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There is evidence from a phylogenetically diverse sample of tunicates (Urochordata) that AGA and AGG code for glycine. In other organisms, AGA/AGG code for either arginine or serine and in vertebrate mitochondria they code a STOP. Evidence for glycine translation of AGA/AGG was first found in 1993 in Pyura stolonifer... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The usual process of electrorefining copper consists of placing a copper anode (about 99.5–99.7% pure copper) in sulfuric acid (HSO) bath of copper electrolyte, together with a cathode, and passing a current between the anode and cathode through an external circuit. At the applied electropotential, copper and less nobl... | 0 | Metallurgy |
General transcription factors (GTFs) or basal transcription factors are protein transcription factors that have been shown to be important in the transcription of class II genes to mRNA templates. Many of them are involved in the formation of a preinitiation complex, which, together with RNA polymerase II, bind to and... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The open and closed conformations refer to the state of the DNA and whether the template strand has been separated from the non-template strand within the PIC. The place at which the DNA opens to form the bubble lies above a tunnel that is lined by the B-core, B-linker and B-reader as well as parts of RNA polymerase II... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Andrew Carnegie, a Scottish immigrant, advanced the cheap and efficient mass production of steel rails for railroad lines, by adopting the Bessemer process. After an early career in railroads, Carnegie foresaw the potential for steel to amass vast profits. He asked his cousin, George Lauder to join him in America fro... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The iron pillar in India was produced by the forge welding of pieces of wrought iron. In a report published in the journal Current Science, R. Balasubramaniam of the IIT Kanpur explains how the pillar's resistance to corrosion is due to a passive protective film at the iron-rust interface. The presence of second-phase ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The nodes of Ranvier Na+/Ca2+ exchangers and high density of voltage-gated Na+ channels that generate action potentials. A sodium channel consists of a pore-forming α subunit and two accessory β subunits, which anchor the channel to extra-cellular and intra-cellular components. The nodes of Ranvier in the central and... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Rust removal from small iron or steel objects by electrolysis can be done in a home workshop using simple materials such as a plastic bucket filled with an electrolyte consisting of washing soda dissolved in tap water, a length of rebar suspended vertically in the solution to act as an anode, another laid across the to... | 0 | Metallurgy |
E. coli is one of the most widely used expression hosts, and DNA is normally introduced in a plasmid expression vector. The techniques for overexpression in E. coli are well developed and work by increasing the number of copies of the gene or increasing the binding strength of the promoter region so assisting transcrip... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
KaiC is a gene belonging to the KaiABC gene cluster (with KaiA, and KaiB) that, together, regulate bacterial circadian rhythms, specifically in cyanobacteria. KaiC encodes for the KaiC protein, which interacts with the KaiA and KaiB proteins in a post-translational oscillator (PTO). The PTO is cyanobacteria master cloc... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Another problem with plotting this (or any) type of count data is [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/overplotting overplotting] which is solved in the RA plot by jittering the points out away from each other but no so far as to merge with other coordinates. The result of this feature is a patchwork-like appearance to the ... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The direct reduction of iron ore principle was tested in the late 19th century using high-temperature stirring of ore powder mixed with coal and a small amount of limestone to adjust the ores acidity. Carl Wilhelm Siemens direct reduction process, which was sporadically employed in the United States and United Kingdom ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Antibody diversity is produced by genetic rearrangement after shuffling and rejoining one of each of the various gene segments for the heavy and light chains. Due to mixing and random recombination of the gene segments errors can occur at the sites where gene segments join with each other. These errors are one of the s... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The discovery of introns and the split gene architecture of the eukaryotic genes started a new era of eukaryotic biology. The question of why eukaryotic genes had fragmented genes prompted speculation and discussion almost immediately.
Ford Doolittle published a paper in 1978 in which he stated that most molecular biol... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Alclad sheeting has become a widely used material within the aviation industry for the construction of aircraft due to its favourable qualities, such as a high fatigue resistance and its strength. During the first half of the twentieth century, substantial studies were conducted into the corrosion qualities of various ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Each dislocation is associated with a strain field which contributes some small but finite amount to the materials stored energy. When the temperature is increased - typically below one-third of the absolute melting point - dislocations become mobile and are able to glide, cross-slip and climb. If two dislocations of o... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Nanog is a transcription factor that controls both self-renewal and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells. Similarly, the expression of Nanog family proteins is increased in many types of cancer and correlates with a worse prognosis. | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Metallic parts produced by casting are comparatively inexpensive, but are often subject to metallurgical flaws like porosity and microstructural defects. Friction stir processing can be used to introduce a wrought microstructure into a cast component and eliminate many of the defects. By vigorously stirring a cast meta... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Loam molding was formerly used for making cast iron or bronze cannon and is still used for casting large bells.
Loam (pronounced low-m) is a mixture of sand and clay with water, sometimes with horse dung (valuable for its straw content), animal hair or coke. The object of including dung or hair was to make the mould... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Based on the results of the pilot plant work, the MIM Holdings Board of Directors approved the construction of an A$65 million demonstration plant, capable of producing 60,000 t/y of lead bullion. This plant operated from early 1991 until 1995. It was initially designed to treat 20 t/h of lead concentrate using lance a... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Tantalum anodizes similarly to titanium and niobium with a range of attractive colours being formed by interference at different film thicknesses. Again the film thickness is dependent on the anodizing voltage and typically ranges from 18 to 23 Angstroms per volt depending on electrolyte and temperature. Uses include t... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Chromatin remodeling provides fine-tuning at crucial cell growth and division steps, like cell-cycle progression, DNA repair and chromosome segregation, and therefore exerts tumor-suppressor function. Mutations in such chromatin remodelers and deregulated covalent histone modifications potentially favor self-sufficienc... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Protein phosphatases remove phosphates from proteins, usually on Serine, Threonine, and Tyrosine residues, reversing the action of protein kinases. The PTP family of protein phosphatases is tyrosine-specific, and several other families (PPPL, PPM, HAD) appear to be serine/threonine specific, while other families are un... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
In many bacteria, both mRNAs and non-coding RNAs can be polyadenylated. This poly(A) tail promotes degradation by the degradosome, which contains two RNA-degrading enzymes: polynucleotide phosphorylase and RNase E. Polynucleotide phosphorylase binds to the 3′ end of RNAs and the 3′ extension provided by the poly(A) tai... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
In September 1965, Ordinary National Certificates in science were introduced, in consultation with the Institution, the Royal Institute of Chemistry, the Institute of Physics, the Physical Society, the Institute of Biology, and the Mathematical Association.
In January 1969, these same set of institutions set up the Cou... | 0 | Metallurgy |
An alternative method of decarburising pig iron was the finery forge, which seems to have been devised in the region around Namur in the 15th century. By the end of that century, this Walloon process spread to the Pay de Bray on the eastern boundary of Normandy, and then to England, where it became the main method of... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The studies of rapamycin as immunosuppressive agent enabled us to understand its mechanism of action. It inhibits T-cell proliferation and proliferative responses induced by several cytokines, including interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-6, IGF, PDGF, and colony-stimulating factors (CSFs). Rapamycin inhibitors ... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The preinitiation complex (PIC) assembles in a stepwise fashion on the promoter of genes to initiate transcription. The TFIID binds to the TATA box in order to begin the assembly of the TFIIA, recruiting other transcription factors and components needed in the PIC. Data suggests that pRb is able to repress transcriptio... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The CCT evolved from the archaeal thermosome ~2Gya, with the two subunits diversifying into multiple units. The CCT changed from having one type of subunit, to having two, three, five, and finally eight types. | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
In evolutionary developmental biology, homeosis is the transformation of one organ into another, arising from mutation in or misexpression of certain developmentally critical genes, specifically homeotic genes. In animals, these developmental genes specifically control the development of organs on their anteroposterior... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Splicing is dependent on the presence of the 7-methylguanosine cap. A defect in splicing can occur as a result of mutation(s) in the guanylyltransferase, which can inhibit enzyme activity, preventing the formation of the cap. However the severity of the effect is dependent on the guanylyltransferase mutation. Further... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Metals in their native state are those found in nature as free elements (chemically uncombined). They are usually attached to or mixed with varying amounts of undesired material (gangue), and require only physical separation to produce usable metal.
Most metallic ores in the Earth's crust require chemical processing to... | 0 | Metallurgy |
RNAs are a type of large biological molecules, whose individual building blocks are called nucleotides. The name poly(A) tail (for polyadenylic acid tail) reflects the way RNA nucleotides are abbreviated, with a letter for the base the nucleotide contains (A for adenine, C for cytosine, G for guanine and U for uracil).... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
In the 15th century, the finery process, another process which shares the air-blowing principle with the Bessemer process, was developed in Europe. In 1740, Benjamin Huntsman developed the crucible technique for steel manufacture, at his workshop in the district of Handsworth in Sheffield. This process had an enormous ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The equivalent carbon content concept is used on ferrous materials, typically steel and cast iron, to determine various properties of the alloy when more than just carbon is used as an alloyant, which is typical. The idea is to convert the percentage of alloying elements other than carbon to the equivalent carbon perce... | 0 | Metallurgy |
DNA purification in 1869 by Dr. Friedrich Miescher’s, from salmon sperm and pus cells guided the scientists towards the presence of additional molecules in the cell except for proteins. Miescher identified the presence of a highly acidic molecule that he isolated from the pus cells and labeled it “nuclein”. The term wa... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
A heat number is an identification coupon number that is stamped on a material plate after it is removed from the ladle and rolled at a steel mill.
Industry quality standards require materials to be tested at the manufacturer and the results of these tests be submitted through a report, also called a mill sheet, mill... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Simmons was born on May 3, 1931. He attended Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1949. He became a metallurgist at the Allegheny Ludlum Steel corporation in Pittsburgh. He then worked for other steel companies before returning to become the chief executive of Allegheny, taking it public and then leading a m... | 0 | Metallurgy |
In Arabidopsis thaliana, there are three main families of transcription factors that contain B3 domain:
* ARF (Auxin Response Factors)
* ABI3 (ABscisic acid Insensitive3)
* RAV (Related to ABI3/VP1)
and are only known NMR solution phase structures of the B3 DNA Binding Domain. | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Pewter was first used around the beginning of the Bronze Age in the Near East. The earliest known piece of pewter was found in an Egyptian tomb, , but it is unlikely that this was the first use of the material. Pewter was used for decorative metal items and tableware in ancient times by the Egyptians and later the Roma... | 0 | Metallurgy |
ScerTF is a comprehensive database of position weight matrices for the transcription factors of Saccharomyces. | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Calcineurin (CaN) is a calcium and calmodulin dependent serine/threonine protein phosphatase (also known as protein phosphatase 3, and calcium-dependent serine-threonine phosphatase). It activates the T cells of the immune system and can be blocked by drugs. Calcineurin activates nuclear factor of activated T cell cyto... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
This technique is mostly used to produce coatings on structural materials. Such coatings provide protection against high temperatures (for example thermal barrier coatings for exhaust heat management), corrosion, erosion, wear; they can also change the appearance, electrical or tribological properties of the surface, r... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The Newbery-Vautin chlorination process is a method for extracting gold from its ore through the use of chlorination. This process was jointly developed by James Cosmo Newbery and Claude Vautin. | 0 | Metallurgy |
MiRNA expression profiles are altered in psychiatric conditions, including depression, anxiety, and PTSD. It has been demonstrated that miR-324-5p expression is altered in the brains of suicide victims with depression and in the amygdala, the fear center of the brain, in PTSD. MiRNAs are an underexplored potential biom... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Not much is known about archaeal termination. Euryarchaeal RNAPs seem to terminate on their own when poly-U stretches appear. | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
As mentioned above, changes in MITF can result in serious health conditions. For example, mutations of MITF have been implicated in both Waardenburg syndrome and Tietz syndrome.
Waardenburg syndrome is a rare genetic disorder. Its symptoms include deafness, minor defects, and abnormalities in pigmentation. Mutations in... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Copper has earned a respected place in the related fields of architecture, building construction, and interior design. From cathedrals to castles and from homes to offices, copper is used for a variety of architectural elements, including roofs, flashings, gutters, downspouts, domes, spires, vaults, wall cladding, and ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
As the slag becomes enriched with iron oxide during the reaction in air, it becomes basic and then combines with the siliceous refractory lining, which is very acidic. A basic refractory lining would not react and would therefore lower the cost of production. The adoption of a lining inspired by one developed by Sidney... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The word transcriptome is a portmanteau of the words transcript and genome. It appeared along with other neologisms formed using the suffixes -ome and -omics to denote all studies conducted on a genome-wide scale in the fields of life sciences and technology. As such, transcriptome and transcriptomics were one of the f... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
More than 100 immune system disorders affect humans, including inflammatory bowel diseases, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, bloom syndrome, familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome, and dyskeratosis congenita. The Shapiro–Senapathy algorithm has been used to discover genes and mutations involved in man... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
CTCF physically binds to itself to form homodimers,
which causes the bound DNA to form loops. CTCF also occurs frequently at the boundaries of sections of DNA bound to the nuclear lamina. Using chromatin immuno-precipitation (ChIP) followed by ChIP-seq, it was found that CTCF localizes with cohesin genome-wide and affe... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Platinum-samarium forms crystals of rhombic crystal system, space group P nma, cell parameters a = 0.7148 nm, b = 0.4501 nm, c = 0.5638 nm, Z = 4, structure similar to that of iron boride (FeB).
The compound melts congruently at a temperature of ≈1810 °C. | 0 | Metallurgy |
In this part of the experiment, Tamm et al. transfected 293 cells with survivin and lysed them to obtain cell lysate. The lysates were incubated with different caspase forms and survivin was immunopercipitated with anti-survivin antibody. The idea behind this is that, if survivin binds physically with the caspase it is... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Johnson Matthey Technology Review, known as Platinum Metals Review before 2014, is a quarterly, peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing reports on scientific research on the platinum group metals and related industrial developments. | 0 | Metallurgy |
TiAl has the lowest density of 3.4 g/cm, the highest micro hardness of 465–670 kg/mm and the best oxidation resistance even at 1 000 °C. However, the applications of TiAl in the engineering and aerospace fields are limited by its poor ductility. In addition, the loss of ductility at ambient temperature is usually accom... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The specific feature of German silver overlay is the degree of purity – 925 for Sterling silver or 999 for fine silver. The quality of silver used for German overlay can be seen by identifying the impressed 1000 mark (usually on the base or side of an item). The purity and thickness of the silver overlay ensures the be... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The deformation field at the slip-band is due to three-dimensional elastic and plastic strains where the concentrated shear of the slip band tip deforms the grain in its vicinity. The elastic strains describe the stress concentration ahead of the slip band, which is important as it can affect the transfer of plastic de... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is an agonist of the FSHR.
Small-molecule positive allosteric modulators of the FSHR have been developed. | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, located within the School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, is a research facility working in the field of gene expression and chromosome biology. Previously part of the Dundee Biocentre and receiving significant Wellcome Trust funding from 1995 onwards, it was award... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Between 100 million and 280 million tons of phosphogypsum waste are estimated to be produced annually as a consequence of the processing of phosphate rock for the production of phosphate fertilizers. In addition to being useless and abundant, phosphogypsum is radioactive due to the presence of naturally occurring urani... | 0 | Metallurgy |
In materials science, environmental stress fracture or environment assisted fracture is the generic name given to premature failure under the influence of tensile stresses and harmful environments of materials such as metals and alloys, composites, plastics and ceramics.
Metals and alloys exhibit phenomena such as str... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Copper roofs are extremely durable in most environments. They have performed well for over 700 years, primarily because of the protective patina that forms on copper surfaces. Tests conducted on 18th Century copper roofs in Europe showed that, in theory, they could last for one thousand years. | 0 | Metallurgy |
The STAT3-Ser/Hes3 signaling axis is a specific type of intracellular signaling pathway that regulates several fundamental properties of cells. | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
DSIF plays the same role for HIV-1 gene expression as it would normally in transcription. This is because P-TEFb phosphorylates DSIF the same regardless of whether or not P-TEFb goes through normal cellular regulation or bypasses it due to Tat. | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The Egyptians were practicing cire perdue from the mid 3rd millennium BC, shown by Early Dynastic bracelets and gold jewellery. Inserted spouts for ewers (copper water vessels) from the Fourth Dynasty (Old Kingdom) were made by the lost-wax method. Hollow castings, such as the Louvre statuette from the Fayum find appea... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The Cape York meteorite, also known as the Innaanganeq meteorite, is one of the largest known iron meteorites, classified as a medium octahedrite in chemical group IIIAB. In addition to many small fragments, at least eight large fragments with a total mass of 58 tonnes have been recovered, the largest weighing . The me... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Tumor development is a complex process that requires cell division, growth, and survival. One approach used by tumors to upregulate growth and survival is through autocrine production of growth and survival factors. Autocrine signaling plays critical roles in cancer activation and also in providing self-sustaining grow... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
In 1969, Pinewood film studios hired a chemistry laboratory at Fulmer for use as a film set for the film "The Chairman" (also known as "The Most Dangerous Man in the World"), starring Gregory Peck. | 0 | Metallurgy |
Fulmer grew steadily so that by 1960 there were about 100 staff. Individual research investigators were often recruited to work on specific projects as contracts were obtained. Each recruit was also expected to develop proposals for work in his or her areas of expertise, whether or not these fitted into Fulmers existi... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The gene for the FSHR is found on chromosome 2 p21 in humans. The gene sequence of the FSHR consists of about 2,080 nucleotides. | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
In metallurgical processes tank leaching is a hydrometallurgical method of extracting valuable material (usually metals) from ore. | 0 | Metallurgy |
The YenR and YenI proteins produced by the gammaproteobacterium Yersinia enterocolitica are similar to Aliivibrio fischeri LuxR and LuxI. YenR activates the expression of a small non-coding RNA, YenS. YenS inhibits YenI expression and acylhomoserine lactone production. YenR/YenI/YenS are involved in the control of swim... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Much of the work done by the BNF during the 1939–45 period was of vital use for the defence industry. This especially included solving many of the corrosion problems of seawater cooled condenser tubes and tube plates that had resulted in many ships being unserviceable and significant improvements in corrosion resistan... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The applications of chemotactic drug delivery systems include but are not limited to cancer therapy, wound healing, and inflammation. The ability to target specific cells and locations within the body through chemical cues has opened up new avenues for the field of drug delivery, allowing for increased drug efficacy an... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The recrystallization behavior of materials containing a wide distribution of particle sizes can be difficult to predict. This is compounded in alloys where the particles are thermally-unstable and may grow or dissolve with time. In various systems, abnormal grain growth may occur giving rise to unusually large crystal... | 0 | Metallurgy |
A pyrometer, or radiation thermometer, is a type of remote sensing thermometer used to measure the temperature of distant objects. Various forms of pyrometers have historically existed. In the modern usage, it is a device that from a distance determines the temperature of a surface from the amount of the thermal radiat... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Chloride inclusions (MgCl, NaCl, CaCl, …) are a special type of inclusion as they are liquid in liquid metal. When aluminium solidifies, they form spherical voids similar to hydrogen gas porosity but the void contains a chloride crystal formed when aluminium became colder. | 0 | Metallurgy |
Sigma-2 receptors have been associated with pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, prostate cancer, and ovarian cancer. Tumor cells are shown to over-express sigma-2 receptors, allowing for potential cancer therapies as many sigma-2 receptor mediated cell responses happen only in tumor cells. Tumor ce... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
In the field of molecular biology, the ETS (E26 transformation-specific or E-twenty-six. (Erythroblast Transformation Specific)) family is one of the largest families of transcription factors and is unique to animals. There are 29 genes in humans, 28 in the mouse, 10 in Caenorhabditis elegans and 9 in Drosophila. The f... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
* O. K. Berdiev
* I. N. Khlopin
* Boris Kuftin
* Gorislava Nikolaevna Lisit︠s︡yna
* Mikhail Evgenievich Masson
* Vadim Mikhailovich Masson
* G. E. Markov
* Alexey Okladnikov
* Viktor Sarianidi | 0 | Metallurgy |
The sclerometer, also known as the Turner-sclerometer (from meaning "hard"), is an instrument used by metallurgists, material scientists and mineralogists to measure the scratch hardness of materials. It was invented in 1896 by Thomas Turner (1861–1951), the first Professor of metallurgy in Britain, at the University ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Through the recent study of untranslated regions, general information has been gathered about the nature and function of these elements. However, there is still much that is unknown about these regions of mRNA. Since the regulation of gene expression is critical in the proper function of cells, this is an area of study... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Devices made from aluminum and its alloys, such as aircraft, must be carefully designed to minimize or evenly distribute flexure, which can lead to work hardening and, in turn, stress cracking, possibly causing catastrophic failure. For this reason modern aluminum aircraft will have an imposed working lifetime (depende... | 0 | Metallurgy |
NbSn was discovered to be a superconductor in 1954, one year after the discovery of VSi, the first example of an AB superconductor. In 1961 it was discovered that niobium–tin still exhibits superconductivity at large currents and strong magnetic fields, thus becoming the first known material to support the high current... | 0 | Metallurgy |
CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing protein 3 (i.e. CMTM3), also termed chemokine-like factor superfamily 3 (i.e. CKLFSF3), is a member of the CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing family (i.e. CMTM) of proteins. In humans, CMTM2 protein is encoded by the CMTM3 gene located in band 22.1 on the ... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
G-protein-coupled receptor oligomerisation is a widespread phenomenon. One of the best-studied examples is the metabotropic GABA receptor. This so-called constitutive receptor is formed by heterodimerization of GABAR1 and GABAR2 subunits. Expression of the GABAR1 without the GABAR2 in heterologous systems leads to rete... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
There are three types of shrinkage: shrinkage of the liquid, solidification shrinkage and patternmakers shrinkage. The shrinkage of the liquid is rarely a problem because more material is flowing into the mold behind it. Solidification shrinkage occurs because metals are less dense as a liquid than a solid, so during s... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Various techniques are available for strengthening concrete structures, to increase the load-carrying capacity or else to improve the in-service performance. These include increasing the concrete cross-section and adding material such as steel plate or fiber composites to enhance the tensile capacity or increase the co... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The terms resin flux and rosin flux are ambiguous and somewhat interchangeable, with different vendors using different assignments. Generally, fluxes are labeled as rosin if the vehicle they are based on is primarily natural rosin. Some manufactures reserve "rosin" designation for military fluxes based on rosin (R, RMA... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Bronze technology was imported to China from the steppes. The oldest bronze object found in China was a knife found at a Majiayao culture site in Dongxiang, Gansu, and dated to 2900–2740 BC. Further copper and bronze objects have been found at Machang-period sites in Gansu. Metallurgy spread to the middle and lower Yel... | 0 | Metallurgy |
An old-standing topic in grain growth is the evolution of the grains size distribution. Inspired by the work of Lifshitz and Slyozov on Ostwald ripening, Hillert has suggested that in a normal grain growth process the size distribution function must converge to a self-similar solution, i.e. it becomes invariant when th... | 0 | Metallurgy |
piRNAs represent the largest class of small non-coding RNA molecules expressed in animal cells, deriving from a large variety of sources, including repetitive DNA and transposons. However, the biogenesis of piRNAs is also the least well understood. piRNAs appear to act both at the post-transcriptional and chromatin lev... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Corrosion engineers and consultants tend to specialize in Internal or External corrosion scenarios. In both, they may provide corrosion control recommendations, failure analysis investigations, sell corrosion control products, or provide installation or design of corrosion control and monitoring systems. Every material... | 0 | Metallurgy |
In materials science, a grain boundary is the interface between two grains, or crystallites, in a polycrystalline material. Grain boundaries are two-dimensional defects in the crystal structure, and tend to decrease the electrical and thermal conductivity of the material. Most grain boundaries are preferred sites for t... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The extensive processing of eukaryotic pre-mRNA that leads to the mature mRNA is the RNA splicing, a mechanism by which introns or outrons (non-coding regions) are removed and exons (coding regions) are joined. | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
A codon table can be used to translate a genetic code into a sequence of amino acids. The standard genetic code is traditionally represented as an RNA codon table, because when proteins are made in a cell by ribosomes, it is messenger RNA (mRNA) that directs protein synthesis. The mRNA sequence is determined by the seq... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
As shrink fitting requires a uniform heating of the component to be expanded, it is best to try to use the lowest practical frequency when approaching heating for shrink fitting. Again the exception to this rule can be when removing parts from shafts. | 0 | Metallurgy |
TFIIB is a single 33kDa polypeptide consisting of 316 amino acids. TFIIB is made up of four functional regions: the C-terminal core domain; the B linker; the B reader and the amino terminal zinc ribbon.
TFIIB makes protein-protein interactions with the TATA-binding protein (TBP) subunit of transcription factor IID, and... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Arnold Adolph Berthold was a German physiologist and zoologist, who, in 1849, had a question about the function of the testes. He noticed in castrated roosters that they did not have the same sexual behaviors as roosters with their testes intact. He decided to run an experiment on male roosters to examine this phenomen... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
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