a separate logical validity assessment.",
"name": "Compositional und... |
Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: Blood sports are not justified by their role in pest control or conservation.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose one option.
(A) Support
(B) Undermine | A | Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: Blood sports are not justified by their role in pest control or conservation.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Choose one option.
(A) Support
(B) Undermine
Separate sub-problem (indep... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, plausibly related sub-question about exotic pet trade and zoonotic disease is fused into the original problem, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid using the sub-question to answer the main question.",
"name": "Composit... |
Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: The need for pest control or conservation does not justify blood sports. Determine whether the perspective supports the claim, undermines the claim, or is neutral/unclear. | A | Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: The need for pest control or conservation does not justify blood sports. Also, separately, does this perspective imply that regulated lethal pest control practices (for example, targeted culling to protect ecosyste... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "Fused an independent sub-question about the permissibility of regulated lethal pest control into the original judgement task, requiring the solver to separate the two evaluations.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_... |
Problem: Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: Pest control or conservation arguments does not rationalize our use of animals as objects in blood sports.
Based on the claim and the perspective above, decide whether the perspective supports or undermine... | A | Problem: Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: Pest control or conservation arguments does not rationalize our use of animals as objects in blood sports.
Additionally, consider this separate assessment: Statement: Targeted lethal removal of invasive s... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, structurally similar sub-problem (another supports/undermines pair about conservation and lethal removal of species) was fused into the original problem so the solver must separate and solve two related but independent inferences.",
"name"... |
Statement: You are given a claim and a perspective. Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: The use of animals as objects in blood sports cannot be justified by the weak argument that it provides benefit through pest control or conservation. Does this perspective s... | A | Statement: You are given a claim and a perspective. Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: The use of animals as objects in blood sports cannot be justified by the weak argument that it provides benefit through pest control or conservation. Separately, classify wh... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent classification sub-problem about a separate sentence is fused into the main task, forcing the solver to separate two independent reasoning threads (ethical support relation and sentence-type classification).",
"name": "Compositional underst... |
Problem: Statement: You will be given a claim and a perspective. Decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. If the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, it is supporting; otherwise it is undermining.
Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment shou... | A | Problem: Statement: You will be given a claim and a perspective. Decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. If the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, it is supporting; otherwise it is undermining.
Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment shou... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent secondary classification task (descriptive vs. evaluative) was fused into the original prompt so the solver must separate two sub-problems and not conflate them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_inc... |
Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: When animals are treated as property it prevents them from being perceived as part of the moral community.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Answer with one word: support or undermine | support | Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: When animals are treated as property it prevents them from being perceived as part of the moral community.
Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Answer with one word: support or undermine.
... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent arithmetic sub-problem (distributing fish among tanks) is fused into the moral reasoning task, requiring the solver to separate and solve two distinct tasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increas... |
Problem: Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: Animals are not perceived as part of the moral community when they are treated as property.
Question: Based on the perspective, does it support or undermine the claim?
Solution: support | support | Problem: Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: Animals are not perceived as part of the moral community when they are treated as property.
Question: Based on the perspective, does it support or undermine the claim?
Independent sub-question (distractor)... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem is added alongside the original question, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid conflating their answers.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate — incre... |
Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: Objectifying animals enables people to absolve themselves from their moral treatment. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. | support | Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: Objectifying animals enables people to absolve themselves from their moral treatment. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. As an independent, separate sub-problem (do not let this aff... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (tone classification) was fused into the main question, forcing the solver to separate and answer two tasks: (1) evaluate support/undermine relation and (2) classify tone. Models must disentangle the tasks rather than conflate them.",... |
Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: Animals should not be treated as objects or property as doing so allows them to be treated amorally. Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Answer with either support or undermine | support | Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: Animals should not be treated as objects or property as doing so allows them to be treated amorally. Question: Does the perspective support or undermine the claim? Answer with either support or undermine.
Separate... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent numeric sub-problem (a poll calculation) is fused into the original argumentative question, requiring the solver to separate and solve two tasks independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_incre... |
Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: Animals are harmed when used as objects of entertainment, no matter how innocent that entertainment is.
Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Answer with one word: support or undermine | support | Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: Animals are harmed when used as objects of entertainment, no matter how innocent that entertainment is.
Separately, classify the following unrelated sentence as a factual claim or a value judgment: "Many people enj... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, separately answerable sub-problem (classify a sentence as factual or value judgment) is fused into the original task, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid letting the added sub-problem influence the main judgment.",
"na... |
Statement: Decide whether the following perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: All uses of animals for entertainment harm the animals. | support | Statement: Decide whether the following perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: All uses of animals for entertainment harm the animals. Independent sub-problem (unrelated to the main judgement): Does the following sente... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent, related-sounding sub-problem (whether a sentence contradicts the perspective) is fused into the original task so the solver must separate the two judgments and not conflate them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estima... |
Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: Even the most innocent of entertainment using animals harms the animals. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. | support | Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: Even the most innocent of entertainment using animals harms the animals. Additionally, in an unrelated subtask, determine whether the sentence 'Wearing gloves while gardening always improves plant health' is a fact... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent classification sub-problem (classify a sentence as a factual claim or an opinion) was fused into the main task, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid conflating them.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"... |
Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: Animals as entertainment is always harmful to the animals. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. 'Supporting' means it could convince someone with a different view; otherwise it is 'un... | support | Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: Animals as entertainment is always harmful to the animals. Separately, as an independent subtask, classify the unrelated proposition 'Training animals for entertainment sometimes improves their living conditions.' ... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-problem (classify a separate proposition as fact/opinion/ambiguous) was fused into the main prompt so the solver must separate the tasks and focus on the original judgment.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated... |
Problem: Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: It is not possible to harmlessly have animals as entertainment.
Task: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Choose one option.
Options:
(A) supports
(B) undermines
Solution: A | A | Problem: Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: It is not possible to harmlessly have animals as entertainment.
Task: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Choose one option.
Options:
(A) supports
(B) undermines
Separate s... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent syllogistic sub-problem is fused into the main task, requiring the solver to separate the two problems and avoid conflating their reasoning.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate — f... |
Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: The use of animals in sport demeans humans.
Question: Based on the perspective, does it support or undermine the claim? | support | Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: The use of animals in sport demeans humans.
Question: Based on the perspective, does it support or undermine the claim?
Separately, consider an independent sub-problem for compositional challenge.
Perspective B: T... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent second perspective and question were inserted, forcing the solver to separate the original inference (does Perspective → support/undermine claim?) from an unrelated sub-problem (Perspective B → support/undermine claim?).",
"name": "Composit... |
Problem: Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: The use of animals in sport is demeaning to humans.
Question: Based only on the claim and the perspective above, determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Select the single best o... | A | Problem: Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: The use of animals in sport is demeaning to humans.
Question: Based only on the claim and the perspective above, determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Select the single best o... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent counting subtask (parity of word count in the perspective sentence) is fused into the main inference problem, forcing the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid conflating results.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"e... |
Problem: Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: The devaluation of animals as an object of sport, devalues life including human life.
Solution: support | support | Problem: Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: The devaluation of animals as an object of sport, devalues life including human life. Additionally, as a separate and independent task, e... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent logical sub-problem (a syllogism validity check) was fused into the original judgment task, requiring the solver to separate and solve two tasks independently.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_incre... |
Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: Humans ultimately devalue their own lives when using animals as objects of sport. Choose the best option:
(A) Supports the claim
(B) Undermines th... | A | Statement: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: Humans ultimately devalue their own lives when using animals as objects of sport. Choose the best option:
(A) Supports the claim
(B) Undermines th... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent micro-question (classify the perspective as normative or descriptive) was fused into the original problem, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase":... |
Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: Bullfighting is too dangerous to humans to justify. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. | support | Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: Bullfighting is too dangerous to humans to justify. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Separately (as an independent subtask), suppose an organizer runs 12 bullfighting events and t... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent numerical subtask (probability calculation) is fused into the original judgment problem, forcing the solver to separate and solve two distinct sub-problems.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase... |
Statement: Decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Rule: if the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, it supports; otherwise it undermines. Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: Bullfighting is dangerous for h... | A | Statement: Decide whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Rule: if the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, it supports; otherwise it undermines. Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: Bullfighting is dangerous for h... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent true/false sub-question about bull behavior is fused into the main judgment task, requiring the solver to separate the two tasks and not let the secondary fact influence the main support/undermine decision.",
"name": "Compositional understa... |
Statement: You are given a claim and a perspective. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: We must ban bullfighting to keep humans from recklessly getting injured and even dying. | support | Statement: You are given a claim and a perspective. Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned. Perspective: We must ban bullfighting to keep humans from recklessly getting injured and even dying. Additionally, as ... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent second claim-perspective pair was fused into the prompt so the model must separate and solve two tasks independently rather than treating them as a single judgment.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_... |
Problem: Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: Harming animals for entertainment is immoral.
Task: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Use this rule: if the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different vi... | A | Problem: Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: Harming animals for entertainment is immoral.
Task: Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. Use this rule: if the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different vi... | A | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent sub-question about operant conditioning is fused into the main problem, requiring the solver to separate and solve two tasks.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate — mid-tier models ... |
Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: It is not moral to hurt animals for entertainment.
Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. If the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, label it supporting; ... | support | Statement: Claim: The use of animals as objects of sport and entertainment should be banned.
Perspective: It is not moral to hurt animals for entertainment.
Determine whether the perspective supports or undermines the claim. If the perspective could possibly convince someone with a different view, label it supporting; ... | support | {
"distractor_types_used": [
{
"description": "An independent short logic exercise is fused into the main problem, forcing the solver to separate the two tasks and avoid conflating their answers.",
"name": "Compositional understanding"
}
],
"estimated_difficulty_increase": "Moderate — the comp... |
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