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Calcium carbide reacts with nitrogen at high temperature to form calcium cyanamide:
:CaC + N → CaCN + C
Commonly known as nitrolime, calcium cyanamide is used as fertilizer. It is hydrolysed to cyanamide, HNCN. | 0 | Metallurgy |
Silicon carbide (SiC), also known as carborundum (), is a hard chemical compound containing silicon and carbon. A semiconductor, it occurs in nature as the extremely rare mineral moissanite, but has been mass-produced as a powder and crystal since 1893 for use as an abrasive. Grains of silicon carbide can be bonded tog... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The outron is an intron-like sequence possessing similar characteristics such as the G+C content and a splice acceptor site that is the signal for trans-splicing. Such a trans-splice site is essentially defined as an acceptor (3) splice site without an upstream donor (5) splice site.
In eukaryotes such as euglenozoans... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
In biochemistry, the KIX domain (kinase-inducible domain (KID) interacting domain) or CREB binding domain is a protein domain of the eukaryotic transcriptional coactivators CBP and P300. It serves as a docking site for the formation of heterodimers between the coactivator and specific transcription factors. Structurall... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Pre-mRNAs from the D. melanogaster gene dsx contain 6 exons. In males, exons 1,2,3,5,and 6 are joined to form the mRNA, which encodes a transcriptional regulatory protein required for male development. In females, exons 1,2,3, and 4 are joined, and a polyadenylation signal in exon 4 causes cleavage of the mRNA at that ... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) networks can be found in eukaryotic cells. MAPK pathways in plants are known to regulate cell growth, cell development, cell death, and cell responses to environmental stimuli. Only a few of the MAPK mechanism components are known and have been studied. The components such as Ara... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
A sand rammer is a piece of equipment used in foundry sand testing to make test specimen of molding sand by compacting bulk material by free fixed height drop of fixed weight for 3 times. It is also used to determine compactibility of sands by using special specimen tubes and a linear scale. | 0 | Metallurgy |
Electro sinter forging is an electric current assisted sintering (ECAS) technology originated from capacitor discharge sintering. It is used for the production of diamond metal matrix composites and is under evaluation for the production of hard metals, nitinol and other metals and intermetallics. It is characterized b... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Internal oxidation, in corrosion of metals, is the process of formation of corrosion products (e.g. a metal oxide) within the metal bulk. In other words, the corrosion products are created away from the metal surface, and they are isolated from the surface.
Internal oxidation occurs when some components of the alloy ar... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Treatment with mTOR inhibitors can be complicated by adverse events. The most frequently occurring adverse events are stomatitis, rash, anemia, fatigue, hyperglycemia/hypertriglyceridemia, decreased appetite, nausea, and diarrhea. Additionally, interstitial lung disease is an adverse event of particular importance. mT... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
This work also explains why genomes such as the human genome have billions of bases, and why only a small fraction (~2%) codes for proteins and other regulatory elements. If split genes originated from random primordial DNA sequences, they would contain a significant amount of DNA that represented by introns. Furthermo... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
DESs are fluids generally composed of two or three cheap and safe components that are capable of self-association, often through hydrogen bond interactions, to form eutectic mixtures with a melting point lower than that of each individual component. DESs are generally liquid at temperatures lower than 100 °C, and they ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
A pore in a microstructure, unless desired, is a disadvantage for the properties. In fact, in nearly all of the materials, a pore will be the starting point for the rupture of the material. It is the initiation point for the cracks. Furthermore, a pore is usually quite hard to get rid of. Those techniques described lat... | 0 | Metallurgy |
There are two types of continuous cooling diagrams drawn for practical purposes.
* Type 1: This is the plot beginning with the transformation start point, cooling with a specific transformation fraction and ending with a transformation finish temperature for all products against transformation time for each cooling cur... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The CK1 family of monomeric serine–threonine protein kinases is found in eukaryotic organisms from yeast to humans. Mammals have seven family members (sometimes referred to as isoforms, but encoded by distinct genes): alpha, beta 1, gamma 1, gamma 2, gamma 3, delta, and epsilon. Isoforms range from 22 to 55 kDa and hav... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
After graduating from the University of Cambridge, Dye worked for a short period as Junior Associate at Mitchell Madison Group from October 2000 until March 2001, before going back to the Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, the University of Cambridge as a postdoctoral research associate also for a very sho... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Phosphate processing operations that use flotation as the principal mechanism to concentrate the phosphate-bearing minerals usually discard particles smaller than 20 μm in diameter. This is because the fine particles have had poor flotation performance and because their presence decreases the flotation performance of t... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Erosion corrosion, also known as impingement damage, is the combined effect of corrosion and erosion caused by rapid flowing turbulent water. It is probably the second most common cause of copper tube failures behind Type 1 pitting which is also known as Cold Water Pitting of Copper Tube.
Copper Water Tubes
Copper tube... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Yttrium is a soft, silver-metallic, lustrous and highly crystalline transition metal in group 3. As expected by periodic trends, it is less electronegative than its predecessor in the group, scandium, and less electronegative than the next member of period 5, zirconium. However, due to the lanthanide contraction, it is... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is essential to the makeup of ribosomes and peptide transfer during translation processes. Ribosomal RNA modifications are made throughout ribosome synthesis, and often occur during and/or after translation. Modifications primarily play a role in the structure of the rRNA in order to protect transl... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The low thermal expansion coefficient, high hardness, rigidity and thermal conductivity make silicon carbide a desirable mirror material for astronomical telescopes. The growth technology (chemical vapor deposition) has been scaled up to produce disks of polycrystalline silicon carbide up to in diameter, and several t... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Fretting examples include wear of drive splines on driveshafts, wheels at the lug bolt interface, and cylinder head gaskets subject to differentials in thermal expansion coefficients.
There is currently a focus on fretting research in the aerospace industry. The dovetail blade-root connection and the spline coupling of... | 0 | Metallurgy |
VMAT1 also has effects on the modulation of gastrin processing in G cells. These intestinal endocrine cells process amine precursors, and VMAT1 pulls them into vesicles for storage. The activity of VMAT1 in these cells has a seemingly inhibitory effect on the processing of gastrin. Essentially, this means that certa... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Metallurgy in pre-Columbian America is the extraction, purification and alloying of metals and metal crafting by Indigenous peoples of the Americas prior to European contact in the late 15th century. Indigenous Americans had been using native metals from ancient times, with recent finds of gold artifacts in the Andean ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
An ironmaster is the manager, and usually owner, of a forge or blast furnace for the processing of iron. It is a term mainly associated with the period of the Industrial Revolution, especially in Great Britain.
The ironmaster was usually a large-scale entrepreneur and thus an important member of a community. He would h... | 0 | Metallurgy |
DNA synthesis begins at specific sites called origins of replication. These are regions of the genome where the DNA replication machinery is assembled and the DNA is unwound to begin DNA synthesis. In most cases, replication proceeds in both directions from the replication origin.
The main features of replication origi... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Neck cracks are readily observed during inspection, but body and shoulder cracks are more difficult to detect. Neck thread cracks can be non-destructively tested using eddy-current crack-detection equipment. This is reported to be reliable for alloy 6351, but false positives have been reported for tests on alloy 6061. | 0 | Metallurgy |
Knockouts are primarily used to understand the role of a specific gene or DNA region by comparing the knockout organism to a wildtype with a similar genetic background.
Knockout organisms are also used as screening tools in the development of drugs, to target specific biological processes or deficiencies by using a spe... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
These predicted editing sites result in the translation of an Arginine instead of a Glutamine at the Q/R site and an Alanine instead of a Threonine at the T/A site. These codon changes are nonsynomonous. Since the editing sites are located just before a collagen like trimerization domain, editing may effect protein ... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The exact size of the GPCR superfamily is unknown, but at least 831 different human genes (or about 4% of the entire protein-coding genome) have been predicted to code for them from genome sequence analysis. Although numerous classification schemes have been proposed, the superfamily was classically divided into three ... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Richard Llewellyns novel How Green Was My Valley (1939) describes the social and environmental effects of coal mining in Wales at the turn of the 20th century. The local mines spoil tip, which he calls a slag heap, is the central figure of devastation. Eventually the pile overtakes the entire valley and crushes Huw Mo... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Since eIF2 is essential for most forms of translation initiation and therefore protein synthesis, defects in eIF2 are often lethal. The protein is highly conserved among evolutionary remote species - indicating a large impact of mutations on cell viability. Therefore, no diseases directly related to mutations in eIF2 c... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Potassium ethyl xanthate (KEX) is an organosulfur compound with the chemical formula . It is a pale yellow powder that is used in the mining industry for the separation of ores. It is a potassium salt of ethyl xanthic acid. | 0 | Metallurgy |
Evolution in bacteria was previously viewed as a result of mutation or genetic drift. Today, genetic exchange, or gene transfer is viewed as a major driving force in the evolution of prokaryotes. This driving force has been widely studied in organisms like E. coli. Bacteria reproduces asexually, where daughter cells ar... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The formulae for rokushō are not published widely or freely, but passed on in the Japanese craft tradition. However, some scholars have analysed samples of the material.
Premixed rokushō can be purchased outside Japan through specialty jewelry suppliers. Additionally, several different formulas have been proposed to r... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Grb2 is widely expressed and is essential for multiple cellular functions. Inhibition of Grb2 function impairs developmental processes in various organisms and blocks transformation and proliferation of various cell types. It is thus not surprising that targeted gene disruption of Grb2 in mice is lethal at an early emb... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
*ALAS1 Aminolevulinic Acid Synthase type 1 (type 2 is erythroid and associated with porphyria)
*ARHGEF2 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor
*ARMET Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor
*AES amino terminal enhancer of split
*BECN1 involved in autophagy and partners with PI3K
*BUD31 formerly Maternal G10... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Triple disc rolling contact fatigue (RCF) Rig is a specialised testing apparatus used in the field of tribology and materials science to evaluate the fatigue resistance and durability of materials subjected to rolling contact. This rig is designed for simulating the conditions encountered in various mechanical systems,... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Many human tumors occur because of dysregulation of mTOR signaling, and can confer higher susceptibility to inhibitors of mTOR. Deregulations of multiple elements of the mTOR pathway, like PI3K amplification/mutation, PTEN loss of function, AKT overexpression, and S6K1, 4EBP1, and eIF4E overexpression have been related... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
*Melanopsin: in vertebrate retina, mediates pupillary reflex, involved in regulation of circadian rhythms
*Photopsin: reception of various colors of light in the cone cells of vertebrate retina
*Rhodopsin: green-blue light reception in the rod cells of vertebrate retina
*Protein Kinase C: mediates photoreceptor deacti... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
* "A Study of Grain Shape", Journal of Metals, July 1952, 775.
* "Stereoscopic Microradiography", Metallurgia, 63, 95, 1961.
* "Careers in the Canadian Minerals Industry", Northern Miner, December 1980.
* “An Historical Sketch of the Canadian Steel Industry.” In All That Glitters: Readings in Historical Metallurgy, edi... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Ca plays an important role in nodule formation in legumes. Nitrogen is an essential element required in plants and many legumes, unable to fix nitrogen independently, pair symbiotically with nitrogen-fixing bacteria that reduce nitrogen to ammonia. This legume-Rhizobium interaction establishment requires the Nod factor... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
There have also been limited studies on using these materials in robotics, for example the hobbyist robot Stiquito (and "Roboterfrau Lara"), as they make it possible to create very lightweight robots. Recently, a prosthetic hand was introduced by Loh et al. that can almost replicate the motions of a human hand [Loh2005... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Some of the most notable contributors to the Corrosion Engineering discipline include among others:
* Michael Faraday (1791–1867)
* Marcel Pourbaix (1904–1998)
* Herbert H. Uhlig (1907–1993)
* Ulick Richardson Evans (1889–1980)
* Mars Guy Fontana (1910–1988)
* Melvin Romanoff ( -1970) | 0 | Metallurgy |
The process is named for its inventor Anson Gardner Betts who filed several patents for this method starting in 1901. | 0 | Metallurgy |
In materials science, intergranular corrosion (IGC), also known as intergranular attack (IGA), is a form of corrosion where the boundaries of crystallites of the material are more susceptible to corrosion than their insides. (Cf. transgranular corrosion.) | 0 | Metallurgy |
Sepro-Sizetec Screens are used for a variety of particle size separation and dewatering duties in mineral processing and aggregate applications. In mineral processing applications, particle size separation is of utmost importance in order to optimize crushing, grinding and gravity separation as well as many other proce... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The molecular mechanism of RNAa is not fully understood. Similar to RNAi, it has been shown that mammalian RNAa requires members of the Ago clade of Argonaute proteins, particularly Ago2, but possesses kinetics distinct from RNAi. In contrast to RNAi, promoter-targeted saRNAs induce prolonged activation of gene expres... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
This situation can happen in otherwise corrosion-resistant alloys, when the grain boundaries are depleted, known as , of the corrosion-inhibiting elements such as chromium by some mechanism. In nickel alloys and austenitic stainless steels, where chromium is added for corrosion resistance, the mechanism involved is pre... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The dithionite is the oxyanion with the formula [SO]. It is commonly encountered as the salt sodium dithionite. For historical reasons, it is sometimes called hydrosulfite, but it contains no hydrogen and is not a sulfite. The dianion has a steric number of 4 and trigonal pyramidal geometry. | 0 | Metallurgy |
Many TRIM proteins are induced by interferons, which are important component of resistance to pathogens and several TRIM proteins are known to be required for the restriction of infection by lentiviruses. TRIM proteins are involved in pathogen-recognition and by regulation of transcriptional pathways in host defence. | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Since an axon can be unmyelinated or myelinated, the action potential has two methods to travel down the axon. These methods are referred to as continuous conduction for unmyelinated axons, and saltatory conduction for myelinated axons. Saltatory conduction is defined as an action potential moving in discrete jumps do... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
An arrastra (or arastra) is a primitive mill for grinding and pulverizing (typically) gold or silver ore. Its simplest form is two or more flat-bottomed drag stones placed in a circular pit paved with flat stones, and connected to a center post by a long arm. With a horse, mule or human providing power at the other end... | 0 | Metallurgy |
First, adhesive from the HybriWell is peeled off and the HybriWell is attached over the area of the slide printed with the gelatin-DNA solution. Second, 200ul of transfection mix is pipetted into one of the HybriWell ports; the mixture will distribute evenly over the array. The array is then incubated, with temperature... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
RNAPII can exist in two forms: RNAPII0, with a highly phosphorylated CTD, and RNAPIIA, with a nonphosphorylated CTD. Phosphorylation occurs principally on Ser2 and Ser5 of the repeats, although these positions are not equivalent. The phosphorylation state changes as RNAPII progresses through the transcription cycle: Th... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass production of steel from molten pig iron before the development of the open hearth furnace. The key principle is removal of impurities from the iron by oxidation with air being blown through the molten iron. The oxidation also raises the tem... | 0 | Metallurgy |
By the end of 1941, the Germans occupied most of the industrial territory of the USSR, where 59 blast furnaces, 126 open-hearth furnaces and 13 Electric arc furnace, 16 converters and 105 rolling mills functioned, about 66% of Soviet pig iron, more than 50% of steel and 60% of aluminum were produced. During 1941-1942, ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
HRI (encoded in humans by the gene EIF2AK1) also dimerizes in order to autophosphorylate and activate. This activation is dependent on the presence of heme. HRI has two domains that heme may bind to, including one on the N-terminus and one on the kinase insertion domain. The presence of heme causes a disulfide bond to ... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Technical journals published on behalf of ASM include:
* Alloy Digest
* International Materials Reviews (IMR)
* Journal of Failure Analysis & Prevention (JFAP)
* Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance (JMEP)
* Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion (JPED)
* Journal of Thermal Spray Technology (JTST)
* Meta... | 0 | Metallurgy |
TAD locations are defined by applying an algorithm to Hi-C data. For example, TADs are often called according to the so-called "directionality index". The directionality index is calculated for individual 40kb bins, by collecting the reads that fall in the bin, and observing whether their paired reads map upstream or d... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
While introns do not encode protein products, they are integral to gene expression regulation. Some introns themselves encode functional RNAs through further processing after splicing to generate noncoding RNA molecules. Alternative splicing is widely used to generate multiple proteins from a single gene. Furthermore, ... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
KAP1 facilitates the establishment of viral latency in certain cell types for Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and other endogenous retroviruses
. KAP1 acts as a transcriptional corepressor of the viral genome. The protein binds to the histones of the viral chromatin and then recruits Mi2α and SETB1. SETB1 is a histone ... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Alternative Splicing Annotation Project (ASAP) in computational biology was a database for alternative splicing data maintained by the University of California from 2003 to 2013. The purpose of ASAP was to provide a source for data mining projects by consolidating the information generated by genomics and proteomics re... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
By the 14th century, the majority of the more easily accessible ore deposits were exhausted. Thus, more advanced technological achievements were introduced in order to keep up with the demand in metal. The alchemical laboratory, separating precious metals from the baser ones they are typically found with, was an essent... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The blowing of air through the molten pig iron introduces oxygen into the melt which results in oxidation, removing impurities found in the pig iron, such as silicon, manganese, and carbon in the form of oxides. These oxides either escape as gas or form a solid slag. The refractory lining of the converter also plays a ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Masking is the process of applying the maskant material to the surface to ensure that only desired areas are etched. Liquid maskants may be applied via dip-masking, in which the part is dipped into an open tank of maskant and then the maskant dried. Maskant may also be applied by flow coating: liquid maskant is flowed ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Calcium carbide, also known as calcium acetylide, is a chemical compound with the chemical formula of CaC. Its main use industrially is in the production of acetylene and calcium cyanamide.
The pure material is colorless, while pieces of technical-grade calcium carbide are grey or brown and consist of about 80–85% of C... | 0 | Metallurgy |
While a thermocouple wire type is often described by its chemical composition, the actual aim is to produce a pair of wires that follow a standardized curve.
Impurities affect each batch of metal differently, producing variable Seebeck coefficients.
To match the standard behaviour, thermocouple wire manufacturers will... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Examples of intermetallics through history include:
# Roman yellow brass, CuZn
# Chinese high tin bronze, CuSn
# Type metal, SbSn
# Chinese white copper, CuNi
German type metal is described as breaking like glass, not bending, softer than copper but more fusible than lead. The chemical formula does not agree with the ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Chinese mythology generally reflects a time when metallurgy had long been practiced. According to the Romanian anthropologist, orientalist, and philosopher Mircea Eliade, the Iron Age produced a large number of rites, myths and symbols; the blacksmith was the main agent of diffusion of mythology, rites and metallurgica... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The Secretin family are peptides that act as local hormones which regulate activity of G-protein coupled receptors. Most often found in the pancreas and the intestines. Secretin was discovered in 1902 by E. H. Starling. It was later linked to chemical regulation and was the first substance to be deemed a hormone.
#Secr... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Calcium silicide is used for manufacture of special metal alloys, e.g. for removing phosphorus and as a deoxidizer. | 0 | Metallurgy |
One of the theories on the specific formation mechanism for bainite is that it occurs by a shear transformation, as in martensite. The crystal structure change is achieved by a deformation rather than by diffusion. The shape change associated with bainite is an invariant—plane strain with a large shear component. Thi... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Devereux recruited E A G Liddiard from The British Non-Ferrous Metals Research Association (BNF) to be Fulmer's Director of Research
Among other senior staff recruited were:
* Philipp Gross a refugee from Vienna who was an expert in chemical thermodynamics and had been working at International Alloys (another Almin co... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Among the diverse range of defense strategies plants utilize against pathogens, Ca signaling is very common. Free Ca levels in the cytoplasm increases in response to a pathogenic infection. Ca signatures of this nature usually activate the plant defense system by inducing defense-related genes and the hypersensitive ce... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The Sepro Blackhawk 100 Cone Crusher is a modern, hydraulically operated cone crusher designed to be simple, rugged and effective for heavy duty mining and aggregate applications. The combination of the speed and eccentric throw of the crusher provides fine crushing capability and high capacity in a very compact desig... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The alloy contains about 35–50% uranium and 1.5–4.0% carbon. At least two intermetallic compounds of iron and uranium were identified: UFe and UFe. Small amounts of uranium can drastically lower the melting point of iron and vice versa. reportedly melts at 1230 °C, at 805 °C; a mixture of these two can have melting p... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The movement of grain boundaries (HAGB) has implications for recrystallization and grain growth while subgrain boundary (LAGB) movement strongly influences recovery and the nucleation of recrystallization.
A boundary moves due to a pressure acting on it. It is generally assumed that the velocity is directly proportiona... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Battery leakage is the escape of chemicals, such as electrolytes, within an electric battery due to generation of pathways to the outside environment caused by factory or design defects, excessive gas generation, or physical damage to the battery. The leakage of battery chemical often causes destructive corrosion to th... | 0 | Metallurgy |
Chemokine-like factor (CKLF) is a member of the CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing family of proteins that in humans is encoded by the CKLF gene. This gene is located on band 22.1 in the long (i.e. "q") arm of chromosome 16. | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Transfer RNA-like structures (tRNA-like structures) are RNA sequences, which have a similar tertiary structure to tRNA; they frequently contain a pseudoknot close to the 3' end. The presence of tRNA-like structures has been demonstrated in many plant virus RNA genomes. These tRNA-like structures are linked to regulatio... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Solder is a metallic material that is used to connect metal workpieces. The choice of specific solder alloys depends on their melting point, chemical reactivity, mechanical properties, toxicity, and other properties. Hence a wide range of solder alloys exist, and only major ones are listed below. Since early 2000s the ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
From studies and predictions such as Dreyer and Bennett's, it shows that the light chains and heavy chains are encoded by separate multigene families on different chromosomes. They are referred to as gene segments and are separated by non-coding regions. The rearrangement and organization of these gene segments during... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The EDM process is most widely used by the mold-making, tool, and die industries, but is becoming a common method of making prototype and production parts, especially in the aerospace, automobile and electronics industries in which production quantities are relatively low. In sinker EDM, a graphite, copper tungsten, or... | 0 | Metallurgy |
G proteins were discovered in 1980 when Alfred G. Gilman and Martin Rodbell investigated stimulation of cells by adrenaline. They found that when adrenaline binds to a receptor, the receptor does not stimulate enzymes (inside the cell) directly. Instead, the receptor stimulates a G protein, which then stimulates an enz... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
The notch/STAT3-Ser/Hes3 signaling axis is a recently identified signal transduction branch of the notch signaling pathway, originally shown to regulate the number of neural stem cells in culture and in the living adult brain. Pharmacological activation of this pathway opposed the progression of neurodegenerative disea... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Root systems in plants with an expressed BIK1 gene and in plants with a loss-of-function mutant show that without an expressed BIK1 gene, roots grow more laterally, in greater numbers, and with shorter primary roots. With a functional BIK1 gene, roots grew downward into the soil and had less root hairs. Additionally, w... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
For transcription to take place, the enzyme that synthesizes RNA, known as RNA polymerase, must attach to the DNA near a gene. Promoters contain specific DNA sequences such as response elements that provide a secure initial binding site for RNA polymerase and for proteins called transcription factors that recruit RNA p... | 1 | Gene expression + Signal Transduction |
Fungi can cause microbial corrosion of concrete. With adequate environmental factors, such as humidity, temperature, and organic carbon sources, fungi will produce colonies on concrete. Some fungi can reproduce asexually. This common process among fungi allows many new fungal spores to quickly spread to new environment... | 0 | Metallurgy |
(AD 900–1500)
Objects of personal adornment and ceremonial objects
#Cerro Montoso, Veracruz
#Chachalacas, Veracruz
#El Tajin, Veracruz
#Isla de Sacrificios, Veracruz
#Pánuco, Veracruz
#Tampico, Veracruz | 0 | Metallurgy |
An example of undesirable work hardening is during machining when early passes of a cutter inadvertently work-harden the workpiece surface, causing damage to the cutter during the later passes. Certain alloys are more prone to this than others; superalloys such as Inconel require machining strategies that take it into ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
The deformation fields around large (over 1 μm) non-deformable particles are characterised by high dislocation densities and large orientation gradients and so are ideal sites for the development of recrystallization nuclei. This phenomenon, called particle stimulated nucleation (PSN), is notable as it provides one of ... | 0 | Metallurgy |
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